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Master Event Guide

February 7 - 9, 2020

Gatlinburg, Tennessee

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TO: Explorer Post Leadership and Advisors Venturing Crew Leadership and Advisors Ship Boatswain and Skippers Troop Leadership FROM: Tom Roberts Winterfest Chairman Northeast Georgia Council RE: Winterfest 2020 DATE: October 17, 2019 Winterfest 2020 is set for February 7-9, 2020, in Gatlinburg, Tennessee. Your post, ship, crew, or troop (ages 14 and older only) will experience an exciting weekend of competition and activities unmatched by any other weekend event in the United States! I hope your participants are excited and ready. Winterfest can be invaluable in your program planning, as it guarantees a reasonably priced, action packed event that is sure to be a highlight of your youth’s experience. No matter what the interest of your unit, we are certain there will be plenty of opportunities to fill your weekend schedule. Contained in this packet is the information for each of the events that will be offered in 2020. We intentionally “over program” Winterfest, your members cannot do everything that is offered. This keeps the interest level high across multiple years – our goal is for your members to build upon their participation several years in a row. We hope Winterfest is a key component of your program planning and retention efforts. This Event Guide, and all Winterfest guides, are available on the Winterfest website www.bsawinterfest.org. Be sure to check the site often as updates and changes will be published as they become available. Alternatively, please contact Candy Lee at the Northeast Georgia Council Service Center via phone 706-693-2446 or email candy.lee@scouting.org. I look forward to seeing your unit at Winterfest! If there is anything you need that isn’t covered in this material, please contact one of us at the Northeast Georgia Council immediately. A contact list follows. See you in February!

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Table of Contents

Important Information ................................................................................................................ 7 Key Contacts ................................................................................................................................. 8 Late Night Events ......................................................................................................................... 9

Ober Gatlinburg ............................................................................................................... 9 Ripley’s Attractions ......................................................................................................... 9 WonderWorks .................................................................................................................. 9 Zip Gatlinburg ............................................................................................................... 10

Friday Night Events ................................................................................................................... 11 City Navigation Material Pick-Up .................................................................................. 11 Honor Guard Competition ............................................................................................. 11 Reception ....................................................................................................................... 14 Southern Region Venturing Booth and Photo Booth ................................................... 14 Talent Show Auditions and Rules ................................................................................. 14

General Events ............................................................................................................................ 19 Amateur Radio Station .................................................................................................. 19 Beat the Timer Games ................................................................................................... 19 Cast Iron Chef ................................................................................................................ 20 City Navigation .............................................................................................................. 20 Fox Hunt Challenge ....................................................................................................... 21 Gaming ........................................................................................................................... 21 Hungry Hungry Hippos ................................................................................................. 22 Live Mario Karts Game .................................................................................................. 22 Moot Court ..................................................................................................................... 23 Rock, Paper, Scissors Tournament ............................................................................... 24 Roundtable - Exploring ................................................................................................. 24 Roundtable - Venturing ................................................................................................. 24 Selfie Scavenger Hunt ................................................................................................... 25 Tabletop Display Contest .............................................................................................. 25 Veterinarian Practical Exam ......................................................................................... 26 Veterinarian Written Exam ........................................................................................... 26 Video Contest ................................................................................................................. 26

Aquatic Events .............................................................................................................................. 31 Anchor Dive ................................................................................................................... 31 Canoe Relay ................................................................................................................... 31 Cardboard Boat Regatta ................................................................................................ 31 Heaving Line .................................................................................................................. 32 Knot Tying Relay ........................................................................................................... 32 Lifeguard Relay .............................................................................................................. 33

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Mariner’s Quiz ............................................................................................................... 33 Ring Buoy Toss .............................................................................................................. 33 Rubber Ducky Regatta ................................................................................................... 34

Climbing Events ......................................................................................................................... 35 Bouldering ..................................................................................................................... 35 Caving Challenge - Squeeze Box .................................................................................... 35 Climbing Wall ................................................................................................................ 35 Crate Stacking ................................................................................................................ 36 Rappelling ...................................................................................................................... 36 Rope Climb .................................................................................................................... 36 V-Squeeze ...................................................................................................................... 36 V-Swing .......................................................................................................................... 37

Fire/EMS Events ........................................................................................................................ 39 Bleeding Wounds and Shock ......................................................................................... 40 Cardiac Arrest Management / AED Competition ......................................................... 41 Cherokee Drill ................................................................................................................ 44 Denver Drill ................................................................................................................... 46 Emergency Medical Competition .................................................................................. 49 Emergency Trauma Competition .................................................................................. 53 Rapid Dress – Team and Individual ............................................................................. 56 Rapid Rescue and Resuscitate ....................................................................................... 57 Triple Lay ....................................................................................................................... 58 Vent, Enter, Search ........................................................................................................ 59 Z-Drag ............................................................................................................................ 61

Law Enforcement ....................................................................................................................... 65 Accident Investigation ................................................................................................... 65 Active Shooter ................................................................................................................ 65 Bomb Threat Response ................................................................................................. 66 Burglary in Progress ...................................................................................................... 66 Crime Scene Competition .............................................................................................. 66 Crisis Negotiation .......................................................................................................... 66 Domestic Violence ......................................................................................................... 67 Domestic Violence Trial ................................................................................................ 67 Drug Identification ........................................................................................................ 68 DUI Traffic Stop ............................................................................................................ 68 Employment Interview Practical ................................................................................... 68 Felony Traffic Stop ........................................................................................................ 69 Forensic Fingerprinting................................................................................................. 69 Individual Tactical Fitness Challenge ........................................................................... 69 Interview and Interrogation .......................................................................................... 74

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Man With a Gun ............................................................................................................ 74 Officer Down .................................................................................................................. 74 Officer Survival .............................................................................................................. 74 Robbery in Progress ...................................................................................................... 75 Suspicious Death Investigation ..................................................................................... 75 Uniform Inspection ....................................................................................................... 75 Unknown Trouble .......................................................................................................... 76 Use of Force-Red Man ................................................................................................... 77 Warrant Service ............................................................................................................. 77 Written Exam ................................................................................................................ 77

Shooting Sports Events ............................................................................................................. 79 3 Gun .............................................................................................................................. 79 Air Rifle Shooting Range ............................................................................................... 79 Archery Competition and Match Shoot ........................................................................ 79 Archery Free Shoot ........................................................................................................ 80 Outdoor Range Event – Knife Throw ........................................................................... 80 Outdoor Range Event – Tomahawk Throw .................................................................. 81 Outdoor Range Events - Shooting (NRA) ..................................................................... 81

STEM Events............................................................................................................................... 83 Action Figure Bungee Jumping ..................................................................................... 83 Batteries ......................................................................................................................... 83 Catapults ........................................................................................................................ 83 Egg Drop ........................................................................................................................ 83 Horsepower ................................................................................................................... 84 Paper Rockets ................................................................................................................ 84 Roller Coaster Building ................................................................................................. 84

Tournament Events ................................................................................................................... 85 Basketball (4 on 4) ......................................................................................................... 85 Bowling .......................................................................................................................... 85 Cornhole ........................................................................................................................ 86 Disc Golf......................................................................................................................... 86 Dodgeball ....................................................................................................................... 87 Volleyball ....................................................................................................................... 87

Addendums ................................................................................................................................. 89 Addendum #1: Cardboard Regatta Rules ..................................................................... 89 Addendum #2: Basketball Rules (4 x 4) ....................................................................... 92 Addendum #3: Disc Golf ............................................................................................... 93 Addendum #4: Dodgeball ............................................................................................. 94 Addendum #5: 2020 Talent Show Forms ..................................................................... 96 Addendum #6: Zip Gatlinburg Waiver ......................................................................... 97

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Addendum #7: Ober Gatlinburg Waiver ....................................................................... 98 Addendum #8: Moot Court Ideas and Tips .................................................................. 99

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Important Information • Event Guide Updates: Changes, updates, and other notes regarding Winterfest

and the events will be posted on Facebook and the latest Guide will be published on the Winterfest web site www.bsawinterfest.org. Be sure to check the site regularly for the latest information. The rules for each event that are published in the latest revision of this guide will be followed at Winterfest.

• During the online registration process you will be able to register for events which require registration. If an event is noted as a walk-up event it will not be shown in the online registration system. Registration for most events will be on a first-come, first-served basis.

• If you are a Law Enforcement Post you will see specific questions with regard to the law enforcement events. You will provide your first and second choice for the team events and answer a few other questions. Your schedule for law enforcement events will then be manually created and sent to you in the days leading up to Winterfest.

• If you are a Fire/EMS Post you will see specific questions about Fire/EMS events. We will handle the events as walk-up but would like you to indicate how many teams you will be sending so that the appropriate number of exams or other supplies will be available.

• Please note that Cornhole, Volleyball, Dodgeball and Basketball are bracketed events; winners in each stage will advance to later rounds until a champion is determined. Winning teams will be expected to be present and ready to play at the next scheduled round. Those fortunate enough to make it to the finals should plan on staying at the venue the entire morning or afternoon.

• For all events other than Law Enforcement or Fire/EMS: to allow participation by as many units as possible, multiple teams from one unit should not pre-register for a single event. If space is available, sign-ups for a second team from a unit may be done on Friday, February 7. (For example, if a unit wants to have two teams play basketball they can pre-register one and then, if space is available, register the second team on Friday of the event.)

• Winterfest has an active Facebook page. Make sure you “like” bsawinterfest so you can follow any changes. We will be using Facebook as our primary communication to update attendees prior to and during the event.

• While we do not plan on it, due to unforeseen circumstances, certain events may deviate from those listed in this packet. We will do our very best to not let this happen. We appreciate your positive attitude about the events.

• The registration deadline is January 31, 2020. After that date registration will only be allowed as a walk-up and at that price level. Reduced pricing will expire on January 10, 2020.

• Wristbands will be provided at check-in and will be checked at each competition site.

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Key Contacts

Winterfest Chair

Tom Roberts tlroberts@mindspring.com

Administration Officer

Tom French 404-861-1656 tafrench@windstream.net

Administration Section Chief

Gail Bailey 404-200-5875 mgailbailey@gmail.com

Events Section Chief

Tandy Krajec mskrajec@gmail.com

Law Enforcement Supervisor

Lisa Weston lisa_weston@hotmail.com

Fire Service Supervisor

Michael Sims mrsims@cherokeega.com

Winterfest Staff Advisor

Candy Lee 706-693-2446 candy.lee@scouting.org

Winterfest Registration Questions

Heather Sisk 706-693-2446 heather.sisk@scouting.org

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Late Night Events Ober Gatlinburg, Ripley’s, WonderWorks, and Zip Gatlinburg have partnered with Winterfest to provide late night fun for all attendees!

Ober Gatlinburg Ober Gatlinburg is partnering with Winterfest this year to provide some wintery fun to your youth and leaders! For just $31 your youth and adults can participate in the following activities:

• One mountain coaster ride (weather dependent) • Two runs in the snow tubing park • One hour on the ice-skating rink • Access to the snow zone • Aerial tram

Ober Gatlinburg will be open for Winterfest participants from 8 pm Friday until 11:30 pm. Tickets must be ordered in advance through our online registration site (and payment received by the Northeast Georgia Council by Friday, January 31, 2020).

A wavier is required and must be signed by a parent if participant is under 18. The waiver can be found in the Advisor Guide or Addendum 7 of this guide.

Ripley’s Attractions On Friday night beginning at 7 pm, Ripley’s will keep 3 attractions open until midnight, solely for Winterfest participants. For just $12 youth and adults can choose to go through one of the following: Ripley’s Aquarium, Haunted House, and/or Believe It or Not. The Aquarium will stay open until midnight for participants. Note: You must be in the aquarium before 11 pm but can stay until midnight. Participants should plan to arrive 2 hours before closing to enjoy the attraction. Tickets must be ordered in advance through our online registration system (and payment received by the Northeast Georgia Council by Friday, January 31, 2020). Ripley’s will honor the attraction ticket on Thursday and Saturday/Sunday as well but only during normal operating hours. When purchasing tickets you will be asked if you plan to visit on Thursday or Friday/Saturday/Sunday. That will allow us to have your Thursday tickets ready for you at will call at the Aquarium.

WonderWorks For just $15.00, tax exempt, youth and adults can tour WonderWorks and enjoy the laser tag attraction. See below for operating times. Tickets must be ordered in advance through our online registration system (and payment received by the Northeast Georgia Council by Friday, January 31, 2020). Tickets are good Thursday – Sunday. When purchasing tickets you will be asked if you plan to visit on Thursday or Friday/Saturday/Sunday. That will allow us to have your Thursday tickets ready for you at will call. Participants should plan to arrive 2 hours before closing to enjoy the attraction.

Thursday, February 6th open until 10 pm Friday, February 7th open until 10 pm

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Saturday, February 8th open until 9pm Sunday, February 9th open until 9pm

Zip Gatlinburg Zip Gatlinburg is partnering with Winterfest to provide some exciting late-night fun to your youth and leaders! On Friday night only, from 8 PM to Midnight Zip Gatlinburg will open their 9-line course which overlooks downtown Gatlinburg solely for Winterfest participants. For just $26 your youth and adults get to experience a 1-hour treetop aerial experience! Tickets must be ordered in advance through our online registration site (and payment received by the Northeast Georgia Council by Friday, January 31, 2020). There will be 30 participants allowed to start every hour.

A wavier is required and must be signed by a parent if participant under 18. The waiver can be found in the Advisor Guide or Addendum 6 of this guide.

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Friday Night Events City Navigation Material Pick-Up Team Event: Walk-up Location: Information Desk Time: Pick up material Friday night or Saturday morning Pick up your event information Friday night or Saturday morning from the Winterfest Headquarters area (in the Convention Center) to participate. See Saturday Events for more detail on the event.

Honor Guard Competition Team Event of 4 – 8 people: Registration required Location: Convention Center, See Pocket Guide Time: Friday Evening, See Pocket Guide OVERVIEW:

The Honor Guard Demonstration/Competition is a team event. The first-place team will have the privilege of presenting the colors at Saturday evening’s closing show.

Units will have 8 minutes for this competition, including preparation. Please plan accordingly.

Judging will consist of two phases: Team Inspection and Posting of the Colors. During each phase of the competition, teams and team members will be judged on uniformity and bearing. The variations of marching styles will not be penalized; rather, teams will be judged for precision and straight lines. All teams are responsible for bringing their own equipment, including flags, poles, bases, parade equipment, swords, etc.

TEAM PARTICIPANTS:

Each team will have a minimum of 4 and not more than 8 members. One of those members will be designated as a Team Leader. Each member must participate in both phases of the competition. Support staff is allowed to aid with equipment and will not be judged. The Team Leader must clearly identify any support staff to the judges ahead of their performance.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EVENTS AND GENERAL RULES:

The Honor Guard Competition is composed of two separate phases:

1. The Team Inspection

2. The Posting of the Colors

Preparation: Prior to the designated time for teams to begin the Team Inspection, teams will assemble on a "ready line" before moving to the Inspection Line. While on the ready line, members of the Honor Guard team may silently make one last inspection of their uniforms and equipment. At the appointed time, the team will move up to the Inspection Line and follow the instructions for competition.

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1. Team Inspection: The Team Leader will present the team for judging at the Inspection Line at the proper time. The team will fall-in on a single line at a full arms-length dress right, and at “Attention”. The team will remain at attention until dismissed or otherwise told by the judge. When the Team Leader is satisfied that the team is ready, the Leader will take a position in front of the team and inform the judge that the team is ready for inspection. Note: Judging begins when the Team Leader reports in to the judge for inspection. The Leader will then be inspected for neatness, cleanliness, and bearing. The remaining team members will then be inspected for conformity to the Leader’s uniform. Equipment used in the “Posting of the Colors” phase does not have to be carried or worn during the inspection; however, all equipment the team chooses to wear or carry during this phase will be subject to inspection.

When the judge comes to a member carrying a piece of equipment (e.g. – rifle or sword) that member will bring the equipment to a “Port Arms” or carry position. The individual members are judged on neatness, cleanliness, and bearing. The team is judged for conformity, precision, and straight lines as a unit. At the end of judging for the Team Inspection, the judge will instruct the Leader that the judging is complete and to prepare the team for the Posting of the Colors.

2. Posting of the Colors: When the inspection portion for each team is completed, the flags/equipment may be brought to the flag bearer(s) by the team’s support staff. Not all team members are required to Post Colors, but all team members must participate as guides or escorts. When the team has all equipment and is ready, the Team Leader will notify the judge that the team is ready to Post the Colors.

Judging begins in this event when the judge instructs the Leader to begin. Each team will immediately begin the “Posting of the Colors.” Each team will post a minimum of two colors (U.S., plus state, district, agency, or team flag as appropriate).

Starting from the start location, the Team Leader will lead the team through the following:

a. The Team Leader will begin with a "forward march command", and then with the use of either audible or silent commands, the Team Leader will march the Honor Guard to the designated posting area by following the pre-set path which may require turning movements. The Team Leader will direct the Posting of the Colors in a manner which may be done as elaborately or as simply as the team wishes. The Posting will accomplish placing the U.S. and other flags in fixed holders. The U.S. Flag is placed stage right (to the audience’s left). The bearer(s) will then return to the rank.

b. After posting the Colors, the team will march to the designated end point in a disciplined and professional manner, where the Team Leader will audibly command the Honor Guard to halt.

The Honor Guard may march or fall out and quietly move from the assembly area. Support staff will retrieve the colors and any other equipment as soon as the team has come to a halt after posting and exiting.

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Reception Hosted by Southern Region Venturing Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: Friday night Join us in a relaxed atmosphere allowing the attendees of Winterfest to meet-and-greet with the Southern Region Venturing Officers Association, ask questions about Venturing, and have a good time.

Southern Region Venturing Booth and Photo Booth Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: Friday night Information regarding Venturing in the Southern Region and a fun booth to get great group shots!

Talent Show Auditions and Rules Team or Individual: Walk-Up Location: Convention Center Time: Friday Night and Saturday, See Description Below

Talent Show Process

Check-In • Check-In will be opened immediately following the conclusion of the Friday evening

show, to the left of the stage. • An announcement will be made regarding the Talent Show check in during the Friday

evening show. Listen carefully for any special instructions. • Check-In will be open for one hour following completion of the show. A 15-minute

warning will be announced prior to closing check in. After this time has elapsed, no new check-ins will be permitted.

• To complete your check-in, a representative of your group must bring: o Completed Talent Show Application for each group participating in the Talent

Show auditions (will be available at the event) o Completed Talent Show Media Release for each individual participating in the

Talent Show auditions o Completed Backing Track Form and any required media (if used) o Printed full lyrics of any songs that will be performed o Script for any spoken word, skits, comedy, or other verbal acts

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• When group or individual check in is complete, a number will be issued, indicating your cue to walk on stage

Auditions • Auditions will occur approximately 30 minutes after check in begins. • Numbers will be called in order for each act to take the stage. • At the end of the allotted three minutes, a buzzer will sound and audio will be faded out,

indicating the end of the allotted performance time. • Performance time will not begin until all performers have taken the stage and begun

their act. Performance time will end at three minutes, regardless of whether an act is in progress.

• Participants are required to be present when their number is called. Please keep track of your position in line and plan accordingly. Late participants will not be permitted to audition, so please remain in the vicinity of the stage during the auditions. A seating area will be designated for all talent show participants to watch the other auditioning acts.

Judging

• Acts will be judged according to a scoring rubric developed by Talent Show Staff. • Judges will be youth that are unaffiliated with Winterfest Show Staff and will be

determined by Winterfest and Talent Show Staff. • A copy of the scoring rubric will be available for review by participants during the check-

in process and following the auditions. • Scoring rubrics will be collected from the Judges following the auditions by Talent Show

Staff. Scores will then be tallied by Talent Show Staff. • The three top-scoring acts will be selected as finalists. • Finalists will be notified by telephone or in person as soon as possible following the tally

of the results. • A score sheet showing the scores of all Talent Show participants will be posted on

Winterfest social media pages following judging.

Sound Checks • Three times will be designated for Sound Checks on Saturday Afternoon. These times

will be posted during Check-In and following auditions. • All finalists are required to attend one of the three sound checks prior to the Saturday

evening show. • All group members who will perform in the Saturday evening show must be present for

the group’s Sound Check. • Winterfest Show Staff will work to provide sound checks at flexible times, but may be

limited due to other organizational factors. • Finalists requiring backing tracks, instruments, or any other special needs will need to

attend their sound check ready to perform. • No new participants, instruments, backing tracks, or other performance changes will be

permitted between sound checks and the Saturday evening show. • No finalists will be allowed to perform during the show without attending

their sound check. Saturday Evening Show • Finalists are required to be present in the backstage area or at the audio booth and ready

to perform at least 15 minutes prior to the beginning of the show.

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• Finalists should remain backstage during the show until the time of their performance. • After their performance, finalists may be seated with their post or crew. • The winner of the Talent Show will be announced at the conclusion of the Saturday

evening show.

Talent Show Rules and Regulations

Due to time constraints, only forty (40) auditions will be conducted. Please plan on arriving to Check-In as early as possible to ensure your place in line.

Types of Entries • Entries will be accepted either as a group or solo. • Entries will be permitted from the following categories:

o Vocal o Dance o Instrumental o Comedy o Magic o Skits o Spoken word

• Entries in categories not listed above may be permitted following approval by Talent Show Staff. Unconventional acts are recommended to check in as soon as check-in has been opened to discuss their performance.

• Entries during auditions are limited to three (3) minutes in length. • Finalists may perform for up to five (5) minutes during the Saturday show.

Prohibited Acts • No explicit, vulgar, or obscene acts will be permitted. • Acts may not use fire, pyrotechnics, confetti, firearms, knives, other sharp objects, or

other objects deemed hazardous to participants or spectators. • Simulated firearms, such as blue guns and inactive drill rifles, may be permitted

following inspection and approval by Talent Show Staff. • Prop knives and swords with blunt edges may be permitted following inspection and

approval by Talent Show Staff. • Lip syncing is not permitted as a sole act, but may be included as part of a larger act

following approval by Talent Show Staff. • Winterfest Show Staff reserves the right to interrupt any performance that is deemed to

violate any of these regulations, or is found to be in poor taste by a majority of judges and staff, or represents an immediate risk of injury or property damage.

Backing Tracks and Audio • The Talent Show is considered a public performance and must comply with applicable

copyright laws. • Any songs used as a backing track must be owned or purchased by the Talent Show

performer prior to auditioning. • No streaming audio sources, such as Spotify or YouTube, will be allowed if the media is

available for purchase. Streaming audio sources will not be permitted and no exceptions will be allowed during the Saturday evening show due to the historical unreliability of wireless networks and cellular service.

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• All recorded content must be in keeping with the values of the Venturing, Exploring, and BSA Program. Winterfest Show Staff reserve the right to immediately cut the audio if a song is deemed inappropriate.

• All content will be played as-is. Any track editing, such as start and stop times or vocal removal shall be completed by the participant prior to check-in. Karaoke versions of songs are recommended for backing tracks. It is recommended that Talent Show participants edit their backing tracks using free audio editing software, such as Audacity (Windows, Mac, Linux) or GarageBand (Mac, iOS).

• Submitted audio must fit the following specifications: o Both the left and right track must be included. No mono audio is permitted. o Audio must be submitted in the MP3 format, at a high bitrate. o Audio must be submitted on a USB flash drive (thumb drive). This flash drive

must be readable by standard Windows or Mac OS computers. o Audio on a CD will not be accepted. USB flash drives are widely available and can

be purchased for under $5. Many modern laptops do not have the ability to read CDs.

• For performers unable to provide an MP3 file of their audio or requiring advanced control, a stage audio input (standard 1/8” headphone connector) will be provided to connect the performer’s device to the audio system.

o Use of this stage audio input requires permission from Winterfest Show Staff. Please discuss this with a Talent Show Staff member during check-in.

o No streaming audio sources, such as Spotify or YouTube, may be played back through the stage audio input.

o Exceptions will be made at the discretion of Talent Show Staff if media cannot be purchased through available sources.

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Winterfest 2020 Talent Show Talent Release Form

I hereby assign and grant to the Boy Scouts of America, Winterfest, and Winterfest Staff the right and permission to use and publish the photographs, video, electronic representations, and/or sound recordings made of me during the Winterfest 2020 Talent Show, including but not limited to all performances, auditions, rehearsals, or sound checks. Additionally, I hereby release the Boy Scouts of America, Winterfest, and Winterfest Staff from any and all liability from such use and publication. I hereby authorize the reproduction, sale, copyright, exhibit, broadcast, electronic storage and/or distribution of said photographs/film/video/electronic representations and/or sound recordings without limitation at the discretion of the Boy Scouts of America, Winterfest, and Winterfest Staff, and I specifically waive any right to any compensation I may have for any of the foregoing.

Please Print Clearly

Name: __________________________________________ Age: _______________ Address: ___________________________________________________________ City: ____________________________ State: _________ Zip: _____________ Phone Number: ______________________________________________________ Email Address: _______________________________________________________

Post or Crew #: _________________ Post or Crew City: ______________________

Participant Signature: _________________________________ Date: ____________ Guardian Signature: __________________________________ Date: ____________

(if under the age of 18)

Winterfest Staff Use Only I have reviewed this document and confirmed that it is correctly filled out and signed. Staff Name: ________________________________________________________ Staff Signature: __________________________________Date: ________________

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General Events Amateur Radio Station Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide This demonstration helps expose Scouts to the technology, fun, and magic of amateur radio. Amateur radio, also known as ham radio, is both a hobby and a service. Amateur operators use radio communications equipment to communicate with other amateur operators for public service, recreation, and self-training. Radio Scouting covers all aspects of amateur radio within the Scouting Movement. Scouts will have the possibility to engage in conversations with radio operators across the country and around the world (where allowed). Presentations will cover many aspects of radio communication from long distance communication, to satellite communication, and communication support to local events and emergencies.

Beat the Timer Games Hosted by Southern Region Venturing Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: Saturday All Day Beat the Timer Games are games based off the popular game show, Minute to Win It. Three games will be conducted: Junk in the Trunk, Elephant March, and Pink Elephant. Within 60 seconds, the player needs to complete the task given. Winners will be put into a bracket for a head to head competition to determine who completes the task fastest, and is declared the Minutite - Master of the Minute to Win it games! Junk in the Trunk: Eight ping-pong balls are in a tissue box strapped around the player’s waist. The player then has 60 seconds to shake them out.

Elephant March: A tennis ball is inserted into each leg of panty hose. Eight cups are placed on the floor to create a walkway. The player puts the panty hose on his or her head and attempts to knock over all the cups, within 60 seconds, by swinging his or her head from side to side.

Pink Elephant: Using a slinky attached to a headband, the player moves his or her head back and forth, balancing the slinky on the forehead for 60 seconds.

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Cast Iron Chef Individual Event: Registration required Location: Mynatt Park Time: Saturday 10:00 AM – 12:00 (noon) Rules:

1. All set up and cooking must be done at Mynatt Park. 2. All contestants must be Scouts in teams of two or more. Teams with adult leader

assistance other than moral support will be disqualified. 3. Contestants are responsible for supplying their own Dutch ovens, cooking utensils,

supplies, charcoal and ingredients. Nothing will be provided. 4. Contestants must wash their hands before preparing their meals. 5. Each team must prepare one main dish containing chicken and one dessert using

refrigerator rolls. Any combination of spices and other ingredients is permitted. 6. Both the main dish and the dessert must be prepared in or on the lids of Dutch

ovens. 7. Meat may be pre-cut or ground, but not be precooked, marinated or treated in any

way prior to the setup period the day of the cook-off. Canned/bottled tomato sauce, hot sauce, broth, condiments or beverages are permitted. All other ingredients must be cut, chopped or prepared at the cook-off.

8. Contestants must describe their dishes, including ingredients, to the judges when the sample is to be judged.

9. Contestants must provide their sample to the judges in a reusable container. No paper plates or other disposable dishes. Your container will be returned to you.

10. Entries will be judged based upon overall taste, creativity and presentation. 11. Prizes will be awarded for First, Second and Third place for the entire meal. There

will not be separate awards for the main dish and dessert. Event Times: 1. Set up and cooking begin at 10 A.M. 2. Judging begins at noon.

City Navigation Team Event: Walk-up Location: Around Gatlinburg Time: See Pocket Guide This event satisfies all Venturing Ranger Land Navigation Requirements except 5.e. Pick up your event information Friday night or Saturday morning from the Winterfest Headquarters area (in the Convention Center) to participate. There will be a 13-point orienteering course meandering through Gatlinburg. For each bearing, a brightly colored paper decorated with a geometrical design will be found. Copy the design on the space provided inside the course pamphlet. Use leapfrog techniques to cover great distances or overcome obstacles along the way. Approximate distance is 2.5 miles. GPS units will not be available for checkout (please bring your own!). This event will take you through downtown Gatlinburg. Prizes for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd place finishers. This event is open to all youth participants at Winterfest. Please bring your own compass and GPS receiver to participate.

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Fox Hunt Challenge Team Event 2 to 8 people: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide Fox Hunting is a map and compass exercise, as well as a test of direction-finding skill. Successful hunters must pay careful attention to their own location and the bearings to the fox at all times and plot them on maps. The BSA buddy system applies. The Fox, a hidden radio transmitter, will be hidden somewhere in Gatlinburg within walking distance of the Convention Center. Each team will start out from the Amateur Radio demonstration station in the Convention Center lobby. Each team will borrow a compass, a directional antenna, a radio receiver that can indicate signal strength, and a map. (The radio, antenna & compass must be returned as soon as the fox is located.) An instructor will provide information to each group on the proper use of the equipment. As each team leaves the convention center the following will be recorded: • Team Council • Team Unit Type • Team Unit Number • Time (to nearest second)

The team will use the equipment provided and the skills learned, to locate the hidden transmitter. At the transmitter location, a token will be retrieved and brought back to the Convention Center. (If all tokens are gone, the team can write down a description of the container holding the hidden transmitter (Size, color, markings) as well as the specific location. When each team returns to the Convention Center, they should return the equipment and token at which time their time will be recorded. The fastest three teams that locate the fox will get awards. If a team does not find the fox within the allotted time, they must return the equipment so others can participate.

Gaming Individual Event: Walk-Up Location: Convention Center Time: Saturday, Based on Event (see below) Open Gaming Time: 10 am – 12 pm, 12 pm – 2 pm, 2 pm – 5 pm Various fun tabletop, card and board games will be available for checkout. Games will include Happy Salmon, Munchkin, Splendor and others Catan Time: 10 am – 12 pm Attendees will learn the popular board game Catan, about settling the uncharted island of Catan, collecting and trading resources in order to dominate the economy. Warmachine/Hordes Time: 10 am – 12 pm, 2 pm – 5 pm

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Participants will learn the basics of Warmachine/Hordes. A tabletop miniatures war game between powerful warcasters, whose magical ability to control a team of arcane robots and fierce beasts will test the player’s strategic skills. Zombicide: Black Plague Time: 12 pm – 2 pm Participants will learn how to play Zombicide: Black Plague, a miniatures board game about completing objectives while fighting off endless undead hordes in an epic medieval fantasy setting Trading Card Games Time: 12 pm – 2 pm Participants can play/learn about trading card games; including Magic: The Gathering, Pokémon, Yu-Gi-Oh, and Force of Will. Bring your own decks or borrow one of ours. Star Wars: X-Wing Time: 2 pm – 5 pm Participants will learn the basics of Star Wars: X-Wing, a tabletop miniatures war game about controlling every turn and shot made by your favorite Star Wars ships, in a fast-paced skirmish in space.

Hungry Hungry Hippos Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide

Each unit (typically a Crew/Post) selects two of their Scouts to be their participants for each round. One Scout will be laying on a scooter board with a basket in their hands, and the other Scout will hold the first Scout by the feet while maneuvering them around as if they were one singular unit. This creates a Scooter Team. Balls are then placed within a designated center area and the Scooter Teams collect as many balls as possible and put them into their basket to be transported back to the designated holding area for their unit. Once all the balls have been collected, the team with the most balls in their unit’s holding area wins the round. Other members of the unit will assist by pushing any stray balls back into the center area (where the Scooter Teams take the balls from). They do so with flat, foam panels (the kind often used as a seating area in elementary schools) (see video at 0:25 seconds). Video of event in action: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHjKjr0kNQ4

Live Mario Karts Game Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: Saturday 1:00 pm – 4:00 pm Objective: Pop the other team’s balloons within the fastest time. Each team will create karts out of cardboard. Each team will receive 3 balloons that can be placed anywhere on the outside of their karts using tape. Most people put one balloon on the

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right, one on the left and one on the back. Balloons of the same color will be on the same team. To pop your opponent’s balloons, you can either bump into the other team’s karts or use the provided toothpicks. Once all 3 of your balloons have been popped, you are eliminated from the event. Boxes will be provided, but participants may choose to bring their own boxes and design them.

Moot Court Individual or Team Event (max 3 people): Registration required Location: Glenstone Lodge (or Convention Center) Time: Morning, hourly, based on registration

Elaine Fairchilde et al. v. Daniel Tiger

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Unlike a traditional mock trial competition, a moot court competition represents a case that has already been decided and is now being appealed. This year’s case is entitled Elaine Fairchilde et al. v. Daniel Tiger. The issues are (1) whether an action to enjoin implementation of a voter identification statute is ripe for judicial consideration even though it has yet to take effect, and (2) whether a state statute requiring all voters, other than a narrow category of religious objectors, to present valid photo identification violates the voter’s right to vote under the First and Fourteenth Amendments.

In moot court there are two sets or teams of lawyers – a team of lawyers for the petitioner (here, Elaine Fairchilde and the other commissioners of the state election board) and a team of lawyers for the respondent (here, Daniel Tiger). You will sign up as lawyers for either Fairchilde (and the other election commissioners) or for Tiger. Generally, a crew or post will select one time slot and divide into two teams - lawyers for Fairchilde and lawyers for Tiger. If the same people wish to argue both sides of the case, your team may sign up on a different time slot to represent the other party. Your team can be comprised of one to three lawyers (but we can also be flexible).

You will be arguing your case in front of one to three judges. You will not be calling or questioning witnesses, rather, in moot court the judges are free to interrupt your presentation and ask you questions about the law and facts. Know your case well and be prepared to be interrupted (don’t worry – the judges are kind). The order of your presentation may be changed as judges ask questions.

Each side will have 15 -20 minutes to present its case (including questions from the judges). If there is only one team for a time slot, we will only hear from one side.

You are judged more on your presentation–not whether your side “wins.” The most important part of moot court is convincing the judges why the law supports your side’s argument. The criteria the judges will use are as follows:

● Accuracy of the statement of the facts ● Persuasiveness of the argument ● Use of relevant case citations (from those provided in the moot court packet) to develop

your argument ● Ability to respond to questions from the court ● Transition back to the oral argument

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● Knowledge of the opposing party's case ● Etiquette/respect towards the appellate panel

The legal background material in Addendum #8 of the Winterfest Event Guide contains ALL the information you need. There are also some helpful tips that can get you started. The packet includes the court’s opinion, including the “majority opinion” by Judge Rogers – which describes how the court decided and why, and the “dissenting opinion” by Judge Aberlin, which describes some arguments in favor of a different decision. Together, these opinions show arguments that could be useful in developing your case, as well as all the law and facts you will be expected to know.

You may read notes from laptops and mobile devices during the moot court. But no charts, diagrams or other visual aides are permitted.

This problem was developed originally for the University of North Carolina School of Law, 2014 Craven Moot Court Competition. The problem has been adapted for use by Winterfest. These materials may be used only for the purposes of the Winterfest 2020 Moot Court Competition.

Rock, Paper, Scissors Tournament Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide A line of hula-hoops is arranged on the floor, and two units (typically a Crew/Post) place all of their Scouts in a line at one end of the hula-hoop line. The Scout at the front of their unit’s line then hops (they do not run, walk, skip, gallop, or cartwheel, but they hop) through/over the hula-hoops trying to get as far as they can as quickly as they can, until they meet a Scout from the other unit. Upon initial contact, both Scouts have to pause and play a quick game of rock, paper, scissors. The loser drops out of the hula-hoops and goes back to the end of their unit’s line, but the winner keeps hopping forward through the hula-hoops, trying to get to the other side of the hula-hoop line (where the other unit’s line of Scouts starts). As soon as a rock, paper, scissors battle has ended, the winner keeps moving while the losing team’s next Scout immediately starts hopping down the hula-hoop line to meet the other team’s current champion. The first unit to get to the other side wins.

Roundtable - Exploring Individual: Walk-Up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide and Description Below This is an opportunity for Advisors and Explorers to discuss various issues affecting their Posts. Find out what other Posts are doing that works (or doesn’t!). This event takes place Saturday evening after competitive events have concluded. Check your pocket schedule for the time and location of the Exploring Roundtable.

Roundtable - Venturing Individual: Walk-Up

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Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide and Description Below

Want to know what other venturing crews are doing?

Want to brag about what your crew has done?

Do you want to know where venturing-friendly camps are located?

What kind of super activities are you doing?

There is an opportunity for both youth and adults to participate and share their experiences. Come and learn what other Crews are doing and where great opportunities exist for your crew.

If we have enough attendees we will try to hold separate forums for young people and adults with a combined summary session at the end.

This event will be held Saturday evening after all competitions/activities so everyone has the opportunity to attend. Check your Winterfest pocket schedule for the location.

Selfie Scavenger Hunt Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide

Scouts will be given a list of items and people to take selfies with. Whoever obtains the most selfies from that list and posts them on social media with #SRWinterfest2020 will be the winner. To gain recognition, the potential winner should come to the Southern Region Venturing booth and present their posted selfies with the actual number of posts.

Tabletop Display Contest Team or Individual: Walk-Up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide and Description Below

Displays can be on Bronze, Ranger, or Quartermaster Awards; Crew/Post trips; careers; or any other topic related to your unit.

1. Computers are not provided and Internet access is not available, therefore websites must be stand alone.

2. All displays must be free standing. 3. Displays must be picked up before the Closing Show Saturday night. We hope you

will leave your display for people to view throughout the day, but if you have security concerns leave only materials you feel comfortable leaving unattended.

4. The displays will be judged on: • Quality of layout and clarity of information; • How well you utilize chosen media(s) – traditional display, slideshow, website • Presentation of Display

o 3 to 5 minute talk on why the display was made and what the display is about

o Answers to judges’ questions

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At registration Friday night information is provided about the location of set up. Judging and presentations will be between 8:00-9:30 AM. There is no limit to the number of displays per Crew/Post or individual.

Veterinarian Practical Exam Individual Event: Registration required, restricted to Veterinary Explorers Location: Glenstone Lodge (or Convention Center) Time: 9:30 am – 11:00 am The Veterinary Practical Exam will include suturing using simple, uninterrupted suture techniques. It will also include demonstrating how to give subcutaneous and intramuscular injections. Explorers will be judged based on proper technique and proper safety protocols.

Veterinarian Written Exam Individual Event: Registration requested, Walk-Ups allowed Location: Glenstone Lodge (or Convention Center) Time: 9:30 am – 11:00 am The written test may consist of multiple-choice questions and a scenario-based essay. There is a 30-minute time limit. All questions will be based on a general veterinarian practice and will be based on current practices and case law.

Video Contest Individual or Team Event Location: Online Time: November 1, 2019 – January 15, 2020 Entrants will submit a video promoting Winterfest 2020: Through Their Eyes.

Video Contest Rules A. How to enter

1. Must be a member of a Venturing Crew, Explorer Post, Ship, or Scout Troop in order to participate in the contest. Participants must do the following:

2. Must submit a video promoting Winterfest 2020 through the contest submission form.

3. Submissions will not be accepted after January 15, 2020. (The sooner you submit the more promotion you time you have.)

4. Multiple entries are not allowed.

B. Eligibility restrictions 1. The contest is open to Venturers, Explorers, Sea Scouts and Scouts who are 14 years

of age or older at the time of contest registration (those under 18 must have signed parental permission.)

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2. Entry teams will not consist of more than 5 members. 3. Employees of BSA, Winterfest 2020 judging staff, members of the immediate

families (defined as spouse, child, sibling, parent, or grandparent), and members of the households (whether related or not) of any of the above are NOT eligible to participate or win in this contest.

4. Participants agree to abide by applicable federal, state, local laws and regulations.

C. Other guidelines 1. Contest is subject to all applicable federal, state, local laws and regulations. 2. If music is utilized in the video, it must be used with permission or be public domain. 3. BSA and the Winterfest 2020 committee retain the right to disqualify any contestant

if the rules are not followed. 4. Any information collected by registering to enter the contest shall be used only in a

manner consistent with these Contest Rules. 5. All entries must be consistent with YouTube’s Community Guidelines and Terms of

Service or they will be disqualified. 6. All entries must be consistent with the Scout Law and Scout Oath.

D. By submitting this video, you agree to the following terms:

I hereby assign and grant to the local council and the Boy Scouts of America, as well as their authorized representatives, the right and permission to use and publish the photographs/film/videotapes/electronic representations and/or sound recordings made of me or my child at all Scouting activities, and I hereby release the Boy Scouts of America, the local council, the activity coordinators, and all employees, volunteers, related parties, or other organizations associated with the activity from any and all liability from such use and publication. I further authorize the reproduction, sale, copyright, exhibit, broadcast, electronic storage, and/or distribution of said photographs/film/videotapes/electronic representations and/or sound recordings without limitation at the discretion of the BSA, and I specifically waive any right to any compensation I may have for any of the foregoing.

[Scoring rubric on next page]

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Video Contest Judging Rubric Range Points Time Limit: 1-3 Minutes 0 or 10

The Video time limits for the contest are 1-3 minutes. If the video falls into that span, from the beginning to the end of content the team will be awarded 10 points. Blank screens before or after do not meet the spirit of the rule.

Promotes the Contest Theme 0 to 30

The Theme for the Winterfest 2020 Video Contest is “Through Their Eyes”, looking at Winterfest through the eyes of Youth Participants. This could include competitions, social interaction, training and traveling or all these subjects, as well as any others that are related to the Winterfest experience. The judges will award from 0-30 points.

Promotes Participating at Winterfest

0 to 20

The video should promote why Winterfest has been beneficial to your team, whether it is team building through preparing for competitions or bonding through shared experience, or some other aspect of the Winterfest experience. The judges will award from 0-20 points.

Production Value 0 to 10

We are not looking for production value equal to a Hollywood movie. But are the edits clean and not distracting? Is the soundtrack adding to the overall experience? Was the video planned out so that it has a flow? The judges will award from 0-10 points.

Social Media Sharing/Presence 0 to 20

In order to spread the mission of Winterfest, as well as promote your unit, we really want to see the video shared widely. Points will be awarded based on how many shares, likes or views a video receives from its posting on the Winterfest feeds of Facebook and Instagram. Points will be from 0-20 based on Social Media exposure compared to other contest videos.

Use of Winterfest Footage 0 to 10

Creatively editing in footage from previously attended Winterfests would be a good way to get some bonus points. If your unit has been to Winterfest before, showing footage from that experience (competition, travel, social interaction, etc.) can net up to 10 additional points.

Total Points :

The judges will be looking for creativity and originality, along with videos that tell a story and meet the theme. Think of it as making a commercial for your unit and what the Winterfest experience means to its youth.

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Winterfest 2020 Video Contest Video Submission and Attestation Form

I hereby assign and grant to the Boy Scouts of America, Winterfest, and Winterfest Staff the right and permission to use and publish the photographs, video, electronic representations, and/or sound recordings contained in the content referenced below. Additionally, I hereby release the Boy Scouts of America, Winterfest, and Winterfest Staff from any and all liability from such use and publication.

I hereby authorize the reproduction, sale, copyright, exhibit, broadcast, electronic storage and/or distribution of said photographs/film/video/electronic representations and/or sound recordings without limitation at the discretion of the Boy Scouts of America, Winterfest, and Winterfest Staff, and I specifically waive any right to any compensation I may have for any of the foregoing.

I have secured proper licensing for the music utilized and have supplied credits for same.

Please Print Clearly

Unit Type: Post Crew Ship Troop Unit Number: ____________ Sponsoring Department (for Posts): _________________________________________ Team Member Names: __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Full link to video on Youtube: _____________________________________________ Signature: ________________________________ Date: _________________ This form should be completed and emailed to mgailbailey@gmail.com or sent through Facebook Messenger to BSA Winterfest. It MUST be submitted between November 1, 2019 and January 15, 2020.

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Aquatic Events Attire Note: For those events taking place at the pool proper attire must be worn Males - Swimming trunks with drawstring. Females - One-piece bathing suit or similar (torso must be covered).

Anchor Dive Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Community Center Time: 1:30 pm – 2:30 pm This is a physical challenge, intended for those who are already Lifeguards (BSA, Red Cross, etc.) or strong swimmers. This event is taken directly from the pre-requisites for BSA Lifeguard:

• Starting in the water, swim 20 yards using a front crawl or breaststroke, surface dive 7 to 10 feet, retrieve a 10-pound object, surface, swim with the object 20 yards back to the starting point with both hands holding the object, and exit the water, all within 1 minute and 40 seconds

Scoring: Fastest time wins. Penalties: A 5-second time penalty will be assessed for each instance of improper strokes or not keeping both hands on the object.

Canoe Relay Teams of 2: Walk-Up Location: Community Center Time: 10:00 am – 11:00 am

Participants will paddle a canoe through a course in the pool, going through a set of markers. This event is not about who can paddle a distance the fastest, but rather who can execute a wide range of canoeing strokes and turns most efficiently. (This event is intended only for those that have experience paddling a canoe.) Scoring: Fastest time wins. Penalties: A 5-second time penalty will be assessed for each instance of a team hitting the side of the pool.

Cardboard Boat Regatta Team event: Registration required Location: Community Center Time: 9:00 am – 12:15 pm This challenges units to design, build and navigate boats made entirely of corrugated cardboard and propelled by paddles, oars, etc. The goal is to build the best boat you can and to be able to complete a 25-yard course in the fastest time. You will find this both intriguing

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and challenging. Awards recognize Best Construction, Best Decorated, and - the most coveted award - the Most Spectacular Sinking Award.

You are given two hours to build a boat using the supplies and rules in Addendum #1, additional items may be brought by each unit but must conform to the Rules. Any paint used must be applied and DRY before the event begins or the boat will be disqualified.

Heaving Line Teams of 4: Walk-up Location: Community Center Time: 2:30 pm – 3:30 pm Two groups of 2 face each other, in a column, at a distance of thirty-five (35) feet. A line of 3/8” nylon, 50 feet long and whipped at each end (no weighting, knotting or splicing), is coiled and tossed by person #1, standing within designated marks, to person #2 without the line touching the ground before being caught. The line is then raised by #1 and #2 in order for the judge to signal a fair catch. Any toss not approved must be repeated until approved before the next competitive toss. Person #2 then coils and tosses to #3, #3 tosses to #4, #4 tosses to #1. The last person properly coils the line and holds it overhead as a signal of completion. The clock stops, when eight (8) successful tosses have been accomplished. Contestants may not move out of markings when either tossing or receiving. A maximum of four (4) unsuccessful throws is allowed by each person, then the line will be hand carried to the next member. As #2 is coiling the line,, #3 will enter the square replacing #1. As #3 is coiling the line, #4 will come into the square and replace #2 and so on. Scoring: Best time within a 10 minute limit to successfully complete. The least number of throws is the tiebreaker, if needed.

Knot Tying Relay Teams of 3 to 8: Walk-up Location: Community Center Time: 2:30 pm – 3:30 pm The team must start and end this relay event at attention. On signal, the first member in line will run up and tie the knot assigned by the judge. They return to the line and tag the second member. That person then ties their assigned knot, returns, tags the third person, etc. The required knots are as follows:

Bowline Slipped Reef Knot (slipped square) Bowline on a bight Two half Hitches

Double Carrick bend Figure 8 Sheet Bend Taut Line

Each member should be able to tie all eight knots. Knots will be tied over/around a rail or rope. The line to be used will be 1/4 “to 3/8" of 3-strand nylon. Scoring: Best time wins.

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Lifeguard Relay Teams of 4: Walk-up Location: Community Center Time: 1:30 pm - 2:30 pm In the spirit of the 550-yard swim for BSA Lifeguard, teams of 4 will complete a relay using the Approach Crawl and the Approach Breaststroke. Each stroke will be used twice, so two team members will swim the Approach Crawl, and two team members will swim the Approach Breaststroke. Team members will enter the water using any lifesaving entry, which keeps the head above water. Each team member will swim one length of the pool (25 meters). Scoring: Fastest time wins. Penalties: A 5-second time penalty will be assessed for each instance of improper strokes or the head going underwater during entry.

Mariner’s Quiz Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Community Center Time: 2:30 pm – 3:30 pm A quiz with a 45-minute time limit will be given, consisting of multiple choices, true false and matching, as appropriate. Questions will cover lights, signaling, horns, buoys and markers, radio codes, international code flags, and nomenclature. The test will cover material required for Apprentice and Ordinary rank. Scoring - Percentage of questions answered correctly.

Ring Buoy Toss Teams of 3 (Picked by Judge): Walk-up Location: Community Center Time: 1:30 pm – 2:30 pm All Unit members must report for this event and the Judge will select three (3) members from the Unit’s complement to compete. Each person will have two throws. They will use a life ring on approximately 50 ft. of line and toss it at a 5 ft. wide target, 30 ft. away in the water. A successful throw is counted if the ring buoy lands beyond the target with the line across the target. Time counted from the judge's "GO" until the buoy has been retrieved following the 6th toss. Scoring: 10 points for each successful throw. The maximum score is 60. The unit with the highest score wins. Time will be used as a tie-breaker.

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Rubber Ducky Regatta Individual competition: Walk-Up Location: Community Center Time: 10:00 am - 11:00 am At the judge’s signal, contestants wearing a PFD and carrying/wearing all other objects provided by judges, will swim from the start to the finish line. Scoring: Fastest time wins. Penalties: A 5-second time penalty will be assessed for each lost object.

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Climbing Events Bouldering Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide, Climbing events are closed between noon and 1 pm Back again this year: our ‘horizontal climbing’ structure is ready to challenge all levels of climbers. Bouldering problems will be judged on distance, then time (only the 1st attempt counts). Spotters needed, so bring your cheering section. You're welcome to bring your own shoes, but no barefoot climbing, please!

Caving Challenge - Squeeze Box Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: Preliminary competitions for youth are held at 10 AM and 2 PM. Youth finals are held at 4 PM. Adult competition is held at noon (12 PM). Climbing events are closed between noon and 1 pm. Have you ever wondered how tight a space that you can get through in a cave but didn’t have a cave handy to try it out? How about the effect that stalagmites and stalactites might have on your ability to get through a tight passage? Would your friends on the outside like to see you suffer on the inside of the box? If these questions have kept you up at night then the Squeeze Box is for you. Come watch these guys squeeze thru the box. What’s a squeeze box? It’s a five (5) foot long by three (3) feet wide tunnel with a ceiling that is adjustable in quarter inch increments. Don’t worry if you get stuck, the ceiling is spring loaded and we can get you out quickly. We can also insert up to seven (7) stalagmites just to make things interesting. There is also a Plexiglas window in one of the sides so that everyone outside can see what is going on inside. By the way, the record for the box is six (6) inches, the same length of a dollar bill. What will you be able to do? Winners get to autograph the box!

Climbing Wall Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide, Climbing events are closed between noon and 1 pm

Participants climb the wall with correct commands and responses to your belayer. The climbing wall will be judged on the fastest time to the top and use of proper climbing commands. All climbing equipment provided for participants; you may use your own climbing shoes if you prefer. If you do not have climbing shoes, we recommend stiff-soled shoes (like trail-sneakers) that tie. No barefoot/flip-flops are allowed on the wall.

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Crate Stacking Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide, Climbing events are closed between noon and 1 pm New this year! First, you place a milk-crate on the ground and step up. Your partner hands you another crate and you will have to get that on top of the first one. Continue in this manner. How high can you go before you topple? Who’s going to set the record? Full body harness and helmet provided. Closed toed shoes required.

Rappelling Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide, Climbing events are closed between noon and 1 pm Climb up the stairs to the rafters and test your nerve as you rappel 30 feet to the floor. Harness, helmet, and gloves provided. Closed-toed shoes required. Happiness is found on the way down!

Rope Climb Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide, Climbing events are closed between noon and 1 pm Participants will climb a rope using Prussic loops to the ceiling of the convention center. You are judged on the fastest time to the top and the use of correct commands and responses to your belayer.

V-Squeeze Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide, Climbing events are closed between noon and 1 pm Millions of combinations. See how few obstacles you have to move to make it through. Can you do it backwards? How about tied to a partner?

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V-Swing Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide, Climbing events are closed between noon and 1 pm An element designed to test the capacity for the participant to scream. The element is built of wire rope in the form of a V and suspended approximately 30 feet above the floor. The participant, in a full body harness, ascends a ladder where a haul line is wrapped around the harness with the participant holding the end of the line. The participant’s team then pulls the line, pulling the participant to a height determined by the participant. When the participant feels that they have gone high enough, they release the line to pendulum over a wide arch. At this point the participant’s ability to scream is tested!

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Fire/EMS Events Firefighting Competition Rules

1. Professionalism will be shown at all times. This means no profanity, arguing with judges, unruly conduct, etc.

2. SAFETY is of the utmost importance. Explorers will conduct themselves in a safe manner at all times.

3. If an Explorer argues with the judges, their team is disqualified. Coaches may confer with judges after completion of an event but professionalism must be maintained.

4. No Explorer can participate in any event more than once and teams must be made up of participants from the same post. An Explorer can participate in more than one event, just not more than once in the SAME event. This rule is in effect to allow as many Explorers as possible to participate in each event but still complete the competition in a reasonable amount of time.

5. Order of competition for each event will be selected on a “First Come, First Serve” basis just as in previous years. Explorer teams will register for each event, on the day of the event, during competition hours. Each event will have its own registration located at the site of the event. Online registration is only used to give the sponsoring posts an idea of how many teams will be competing in each event and does not guarantee a specific time for competition. All posts will still need to sign in on a “First Come, First Serve” basis at the time they’re ready to compete in each event.

6. Each event has a Sponsor Post. This person is responsible for managing the event and has final say if any problems occur. The event sponsor is not a judge but will resolve issues among the judges if necessary.

7. Score sheets will be used on some events. In these cases, highest score will be used to place teams. For teams with equal scores, event times will be used to determine order.

8. Timed events’ judging is done by 3 adults - one each from the sponsoring Post, the team competing, and the next team to compete. Each judge will keep an official time. A fourth time is kept by the event sponsor who is used in place of one of the judge’s times if a judge has a stopwatch problem.

9. Three times will be recorded for each run. High and low times are thrown out and the middle time is used as the official time. Times will be kept to the 100th of a second.

10. Sponsoring Posts are allowed to enter teams in the event they sponsor. Whenever a team from the sponsoring Post is competing an impartial judge will be selected from the audience to replace the judge that would normally come from the competing team (so the event sponsor would not have 2 judges from their post).

11. If a team misses their turn in an event, they are placed at the end of that event’s list and given the opportunity to participate when their turn comes up the second time. If they miss the second turn, that team is disqualified from that event.

12. Rulings by the event sponsors in regard to safety issues, rule infractions, or disqualifications are unbiased and final. Disputes or disagreements will be brought to Fire Events Supervisor, not to the event sponsor.

13. Each event has its own rules that must be followed in addition to these general rules.

Wristbands are provided upon check-in and will be checked at each competition site.

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Bleeding Wounds and Shock Team Event: Registration Preferred Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide

Written Test - Will consist of 50 questions, all multiple choice with a time limit of 45 minutes. (The written exam will take place at 8am, and will only be offered at this time.)

Practical – The practical will consist of a patient(s) requiring treatment for signs or symptoms of bleeding wounds and/or shock management. Patient treatment will be scored using the NREMT Psychomotor Examination Score Sheet pictured below. Time will be used as a tie-breaker for teams who score the same number of points.

Required Supplies - All necessary supplies are provided: However, if you prefer, you can bring your own. Please note that a CAT (Combat Action Tourniquet) will also be provided. However, you may provide your own tourniquet so long as it is approved by the trauma commission.

Testing Criteria:

Current AHA guidelines for basic first aid and CPR AAOS standard first aid, CPR, and AED. ISBN 9781284041613 Example Video Link: http://bit.ly/bleedingandshock

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Cardiac Arrest Management / AED Competition Team Event of up to 4 people: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide

Description: 1. This team event will have two parts as a competition.

• Part one is a written exam. Each team member will take the 25-question written exam and scores will be averaged to determine the Team Score. (The written exam will take place at 8am, and will only be offered at this time)

• Part two is a practical exam.

2. The event is designed to evaluate the team as an Emergency Medical Responder in knowledge and hands-on patient care. There will be multiple scenarios of similar difficulty for each station and one will be randomly selected for each team.

3. Scores will be tallied and awarded as First, Second, and Third place. Competition Rules:

1. Professionalism will be shown at all times. This means no profanity, arguing with judges, unruly conduct, etc.

2. SAFETY is of utmost importance. Explorers will conduct themselves in a safe manner at all times. This includes lifting and moving of any patient or equipment.

3. If an Explorer argues with the judges the team is disqualified. Coaches may confer with judges after completion of an event but professionalism must be maintained.

4. Order of competition for each event will be selected on a “First Come, First Serve” basis. The entire team must be present before they can start the competition.

5. During the competition, once a team has entered into the scenario box, they cannot leave for any reason. If any team members leave the scenario competition box, the scenario will stop and the team will be judged based on what they have completed.

6. Any teams caught discussing any of the scenarios with any other teams will be automatically disqualified from the competition. • This includes any advisors discussing information with other teams from the same

Post competing. • This includes sharing any recordings from the scenario.

7. Advisors may observe the scenario, but may not provide the team with direction of any kind.

8. Once the scenario is over, the team may proceed to the next scenario. Please understand, each scenario will be a first come first tested basis.

9. After all teams are tested and scored, the advisors may be allowed to ask about the scenario and their team performance, but may not see the final score sheet until after the final announcement of award is done.

10. All written testing will begin at 8:00am on Saturday. Practical scenarios will begin afterwards.

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Written Exam: (The written exam will take place at 8am and will only be offered at this time.)

1. The Cardiac Arrest Management / AED Competition will be 25 questions, multiple-choice, covering material from the Current AAOS Emergency Medical Responder Textbook 5th Edition. No other source will be used.

2. Each team member will take the exam and the scores will be averaged for a final team score.

Practical Scenario: This is a scenario-based checkoff for Cardiac Arrest Management / AED. The scenario will use the standard National Registry of EMT’s psychomotor skills sheet for the EMR Cardiac Arrest Management / AED. The scenario will utilize a simulated patient where the team will have to interact with the patient.

1. Each team may consist of up to four Explorers. Each team will need to have a designated team leader to communicate with the evaluator during the scenario. Each team member is highly encouraged to communicate with team members in the competition box, but may not communicate with anyone outside the competition box.

2. Teams are to bring the following items with them to competition. • A Fully stocked EMS Responder bag • The bag should contain supplies needed to handle the Cardiac Arrest scenario • A Jump Bag containing only supplies designated for the Emergency Medical

Responder • Body Substance Isolation supplies for each team member *A Long Spine Board and C-Collar will be available for use as needed.

3. When the team is ready, the patient will be uncovered. Time will begin when the team

enters the competition box. 4. Time will end when the patient is placed in the transport box.

Cardiac Arrest Management / AED Scenario Station

1. The team will have to assess and manage a cardiac arrest patient accurately within a 10-minute time period.

2. The patient used will have been given signs and symptoms that a real patient would have. The patient may be moulaged to simulate any look needed to represent a cardiac arrest patient.

3. Each team will be responsible for assessing and managing the patient based on the guidelines in the AAOS Emergency Medical Responder Textbook 5th Edition and American Heart Association BLS Provider Guidelines.

NOTE: QUESTIONS WILL BE ANSWERED AT THE FRIDAY NIGHT MEETING

Team Scoring:

1. All practical competitions will have a 10-minute time limitation. Any team not having the patient in the transportation box will receive a 1-point reduction for each minute they have not completed the competition.

2. The written test scores for each team will be averaged and added to the practical competition score from the Cardiac Arrest Management / AED practical.

3. The team with the highest total team score will be the winning team.

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Scoring Matrix: Post # Combined

Averaged Team Score from

Written Exam

Score from Trauma

Assessment

Total Team Score

Max 50 possible Max 50 possible Max 100 possible

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Cherokee Drill Team Event (4 people): Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide Instructions:

1. Member 1 will begin the event in street clothes (except footwear but socks must be on) behind the start line. (Remaining team members will be properly dressed in full structural PPE including SCBA [no face piece] in pre- determined locations.)

2. On the command of “GO” member 1 will quick dress in full PPE including SCBA (no face piece) then proceed to the door prop, pick up the K-12 saw from the staging area, make two (2) simulated downward cuts along the identified area. When cuts are completed the K-12 will be placed back in the staging area and the member can proceed to and must tag member 2.

3. Once member 2 is tagged they leave their bench and pick up the hose attached to a tire and drag it 25 feet until it completely crosses the marked line. A portion of the tire must remain in contact with the ground for the entirety of the drag. Once it crosses the line member 2 must tag member 3.

4. Once member 3 is tagged they leave their bench. Member 3 crawls along a 50-foot section of 1¾” hose to a victim (no bear crawls allowed). The victim (110lb dummy) will be dragged 10 feet and must completely cross the identified line. Once the victim is across the line, member 3 must tag member 4.

5. Once member 4 is tagged they will leave their bench and hit a tire 10 feet using horizontal chops with an (8 pound) sledgehammer until it completely crosses the marked line. The sledgehammer will be located inside the tire at the beginning of the event and must be placed back inside the tire once member 4 has completed the tire hitting. Once the tire crosses the line and the sledgehammer is relocated to the center of the tire, member 4 will crawl through a 24-inch pipe approximately 6 feet long and cross the marked finish line.

6. Time will stop when member 4 completely crosses the designated finish line. 7. Each participant, with the exception of member 4, will take a seat at the next member’s

bench after tagging that member of the team. Penalties (each is 5 seconds)

1. Leaving the bench or staging box prior to being tagged 2. Any prop that does not completely cross the designated line 3. Not placing K-12 back in designated staging area 4. Allowing the dragged tire to lose contact with the ground

Penalties (each is 10 seconds)

1. Any member not properly dressed 2. Any compromise or loss of any PPE at any time during the drill 3. Losing contact with the hose line, (straddling is OK) 4. Failure to maintain control of the sledgehammer 5. Dropping the K-12 saw

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Denver Drill Team Event (4 people, 2 teams max): Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide In this event participants will breach a wall and perform a rescue on the downed firefighter within the Denver Drill prop. Teams will be composed of 4 participants per team with a 2-team maximum per post. All participants will be in full personal protective equipment and SCBA (no mask) and begin in the starting box on their knees. The event will start with Ready, Set, Go. Once the "Go" command is given, the participants will start the evolution. The four participants will crawl to the wall (dimensions in figure 1) and breach through the 2 X 4 construction wall. Two team members shall perform a low profile breach through point 'A' and two team members shall perform the breach method of their choosing through point 'B'. A rescuer will sound the floor of the prop (with provided tool) and make entry into the window of the Denver Drill prop to begin the rescue of the downed firefighter. The downed firefighter will be on their back with feet toward the window, legs fully extended and not touching the wall (a block will be used to ensure consistent placement). The downed firefighter will be a live victim in full PPE and SCBA weighing 175 lbs. A second rescuer will assist the first rescuer with the victim. The third and fourth rescuer shall assist with safely removing the victim from the window. A demonstration video can be found at http://bit.ly/FDVES Time stops when all rescuers and the victim are completely within the finish box and the officer announces PAR. Penalties and Disqualifications Penalties: Penalties will be in 10 second increments for each infraction

1. Personal Protective Equipment not properly donned (loose straps, missing equipment, etc). All defective gear must be reported to event staff before evolutions start, failure to report gear defects can result in penalties assessed to the team.

2. Any compromise or loss of any PPE at any time during the evolution. 3. Leaving the starting box before the "Go" command 4. Not staying low during approach to wall, breach of wall and re-donning of air pack (for

low profile breach) 5. Failure to maintain control of left (regulator side) strap of SCBA. This strap shall not be

released by the rescuer at any point in the low profile breach. 6. Failure to bring victim to "Finish" box.

Disqualifications: 1. Running, Cursing, Arguing 2. Skipping functional steps to the evolution 3. Failure to maintain safety of participants or victim. 4. Reckless destruction of any portion of the props.

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Provided tool: The provided tool is a broom handle 36” long to simulate a halligan – minimizing risk of injury to the victim and damage to the prop.

Low Profile area “A” = 14” x 15.5” area “B” = 14.5” x 32”

Height from window to interior floor = 42” Victim will be placed with feet 3” from window wall on back

Denver Drill Prop

8 feet

8.125 feet

Start 20 feet Finish 20 feet

Top view

Front View

B A 52 “

28 “

31.5”

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Denver Drill Score Sheet Department Team

Time

Total Time Deductions

Final Time Penalties Seconds # Penalties Total Not Voicing "SCBA Fully Charged" 10 Controlling Tools 10 Leaving the Start Box Early 10 Not staying low during approach to the wall 10 Failure to maintain control of left strap of SCBA 10 Failure to sweep the floor prior to sounding the floor 10 Failure to sound the floor 10 Reckless behavior during any portion of the drill 10 Failure to have control while removing the victim 10 Failure to having control while removing the rescuer 10 Failure to bring victim across the finish line 10 Failure to voice "Par of 4 members" 10

Total

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Emergency Medical Competition Team Event of up to 4 people: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide

Description: 1. This team event will have two parts as a competition.

• Part one is a written exam. Each team member will take the 25-question written exam and scores will be averaged to determine the Team Score. (The written exam will take place at 8am, and will only be offered at this time)

• Part two is a practical exam.

2. The event is designed to evaluate the team as an Emergency Medical Responder in knowledge and hands-on patient care. There will be multiple scenarios of similar difficulty for each station and one will be randomly selected for each team.

3. Scores will be tallied and awarded as First, Second, and Third place. Competition Rules:

1. Professionalism will be shown at all times. This means no profanity, arguing with judges, unruly conduct, etc.

2. SAFETY is of utmost importance. Explorers will conduct themselves in a safe manner at all times. This includes lifting and moving of any patient or equipment.

3. If an Explorer argues with the judges the team is disqualified. Coaches may confer with judges after completion of an event but professionalism must be maintained.

4. Order of competition for each event will be selected on a “First Come, First Serve” basis. The entire team must be present before they can start the competition.

5. During the competition, once a team has entered into the scenario box, they cannot leave for any reason. If any team members leave the scenario competition box, the scenario will stop and the team will be judged based on what they have completed.

6. Any teams caught discussing any of the scenarios with any other teams will be automatically disqualified from the competition. • This includes any advisors discussing information with other teams from the same

Post competing. • This includes sharing any recordings from the scenario.

7. Advisors may observe the scenario, but may not provide the team with direction of any kind.

8. Once the scenario is over, the team may proceed to the next scenario. Please understand, each scenario will be a first come first tested basis.

9. After all teams are tested and scored, the advisors may be allowed to ask about the scenario and their team performance, but may not see the final score sheet until after the final announcement of award is done.

10. All written testing will begin at 8:00am on Saturday. Practical scenarios will begin afterwards.

Written Exam: (The written exam will take place at 8am and will only be offered at this time.)

1. The Emergency Medical Competition will be 25 questions, multiple-choice, covering

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material from the Current AAOS Emergency Medical Responder Textbook 5th Edition. No other source will be used.

2. Each team member will take the exam and the scores will be averaged for a final team score.

Practical Scenario: This is a scenario based checkoff for Medical. The scenario will use the standard National Registry of EMT’s – EMR Patient Assessment/Management – Medical psychomotor skills sheets. The scenario will utilize a simulated patient where the team will have to interact with the patient.

1. Each team may consist of up to four Explorers. Each team will need to have a designated team leader to communicate with the evaluator during the scenario. Each team member is highly encouraged to communicate with team members in the competition box, but may not communicate with anyone outside the competition box.

2. Teams are to bring the following items with them to competition. • A Fully stocked EMS Responder bag • The bag should contain supplies needed to handle the medical scenario • A Jump Bag containing only supplies designated for the Emergency Medical

Responder • Body Substance Isolation supplies for each team member *A Long Spine Board and C-Collar will be available for use as needed.

3. When the team is ready, the patient will be uncovered. Time will begin when the team

enters the competition box. 4. Time will end when the patient is placed in the transport box.

Medical Scenario Station

1. The team will have to assess and manage a medical patient accurately within a 15-minute time period.

2. The patient used will have been given signs and symptoms that a real patient would have. The patient may be moulaged to simulate any look needed to represent a medical patient.

3. Each team will be responsible for assessing and managing the patient based on the guidelines in the AAOS Emergency Medical Responder Textbook 5th Edition.

NOTE: QUESTIONS WILL BE ANSWERED AT THE FRIDAY NIGHT MEETING

Team Scoring:

1. All practical competitions will have a 15-minute time limitation. Any team not having the patient in the transportation box will receive a 1-point reduction for each minute they have not completed the competition.

2. The written test scores for each team will be averaged and added to the practical competition score from the medical practical.

3. The team with the highest total team score will be the winning team.

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Scoring Matrix:

Post # Combined

Averaged Team Score from

Written Exam

Score from Medical

Assessment

Total Team Score

Max 50 possible Max 50 possible Max 100 possible

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Emergency Trauma Competition Team Event of up to 4 people: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide

Description: 1. This team event will have two parts as a competition.

• Part one is a written exam. Each team member will take the written exam and scores will be averaged to determine the Team Score. (The written exam will take place at 8am, and will only be offered at this time)

• Part two is a practical exam.

2. The event is designed to evaluate the team as an Emergency Medical Responder in knowledge and hands-on patient care. There will be multiple scenarios of similar difficulty for each station and one will be randomly selected for each team.

3. Scores will be tallied and awarded as First, Second, and Third place. Competition Rules:

1. Professionalism will be shown at all times. This means no profanity, arguing with judges, unruly conduct, etc.

2. SAFETY is of utmost importance. Explorers will conduct themselves in a safe manner at all times. This includes lifting and moving of any patient or equipment.

3. If an Explorer argues with the judges the team is disqualified. Coaches may confer with judges after completion of an event but professionalism must be maintained.

4. Order of competition for each event will be selected on a “First Come, First Serve” basis. The entire team must be present before they can start the competition.

5. During the competition, once a team has entered into the scenario box, they cannot leave for any reason. If any team members leave the scenario competition box, the scenario will stop and the team will be judged based on what they have completed.

6. Any teams caught discussing any of the scenarios with any other teams will be automatically disqualified from the competition. • This includes any advisors discussing information with other teams from the same

Post competing. • This includes sharing any recordings from the scenario.

7. Advisors may observe the scenario, but may not provide the team with direction of any kind.

8. Once the scenario is over, the team may proceed to the next scenario. Please understand, each scenario will be a first come first tested basis.

9. After all teams are tested and scored, the advisors may be allowed to ask about the scenario and their team performance, but may not see the final score sheet until after the final announcement of award is done.

10. All written testing will begin at 8:00am on Saturday. Practical scenarios will begin afterwards.

Written Exam: (The written exam will take place at 8am and will only be offered at this time.)

1. The Emergency Trauma Competition will be 25 questions, multiple-choice, covering

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material from the Current AAOS Emergency Medical Responder 5th Edition Textbook. No other source will be used.

2. Each team member will take the exam and the scores will be averaged for a final team score.

Practical Scenario: This is a scenario based checkoff for Trauma. The scenario will use the standard National Registry of EMT’s – EMR Patient Assessment/Management – Trauma psychomotor skills sheets. The scenario will utilize a simulated patient where the team will have to interact with the patient.

1. Each team may consist of up to four Explorers. Each team will need to have a designated team leader to communicate with the evaluator during the scenario. Each team member is highly encouraged to communicate with team members in the competition box, but may not communicate with anyone outside the competition box.

2. Teams are to bring the following items with them to competition. • A Fully stocked EMS Responder bag • The bag should contain supplies needed to handle the Trauma scenario • A Jump Bag containing only supplies designated for the Emergency Medical

Responder • C-Collars (1 of each size or adjustable) • Long spine board with strapping system (1 per team) • Body Substance Isolation supplies for each team member *A Long Spine Board and C-Collar will be available for use as needed.

3. When the team is ready, the patient will be uncovered. Time will begin when the team

enters the competition box. 4. Time will end when the patient is placed in the transport box.

Trauma Scenario Station

1. The team will have to assess, manage and package for transport a trauma patient within a 10-minute time period.

2. The patient used will be moulaged to look and properly respond like a trauma patient would in the field.

3. Each team will be responsible for assessing and managing the patient based on the guidelines in the AAOS Emergency Medical Responder 5th Edition Textbook.

NOTE: QUESTIONS WILL BE ANSWERED AT THE FRIDAY NIGHT MEETING

Team Scoring:

1. All practical competitions will have a 10-minute time limitation. Any team not having the patient in the transportation box will receive a 1-point reduction for each minute they have not completed the competition.

2. The written test scores for each team will be averaged and added to the practical competition score from the trauma practical.

3. The team with the highest total team score will be the winning team.

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Scoring Matrix: Post # Combined Averaged

Team Score from Written Exam

Score from Trauma

Assessment

Total Team Score

Max 50 possible Max 50 possible Max 100 possible

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Rapid Dress – Team and Individual Team Event of 4 people: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide Description of event This is a simulated event that represents the explorers readying themselves for structural firefighting. Rules: Individual and team timing will be done at the same time. This event requires 6 timers. Each competing Explorer will have an individual timer. In addition, there will be a timer from the participating post and one from the upcoming post to help with the overall timing of the team. Competing post will be on a first come first serve basis. Each post advisor will fill out a card consisting of each Explorer’s first and last name, the competing post name, and post number and council.

1. Each team will consist of 4 eligible Explorers. 2. If the competing post has less than 4 members participating, then there will be no team

time but each Explorer will have an individual time. Any extra members will be allowed to participate in individual times only.

3. Each Explorer is only allowed to participate once. 4. Four (4) chairs will be placed in a line facing another set of 4 chairs for the next

participating post. 5. Only one post will be competing at one time. 6. Participating Explorers will have an individual timer in front of them. 7. The hosting post will supply 4 packs that will be ISI Ranger training packs with steel

bottles without air in them for safety purposes. 8. Face pieces will not be needed. 9. Posts are allowed to bring their own SCBA packs that they have been practicing with as

long as they were, or are, NFPA compliant packs. Regulators can be removed to prevent injury or damage to equipment.

10. Explorers will be allowed to position their gear and packs as needed in any fashion they wish after their SCBA packs are inspected.

11. For safety "no Explorer" will be allowed to don their SCBA packs over their heads unless their helmets are affixed to their head.

12. SCBA packs will have all straps extended to their maximum position and will be inspected by the Explorer’s individual timer. Once the timer has checked the pack, the Explorer will then be allowed to reposition the pack but must not touch the straps on the SCBA pack.

13. The Explorer at this time will be asked about any problems with their gear and that will be communicated to their individual timer.

14. The four (4) competing Explorers will then be instructed to be seated in their chairs with their backs against the upright of the chair before being allowed to lean forward in their ready position. Explorers will not be allowed to touch their gear until they are given the go command. The command will be as follows: “Ready, Set, Go”. Explorers will then don all protective equipment including their SCBA.

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15. Once the explorer has completed donning their equipment the timer will stop the clock when the Explorer claps their hands together. Once this happens the Explorer will then raise both hands above their head for inspection. Gear cannot be touched until the timer has inspected the key items on the scoring sheet.

Scoring Sheet Penalties – 50 Points Possible Each point value represents the max points for that category. Loose or improperly donned gear will result in fewer points depending on how loose or improper it is.

• Waist strap – 10 pts o Waist strap not buckled at all will be 10 points deducted. Deductions will vary

depending on how loose it is upon completion. • Gloves not fully on – 10 pts

o Deduction for gloves not fully on will range from 1 to 10 points. • Shoulder Straps – 10 pts

o Deductions will depend on where the air pack is resting and how loose the shoulder straps are. If straps are not pulled at all, that will be 10 points. Each side will be 5 points each. One side pulled and the other not pulled will be 5 points deducted.

• Hood – 10 pts o Points deducted will depend on fit, if it the hood is on properly, and how much

hair is showing. Forgetting to put the hood on will be 10 points deducted. Points will also be deducted if it is not pulled over the head fully.

• Helmet – 10 pts o If the helmet is not fastened or falls off after it is put on will be 10 points

deducted. Depending on how loose it is after completion will determine how many points will be deducted.

List of equipment

• 4 folding chairs • 4 compliant SCBA packs (regulators can be removed) • Structural firefighting boots • Structural firefighting pants • Structural firefighting jacket • Structural firefighting flash hood • Structural firefighting helmet (shield can be removed) • Structural firefighting gloves

Rapid Rescue and Resuscitate Team Event of 4 people: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide

Objectives: The purpose of this event is to test the individual’s mental endurance, and the team dynamics at the most stressful time on the fire ground (Firefighter Down). This event simulates a fire crew managing a downed firefighter that goes into cardiac arrest. This event will be set up with two firefighters at the nozzle with a mannequin and two outside as the rapid intervention crew. Time will start on the “GO” command, at which time one of the

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firefighters at the nozzle will shout “Mayday, Mayday, Mayday! Firefighter Down.” At this point, the Rapid Intervention Crew (of two) will then crawl, following the hose line and make their way to the downed firefighter. After the ’Mayday’ is called, the initial group of two at the nozzle can begin packaging the downed firefighter. Packaging the downed firefighter will consist of:

• Opening the bypass valve on the downed firefighter’s regulator. • Securing the waist strap by placing it underneath one of the downed firefighter’s legs,

and reconnecting it.

Once the downed firefighter is secured using the above method, the remaining crew members must drag the downed firefighter along the hose line and across the start/finish line. Once all members are across the start/finish line you may begin your firefighter CPR as demonstrated in the following video: https://bit.ly/FDCPR. Time will not stop until both hands/arms are pulled completely out of the jacket, and compressions are resumed. Each penalty constitutes 10 seconds added to your final time. Penalties will be issued for the following violations.

• Failing to verbalize the Mayday call • RIC starting before the Mayday is called • Standing up before crossing the start/finish line • Not packing the downed firefighter properly • Not crossing the line with the downed firefighter • Not completing a step in the CPR • Anytime CPR is stopped, once it has been started, except when the jacket is removed

from the victim in the final step • Any unsafe act

Participants must wear full PPE with an air pack until they cross the start/finish line with the mannequin at which time participants may remove whatever they deem necessary.

Triple Lay Team Event of 4 people: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide This event is performed using a hose bed prop and 6-foot tail section of 1.5 or 1.75 inch hose that will already be connected, three 50 foot joints of 1.5 or 1.75 inch hose, and a nozzle. The prop represents an engine cross lay bed. The hose bed itself is 80 inches long, 10.5 inches wide, and 10.5 inches high. The prop itself sits on the floor and a person of average height can comfortably load hose without having to kneel over or stretch high. Event Description: The four-man team will have pre-rolled the three sections of hose however they wish and the sections of hose along with the nozzle will be placed in a marked area on the floor. No flaking of the hose and no throwing the hose will be allowed. No running during the event is allowed. When time starts, the team can assemble the hose and nozzle however they wish, as long as the three-layer loop with an S shape and the nozzle attached is accomplished, with the nozzle on top. The 6-foot tail section will already be connected and the hose sections will then be connected to the tail section by the team. The instructions for a Triple Lay load are included in

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NFPA Fundamentals of Fire Fighter Skills Third Edition. When loading the triple lay onto the hose bed, the entire length does not have to be picked up, but can be dragged along the floor to the hose bed, since this is only a four-man team. Neatness does count. Both sides of the triple lay, when laying in the hose bed, should be identical. In other words, if you have extended loops of hose on one side of the hose bed on the bottom layer, then the other side should be the same. Folds should be as neat as possible and should be in the same location as practicable. Once the triple lay is loaded properly, the judge will give the signal immediately and the team should deploy the hose lay correctly. The team should grasp the nozzle and top fold of hose, and walk away from the hose bed until the entire load is out of the bed. When the load is out of the bed, the cadet should drop the fold and extend the nozzle the remaining distance. The team will be required to stretch the hose line out to the 140-foot mark. At that point, time will stop. In this event the proper loading and deployment of the hose lay is key. Each team that performs each aspect of the load correctly will then be judged on its time.

Vent, Enter, Search Team Event of (4 people, 2 teams max): Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide Teams will be composed of four members per team with a two team maximum per post. All members will be in full personal protective equipment and SCBA (no mask) and will begin inside the starting box. The event will start with Ready, Set, Go. Once the “Go” command is given the participants will start the evolution. All members will voice, “SCBA is Fully Charged.”

• Two members will move to the tool area. • Member 1 will be handed a flashcard depicting a scene to report a basic size up. They

will then voice their size up over the mobile radio. • Member 2 will vocalize “Breaking Glass” and will then simulate clearing a window.

Starting at the top corner they will clear the rest of the window following along the edges of the window.

• Member 3 will sweep under window frame to verify no victim(s) are there and then will sound the floor. They will make entry into the bedroom, take control of the bedroom door, and search the room for potential victim(s). They will vocalize over the mobile radio “Victim Located” when they have located the victim.

• Member 4 will stage at the window with the Thermal Imaging Camera and will help Member 3 locate the door and the victim(s) inside the room.

• Members 1 and 2 will be responsible for transporting the victim(s) that Member 3 located to the starting box. Once all members, victim(s), and tools are accounted for in the starting box, Member 1 will call PAR and time will stop.

The intent of this event is to be precise in each step and not in the time. Time is important in any rescue; however, skill and technique are the goals.

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Warning: This event will have artificial smoke and heat. Disqualifications:

1. Running, Cursing, Arguing. 2. Skipping functional steps to the evolution. 3. Failure to maintain safety of participants or victim. 4. Reckless destruction of any portion of the props.

Provided tools:

1. Irons (Halligan and Axe) 2. 6 ft Pike Pole 3. Thermal Imaging Camera 4. Mobile Radios

Time

Total Time Deductions

Final Time

Penalties

Points

# of Penalties

Total

Not voicing “SCBA Fully Charged” 1 Failure to control tools 1 Leaving the start box early 1 Member 1 not performing size up over the mobile radio

1

Failure to voice “Breaking Glass” 1 Failure to clear the window correctly 1 Failure to sweep underneath the window prior to sounding the floor

1

Failure to sound the floor 1 Failure to control the door to the room prior to the search

1

Failure to perform search 1 Failure to direct search with TIC 1 Failure to voice “Victims Located” 1 Failure to find victim(s) 1 Failure to control victim(s) 1 Failure to properly exit the window (no head first slides)

1

Failure to have all members, victim(s), and tools in the start box

1

Failure to voice “PAR with 4 members” 1 Total

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Z-Drag Please note that this has changed from previous years. Team Event of 4 people: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide Scope: The purpose of this event is to expose the Explorers to the basics of ropes and knots as well as the rigging of a 3:1 raise system. This year will be slightly different because this system will be tied to the litter basket and not attached to another line. Please take note of the changes.

Equipment: 200’ Rescue Rope 2 Pre-Tied Prusiks 3 Carabiners 2 Prusik Minding Pulleys 1 Weighted Rescue Litter

This event will consist of a team of 4 explorers. The event will be timed in a traditional manner from the words “Ready, Set, GO”. Once this command is given all work can be completed simultaneously. There will also be a score sheet for this event.

Clothing Requirements: This event will be conducted in turn out gear without air packs. The system may be constructed without wearing gloves; however, gloves must be donned prior to hauling on the mainline.

Explorer 1 will be responsible for completing the anchor in any manner possible with the webbing provided and a carabiner. The anchor will be marked. There are many different anchors so any anchor that the competing Post feels comfortable using for the purpose of this event will be fine. Use a Water Knot if the webbing is going to be tied together in a loop.

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Explorer 2 will advance the rope to the rescue litter. The explorer will then secure the rope directly to the litter using an approved life safety knot. For example, a Bowline with an overhand or Yosemite, or a figure 8 follow through. The figure 8 does not require a safety knot. The system will be tied directly to the rescue litter not “piggy back” like it was in years past.

Explorer 3 will use the rescue rope, anchor rigged by Explorer 1, pulley, carabiner, and one prusik to construct the progress capture portion of the Z drag. Explorer 3 will attach the pulley to the rescue rope, and then attach the pulley to the anchor. Next, they will attach the prusik to the side of the rescue rope going down to the litter. Then the prusik will be attached to the anchor at the location of the pulley. Only one prusik is required for the progress capture.

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Explorer 4 will use a prusik, pulley, and a carabiner to create and attach the haul cam portion of the Z-drag. Explorer 4 will attach a prusik to the load side of the rescue rope. Then they will attach a pulley to the prusik using a carabiner. The haul cam cannot be attached past the designated line that will represent the edge.

Note: Even though the Explorers have different pre-determined tasks any Explorer on that team may make the connection of the different parts. (i.e., the anchor to the 3:1.) They can help each other constructing any part of the Z-drag.

Once the 3:1 system has been completed the entire explorer team will haul the rescue litter to a pre-determined location on the floor that will be marked by tape. The tape will be at a distance so that the Explorers will have to reset the system. It will not be one continuous pull and the time will stop once the end of the rescue litter has crossed the tape.

Video demonstration: http://bit.ly/BSAWFzdrag

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Z-Drag Score Sheet: Post Number

Team Name

City

Z-Drag Check off

Possible Points Score

Rigged appropriate anchor 1

Tie proper water knot on anchor 1

Use approved knot tied to litter 1

Rigged progress capture properly 1

Tied prusik knot for progress capture 1

Rigged haul cam properly 1

Tied prusik knot for haul cam 1

Remained behind the edge line while hauling 1

All members wore gloves while hauling 2

All carabiners are locked prior to hauling 2

s

Possible Total Actual Total

12

Time :

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Law Enforcement • The competitions in this portion of the guide are open only to Law Enforcement

Explorers. The Individual Tactical Fitness will accommodate Fire/EMS posts with one person from each agency, not a team.

• Each Post may submit up to four (4) teams with a maximum of four (4) Explorers on each team in addition to the Uniform Inspection competition, Written Exam, Fitness Challenge, and Officer Survival. One (1) team equals one (1) competition for that team due to time and space constraints.

• Once your registration is complete, we will assign you to a competition(s). If possible, we will attempt to give you at least one of your preferred events. ALL DECISIONS ARE FINAL. You are not allowed to swap competitions with another Post.

Accident Investigation Hosted by the Fuquay-Varina Police Department (NC) Team Event: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration The team will respond to a traffic accident involving a vehicle and a pedestrian (fatality). Grades are based on the assignment of responsibilities at the scene, techniques of accident investigation, field sketch, interview of the driver or witnesses, accident report, and traffic citations issued, if required. The vehicle will simulate a collision with a pedestrian, using taped or real skid marks, debris, and a pedestrian dummy. The team will be provided with measuring devices, notepaper, writing utensils, traffic citations, and an accident investigation notebook. You will have 30 minutes to complete the competition. The Fuquay-Varina Police Department will be hosting this event and is based out of North Carolina. They will be able to provide report documents from North Carolina. If you are not based out of NC, be sure to bring some copies of your state’s accident report form in case you are selected for this event.

Active Shooter Hosted by the Rockdale County Sheriff’s Office (GA) Team Event: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration The scenario will require Patrol’s response to an Active Shooter in a school or public building. The active shooter will not be contained and poses an imminent risk of death or serious injury to potential victims. The scenario will be a dynamic situation that requires an immediate deployment by first responding Patrol Officers and will be evaluated using the National Tactical Officers Association’s standards of Patrol Response to Active Shooter.

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Bomb Threat Response Hosted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Team Event 2-4 people: Registration required, only 16 teams may compete Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration Each team will consist of two (2) to four (4) explorers. The explorer team will be acting as patrol officers, not as an EOD team or bomb squad, responding to a reported bomb threat. The team will be graded on their:

1) Response and arrival 2) Their preliminary investigation with persons on the scene 3) Decisions to (and methods of) investigation, evacuation, search, re-occupancy, and

summons of additional resources, 4) Decisions and procedures if/when a suspicious device is located 5) Conclusion of the scenario. The majority of the scenario and scoring for this event

will follow the Learning for Life Study Guide for Bomb Threat Response.

Burglary in Progress Hosted by the Harlem High School (GA) Team Event 2-4 people: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration Explorers will get a call to a burglar alarm, find an open door, and have to clear the building looking for signs that someone may have entered the building. There may or may not be a suspect inside.

Crime Scene Competition Hosted by the Fuquay-Varina Police Department (NC) Team Event 2-4 people: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration

Teams will consist of two (2) to four (4) explorers. Each team will have 30 minutes to process the crime scene based on the scenario. Each team member should be familiar with all aspects of crime scene processing. All materials will be provided by the host agency. Red guns ARE NOT required.

Crisis Negotiation Hosted by Spartanburg County Sheriff’s Office (SC) Team Event up to 5 people: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on Registration Your Crisis Negotiation team has been sent to a residence where multiple domestic calls have been received in the past. The caller is believed to be a resident and is talking about harming himself or others. Participant must make contact with the caller and determine what steps to take for a successful resolution of the incident. This may or may not include

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finding out who may be in the home, what weapons may be involved, what circumstances have caused the event, etc. The event will take approximately 45 total minutes with evaluation and Explorers should wear full duty belts with red/blue/orange guns and handcuffs. Grading standards will be explained during event briefing.

Domestic Violence Hosted by the Paducah Police Department (KY) Team Event: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration This competition will be graded on the following:

1. Officer Safety; 2. Separation, mediation, and interview skills; 3. Determination of a primary aggressor, if there is one; 4. Handcuffing technique; 5. Collection of evidence; and 6. Whether the victim was advised of available services. If the arrest is made, on

what charge(s) and why?

*Note: This scenario is run in conjunction with the Domestic Violence Trial. As in real life, failure to attend the probable cause hearing event will result in the dismissal of charges and disqualification from both events.

Domestic Violence Trial Hosted by the Brookhaven Police Department (GA) Team Event: Registration for Domestic Violence Required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration

After first responding to the Domestic Violence scenario, Explorers will participate in a probable cause hearing for the offender(s). Explorers will participate in a direct-examination and cross-examination to establish the basis for any criminal charges brought in that event. Only one Explorer will testify, but he or she may testify to the actions of the entire team and refer to any notes gathered by any member of the team. For the purpose of the scenario, Explorers will be expected to utilize the offense titles and types used in their state for crimes related to Domestic Violence. The scenario will last approximately thirty minutes. Explorers will be judged on preparedness, courtroom presentation and demeanor, factualness and details, and the ability to correctly establish the elements of the applicable laws. *Note: This scenario is run in conjunction with the Domestic Violence Scenario. As in real life, failure to attend the probable cause hearing event will result in the dismissal of charges and disqualification from both events.

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Drug Identification Hosted by the Union County Sheriff’s Office (TN) Team Event of 2 people: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration

The team will consist of (2) two explorers. This is a 15-minute time limited event. The team will be placed in a room at a table with a photo album book, drug identification bible and an answer sheet. The team will work together to identify photos of pharmaceutical and narcotic drugs that are numbered in the photo book. A drug bible will be provided for each team during the event. (It is suggested that the teams study and learn how to use a drug identification bible).

DUI Traffic Stop Hosted by the Union County Sheriff’s Office (TN) Team Event min of 2 people: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration The team will consist of at least 2 explorers, (a back-up car of 1 or 2 explorers is optional). No more than 4 explorers on this team. This is a 20-minute time limited event. It should be noted that the sobriety evaluations will follow the current National Highway Safety Administration (N.H.T.S.A.) standards, such as the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN), Walk & Turn, and One Leg Stand. Each team will be given a written out scenario showing the events leading up to the traffic stop and time will start when the team gets out of the patrol car, which will already be positioned behind the suspect vehicle. The suspect may or may not be simulating an intoxicated driver and the team must react to the scenario as it develops. The judges will be looking for the following: Proper Approach, Contact/Cover, and Verbal Skills with suspect, Communication with each other, Observation Skills, Investigative Skills, Arrest Techniques, Overall Officers Safety, Vehicle Inventory and Communications with Dispatch throughout the event. (Judges will be your dispatch).

Employment Interview Practical Hosted by the Morgan County Sheriff’s Office (GA) Individual Event: Registration required (1 youth per Post, 24 Posts max) Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registrations received Explorers will interview for a patrol officer position with a panel of 3 to 5 interviewers. Explorers will complete a very simplistic one-page application before entering the interview. Explorers will be asked questions related to skills, traits, and education. Possible questions include: How to overcome challenges; What traits should an officer have and why?; and What’s your greatest strength? There will also be scenario type questions. For example, “What would you do if you found a fellow officer asleep on duty in the patrol car?” Explorers will be graded on appearance, demeanor, speech, completeness of answers, and justifications of answers. There will be no

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critique given at the time of the competition. Suggestions and tips from the interview board that will help an Explorer have a successful job interview will be provided with the score sheets at the awards ceremony.

Felony Traffic Stop Hosted by the St. Johns County Sheriff’s Office (FL) and Gulf Shores PD (AL) Team Event of 2 people: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration

You and your partners have been dispatched to a reported armed robbery at a local bank. You receive a lookout on the vehicle and at least two armed suspects. While in route to the call, you observe a vehicle matching the description coming from the location. You and your secondary unit initiate a felony traffic stop on the vehicle. You will be graded on how safely you remove the occupants utilizing proper cover and contact officers. In addition, you will be graded on proper person and vehicle search techniques. This exercise utilizes two patrol vehicles operating as two-man units. You are expected to safely execute the stop from beginning until vehicle impound.

Forensic Fingerprinting Hosted by the Columbia County School District (GA) Team Event: Maximum of two Explorers, 20 minutes Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration

Explorers will have to interview a victim/observe a crime scene, locate a latent print in the crime scene, lift the print, classify the print and identify 10 to 12 minutiae with a known print to confirm a match. The Explorers will have 20 minutes to complete the scenario. All equipment necessary to complete the scenario will be supplied by the hosting agency. Be sure to review the Forensic Fingerprinting training slides at bit.ly/BSAWF-fingerprints.

Individual Tactical Fitness Challenge Hosted by the Gwinnett County Sheriff’s Office (GA) Individual Event: Walk-Up Location: Convention Center Time: See pocket guide

TACTICAL FITNESS CHALLENGE INTRO: The Tactical Fitness Challenge is designed to test both the physical and mental stamina of a competitor. All competitors shall wear safety glasses (provided by GCSO) while competing in this event. Safety is paramount and any safety violations will result in a disqualification and the competitor will be removed from the event area. Advisors are welcome to run alongside their competitor providing encouragement throughout the course, but must wear safety glasses while on the event floor. All competitors must surrender a completed 2020 Physical Activities Readiness Questionnaire prior to competing.

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STATION ONE / SUSPECT IDENTIFICATION: Competitor will be shown a mugshot and given five seconds to memorize the photograph before being instructed to proceed to the next station. STATION TWO / BURPEES: Competitors will sprint from the starting line to the burpees’ station. The competitor begins this station at the position of attention. The competitor will be given thirty-seconds to perform as many burpees within that timeframe. If the competitor cannot complete any more burpees, but time still remains for the station, the competitor must patiently wait for the entire thirty-seconds prior to moving to the next station. Each properly completed burpee deducts one-second from the total event time. STATION THREE / WEIGHTED VEST RUN: Competitor dons a weighted vest and navigates through the serpentine and over/under obstacles. Once through the obstacles the competitor removes the weighted vest and moves onto the next station. STATION FOUR / PUSH-UPS: The competitor begins this station at the front leaning rest position. The competitor will be given thirty-seconds to perform as many push-ups within that timeframe. The chest must touch the observer’s fist in the down position in order to be counted. Resting is only allowed in the front leaning rest position. If the competitor cannot complete any more push-ups, but time still remains for the station, the competitor must patiently wait for the entire thirty-seconds prior to moving to the next station. Each properly completed push-up deducts one-second from the total event time. STATION FIVE / HIGH-STRESS SHOOTING: Competitors will sprint to the shooting station where they will select one of the Glock style airsoft pistols and assumes a high ready stance. The observer will call out a color and two numbers. The competitor may then shoot both targets identified by the observer. If the target is hit but does not fall over, it will still be counted as a hit. Although this station is timed for thirty-seconds, the competitor may move onto the next station as soon as they shoot the two targets, make a complete safe weapon, and set the weapon on the table in front of them. If the identified targets are not hit within thirty-seconds, the competitor will be required to make a complete safe weapon, and set the weapon on the table in front of them before moving to the next station. For each target properly shot in this event 2-seconds will be deducted from the total event time. STATION SIX / SIT-UPS: The competitor begins this station on their back in the down position with arms crossed on the chest. The competitor will be given thirty-seconds to perform as many sit-ups within that timeframe. The hands must remain on the chest the entire movement of the sit-up. Holding the shirt is permitted. In the up position the elbow will come off the chest and touch the knees. Resting is only allowed in the up position. If the competitor cannot complete any more sit-ups, but time still remains for the station, the competitor must patiently wait for the entire thirty-seconds prior to moving to the next station. Each properly completed sit-up deducts one-second from the total event time.

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STATION SEVEN / HIGH STRESS SHOOTING: Competitors will sprint to the shooting station where they will select one of the Glock style airsoft pistols and assumes a high ready stance. The observer will call out a color and two numbers. The competitor may then shoot both targets identified by the observer. If the target is hit but does not fall over, it will still be counted as a hit. Although this station is timed for thirty-seconds, the competitor may move onto the next station as soon as they shoot the two targets, make a complete safe weapon, and set the weapon on the table in front of them. If the identified targets are not hit within thirty-seconds, the competitor will be required to make a complete safe weapon, and set the weapon on the table in front of them before moving to the next station. For each target properly shot in this event 2-seconds will be deducted from the total event time. STATION EIGHT / DUMBBELL SQUATS: The competitor begins this station standing with feet shoulder width apart and a twenty-pound dumbbell held at chest level with both hands. The competitor will be given thirty-seconds to perform as many dumbbell squats within that timeframe. The competitor must squat down to break the imaginary plain before rising back to the starting position for the repetition to count. Resting is only allowed in the starting position. If the competitor cannot complete any more dumbbell squats, but time still remains for the station, the competitor must patiently wait for the entire thirty-seconds prior to moving to the next station. Each properly completed dumbbell squat deducts 1-second from the total event time. STATION NINE / HIGH STRESS SHOOTING: Competitors will sprint to the shooting station where they will select one of the Glock style airsoft pistols and assumes a high ready stance. The observer will call out a color and two numbers. The competitor may then shoot both targets identified by the observer. If the target is hit but does not fall over, it will still be counted as a hit. Although this station is timed for thirty-seconds, the competitor may move onto the next station as soon as they shoot the two targets, make a complete safe weapon, and set the weapon on the table in front of them. If the identified targets are not hit within thirty-seconds, the competitor will be required to make a complete safe weapon, and set the weapon on the table in front of them before moving to the next station. For each target properly shot in this event 2-seconds will be deducted from the total event time. STATION TEN / DOWNED OFFICER: Competitors will sprint to the downed officer that weighs approximately 160 pounds, and either drag or carry the officer approximately 17 yards to the designated safe zone. Once the officer is placed in the safe zone the competitor may move onto the next station. STATION ELEVEN / DEFENSIVE TACTICS: Competitors will demonstrate basic defensive tactics fundamentals by demonstrating five open-hand palm strikes, five closed-fist punches and five elbow strikes while giving loud verbal commands. The strike pad being held by the observer is the simulated threat for this station. Failure to deliver a strike with maximum effort will result in the strike not being counted. The competitor must successfully demonstrate all fifteen strikes prior to being allowed to move to the final station for this event.

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STATION TWELVE / SUSPECT IDENTIFICATION: Competitors will sprint to this final station and must accurately identify the suspect whose mugshot was shown at the beginning of the event. Failure to accurately identify the suspect will add thirty-seconds to the competitor’s overall event time. Once the suspect has been selected the event is over and the competitor will be required to proceed to the cool down area until properly released. NOTICE TO ADVISORS: All competitors participating in this event must enter the cool down area after completing the event. There will be medical staff on scene monitoring the competitors as they recover from the event. It is highly encouraged that all competitors begin hydrating at least 48-hours in advance to prevent dehydration as well as boost recovery times. It is recommended that all competitors bring their own water source as well as a source of electrolytes such as Gatorade® to this event.

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Interview and Interrogation Hosted by the Hamilton County Sheriff’s Office (TN) Team Event: Maximum of two Explorers, 20 minutes Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration The Explorer will be judged on the following:

a) Building rapport b) Gaining waiver of Miranda warning c) Note taking d) Placement of people in the interview room e) Officer safety in the interview room

Man With a Gun Hosted by the Frederick County Sheriff’s Office (MD) Team Event of 2 – 4 people Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration Explorers will be dispatched to a report of an armed subject displaying a gun.

Officer Down Hosted by the Gilmer County Sheriff’s Office (GA) Team Event of 2-4 people: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration An officer responded to a domestic disturbance in progress. Communication is lost with the responding officer after his arrival on scene. Explorers are dispatched and respond to the scene for backup. Upon the explorer’s arrival, they observe the following: An officer down with a bloody knife beside him, an unknown handcuffed male and a unknown female trying to assist the handcuffed male. Scenario graded on the following: officer safety, scene management, verbal commands, contact and control with suspect(s), assisting the down officer, communication with the dispatch center.

Officer Survival Hosted by the Paulding County Sheriff’s Office (GA) Individual Event: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration The Explorer will complete a practical exercise designed to evaluate the Explorer’s decision-making and physical skills needed to deal with violent encounters. The Explorer will deploy various tools they commonly carry to react to possible escalation and de-escalation of force.

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The Explorers may be evaluated on one or more of the following topics relevant to Officer Survival:

• Weapon Retention • Arrest and Control Techniques • Dealing with Multiple suspects • Edged weapon defense • Operating in Low Light Environment • Use of Force Law (Based on the Explorers home state)

The Explorers will be responsible for bringing duty gear and other items they feel necessary to successfully complete the scenario. Only ONE Explorer per post will be eligible to compete.

Robbery in Progress Hosted by (vacant) Individual Event: Registration Required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration A business has just reported a robbery is taking place. Explorers will enter and mitigate the situation while securing the scene and preserving and collecting evidence.

Suspicious Death Investigation Hosted by Grovetown High School (GA) Team Event: Registration required, (16 teams max) Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration

Explorers will enter a crime scene where a suspicious death has occurred. Explorers will have to locate and evaluate evidence from the scene and interview all witnesses associated with the scene. Explorers will view photographs from an actual crime scene to assist in determining the cause of death. Upon evaluation of all evidence and testimony from witnesses, a preliminary cause of death will be determined and an arrest (if applicable) will be conducted. Explorers will be graded on interview techniques, communication with other explorers, scene analysis and arrest procedures (if needed). Due to the graphic nature of the crime scene photographs, some explorers may not be comfortable competing in this competition. Only 16 teams will be selected for this 30-minute competition.

Uniform Inspection Hosted by the Spartanburg County Sheriff’s Office (SC) Team Event of 4-6 people: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration Only two categories of uniform competition are graded Class A and Class B. Only one team, which may consist of 4-6 members, per each Post may compete. Ten minutes is allotted for each team.

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Upon entry into the room, consideration is given for mode of entry and line-up. This includes military preparatory commands (dress, left-face, right-face, etc.). Major emphasis is given towards professionalism and command performance. Exclusions for competition will be denim, corduroys, and sneakers. Judges are looking for how the post handles themselves and how the uniforms are kept overall as opposed to elements and worth of the items. In other words, posts need not have expensive and fancy uniforms to compete. Well-kept and groomed uniforms are the key element of this competition. A copy of your post’s uniform standards should be provided prior to competition, if available. If not, a copy of your agency's standards should be provided with your registration if those are the standards your post follows. Explorers may be asked questions during the competition to clarify uniform questions. An understanding of departmental or Explorer policy standards would be beneficial for grading.

Standards and Grading Specifications:

Category I: Overall Appearance A. Neatness B. Cleanliness C. Professionalism

Category II: Grooming A. Hair and nails 1. Hair must be off collar, nails trimmed, 2. Females, proper hair pinning, no nail polish 3. Males must be clean-shaven and no hair on ears

Category III: Equipment A. All pins and chevrons must be placed accordingly B. All equipment must be clean and ready for inspection C. Shoes must be edge dressed D. Uniforms must be free of lint and strings (Irish pennants)

Category IV: Accessories A. Uniforms must be free of all items in pockets unless it is issued equipment

Category V: Command Performance A. Does the uniform command respect? B. Is it worn well by the individual representing their agency with the utmost

respect? C. Is the uniform an appropriate representation of a police explorer? D. Entry and exit into the competition room was with military style and

commands E. Is the Explorer able to answer questions regarding the policies and standards

of the uniform?

Unknown Trouble Hosted by the Chattanooga Police Department (TN) Team Event: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration This competition will rely on and test problem solving skills, communication skills, teamwork, and office safety. This is meant to be a “think on your feet competition.”

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Use of Force-Red Man Hosted by the Frankfort Police Department (KY) Individual Event: Registration required (only 24 slots) Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration One explorer from the post will do the event. Each participating explorer must sign a waiver /release that is also signed by a guardian and witnessed. Waivers will be either emailed or mailed prior to the event and will need to be turned in before any explorers can participate. Participants must bring a mouthpiece. Scenarios will last 20 minutes. Explorers need to be in good physical condition with no health issues. Participants will be exercised prior to the event to raise the heart rate. Each Explorer must be versed in application and use of force including intermediate weapons, deadly, and hands on. Abilities need to include Verbal commands and how to defuse a volatile situation. Duty belts will be required, red guns will be available if needed, and any other items will be provided if necessary for the event. No weapons of any kind will be allowed in the event room.

Warrant Service Hosted by the Mauldin Police Department (SC) Team Event of 2-4 people: Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Based on registration Each Post may enter one team consisting of two (2) to four (4) members. The team will be given an account of the incident (forcible felony) and a CI (that has been proven reliable), they will need to draw a warrant affidavit and present it to the Judge for a warrant. When proper Probable Cause exists, they will be given the warrant to serve on the suspect’s residence.

Written Exam Hosted by the Lilburn Police Department (GA) Individual Event: All Posts will be registered Location: Convention Center Time: Saturday morning Each post will be scheduled for the written exam. Only one Explorer per Post will be allowed to compete. The test will consist of 40 multiple-choice questions. There is a 30-minute time limit. The questions will include case law, constitutional amendments, current practices, and law enforcement entrance exam questions. The entrance exam questions will include scenario comprehension, spelling, and a map to determine the pathway to a scene in which the officer has been dispatched.

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Shooting Sports Events 3 Gun Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide One of the fastest growing shooting sports events in the country right now is the action-packed multi-gun competition commonly known as "3-gun." 3 Gun matches are timed events in which competitors move through various stages engaging in targets using a pistol, rifle and shotgun. The competition is rapidly rising in popularity as it combines gun-handling skills, speed and accuracy across three different platforms. The 3 Gun Experience, all Airsoft guns, is designed to introduce new and intermediate shooters to the world of 3 Gun. The 3 Gun Experience offers you a chance to learn the sport on your own time and at your own pace. This safe, fun, mildly competitive recreational shooting program will be your stepping stone into the world of 3 Gun.

Air Rifle Shooting Range Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide

A big hit in past years, this indoor range will be set up to try your aim at targets in our indoor Shooting Range. We will keep scores of the sharpest shot and give out awards on Saturday night. You can find the shooting range in the Convention Center.

Archery Competition and Match Shoot Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide

Rules:

This is an individual competition 3 shots per archer Targets will be 3-D and paper Scoring may only take place once 60 second time limit Targets will be shot in order Ties will be broken with highest scoring arrows

Ex. (A) 6+10+5=21 (B) 8+8+5=21 A is winner Three places will be awarded: 1st, 2nd, 3rd

Scoring Bear: 5 points body, 6 points inside large area, 8 points small area Deer: 5 points body, 8 points inside large area, 10 points small area

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Multicolor target will be ring value with a bonus dot in the blue rings worth 14 points Headshots will be deducted 5 points from total score Headshots are anything from ears forward 0 points for targets shot out of order Bounce outs will be re-shot with no time limit Total score based on 3 shots Total possible score= 31

Archery Free Shoot Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center Time: See Pocket Guide

Anyone registered youth or adult can walk up and try their hand at shooting bows and arrows. Get in line and test your skill or you may find out you need to get a team together and try the Match Shoot.

Outdoor Range Event – Knife Throw Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Sportsman’s Club Time: See Pocket Guide This is a skill patterned after the abilities of the frontiersmen and mountain men to throw a big knife into a log or tree. Participants are paired up. They will throw the knives at targets of wood. The leader gives them a demonstration on how to throw the knife, pointing out safety concerns. The participants move to the target areas and receive their six knives. The participants throw when given the signal, and then when both have thrown their practice throws, they retrieve the knives and prepare to throw for points. If they have difficulty throwing, they can practice until they get an understanding of the skill. The challenge is to stick the knife into the bulls-eye of the target.

Rules: These apply to both events

1. The leader gives a demonstration of what they are to do and how to do it and assigns participants a station.

2. The leader directs throwing so that safety rules are observed. 3. The staff member demonstrates how to throw a "hawk" or knife. 4. One participant throws the "hawks" or knives while the other watches. A staff

member points out ways for the participant to improve after each throw. 5. The participant throwing retrieves the "hawks” or knives. 6. The participant not throwing stands at the throwing line while the “hawks” or

knives are retrieved. 7. The next participant then takes their turn. 8. Only one set of "hawks" (three "hawks" in a set) or knives (six knives in a set) are

used per throwing space (target). 9. Anyone not observing the safety rules will forfeit their right to participate.

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Outdoor Range Event – Tomahawk Throw Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Sportsman’s Club Time: See Pocket Guide

Each participant will be taught how to throw a tomahawk and given a chance to practice throwing it. After they have had a chance to practice, they will throw three "hawks" for their score. The scoring will be based on accuracy. The target is a cross-sectional area of a log from 18 inches to 24 inches in diameter. A target will be painted or a card placed in the center of the target, and each participant is awarded points for how close to the center of the target they get and how many hawks stick. See Rules in the Knife Throwing event description.

Outdoor Range Events - Shooting (NRA)

Individual Event: Registration required Location: Sportsman’s Club Time: 8:00 am – 4:00 pm, based on registration Rifle, Shotgun, and Pistol Shooting events will be held all day Saturday at the Gatlinburg Sportsman’s Club. Shooting events are open to registered Scouts (youth participants) who have either completed NRA certification or who have attended the appropriate safety briefing at Winterfest. If you plan to utilize your NRA Certification, you must go to the safety briefing area and produce the certification for verification and to receive your shooting sports wristband. Boy Scouts ARE NOT allowed participation in Pistol Shooting. Registration for Saturday shooting events will be done online at the same time you register for Winterfest. Units can sign up for more than one event but must sign up for a separate slot for each event. If there are any questions, there will be Shooting Sports Staff on hand at the Convention Center Friday evening. When registering, be sure to allow ample travel time to and from the sportsman’s club. Also keep in mind that Rifle should be scheduled in between Pistol and Shotgun due to the location of the Rifle range. Please be punctual as this is a popular event and we want to ensure that everyone gets a chance to participate. Participants who register for an 8 am shooting time will need to be on the bus at 7 am. There will be safety briefings held at the Convention Center Friday evening and Saturday morning (time and place will be in the pocket guide). All participants MUST either attend a briefing or present proof of their NRA certification in order to shoot. All attendees at the on-site briefing will be given a wristband that must be worn in order to participate (no exceptions). Please plan to attend the Friday night briefing unless your unit will not arrive in time to do so. Also, if you plan to shoot before 10 am on Saturday morning you MUST attend a Friday night briefing.

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There will be a bus dedicated for transportation between the Convention Center and the Sportsman’s Club. The bus will make a round-trip every 30 minutes. 8:00 and 8:30 am shooters will have priority boarding on the first bus of the morning. All events at the Gatlinburg Sportsman’s Club will be outdoors, so dress accordingly. There are portable toilets available throughout the venue for your convenience. The members of the Gatlinburg Sportsman’s Club graciously provide this facility to Winterfest and it is important to remember that we are guests. Please ensure that there is no horseplay and that we take care to leave the facility better than we found it. Rifle: - There will be one range where participants will be given the opportunity to shoot a .22 caliber rifle. We will keep scores of the sharpest shot and hand out awards at the Closing Show. Shotgun: There will be one range where participants will have the opportunity to shoot 20 gauge shotguns at moving clay targets. We will keep scores of the sharpest shot and hand out awards at the Closing Show. Pistol: Participants will have the opportunity to shoot one-on-one with an instructor with .22 caliber pistols at a fixed target. We will keep scores of the sharpest shot and hand out awards at the Closing Show. Boy Scouts are not allowed to participate in Pistol shooting. When registering for these events please keep in mind that while all three of these outdoor range events will take place at the Sportsman's Club, rifle is on a range that is not located adjacent to the others. Therefore, please do not schedule rifle in between shotgun and pistol events.

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STEM Events Action Figure Bungee Jumping Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center STEM Area Time: See Pocket Guide The goal is to allow your action figure to fall as close to the ground as possible, without touching.

Participants will use rubber bands and action figures to create a bungee jump scenario from varying heights. By recording the distance traveled with different lengths of rubber band bungee cords, a relationship between the number of rubber bands and distance can be determined. Participants will then need to estimate the number of rubber bands to use when bungee jumping off a significantly higher known height.

This event can be used as a Supernova activity for the Venturing Supernova Awards, but not all requirements will be completed at the event.

Batteries Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center STEM Area Time: See Pocket Guide Batteries come in all shapes and sizes, but some are more unique than others.

Challenge yourself by attempting to make a battery out of pocket change that can power a light. Batteries will be constructed out of pennies, cardboard, and water.

All materials will be provided. Completed batteries must remain at the station.

Catapults Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center STEM Area Time: See Pocket Guide Teams will design and build catapults. The catapult design will be scored based on how it performs in terms of distance throwing and accuracy in hitting targets. This event can be used for requirement 5a for the Venturing and Sea Scouting Launch! Nova.

Egg Drop Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center STEM Area Time: See Pocket Guide Teams of participants must create a contraption that will protect an egg when it falls from a great height. In addition to the traditional egg survival test, designs also must make the best

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use of the materials provided. Submissions are evaluated on egg survival, weight of the container, and use of recyclable materials. Only the materials provided can be used. This event can be used as a Supernova activity for the Venturing Supernova Awards, but not all requirements will be completed at the event.

Horsepower Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center STEM Area Time: See Pocket Guide Participants will determine their own horsepower by running up a flight of stairs and conducting calculations. This event satisfies requirement 3a for the Venturing and Sea Scouting Numbers Don’t Lie Nova.

Paper Rockets Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center STEM Area Time: Friday Evening Participants will design and create their own rocket. Rocket designs can be modified several times to see how even small variations can affect the flight pattern. Rockets will be made of paper and launched using pressurized air. Participants will keep their rocket.

Roller Coaster Building Team Event: Walk-up Location: Convention Center STEM Area Time: Friday Evening Teams will design and create their own rollercoaster. The designs can be as extravagant and thrilling as space and materials allow. Rollercoasters will be constructed out of everyday materials which will be provided to you.

This event can be used for requirement 5c for the Venturing and Sea Scouting Launch! Nova.

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Tournament Events Tournaments are open to all participants. Block scheduling is to be used to allow teams to plan to participate in other events at Winterfest. No later than 8 AM Saturday, units will be given a starting time for their first game. Tournaments are single elimination. Bowling will take place hourly throughout the day and is a team event. Cornhole and Volleyball will be entirely in the morning. Dodgeball, and Basketball will be played in the afternoon. Winners in each stage will advance to later rounds until a champion is determined. Winning teams will be expected to be present and ready to play at the next scheduled round. Those fortunate enough to make it to the finals should plan on staying at the venue the entire morning or afternoon. Each tournament event will have a maximum length to be played and is determined based on the number of teams and space availability. If a game has not been decided by usual scoring, the team with most points at the end of the time limit is the winner. In the event of a tie, a coin toss will determine the winner. To assure a smooth tournament, we request that units arrive at least 15 minutes prior to their starting time for each game. A team forfeits the game if they are more than 5 minutes late. Any post, crew, ship, or troop that enters a tournament must contribute one adult leader to assist with judging and scorekeeping during each game played by their team.

Basketball (4 on 4) Team Event of 4 players (Bracketed): Registration Required Location: Community Center Time: 10:00 AM to 12:00 PM Single elimination bracketed tournament. Game times are subject to change. Any changes will be communicated prior to your team’s game time. See Addendum #2 for full rules.

Bowling Teams Event 4 players: Registration required Location: Community Center Time: 10 am – 5 pm, based on registration

Awards will be given for the top 3-team scores. This event will take place in the Gatlinburg Community Center. Rules:

1. Each Post, Crew, Ship, or Troop is eligible to enter one four-person youth team. Adults may not participate. Teams smaller than four need to be willing to share a lane.

2. Each player gets two practice throws and then will bowl ONE 10-frame game. 3. You must follow the facility's rules regarding bowling shoes and food. 4. You may bring your own bowling ball and shoes.

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Cornhole Teams Event (Bracketed): Registration required Location: Convention Center Time: Morning, based on registration

Traditional 21: The game shall be played to the pre-determined number of twenty-one (21) points. The first player/team to reach (or exceed) that amount at the conclusion of a frame is the winner.

• Woody: Refers to any cornhole bag that has been pitched and remains on the cornhole board-playing surface at the conclusion of the frame. Each woody is 1pt.

• Cornhole: Refers to any cornhole bag that has been pitched and passes through the cornhole board hole at anytime within the frame. Each cornhole is 3pts.

Cancellation Scoring: The approved method of scoring for the sport of cornhole is “cancellation” scoring. In cancellation scoring, the points of one player cancel out the points of their opponent. Using this method, only one player/team can score in each frame.

• Example: Red achieves one (1) woody and two (2) cornholes. Blue achieves two (2) woodies and zero (0) cornholes. 7 points – 2 points = Red scores 5 points for that frame.

Foul Bags: Refers to any cornhole bag that has not been determined as a “woody” or “cornhole”, or was designated a foul bag as the result of a rules violation.

• Bags contacting the ground before reaching the playing surface and bags pitched when a player has crossed the foul line are Foul Bags. If a foul bag lands on the playing surface or comes to rest touching the ground and the board, it must be removed immediately.

This will be a Single Elimination Team Event. If you have a Team win, they advance. The last Team standing wins the day.

Disc Golf Individual Event: Walk-up Location: Mills Park Disc Golf Course Time: See Pocket Guide This event is a self-guided walk up event at the Mills Park Disc Golf Course. Disc Golf is played like traditional golf, but with flying discs instead of balls and clubs. The object of the game is to throw the disc from a tee area into a basket with chains in the fewest throws possible. One point (stroke) is counted each time the disc is thrown. The goal is to play each hole in the fewest strokes possible. The player with the lowest total strokes for the entire course wins. Plan 45 minutes to complete a round. You may bring your own discs.

Scoring is on the honor system and players will not be penalized for rule infractions. Other players will keep you honest.

See Addendum #3 for rules.

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Dodgeball Team Event 8 players with a min of 6 to avoid forfeit (Bracketed): Registration required Location: High School Gym Time: Afternoon, based on registration Beginning the game - Prior to the game beginning, 8 dodgeballs are placed on the centerline. Players then take a position behind the end line. Following a signal by the official, teams may approach the centerline to retrieve the balls. Once balls are retrieved from the centerline at the beginning rush, the balls must be brought back to the respective end lines before they are considered “live”. Declaring a winner - The first team to legally eliminate all opposing players is the winner. If neither team is eliminated at the end of regulation, the team with the greater number of remaining players is the winner. In all overtime periods, the first team to legally eliminate any one (1) opponent will be the winner. See Addendum #4 for rules.

Volleyball Team Event of 6 players (Bracketed): Registration required Location: Community Center Time: 1:00 PM to 3:00 PM

Rules 1. Each Post, Crew, Ship, or Troop is eligible to enter one six-person team. 2. Rally scoring will be used to speed the play of each match.

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Addendums Addendum #1: Cardboard Regatta Rules Supplies allowed for building your cardboard boat:

1. A box cutter or sharp cutting tool 2. Duct tape 3. Yardstick or ruler 4. 2 pieces of cardboard (provided by the judges) 5. Pencil 6. Latex enamel or spray paint for final coats [no multi-part paints allowed]

(optional) 7. 2 sheets of plastic [to be used to protect the work area, NOT to be used in

construction of the boat] 8. Paint brushes and rollers (optional) 9. Building square (optional) 10. Wallboard screws for holding cardboard together while taping. These must be

removed before launching. (optional) 11. Battery drill or screwdriver for installing screws (optional and for decoration

only) 12. Decorations can be any material but not used to reinforce the structure of the

boat (optional) Getting Started First, start with some objective in mind. Maybe you want to build the fastest boat. Perhaps you are more interested in one of the awards for design or eye appeal. Maybe you want to win the Team Spirit Award. Or just maybe you want to take home the Most Spectacular Sinking Award. Next, start with a design idea, a vision of what you want your cardboard creation to look like. It can be any design you like or want to try out: submarines, aircraft carriers, PT boats, lake freighters, pirate ships, and so on. To save time, build a model using a manila folder or other heavy paper or lightweight cardboard. That way, you can fold, re-fold, and fold again to get your design. You can cut it up, tape it together, and try out your design idea in small scale before working on a full-sized creation. You may have had an idea that sounded great, but it just didn’t work. You can try something new using your models so you don’t waste your cardboard. If you want, you can apply physics or other sciences. Maybe you will choose to calculate the displacement of your design idea so that you will have some certainty about the buoyancy of your design. Here's the basic number: a cubic foot of water weighs about 62 pounds. That means that a 180-pound man will float in a boat that is 1 foot by 1 foot by 3 feet - of course, that could be a bit uncomfortable! But at least you would know just how much boat you will need for you (and your crew) so you don't overdesign it and add unnecessary weight. Creative problem-solving is the name of the game. Whether you get your creative insights from methodical effort or from wide-ranging trial-and-error, building a cardboard boat, will be both fun and challenging.

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Handling cardboard - you will find it easier and more fun if you keep a few tips in mind. 1. You can have strength and still keep your boat light if you laminate layers of

cardboard. In fact, try placing one layer so that the corrugations run in one direction, then placing the second layer so that the corrugations run at a 90-degree angle to the first layer.

2. To fold cardboard across the corrugations, consider scoring the line of the fold with the butt end of your utility knife.

3. Don't step on your cardboard! If you break the corrugations you can compromise the integrity of the cardboard.

4. To keep your cardboard dry, don't forget to seal the edges with duct tape. If water gets into your corrugations, you can have great fun watching it get drawn through the corrugation just like in a drinking straw. That may be okay when you have time to do something about it, but if you see this happen in the middle of a race you will not be able to address the issue.

Here’s a few other items to think about.

• A flat bottom is recommended. A V-shaped bottom is likely to tip over unless the V is very gentle.

• The lowest center of gravity is the most stable; kneeling or standing will cause you to tip over.

• Longer boats go faster, but they are harder to turn. • Boats shorter than 3 feet are more difficult to steer. • For height, allow about 18 inches for you to sit and paddle effectively without the

edge of your boat blocking your arms. • For width, figure about 18 inches for a kayak and about 23-24 inches for a canoe. • Figure about 30 inches maximum for 1 person and 48 inches for two people. • Duct tape shrinks when it is painted.

Keep in mind the other lessons you learn along the way. That will make building your next boat that much easier.

The rules for this event are listed below and are primarily for safety while some relate to the use of certain substances and materials for boat construction. General Rules

1. Only corrugated cardboard will be used. It must not be bonded to any other material such as vinyl. Non-corrugated material may not be used. No solid cardboard and no carpet roll tubes may be used, except for decorations.

2. Wood, metal, Styrofoam, or other materials that would aid in flotation or make the hull rigid are prohibited, but may be used for decoration. This restriction applies to the keel, transom, ribs, hull, etc.

3. Hulls may be painted with any “one-part” paint. No epoxy glues, fiberglass resins or “multi-part” varnishes or paints may be used. Hulls may not be “wrapped” in plastic, duct tape or anything else. Tar based substances like roof coatings are not permitted.

4. Joints and seams should be taped. No nails, metal, wood fasteners, or staples may be used in the construction of the boat (small amounts may be used for removable decoration only).

5. Design is “builder’s choice.” A minimum of 65% of the boat’s volume must remain above water during racing. Failure to meet this rule will result in a 20 second time penalty.

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6. Decorations may be made from any material but may not be used to reinforce the actual structure of the boat.

7. Boats from previous years will not be allowed. 8. No boat will be allowed to leave the starting gate unless all persons on board are

wearing a Personal Flotation Device (PFD). (PFDs and paddles will be provided.) 9. Boats are subject to inspection and disqualification for each violation of the above

General Rules, (with the exception of rule # 6 which results in a 20 second time penalty).

10. All entrants must ensure that their portion of the pit area has been cleaned prior to departure on Regatta day. All boats must be removed from the pool and cut apart and placed in the Community Center dumpsters. Units who do not dispose of their boats property will not be permitted to participate in future Cardboard Boat Regattas.

11. Prior to the races, boats will be judged in the following categories: Best Original Design (most creative design and best use of corrugated

cardboard) Best Construction or Construction Technique Best Decorated Team Spirit (most-spirited team … the looks of the boat aren’t considered) Most Spectacular Sinking (to qualify, you must salvage the remains

completely). 12. Boats must be propelled by paddles or oars only. Other forms of propulsion

including swimming your boat are not permitted. Note: Rules are subject to change. Units will be notified in writing if changes are made. Have fun! Be creative!

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Addendum #2: Basketball Rules (4 x 4) TEAM SIZE: Teams consists of four to a side. Teams can start with no fewer than three players. There is no limit to the number of subs per team. Teams should wear matching jerseys.

GAME TIME: Time will be 15-minute running halves with each team allowed one 30-second time-out per half. Overtime is 2 minutes with no additional time-outs. The clock will be stopped the last 30 seconds of the first half and the last minute of the game according to regular basketball rules. Halftime break will be 3 minutes (a Winterfest staff member will blow a whistle to designate the time limit). Switch sides after halftime. Each basket counts as one (1) point. Please start games promptly. Do not warm up too long or your game time will be shortened. THE GAME: 4-on-4 Basketball is self-officiated. No referees will be provided. Participants shall act as their own officials. The general rules shall be that player fouled should call the foul, not the person who fouled. Any person can make a call, but it is up to the person who is fouled to honor it. In the event of a close call or disagreement, the alternating possession rule will apply. Please remember that you are playing for the enjoyment of the participation; it’s no fun when tempers flare! Therefore, proper attitudes must prevail. 1. Winterfest will supply a scorekeeper. If a team wants a running tally of who made the

baskets, they should supply someone to help with the scorekeeping. 2. Games are started by a “do or die” shot from the top of the key to determine possession. 3. Defense must be allowed to “check” the ball before it is put into play after a foul or play

has stopped. 4. Jump balls will result in alternating possession of the ball. 5. If a game should be tied at the time limit, then a “sudden death” situation takes place.

The team that scores next wins. Alternating possession still applies. 6. Substitutions may occur throughout the game ONLY after a made basket or a dead ball. 7. All protests must be settled at the time of the incident, and the same game should not

continue until the conflict is resolved. The Winterfest staff member may be consulted for rules interpretation and judgment calls.

8. There will be no over and back calls. 9. 3-seconds in the key rule will not be formally enforced (Supervisor will not allow a team

to take advantage of this and camp under the basket). Penalty-turnover. 10. All out-of-bounds will be taken near the top of the key except after a basket. 11. Defense may check ball anytime - except after a basket. 12. Offense may call a foul if it occurs. Disputes will be settled as follows: 13. Fouls will not be recorded; however, flagrant fouls or continuous misconduct may result

in removal from game or league. No free throws except for intentional and/or flagrant fouls as determined by the supervisor. The fouled team will then have the clock stopped, shoot one free-throw shot worth 1 point, and get the ball out-of-bounds. Player may be ejected from the game by the supervisor.

14. Fouls by a defensive player against an offensive player going in for a breakaway lay-up will be an automatic one point (you must be even or better).

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Addendum #3: Disc Golf Tee Throws Each hole begins with a tee throw. Tee throws must be completed within or behind the designated tee area. Lie The lie is the spot where the player’s previous throw has landed. Mark lie with a mini disc or turn over the thrown disc, directly towards the hole or designated fairway. The player’s subsequent throw is made from directly behind the marked lie. Throwing Order The player with the least amount of strokes on the previous hole is the first to tee off on the next hole. After teeing off, the player whose disc is farthest from the hole always throws first. Fairway Throws Fairway throws must be made from directly behind the lie. A run-up and normal follow-through, after release, is allowed, unless the lie is within 10 meters of the target. Any shot within 10 meters of the target requires that the player not move past the lie until the disc is at rest. Dogleg (or Mandatory) A dogleg is one or more designated trees or poles in the fairway that must be passed as indicated by arrows. Until the dogleg is passed the closest foot to the dogleg must be on the lie when the disc is released. Completion of Hole A disc that comes to rest in the basket or chains constitutes successful completion of that hole. Unplayable Lie Any disc that comes to rest above the ground is considered an unplayable lie. The disc must be thrown from the lie on the ground, directly underneath the unplayable lie, relocated to avoid damage to the vegetation. Out of Bounds If any area of out of bounds is visible between the disc and out of bounds line, then the disc is considered out of bounds. A throw that lands out of bounds, must be played from a point 3 feet in bounds from where the disc went out of bounds. Permanent water hazards and public roads are always out of bounds. Penalties Recreational players will not be penalized for rule infractions. Other players will keep you honest. Course Courtesy

• Remain quiet and avoid unnecessary movements while others are throwing. • Stand behind the player who is throwing until throw is complete. • Remove disc from hole after completing the hole. • Help new players learn the rules. • Allow faster groups to play through when possible. • Pick up trash and put in proper receptacles. • Do not alter the course (trees, bushes, etc.) in any way.

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Addendum #4: Dodgeball BOUNDARIES: During play, all players must remain within the boundary lines. There is no boundary for the end lines. Players may pass through their end-line only to retrieve stray balls. When retrieving the ball, the player must also immediately re-enter the playing field only through their end-line. A player may be handed a ball as long as they are inside the boundaries. A player shall not:

• Have any part of their body contact the playing surface on or over a sideline unless retrieving a stray ball. The Judge must note it. (Only through end-line)

• Exit or re-enter the field through their sideline. • Leave the playing field to avoid being hit by, or attempt to catch, a ball. • Have any part of their body cross over the centerline and contact the ground on

their opponent’s side of the court. During the “opening rush,” many players will cross the centerline. Officials should refrain from calling players OUT at this time unless a definite advantage is gained by that action.

EQUIPMENT: The Judge will provide the official balls. All players must wear non-marking tennis shoes. The standard number of balls for a 12-person game (6 on a side), is six. THE GAME: The object of the game is to eliminate all opposing players by getting them OUT. An OUT is scored by:

• Hitting an opposing player with a thrown ball below the shoulders. NOTE: If a player ducks and this clearly is the cause for the player being hit above the shoulders, the player is out and the throw is considered legal.

• Only the player who is hit by the ball can catch the ball once it hits their body. The person getting hit is out regardless of whether or not another person catches the ball. A player who gets hit by a deflected ball off another player’s body or ball is not out.

• Catching a ball thrown by your opponent. When a ball is deflected off another ball: The player deflecting the ball is out when:

• They get hit in the body (including above the shoulders) after the ball is deflected. • They attempt to catch the deflected ball but the ball used for deflection is hit out

of their hand. • They attempt to catch the deflected ball and drop the deflected ball.

The player throwing the ball is out when: • The person deflecting the ball catches the thrown ball. • The thrower is out if the deflector has both the deflected ball and the ball used for

deflection in their hands or they intentionally put down the ball used for deflection and catch the deflected ball (determined by the Judge).

TIMING, TIME-OUTS & SUBSTITUTIONS: A 10-minute time limit has been established for each game. Each team will be allowed one (1) 60-second time-out per game. Only the Event Judge will start and stop the clock and will have the discretion to call a player out if there is a controversy. During time-outs, teams may substitute players. Subs may be players who did not start the game. BEGINNING THE GAME: Prior to the game beginning, 6 dodgeball balls are placed on the centerline. Players then take a position behind the end line. Following a signal by the official, teams may approach the centerline to retrieve the balls. Once balls are retrieved from centerline at the beginning rush, the balls must be brought back to the respective end-lines before they are considered “live”.

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DECLARING A WINNER: The first team to legally eliminate all opposing players will be the winner. If neither team has been eliminated at the end of regulation, the team with the greater number of remaining players will be the winner. In all overtime periods, the first team to legally eliminate any one opponent will be the winner. OVERTIME: If an equal number of players remain after regulation play, sudden-death overtime period will be played. The overtime period will begin the same as the start of a regular game with balls placed on centerline and an opening rush. The first team to eliminate any ONE opposing player will be declared the winner. No time-outs allowed during overtime. Substitutions may be made prior to start of overtime. STALLING & 30-SECOND VIOLATION: If one team possesses all of the balls they must throw at least two balls over the opposing team’s free throw line within 30 seconds:

First violation: Stoppage of play and balls will be divided evenly and play continues with players starting on the end-line.

Second violation: Ejection of one (1) player from offending team. NOTE: The stalling procedure does not apply to overtime periods. Any ball thrown above the head first time will be a warning, second time person will be disqualified. OFFICIALS AND EVENT JUDGE: an Event Judge will supervise all contests. Rules will be enforced primarily by the “honor system.” Players will be expected to rule whether or not a hit was legal or whether they were legally eliminated. The Event Judge’s responsibility will be to rule on any situation in which teams cannot agree. A team may appeal to the Event Judge if they feel a player has violated any rule. THE EVENT JUDGE’S DECISION IS FINAL.

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Addendum #5: 2020 Talent Show Forms

Talent Release Form I hereby assign and grant to the Boy Scouts of America, Winterfest, and Winterfest Staff the right and permission to use and publish the photographs, video, electronic representations, and/or sound recordings made of me during the Winterfest 2020 Talent Show, including but not limited to all performances, auditions, rehearsals, or sound checks. Additionally, I hereby release the Boy Scouts of America, Winterfest, and Winterfest Staff from any and all liability from such use and publication. I hereby authorize the reproduction, sale, copyright, exhibit, broadcast, electronic storage and/or distribution of said photographs/film/video/electronic representations and/or sound recordings without limitation at the discretion of the Boy Scouts of America, Winterfest, and Winterfest Staff, and I specifically waive any right to any compensation I may have for any of the foregoing.

Please Print Clearly

Name: __________________________________________ Age: _______________ Address: ___________________________________________________________ City: ____________________________ State: _________ Zip: _____________ Phone Number: ______________________________________________________ Email Address: _______________________________________________________

Post or Crew #: _________________ Post or Crew City: ______________________

Participant Signature: _________________________________ Date: ____________ Guardian Signature: __________________________________ Date: ____________

(if under the age of 18)

Winterfest Staff Use Only I have reviewed this document and confirmed that it is correctly filled out and signed. Staff Name: ________________________________________________________ Staff Signature: __________________________________Date: ________________

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Addendum #6: Zip Gatlinburg Waiver

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Addendum #7: Ober Gatlinburg Waiver

SNOW TUBING RELEASE

I accept responsibility of the care of the snow tube while in my use. I understand the inherent risk and the potential for injury involved in snow tubing. These risks may include, but are not limited to, changes in snow conditions, variations in steepness, terrain, obstacles both natural and manmade, and collisions with other tubers. I am aware that weather and snow conditions change constantly, and that snowmaking and grooming are part of normal operating procedures. I understand that due to the inherent risk of snow tubing and despite the best efforts of Ober Gatlinburg, Inc. serious or fatal injury may occur.

By signing this agreement, I hereby release and indemnify Ober Gatlinburg, Inc. for any loss or damages arising out of the aforementioned injuries resulting from snow tubing. I further promise to bind myself, my heirs, administrators and executors to repay Ober Gatlinburg, Inc. any sum of money they may hereafter be compelled to be paid because of future claims by my minor child. I understand that snow tubing is included in the Tennessee Ski Area Liability Act as an assumed risk activity.

I also agree to give Ober Gatlinburg, Inc. permission to use my photograph and/or images in its promotional materials and publicity efforts. Notwithstanding the above, if I sue Ober Gatlinburg, I agree that I will only sue it, whether on my own behalf or on behalf of a family member, in the State or Federal Court of Tennessee. I further acknowledge and understand that this agreement shall be governed solely by the laws of the State of Tennessee. I agree that if any part of this agreement is determined to be unenforceable, all other parts shall be given full force and effect.

I have read and understand the above release.

Date:

Contact Phone #

Print Name:

Signature:

Address:

City: State: Zip:

IF UNDER 18: Parent/Guardian Signature:

Birth Date of Minor:

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Addendum #8: Moot Court Ideas and Tips

If this is your first moot court competition, you may want some tips on how to prepare. Here are some suggestions to help you get started. There is a lot of material, but if you take a structured approach, you will find the competition exciting instead of overwhelming:

1) Read through all the information. It’s okay if you don’t understand everything, but make sure you understand what happened in the case. Fortunately, the facts are all contained in “Part I: Facts” section in the Statement of the Case document. Start there! Remember, these are ALL the facts of the case. You won’t be calling witnesses or introducing evidence, so use what’s already there to help you.

2) After you understand what happened, pick a side you want to argue for. For this

competition, it does not matter which side you pick, so pick the one you think you can make the best argument for.

3) Look for citations. A citation is a reference to another court case. Lawyers often look at

how a judge decided in an older case and try to convince the court to decide the same way. Citations are pretty easy to identify, since they are italicized in the opinion. They usually include a reference (which might look like this, for example: Crawford v. Marion Cnty. Election Bd., 553 U.S. 181 (2008). Each time a citation is used, it means someone is trying to say that the case being cited is important. Sometimes the case supports your side and you want to point that out. Other times, the case supports your opponents, so you want to show why it is not applicable.

4) Develop your argument. Remember there are only two issues being considered, so don’t

waste your time on something that isn’t one of those two issues. If you forget the issues, you can see them in the Writ of Certiorari at the end of the case packet. As you develop your argument, try to connect the facts with the cases that support them. Also be prepared to show the judges why the facts do not support your opponent’s arguments. If you find a case that supports your opponents, show why the facts of Elaine Fairchilde v. Daniel Tiger are different.

5) Remember, moot court is not about WINNING the argument. It is about making a good

argument. The result of the case does not matter - it only matters how well you can present your side.

6) Moot court is not about memorizing facts or cases. You can use your notes during the

competition, so don’t worry about having to remember every last detail. Don’t be afraid to ask your advisor for help. Although your advisor can’t help you in the competition, you can certainly get some help in understanding the cases and the facts and in developing your argument before the competition! Try a few practice runs before the competition day so you can feel confident.

2020 WINTERFEST MOOT COURT COMPETITION No. 20-565

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

February Term, 2020

Elaine Fairchilde et al.,

Petitioners,

v.

Daniel Tiger,

Respondent.

RECORD ON APPEAL

Daniel Tiger, Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.

Elaine Fairchilde et al., Defendants-Appellees.

No. 19-3055

United States Court of Appeals for the Thirteenth Circuit

Argued March 26, 2019 Decided June 17, 2019

ROGERS, Circuit Judge.

Today we must decide whether the photo identification requirement of the State of Wintervale’s Voter ID statute, which does not allow voters the opportunity to vote without photo identification unless they qualify for a limited religious exception, violates the First and Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution. The District Court granted summary judgment for the defendants.

REVERSED and REMANDED.

I. Facts and Procedural History The

facts of this case are undisputed.

Wintervale’s Voter Identification Statute In March of 2018, the State of Wintervale

enacted its Voter ID Statute:

(a) In all municipal, county, or statewide elections conducted in the State after October 31, 2020, a duly-registered voter who does not present a valid, government-issued

photo identification at the time and place of voting shall not be permitted to vote. Acceptable forms of identification under this statute are limited to a State-issued photo identification card, a valid United States passport, and a current student photo identification from a public university in the State of Wintervale.1

(b) A voter who refuses to have a personal photo taken due to a bona fide religious objection shall be permitted to cast a provisional ballot without presenting a valid photo identification if the voter has previously refused to be photographed for a state-issued photo identification, provided that within six (6) business days after voting, the voter executes an affidavit at the Election Board office in the county in which the voter is registered to vote attesting to the voter’s religious objection to being photographed.

12 WINT. GEN. STAT. § 56 (2019).

Prior to passage of the statute, the legislature made the following findings: (1) the State of Wintervale has 4.6 million registered voters, 98% of whom possess photo identification that is valid under § 56; (2) during the 2016 general elections, twenty-three environmental advocates from the State of Braxton attempted to illegally vote in Springfield, Wintervale in an effort to

1 Wintervale permits absentee voting, but a photocopy of valid photo identification must accompany the mailed-in ballot. 12 WINT. GEN. STAT. § 57 (2014).

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influence a land-use ballot initiative;2 (3) expert testimony established that where an illegal voter attempts to vote without photo identification in a State subject to a photo-identification requirement, the illegal voter would be just as likely to contravene any alternative identification process, such as an affidavit requirement; and (4) 94% of Wintervale’s voters have their photo identifications on their person at least once during the day.

The State allocated two million dollars to educate voters about § 56 and to provide free access to the required photo identifications in all Department of Motor Vehicle offices and state-sponsored institutions of higher education. As of the date of hearing before this court, the State had spent one of the two million dollars allocated.

Homelessness in Wintervale Definition of Homelessness

The State of Wintervale has adopted in its entirety the federal definition of homelessness. The relevant parts of 42 U.S.C. § 11302, which have been incorporated into 5 WINT. GEN. STAT. § 6 (2010), are as follows:

(a) For purposes of this chapter, the terms “homeless,” “homeless individual,” and “homeless person” means [sic]

(1) an individual or family who lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence;

2 The illegality was discovered after one of the Braxton residents posted a picture to Facebook that showed their group standing outside a clearly marked Springfield, Wintervale polling place with carbon copies of their ballots. Each was charged with a misdemeanor and subjected to a $50.00 fine.

(2) an individual or family with a primary nighttime residence that is a public or private place not designed for or ordinarily used as a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings, including a car, park, abandoned building, bus or train station, airport, or camping ground;

(3) an individual or family living in a supervised publicly or privately operated shelter designated to provide temporary living arrangements (including hotels and motels paid for by Federal, State, or local government programs for low-income individuals or by charitable organizations, congregate shelters, and transitional housing)

(4) an individual who resided in a shelter or place not meant for human habitation and who is exiting an institution where he or she temporarily resided[.]

Homelessness Statistics The record also contains reports released by the

State of Wintervale’s Homeless Commission—an official state body—which show that as of 2017: (1) the State of Wintervale had 19,200 homeless men, women, and children; (2) the average duration of homelessness for all homeless people lasted 701 days, while the median duration of homelessness lasted 200 days; (3) 10% of all homeless residents of Wintervale regularly attend religious services.

The State of Wintervale’s actual population is approximately 6.5 million. The homeless represent 0.3% of the population (this includes both the sheltered and unsheltered homeless) and number approximately 19,200. Nationally, less than one percent of the population is homeless. See U.S. DEPT. OF HOUS. AND URBAN DEV., OFFICE OF CMTY. PLANNING AND DEV., ANNUAL

3

HOMELESS ASSESSMENT REPORT (AHAR) TO CONG. (2017).3

Homeless Veteran Data Wintervale’s Homeless Commission reports

indicate that, as of 2017, 23% of Wintervale’s homeless population are veterans of the armed services. Of these, 67% displayed combat-induced symptoms of mental illness. The average duration of homelessness for veterans of the armed services was 801 days, while the median was 300 days. Dr. Stephanie Hatter, the Chief of Mental Health Care at Springfield’s Veterans Administration Hospital, said in deposition: “Based on my thirty years treating veterans of foreign wars, the confluence in symptoms found in [the Plaintiff]—chiefly, his alcoholism and PTSD—tends to be highly predictive of chronic or prolonged homelessness. Our numbers suggest that 80% of the men and women who became homeless and display these conditions will remain homeless for three years or more.”

Homelessness and Photo Identification A 2007 joint study conducted by Wintervale’s

Department of Motor Vehicles and the State’s Homeless Commission found:

Ready and easy access to photo identification is critical in the post-9/11 world. Wintervale’s homeless population has the lowest rate of photo identification possession of any measured subgroup. (The subgroups include: the elderly, the physically handicapped, and the mentally handicapped.) The transience of homelessness combined with the limited ability of

3 The 2017 AHAR is fully incorporated into the evidentiary record.

homeless people to protect their possessions will continue to contribute to the low rate of photo identification possession.

Homelessness and Voting The record also contains reports released by the

State Election Board indicating that 4,400 of Wintervale’s 19,200 homeless men and women are registered to vote. Over the last ten years an average of 1,101 homeless people voted in each election.

Plaintiff’s Evidentiary Record In December 2017, Plaintiff, then age 25 and a

confirmed atheist, returned to Springfield, Wintervale following an honorable discharge from the United States Army. The return to civilian life from his most recent deployment in Afghanistan challenged the Plaintiff. Signs of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) began to emerge shortly after his return. The record indicates that the Plaintiff did not immediately seek medical treatment, but rather, self-medicated with alcohol. By February 2018, the Plaintiff’s PTSD impacted his work performance at a large commercial hardware store. Because his work performance suffered as a result of his PTSD and alcohol use, his employment was terminated shortly thereafter. By month’s end he was evicted and his homelessness began. The Plaintiff had semi-regular access to a homeless shelter where he was able to secure a bed three out of seven nights a week. He was also had continuous access to medical care, because Springfield has the State’s largest VA hospital.

In May 2018, the Plaintiff participated in Springfield’s and Beyonde County’s primary elections. The Plaintiff has voted in all of the elections in which he has been eligible to vote since he turned eighteen. In August 2018, the Plaintiff reported to shelter operators and police that his personal effects

were stolen as he slept. Among the relevant items stolen were his state-issued photo identification, military identification, and birth certificate. Depositions taken from homeless shelter operators and local police establish that homeless residents of Wintervale experience a far higher incidence of thefts than do non-homeless residents. The risk is no different when a homeless resident stays in a homeless shelter or is sleeping outdoors. In his deposition, the Plaintiff testified as follows:

Plaintiff’s Counsel: How would you describe life in the shelter?

Mr. Tiger: Pure hell man. My stuff is stolen all the time.

Plaintiff’s Counsel: What kinds of items are taken?

Mr. Tiger: The first time it happened, I lost everything straight out of my backpack: wallet, military ID, birth certificate, driver’s license, shoes, jackets.

Plaintiff’s Counsel: Did you ever file a police report for these items?

Mr. Tiger: You bet. I wanted my stuff back.

Plaintiff’s Counsel: Did you ever replace any of those items?

Mr. Tiger: I sure did. But it was always so difficult to get a ride to the county offices. There is a bus, but it costs two dollars to ride, and it only goes out to the county offices on Mondays and Wednesdays. I had to call the state to get another copy of my birth certificate, but that took a month, and I had to give ’em an address where they could send it to me. Luckily this soup kitchen I took some meals at said I could use their address, and I eventually got my birth certificate back. I then was able to swing a

ride to get back to the DMV, and I got my identification back.

Plaintiff’s Counsel: How long did that process take?

Mr. Tiger: Four months.

Plaintiff’s Counsel: When you got your identifications back, did you do anything different to secure your possessions?

Mr. Tiger: Sure did, started putting things in this lockbox the shelter lets you keep stuff in. It’s behind the desk and everything. But a week after that, stuff got stolen out of the lockbox.

Plaintiff’s Counsel: Do you intend on voting in the Wintervale’s November 2020 election?

Mr. Tiger: Absolutely. I haven’t missed an election in my adult life.

Plaintiff’s Counsel: If you were unable to meet the photo identification requirement, would you be willing to swear an affidavit to your identity so that you could vote?

Mr. Tiger: Yes.

After the second theft, the Plaintiff met with Legal Aid of Wintervale to see if the organization could assist him in his subsidized-housing application. 4 While sitting in Legal Aid’s lobby before his first meeting with a Legal Aid attorney, the Plaintiff read an article about the requirements of § 56. During his meeting, the Plaintiff spoke with the interviewing attorney about § 56, and the Plaintiff expressed concern that the law would

4 The plaintiff was able to get on the State Housing Commission’s waitlist. The Commission estimates housing will be offered to the Plaintiff in mid-2021.

5

prevent him from voting. A week later, the Legal Aid lawyer asked the Plaintiff if he would be willing to be the named plaintiff in an upcoming challenge to Wintervale’s Voter ID statute. The Plaintiff consented.

Procedural History In October 2018, the Plaintiff filed suit against

Elaine Fairchilde and the other commissioners of the State Election Board, invoking federal jurisdiction under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 and 28 U.S.C. § 1343. He alleges harm stemming from Wintervale’s Voter ID law on account of his homelessness. He asserts injury to himself and similarly situated homeless voters, registered and unregistered (but otherwise eligible to vote), in the State of Wintervale who do not qualify for an exception to § 56. He seeks a declaration that § 56 violates his First and Fourteenth Amendment rights because the photo identification requirement of § 56 does not contain relevant exceptions. The Plaintiff also seeks a permanent injunction against the implementation of § 56.5

In late December 2018, following discovery, both the Defendants and Plaintiff filed motions for summary judgment. The District Court denied the Plaintiff’s motion in its entirety and denied the Defendants’ motion that the Plaintiff’s claim was not yet ripe for judicial consideration. However, the

5 Other challenges to § 56 are at various stages in the state and federal court system. Because all other cases challenge § 56 under suspect-class theories of Equal Protection and § 2 of the Voting Rights Act, the district court denied motions to intervene filed by other individuals and groups seeking to join the suit as plaintiffs. FED. R. CIV. P. 24(a)(2)-(b). Although the Plaintiff initially argued that Wintervale’s homeless citizens constitute a suspect class, the district court rejected the argument. Plaintiff has not raised the argument before this court, and we treat the argument as waived.

District Court granted the Defendants’ motion based on Crawford v. Marion Cnty. Election Bd., 553 U.S. 181 (2008). The court determined that “Crawford has already reached and disposed of the Plaintiff’s constitutional objections to § 56.”

Plaintiff filed a timely appeal. He contends that, although the court below correctly found his claim ripe for judicial review, it erred as matter of law because: (1) Crawford did not reach the constitutional question at issue and thus did not foreclose his voting-rights claim; and (2) he has alleged sufficient, undisputed evidence to satisfy the Supreme Court’s balancing test under Anderson v. Celebrezze and Burdick v. Takushi. 460 U.S. 780 (1983); 504 U.S. 428 (1992). Accordingly, the Plaintiff asks this Court to reverse the court below and grant his motion for summary judgment.

II. Ripeness

We begin by addressing the anticipatory nature of the Plaintiff’s First and Fourteenth Amendment claims. The Defendants argue that the Plaintiff’s claim is not yet ripe for judicial review. We disagree.

The doctrine of ripeness is a “justiciability doctrine designed ‘to prevent the courts, through avoidance of premature adjudication, from entangling themselves in abstract disagreements[.]’” Nat’l Park Hospitality Ass’n v. Dep’t of the Interior, 538 U.S. 803, 807-08 (2003) (quoting Abbott Laboratories v. Gardner, 387 U.S. 136, 148-49 (1967). A “claim is not ripe for adjudication if it rests upon contingent future events that may not occur as anticipated, or indeed may not occur at all.” Texas v. United States, 523 U.S. 296, 300 (1998) (internal quotations omitted). The Constitution requires, as a prerequisite for federal court jurisdiction, that at least a

6

“realistic danger” exists that a plaintiff will “sustain[] a direct injury as a result of the statute’s operation or enforcement.” Id. at 1139. Thus, an issue is ripe when it (1) is fit for judicial decision, and (2) will create hardships to the parties if the court withholds consideration of the matter. Nat’l Park, 538 U.S. at 808.

A.

We first turn to the fitness of the Plaintiff’s claim for judicial review. An issue is fit for judicial review when the factual record is sufficiently developed such that no “further factual development would ‘significantly advance [the court’s] ability to deal with the legal issues presented,’” and no additional procedural or Article III deficiencies have been identified. Nat'l Park Hospitality Ass'n., 538 U.S. at 812 (quoting Duke Power Co. v. Carolina Envtl. Study Grp., Inc., 438 U.S. 59, 82 (1978)). The Defendants argue that the Plaintiff is unable to allege sufficient facts to satisfy the Court’s evidentiary standard set forth in Crawford and that further factual development is necessary to fully reach the legal issues presented. 553 U.S. 181, 200 (2008) (lead opinion of Stevens, J.). The Defendants also argue that Plaintiff’s complaint presents exactly the kind of “abstract disagreement” the Court contemplated in National Park. 538 U.S. at 807-08. The Defendants urge us to leave the Voter ID law undisturbed so that a trial court in a subsequent suit may fully consider the actual impact § 56 has on homeless voters. We find neither argument persuasive.

As for the Defendants’ first argument, we agree that Crawford is relevant to the present ripeness inquiry. Crawford requires dismissal when a plaintiff develops an insufficient evidentiary record. 553 U.S. 181 at 204. In Crawford, the Court found the plaintiffs failed to introduce a “single

affidavit” that indicated the magnitude of the impermissible burdens created by Indiana’s polling-place photo identification requirement. Id. The Plaintiff in today’s case has developed a more extensive record of injury to him and those similarly situated. Thus, further factual development would not substantively impact our analysis of Plaintiff’s claim.

The Defendants’ second argument fails because a plaintiff is not required to expose himself to actual harm associated with a statute’s enforcement when enforcement of the statute is certain. Steffel v. Thompson, 415 U.S. 452, 459 (1974). The issue is even more acute in the election context. Generally, pre-enforcement challenges grow more suspect on ripeness grounds the greater the time between the challenge and the first date of actual enforcement. See, e.g.,

Simmonds v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 326 F.3d 351, 357 (2003) (“[R]ipeness is, then, a tool that courts may use . . . to avoid becoming embroiled in . . . constitutional issues that time may make easier or less controversial.”). However, pre-enforcement challenges to election procedures are often ineffective when the election is imminent and the court has “inadequate time to resolve the factual disputes.” Purcell v. Gonzalez, 549 U.S. 1, 5-6 (2006) (staying an injunction issued one month before an election against Arizona’s polling-place photo identification requirement). Purcell recognized that when the federal courts invalidate an election procedure too close to an election, voters experience “confusion and [the] consequent incentive to remain away from the polls.” Id. at 4-5. Therefore, a pre-enforcement challenge to an election procedure is properly filed when it can be adjudicated with enough time to allow the State to reeducate voters about a new election procedure if the court issues an injunction, but also when there is not so

7

much time between the initiation of the lawsuit and the time of enforcement that the claim implicates National Park’s concern over “abstract disagreements.” 538 U.S. at 807-08.

The first application of § 56 is set to occur in a year and a half. Given this length of time, the State certainly has enough time to educate voters that photo identification will not be a prerequisite to voting. Thus, Purcell is satisfied. Additionally, the Plaintiff has developed a sufficient factual record so that we may reach the merits on the factual record as established. We therefore hold the Plaintiff has satisfied the first prong of the ripeness inquiry.6

B.

The second requirement for ripeness— hardship to the party—coincides with the standing requirement and ultimately necessitates the litigated issue to be “definite and concrete, not hypothetical or abstract.” Railway Mail Ass’n v. Corsi, 326 U.S. 88, 93 (1945). A ripe pre-enforcement challenge requires a high measure of certainty that the statute will be enforced to the detriment of the complaining party. Steffel, 415 U.S. at 459; see also Fla. State Conf. of the NAACP

6 The Supreme Court has held that where a labor union’s election procedures infringe on a plaintiff’s expressive interests, the “resolution of the threshold question whether the election procedures are subject to scrutiny under the First Amendment at all” is not aided by actual occurrence of an election. Babbitt v. United Farm Workers Nat'l Union, 442 U.S. 289, 30001 (1979). Babbit addressed an election in the context of a union representative, which arguably differs from that of a general election. Id. However, we find Babbitt as illustrative of voting challenges.

v. Browing, 522 F.3d 1153, 1164 (11th Cir. 2008).

The record demonstrates the Plaintiff has been unable to secure and maintain possession of the type of identification required by § 56. The record further indicates this inability stems from his battle with PTSD, alcohol use, joblessness, and homelessness, all of which resulted from his recent return to life from the military. Dr. Stephanie Hatter’s deposition is persuasive: “Based on my thirty years treating veterans of foreign wars, the confluence in symptoms found in [the Plaintiff]—chiefly, his alcoholism and PTSD—tends to be highly predictive of chronic or prolonged homelessness. Our numbers suggest that 80% of the men and women who became homeless and display these conditions will remain homeless for three years or more.” Based on Dr. Hatter’s testimony, we find it is highly unlikely the Plaintiff will reach the point of sufficient stability to be able to secure and maintain housing and protect his identifying documents before the November 2020 elections. Therefore, the Plaintiff will almost certainly be denied the right to vote as a result of § 56. The evidentiary record further indicates § 56 will injure hundreds of Wintervale’s homeless voters.

We therefore find the Plaintiff’s claim ripe for judicial consideration.

III. Voting Rights Challenge

Plaintiff seeks to permanently enjoin the implementation of Wintervale’s Voter ID statute because the photo identification requirement impermissibly infringes on his fundamental right to vote under the First and Fourteenth Amendments. In order to be granted permanent injunctive relief, a plaintiff must demonstrate certain and irreparable harm in the absence of an injunction, and the

8

inadequacy of other legal remedies, such as monetary damages. Sanders v. Foster-Miller, 572 F.2d 843 (13th Cir. 2012). Plaintiff seeks relief because a photo identification requirement without reasonable and relevant exceptions is unconstitutional under the First and Fourteenth Amendments.

A.

The United States Supreme Court has long held that “voting is of the most fundamental significance under our constitutional structure.” Illinois Bd. of Elections v. Socialist Workers Party, 440 U.S. 173, 184 (1979). This fundamental right, “an inseparable aspect of the 'liberty' assured by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment,” guarantees that voting will never be burdened absent a compelling State interest. Anderson v. Celebrezze, 460 U.S. 780, 787 (1983). 7 Voting regulations that condition the right to vote on factors such as wealth or race will never survive constitutional scrutiny regardless of the State’s asserted justification for the regulation. See, e.g.,

7 Our approach in this case is consistent with the Supreme Court’s analysis in Anderson v. Celebrezze, which it described as follows: “[W]e base our conclusions directly on the First and Fourteenth Amendments and do not engage in a separate Equal Protection Clause analysis. We rely, however, on the analysis in a number of our prior election cases resting on the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. These cases, applying the ‘fundamental rights’ strand of equal protection analysis, have identified the First and Fourteenth Amendment rights implicated by restrictions on the eligibility of voters and candidates, and have considered the degree to which the State's restrictions further legitimate state interests.” Anderson v. Celebrezze, 460 U.S. 780, 787 n. 7 (1983).

Harper v. Virginia, 383 U.S. 663 (1966) (invalidating Virginia’s $1.50 poll tax).

However, less clarity surrounds the constitutionality of evenhanded and generally applicable voting regulations that relate to voter qualifications. Compare Crawford, 553 U.S. 181, 185-204 (2006) (lead opinion of Stevens, J.), with id. at 204209 (Scalia, J., concurring). The Supreme Court is more willing to sanction regulations of this sort—of which, § 56 is one—because elections require “substantial regulation . . . if they are to be fair and honest[.]” Storer v. Brown, 415 U.S. 724, 730 (1974). While a state may not regulate the electoral process to the point of categorical exclusion, state regulation of the democratic process must “invariably impose some burden on individual voters.” Burdick v. Takushi, 504 U.S. 428, 433 (1992).

Evenhanded and generally applicable voting regulations are not immune from constitutional scrutiny. See, e.g., Anderson, 460 U.S. at 806. The Court addresses challenges under the balancing test announced in Anderson. 460 U.S. at 789. Under Anderson, a court must (1) identify the nature and magnitude of the asserted injury, (2) identify the state interests protected by the regulation at issue, and (3) balance the burdens against the interests. Id. Evenhanded and generally applicable voting regulations may only stand when the regulation’s burden on voters is sufficiently minimal or the state interest sufficiently weighty to justify the burden. See id.

Challenges under Anderson have never been subjected to a “litmus test” which distinguishes permissible from impermissible regulations. See, e.g., Crawford, 553 U.S. at 189-90 (lead opinion of Stevens, J.). The rigor and scrutiny a court should apply to a generally applicable voting regulation “depends upon the extent

9

to which a challenged regulation burdens First and Fourteenth Amendment rights.” Burdick, 504 U.S. at 434. In keeping with the functional nature of the inquiry, “[t]he results of this evaluation will not be automatic; . . . there is ‘no substitute for the hard judgments that must be made.” Id. at 789-90 (quoting Storer v. Brown, 415 U.S. 724, 730 (1974)).8 While strict scrutiny and rational basis review appear frequently in the cases, Anderson’s legacy is marked by no clear commitment to formal, pre-set levels of scrutiny. See, e.g., Crawford, 553 U.S. at 189-191 (announcing no formal rule regarding the level of scrutiny).

B.

We turn to the interests and the burdens to be balanced under Anderson. Under Anderson, a court “must identify and evaluate the precise interests put forward by the State as justifications for the burden imposed by its rule.” Anderson, 460 U.S. at 789 (emphasis added). Thus, we address Anderson’s two requirements: (1) the precise interest, and (2) the burden. Id.

A government satisfies the precise interest requirement under Anderson when it identifies the State’s interest with an exactitude that goes beyond the State’s

8 The dissent challenges our characterization of the inquiry that Anderson and its progeny require. While we agree that the cases characterize the scrutiny required or applied in variable terms, compare Anderson, 460 U.S. at 789, with Burdick, 504 U.S. at 433-34, we fail to see how Burdick requires us to apply either strict scrutiny or something like rational basis review at the expense of intermediate scrutiny. 504 U.S. at 433-34. Even if Burdick did so hold, Crawford (decided more than 15 years after Burdick) clearly embraces a framework entirely inconsistent with a strict reading of Burdick. Crawford, 553 U.S. at 200 (lead opinion of Stevens, J.).

generalized interest in the effective functioning of the electoral process and that is responsive to the burden alleged by plaintiffs. See generally, Crawford, 553 U.S. at 192-97 (lead opinion of Stevens, J.). Whether the State’s interest is sufficiently precise or sufficiently responsive to the plaintiff’s claim is a matter of law to be determined by the court. These are the “hard judgments” Anderson requires us to make. 460 U.S. at 789-90. Because the Plaintiff in this case claims § 56 is unconstitutional for want of relevant exceptions, the Defendants must assert what the State’s interests are in having a voter ID statute that provides alternative means of compliance for only one group of voters – those with bona fide religious objections to being photographed.

We next turn to the burdens cognizable under the Anderson inquiry. In order for a voting regulation to be violative of Anderson, the burden must be sufficiently severe in light of the interests advanced by the State. Crawford, 553 U.S. at 190-91 (lead opinion of Stevens, J.). No matter the number of voters burdened or how “slight” the burden to an individual, sub-group, or a large group of voters, the burden “must be justified by relevant and legitimate state interests ‘sufficiently weighty to justify the limitation.’” Id. at 191 (quoting Norman, 502 U.S. at 288-89). In light of the facts and circumstances before us today, § 56 will only survive constitutional scrutiny if the Defendants’ interest in a regulation that does not contain generally applicable exceptions justifies the burden to the Plaintiff’s voting rights.

The Defendants and the dissent argue that an election regulation is only constitutionally suspect under Anderson when it is reasonably foreseeable that voters generally would experience a substantial burden because of the regulation. We

10

disagree. While we do not dispute that larger classes are often more successful under Anderson than are smaller classes, to conclude the Anderson inquiry bars claims by smaller segments of the population circumvents Anderson’s flexible doctrine. Anderson itself invalidated a voting regulation when Ohio’s interests did not justify the burdens placed on an independent presidential candidate’s small group of supporters: “our primary concern is not the interest of [the] candidate . . . but rather, the interests of the voters who chose to associate together to express their support for Anderson's candidacy[.]” Id. To interpret Anderson and its progeny as the dissent would, the state actor would only need to show that a generally applicable voting regulation did not impermissibly burden voters generally and the inquiry would end. This reading of Harper and Anderson turns a constitutional inquiry into a rubberstamp examination of a regulation’s impact on most voters. We cannot endorse a theory of the Fourteenth Amendment which will categorically prohibit individuals and small groups of voters from protecting their constitutional rights under Anderson and its progeny.

C.

We next address the precedential value of Crawford v. Marion County Election Board. 553 U.S. 181 (2008). In Crawford, the Court reviewed the constitutionality of Indiana’s polling-place photo identification requirement. Id. While the Court upheld Indiana’s voter identification statute, it did so without a majority opinion. Justice Stevens’ lead opinion (joined by Chief Justice Roberts and Justice Kennedy) balanced Indiana’s interests against the plaintiffs’ burden and concluded that the interests “advanced by the State [were] . . . sufficient to defeat petitioners’ facial challenge” to the statute. Id. at 203. Justice

Scalia’s concurrence (joined by Justices Thomas and Alito) found the statute constitutional on the ground that the State had no obligation to consider the impact the legislation would have on individual voters or subgroups. Id. at 204-209. Even though Crawford emerged with no majority opinion, under the “narrowest ground approach” we draw Crawford’s rule from the point of consensus among all of the concurring judges. See generally, Nichols v. United States, 511 U.S. 738, 745 (1994). We conclude the only workable rule that emerges from Crawford—the only point of real consensus between Justice Stevens’ lead opinion and Justice Scalia’s concurrence—is that Anderson and Burdick are still good law. Because Justice Stevens’ reading of Anderson and Burdick is more consistent with the substance of the cases, we draw principles of interpretation from Crawford’s lead opinion.

We do not find that Crawford resolves the case before us today. Crawford announced the evidentiary standards the Constitution requires under the Anderson inquiry. Crawford, 553 U.S. at 204 (lead opinion of Stevens, J.). The plaintiffs’ constitutional claims failed because the plaintiffs did not develop a sufficient evidentiary record. Id. at 200. For instance, the lead opinion noted a lack of supporting affidavits and identification of “the number of registered voters without photo identification.” Id. We are not faced with the same problem today. The record before us is well developed as to the burdens faced by the Plaintiff. The record also contains highly credible, statistical information that demonstrates hundreds of homeless voters will be denied the right to vote under § 56.

Furthermore, the photo identification requirement before us today is far more burdensome than the photo identification requirement at issue in Crawford. Id. at 199-

11

200. Specifically, the Indiana law contained a provision permitting voters lacking approved photo identification to cast a provisional ballot, which, upon the execution of an affidavit at the circuit court’s office within ten days following the election, would then be counted. Id. Crawford’s lead opinion suggested a constitutional distinction between a strict voter identification statute, such as § 56, and a polling-place photo identification requirement with generally applicable exceptions. Id. at 199-200. The presence of generally applicable exceptions, such were in the Indiana law, “mitigated” the burden of an election-day photo identification requirement. Id. The lead opinion speculated that “[i]t is unlikely that such a[n affidavit] requirement would pose a constitutional problem unless it is wholly unjustified.”9 Id. Because Wintervale’s § 56 lacks any generally applicable exceptions, non-religious voters in the State have no such mitigation equivalent.

D.

We now examine and balance the State’s interests in § 56, a limited exception photo identification requirement, against the Plaintiff’s injury due to the absence of relevant exceptions under § 56. Crawford,

9 Although corroborating authority is scant, courts have generally looked favorably on voting statutes that have contained exceptions. In a now-reversed decision, the District Court for the District of Columbia would have considered the case “a far closer” one had the legislature not defeated amendments which provided, among other concessions, that “indigent persons [could] cast provisional ballots without photo ID.” Texas v. Holder, 888 F. Supp. 2d 113, 144 (D.D.C. 2012) (finding Texas’ Voter ID statute to be unconstitutional) vacated and remanded, 133 S. Ct. 2886, 186 L. Ed. 2d 930 (U.S. 2013).

552 U.S. at 189-90 (lead opinion of Stevens, J.).

Wintervale’s Interest: Election Day Coordination

The State has an undeniable interest in the smooth facilitation of its election days, and a limited-exception photo identification requirement advances those interests to a certain degree. The photo identifications that satisfy § 56 are widely understood and widely possessed forms of identification. To this end, the Defendants argue that the cost of training a mostly volunteer staff of election workers is reduced, because workers are already familiar with these forms of identification and are able to readily spot fraud. Also, the Defendants note that the State will not need to expend resources training volunteer workers how to direct voters without identification through the processes often found in affidavit verification or other such measures. Finally, the Defendants claim that clear guidelines reduce voter confusion and promote quick turnarounds in the voting booth. When election lines are long—as they are for presidential elections—the State has an interest in quickly counting ballots so that the Secretary of State can advise its Electoral College voters. A complicated exceptions regime under § 56 would increase the amount of time and money necessary to complete the vote tallying process. We find that a limited-exception regime facilitates the ease of administration.

Wintervale’s Interest: Voter Fraud “There is no question about the legitimacy or

importance of the State’s interest in counting only the votes of eligible voters.” Crawford, 553 U.S. at 195 (lead opinion of Stevens, J.). Photo identification brings together multiple identifying data points—picture, address, height, weight, sex, eye color, and hair color—and can quickly

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an accurately verify a person’s identity. The Defendants also point to the legislative finding that a person motivated to vote illegally without proper photo identification is likely to swear to a false affidavit (or to take advantage of a similar exception procedure) in furtherance of his or her fraud. Finally, the Defendants have documented evidence of voter fraud which, undoubtedly, reduces voter confidence with the election.

The Plaintiff’s Burden The Plaintiff has demonstrated that he is unable to

keep adequate photo identification for any reliable length of time on account of his homelessness. The Plaintiff is a passionate member of the electorate who has followed Wintervale’s procedures and policies in order to obtain identifying documents, only to have those documents repeatedly stolen. Because § 56 does not permit a voter to exercise a fundamental right to vote where he or she does not possess the appropriate identifying documentation, the Plaintiff will likely be categorically prohibited from voting in the November 2020 primaries and beyond. Were a plaintiff’s inability to produce sufficient photo identification to “aris[e] from life’s vagaries,” but be ameliorable through a reasonable exception process, we might have no cause to question of the constitutionality of § 56. Crawford, 553 U.S. at 197-98 (“[T]he availability of the right to cast a provisional ballot provides an adequate remedy for problems.”). However, such is not the case before us.

The Plaintiff’s inability to maintain his photo identification goes well beyond the inconveniences of “life’s vagaries.” Id. The Plaintiff did not simply “lose his photo identification” or have “his wallet stolen on the way to the polls,” id.; rather, the condition of homelessness in the context of crippling illness renders him unable to protect his photo identification against the

dangers inherent to the condition of homelessness. There are likely hundreds of similarly situated homeless voters whose voting rights will be substantially burdened by § 56.

Balance of Interests and Burdens As Justice Stevens stated in Crawford, courts are

required to look at the circumstances unique to each voting rights claim and make “the ‘hard judgment’ that our adversary system demands.” Id. at 190 (lead opinion of Stevens, J.). We do not dispute the State has a “compelling interest in preserving the integrity of its election process.” Purcell v. Gonzalez, 549 U.S. 1, 4 (2006) (citation omitted). However, the unconstitutionality of § 56 ultimately lies in the absolute nature of its prohibition in light of the circumstances thrust upon the Plaintiff because of his homelessness. The Defendants cannot point to a meaningful state interest that justifies denying the Plaintiff the right to vote by means of a reasonable exception. We cannot take seriously the suggestion that the Plaintiff’s burden is justified because it would be too onerous to require polling-place workers to explain to the identification-less voter an affidavit or other alternative procedure. While we pass no judgment on what exceptions would be appropriate in light of the Plaintiff’s facts and circumstances—that is for the Wintervale legislature—we find the Plaintiff’s inability to exercise his right to vote, when balanced against the State’s minimal interests in preserving an limited exception statute, is unquestionably violative of the Constitution.

The decision of the DISTRICT COURT is AFFIRMED as to the ripeness of the Plaintiff’s claim and REVERSED as to the Plaintiff’s voting rights claim.

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This case is REMANDED to the DISTRICT COURT for entry of summary judgment for the Plaintiff and determination of the appropriate remedy.

ABERLIN, Circuit Judge, dissenting.

The Plaintiff seeks the Court’s resolution of the constitutionality of the State of Wintervale’s polling-place photo identification requirement. 12 WINT. GEN. STAT. § 56. I would find the Plaintiff’s claim is not ripe for judicial consideration and, even if it were, that this claim must fail on the merits. Accordingly, I respectfully dissent.

I. Ripeness

The majority correctly characterizes the doctrine of ripeness: the ripeness injury turns on (1) the fitness of the issues for judicial review and (2) the hardships to the parties of withholding court considerations. Nat’l Park, 538 U.S. at 808. Because I believe that certainty or at least strong likelihood of injury is essential to either prong and that the Plaintiff is unable to establish the requisite degree of certainty to raise a ripe claim, I would find the issue is not ripe for judicial consideration.

Under the ripeness doctrine, the injury asserted must be “definite and concrete, not hypothetical or abstract,” Railway Mail Ass’n v. Corsi, 326 U.S. 88, 93 (1945). While plaintiffs do not need to suffer actual injury in order to raise a ripe claim, ripeness requires far more certainty than these facts suggest. Steffel v. Thompson, 415 U.S. 452, 459 (1974).

The Plaintiff attempts to establish the requisite certainty of injury in the following undisputed facts: (1) on two separate occasions, thieves stole the Plaintiff’s

ARTHUR, Circuit Judge, joins in the opinion.

identifying documents from the homeless shelter; (2) the Plaintiff needed to spend significant time and energy to replace those documents; (3) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is the cause of his homelessness and alcoholism; (4) the average recovery time for similarly-situated veterans runs well past the date of the first election impacted by § 56; and (5) because other people share the Plaintiff’s homelessness, others will be burdened just as the Plaintiff will be.

While I am not insensitive to the challenges faced by returning soldiers and the well-established effects of PTSD and alcoholism, the conclusion that the Plaintiff’s PTSD will render him unable to obtain and maintain identifying documents for the next year and a half simply assumes too much about the future course of the Plaintiff’s PTSD symptoms. Dr. Hatter’s suggestion that 80% of homeless veterans battle PTSD and alcoholism is certainly credible from an empirical standpoint, but the majority’s use of that statistic to predict the Plaintiff’s certain homelessness and inability to vote is in error.

As a matter of judicial notice, PTSD threatens the afflicted with bouts of rage followed by periods of calm. Triggers are latent and unpredictable. Recovery, too, is unpredictable. Dr. Hatter’s data is a good measure of the historical relationship between PTSD and homelessness, but it cannot be used to predict future events. In the same way that I am unable to conclude that the Plaintiff’s PTSD and its accompanying homelessness would never contribute to or cause an Article III injury, the majority is similarly not in a position to conclude that PTSD will be the certain cause

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of an Article III injury sufficient to sustain a pre-enforcement challenge to a law a year and a half away from implementation. Too much time and uncertainty remains between now and the election to conclude the Plaintiff will be unable to vote.

Finally, even if the Plaintiff is still homeless and suffering the effects of PTSD during the November 2020 election, there is no certainty or likelihood that he will lack the proper identification during the November 2020 elections. The Plaintiff has demonstrated—twice—that he is capable of obtaining appropriate photo identification. While it is clear that the Plaintiff’s transience make the loss of identification more likely, the bounds of Article III simply do not reach claims of such uncertain injury.

II. Voting Rights Challenge

Because the majority reaches the merits of the Plaintiff’s constitutional claim, I will address that aspect of the appeal. For the reasons set forth below, I would affirm the district court’s grant of summary judgment for the Defendants.

A.

I first briefly address Crawford’s bearing on the Plaintiff’s case. Crawford emerged without a clear majority opinion. Justice Stevens’ lead opinion received only three votes, and Justice Scalia’s concurrence received three votes. 553 U.S. at 181 (2008). The remaining three justices dissented. Id. I find that none of the opinions control today’s outcome. Like the majority, I would draw a rule from the point of consensus among all of Crawford’s concurring justices. See generally, Nichols v. United States, 511 U.S. 738, 745 (1994). I find the disagreements between Crawford’s lead opinion and its concurrence are so

fundamental that I must conclude that the only workable rule that emerges from Crawford is that Anderson and Burdick are still good law.10

B.

The majority makes two fundamental errors: (1) it limits the State of Wintervale’s relevant interests to those protected by the absence of exceptions to § 56; and (2) it misinterprets the appropriate level of scrutiny under Anderson and its progeny. I shall consider each in turn.

1.

The majority assumes Anderson’s “precise interest” requirement will only be satisfied when the Defendants assert state interests protected by the absence of exceptions to § 56. See supra p. 10. The error stems from the majority’s conclusion that the “precise interest” requirement requires a defendant relying on Anderson to assert state interests “responsive” to the burdens alleged by the plaintiff. Id. Thus, the majority only balances those interests protected by the absence of relevant exceptions to § 56, and does not account for the entire spectrum of interests protected by § 56. Anderson’s “precise interest” requirement requires a different reading.

At first glance, the majority’s position appears sound. When a plaintiff challenges a voting regulation’s explicit prohibitions, the “precise interest” requirement seems to require a defendant to assert only those state

10 Although I am not bound to either Crawford’s lead opinion or its concurrence, Justice Scalia’s reading of Anderson and its progeny more accurately characterizes the Court’s voting rights case law. His interpretation of Indiana’s polling-place voter identification requirement informs my analysis. Crawford, 553 U.S. at 20409 (Scalia, J. concurring).

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interests that respond directly to a plaintiff’s alleged burden. This is because the state interests protected by a voting regulation, and the burdens stemming from that regulation, tend to flow from the same place: the language of the statute. For example, in Burdick, Hawaii’s explicit ban on write-in voting caused the plaintiff’s alleged burden, and the Court addressed the interests protected by Hawaii’s ban. 504 U.S. at 43940. However, where a plaintiff challenges a voting regulation for what it does not contain, the majority’s interpretation of the “precise interest” requirement collapses.

Under Anderson, a court “must identify and evaluate the precise interests put forward by the State as justifications for the burden imposed by its rule.” Anderson, 460 U.S. at 789 (emphasis added). The majority reads “justifications” as requiring the Defendants to justify the absence of exceptions to § 56 in light of the Plaintiff’s specific claim of burden experienced due to the absence of exceptions.

However, the state-interest inquiry is not claim-focused. See, e.g., Crawford, 553 U.S. at 191-97 (lead opinion of Stevens, J.). The interest inquiry is only concerned with a voting regulation’s capacity to protect the state electoral process. Id. Crawford’s lead opinion acknowledged the three interests— election modernization, voter fraud, and safeguarding voter confidence—were “unquestionably relevant to the State's interest in protecting the integrity and reliability of the electoral process.” Id. at 191. This guidance is clear: the majority should have considered all of the ways in which § 56 protects the integrity and reliability of Wintervale’s election process. Thus, this court erred in limiting the relevant state interests to only those protected by the absence of exceptions to § 56.

2.

The majority writes: “Anderson’s legacy is marked by no clear commitment to formal, pre-set levels of scrutiny.” See supra p. 10. This is in error.

It is impossible to characterize Anderson without considering the extent to which Burdick narrowed Anderson’s scope. See Anderson v. Celebrezze, 460 U.S. 780 (1983); Burdick v. Takushi, 504 U.S. 428, 434 (1992). While the majority correctly notes that “the rigorousness of our inquiry into the propriety of a state election law depends upon the extent to which a challenged regulation burdens First and Fourteenth Amendment rights,” the majority erroneously concludes that the rigor of the inquiry will be as diverse as the array of burdens exemplified in the case law. Burdick, 504 U.S. at 434. Anderson, when decided, may have sanctioned the kind of functional balancing evidenced in today’s decision. U.S. 460 at 789. However, Burdick, decided nearly a decade after Anderson, clearly confined our inquiry to one of two levels of scrutiny: rational basis review or strict scrutiny. See Burdick, 504 U.S. at 434. Strict scrutiny will be applied to “severe restrictions” to ensure they are “narrowly drawn to advance a state interest of compelling importance.” Id. However, where “evenhanded restrictions that protect the integrity and reliability of the electoral process itself” are at issue, those restrictions are afforded deferential review. Burdick, 504 U.S. at 433. Burdick does not permit us to walk outside these narrow boundaries.

Even if the Plaintiff’s claim could stand, strict scrutiny under Anderson is only available to plaintiffs who can show that a voting regulation will substantially burden voters generally. Crawford, 553 U.S. at 204-06 (Scalia, J. concurring). Courts are unable to consider individualized, subjective evidence of the burden experienced by individuals and subgroups. Id. The cases

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consistently reinforce the Court’s focus on the general public. In Harper, the Court invalidated Virginia’s $1.50 poll tax because the Equal Protection Clause demands “no less than substantially equal state legislative representation for all citizens, of all places as well as of all races.” Harper v. Virginia State Bd. of Elections, 383 U.S. 663, 667-68 (1966) (emphasis added). In Anderson, independent presidential candidate, John Anderson, challenged the State of Ohio’s early-filing requirement for independent candidates because mainstream candidates had a later filing deadline. Anderson, 460 U.S. at 782. The Court held that Ohio’s early-filing deadline is impermissible where it “may have a substantial impact on independent-minded voters.” Id. at 782, 790. In Burdick, the Court rejected the merits of the petitioner’s claim that Hawaii’s failure to permit write-in voting abridged his First and Fourteenth Amendment rights because Hawaii’s prohibition on write-in voting . . . does not impose an unconstitutional burden upon the “First and Fourteenth Amendment rights of the State’s voters.” 504 U.S. at 441-42 (emphasis added).

The limitations of the equal protection in the voting rights context reinforce Anderson’s inability to reach the claims of individuals and subgroups. The Court has long-recognized that “there must be a substantial regulation of elections . . . if some sort of order, rather than chaos, is to accompany the democratic process.” Storer v. Brown, 415 U.S. 724 (1974). Burdick noted that “to subject every voting regulation to strict scrutiny and to require that the regulation be narrowly tailored to advance a compelling state interest . . . would tie the hands of States seeking to assure that elections are operated equitably and efficiently.” 504 U.S. at 433. This interest in the effective operation of elections is critical. The suggestion that the Plaintiff or a small group of homeless voters

might trigger strict scrutiny would “render[] meaningless” the entire universe of voting rights cases after Anderson and Harper. Crawford, 553 U.S. at 206 (Scalia, J. concurring). Accordingly, “ordinary and widespread burdens . . . are not severe.” Crawford, 553 U.S. at 205 (Scalia, J. concurring).

The burden of § 56, insofar as it will burden the right to vote, will be negligible to the 98% of Wintervale’s voters who already possess appropriate photo identification. Wintervale’s legislature found that 94% of registered voters carry § 56 appropriate photo identifications on their person at least once a day. The burden, for the vast majority of people, would be limited to the time and energy required to reach into their wallet or purse. For the 2% of voters who do not currently possess § 56 appropriate photo identification, Wintervale has appropriated significant resources—two million dollars—to educate the public and to provide free photo identification. Furthermore, the State delayed implementation of this important regulatory program so that voters would be prepared for the new regulation in 2020. In short, the State has done everything that the Constitution requires. Wintervale’s general voting population will not be unduly burdened by § 56.

The causes of the Plaintiff’s possible inability to obtain and protect state-issued photo identification are not shared by voters generally. Although the burden may be severe for the Plaintiff and a small number of others similarly situated, the Anderson inquiry does not reach claims where numbers of severely burdened—0.3% of Wintervale’s population, at most—is so small.

For these reasons I respectfully dissent.

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IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

February Term, 2020

Elaine Fairchilde et al.,

Petitioners,

v. Daniel Tiger,

Respondent.

ORDER

The petition for certiorari is granted as to the following questions:

1. Whether an action to permanently enjoin implementation of a voter identification statute is ripe for judicial consideration although the allegedly injurious statute has yet to take effect.

2. Whether a state statute requiring all voters, other than a narrow category of religious objectors, to present valid photo identification violates a voter’s the right to vote under the First and Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution.