Living Colour (End).pmd

'kdYwm0ef ta&;okH;yg;jynfaxmifpk rNyKduGJa&; 'kdYta&;

wkdif;&if;om; pnf;vkH;nDñGwfrI rNyKduGJa&; 'kdYta&;

tcsKyftjcmtmPm wnfwHhckdifNrJa&; 'kdYta&;

jynfolYoabmxm;Ä jynfytm;ukd; ykqdef½kd; tqkd;jrif0g'Drsm;tm; qefYusifMu/

Ä EkdifiHawmf wnfNidrfat;csrf;a&;ESifh EkdifiHawmfwkd;wufa&;ukd aESmifh,Suf zsufqD;olrsm;tm; qefYusifMu/

Ä EkdifiHawmf\ jynfwGif;a&;ukd 0ifa&mufpGufzufaESmifh,Sufaom jynfyEkdifiHrsm;tm; qefYusifMu/

Ä jynfwGif;jynfy tzsuform;rsm;tm; bkH&efoltjzpf owfrSwfacsrIef;Mu/

EkdifiHa&;OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yfÄ EkdifiHawmfwnfNidrfa&;? &yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh w&m;Oya'pkd;rkd;a&;?

Ä trsKd;om; jyefvnfpnf;vkH;nDñGwfa&;?

Ä ckdifrmonfh zGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya'opf jzpfay:vma&;?

Ä jzpfay:vmonfh zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'opfESifhtnD acwfrDzGHUNzKd;wkd;wufaom EkdifiHawmfopfwpf&yf wnfaqmufa&;?

pD;yGm;a&;OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yfÄ pkdufysKd;a&;ukdtajccHí tjcm;pD;yGm;a&;u@rsm;ukdvnf; bufpkHzGHUNzKd;wkd;wufatmif wnfaqmufa&;?

Ä aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf yDjyifpGmjzpfay:vma&;?

Ä jynfwGif;jynfyrS twwfynmESifh t&if;tESD;rsm; zdwfac:í pD;yGm;a&;zGHUNzKd;wkd;wufatmif wnfaqmufa&;?

Ä EkdifiHawmfpD;yGm;a&;wpf&yfvkH;ukd zefwD;EkdifrIpGrf;tm;onf EkdifiHawmfESifh wkdif;&if;om;jynfolwkdY\ vuf0,fwGif

&Sda&;?

vlrIa&;OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yfÄ wpfrsKd;om;vkH;\ pdwf"mwfESifh tusifhpm&dwåjrifhrm;a&;?

Ä trsKd;*kPf Zmwd*kPf jrifhrm;a&;ESifh ,Ofaus;rItarGtESpfrsm;? trsKd;om;a&;vu©Pmrsm; raysmufysufatmif

xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufa&;?

Ä rsKd;cspfpdwf"mwf &Sifoefxufjrufa&;?

Ä wpfrsKd;om;vkH; usef;rmBuHhckdifa&;ESifh ynm&nfjrifhrm;a&;?

2004.SEPTEMBER. LIVING COLOR 1

EkdifiHul;vufrSwfESifU ywfoufívkdufavsmrIrsm;ukd BuKdqkd

NyD;cJhaom Mo*kwfvqef;ykdif;rSpí jrefrmEkdifiHul;vufrSwfxkwfay;a&;tzGJUu jrefrmEkdifiHom;tm;vkH;okdY oufwrf; 2 ESpf&SdNyD; tBudrfBudrf tokH;jyKEkdifrnfh EkdifiHul;vufrSwfrsm; xkwfay;rnfhtpDtpOfudk pwifcJh&m jynfyESifh tull;toef;rsm;vmaom ,aeYtajctaeESifh rsm;pGm vkdufavsmnDaxGjzpfonfh BuKd;yrf;tm;xkwfrIwpf&yftaejzifh BuKdqkdvkdufygonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHul;vufrSwfxkwfay;a&;tzGJUrS ,cifu xkwfay;aeaom EkdifiHul;vufrSwfrsm;rSmwpfBudrfokH; trsKd;tpm;jzpfNyD; vufrSwfukdifaqmifxm;ol um,uH&Sif jrefrmEkdifiHwGif &Sdaeyguajcmufvom oufwrf;&S dcJ honf/ um,uH&Sif jynfyokd Y c&D;xGufNyD; jrefrmEk difiHok d Yjyefvnf0ifa&muf vmcsdefwGif tvkdtavsmuf oufwrf;ukefqkH;NyD; c&D;rxGufjzpfyguajcmufvjynh fvQif oufwrf; i,f wk d;&onf/ wpfESp f jynfhoGm;ygu topfuJhokd YjyefvnfavQmufxm;&onf/ ,cktpDtpOfopft& xkwfay;rnfh EkdifiHul;vufrSwfrsm;\ oufwrf;rSm"mwfy k Hyg pmrsufE SmwGi f azm f jyxm;onf htwk di f ; 2 E Sp f& S drnf jzp fonf/EkdifiHul;vufrSwfavQmufxm;onfh vkyfief;tqifhqifhukdvnf; jrefqefatmif pDpOfxm;onf[kod&onf/

,ckvkdufavsmrIrsm;onf usef;rma&;twGuf tBudrfBudrf aq;ukoGm;rnfholrsm;? jynfywGifynmoifMum;rnhfvli,frsm;twGuf txl;ajyvnfrIwpfck jzpfoGm;cJhonfukd awGU&onf/ ,cifpepfa[mif;wGif usef;rma&;twGuf aq;ukoGm;rnfhyk*¾Kdvfrsm;taejzifh rdrdwkdY usef;rma&;tajctaeukd ckepfvcefY BuKdwifod&Sd&efvkdtyfNyD; wpfBudrfjyefa&mufwkdif; topfjyefvnf avQmufxm;cJhMu&onf/

1988 ckESpfuyif pD;yGm;a&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm;ESifhtwl EkdifiHul;vufrSwfrsm; avQmufxm;&,la&;ESifh ywfoufívnf; jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm; jyKvkyfay;&ef xkdpOfu tpkd;&tzGJU wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;uajymMum;csufukd EkdifiHykdifowif;pmrsm;ü owif;xkwfjyefcJhonfukd pmzwfolrsm; rSwfrdMuOD;rnfxifygonf/ aemufykdif;wGif pD;yGm;a&;EkdifiHul;vufrSwfwpfrsKd;ukd wDxGifí vkdufavsmrIrsm;jyKvky fc J h aomfvnf; omrefE k di fi Hul;vufrSwf avQmufxm;rIrsm;uk d ,ciftwk di f;qufvufusifhokH;cJhonfukd awGU&onf/

rnfokdYyifjzpfap ,ckuJhokdY vkdufavsmrIrsm;ukd acwfESifhtnD jyKjyifay;cJhaom jrefrmEkdifiHtpkd;&wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh jrefrmEkdifiHul;vufrSwfxkwfay;a&;tzGJUwkdYukd txl;yif todtrSwfjyK aus;Zl;wif&SdygaMumif; Living Color u azmfjyvkdygonf/

t,f'Dwmt,f'Dwmt,f'Dwmt,f'Dwmt,f'Dwm3-8-2004

� � � � � � � � � � � � �

Chief Editor - ausmfrif;aqGEditor In Charge (Production) - rif;ZifEditor In Charge (News) - ausmfausmfatmifSenior Executive Editors - ausmfEkdif? rif;Ekdifpkd;Executive Editors - rsKd;ñGefYarmif? atmifausmfrif;?

aEG;tdNidrfh? ckdifcsKdaZmf0if;wifResearch & Development Editor - ZifZifaomfChief Reporter - aomif;xkdufStaff Reporters - qef;OD;(pD;yGm;ynm)? pkd;,ka0?

xm;xm;jrifh? Nidrf;td? auckdifausmf � � � � � � � � �

pkd;aomfwm� � � � � � � � � � � � �

Supervisor - rckdif

Staff Operators - rif;rif;ol? ik0gckdif � � � � � � �

at;at;qifh � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

General Manager - azatmifZifManager (Marketing) - ausmfoljrifhatmifAssistant Manager (Design & Planning) - Zmenf0if;Assistant Manager (Admin & Marketing) - pef;oDwmReceptionist - jzLjzLoDMarketing Assistants - apma*;aexl;? apmqmuD;vm;?

apmarmifarmifav;? ,kZevGif� � � � � � � � � � � �

General Manager - ausmfpkd;� � � � � � � � �

Supervisor - wif0if;xG#f � � � �

Office Superintendent - atmifausmfqef;

Assistant - rkd;ausmfvGif� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

odef;vGif? apmuay:xl;Cover Design - pkd;aomfwmColor Seperation - Best Colour

Cover Logo - atmifrif;?baX;Munf? jrifharmifausmf

Illustrator - soe thaw dar

� � � � � � � �

OD;&JEkdif0if; (NrJ- 3755)

trSwf 70(w)? aiG0wfrIef&dyfom

a&TawmifMum;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/� � � � � � �

ckdifoef;? Living Color ykHESdyfwkduf (NrJ-06348)

trSwf 27? jynfvrf;? vIdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/� � � � �

trSwf 38? (y-xyf? ,m) rykdvrf;? ajreDukef;? prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,f/

&efukef/ zkef;-526302? 4412163? zufpf-526302� � � � � �

Chief Editor - [email protected]

News Room - [email protected]

Marketing - [email protected]

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

Photographer - K.M.S (Super King), P.A.Z

B/W Film - PERFECT

Binding - opöm pmtkyfcsKyf � � � � ! " � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

xGef;OD;pmay? rEÅav;/Cover Permission - 685^2004(8)Circulation - 1000Price - 500 usyfCopyright - Living Color

aMumfjimESifh aps;0,fvrf;ñTefaMumfjimESifh aps;0,fvrf;ñTefaMumfjimESifh aps;0,fvrf;ñTefaMumfjimESifh aps;0,fvrf;ñTefaMumfjimESifh aps;0,fvrf;ñTef

aus;Zl;wifvTmþr*¾Zif;yg owif;? aqmif;yg;ESifh ukefaps;EIef;rsm;

twGuf tultnDay;cJhMuaom OK tDvufxa&mepf? *rkef;yGifhukefwkduf? ausmufajrmif;pwkd;? bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdif?a&Ttkd;qefqkdif (ouFef;uRef;)? OD;bpdef tqifhjrifh vQyfppff?a':at; tqifhjrifhvQyfppff? Mr. Slim, Ever Fine, KMD Com-

puter Center, Client Focus Technology Group, Bagan

Cybertech, e-Empire? pmayavmu(3)wkdYESifh anmifyifav;aps;?r*Fvmaps;rS rdwfaqGrsm;? pma&;q&m? yef;csDq&m? umwGef;q&m? 'DZkdif;q&mESifh rdwfaqGo*F[rsm;? ykHESdyf? zvif? pmtkyfcsKyftzGJU? a&mif;0,folrsm;? iSm;&rf;olrsm;? zwf½Itm;ay;olrsm;ESifh pmtkyfjzpfajrmufa&;twGuf tbufbufrS yg0ifulnDoltm;vk H;uk d Myanmar Partners Think Tank Group rSaus;Zl;wif&Sdygonf/

1 t,f'Dwmhtmabmf 4 ,ckv owif;tnTef; 5 ,ckv tBuKdufqkH;aMumfjim 6 ,ckv tBuKdufqkH;ukefypönf; 7 tusKd;aqmif

8 jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&;owif; 26 owif;aqmif;yg;

40 rsufESmzkH;aqmif;yg; pmMunfhwkdufrsm;\ tcef;u@

NzKd;0if;vwf? xm;xm;jrifh

48 awGUqHkjcif;]]pmMunfhwkdufESifh armfuGef;wkduf a&maeovkdrjzpfzkdY vkdygw,f}}(wuúokdvfrsm; A[kdpmMunfhwkduf tNidrf;pm;pmMunfhwkdufrSL; OD;aomfaumif;ESifhawGUqkHjcif;) NzKd;0if;vwf

52 jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&;tjrifacwfrDjynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm;wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifa&; rsKd;nGefYarmif

56 ynm&Sm&jcif;taMumif;t&if;ig;&yf armifjrifhaZmf

58 vkdtyfaeonfh pmMunfhwkdufaumif;rsm; rkd;psmef

60 NrKdUjyvlOD;a& ajymif;a&TYU0ifa&mufrIESifhtvkyftukdif tcGifhtvrf;rsm; t*¾

63 trsKd;orD;wkdY\ pGrf;&nfESifh wkd;wufrI

ZifZifaomf

66 ,aeYpD;yGm;a&;jrifuGif;qDrD;pmMunfhwkduf wif0if;xG#f?MNM

72 vpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;ESifhukd,fykdif[efwnfaqmufrI

atmifausmfrif;? ausmfrsKd;nGefY

78 tvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmaomjrefrmhykvJarG;jrLa&; rif;Ekdifpkd;

83 [kdbuf? onfbuf aZ,smtkef;

88 rkd;av0oESifh vlrIpD;yGm;tusKd;qufrsm;uH&Sif

92 a&S;a[mif;ypönf;aps;uGuf ZifZifaomf

96 &efukef ukefpnfaps;uGuf

rif;nGefY(L.C)

100 aps;0,fvrf;nTef102 umwGef;

'g½dkufwmatmifMuLMuL pdk;aomfwm

118 IT rdwfquftokH;wGifus,fvmawmhrnfhOnline e-Library pepfrsm;

NzKd;0if;vwf

121 &ufpGJrSwfwrf;123 wpfOD;wnf;ukd,fpm;vS,f125 awGUqHkaqG;aEG;rIrsm;127 xif&Sm;ausmfMum; jrefrmhpD;yGm;

130 ukrÜPDESifh pufrIvufrIvkyfief;rsm;rdwfqufMyanmar Asia Optical

International Co., Ltd.

132 ukefaps;EIef;139 jrefrmjynfwGifvkyfonf142 b,fypönf;bmhaMumifh

146 tawG;tjrif

ta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;okdY xGef;atmif

148 uRefawmf yef;csDukefonf (23) OD;vS0if;(avol&JwpfOD;)

151 aiG-aiG-aiG avmurSm aiG[mav (18) Munfrif;

156 pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;okH; 36 yg;ppfAsL[musrf; (18) vlxkpdef0if;

4 LIVING COLOR .SEPTEMBER. 2004

,ckv owif;tñTef;

2004 ckESpf Mo*kwfv 4 &ufaeYxkwf EkdifiHykdifowif;pmrsm;wGif azmfjyxm;aomt&G,fra&mufao;ol uav;oli,frsm;tm; ppfrIxrf;jcif;rS umuG,fwm;qD; xdef;odrf;a&;aumfrwD 'kwd,tBudrf n§dEIdif;tpnf;ta0;wGif twGif;a&;rSL; (2) 'kwd,AkdvfcsKyfBuD;odef;pdef

],ckv owif;tñTef;}u@ukd vwpfvtwGif; jzpfay:cJhonfh xl;jcm;onfhowif;

wpf&yfukd &nfñTef;rSwfwrf;wifonfhu@tjzpf zGifhvSpfxm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ þu@ukdvpOf azmifydwf&ufjzpfaom v\ 25 &ufukd rlwnfí &ufaygif; 30 twGif; rD'D,mrsKd;pkHrSazmfjycJhaom owif;rsm;teufrS txl;jcm;qkH;owif;ukd t,f'Dwmu pmzwfolrsm;tm;owdjyK rdapvkdí azmfjyjcif; jzpfygonf/ taMumif;t&ma&G;cs,fonfh rl0g'rSm t,f'DwmtzGJU\taMumif;t&ma&G;cs,fonfh rl0g'rSm t,f'DwmtzGJU\taMumif;t&ma&G;cs,fonfh rl0g'rSm t,f'DwmtzGJU\taMumif;t&ma&G;cs,fonfh rl0g'rSm t,f'DwmtzGJU\taMumif;t&ma&G;cs,fonfh rl0g'rSm t,f'DwmtzGJU\tmabmtmabmtmabmtmabmtmabmff fff

rdrdwdkhEkdifiHü uav;oli,frsm;\ vGwfvyfrIudk

umuG,fxdef;odrf;EkdifonfU Oya'rsm; xkwfjyefxm;?

t&G,fra&muf ao;onfU uav;oli,ftm;vkH;

ppfrIxrf; &jcif;rS umuG,fonfUOya'ESifU trdefhrsm;

&SdNyD;jzpfaMumif;


,ckv tBuKdufqkH;aMumfjim,ckvtBuKdufqkH;aMumfjimtjzpf NrKdUawmftoHvTifhXmerS wifqufaom ]aomif;ajymif;axGvm

&,fp&mr*¾Zif;}aMumfjimukd a&G;cs,fvkdufygonf/ tqkdygaMumfjimonf aMumfjimvkdaomr*¾Zif;\ Trends ukday:vGifapNyD; ,if;toHvTifhXmerS wifqufaeaom aMumfjimrsm;teuf xl;jcm;pGm qGJaqmif EkdifaomtoHtaetxm;jzifh wifqufEkdifaomaMumifh ,ckuJhokdY a&G;cs,fvkduf&jcif; jzpfonf/

zefwD;ol - umwGef;armifarmifatmifMumjrifhcsdef - 10 puúefY


,ckv tBuKdufqkH;ukefypönf;,ckv pdwfBuKdufukefypönf;tjzpf Zlvkdif 18 &ufaeYu pwifjzefYcsdonfh xGef;td`E´mAkd\

'kdif,m&D Live Show VCD um&mtkdauukd a&G;cs,fvkdufygonf/ 2003 ckESpf 'DZifbmv 19&ufESif h 20 &ufaeY rsm;u Strand Hotel ü usif;y&mwGif rl&if;vufrSwfa&mif;aps;jzpfaomav;axmifusyfESifh ajcmufaxmif usyf\ ig;qcefYtxd jrifhwufoGm;onfhtjyif VCD xGuf&Sd&müvnf;pxGufonfhaeYwGifyif 0,fvkdtm; rsm;jym;vGef;í ypönf;jywfvyfrIrsm; jzpfay:cJhjcif;? wpfcsyfpDcGJía&mif;csrnf[k owif;xkwfjyefNyD;rS ESpfcsyfukd wpfcsyfEIef;jzifh a&mif;csjcif; tp&Sdonfh xl;jcm;rIrsm;ukdawGU&ygonf/ ESpftwefi,f yl;aygif; azsmfajzrI vkH;0jywfawmufaeonfh rsK d;ausmhNrKdifESif hjyefvnfwGJzufoDqkdjcif;? Live Show vma&muf Munfh½Iolrsm;ukd rJjzifha&G;cs,fí npmpm;yGJjyKvkyf&muHxl;oltm;vkH; trsKd;orD;y&dowfjzpfaeaom xl;jcm;csuf&Sdjcif;? a&TqkdifwGif vufaqmiftjzpftcrJhay;aom yxrqkH; ADpD'Dum&mtkdaujzpfjcif;wkdYaMumifh ,ckuJhokdY a&G;cs,fjcif; jzpfygonf/

'g½kdufwm - "mwfykHyDwmaw;*Dw - Lazy Club

pDpOfol - Dr.ukdukdvGifxkwfvkyf^jzefYcsd - Iron Cross Home Entertainment

wnf;jzwf - aemfeef;vIdifuGef; (CMP)


� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� tusKd;aqmifu@ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

wkdufcef;iSm;&ef,kZeyvmZmab;? 'kwd,xyf? 12'½ x 45'?a&rD;? zkef;? Ari Con yg? tqifhjrifhygau;cif;NyD;/n§dEIdif;aps;Anm;'vvrf;rBuD;? wmarGNrKdUe,f/ zkef;-202354

ta&mufykdhay;rnf

Singapore Buying Guide 2004

Singapore Commercial & Industrial Guide 2004

Industrial Guide 2005

(green book)

Commercial & Consumer Guide 2005

(green book)

Ph: 540934, E-mail:[email protected]

a&mif;rnf

wkduf(topf)?wkduf(7)? yxrxyf? a&ausmf? ykZGefawmifNrKdUe,f/13' x 50'

n§dEIdif;aps;

wkduf(3)? 7 vTm? ok'oevrf;? ausmufajrmif;?wmarGNrKdUe,f/ 15' x 65'

n§dEIdif;aps;zkef;-709250

uGefysLwmiSm;&ef&Sdonf

Pentium III

Canon Printer ESifh Colour Printer wGJvsufwpfv (3)aomif;zkef;-710610

0efxrf;tvkd&SdonftvSjyifqkdifwGif wm0efxrf;aqmif&eftwGuf tvSjyifvkyfief;ukd pdwf0ifpm;aom tvkyfoif (okdY) uRrf;usiftrsKd;orD;0efxrf; (2)OD; tvkd&Sdonf/vSauoG,f (qHyifESifh rdwfuyftvSjyKjyifa&;)trSwf(215)? y-xyf? usKduúqHvrf;? ausmufajrmif;?wmarGNrKdUe,f/ zkef;-559976(ausmufajrmif;aps;rSwfwkdifa&SU)

0efxrf;tvkd&SdonfA+ Network uRrf;usifol - 2 OD;Graphic uRrf;usifol - 1 OD;DTP uRrf;usifol - 1 OD;

Quick Computer

35 vrf;(tv,f)? v0u½kH;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f/zkef;-250535

Business Opportunities in Malaysia

1. All advertising such as Newspaper, magazine etc.

2. Travel and tour

3. All kinds of Business contact and jobs

4. All kinds of Business contact and price.

5. Lowest price for all kinds of material please kindly

contact [email protected]

a&mif;rnfajrmuf'*kH(44)&yfuGuf? AkdvfrSL;Axl;vrf;? 45' x 60' (1 xyfwkduf um;*kda'gif? w,fvDzkef;yg NcHtjynfhaqmufxm;)NcHcwfNyD;om; odef; (120) usyf? zkef;-580331

0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonfaq;cef;tul r - (2) OD; tvkd&Sdonf/nae (3) em&DrS (5) em&DtwGif;vma&mufavQmufxm;Ekdifonf/a&T'EÅD (oGm;ESifhcHwGif;)37? OD;cspfarmifvrf;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f/ zkef;-545869


B U S I N E S S N E W StrSwf 111 2004 ckESpf? pufwifbmv

jrefrmUpD;yGm;a&;owif;

jrefrm - xkdif; ESpfEkdifiHtMum; obm0"mwfaiG h&SmazGa&;

oabmwlpmcsKyfopf csKyfqkd&efukef? Mo*kwf 9&efukef? Mo*kwf 9&efukef? Mo*kwf 9&efukef? Mo*kwf 9&efukef? Mo*kwf 9

xkdif;EkdifiHykdif pGrf;tifukrÜPD PTTEP International Ltd. ESifh jrefrmEkdifiHwkdYtMum; jrefrmhurf;vGef

yifv,fjyif ae&mESpfckwGif obm0"mwfaiGU &SmazGwl;azmfa&; tar&duefa':vm oef;aygif;rsm;pGmwefonfh

oabmwlnDcsufwpfckukd vufrSwfa&;xkd; twnfjyKvkdufaMumif; Mo*kwfv 7 &ufaeYxkwf jrefrmhtvif;

owif;pmwGif azmfjyxm;onf/

tqkdygprf;oyfwl;azmfrnfhae&mrsm;rSm PTTEP taejzifh avmavmq,f obm0"mwfaiGUwl;azmfxkwfvkyf

aeonfh &wemobm0"mwfaiGUvkyfuGufteD;wGif wnf&Sdonf/

avhvmpl;prf;rIrsm;t& jrefrmEkdifiH\ obm0"mwfaiGUokduf yrmPrSm 1442.05 bDvD,H ukArDwm&Sd

aemifESpfaygif; 157 ESpftwGif;xd xkwf,lEkdifpGrf;&Sdonf[k pGrf;tif pDrHudef;OD;pD;Xme nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyfOD;pkd;jrifh\

pmwrf;wpfckt& od&onf/

jrefrmEkdifiHtaejzifh tmqD,H BIMSTEC rJacgifa'ocGJ pD;yGm;a&;yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrItpDtpOfrsm;wGif

yg0ifvsuf&Sd&m xkdEkdifiHrsm;Mum;ü r[mAsL[majrmuftaetxm;wGif&SdaMumif;? xkdokdYwnf&SdrIaMumifh 2015

wGif taumiftxnfazmfrnfh tmqD,Hjzwfausmf Trans-ASEAN "mwfaiGUykdufvkdif;ESifh rMumrDtaumiftxnf

azmfrnfh BIMSTEC "mwfaiGUykdufvkdif; oG,fwef;rnfhtpDtpOfrsm;wGif jrefrmEkdifiHtaejzifh t"du obm0

"mwfaiGUwifykdYol jzpfvmEkdifaMumif; oufqkdif&m xkwfjyefcsufrsm;t& od&onf/


&efukef[kdw,fBuD;ajcmufckMu,fig;yGifhtqifhtwef; owfrSwf

&efukef? Mo*kwf 3&efukef? Mo*kwf 3&efukef? Mo*kwf 3&efukef? Mo*kwf 3&efukef? Mo*kwf 3

[kdw,fESifhc&D;oGm;vma&;vkyfief;0efBuD;Xmeu jrefrmEkdifiHwpf0ef;&SdrSwfykHwifxm;aom [kdw,frsm;ukd Mu,fyGifhtqifhtwef; owfrSwfa&;vkyfief; pwifaeNyDjzpf&m &efukefNrKdUawmf&Sd [kdw,fBuD;ajcmufckukdMu,f ig;yGifhtqifhtwef; owfrSwfay;vkdufaMumif; ¤if;0efBuD;XmerSt&m xrf;wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

Mu,fig;yGifhtqifhtwef; &&SdoGm;aom [kdw,frsm;rSm-(1) Traders Hotel ? (2) Sedona Hotel ? (3) Grand Plaza Park

Royal Hotel ? (4) Hotel Nikko Royal Lake ? (5) Kandawgyi Palace

Hotel ? (6) Strand Hotel wkdY jzpfMuonf/emrnfausmf Dusit Inya Lake Hotel ESifh Seasons of Yangon

[kdw,frsm;rSm Mu,fav;yGifhtqifhtwef;om &&SdcJhonf[k ¤if;uqkdonf/2004 ckESpftxd [kdw,fESifh c&D;oGm;vma&;vkyfief;0efBuD;XmewGif

rSwfykHwifxm;aom [kdw,f? tif;ESifh wnf;ckd&dyfom pkpkaygif; 119ck &Sdonf/

urÇmt&yf&yf&Sd NAdwdoQaumifpD(BC) oifMum;a&;Xmersm;rS ausmif;om;600 ausmf yg0if,SOfNyKdifNyD; BC \Web Site jzpfonfh LearnEnglishkids

rS usif;yay;onfh pmtkyfrsm;ukd zwf½IcHpm;jcif;NyKdifyGJü jrefrmEkdifiHrS ausmif;olESpfOD; qk&&SdcJhaMumif; w&m;0ifxkwfjyefaomowif;wpf&yft& od&onf/

&efukefNrKdU urf;em;vrf;&Sd NAdwdoQaumifpD oifMum;a&;XmewGif twef;wufaeMuonfh arolaZmfonf touf

10 ESpfESifhatmuf ,SOfNyKdifyGJtwGufCaroline Laidlaw \ Salty to the Res-

cue pmtkyfESifh yxrqkukdvnf; aumif;?EG,fEG,fvif;OD;onf 14 ESpf ESif htxufwef;twGuf Judy West \The Magnificent Mango ESif h ESpfodrfhqkukdvnf;aumif; &&SdcJhNyD; qk&&Sdolrsm;\ cHpm;wifjyrIrsm;ukd http://

www. LearnEnglish.org.uk/kids/com-

petition/index.html ay:wGif zwf½IEkdifaMumif; ,if;owif;wGif azmfjyxm;

onf/yg0if,SOfNyKdifMuaom ausmif;

om;rsm;tm;vkH;onf qkvufrSwfrsm;&&SdrnfjzpfNyD; qk&&Sdolrsm;twGufLearnEnglish tzGJUrS qkvufrSwfESifhpmtkyf? NAdwdoQaumifpD Teaching Cen-

tre rS tbd"mefpmtkyfESifh Education

UK rS tjcm;qkrsm;tm; tcrf;tem;jzifh csD;jr§ifhay;oGm;rnf[k ,if;owif;u qkdonf/

LearnEnglish onf NAdwdoQaumifpD\ tpdwftykdif;wpf&yfjzpfNyD;vlBuD;rsm;? uav;rsm;ESifh ppfrIxrf;rsm;twGuf ynma&;ESifhywfoufonfhWeb Site rsm; vTifhwifxm;um tjcm;tusKd;&Sdonfh Web Site rsm;ESifhvnf;csdwfqufxm;onf/

EPL abmvkH;yGJrsm;Yangon

Entertainment rSwm0ef,lxkwfvTifU


,ckESpf abmvkH;yGJ&moDwGif

English Premier League abmvkH;yGJ

pOfrsm;ukd Yangon Entertainment rS

pyGefZmtjzpf wm0ef,lí xkwfvTifhay;

oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;ukd Mo*kwfv 7 &uf

aeYu pwifxkwfvTifhjcif; txdrf;trSwf

tcrf;tem;ü aMunmoGm;cJhonf/

tqkdygyGJpOfrsm;ukd jr0wD½kyfoHrS

xkwfvTifhoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdyg

vkyfief;rS xkwfjyefajymMum;onf/

EkdifiHwumtqifU LearnEnglish NyKdifyGJjrefrmausmif;olESpfOD; qk&

&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31


wefcsdef 12000 oabFmusif;2005 ckESpfqef;wGif zGifUvSpfrnf


ykdYaqmifa&;0efBuD;Xmevufatmuf&Sd jrefrmhoabFmusif;vkyfief;onf wefcsdef 12000 oabFmrsm; vGef;wifjyKjyifEkdifaom a&vkHoabFmusif;tjzpf wkd;jr§ifhwnfaqmufae&m ,cktcg 85 &mckdifEIef;cefY NyD;pD;aeNyD; vmrnfh 'DZifbmvukefwGif jyifqifrIvkyfief;&yftm;vkH; vufpowfí 2005 ckESpfqef;wGif pwifzGifhvSpfEkdifrnfjzpfaMumif; oabFmusif;vkyfief;ESifh eD;pyfolwpfOD;u Zlvkdifvukefykdif;wGif ajymMum;onf/

,cifu wefcsdef 2500 oabFmrsm;om vGef;wifjyifqifEkdifcJhonfhtqkdygoabFmusif; jyifqifwnfaqmufrIukd w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHShondong Agricultural Industry and Commerce Group Corporation

\ acs;aiG tar&duefa':vm 25.45 oef;jzifh 2001 ckESpfrS pwifíwnfaqmufcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ ,if;oabFmusif; NyD;pD;oGm;ygu jynfwGif;omru jynfya&,mOfrsm;yg vGef;wifjyifqifay;EkdifawmhrnfjzpfaMumif;od&onf/

vufawGU a&mfbmyifpkdufysKd;olrsm;ukdom a&mfbmukd jynfyokdY wifykdYcGifh(Export) ay;rnf[k jrefrmEkdifiH ukefonfrsm;ESifh pufrIvufrIvkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;csKyf (UMFCCI) rS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;u a&mfbmvkyfief;&Sifrsm;tm; ajymMum;cJhaMumif; jynfyokdY a&mfbm wifoGif;aeolvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u Living

Color okdY ajymMum;onf/ rGefjynfe,f oHjzLZ&yfNrKdUe,f

wGif a&mfbmyifrsm; pkdufysKd;aeonfhBAMAR Rubber & General Trading rS'g½kdufwmOD;zkef;jrifhu rdrdwkdYtaejzifh

a&mfbmpkdufysKd;rIoufoufukdom vkyfukdifaMumif;? jynfyokdY a&mfbmwifykdYrIvkyfief;ukd ruRrf;usifao;aMumif;jynfyokdY wifykdYolrsm;ukdom a&mif;csavh&Sdonf[k qkdonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif a&mfbmukd rkd;&moDukefqkH;onfh atmufwkdbmvwGiftap;jcpf xkwfvkyfMuNyD; tqkdyg&moDonf a&mfbm ac: Muufaygifap;xkwfvkyfonfh&moDjzpfaMumif;? wm0ef&Sdolrsm;u a&mfbmukd ukefacsmypönf;tjzpfwifykdYapvkdaomfvnf; enf;ynm tm;enf;aeao;aMumif; OD;zkef;jrifhu ajym

Mum;onf/jrefrmEkdifiHwGif a&mfbmpkdufysKd;ol

trsm;pkonf rGefjynfe,f oHjzLZ&yfNrKdUe,fESifh armfvNrKdifNrKdUe,fwGif&SdNyD;&efukefrS Exporter rsm;u jynfyokdY wifykdYjcif;vkyfief;oufoufukdom vkyfukdifavh&SdMuonf/ a&mfbmpkdufysKd;olrsm;ESifha&mfbmvkyfief;&Sifrsm;tm; pkaygif;íjrefrmEkdifiH a&mfbmvkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;ukd rMumrD wnfaxmifoGm;rnf[kUMFCCI rSwm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u Living

Color okdY ajymMum;onf/

a&mfbmpkdufysKd;olrsm;ukdom wifykdh cGifUjyKrnf[kUMFCCI u ajymMum;

jrefrmukefonfrsm;ppfwaumif;ü

oGm;vma&mif;0,fvsuf&Sd&efukef? Zlvkdif 26&efukef? Zlvkdif 26&efukef? Zlvkdif 26&efukef? Zlvkdif 26&efukef? Zlvkdif 26

ESpfEkdifiH e,fpyfukefoG,fa&;oabmwlnDcsuft& b*Fvm;a'h&SfEkdifiHonf jrefrmpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;tm; Teknaf e,f taemufbuf&SdCox's Barzar ESifh ppfwaumif;txdvGwfvyfpGm oGm;vmcGifhay;xm;aMumif;jrefrmEkdifiHqkdif&m b*Fvm;a'h&SfEkdifiHoH½kH;rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u qkdonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHbufurl b*Fvm;a'h&Sfukefonfrsm;tm; armifawmESifhppfawGNrKdUrsm;okdY oGm;vmcGifhudk cGifhhjyKjcif;r&Sdao;aMumif; tqkdygwm0ef&Sdolu ajymMum;onf/

okdY&mwGif jrefrm-b*Fvm;a'h&Sfe,fpyfpcef;a[mif; e**l&m em[Dumudk jyefvnfzGifhvSpfNyD;onfESifh jrefrmESifh b*Fvm;a'h&Sfukefonfrsm; ykdrkdvGwfvyfpGm oGm;vmEdkifawmhrnfjzpfaMumif; ¤if;u okH;oyfajymMum;onf/


u&ifjynfe,fESifU rGefjynfe,fwGifpufrIZkefrsm; wkd;csJY rnf


jrefrm-xkdif; pD;yGm;a&;yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrItpDtpOft& u&ifjynfe,f jr0wD? bm;tHpufrIZkefESifh rGefjynfe,f armfvNrKdifpufrIZkefrsm;ukdrMumrD wkd;csJUvkyfukdifoGm;Ekdif&ef pDpOfvsuf&Sdonf[k armfvNrKdifpufrIZkefrSvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u ZlvkdifvukefwGif ajymMum;onf/

jr0wD-bm;tH um;vrf;ab;wGif wnf&SdNyD; 950 {u us,f0ef;aom jr0wDpufrIZkeftwGuf vkdtyfonfh vQyfppf"mwftm; 2 rD*g0yfukdxkdif;EkdifiHbufrS &,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;? bm;tHpufrIZkefonf bm;tH?armfvNrKdif? aumhu&dwfvrf;ab; vSua'gif;aus;&GmteD;wGif wnf&Sdí981 {u us,f0ef;NyD; armfvNrKdifpufrIZkefonf 684 {u us,f0ef;aMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/ xkdYtwl bk&m;okH;qla'owGifvnf; pufrIZkefwpfck azmfaqmifvkyfukdifoGm;&ef pDpOfxm;&SdaMumif; ¤if;u xyfavmif;ajymMum;oGm;onf/

armf',fvftedrfh N*Kd[fwk½kyfoHzrf;pufwGif pm&if;0ifvmonfh Top Fireld

3030 tm; Upgrade vkyfEk difNyDjzpfaMumif; ysOf;rem;NrKdUrS tqkdygpuftokH;jyKolwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

tcaMu;aiGjzifh Munfh½I&aomvdkif;rsm;tm; enf;ynmwkd;wufrIaMumifh ukefusp&dwfoufompGmjzifhMunfh½IEkdifonfh armf',fvfedrfhjrifhN*K d[fwk½kyfoHzrf;pufrsm; '&pyf0ifa&mufvmrIaMumifh armf',fvfedrfhrsm;aps;uGufaysmufvkeD;yg;jzpfae&mrS ¤if;pufrsm;tm; armf',fvfjrifhpufrsm;ESifh

pGrf;aqmif&nfwlnDatmif Upgrade

vkyfay;Ekdifaom Software tm; tifwmeufrS &&SdEkdifonfhtwGuf armf',fvfedrfhpuf tokH;jyKolrsm;twGuf rsm;pGmtusKd;&S daMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/rMumrDvydkif;twGif; aps;uGufokdYpOD;0ifa&mufcJhaom armf',fvfedrhfYURI YR 5D pufrsm;twGufvnf;tifwmeufrS Software &&Sdawmhrnf[kpavmif;wyfqifonfh 0efaqmifrIvkyfief;vkyfukdifaom uRrf;usifolwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

ukdxl;(a&qif;)ukdxl;(a&qif;)ukdxl;(a&qif;)ukdxl;(a&qif;)ukdxl;(a&qif;)

armf',fvfedrfU N*Kd[fwk½kyfoHzrf;puftcsKdYUpgrade vkyfEkdifNyD

a&qif;? Zlvkdif 11a&qif;? Zlvkdif 11a&qif;? Zlvkdif 11a&qif;? Zlvkdif 11a&qif;? Zlvkdif 11

e,fNrKdY rsm;üw&m;r0if ckd;ul;

VCD rsm; wGifus,frkd;n§if;? Zlvkdif 5rkd;n§if;? Zlvkdif 5rkd;n§if;? Zlvkdif 5rkd;n§if;? Zlvkdif 5rkd;n§if;? Zlvkdif 5

aw;oDcsif; VCD um&mtkdaursm;tm; w&m;r0if ckd;ul;a&mif;csrIESifhum&mtkdauqkdifrsm;wGif tokH;jyKrIrsm;e,fNrK dUrsm;wGif wGifus,fvsuf&S daMumif; rkd;n§if;NrKdUrS aps;uGufavhvmqef;ppfolwpfOD;u Zlvkdifvqef;ykdif;wGif ajymMum;onf/

rl&if; VCD oDcsif;acGrsm;tm;wpfcsyfvQif 1700 usyfcefY ay;&csdefwGif ckd;ul;acGrsm;rSm wpfcsyfvQif 500usyfcefYom&Sdojzifh aps;oufomNyD;okH;íjzpfaomaMumifh ,if;okdY wGifus,fae&aMumif;? ckd;ul; VCD uJhokdYyif w&m;0ifukd,fpm;vS,f,l jzefYcsdcGifh&xm;aom tDvufx&Gefepfypönf;rsm;ESifh wHqdyfwl (Oyrm-Panasonic? Sony)ypönf;rsm;ukdvnf; e,fpyfrSwpfqifhwifoGif;a&mif;csrIrsm; &SdaeaMumif;ykodrfNrKdUrS tDvufx&Gefepfypönf;ta&mif;qkdif&SifwpfOD;u qkdonf/

w&m;r0ifckd;ul;jcif;rS oufomaprnfhenf;vrf;wpfckrSmVCD jzefYcsdolrsm;taejzifh e,fNrKdUrsm;okdY pay:aiG&,lNyD; ta&mif;ukd,fpm;vS,foabmrsKd;ay;oifhaMumif;? oufqkdif&me,fNrKdUrsm;\ w&m;r0ifckd;ul;acG yaysmufa&;ukd tqkdygta&mif;ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;tm; aqmif&GufapoifhNyD; VCD

oDcsif;acGtm; vuf&SdjzefYcsdaps;xufavQmhcsjzefYjzL;oifhaMumif; tqkdygyk*¾Kdvfu xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/


or0g,rtoif;opfrsm;pepfwuspDpOfí wnfaxmifcGifUjyK


or0g,r0efBuD;XmerSaeí or0g,rtoif;rsm; zGJUpnf;a&;ukdpepfwuspdppfNyD;rS cGifhjyKvsuf&SdaMumif; tqkdyg0efBuD;XmerS nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf AkdvfrSL;BuD;pkd;0if;u Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/

zGJUpnf;vkdol rsm;jym;onfhtwGuf or0g,rtoif;aygif; av;axmifausmf rSwfykHwifvkyfukdifvsuf&SdaMumif;? zsufodrf;&Sif;vif;aMumfjimaomtoif;tcsKdUrSm 2000 jynfhESpfrwkdifrDuyif zsufodrf;NyD; pm&if;&Sif;vif;&efusef&Sdao;íom aMunmjcif;jzpfaMumif;ESifh tcsKdUrSm pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;ESifhrukdufnDí zsufodrf;&ef oufqkdif&mrS trdefYxkwfjyefjcif;jzpfaMumif;¤if;u qkdonf/

jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd obm0tajccHc&D;oGm;a'o 15 ckteuf wpfcktygt0ifjzpfNyD; &efukefNrKdUESifh teD;qkH;obm0tajccHc&D;oGm;a'ojzpfonfh avSmfum;obm0O,smOftm; obm0ywf0ef;usif rysufpD;ap&ef pepfwus xdef;odrf;aqmif&GufoihfNyDjzpfaMumif; tqkdygO,smOfokdY Zlvkdifv wwd,ywftwGif;oGm;a&mufvnfywfcJholwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

O,smOftwGif; ywfvrf;wpfavQmufü orif? '&,f? arsmuf ponfhwd&pämefrsm;tm; tpmauR;NyD; yvwfpwpftdwfcGHrsm; pnf;urf;rJhpGefYypfjcif;?vma&muftyef;ajz aysmfyGJpm;xGufolrsm;u pm;<uif;pm;usef? trIdufo½kdufESifh aomufa&oefYbl;cGHrsm;ukd pnf;

urf;rJhpGefYypfjcif;? a&uefrsm;ü wm;jrpfydwfyifxm;aomfvnf; ig;zrf;jcif;?a&ul;jcif;wkdYaMumifh O,smOf\ obm0ywf0ef;usifukd xdcdkufysufpD;EdkifaMumif;?xkdYtjyif O,smOftwGif;&Sd trsm;okH;tdrfomrsm;rSmvnf; oefY&Sif;rIr&Sdonfukd awGU&aMumif;? trsm;jynfolomruEkdifiHjcm;om;urÇmvSnfhc&D;onfrsm;?okawoejyKvkyfolrsm;yg vma&mufavhvmvnfywf&m O,smOfwpfckjzpfípepfwus jyKjyifxdef;odrf;rIESifh pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;rIrsm;ukdyg aqmif&GufoifhNyDjzpfaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

avSmfum;obm0O,smOfudk opfawmOD;pD;Xme obm00ef;usifESifh om;iSufwd&pämefxdef;odrf;a&;Xmeu 1989ckESpf pufwifbmvwGif zGifhvSpf cJhNyD;

wd&pämefO,smOfi,f? iSufjywkduf ESifhtyef;ajzpcef; av;cktygt0if{&d,mtus,ft0ef; pkpkaygif; 880{u &Sdonf/

avSmfum;O,smOf obm0ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;&efvkd


w½kwfwm,maps;jrifU

&efukef? ZGef 23&efukef? ZGef 23&efukef? ZGef 23&efukef? ZGef 23&efukef? ZGef 23

armfawmf,mOfBuD;okH; wm,mrsm;teuf uGefwdefemvkdif;rS0ifaomw½kwfEkdifiHxkwf wm,mtcsKdU ZGefvwwd,ywftwGif; aps;jrifhwufoGm;cJhaMumif; armfawmf,mOf wm,mrsKd;pkHwifoGif;a&mif;0,folvkyfief;&SifBuD;wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

tqkdyg w½kwfwm,mrsm;teufWestlake armfawmf,mOfBuD;okH; 962t&G,f wm,monf ,cif 116ç000usyfrS 121ç000 usyftxdvnf;aumif;?952 t&G,ftpm; wm,monf ,cif114ç000 usyfrS 117ç000 usyfokdYvnf;aumif; toD;oD;jrif hwufcJ haMumif;? tjcm;EdkifiHxkwf wm,mrsm;rSm tajymif;tvJrsm;pGm r&SdaMumif;?taMumif;&if;rSm jynfwGif;aps;uGufwGif tjcm;EdkifiHxkwf wm,mrsm;vufusefrsm;aeNyD; tqkdygumvwGifw½kwfEkdifiHxkwf wm,mrsm; tqufrjywf 0ifa&mufvmcJhojzifh jyKjyifajymif;vJrIjyKvkyfxm;aom ukefoG,fa&;tcGefrl0g'\ tusKd;qufaMumifh,ckuJhokdY aps;jrifhoGm;&jcif;jzpfaMumif;?aemiftcg tjcm;wm,mrsm;vnf;aps;jrifhvmzG,f&SdaMumif; tqkdygyk*¾Kdvfu okH;oyfajymMum;onf/


opfaxmufcHcsuf&&Sd&ef aqmif&Guf&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27

EkdifiHwumaps;uGufokdY opfawmxGufypönf;rsm; xkwfvkyfa&mif;cs&mwGif urÇmhywf0ef;usifrS vufcH&ef rjzpfraeyg&Sd&rnfh opftaxmuftxm;vufrSwfrsm; opfawme,fajrtvkduf&&Sd&ef jrefrmEkdifiH opfawmOD;pD;XmerS BuKd;yrf;vsuf&Sd&m opfawmynm&Sifrsm;jzifh zGJUpnf;xm;onfhopfawmo,HZmwywf0ef;usif zGHUNzKd;wkd;wufa&;ESifh xdef;odrf;a&; toif;FREDA rS Timber Certificate aumfrwDwGi f tBuHay;tjzpfaqmif&GufaeaMumif; FREDA tzGJU\ Ouú|OD;pdefatmif0ifhu Zlvkdifv27 &ufaeYwGif ajymMum;onf/

,cktcg *syefuJhokdY EkdifiHBuD;rsm;onf opfawmxGufypönf;rsm;0,f,l&mü Forest Management Substainable (opfawmxdef;odrf;apmifha&SmufrI)jyKvkyfaeaom taxmuftxm;ygonfh opfaxmufcHcsufTimber Certificate ygrSom 0,f,lawmhrnfjzpf&m jrefrmEkdifiHrSvnf;tqkdygopfaxmufcHcsuf&&Sda&;twGuf BuKd;yrf;aeaMumif; FREDA tzGJU\t|rtBudrfajrmuf ESpfywfvnftpnf;ta0;okdY wufa&mufvm onfharSmfbDNrKdUe,f opfawmoifwef;ausmif;tkyfBuD;u Living Color okdYajymMum;onf/

FREDA tzGJUtpnf;onf tpkd;&r[kwfaomtzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifhyl;aygif;í opfawmo,HZmw0ef;usifxdef;odrf;a&;vkyfiefrsm;ukd vkyfaqmifvsuf&Sd&m {&m0wDwkdif;ü 'Da&awm 1115 {uudk pkdufysKd;NyD;pD;cJhNyD[k OD;pdefatmif0ifhu ajymMum;onf/

jrefrmEkdifiHwpf0ef; pnfbD,maomufokH;rI ykdrdkrsm;jym;vmonfESifhtrQ e,fNrKdUrsm;okdY pnfbD,ma&mif;cscGifh ygrpfrsm; csxm;ay;vsuf&Sdonfhteuf pnfbD,m trsKd;tpm;wpfckrSmt&nftaoG;rrDonfhtjyif aomufokH;&efroifhonfh tajctaersKd;&SdaeaMumif; a'ocHtcsKdUxHrS od&Sd&onf/

tqkdyg pnfbD,m a&mif;cscGifhukd

e,fNrKdUrsm;okdY tapmqkH; csay;xm;NyD;e,fpnfbD,maps;uGufukd vufOD;rI&,lxm;aMumif;? t&nftaoG;rDonfhpnfbD,mrsm; aps;uGuftwGif;0ifa&muf vmygu tqkdygpnfbD,mrSmaps;uGuf ysufoGm;zG,f&S daMumif;e,faps;uGuf avhvmolwpfOD;uqkdonf/

e,fNrKdUrsm;wGif ykvif;oGwf

bD,mrsm;rSm t&nftaoG;aumif;aomfvnf; aps;EIef;jrifhrm;rI&SdonfhtwGuf aps;oufomNyD; wpfcGufcsif;0,f,laomufokH;Ekdifaom pnfbD,mtm; aps;uGuftwGif;ü ykdívufcHtBuKdufawGUvsuf&SdaMumif;? ykvif;oGwfjrefrmbD,mwpfvkH;vQif 1200 usyfaygufaeaomfvnf; pnfbD,mwpf*sm;vQif 1200 usyfom&SdaMumif; tqkdygyk*¾Kdvfu qkdonf/

jynfwGif;aps;uGufwGif ae&m,lvsuf&Sdaom pnfbD,mrsm;rSm jrefrm?wkduf*g;? rEÅav;? Skol ? Dagon ?ABC Stout wkdY jzpfonf/

tcsKd&nfopfwpfrsKd;

xGufay:rnf&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8

jrefrmtcsKd&nfaps;uGuftwGif;ü

tiftm;awmifhwif;onfh Loi Hein Co.,

Ltd. onf rMumrDumvtwGif; Car-

bonated Soft Drink wpfrsKd;ukd xkwf

vkyfoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; ,if;ukrÜPDrS

wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u ZlvkdifvaESmif;ykdif;

wGif xkwfazmfajymMum;vkdufonf/

tqkdygtcsKd&nfukd aps;EIef;csKdom

pGm aps;uGuftwGif;okdY jzefYcsdí tjcm;

tcsKd&nfukrÜPDrsm;ukd NyKdifqkdifoGm;rnf

jzpfaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/ Loi Hein

Co., Ltd. onf trSwf(1) pufrI0efBuD;

XmeESifh yl;aygif;í tcsKd&nfav;rsKd;?

pD;u&ufESpfrsKd;ESifh trsKd;orD;okH;ypönf;

wpfrsKd;wkdYukd xkwfvkyfvsuf &Sdonf/

e,fjzefh pnfbD,mwpfrsKd; t&nftaoG;usrkd;n§if;? Zlvkdif 24rkd;n§if;? Zlvkdif 24rkd;n§if;? Zlvkdif 24rkd;n§if;? Zlvkdif 24rkd;n§if;? Zlvkdif 24


tar&duefygarmu©rsm;&efukefwuúokdvfwGif oifwef;ykdhcsoGm;


tar&duefEkdifiHrS jrefrmEkdifiHa&;&muRrf;usifol a&mbwfawvm(Robert Taylar) tygt0if ygarmu© ckepfOD;rS Researcher Courses for

Junior University Faultily in History, Literature and the Social Science

acgif;pOfjzifh Zlvkdifv 13 &ufaeYrS 23 &ufaeYtxd &efukef wuúokdvfpdef&wkcef;rwGif oifwef;wpf&yf ykdYcsoGm;onf/

tqkdygoifwef;okdY wuúokdvftoD;oD;rS ygarmu©rsm;? uxdursm; 100 OD;ausmf wufa&mufcJhMuNyD; Comporative Government,

Cultarl Anthro, Public Administration, Government SEA, Historigarphy

and Reshearch Method acgif;pOfrsm;jzifh a[majymykdYcscJhMuonf/ ,ckoifwef;onf jrefrmEkdifiH ynma&;0efBuD;Xme\ pDpOfrIjzifh yxrOD;qkH;zGifhvSpfcJhonfh oifwef;jzpfaMumif;? tjrifcsif;zvS,fEkdifrnf[k ,lqygaMumif; a&mbwfawvmu Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/

2003-2004 b@ma&;ESpfüykdYukef0ifaiG tar&duefa':vm oef; 280&SmazGay;Ek difcJ haom uRef;opftm;wkd;wufxkwfvkyf&ef &nfrSef;í pkdufcif;rsm;jzifh ESpfpOf tpm;xkd;pkdufysKd;cJh&m2004-2005 ckESpfwGif wpfEkdifiHvkH;üpkpkaygif; uRef;pkdufcif;{u 34ç025txd jzpfay:vmap&ef vsmxm;aqmif&GufoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; oufqkdif&mowif;&yfuGufrS od&onf/

,if;uJhokdY wkd;csJUpkdufysKd;jcif;jzifh2005 ckESpfü wpfEkdifiHvkH;wGif pkpkaygif;txl;uRef;{u 20ç000 ESifh ½kd;½kd;uRef;{u 14ç025 jzpfvm[k ,if;owif;u

qkdonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHü uRef;opftrsm;qkH;xGuf&Sd&mjzpfaom ppfukdif;wkdif;wGifuRef;yif 40ç000 ukdvnf;aumif;?'kwd,trsm;qkH;jzpfaom yJcl;wkdif; wGiftyifaygi f ; 40ç000 e D ;yg;uk dvnf;aumif;? wwd, trsm;qkH;xGuf&Sdaom ucsifjynfe,fwGif tyif25ç000 cefYukdvnf;aumif; wkd;csJUpkdufysKd;&efvsmxm;aMumif; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xkwfjyefxm;aom owif;rsm;t& od&onf/

jrefrmEkdifiH {&d,m\ 52.28&mckdifEIef;jzpfaom 35ç347 pwk&ef;uDvdkrDwmonf opfawmrsm;jzifh zkH;vTrf;

aeNyD; ,if;{&d,m\ 37.38 &mckdifEIef;rSm &Guftkyfydwfawmjzpfum awmysufrSm14.9 &mckdifEIef;cefY &Sdonf/

2005 ü uRef;pkdufcif;{u okH;aomif;ausmfjzpfvmrnf&efukef? Zlvkdif 14&efukef? Zlvkdif 14&efukef? Zlvkdif 14&efukef? Zlvkdif 14&efukef? Zlvkdif 14

ykvif;oGwftcsKd&nft&nftaoG;usqJ


jynfwGif;xkwf ykvif;oGwf

tcsKd&nfwpfrsKd;rSm &Hzef&Hcg tenfrsm;

awGU&qJjzpfouJhokdY ykvif;azmufvkduf

onfhtcg t0ü oHacs;ESpfrsm; rMum

cP awGU&aMumif; prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,f&Sd

vufzuf&nfqkdifwpfqkdifwGif Zlvkdifv

aemufqkH;ywfü aomufokH;olwpfOD;u

ajymMum;onf/

ykvif;0wGif oHacs;ESpfrsm; awGU

&ojzifh tqkdygqkdifrS 0efxrf;ukd ac:í

ajymjyaomfvnf; tqkdyg0efxrf;u

wpfoQL; (vufokwfpuúL)jzifh okwfum

jyefay;cJhaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

2003 ckESpf atmufwkdbmv 29

&ufaeYuvnf; tif;pdefNrKdUe,f pkaygif;

½kH;0if;twGif;&Sd pm;aomufqkdifwpfqkdif

wGif tqkdygtcsKd&nfukrÜPDrS xkwfvkyf

onfh 1980 ckvGefESpfrsm;uwnf;u

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif txl; vlBuKdufrsm;cJhNyD;

1990 ckESpfaemufykdif; toGifopfESifh

jyefvnfxkwfvkyf&mwGif ,cift&omukd

rrDaMumif; pm;okH;oltrsm;pku rSwfcsuf

jyKxm;aom tcsKd&nfukd aomufokH;&m

csOfpl;pl; teHYt&omjzpfaeNyD; tenf

trIefrsm;vnf; yg0ifaeonf[k qkd

onf/ (owif;azmfjyNyD; Living Color.

2004 January)


yk*Ha&S;a[mif;NrKdY ½ kd; xyfrH xdef;odrf;rnfyk*H? Zlvkdif 15yk*H? Zlvkdif 15yk*H? Zlvkdif 15yk*H? Zlvkdif 15yk*H? Zlvkdif 15

,Ofaus;rI0efBuD;XmerS yk*HNrKdUa[mif;&Sd ta&SUbufNrKdU½kd;ukd usyfodef;aygif; 200 txd tukeftuscHí xdef;odrf;&ef&SdaMumif;ukd Zlvkdifv15 &ufaeYu a&S;a[mif;okawoeOD;pD;XmeESifh eD;pyfonfh yk*HNrKdUcHwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

yk*HNrKdUonf jrif;acgif;ykHoP²mef&Sdí ouú&mZf 892 ckwGif NrKdUpwifwnfcJhonf/ taemufbufNrKdU½kd;rSm {&m0wDjrpfxJygoGm;NyDjzpfí r&Sdawmhay/ awmifbufNrKdU½kd;ESifh usKH;ukd 1989-90 b@ma&;ESpftwGif; wl;azmfcJh&m ysLacwftkwfcsyftygt0if a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm;? rGefbmomjzifha&;om;xm;onfh eef;wnfausmufpm[k ,lq&aom tykdif;wpfckESifhrvG,fayguf? usKH;jzwfwHcg;ESifh jytkd;wkdYukd awGUY&SdcJhonf[k a&S;a[mif;okawoeOD;pD;XmerS xkwfjyefxm;csufrsm;t& od&onf/

vuf&Sdxdef;odrf;rnfh NrKdU½kd;onf acwfrDenf;ynmrsm;? a&S;a[mif;pHEIef;rsm;ESifhtnD a&S;vuf&mrysufapbJ xdef;odrf;&efvkdtyfonf[k 0g&ifhjrefrmorkdif;ynm&SifBuD;wpfOD;u tBuKHjyKokH;oyfaMumif; tqkdygyk*HNrKdUcHu ajymMum;onf/

wifvif;wifvif;wifvif;wifvif;wifvif;

yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f AkdvfqGefyufvrf; armifaxmfav;ta&SUESifh taemuftdwfcsdef;e,fajr&Sd trsm;jynfolokH;w,fvDzkef;pcef;wpfckrS 0efxrf;ESpfOD;tm; tjyifvltpm;xkd;xkdifckdif;rIaMumifhwm0efrS &yfem;cJhonf[k tqkdygtdwfcsdef;½kH;rS aMunmcsufxkwfjyefcJhonf/

xkdYjyif qufoG,fa&;0efxrf;tcsKdUonf uGefysLwmrSwfwrf;rsm;twkdif;ac:qkdaom ,lepfrsm;twGuf usoifhaomaiGrsm; ay;aqmif&mwGif uGm[rI&Sdae&m vkdaiGrsm;ukd owfrSwfaom

&ufrwkdifrD tjrefay;aqmif&efvnf;EId;aqmfxm;onf/

trsm;jynfolqufoG,fa&;vkdtyfcsufaMumifh ,m,DaeYpm;0efxrf;rsm;trsm;tjym; cefYtyfcJ haomfvnf;tvkyfcsdefrwdusjcif;? aiGaMu;tvGJokH;pm;vkyfjcif;tjyif aeYpm;jzifh xkdifckdif;jcif;paom tusifhazmufzsufrIrsm; ,m,DaeYpm;0efxrf;rsm;twGif;&SdaeaMumif;?wm0ef&Sdolrsm;rS xkdudpöukd wif;wif;usyfusyf ta&;,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;qufoG,fa&;pcef; wm0efcHt&m&SdwpfOD;

u qkdonf/rdrdwkdY&&SdaomaiGESifh qufoG,f

a&;pcef;&Sd uGefysLwmrSwfwrf;\ usoifhaiGrSm uGmjcm;rI&SdaMumif;? wkd;jr§ifhaumufcHyguvnf; zkef;qufolrsm;uvufrcHMuaMumif;? tcsKdUaeYrsm;wGifvkdtyfaiGudk pkdufxkwfay;&aMumif;0efxrf;trsKd;orD;i,fwpfOD;u Living

Color okdY ajymMum;onf/trsm;jynfolokH;w,fvDzkef;pcef;

rsm;twGuf ,m,DaeYpm; 0efxrf;rsm;ukdwpfvusyfokH;axmifESifh &ufrSefaMu;tjzpf wpfv ESpfaxmif pkpkaygif;usyf ig;axmifjzifh cefYxm;vkyfudkifapcJhaMumif;? ysuf&ufr&SdrSom &ufrSefaMu;&&SdaMumif; aeYpm;0efxrf;wpfOD;uqkdonf/

tjyifvltpm;xkd; xdkifcdkif;rIaMumifUqufoG,fa&;0efxrf;ESpfOD;tm; wm0efrS &yfpJ


tifwmeufESifU csdwfqufí"mwfykHul;ay;Ekdifaom

qkdifopfzGifU&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8

NIKKO GENERAL TRAD-

ING \ NIKKO DIGITAL LASER

LAB "mwfykHul;qkdifwGif tifwmeufESifh csdwfqufí "mwfykHul;ay;Ekdifonf[k ,if;vkyfief;rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;uZlvkdifv 17 &ufaeYu jyKvkyfcJhaomqkdifzGifhyGJtcrf;tem;wGif ajymMum;cJhonf/

"mwfykHul;qkdifopfukd trSwf137^143 taemf&xmvrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,fwGif zGifhvSpfxm;NyD;NORITSU LASER-32 pufopfukdtokH;jyKxm;aMumif;ESifh ¤if;pufjzifh 12''x36'' t&G,fykHBuD;rsm;txd ul;,lEdkifpGrf;&Sdonf[k ¤if;u xyfrHajymMum;onf/


\ zGHY NzKd;rIpDrHcsufxyfrHwkd;csJYrnf


&yf&Gma'ozGHUNzKd;rIpDrHcsufukd aqmif&Gufaeonfh World Vision

tzGJUtpnf;u aemufxyf okH;NrKdUe,fwGif vkyfief;rsm; xyfrHwkd;csJUaqmif&Guf&ef&Sdonf[k Zlvkdifv 12 &ufaeYu tqkdygtzGJUtpnf;rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

World Vision &yf&Gma'ozGHUNzKd;rIpDrHcsufukd 1996 ckESpfrSpí vkyfaqmifcJhNyD; 1993-2003 ckESpftxd NrKdUe,faygif; 19 NrKdUe,fwGifzGHUNzKd;rI tpDtpOf vkyfaqmifcJhaMumif;? 2004 ckESpf atmufwkdbmvwGifcsif;jynf e,f? u,m;jynfe,fESifh &efukefwkdif;wkdY&Sd NrKdUe,fokH;NrKdUe,fwGifzGHUNzKd;rIpDrH csufrsm; wkd;csJUaqmif&Guf&ef&SdaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

tqkdygpDrHcsufwGif ynma&;? usef;rma&;qkdif&mvkyfief;rsm;? HIV,

AIDS umuG,fwm;qD;a&;qkdif&m vkyfief;rsm;? vlukeful;cH&rIumuG,fwm;qD;a&;ESifh ausmif;jyifyynma&; tpDtpOfwkdY yg0ifonf[k tqkdygwm0ef&Sdolu ajymMum;onf/

wifvif;wifvif;wifvif;wifvif;wifvif;

jrefrmEkdifiH\ EkdifiHjcm;0ifaiG&SmazGay;aom a&iefuPef;rsm;tajrmuftjrm; xGuf&Sd&ma'owpfckjzpfonfh {&m0wDwkdif; bkduav;NrKdUe,fatmufykdif;a'orsm;ü ,ckESpfrk d;&moDtwGif; uPef;aumifa&zrf;qD;rIESifh&&SdrI avsmhenf;oGm;aMumif;a'otwGif;&Sd uPef;t0,f'kdifwpfckrSLiving Color okdY ZlvkdifvukefwGifajymMum;cJhonf/

vuf&S d uPef;aps;E Ie f ;r SmwpfydómvQif aumufaps; 900 usyfcefY&SdNyD; uPef;zrf;qD;&&SdrIrSmvnf;

enf;yg;aomaMumifh uPef; &SmazGzrf;qD;olrsm;rSm &moDtvkduf aps;aumif;NyD;ukefusp&dwfoufomaom ig;vref;?ig;&SOfhaxmifzrf;qD;rIrsm;ukd t"dutm½kHpkdufvkyfukdifMuaomaMumifh uPef;zrf;qD;rI avsmhenf;oGm;aMumif; ¤if;uPef;t0,f'kdifrS qkdonf/ rlva'ocHuPef;ukefonftrsm;pkrSm t½IH;ESifhom&ifqkdif&aMumif;? vuf&Sd ukefonfrsm;rSm NrKdUBuD;rsm;rS vma&muf0,f,lvkyfukdifaeMuaMumif; uPef;yGJpm;wpfOD;u ajymMum;cJhonf/

[kdw,f c&D;aps;uGuf&SmazGa&;uRrf;usifrIoifwef;UMTA rS zGifUvSpf


jrefrmEkdifiH c&D;oGm;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif; (UMTA) u pDpOfaomProfessional Marketing for Hospital-

ity & Tourism trnf&Sd jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd[kdw,fESifhc&D;oGm;vkyfief;rsm; aps;uGuf&SmazGa&;qkdif&muRrf;usifrIoifwef;wpf&yfukd Mo*kwfv 2 &ufaeYwGif&efukefwuúodkvfü yxrOD;qkH;tBudrfzGifhvSpfoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; UMTA rStrIaqmiftzGJU0if OD;oufvGifwkd;uajymMum;onf/

jrefrmEkdifiH\ Tourism Industry

rSm vufawGUaqmif&Gufae&rI tawGUtBuKHrsm;om&SdNyD; pmawGUESifh pepfuserItm;enf;aevsuf&SdaMumif;? txl;ojzifh Marketing (jynfyaps;uGuf&SmazGa&;)wGif tm;enf;aeonfudk awGU&aMumif;? xkdYaMumifh ynm&yfe,fy,frSuRrf;usifolynm&Sifrsm;ukdac:,lNyD;Industry e,fy,fü vkyfief;aqmif&Gufaeolrsm;ukd aps;uGuf&SmazGa&;ESifh pyfvsOf;í rGrf;rHonfhtaejzifh oifwef;zGifhvSpfykdYcs&jcif;jzpfaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

tqkdygoifwef;ukd &efukefpD;yGm;a&;wuúokdvf pDrHcefYcGJrIynmXmerStNidrf;pm;ygarmu© a':vSjrifhu OD;pD;oifMum;ykdYcsoGm;rnfjzpfNyD; oifwef;umvrSm tcsdefydkif; 12 &ufMumjrifhrnfjzpfaMumif;? oifwef;aMu;rSm wpfOD;

bkduav;ü uPef;zrf;qD;&&SdrI avsmU&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31


obm0ywf0ef;usif xdef;odrf;a&; tzGJ htpnf;wpfck ay:ayguf


jrefrmEkdifiHü om;iSufwd&pämefESifh obm0ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;apmifh

a&Smufa&;vkyfief;rsm;ukd yl;aygif;aqmif&GufEkdif&eftwGuf NyD;cJhonfh

ZGefv twGif;u ZD0rsKd;pkH? rsKd;uGJESifh obm0xdef;odrf;a&;toif;

(Biodiversity And Nature Conservation Association-BANCA) trnf&Sd

jynfwGif; NGO tzGJUtpnf;wpf&yf w&m;0if zGJUpnf;vkdufaMumif;

tqkdygtoif;ESifh eD;pyfaom owif;&yfuGufrS od&onf/

BANCA onf jrefrmEkdifiHtwGif; om;iSufwd&pämefESifh obm0

ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufa&;vkyfief;rsm; aqmif&Gufrnfh wwd,

ajrmuf jynfwGif; NGO tzGJUtpnf;wpfckjzpfNyD; useftzGJUtpnf;ESpfckrSm

1993 ckESpfcefYu yxrOD;qkH;zGJUpnf;cJhonfh opfawm o,HZmwywf0ef;

usif zGHUNzKd;wkd;wufa&;ESifh xdef;odrf;a&;toif; (Forest Resource En-

vironment Development and Conservation Association-FREDA) ESifh

2000 jynfhESpf Zefe0g&Dvu 'kwd,ajrmuf zGJUpnf;cJhonfh jrefrmiSuf0goem

&Siftoif; (Myanmar Bird and Nature Society-MBNS) wkdY jzpfMuonf/

Branded ADpD'DtokH;rsm;zG,f


w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHrS wifoGif;vmaom ADpD'Drsm; aps;EIef;jrifhwufrIaMumifh emrnfBuD;trSwfwHqdyfBranded ADpD'Drsm; jyefvnfta&mif;oGufvmzG,f&SdaMumif; ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f&Sd tDvufx&Gefepfypönf; ta&mif;qkdif&SifwpfOD;u Mo*kwfvqef;ü ajymMum;onf/

taumufcGefwGufcsufykHESifh ukefoG,fvkyfief;cGefaumufcHrI tajymif;tvJaemufykdif; w½kwfADpD'Drsm;rSm ,cifaps;EIef;rS usyfwpfaomif;ausmfcefY jr§ifhwifa&mif;csvmaomfvnf; Branded

trSwfwHqdyfADpD'Drsm;rSm aps;EIef;ajymif;vJrI enf;yg;ojzifh w½kwfESifhBranded Mum; aps;EIef;uGm[rI avsmhenf;vmaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

ADpD'DuJhokdY w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHxkwfypönf;rsm;ukd e,fpyfrS wifoGif;vmjcif;jzpf&m aps;EIef;wuf&efrnfokdYrQ taMumif;r&SdaMumif;? taMumif;rSm e,fpyfa'oukefoG,fa&;twGuftcGefwGufcsufrI tajymif;tvJr&SdaomaMumifhjzpfaMumif; pD;yGm;a&;ynm&SifwpfOD;u okH;oyfonf/

,kZeyvmZm&Sd xD;a&mif;csonfh

qkdifwpfqkdifü t&nftaoG;edrfh xD;rsm;

a&mif;csonfukd BuKH&aMumif; 0,f,l

onfh&uf\ aemufwpf&ufwGif xD;&Guf

pkwfNyJoGm;aomxD;ukd 0,f,lrdolwpfOD;

u ajymMum;onf/

¤if;\ rdwfaqGwpfOD;rSmvnf;

tqkdygqkdifrS 0,f,lNyD; wpfywftMumü

0if½kd;aumfuGif; uGJxGufoGm;aMumif;?

ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm okdavSmifxm;onfh

twGuf xD;ukdif;rsm;taetxm;rrSefbJ

vefxGufrIaMumifh ¤if;0,f,lonfh

xD;rSmvnf; csKyf½kd;rsm; jyKwfxGufoGm;

aMumif; xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/

tqkdygyk*¾Kdvf 0,f,lonfhxD;ESifh

trSwfwHqdyfwlnDonfh xD;0,f,lol

tcsKdUrSmvnf; tvm;wljzpf&yfrsm;

BuKHawGU&aMumif; xD;aps;uGufowif;

rsm;t& od&onf/ tqkdygtrSwfwHqdyf

rSm &[ef;oHCmaqmif;xD;rsm;yg ,ck

ESpfü tajrmuftjrm; xkwfvkyfa&mif;

csvsuf &Sdonf/

vQif20000usyfowfrSwfxm;NyD;UMTA toif;0ifrsm;ukd 10 &mckdifEIef;Discount owfrSwfxm;aMumif;ESif h,if;oifwef;ukd tywfpOfzGifhvSpfoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; ¤if;u xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/

t&nftaoG;edrfUxD;rsm; aps;uGufü rsm;jym;&efukef? Zlvkdif 15&efukef? Zlvkdif 15&efukef? Zlvkdif 15&efukef? Zlvkdif 15&efukef? Zlvkdif 15


trsKd;om;pmMunfUwkdufwGif uGefysLwmjzifUpmtkyf&SmazGpepf tokH;jyKrnf


uGefysLwmjzifh pmtkyf&SmazGonfhpepfukd jrefrmEkdifiH trsKd;om;pmMunfh

wkdufü rMumrD tokH;jyKEkdifawmhrnfjzpfaMumif; trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufrSL;

OD;wifaqmifu Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/

uGefysLwmjzifhpmtkyfpm&if;jyKpkrnfh Software udk Forever ukrÜPD

\ tultnDjzifh pmtkyfpm&if;jyKpkaeNyD; tqkdyg Software wyfqifNyD;pD;

ygu EkdifiHykdifpmMunfhwkdufrsm;wGif BuKHawGU&aom uwfwavmufjzifhom

tokH;jyKí pmtkyf&SmazGjcif;tcuftcJukd pmzwf½Iolrsm; BuKHawGU&rnf

r[kwf[k OD;wifaqmifu qkdonf/

2002 ckESpfrSpí ae&majymif;a&TUzGifhvSpfxm;aom trsKd;om;

pmMunfhwkdufokdY aeYpOfvma&mufol ykHrSef 30 OD;cefY&SdaMumif;ESifh vuf&Sd

&SpfxyftaqmufttkHESifh wjcm;taqmufttkHrsm; NyD;pD;ygu pmMunfh

wkdufynmESifh ywfoufí oifwef;rsm; zGifhvSpf&ef&SdaMumif; ¤if;u

xyf avmif;ajymMum;onf/

yJpif;iHkjynfwGif;aps;ykdaumif;


jrefrmEkdifiH\ t"du0,fvuff

jzpfaom tdEd,yJaps;uGufaygufaps;

xuf jynfwGif;yJaps;uGufü yJpif;iHk

aps;ykd&vsuf&SdaMumif; &efukefNrKdUawmf

&Sd yJt0,f'kdifwpfOD;u Living Color

odkY ZlvkdifvaemufqkH;ywfü ajymMum;

onf/

jynfwGif;aps;uGufü yJpif;ikH

wpfwefvQif usyfokH;odef;jzifhaps;aumif;

&&Sdaeaomfvnf; tdEd,EdkifiH&Sd yJaps;

uGufokdY ykdYukeftjzpf yJrsKd;pkH wifykdYrIwGif

aps;t&enf;aMumif;? yJpif;iHkwifykdYrI

avsmhenf;vmNyD; jynfwGif;aps;uGufü

om a&mif;csaeaMumif;? ukd,fpm;vS,f

rsm;rSm awmifolv,form;rsm;xHrS

xGuf&Sdaom yJrsKd;pkH (ukefMurf;)ukd 0,f

,lokdavSmifxm;NyD; oefYpifNyD;aom yJ

rsKd;pkH (ukefacsm)ukd EkdifiHjcm;yJukrÜPDrsm;

okdY rSm,lEkdifoavmuf wifykdYay;&

aMumif;? ,cifu wpfvvQif jynfyykdY

ukeftjzpf wefwpfaxmifwifyk d YrI

&Sdaomfvnf; arvaemufykdif;rSpí wif

ykd YrI avsmhenf;vmaMumif; ¤if;u

qkdonf/

pkpkaygif; t&SnfuDvkdrDwm 2200

cefY&Sdaom jrefrmEkdifiH\ yifv,furf;

½kd;wef;wpfavQmufü jrefrmEkdifiH rkd;av

0oESifh ZvaA'nTefMum;rIOD;pD;Xmeykdif

rkd;av0o wkdif;wma&;pcef;rsm; vkH;0

r&Sdao;aMumif; tqkdygOD;pD;XmerS

'kwd,nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf OD;xGef;vGif

u Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/

tqkdygOD;pD;XmetaeESifh jrefrmh

yifv,fjyifqkdif&m rkd;av0oESifh Zv

aA'owif;tcsuftvufrsm;uk d

jrefrmhMu,fig;yGifhoabFmvkyfief;rS

wpfqifh &,lae&aMumif;? yifv,fjyif

wkdif;wmcsufrsm;twGuf tvkdtavsmuf

wkdif;wmEkdifaom acwfrDwkdif;wma&;

pufud&d,m wyfqifpcef;rsm; vdktyf

rnfjzpfaMumif;? avmavmq,fwGifrl

OD;pD;XmewpfcktaeESifh yifv,fjyif

qkdif&m ukd,fykdifwkdif;wma&;pcef; r&Sd

ao;aMumif; tqkdygOD;pD;Xmeu qkdonf/

vuf&SdtajctaewGif rkd;av0o

ESifh ZvaA'qkdif&m wkdif;wma&;twGuf

acwfrDpufud&d,mrsm; wkd;csJU&ef vkd

tyfaeNyDjzpfaMumif;? ,cifu tokH;jyK

cJhaom Analoge pepfokH;puf ud&d,m

rsm;tm; acwfrD Digital pepf okH;puf

jrefrmUurf;½kd;wef;ü rkd;Zvwkdif;wma&;pcef; r&Sdao;&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27

rsm;jzifh tpm;xkd;&ef vkdtyfrnfjzpf

aMumif;? qufoG,fa&;ud&d,mrsm;ukd

vnf; ,ckxuf ykdrkdcsJUxGif&OD;rnfjzpf

aMumif; ¤if;wkdYujznfhpGufajymMum;onf/


2004 ckESpf jrpfa&wufjcif;onfpHcsdefopfjzpf


,ckESpf ZlvkdifvwGif jrefrmEkdifiH ajrmufzsm;pGef;ü rkd;&GmoGef;rIrsm;cJhNyD; {&m0wDjrpfa&onf pkd;&drfa&rSwfausmfcJh&mwGif ,cif jrpfa&tjrifh qkH;wufcJhonfh pHcsdefa[mif;ukdyif ausmfvGefoGm;cJhaMumif;rkd;av0oESifh ZvaA'nTefMum;rIOD;pD;XmerS 'kwd,nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyfOD;xGef;vGifu Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/

11-10-1999 aeYwGif Aef;armfNrKdUü pHcsdefa[mif;jzpfaom tjrifhqkH;jrpfa&rSwfonf 1336 pifwDrDwmjzpfcJhNyD; ,ckESpf Zlvkdifv 23 &ufwGif1337 pifwDrDwmtxd a&muf&Sdum pHcsdefopf jzpfoGm;onf/ xkdYtwlrEÅav;NrKdU\ pHcsdefa[mif; jrpfa&rSwfonf 3-10-1997 aeYwGif1305 pifwDrDwm &SdcJhzl;NyD; ,ckESpf Zlvkdifv 27 &ufwGif 1381pifwDrDwmokdY a&muf&SdoGm;um qufvuf jrifhwufvmzG,f&Sdao;aMumif;tqkdyg yk*¾Kdvfu qkdonf/

ppfukdif;NrKdU\ {&m0wDjrpfa&rSwfonfvnf; Zlvkdifv 27 &ufwGif1271 pifwDrDwmokdY a&muf&SdvmNyD; ,cif 13-8-1974 aeYu tjrifhqkH;jzpfaom 1227 pifwDrDwmukd ausmfvGefum pHcsdefopftjzpf rSwfwrf;0ifoGm;onf/

rEÅav;NrKdUawmfü armfawmfqkdifu,frsm;tm; a'owGif; vkdifpifjyKvkyfrSwfykHwifay;jcif;tm; Zlvkdifv 19 &ufaeYrS pwif &yfem;NyD;aemufykdif; Loujia

trnf vkdifpif&Sd w½kwfarmfawmfqkdifu,frsm; t0,fvkdufvsuf&SdaMumif;,mOfrsKd;pkHa&mif;0,fonfhvkyfief; vkyfukdifolwpfOD;u Zlvkdifv 25 &ufaeYwGifajymMum;onf/

qkdifu,frSwfykHwifjcif; aqmif&GufaepOfuyif u,f&D0ifa&mufrIenf;íaps;EIef;wjznf;jznf; jrifhwufvmNyD;

PET trsKd;tpm;tcsKd&nfbl;rsm;topfomokH;oifU


PET yvwfpwpfbl;tMunfjzifhxkwfvkyfaeaom tcsKd&nf trSwfwHqdyfrsm;pGmteuf tcsKdUonf bl;a[mif;(Recircle) ukd jyefvnftokH;jyKaeonfhtwGuf usef;rma&;½Iaxmifht& bl;topfrsm;om okH;oifhaMumif; tazsmf,rum xkwfvkyfrIqkdif&m uRrf;usifolwpfOD;u xkwfazmfajymMum;onf/

yvwfpwpfbl;tMunf PET rsm;onf wpfcgokH;omjzpfoifhNyD; rnfonfhtcsKd&nfwGifrqkd "mwf<uif;pdrfh0ifrItenf;ESifhtrsm; &SdEkdifaMumif;? bl;a[mif;rsm;onf tjcm;"mwkypönf;rsm; okdavSmifjcif;? tjcm;t&mrsm;xm;okdjcif;? roefY&Sif;onfhae&mrsm;wGifvnf; xm;&SdEkdifjcif;wkdYaMumifh rnfrQyif aq;aMumaomfvnf; oefYpifrI &SdEkdifrnfr[kwfaMumif;¤if;u qufvuf&Sif;jyonf/ tcsKd&nfbl;wpfbl;wGif tcsKd&nf\ ukefusp&dwfxuf yvwfpwpfbl;\ ukefusp&dwfuykdrsm;aMumif; xkwfvkyfolrsm;ESifh eD;pyfaom owif;&yfuGufrS od&onf/ bl;a[mif;jzifhxkwfaom tcsKd&nfrsm;udk&efukefaps;uGufxuf e,faps;uGufwGifjzefYcsdvsuf&SdaMumif; ,if;owif;uqkdonf/

,cktcg jrefrmEkdifiHwGif tcsKd&nfxkwfvkyfjzefYjzL;aeaom vkyfief;ESifhukrÜPD 10 ckxufrenf; &Sdaeonf/

rSwfykHwifjcif; &yfem;NyD;aemuf usyfESpfodef;cefY xyfrHjrifhwufoGm;aMumif;rEÅav;NrKdUay:&Sd qkdifu,fa&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief; vkyfukdifoltokdif;t0kdif;wpfcktqkdt& od&onf/ Loujia

qkdifu,frSm tif*sifrmonf[k aps;uGufrS tpGJ&SdonfhtwGuf ,cif usyfokH;odef;pGef;pGef;rS Zlvkdifv aemufqkH;ywfwGif usyf 5 odef;cGJokdY a&muf&SdaeaMumif; qkdifu,frSwfykHwif xyfrHaqmif&Gufay;rnf[k ,lqí a&mif;csolwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

Loujia qkdifu,f t0,fvkdufrEÅav;? Zlvkdif 25rEÅav;? Zlvkdif 25rEÅav;? Zlvkdif 25rEÅav;? Zlvkdif 25rEÅav;? Zlvkdif 25


,ckESpf 'DZifbmwGif ykvJjyyGJ usif;y&ef&Sd&efukef? Zlvkdif 6&efukef? Zlvkdif 6&efukef? Zlvkdif 6&efukef? Zlvkdif 6&efukef? Zlvkdif 6

,ckESpf 'DZifbmvwGif jynfwGif;ykvJjyyGJwpf&yfukd usif;yEkdif&efpDpOfvsuf&SdaMumif; jrefrmhykvJxkwfvkyfa&;ESifh a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;rSOD;aqmifnTefMum;a&;rSL; OD;armifwkd;u Living Color okdY Mo*kwfvqef;ykdif;u xkwfazmfajymMum;onf/

2003 ckESpftwGif; jynfwGif;ykvJjyyGJukd ESpfBudrf usif;ycJhNyD; ,ckESpfwGif wpfBudrf usif;ycJh&m jynfwGif; 0,fvkdtm;rSm ,cifESpfyGJrsm;xufwufvmaMumif;? jrefrmvlrsKd;wkdY\ ykvJ0wfqifrI"avhrSm ykdrkdí us,fjyefYvmaeygaMumif; tqkdygXmerS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u qkdonf/ ,ckusif;yrnfh ykvJjyyGJrSm ykvJ0wfqifrI o½kyfjyyGJrsm;? vuf0wf&wemta&mif;qkdifrsm;? tacsmxnf? tvkH;vkdufta&mif;jycef;rsm;jzifh ykdrkdíae&mus,fus,f0ef;0ef;&Sdaom rif;"r®vrf; tjynfjynfqkdif&m pka0;cef;rwGif usif;y&ef pOf;pm;xm;aMumif; OD;armifwkd;u ajymMum;onf/ ykvJvuf0wf&wemrsm;ukd a&Txnf tm;jyKaom vuf0wf&wemrsm;uJhokdYa&mif;Ekdif0,fEkdifaom aps;uGufwpf&yf us,fus,fjyefYjyefY &SdcJhygu jynfwGif;aps;uGufukd ykdrkdqGJaqmifEkdifrnfjzpfonf[k ykvJaps;uGufuRrf;usifolrsm;u okH;oyfonf/

wkdufcef;iSm;&rf;c usqif;&efukef? Mo*kwf 7&efukef? Mo*kwf 7&efukef? Mo*kwf 7&efukef? Mo*kwf 7&efukef? Mo*kwf 7

uefx½kdufwkdufcef; rsm;jym;aom r*FvmawmifnGefY? ykZGefawmif? wmarG?prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,frsm;wGif ,cifvykdif;rsm;ESifh EIdif;,SOfygu Mo*kwfvqef;wGifwkdufcef;iSm;&rf;crsm; ysrf;rQ usyfwpfaomif;ausmfausmf usqif;aeaMumif;r*Fvm awmifnGefYNrKdUe,frS wkdufcef;ykdif&SifwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

tvkyftukdif tEkwftodrf; rsm;jym;onfhtwGuf rdrdNrKdU&Gmrsm;okdY jyefvnfoGm;a&mufaexkdifonfhtjyif iSm;&ufcoufom&ef NrKdUopfwkdufcef;rsm;okdY ajymif;a&TUiSm;&rf;aexkdifol rsm;jym;vmíjzpfaMumif; wmarGNrKdUe,frS wkdufcef;a&mif;0,fiSm;&rf;rIrsm;tm; 0efaqmifrIay;aeolwpfOD;u qkdonf/ wmarGNrKdUe,ftwGif;yxrxyf iSm;&rf;c ,cif ig;aomif;usyfcefY&Sd&mrS ,ck okH;aomif;ig;axmif?'kwd,xyf ,cif av;aomif;cGJrS ,ck ESpfaomif;ig;axmifESifh okH;aomif;Mum;?wwd,xyf ,cif av;aomif;rS ,ck ESpfaomif;ig;axmif? pwkw¬xyf ,cifokH;aomif;ig;axmifrS ,ck ESpfaomif;txd usqif;aeaMumif; a&mif;0,fiSm;&rf;&í 0efaqmifrIay;oltcsKdU\tqkdt& od&onf/

jrefrmtrsKd;orD;rsm;tMum;Mascara

tokH;jyKrIrsm;jym;&efukef? Mo*kwf 1&efukef? Mo*kwf 1&efukef? Mo*kwf 1&efukef? Mo*kwf 1&efukef? Mo*kwf 1

trsKd;orD;rsm;\ rsufawmifudkaq;qkd;aumhnTwfjcif;jzifh rsuf0ef;tvSqGJaqmifrItm;aumif;apaom Mascara

ac: rsufawmifqkd;aq;&nfrSm i,f&G,foljrefrmtrsKd;orD;rsm;tMum; tokH;rsm;vmNyD; aps;uGuf0if tvSukefwpf&yfjzpfvmaMumif; Mo*kwf v 1 &ufaeYuL'OREAL tvSukefrS xkwfvkyfonfhL'OREAL Double Extension Mascara

rdwfqufyGJtcrf;tem;okdY wuf a&mufolrdwfuyfqHyif tvSzefwD;&Sif wpfOD;uajymMum;onf/

1980 ckESpfrwkdifrDESpfrsm;u jrefrm½kyf&Sifrif;orD;rsm;onf rsufawmifwkrsm;tm; tokH;jyKí rsuf0ef;tvSukdjc,focJhaomfvnf; ,cktcg rsufawmifwktokH;jyKjcif;r&SdawmhbJ Mascara

jzifhom jc,fovm&m EkdifiHjcm;rS wifoGif;vmonfh Mascara trsKd;tpm;rsKd;pkHonf aps;uGuf0ifae&m&vmaMumif;tqkdygtvSzefwD;&Sifu qkdonf/

vS,Ofaus;r,fa[mif;wpfOD;jzpfonfh ZmnDpdrfhu rdrdtaeESifh Mas-

cara udk aeYpOftokH;jyKaMumif;? Mas-

cara wpfbl;vQif wpfaomif;0ef;usifcefYay;&aomfvnf; rdrdrsuf0ef;tvSukdodompGm vSyvmapaMumif;[k Living

Color okdY ajymMum;onf/jrefrmEkdifiHaps;uGuftwGif;okdY

0ifa&mufaeaom Mascara trsKd;tpm;rsKd;pkH&Sdí aps;tcsKdqkH; 600 usyfrS usyfESpfaomif;0ef;usifcefYtxd wefzkd;&SdNyD;Mascara aps;uGufwGif L'OREAL


ig;oavmufrsm; b*Fvm;a'U&SfokdhqufwkdufykdhppfawG? Zlvkdif 31ppfawG? Zlvkdif 31ppfawG? Zlvkdif 31ppfawG? Zlvkdif 31ppfawG? Zlvkdif 31

&ckdifurf;½kd;wef;wGif ,ckESpf rkd;&moDü ig;oavmuf zrf;qD;&&SdrIrsm;jym;onfhtwGuf ppfawGNrKdUrS b*Fvm;a'h&SfEkdifiHokdY qufwkdufwifykdYa&mif;csojzifh a'ocHa&vkyfief;&Sifrsm; 0ifaiGaumif;vsuf&SdaMumif;a&xGufypönf;ykdYukefvkyfief;vkyfukdifolwpfOD;u ZlvkdifvaemufqkH;ywfüajymMum;onf/

ig;oavmufrsm;tm; taumift&G,ftpm;tvkduf 500 usyfrS1000 usyftxd aps;ay;um ppfawGNrKdU ig;'kdifrsm;u 0,f,lvsuf&SdaMumif;? ppfawGNrKdUwGif a&cJ½kdufum &moDOwktajctaeukd csdefqíb*Fvm;a'h&SfokdY wifykdYvsuf&SdaMumif; tqkdygvkyfief;&Sifu xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/

eDaygEkdifiH cwårEKNrKdUwGif tajcpkdufonfh tjynfjynfqkdif&m awmifwef;a'ozGHUNzKd;a&;tzGJUBuD;ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd opfawmo,HZmw0ef;usifzGHUNzKd;wkd;wufa&;ESifh xdef;odrf;a&; toif;(FREDA) wkd Y y l l ;aygif;í opfawm0ef;usifxdef;odrf;a&;qkdif&mvkyfief;rsm;uk d 2004 ckESpfrSpwifíyl;aygif;vkyfaqmifoGm;rnf[k FREDA

tzGJU\ Ouú|OD;pdefatmif0ifhu Zlvkdifv27 &ufaeYwGif IBC taqmufttkHüusif;yaom FREDA \ t|rtBudrfajrmuf tpnf;ta0;wGif ajymMum;oGm;onf/

eDaygEkdifiH cwårE´KNrKdU&Sd tjynfjynfqkdif&m awmifwef;a'ozGHUNzKd;a&;tzGJUBuD;rS wm0ef&SdoltcsKdUonf 2003ckESpftwGif; &efukefokdY vma&mufíFREDA rS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh aqG;aEG;cJhonf[k ¤if;u qkdonf/

1996 ckESpfu pwifwnfaxmifcJ haom FREDA tzGJUtpnf;onfopfawmOD;pD;Xme? *syefEkdifiHrS JICA

tzGJUwkdUESifh yl;aygif;í opfawm0ef;usifxdef;odrf;a&;qkdif&m vkyfief;rsm;ukdvkyfaqmifvsuf&Sdonf[k toif;BuD;\ESpfywfvnftpD&ifcHpmwGif azmfjyxm;onf/

tvSukefrS jzefYcsdaeaom Mascara

trsKd; tpm; av;rsKd;&Sdonf[k L'OREAL

rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

Software Engineer rsm;enf;ynmopfrsm;ukd

tNrJwrf;tokH;jyKae&efvkd&efukef? Mo*kwf 9&efukef? Mo*kwf 9&efukef? Mo*kwf 9&efukef? Mo*kwf 9&efukef? Mo*kwf 9

jynfwGif;&Sd Software Engineer

rsm;taejzifh tNrJwrf; ay:aygufaeonfh Tools ESifh enf;ynmopfrsm;ukdtokH;csí rdrdwkdY\ Products rsm;ukda&;qGJxkwfvkyfEkdif&ef vdktyfaMumif;Myanmar Information Technology

Pte. Ltd. rS 'g½kdufwm OD;&Jol&oufuZlvkdifv 27 &ufaeYu ajymMum;onf/

xkdaeY eHeufykdif;u &efukefNrKdUMICT Park ü Myanmar Professional

Education Center (MPEC) rS usif;yjyKvkyfaom Education For ICT Pro-

fessional Seminar ü ¤if;u txufygtwkdif; ajymMum;oGm;jcif; jzpfonf/

Software Engineer wpfOD;\t&nftcsif;onf acwfay: Tools ESifhenf;ynmopfrsm;ukd rnfuJhokdY azmfxkwftokH;csEkdifrItay:wGif rlwnfaeaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

tqkdyg Seminar ü Enterprise

Application Development With

Microsoft.Net taMumif;ukd OD;&Jol&oufuvnf;aumif;? Web-based Java

Programming++ bmom&yftaMumif;ukd vufaxmuftaxGaxGrefae*smOD;aevif;oef;uvnf;aumif;&Sif;vif;ajymMum;cJhMuonf/

tjynfjynfqkdif&m awmifwef;a'ozGH h NzKd;a&;tzGJ h BuD;ESifU FREDA wkdh vkyfief;rsm;

yl;aygif;vkyfaqmifrnf&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27&efukef? Zlvkdif 27


EGm;rsKd;&nfacsmif; ckepfaomif;jynfyrS wifoGif;


jrefrmEkdifiH arG;jrLa&;vkyfief;rsm; zGHUNzKd;a&;twGuf arxkefrJhenf;jzifh rsKd;pyfEkdif&ef EGm;xD;? EGm;r rsKd;aumif;rsKd;oefYrsm;\ rsKd;&nfacsmif;ckepfaomif;cefYukd jynfyrS wifoGif;cJhonf[k arG;jrLa&;ESifhukoa&;OD;pD;XmerS t&mxrf;wpfOD;u Zlvkdifv 'kwd,ywfwGif ajymMum;cJhonf/

tqkdygrsKd;&nfacsmif;rsm;tm; jynfwGif;arG;jrLa&;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;twGuf tcaMu;aiG,lí rsKd;pyfvkyfief;rsm;ukd vkyfukdifoGm;rnfjzpfNyD;,cktcg jrefrmEkdifiHrS wd&pämefxGufypönf;rsm;jzpfonfh EGm;? EGm;uvDpmESifh om;a&rsm;ukd xkdif;EkdifiHESifh w½kwfEkdifiHokdY ykHrSef wifykdYvsuf&Sdonf[ktqkdygt&mxrf;u qkdonf/

rkH&Gm -uav;0um;vrf;c&D;

oGm;vma&;cufcJ&efukef? Zlvkdif 20&efukef? Zlvkdif 20&efukef? Zlvkdif 20&efukef? Zlvkdif 20&efukef? Zlvkdif 20

rkd;tqufrjywf&GmoGef;cJhrIaMumifhrkH&GmNrKdUrS uav;0NrKdUokdY qufoG,fazmufvkyfxm;aom rlvvrf;a[mif;jzpfonfh r[mNrKdifjzwfvrf;ESifh rMumao;rDu topfzGifhvSpfcJhaom csif;wGif;jrpftaemufbufurf;&Sd rkH&Gm-,mBuD;-uav;0 vrf;opfwkdYrSmtokH;jyKír&ojzifh rkH&GmNrKdUrS uav;0NrKdUokdY oGm;a&mufvkdolrsm;tzkdY csif;wGif;jrpfaMumif;c&D;ukdom t"dutm;xm;ae&aMumif; uav;0NrKdUcHvli,fwpfOD;uajymMum;onf/

c&D;tuGmta0; 160 rkdifcefY&Snfvsm;onfh rlvvrf;a[mif;jzpfaom r[mNrKdifjzwfvrf;rSm tqufrjywf rkd;&GmoGef;csdefü AGuffrsm;xumacsmif;rsm;a&ausmfaeaomaMumifhtqkdygvrf;rS jzwfoef;oGm;vmonfhc&D;onfwifum;rsm; r[mNrKdifawmtwGif; wef;pDí ntdyfnaeapmifhqkdif;aeMu&ojzifh vrf;c&D;ü MuefYMumrIrsm; ay:ayguf&aMumif; ¤if;u ajymMum;onf/

tdE´d,-jrefrm-xdkif; okH;EkdifiHta0;ajy;vrf;rBuD;\ pDrHudef;tpdwftykdif;tjzpf uav;0NrKdUü csif;wGif;jrpful;wHwm;wpfpif; aqmufvkyfNyD;ygu tqkdygr[mNrKdifjzwfvrf;tm;tokH;jyKazmufvkyfoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;uav;0NrKdUrS Xmeqkdif&m0efxrf;wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/ (owif;azmfjyNyD;? Living Color-108)

a&aMumif;c&D;rsm;ukdom t"dutrsm;qkH;tokH;jyKoGm;vmae&aom{&m0wDwkdif;twGif; bkduav;NrKdUe,fESifh trmNrKdUe,fcGJ oabFmonf owfrSwfxm;aom pD;eif;cEIef;xm;rsm;xufykdrkdaumufcHaeonf[k trmNrKdUe,fcGJrSppfrIxrf;a[mif;c&D;oGm;wpfOD;u Liv-

ing Color okdY ZlvkdifvaESmif;ydkif; wGifajymMum;cJhonf/

2004 ckESpf ESpfOD;ykdif;wGif trmNrKdUe,fcGJa&muf Xmeqkdif&m tBuD;tuJwpfOD;u c&D;onfwpfOD;vQif pD;eif;c500 usyf owfrSwfay;cJhaomfvnf;,if;aemufydkif;wGif 800 usyfokdY wkd;jr§ifhaumufcHvsuf&SdaMumif;? oabFm

rsm;onf nykdif;rSom trsm;qkH;oGm;vmNyD; jrpfa&twuftusESifh oGm;vmMuaMumif;? wpfcgwpf&H vIdif;avrsm;Mum;wGif oGm;vm&onfhtwGuf c&D;oGm;rsm;taejzifh rjrifEkdifaom usa&mufvmrnfh tEÅ&m,frsm;ukd pkd;&drfxdwfvefY&aMumif; a&,mOfpD;c&D;onfwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/ bkduav;-trmoabFmrsm;onf yk*¾vdu pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;udk vkyfukdifcGifhay;xm;NyD; jrefrmha&eHxGufypönf; a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief; pufokH;qDta&mif;qkdifrSvnf; pufokH;qDrsm;ukd tjynfht0 xkwfay;xm;aMumif; oabFmvkdif;rSoabFmom;wpfOD;u qkdonf/

bkduav;-trmNrKdYe,fcGJoabFmpD;eif;c ykdrkdaumufcH[kqkd

bkduav;? Mo*kwf 1bkduav;? Mo*kwf 1bkduav;? Mo*kwf 1bkduav;? Mo*kwf 1bkduav;? Mo*kwf 1

2004.SEPTEMBER. LIVING COLOR .22(1)

wuúok dvftoD;oD;rS q&mq&mrESifh tzGJU0if ausmif;om;ausmif;olpkpkaygif; 90 OD; yg0ifaom wuúokdvfrsm; ajcvsifESifh awmifwuftzGJUonfrGefjynfe,f oxkHc½kdif&Sd ay 3000cefYjrifhrm;aom auvmoawmifwef;ay:okdYrk d;&moDawmifwufavhusif hrIrsm;jyKvkyf&ef &efukefNrKdUrS Zlvkdifv 16

&uf aeY eHeufu &xm;c&D;jzifh xGufcGmoGm;MuaMumif; wuúokdvfrsm; ajcvsifESifhawmifwuftoif;rS trIaqmifwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

jrefrmEkdifiH ajcvsifESifh awmifwuftzGJUcsKyf twGif;a&;rSL;ESifh wuúokdvfrsm; ajcvsifESifh awmifwuftoif;Ouú| &efukefwuúokdvf jrefrmpmXme

wuúokdvfrsm; ajcvsifESifU awmifwuftzGJ hauvmoawmifokdh xGufcGm


uxdu OD;rsK d;oefY OD;aqmifaomtqkdygawmifwuftzGJUonf oxkHc½kdiftwGif;&Sd a0ykv’awmiftygt0if?usK dufwvef;awmif? auvmozawmifESifh jroydwfawmifrsm;okdYygavhusifhwufa&mufMu&if; tqkdyga'otwGif; 0if;uaus;&Gm&Sd bkef;awmfBuD;ausmif;rsm;wGif 0gqkdouFef; qufuyfvSL'gef;MurnfjzpfaMumif;ESifh c&D;pOfumv pkpkaygif; okH;ntdyf av;&ufMumjrifhrnfjzpfaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

tokH;jyKol\ vkdtyfcsuftvkduf

cGJjcrf;0,f,lEkdifNyD; jrefrmEkdifiHü yxr

OD;qkH; qkdifwifa&mif;csonfh BizAcc

Gold trnf&Sd Accounting Software

ukd Myanmar Information Technology

Pte.Ltd. (MIT)rS Zlvk difvtwGif;

aps;uGufokdY xkwfvkyfjzefYcsdvkdufaMumif;

tqkdygukrÜPDrS 'g½kdufwmOD;&Jol&

oufu ajymMum;onf/

tqkdyg BizAcc Gold uGefysLwm

pm&if;ukdifpepfukd MIT rS ,cifu xkwf

a0cJhonfh BizAcc uGefysLwmpm&if;

ukdifpepftay: tajccHNyD; tokH;jyKol

rsm;\ vkdtyfcsufrsm; jynfhpkHap&ef

Edition ig;rsK d;cG Jjcm;í jznfhqnf;

xkwfa0vkdufjcif;jzpfonf[k ¤if;u

qkdonf/ ,cifu MIT tygt0if

jynfwGif; IT ukrÜPDtoD;oD;rS xkwf

a0cJhonfh Software rsm;rSm tokH;jyKol

(User)xH wkduf½kduf oGm;a&mufa&mif;cs

cJhjcif;jzpfNyD; ,ckpepfrSmrl eD;pyf&m

Supermarket rsm;wGif rdrdtokH;jyKvkdonfh

Edition tvkduf a&G;cs,f0,f,lEkdifMuNyD

jzpfaMumif;? tokH;jyK&vG,fulap&ef

Edition wpfckcsif;tvkduf Manual

tnTef;pmtkyfESifh Copy ul;,ljcif;rS

umuG,fEkdif&ef Hardware Protection

Key ESifh vkdifpif (Software Protec-

tion Key) ESpfrsKd;yg yg&SdaMumif; ¤if;u

&Sif;jyonf/

,if; BizAcc Gold uGefysLwm

pm&if;ukdifpepfwGif uGefysLwmpm&if;ukdif

tajccHoifwef;rsm;ESifh avhvmvdkolrsm;

twGuf Database Record 1000 om

yxrOD;qkH; qkdifwifa&mif;csonfU jynfwGif;xkwfAccounting Software xGufay:


xnfhoGif;Ekdifrnfh Academic Edition ?

ti,fpm;ESifh tvwfpm;pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;

rsm;twGuf Economic Edition ?

ukrÜPDESifh pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief; (Enterprise)

rsm;twGuf Standard Edition ? ukrÜPD

pm&if;ppfrsm;ESifh Accountants rsm;

twGuf Professional Edition ESif h

ukrÜPDBuD;rsm;ESifh tBuD;pm; pD;yGm;a&;

vkyfief;rsm;twGuf Database rsm;pGm

xnfhoGif;tokH;jyKEkdifNyD; Project Cost-

ing, Asset Management ESifh MS SQL

wkdY yg0ifonfh Enterprise Edition [lí

ig;rsKd;cGJjcm;xm;NyD; uGefysLwmwpfckcsif;

omru tcsif;csif; Network csdwf

qufí tokH;jyKEkdifMuaMumif; ¤if;u

xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/

,cktcg jrefrmEkdifiHwpf0ef;ü MIT

rS xkwfa0cJhonfh BizAcc uGefysLwm

pm&if;ukdifpepfukd tokH;jyKaeMuol pkpk

aygif; 400 ausmf &SdoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif;

tqkdygukrÜPD\ Sales and Marketing

Department rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u

ajymMum;onf/

22(2) LIVING COLOR .SEPTEMBER. 2004

jrefrmEkdifiHü xef;yiftaygrsm;qkH;aygufa&muf&mESifh xef;vsuf t"ducsufvkyf&ma'oBuD;jzpfonfh rEÅav;wkdif; ausmufyef;awmif;NrKdUe,ftwGif;üxef;yifay:rS rawmfwqjyKwfusjcif;(xef;avQmjcif;)aMumifh ESpfpOf xef;wuform; 120 OD;xufrenf; toufqkH;½IH;jcif; okdYr[kwf 'ku©dwb0 a&mufjcif;wkdYESifh BuKHawGUae&aMumif; tqkdyga'otwGif; avhvmokawoejyKcJholq&m0efwpfOD;u Living Color okdYajymMum;onf/

tqkdygudef;*Pef;yrmPonfoufqkdif&m aq;½kH? aq;cef;rsm;okdYxef;avQmjcif;aMumifh a&muf&SdvmaomvlemOD;a&ukd wGufcsuf&,lxm;jcif;jzpfaMumif;?trSefwu,fwGifrl txufygaq;½kH? aq;cef;rsm;okdY vma&mufjyoukorI cH,ljcif;r&Sdaom rsufuG,f&SdaoqkH;ol okdYr[kwf 'ku©dwb0 a&muf

&SdolOD;a&rSm tqkdygyrmPxuf ig;qrS&Spfqtxd &SdEkdifaMumif; a'ocHrsm;\tqkdukd ukd;um;í ¤if;u qkdonf/

xkduJhokdY rawmfwqjzpfyGm;rIrsm;jrefrmEkdifiHwpf0ef;vkH;wGifvnf; BuKHawGUaevsuf&SdaMumif;? toufqkH;½IH;olESifh 'ku©dwb0 a&muf&Sdolrsm;ukdMunfhvQif vlvwfykdif; t&G,faumif;trsKd;om;rsm;jzpfMuaMumif;? ¤if;wkdYomru ¤if;wkdYukd rSDckdtm;xm;ae&onfhrdom;pk0ifrsm;yg 'ku©a&mufMu&aMumif;?xkduJhokdY rawmfwqjzpfyGm;rIrsm; avsmhyg;yaysmufoGm;ap&eftwGuf xef;wuform;wkdY\ rd½kd;zvmtavhtxESifh Attitude ukd tcsdef,l ynmay;jyKjyif&rnfjzpfaMumif;? oufqkdif&mwm0ef&Sd tmPmykdiftzGJUtpnf;rsm;uvnf; pDrHcsufwpfcktoGif csrSwfumtouftEÅ&m,f BuKdwifumuG,fa&;usef;rma&;ynmay;vkyfief;rsm;ukd

xdxda&mufa&muf uGif;qif;aqmif&GufoifhaMumif; ¤if;u tBuHjyKajymMum;oGm;onf/

jrefrmEk difiHtygt0if ta&SUawmiftm&SEkdifiHrsm;ü vkyfief;cGif rawmfwq xdckduf'Pf&m &&Sdjcif;aMumifh ESpfpOfaoqkH;ol okdYr[kwf 'ku©dwb0 a&muf&SdolOD;a&rSm wkd;wufrsm;jym;vmvsuf&SdaMumif;? xkdokdYjzpf&jcif;aMumifh vkyfief;toD;oD;ü vkyfom;tiftm;epfemqkH;½IH;rIrsm; jzpfay:NyD; usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrIESifh b0jyefvnfxlaxmifa&;vkyfief;rsm;wGifvnf; 0efxkyf0efykd;jzpfay:ae&aMumif; urÇmhusef;rma&;tzGJU (WHO)\ Health Situation in

South-East Asia (1994-1997) ppfwrf;wGif azmfjyyg&Sdonf/ usef;rma&;0efBuD;XmerS xkwfjyefcJ haom trsKd;om;usef;rma&;pDrHcsufwGif jrefrmEkdifiHüaoqkH;rItrsm;qkH; t"du a&m*gBuD;39 rsKd; &Sdonfhteuf rawmfwq xdckdufjcif;onf OD;pm;ay;tqifh 33 wGif&Sdonf[k azmfjyxm;onf/

xef;avQmjcif;aMumifU ESpfpOf toufqkH;½IH;rIrsm; jzpfay:&efukef? Zlvkdif 24&efukef? Zlvkdif 24&efukef? Zlvkdif 24&efukef? Zlvkdif 24&efukef? Zlvkdif 24

Zlvkdifv aemufqkH;ywfrS Mo*kwfv yxrywftwGif; rEÅav;NrKdUawmfü*kda'gifajymif;a&TUrI rsm;jym;cJhaMumif;jynfBuD;wHcGefNrKdUe,frS pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u Living Color okdYajymMum;onf/

rEÅav;NrKdU {&m0wDjrpfa&onfZlvkdifv 27 &uf rGef;wnfhu 1968aemufykdif; tjrifhqkH;pHcsdefjzpfonfh1382 pifwDrDwmokdY a&muf&SdcJh&mrEÅav;NrKdUawmf&Sd urf;em;vrf;buf

ESifh NrKdUopfykdif;ae&mrsm;ü qef? yJ okdavSmifxm;olrsm;rSm ypönf;rsm; a&TUajymif;okdavSmif&onfhtwGuf ukefusp&dwf rsm;jym;cJhaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/ tqkdygtcsdefwGif awmifay:okdYa&muf&Sdaeaom ukefwif,mOfBuD;rsm;vnf; qif;rvmonfhtwGuf um;iSm;crsm;yg aps;EIef;jrifhrm;cJhaMumif;? uRJqnfuefyG J½k Hwef;rsm;rSmvnf; a&a&muf&Sdvmrnfukd pkd;&drfcJhaMumif;?okdYaomf tqkdygae&mokdY a&a&mufjcif;

*kda'gif a&TY ajymif;rI rsm;jym;rEÅav;? Zlvkdif 28rEÅav;? Zlvkdif 28rEÅav;? Zlvkdif 28rEÅav;? Zlvkdif 28rEÅav;? Zlvkdif 28

r&SdcJhaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/ rEÅav;NrKdUay:&Sd pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;okdYtusKd;oufa&mufrI r&Sdaomfvnf;tr&yl&bufESifh OD;ydefwHwm; wnf&Sd&mae&mrsm;wGif a&wufonfhtwGuf&ufuef;vkyfief;rsm; &yfem;xm;&onfhtjyif OD;ydefwHwm;toGm; qkdifcef;rsm;vnf; jyefvnfjyifqif&zG,f&SdaMumif;¤if;u ajymMum;onf/ rEÅav;NrKdUawmftjynfjynfqkdif&mavqdyfokdY oGm;&mvrf;wpfavQmufwGif tqkdyg&ufrsm;üarmfawmf,mOfrsm;\ tif*sifcef; a&0ifum pufcRwf,Gif;rI rsm;jym;cJhaMumif;¤if;u xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/

2004.SEPTEMBER. LIVING COLOR 22(3)

rkd;rsm; ESrf;aps; ykd&&efukef? Mo*kwf 6&efukef? Mo*kwf 6&efukef? Mo*kwf 6&efukef? Mo*kwf 6&efukef? Mo*kwf 6

,ckESpf ESrf;BuJ&moDaemufykdif;rkd;rsm;cJhí ESrf;xGufavsmhuszG,f&Sd&mavSmifvuf0,f&moDwGif ,ck vuf&SdESrf;aps;xuf ykdrkdí &&SdzG,f&SdaMumif;rauG;wkdif; ewfarmufNrKdUe,frS ESrf;pkdufawmifolrdom;pkwpfpku Mo*kwfvqef;ü ajymMum;onf/

Mo*kwfvqef;ü ESrf;wpfwif;vQif(euf^tjzL )wpfaomif;okH;axmifusyfcefY &SdaeNyD; ESrf;avSmifol ukefonf0,fvufrsm; qif;rvmao;í aps;Nidrfaeaomfvnf; ,ckESpf ESrf;BuJ&moDrSpírkd;aumif;cJhjcif;u ESrf;xGufavsmhusapEkdifonfhtwGuf avSmifvuf&moDwGif,cif aps;aumif;pOf &&SdcJhaom wpfwif;vQif ESpfaomif;usyfeD;yg;xd

a&muf&SdoGm;zG,f&SdaMumif; tqkdygrdom;pk0ifwpfOD;u qkdonf/ ESrf;BuJ&moDwGif rsKd;twGuf ukefusp&dwfrSmwpf{u wpfcGJ (wif; wpf0uf)ESifhajrqDtcH tnKd? tjzL (ykvJ) ESpftdwftokH;jyKrnfqkdygu wpf{ucsif; ukefusp&dwfrSm 40000 usyfeD;yg; &SdaMumif;?ESrf;wpf{u txGufEIef; ig;wif;?ajcmufwif;om&&SdcJhyguvuf&Sd aygufaps;jzifhqkdvQif vkyftm;qkH;½IH;NyD; wGufajcrukdufEkdifaMumif;? &moDOwk? rkd;tqifajyacsmarGUonfhESpfrsm;wGif wpf{u 20wif;cefY &&SdcJhygu wGufajcukdufaMumif;¤if;u qufvuf&Sif;jyonf/

v,f,mpkdufysKd;a&;ynm&SifwpfOD;u ESrf;onf &moDOwktay:wGif t"duwnfrSDae&onfhtwGuf avmif;upm;qefonfh oD;ESHjzpfaMumif;? ESrf;pkdufawmifolrsm;twGuf aps;uGufü rufvkH;&Sdonfhaps;EIef;&&Sd&ef ta&;BuD;

aMumif;? xkdokdYr[kwfbJ tjcm;tNyKdifoD;ESHrsm; ajymif;vJpkdufysKd;jcif;rsm;&Sdvmygu qDxGufoD;ESHrsm; xGuf&SdrItay: xdckdufEkdifaMumif; pmwrf;zwfyGJwpfckwGif zGifhqkdoGm;cJhonf/

jrefrmEk difiH qDukefonfrsm;toif;rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;uvnf;ESrf;aps;aumif;&&Sd&efrSm jynfywifykdYrItay:wGif t"du wnfrSDaeaMumif;ESrf;eufwpfwefukd jynfywifykdYygupm;tkef;qD ESpfwef jyefvnf0,f,lEkdifaMumif; tqkdygyGJwGif rSwfcsufjyKcJhonf/

qDxGufoD;ESHjzpfonfh ESrf;? ajryJpkdufysKd;jcif;wGif wpfwkH;xGeform;trsm;pkjzpfí tjcm;qDxGufoD;ESH qDtkef;uJhokdYb@ma&;taxmuftyHh r&&SdonfhtwGuf tao;pm; pkdufysKd;p&dwfacs;aiG rsm;us,fus,fjyefYjyefY&&Sd&ef vkdtyfvsuf&SdaMumif; ynm&SifwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

Mo*kwfvqef;rS pwifí armfawmf,mOfaps;EIef;rsm; jyefvnfusqif;vsuf&Sdaomfvnf; Nissan ukrÜPDxkwfSunny Supersaloon ,mOfrsm;rSm jyefvnfusqif;onfhyrmP enf;yg;aMumif; [Hom0wD,mOfa&mif;0,fa&;pcef;rS vkyfouf&ifh 0,fa&mif;tcsKdUxHrSMo*kwfv yxrywftwGif; owif;&&Sdonf/

armfawmf,mOfaps;EIef;rSm 2004ckESpftwGif;ü wnfNidrfrI vGefpGmenf;yg;NyD; a&mif;csdefwGif aps;jyefwufjcif;?0,f,lNyD;csdefü aps;jyefusqif;jcif;rsm;rMumcP jzpfay:vsuf&Sd&m qDpm;EIef;

oufomNyD; jyifqif&onfhp&dwfpursm;pGmrukefusonfh 86^87 armf',fvftqkdyg,mOfrsm;tm; jyefvnfa&mif;csjcif;rjyKbJ vuf0,fukdifxm;ol rsm;jym;aMumif; prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,f a&T&nfvufzuf&nfqkdifteD; aexkdifonfhvkyfouf&ifh 0,fa&mif;wpfOD;u pdwfwkdif;us vufzuf&nfqkdifü ajymMum;onf/

tcGefwGufcsufaumufcHrIEIef;xm;tajymif;tvJukd taMumif;cHí aps;upm;rI&SdcJh&mrS ZlvkdifvtwGif; usyfodef;wpf&mESifh odef;okH;&mMum; wefzkd;&Sd,mOfrsm; odef;ESpfq,frS okH;q,f

twGif; jrifhwufoGm;cJhNyD; arQmfrSef;onfh0,fvkdtm; trSefwu,f jzpfay:jcif;r&SdonfhtwGuf Mo*kwfvqef;wGifwufoGm;onfh yrmP\ okH;ykHESpfykHcefYjyefvnfusqif;oGm;aomfvnf; qlygqvGef;rsm;rSm wpfpD;vQif usyfig;odef;cefYom usqif;aMumif; &efuif;NrKdUe,f trSwf(1) pufrI0efBuD;XmeteD;aexkdifonfh vkyfouf&ifh 0,fa&mif;wpfOD;u wGufcsufjyonf/ Mo*kwfvqef;ü usyfodef; 140 ac: aps;&Sd 87

armf',fvfqlygqvGef; ]o}tu©&m rSmZlvkdifvqef;twGuf 165 odef;txdac:qkdrI&S dcJ haMumif; wmarGNrKdUe,fowdy|mefvrf;okdY ta&mif;t0,fjyKvkyf&ef vma&mufonfh oCFef;uRef;NrKdUe,frS wkdif;&if;aq;q&mwpfOD;uajymMum;onf/

qlygqvGef; aps;usEIef;enf;&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8&efukef? Mo*kwf 8


aw;xkwfvkyfa&;vkyfief;opfaw;a&;opfrsm; tokH;jyKrnf


aqmufvkyfa&;vkyfief;&Sif? aw;oH&Sif? aw;pD;&D;xkwfvkyfol? Grand Royal Whisky rS 'g½kdufwmwpfOD;pkpkaygif; ckepfOD; yl;aygif;wnfaxmifonfh Seven Melody

Creative Division rS aw;a&;topfrsm; a&G;cs,fí aw;xkwfvkyfa&;vkyfief; aqmif&GufoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tzGJU0ifwpfOD;jzpfol OD;rkd;oef;cspfu ajymMum;onf/

touf 19 ESpfESifh 34 ESpfMum; y&dowfrsm;ESpfNcKduf atmifypfrSwfxm; a&;zGJUxm;onfh aw;oDcsif;wpfyk'fvQif aw;a&;cusyfwpfodef; ay;acsrnfjzpfNyD; 2004 ckESpf puf wifbmv

rsKd;qufopfq&m0efrsm;rSm aq;ynmbGJU,lxm;aomfvnf; aq;ukorIykdif;qkdif&m pdwf0ifpm;rIenf;yg;vmonfhtwGuf ,cifu TMO ac: NrKdUe,fq&m0eftqifhwGift½kd; ukorIukd uRrf;usifpGm aqmif&GufEkdifaomfvnf;,cktcg pGrf;aqmifEkdifrI enf;yg;um ukorIü trSm;t,Gif;rsm;jym; vmonfukd awGU&aMumif; &efukefaq;wuúokdvf(1)t½kd; a&m*gukorIXmeygarmu©a'gufwmausmfjrifhEkdifuajymMum; onf/

TRAUMA ac: xdckduf'Pf&m &rIrsm;ukd uko&mwGifq&m0eftcsKdU\ trSm;t,Gif;tcsKdU awGUvm&ojzifh taxGaxGa&m*gukq&m0efrsm; Orthopaedics ac: t½kd;a&m*gukorIaq;ynm&yfukd uRrf;usifrI&Sd&ef txl;vkdtyfaMumif; Mo*kwf

30 &ufaeY aemufqk H ;xm;í &e fuke f Nr K d U r[mAE¨Kvyef;NcHvrf;&Sd pHy,fOD;aw;oHoGif;okdY ay;ykdYEkdifaMumif;?aw;oDcsif; pyfqkda&;zGJU&mü (aumfyDoDcsif;rsm;yg ay;ykdYEkdif)tMurf;wD;cwfrIESifh tqkdMurf; yg0ifaom Tape acGyg yl;wGJay;ykdY&rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdygvkyfief;rS xkwfjyefaMunmxm;onf/ tqkdygaMumfjimwGif *DwoauFw yg0ifonfh pmom;tjynfhtpkHtjyif acGMurf;aooyfrI Quality onf ta&;BuD;onf[k azmfjyxm;&m tqkdygudpörsm; aqmif&Guf&ef aiGaMu; aomif;*Pef; tokH;jyK&rnfjzpfaomfvnf; rdrdoDcsif;rsm;ukd emrnfBuD;aw;*Dw0kdif;jzifh wD;rIwfoDqkdum aps;uGuftwGif; jzefYcsdonfh tcGifhta&;ukd ESpfNcKdufojzifh oDcsif;rsm; a&;zGJUay;ykdYjzpfaMumif; jrefrmwkdif;&if;om; aw;*Dw 0goemvli,fwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

v 7 &ufaeYu jrefrmEkdifiH q&m0eftoif;wGif usif;yaom(13)Budrfajrmuf t½kd;a&m*gukorIqkdif&m rGrf;rHoifwef;zGifhyGJtcrf;tem;wGif ¤if;u ajymMum;jcif;jzpfonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif t½kd;a&m*gukorIqkdif&m enf;ynmonftxkduftavsmuf wkd;wufvmNyD; wifyg;qkHtpm;xkd;rIESifh'l;qpftpm;xkd;rIukd atmifjrifpGm aqmif&GufEkdifNyD[k a'gufwmausmfjrifhEkdifu ajymMum;onf/

t½kd;a&m*gukorIXmeonf jyifopf? MopaMw;vs?xkdif;EkdifiH? pifumylEkdifiHwkdYrS t½kd;a&m*gukq&m0efrsm;ESifhyl;aygif;í enf;ynmESifh ypönf;axmufyHhrIrsm; &,lí ukorIrsm; aqmif&Gufaeonf[k t½kd;a&m*gukorIqkdif&m ygarmu©u Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/

trsKd;orD;pD;&D;acG xkwfvkyfolrsm;&efukef? Mo*kwf 7&efukef? Mo*kwf 7&efukef? Mo*kwf 7&efukef? Mo*kwf 7&efukef? Mo*kwf 7

jrefrmEkdifiH aw;oDcsif;xkwfvkyfonfhaps;uGufü trsKd;orD;aw;oDcsif;rsm; pDpOfxkwfa0ol rsm;jym;vmaMumif;ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,ftwGif;&Sd aw;xkwfvkyfa&;vkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u Mo*kwfvqef;ü ajymMum;onf/

rsKd;qufopfq&m0efrsm; t½kd;ukorIqkdif&m pGrf;aqmifEkdifrI enf;yg; &efukef? Mo*kwf 7 &efukef? Mo*kwf 7 &efukef? Mo*kwf 7 &efukef? Mo*kwf 7 &efukef? Mo*kwf 7

ygarmu©a'gufwmausmfjrifhEkdifygarmu©a'gufwmausmfjrifhEkdifygarmu©a'gufwmausmfjrifhEkdifygarmu©a'gufwmausmfjrifhEkdifygarmu©a'gufwmausmfjrifhEkdif

trsKd;orD;aw;oH&SiftcsKdUrSm aps;EIef;n§dEIdif;& vG,ful&m vlopfwef;tcsKdUqkdvQif wpfyk'foDqkdc aomif;*Pef;omay;acs&jcif;? tcsKdUrSm aiGaMu;pkdufxnfhíyif yg0ifoDqkdjcif;rsm; &SdaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

Mo*kwfvqef;wGif xkwfjyefonfh Yangon's Top 20

Music Tapes pm&if;ü trsKd;orD;aw;oH&Sifrsm;\ aw;oDcsif;acG ckepfcktxd yg0ifonfhtjyif trsKd;orD;aw;oH&Sifrsm;oD;oefYpkpnf;oDqkdonfh aw;pD;&D;wpfckrSm eHygwfwpfae&mwGif &Sdaeonfukd awGU&onf/

2004.SEPTEMBER. LIVING COLOR 22(5)

Excel Treasure Tower Shopping Mall

qkdifcef;rsm;tm;vkH; iSm;&rf;NyD;pD;&efukef? Mo*kwf 3&efukef? Mo*kwf 3&efukef? Mo*kwf 3&efukef? Mo*kwf 3&efukef? Mo*kwf 3

Zlvkdifv 2 &ufaeYu zGifhvSpfvkdufaom Excel Treasure Tower Shopping

Mall wGif aps;qkdifcef;rsm;tm;vkH; iSm;&rf;NyD;pD;NyDjzpfí aemufxyf iSm;&rf;p&mtcef;vGwfr&SdawmhbJ vlaetdrfcef;ESifh ½kH;cef;rsm;om iSm;&rf;p&m&SdawmhaMumif;Excel Treasure Tower Shopping Mall \ aps;uGufrefae*sm a':0g0gu Living

Color okdY ajymMum;onf/Shopping Center rsm;wGif zGifhvSpfavh&Sdonfh MK Fashion Shop, Giordano

uJhokdY emrnfBuD;qkdifrsm;tygt0if qkdifcef;aygif; 50 ukd 2003 ckESpf ZGefvykdif;uyif iSm;&rf;NyD;NyDjzpfaMumif;? r*Fvmtcrf;tem;ESifh tjcm; tcrf;tem;rsm;ukdygiSm;&rf;Ekdif&eftwGuf Wedding Mall cef;rwpfckukdyg rGrf;rHjyifqifaeaMumif;a':0g0gu qkdonf/

Excel Tower wnf&Sdaomae&monf &efukefNrKdUawmf\ ,mOfaMumydwfqkdYrItrsm;qkH; ae&mrsm;teuf wpfckjzpfonfhtwGuf trsm;jynfolESifh oufqkdifaom txyfjrifhtaqmufttkH aqmufvkyfolrsm;taejzifh tem*wfwGif ,ckxufykdrkdzGHUNzKd;vmrnfh NrKdUjyt*Fg&yfrsm;ESifhavsmfnDatmif pepfwus wGufcsuf NyD;rSomaqmufvkyfoifhaMumif; NrKdUjyqkdif&m avhvmolrsm;u okH;oyfMuonf/

Excel Tower okdY vma&mufolrsm;twGuf um;&yfem;rI tqifajyap&efyGifhopfp pm;aomufqkdifESifh ae&mvJí um;&yfem;&ef ae&mwkd;csJUoGm;rnf jzpfaMumif;ESifh vmrnfh Mo*kwfv 24 &ufaeYwGif Excel Treasure Shopping Center \yxrqkH;aps;yGJawmfukd usif;yoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; ¤if;u xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/

obm0a&iefykpGefuefarG;jrLa&;vkyfukdifol rsm;jym;

bkduav;? Mo*kwf 6bkduav;? Mo*kwf 6bkduav;? Mo*kwf 6bkduav;? Mo*kwf 6bkduav;? Mo*kwf 6

{&m0wDwkdif;twGif;&S d trmNrKdUe,fa'ocGJwGif yifv,f'Da&awmrsm;ukd wmwrHuefrsm; qnfzkdYNyD;obm0a&iefykpGefOESifh taumifaygufi,frsm;ygonfh yifv,f'Da&rsm;ukdwmwrHuefrsm;twGif;oGif;í arG;jrL&aom obm0a&iefykpGef arG;jrLonfhvkyfief;onf t&if;tESD; tukeftusenf;yg;NyD; tusKd;tjrwf&SdMuojzifhvkyfukdifol rsm;jym;vmaMumif; obm0ykpGefuef 300 cefY arG;jrLxm;olwpfOD;u Living Color okdY ZlvkdifvaESmif;ykdif;wGif ajymMum;cJhonf/

obm0a&iefykpGefarG;jrLa&;vkyfief;rsm;ukd ,if;a'oü vGefcJhaomav;ig;ESpf0ef;usifrS pwif arG;jrLMuaMumif;? obm0a&iefykpGefuefrsm;onfykpGefom;avmif;rsm;ukd tpm? aq;0g;rsm; okH;pGJp&m rvkdtyfbJ obm0yifv,fa&iefukdom ykHrSeftm;jzifh vJvS,fay;&aMumif;ESifh obm0uefonf &if;ESD;jr§KyfESH&rIp&dwf enf;yg;onfhtwGuf,cktcg ykpGefuefarG;jrLol wpfESpfxufwpfESpf rsm;jym;vmNyD; uefta&twGuf wkd;yGm;vmonf[k qkdonf/obm0ykpGefuefrS usm;ykpGef? ykpGefjzL(NrD;eD)ESifh jrufykpGef okH;rsKd;ukd t"du&&SdaMumif; vuf&Sdaps;EIef;rSm wpfydómvQif usm;ykpGef 7500 usyf? ykpGefjzL(NrD;eD) 3500 usyfESifh jrufykpGef 900usyfEIef;om&SdaMumif; txufygykpGefvkyfief;&Sifu xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/

ppfawGü &efukef ukefpnf aps;EIef;ajymif;vJppfawG? Mo*kwf 7ppfawG? Mo*kwf 7ppfawG? Mo*kwf 7ppfawG? Mo*kwf 7ppfawG? Mo*kwf 7

arv 19 &ufaeYu BuKHawGUcJh&aom obm0tajymif;tvJrsm;aMumifhqdyfurf;rsm; qkdufuyfí r&onfhtjyif ZlvkdifvtwGif; rkd;&GmoGef;rI rsm;jym;ía&vrf;o,f,lykdYaqmifa&;tpm; ukef;vrf;ykdYaqmifa&; tm;jyK&rIaMumifh &efukefNrKdUrS ykHrSefwifykdYaeaom ukefpnftcsKdUü aps;EIef;tajymif;tvJrsm; jzpfay:ae aMumif;a'ocH pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u Mo*kwfv yxrywfwGif ajymMum; onf/&efukef-awmifukwfum;vrf;ukdom tokH;jyKae&ojzifh aomufa&oefY uJhokdYukefpnfrsm;yif wpfykvif; usyf 50 cefY tukeftuscH o,f,l&aMumif; ¤if;uqkdonf/ &efukefrS ukefpnfrsm;tm; w&m;0ifukd,fpm;vS,f &,lxm;ol rsm;rSmaps;EIef;rsm;pGm jrifhwufjcif;r&Sd&ef xkwfvkyfolESifh n§dEIdif;vsuf&SdNyD; tcsdef ukdufa&wkdaqmif&GufoltcsKdUrSm vufOD;rI&,lí tjrwftpGef; rsm;jym;aMumif; ¤if;uxyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/


wpfurÇmvkH;twkdif;twmjzifhwGifus,fpGm tokH;jyKvsuf&Sdaom tar&duefa':vmrsm;ukd twkjyKvkyfjcif;rSwm;qD;umuG,f&ef &nf&G,fí a':vm50 wef aiGpuúLykHpHopftm; txl;vkHNcKHa&;trSwftom;rsm;jzifh ,ckESpfpufwifbmvaESmif;ykdif; okdYr[kwfatmufwkdbmvqef;wGif xkwfa0oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; &efukefNrKdUawmf&Sd tar&duef jyefMum;a&;XmerS {NyDv 26&ufaeYwGif w&m;0ifowif;xkwfjyefcJh

onf/tqkdygaiGpuúLopfxkwfa0jcif;

aMumifh ykHpHa[mif;a':vmaiGrsm;\wefzkd; avsmhusoGm;rnfr[kwfaMumif;vnf; ,if;xkwfjyefcsufwGif azmfjyyg&Sdonf/ a':vm 100 wef aiGpuúLopftm;vnf; qufvufxkwfa0oGm;&ef&SdNyD; 5 a':vmESifh 10 a':vmwefaiGpuúLyk HpHopfrsm; a&;qGJa&;ESif hywfoufí pOf;pm;aeMuqJjzpfaMumif;xkwfjyefcsufwGif a&;om;xm;onf/

txl;vkHNcKHa&;trSwftom;rsm; yg0ifonfUtar&duefa':vm 50 wef aiGpuúLopf xkwfa0rnf

&efukef? ZGef 29&efukef? ZGef 29&efukef? ZGef 29&efukef? ZGef 29&efukef? ZGef 29

aiG&wktxdrf;trSwf csif;wGif;a&Munfa&aq;yef;csDjyyGJ Mo*kwfv 2 &ufwGif usif;y


a&aq;yef;csDum;rsm;ukdom oD;oefYa&;qGJum ESpfpOf ykHrSefjyoavh&SdonfhrkH&GmNrKdUrS yef;csDq&mrsm;\ aiG&wktxdrf;trSwf csif;wGif;a&Munf yef;csDjyyGJwpf&yfukd 2004 ckESpf Mo*kwfv 2 &ufaeYwGif &efukefNrKdU AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;aps;ta&SUbufwef;? jrefrmEkdifiH ½kd;&myef;ynm&Sifrsm;tpnf;t½kH; (A[kd)jycef;üusif;yrnfjzpfaMumif; rkH&GmrSvmaom owif;wpf&yfu qkdonf/ ykHrSefusif;yavh&Sdonfh csif;wGif;a&Munf a&aq;yef;csDjyyGJwGif wpfBudrfjyvQif um; 100 cefYrS176 um;txd jyocJhzl;NyD; jyo&mwGifvnf; yef;csDq&m 14 OD;rS 18 OD;txd pkaygif;yg0ifaMumif; ,if;owif;u qkdonf/ ,ck tqkdyg FEC 40 rS 100 txdaps;EIef;owfrSwfxm;onfh yef;csDum;rsm; yg0ifjyornfh aiG&wkjyyGJ (1979-2004)wGifvnf; tqkdygyef;csDq&m 19 OD;cefY\ um;aygif; wpf&mcefY jyornfjzpfonfhtjyif xl;jcm;onfhtcsufrSm t&G,ftpm;BuD;aom yef;csDum;rsm;ukdyga&;qGJvmMujcif;jzpfonf[k rkH&GmNrKdUcHwpfOD;u Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/,ciftBudrfrsm;u yg0ifjycJholrsm;tjyif yef;csDoifwef;qif; ,Ofaus;rIwuúokdvfbGJU&rsm;? ynma&;avmu q&mrsm;? ygarmu©rsm;? 0goemjzifh jyifywGif avhusifhatmifjrifvmMuolrsm; pojzifh vlopfrsm;vnf; wkd;vmaMumif; tqkdyga'ocHxHrS od&onf/ csif;wGif;a&Munfyef;csDjyyGJrsm;ukd 1979? 1980? 1982? 1984?1986? 1987? 1999? 2001? 2004 txd ukd;Budrf jycJhNyD;jzpfonf/

urÇmausmfrsufvSnfUynm&SifajzazsmfrIjyKvkyf


urÇmausmfxdyfoD;rsufvSnfhynm

&Sifrsm;jzpfonfh David Copperfield ?

Siegfreid & Roy wkdYuJhokdY tem*wfwGif

tvm;tvmt&S dqk H ; i,f& G,fol

rsufvSnfhynm&Sifqkjzpfonfh Mibaurn

Christopler Award qkESifh *kPfxl;

aqmifqkwpfckjzpfonfh tjynfjynf

qkdif&mpifjrifh rsufvSnfhNyKdifyGJqk (The

Lance Burton Award) ukdyg qGwf cl;cJhol

rsufvSnfhynm&Sif Mr. Adrian Van

Vactor onf &efukefNrKdU uefawmf

BuD;yJavhpf[kdw,fü Zlvkdifv 1 &ufaeY

u azsmfajzrIwpf&yf jyKvkyfcJhonf/

topfxGuf&Sdvmrnfh a':vm 50wef aiGpuúLonf 2004 ckESpf aiGpuúLtpDtpOfopfü 'kwd,ajrmufxkwfa0jcif;jzpfNyD; 2003 ckESpf Mo*kwfvwGif a':vm 20 wef aiGpuúLopfukd yxrtBudrf xkwfa0cJhaMumif;xkwfjyefcsufu qkdonf/

vkHNcKHa&;trSwftom;rsm;jzpfonfha&pm? aiGpuúLBuKd;ESifh ta&mifajymif;rifwkdYyg0ifaom tqkdygaiGpuúLopf\aemufcHta&mifrSm tjymESifhteD azsmhazsmh ta&mifrsm;jzpfNyD; tar&duefEkdifiHtvHESif h rufw,fvpftjyma&mifuJaom aiGa&mifMu,fyGifhi,fwpfckvnf; yg0ifrnfjzpfonf[k ,if;owif;wGif azmfjyxm;onf/


jrefrmEkdifiH\ c&D;oGm;vkyfief;obm0&if;jrpfrsm; rysufpD;r,kd,Gif;ao;[kqkd


tqkdygtcrf;tem;wGif Adrian

u jrefrm{nfhy&dowftm; ¤if;\

xl;jcm;onfh rsufvSnfhynm&yfrsm;jzifh

azsmfajzjycJhNyD; avxJrS ykdufqH&,ljcif;

jyuGufwGif vma&mufMunfh½Ionfh

tpkd;&t&m&SdBuD;wpfOD;ESifh {nfhcHyGJvm

y&dowfrsm;xHrS aiGaMu;rsm; &,ljycJh

onf/

ruúqDukd ZmwdzGm;rsufvSnfhynm

&Sif Adrian onf tar&duefEkdifiHwpfcGif

ESifh EkdifiHaygif; 18 EkdifiHausmfokdY vSnfh

vnfcJhNyD; rMumao;cifu *smreDEkdifiHü

usif;yonfh World's Fair in Hanover

Germany yGJwGif azsmfajzcJhonf[k od&

onf/

uefawmfBuD;yJavhpf[kdw,fü

usif;ycJhaom Adrian Van Vactor \

azsmfajzyGJukd Myanmar Campus Cru-

sade for Christ rS OD;aqmifpDpOfcJhNyD;

uefawmfBuD;yJavhpf[kdw,f? Talents &

Model at*sifpDESifh Sandy Floral &

Myanmar Cuisine wkdYrS yl;aygif;yhhhHykd;cJh

Muonf/

jrefrmEkdifiH\ c&D;oGm;vkyfief;

e,fy,ftwGuf tajccHusaom obm0

t&if;tjrpfrsm;rSm rysufpD;r,kd,Gif;

ao;bJ aumif;rGefpGm usef&SdaeaMumif;

ESifh xkdif;EkdifiH c&D;oGm;vkyfief;e,fy,f

wGifrl pepfwusjyKjyifxdef;odrf;jcif;

r&SdbJ Marketing ukd t&Sdeft[kefjr§ifh

aqmif&GufcJhojzifh ,cktcg ,Ofaus;rI

omru obm0ywf0ef;usifyg ysufpD;

,kd,Gif;pjyKaeNyDjzpfaMumif; xkdif;EkdifiH

tajcpkduf Foundation For International

Human Resource Development rS

twGif;a&;rSL; Dr.Chira Hongladarom

u Zlvkdifv 21 &ufaeYu ajymMum;

onf/

jrefrmESifh xkdif; ESpfEkdifiH c&D;oGm;

vkyfief;rsm; yl;wGJjr§ifhwif&efESifh em;

vnfrI tajccHaumif;rsm; &&Sdap&ef

&nf&G,fvsuf Foundation For Inter-

national Human Resource Develop-

ment tzGJUtpnf;u BuD;rSL;pDpOfonfh

Learning Forum on ]Tourism, Global-

ization and Sufficiency Economy

Theory in Myanmar} trnf&Sd aqG;aEG;

yGJwpf&yfukd Zlvkdifv 21 &ufrS 23 &uf

aeYtxd &efukefNrKdU qD'kd;em;[kdw,fü

usif;ycJh&m ¤if;u Impact of Global-

ization on Myanmar People

acgif;pOfjzifh aqG;aEG;ajymMum;&if;

txufygtwkdif; xnfhoGif;ajymMum;

cJhjcif; jzpfonf/

tqkdyg Forum wGif jrefrmEkdifiHü

Globalization ESifhywfoufí ouf

a&mufrIrsm;ESifh jzpfay:ajymif;vJrIrsm;?

xkdif;EkdifiH c&D;oGm;vkyfief;rsm;&Sd vl

om;t&if;tjrpfrsm;\tcef;u@

xkdif;EkdifiH c&D;oGm;vkyfief;rsm;\ &if;

ESD;jr§KyfESHrIESifh tawGUtBuKHrsm;? jrefrm

EkdifiH\ vuf&Sdaqmif&Gufaeaom c&D;

oGm;vkyfief;pDrHcefYcGJrI? obm0wf0ef;

usifxdef;odrf;a&;ESifh xkdif;-jrefrm ESpf

EkdifiH c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ESifh vlom;t&if;

tjrpf (H.R) zGHUNzKd;a&;twGuf yl;

aygif;aqmif&GufrnfhtpDtpOfrsm; p

onfwkdYtm;xkdif;EkdifiH c&D;oGm;vkyfief;

qkdif&m wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH

bufrS [kdw,fESifh c&D;oGm;vma&;

vkyfief; 0efBuD;XmeESifh jrefrmEkdifiH

c&D;oGm;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;wkdYrS

wm0ef&Sdolrsm;u aqG;aEG;zvS,fcJhMu

onf/

,if; Forum okdY xkdif;EkdifiHrS c&D;

oGm;vkyfief;qkdif&m wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh

ynm&Sifpkpkaygif; 19 OD; wufa&mufcJh

MuNyD; jrefrmEkdifiHbufrS [kdw,fESifh

c&D;oGm;vma&;vkyfief;0efBuD;Xme?

jrefrmEkdifiH c&D;oGm;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;

toif;? jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiH ukef

onfrsm;ESifh pufrIvufrIvkyfief;&Sifrsm;

toif;csKyf? jrefrmEkdifiHqkdif&m xkdif;

EkdifiHoH½kH;ESifh &efukefwuúokdvfwkdYrS

wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh ynm&Sifrsm; wuf

a&mufcJhMuonf/

jrefrmEkdifiH\ pD;yGm;a&;zGHUNzKd;

wkd;wufrItwGuf c&D;oGm;vkyfief;u@

onf ta&;ygaomu@rS yg0ifae

aMumif;ESifh pepfwus BuKdwifjyifqif

xm;jcif;r&SdbJ c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ukd

raqmif&GufoifhaMumif; tqkdyg Forum

okdY wufa&mufcJhol &efukefwuúokdvf

jrefrmpmXmerS ygarmu©a':cifaqGjrifh

u Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/


yef;csDum;rsm;0,f,l&mü uRrf;usifolrsm;ESifU wkdifyifoifU &efukef? Mo*kwf 9 &efukef? Mo*kwf 9 &efukef? Mo*kwf 9 &efukef? Mo*kwf 9 &efukef? Mo*kwf 9 OD;jrifhpkd; OD;jrifhpkd; OD;jrifhpkd; OD;jrifhpkd; OD;jrifhpkd;

yef;csDum; 0,f,lpkaqmif;olrsm;taejzifh yef;csDum;rsm; a&G;cs,f0,f,l&mü uRrf;usifolynm&Sifrsm;ESifh aocsmpGmn§dEIdif;tBuHÓPf&,lNyD;rS 0,f,loifhaMumif; Summit Art Collection rS yef;csDq&mOD;jrifhpkd;u Living Color okdY ajym Mum;onf/&efukefNrKdU Hotel Nikko Royal Lake Yangon ESifh Summit Art Collection wkdY yl;aygif;pDpOfrIjzifh tqkdyg [kdw,fü Mo*kwfv9 &ufrS 22 &ufaeYtxd cif;usif;jyoonfh Nikko Inspiration, Art Moment-3 yef;csDjyyGJwGif ¤if;u ajymMum;jcif; jzpfonf/yef;csDum;0,f,lolrsm;rSm rdrdwkdY aetdrfrsm;omru ukrÜPD½kH;cef;? [kdw,f? pm;aomufcef;r ponfwkdYü tvStytjzpfwefqmqifcsdwfqGJ&ef 0,f,lvmMuaMumif;? trsm;pkrSm yef;csDum;\ aps;EIef;ESifh tvStyukdom MunfhwwfMuaMumif;?yef;csDum;wpfcsyf\ tEkynmwefzkd;ESifh rnfonfhae&mü rnfuJhokdYaom um;csyfrsKd; csdwfqGJoifhonfukd od&Sdolenf;yg;aeao;aMumif;? yef;csDum;0,f,lvkdolrsm;omru yef;csDjyyGJcif;usif;jyovkdolrsm;yg yef;csDum;rsm; a&G;cs,f&müuRrf;usifonfh yef;csDynm&Sifrsm;ESifhwkdifyifNyD;rS aqmif&GufoifhaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/ tqkdygyef;csDjyyGJü yef;csDq&m 10OD;\ qDaq;? a&aq;ESifh Acrylic trsKd;tpm;yef;csDum;pkpkaygif; 43 um;ukd cif;usif;jyocJhonf/

ukd,fUtm;ukd,fukd; pmMunfUwkdufrsm;twGuf oufqkdif&mtmPmykdifwkdh\ yUHykd;rIvkdtyf&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31&efukef? Zlvkdif 31

aus;vufa'orsm;wGif jyefMum;a&;ESifhjynfolYqufqHa&;OD;pD;XmerS wnfaxmifvsuf&Sdaom ukd,fhtm;ukd,fukd;pmMunfhwkdufrsm;twGuf a'oqkdif&mtmPmykdiftzGJUtpnf;ESifh pmtkyfvSL'gef;rIrsm; t"duvkdtyfvsuf&SdaMumif; jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;Xme jyefMum;a&;ESifhjynfolYqufqHa&;OD;pD;Xme 'kwd,nTefMum;a&;rSL; OD;wifha0u Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/

jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;XmerS e,fvSnfhpmMunfhwkdufrsm; jyKvkyfí pmtkyfxkyfrsm;ukd bkef;BuD;ausmif;rsm;wGif tyfESHíaus;&Gmvlxkukd zwf½IapcJhaomfvnf; v,fvkyfief;cGif&moDrsm;wGif xm;cJhaompmtkyfxkyfukdyif azmufrMunfhonfh jzpf&yfrsm;&SdaMumif;? xkdYaMumifh aus;&Gmukd,fykdifpmMunfhwkdufrsm; zefwD;ay;&jcif;jzpfaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/ jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;XmerSaus;vufpmMunfhwkdufwpfckvQif pmtkyf 50 pD yHhykd;ay;NyD; a&&SnfwnfwHhEkdifa&;twGuf vkdtyfaomnGTefMum;rIrsm; yHhykd;ay;onf[k OD;wifha0u &Sif;jyonf/ jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;XmerS aus;&GmpmMunfhwkdufrsm; xlaxmifay;jcif;onf ynmay;vkyfief;oufoufjzpfNyD; okwESifh&oygaom pmtkyfrsm;ukd aus;vufvlxktm; jzefYcsday;&mwGif &oygaom*sme,frsm;ukdaus;vufvlxku txl;pdwf0ifpm;onf[k ¤if;u qkdonf/ jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;Xme jyefMum;a&;ESifhjynfolYqufqHa&;OD;pD;XmevufatmufwGif c½kdifpmMunfhwkduf 61 ck? NrKdUe,fpmMunfhwkduf 249 ckESifh e,fpyfa'ookH;NrKdUe,fcGJ pmMunfhwkduf63 ck&SdaMumif; 2004 ckESpf ZGefvtxd jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;Xme\ rSwfwrf;rsm;t& od&Sd&onf/

2004 ckESpf ZGefvxkwf Living Color r*¾Zif;trSwf (108)? pmrsufESm(13) &Sd ]RV Management Services

Co., Ltd. \ oifwef;qif;rsm; pifumylwGifynma&;xl;cRefqkrsm;&&Sd}owif; wwd, ykd'fyg ]csrf;&J0if;}tpm;]Nidrf;csrf;0if;}[kvnf;aumif;? ],ckESpfwGif 0if;EkEk0if;} tpm; ]2002 ckESpfwGif 0if;EkEk0if;}[kvnf;aumif;? pmrsufESm

14(12) wGif yg0ifaom ]jrefrmwkdif;(rf)*sme,f ½kH;cef;ajymif;rnf}owif;acgif;pOf atmuf&Sd ]Akdvfatmifausmfvrf;&Sd jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;XmeykdifESpfxyftaqmufttkHokdY} pmom;tpm; ]jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;Xme? ykHESdyfa&;ESifh pmtkyfxkwfa0a&;ykdif trSwf-338^337? tay:xyfESifhatmufxyfAkdvfatmifausmfvrf;okdY}[kvnf;aumif;? ¤if;*sme,frSm ]*syefEkdifiHtajcpkdufqmqmum0gazmifa';&Sif;rS aiGaMu;axmufyHhrI &,lxm;aMumif;}pmom;tpm; ]qmqm um0gazmifa';&Sif;rS pme,fZif;oifwef;twGufukdom axmufyHhrI&,lxm;aMumif;}[kvnf;aumif;? trSwf(109)?pmrsufESm 18(1) &Sd ]urÇmhAk'bmom nDvmcHukd,fpm;vS,frsm;twGuf Shopping Mall oD;oefYzGifhvSpf&efpDpOf} owif; 'kwd,ykd'fwGifazmfjyxm;aom ]*syefbkef;awmfBuD; 1800}tpm; ]*syefbkef;awmfBuD;? 'um'umrrsm;? ½kH;tzGJU0if 1500 ESifh useftzGJU0ifrsm;} [kvnf;aumif;?]Apes} ukrÜPDtpm; ]Apex} ukrÜPD[kvnf;aumif; jyifqifzwf½Iyg&ef/

jyifqifcsuf

aqmufvkyfNyD; tjrefa&,mOfwpfpD;aqmufvkyfNyD; tjrefa&,mOfwpfpD;aqmufvkyfNyD; tjrefa&,mOfwpfpD;aqmufvkyfNyD; tjrefa&,mOfwpfpD;aqmufvkyfNyD; tjrefa&,mOfwpfpD;

*syefa&,mOfwnfaqmufrIenf;ynmygarmu©rsm;ukd,fwkdif vma&mufoifMum;

auckdifausmfauckdifausmfauckdifausmfauckdifausmfauckdifausmf4-8-2004

a&,mOfwnfaqmufrI enf;ynmvTJajymif;rI tpDtpOft& *syefEkdifiHrSa&,mOfwnfaqmufrI enf;ynmvTJajymif;rI tpDtpOft& *syefEkdifiHrSa&,mOfwnfaqmufrI enf;ynmvTJajymif;rI tpDtpOft& *syefEkdifiHrSa&,mOfwnfaqmufrI enf;ynmvTJajymif;rI tpDtpOft& *syefEkdifiHrSa&,mOfwnfaqmufrI enf;ynmvTJajymif;rI tpDtpOft& *syefEkdifiHrSenf;ynmrsm;ukd jrefrmEkdifiHokdY vTJajymif;ay;a&; tpDtpOfjzifh jrefrmEkdifiHenf;ynmrsm;ukd jrefrmEkdifiHokdY vTJajymif;ay;a&; tpDtpOfjzifh jrefrmEkdifiHenf;ynmrsm;ukd jrefrmEkdifiHokdY vTJajymif;ay;a&; tpDtpOfjzifh jrefrmEkdifiHenf;ynmrsm;ukd jrefrmEkdifiHokdY vTJajymif;ay;a&; tpDtpOfjzifh jrefrmEkdifiHenf;ynmrsm;ukd jrefrmEkdifiHokdY vTJajymif;ay;a&; tpDtpOfjzifh jrefrmEkdifiHa&aMumif;ynmwuúokdvfESifh a&aMumif;ynmwuúokdvfESifh a&aMumif;ynmwuúokdvfESifh a&aMumif;ynmwuúokdvfESifh a&aMumif;ynmwuúokdvfESifh Silver Wave Trading Ltd. tusKd;wl yl;aygif;tusKd;wl yl;aygif;tusKd;wl yl;aygif;tusKd;wl yl;aygif;tusKd;wl yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufvsuf aqmif&Gufvsuf aqmif&Gufvsuf aqmif&Gufvsuf aqmif&Gufvsuf FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic) tjrefa&,mOfrsm;tjrefa&,mOfrsm;tjrefa&,mOfrsm;tjrefa&,mOfrsm;tjrefa&,mOfrsm;wnfaqmufrIukd *syefygarmu©rsm;\ tcrJhoifMum;rIESifh wpfNyKdifeufwnfaqmufrIukd *syefygarmu©rsm;\ tcrJhoifMum;rIESifh wpfNyKdifeufwnfaqmufrIukd *syefygarmu©rsm;\ tcrJhoifMum;rIESifh wpfNyKdifeufwnfaqmufrIukd *syefygarmu©rsm;\ tcrJhoifMum;rIESifh wpfNyKdifeufwnfaqmufrIukd *syefygarmu©rsm;\ tcrJhoifMum;rIESifh wpfNyKdifeufaaaaaqmif&Gufvsuf&SdaMumif; qmif&Gufvsuf&SdaMumif; qmif&Gufvsuf&SdaMumif; qmif&Gufvsuf&SdaMumif; qmif&Gufvsuf&SdaMumif; Silver Wave Trading Ltd. rS rS rS rS rS Managing Director

OD;OD;OD;OD;OD;rif;rif;atmifu Mo*kwfv 4 &ufaeYwGif rif;rif;atmifu Mo*kwfv 4 &ufaeYwGif rif;rif;atmifu Mo*kwfv 4 &ufaeYwGif rif;rif;atmifu Mo*kwfv 4 &ufaeYwGif rif;rif;atmifu Mo*kwfv 4 &ufaeYwGif Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/

a&aMumif;ynmwuúokdvfonfa&aMumif;ynm wkd;wufzGHUNzKd;ap&efwnfaxmifcJhaom ausmif;wpfausmif;jzpfaomaMumifh ausmif;uxGufaomausmif;om;rsm;rSm jynfwGif;jynfywGifxl;cRefwwfajrmufaom ausmif;om;rsm; xGufay:vm&ef Silver Wave Trad-

ing Ltd. ok d Y jynfwGi f ; jynfyr SrSm,lrIrsm;ukd jrefrmEkdifiH a&aMumif;ynmwuúokdvf0if;twGif; wnfaqmufaejcif;jzifh ausmif;om;rsm; vufawGU

enf;ynmrsm;ukd tvG,fwul &&SdEkdifaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

ausmif;om;rsm; vufawGUoif,lEkdif&eftwGuf ay 20 &Sd FRP Boat

ukd yl;wGJwnfaqmufNyD; 2002 ckESpfpufwifbmvwGif a&aMumif;ynmwuúokdvfokdY ynma&;aumfrwDrSwpfqifh vSL'gef;cJhaMumif;? jrefrma&aMumif;ynmwuúokdvfESifh Silver Wave Trad-

ing Ltd. wkdY yl;wGJwnfaqmufNyD; 2004ckESpf azazmf0g&Dv 5 &ufrS 8 &uftxd

owif;aqmif;yg;þu@wGif......þu@wGif......þu@wGif......þu@wGif......þu@wGif......

2626262626 *syefa&,mOfwnfaqmufrI enf;*syefa&,mOfwnfaqmufrI enf;*syefa&,mOfwnfaqmufrI enf;*syefa&,mOfwnfaqmufrI enf;*syefa&,mOfwnfaqmufrI enf;ynm ygarmuynm ygarmuynm ygarmuynm ygarmuynm ygarmu©rsm;uk d,fwk di f©rsm;uk d,fwk di f©rsm;uk d,fwk di f©rsm;uk d,fwk di f©rsm;uk d,fwk di fvma&mufoifMum;vma&mufoifMum;vma&mufoifMum;vma&mufoifMum;vma&mufoifMum;

2727272727 wd&pämef w&m;r0if topfjyefwd&pämef w&m;r0if topfjyefwd&pämef w&m;r0if topfjyefwd&pämef w&m;r0if topfjyefwd&pämef w&m;r0if topfjyefjznfh arG;jrLolrsm;tm; ta&;,ljznfh arG;jrLolrsm;tm; ta&;,ljznfh arG;jrLolrsm;tm; ta&;,ljznfh arG;jrLolrsm;tm; ta&;,ljznfh arG;jrLolrsm;tm; ta&;,lrnfrnfrnfrnfrnf

2929292929 MuufoGefeDtxGufEIef; usqif;MuufoGefeDtxGufEIef; usqif;MuufoGefeDtxGufEIef; usqif;MuufoGefeDtxGufEIef; usqif;MuufoGefeDtxGufEIef; usqif;zG,f&SdzG,f&SdzG,f&SdzG,f&SdzG,f&Sd

3030303030 c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmc&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmc&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmc&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmc&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmoifwef; t&nftaoG;ESifh tvkyfoifwef; t&nftaoG;ESifh tvkyfoifwef; t&nftaoG;ESifh tvkyfoifwef; t&nftaoG;ESifh tvkyfoifwef; t&nftaoG;ESifh tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf; pepfwustukdiftcGifhtvrf; pepfwustukdiftcGifhtvrf; pepfwustukdiftcGifhtvrf; pepfwustukdiftcGifhtvrf; pepfwuspDpOfxm;ygpDpOfxm;ygpDpOfxm;ygpDpOfxm;ygpDpOfxm;yguuuuupdwf0ifpm;olrsm;pdwf0ifpm;olrsm;pdwf0ifpm;olrsm;pdwf0ifpm;olrsm;pdwf0ifpm;olrsm;EkdifEkdifEkdifEkdifEkdif

3232323232 jynfwGif;&S d yk*¾vdu oabFmjynfwGif;&S d yk*¾vdu oabFmjynfwGif;&S d yk*¾vdu oabFmjynfwGif;&S d yk*¾vdu oabFmjynfwGif;&S d yk*¾vdu oabFmukd,fpm;vS,frsm; tmrcHcsufukd,fpm;vS,frsm; tmrcHcsufukd,fpm;vS,frsm; tmrcHcsufukd,fpm;vS,frsm; tmrcHcsufukd,fpm;vS,frsm; tmrcHcsufray;Ekdifí yifv,ful;oabFmray;Ekdifí yifv,ful;oabFmray;Ekdifí yifv,ful;oabFmray;Ekdifí yifv,ful;oabFmray;Ekdifí yifv,ful;oabFmom;tcsKdU jyefvnfa&muf&Sdom;tcsKdU jyefvnfa&muf&Sdom;tcsKdU jyefvnfa&muf&Sdom;tcsKdU jyefvnfa&muf&Sdom;tcsKdU jyefvnfa&muf&Sd

3333333333 jrefrmEkdifwGif jrefrmEkdifwGif jrefrmEkdifwGif jrefrmEkdifwGif jrefrmEkdifwGif HIV/AIDS ukoukoukoukoukoaq;0g;rsm; tcrJh jzefYcsdEkdif&efaq;0g;rsm; tcrJh jzefYcsdEkdif&efaq;0g;rsm; tcrJh jzefYcsdEkdif&efaq;0g;rsm; tcrJh jzefYcsdEkdif&efaq;0g;rsm; tcrJh jzefYcsdEkdif&efaq;ukrÜPDrsm;okdY aq;ukrÜPDrsm;okdY aq;ukrÜPDrsm;okdY aq;ukrÜPDrsm;okdY aq;ukrÜPDrsm;okdY WHO ESif hESif hESif hESif hESif hUNICEF wkdYrS urf;vSrf;wkdYrS urf;vSrf;wkdYrS urf;vSrf;wkdYrS urf;vSrf;wkdYrS urf;vSrf;

3535353535 opfawmt&nftaoG;ESifhopfawmt&nftaoG;ESifhopfawmt&nftaoG;ESifhopfawmt&nftaoG;ESifhopfawmt&nftaoG;ESifhrsKd;quf&SifoefrIonf iSufrsm;rsKd;quf&SifoefrIonf iSufrsm;rsKd;quf&SifoefrIonf iSufrsm;rsKd;quf&SifoefrIonf iSufrsm;rsKd;quf&SifoefrIonf iSufrsm;tay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef; wnfrSDtay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef; wnfrSDtay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef; wnfrSDtay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef; wnfrSDtay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef; wnfrSD

26. Living Colour. SEPTEMBER.2004

*syefEkdifiH wkdusKdNrKdUwGif usif;yaomInternational Boat Show wGif FRP

a&,mOfrsm; jyocJhjcif;jzifh *syefEkdifiHrSrSm,lrIrsm;ukdvnf; wkduf½kduf&&SdcJhaMumif;?jynfwGif;aps;uGufwGif 0efBuD;XmerSrSm,lrIrsm;ukdvnf; wnfaqmufvsuf&SdaMumif; OD;rif;rif;atmifu qkdonf/

]]jynfwGif;Xmeqkdif&mtwGuf 36ay&SdwJh vlpD;tjrefa&,mOf wnfaqmufaew,f/ tpD;a&awmh rowfrSwf&ao;bl;/ FRP a&,mOfawGu Xmeqkdif&mu tokH;jyKwmrsm;w,f/ yk*¾vduawGu 0,fNyD; b,frSmtokH;jyKrvJ?tJ'gaMumifh 0,f,lrIenf;w,f}}[kOD;rif;rif;atmifu jynfwGif;aps;uGuftaetxm;tm; &Sif;jyonf/

FRP a&,mOfrsm;rSm ruGJoa&GU?wkdufckdufrIr&Sdoa&GU ESpf 40 rS ESpf 50txd tokH;jyKEkdifaMumif;? vGefcJhaom2 ESpfcefYrSpwifí jynfwGif; urf;½kd;

wef;ESifh jrpfaMumif;oGm; vlpD;tjref,mOfrsm;ukd tpm;xkd;tokH;jyKvm&mvkd&mc&D;tm; tcsdefwkdwkdtwGif; tjrefa&muf&SdEkdifonfhtwGuf Xmeqkdif&mrsm;utokH;jyKí rSm,lMuaMumif;? *syefEkdifiH?xkdif;EkdifiH? rav;&Sm;EkdifiH? pifumylEkdifiHwkdYrS ukefMurf;rsm;ukd rSm,lcJhonfhtjyifjrefrmEkdifiHrS ukefMurf;rsm;ukdvnf;tokH;jyKaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

jrefrma&aMumif;ynmwuúokdvfwGif zkdifbmESifh ywfoufaom oifwef;rsm; oifMum;ykdYcsay;aom OD;bkdbkdatmifu jrefrmjynfwGif;vkyf oabFmrsm;ukd EkdifiHwumokdY wifykdYa&mif;csjcif;jzifh EkdifiHwumaps;uGufwGif emrnf&&SdapaMumif;? ,cktcsdefonf ,kHMunfrIwnfaqmufaeaom umvjzpfNyD;uRrf;usifrItm;enf;aeao;onfhtwGufjrefrmEkdifiHbufrS ynmoiftqifhrsm; tm;*syefEkdifiHrS ynm&Sifrsm; oifMum;

ykdYcsay;onfhtjyif yl;wGJwnfaqmuf&efpDpOfjcif;jzpfaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

aps;EIef;rSm EkdifiHwumaps;xuf 40&mck di fE Ief;rS 60 &mck di fE Ief;txdoufomaMumif;? jynfwGif;tvkyform;rsm;tjyif ukd&D;,m;EkdifiHESifh xkdif;EkdifiH wkdYrStvkyform;rsm;ukd ac:,lí jynfwGif;ütptqkH;wnfaqmufvsuf &SdaMumif;OD;bkdbkdatmifu qkdonf/

,ckvuf&Sd wnfaqmufvsuf&Sdaom *syefEkdifiHrS&&Sdonfh trSmpmrsm;tjyif jrefrmEkdifiHtwGif; &JwyfzGJUrSEkdifiHawmfvkHNcKHa&;ESifh 'kp½kdufESdrfeif;a&;twGuf 36 ay&Sd a&,mOfrsm;? urf;½kd;wef;ESifh jrpfaMumif;oGm; 75 ay&Sd vl100 pD; a&,mOfrsm;ukd wnfaqmufvsuf&SdaMumif;? FRP a&,mOfrsm;rSmvlBuKdufrsm;cJhjcif;aMumifh trSmpmrsm;&&SdaeaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

&Sm;yg;wd&pämefESifh opfcGrsm;tm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xkwfjyefxm;aom pnf;urf;ESifhtnD rSwfykHwif arG;jrL&Sm;yg;wd&pämefESifh opfcGrsm;tm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xkwfjyefxm;aom pnf;urf;ESifhtnD rSwfykHwif arG;jrL&Sm;yg;wd&pämefESifh opfcGrsm;tm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xkwfjyefxm;aom pnf;urf;ESifhtnD rSwfykHwif arG;jrL&Sm;yg;wd&pämefESifh opfcGrsm;tm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xkwfjyefxm;aom pnf;urf;ESifhtnD rSwfykHwif arG;jrL&Sm;yg;wd&pämefESifh opfcGrsm;tm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xkwfjyefxm;aom pnf;urf;ESifhtnD rSwfykHwif arG;jrLpkdufysKd; a&mif;0,fcGifhjyKxm;&mwGif vufwpfvkH;jcm;jyKvkyfoltcsKdUu w&m;r0ifa&mif;csum topfjyefjznfh arG;jrLrIrsm;pkdufysKd; a&mif;0,fcGifhjyKxm;&mwGif vufwpfvkH;jcm;jyKvkyfoltcsKdUu w&m;r0ifa&mif;csum topfjyefjznfh arG;jrLrIrsm;pkdufysKd; a&mif;0,fcGifhjyKxm;&mwGif vufwpfvkH;jcm;jyKvkyfoltcsKdUu w&m;r0ifa&mif;csum topfjyefjznfh arG;jrLrIrsm;pkdufysKd; a&mif;0,fcGifhjyKxm;&mwGif vufwpfvkH;jcm;jyKvkyfoltcsKdUu w&m;r0ifa&mif;csum topfjyefjznfh arG;jrLrIrsm;pkdufysKd; a&mif;0,fcGifhjyKxm;&mwGif vufwpfvkH;jcm;jyKvkyfoltcsKdUu w&m;r0ifa&mif;csum topfjyefjznfh arG;jrLrIrsm;&Sdaeojzifh xkdokdYaqmif&Gufolrsm;tm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xda&mufpGm ta&;,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdygXmerS&Sdaeojzifh xkdokdYaqmif&Gufolrsm;tm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xda&mufpGm ta&;,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdygXmerS&Sdaeojzifh xkdokdYaqmif&Gufolrsm;tm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xda&mufpGm ta&;,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdygXmerS&Sdaeojzifh xkdokdYaqmif&Gufolrsm;tm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xda&mufpGm ta&;,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdygXmerS&Sdaeojzifh xkdokdYaqmif&Gufolrsm;tm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS xda&mufpGm ta&;,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdygXmerSwm0ef&SdolwpfOD;\ tqkdt& od&onf/wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;\ tqkdt& od&onf/wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;\ tqkdt& od&onf/wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;\ tqkdt& od&onf/wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;\ tqkdt& od&onf/

wd&pämef w&m;r0if topfjyefjznfUarG;jrLolrsm;tm; ta&;,lrnfausmfrsKd;nGefYausmfrsKd;nGefYausmfrsKd;nGefYausmfrsKd;nGefYausmfrsKd;nGefY7-8-2004

awm½kdif;wd&pämefrsm;tm; pD;yGm;a&;tvkdYiSm arG;jrLEk difaomfvnf;opfawmOD;pD;Xmeu w&m;0ifxkwfjyefxm;onfh enf;Oya' 33? enf;Oya'cGJ(*)t& arG;jrLcGifh (okdYr[kwf) wpfenf;enf;jzifh vTJajymif;cGifh &&Sdolonfoufqkdif&mNrKdUe,f&Sd opfawmOD;pD;XmewGif rSwfykHwifjcif;ukd aqmif&Gufxm;&rnfjzpfonf/ pD;yGm;a&;tvkdYiSm arG;jrL

cGifh &&Sdxm;aom awm½kdif;wd&pämefrsm;rSaygufyGm;vmonfh taumifta&twGufukd pepfwus rSwfwrf;rsm;xm;&SdNyD;oufqkdif&mc½kdifOD;pD;XmeokdY vpOf pm&if;ay;ykdY&rnf jzpfonf/ xkdYjyif ueOD;zrf;qD;arG;jrLxm;onfh awm½kdif;wd&pämefrsm;ukd vTJajymif;jcif;rjyK&bJ opfawmOD;pD;XmerS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;\ ppfaq;jcif;ukd cH,l&rnfjzpfonf/

,cktcgwGif &Sm;yg;wd&pämefrsm;?&Sm;yg;opfcGrsm;tm; &Sifoefaygufa&muf&m ae&ma'orsm;&Sd a'ocHtcsKdUupm;0wfaea&; rjzpfrae vkdtyfcsufaMumifh opfcGrsKd;pdwfwkdY\ &Sm;yg;wefzkd;ukd rodbJ ydómcsdefESifh tajrmuftjrm; a&mif;csEkdif&eftwGuf opfcGyiftjrpfttkHvkduf cGm,la&mif;csMuonfhtjyif tyifjrifhBuD;rsm;\ tukdif;

2004. SEPTEMBER. Living Colour. 27

xdyf&Sd opfcGyifrsm;ukd cGm,l&eftwGufopfyifrsm;ukdyg ckwfvSJMuNyD; w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHokdY wifykdYa&mif;csaeMuaMumif; 7 Day News Journal ygwifatmifausmf\ owif;wpfyk'füazmfjyxm;onf/

&efukefrS yJcl;okdY oGm;&mvrf;wpfavQmufwGifvnf; &Sm;yg;awm½kdif;wd&pämefrsm;ESifh ,rumrsKd;pkH wGJzufa&mif;csonfhqkdifrsm; wjznf;jznf;wkd;yGm;vmvsuf &Sdonf/ 2003 ckESpfESpfqef;ykdif;üvnf; &efukefNrKdUawmf&Sdpm;aomufqkdifwpfqkdiftm; opfawmOD;pD;XmerS Oya'jzifh umuG,fxm;onfh

&e fuke fr S y Jc l ;o k d h oGm;&mvrf ;wpfavQmufwGi fvnf; & Sm ;y g ;awm½ k di f ;wd&p äme frsm;E Si f U ,rumrs K d ;p k H wG Jzufa&mi f ;csonf Uqk di fr sm; wjznf; jznf;wk d;yGm;vmvsuf &S donf/ 2003 ckESpf ESpfqef;yk di f;üvnf; &efukefNrK d Y awmf&S dpm;aomufqk di fwpfqk di ftm; opfawmOD;p D ;XmerS Oya'jzi f U umuG,fxm;on f U w d &p ä m e ftc s K d Yu k d c su f j y Kw f a& mi f ; c s r I j z i f U ta& ;, l c J Uon f /

&Sm;yg;wd&pämeftcsKdU&Sm;yg;wd&pämeftcsKdU&Sm;yg;wd&pämeftcsKdU&Sm;yg;wd&pämeftcsKdU&Sm;yg;wd&pämeftcsKdU

wd&pämeftcsKdUukd csufjyKwfa&mif;csrI jzifhta&;,lcJhonf/ okdYaomf tqkdyg &efukef?yJcl;vrf;wpfavQmuf&Sd awm½kdif; wd&pämefcsufjyKwfa&mif;csonfh qkdif rsm;ü ayG;?orif? *sD? iSuftrsKd;rsKd;? arsmufrsm;tjyifa,musfm;tm;tif wkd;yGm;aponfhawm½k di f ;wd&päme frsm;uk d aeYpOfa&mif;csvsuf&SdaMumif; rMumcPoGm;a&mufpm;aomufavh&Sdonfh &efuif;NrKdUe,frS armfawmf,mOfa&mif;0,fonfhvkyfief;vkyfukdifonfh vlvwfykdif;wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/ yJcl;½kd;rtwGif;&Sifoefaexkdifonfh awm½kdif;wd&pämefrsm;tjyif &ckdifjynfe,fESifh rauG;wkdif;

qufpyfaeonfh a'orsm;wGifvnf;oif;acGcsyfuJhokdY &Sm;yg;owå0grsm;ukdw&m;r0if ul;oef;a&mif;0,frItm; pD;yGm;jzpf vkyfukdifol rsm;jym;vsuf&SdaMumif;a'ocH orm;½kd;us pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&SifwpfOD;\tqkdt& od&onf/ tqkdygpD;yGm;jzpf a&mif;0,fazmufum;rIrsm;ukdavhvmMunfh&mwGif w&m;r0if pD;yGm;jzpful;oef;a&mif;0,folrsm;ESifh Oya't&wm;qD;&ef vspfvsL½IoltcsKdUomvQiftusKd;&SdNyD; awmwGif;ü cufcufcJcJ&SmazGolrsm;rSm 0rf;a&;zlvkH½kHrQ taetxm;wGifyif&SdaMumif; a'ocHtcsKdUxHpkHprf;ar;jref;jcif;jzifh od&onf/

Zlvkdif 29-Mo*kwf 4 &ufaeYxkwf7 Day News Journal wGif aevif;atmifa&;om;onfh ]]pm;p&m&Sm;a&mhovm;avSmfum;O,smOfu a'gif;iSufowfpm;olw&m;pGJcH&}}owif;ü avSmfum;O,smOftkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJUu O,smOftwGif;&Sdom;iSufppfwrf; aumuf,l&mwGiftqkdyga'gif;iSufwpfaumif aysmufqkH;aeí pkHprf;&m r*Fvm'kHysKd;O,smOfaemufwGif aeolESpfOD;u zrf;qD;owfjzwfcJhaMumif; od&ojzifh tqkdygyk*¾Kdvfrsm; tm;awm½kdif;wd&pämefESifh obm0tyif rsm;umuG,fa&;ESi f h obm0ajrrsm;xdef;odrf;a&;Oya'yk'fr (37^u)t&w&m;pGJqkdxm;aMumif;? tqkdygjypfrIusL;vGefoltm; 'PfaiG 5000 usyfrSaxmif'Pf 7 ESpftxd (okdYr[kwf) jypf'PfESpf&yfvkH; uscH&ef owfrSwfcsufrsm;&SdaMumif; a&;om;xm;onf/

¤if;udpötygt0if txufazmfjyygudpötm;vkH;rSm obm0ywf0ef;usifukdwefzkd;xm; xdef;odrf;wwfonfh todynma&csdefrjrifhrm;rIESifh 0rf;pmjznfhwif; &eftcuftcJrsm;p Gm &S daerItwGuftvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;rsm; zefwD;Ekdif&ef vkdtyfrIukd jyqkdaMumif; obm0


ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;a&;qkdif&mavhvmokH;oyfolwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

tpkd;&rSaeí usm;rsm; aexkdifusufpm;vsuf&Sdaom [l;aumif;csKdifh0Srf;a'oukd usm;xdef;odrf;a&;e,fajr tjzpfowfrSwfay;jcif;? awm½kdif; wd&pämefESifhobm0tyifrsm; umuG,f a&;ESifhobm0e,fajrrsm; xdef;odrf;a&;Oya'rsm;ukd jy|mef;ay;jcif;wkdYtjyiftpkd;&r[kwfaomtzGJUtpnf;rsm;ukdvnf;vGwfvyfpGm vkyfukdifcGifhay;jcif;wkdYukdaqmif&Gufay;vsuf&SdaMumif; tpkd;&owif;xkwfjyefcsufESifh yk*¾vdurD'D,mtcsKdUwkdYü yg&Sdaomowif;rsm;t& od&

onf/opfawmOD;pD;XmerSaeí 1994

ckESpf? Oya'yk'fr (15^u)t& awm½kdif;wd&pämefrsm;tm; vkH;0 umuG,fxm; onfhawm½kdif;wd&pämefrsm;? omrefumuG,fxm;onfh awm½kdif;wd&pämefrsm;?&moDtvkduf umuG,fxm;onfh awm½kdif;wd&pämefrsm;[lí cGJjcm;um a&mif;0,fazmufum;cGifh&Sdonfh wd&pämefrsm; tm;pnf;urf;ESifhtnD rSwfykHwifarG; jrLía&mif;0,fcGif hjyKaomfvnf; 0doravmb&SdoltcsKdUu opfawmOD;pD;Xme wGifrSwfykHwifppfaq;qJ[k vdrfvnfvSnfhjzm;um arG;jrLxm;aom wd&pämef

tkyfpktcsKdUukd w&m;r0if a&mif;csumtopfjyefjznfharG;jrLrIonf xkwfjyefxm;aom Oya'ukd csKd;azmufjcif;jzpfaMumif; opfawmOD;pD;Xme\ owif;xkwfjyefcsufwpf&yft& od&onf/

jrefrmEkdifiHonf 1997 ckESpfpufwifbmv 11 &ufaeYwGif Conven-

tion On International Trade In Endan

gered Species ac: awm½kdif;wd&pämefESifhtyifrsm; rsKd;okOf;rnfhtEÅ&m,frS umuG,fa&;twGuf EkdifiHwum ukefoG,frIukd uefYowfaom tzGJUtpnf;okdY pwif0ifa&mufcJhonf/

a&mif;cs&ef toifhjzpfaeaomMuufoGefeDrsm;a&mif;cs&ef toifhjzpfaeaomMuufoGefeDrsm;a&mif;cs&ef toifhjzpfaeaomMuufoGefeDrsm;a&mif;cs&ef toifhjzpfaeaomMuufoGefeDrsm;a&mif;cs&ef toifhjzpfaeaomMuufoGefeDrsm;

MuufoGefeDtxGufEIef; usqif;zG,f&Sdatmifausmfrif;atmifausmfrif;atmifausmfrif;atmifausmfrif;atmifausmfrif;

3-8-2004

,ckESpftwGif; MuufoGefeDaps;EIef;rsm; qufwkdufusqif;aeojzifh Muuf,ckESpftwGif; MuufoGefeDaps;EIef;rsm; qufwkdufusqif;aeojzifh Muuf,ckESpftwGif; MuufoGefeDaps;EIef;rsm; qufwkdufusqif;aeojzifh Muuf,ckESpftwGif; MuufoGefeDaps;EIef;rsm; qufwkdufusqif;aeojzifh Muuf,ckESpftwGif; MuufoGefeDaps;EIef;rsm; qufwkdufusqif;aeojzifh MuufoGefpkdufawmifolrsm; pkdufysKd;p&dwfyif oGefpkdufawmifolrsm; pkdufysKd;p&dwfyif oGefpkdufawmifolrsm; pkdufysKd;p&dwfyif oGefpkdufawmifolrsm; pkdufysKd;p&dwfyif oGefpkdufawmifolrsm; pkdufysKd;p&dwfyif rumrdatmifjzpfum wkd;csJUpkdufysKd;&efrumrdatmifjzpfum wkd;csJUpkdufysKd;&efrumrdatmifjzpfum wkd;csJUpkdufysKd;&efrumrdatmifjzpfum wkd;csJUpkdufysKd;&efrumrdatmifjzpfum wkd;csJUpkdufysKd;&eftwGuf pdwf0ifpm;rIenf;yg;vmMuojzifh vmrnfhESpf MuufoGefeDay:csdef wGiftwGuf pdwf0ifpm;rIenf;yg;vmMuojzifh vmrnfhESpf MuufoGefeDay:csdef wGiftwGuf pdwf0ifpm;rIenf;yg;vmMuojzifh vmrnfhESpf MuufoGefeDay:csdef wGiftwGuf pdwf0ifpm;rIenf;yg;vmMuojzifh vmrnfhESpf MuufoGefeDay:csdef wGiftwGuf pdwf0ifpm;rIenf;yg;vmMuojzifh vmrnfhESpf MuufoGefeDay:csdef wGiftxGufEIef; usqif;oGm;zG,f&SdaMumif; bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdifrS i½kwf?txGufEIef; usqif;oGm;zG,f&SdaMumif; bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdifrS i½kwf?txGufEIef; usqif;oGm;zG,f&SdaMumif; bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdifrS i½kwf?txGufEIef; usqif;oGm;zG,f&SdaMumif; bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdifrS i½kwf?txGufEIef; usqif;oGm;zG,f&SdaMumif; bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdifrS i½kwf?MuufoGefyGJ½kHvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u MuufoGefyGJ½kHvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u MuufoGefyGJ½kHvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u MuufoGefyGJ½kHvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u MuufoGefyGJ½kHvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/

,ckESpf rkd;umvwGif jrefrmEkdifiHtESHYtjym;ü rkd;rsm;cJhNyD; a'otcsKdUwGifa&BuD;cJhrIaMumifh vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&;cufcJcJhojzifh ukefpnfykdYaqmifzvS,frIrSm rsm;pGm xdckdufepfemcJh&aMumif;bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdifrS ukefpnfykdYaqmifa&;0efaqmifrIvkyfukdifolwkdYu &Sif;jyonf/ okdYtwGuf aps;uGufokdY tcsdefrDa&muf&Sd&ef vkdtyfonfh MuufoGefeDuJhokdYaom ukefpnfrsKd;rSm aps;usqif;oGm;&jcif;jzpfaMumif; ukefonfwpfOD;u a0zefajymMum;onf/ xkdYtjyif jrefrmEkdifiHrSMuufoGefeDtrsm;qkH; 0,f,lonfhEkdifiHrsm;jzpfaom xkdif;? pifumyl? rav;&Sm;ESifh tif'kdeD;&Sm;EkdifiHokdY wifykdY&mwGifvrf;yef;qufoG,fa&;tjyif tjcm;tcuftcJrsm;pGmvnf; &Sdaeojzifh ,ckuJhokdY aps;EIef;edrfhqif;oGm;jcif;jzpfonf[k ¤if;u okH;oyfonf/ jynfyokdYwifykdY&ef tcuftcJ&Sdojzifh jynfwGif;aps;uGufüvnf; 0,fvkdtm; usqif;cJh&jcif; jzpfonf/ ukefpnft0iftxGufat;pufwwfaom rkd;wGif;tcsdefumvjzpfaomaMumifhvnf;aumif;? aps;uGuf


c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmoifwef; t&nftaoG;ESifUtvkyftudkiftcGifUtvrf; pepfwuspDpOfxm;ygu pdwf0ifpm;olrsm;Ekdif

rif;Ekdifpkd;rif;Ekdifpkd;rif;Ekdifpkd;rif;Ekdifpkd;rif;Ekdifpkd;

3-8-2004

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrOD;qkH; c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmoifwef;ukd 2004 ckESpf 'DZifbmvwGif zGifhvSpfEkdifjrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrOD;qkH; c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmoifwef;ukd 2004 ckESpf 'DZifbmvwGif zGifhvSpfEkdifjrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrOD;qkH; c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmoifwef;ukd 2004 ckESpf 'DZifbmvwGif zGifhvSpfEkdifjrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrOD;qkH; c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmoifwef;ukd 2004 ckESpf 'DZifbmvwGif zGifhvSpfEkdifjrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrOD;qkH; c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmoifwef;ukd 2004 ckESpf 'DZifbmvwGif zGifhvSpfEkdif&ef pDpOfxm;aMumif; tqkdygoifwef;\ wuúokdvfykdif;qkdif&m tcef;u@ukd wm0ef,lxm;ol &efukefwuúokdvf&ef pDpOfxm;aMumif; tqkdygoifwef;\ wuúokdvfykdif;qkdif&m tcef;u@ukd wm0ef,lxm;ol &efukefwuúokdvf&ef pDpOfxm;aMumif; tqkdygoifwef;\ wuúokdvfykdif;qkdif&m tcef;u@ukd wm0ef,lxm;ol &efukefwuúokdvf&ef pDpOfxm;aMumif; tqkdygoifwef;\ wuúokdvfykdif;qkdif&m tcef;u@ukd wm0ef,lxm;ol &efukefwuúokdvf&ef pDpOfxm;aMumif; tqkdygoifwef;\ wuúokdvfykdif;qkdif&m tcef;u@ukd wm0ef,lxm;ol &efukefwuúokdvfjrefrmpmXmerS ygarmu©a':cifaqGjrifhu jrefrmpmXmerS ygarmu©a':cifaqGjrifhu jrefrmpmXmerS ygarmu©a':cifaqGjrifhu jrefrmpmXmerS ygarmu©a':cifaqGjrifhu jrefrmpmXmerS ygarmu©a':cifaqGjrifhu Living Color okdY ZlvkdifvtwGif;u ajymMum;onf/okdY ZlvkdifvtwGif;u ajymMum;onf/okdY ZlvkdifvtwGif;u ajymMum;onf/okdY ZlvkdifvtwGif;u ajymMum;onf/okdY ZlvkdifvtwGif;u ajymMum;onf/

0,fvkdtm;enf;yg;vmaomumvvnf;jzpfaomaMumifhvnf;aumif;?bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdifokdY MuufoGefeD0ifa&mufrIonf vGefpGmenf;yg;aeojzifh aps;rSm vGefvGefuJuJ usqif;jcif;rsKd; r&Sdao;aMumif; yGJ½kHvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u qkdonf/

bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdifrS &&Sdaomowif;rsm;t& Zlvkdifvqef;ykdif;uwpfydóm 125 usyfEIef; &SdcJhaomMuufoGefeDtvkH;BuD;onf Mo*kwfvqef;ykdif;wGif 110 usyfokdY usqif;cJhonf/ xkdYtwl MuufoGefeDtvkH;vwfonf 115 usyfrS 98 usyfokdYvnf;aumif;? tvkH;ao;onf 100 usyfrS80 usyfokdYvnf;aumif; edrfhqif;oGm;onf/ okdYaomf vmrnfhESpf MuufoGefeDay:csdefrsm;ü awmifolpdwf0ifpm;rIenf;íxkwfvkyfrIusqif;cJhygu jynfwGif;aps;uGufüyif ypönf;&Sm;yg;um aps;EIef;jyefvnfjrif hwufoGm;Ek difaMumif;?tu,fí jynfyaps;uGufokdY wifykdY&eftcGifhtvrf;omvmyguvnf; jynfwGif;0,fvkdtm; jrifhwufum ,m,Dtm;jzifhaps;EIef;odompGm jrifhrm;oGm;EkdifaMumif;?ykHrSeftwkdif; jynfy wifykdYcGifh&&SdaeyguaemifwGif xkwfvkyfrItm; wkd;wufumaps;EIef;wnfNidrfí xkwfvkyfol? 0efaqmif

olrsm;omru EkdifiHtwGufvnf; EkdifiHjcm;0ifaiG wkd;wufvmapa&;ukd jznfhqnf;ay;EkdifrnfjzpfaMumif;? vwfwavmtajctaewGifrl xkwfvkyfolawmifolrsm;omru ukefonftcsKdUvnf; t½IH;ay:aeaMumif; bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdifrS i½kwf? MuufoGefyGJ½kHvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u okH;oyfajymMum;onf/

2002 ckESpfrSpí pm;zkdaqmifoD;ESHtm; aps;EIef;usqif;&eftvkdYiSmjynfywifykdYrIukd oufqkdif&mrS uefYowfcJhNyD;aemufykdif;rSpí MuufoGefeDaps;EIef;rSm tusbufokdY ,drf;um wifykdYonfhvrf;aMumif;tajctaeay:wGifrlwnfítEkwftodrf; ykHrSefr&SdbJ aps;EIef;tedrfhjzifhyif upm;cJhonf/

2003 ckESpfwGifrl xl;xl;jcm;jcm;yk*¾vduukrÜPDwpfckrS OD;pm;ay;wifykdYcGifh &&SdcJhojzifh MuufoGefeD tEkwftodrf;jyefvnfjrefqefum awmifolaps;aumif;&cJhaomfvnf; ,cifESpfrsm;utawGUtBuKHjzifh xkwfvkyfrIwkd;jr§ifh&ef0efav;cJhaomaMumifh aps;uGufü 0,fvkdtm;ESifh a&mif;vkdtm; [efcsufrnDjzpfum aps;EIef;½kwfw&uf jrifhwufcJhzl;onf/

vmrnfh aqmif;OD;aygufumvwGif xGuf&Sdrnfh qifjzLuRef;? qdyfjzLESifh

jrif;NcHwkdYrS MuufoGefeDxGuf&SdrIESifh ykdYukefvrf;aMumif; tqifajyacsmarGUrIay:rlwnfí vmrnfhESpfwGif jynfwGif;pm;zkdaqmifoD;ESH aps;uGuftaetxm;ukdtaumif;tqkd; cefYrSef;EkdifNyDjzpfaMumif;?vuf&SdwGif tdrfeD;csif;EkdifiHrsm;ESifh pD;yGm;a&; yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI wkd;jr§ifhvmojzifh jynfyESifh ukefoG,ful;oef;a&mif;0,fa&; ykdrkdaumif;rGefvmrnfukdyifarQmfvifhxm;rdaMumif;? jynfwGif;aps;uGufü jzpfay:aeaom aps;EIef;ukdavQmhcsa&;xuf wnfNidrfaumif;rGefrIukdyif OD;pm;ay;oifhaMumif;? xkwfvkyfolawmifolukd rufvkH;ay;EkdifrSom xkwfvkyfrIwkd;wufvmrnfjzpfaMumif;? xkduJhokdYrufvkH;ay;Ekdifa&;rSm jynfwGif;0,fvkdtm;oufoufESifh rvkHavmufbJ jynfyaps;uGufukdvnf; us,fjyefYpGm &&Sd&efvkdtyfaMumif;? EkdifiHwumaps;uGufESifhcsdwfqufxm;Ekdifygu aps;EIef;wnfNidrfrSefuefrIukd&&Sdum jynfwGif;pm;okH;olrsm;? xkwfvkyfolrsm;twGuf tqifajyaprnfjzpfaMumif; pojzifh MuufoGefeDaps;uGufESifhywfoufaomtvm;tvmukd ukefonfBuD;tcsKdUu okH;oyf a0zefMuonf/


tqkdygoifwef; zGifhvSpfEkdifa&;ukd 2003 ckESpftwGif;u pwif aqG;aEG;cJ h Mujcif;jzpfNyD; 2003 ckESpfwGifIntroducting Tourism (c&D;oGm;ynmrdwfquf) acgif;pOfjzifh a[majymaqG;aEG;yGJwpfck pwifcJhNyD;aemuf vkyfief;rsm; qufvufaqmif&GufvmcJh&m 2004ckESpf rwfvrSpwifí Courses on the

Travel Industry (c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynmoifcef;pm) acgif;pOfjzifh bmom&yf 12ckukd &efukefwuúokdvf jrefrmpm Xme?orkdif;Xme? yx0DXme? EkdifiHwumqufqHa&;ynmXme? a&S;a[mif;okawoeXmeESifh pD;yGm;a&;wuúokdvfwkdYrS q&mq&mr 30 OD;ukd pwifykdYcscJhonf[k oifwef;wm0efcH ygarmu©a':cifaqGjrifhu qkdonf/ tqkdygq&mq&mrrsm;tm; oifwef;rsm;NyD;qkH;ygu 'DyvkdrmbGJU tyfESif;rnfjzpfNyD;'DZifbmvwGif topfzGifhvSpfrnfh c&D;oGm;vkyfief; 'Dyvkdrmoifwef;wGif jyefvnfykdYcsolrsm; jzpfzG,f&Sdonf[k ¤if;uqufvufajymMum;onf/

,ck'DZifbmvwGif zGifhvSpfrnfhoifwef;wGif oifwef;om;OD;a& 50OD;cefY vufcHrnfjzpfNyD; ,ckavmavmq,f &efukefwuúokdvf jrefrmpmXmewnf&Sd&m awmifilaqmifwGif zGifhvSpf&ef&Sdonf[k od&onf/ oifwef;umvrSm wpfESpfjzpfNyD; Semester ESpfBudrfESifh,ckc&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynmoifwef;wGifykdYcsaeaom bmom&yfrsm;onf jy|mef;bmom&yfrsm; jzpfvmzG,f&Sdonf[kwm0efcHu qkdonf/ oifwef;okdY wufa&muf&ef yxr bGJUwpfck&&Sd&ef vkdtyfNyD; 0ifcGifhtao;pdwfukd pDpOfqJjzpfonf[k oifwef;rS xkwfjyefcsufrsm;t& od&onf/ oifwef;csdefukd eHeuf7 em&DrS 9 em&Dxdjzifh eHeufykdif;oifwef;tjzpf pDpOfxm;onfhtwGuf

½kH;csdefjzifh vkyfukdif&olrsm;vnf; wufa&muf&ef tqifajyrnf jzpfonf/oifwef;aMu;rSmrl avmavmq,frowfrSwf&ao;[kqkdaomfvnf;twnfrjyKEkdifao;aom owif;wpf&yft&oifwef;aMu;rSm wpfvvQif usyfwpfaomif;ESpfaxmifcefYjzpfaMumif;?0ifcGifhavQmufxm;ol rsm;jym;cJhygu0ifcGifhpmar;yGJpepfjzifh wufa&mufcGifhjyK&ef pOf;pm;xm;&aMumif; tqkdygwm0efcHu ajymMum;onf/

,cktcg &efukefwuúokdvfwGifzGifhvSpfrnf[kqkdí pdwf0ifwpm; pkHprf;olrSm 50 OD;yif ausmfvGefaeNyDjzpfonf[kwuúokdvfowif;&yfuGufu qkdonf/ueOD; 'Dyvkdrmoifwef;rsm;ukd &efukefwuúokdvfwGif zGifhvSpfrnfjzpfNyD; aemufydkif;umvrsm;wGif topfzGifhvSpfxlaxmifrnfh University of National Manage-

ment (trsK d;om; pDrHcef YcG Jr Iynmwuúokdvf) wGif oD;jcm;XmewpfcktjzpfzGifhvSpf&ef cGifhjyKcsuf &&Sdxm;NyD;jzpfNyD;bGJUtqifhoifwef;rsm;? bGJUvGefoifwef;rsm;txd qufvufzGifhvSpfoGm;rnf[ktqkdyg owif;&yfuGufrS od&Sd&onf/trsKd;om;pDrHcefYcGJrI wuúokdvfukd ,cif&efukefwuúokdvf Munfhjrifwkdife,fajrwGif zGifhvSpfrnf jzpfonf/

tqkdyg c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm&yfqkdif&m 'Dyvkdrmoifwef; zGifhvSpfEkdifa&;twGuf ynma&;0efBuD;XmerS bmom&yfqkdif&m uRrf;usifolrsm;? [kdw,fESifhc&D;oGm;vma&;vkyfief; 0efBuD;XmerSuRrf;usifolrsm;? jrefrmEkdifiH c&D;oGm;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif; (UMTA) ESifhjyifyuRrf;usifolrsm;rS 0kdif;0ef;ulnDaqmif&Gufvsuf&S d NyD; Ek difiHwumaqG;aEG;yGJrsm;? enf;ynmzvS,fa&;tpDtpOfrsm;udk qufwkdufaqmif&GufoGm;rnf[k ¤if;u qkdonf/ ,cktcg

xkdif;EkdifiHokdY c&D;oGm;vkyfief;qkdif&moifwef;rsm; tokwfvkduf apvTwfvsuf&SdaMumif;? tjcm;EkdifiHrsm;okdYvnf;apvTwfavhvm&ef&SdaMumif;? ukd&D;,m;EkdifiH vifajymifwuúokdvfESifhvnf; aqG;aEG;ajymqkdrIrsm; &SdaeaMumif; UMTA

ESifh eD;pyfolrsm;xHrS od&Sd&onf/jrefrmEkdifiHtaejzifh c&D;oGm;vkyfief;qkdif&mvlom;t&if;tjrpfzGHUNzKd;a&; tpDtrHrsm;taejzifh [kdw,fESifh c&D;oGm;vma&;vkyfief;0efBuD;XmerS zGifhvSpfaom c&D;oGm;{nfhvrf;nTefoifwef;? uefawmfBuD;yJavhpf[kdw,f&Sd [kdw,f0efaqmifrIqkdif&m tajccHoifwef;ESifh yk*¾vdurSzGifhvSpfaom oifwef;ESpfcktygt0iftenf;i,fom&SdNyD; vlOD;a&rSmvnf;tuefYtowfjzifhom arG;xkwfEkdifao;onfh tajctaewGif&Sdae&m ,ckzGifhvSpfaom 'Dyvkdrmoifwef;onf tqkdygu@ vlom;t&if;tjrpf zGHUNzKd;a&;twGuf rsm;pGm taxmuftuljyKEkdifrnf jzpfonf/ tqkdygoifwef; NyD;qkH;cJhygu vkyfief;cGifokdY rnfonfhykHpHjzifh0ifa&mufEkdifrnfqkdonfESifh ywfoufNyD;wm0efcH ygarmu©a':cifaqGjrifhrSrl0g'a&;&mjzpfí avmavmq,frxkwfjyefEkdifao;ygaMumif; Living

Color odkY xkwfazmfajymMum;oGm;onf/rnfokdYyifjzpfap ,ckzGifhvSpf

aom 'Dyvkdrmoifwef;wGif jy|mef;xm;aom oif½kd;nTef;wrf;rsm;t& c&D;oGm;vkyfief;qkdif&m pDrHcefYcGJrI tajccH&&SdNyD;jzpfaom vlYpGrf;tm;t&if;tjrpfrsm;ay:xGef;vmrnfjzpfaMumif;ESifhoif½kd;nTef;wrf;rsm;ukdvnf; EkdifiHwumjzifh csdefq ívkdtyfovkd jznhfpGufoGm;rnfjzpfonf [kolru qkdonf/ tdrfeD;csif; xkdif; EkdifiHESifhc&D;oGm;vkyfief; atmifjrifae onfhEkdifiHtrsm;tjym;wGif Hospitality Indus-

try twGuf wuúokdvftqifhbGJUESifh


bGJUvGefoifwef;rsm; t&Sdef&&SdaeNyDjzpf&m jrefrmEkdifiHü ueOD;ajcvSrf;tjzpfc&D;oGm;vkyfief;ynm 'Dyvkdrmoifwef;pwifzGifhvSpfEkdifawmhrnfjzpfojzifh arG;zGm;vmrnfh vlom;t&if;tjrpf Human

jrefrmEkdifiHtwGif;&Sd yk*¾vdu oabFmukd,fpm;vS,fjrefrmEkdifiHtwGif;&Sd yk*¾vdu oabFmukd,fpm;vS,fjrefrmEkdifiHtwGif;&Sd yk*¾vdu oabFmukd,fpm;vS,fjrefrmEkdifiHtwGif;&Sd yk*¾vdu oabFmukd,fpm;vS,fjrefrmEkdifiHtwGif;&Sd yk*¾vdu oabFmukd,fpm;vS,f(Agent)rsm; tmrcHrsm; tmrcHrsm; tmrcHrsm; tmrcHrsm; tmrcHcsuf rSefrSefuefuef ray;Edkifjcif;aMumifh EkdifiHjcm;okdYxGufcGmí wm0efxrf;csuf rSefrSefuefuef ray;Edkifjcif;aMumifh EkdifiHjcm;okdYxGufcGmí wm0efxrf;csuf rSefrSefuefuef ray;Edkifjcif;aMumifh EkdifiHjcm;okdYxGufcGmí wm0efxrf;csuf rSefrSefuefuef ray;Edkifjcif;aMumifh EkdifiHjcm;okdYxGufcGmí wm0efxrf;csuf rSefrSefuefuef ray;Edkifjcif;aMumifh EkdifiHjcm;okdYxGufcGmí wm0efxrf;aqmifrnfh jrefrmEkdifiH yifv,ful;oabFmom;tcsKdU oabFmwufa&mufcGifhaqmifrnfh jrefrmEkdifiH yifv,ful;oabFmom;tcsKdU oabFmwufa&mufcGifhaqmifrnfh jrefrmEkdifiH yifv,ful;oabFmom;tcsKdU oabFmwufa&mufcGifhaqmifrnfh jrefrmEkdifiH yifv,ful;oabFmom;tcsKdU oabFmwufa&mufcGifhaqmifrnfh jrefrmEkdifiH yifv,ful;oabFmom;tcsKdU oabFmwufa&mufcGifhr&&SdbJ jynfyrS jyefvnfa&muf&SdaeMuaMumif; oabFmom;tcsKdUxHrS od&onf/r&&SdbJ jynfyrS jyefvnfa&muf&SdaeMuaMumif; oabFmom;tcsKdUxHrS od&onf/r&&SdbJ jynfyrS jyefvnfa&muf&SdaeMuaMumif; oabFmom;tcsKdUxHrS od&onf/r&&SdbJ jynfyrS jyefvnfa&muf&SdaeMuaMumif; oabFmom;tcsKdUxHrS od&onf/r&&SdbJ jynfyrS jyefvnfa&muf&SdaeMuaMumif; oabFmom;tcsKdUxHrS od&onf/

jynfwGif;&Sd yk*¾vdu oabFmukd,fpm;vS,frsm; tmrcHcsufray;Ekdifíyifv,ful;oabFmom;tcsKdY jyefvnfa&muf&Sd

auckdifausmfauckdifausmfauckdifausmfauckdifausmfauckdifausmf2-8-2004

EkdifiHwumoabFmvdkif;wpfckwGifvkdufygcJhaom oabFmom;wpfOD;rSmoabFmay:wGif tvkyf0ifvkyfNyD;ajcmufvcefYtMumwGif rdrdwufa&mufaomoabFm a&mif;csvdkufNyD[kqkdumjrefrmoabFmom;rsm;tm; a&muf&SdaomEkdifiHrsm;wGif csxm;cJhaMumif;?oabFmom;rsm;twGuf epfemaMu;ray;onfhtjyif jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd rdom;pkxHrS aiGrSm,lí jyefvmcJh&aMumif;?tcsKdUaom oabFmom;rsm;rSm tdrfjyefp&dwf&&Sd&ef &&mtvkyf0ifNyD; aiGpkaqmif;aeaomfvnf; EkdifiHul;vufrSwfukdifaqmifxm;jcif;r&Sdojzifh Over Stay

taejzif h tvkyfvkyfcJ h&aMumif;?oabFmwuf&ef 45 odef;cefY tukeftuscHí ESpfESpfausmf tcsdefukefNyD; oifwef;aygif;rsm;pGm wufa&mufcJhaomfvnf; vkdif;aumif;aumif;&&Sd&ef cufcJaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

oabFmwufa&mufcGifhr&Sdaom

Capital Out Put rsm;twGuf t&nftaoG;tmrcHEkdifrI (Quality Insurance)

&Sda&;ESifh tvkyftudkiftcGifhtvrf; (Job

Opportunity) wkdYudk pepfwus pDpOfxm;ygu vlBuKdufrsm; atmifjrifaom

oifwef;wpfck jzpfvmEdkifygaMumif;c&D;oGm;vkyfief;uRrf;usifolwpfOD;uokH;oyfonf/

oabFmom;rsm;rSm rdrdwdkY vdkif;csdwfay;aom Agent rsm;ok d Y oGm;a&muftaMumif;Mum;aomfvnf; wm0ef,lEkdifrIr&SdbJ oabFmwufa&muf&ef vdkif;csdwfay;jcif;om Agent rsm;jzifhqkdifNyD;oabFma&mif;vkdufjcif;onf oabFmukrÜPDrsm;jzifhom oufqdkifaMumif;?aemufxyf vkdif;opfcsdwfay;&efomapmifhck dif;xm;aMumif;? aemufxyfwufa&muf&efrSmvnf; aocsmrIr&SdEkdifao;aMumif; ponfh tajzrsm;ukdom&&SdcJhonf[k oabFmom;wpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif EkdifiHjcm;okdYxGufcGmí wm0efxrf;aqmifrnfhjrefrmEkdifiH yifv,ful;oabFmom;rsm;tvGefrsm;jym;pGm &Sdaeaomfvnf; trSefwu,f wufa&muf&aom oabFmom;rsm;rSm tvGefenf;aeao;aMumif;?ykdYaqmifa&;0efBuD;Xmevufatmuf&Sda&aMumif;ykd Yaqmifa&; nTefMum;rI

OD;pD;XmerS jrefrmoabFmom;rsm;twGuf jrefrmhoabFmom;tppf jzpfaMumif; todtrSwfjyK SID Card (Sea-

farer Identidy Documents) rsm;xkwfvkyfay;jcif;onf jynfyEkdifiHrsm;wGif ADZm&&Sd&ef vG,fulEkdifaomfvnf;Agent rsm; rSefuefrIr&Sdjcif;aMumifhoabFmom;rsm; wufa&mufcGifhr&SddbJjyefa&muf&SdrIom rsm;vmaMumif; ¤if;uajymjyonf/

2004 ckESpf arv 11 &ufaeYwGif oabFmom; 12 OD;rSm EdkifiHwumoabFmvdkif;wpfckwGif wufa&muf&efThai Airways International jzi f hxkdif;EkdifiH befaumufNrKdUokdY xGufcGmcJhNyD;xkdrSwpfqifh rav;&Sm;-uGmvmvrfyl?uGmvmvrfylrS ulcsif;okdY oGm;a&mufcJhaMumif;? 16 &ufaeYwGif oabFmpwuf&rnf[k jrefrmEdkifiHrS Agent u ajymMum;aomfvnf; rav;&Sm;a&mufNyD; 16&ufaeYwGifvnf; oabFma&muf&Sdrvmojzifh rwuf&aMumif;? jrefrmEdkifiHrSAgent okdY qufoG,faomfvnf; acwåapmifhckdif;ojzifh qufapmifhpOf rav;&Sm;Agent u 25 &ufaeYwGif wuf&rnf[kqkdum wnf;ckdcef;wGifaeí qufvuf


aeonfhtcsdefwGif rav;&Sm;rS Agent

u wnf;ckdcef;rS *kda'gifwpfckokdY ajymif;a&TUac:,lcJhNyD; tqkdygae&mwGif qefuGJESifhMuufOrsm;omay;ojzifh wpf&ufvQifxrif;wpfeyfom pm;&onf[k ¤if;BuKHawGUcJh&aomtajctaeukd ajymjyonf/

a&muf&SdaeonfrSm wpfvausmfcefYMumaomfvnf; oabFmrwuf&aMumif;? oabFmvnf;r&SdaMumif;?jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ajymcJhpOfu wpfvvQif&if;*pf 900 &rnf/ tcsdefykdaMu; &if;*pf300 &rnf/ pkpkaygif; &if;*pf 1200&rnf[kqkdaomaMumifh vkdif;aMu;rsm;ay;acscJhNyD; oabmwlaomaMumifhoGm;cJhaMumif;? oabFmom; 12 OD;rSmwpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; vkdif;aMu;rsm; rwlaMumif; ukdol&u qufvufajymMum;onf/

apmifhae&aMumif;? wnf;ckdcef;\tqifhtwef; rsm;pGm edrfhusaom wpfa,muftdyfckwifESpfvkH;jzifh av;OD; r&ru tdyf&onfhtjyif pm;aomufp&dwfukdvnf; ravmufriay;xm;aMumif;?25 &ufwGif wufa&muf&rnfqkdojzifhvkdtyfonfrsm; 0,f,lcJh&m aiGukefvkeD;yg;jzpfcJhNyD; tqkdygaeYwGifvnf;wufa&mufcGifhr&&SdbJ aemufwpfywfcefY qufapmifhaecJh&aMumif; oabFmwufa&muf&ef oGm;a&mufcJhol ukdol&u &Sif;jyonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHrS vkdif;csdwfay;aomCurrent Ventures ukrÜPDudk qufoG,faomfvnf; r&&SdawmhaMumif;? rav;&Sm;rSAgent uvnf; tquftoG,frvkyfawmhojzifh rav;&Sm;wGif a&muf&SdaeaomoabFmom; 12 OD;rSm rnfokdY qufvufvkyfaqmif&rnfukd rodbJ tajctaerJh

jrefrmEkdifiHrS Agent uvnf;rav;&Sm; Agent ukd tquftoG,frvkyfawmhbJ Current Ventures ukrÜPDrS OD;wkd;ESifh OD;cifpkd;rSm xGufajy;oGm;cJhaMumif; od&NyD; jyefykdYay;&efajymaomfvnf; jyefrykdYay;ojzifh tdrfrS aiGrSmíjyefcJh&aMumif;? wcsKdUaom oabFmom;rsm;rSm Over Stay (oufwrf;vGefaexkdifjcif;) aeNyD; tvkyfvkyfaeaMumif;?jrefrmEkdifiHokdY &SpfOD;om jyefvmcJhaMumif; oabFmom;owif;&yfuGufrSod&onf/

]]tckawmh oabFmvkdufzkdY tpDtpOf zsufvkdufygNyD/ b,fawmhrSvnf;wjcm;EkdifiH roGm;awmhbl;vkdY pOf;pm;vkdufw,f/ Agent awG pdwfrcs&vkdYoabFmom;awG 'ku©a&mufae&w,f}}[k ukdol&u qkdygonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif HIV/AIDS ukoaq;0g;rsm; tcrJUjzefhcsdEkdif&efaq;ukrÜPDrsm;okdh WHO ESifU UNICEF wkdhrS urf;vSrf;

xm;xm;jrifhxm;xm;jrifhxm;xm;jrifhxm;xm;jrifhxm;xm;jrifh

26-7-2004

HIV/AIDS a&m*gukoaq;rsm; jzefYcsdaeaom aq;0g;ukrÜPDrsm;xHrS a&m*gukoaq;rsm; jzefYcsdaeaom aq;0g;ukrÜPDrsm;xHrS a&m*gukoaq;rsm; jzefYcsdaeaom aq;0g;ukrÜPDrsm;xHrS a&m*gukoaq;rsm; jzefYcsdaeaom aq;0g;ukrÜPDrsm;xHrS a&m*gukoaq;rsm; jzefYcsdaeaom aq;0g;ukrÜPDrsm;xHrS WHO ESifh ESifh ESifh ESifh ESifh UNICEF wkdYu aq;0g;rsm;wkdYu aq;0g;rsm;wkdYu aq;0g;rsm;wkdYu aq;0g;rsm;wkdYu aq;0g;rsm;0,f,lí 0,f,lí 0,f,lí 0,f,lí 0,f,lí HIV/AIDS a&m*gukoaq;rsm;ukd a0'em&Sifrsm;xH tcrJhjzefYcsdEkdifa&;twGuf Zlvkdifv 26 &ufaeYua&m*gukoaq;rsm;ukd a0'em&Sifrsm;xH tcrJhjzefYcsdEkdifa&;twGuf Zlvkdifv 26 &ufaeYua&m*gukoaq;rsm;ukd a0'em&Sifrsm;xH tcrJhjzefYcsdEkdifa&;twGuf Zlvkdifv 26 &ufaeYua&m*gukoaq;rsm;ukd a0'em&Sifrsm;xH tcrJhjzefYcsdEkdifa&;twGuf Zlvkdifv 26 &ufaeYua&m*gukoaq;rsm;ukd a0'em&Sifrsm;xH tcrJhjzefYcsdEkdifa&;twGuf Zlvkdifv 26 &ufaeYujrefrmEkdifiH q&m0eftoif;taqmufttkHü jrefrmEkdifiH q&m0eftoif;taqmufttkHü jrefrmEkdifiH q&m0eftoif;taqmufttkHü jrefrmEkdifiH q&m0eftoif;taqmufttkHü jrefrmEkdifiH q&m0eftoif;taqmufttkHü WHO ????? UNICEF rS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;rS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;rS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;rS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;rS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH aq;ESifhaq;ypönf;ukefonfrsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;wkdY awGUqkHaqG;aEG;cJhMuonf[k jrefrmEkdifiH aq;ESifhaq;ypönf; ukefonfukefonfrsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;wkdY awGUqkHaqG;aEG;cJhMuonf[k jrefrmEkdifiH aq;ESifhaq;ypönf; ukefonfukefonfrsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;wkdY awGUqkHaqG;aEG;cJhMuonf[k jrefrmEkdifiH aq;ESifhaq;ypönf; ukefonfukefonfrsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;wkdY awGUqkHaqG;aEG;cJhMuonf[k jrefrmEkdifiH aq;ESifhaq;ypönf; ukefonfukefonfrsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;wkdY awGUqkHaqG;aEG;cJhMuonf[k jrefrmEkdifiH aq;ESifhaq;ypönf; ukefonfrsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif; em,u OD;nGefYwifu rsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif; em,u OD;nGefYwifu rsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif; em,u OD;nGefYwifu rsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif; em,u OD;nGefYwifu rsm;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif; em,u OD;nGefYwifu Living Color okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/okdY ajymMum;onf/

vuf&S daq;0g;aps;uGufwGifHIV/AIDS ukoaq;0g;wifoGif;aeaom aq;0g;ukrÜPDig;ckcefYom &Sdaomfvnf; tqkdyg awGUqkHaqG;aEG;yGJokdYaq;0g;jzefYjzL;&ef rSwfykHwifavQmufxm;qJukrÜPDrsm;rS wufa&mufcJhNyD;

pkpkaygif; aq;0g;ukrÜPD 12 ckrS wm0ef&Sdolrsm; aqG;aEG;cJhMuonf[k OD;nGefYwifu qkdonf/

WHO ESifh UNICEF wkdYrS urf;vSrf;vmonfhtpDtpOfrSm aq;0g;ukrÜPDrsm;rS a&mif;csaeaom HIV/

AIDS ukoaq;0g;rsm;ukd tzkd;EIef;tcsK domqkH;EIef;xm;jzif h 0,f,lítpkd;&r[kwfaomtzGJUtpnf;rsm;rSwpfqifh a0'em&Sifrsm;xH wkduf½kdufjzefYcsdrnfjzpfonf/

]]Oyrm-'Daq;u a':vm 10 ay;


&w,f qkdygpkdY/ UNICEF uESpfa':vm eJY 0,fr,f/ aq;ukrÜPDuavQmha&mif; ay;&r,f/ NyD;rS aq;vufawGUvk dtyf aewJ hvlawGuk d NGO

awGuwpfqifh jzefYcsdr,fhtpDtpOfyg}} [kOD;nGefYwif u qkdonf/

xkduJhokdY HIV/AIDS uko aq;0g;rsm;ukd UNICEF ESifh WHO uJhokdY tzGJUtpnf;rsm;rSwpfqifh 0,f,ljzefYjzL;&jcif;rSm HIV/AIDS aq;0g;rsm;\ tzkd;EIef;jrifhrm;rIaMumifh omrefvlwef;pm;rsm; 0,f,lokH;pGJ&ef rjzpfEkdifaomaMumihf [kHIV/AIDS a&m*g wkdufzsufa&;wGifyg0ifvIyf&Sm;aeaom q&m0efwpfOD;uajymMum;onf/ ]]HIV a&m*g ukoaq;u xkd;aq;wpfvkH;qkd&if aiGwpfaomif;avmuf &Sdw,f/ tJ'gu wpfywfwpfvkH;wkd;&rSm/ pm;aq;uawmh wpfvpmukd&Spfaomif;? wpfodef;0ef;usif &Sdw,f/

'gaMumifh awmf½kHwef½kH csrf;omwJholawGawmif r0,fEkdifygbl;}}[k ¤if;uaq;0g;aps;EIef;rsm;ukd okH;oyfjyonf/

tqkdyg tpDtpOfonf rMumao;cifu w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHrSwm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh Glaxosmithkline

aq;0g;ukrÜPDwkdY jyKvkyfcJhMuaom tpDtpOfESifh qifwlonf[k OD;nGefYwifuqkdonf/

befaumufykdYpf owif;pmwGifZlvkdifv 14 &ufaeYu azmfjyxm;aomowif;wpfyk'ft& w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xmeu Glaxo-

smithkline aq;0g;ukrÜPDBuD;xHrS HIV

ukoaq;jzpfaom Lamiudine ukdtxl;avQmhcsxm;aom tzkd;EIef;xm;jzifh0,f,lí a&m*gcHpm;ae&aom w½kwfvlrsKd; a0'em&Sifrsm;ukd jzefYcsday;rnf [kod&Sd&onf/

xkdYjyif Glaxosmithkline aq;0g;ukrÜPDonf w½kwftpkd;& wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh oabmwlnDcsuft& ESpfpOf HIV

a&m*gykd; ul;pufcHae&NyD; aq;0g; ukorIvkdtyfaeol a0'em&Sif 15000 tm;aq;0g;tcrJh jzefYcsday;&rnf jzpf onf/

Glaxosmithkline ukrÜPD\ ½kH;cGJjrefrmjynfwGif zGifhvSpfí aq;0g;rsm;jzefYcsdaeaomfvnf; w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHrSmuJhokdY oabmwlnDcsufr&&Sdao;[k OD;nGefYwifu qkdonf/

]]tck avmavmq,f b,faq;0g;ukrÜPDeJYrS oabmwlnDcsufr&&Sdao;ygbl;/ 'gayr,fh UNICEF u

wm0ef&SdolawGu EkdifiHjcm; rl&if;ukrÜPDBuD;eJY qufoG,fOD;rSmyg[k}} OD;nGefYwifu ajymMum;onf/

Zlvkdifv 26 &ufaeYu HIV/

AIDS a&m*gumuG,fukoa&;twGufWHO ? UNICEF wkdYESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;cJ h Muonfh HIV ukoaq;0g;wif oGif;onfh aq;0g;ukrÜPDrsm;rSmRanbaxy, Ueimal, Lion Myanmar, Mya

Hanthar, Dimond Star, AMT, ANIMT,

Zifam, Efell, Cardidila,

Glaxosmithkline aq;0g;ukrÜPDrsm;jzpfonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif HIV/AIDS

a&m*gumuG,fukoa&;ESifh wkdufzsufa&;vkyfief;rsm;ukd usef;rma&;0efBuD;XmerS trsK d;om;attkdi f' Dtufpfwk duf zsufa&;tzG J U z G J Upnf;ívkyfaqmifae ouJhokdY PSI ? wjcm; NGO

tzGJU tpnf;rsm;ESifh UNICEF, WFP,

UNDP, UNFAA, UNODC, ILO,

UNESCO, WHO, WORLD BANK wkdYpkaygif;xm;aom jrefrmEkdifiH UNAIDS

½k H ;c G Jwk d Yr Svnf; HIV/AIDS

a&m*gwkHYjyefwkdufckdufa&;vkyfief;rsm;ukdOD;aqmifay;jcif;? yl;aygif;yg0ifulnDaqmif&Gufjcif;? &efykHaiG&SmazGay;jcif;?twwfynmykdif;qkdif&m tultnDay;jcif;wkdYukd aqmif&Gufvsuf &Sdonf/

jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd AIDS a&m*g&Sif?HIV ykd; ul;pufcHae&olOD;a&ESifh ywfoufí 1988 ckESpfrS 2003 ckESpf rwfvtxd trsKd;om;attkdif'Dtufpfwkdufzsufa&;tzGJUrS w&m;0if xkwfjyefxm;aompm&if;wGif jrefrmEk difiHüHIV a&m*gykd;ul;pufcHae&ol 45968 OD;om&SdNyD; attkdif'Dtufpf a0'em&Sifaygif; 6727OD;om &Sdonf[k azmfjyxm;onf/


opfawmt&nftaoG;ESifU rsKd;quf&SifoefrIonfiSufrsm;tay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef;wnfrSD

ausmfEkdifausmfEkdifausmfEkdifausmfEkdifausmfEkdif3-8-2004

jrefrmEkdifiHtygt0if urÇmwpfvTm;&Sd opfyifESifh opfawmrsm;\ t&nftaoG;ESifh rsKd;quf&Sifoef&yfwnfa&;ojrefrmEkdifiHtygt0if urÇmwpfvTm;&Sd opfyifESifh opfawmrsm;\ t&nftaoG;ESifh rsKd;quf&Sifoef&yfwnfa&;ojrefrmEkdifiHtygt0if urÇmwpfvTm;&Sd opfyifESifh opfawmrsm;\ t&nftaoG;ESifh rsKd;quf&Sifoef&yfwnfa&;ojrefrmEkdifiHtygt0if urÇmwpfvTm;&Sd opfyifESifh opfawmrsm;\ t&nftaoG;ESifh rsKd;quf&Sifoef&yfwnfa&;ojrefrmEkdifiHtygt0if urÇmwpfvTm;&Sd opfyifESifh opfawmrsm;\ t&nftaoG;ESifh rsKd;quf&Sifoef&yfwnfa&;onfnfnfnfnfiSufrsm;tay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef; wnfrSDaevsuf&SdaMumif; opfawmOD;pD;Xme obm00ef;usifESifh om;iSufwd&pämefiSufrsm;tay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef; wnfrSDaevsuf&SdaMumif; opfawmOD;pD;Xme obm00ef;usifESifh om;iSufwd&pämefiSufrsm;tay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef; wnfrSDaevsuf&SdaMumif; opfawmOD;pD;Xme obm00ef;usifESifh om;iSufwd&pämefiSufrsm;tay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef; wnfrSDaevsuf&SdaMumif; opfawmOD;pD;Xme obm00ef;usifESifh om;iSufwd&pämefiSufrsm;tay:wGif 70 &mckdifEIef; wnfrSDaevsuf&SdaMumif; opfawmOD;pD;Xme obm00ef;usifESifh om;iSufwd&pämefxdef;odrf;a&;Xme cgumbkd&mZD trsKd;om;O,smOftkyfcsKyfa&;rSL; OD;odef;atmifu Zlvkdifv 18 &ufaeYu ajymMum;xdef;odrf;a&;Xme cgumbkd&mZD trsKd;om;O,smOftkyfcsKyfa&;rSL; OD;odef;atmifu Zlvkdifv 18 &ufaeYu ajymMum;xdef;odrf;a&;Xme cgumbkd&mZD trsKd;om;O,smOftkyfcsKyfa&;rSL; OD;odef;atmifu Zlvkdifv 18 &ufaeYu ajymMum;xdef;odrf;a&;Xme cgumbkd&mZD trsKd;om;O,smOftkyfcsKyfa&;rSL; OD;odef;atmifu Zlvkdifv 18 &ufaeYu ajymMum;xdef;odrf;a&;Xme cgumbkd&mZD trsKd;om;O,smOftkyfcsKyfa&;rSL; OD;odef;atmifu Zlvkdifv 18 &ufaeYu ajymMum;oGm;onf/oGm;onf/oGm;onf/oGm;onf/oGm;onf/

xkdaeYu jrefrmiSuf0goem&Siftoif;ESifh opfawmOD;pD;Xme obm00ef;usifESifh om;iSufwd&pämefxdef;odrf;a&;XmewkdY yl;aygif;pDpOfrIjzifh &efukefNrKdUjrefrmiSuf0goem&Siftoif;½kH;cef;üyxrOD;qkH;tBudrf zGifhvSpfaom iSufMunfhjcif; tajccHoifwef;trSwfpOf1^2004 wGif iSufrsm;ukd csOf;uyfenf;oifcef;pmoifMum;&if; ¤if;u txufygtwkdif; ajymMum;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/

iSufrsm;onf tyifrsKd;yGm;jcif;?0wfrIHul;jcif;? tif;qufrsm;ukd pm;ypfjcif;wkdYomru a*[aA'pepf (Ecology

System) jzpfwnfrItwGufyg rsm;pGmtusKd;jyKvsuf&SdaMumif;? yx0DESifh EkdifiHa&;t& EkdifiHtcsif;csif; e,fedrdwf ykdif;jcm;xm;aomfvnf; wpfzufEkdifiHwGifrdrdwkdYEkdifiHrS iSufrsm; &SdaeEkdifouJhokdYrdrdwkdYEkdifiHwGifvnf; wpfzufEkdifiHrSiSufrsm; &SdaeEkdifaMumif;? iSufrsm;ukdavhvm&mwGif EkdifiHpGJukdrMunfhbJ iSufrsm; aexkdifusufpm;vsuf&Sd&ma'oESifh&Sm;yg;iSufrsKd;pdwfrsm;jzpfygu {&d,mowfrSwfí umuG,fxdef;odrf;apmifha&Smuf&ef ta&;BuD;aMumif; ¤if;uqkdonf/

urÇmay:ü trsKd;tpm;cGJjcm;owfrSwfNyD; iSuf 9702 rsKd; &SdaMumif;?,if;wkdYteuf jrefrmEkdifiHtwGif; rSDwif;aexkdifusufpm;vsuf&Sdaom iSuftrsKd;tpm;aygif; 1066 rsKd; &SdaMumif;? usef&Sdonfh ouf&Sdrsm; aexkdifusufpm;jcif;rjyKEkdifonfh ukef;? a&? av ae&mokH;rsKd;pvkH;ay:wGif iSufrsm;u aexkdifusufpm;EkdifMuaMumif; &efukefwuúokdvfowåaA'XmerS wG Jzufygarmu©a'gufwmcifarmifaqGu oifwef;wGif

aqG;aEG;ajymMum;oGm;onf/tqkdygoifwef;wGif ZD0rsKd; uGJjym;

<u,f0rI? iSuftrsKd;tpm;cGJjcm;jcif;?iSufrsm;\ ykHoP²mefESifhtrltusifh?iSufMunfhrSefajymif;tokH;jyKenf;? iSufrsm; pm&if;aumuf,ljcif;? iSufrsm;ukdavhvmjcif;ESifh csOf;uyfjcif;? a&aysmfiSufrsm;taMumif;wkdYtm; opfawmOD;pD;Xme obm00ef;usifESifh om;iSufwd&pämefxdef;odrf;a&;Xme? &efukefwuúokdvfowåaA'XmeESifh jrefrmiSuf0goem&Sif

opfawmOD;pD;XmerS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD; oifwef;ykdYcsaepOfopfawmOD;pD;XmerS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD; oifwef;ykdYcsaepOfopfawmOD;pD;XmerS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD; oifwef;ykdYcsaepOfopfawmOD;pD;XmerS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD; oifwef;ykdYcsaepOfopfawmOD;pD;XmerS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD; oifwef;ykdYcsaepOf


toif;wkdYrS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifhynm&Sifrsm;u toif;½kH;cef;ESifhr*Fvm'kHNrKdUe,f avSmfum; obm0O,smOfwkdYü pmawGUvufawGUESpf&ufMum oifMum;ykdYcscJhMu onf/,if;oifwef;okdY iSuf 0goem&Sifrsm;?i S u f c s p f o l r s m ; ?iSufMunf h{nf hvrf;nTefrsm;?&efukefwuúokdvf? '*kHwuúokdvf ESifh&efukefta&SUykdif;wuúokdvfwkdY &SdowåaA'XmetoD;oD;rS iSuf ESifhpyfvsOf;onfh pmwrf;jyKpkaeMuolrsm; pkpkaygif; 36 OD; wufa&mufcJhMuonf/

]]iSufukd pdwf0ifpm;wJh tar&duefZeD;armifESHukd rkd;,Gef;BuD;tif; vkdufykdYcJh&wkef;u uRefawmf awmfawmfuav;'ku©a&mufcJhygw,f/ olwkdYu ukd,fhukdjyef&Sif;jyae&w,f/ ukd,fu em;axmif½kHoufouf jzpfaecJhw,f/ 'gawmifolwkdYESpfa,mufu iSufukd Professional

avhvmxm;wJholawG r[kwfMuao; bl;/ukd,fhukd,fukd,f tm;rvkdtm;r& jzpfaewkef;*sme,fawGrSm 'Doifwef; zGifhr,fqkdwmzwfvkduf&vkd Y pk Hprf;NyD;vmwufjzpfwmyg}}[k oifwef;om;wpfOD;jzpfol {nfhvrf;nTef vkyfukdifae onfhOD;aZmf0if;atmifu oifwef;wufa&muf&jcif; &nf&G,fcsufESifh pyfvsOf;NyD; Living Color okdY &Sif;jyonf/

EkdifiHjcm;{nfhonfrsm;teuf 80&mckdifEIef;cefYrSm jrefrmiSufrsm;ukd pdwf0ifpm;MuaMumif;? aus;vufa'orsm; wGifiSufrsm;ukd xdxda&mufa&mufOya'xkwfjyefNyD; umuG,fay;oifh aMumif;?jynfyEk difiHrsm;ü &Sm;yg;onfhpm&if;0ifiSufonf jrefrmEkdifiHü aygayg rsm;rsm;awGUae&ao;aMumif;ESifh oif wef;csdefukd,ckxufykdí wkd;csJUzGifhvSpf oifhaMumif;¤if;u tBuHjyK okH;oyf ajymMum;oGm;onf/

&efukefNrKdUESifh teD;qkH; iSufrsm;ukdavhvmEkdifonfh obm0ab;rJhO,smOfjzpfaom avSmfum;obm0O,smOfrSawmtkyfBuD;ESifh jycef;wm0efcH a':pef;pef;EG,fu iSufMunfhavhvmjcif;ESifh ywfoufí taysmfwrf; vma&mufMunfh½Iol?r[modyÜHESifh r[mokawoe usrf;jyKpk &efvma&mufavhvmolESifh okawoejyKvkyfol ynm&Sifrsm; ponfjzifh iSufMunfhavhvmoltrsKd;rsKd; &SdMuonfh teufokawoejyKvkyfol ynm&Sif OD;a&uykdrsm;aMumif;? iSufMunfhavhvmEkdifaomae&mrsm;ukd O,smOfrS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;u vkdufykdY&if; &Sif;vif;jyoay;vsuf&SdaMumif;? avSmfum;O,smOf twGif;iSufrsK d;pdwfaygif; 188 rsK d;cefYaexkdifusufpm;vsuf&SdNyD; iSuftrsKd;tpm;tvkduf ½kyfvkH;oGif;jyoxm;onfhiSufjywkdufukdyg zGifhvSpfxm;ojzifhavhvmokawoejyK&ef taumif;qkH;ae&mwpfckjzpfaMumif; &Sif;jyonf/

iSufukd ,ckrSpí avhvmjcif;jzpfaMumif;? iSuftaMumif;? iSufavhvm jcif;ESifhiSufESif hpyfvsOf;onfh tac:ta0:awGutp odvkdí oifwef;wufa&muf&jcif;jzpfaMumif;? wuúokdvf rsm;üiSuftaMumif;xuf vdyf jymESif h

tjcm;tif;qufrsm; taMumif;pmwrf;jyKpkolOD;a&u rsm;aMumif;ESifhyg&*lbGJUoifwef; txdiSufESif hpyfvsOf;NyD; aZmufcsavhvmokawoejyKoGm;&ef &nf&G,fxm;aMumif; &efukefta&SUykdif;wuúokdvf owåaAXmerS r[mokawoe bGJUvGefoifwef;olroD&da'0Datmifu qkdonf/ olronf iSufokdufzGJUpnf;ykHtaMumif;ESifhpyfvsOf;NyD; pmwrf;jyKpk&ef 'vNrKdUe,fü okawoejyKvkyfaeolwpfOD; jzpfonf/ tqkdygwuúokdvfrS

r[mokawoe oifwef;olwpfOD;jzpfolrnGefYa&Turl oifwef;rS iSufavhvmjcif;ESifhywfoufí A[kokw rsm;pGm&&SdaMumif;? ,cifu iSufMunfh&mwGiftokH;jyKonfh Binoculars (rSefajymif;) ukdyifrukdifcJhbl;aMumif;? ,ckoifwef;üuRrf;uRrf;usifusif ukd,fwkdiftokH;jyKwwfoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif; oifwef;wufa&muf&jcif; tusKd;aus;Zl;ESifhpyfvsOf;NyD;&Sif;jyonf/

tqkdygoifwef;ukd iSufuRrf;usifynm&SifESifh 0goem&Sifrsm; ay:xGef;vmap&ef? obm0ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufa&;ynmay;&ef? obm0tajccH c&D;oGm;vkyfief; zGHUNzKd;wkd;wuf ap&ef&nf&G,fzGifhvSpf&jcif;jzpfaMumif; ESifh ESpfpOfzGifhvSpfoGm;Ekdif&ef &nf&G,f xm;aMumif;toif;twGif;a&;rSL; OD;oufaZmfEkdifuqkdonf/

]]iSufuav;awGukd cspfcifMuifemwwfolwkdif;[m vlom;tcsif;csif;ukdvnf; cspfcifMuifemwwfolawG jzpfMuygw,f}}[k iSufcspfol oifwef;olwpfOD;u ajymMum;oGm;onf/


pmMunfUwkdufrsm;\ tcef;u@NzKd;0if;vwf ? xm;xm;jrifU

21 &mpk 21 &mpk 21 &mpk 21 &mpk 21 &mpk Globalization acwfwGif owif;tcsuftvufrsm;\ tokH;0ifrIwGifus,fvmonfESifhtrQ owif;acwfwGif owif;tcsuftvufrsm;\ tokH;0ifrIwGifus,fvmonfESifhtrQ owif;acwfwGif owif;tcsuftvufrsm;\ tokH;0ifrIwGifus,fvmonfESifhtrQ owif;acwfwGif owif;tcsuftvufrsm;\ tokH;0ifrIwGifus,fvmonfESifhtrQ owif;acwfwGif owif;tcsuftvufrsm;\ tokH;0ifrIwGifus,fvmonfESifhtrQ owif;tcsuftvuf okdavSmifodrf;qnf;jzefYjzL;&mjzpfaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm;\ tcef;u@ ykdrkdta&;ygvmygontcsuftvuf okdavSmifodrf;qnf;jzefYjzL;&mjzpfaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm;\ tcef;u@ ykdrkdta&;ygvmygontcsuftvuf okdavSmifodrf;qnf;jzefYjzL;&mjzpfaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm;\ tcef;u@ ykdrkdta&;ygvmygontcsuftvuf okdavSmifodrf;qnf;jzefYjzL;&mjzpfaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm;\ tcef;u@ ykdrkdta&;ygvmygontcsuftvuf okdavSmifodrf;qnf;jzefYjzL;&mjzpfaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm;\ tcef;u@ ykdrkdta&;ygvmygonf/f/f/f/f/orm;½kd;ustm;jzifh pmMunfhwkdufqkdonf pmtkyfrsm; okdavSmifxm;&Sd iSm;&rf;&mae&m[k wpfcsdefu rSwf,lcJhMuaomfvnf;orm;½kd;ustm;jzifh pmMunfhwkdufqkdonf pmtkyfrsm; okdavSmifxm;&Sd iSm;&rf;&mae&m[k wpfcsdefu rSwf,lcJhMuaomfvnf;orm;½kd;ustm;jzifh pmMunfhwkdufqkdonf pmtkyfrsm; okdavSmifxm;&Sd iSm;&rf;&mae&m[k wpfcsdefu rSwf,lcJhMuaomfvnf;orm;½kd;ustm;jzifh pmMunfhwkdufqkdonf pmtkyfrsm; okdavSmifxm;&Sd iSm;&rf;&mae&m[k wpfcsdefu rSwf,lcJhMuaomfvnf;orm;½kd;ustm;jzifh pmMunfhwkdufqkdonf pmtkyfrsm; okdavSmifxm;&Sd iSm;&rf;&mae&m[k wpfcsdefu rSwf,lcJhMuaomfvnf;,cktcg ajrykHrsm;? ,cktcg ajrykHrsm;? ,cktcg ajrykHrsm;? ,cktcg ajrykHrsm;? ,cktcg ajrykHrsm;? yef;csD? yef;ykuJhokdY tEkynmypönf;rsm;? rkdufc½kdzvif? aiGpuúL? wHqdyfacgif;rsm; xdef;odrf;xm;&Sdvmyef;csD? yef;ykuJhokdY tEkynmypönf;rsm;? rkdufc½kdzvif? aiGpuúL? wHqdyfacgif;rsm; xdef;odrf;xm;&Sdvmyef;csD? yef;ykuJhokdY tEkynmypönf;rsm;? rkdufc½kdzvif? aiGpuúL? wHqdyfacgif;rsm; xdef;odrf;xm;&Sdvmyef;csD? yef;ykuJhokdY tEkynmypönf;rsm;? rkdufc½kdzvif? aiGpuúL? wHqdyfacgif;rsm; xdef;odrf;xm;&Sdvmyef;csD? yef;ykuJhokdY tEkynmypönf;rsm;? rkdufc½kdzvif? aiGpuúL? wHqdyfacgif;rsm; xdef;odrf;xm;&Sdvmonfhtjyif uufqufaonfhtjyif uufqufaonfhtjyif uufqufaonfhtjyif uufqufaonfhtjyif uufqufacG? pD'D? AD'D,kdacG? 'DAD'DwkdYukdyg iSm;&rf;Ekdifaom ae&mjzpfonf[k t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdvmMuonf/cG? pD'D? AD'D,kdacG? 'DAD'DwkdYukdyg iSm;&rf;Ekdifaom ae&mjzpfonf[k t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdvmMuonf/cG? pD'D? AD'D,kdacG? 'DAD'DwkdYukdyg iSm;&rf;Ekdifaom ae&mjzpfonf[k t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdvmMuonf/cG? pD'D? AD'D,kdacG? 'DAD'DwkdYukdyg iSm;&rf;Ekdifaom ae&mjzpfonf[k t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdvmMuonf/cG? pD'D? AD'D,kdacG? 'DAD'DwkdYukdyg iSm;&rf;Ekdifaom ae&mjzpfonf[k t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdvmMuonf/


xkdUtjyif tqkdygypönf;rsm;xm;&Sdonfh taqmufttkHoufoufukdom pmMunfhwkduf[k rac:qkdawmhbJ Electronic

Resources rsm; okdrSD;xm;&m CD Rom rsm;ESifh tifwmeufrS0ifa&mufMunfh½IEk difaom Online Database rsm;ukdygpmMunfhwkdufrsm;tjzpf owfrSwfvmMuonf[k Wikipedia

Online pG,fpkHusrf;wGif azmfjyxm;onf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGifrlenf;ynm uefYowfcsufaMumifh orm;½kd;uspmMunhfwkduftrsKd;tpm;ukdom avhvmzwf½Iolrsm; wGifwGifus,fus,ftokH;jyKEkdifao;onfukd awGU&onf/

aemufcH0ef;usifvlom;rsm; pma&;wwfcgpuyif pmayypönf;rsm;ukd

xdef;odrf;okdrSD;xm;avh&SdMuaomfvnf; trsm;jynfolzwf½IEkdifaom Public Library ac: jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsKd;ukdrlbDpD 550 cefYu *&dbk&if ydqpfq&mwyfrS pwif wnfaxmifcJhonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGifrl yk*HacwfrwkdifrDuwnf;u usrf;*efpmaypkaqmif;odrf;qnf;rIrsm;&Sdaomfvnf; bmoma&;pmaytrsm;pkom yg0ifaomaMumifh yd#uwfwkduf[k ac:a0:cJhonf/ pmMunfhwkduf[laom a0g[m&ukdrl ukdvkdeDacwfa&mufrSpwif okH;pGJcJhonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrqkH;aom jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufukd 1883 ckESpf azazmf0g&Dv 21 &ufwGif0ef&Sifawmfrif;BuD; qmcsmvf;pftuf'Gyfbm;e'fu pwifwnfaxmifcJhNyD; bm;e'f tcrJhpmMunfhwkduf (Bernad Free

Library)tjzpf vlodrsm;cJhonf/1964 ckESpfwGif bm;e'fpmMunfhwkdufukd trsKd;om;

pmMunfhwkduftjzpf ajymif;vJac:a0:cJhNyD; 2002 ckESpf ZGefv17 &ufaeYrSpí ukefonfvrf;ESifh urf;em;vrf;Mum; ajcmufxyf½kH;rS ta&SUjrif;NyKdifuGif;vrf;ESifh av;a'gifhuefvrf;axmifhwGif tNrJwrf;ae&mtjzpfajymif;vJ zGifhvSpfcJhonf/

trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufwGif pmtkyfpkpkaygif; 7 odef; ausmf&SdNyD; jrefrmEkdifiHwGif pmtkyftrsm;qkH;ESifh tBuD;qkH;pmMunfhwkdufjzpfonf[k trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufrSL; OD;wifaqmifu qkdonf/ wuúokdvfrsm; A[kdpmMunfhwkduf\ pmMunfhwkdufrSL;(tNidrf;pm;) OD;aomfaumif;url ]]trsKd;om; pmMunfhwkdufvkd pmMunfhwkdufrsKd;uawmh pmtkyfiSm;

wJh pmMunfhwkdufrsKd;r[kwfbJ &nfnTef;pmMunfhwkduf trsKd;tpm;om jzpfygw,f}}[k ajymMum;onf/

0efaqmifrIrsm;pmMunfhwkduf0efaqmifrI trsKd;rsKd;&Sdonfhteuf pmtkyf

iSm;&rf;jcif;rSm t"du jzpfonf/ xkdYtjyif okawoDrsm;ESifhpmzwfy&dowfrsm;rS ar;jref;aom ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqkd&jcif;?usrf;jyKpkolrsm;twGuf vkdtyfaomtcsuftvufrsm; &SmazG&mwGif ulnD&jcif;? pmzwfolrsm; zwf½Iavhvmvkdaombmom&yfrsm;ESifh ywfoufaom pmtkyfpmwrf;rsm;ukd nTef;qkday;&jcif;? a&S;a[mif;aypm? yk&ykduf ponfwkdYukd t&SnfwnfwHhap&ef jyKjyifxdef;odrf;jcif;? Micro Film ? Scanner wkdYjzifhykH½kduful;jcif; ponfwkdYukdvnf; vkyfaqmif&aMumif; wuúokdvfrsm; A[kdpmMunfhwkduf\ vuf&Sd pmMunfhwkdufrSL; a':wifbkef;EG,fu &Sif;vif;ajymMum;onf/

tar&duefEkdifiH&Sd uGefu&ufvTwfawmfpmMunfhwkdufESifhNAdwdefEkdifiH&Sd NAdwdoQpmMunfhwkdufuJhokdYaom xif&Sm;onfhtrsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufrsm;rSmrl ¤if;wkdYEkdifiHxkwf pmtkyfrsm;tm;vkH;ukd pkaqmif;odrf;qnf;NyD; rlykdifcGifhtwGuf twnfjyKay;jcif;ESifh oufqkdif&mpmtkyftwGuf Code eHygwfESifh uwfwavmufeHygwf xkwfay;jcif;wkdYukd vkyfaqmifay;onf/EkdifiHjcm;bmomESifh ykHESdyfxkwfa0aompmtkyfrsm;wGif yg0ifavh&Sdonfh ISBN ESifh ISSN uJhokdYaom Code eHygwfrsm;ukdoufqkdif&mEkdifiHrsm;\ trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufrsm;rS owfrSwfay;avh &Sdonf/ tar&duefuGef*&uf vTwfawmfpmMunfhwkdufqdkvQif tar&duefEkdifiHwGif;omru tjcm;EkdifiHrsm;rS t*Fvdyf


bmomjzifh xkwfa0aompmtkyfrsm;twGuf pmMunfhwkdufokH;uwfwavmufykHpH jyKpkay;onf/ ,if;uwfwavmufukdtqkdygpmtkyfrsm;\a&SUwGif ½kdufESdyfazmfjyxm;avh &Sdonf/,if;ukd Library of Congress Cataloging In Publication

Data [k ac:onf/EkdifiHwumpmMunfhwkdufrsm;wGif ynm&Sifrsm;ukd zdwf

Mum;í ynm&yfqkdif&ma[majymyGJrsm;usif;yay;jcif;? Seminar ESifhtvkyf½kHaqG;aEG;yGJrsm; usif;yay;jcif;? jyyGJNyKdifyGJrsm;usif;yay;jcif;wkdYukdvnf; pmMunfhwkduf\0efaqmifrIwpf&yftjzpfus,fus,fjyefYjyefYjyKvkyfavh &Sdonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif oH½kH;pmMunfhwkdufrsm;jzpfaom NAdwdoQaumifpDpmMunfhwkdufwGifc&pörwf pmtkyfESifhaps;a&mif;yGJrsm; usif;yay;jcif;? tar&duefpifwm jyefMum;a&;XmepmMunfhwkdufwGif vlrIodyÜHbmom&yfrsm;ESifh ywfoufaom ynm&yfqkdif&m a[majymyGJrsm;usif;yay;jcif;? aeYpOf ½kyf&Sifjyoay;jcif;? jyifopfoH½kH;,Ofaus;rIXme pmMunfhwkdufwGif yef;csD? yef;ykjyyGJ? pifwifaw;*DwazsmfajzyGJrsm; usif;yay;jcif;wkdYjzifh pmMunfhwkduftoif;0ifrsm;ukd pdwf0ifpm;zG,f 0efaqmifrIrsm; ay;vsuf &Sdonf/

tokH;jyKMuykH pmzwfolwpfOD;taejzifh xGuforQ pmtkyftm;vkH;ukd

0,f,l&efrjzpfEkdifojzifh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;okdY oGm;a&muf&efvkdtyfrnfjzpfonf/ csrf;omoljzpfap? qif;&Joljzpfapausmif;om;rsm;? okawoejyKolrsm;ESifh vkyfom;jynfolrsm;onf pmMunfhwkdufukd ¤if;\ oD;jcm;vkdtyfcsufrsm; twGuftokH;jyKMuonf[k jrefrmEkdifiH pmMunfhwkduftoif;

owif;vTmwpfapmifwGif azmfjyxm;ygonf/trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufwGif pmwrf;a&;om;&eftwGuf

vma&mufaom urÇmat;Ak'¨bmom omoemhwuúokdvfpwkw¬ESpfoifwef;om; OD;oD&dEu ]]OD;Zif;uawmh ysLacwfAk'bmomeJYywfoufNyD; usrf;jyKpkzkdYtwGuf trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufrSm usrf;ukd;taxmuftxm; vm&Smwmyg/ vm&wma0;ayr,fh vkdcsifwJhtcsuftvufawG vG,fvG,feJY &SmawGUygw,f}}[k ajymMum;onf/

yk*¾vdu vli,fpmMunfhwkdufwpfckjzpfaom Ice Youth

pmMunfhwkdufukd tokH;jyKaeonfh touf 17 ESpft&G,f&SdarmifoefYukdukdvGifurl tar&duefwuúokdvf0ifcGifhpmar;yGJSAT pmtkyfrsm;ukd iSm;&rf;&eftwGuf pmMunfhwkdufokdY vma&mufonf[k qkdonf/

]]trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufrSm ppfrjzpfcifu owif;pmeJYr*¾Zif;awG&SdwmrkdY trItcif;udpöeJY aqGpOfrsKd;quftarGrI?ykdifqkdifrItaxmuftxm;awGukd 'DrSm vm&SmMuw,f/ taxmuftxm;ckdifvkHawmh trIEkdifzkdY rsm;wmaygh}}[k trsKd;om;pmMunfh wkdufrStrsKd;orD;0efxrf;wpfOD;u qkdygonf/

]]NAdwdoQaumifpDpmMunfhwkdufrSm pmvmzwfaewJholawGuawmh trsKd;rsKd;ygyJ/ vli,fawGqkd LCCI wkdY bmwkdYajzzkdY0ifwm &Sdw,f/ EkdifiHjcm;rSm Study vkyfzkdYtwGuf tajccH&atmif pmzwfzkdYvmwm&Sdw,f/ oli,fcsif;u0ifvkdY vkduf0ifwmrsKd;vnf; &Sdw,f/ 'gayr,fh pmMunfhwkdufrSm pmvmzwf&if;eJY olwkdYukd,fwkdifawmif rodvkdufbJ ynmA[kokwwkd;wufvmEkdifygw,f}}[k NAdwdoQaumifpDpmMunfhwkduf Li-

brary and Information refae*smjzpfol a':rkd;rkd;pkd;uajymMum;onf/

NAdwdoQaumifpDpmMunfhwkdufwGifpmtkyfrsm;omrubJ AD'D,kdacG? uufqufacG? 'DAD'DESifh pD'D&Grfrsm;yg iSm;&rf;Ek di fonf/ tqkdygAD'D,k dacGrsm;rSmNAdwdef EkdifiHrS wkduf½kdufrSm,ljcif;jzpfNyD; jyifyacGqkdifrsm;wGif vkH;0iSm;&rf;ír&Ekdif aMumif;,if;pmMunf hwk dufwGi f y k Hr Se fiSm;&rf;avh&SdolwpfOD;u qkdonf/

]]wcsKdUtpkd;&pmMunfhwkdufawGOyrmtm;jzifh AkdvfwaxmifrSm&SdwJh a&S;a[mif;jrefrmpmaya&;&mXme pmMunhfwkdufrsKd;rSmqkd&if AD'D,kdawG? uufquf


acGeJY pD'DtcsKdU&Sdayr,fh User awGukday; iSm;avhr&Sdbl;}}[k ¤if;u jznfhpGufajymMum;onf/

EkdifiHykdifpmMunfhwkdufrsm;tae jzifhpmtkyfiSm;&rf;&mwGif taxGtxl;jyóemr&Sdaomfvnf; ½kyfoHypönf;rsm;ukd pkd;&drfBuD;pGmjzifh iSm;&rf;rI uefYowfxm;aomaMumifh ½kyfoHypönf;rsm;ukdiSm;&rf;vkdaom pmzwfolrsm;taejzifhoH½kH;pmMunfhwkdufrsm;wGifom iSm;&rf;aeonfukd awGU&Sd&onf/

jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd EkdifiHykdifpmMunfhwkdufrsm;wGif pmzwfol enf;&jcif;ukdpma&;q&mr*sL;u 2001 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dvxkwf pmtkyfavmur*¾Zif;wGif ]pmMunfhwkdufESifh bmaMumifh a0;&ovJ} [lonfh trnfjzifhaqmif;yg;wpfyk'f a&;om;azmfjycJhonf/ tqkdygaqmif;yg;wGif EkdifiHykdifpmMunfhwkdufrsm;ü pmtkyfukd ukd,fwkdif&SmcGifhr&bJ uwfwavmufjzifhom &SmcGifh&jcif;? uwfwavmuftokH;jyKí pmtkyf&Sm&mwGif txl;ojzifh jrefrmbmomjzifhpmtkyf&Sm&mü tvGefcufcJjcif;? aemufqkH;ay:pmtkyftopfrsm;jznfhqnf;EkdifrI tm;enf;jcif;? tvkd&Sdaompmtkyfukd vkdonfhtcsdefwGif &&efrvG,fuljcif;wkdYaMumifh pmzwfy&dowfrsm;taejzifh EkdifiHykdif pmMunfhwkdufrsm;ukd tokH;jyKrI enf;yg;vmonf[k azmfjyxm;onf/

]]wpfcgwavqkd&if pmtkyfpifxJoGm;NyD; pmtkyfaemufzkH;eJY rmwdumawGukd jrnf;prf;zwfMunfhNyD;rS tJ'Dpmtkyfukdzwfoifhroifh qkH;jzwf&wm? uwfwavmufeJY &Sm&wmtqifrajyygbl;/ 'gaMumifh ukd,fwkdif0ifMunfhvkdY&wJh pmMunfhwkdufawGrSmyJ iSm;jzpfygw,f}}[k NAdwdoQaumifpDpmMunfhwkdufwGif pmtkyfiSm;&rf;avh&Sdol *sme,ft,f'DwmwpfOD;uqkdonf/

yk*¾vdupmMunfhwkdufrsm;2002 ckESpfwGif pmMunfhwkdufynm 'DyvkdrmbGJUtwGuf

usrf;jyKpkcJhaom a'gufwmcspfarmifpmMunfhwkdufrS pmMunfhwkdufrSL;jzpfol a':tefembmb&marmif\usrf;wGif &efukefNrKdU&Sd yk*¾vdupmMunfhwkduf 15 cktaMumif; azmfjycJhonf/jrefrmEkdifiHwGif pmay0goemygolrsm;u ukd,fykdifpmMunfhwkdufaxmifonfh tpOftvm&SdcJh&m &mru&d&Serpf&SifuJhokdY

ausmfMum;onfh yk*¾vdupmMunfhwkdufrsKd; ay:aygufcJhonf/ppfBuKdacwfwGif yJa&mh½kyf&Sifvkyfief;ykdif&Sif OD;qefeDu yJa&mhpmMunfhwkdufukd wnfaxmifcJhNyD; xkdpmMunfhwkdufwGif pmzwfolrsm;taejzifh rdrdESpfouf&mpmtkyfukd tykdif,laqmifoGm;&efcGifhay;cJhojzifh yk*¾vdupmMunfhwkduf wnfaxmifrIwGif wpfenf;wpfzkH qef;opfwDxGifcJhonf[k qkdEkdifonf/ okdY&mwGifpmMunfhwkduf\ b@ma&;udpöt&yf&yfukd OD;qefeDwpfOD;wnf;uom wm0ef,lcJh&ojzifh Mum&SnfrwnfwHhcJhyg/

a'gufwmcspfarmifpmMunfhwkdufrS pmMunfhwkdufrSL;a':tefembmb&marmifu rdrdwkdYpmMunfhwkduf\ t"duvkdtyfaom axmufyHhrItcsKdUukd tar&duefEkdifiH&Sd bmoma&;ESifh vlrIa&;tzGJUtpnf;tcsKdUxHrS &onf[k qkdonf/

vli,fpmMunfhwkdufwpfckjzpfonfh Ice Youth qkdvQiftar&duefEkdifiH&Sd Myanmar Youth Association (USA) rSpmtkyfpmwrf;rsm; vSL'gef;aMumif; wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;uajymMum;onf/

EkdifiHausmfpma&;q&myg&*luvnf; ¤if;\&SefudedauwefpmMunfhwkdufukd wnfaxmif&mwGif rdrdykdifpmtkyfrsm;omrujynfwGif;jynfyapwem&Sifrsm; tultnDukdyg,lí wnfaxmifoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; xkwfazmfajymMum;onf/

okdY&mwGif 0g&ifhpmMunfhwkdufynm&SifwpfOD;jzpfaomOD;aomfaumif;url EkdifiHwumwGif yk*¾vdupmMunfhwkdufrsm;twGuf vkdtyfaom&efykHaiGukd tqkdygpmMunfhwkdufrsm;&Sd&ma'orS aumufcH&&Sdaom tcGefaiGrsm;jzifh axmufyhHay;avh&Sdonf[k qkdonf/


Ice Youth pmMunfhwkduftm; vkdtyfaom tBuHÓPfrsm;ESifh vrf;nTefrIrsm;ay;aeonfh Organizer tzGJU0ifwpfOD;jzpfol Mentor Business Management Consultancy rS Course

Director OD;oef;xG#fu ]]uRefawmfwkdYukd EkdifiHjcm;u Donor upmtkyfawG tvum;ay;r,f/ 'gayr,fh oabFmp&dwfuukd,fhbmomukd uscH&r,fayghaemf/ tvSL&SifbufuMunfh&ifa':vmaxmifaomif;csDwJhpmtkyfawG vSLxm;NyD;NyDjzpfwJhtwGuf oabFmp&dwfukd ukd,fhbmomukd,f wm0ef,lapcsifMuw,f/ oabFmp&dwfukduvnf; a':vmaxmifcsDawmhuRefawmfwkdY tJ'DpmtkyfawG r&vkdufygbl;}}[k ajymMum;onf/

Ice Youth pmMunfhwkdufrSm pmtkyfiSm;&rf;cay;í okH;pGJ&NyD; pmMunfhwkduf zGifhvSpf&efae&mukd arwåmjzifh ulnDay;onfqkdjim;vnf; pmtkyfopfrsm; 0,f,ljznfhwif;&efvkHavmufaom&efykHaiG r&&SdEkdif[k OD;oef;xG#fu jznfhpGufajymMum;onf/

oH½kH;pmMunfhwkdufwpfckjzpfaom tar&duefpifwmonfyifvQif pmzwfolrsm;twGuf tvGeftokH;0ifaom ITenf;ynmqkdif&mpmtkyfrsm;ukdyif vkHavmufatmifrSm,l&efrvG,fvS[k tar&duefpifwmrS pmMunfhwkdufrSL;jzpfoluqkdonf/

]]'Dukdcsay;wJh&efykHaiGu 0,fr,fhpmtkyfawGukd pm&if;wifNyD; oabmwlrS csay;wmjzpfawmh IT pmtkyfawG wifcsifayr,fhvnf; &efykHaiGcGifhjyKcsuf&zkdY tawmfBuKd;pm;&w,f}}[k¤if;u qufvufajymqkdonf/

pmMunfUwkdufESifU vlom;t&if;tjrpfzGG H YpmMunfUwkdufESifU vlom;t&if;tjrpfzGG H YpmMunfUwkdufESifU vlom;t&if;tjrpfzGG H YpmMunfUwkdufESifU vlom;t&if;tjrpfzGG H YpmMunfUwkdufESifU vlom;t&if;tjrpfzGG H Y NzKd;a&;NzKd;a&;NzKd;a&;NzKd;a&;NzKd;a&;pmMunfhwkdufrsm;wGif pmtkyfrsm;ukd pkaqmif;odrf;qnf;

xm;onfrSm pmzwfolrsm;twGuf pmtkyfiSm;&rf;ay;&efom

jzpfojzifh pmtkyfrsm; a&&SnfwnfwHha&;twGufukdom a&S;½INyD;pmtkyfiSm;&rf;rItay: uefYowfrnfqkdygu pmMunfhwkdufjzpfrvmbJ armfuGef;wkduf[kom ac:qkdEkdifrnfjzpfaMumif;OD;aomfaumif;u okH;oyfajymqkdonf/ ,if;udpöESifh ywfoufí ppfat;acwftwGif; tiftm;MuD;EkdifiHwpfckrS urÇmausmfacgif;aqmifwpfOD;u jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm; *kPf,l&rnfhtcsufrSm vGefpGm &Sm;yg;aompmtkyfrsm;&Sdjcif; r[kwf?jynfolvlxkokdY pmtkyfrsm; rnfrQ xda&mufpGm ysHUESHYa&muf&Sdatmif jyKvkyfay;Ekdifjcif;yifjzpfonf[k ajymMum;cJhzl;onf/xkdYaMumifh pmMunfhwkdufynm&SiftcsKdUu jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufonf vlrIa&;vkyfief;wpf&yfyifjzpfonf[k ,lqMuonf/

]]pmtkyfwpftkyfukd wpfa,mufyJzwf&if wpfa,mufyJodr,f/ trsm;zwf&if trsm;odr,f/ aysmufrSm? NyJrSmaMumufvkdY zwfcGifhrjyK&if b,folrS rodbl;/ zwfwJhvlrsm;vkdYNyJ&ifNyJoGm;yavhap 'gayr,fh pmtkyfxJrSm yg0ifwJh todynmukd&NyD; 'DynmeJY BuKd;pm;vkyfukdifvkdY ukd,fhEkdifiH&JU vlrIa&;? pD;yGm;a&;wkd;wufvm&if 'DvkdpmtkyfrsKd; wpfoef;rujyef0,fEkdifw,f/ pmtkyfqkdwmuawmh ocFg&oabmt&ysufpD;rSmyJ/ ysufpD;rSmpkd;vkdY 'DpmtkyfBuD; Material BuD;ukd AD½kdxJxnfhNyD;odrf;xm;wm rjzpfoifhbl;/ tokH;csyg/ vlu ykdNyD;wefzkd;&Sdygw,f}}[k Ice Youth pmMunfhwkduf\Organizer

OD;oef;xG#fu ¤if;\tjrifukd jynfhpkHpGm &Sif;jyonf/pmMunfhwkdufrsm;wGif vl0ifvlxGufrsm;onfhtavsmuf

trsm;qkH; BuKHawGU&onfhjyóemrSm pmtkyfrsm; aysmufqkH;jcif;yif jzpfonf/ a&S;a[mif; jrefrmpmaya&;&mXmeqkdvQifpwifzGifhvSpfNyD; &ufowåywf tenf;i,fcefYtwGif;wGifyifpmtkyftaysmuft&Srsm; &Sdonf[k 0efxrf;wpfOD;u ajymqkdcJhzl;onf/

tar&duefpifwmrS pmMunfhwkdufrSL;u pmMunfhwkdufpnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;wGif pmtkyfaysmufygu wefzkd; ay;avsmf

&rnfjzpfaomfvnf; EkdifiHjcm;pmtkyfrsm;\wefzkd;ukdjrefrmrsm;taeESifh ay;avsmf&efrSm tcuftcJ&Sdaom

aMumifh wpfcgwpf&H rdrdwkdYrS em;vnfay;ygaMumif;ajymMum;onf/ &efukefwuúokdvf pmMunfh

wkdufrSL;tjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhaomq&mOD;odef;[ef(aZmf*sD)u pmMunfhwkdufwpfckwGif pmtkyfta&twGuf tm;vkH;\

5 &mckdifEIef;txd qkH;½IH;rIrSm ykHrSefomjzpfonf[k ajymMum;cJhzl;onf/

trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkduf ykHpHi,ftrsKd;om;pmMunfhwkduf ykHpHi,ftrsKd;om;pmMunfhwkduf ykHpHi,ftrsKd;om;pmMunfhwkduf ykHpHi,ftrsKd;om;pmMunfhwkduf ykHpHi,f


pmMunfhwkdufpDrHcefYcGJrIaumif;aomtar&duefEkdifiHwGifyifvQif wpfESpfvQifpmMunfhwkdufrsm;&Sd pmtkyftm;vkH;rSm 2.5&mckdifEIef; qkH;½IH;rI&SdaMumif; Encarta

pG,fpkHusrf;wGif azmfjyxm;onf/ pmMunfhwkduf\pmtkyfrsm; qkH;½IH;rIrSm ckd;,lcH&jcif;wkdYaMumifhomru pkwfNyJysufpD;ívnf; qkH;½IH;Ekdifygonf/ xkdYaMumifh vlBuKdufrsm;onfhpmtkyfqkdvQif pmMunfhwkdufrsm;taejzifh tkyfa& ykdrkdxm;Mujcif;?pmzwfolrsm;udk tcsdeftuefYtowftwkdif;twmwpfcktwGif;üom iSm;&rf;cGifhay;jcif;wkdYjzifh umuG,fwwfMuaMumif;tqkdygpG,fpkHusrf;wGif azmfjyxm;onf/

pmMunfUwkdufrsm;ESifU tokH;jyKolrsm;pmMunfUwkdufrsm;ESifU tokH;jyKolrsm;pmMunfUwkdufrsm;ESifU tokH;jyKolrsm;pmMunfUwkdufrsm;ESifU tokH;jyKolrsm;pmMunfUwkdufrsm;ESifU tokH;jyKolrsm;tajctaetajctaetajctaetajctaetajctae

i,f&G,folvli,frsm;onf aomif;ausmfwef0wfpkHwpfpkHukd 0,f0wf&ef vufrwGefYaomfvnf; ig;axmifausmfrQom usoifhaom pmMunfhwkduf\ toif;0ifaMu;ukdrlay;oGif;csifpdwf enf;yg;onf[k pmMunfhwkdufwm0efcHwpfOD;uqkdonf/

Ice Youth pmMunfhwkdufwGif vma&mufzwf½Ioltrsm;pkrSm touf 16 ESpfrS 30 t&G,f vli,frsm;jzpfNyD;trsm;pkrSm EkdifiHjcm;wuúokdvf0ifcGifh pmar;yGJvrf;nTefpmtkyfrsm;ukd iSm;&rf;&ef trsm;qkH; vma&mufjcif;jzpfonf[k,if;pmMunfhwkdufrS r&nfrGefOD;u qkdonf/

EkdifiHjcm;wuúokdvf0ifcGifh pmar;yGJvrf;nTefpmtkyfrsm;rSvGJí iSm;&rf;rItrsm;qkH; pmtkyfrsm;rSm [Jrif;a0;uJhokdYaomvG,fulonfh t*Fvdyf0w¬Krsm;ESifh wufusrf;pmayrsm;jzpfNyD;tcsKdUpmtkyfrsm;rSm wpfrsKd;wnf;ukd 3? 4 tkyfcefY xm;ay;&onftxd iSm;&rf;rIrsm;onf[kvnf; olru ajymMum;onf/

okdY&mwGif pG,fpkHusrf;rsm;ESifh bmom&yfqkdif&m pmayrsm;ukd oD;jcm;avhvmolenf;yg;ao;aMumif;? rdrdwkdY pmMunfhwkdufü pG,fpkHusrf;rsm; xm;&Sdaomfvnf; zwf½IrIr&Sdí onftwkdif;om xm;&Sd&aMumif; r&nfrGefOD;u qkdonf/

pmMunfhwkduf\ wnfae&mrSmvnf; pmMunfhwkdufokdYvma&mufpmzwfaom pmzwfy&dowfrsm;tay:wGif oufa&mufrI&Sdygonf/ tar&duefpifwm pmMunfhwkdufonftoif;0ifaygif; 11000 ausmf&Sdí jrefrmEkdifiHwGif toif;0if

trsm;qkH; jyifypmMunfhwkduf[k qkdEkdifaomfvnf; toif;0if6000 ausmf&Sdaom NAdwdoQaumifpDrSmuJhokdY NrKdUv,faumifwGif zGifhvSpfxm;jcif;r[kwfojzifh pmzwfolrsm; vma&mufrIrrsm;aMumif; od&onf/ NAdwdoQaumifpD pmMunfhwkdufwGifwpfaeYvQif pmtkyfiSm;olaygif; 700 rS 800 cefYtxd &Sdwwfaomfvnf; tar&duefpifwmwGifrl 200 rS 300 cefYom &SdwwfaMumif; awGU&onf/

ynmwefaqmif vpOfxkwfynma&;r*¾Zif; t,f'DwmtzGJU0ifwpfOD;url ]]jywkdufwkdY? armfuGef;wkdufwkdYusawmhtzkd;wefypönf;awG tckd;cH&rSm? rD;avmif&if jywkdufukdygrD;ul;cH&rSmpdk;vkdY NrKdUjyifvkd vlae&yfuGufrSm xm;Muw,f/'gayr,fh pmMunfhwkdufawGuawmh vlxkeJY eD;wJhae&mrSmjzpfoifhwmaygh}} [k okH;oyfajymqkdygonf/

vlpnfum;aomausmif;? Shopping Center rsm;teD;wGif pmMunfhwkdufrsm; xm;&Sdjcif;jzifh pmzwfolrsm; ykdrkdvma&mufaMumif; OD;aomfaumif;u axmufcHajymqkdygonf/q&myg&*lurl ¤if;taejzifh &SefudedauwefpmMunfhwkdufukda&TayguúHNrKdUopfwGif wnfaqmuf&jcif;rSm NrKdUwGif;ü wnfaqmufygu aiGaMu;ukefusrIrsm;jym;ojzifh pmMunfhwkduftwGuf vkdtyfaom pmtkyfpmwrf;rsm; 0,f,lrI avsmhoGm;rnfpkd;ojzifhjzpfaMumif; ajymqkdygonf/

a'gufwmcspfarmif pmMunfhwkdufukd BuKdUukef; 1 vrf;?ta&SUBuKdUukef;ü zGifhvSpfxm;jcif;ESifhywfoufí pmMunfh


wkdufrSL; a':tefembmb&marmifu]]pmMunfhwkdufae&mtwGufu tcktqifajyaew,f/ ajrae&ma&m?taqmufttkHa&mu tbkd;jzpfola'gufwmcspfarmifu vSLcJhwm/ aemufwpfae&majymif;&ifvnf; ukefusp&dwfvnf; &Sdr,f? tckvkdvnf; vG,fvG,fulul pmMunfhwkdufwm0efukd ,lzkdYtqifrajyawmhbl;aygh}}[k &Sif;jyygonf/ a':tefembmb&marmifrSmpmMunfhwkduf&Sdaom NcH0if;us,fBuD;xJwGifyif oD;jcm;tdrfESifh aexkdifol jzpf onf/ta0;rSvm&aom pmzwfolrsm; twGufukdrlpmemaxmufxm;aomtm; jzifh pmtkyfukdwpfcgiSm;vQif wpfviSm;&rf;ay;avh&SdaMumif;vnf; ¤if;u qufvufajymMum;onf/

jynfolrsm; pmMunfhwkdufukd tokH;jyKvkdpdwf&Sdvmatmif?pmzwfcsifvmatmif pnf;½kef;odrf;oGif;&efrSm pmMunfhwkdufrsm;\ wm0efyifjzpfonf/ trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkduf\pmMunfhwkdufrSL; OD;wifaqmifu ,ck topfwnfaqmufaeaom trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufwGif teD;tem;ywf0ef;usifrSuav;rsm;ukd pmMunfhwkdufESifh &if;ESD;rI&ap&ef &nf&G,fíuav;rsm; ESpfoufaom AD'D,kdum;rsm;? umwGef;rsm; jyoay;aMumif; ajymMum;onf/ a'gufwmcspfarmif pmMunfhwkdufrS pmMunhfwkdufrSL; a':tefembmb&marmifuvnf;¤if;wkdYpmMunfhwkdufwGif uav;rsm;ukd AD'D,kdjyojcif;?aEG&moDwGif t*FvdyfpmoifMum;ay;jcif;ESifh ykHqGJoifay;jcif;?pmzwfpGrf;&nfNyKdifyGJrsm; jyKvkyfay;jcif; tpDtpOfrsm; &Sdonf[k qkdonf/ vlBuD;rsm;ukdrl pmzwf0goemygatmif? pmMunfhwkdufESifh &if;ESD;rI&atmif vkyf&onfrSm rvG,fulojzifh

oif,lwwfajrmufpGrf;&nfjrifhrm;aom uav;rsm;ukd pmMunfhwkdufESifh&if;ESD;atmif vkyfaqmifrSomvQif ,if;uav;rsm;BuD;jyif;vmaomtcg pmzwf0goemygvmrnf jzpfaMumif; jznfhpGufajymMum;onf/

pmMunfUwkdufrsm;\ tem*wfpmMunfUwkdufrsm;\ tem*wfpmMunfUwkdufrsm;\ tem*wfpmMunfUwkdufrsm;\ tem*wfpmMunfUwkdufrsm;\ tem*wf,aeYacwfwGif IT enf;ynmrsm; wkd;wufrIaMumifh

pmayypönf;rsm;ukd ,cifuuJhokdY pmtkyfykHpHjzifhomruCD-Rom? Online E-Library System ponfwkdYjzifh wpfpwpfpul;ajymif;okdrSD;vmMuonfukd awGU&onf/ tar&duef&SduGef*&ufvTwfawmf pmMunfhwkduf&Sd pmtkyftm;vkH;ukdtDvufx&Gefepfpepfjzifh zwf½IEkdifatmif ajymif;vJrIrsm;vkyf aqmifaeonfrSmyif tawmfc&D;aygufcJhNyDjzpfonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkduf? wuúokdvfrsm; A[kdpmMunfhwkdufESifh a&S;a[mif;jrefrmpmaya&;&mXmewkdYrS a&S;a[mif; aypm?yk&ykdufpm? owif;pm? r*¾Zif;rsm;ukd rk dufu½kdzvif½kduful;a&;vkyfief; aqmif&GufaeonfrSmvnf; EkdifiHwumpmMunfhwkdufrsm;twkdif; pmayt&if;tjrpfrsm; t"GefY&SnfpGmwnfwHha&;twGuf tm;xkwfrIyif jzpfonf/

Wikipedia pG,fpkHusrf;\ t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdcsufukdyifxyfrHukd;um;&ygvQif tem*wfwGif pmMunfhwkduf[lonfht"dyÜm,fukd pmayypönf;rsm; xdef;odrf;xm;&Sd&m iSm;&rf;&mtaqmufttkH[k zGifhqkdygu jynfhpkHrnfr[kwfbJ pmayt&if; tjrpfrsm;pkaqmif;xm;onfhpepf odkYr[kwf taqmufttkH [komt"dyÜm,fzGifh&rnfjzpfygonf/ rnfokdYyifjzpfap ,if;pepfBuD;jzpfay:vma&;rSm orm;½kd;uspmtkyfrsm;ESifh pmayt&if;tjrpfrsm;tay:wGifyif tajccHrnfum; rvGJyifjzpfonf/

NzKd;0if;vwf ? xm;xm;jrifhNzKd;0if;vwf ? xm;xm;jrifhNzKd;0if;vwf ? xm;xm;jrifhNzKd;0if;vwf ? xm;xm;jrifhNzKd;0if;vwf ? xm;xm;jrifh


]]pmMunfUwkdufeJh armfuGef;wkduf a&maeovkd rjzpfzkdh vkdygw,f}}(wuúokdvfrsm; A[kdpmMunfUwkduf? tNidrf;pm; pmMunfUwkdufrSL;

OD;aomfaumif;ESifU awGYqkHjcif;)

NzKd;0if;vwf

LC : pmMunfhwkduf&JU t"duwm0efu bmawGygvJ/pmMunfhwkduf&JU t"duwm0efu bmawGygvJ/pmMunfhwkduf&JU t"duwm0efu bmawGygvJ/pmMunfhwkduf&JU t"duwm0efu bmawGygvJ/pmMunfhwkduf&JU t"duwm0efu bmawGygvJ/TK : pmMunfhwkduf&JU t"duwm0efuawmh ynmjzefYjzL;zkdYygyJ/ pmMunfhwkdufu t"du av;rsKd; &Sdygw,ff/jynfolvlxkeJY t"du oufqkdifwmuawmh Public Library

vkdYac:wJh jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsKd; jzpfw,f/ ausmif;pmMunfhwkduf? wuúokdvf aumvdyfpmMunfhwkdufawGuawmhoufqkdif&mausmif;om;awGtwGuf t"du &nf&G,fygw,f/

trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufvkdrsKd;usawmh pmtkyfiSm;zkdYxufpmtkyfpkaqmif;odrf;qnf;zkdY t"du tm;oefw,f/ &nfnTef;pmMunfhwkduf Reference Library rsKd;aygh/LC : pmMunfhwkdufrSL;wpfa,muf&JU tcef;u@upmMunfhwkdufrSL;wpfa,muf&JU tcef;u@upmMunfhwkdufrSL;wpfa,muf&JU tcef;u@upmMunfhwkdufrSL;wpfa,muf&JU tcef;u@upmMunfhwkdufrSL;wpfa,muf&JU tcef;u@uaum b,fvkd&SdoifhovJ/aum b,fvkd&SdoifhovJ/aum b,fvkd&SdoifhovJ/aum b,fvkd&SdoifhovJ/aum b,fvkd&SdoifhovJ/TK : pmMunfhwkdufrSL;awGtaeeJYvnf; pmayukd avhvmoifhygw,f/ pmMunfhwkdufrSm vmNyD;ynm&SmolawGukd vkdtyfvQif ulnDEkdifatmif pmzwfxm;&r,f/ pHjypmMunfhwkdufwpfckrSmqkd&if Reference Librarian vkdYac:wJh &nfnTef;pmMunfhwkdufrSL; tenf;qkH; wpfa,mufxm;&Sd&ygw,f/ pmzwfolawG odvkdwJh &nfnTef;tcsuftvufawGukd ajzay;EkdifzkdYtwGufyg/ jrefrmEkdifiHrSm vuf&Sd &SdaewJh &nfnTef;pmMunfhwkdufrSL;ta&twGuf[m vkHavmufw,fvkdYawmh rajymEkdifao;ygbl;/LC : pmMunhfwkdufawGtwGuf vkHavmufwJhbwf*sufpmMunhfwkdufawGtwGuf vkHavmufwJhbwf*sufpmMunhfwkdufawGtwGuf vkHavmufwJhbwf*sufpmMunhfwkdufawGtwGuf vkHavmufwJhbwf*sufpmMunhfwkdufawGtwGuf vkHavmufwJhbwf*sufukdukdukdukdukdb,fvkd&EkdifrvJ/b,fvkd&EkdifrvJ/b,fvkd&EkdifrvJ/b,fvkd&EkdifrvJ/b,fvkd&EkdifrvJ/TK : rsm;aomtm;jzifh EkdifiHjcm;rSmuawmh a'otvkduf&xm;wJh tcGefawGukd tJ'Da'orSm&SdwJh pmMunfhwkdufawGukdcGJa0ay;avh &Sdw,f/ txl;ojzifh puif'Dae;AD;,ef;EkdifiHawGjzpfwJh qGD'if? aemfa0eJY 'def;rwfvkd EkdifiHrsKd;awGrSm 'Dpepfukd wGifwGifus,fus,f okH;aeMuw,f/ wcsKdU EkdifiHjcm;pmMunfhwkdufawGqkd&ifvnf; pmMunfhwkdufvkyfief;uaeyJ

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif aA'gvrf;qkdvQif q&maZmf*sDESifh cGJjcm;ír&aumif;ouJhokdY pmMunfhwkdufESifhywfoufvQifjrefrmEkdifiHwGif aA'gvrf;qkdvQif q&maZmf*sDESifh cGJjcm;ír&aumif;ouJhokdY pmMunfhwkdufESifhywfoufvQifjrefrmEkdifiHwGif aA'gvrf;qkdvQif q&maZmf*sDESifh cGJjcm;ír&aumif;ouJhokdY pmMunfhwkdufESifhywfoufvQifjrefrmEkdifiHwGif aA'gvrf;qkdvQif q&maZmf*sDESifh cGJjcm;ír&aumif;ouJhokdY pmMunfhwkdufESifhywfoufvQifjrefrmEkdifiHwGif aA'gvrf;qkdvQif q&maZmf*sDESifh cGJjcm;ír&aumif;ouJhokdY pmMunfhwkdufESifhywfoufvQifvvvvvnf;nf;nf;nf;nf;OD;aomfaumif;ESifh cGJjcm;í&rnfr[kwfyg/ ,aeYacwfwGif pmMunfhwkduf\ wkd;wufajymif;vJvmaom rsufESmpmrsm;?OD;aomfaumif;ESifh cGJjcm;í&rnfr[kwfyg/ ,aeYacwfwGif pmMunfhwkduf\ wkd;wufajymif;vJvmaom rsufESmpmrsm;?OD;aomfaumif;ESifh cGJjcm;í&rnfr[kwfyg/ ,aeYacwfwGif pmMunfhwkduf\ wkd;wufajymif;vJvmaom rsufESmpmrsm;?OD;aomfaumif;ESifh cGJjcm;í&rnfr[kwfyg/ ,aeYacwfwGif pmMunfhwkduf\ wkd;wufajymif;vJvmaom rsufESmpmrsm;?OD;aomfaumif;ESifh cGJjcm;í&rnfr[kwfyg/ ,aeYacwfwGif pmMunfhwkduf\ wkd;wufajymif;vJvmaom rsufESmpmrsm;?pmMunfhwkduf\ tcef;u@rsm;ESifh 21 &mpktwGuf pmMunfhwkdufta&;ygykHwkdYukd od&Sd&ef OD;aomfaumif;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;pmMunfhwkduf\ tcef;u@rsm;ESifh 21 &mpktwGuf pmMunfhwkdufta&;ygykHwkdYukd od&Sd&ef OD;aomfaumif;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;pmMunfhwkduf\ tcef;u@rsm;ESifh 21 &mpktwGuf pmMunfhwkdufta&;ygykHwkdYukd od&Sd&ef OD;aomfaumif;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;pmMunfhwkduf\ tcef;u@rsm;ESifh 21 &mpktwGuf pmMunfhwkdufta&;ygykHwkdYukd od&Sd&ef OD;aomfaumif;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;pmMunfhwkduf\ tcef;u@rsm;ESifh 21 &mpktwGuf pmMunfhwkdufta&;ygykHwkdYukd od&Sd&ef OD;aomfaumif;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;xm;onfrsm;rS aumufEkwfazmfjyvkdufygonf/xm;onfrsm;rS aumufEkwfazmfjyvkdufygonf/xm;onfrsm;rS aumufEkwfazmfjyvkdufygonf/xm;onfrsm;rS aumufEkwfazmfjyvkdufygonf/xm;onfrsm;rS aumufEkwfazmfjyvkdufygonf/


0ifaiGjyef&atmif Rental Library taeeJY pmtkyfiSm;c aumufw,f/ 'Du yk*¾vdu pmtkyftiSm;qkdifav;awGvkdrsKd;aygh/LC : pmMunfhwkdufawGtaeeJY &Sm;yg;NyD; wefzkd;&SdwJhpmMunfhwkdufawGtaeeJY &Sm;yg;NyD; wefzkd;&SdwJhpmMunfhwkdufawGtaeeJY &Sm;yg;NyD; wefzkd;&SdwJhpmMunfhwkdufawGtaeeJY &Sm;yg;NyD; wefzkd;&SdwJhpmMunfhwkdufawGtaeeJY &Sm;yg;NyD; wefzkd;&SdwJhpmtkyfawGukd aysmufvnf;raysmuf? zwfcsifolawGvnf;pmtkyfawGukd aysmufvnf;raysmuf? zwfcsifolawGvnf;pmtkyfawGukd aysmufvnf;raysmuf? zwfcsifolawGvnf;pmtkyfawGukd aysmufvnf;raysmuf? zwfcsifolawGvnf;pmtkyfawGukd aysmufvnf;raysmuf? zwfcsifolawGvnf;zwf&atmif b,fvkdvkyfay;&if aumif;rvJ/zwf&atmif b,fvkdvkyfay;&if aumif;rvJ/zwf&atmif b,fvkdvkyfay;&if aumif;rvJ/zwf&atmif b,fvkdvkyfay;&if aumif;rvJ/zwf&atmif b,fvkdvkyfay;&if aumif;rvJ/TK : pmMunfhwkdufwpfckrSm taysmuft&S &Sdwwfwmobm0yg/ ykHrSeftm;jzifh pmMunhfwkdufrSm&SdwJh pmtkyfawG&JUig;&mckdifEIef;txd aysmuf&SrIukd omrefaysmuf&SrIyJvkdY OD;odef;[ef(q&maZmf*sD)u ajymzl;ygw,f/

pmMunfhwkduf&JUwm0efu ynmjzefYjzL;zkdYyg/ armfuGef;wkduf&JUwm0efuawmh &Sm;yg;pmtkyfpmay? rSwfwrf;rSwf&meJYpm&Gufpmwrf;awGukd raysmufysufatmif xdef;odrf;zkdYyg/

'gaMumifh pmMunfhwkdufeJY armfuGef;wkduf a&maeovkdrjzpfzkdYvkdygw,f/ pmtkyfawG aysmuf&SrIr&Sda&;ukdbJ Munfhr,fqkd&if vlxkukd ynmjzefYjzL;ay;&r,fhwm0efukd vpf[if;oGm;Ekdifygw,f/LC : &Sm;yg;a&S;a[mif;pmtkyfawG &Sm;yg;a&S;a[mif;pmtkyfawG &Sm;yg;a&S;a[mif;pmtkyfawG &Sm;yg;a&S;a[mif;pmtkyfawG &Sm;yg;a&S;a[mif;pmtkyfawG copy ul;NyD; pmzwful;NyD; pmzwful;NyD; pmzwful;NyD; pmzwful;NyD; pmzwfolawGukd iSm;oifhw,fvkdY xifygovm;/ olawGukd iSm;oifhw,fvkdY xifygovm;/ olawGukd iSm;oifhw,fvkdY xifygovm;/ olawGukd iSm;oifhw,fvkdY xifygovm;/ olawGukd iSm;oifhw,fvkdY xifygovm;/ wcsKdUpmMunfhwkdufwcsKdUpmMunfhwkdufwcsKdUpmMunfhwkdufwcsKdUpmMunfhwkdufwcsKdUpmMunfhwkdufawGuawmh awGuawmh awGuawmh awGuawmh awGuawmh copy right ukd csKd;azmufovkd jzpfrSmpkd;vkdYqkdNyD; ukd csKd;azmufovkd jzpfrSmpkd;vkdYqkdNyD; ukd csKd;azmufovkd jzpfrSmpkd;vkdYqkdNyD; ukd csKd;azmufovkd jzpfrSmpkd;vkdYqkdNyD; ukd csKd;azmufovkd jzpfrSmpkd;vkdYqkdNyD;tJ'Dvkd rvkyfcsifMubl;/tJ'Dvkd rvkyfcsifMubl;/tJ'Dvkd rvkyfcsifMubl;/tJ'Dvkd rvkyfcsifMubl;/tJ'Dvkd rvkyfcsifMubl;/TK : trSefawmh pmMunfhwkdufrSm copy right qkdwmr&Sdygbl;/ oufqkdif&mpma&;olrSmom &Sdwmyg/ 'g[mvnf;tJ'Dpma&;ol uG,fvGefoGm;NyD;aemuf ESpfaygif; 50 txdyJ copy

right u tusKH;0ifygw,f/ pmMunfhwkdufu pmtkyfukd omxdef;odrf;xm;EkdifcGifh &Sdygw,f/ copy right ukd xdef; odrf;xm;EkdifcGifhr&Sdygbl;/

pmtkyfukd ul;NyD;iSm;w,fqkdwmvnf; ynmjyefYyGm;zkdYtwGufyJ a&mif;pm;wmrS r[kwfwm/ rl&if;uawmh &Sm;yg;pmtkyfrkdYvkdY riSm;awmhbl;? Copy ukdawmh iSm;ay;Ekdifw,f?vkdtyfovkd ul;ay;Ekdifw,f/ EkdifiHjcm;wuúokdvfawGrSmawmhausmif;om;awGtwGuf wuúokdvfpmMunfhwkdufawGu 'Dvkd&Sm;yg;wJh pmtkyfawGukd ul;xm;ay;wwfygw,f/ olwkdYqDrSmuG,fvGefoGm;wm ESpf 50 ausmfoGm;NyDjzpfwJh pma&;q&m awG&JUpmtkyfawG[m jynfolykdifawG jzpfoGm;NyD? trsm;eJY qkdifw,faygh/'grsKd;ukd trsm;jynfolawG okH;vkdY&atmifvkdY Copy Right

tcrJ hay;xm;w,f/ Internet awG bmawGay:vnf; wifxm;ay;wwfygw,f/LC : 'DuaeYacwf pmMunfhwkdufawGrSm pmtkyfr[kwf'DuaeYacwf pmMunfhwkdufawGrSm pmtkyfr[kwf'DuaeYacwf pmMunfhwkdufawGrSm pmtkyfr[kwf'DuaeYacwf pmMunfhwkdufawGrSm pmtkyfr[kwf'DuaeYacwf pmMunfhwkdufawGrSm pmtkyfr[kwfwJh wJh wJh wJh wJh CD-ROM ? uufqufacG? AD'D,kdacGawGvnf; xm;vm? uufqufacG? AD'D,kdacGawGvnf; xm;vm? uufqufacG? AD'D,kdacGawGvnf; xm;vm? uufqufacG? AD'D,kdacGawGvnf; xm;vm? uufqufacG? AD'D,kdacGawGvnf; xm;vmMuw,f/ EkdifiHykdifpmMunfhwdkufawGrSm omrefpmtkyf Muw,f/ EkdifiHykdifpmMunfhwdkufawGrSm omrefpmtkyf Muw,f/ EkdifiHykdifpmMunfhwdkufawGrSm omrefpmtkyf Muw,f/ EkdifiHykdifpmMunfhwdkufawGrSm omrefpmtkyf Muw,f/ EkdifiHykdifpmMunfhwdkufawGrSm omrefpmtkyf iSm;ay;iSm;ay;iSm;ay;iSm;ay;iSm;ay;

wmrsKd; tcuftcJr&Sdayr,fh 'Dvkd wmrsKd; tcuftcJr&Sdayr,fh 'Dvkd wmrsKd; tcuftcJr&Sdayr,fh 'Dvkd wmrsKd; tcuftcJr&Sdayr,fh 'Dvkd wmrsKd; tcuftcJr&Sdayr,fh 'Dvkd Media ypönf;awGusawmhypönf;awGusawmhypönf;awGusawmhypönf;awGusawmhypönf;awGusawmhaps;BuD;wmwpfaMumif;? ta&twGuf enf;wmvnf;wpfaps;BuD;wmwpfaMumif;? ta&twGuf enf;wmvnf;wpfaps;BuD;wmwpfaMumif;? ta&twGuf enf;wmvnf;wpfaps;BuD;wmwpfaMumif;? ta&twGuf enf;wmvnf;wpfaps;BuD;wmwpfaMumif;? ta&twGuf enf;wmvnf;wpfaMumif;aMumifh tuefYtowf&SdMuygw,f/ tJ'geJYywfoufaMumif;aMumifh tuefYtowf&SdMuygw,f/ tJ'geJYywfoufaMumif;aMumifh tuefYtowf&SdMuygw,f/ tJ'geJYywfoufaMumif;aMumifh tuefYtowf&SdMuygw,f/ tJ'geJYywfoufaMumif;aMumifh tuefYtowf&SdMuygw,f/ tJ'geJYywfoufvkdY b,fvkdokH;oyfygovJ/vkdY b,fvkdokH;oyfygovJ/vkdY b,fvkdokH;oyfygovJ/vkdY b,fvkdokH;oyfygovJ/vkdY b,fvkdokH;oyfygovJ/TK : 'Dvkd Media ypönf;awGukd iSm;ay;oifhw,fvkdYxifygw,f/ wu,fvkdY aysmuf&SrSm pkd;&drfw,fqkd&ifawmhwcsKdU EkdifiHwumpmMunfhwkdufawGrSmvkdrsKd; Deposit av;,lxm;vkdufaygh/ aysmufoGm;&if tJ'DaiGxJu Ekwfvkdufwmaygh/ tcktacGqkdifawGrSm acGoGm;iSm;&if pay:ay;xm;&ovkdrsKd;yJav/ aemuf CD wkdY bmwkdY qkdwmrsKd;uvnf;vG,fvG,fululeJY yGm;vkdY&wmyJ/ tppfukdriSm;bJ Copy yJ iSm;aygh/'Dvkdypönf;awGukd EkdifiHjcm;u vmvSL&ifvnf; e,f rSm&SdwJhwuúokdvf aumvdyfawGu q&mawG? ausmif;om; awGygvkHvkHavmufavmuf okH;pGJvkdY&atmif Copy vkyfNyD; tJ'DwuúokdvfaumvdyfawGukd jzefYa0ay;oifhygw,f/

uRefawmf EkdifiHjcm;rSm awGUzl;wmawGuawmh wuúokdvfawGrSm ygarmu©BuD;awG&JU Lecture awGukd toHoGif;xm; w,f/NyD;awmh ausmif;om;awGu tJ'DtacGawGukd ausmif;pmMunfhwkdufrSm oGm;iSm;Ekdifw,f/ tJ'DvkdtacGrsKd;awG&JU Copy

Right awGukdvnf; q&mawGu wuúokdvfawGukd vSLxm;w,f/tck 'DaeYvkday;vkdufwJh Lecture awGawmif aemufwpfaeYqkd&ifpmMunfhwkdufxJrSm &Sdw,f/ csufcsif; toHoGif;? Copy yGm;NyD;pmMunfhwkdufxJrSm xm;vkdufw,f/ 'D Lecture ukd vGwfoGm;wJhausmif;om;awGtaeeJY at;at; aq;aq; aemufrSjyefem;axmifvkdY &wmaygh/ odyÜHynm eJYywfoufwJh Lecture

awG (Oyrm-aq;ynmrSm cGJpdwf ukorIwpfck oifMum;ovkdrsKd;)qkd&if AD'D,kdawGvnf; ½kduf xm;w,f/ tJ'DcGJpdwfrIrsKd;u tNrJvkyfrjyEkdifbl;av/ ausmif;om;uvnf; tJ'DcGJpdwfrIukdem;rvnfrcsif; tBudrf Budrf jyefMunfhvkdY&w,f/LC : EkdifiHwumrSmawmh ynm&yfqkdif&m pmapmif? *sme,EkdifiHwumrSmawmh ynm&yfqkdif&m pmapmif? *sme,EkdifiHwumrSmawmh ynm&yfqkdif&m pmapmif? *sme,EkdifiHwumrSmawmh ynm&yfqkdif&m pmapmif? *sme,EkdifiHwumrSmawmh ynm&yfqkdif&m pmapmif? *sme,fffffawGeJY taxGaxGpme,fZif;awGukd awGeJY taxGaxGpme,fZif;awGukd awGeJY taxGaxGpme,fZif;awGukd awGeJY taxGaxGpme,fZif;awGukd awGeJY taxGaxGpme,fZif;awGukd Internet ay:rSmyJjzpfjzpf?ay:rSmyJjzpfjzpf?ay:rSmyJjzpfjzpf?ay:rSmyJjzpfjzpf?ay:rSmyJjzpfjzpf?CD wkdY bmwkdYeJYyJjzpfjzpf odrf;xm;wJh wkdY bmwkdYeJYyJjzpfjzpf odrf;xm;wJh wkdY bmwkdYeJYyJjzpfjzpf odrf;xm;wJh wkdY bmwkdYeJYyJjzpfjzpf odrf;xm;wJh wkdY bmwkdYeJYyJjzpfjzpf odrf;xm;wJh Database rsKd;ukd rsKd;ukd rsKd;ukd rsKd;ukd rsKd;ukd E-

Library tjzpf owfrSwfw,fvkdY od&ygw,f/ 'DrSmawmhtjzpf owfrSwfw,fvkdY od&ygw,f/ 'DrSmawmhtjzpf owfrSwfw,fvkdY od&ygw,f/ 'DrSmawmhtjzpf owfrSwfw,fvkdY od&ygw,f/ 'DrSmawmhtjzpf owfrSwfw,fvkdY od&ygw,f/ 'DrSmawmhvltrsm;pku vltrsm;pku vltrsm;pku vltrsm;pku vltrsm;pku CD-ROM awGxm;wJh pmMunfhwkdufukd awGxm;wJh pmMunfhwkdufukd awGxm;wJh pmMunfhwkdufukd awGxm;wJh pmMunfhwkdufukd awGxm;wJh pmMunfhwkdufukd E-

Library vkdY ,lqaeMuygw,f/ tem*wfjrefrmEkdifiH twGufvkdY ,lqaeMuygw,f/ tem*wfjrefrmEkdifiH twGufvkdY ,lqaeMuygw,f/ tem*wfjrefrmEkdifiH twGufvkdY ,lqaeMuygw,f/ tem*wfjrefrmEkdifiH twGufvkdY ,lqaeMuygw,f/ tem*wfjrefrmEkdifiH twGufE-Library awG b,favmuf ta&;BuD;w,fvkdY xifygovJ/awG b,favmuf ta&;BuD;w,fvkdY xifygovJ/awG b,favmuf ta&;BuD;w,fvkdY xifygovJ/awG b,favmuf ta&;BuD;w,fvkdY xifygovJ/awG b,favmuf ta&;BuD;w,fvkdY xifygovJ/TK : jrefrmjynfrSmuawmh E-Library eJYywfoufvkdYtodynmjyefYyGm;vmatmif aqmif&Gufay;oifhygw,f/


OD;aomfaumif;\ ukd,fa&;tw¦KyÜwdÅtusOf;

- 'DZifbm 17 &uf 1937 wGif tz ]pnfol} OD;aumif;(ynmrif;BuD;)ESifh trda':odef;wkdYrS arG;zGm;cJh/- i,fpOfu zciftvkyfvkyfukdif&m t*FvefEkdifiHokdY vkdufygaexkdif ynmoifMum;cJh/- 1959 ckESpfwGif &efukefwuúokdvfrS t*Fvdyfpmayt"dujzifh yxrwef;0dZÆm*kPfxl;bGJU &&SdcJh/- 1962 ckESpfwGif pmMunfhwkdufynm 'Dyvkdrm&&SdcJhNyD; 1976 ckESpfwGif pmMunfhwkdufynm oifMum;a&;oifwef;ukd

MopaMw;vsEkdifiH ywfNrKdU&Sd Curtin University wGif wufa&mufcJh/- 1959 ckESpfrS 1969 ckESpftxd &efukefwuúokdvfpmMunfhwkdufrSL;ESifh? 1969 ckESpfrS 1997 ckESpftxd wuúokdvfrsm;

A[kdpmMunfhwkdufrSL;tjzpf xrf;&GufcJh/- tckvuf&Sdtcsdeftxd jrefrmhorkdif;aumfr&SiftzGJU0if? ynmwefaqmifr*¾Zif;tzGJU0if? jrefrmEkdifiHpmMunfhwkduf

toif; wnfaxmifolESifh em,u? trsKd;om;pmayqkpdppfa&G;cs,fa&; aumfrwDtzGJU 'k-Ouú|ESifh Congress of

South East Asian Librarian \ trIaqmiftzGJU0ifwkdYtjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmifvsuf&Sd/- 1999 ckESpfwGif University of Western Sydney rScsD;jr§ifhaom Doctor of Letters (Honoris Causa) bGJUukd

vufcH&&SdcJh/

uRefawmfwkdYqDrSmvnf; tckxGufwJh pmtkyfawGa&m? t&ifupmtkyfta[mif;awGa&m Digital Format eJY zwfvkdY&atmifvkyfxm;&ygr,f/ Online r[kwf&ifawmif CD eJYayghav/Myanmar Book Centre rSmvnf; JBRS u article awGukdjyef½kduful;xm;NyD; CD vkyfxm;wm &Sdygw,f/ a'gufwmoef;xGef;wkdY? q&maZmf*sDwkdY a&;cJhwJh article awGvnf; ygygw,f/ Forever u vkyfaewJh Myanmar E-Book vkdrsKd;uvnf; E-Library pepfygyJ/

'Du wuúokdvf aumvdyfawGrSm EkdifiHjcm;aiGtcuftcJaMumifh EkdifiHwumwuúokdvfawGrSmvkd wuúokdvf aumvdyfwpfcktwGuf Online E-Library wpfck&atmif vkyfray;Ekdifao;ygbl;/ Internet uvnf; wuúokdvfwcsKdUrSm okH;vkdY&aeNyDqkdawmh tenf;qkH; E-Library Account wpfck&atmif Sub-

scribe vkyfxm;NyD; wuúokdvf aumvdyfawGtm;vkH; a0rQokH;vkdY&ygw,f/ tJ'DvkdrsKd; vkyfay;Ekdif&if ukefusp&dwfupmtkyfawG rSmwmxuf oufomNyD; oufqkdif&mwuúokdvfaumvdyfawGukd jzefYjzL;zkdYvnf; vG,fygvdrfhr,f/LC : tajccHynmausmif;eJY wuúokdvf aumvdyftajccHynmausmif;eJY wuúokdvf aumvdyftajccHynmausmif;eJY wuúokdvf aumvdyftajccHynmausmif;eJY wuúokdvf aumvdyftajccHynmausmif;eJY wuúokdvf aumvdyfpmMunfhwkdufawG&JU tajctaeua&m.../pmMunfhwkdufawG&JU tajctaeua&m.../pmMunfhwkdufawG&JU tajctaeua&m.../pmMunfhwkdufawG&JU tajctaeua&m.../pmMunfhwkdufawG&JU tajctaeua&m.../TK : t&if qkd&S,fvpfacwfwkef;uawmh ausmif;vcxJrSm pmMunfhwkduftwGufyg xnfhaumufNyD; ausmif;pmMunfhwkduftwGuf axmufyHhay;w,f/ tckacwfrSm 'Dpepfr&Sdoavmuf jzpfaeNyD/ t&ifwkef;u ausmif;awGrSm

pmMunfhwkdufrSm pmzwfzkdYtcsdefukd pmoifcsdefxJuaewpfcsdefowfowf cGJxm;ay;xm;wwfw,f/ tckaemufykdif;yk*¾vduçu zGifhvSpfvmMuwJh ynma&;0efaqmifrIawG Oyrm-YIEC wkdYvkd ausmif;rsKd;awGrSmqkd&if aomMumaeYwkdif;pmMunfhwkdufrSm pmzwfzkdY owfrSwfxm;w,f/LC : ausmif;om;vli,fawG pmzwftavhtusifhausmif;om;vli,fawG pmzwftavhtusifhausmif;om;vli,fawG pmzwftavhtusifhausmif;om;vli,fawG pmzwftavhtusifhausmif;om;vli,fawG pmzwftavhtusifh&atmif pmMunfhwkdufawGu b,fvkdysKd;axmifay;EkdifrvJ/&atmif pmMunfhwkdufawGu b,fvkdysKd;axmifay;EkdifrvJ/&atmif pmMunfhwkdufawGu b,fvkdysKd;axmifay;EkdifrvJ/&atmif pmMunfhwkdufawGu b,fvkdysKd;axmifay;EkdifrvJ/&atmif pmMunfhwkdufawGu b,fvkdysKd;axmifay;EkdifrvJ/TK : pmzwfusifhqkdwm jznf;jznf;csif; ysKd;axmif


,l&ygw,f/ vli,fawG pmzwf0goem ygvmatmif ysKd;axmifwJhqDrSm yxrqkH; t½kyfykHawGygwJh pmtkyfawGuaepygw,f/ EkdifiHjcm;pmMunfhwkdufawGrSmqkd&if uav;awGpmMunfhwkdufeJY &if;ESD;vmatmif? pmzwf0goemygvmatmif&nf&G,fNyD; ykHajymuRrf;usifolwpfOD;uae ½kyfykHum;csyfuav;awGokH;NyD; uav;awGukd ykHajymjywJh tpDtpOfawG&Sdygw,f/ jrefrmEkdifiH yk*¾KdvfwcsKdUvnf; 'Dvkd ykHajymoifwef;rsKd; EkdifiHjcm;ukdoGm;NyD; wufcJhzl;ygw,f/ tJ'DvkdtajccHuaewpfqifh pmenf;enf;? ykHrsm;rsm;ygwJh pmtkyf awGzwfvmEkdifw,f/ aemuf Ladder Series awGukd zwfvmEkdifr,f pojzifhaygh/ tJ'Dvkd tqifhqifhysKd;axmifay;&ifvli,fawG pmzwf0goem ygvmrSmyg/ 'ghtjyif pmMunfhwkdufawGukd vli,fawGeJY pdrf;ae? a0;uGmraebJ olwkdY teD;ywf0ef;usifrSm &Sdaeatmifvnf; vkyffxm;ay;oifhw,f/pifumylrSmqkd&if jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufawGukd vli,fawGoGm;vmavh&S dwJ hae&mrsK d; Oyrm-Shopping Mall vkdae&mrsKd;awGrSm xm;ygw,f/ 'Dvkdenf;eJY pifumylrSm Knowl-

edge Base Society jzpfatmif vkyfaew,f/ 'gaMumifh vnf;olwkdYEk difiH[m Human Resource ukd tokH;csNyD; &yfwnfaeEkdifwmaygh/LC : 'DaeYacwfrSm vli,fawGpkaygif;NyD; wpfEkdifwpfykdif'DaeYacwfrSm vli,fawGpkaygif;NyD; wpfEkdifwpfykdif'DaeYacwfrSm vli,fawGpkaygif;NyD; wpfEkdifwpfykdif'DaeYacwfrSm vli,fawGpkaygif;NyD; wpfEkdifwpfykdif'DaeYacwfrSm vli,fawGpkaygif;NyD; wpfEkdifwpfykdifpmMunfhwkdufuav;awG xlaxmifvmMuwmukda&m b,fvkdpmMunfhwkdufuav;awG xlaxmifvmMuwmukda&m b,fvkdpmMunfhwkdufuav;awG xlaxmifvmMuwmukda&m b,fvkdpmMunfhwkdufuav;awG xlaxmifvmMuwmukda&m b,fvkdpmMunfhwkdufuav;awG xlaxmifvmMuwmukda&m b,fvkdjrifygovJ/jrifygovJ/jrifygovJ/jrifygovJ/jrifygovJ/TK : vli,fawG pkaygif;NyD; pmMunfhwkdufawG wnfaxmifvmMuwmukd BuKdqkdygw,f/ 'Dvkdenf;eJY vli,fawGrSmpmzwf0goem wkd;wufvmapEkdifygw,f/ 'gayr,fh vli,fawG[m pmMunfhwkduftwwfynmukd avhvmvkdufpm;oifhw,fvkdY xifygw,f/ 'grSom pepfusewJh pmMunfhwkduftjzpf xlaxmifEkdifrSmyg/ aemufNyD;awmh vli,fawG wnfaxmifwJh pmMunfhwkdufawGrSm t"dutm;jzifh aiGa&;aMu;a&;tcuftcJawGvnf; awGU&Ekdifw,f/ ykHrSefaxmufyHholawGr&Sd&if 'DvkdpmMunfhwkdufrsKd;taeeJY a&&Snf&yfwnfzkdY rvG,fygbl;/ vli,frsKd;qufwpfquftaeeJY taMumif;trsKd;rsKd; aMumifh'DpmMunfhwkdufukd qufrvkyfEk difawmhbJ aemufxyfrsKd;qufwpfqufukd wm0efay;cJhr,fqkd&if aemufvkyfr,fhhvli,fawG[m yxrvli,fawGavmuf pdwftm;xufxufoefoefvkyfEkdifrSm r[kwfbl;/

NzKd;0if;vwfNzKd;0if;vwfNzKd;0if;vwfNzKd;0if;vwfNzKd;0if;vwf

a Mumf jim

acwfrD jynfolYpmMunfUwkdufrsm;wkd;jr§ifUxlaxmifa&;

rsKd;nGefharmif

]rrif;jzL rSefrSefajym}? ]OMoatmfjrnf ukef;abmifwnf} tp&Sdaom]rrif;jzL rSefrSefajym}? ]OMoatmfjrnf ukef;abmifwnf} tp&Sdaom]rrif;jzL rSefrSefajym}? ]OMoatmfjrnf ukef;abmifwnf} tp&Sdaom]rrif;jzL rSefrSefajym}? ]OMoatmfjrnf ukef;abmifwnf} tp&Sdaom]rrif;jzL rSefrSefajym}? ]OMoatmfjrnf ukef;abmifwnf} tp&Sdaompum;pk rsm;wDxGifí rSwfom;rIrsm;rSm wpfacwfwpfcgu rdrdtvkd&Sdonfhpum;pk rsm;wDxGifí rSwfom;rIrsm;rSm wpfacwfwpfcgu rdrdtvkd&Sdonfhpum;pk rsm;wDxGifí rSwfom;rIrsm;rSm wpfacwfwpfcgu rdrdtvkd&Sdonfhpum;pk rsm;wDxGifí rSwfom;rIrsm;rSm wpfacwfwpfcgu rdrdtvkd&Sdonfhpum;pk rsm;wDxGifí rSwfom;rIrsm;rSm wpfacwfwpfcgu rdrdtvkd&Sdonfhor k d i f ;tc su f or k d i f ;tc su f or k d i f ;tc su f or k d i f ;tc su f or k d i f ;tc su f tvufwk d Yu k d r Sw fom;vufqi f hur f ;&mwGi ftvufwk d Yu k d r Sw fom;vufqi f hur f ;&mwGi ftvufwk d Yu k d r Sw fom;vufqi f hur f ;&mwGi ftvufwk d Yu k d r Sw fom;vufqi f hur f ;&mwGi ftvufwk d Yu k d r Sw fom;vufqi f hur f ;&mwGi ftokH;0ifcJ honfrSefaomfvnf; tokH;0ifcJ honfrSefaomfvnf; tokH;0ifcJ honfrSefaomfvnf; tokH;0ifcJ honfrSefaomfvnf; tokH;0ifcJ honfrSefaomfvnf; Globalization ac: urÇmjyK jcif; jzpfpOfac: urÇmjyK jcif; jzpfpOfac: urÇmjyK jcif; jzpfpOfac: urÇmjyK jcif; jzpfpOfac: urÇmjyK jcif; jzpfpOft&Sdefjrif hvmonfESif htrQ urÇmhEk difiHtoD;oD;\ EkdifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&;?t&Sdefjrif hvmonfESif htrQ urÇmhEk difiHtoD;oD;\ EkdifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&;?t&Sdefjrif hvmonfESif htrQ urÇmhEk difiHtoD;oD;\ EkdifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&;?t&Sdefjrif hvmonfESif htrQ urÇmhEk difiHtoD;oD;\ EkdifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&;?t&Sdefjrif hvmonfESif htrQ urÇmhEk difiHtoD;oD;\ EkdifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&;?vlrIa&;t&yf&yfwkdYukd ESHYpyfpGm avhvmod&Sd&ef vkdtyfvm&m ,cifESifhrwlvlrIa&;t&yf&yfwkdYukd ESHYpyfpGm avhvmod&Sd&ef vkdtyfvm&m ,cifESifhrwlvlrIa&;t&yf&yfwkdYukd ESHYpyfpGm avhvmod&Sd&ef vkdtyfvm&m ,cifESifhrwlvlrIa&;t&yf&yfwkdYukd ESHYpyfpGm avhvmod&Sd&ef vkdtyfvm&m ,cifESifhrwlvlrIa&;t&yf&yfwkdYukd ESHYpyfpGm avhvmod&Sd&ef vkdtyfvm&m ,cifESifhrwlaeYpOfESifhtrQ wkd;wufrsm;jym;vmaom A[kokwESifhtcsuftvuf rsm;ukdaeYpOfESifhtrQ wkd;wufrsm;jym;vmaom A[kokwESifhtcsuftvuf rsm;ukdaeYpOfESifhtrQ wkd;wufrsm;jym;vmaom A[kokwESifhtcsuftvuf rsm;ukdaeYpOfESifhtrQ wkd;wufrsm;jym;vmaom A[kokwESifhtcsuftvuf rsm;ukdaeYpOfESifhtrQ wkd;wufrsm;jym;vmaom A[kokwESifhtcsuftvuf rsm;ukdacwfrDenf;ynm? pDrHcefYcGJrIwkdYukd tokH;jyKrSwfom;&rnfhtjyif acwfrDenf;ynm? pDrHcefYcGJrIwkdYukd tokH;jyKrSwfom;&rnfhtjyif acwfrDenf;ynm? pDrHcefYcGJrIwkdYukd tokH;jyKrSwfom;&rnfhtjyif acwfrDenf;ynm? pDrHcefYcGJrIwkdYukd tokH;jyKrSwfom;&rnfhtjyif acwfrDenf;ynm? pDrHcefYcGJrIwkdYukd tokH;jyKrSwfom;&rnfhtjyif Quick Ref-

erence rsm;yg pepfwusxm;&Sdaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm;tm; jrefrmEkdifiH\ tpGefrsm;yg pepfwusxm;&Sdaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm;tm; jrefrmEkdifiH\ tpGefrsm;yg pepfwusxm;&Sdaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm;tm; jrefrmEkdifiH\ tpGefrsm;yg pepfwusxm;&Sdaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm;tm; jrefrmEkdifiH\ tpGefrsm;yg pepfwusxm;&Sdaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm;tm; jrefrmEkdifiH\ tpGeftzsm;&Sd a'orsm;ygrusef ae&mtoD;oD;wGif wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifEkdif&ef vkdtyftzsm;&Sd a'orsm;ygrusef ae&mtoD;oD;wGif wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifEkdif&ef vkdtyftzsm;&Sd a'orsm;ygrusef ae&mtoD;oD;wGif wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifEkdif&ef vkdtyftzsm;&Sd a'orsm;ygrusef ae&mtoD;oD;wGif wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifEkdif&ef vkdtyftzsm;&Sd a'orsm;ygrusef ae&mtoD;oD;wGif wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifEkdif&ef vkdtyfygonf/ygonf/ygonf/ygonf/ygonf/

Globalization jzpfpOfwGif rdrdEkdifiHESifh tzGJUtpnf; wpfajy;nDvkdufygEkdifa&;twGuf EkdifiHwumpHrD ynma&; a&csdef&SdaomSuper Empowered Individual

tajrmuftjrm; arG;xkwfay;Ekdifrnfh

þu@wGif......þu@wGif......þu@wGif......þu@wGif......þu@wGif......

5252525252 acwfrD jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm;acwfrD jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm;acwfrD jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm;acwfrD jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm;acwfrD jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm;wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifa&;wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifa&;wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifa&;wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifa&;wkd;jr§ifhxlaxmifa&;

5656565656 ynm&Sm&jcif; taMumif;&if;ig;&yfynm&Sm&jcif; taMumif;&if;ig;&yfynm&Sm&jcif; taMumif;&if;ig;&yfynm&Sm&jcif; taMumif;&if;ig;&yfynm&Sm&jcif; taMumif;&if;ig;&yf

5858585858 vkdtyfaeonfh pmMunfhwkdufvkdtyfaeonfh pmMunfhwkdufvkdtyfaeonfh pmMunfhwkdufvkdtyfaeonfh pmMunfhwkdufvkdtyfaeonfh pmMunfhwkdufaumif;rsm;aumif;rsm;aumif;rsm;aumif;rsm;aumif;rsm;

6060606060 NrKdUjyvlOD;a& ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrI ESSSifhNrKdUjyvlOD;a& ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrI ESSSifhNrKdUjyvlOD;a& ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrI ESSSifhNrKdUjyvlOD;a& ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrI ESSSifhNrKdUjyvlOD;a& ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrI ESSSifhtvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;rsm;tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;rsm;tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;rsm;tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;rsm;tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;rsm;

6363636363 trsKd;orD;wkdY\ pGrf;&nfESifhtrsKd;orD;wkdY\ pGrf;&nfESifhtrsKd;orD;wkdY\ pGrf;&nfESifhtrsKd;orD;wkdY\ pGrf;&nfESifhtrsKd;orD;wkdY\ pGrf;&nfESifhwkd;wufrIwkd;wufrIwkd;wufrIwkd;wufrIwkd;wufrI

ynma&;qkdif&m rl0g'rsm; csrSwf&efta&;BuD;onfhtjyif xkwfvkyfrI?0efaqmifrIt&yf&yf\ &if;jrpfrsm;jzpfaom EkdifiHom;rsm;\ Capacity Building

ukd tpOfjr§ifhwifay;Ekdif&eftwGuf

¤if;wkdYaexdkif&ma'otwGif;ü jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm; &Sdaeap&efvnf;ta&;BuD;vSygonf/ pmzwfaom tavhtxukd jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm;rSwpfqifh jyKpkysKd;axmifay;Ekdifjcif;jzifhrdrdÓPf&nfESifh avsmfnDaom ESHYpyfodjrifolrsm;jzpfEkdifrnfjzpfonf/

vlrItzGJUtpnf;wpfcktwGufta&;BuD;aom taMumif;udpöt&yf&yfwkdYukd aqmif&Guf&mü taMumif;udpöwpfckpDtwGuf oufqkdif&mu@tvkdufuRrf;usifolrsm;&Sdonfhwkdif pmayzwf½IESHYpyfolrsm;xHrSvnf; taumif;qkH;tBuHÓPfrsm; ay:xGufavh&Sdonf[kFrancis Bacon u qkdygonf/

]]pmtkyfpmayzwf½IrI qkdonfrSmrnfonfhpmayukdrqkd zwf½I&efvkdtyf NyD;ppfaMumpkyf,lEkdifrI twkdif;twm tvkduftusKd;&Sdonfcsnf;jzpfí pmay

jrefrmUpD;yGm;a&;tjrif


rsKd;pkHzwf½IrItm; tpOf avhusifhysKd;axmif&rnfjzpfonf}} (Source:bufpkHESHYpyfodjrifrIESifh acgif;aqmifrItwwfynm/ae0if;armif)

Francis Bacon uvnf; ]]uAsmukd zwf½Ijcif;jzifh uGefYjrL;aomÓPf&&Sdaponf/ ocsFmukd avhvmjcif;jzifhvsifjrefaomÓPfudk &&Sdaponf/orkdif;usrf;rsm;u tjrifus,faponf/obm0odyÜHynmaMumifh A[kokw euf½Idif;<u,f0apEkdifNyD; 'óepmayrsm;uukd,fusifhwnfMunfav;eufaponf/,kwådaA'ESifh 0p&mvuFm&(tm0ZÆef;)ynm&yfwkdY avhvmxm;ygu olwpfyg;ESifh &ifqkdif,SOfNyKdif ajymqkd&mwGifESmwpfzsm;omaponf}}[k qkdygonf/

pmayonf EkdifiHESifh vlYpGrf;tm;t&if;tjrpfzGHUNzKd;a&;twGufomruEkdifiH\orkdif;aMumif;tpOftvm? yx0Dtaetxm;? ajymif;vJaomacwfESifhavsmfnDpGm ajymif;vJwkd;wufap&efwkdYtwGuf tkyfcsKyfa&;? w&m;pD&ifa&;wkdYtwGufyg ta&;ygonfhtwGuf trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufrSonf aus;vufpmMunfhwkduftxd pepfwus zGJUpnf;xm;&SdMu&ygonf/ txl;ojzifh trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkdufrsm;onf Oya'jyKvTwfawmfrS vkdorQudpöt&yf&yftwGuftajz&Sm&rnfhtjyif Oya'usrf;qkdif&mtcsuftvufrsm;ukd jznfhpGufay;&ygonf/ tkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh w&m;pD&ifa&;Xmersm;\ vkdtyfrIrSeforQukd 0efaqmifrIay;&ygonf/ pmMunfhwkduftrsKd;tpm;tvkduf b@ma&;tiftm;ESifh n§dEIdif;wGufcsufum us,fjyefYEkdifoavmufus,fjyefYaom 0efaqmifrIay;Ekdif&efpmtkyfrsm; pkaqmif;Muonfukd awGU&onf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh urÇmwGif tm&Sa&;&m ta&;ygvmcsdefrSpwifí Yale

University Library onf tm&SEkdifiH

r sm;uk d avhvmvk dolwk d YtwGufoufqkdif&mEkdifiHwkdY\ pmtkyfrsm;ukd&Ekdifoavmuf pkaqmif;cJh&m jrefrmEkdifiHwpfckwnf;ESifh pyfqkdifaom tkyfcsKyfa&;?"r®owf? tEkpmayrsm;omru ol&d,?e*g;eD? *EÅavmu? *&dwfwm;at;&Sm;?ae;&Sif;? ½Ir0? aoG;aomuf tygt0ifpme,fZif;rsm;ukdyg pkaqmif;cJh&m 1961ckESpf pm&if;t& ykHESdyfpmaygif; av;aomif;ausmf &Sdonf[k od&ygonf/ (pmMunfhwkduf ESD;aESmzvS,fyGJpmwrf;-1968)

urÇmESifht0ef; EkdifiHrsm;wGifwnf&Sdaom pmMunfhwkduftrsKd;tpm;cGJjcm;ykHt& trsKd;om;pmMunfhwkduf?wuúokdvfpmMunfhwkduf? okawoetzGJUtpnf;pmMunfhwkduf? txl;pmMunfhwkduf? jynfolYpmMunfhwkduf[lí&Sd&mtqkdygpmMunfhwkdufrsm;taejzifh 20&mpkaemufykdif;wGif pmMunfhwkdufrsm;\ta&;yg tokH;0ifrIudk ykdrkdwefzkd;xm;wwfvmonfESifhtrQ acwfESifhavsmfnDaom tajymif;tvJrsm;udk aqmif&GufvmMuygonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh-

(1) pmMunfhwkduf&Sd ausmif;okH;pmtkyfrsm;xJrS qkdif&mtcef;u@ukdom

zwfckdif;onfhtpm; ynm&yfESifh oufqkdiforQ pmtkyfrsm;ukd ukd,fwkdifvGwfvGwfvyfvyf &SmazG? xkwf,l? okawoejyKcGifhay;vmjcif;?

(2) iSm;&rf;cGifh zwf½IcGifhay;½kHjzifhauseyfa&mifh&Jjcif;r&SdbJ pmtkyfygtcsuftvufukd taxmuftuljyKEkdifonfh pD'D&Grf? yef;csDum;? yvmpwm½kyfwkrsm;? ½kyf&Sifrsm;yg pkaqmif;xm;&Sdjcif;?

(3) vlxkESifh teD;pyfqkH;jzpfonfhjynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm;ESifh tjyeftvSefqufoG,fum rkduú½kdzvifjzifh ul;,lxm;aom &Sm;yg;pmtkyfrsm;udk ul;,ljyefYyGm;apjcif;wkdYudk aqmif&GufvmMuygonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; EkdifiHwumynma&;ukd ykddrkdpdwf0ifpm;rI&Sdvmonfhtavsmuf yk*¾vduoifwef;rsm;rS pmMunfhwkdufrsm; xlaxmifjcif;tm; oifMum;a&;ukd txda&mufqkH;taxmuftuljyKonfhvkyfief;aqmifwmwpfcktjzpf ½IjrifrI&Sdvmonfhtjyif tpkd;&ydkif;rSvnf; aus;&Gmrsm;txd a'oqkdif&mESifh ausmif;pmMunfhwkdufrsm; wnfaxmif&ef wGef;tm;ay; aqmif&Guf


vsuf&SdaMumif; aeYpOfxkwfowif;pmrsm;wGif azmfjyvsuf&Sdonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwpf0ef;vkH;&Sd ynm&Smolrsm;twGufvnf; pOfqufrjywfoifMum;a&;ukdtjcm;EkdifiHrsm;ESifh tcsdefukdufaqmif&GufEkdif&eftwGuf pepfuseaom jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm; vkdtyfvsuf&Sdyg onf/pmMunf hwk duf[lonfrSm trsK d ;om;xkwpf&yfvkH;\ A[kokwESifh ynm&SmazGrI? pmaypkaqmif;rI\ *kPf,lzG,f&mo½kyfouefrQru ynm&Smolrsm;twGuf q&moifjyrIwGifom &yfwefYroGm;bJ pmrsKd;pkHukdzwf½Ií t,ltq½IaxmifhtrsKd;rsKd;rS a0zefykdif;jcm;íynmopfxkwfvkyfEkdifa&;twGuf rjzpfraevkdtyfaom tajccHvlrIpD;yGm;taqmuftODjzpfonfudk av;av;eufeuf oabmaygufcH,lMu&rnfomjzpfonf/

EkdifiHwpfEkdifiH\ a'otESHYtjym;wGif pmMunfhwkdufrsm; xlaxmif&mütqkdyga'o&Sd vlxkwpf&yfvkH;tm;qGJaqmifrI&Sdap&rnfjzpfonf/ xkdYtwGuf]jynfol[laom pum;&yfukd Marketing

Tool tjzpf qGJaqmifEkdif&ef jynfolYpmMunfhwkduf}[k trnfemrwyfí xlaxmifavh&SdMuonf/ jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufwpfckwGif &Sdoifh&Sdxkdufonfh tajccHt*Fg&yfrsm;rSm-

(1) a'owGif aexkdifoltm;vkH;vGwfvyfpGm tokH;jyKEkdifcGifh&Sdjcif;?

(2) tqkdyga'ocHwkdY\ &SifoefvkyfukdifrIp½kdufobm0rsm;ESifh ukdufnDaom pmtkyfpmayrsm; pkHvifpGmxm;&Sdjcif;?

(3) tokH;jyKcGifh wpfajy;nD &&SdEkdifrnfhtpDtrHrsm;&Sdjcif;?

(4) yk*¾vdu pD;yGm;jzpfvkyfukdifrIr[kwfbJ oufqkdif&mjynfolYtkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJUtpnf;\ vufatmufwGif&Sdjcif;?

(5) tqkdyg tzG JUtpnf;\taxmuftyhH vkHavmufpGm&Sdjcif;?

(6) jynfolYpmMunfhwkduftufOya'jy|mef;NyD; a'oqkdif&mtkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJUtpnf;rsm;u jynfolYtcGeftaumufjzifh wnfaxmifum jynfolrsm; tcrJhtokH;jyKEkdifatmif pDrHxm;jcif;wkdYjzpfonf/ (Source:The Chance

to read: public Libraires in the world

todays by MC Colvin, L.R)azmfjyyg tajccHt*Fg&yfrsm;ESifh

nDnGwfpGm xlaxmifNyD;onfh jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm;\a&&SnfwnfwHha&;tjyifjynfolvlxktm; acwfrDrD tokH;ususxda&mufpGm 0efaqmifrIay;Ekdifonfhvkyfief;wpfck jzpfvmap&eftwGuftqifhjr§ifhwifrnfh pDrHcefYcGJrIrsm;&Sd&eftpOftNrJ vkdtyfygonf/

1913 ckESpfwGif ½k&Sacgif;aqmifvDeifuvnf; ¤if;\ ]vlxkynma&;twGuf bmvkyfp&m&SdovJ} aqmif;yg;ü ]]pmMunfhwkdufwpfckü ta&;BuD;onfrSm 5 &mpk? 10 &mpkacwfu usrf;*ef

pmay odrf;qnf;xm;onfh*kPfxufrdrdpmMunfhwkdufrS pmtkyfrsm;onfpmzwf? pmiSm;olvufokdY b,frQ ysHUESHYa&muf&Sdonf? aemufxyf pmzwf pmiSm;ol b,frQ wkd;yGm;vmonfqkdaomtcsufyifjzpfonf}} [k pDrHcefYcGJrIaumif;rGef&ef vkdtyfykHudk axmufjycJhygonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; EkdkifiHwumenf;wl 0efaqmifrIjynfh0aom jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufrsm;tjzpf a&&Snf&yfwnfEkdifa&;twGuf atmufygpDrHcefYcGJrIrsm;vkdtyfygonf/

(1) pmMunfhwkdufynm uRrf;usi(1) pmMunfhwkdufynm uRrf;usi(1) pmMunfhwkdufynm uRrf;usi(1) pmMunfhwkdufynm uRrf;usi(1) pmMunfhwkdufynm uRrf;usiff fffolrsm;arG;jrLa&;/olrsm;arG;jrLa&;/olrsm;arG;jrLa&;/olrsm;arG;jrLa&;/olrsm;arG;jrLa&;/

pmMunfhwkdufynm\ tajccHjzpfaom Cataloguing (uwfwavmufjyKvkyfenf;)? Classification (rsKd;wlpkenf;)? Organization & Administration

(pmzwfol wkd;yGm;atmif zGJUpnf;enf;ESifhtkyfcsKyfenf;)? Assistance to Readers or

Reference Work «pmzwfoltm;ulnDenf; (okdYr[kwf) &nfnTef;vkyfief;»wkdY trSefwu,f uRrf;usifolrsm;om


pmMunfhwkduf0efxrf;tjzpf xm;&Sd&rnfjzpfonf/ taMumif;rSm jynfolYpmMunfhwkdufqkdonfrSm ausmif;? aq;½kHESifhtusOf;axmiftxd zGifhvSpfxm;&efvkdtyf&m 0efxrf;rsm; uRrf;usifaom0efaqmifrIt&nftaoG;rSm t"duusaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ ausmif;? ynm a&;ESifhpOfqufrjywfynma&;wkdY tvsOf rjywfqufpyfay;Ekdifa&;? pmzwfol rsm;\pdwf0ifpm;rI us,fjyefYapa&;?pmzwfolwdkif;ESifh oufqkdifaom vkyfief;aqmifwmtaxGaxGtm; aumif;pGmtaxmuftyhHjyKEkdifa&;? pdwfazsmfajza&;wkdYrSm pmMunfhwkdufaumif; wpfck\OD;wnfcsufrsm; jzpfygonf/

(2) uav;pmMunfhwkdufXme (2) uav;pmMunfhwkdufXme (2) uav;pmMunfhwkdufXme (2) uav;pmMunfhwkdufXme (2) uav;pmMunfhwkdufXmexm;&Sda&;/xm;&Sda&;/xm;&Sda&;/xm;&Sda&;/xm;&Sda&;/

uav;pdwfynm&Sifrsm;tqkdt&½kyfykHrsm;rsm;? pmvkH;BuD;BuD; pmtkyfrsm;tjyif upm;p&mrsm;? uav;pm;yGJ?uav;ukvm;xkdifrsm;yg xm;&Sd&efvkdtyfNyD; uav;oli,frsm; tEÅ&m,fuif;a0;apa&;twGuf ,mOftoGm;tvmenf;yg;aom vrf;usOf;vrf;i,frsm;bufwGif 0if xGufaygufrsm; xm;&Sdoifhonf/ EkdifiHwpfEkdifiHtwGuf ta&;ygonfh rsKd;qufopfrsm;tm; vlusifh 0wfESifhynm&Smvkdpdwfukd i,fpOfuwnf; uysKd;axmifay;&ef &nf&G,fcsuft& jzpfonf/

(3) tcsdefukdufxGuf&Sdaom (3) tcsdefukdufxGuf&Sdaom (3) tcsdefukdufxGuf&Sdaom (3) tcsdefukdufxGuf&Sdaom (3) tcsdefukdufxGuf&Sdaompme,fZif;rsm;? pOfqufrjywf jznfhwif;pme,fZif;rsm;? pOfqufrjywf jznfhwif;pme,fZif;rsm;? pOfqufrjywf jznfhwif;pme,fZif;rsm;? pOfqufrjywf jznfhwif;pme,fZif;rsm;? pOfqufrjywf jznfhwif;a&;/a&;/a&;/a&;/a&;/

Globalization jzpfpOfwGif trDvkdufygEkdifa&;twGuf urÇmESifh t0ef;&Sde,fy,ftoD;oD;\ pOfqufrjywfajymif;vJrIukd od&SdEkdif&ef jzpfonf/*sme,f? r*¾Zif; tygt0if Up-Date

jzpfaeaom okawoepmwrf;rsm;onfynm&yfqkdif&m aemufqkH;awGU&Sdcsuf?tawG;tac:opfrsm; yg&Sdygonf/ (rSwfcsuf/

/ pmMunfhwkduftm; ydwf &ufr&Sd zGifhvSpf&efvkdtyfygonf/ Moscow University Library

onf 'kwd,urÇmppftwGif;üyif ydwf&ufr&Sd[k rSwfwrf;rsm;t& od&onf/)

(4) (4) (4) (4) (4) Quick Reference rsm;rsm;rsm;rsm;rsm;tvG,fwul&SmazGEkdifa&;/tvG,fwul&SmazGEkdifa&;/tvG,fwul&SmazGEkdifa&;/tvG,fwul&SmazGEkdifa&;/tvG,fwul&SmazGEkdifa&;/

EkdifiHa&;? vlrIa&;? pD;yGm;a&;u@rsm;\ touf[kqkdEk difrnfhtajccHokawoe? zGHUNzKd;a&;okawoevkyfief;rsm;tm; xda&mufpGm yHhykd;Ekdifonfh Quick

Reference rsm; t&efoifhxm; &Sd&rnfjzpfonf/ okd YrSom vdktyfaomtcsuftvufukd pmtkyfrsm;pGm tptqkH;zwf½I&SmazG&ef tcsdefukefoufomrnfjzpfonf/ pmMunfhwkduf\ pmpkpm&if;rsm;üvnf; jznfhpGufrSwfpk tNrJjyKvkyf &rnfjzpfonf/ ta&;BuD;tokH;0ifyg urkduú½kdzvif? pD'D&Grfjzifh odrf;qnf;xm;&rnf/ pmMunfhwkduf0efxrf;rsm;taejzifh pmMunfhwkdufukd tokH;jyK&efvkdtyfaom ynm&yfrsm;twGufoufqkdif&mtcsufrsm; rnfonfhpmtkyf\rnfonfhae&m? rnfonfhu@ü yg&Sdonfukd pmom;ygrusef wduspGmoufqkdif&m pmpkpm&if;? tnTef;rsm;rS&SmazGay;Ekdif&ygrnf/ aiGaMu;tiftm;awmifhwif;ygu uGefysLwmtokH;jyKíQuick Reference tvG,fwul &&Sd atmifaqmif&Guf&rnfjzpfonf/

(5) jyifyiSm;&rf;rI Muyfrwfaom(5) jyifyiSm;&rf;rI Muyfrwfaom(5) jyifyiSm;&rf;rI Muyfrwfaom(5) jyifyiSm;&rf;rI Muyfrwfaom(5) jyifyiSm;&rf;rI Muyfrwfaompepfjzifh aqmif&Gufa&;/pepfjzifh aqmif&Gufa&;/pepfjzifh aqmif&Gufa&;/pepfjzifh aqmif&Gufa&;/pepfjzifh aqmif&Gufa&;/

pmtkyfpmayudk wefzk d;xm;jrwfEkd;aom ynm&Sifrsm;onfyifvQiftao;tzGJudpörsm;udk tm½kHrpkdufrdwwfbJ arhavsmhavh&S dwwfaomaMumifh iSm;&rf;&mwGif &ufra&G;? vlra&G;?tvkyftukdifra&G;bJ pnf;urf;Muyfrwf&ef vkdtyfygonf/ BuKH&mvl pm&if;ukdifjcif;? iSm;&rf;ol\ *kPfodu©mtwkdif;twmaMumifh vG,fvG,fiSm;jcif;

wkdYaMumifh aysmuf&SrI rsm;jym;wwfonf [ktjynfjynfqkdif&m pmMunfhwkdufrsm;tzGJUcsKyf\ ppfwrf;wpfckt& od&yg onf/

(6)(6)(6)(6)(6) jynfwGif;jynfy pmMunfhwkdujynfwGif;jynfy pmMunfhwkdujynfwGif;jynfy pmMunfhwkdujynfwGif;jynfy pmMunfhwkdujynfwGif;jynfy pmMunfhwkduff ffftcsif;csif; pOfquftjywf qufoG,ftcsif;csif; pOfquftjywf qufoG,ftcsif;csif; pOfquftjywf qufoG,ftcsif;csif; pOfquftjywf qufoG,ftcsif;csif; pOfquftjywf qufoG,frI&Sda&;/rI&Sda&;/rI&Sda&;/rI&Sda&;/rI&Sda&;/

UNESCO ESifh tjynfjynfqkdif&mpmMunfhwkduf tzGJUcsKyfwkdYuvnf; þtcsufukd tav;xm; aqmif&Guf&efwkdufwGef;vsuf &Sdygonf/ pmMunfhwkduftcsif;csif; aqG;aEG;yGJrsm; jyKvkyf jcif;?pmMunfhwkdufqkdif&m A[kokwESifhynm&yftajymif;tvJudk zvS,fEkdif&efCommunication Network jzifh tjyeftvSefqufoG,fapjcif;? pmtkyfpmwrf;zvS,fjcif;? (rSwfcsuf/ / acwfrD enf;ynmwkd;wufvmonfhtwGuf rkduú½kdzvif? pD'D&GrfwkdYjzifh jyefYyGm;atmifaqmif&GufEkdifNyD jzpfonf/) rdrdwkdYpmMunfhwkdufwGif tjcm;pmMunfhwkduf rsm;rSuwfwavmufrsm; xm;&Sd&rnfh tjyiftjcm;pmMunfhwkdufrsm;üvnf; rdrdwkdYuwfwavmuf&Sdaeap&ef aqmif &Gufjcif;(rSwfcsuf/ / 'kwd,urÇmppf rwkdifrD&efukefwuúokdvf pmMunfh wkdufonftar&duefuGefu&ufvTwf awmftygt0ifurÇmESifht0ef; pmMunfh wkduftcsKdUrSuwfwavmufrsm; xm; &Sdygonf/,cktcg tifwmeufukd tokH;jyKítjyeftvSef qufoG,fEk dif íe,fedrdwftwm;tqD;r&S d qufoG,faqmif&GufEkdifNyD jzpfonf/)

rsKd;nGefYarmifrsKd;nGefYarmifrsKd;nGefYarmifrsKd;nGefYarmifrsKd;nGefYarmif

Ref: ynmokduf/ / wkdufpkd;


ynm&Sm&jcif;taMumif;&if; ig;&yf

armifjrifUaZmf

&efukefNrKdUawmfESifh tvSrf;uGmvGef;onf[k rqkdEkdifavmufaom ae&ma'otcsKdUwGif aexkdifvsuf &SdMuonfh

wuúokdvf0ifwef;t&G,f vli,fav;trsm;pkxHwGifyif jyify pmtkyfpmay?zwf½IrItavhtx rsm;pGm enf;yg;ae

ao;aMumif; vufawGUBuKHcJh&olwpfOD;u qkdygonf/ xkdYtjyif vuf&Sd ¤if;wkdYoifMum;aeaom ausmif;ynma&;ukdyifvQif rnfonfhtwGufaMumifh oif,lavhvmae&oenf;qkdaom ar;cGef;ukdvnf; uGJjym;pGm rajzqkdEkdifMuyg/xkdYaMumifh ynma&;okawoeynm&SifOHO Friedrich \ Five Ways to Wis-

dom aqmif;yg;yg tcsufig;csufukdynmvkdvm;ol jrefrmvli,frsm;twGufrdwfqufazmfjyvkdufjcif; jzpfygonf/

1/ toufarG;0rf;ausmif;qkdif&mynm&yfwpfckckESifU &yfwnfEkdifa&;

twGuf ynmoif&onf/Education MeansCareers

ynmoifMum;&jcif;twGufvufawGUtusqkH; taMumif;w&m;rSmwpfpkHwpf&maom ynm&yfESifh b0rSm&yfwnf&SifoefEkdifzkdYyif jzpfonf/ ynma&;onf pD;yGm;a&;qkdif&mvkdtyfcsufudkwkHYjyefjznfhpGufay;Ekdifygonf/

toufarG;0rf;ausmif;qkdif&mynm[k qkdvkdufonfESifh twwfynmESifhodyÜHynm&yfrsm;ukdom awG;rdwwfMuygonf/ trSefwGifrl 0dZÆmynm&yfESifh&yfwnfatmifjrifaeolawG rsm;pGm& S dyg onf/ ta&; BuD ;onfr SmodyÜHjzpfap? 0dZÆmjzpfap eufeuf½Idif;½Idif;odjrifwwf ajrmufzkdYyif/

ynma&;pepfwpfckonf vli,frsm;tm; ¤if;wkdY\ tpGrf;tptavsmuftqifhqifh avhvmoifMum;Ekdifonfhtajctae zefwD;ay;Ekdif&ygrnf/

vli,frsm;taeESifhvnf; rdrdtpGrf;tpADZESifh ukdufnDonfhynm&yfukdtay:,HoabmrsKd;r[kwfbJ &yfwnfatmifjrifEkdifonfhtajctaetxd BuKd;pm;&SmazGoifhygonf/

EkdifiHwpfck\ tem*wfykH&dyfukd ykHazmfxkqpfMurnfh tajccHynm ausmif;om;EkdifiHwpfck\ tem*wfykH&dyfukd ykHazmfxkqpfMurnfh tajccHynm ausmif;om;EkdifiHwpfck\ tem*wfykH&dyfukd ykHazmfxkqpfMurnfh tajccHynm ausmif;om;EkdifiHwpfck\ tem*wfykH&dyfukd ykHazmfxkqpfMurnfh tajccHynm ausmif;om;EkdifiHwpfck\ tem*wfykH&dyfukd ykHazmfxkqpfMurnfh tajccHynm ausmif;om;t&G,fvli,frsm;twGuf ynmoifMum;a&;rSm rsm;pGm ta&;BuD;ygonf/ txl; ojzifht&G,fvli,frsm;twGuf ynmoifMum;a&;rSm rsm;pGm ta&;BuD;ygonf/ txl; ojzifht&G,fvli,frsm;twGuf ynmoifMum;a&;rSm rsm;pGm ta&;BuD;ygonf/ txl; ojzifht&G,fvli,frsm;twGuf ynmoifMum;a&;rSm rsm;pGm ta&;BuD;ygonf/ txl; ojzifht&G,fvli,frsm;twGuf ynmoifMum;a&;rSm rsm;pGm ta&;BuD;ygonf/ txl; ojzifhaus;vufa'owGif aexkdifMuaom vli,frsm;onf ausmif;ynmomruaus;vufa'owGif aexkdifMuaom vli,frsm;onf ausmif;ynmomruaus;vufa'owGif aexkdifMuaom vli,frsm;onf ausmif;ynmomruaus;vufa'owGif aexkdifMuaom vli,frsm;onf ausmif;ynmomruaus;vufa'owGif aexkdifMuaom vli,frsm;onf ausmif;ynmomrutaxGaxGA[kokwESifh tjcm; oif,lavhvmp&mrsm; xdawGUqnf;yl;EkdifMu&eftaxGaxGA[kokwESifh tjcm; oif,lavhvmp&mrsm; xdawGUqnf;yl;EkdifMu&eftaxGaxGA[kokwESifh tjcm; oif,lavhvmp&mrsm; xdawGUqnf;yl;EkdifMu&eftaxGaxGA[kokwESifh tjcm; oif,lavhvmp&mrsm; xdawGUqnf;yl;EkdifMu&eftaxGaxGA[kokwESifh tjcm; oif,lavhvmp&mrsm; xdawGUqnf;yl;EkdifMu&eftxl;vkdtyfvsuf &Sdygonf/txl;vkdtyfvsuf &Sdygonf/txl;vkdtyfvsuf &Sdygonf/txl;vkdtyfvsuf &Sdygonf/txl;vkdtyfvsuf &Sdygonf/


2/ vlh,Ofaus;rIxGef;um;jyefh yGm;&efynmoif&onf/Education TransmitsCivilization

urÇmOD;upí ,aeYtcsdeftxdvlom;rsm;onf todynmrsm;tm;vufqifhurf;ay;&if; &Sifoefwkd;wufvmMuonf/ EkdifiHwpfckwGifjzpfap?rdom;pkwpfckwGifjzpfap? rsKd;qufwpfckESifhwpfckonf todtjriftwwfynmukdvufqifhurf;ay;Ekdif&ef vkdtyfygonf/okdYrSom vlY,Ofaus;rIESifh vlrItqifhtwef; jrifhrm;wkd;wufvmayvdrfhrnf/

vlYtzGJUtpnf;tm; &SifoefzGHUNzKd;aprnfh todynm? tawG;tjrif? orkdif;rsm;ukd vufqifhurf;oif,lEkdifonfh vlYtzGJUtpnf;rsm;onf &Sifoefwkd;wufavh&Sdygonf/

ynma&;\ &nfrSef;csufonf vlwpfa,muf\b0ukd ausmfvGefí vlY,Ofaus;rIwpfckvkH;ukd taxmuftuljyKEkdifonfh taetxm;&Sd&ygrnf/

okdYtwGuf w&m;aooabmw&m;rsm;? tpGJtvrf;tmCmwrsm;tm;ausmfvGefonfh ynma&;pepfwpf&yfvkdtyfygonf/

3/ pO f ;pm ;aw G ;ac :ww f&e fynmoif&onf/Education Teaches How toThink

tajymif;tvJrsm;onfh vlrIywf0ef;usifwGif vlwpfa,mufonfausmif;pm oif½kd;rsm;twkdif; b0ukdjzwfoef;í r&Ekdifay/ vlrIb0xJwGiftqifajypGm usifvnfEkdifa&;twGufvlwpfa,mufonf avsmfuefonfhtawG;tac: pOf;pm;rIjyKEkdif&ef vkdtyfayonf/

awG;ac:pOf;pm;rIqkdonfhae&mwGif

trSm;trSef ydkif;jcm;rI? qefYusifbuftjrifrsm;udk vufcHEkdifrI? pdwf"mwfqkdif&mvGwfvyfyGifhvif;rI &Sdjcif;rsKd;ukd qkdvkdygonf/ ausmif;pmoifcef;rsm;rSaeía0zefykdif;jcm;wwfrI? pdppfokH;oyfEkdifrI?aygif;pyfazmfaqmifEkdifrIrsm;tm; oifMum;ay;Edkif&ygrnf/

acgif;ndwfwwfonfh uav;xufjiif;ckHaqG;aEG;wwfonfhuav; ykdrsm;onfh pmoifcef;wpfckuom ynma&;\&nfrSef;csufESifh ykdrkdeD;pyfygonf/

4/ yk*¾K dvfa&;vGwfvyfrI&S d&eftwGufynmoif&onf/Education LiberatesIndividuals

ynmÓPf&Sdonfholrsm;omvQifvGwfvyfrI&Sdonfqkdonfh tqkdtrdefYwpfck &Sdygonf/ qkdvkdcsifonfrSm ynmÓPf&Sdonfh vlwpfa,muftm; tvG,fwul vSnfhpm;tEkdifusifh&ef rjzpfEkdifyg/todtjrifynmr&SdbJ vGwfvyfpGm&yfwnf&SifoefEkdif&ef rvG,fay/

vlwpfa,muftaeESifhvnf;ynmÓPf&Sdonfhtcg? pOf;pm;awG;ac:wwfonfhtcg tpOftvmaESmifzGJUrIrsm;?w&m;aot,ltqrsm;uae vGwfajrmufonfhb0jzifh aeEkdifrnf jzpfygonf/ wpfOD;csif; todtjrifzGHUNzKd;rI&SdNyD;vGwfvyfyDjyifonfh vlawGjzpfrSom vlYtzGJUtpnf;wpfck wkd;wufEkdifrnf jzpfygonf/

ynmÓPfedrfhusonfh vlYtzGJUtpnf;wpfckonf tjcm;olrsm;\tjrwfxkwfrIudk cH&ayvdrfhrnf/

5/ ukd,fusifUw&m;xdef;odrf;wwfap&efynmoif&onf/Education Teaches Morals

rnfrQtqifajyatmifjrifonfh

vlwpfa,mufyifjzpfap ukd,fusifhw&m;apmifhpnf;xdef;odrf;wwfrIr&SdbJESifhat;csrf;onfhb0wpfck r&Ekdifay/ ynma&;\ &nfrSef;csufwpfckrSm ausmif;om;rsm;tm; ukd,fusifhoDv\ wefzkd;ESifhta&;ygykHukd od&Sdxdef;odrf;wwfap&efjzpfygonf/

ausmif;om;rsm;wGif ukd,fusifhw&m;qkdif&m pHEIef;rsm;tm; tav;xm;wwfonfhpdwf yg&Sdvmap&ef ta&;BuD;ygonf/ ]ukd,fusifhw&m;onfom rdrdwkdYb0wpfavQmufvkH;twGuf tapmifhta&Smuf} qkdonfukd ausmif;om;rsm;qifjcifwwf&ef vkdygonf/ ,kd,Gif;aeonfh vlrIywf0ef;usiftwGif;rS vli,frsm;onf ukd,fusifhw&m;pHEIef;rsm;pGefYy,fum twkt,lrSm;&ef vG,fulygonf/ ¤if;wkdYtm; ukd,fusifhw&m;&Sdap&efvnf; ynma&;u qGJaqmifEkdif&ygvdrfhrnf/

txufyg ynmoifMum;&jcif;qkdif&m taMumif;&if;ig;&yfukd ynm&Smolrsm;ESifh ynmay;olrsm;yg pOf;pm;qifjcifoifhygonf/ xkdig;&yfonft<uif;rJh trSefw&m;r[kwfaomfvnf;a,bk,svufcHEkdifonfh oabmw&m;rsm; jzpfygonf/ rsm;pGm aocsmonfhtcsufrSm ynma&;qkdonf &nf&G,fcsufrJh tpOftvmwm0efwpfckr[kwf qkdjcif;yif/

armifjrifhaZmfarmifjrifhaZmfarmifjrifhaZmfarmifjrifhaZmfarmifjrifhaZmf

&nfnTef;&nfnTef;&nfnTef;&nfnTef;&nfnTef;]bmaMumifh ynmoifMu&ovJ} *sL;

(ydawmufajrr*¾Zif; twGJ-1? trSwf-2)Five Ways to Wisdom by Otto

Friedrich from Borzoi College Reader


vkdtyfaeonfUpmMunfUwkdufaumif;rsm;

rkd;psmefEkdifiHwpfck? a'owpfck\ ynmwwfvlOD;a&ESifh ynma&;tqifhtwef;ukdEkdifiHwpfck? a'owpfck\ ynmwwfvlOD;a&ESifh ynma&;tqifhtwef;ukdEkdifiHwpfck? a'owpfck\ ynmwwfvlOD;a&ESifh ynma&;tqifhtwef;ukdEkdifiHwpfck? a'owpfck\ ynmwwfvlOD;a&ESifh ynma&;tqifhtwef;ukdEkdifiHwpfck? a'owpfck\ ynmwwfvlOD;a&ESifh ynma&;tqifhtwef;ukd

,if;a'owGif&Sdaom vlxkpmMunfhwkduf ta&twGufESifh EIdif;,SOfMunfhwwf,if;a'owGif&Sdaom vlxkpmMunfhwkduf ta&twGufESifh EIdif;,SOfMunfhwwf,if;a'owGif&Sdaom vlxkpmMunfhwkduf ta&twGufESifh EIdif;,SOfMunfhwwf,if;a'owGif&Sdaom vlxkpmMunfhwkduf ta&twGufESifh EIdif;,SOfMunfhwwf,if;a'owGif&Sdaom vlxkpmMunfhwkduf ta&twGufESifh EIdif;,SOfMunfhwwfMuonfjzpf&m jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; pmMunfhwkdufrsm;ESifh vli,frsm;twGuf Muonfjzpf&m jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; pmMunfhwkdufrsm;ESifh vli,frsm;twGuf Muonfjzpf&m jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; pmMunfhwkdufrsm;ESifh vli,frsm;twGuf Muonfjzpf&m jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; pmMunfhwkdufrsm;ESifh vli,frsm;twGuf Muonfjzpf&m jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; pmMunfhwkdufrsm;ESifh vli,frsm;twGuf Self

Learning vkyfEkdifrnfh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;pGm ay:xGef;vm&ef vkdtyfaeonf/vkyfEkdifrnfh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;pGm ay:xGef;vm&ef vkdtyfaeonf/vkyfEkdifrnfh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;pGm ay:xGef;vm&ef vkdtyfaeonf/vkyfEkdifrnfh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;pGm ay:xGef;vm&ef vkdtyfaeonf/vkyfEkdifrnfh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;pGm ay:xGef;vm&ef vkdtyfaeonf/

pmMunfhwkdufqkdonfrSm ausmif;om;rsm;omru ausmif;om;r[kwfolrsm;twGufyg owif;tcsuftvufESifh,if;wkdY &SmazGod&Sdvkdonfhtcsuftvufrsm;ukd taxmuftulay;onfh Long

Life Learning Centre jzpfonf[kpmMunfhwkdufynm&yfpmtkyfwpfckwGifazmfjyxm;onf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif vufcsKd;a&wGufí&Ekdifonfh pmMunfhwkdufta&twGufaMumifh jrefrmvli,ftrsm;pkonf pmMunfhwkdufESifh r&if;ESD;Mu/vlOD;a&txlxyfqkH;ESifh ynmwwfvlOD;a& trsm;qkH;[kqkdEkdifonfh NrKdUawmf&efukefwGifyif pmMunfhwkduftcsKdU&Sdaomfvnf;trsm;pku British Council,

USIS wkdYukdom tokH;rsm;Muonf/tcsKdUurl &efukefwuúokdvfpmMunfhwkduf? pmayAdrmefESifh YMCA, UN

pmMunfhwkdufwkdYudk tokH;jyKMuaMumif;avhvmrIt& od&onf/ &efukefNrKdUoCFef;uRef;NrKdUe,fwGif aexkdifNyD;touf 22 cefY&Sdol ausmif;om;wpfOD;url pmMunfhwkdufqkdonfrSm vli,frsm;twGuf tokH;0ifaMumif;? &SdoifhaMumif;ESifh pmMunfhwkdufr&SdvQif bmrSavhvmqnf;yl;vkdY &rnfr[kwfaMumif;&Sif;jyonf/

pmMunfhwkdufaumif;wpfckwGifbmom&yfrsKd;pkHESifh pmtkyfta[mif;topfrQw&efvnf; rsm;pGmta&;BuD;vSonf/ xkdYjyif acwfay: tDvufx&Gefepf rD'D,mvufeufrsm;jzpfonfh N*Kd[fwk½kyfoH? uGefysLwm? Printer ? tifwmeuf?pD'D&Grf? rdwåLul;pufESifh tjcm;atmf'D,kd?AD'D,kdrsm;vnf; &SdzkdYvkdvmonf/ xkdonfwkdYonf pmMunfhwkdufaumif;wpfckwGif&Sd&rnfh tqifwefqmrsm;jzpfaMumif;pmMunfhwk dufynma&;pmtkyfwGifazmfjyxm;onf/ zGHUNzKd;NyD;EkdifiHrsm;üpmMunfhwkdufrsm;ukd 24 em&DywfvkH;


zGifhxm;wwfMuonf/ausmif;om;rsm;? pmwrf;jyKpkolrsm;?okawoe jyKvkyfolrsm;ESifh Dis-

tant Learning twGufygtcsdefra&G; oGm;a&muf avhvmEkdifMu&ef jzpfonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHuJhokdY zGHUNzKd;qJEkdifiHrsm;rSmawmh,if;uJhokdY pHcsdefpHnTef;rsm;ESifhnDonfh pmMunfhwkdufrSm vGefpGm&Sm;yg;vSao;onf/ausmif;om;wpfOD;uawmh avmavmq,fBritish Council uJhokd YaompmMunfhwkdufwGifawmh vkdtyfaomtaxmuftyHh ypönf;ypö,pkHNyD; vufawGUtokH;csí &Ekdifonf[k qkdonf/

vuf&SdwGif pmzwfvkd aomausmif;om;vli,ftrsm;pkonfa,bk,stm;jzifh ¤if;wkdYywf0ef;usif&SdpmtkyftiSm;qkdifukdom tm;ukd;í zwfaeMuonfukd awGU&onf/ ukd,fykdif 0,fzwfEkdifonfrsm;vnf; &Sdonf/ tcsKdUqkdvQif 0,fxm;aompmtkyfrsm;udk pepfwuspDpOfí pmMunfhwkdufi,f wpfcktoGif xm;&SdMuonf/

]]uRefawmfqkd&if &Spfwef;avmufuwnf;u pmtkyfukdzwfwm tck tkyf300 ausmfavmuf&Sdw,f/ 'gukd oyfoyf&yf&yfpDNyD; pmMunfhwkdufykHpHawmifvkyfxm;ao;w,f/ ta[mif;a&mtopfa&m &Sdw,f}} [k touf 22 cefYt&G,f&Sd oCFef;uRef;NrKdUe,fwGif aexkdifaom vli,fwpfOD;u qkdonf/xkdYjyif ukvor*¾tzGJUtpnf;wpfckwGifwm0efxrf;aqmifaeaom touf 30cefYt&G,f jrefrmvli,fwpfOD;uvnf;rdrdzwfonfrSm t"dutm;jzifh Politi

cal Science bmom&yfjzpfaMumif;?,cifu pmtkyfukdBuKdufvQif 0,fzwfwwfaMumif;? ,ckqkdvQif South East

Asia Studies ukd avhvmaeaMumif;?Paper wpfapmifvnf; vkyf&ef BuKd;pm;aeonfhtwGuf ukd;um;pmtkyftwGuftcuftcJawGU&aMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

ukd;um;p&m bmom&yfqkdif&mpmtkyfrsm;ESifh tjcm;pmtkyfrsm;onftiSm;qkdifwGifrqkdxm;ESifh pmMunfhwkduftcsKdUüyif &Sm;yg;vSonf/ ,ckqkdvQifaps;uGuftwGif;&Sd pmtkyfrsm;rSmvnf;pmtkyfaps;EIef; jrihfvmonfhtwGufukd,fykdif0,fzkdY tawmfpOf;pm;ae&onf[k qkdMuonf/ okdYjzpfí vli,frsm;onf pmMunfhwkdufudkom tm;ukd;Mu&awmhrnf/ jrpfBuD;em;NrKdUwGif aexkdifolausmif;om;wpfOD;uawmh rdrdwkdYteD;wpf0kdufwGif pmMunfhwkduf ESpfck&SdNyD;ESpfckpvkH;onfvnf; ydwfxm;onfhtcsdefursm;aMumif;ESifh zGifhjyefawmhvnf; zwfNyD;om;pmtkyfu rsm;NyD; pmtkyfxyfwkd;rvmaMumif; qkdonf/

xkdYaMumifh pmMunfhwkdufwpfck

wGif pmtkyfpkH&efESifh xkduJhokdY pmMunfhwkdufrsm; zGHUNzKd;vmzkdY vkdvmonf/onfae&mwGif pmMunfhwkdufrsm;üa&&Snf&yfwnf&efvnf; vkdvmonf/&Sdoifh&Sdxkdufaompmtkyfrsm;? Facilities

rsm;&Sd&ef vkdvmonf/ pmMunfhwkduftkyfcsKyfrIynmpmtkyfwpftkyfü pmMunfhwkdufrsm;twGuf (M) av;vkH;&Sd&rnf[k a&;om;xm;onf/ ,if;wkdYrSmManagement, Money, Man Power ESifhMaintenance wdkY jzpfonf/ okdYrSomvk dtyfonfuk d jznf hqnf;Ed ki f Ny D;0efaqmifrIaumif;aumif; ay;Ekdifrnf/þuJhokdY pepfwus pDrHxm;rSompmMunfhwkdufaumif;wpfck jzpfay:vmEkdifayrnf/ xkduJhokd Y acwfrDaompmMunfhwkdufaumif;rsm; ay:xGufvmumvli,frsm; pmayESifh&if;ESD;uRrf;0ifaeygrSom ,if;wkdY\ tawG;tac:ESifh todÓPfwkdY jrifhrm;vmEdkifayvdrhfrnf/

rkd;psmefrkd;psmefrkd;psmefrkd;psmefrkd;psmef


NrKd h jyvlOD;a&ajymif;a&TY0ifa&mufrIESifU

tvkyftukdiftcGifUtvrf;rsm;t*¾

aus;vufrSonf NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY a&TUajymif;0ifa&mufrIrsm;onf tm&SvlrIaus;vufrSonf NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY a&TUajymif;0ifa&mufrIrsm;onf tm&SvlrIaus;vufrSonf NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY a&TUajymif;0ifa&mufrIrsm;onf tm&SvlrIaus;vufrSonf NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY a&TUajymif;0ifa&mufrIrsm;onf tm&SvlrIaus;vufrSonf NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY a&TUajymif;0ifa&mufrIrsm;onf tm&SvlrItokdif;t0kdif;twGuf tpDtrHESifh p½kdufvu©Pmrsm;ukd ajymif;vJrIrsm; jzpfay:aptokdif;t0kdif;twGuf tpDtrHESifh p½kdufvu©Pmrsm;ukd ajymif;vJrIrsm; jzpfay:aptokdif;t0kdif;twGuf tpDtrHESifh p½kdufvu©Pmrsm;ukd ajymif;vJrIrsm; jzpfay:aptokdif;t0kdif;twGuf tpDtrHESifh p½kdufvu©Pmrsm;ukd ajymif;vJrIrsm; jzpfay:aptokdif;t0kdif;twGuf tpDtrHESifh p½kdufvu©Pmrsm;ukd ajymif;vJrIrsm; jzpfay:aponf[k tm&Stajymif;tvJrsm; pmtkyfa&;om;ol onf[k tm&Stajymif;tvJrsm; pmtkyfa&;om;ol onf[k tm&Stajymif;tvJrsm; pmtkyfa&;om;ol onf[k tm&Stajymif;tvJrsm; pmtkyfa&;om;ol onf[k tm&Stajymif;tvJrsm; pmtkyfa&;om;ol John Naisbitt u qkdonf/u qkdonf/u qkdonf/u qkdonf/u qkdonf/tvm;wl jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; aus;vufrS NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY 0ifa&mufvmrIrsKd;ukdtvm;wl jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; aus;vufrS NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY 0ifa&mufvmrIrsKd;ukdtvm;wl jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; aus;vufrS NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY 0ifa&mufvmrIrsKd;ukdtvm;wl jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; aus;vufrS NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY 0ifa&mufvmrIrsKd;ukdtvm;wl jrefrmEkdifiHwGifvnf; aus;vufrS NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY 0ifa&mufvmrIrsKd;ukd1990 jynfhvGefESpfrsm;qDrS pwifí xifomjrifompGm awGUjrif&rI &Sdvmonf[k1990 jynfhvGefESpfrsm;qDrS pwifí xifomjrifompGm awGUjrif&rI &Sdvmonf[k1990 jynfhvGefESpfrsm;qDrS pwifí xifomjrifompGm awGUjrif&rI &Sdvmonf[k1990 jynfhvGefESpfrsm;qDrS pwifí xifomjrifompGm awGUjrif&rI &Sdvmonf[k1990 jynfhvGefESpfrsm;qDrS pwifí xifomjrifompGm awGUjrif&rI &Sdvmonf[kqkd&rnfjzpfonf/qkd&rnfjzpfonf/qkd&rnfjzpfonf/qkd&rnfjzpfonf/qkd&rnfjzpfonf/

jrefrmEkdifiH\ vuf&SdvlOD;a&onf 53 oef;rQ &SdvmNyDjzpfaomfvnf;vlOD;a&aexkdifrIESifhpyfvsOf;í wpfEkdifiHvkH;twkdif;twmESifh wpfpwk&ef;rkdifwGif204 OD;rQ aexkdifvsuf&Sdojzifh EkdifiH\tus,ft0ef;ESifh EIdif;,SOfwGufcsufrnfqkdygu vlaeusJyg;aeao;onf[kqkdEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ txufwGif azmfjycJhonfhtwkdif; ajymif;a&TUaexkdifrI[kqkd&mwGif &efukefNrKdUtygt0if e,fNrKdUBuD;rsm;okdY ajymif;a&TUaexkdifrIrsm;ütxl;ojzifh 2000 jynfhESpf &efukefNrKdU\vlOD;a&onf 5.6 oef;rQ&Sd&m ,ckvuf&SdtcsdefwGif oufqkdif&m pm&if;Z,m; xkwfjyefcsufrsm;t& 5.8 oef;rQ&SdvmNyDjzpfonf/ ta&twGuftm;jzifhESpfpOf vlwpfodef;rQ ajymif;a&TUaexkdifvsuf&Sdonf[k NrKdU&GmESifh tkd;tdrfzGHUNzKd;a&;OD;pD;XmerS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u


awGUqkHcef;wpfckwGif xkwfazmfajymMum;cJhonf/ &mckdifEIef;tm;jzifh wGufcsufrnfqkdu ESpfpOf 0.7 &mckdifEIef;rQ&Sd&mvuf&Sd &efukefNrKdU (NrKdUv,f Down

Town)\ wpfpwk&ef;rkdifwGif vlOD;a&wpfodef;ig;aomif;rQ aexkdifvsuf&Sdonf[k w&m;0if udef;*Pef;rsm;t&od&onf/

jrefrmEkdifiHenf;wl tdrfeD;csif;EkdifiHwpfckjzpfonfh xkdif;EkdifiHü vGefcJh onfh1992 ckESpf Ekd0ifbmvrS 1993 ckESpfarvtwGif; befaumufNrK dUawmftygt0if tjcm;aom NrKdUBuD;rsm;qDokdYvlOD;a&wpfoef;rQ ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrIrsm;&SdcJh&m þonfyifvQif aus;vufa'o pD;yGm;a&;zGHUNzKd;rItwGuf EId;aqmfcsufwpf&yfjzpfonf[k tqkdygXme\wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u xkwfazmfajymMum;cJhonf/

tb,faMumifhqkdaomf NrKdUjyrsm;qDokdY ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrIrsm;onfvlOD;a&odyfonf;rIESifhtwl tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;qkdif&m tcuftcJrsm;ESifh vlrI'ku©rsm;ukd jzpfay:apjcif;aMumifh jzpfonf/ okdYjzpfí ,cktcgjrefrmEkdifiHwGif aus;vufa'orsm;ygrusef EkdifiHwpfeHwpfvsm; vkdtyfaomtajccHtaqmuftODrsm; jznfhqnf; vsuftMum;tvyfr&S dapbJ zG H U NzK d;wk d;wufa&;rsm;ukd vkyfaqmifvsuf &Sdonf[k EkdifiHykdif owif;pmrsm;wGifazmfjycsuft& od&Sd&onf/ okdY&mwGifNrKdUjytvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;qkdif&mESifhywfoufí tm&SzGHUNzKd;a&;bPfrS pD;yGm;a&;ynm&SifwpfOD;url NrKdUaevlOD;a&rsm;jym;vmrIaMumifh tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf; enf;yg;rIukd jzpfay:aponfr[kwfbJ pD;yGm;a&;rl0g' aMumif;usKd;qufEG,frIrsm;onfomvQif y"meusonf[k qkdonf/

vuf&SdjrefrmEkdifiHonf EkdifiHwpfckvkH;\ vuf&SdvlOD;a&tcsKd;ESifh EIdif;,SOfygu vlaeodyfonf;rI BuD;rm;jcif; r&SdbJp D ;y G m ;a&;tc Gi f htvr f ;r sm ;E Si f hjynfhpkHvkHavmufrI &Sdaeao;onf[ka,bk,s okH;oyfEkdifayonf/ okdY&mwGifaps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepfESifhtwl ajymif;vJvmonfh NrKdUjy0ifaiG? tcGifhtvrf;ESifhNrKdUjyb0\ ESpfvkdzG,ftajctaewkdYaMumifh ,ckuJhokdY ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufjcif;ESif htwl pdwfqE´jyif;jyaomawmifhwrIwkdYvnf; wkd;vmonf[k qkdEkdifayonf/

xkd YaMumif h þtajctaewkd YvkdufavsmnDaxGjzpfap&ef atmufygtwkdif; pDrHjyifqifEkdifayonf/

(1) pkdufysKd;a&;u@rS pD;yGm;a&; t&wGufajcukduf tjrwf&ap&efwGifacwfrDenf;pepfopfrsm; ykdrkdtokH;jyKa&;ESifhtwl aiGukefcHwnfaqmuf jznfhqnf;xm;onfh qnfajrmif;pepfrsm;\ukefusp&dwfrsm; umrdapa&;twGufoD;ESHav;ig;rsKd;cefY wkd;csJUpkdufysKd;jcif;rsm;jyKvkyfa&;?

(2) pk dufysK d;a&;u@qkdif&mykdYukefwkd;csJUxkwfvkyfrI rl0g'rsm; csrSwf a&;?

(3) NrKdUjypufrIvkyfief;rsm;\ tcpm;vkyfief;&yfwkdY\ tcGifhtvrf;rsm;enf;wl tjcm; ½kd;&mvkyfief;rsm;\

tajctaeaumif;rsm;ukdvnf; vkdufavsmnDaxG jr§ifhwifum ykdrkdESpfoufvmapa&; rl0g'rsm; csrSwfEkdifa&;[lí jzpfonf/

pkdufysKd;a&;EkdifiHwpfckjzpfonfhtwGufvuf&SdvlOD;a&\ 70 &mckdifEIef;rQaomjrefrmEkdifiHom;wkdYonf aus;vufaejynfolrsm; jzpfonf/ tvkyfvkyfukdifolOD;a&\ 56 &mckdifEIef;onf pkdufysKd;a&;vkyfief;qkdif&m qufpyfvkyfief;rsm;wGifvkyfukdifvsuf &SdMuonf/ xkdYaMumifh þokdYaus;vufrS NrK dUjyokd Y ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrIrsm;\ tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;rsm; ajyvnfatmif ajz&Sif;ray;Ekdifygu EkdifiHwpfck\ zGHUNzKd;wkd;wufa&;twGuf t[efYtwm;rsm; jzpfvmEkdifayonf/

okdYaomf urÇmay:&Sd rnfonfhEkdifiHrQ jyóemESifh uif;vGwfonf[lír&SdEkdif[k pD;yGm;a&;ynm&Siftrsm;pkurSwfcsufjyKonf/ NyD;cJhonfh 2000 jynfhESpfUNDP \ Human Development Report

tqkdt& aus;vufrS NrK d U jyok d Yajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrIonf urÇmESifht0ef;ESpfpOf 4.6 &mckdifEIef;rQ &Sdonf[kod&Sd&onf/ xkdYaMumifh aemif vmrnfhq,fpkESpftwGif; tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;opfaygif; wpfbDvD,HrQ

vuf&SdjrefrmEkdifiHonf EkdifiHwpfckvkH;\ vuf&SdvlOD;a&tcsKd;ESifU EIdif;,SOfygu vlaeodyfonf;rI BuD;rm;jcif;r&S dbJ pD;yGm;a&;tcGif Utvrf;rsm;ESifU jynfUpk HvkHavmufrI &Sdaeao;onf[k a,bk,s okH;oyfEkdifayonf/okdh&mwGif aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepfESifUtwl ajymif;vJvmonfU NrKdY jy0ifaiG?tcGifUtvrf;ESif U NrKd Y jyb0\ ESpfvkdzG,ftajctaewkd haMumifU ,ckuJUokd Ya jymif;a&T Y0ifa&mufjcif;E Si f Utwl pdwfqE´ jyif; jyaom awmif UwrIwk d hvnf; wkd;vmonf[k qkdEkdifayonf/


vkdtyfvmrnfjzpfonf[k ,if; tpD&ifcHpmu qkdonf/ tqkdygjzpf&yfrsm;onfpufrIzGHUNzKd;NyD; urÇmhtiftm;BuD;EkdifiHwpfckjzpfonfh tar&duefjynfaxmifpküyifvQifajz&Sif;r&Ekdifao;onfh jyóemrsm; jzpfonf/ tvm;wl NrKdUjyqkdif&m aemufqufwGJ tusKd;oufa&mufrIrsm;tjzpfykdYaqmifa&;u@tcuftcJrsm;? tajccHtaqmuftOD? vlOD;a&wkd;yGm;rIqkdif&marG;zGm;rIxdef;csKyfa&;ESifh vlrIqkdif&mae&mcsxm;rI ponfh tcuftcJrsm;ukdjzpfay:apEkdifonf[k jynfolYaeYpOfowif;pm\ aqmif;yg;wpfyk'fwGifazmfjycJhonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHonfvnf; &efukefNrKdUawmfukd A[kdjyKí pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;vkyfukdifrIrsm;aMumifh ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrIrsm; &SdvmNyDjzpfonf/ okdYaomf tm;omcsufwpfcktaejzifh qkd&vQif tmqD,Ha'owGif;EkdifiHrsm;&Sd befaumuf? reDvm

ponfh NrKdUawmfrsm;uJhokdY EkdifiH\ wpfckwnf;aom pufrIA[kdXmersm;tjzpfwnf&SdraebJ pufrIZkefrsm;ukd EkdifiHtESHYjzefYusuf wnf&SdrIonf aemiftem*wfwGif wpfEkdifiHvkH;twkdif;twmESifh tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf; tajctaeaumif;rsm;ukd zefwD;Ekdifrnf jzpfayonf/

pifppftm;jzifh aus;vufrS NrKdUjyukefxkwfvkyfief;rsm;okdY a&TUajymif;0ifa&mufrIaMumifh tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;qkdif&mjyóem&yfrsm;onf orkdif;jzpfpOfwpfckyif jzpfonf/

,ckvuf&Sd pufrIzGHUNzKd;NyD; EkdifiHrsm;onfvnf; þenf;jzifhyif pkdufysKd;a&; v,f,mu@rS tvkyform;rsm;ukdukefxkwfvkyfief;u@okdY ajymif;a&TUEkdifcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ okdYjzpfí tcsdeftcgtvkduf ajymif;vJrIrsm;ukd jyKvkyfEkdif&efvkdtyfayonf/

tb,faMumifhqkdaomf vlOD;a&

ajymif;a&TU0ifa&mufrIESifh qufpyfjzpfpOfrsm;onf pD;yGm;a&;ykHoP²mef uGJjym;jcm;em;rI (Economic Dualism) tay:tajccHaejcif;aMumifhyif jzpfonf/

xkdYaMumifh jrefrmEkdifiH\ pD;yGm;a&;tajccHaumif;rsm; wnfaqmufrIonfEkdifiH\ pD;yGm;a&;zGHUNzKd;wkd;wufvmonfhenf;wl u@toD;oD;onfvnf;vkdufavsmnDaxGjzpfap&ef ta&;BuD;ayonf/ okdYrSomvQif vlOD;a& pD;arsmrIrsm;ukd uefYowfEkdifrnf jzpfonf/

ed*kH;csKyfqkd&vQif urÇmvkH;qkdif&mvlrItokdif;t0ef;[lonfrSm acwfrDNrKdUjyvlrItokdif;t0ef;ykHoP²mefjzifhajymif;vJvmonf[k qkdEkdifaomfvnf;vlrIqkdif&mESifh ywf0ef;usifqkdif&mponfrsm;ESifh pyfvsOf;í uscHokH;pGJ aomaiGaMu;yrmPrSm ,aeY NrKdUjy rsm;\0efxkyf0efykd;wpfckyif jzpfonf/ Oyrm-a&? rD;? tkd;tdrfESif h yk d Yaqmifa&;u@tjyif tvkyftukdif tcGifhtvrf;rsm; ponfwkdYjzpfonf/ okdYaomf tcGifhtvrf;ESifh arQmfvifhcsufwkdYaMumifh NrKdUjywkdY\ toGifoP²mefonf tNrJajymif;vJvsuf &Sdwwfonf/ xkdYaMumifh jrefrmEkdifiH\ vlOD;a&ajymif;a&TUrIrsm;ukd pepfwus ukdifwG,fajz&Sif;rI tm;enf;yguvlwpfOD;csif;twGufomru tem*wfjrefrmhpD;yGm;a&;b0 t[efYtwm;wpfcktjzpf ay:xGef;vmEkdifayonf/okdYjzpfí wifhoifhavsmufywfaomv,f,mESifh pufrIvkyfief;qkdif&mrl0g'ponfwkdYukd csrSwfvkyfaqmifjcif;jzifhpD;yGm;a&;toGifoP²mef uGmjcm;rI (Eco-

nomic Dualism) avsm hyg;aprnfjzpfonf/ þokdYjzifh jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&;ypöKyÜefESifh tem*wfumv ESpf&yfvkH;twGuf tajctaeaumif;rsm;ukd azmfaqmifEkdifrnfjzpfonf/

t*¾t*¾t*¾t*¾t*¾


trsKd;orD;wkdh\ pGrf;&nfESifUwkd;wufrI

ZifZifaomf

puúefYESifhftrQ ajymif;vJaeaomþurÇmü rnfonfht&mukdrQ ykHaowGufqír&/ ,cifu *sif;xnfrsm;\ *kPfj'yfonf xlxJrmausm ckdifcHhjcif;jzpfonf/ xkdrSwpfzef a&GUvsm;aeaomacwftwGif; *sif;xnfrsm;ukd

oD;jcm;pD&oD;jcm;pD&oD;jcm;pD&oD;jcm;pD&oD;jcm;pD&yfwnfaecJhMuaom aysmhaysmif;jcif;ESifh rmausmjcif;wkdYonf ]ajymif;vJjcif;onfom rajymif;vJaom w&m;jzpfonf}yfwnfaecJhMuaom aysmhaysmif;jcif;ESifh rmausmjcif;wkdYonf ]ajymif;vJjcif;onfom rajymif;vJaom w&m;jzpfonf}yfwnfaecJhMuaom aysmhaysmif;jcif;ESifh rmausmjcif;wkdYonf ]ajymif;vJjcif;onfom rajymif;vJaom w&m;jzpfonf}yfwnfaecJhMuaom aysmhaysmif;jcif;ESifh rmausmjcif;wkdYonf ]ajymif;vJjcif;onfom rajymif;vJaom w&m;jzpfonf}yfwnfaecJhMuaom aysmhaysmif;jcif;ESifh rmausmjcif;wkdYonf ]ajymif;vJjcif;onfom rajymif;vJaom w&m;jzpfonf}[lonfhtwkdif; csdefn§dajymif;vJpD;qif;vmMujcif;tm; acwfa&pD;twGif; jrifawGUae&onfh o½kyfouef[lonfhtwkdif; csdefn§dajymif;vJpD;qif;vmMujcif;tm; acwfa&pD;twGif; jrifawGUae&onfh o½kyfouef[lonfhtwkdif; csdefn§dajymif;vJpD;qif;vmMujcif;tm; acwfa&pD;twGif; jrifawGUae&onfh o½kyfouef[lonfhtwkdif; csdefn§dajymif;vJpD;qif;vmMujcif;tm; acwfa&pD;twGif; jrifawGUae&onfh o½kyfouef[lonfhtwkdif; csdefn§dajymif;vJpD;qif;vmMujcif;tm; acwfa&pD;twGif; jrifawGUae&onfh o½kyfouef rSm Eke,fonf[k rSm Eke,fonf[k rSm Eke,fonf[k rSm Eke,fonf[k rSm Eke,fonf[k,lqxm;Mu&aom trsKd;orD;rsm;\pGrf;&nf xkd;xGufvmrIyif jzpfonf/ þonfrSm enf;ynmESifh trsKd;orD;wkdY\pGrf;&nf,lqxm;Mu&aom trsKd;orD;rsm;\pGrf;&nf xkd;xGufvmrIyif jzpfonf/ þonfrSm enf;ynmESifh trsKd;orD;wkdY\pGrf;&nf,lqxm;Mu&aom trsKd;orD;rsm;\pGrf;&nf xkd;xGufvmrIyif jzpfonf/ þonfrSm enf;ynmESifh trsKd;orD;wkdY\pGrf;&nf,lqxm;Mu&aom trsKd;orD;rsm;\pGrf;&nf xkd;xGufvmrIyif jzpfonf/ þonfrSm enf;ynmESifh trsKd;orD;wkdY\pGrf;&nf,lqxm;Mu&aom trsKd;orD;rsm;\pGrf;&nf xkd;xGufvmrIyif jzpfonf/ þonfrSm enf;ynmESifh trsKd;orD;wkdY\pGrf;&nftokH;csEkdifrIrsm; qkHpnf;rI jzpfavonf/tokH;csEkdifrIrsm; qkHpnf;rI jzpfavonf/tokH;csEkdifrIrsm; qkHpnf;rI jzpfavonf/tokH;csEkdifrIrsm; qkHpnf;rI jzpfavonf/tokH;csEkdifrIrsm; qkHpnf;rI jzpfavonf/

aysmhaysmif;El;nHhatmif zefwD;xkwfvkyfvmMujyefonf/ acwf\ awmif;qkdcsuft& aps;uGufrS El;nHhaysmhaysmif;rIukdtvkd&Sdvmonfhtcg,ciftMurf;tcHqkH;*sif;rsm; xkwfvkyfrI[lonfh*kPfukd ykdifqkdifonfh Levis uJhokdY *sif;t0wftxnf

ukrÜPDrsm;rSm xkwfvkyf&&Sdaom tMurf;xnfrsm;ukd acsmarGUEl;nHhrIokdY ajymif;vJ&ef enf;ynmESifh tvkyftiftm;rsm;(Oyrm-Stone Wash) xyfrH pkdufxnfhvm&aMumif; jynfyrD'D,mwpfckESifhLevis xkwfvkyfa&;wm0efcHwkdY awGUqkHcef;ukd zwf½I&mrS od&onf/ xkdenf;wlpGmyif vkyfief;cGif0if trsKd;orD;rsm;onf trsKd;om;rsm;ESifh,SOfaomf obm0u ay;tyfxm;onfh ½kyfydkif;qkdif&mBuHhckdifrIt& aemufaumufuscJh&mrSenf;ynmvTrf;rkd;onfh ÓPf&nfvIyf&Sm;vIdif;xaomacwfwGifrl um,tm;jzifhrrDrurf;BuKd;yrf;&rnfhtpm; ÓPtm;jzifh tH0ifcGifus jyefvnfaysmhaysmif;pGmpGrf;&nfjr§ifhvkyfaqmifvmEkdifMuNyD jzpfonf/ þokdYtm;jzifh enf;ynmoufa&mufrIonf trsKd;om;rsm;tm;vnf;jyefvnf aysmhaysmif;vmapygonf/okdYjzpf&m trsKd;orD;ESifh trsKd;om;wkdYonf ynmtokH;csumvwGif tokH;0ifrIruGm[awmh[k ajymEkdifygonf/

pGrf;aqmifEkdifzG,f&mwu,fwrf;wGifrl um,BuHhckdifrI

obm0w&m;ukd rvGefqefEkdifonfrSty ÓPf&nfwlvlom;rsm;tzkdY rnfolu rnfonfht&mukdrqkd pGrf;aqmifvmEkdifzG,f&m &Sdonf[k aumif;aumif;BuD; ,lqEkdifygonf/ ,if;twGufurÇmvkH;qkdif&mjr§ifhwifa&;wGif ta&;ygvSaom tkdifwDe,fy,fü jrefrmtrsK d ;orD;wk d Y trsK d ;om;rsm;ESi f h&ifaygifwef; ae&m,lvmMujcif;uoufaoyif jzpfonf/ acwftquf


quf abmifcwfcHcJh&aom trsKd;orD;wkdYonf bmoma&;? ,Ofaus;rI? vlrIa&;?EkdifiHESifh vlrsKd;wkdYtvkduf uefYowfrIrwlnDaomfvnf; tiftm; enf;ol[k,lqxm;rI wlnDaomfjim; trsKd;om;rsm;ESifhÓPf&nfwlvlom; rsm;jzpfonfukdawmhjiif;zG,f&m r&Sdyg ay/ ae&mwumü&Sdaeaom rlv tjrifukdom tenf;i,fcsJUygrltrsKd; orD;wkdY\ pGrf;aqmif&nfrsm; ykdrkdawmufycGifh&vmrnf jzpfygonf/

aemufaMumif;jyefolrsm;wpfcgwpf&Hü trsKd;orD;wkdY\

pGrf;aqmifEkdifrIrsm;onf aemufaMumif;jyefrIrsm;aMumifh ydwfqkdYoGm;wwfygonf/ t&Sdeft[kefjzifh tpOfwpkdufa&SUokdY wkd;oGm;aeaom urÇmjyKjcif;jzpfpOftwGif; 0ifa&mufa&GUvsm;&efrSm

aemufaMumif;jyef pdwf"mwfrsm;ESifhrwkd;wkdufrd&ef ta&;BuD;vSonf/,if;wkdYum; orm;½kd;us pnf;0kdif;wGif;rS azmufrxGufao;onfh ½kd;&mxkH;wrf;pOfvm? t,ltqrsm;? vlrIa&;&m wGefYqkwfrIrsm;ESifh um,uH&Siftay: vTrf;rkd;rIwkdYjzpfNyD; 0ef;usif&Sd yk&dowkdY\ t,ltqoabmxm;rsm;vnf; yg0ifavonf/ trsKd;orD;wkdYtwGuf vlom;qefaom omwlnDrQ tcGifhtvrf;&&Sda&;onf trsKd;om;rsm;\ jynfh0us,fjyefYaom tjrifay:üvnf; wpfpdwfwpfykdif; rlwnfvsuf&Sdygonf/ odkYr[kwfygu t&mtm;vkH;onf aemufaMumif;jyefvrf;aMumif;okdYom OD;wnfaeayvdrhfrnf/ qkdvkdonfrSm Oyrmtm;jzifhwm0efay;tyf&mü trsKd;orD;wkdY\wm0ef,lEkdifpGrf;? vkyfaqmifEkdifpGrf;

wkdYukd r,kHMunfwwfMujcif;rsKd; jzpfonf/ ,aeYacwf ,aeYtcs de füaemufaMumif;jyefrIonf aMumufrufzG,f&momjzpfygonf/ trsKd;om;rsm;ESifh wwfpGrf;orQ ,SOfNyKdifBuKd;pm;aeMuaom vkyfief;cGif 0ifa&mufaeoltrsKd;orD;rsm;Mum;wGif ]]bmrSrvkdcsifbl;}} [k a<u;aMumfwwfonfh wvGJo½kyfazmfwwfolwkdYonfvnf; aemufaMumif;jyefvrf;aMumif;ay:rS ydwfqkdYrIwpfckyif jzpfavonf/ ,if;uJhokdY vlrsm;onf wkd;wufrIukd qefYusifolrsm;[k,lq&ygonf/

a&SYwl½lESifU aemufausmMum;wkd;wufrIukd vkdvm;½Ijrifwwfol

wkdYtaejzifh a&SUwl½lokdYom wpkdufrwfrwf wkd;xGufavQmufvSrf;Mu rnfrSm

taotcsm jzp fonf/þokdY avQmufvSrf;&efrSm aemufjyefwkHYiifqGJ,lrIrsm;ukd Oayu©mjyKEkdifaom cGeftm;rsKd; vkdygonf/ ,if;rSm urÇmh&GmtwGif;rS trsKd;orD;wkdYtwGuf vufusefpnf;abmifrsm;yif jzpfonf/BuKd;wef;ay: vrf;avQmufonfqkdvQifrl a&SUwl½lokdY rsufESmrltm½kHpl;pkdufu atmifjrifrI&,lEkdifrnfjzpf&m rdrdwkdY 0ef;usifrSokdYr[kwf aemufausmrS n§yfydwfxm;rIrsm;jzpfonfh ½kd;&mtpOftvm? vlrIa&; wkHYqGJrIrsm;ukdjywfom;pGm y,fcsEkdif&ef vkdtyfvSygonf/ jrefrmtrsKd;orD;rsm;onf teD;pyfqkH; tdEd,rS trsKd;orD;rsm;ESifhf EIdif;,SOfjy&aomfrsm;pGm vlrItcGifhta&;&aomfjim; vkH;0OókH trsKd;om;rsm;ESifhomwlnDrQ vlom;rsm;jzpf&efrl


vkdtyfcsufrsm; &Sdaeygao;onf/rnfokdY yifjzpfap... jrefrmEkdifiHuJhokdY ,Ofaus;rIESifh odrfarGUrIwkdY vTrf;rkd;aomEkdifiH\enf;ynme,fy,fü trsKd;orD;rsm;\vkyftm;pGrf;&nf tokH;0ifvmonfrSmoifhavsmfvkdufzufonfh ikyfvQKd;ADZrsm;ay:xGufvmjcif;yif jzpfygonf/ ynma&;e,fy,fü rnHhcJhaom trsKd;orD;wkdYonf ¤if;wkdY\ t&nftcsif;rsm;ukdtokH;csjyEkdifrnfh acwftajymif;tvJudk&yfwefYapmifhqkdif;aeouJhokdY &SdaecJh&mrSIT enf;ynmacwfu qD;BuKdvkdufjcif;yif jzpfygonf/ ,cktcg jrefrmEkdifiH\IT Industry wGif ta&;ygt&ma&mufpGmpGrf;pGrf;wrH aqmif&Gufaeol trsKd;orD;rsm;rSm trsKd;om;rsm;xuf rsm;jym;aeygonf/ þonfrSm urÇmjyKjcif;jzpfpOf\vkdvm;zG,f&m wkd;xGufajymif;vJvmrIyifjzpfayonf/ pufrIacwfumvrsm;wGiftrsKd;om;rsm;ESifh &ifaygifwef;Ekdif&eftwGuf <uufom;rsm; n§pfxkwfonfhwkdif wef;wlnDrQ ,SOfNyKdifEkdif&ef rvG,fulcJh&mrS ynmacwfokdYa&muf&SdvmonfhtcgcE¨mukd,fwpfckvkH;wGif taysmhaysmif;tEl;nHhqkH; tpkdiftcJ[kqkdEkdifonfhOD;aESmufwpfckwnf;ukd tokH;jyKuma,musfm;om;rsm;xufyif ausmfvGefatmif tm;xkwfEkdifonfhtvm;tvmrsm; &SdvmNyDjzpfonf/

t&nftcsif;ESifU ,kHMunfarQmfvifUrIusm;? r r[l rdrdukd,fukd,f od

aom? rodaom t&nftcsif;rsm; ay:xGufvm&efrSm ,kHMunfckdifrmpGm arQmfvifhjcif;yif jzpfonf/ xkdYtwGuf trsKd;orD;rsm;taejzifh xif&Sm;pGmjzpfap?rxif&Sm;pGmjzpfap t½kd;pGJcJhaom xkH;wrf;pOfvmrsm;ukd azmufxGuf&ef pl;&Saomtjrif? us,fjyefYaom t,ltq&Sd&efta&;BuD;vSonf/ ,cktcg urÇmh&Gm

[kqkdonfhtwkdif; EkdifiHrsm;onf enf;ynmESifh ÓPf&nf[laom ,mOf&xm;jzifh tqD;twm;r&Sd ul;vl;aeMuayNyD/

vGefcJhaom ESpfaygif; 30 cefYujrpf0uRef;ay:a'o&Sd 'g;uqnf[laomaus;&Gmuav;wpf&GmwGif arG;zGm;cJhonfh r,Of,Ofwkd;trnf&Sd trsKd;orD;i,fwpfOD;onf ½kd;jywfeHYoif;aomuGif;jyifrsm;tm; &J0HhpGm ausmckdif;cJhNyD;,cktcgü tm&S\ usm;wpfaumifjzpfonfh pifumylEkdifiHwGif bmomrwlvlrsKd;jcm;rsm;Mum;ü trsm;enf;wl&Sdaeaom OD;aESmufukdyif tokH;csumEkdifiHwumESifh &ifaygifwef; tvkyfvkyfEkdifcJhonfukd om"uwpfcktaejzifhqkdcsifygonf/ þonfum; rdrdukd,fukd,f ,kHMunfrI&SdpGm BuKd;yrf;vkdonfholtm; enf;ynmu o,faqmifay;jcif;yif jzpfonf/

urÇmhorkdif;pOfwpfavQmuf xif&Sm;aomjzpf&yf? rxif&Sm;aomjzpf&yfwkdYukdjyefvnfMunfhygrl xl;cRefajymifajrmufvSonfh urÇmausmf rdef;rqkd;rsm; &SdcJhouJhokdY rmomx&DZmuJhokdY vlY0ef;usifudk aumif;usKd;jyKol jrifhjrwfonfhtrsKd;orD;rsm;vnf; &Sday&m ¤if;wkdY

tm;vkH;wGif rjiif;Ekdifaom ukd,fpDt&nftcsif;wpfckpDawmh &SdMuonfcsnf; jzpfygonf/ þokd Yqk dvQifjrefrmEkdifiH vlOD;a&\ xuf0ufausmf&Sdaom trsKd;orD;rsm;\ pdwf"mwfudkwkHYqkdif;apaom "avhxkH;wrf;pOfvmrsm;ukd azsmufzsufypfum pl;pl;&S&Stjrifopfrsm; ay;pGrf;Ekdifrnf? us,fus,fjyefYjyefY ½Ijrifí jyKjyifajymif;vJ&efvkdtyfaeaom tcGifhta&;ESifh ywf0ef;usif\ oabmxm;rsm;ukd topfvkyfypfEdkifrnfqkdygu jrefrmtrsKd;orD;wkdY\ ikyfvQKd;ADZpGrf;&nfrsm; xGufay:vmum tem*wfwGif EkdifiH\tusKd;ukdpGrf;pGrf;wrH xrf;aqmifay;Ekdifaomtiftm;xkBuD; jzpfvmrnfrSm aocsmvSygonf/

tcsKyftm;jzifhqkdaomf enf;ynmonf tm;vkH;ukd wpfom;wnf; aygif;pyfxkyfykd;ypfvkduf&m trsKd;orD;? trsKd;om;tm;vkH; wlnDpGmyif ÓPf&nfvIdif;xJüul;cwfEkdifpGrf;aom taetxm;okdYa&muf&SdaeNyD jzpfygonf/

ZifZifaomfZifZifaomfZifZifaomfZifZifaomfZifZifaomf


þu@wGif......þu@wGif......þu@wGif......þu@wGif......þu@wGif......

6666666666 qDrD;pmMunfhwkdufqDrD;pmMunfhwkdufqDrD;pmMunfhwkdufqDrD;pmMunfhwkdufqDrD;pmMunfhwkduf

7272727272 vpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;ESifh ukd,fykdif[efvpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;ESifh ukd,fykdif[efvpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;ESifh ukd,fykdif[efvpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;ESifh ukd,fykdif[efvpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;ESifh ukd,fykdif[efwnfaqmufrIwnfaqmufrIwnfaqmufrIwnfaqmufrIwnfaqmufrI

7878787878 tvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmtvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmtvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmtvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmtvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmaom jrefrmhykvJ arG;jrLa&;aom jrefrmhykvJ arG;jrLa&;aom jrefrmhykvJ arG;jrLa&;aom jrefrmhykvJ arG;jrLa&;aom jrefrmhykvJ arG;jrLa&;

8383838383 [kdbuf? onfbuf[kdbuf? onfbuf[kdbuf? onfbuf[kdbuf? onfbuf[kdbuf? onfbuf

8888888888 rkd;av0oESifh vlrIpD;yGm;rkd;av0oESifh vlrIpD;yGm;rkd;av0oESifh vlrIpD;yGm;rkd;av0oESifh vlrIpD;yGm;rkd;av0oESifh vlrIpD;yGm;tusKd;qufrsm;tusKd;qufrsm;tusKd;qufrsm;tusKd;qufrsm;tusKd;qufrsm;

9292929292 a&S;a[mif;ypönf; aps;uGufa&S;a[mif;ypönf; aps;uGufa&S;a[mif;ypönf; aps;uGufa&S;a[mif;ypönf; aps;uGufa&S;a[mif;ypönf; aps;uGuf

9696969696 &efukef ukefpnfaps;uGuf&efukef ukefpnfaps;uGuf&efukef ukefpnfaps;uGuf&efukef ukefpnfaps;uGuf&efukef ukefpnfaps;uGuf

qDrD; pmMunfUwkdufrsm;wif0if;xG#f ? MNM

edpö"l0udpörsm;? pm;0wfaea&;twGuf ay;&aomtcsdefrsm;aMumifhpmMunfhwkdufrsm;okdY wul;wu roGm;a&mufEkdifolrsm;rSm rdrdaetdrfESifh eD;pyfaom pmtkyftiSm;qdkifrsm;ukd tm;ukd;í OD;aESmuftm[m&udk jznhfwif;Mu&ygonf/ pepfuseaom pmMunfhwkdufrsm; tajrmuftjrm; xlaxmif&ef tm;,lqJumvwGif pD;yGm;a&;ESifh 0goemwGJzufvkyfukdifaom pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;\ 0efaqmifrIrSmvnf; ukd,fykdif0,f,l odrf;qnf;&ef tcuftcJ&Sdol

jrefrmEkdifiH\ vlYpGrf;tm;t&if;tjrpfudk pepfwusjr§ifhwif wnfaqmufEkdifjrefrmEkdifiH\ vlYpGrf;tm;t&if;tjrpfudk pepfwusjr§ifhwif wnfaqmufEkdifjrefrmEkdifiH\ vlYpGrf;tm;t&if;tjrpfudk pepfwusjr§ifhwif wnfaqmufEkdifjrefrmEkdifiH\ vlYpGrf;tm;t&if;tjrpfudk pepfwusjr§ifhwif wnfaqmufEkdifjrefrmEkdifiH\ vlYpGrf;tm;t&if;tjrpfudk pepfwusjr§ifhwif wnfaqmufEkdif&eftwGuf rjzpfraevkdtyfaom vli,fb0rSpwifí pmzwfjcif; tavhtxudk&eftwGuf rjzpfraevkdtyfaom vli,fb0rSpwifí pmzwfjcif; tavhtxudk&eftwGuf rjzpfraevkdtyfaom vli,fb0rSpwifí pmzwfjcif; tavhtxudk&eftwGuf rjzpfraevkdtyfaom vli,fb0rSpwifí pmzwfjcif; tavhtxudk&eftwGuf rjzpfraevkdtyfaom vli,fb0rSpwifí pmzwfjcif; tavhtxudkpOfqufrjywf arG;jrLwwfapa&;wGif pD;yGm;jzpfoufoufaqmif&Gufjcif; r&SdaompOfqufrjywf arG;jrLwwfapa&;wGif pD;yGm;jzpfoufoufaqmif&Gufjcif; r&SdaompOfqufrjywf arG;jrLwwfapa&;wGif pD;yGm;jzpfoufoufaqmif&Gufjcif; r&SdaompOfqufrjywf arG;jrLwwfapa&;wGif pD;yGm;jzpfoufoufaqmif&Gufjcif; r&SdaompOfqufrjywf arG;jrLwwfapa&;wGif pD;yGm;jzpfoufoufaqmif&Gufjcif; r&SdaompmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;onf rsm;pGm taxmuftuljyKEkdif&m tqkdygpmtkyftiSm; qkdifrsm;tm;pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;onf rsm;pGm taxmuftuljyKEkdif&m tqkdygpmtkyftiSm; qkdifrsm;tm;pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;onf rsm;pGm taxmuftuljyKEkdif&m tqkdygpmtkyftiSm; qkdifrsm;tm;pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;onf rsm;pGm taxmuftuljyKEkdif&m tqkdygpmtkyftiSm; qkdifrsm;tm;pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;onf rsm;pGm taxmuftuljyKEkdif&m tqkdygpmtkyftiSm; qkdifrsm;tm;qDrD;pmMunfhwkduf qDrD;pmMunfhwkduf qDrD;pmMunfhwkduf qDrD;pmMunfhwkduf qDrD;pmMunfhwkduf (Semi-Library) rsm;[kyif ac:qkd&rnfjzpfonf/rsm;[kyif ac:qkd&rnfjzpfonf/rsm;[kyif ac:qkd&rnfjzpfonf/rsm;[kyif ac:qkd&rnfjzpfonf/rsm;[kyif ac:qkd&rnfjzpfonf/

rsm;twGuf tzkd;xkdufwefaom tjyeftvSef tusKd;oufa&mufrIrsm; jzpfay:apygonf/

pifumylEkdifiH&Sd Shopping Centre

BuD;tcsKdUwGif vli,fpmMunfhwkdufrsm;xm;&SdonfrSm ae&mykdaeí r[kwfyg/NrKdUjya&;&mESifh Sociology uRrf;usifolrsm;u pmMunfhwkdufokdY wul;wuvma&muf&efrvkdbJ jzwfoef;oGm;vmavh&Sdonfhae&mwGif vkdufvHzGifhvSpfjcif;onf ykdrkdxda&mufrI&Sdrnf[k ,lqíjzpfygonf/ ¤if;wkdYcefYrSef;xm;onfh

twkdif; MudwfBudwfwkd; pnfum;rIrSmaeYpOfjrifuGif;wpf&yfyif jzpfonf/(Source: OD;aomfaumif;ESifh/ vli,fESifhtifwmAsL;/ rkd;ZH)

tiSm;pmtkyfpif&efukefNrKdU 37 vrf;&Sd yk*Hpmtkyf

wkdufwGif wkduf&Sd rdrdwkdYtvkd&Sdonfhpmtkyfrsm;ukd rdwåLul;í ,loGm;EkdifNyD;oD;jcm;wefzkd;ray;&bJ rdwåLul;czkd; om,lonf[k ,if;pmtky fwk dufE Si f husrf;jyKpk&ef qufoG,fcJhzl;olwpfOD;uajymonf/

Living Color r*¾Zif; trSwf 96wGif yk*Hpmtkyfwkdufykdif&Sif OD;bMunfonf pmtkyfa[mif;rsKd;pkHtm; 0goemt& &SmazGpkaqmif; wnfaxmifcJhaMumif;?&Sm;yg;pmtkyfrsKd;pkHwGif ESpfaygif; 200cefYu pmtkyfrsm;yif yg&SdaMumif;? þ

,aehpD;yGm;a&;jrifuGif;


pmtkyfwkdufrS pmtkyfrsm;jzifhyifbGJU,l pmwrf;jyKpkí r[mbGJU&oGm;oltrsm;tjym;&SdcJ haMumif;? ynm&Sifrsm;ESifhorkdif;okawoDrsm; vma&mufavhvm&SmazGzwf,l&aMumif; aqmif;yg;&SifuH&Sif\ a&;om;azmfjyxm;onfukdawGU&onf/ xkdYaMumifh þokdYaompmtkyfwkdufrsm;? tiSm;pmtkyfqkdifrsm;onf pmMunfhwkdufoabm ouf0ifaeonfh tiSm;pmtkyfpifrsm; jzpfMuonf/

pmMunfhwkdufqkdonfrSm pmtkyfpmwrf;rsKd;pHkukd pkpnf;odrf;qnf;NyD;iSm;&rf;Edkifaomae&m jzpfaomfvnf;tiSm;pmtkyfqkdiftcsKdUonf pmMunfhwkduf oabmrsKd;r[kwfbJ pmzwfolwkdYavhvmzwf½IEkdifavmufaom pmtkyftcsKdUukd iSm;&rf;Edkifonfukd awGU&onf/

&efukefNrKdU a&ausmf&yfuGufa&Tbkef;yGifhbk&m;teD;rS pmtkyftiSm;qkdifwpfckwGif iSm;&rf;cJholwpfOD;u]]'DpmtkyfqkdifrSm pmtkyfta[mif;a&mtopfa&m awmfawmfpkHw,f/ acwfa[mif;acwfopf ESpfrsKd;pvkH; wifEkdifw,f/ acwfa[mif;pmtkyfawGxJuqkdt&ifacwfuxkwfwJh okduforkdif;?pkef;ua0 pmtkyfawGvnf; &Sdw,f/wjcm;ckacwfrSm jyefrxGufEkdifawmhwJhpmtkyfawG? 'DbufacwfrSmxGufwJhvkdif;pmtkyfawGukdvnf; wjcm;qkdifawGrSmr&EkdifbJ 'DpmtkyfqkdifrSm &Ekdifw,f/wjcm; Oya'a&;&m? usef;rma&;&m?vlrIa&;&mqkdif&m pmtkyfawGvnf;wifNyD; iSm;ay;aewmukd awGU&w,f/avhvmvkdoltzkdYuawmh [efusp&myJ}}[k ajymygonf/

xkdokdY 0efaqmifrIay;aeonfhtiSm;pmtkyfpifrsm;[k ac:Ekdifonfhpmtkyfqkdifrsm;rSm &efukefNrKdUtwGif;üvufcsKd;a&wGufEdkifatmif enf;yg;vS

aomfvnf; pmtkyfqkdifrsm;onf pmzwfy&dowftwGuf tusKd;aus;Zl; rsm;pGm&&Sd&ef taxmuftuljyKaeonfukd awGU&onf/

jynfyZmwfvrf;wGJrsm;ESifUpmtkyftiSm;qkdif

pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;rS pmtkyfiSm;&rf;olrsm;rSm vGefcJhaom av;ESpfESifhpmvQif ,ckESpftwGif; xuf0ufcefYusqif;oGm;onf[k qkdif&SifwpfOD;uqkdonf/

xkdokdY iSm;&rf;rI usqif;oGm;&jcif;ESifhywfoufí '*kHNrKdUopf(ajrmufykdif;)NrKdUe,f&Sd vIdifpmayrS ukd0if;Ekdifu ]]'DESpfawGtwGif;rSm jr0wD? jrefrmh½kyfjrifoHMum; wDADvkdif;awGu Zmwfvrf;wGJum;awG ykdNyD; xkwfvTifhvmvkdYpmzwfwJholawG tJ'Dbuf tm½kHa&mufNyD; pmzwftm; enf;oGm;w,fvkdY xifw,f/ 'DZmwfvrf;wGJawGu y&dowfudk aumif;aumif; zrf;pm;xm;Edkifw,f/ 'gudkb,frSm ykdodomEkdifovJqkd&if tcspf0w¬KzwfwJh aumifav; aumifrav;awG tckaemufykdif;rSm tJ'D0w¬KawGudkzwfwm awmfawmfenf;oGm;w,f/'DEkdifiHuxGufwJh tcspf0w¬KZmwfvrf;awGxuf Zmwfvrf;wGJum;awGqDuZmwfvrf;awGu olwkdYudkykdNyD; qGJaqmifEkdifoGm;w,f/ azsmfajzrItopfawGvli,fxkxJ pdrfh0ifysHUESHa&muf&SdrI[mpmzwftm;ukd awmfawmfavsmhoGm;apw,f}} [k okH;oyfygonf/

A*sDtdrfpmayrS ukdarmifarmifpkd;uvnf; ]]pmtkyftiSm;qkdifawG[muav;y&dowfudk t"duxm;w,fqkdayr,fh 'Dbufaemufykdif;rSm wDAD*drf;vkdaqmh upm;a&m topfawG0ifvmawmhuav;awGu pmtkyfodyfrzwfawmhbJtJ'DbufyJ tm½kHa&mufoGm;wmaygh/

umwGef;pmtkyfwpftkyf iSm;rJhtpm; tJ'Dpmtkyfwefzkd;eJY twlwlay;&wJh wDAD*drf;yJ oGm;aqmhvkdufwmaygh/ aemufNyD;uav;awGrSm ausmif;wpfzuf usL&SifwpfzufeJY ausmif;zGifh&ufawGqkd olwkdYrSm tm;&w,f r&Sdbl;/ pmtkyfzwfzkdYtcsdefudk r&bl;/ ausmif;ydwfrSyJ olwkdYiSm;zwfEkdifMuw,f/ 'DvkdyJ vli,fawGvnf; ynm&yfqkdif&moifwef;awGukdwufae&wmeJY pmtkyfwpftkyfuk daumufukdifzkdYawmif tcsdefray;Edkifawmhbl;}} [k pmzwftm; usqif;oGm;rIukd&Sif;jyygonf/

pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;wGif y&dowfrsm; usqif;oGm;aomfvnf; trmcHy&dowfrSm usef&Sdaeao;onf[k qkdif&Sifrsm;u ajymygonf/ trmcH y&dowfqkdonfrSm oufvwfykdif; oufBuD;ykdif;t&G,frsm;jzpfaMumif;? þy&dowfrSmykHrSefiSm;&rf;rI&SdaeaMumif;? txl;ojzifh,cifu vlBuKdufrsm;cJhaom bmomjyefpmtkyfta[mif;rsm; jyefvnfxGuf&SdvmrIonf ¤if;wkdYtwGuf tawmftqifajyaMumif;? ,cif bmomjyefpmtkyfta[mif;rsm;rSm aysmufqkH;rIrsm;&Sdaeí jyefvnfzwf½IvkdolwkdYtzkdY rsm;pGmtaxmuftuljyKaMumif;? xkdYjyif '*kefa&TrQm;? a&TOa'gif; tp&Sdaom ,cifacwf pma&;q&mBuD;rsm; a&;aompmtkyfrsm;vnf; jyefvnfxGuf&Sdvmíbmomjyefpmtkyfrsm;enf;wl tm;ay;MuaMumif; pmzwfy&dowfusef&SdrIukdpmtkyftiSm;qdkif&Sifrsm;u wGufjyygonf/

pmzwfy&dowftm; enf;oGm;aomfvnf; pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;rSmvufusefazmufonf y&dowfrsm;ESifhqufvuf&yfwnfEkdifvsuf &Sdonf/,if;y&dowfrsm;\ tiftm;onfvuf&SdpmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm; qufvuf


&Sifoef &yfwnfa&;twGuft"du tiftm;pkjzpfaeayonf/

xkdy&dowf tiftm;pktaetxm;udk pmtkyftiSm;qkdifykdif&SifwpfOD;u ]]'Dtpkukd uRefawmfwkdYqufNyD; xdef;xm;&r,f/ olwkdYzwfr,hfpmtkyfawGukd ukd,fut½IH;cHNyD; wifxm;ay;&w,f/pmzwftm;enf;oGm;wJh 'DacwfrSm pmzwftm;aumif;wJhumvuygvmwJh 'Dyk*¾KdvfawGudk trmcHxm;NyD; qufvuf&Sifoefae&w,f/ wpfcsdefcsdefrSmawmh pmzwftm; jyefjrifhvmr,fvkdY uRefawmfwkdY ,kHMunfxm;w,f/ om"uwpfckajym&&if wjcm;ADpD'D? 'DAD'D rsufpdt&om Munfh½IEkdifr,fh azsmfajzrIrsKd; b,favmufay:ay:½kyf&Sif½kHrSm Munfh&wJht&omeJY b,frSmvJEkdifyghrvJ/ 'gaMumifhrkdYvkdYvnf;½kyf&Sif½kHawGrSm MunfhwJhvlawG &Sdaeao;w,f/ 'DvkdykHpHrsKd;yJ pmtkyfwpftkyf udkifzwfNyD; zwfvkdY t&omeJY wjcm; pdwftyef;ajz&m azsmfajzrIrsKd; b,frSm &EkdifrvJ/ pmtkyfuzwfNyD; ukd,fem;csifwJhtcsdef em;NyD; BuKdufwJhtcsdefra&G;aumufNyD; vSefzwfvkdY&w,f/ tJ'Dt&omukd b,frSm &EdkifrvJ/ wpfaeYrSmawmh pmtkyfzwfwJh t&omukd jyefawmifhwNyD; uRefawmfwkdY tiSm;qkdifvkyfief;awGvnf; jyef&SifoefvmrSmyg/uRefawmfwkdYvlrsKd;u ukd,fykdif0,f&r,fqkd&ifwm odyfpOf;pm;wm? iSm;vkdY?tvum;&vkdY qkd&ifwm odyf pdwf0ifpm;wm/ 'Dawmh pmtkyfwpftkyfukd iSm;zwfvkdY&r,fh taetxm;ukd jyefvnfpdwf0ifpm;vmrSm aocsmw,f/ uRefawmfwkdYarQmfvifhxm;ygw,f/ pmtkyftiSm;qkdifvkyfief; jyef&SifoefvmrSmyg}} [lívuf&Sd &yfwnfrItaetxm;rS jyefvnfEkd;xvmrnfhtcsdefukd apmifharQmf

aeykHukd ajymjyygonf/

pD;yGm;jzpf r[kwfygudkarmifarmifpkd;u rdrdwkdYtae

jzif h pmayvkyfief;ukd pdwf0ifpm;0goemygíom vkyfudkifEkdifjcif;jzpfaMumif;? tjcm;pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;uJhokdY aiG&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHNyD; aiGvkH;ceJNyKdufceJ ray:EkdifaMumif;? oifhwifhrQwaom 0ifaiGukdom arQmfukd;&yfwnfae&aMumif; qkdygonf/

tjrwfaiGenf;yg;aomfvnf;pmtkyftiSm;qkdifpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;onfqufvuf&Sifoefaejcif;rSm tiSm;qkdif&Siftrsm;pkonf pmay0goemukdomt&if;cHí zGifhvSpfvkyfukdifaeMujcif;aMumifhjzpfaMumif;? aiGaMu;aMumifhpmtkyfwpftkyfvHk;ukd r0,fzwfEkdifbJtiSm;qkdifukdom tm;ukd;í iSm;zwfaeoltrsm;pku ajymygonf/

pmay0goemBuD;aom tiSm;qkdifykdif&Siftrsm;pkwkdYonf rdrdwkdYqkdifrsm;üpmzwfoltm; tawG;tjrif? A[kokway;Ekdifonfh 0w¬K? r*¾Zif; r[kwfaom&orEG,fonfh aps;uGuftac: vkdif;pmtkyfrsKd;udkvnf; tjrwfr&onfhtjyif t½IH;cHí wifvmMuonfukdawGU&onf/

'*kHNrKdUopfajrmufykdif;wGif pmtkyftiSm;qkdif zGifhvSpfxm;ol ukd0if;Ekdifu

]]uRefawmhfqDrSm 'Dvdkif;pmtkyfawGukd oD;jcm; wifay;xm;ygw,f/ ukd,fukd,füvnf; pmtkyfawGukd zwfwm 0goemygawmhukd,fvnf;zwf&/ wjcm; BuKdufvkdY zwfrJholawGtwGufvnf;tqifajyatmifaygh/ pmtkyfwpftkyf ysrf;rQaps;EIef;u usyfaxmif*Pef;0ef;usifrkdY trsm;pku 0,frzwfEdkifbl;av/ 'Dawmh

pmtkyfwpftkyf 0,fNyD;&if 'Dpmtkyf&JUrlvwefzkd; 10 &mckdifEIef;ukd wpf&ufiSm;c owfrSwfNyD; iSm;&rf;ay;ygw,f/wcsKdUqkd wpf&ufeJYrNyD;bJ ESpf&uf okH;&uf wpfcgwpf&H av;ig;&ufMumoGm;wmvnf; &Sdw,f/ 'DvkdvlrsK d;awGtwGuf iSm;wJh&uftvkdufr,lbJ wpf&uf ESpf&ufpm aps;EIef;yJ ,lvkduf&w,f/ t"duçuawmh ukd,fhvkd pmzwf0goemygwJholawGtwGuf tqifajyapEdkifzkdYtwGufyg}} [k pmtkyfiSm;&rf;rItaetxm;ukd &Sif;jyygonf/

wkdufusESifU tykHrsm;rS

ukdarmifarmifpkd; A*sDtdrfpmaypwifwnfaxmifcsdef 1993 ckESpf0ef;usifü pmtkyftiSm;qkdifwpfqkdif zGifhvSpfvkyfukdifEkdif&ef aiGusyf 3000 omvkdtyfygrnf/

]]tckqkd wpfv tkyf 50 xGuf&if30 yJ 0,fEdkifw,f/ pmtkyftrsm;pku1000 usyf0ef;usif tenf;qkH;vkd jzpfaeNyD/ 2000 usyfausmf&if 0,fzkdYrvG,fawmhbl;/ jyefiSm;&if 0,faps;&JU10 &mckdifEIef;eJY iSm;aeMuayr,fh tJ'Dxuf avQmh&wmyJ rsm;w,f/ tckaepmtkyfqkdifwpfqkdif zGifhr,f/ acRacRwmwm ta[mif;av;eJY rQNyD; pwif


&if wpfodef;avmufukefr,f}} [kpmtkyfqkdifwnfaxmif&ef vkdtyfonfht&if;tESD;ESifh aps;EIef;tajymif;tvJaMumifh 0,fvkdonfhpmtkyfwkdif; 0,f,líqkdifwifiSm;&rf;&ef rvG,fulykHukd ¤if;u&Sif;jyygonf/

udkarmifarmifpkd;uJhokdY pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;taejzifh tysif;ajyazsmfajza&;tvkdYiSm zwf½Iavh&Sdaom pmtkyfrsm;twGuf wkdufuspmtkyftrsKd;tpm;ukdvnf; Mum;n§yf0,f,l&avh&SdaMumif;qkdif&SiftcsKdU\ tqkdt& od&onf/

]]wkdufusqkdwm a&mif;rukefvkdYa[mif;oGm;wJh topfaygh/ pmtkyfxkwfa0a&;awGu pxkwfxkwfjcif; 700 eJYa&mif;? ESpfvavmufMumawmh usefwJhpmtkyfukd 300 atmufqkH; csay;wm/umwGef;usawmh wkdufus wif&wmukdufw,f/ topf 500 qkd wkdufusuwpf0ufyJ? umwGef;u aemufusvnf;jyóemodyfr&Sdbl;/ Top 10 0ifwJhtxJu tay:ykdif; ig;tkyfavmufuawmh xGufxGufcsif; 0,fwif&w,f/t"du vlBuD;a&m? uav;yg zwfavh&SdwJh 0dZÆm? wifarmif0if;? 'D&J*smaygh}} [kwkdufus0,f,lykHudk pmtkyftiSm;qkdifykdif&SifwpfOD;u &Sif;jyygonf/

,cktcgwGif taMumif;t&yf&yfaMumifh pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm; tiSm;usqif;vsuf&Sd&m r*¾Zif;rsm; 0,f,liSm;&rf;rIonf qkH;½IH;rIyrmP trsm;qkH;ukdjzpfay:apaMumif; wmarGNrKdUe,frS tiSm;qkdif&SifwpfOD;u qkdonf/ r*¾Zif;rsm;rSm pxGufcsdefrS wpfvausmfygu iSm;&rf;rnfholr&Sdonfhtjyif jyefvnfa&mif;csyguvnf; 0,f&if;aps;\ 10&mckdifEIef;yif jyefvnfr&&SdEkdifaMumif;?r*¾Zif;rsm;rSm wpfvoufwrf;ausmfvGefygu iSm;&rf;rnfholr&Sdonfhtjyifjyefvnfa&mif;csyguvnf; 0,f&if;\

10 &mckdifEIef; jyefvnfr&&SdEdkifaMumif;¤if;u qkdonf/

A*sDtdrfpmayrS ukdarmifarmifpkd;uvnf; ]]t"du tcuftcJu Qual-

ity r*¾Zif; tcuftcJyJ/ tenf;qkH;u1200 usyfavmuf &Sdw,f/ csKyfceJYqkd1300/ aeYwkdif;iSm;aeus azmufonfukd 100 xufausmfatmif,lNyD;vnf;riSm;csifbl;/ ae&mraumif;&if b,fvkdrS Quailty wifEkdifrSm r[kwfbl;}} [k&Sif;jyygonf/

aeYpOf 0ifaiG&&Sda&;omrupmzwf0goemt&if;cHí tiSm;qdkifzGifhvSpfolrsm;rSm vpOfxkwfpm&if;rsm;tjyif rdrdqkdifukd vma&mufolrsm; zwf½Ivkdonfh pmtkyfa[mif;rsm;udkvnf;&SmazGí qkdifwGif wifxm;avh&Sdygonf/ &Sm;yg;pmtkyfa[mif;rsm;rSm aps;EIef;BuD;jrifhjcif;? jyefvnfxkwfa0yguvnf; &Sm;yg;ta[mif;aps;ESifh ruGmjcm;jcif;? rl&if;wGifyg0ifaom u@tcsKdU ryg0ifjcif;wkdY &Sdygonf/ usyf2000 ausmf 3000 wefzkd;&Sd pmtkyfrsm;ukd zwf½Iolrsm;rSm &ufMum&Snf iSm;&rf;&í wpf&ufiSm;c 10 &mckdifEIef;ausmf&Sdyguvnf; ESpfOD;ESpfzuf wGufajcrukdufMuaMumif; pmtkyftiSm;qkdif&SiftcsKdU\ ajymMum;csuft& od&ygonf/tqkdygtcuftcJukd ajyvnfap&eftwGuf tcsKdUu yvufazmif;ü pkykHa&mif;csaomtcg ta[mif;rsm;xJrSarTaESmuf&SmazGjcif;ukd aeYpOfeD;yg;aqmif&Gufavh&SdaMumif; ¤if;wkdYu qkdonf/

ukdarmifarmifpkd;uvnf; ]]vlodrsm;wJh vlBuKdufrsm;wJh pma&;q&mqkd&ifawmh aps;BuD;vnf; 0,fwifxm;NyD;ig;&mckdifEIef;avmufeJYyJ iSm;w,f/'gawmif &ufMum&if tjynfh,lvkdY r&bl;/ wpfck&Sdwmu ESpfMumvkdY topf

jyefxkwfrS vmar;olawGvm&if olrsm;200 eJY iSm;wJhtcsdefrSm ukd,fu okH;av;ig;q,feJY iSm;Edkifw,f/ pmMunfhwkdufwpfckvkd u@tpkH wifxm;ay;Ekdifatmifawmh 500 weftykHukdyJ t"duarT&w,f}}[k ¤if;\ vkyfaqmifrIukd &Sif;jyonf/pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;\ aiGaMu;tiftm;ESifh iSm;&rf;olwkdY\ okH;pGJEdkifrIwkdY csdefcGifvQm nd§EIdif;rIrSaeí *sme,frsm; qkdifwifiSm;&rf;rIonfvnf; aps;uGuftcif;tusif;opfwpfckjzpfaMumif; ukdarmifarmifpkd;u ajymygonf/

yg0g&def;*sm;ESifU qkdifcef;c]]yg0g&def;*sm;eJY pmtkyfwpfckck

a&G;cs,f&r,fqkd pmtkyfukd ra&G;awmhbl;/ ADpD'Dwpfcsyf0,faps;u av;acGwpfaxmif? iSm;Munfh&if 50 yJxm;/umwGef;pmtkyfa[mif;&ifawmif 300ef;usifqkdawmh rD;vm&if uav;awGu tacGyJ MunfhjzpfoGm;w,f/ ausmif;zGifhcsdefqkd ydkqkd;w,f/ rdbu tdrfpm&Sdw,f/ pmtkyfiSm;&if acGriSm;eJYqkdawmhododomom tiSm;usw,f}} [k ukdarmifarmifpkd;u uav;pmzwfy&dowfrsm;ESifh pmtkyfiSm;qkdifrsm;\ qufqHrItajctaeukd &Sif;jyygonf/

vufvSrf;rDorQ pmtkyfqdkiftcsKdU\ tiSm;pm&if;ukd avhvm&mwGif qkdiftrsm;pkwGif tiSm;&qkH;rSm ½kyfjyumwGef;rsm; jzpfonfukd awGU&onf/ umwGef;tiSm;rsm;ygu wdkufus0,f,l&ít&if;tESD; oufomjcif;? uav;rsm;rSm umwGef;wpftkyfukd tBudrfBudrf jyefzwf&avh&Sdjcif;? Mum&SnfpGm iSm;&rf;NyD;ygu ydómcsdefxufykdrkdaom aps;EIef;jzifh e,fpmMunfhwkdufrsm;okdY jyefvnfa&mif;csEdkifjcif;wkdYaMumifh pmtkyftiSm;qdkifrsm; a&&Snf&yfwnfEdkifa&;twGuftaxmuftulrsm;pGmjyKEkdifonfukd


pmtkyftiSm;qkdif&SiftcsK dU\&Sif;jyrI aMumifh od&ygonf/

0,fvkdtm;ESifh ajymif;jyeftcsKd;usjzpfay:vmaom puúLuGmvwDr*¾Zif;rsm; xkwfa0ol rsm;jym;vmjcif;jzifh pmtkyftiSm;qdkifrsm;rSmvnf; 0,f,l&ef vufwGefYrIrsm; &SdvmaMumif;?pmtkyftiSm;qkdif 0ifaiGrSefap&ef twGufumwGef;uJ hok d Y tjcm;taxmuftuljyKonfhpmtkyfrsm;rSm rif;odcF? rif;jrwfol&? a&TOa'gif;? '*kefa&TrQm;wkdY\0w¬Kpmtkyfrsm;jzpfaMumif; udkarmifarmifpkd;ESifh ukd0if;EdkifwkdYu &Sif;jyonf/taMumif;rSm vlBuD;? uav;ra&G;BuKdufESpfoufNyD; rMumcPjyefvnfzwf½Iavh&Sdjcif;? jyefvnf½kdufESdyfxkwfa0csdefü ta[mif;&Sdaeygu jyefvnfaiGxyfrpkdufbJ tiSm;oGufjcif;wkdYaMumifhjzpfaMumif; ¤if;wkdYu qkdonf/

&efukefNrKdUawmfokdY vlOD;a&wkd;wuf0ifa&mufrI rsm;jym;vmjcif;aMumifhuefx½kdufcef; rsm;jym;vmonfhenf;wlqkdifcef;iSm;&rf;crSmvnf; vlaexlxyfrI ukdvkdufí vkdufygwkd;jrifhvm&m NrKdUe,ftrsm;pk&Sd pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;rSm wkdufcef;rsm;\ avSum;rsm;wGifom ,m,DtajccsMu&ygonf/ tqkdygavSum;ae&mudkyif wmarG? prf;acsmif;? ykZGefawmifNrKdUe,fwkdYwGif usyfwpfaomif;ig;axmifrS ESpfaomif;Mum;? Akdvfwaxmif?vomESifh yef;bJwef;uJhokdY NrKdUe,frsm;wGif usyfokH;aomif;0ef;usif iSm;&rf;cay;acs&aMumif;pkHprf;od&Sd&ygonf/pmayarGUavsmfolrsm;\ aiGaMu;okH;pGJEdkifrItwkd;tavsmh rnfokdYyif&Sdap t½IH;rrsm;Edkif[k ,lqolrsm; xkwfa0a&;aps;uGufokdY xkd;azmuf0ifa&mufvmrIaMumifhpmtkyfxGuf&SdrIrSmvnf; tpOf wkd;wufrsm;jym;vsuf&Sd&m pmtkyftiSm;qkdif vkyfukdifolrsm; taetxm;rSm qkdifcef;

rsm; iSm;&rf;cESifh pmtkyfxyfaqmif;jznfhwif;a&;wkdY ajcueftm;NyKdifqGJyGJ\Mum;cHBuKd;wpfacsmif;ozG,f jzpfvm&onf[k ukdarmifarmifpkd;u qkdygonf/tdrfajc 50 &Sd vrf;i,fwpfckwGifpmtkyftiSm;qkdif ig;qkdifcefY &Sdvmonfhaps;uGufwif;usyfrItjyif &ufMumiSm;&rf;í aiGaMu;tajctaeaMumifhrdwfysufcHolrsm;ukdvnf; ykdrkd&ifqkdifvm&aMumif; &efuif;NrKdUe,frS tiSm;qkdif&SifwpfOD;u &Sif;jyonf/

ynm'ge Self Study rSpmMunfUwkdufokdh

0goemukdt&if;cHí pmtkyftiSm;qdkif zGifhvSpfxm;olwkdYrSm wpfvvQifESpfOD;xuf ykdiSm;&avh&Sdaom r*¾Zif;?*sme,frsm;ukd 0,f,lxm;avh&Sdonfhtjyif bmoma&;qkdif&mpmtkyfrsm;ukdyg tcrJhiSm;&rf;avh&Sdonf/ ukdarmifarmifpkd;\ A*sDtdrfpmayü &SifZeumbd0doH? r[mpnfq&mawmf? rkd;ukwfoifwef;w&m;rsm;? &SifÓPdó&wkdY\pmtkyfrsm;ukd tcrJhiSm;&rf;EkdifonfukdawGU&onf/

]]uRefawmfhqkdifu vrf;usOf;xJa&mufaeawmh pmayavmu(4)ukdtawmfrsm;rsm; oGm;vSLvkdufw,f/olwkdYvnf; "r®'gevkyfvmawmh olwkdYqkdifu vl0ifvlxGufrsm;awmh ykdNyD; zwfjzpfMur,f}} [k ¤if;\ "r®'getpDtpOfukd ajymjyygonf/ xkdYjyif ausmf0if;?armifpl;prf;wkdY\ *vkdb,fvkdufaZ;&Sif;taMumif; a&;om;xm;onfh aqmif;yg;pkrsm;? tjcm; ynm&yfqkdif&m *sme,frsm;ukdvnf; iSm;tm;tenf;trsm;ukdcsdefqjcif;rjyKbJ 0,f,lxm;onf[kqkdygonf/

]]ukd,fwkdifvnf; 'gawGukd odcsifw,f/ riSm;&vnf; ukd,fwkdif zwfjzpf

w,f/ pmtkyfawG pkaewmuvnf;wpfcsdefrSm pmMunfhwkdufwpfckaxmifzkdYtxd &nfrSef;xm;w,f}} [k ¤if;\pmtkyfpkaqmif;ykHudk xyfavmif;&Sif;jyygonf/

]]olrsm;qDrSm vcpm;vkyf&ifrvGwfvyfovkd cHpm;&w,f/ tckvnf; vkyfief;uRrf;usifvmawmh awmf½kHukrÜPD0efxrf;xuf okH;pGJEkdifonfhtjyifpmtkyfawGu tjrwfusefw,f}} [kbGJU&vli,fjzpfaomfvnf; 0goemESifhtvkyftukdif [efcsufnD tqifajyrI&SdykHukd ajymjyygonf/

xdkYjyif ]]pmMunfhwkdufwpfck xlaxmifzkdYu vkyfcsif½kHeJY r&bl;/ vlawGrSm tcsdefeJY tajctaeukdvkdufNyD; bmzwfoihfw,ffqkdwm nTefEdkif&r,f/rzwfzwfcsifatmif nTef;csifwJhapwem[ef&Sd&r,f/ pmMunfhwkdufaxmifzkdYBuKd;pm;aewJh pma&;q&mBuD;wpfa,mufeJYawGUawmh olBuKHawGU&wJh jyóemuolYpmMunfhwkdufukd 0kdif;vkyfay;r,fh EC

awG ukd,fwdkif pmzwf0goemrygbl;/NyD;awmh vlawGukd pmzwfapcsifwJhapwemenf;aew,fvkdY ajymw,f}} [k¤if;\y&dowf pdwf0ifpm;vmonfhtaMumif;t&mrsm;udk uRrf;usifpGm&SmazGay;Ekdifonfhtjyif ¤if;ESifhoduRrf;onfh e,fpmMunfhwkdufrsm;twGufpmtkyftvSLcH pkaqmif;ay;jcif;udk tcrJh0efaqmifrIay;aeonfh udkarmifarmifpkd;u ajymygonf/

owif;pmtwwfynmrsm;ukdpOfqufrjywf avhvmaeol *sme,fwpfapmifrS owif;axmufwpfOD;uvnf; qufvufzwf½Ipkaqmif;rI0goemxkHol vli,frsm;rSm pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm; zGifhvSpfvmonfukd awGU&rsm;vmNyD; ]]uRefawmfwkdYtwGufvnf;trsm;BuD; taxmuftul &ygw,f/


olwkdYu pmvnf; zwfEkdifawmhaqmif;yg;wpfcka&;csif&if wkdifyifvkdY&w,f/ owif;pmynmeJY ywfoufwJhpmtkyfpmwrf;utp &Sdw,f/ Oyrmajym&&if xGef; aeYpOfxkwfcJhwJh owif;axmuf0efBuD; OD;xGef;azpmtkyfawGutp olwkdYqDrSm&Sdawmh uRefawmfwkdYowif;axmufawGudk owif;axmuf0efBuD;qkdNyD; ae&may;cJhwmu tpod&w,f}} [k ¤if;\tawGUtBuKHudkajymjyygonf/ ]ynm&SmolwkdY0kdif;ul}[kpmMunfhwkdufynm&Sif pma&;q&maZmf*sDpmMunfhwkduftoif;twGuf a&;om;cJhonfhaqmifyk'ftwdkif; 0efaqmifrIay;aeaom pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;rSmvnf; pmMunfhwkdufrsm;yif jzpfygonf/

tqkdygtiSm;qdkifrsm;rSm ae&miSm;&rf;rItcuftcJaMumifh avSum;ajc&if;ukd iSm;&rf;ívnf;aumif;? vuf&Sda&pD;aMumif;twdkif; AD'D,dktiSm;qkdifrsm;wGif pm;yGJwpfvkH; pifwpfpifpmae&miSm;&rf;ívnf;aumif; cufcJpGm&yfwnfvsuf&Sd&m tqkdygtcuftcJrsm;ausmfvTm;Edkifa&;twGuf Sociology

bmom&yftm; q&mvGwfavhvmaeolLiving Color rS uarÇm'D;,m;jyefowif;pmq&m atmifausmfrif;\atmufygtBuKHjyKcsufrsm;rSmvnf;pdwf0ifpm;zG,faumif;ygonf/

]]NrKdUe,f &yfuGufawGrSm pmMunfhwkduf&SdNyD; zGifh&ufrrSefwmwkdY? pmtkyftpkHtvifr&SdwmwkdY? wu,fzwfcsifwJhtrsKd;tpm; jznfhwif;rI Gap jzpfaewmwkdY rsm;w,f/ t"du pDrHcefYcGJwJholu0goemwu,fygzdk Yvnf; vdktyf/'gaMumifh tJ'DNrKdUe,f &yfuGufrSm&SdwJhpmay0goemygNyD; tiSm;qkdiftawGUtBuKH&SdwJh vli,fawGukd pDrHcefYcGJckdif;&ifajyvnfoGm;Ekdifw,f/ ae&mowfrSwff

NyD; tiSm;qkdifukd pmMunfhwkdufrSm zGifhcGifhay;/ tusKd;tjrwfudk pmMunfhwkduf&JU tcsKd;uscGJNyD; pmMunfhwkdufrSmvkdwJhpmtkyfukd pmMunfhwkduf&ykdifcGifhaiGeJYolYwkdY wm0efay;xm;NyD; 0,fcdkif;vkdY&

� � � � � � � � � � � � ��

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � ��

� � � � � � ��

pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;\ trsKd;tpm;tvkduff iSm;&rf;&rIppfwrf;pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;\ trsKd;tpm;tvkduff iSm;&rf;&rIppfwrf;pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;\ trsKd;tpm;tvkduff iSm;&rf;&rIppfwrf;pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;\ trsKd;tpm;tvkduff iSm;&rf;&rIppfwrf;pmtkyftiSm;qkdifrsm;\ trsKd;tpm;tvkduff iSm;&rf;&rIppfwrf;

42 %42 %42 %42 %42 % 28 %28 %28 %28 %28 % 27 %27 %27 %27 %27 % 3 %3 %3 %3 %3 %

vomNrKdUe,f? wmarGNrKdUe,f(A*sDtdrfpmay)? '*kHNrKdUopf(ajrmufykdif;)NrKdYe,f?vomNrKdUe,f? wmarGNrKdUe,f(A*sDtdrfpmay)? '*kHNrKdUopf(ajrmufykdif;)NrKdYe,f?vomNrKdUe,f? wmarGNrKdUe,f(A*sDtdrfpmay)? '*kHNrKdUopf(ajrmufykdif;)NrKdYe,f?vomNrKdUe,f? wmarGNrKdUe,f(A*sDtdrfpmay)? '*kHNrKdUopf(ajrmufykdif;)NrKdYe,f?vomNrKdUe,f? wmarGNrKdUe,f(A*sDtdrfpmay)? '*kHNrKdUopf(ajrmufykdif;)NrKdYe,f?'*kHNrKdUopf(qdyfurf;)NrKdUe,'*kHNrKdUopf(qdyfurf;)NrKdUe,'*kHNrKdUopf(qdyfurf;)NrKdUe,'*kHNrKdUopf(qdyfurf;)NrKdUe,'*kHNrKdUopf(qdyfurf;)NrKdUe,fffff (eDvm)? &efuif;NrKdUe,fwkdY&Sd tiSm;qkdifwpfqkdifpDrS okH;&ufpm(eDvm)? &efuif;NrKdUe,fwkdY&Sd tiSm;qkdifwpfqkdifpDrS okH;&ufpm(eDvm)? &efuif;NrKdUe,fwkdY&Sd tiSm;qkdifwpfqkdifpDrS okH;&ufpm(eDvm)? &efuif;NrKdUe,fwkdY&Sd tiSm;qkdifwpfqkdifpDrS okH;&ufpm(eDvm)? &efuif;NrKdUe,fwkdY&Sd tiSm;qkdifwpfqkdifpDrS okH;&ufpmtiSm;pm&if;ukd aumuf,lí wGufcsufxm;ygonf/ tqkdygtiSm;qkdifrsm;rSm wpf&ufvQtiSm;pm&if;ukd aumuf,lí wGufcsufxm;ygonf/ tqkdygtiSm;qkdifrsm;rSm wpf&ufvQtiSm;pm&if;ukd aumuf,lí wGufcsufxm;ygonf/ tqkdygtiSm;qkdifrsm;rSm wpf&ufvQtiSm;pm&if;ukd aumuf,lí wGufcsufxm;ygonf/ tqkdygtiSm;qkdifrsm;rSm wpf&ufvQtiSm;pm&if;ukd aumuf,lí wGufcsufxm;ygonf/ tqkdygtiSm;qkdifrsm;rSm wpf&ufvQifififififtenf;qkH;tkyfa& 100 iSm;&rf;tm; &Sdygonf/ awGU&Sd&aom xl;jcm;csufrSm NrKdUv,ftenf;qkH;tkyfa& 100 iSm;&rf;tm; &Sdygonf/ awGU&Sd&aom xl;jcm;csufrSm NrKdUv,ftenf;qkH;tkyfa& 100 iSm;&rf;tm; &Sdygonf/ awGU&Sd&aom xl;jcm;csufrSm NrKdUv,ftenf;qkH;tkyfa& 100 iSm;&rf;tm; &Sdygonf/ awGU&Sd&aom xl;jcm;csufrSm NrKdUv,ftenf;qkH;tkyfa& 100 iSm;&rf;tm; &Sdygonf/ awGU&Sd&aom xl;jcm;csufrSm NrKdUv,fEEEEESifhSifhSifhSifhSifha0;uGmaom NrKdUe,frsm;ü ½kyfjyiSm;&rf;tm; taumif;qkH;jzpfNyD; pkpkaygif; iSm;&rf;ola0;uGmaom NrKdUe,frsm;ü ½kyfjyiSm;&rf;tm; taumif;qkH;jzpfNyD; pkpkaygif; iSm;&rf;ola0;uGmaom NrKdUe,frsm;ü ½kyfjyiSm;&rf;tm; taumif;qkH;jzpfNyD; pkpkaygif; iSm;&rf;ola0;uGmaom NrKdUe,frsm;ü ½kyfjyiSm;&rf;tm; taumif;qkH;jzpfNyD; pkpkaygif; iSm;&rf;ola0;uGmaom NrKdUe,frsm;ü ½kyfjyiSm;&rf;tm; taumif;qkH;jzpfNyD; pkpkaygif; iSm;&rf;ol\\\\\50 &mckdifEIef;ausmftxd &Sdygonf/ NrKdUv,fESifh eD;pyfaom50 &mckdifEIef;ausmftxd &Sdygonf/ NrKdUv,fESifh eD;pyfaom50 &mckdifEIef;ausmftxd &Sdygonf/ NrKdUv,fESifh eD;pyfaom50 &mckdifEIef;ausmftxd &Sdygonf/ NrKdUv,fESifh eD;pyfaom50 &mckdifEIef;ausmftxd &Sdygonf/ NrKdUv,fESifh eD;pyfaom NrKdUe,frsm;wGif r*¾Zif;NrKdUe,frsm;wGif r*¾Zif;NrKdUe,frsm;wGif r*¾Zif;NrKdUe,frsm;wGif r*¾Zif;NrKdUe,frsm;wGif r*¾Zif;iSm;&rf;rIEIef;tjrifhqkH;jzpfNyD; 46 &mckdifEIef; 0ef;usif&Sdygonf/ *vkdb,fvdkufaZ;&Sif;EiSm;&rf;rIEIef;tjrifhqkH;jzpfNyD; 46 &mckdifEIef; 0ef;usif&Sdygonf/ *vkdb,fvdkufaZ;&Sif;EiSm;&rf;rIEIef;tjrifhqkH;jzpfNyD; 46 &mckdifEIef; 0ef;usif&Sdygonf/ *vkdb,fvdkufaZ;&Sif;EiSm;&rf;rIEIef;tjrifhqkH;jzpfNyD; 46 &mckdifEIef; 0ef;usif&Sdygonf/ *vkdb,fvdkufaZ;&Sif;EiSm;&rf;rIEIef;tjrifhqkH;jzpfNyD; 46 &mckdifEIef; 0ef;usif&Sdygonf/ *vkdb,fvdkufaZ;&Sif;ESifhSifhSifhSifhSifhynm&yfrdwfquf pmtkyfpmwrf;rsm;rSm iSm;&rf;rIr&Sdoavmuf enf;yg;onfukd awGU&onfynm&yfrdwfquf pmtkyfpmwrf;rsm;rSm iSm;&rf;rIr&Sdoavmuf enf;yg;onfukd awGU&onfynm&yfrdwfquf pmtkyfpmwrf;rsm;rSm iSm;&rf;rIr&Sdoavmuf enf;yg;onfukd awGU&onfynm&yfrdwfquf pmtkyfpmwrf;rsm;rSm iSm;&rf;rIr&Sdoavmuf enf;yg;onfukd awGU&onfynm&yfrdwfquf pmtkyfpmwrf;rsm;rSm iSm;&rf;rIr&Sdoavmuf enf;yg;onfukd awGU&onf/////tiSm;trsm;qkH; r*¾Zif;okH;tkyfrSm eu©wåa&mifjcnf? a&TtjrKawESifh pkHaxmufwkdY jzpfonf/tiSm;trsm;qkH; r*¾Zif;okH;tkyfrSm eu©wåa&mifjcnf? a&TtjrKawESifh pkHaxmufwkdY jzpfonf/tiSm;trsm;qkH; r*¾Zif;okH;tkyfrSm eu©wåa&mifjcnf? a&TtjrKawESifh pkHaxmufwkdY jzpfonf/tiSm;trsm;qkH; r*¾Zif;okH;tkyfrSm eu©wåa&mifjcnf? a&TtjrKawESifh pkHaxmufwkdY jzpfonf/tiSm;trsm;qkH; r*¾Zif;okH;tkyfrSm eu©wåa&mifjcnf? a&TtjrKawESifh pkHaxmufwkdY jzpfonf/tiSm;&qkH; 0w¬KokH;tkyfrSm rif;odcF? rif;jrwfol&? wm&mrif;a0wdkY a&;om;xm;aotiSm;&qkH; 0w¬KokH;tkyfrSm rif;odcF? rif;jrwfol&? wm&mrif;a0wdkY a&;om;xm;aotiSm;&qkH; 0w¬KokH;tkyfrSm rif;odcF? rif;jrwfol&? wm&mrif;a0wdkY a&;om;xm;aotiSm;&qkH; 0w¬KokH;tkyfrSm rif;odcF? rif;jrwfol&? wm&mrif;a0wdkY a&;om;xm;aotiSm;&qkH; 0w¬KokH;tkyfrSm rif;odcF? rif;jrwfol&? wm&mrif;a0wdkY a&;om;xm;aommmmm0w¬Krsm; jzpfonf/ umwGef;rSm bkdbkd? 0dZÆm? udka&Txl;(jynf)wdkY jzpfonf/0w¬Krsm; jzpfonf/ umwGef;rSm bkdbkd? 0dZÆm? udka&Txl;(jynf)wdkY jzpfonf/0w¬Krsm; jzpfonf/ umwGef;rSm bkdbkd? 0dZÆm? udka&Txl;(jynf)wdkY jzpfonf/0w¬Krsm; jzpfonf/ umwGef;rSm bkdbkd? 0dZÆm? udka&Txl;(jynf)wdkY jzpfonf/0w¬Krsm; jzpfonf/ umwGef;rSm bkdbkd? 0dZÆm? udka&Txl;(jynf)wdkY jzpfonf/

wif0if;xG#fwif0if;xG#fwif0if;xG#fwif0if;xG#fwif0if;xG#f????? MNM

- ½kyfjy- r*¾Zif;- 0w¬K- *vkdb,fvkdufaZ;&Sif;?

EdkifiHwuma&;&m? ynm&yfrdwfquf

� � � � � � � ��

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

� � � �

w,f/ aeYbufrSm usL&SifwpfckckukdiSm;pm;&ifvnf; 0ifaiGykd&r,f/ Computer

awG pD'D&GrfawGtxd xm;vmEkdifr,f}}


vpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;ESifUukd,fykdif[efwnfaqmufrI

atmifausmfrif; ? ausmfrsKd;nGefh

Celebrities Admiration ac: tm;uszG,f emrnfausmfwkdYtm; ½k;oGyfpGJvrf;rIukd ypfrSwfxm; r@KdifjyKí puúLac: tm;uszG,f emrnfausmfwkdYtm; ½k;oGyfpGJvrf;rIukd ypfrSwfxm; r@KdifjyKí puúLac: tm;uszG,f emrnfausmfwkdYtm; ½k;oGyfpGJvrf;rIukd ypfrSwfxm; r@KdifjyKí puúLac: tm;uszG,f emrnfausmfwkdYtm; ½k;oGyfpGJvrf;rIukd ypfrSwfxm; r@KdifjyKí puúLac: tm;uszG,f emrnfausmfwkdYtm; ½k;oGyfpGJvrf;rIukd ypfrSwfxm; r@KdifjyKí puúLuGmvwDjr§ifhum xkwfa0vsuf&Sdaom jrefrmEkdifiH\ vpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;teuf tcsKdUrSm aps;uGufwGif a&&Snf&yfwnfEkdifa&;EuGmvwDjr§ifhum xkwfa0vsuf&Sdaom jrefrmEkdifiH\ vpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;teuf tcsKdUrSm aps;uGufwGif a&&Snf&yfwnfEkdifa&;EuGmvwDjr§ifhum xkwfa0vsuf&Sdaom jrefrmEkdifiH\ vpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;teuf tcsKdUrSm aps;uGufwGif a&&Snf&yfwnfEkdifa&;EuGmvwDjr§ifhum xkwfa0vsuf&Sdaom jrefrmEkdifiH\ vpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;teuf tcsKdUrSm aps;uGufwGif a&&Snf&yfwnfEkdifa&;EuGmvwDjr§ifhum xkwfa0vsuf&Sdaom jrefrmEkdifiH\ vpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;rsm;teuf tcsKdUrSm aps;uGufwGif a&&Snf&yfwnfEkdifa&;ESifhSifhSifhSifhSifhxl;jcm;rIwpfckjzifh uGJjym;pGm azmufxGufEkdifa&;twGuf xl;jcm;rIwpfckjzifh uGJjym;pGm azmufxGufEkdifa&;twGuf xl;jcm;rIwpfckjzifh uGJjym;pGm azmufxGufEkdifa&;twGuf xl;jcm;rIwpfckjzifh uGJjym;pGm azmufxGufEkdifa&;twGuf xl;jcm;rIwpfckjzifh uGJjym;pGm azmufxGufEkdifa&;twGuf Celebrities Admiration ukdyif ukdyif ukdyif ukdyif ukdyif Sugar Coated toGif BuKd;yrf;toGif BuKd;yrf;toGif BuKd;yrf;toGif BuKd;yrf;toGif BuKd;yrf;tm;tm;tm;tm;tm;xkwfvmMuonfukd awGUjrif&ygonf/xkwfvmMuonfukd awGUjrif&ygonf/xkwfvmMuonfukd awGUjrif&ygonf/xkwfvmMuonfukd awGUjrif&ygonf/xkwfvmMuonfukd awGUjrif&ygonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf pwif taumiftxnfazmfcsdefrSpwifí EkdifiHwumESifh ul;vl;qufqHrIykdrkdrsm;jym;vmjcif;? N*Kd[fwk½kyfoHzrf;pufrsm; 0,f,ltokH;jyKEkdifrI jrifhwufvmjcif;? rmvfwDrD'D,mESifh tifwmeuftokH;jyKvmEkdifjcif;wkdYaMumifh pme,fZif;qkdif&m tcef;u@onfvnf; pdefac:rIrsm;pGmESifh &ifqkdifvm&NyDjzpfonf/

omrefowif;tcsuftvufESifhazsmfajzrIay;Ekdif½kHESifh a&mifh&J½kHjzifh r&awmhbJ rdrdwkdYxkwfa0aom pme,fZif;

wpfapmifonf ½kyf&Sif? *Dw? zuf&Sif?yef;csD? pD;yGm;a&;? EkdifiHwum? &o pmayponfjzi f h trs K d ;tpm; rnfok d YuGJjym;onfjzpfap qkdif&me,fy,füEkdifiHwumukd vSrf;MunfhEkdifNyD; qkdif&me,fy,f\ tm;omcsuf? tm;enf;csufrsm;ukd &SmazGum xdxda&mufa&mufa0zeftBuHjyKEkdifa&;onfom t"dutcef;u@tjzpf ta&;ygvmonf[kqkd&rnfjzpfonf/ ay:vpD ac: rl0g'a&;&m? ukd,fykdif[ef House Style wkdYjzifh

azmufxGufrSom a&&SnfatmifjrifEkdifrnf jzpfygonf/ xkdYjyif ukd,fykdifay:vpD?oD;jcm; House Style twGuf pmrl&&Sd&efcufcJavh&Sd&m tcsdefrSef xkwfa0Ekdifa&;twGuf ukd,fykdift,f'DwmtzGJUjzifh jyifqifxm;rSom tqifajyrnfjzpfonf/

txl;jyKpmapmifrsm;\ rsufarSmufESifUtem*wf

,cktcgwGif xkwfvkyfrIESifh0efaqmifrIe,fy,ftoD;oD;ü txl;jyKxkwfvkyfaom 0efaqmifrIrsm;rSm tajctaet& a&yef;pm;vmNyDjzpfonf/tb,faMumifhenf;/ enf;ynmqkdif&mtHhrcef;wkd;wufrIrsm;aMumifh topfwkdY\ oufwrf;rSm aeYjrifnaysmuf jzpfvmovkd ukefacsmtr,fopfrsm;uvnf;wpfaeYwjcm; wkd;yGm;vmonf/ xkdtcgpm;okH;olukd qGJaqmif&mü NyKdifqkdifrIBuD;rm;vmum olYxufol ykdrkdaumif;rGefaomt&nftaoG;rsm;ukd xkwfvkyfjcif;? 0efaqmifjcif; jyKvmMu&ukef\/xkduJhokdY xkwfvkyf0efaqmif&mwGif ukefypönf;0efaqmifrIwkdY\ trsKd;trnfta&twGufukd avQmhcsvm&NyD; wpfrsKd;ESpfrsKd; (0g) wpfvkdif; ESpfvkdif;cefYukdomtxl;jyKvm&awmhonf/

jrefrmpmaye,fy,füvnf;r*¾Zif;? *sme,frsKd;pkHonf tpkHokyftrsKd;tpm;u ykdrkdrsm;jym;aeaomjim; wpfvkdif;wnf;om txl;jyK xkwfa0vmaom pmapmifrsm;ukd wjznf;jznf; tjriftawGUrsm;vm&ayonf/ oD;jcm;e,fy,fwpfckpDtwGuf txl;jyKí xkwfa0aomtqkdygpmapmifrsm;teuf rdrdvm&m


vrf;twkdif; wpkdufrwfrwf avQmufvSrf;vmEkdifaom pmapmifrsm; &SdouJhokdYtajctaet& rlvvrf;rS aoGznfoGm;cJhaom pmapmiftrsKd;rsKd;ukdvnf;jrifawGUEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ ,if;taMumif;&if; &SmazGokH;oyfEkdifa&;twGuf vuf&SdoD;jcm;wpfvkdif;pD xkwfa0aeaomr*¾Zif;? *sme,frsm;teufrS oufwrf;Ek?oufwrf;&ifhpmapmiftcsKdUtm; ar;jref;Munfh&m pD;yGm;a&;t& wGufajcukdufvSjcif; r&Sdonfwkdif trsm;ESifhrwl uGJjym;rItwGuf pDpOfxkwfvkyfolrsm;\aqmif&GufcsufrS Target Audience ac:OD;wnfy&dowftay: twkdif;twmwpfcktxd MoZmvTrf;rkd;EkdifonfukdawGUjrif&ygonf/

owif;pmynmjzifU vli,fukdtxl;jyKjcif;

]]'DuaeY vli,f[m ,aeY urÇmBuD; bmjzpfaeovJqkdwmukd odcsifMuw,fvkdY xifygw,f}}[laom tjrifukdajymonfrSm owif;pmq&mrsm; OD;aqmifvkyfukdifaeaom vli,ftxl;jyK r*¾Zif;wpfapmifjzpfonfh Beauty r*¾Zif;rSt,f'DwmcsKyf OD;&JEkdifrkd; jzpfonf/Beauty r*¾Zif;taeESifh vli,frsm;twGuf vkdufemoifhonfh usifh0wfrsm;xm;&Sd&rnfh wefzkd;rsm;ukd txl;jyKazmfjyay;aeaMumif;? ,aeY vli,frsm;\qEESifh wl½lcsufwkdYukd azmfnTef;qkdaomvli,fwkdY\toHrsm;ukd tjcm;vli,frsm;vnf;odatmif azmfxkwfay;aeaMumif; pojzifh Beauty \ &yfwnfcsufESifh ywfoufí ¤if;u &Sif;jyygonf/

,aeYvli,frsm;taeESifh tajymif;tvJukd rMumcP jzwfoef;&rI rsm;vmNyD; xkduJhokdY jzwfoef;&mwGif b0twGuf a&G;cs,fp&m rsm;jym;vmovkd

yif tcuftcJvnf; ,cifuxuf ykdrkdrsm;vmonf[k OD;&JEkdifrkd;u olYtjrifukd ajymjyygonf/ tcuftcJESifh a&G;cs,fp&m trsm;tjym;Mum;wGif em;a0wdrfawmif jzpfae&aom vli,frsm;twGuf wnfhrwfrSefuefaom vrf;aMumif;ay:okdY a&muf&Sdapa&;rSm ,aeYurÇmwGifa&m jrefrmüyg bmawGjzpfysufaeonfqkdonfukd t&if;twkdif;odjrif&ef vkdtyfrnfjzpfouJhokdY tajccHvlrIusifh0wfESifh pHEIef;rsm;ukd em;vnfcH,lEkdifa&;rSmvnf; ta&;BuD;ayonf/

tqkdygtaMumif;t&mrsm;ukdvli,frsm;twGuf ykdrkdrSefuefNyD; pepfusepGm a&;om;wifjyEkdif&efrSm pme,fZif;twwfynm (Journalism) vkdtyfrnfxifaMumif; OD;&JEkdifrkd;u okH;oyfonf/ xkdYtjyif vli,frsm;twGufowif;pmtwwfynmrsm;ukd Beauty

r*¾Zif;u@rsKd;pkHrS rMumcP rdwfqufwifjyay;cJhonfukdvnf; awGU&ygonf/]]Pop yJ jzpfjzpfaygh/ t0ga&mifrSmvnf;Journalism wwfwJholawG pepfwusvkyfr,fqkd pmayynmtwGuf azsmfajza&;xJuae aumif;usKd;wpfckck &Ekdifr,fvkdY xifygw,f}}[k owif;pmynm\ta&;BuD;ykHukd ¤if;u &Sif;jyygonf/vli,frsm;twGuf taMumif;csif;&mrsKd;pkHukd wifjyEkdif&ef BuKd;yrf;&mwGift"dutm;jzifh ukd;um;p&m pmtkyfpmwrf; &Sm;yg;onfh jyóemrsKd; BuKH&aMumif;? ,aeYurÇmwGif jzpfysufajymif;vJaeaomt&mwkdYukd a&;om;xm;onfh pmtkyfpmwrf;tcsKdUqkdvQifpmtkyfemrnfom Mum;zl;NyD; jrifawGUzl;jcif;yif r&SdaMumif;? tqkdygtaMumif;t&mrsm;ESifh ywfoufí jyefqkda&;om;olvnf; enf;yg;aeao;aMumif; OD;&JEkdifrkd;u qkdygonf/

,aeYvli,frsm;ü wlnDaom

tBuKdufykHpHrsm; &Sdovkd rwlnDaomawmif;qkdrIrsm;ukdvnf; awGU&onf[k¤if;u ajymjyonf/ vli,ftrsm;pkukdavhvmMunfhvQif owif;tcsuftvufenf;ynm (Information Technology)

ukd pdwf0ifpm;rIrsm;aMumif;? trsm;pkpdwf0ifpm;rIcH&aom? ausmfMum;aomtEkynm&Sifrsm;\ taMumif;csif;&mrsm;ukd ESpfoufMuaMumif;? vli,ftrsm;pkrSm trsm;ESifhrwlaom? qef;opfaomykHpH? cGJxGufaom[efukd vkdcsifMuaMumif;?tqkdygtaMumif;t&mrsm;wGif vli,frsm; tBuKdufwlMurnfjzpfaMumif;?okdYaomf tcsKdUvli,frsm;rSm vlrIodyÜHbmom&yfrsm;ESifhywfoufí a&;om;aompmrsKd; (Oyrm-pHy,fjzL? acwfqef;ponfh pmapmifrsm;rS pmrsKd;) awmif;qkdvmMuonfukdvnf; awGU&aMumif;,aeYvli,fwkdY\ [m',rS qE´rsm;ukd¤if;\tawGUtBuKHay: tajccHí okH;oyfjyonf/

]]Beauty pxkwfwkef;uawmhq,fausmfoufvli,fawG tBuKdufrsm;cJhygw,f/ 'gayr,fh aemufykdif;wjznf;jznf; pmav;vmvkdY xifw,f/Beauty y&dowftrsm;pku wuúokdvfausmif;om;eJY bGJU&vli,fawG rsm;vmNyD/ Beauty y&dowfu oD;oefYtvTmwpfckvkd jzpfaewmyg/ Beauty taeeJYu vli,fawGtwGuf ukd,fusifhw&m;ykdif;? pdwf"mwfykdif;qkdif&mwefzkd;awGeJYywfoufNyD; tusKd;jyKEkdifr,fvkdY xifygw,f}}[k Beauty r*¾Zif;u qkdygonf/rnfokdYyifqkdap Beauty taeESifh azsmfajza&;u@ukd OD;pm;ay;azmfjyae&qJjzpfNyD; xkduJhokdY OD;pm;ay;&jcif;rSm aps;uGufu armif;ESifonfhtwkdif; jzpfae&jcif;jzpfaMumif; tqkdygr*¾Zif;u qkdygonf/ qkdvkdonfrSm wkduf½kdufpm;okH;oljzpfaom pmzwfoltrsm;pk\ awmif;


qkdrIt&yif jzpfaeonf[lí jzpfonf/,cif xkwfa0aeaom Beauty

r*¾Zif;tm; vSefavSmMunfhrnfqkdygujynfwGif;jynfyrS Celebrities rsm;\taMumif;t&mrsm; yg&Sdaomfvnf;tqkdygyk*¾Kdvfrsm;\ tvSukefa&G;cs,frI?p&efaiGjzifh a&mif;csxm;aom aeY&ufrsm;taMumif;ukd awGU&avhr&SdbJ qkdif&me,fy,fESifh ywfoufonfh taumif;tqkd;? ynm&yf\ twdrfteuf? rjzpfrae &ifqkdifcJh&aom cg;oD;rIukd aq;0g;tjzpf pm;okH;um oefpGrf;vmjcif;?tcuftcJukd oif½kd;nTef;wrf;tjzpfajymif;vJtokH;jyKEkdifjcif;rsm;ukd EdIufxkwfar;jref;wifjyxm;onfukd awGU&aMumif; vpOf iSm;&rf;zwf½Iaomtif*sifeD,m bGJU&vli,fwpfOD;u qkdonf/ ¤if;ESifh &G,fwlynmnDvli,frsm;uvnf; Beauty rS pDpOfaompma&;q&mrsm;\ pum;0kdif; (*vkdb,fvkdufaZ;&Sif;ukd jrefrmy&dowfESifhrdwfqufay;olrsm;[k Living Color rStpOfazmfjyavh&Sdolrsm; yg0ifonf)wkdYukd ESpfNcKdufMuaMumif; tqkdygvli,fu qkdonf/

oD;jcm;ukd,fykdif[efjzifh pDpOfrI\toD;tyGifhESifh ywfoufí OD;&JEkdifrkd;u]]rrjALwDrSm ar;ajzMuwmawGu ynm&yfqefw,fqkdwmuvnf; y&dowftukefvkH;ukd ukd,fpm;rjyKEkdifbl;vkdY ajymMuayr,fh 'DtaMumif;t&mawGukdwu,fpdwf0ifpm;wJh y&dowftvTmwpfck oD;jcm;&Sdaewm trSefygyJ/ olwkdYa&;wJh? ar;wJh pmawGt& ukd,fh Trend

ukdvkdufNyD; pdwf0ifpm;wm awGU&ygw,f}}[k &Sif;jyonf/

okdYaomf aemufykdif;wGif pmt&nftaoG;aumif;ukd OD;pm;ay;xkwfa0aompmapmiftrsm;tjym; ay:aygufvmvdrfhrnf[k arQmfvifh&aMumif;? vuf&Sd

tajctaewGifrl pD;yGm;a&;jyóemcufcJvGef;ojzifh ajymif;vJ&ef vG,fulOD;rnfr[kwfaMumif;? vli,ftrsm;pkrSmokH;pGJEkdiftm; r&Sdojzifh pmzwfcsifaomfvnf; xdxda&mufa&muf rzwf&EkdifMuao;aMumif; OD;&JEkdifrkd;u okH;oyfygonf/ pma&;q&mBuD; vD,kdawmfpwGKdif;u orkdif;qkdonfrSm ajymqkd&ef tcGifhta&;&olwkdY\ ua&mfurnfajymMum;csufrsm;jzpfonf[k qkdygonf/ rSefuefckdifrmaom orkdif;rsm; armfuGef;wifa&;rSm owif;pmq&mrsm;\wm0ef jzpfygonf/ owif;pmynm tm;jyKonfqkdaom Beauty uJhokdY pmtkyfrsm; puúLuGmvwDr*¾Zif;aps;uGufwGif rsm;pGmvkdtyfaeygao;onf/

trsKd;orD;OD;pD;aom trsKd;om;txl;jyKr*¾Zif;

rMumrwifurS xl;xl;jcm;jcm;ay:xGufvmaom trsKd;om;rsm;twGufoD;oefYtxl;jyK xkwfa0vmaom Em-

peror trsK d ;om;r*¾Zif;uk d O D;p D;vkyfukdifaeonfrSm a':oEÅmcifqkdoltrsKd;orD;wpfOD; jzpfonf/ ¤if;ua&S;OD;pGm xkwfvkyfcJhaom Empress

trsKd;orD;r*¾Zif;rS tawGUtBuKHukd

tajccHum ,if;r*¾Zif;ukd vkyfjzpfoGm;jcif;jzpfonf[k qkdonf/

]]trsKd;orD;r*¾Zif;ukd xkwfawmhtrsKd;om;awGu tm;ray;bl; jzpfaew,f/ trsKd;orD;r*¾Zif;rSm trsKd;om;pdwf0ifpm;wmawG xnfhygao;w,f/'gayr,fh r&bl;/ tJ'geJY pdwful;&NyD;trsKd;om;oD;oefYr*¾Zif;wpfapmifxkwfzkdYpdwful;&wmyg}}[lí ¤if;u tqkdygr*¾Zif; xkwfjzpf&jcif;taMumif;ukd ajymjyonf/

trsK d;om;ESif h trsK d;orD;rSmobm0tm;jzifh pdwf0ifpm;rI uGmjcm;csufrsm;&SdaMumif;? txl;ojzifh EkdifiHwumu@rsm;ESifh tm;upm;u@rsm;wGif ododomomuGmaMumif;? tawG;tac:ESifhywfoufvQifvnf; tBuKdufrnDMuaMumif;? usef;rma&;uJhokdY u@rsKd;wGifrl tBuKdufwlonfukd awGU&aMumif;? pDrHcefYcGJrIESifh IT u@rsm;ukdrltrsKd;om;rsm;u ykdrk dpdwf0ifpm;MuaMumif; a':oEÅmcifu qkdygonf/okdY&mwGif pmayavmu? t½kPfopf?tarhtdrf tp&Sdonfh pmtkyfta&mif;qkdifrsm;wGif acwfrD owif;tcsuftvufESifh qufoG,fa&;enf;ynmqkdif&m zGifhqkdcsufrsm;? *vkdb,fvkdufaZ;&Sif;? 'DyvkdarpDpmtkyfrsm;ukd abmif;bD0wf 20 ausmf trsKd;orD;i,frsm;aeYpOf 0,f,laeonfrSm trsKd;om;yrmPxuf rsm;jym;aeonfukd awGU&aMumif; ajymqkdar;jref;&mwGif ¤if;u]]'gu tenf;pkjzpfrSmyg Majority trsm;pkuawmh rjzpfEkdifygbl;}}[k jyefvnfajzMum;ygonf/

]]EkdifiHwumu trsKd;om;oD;oefYr*¾Zif;awGrSmu Sex eJY Entertainment

ukd OD;pm;ay;wm awGU&w,f/ uRefawmfwkdYuawmh Social ukd t"du xm;ygw,f/ a,musfm;y&dowftwGuf oD;oefY


Pioneer vkyfzkdY &nf&G,fxm;ygw,f/a,musfm;y&dowf oD;oefYqkdayr,fhtrsKd;orD;y&dowfukdvnf; &nfpl;xm;ygw,f/ bmjzpfvkd Yvnf;qkdawmha,musfm;awGtaMumif;ukd rdef;rawGupdwf0ifpm;r,f? odcsifr,fav/ 'gqkduRefawmfwkdY r*¾Zif;ukd zwfNyDaygh/uRefawmfwkdYu tjzLuGufrSm trsKd;om;oD;oefYqkdNyD; jyxm;ayr,fh teufuGufrSm trsKd;orD;y&dowf &Sdaew,f}}[líEmperor trsKd;om;r*¾Zif;ESifhywfoufítqkdygr*¾Zif;\ t,f'DwmcsKyf OD;vSzkef;atmifu &Sif;jyygonf/

Emperor r*¾Zif;taeESifh y&dowfukd qGJaqmifEkdif&efESifh aps;uGuf0ifEkdif&ef t½kyfrsm;rsm;? ta&mifrsm;rsm;jzifhjyKvkyf&aMumif;? pmxuf ½kyfykHukdyk drk dOD;pm;ay;&aMumif;? acwfa&pD;aMumif;\ awmif;qkdrItwkdif; jyKvkyf&jcif;jzpfaMumif;? y&dowftBuKdufukdt&ifay;NyD; ukd,fjzpfapcsifwmukd Mum;n§yfxnfh&aMumif;? t"duypfrSwftaeESifh touf 20 rStxuf trsKd;om;rsm;ukd &nf&G,fxm;aMumif; tqkdygr*¾Zif;pDpOfolu ajymjyonf/

]]yxrqkH; y&dowf&JU rsufpdukdzrf;pm;EkdifwJht&mukd t&ifzefwD;w,f/NyD;rS ukd,fvkdcsifwm xnfh&w,f/trsm;pkBuKdufwmvnf;vkyf? ukd,fhTrend ukdvnf;azmf? ukd,fjzpfapcsifwmav;awG n §yfn§yfxnfh&ygw,f/Sugar Coated vkyfwmaygh/ b,fvkdyJjzpfjzpf tawmfrsm;rsm;u ausmfMum;olawG&JUtaMumif;t&m Celeberities eJYvTwfwm rsm;wmygyJ}}[k a':oEÅmcifu½kyfykH? ta&miftaoG; OD;pm;ay;&jcif;ESifhywfoufí &Sif;jyygonf/

ynm&yfqkdif&mukd tm;jyKí]]Journalist awGu wpfvkdif;xJ

rvkyfygeJYvkdY tBuHay;w,f}}[k tvuFm*Dw*sme,fukd rxkwfa0rDu pme,fZif;q&mtcsKdUukd wkdifyifpOfu ¤if;wkdY\tBuHay;ykHESifh ¤if;\tqkH;tjzwfukdt,f'DwmcsKyf OD;aersKd;nGefYu ajymjyonf/ xkdYaemuf ¤if;u qufvufí]]½kyf&Sif? AD'D,kd? 0w¬K? uAsm? &otpkHxnfhzkdY wkdufwGef;wJhol rsm;w,f/r*¾Zif;xkwfcsif½kHaMumifh Journalist vkyfcsifvkdYaMumifh r[kwfbl;/ t"du *Dwukdpdwf0ifpm;vkdY oD;oefYvkyfcsifwm?'gaMumifh wpfvkdif;xJ vkyfr,f/ ratmifjrif&if &yfr,fqkdNyD; vkyfcJhwm}}[lívnf; xyfavmif; &Sif;jyonf/ tvuFm*Dw*sme,fukd wl&d,mwD;cwfrI? oDqkdrIqkdif&m Lesson (oifcef;pm)rsm;ukdOD;pm;ay;azmfjyonfh *sme,fwpfapmiftjzpf &yfwnf&ef BuKd;pm;aMumif; ¤if;uqkdonf/

jrefrmpme,fZif;aps;uGuf\xl;jcm;csufrSm tywfpOfxkwf owif;pmukd*sme,f? *sme,fukd tywfpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;taejzifh xkwfa0avh&Sd&m jynfyEkdifiHrsm;uJhokdY u@toD;oD;ukd tvGwfoabmvkduf pm;vkdolrsm;twGuf vkdtyfaom ynm&yfqkdif&mrsm; avhvm&efxkwfa0aom *sme,frsm; &Sm;yg;ygonf/

]]ynm&yfqkdif&mawGtwGuf Gui-

tar Library vkd u@rsKd;zGifhNyD; ulnDay;Ekdifatmif BuKd;pm;w,f/ te,fe,ft&yf&yfu odcsifwm ar;vkdY&w,f/e,fawGrSm oifr,fhol&Sm;wJhjyóem&Sdw,f}}[k OD;aersKd;nGefYu qkdygonf/xkdYjyif a&yef;pm;aom oDcsif;rsm;\ywfum;Ekwfpfukd azmfjyay;jcif;onfvnf; *Dwavhvmvkdufpm;olrsm;twGuftusKd;&Sdonfukd pmzwfolrsm;\ ay;pmt& od&aMumif; ¤if;u &Sif;jyonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHaps;uGuftm; topfzefwD;rIjzifh xkd;azmufjcif;? oD;oefYvrf;aMumif; [efyefopfjzihf xkd;azmufjcif;aMumifh tcuftcJrsm;pGm &ifqkdif&aMumif;? tvuFm*Dw*sme,f pwifxkwfa0pOfu aps;uGufwGif xkwfa0aeus ckepfwpfrwf x ukd;cGJqkd'fESifh jcm;em;onfh ckepfwpfrwfx wpfq,fwpfrwfqkd'fjzifh xkwfa0&m &efukefNrKdU 31 vrf;ESifh 32 vrf;&Sd tiSm;qkdifrsm; tm;xm;0,f,lonfh tqifoifh tzkH;zkH;í a&mif;csaomqkdifrsm;u tzkH;zvif avvGifhrIaMumifh ta&mif;pm&if;wGif xnfhay;&efwGefYqkwfMuaMumif; OD;aersKd;nGefYuqkdonf/ xkdYjyif &Sm;yg;"mwfykHrsm;?oifcef;pmrsm;? ywfum;Ekwfpfrsm;ukdNzJ,ljcif;? *Dw0goemygolrsm;u zwfavh&Sdí wpftkyfvQif ESpfa,mufcefYomiSm;&avh&Sdjcif;wkdYaMumifh qkdifwifiSm;&rf;&ef vufwGefYMuaMumif;? *Dwukd0goemBuD;NyD; 0,fodrf;vk donf hy&dowfESifh *Dwtokdif;t0kdif;ukdomTarget Audience tjzpf ypfrSwfxm;&aMumif; ¤if;u &Sif;jyonf/

oD;oefYvkdif;jzifh pme,fZif;wpfapmifxkwfa0&mwGif vpOfxkwfrsm;taejzifh rsm;jym;vmaom tywfpOfxkwfrsm;ESifh tNyKdiftqkdif aqmif&Guf&mü tcuftcJtcsKdU&Sdonf[k OD;aersKd;


nGefYu qkdygonf/aw;t,fvfbrfwpfck xGuf&Sd

onfhtcgwGif jynfy Band rsm;\oDcsif;rsm;ukd pmom;ajymif;vJoDqkdxm;ygu y&dowftm; xl;xl;jcm;jcm;ar;jref;wifjyp&m r&SdaMumif; ]]Proce-

dure u odaeNyD;om;awGyJ/ oleJY vkdufwJhOriginal oDcsi f;uk d a&G;r,f/aw;a&;q&m tyfr,f/ wD;0kdif;ukd wD;ckdif;r,f/ tJ'Dtay: ar;cGef; xl;xl;jcm;jcm; ar;p&m odyfr&Sdbl;}} [lí ¤if;u&Si f; jyygonf/ uk d,fy k di foHpOft,fvfbrfrsm; xGuf&SdrSom oHpOfrnfokdYzefwD;onf? Player rsm;u rnfokdYwD;cwfonf? pmom;twGuf a&;ol\pdwful;&&S dr IE Si f h twwfynmjznfhpGufrIwkdYtm; t,f'DwmtzGJU\*DwtajccHjzifh ar;cGef;xkwfrItwwfynmjzifh Specific qefqef ar;jref;azmfjyEkdifonf[k ¤if;u qkdonf/jynfwGif; tifwmAsL;rsm;rSm ½IaxmifhwpfckckrS pdwf0ifpm;zG,f wifjyEkdifjcif;r&Sdygu y&dowfu zwfMunfh½kHxuf ykdíxl;uJaom pdwf0ifpm;rI? enf;,l EkdifrIr&SdEk difaMumif;? xkdYtwGuf jynfytaMumif;t&mrsm;jzifh *Dw0goemygoly&dowfukd wGJac:&aMumif; OD;aersKd;nGefYu qkdygonf/

xkdYjyif olu qufvufí ]]uRefawmfwkdYpmtkyfxJrSmygwJh Band awGukdawmfawmfrsm;rsm; rodMubl;/ [kdrSmawmh awmfawmfaygufaew,f/ UK ? US

u Chart xJrSm eHygwfwpf csdwfaew,f/ tacGawmif 'Dra&mufao;bl;/[kdrSm ay:aewJh *DwtrsKd;tpm;topf?Band topfawGukd rdwfqufay;EkdifvkdYckxd pdwf0ifpm;rI &SdMuw,fvkdY ,lq&w,f/ jynfwGif;BuD;yJ oGm;aevkdY awmh* DwoD;oef Yqk dayr,f h p G Jp G Jvrf;vrf;jzpfatmif vkyfzkdY rvG,fbl;/ Mul-

timedia xGef;um;vmawmh jynfwGif;rSmvkyfr,fh Show ukd BuKdtifwmAsL;vkyfvnf; ukd,fxGufwJhtcsdef FM (City

FM)eJY *sme,fawGrSm ygNyD;aeNyD/ uGmcsif;uGm "mwfykHyJ uGmr,f/ ukd,fuom*Dwowif; av;yk'f&Sd&if av;yk'fvkH;ae&may;Ekdifw,f/ General vkyfwJholuawmh e,fy,fpkHrQ&awmh tukefae&may;zkdY rvG,fbl;/ ukd,fu oD;oefYjzpfawmh 'Dvkd tm;omcsufyJ &Sdw,f}}[lí &Sif;jyonf/

pme,fZif;wpfapmif\ &yfwnfa&;twGuf ta&;ygaom aMumfjimc&&SdrIwGifvnf; oD;oefYvkdif; cGJxGufcsifolrsm;twGuf tcuftcJ &Sdwwfonf[k OD;aersKd;nGefYu qkdygonf/

xkwfvkyfrIp&dwfpu yrmPBuD;rm;pGm ajymif;vJvmrIaMumifh awGUBuKH&onfhtcuftcJukdvnf; ]]t&ifu*DweJY rywfoufwJhaMumfjim vufrcHcJhbl;/ 'gawmif pD;&D;xkwfwJhvlrSmvnf;Budget t& uRefawmfwkdYqDrSmygwmxufacGxGufr,fhtywfrSm xGufr,fh*sme,frSmygzkdY ykdtm½kHpkdufr,f/ uRefawmfhpmtkyfeJY tcsdefukdufzkdYqkd&if wpfvavmuf BuKday;rS &r,f/ 'Dvkd tcuftcJawG&Sdawmh aygif;pkH vufcHvm& w,f/

p&dwfuvnf; jrifhvmw,f/ pxGufcsdefpmtky faps;u tckaps;& J U&m*Pef;tjyifu tpGef;xGufyJ &Sdw,f/tckvk d aiGaMu;trsm;BuD;e J Uvnfywf&wm ykdvnf; acgif;pm;w,f/t&ifwpftkyf 50? aMumfjimwpfck 5000wkef;u wGufajcukdufw,f}} [lí&Sif;jyonf/ xkdYjyif ¤if;taejzifh *DwESifhzuf&SifrSm rsm;pGm qufpyfrI &Sdonf[k,lqaomfvnf; aMumfjim&Sif rsm;u*Dwr*¾Zif;wGif xnfhoGif;jcif; onfaMumfjimtwGuf xda&mufrIr&Sd[k,lqMuykHukd ,ckuJhokdY &Sif;jyygonf/

]]uRefawmfhpmtkyfzwfwJh y&dowfu olwkdYypönf; (Branded Fashion

tokH;taqmifrsm;) tokH;rsm;w,f/uRefawmfwkdY pmayavmuqkdifawGrSmapmifhMunfh&if acwfqefqef0wfpm;xm;wJh vli,f 10 a,muf 0ifvm&if&Spfa,mufu tvuFmar;r,fvkdY rSef;Munfh&if rSefaewm rsm;w,f/ uRefawmfAudience u Music ukd ESpfoufr,f/Active jzpfr,f/ acwfa&pD;aMumif;ay:rSm &Sdw,f/ aMumfjim&SiftaeeJYvnf;Consumer Culture ukd rodwm rjzpfEkdifygbl;/ ½kyfoHaMumfjimcawGvnf;aps;wufawmh Budget eJY jyef&r,fhtusKd;tjrwfukd csdefMunfhNyD; enf;enf;eJYxda&mufwmukdyJ csdefypf&wm jzpfrSmyg/uRefawmfukd,fwkdifqkdvnf; 'DvkdyJpOf;pm;rSmyJ}}

ukd,fykdiftdrfaqmufjcif;\tcuftcJ]]y&dowfqDuvmwJh pmawGukd

Munfh&if wcsKdU ynm&yfqkdif&mawGu0goem&SifeJY [aew,fvkdY od&w,f/'gukd pme,fZif;ynmeJY aygif;ul;ay;zkdYvkdygw,f/ aemufykdif;awmh ukd,fykdifowif;axmuf? t,f'Dwm tiftm;aumif;aumif;eJY oD;jcm; House Style


ykdyDjyifatmif vkyfcsifw,f/ tjyifukdAssignment rtyfcsifbl;/ Freelance ukdAssignment ay;&ifvnf; b,fvkd ar;yg?b,fvkda&;yg BuKdn§d&w,f/ NyD;&if Re-

search ykdif; tm;enf;aew,f/ rjzpfrae&Sdoifhw,f/ 'grSvnf; House Style ukdy Dy D jyi f jyi f azm fE k di fr,f/ Data

jynfhjynfhpkHpkHr&Sd&if pdwful;&Sdoavmufay;EkdifzkdY rvG,fygbl;/ HR uvnf;&Sm;w,f/ Music uRrf;usifayr,fhpmra&;wwfawmhvnf; tqifrajyjyefbl;}}[lí oD;jcm;ukd,fykdifvrf;aMumif;opf azmufvkyf&mü BuKHawGU&aomtcuftcJukd OD;aersKd;nGefYu &Sif;jyonf/

a':oEÅmcifuvnf; trsKd;om;oD;oefY ypfrSwfxm; xkwfa0&mwGifHouse Style xdef;odrf;&ef tcuftcJrsm;pGm &Sdonf[k qkdygonf/ pmrltwGuf Assignment csjcif;? pkpnf;jcif;? wnf;jzwfjcif;wkdYwGif jyifypmrl&Sifrsm;ESifh n§dEIdif;ajymqkdrSom eD;pyfaMumif;? ukd,fykdif Human Resource

oD;jcm;xm;&Sd&ef pDpOfoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;vnf; &Sif;jyygonf/ OD;&JEkdifrkd; ajymMum;ouJhokdY Journalism tajccH aMunufonfh Human Resource rsm;rsm;pm;pm; &Sdvmygu tqkdygtcuftcJajyvnfzG,f&Sdrnfjzpfonf/

Globalization ESifU ezl;awGY 'l;awGYEmperor trsKd;om;r*¾Zif; pDpOf

olrsm;onf tjcm;r*¾Zif;rsm;xufwpfrlxl;jcm;&ef &nf&G,fí e-Emperor

pmtkyfjzifh a&mifpkH*sme,f ti,fpm;ykHoP²mefpmapmifwpfckukd Mum;n§yfíazmfjyygonf/ vpOf azmifydwfcgeD;tvwfqwfqkH;owif;rsm;ukd tifwmeufrS bmomjyefqkdxm;jcif; jzpfonf/

okdYaomf ]]xGufwJhtcsdefrSm *sme,f

awGrSm ygNyD;om;jzpfaew,f/ wcsKdUvnf; tifwmeufrSm zwfNyD;ESifhNyD}}[ka':oEÅmcifu qkdygonf/

OD;aersKd;nGefYuvnf; ]]tifwmeufrSm &Smw,f? pavmif;Munfhw,fqkdawmh olwkdYu ukd,frodwJh Band awGodvmw,f/ Complaint wuf w,f/uRefawmfwk d YtaeeJYuvnf; vkyfwmMumawmh [kefvmNyD/ vli,fawGqDu tBuHjyef,l&w,f/ tifwmeufxdxda&mufa&muf okH;&w,f/ 'DZkdif;qkdvnf; tenf;qkH; wpfESpfwpfa,mufrajymif;rjzpf ajymif;&w,f/ 'DZkdifemeJYtqifrajyvkdY r[kwfbl;/ rD'D,mpkHvmawmh tDroGm;atmif tm;xkwf&w,f/tifwmeufokH;Muayr,fh wpfckuHaumif;wmu olu Generally yJ/ tao;pdwfzwfcsif&ifvnf; ykdufqHawmif;awmhtqifrajybl;/ ukd,fu Printed Edi-

tion ukd EkdifiHjcm; vlBuKHeJY pmtkyftNrJrSmNyD; jynfhjynfhpkHpkH azmfjyvkdY &aeao;w,f}}[k qkdygonf/

OD;&JEkdifrkd;url enf;ynmrsm;t&Sdeft[kefjzifh wkd;wuf0ifa&mufvmaomfvnf; tqkdygenf;ynmESifh pD;yGm;a&;rSm tjyeftvSefqufpyfaeojzifhacwfrDenf;ynmESifh rD'D,mrsm;tm;vufvSrf;rrDao;olrsm;\ vkdtyfcsufukd jznfhqnf;ay;&efrSmvnf; ta&;BuD;pGm vkdtyfaeaMumif; okH;oyfygonf/

Globalization jzpfpOf t&Sdefjrifhum enf;ynmESifh rmvfwDrD'D,m ykdrkdzG HUNzKd;NyD; Uniform Global Market

jzpfay:rIaMumifh vltrsm;\tBuKdufESifhtm½kHcHpm;ESpfoufrIrsm;onfom &omrsm; aygif;pnf;rI ac: Convergence of

Tastes tm; wlnDpGm ESpfNcKdufvm rnf[kynm&SiftcsKdUu cefYrSef;ygonf/ okdYaomfjrefrmEkdifiHwGif wpfacwfwpfcg utajctaewpfckaMumifh ESpfNcKdufrI

wlnDcJhMu&ojzifh enf;ynmwkd;wufajymif;vJvm&mwGif tm½kHcHESpfNcKdufrIrsm; vGwfvyfpGm uGJjym;rI ykdrdkrsm;jym;vsuf&Sdonf/ enf;ynmaMumifh Multiple

Option ac: taxGaxGOD;wnfcsufrsm;&Sdvmí rdrdESpfouf&mukd a&G;cs,fcGifh&&S dvmMuonf/ Multiple Option

aMumifh tpdwftpdwft`rTm`rTm jzpfay:vmaom aps;uGufykHoP²mefrsm;tm;rdrdt&nftcsif;tm;omrItvkdufypfrSwfxm; a&G;cs,fí aps;uGufodrf;,lonfh Micro Marketing ac: tPkpdwf aps;uGufxkd;azmufrIrSmvnf;a&SUwef;a&mufvmonf[k qkd&rnfjzpfonf/

EkdifiHtcsif;csif;? tcef;u@t&yf&yfwkdY a&m,SufrI rsm;jym;vm&mwGif oD;jcm;p½kdufvu©Pmrsm; xdef;odrf;a&;rSmvnf; ta&;ygaom vkdtyfcsufwpfck jzpfonf/ Globalization

acwfwGif bufpkHESHYpyfodjrifEkdif&eftwGufrdrdtvkd&Sd&ef tcef;u@ukd xdxda&mufa&muf tao;pdwfusus avhvmEk dif&eftwGuf oD;jcm;0efaqmifrIay;Ekdifaom rD'D,mrsm;&Sd&efrSmvnf;txl;vkdtyfygonf/ wpfOD;csif; ukd,fykdifoD;jcm; uRrf;usifrI&Sdí trsm;ESifhaygif;pnf;vkyfaqmifEkdifaom Soft Skill

&Sdaom Super Empower Individual rsm;vkdtyfonfhenf;wl rdrdESifh vlYtzGJUtpnf;twGuf tjyKoabmaqmifaomtusKd;&v'frsm; (trSefwu,f) aqmifMuOf;ay;Ekdifrnfqkdygu trsm;ESifhrwljcm;em;Ekdifaom t&nftaoG;rSmvnf;rsm;pGm tzkd;xkdufwefaMumif; Living

Color u ,lqygonf/

atmifausmfrif;atmifausmfrif;atmifausmfrif;atmifausmfrif;atmifausmfrif;????? ausmfrsKd;nGefYausmfrsKd;nGefYausmfrsKd;nGefYausmfrsKd;nGefYausmfrsKd;nGefY

Ref : pme,fZif;wpfapmif\ ay:vpD?ae0if;armif (2000)


tvm;tvmaumif;okdh OD;wnfvmaomjrefrmUykvJarG;jrLa&;

rif;Ekdifpkd;

jrefrmEkdifiHrS xGuf&Sdaom awmifw½kwfyifv,f ykvJtrsKd;tpm;rsm;onf *syefEkdifiHü jrefrmEkdifiHrS xGuf&Sdaom awmifw½kwfyifv,f ykvJtrsKd;tpm;rsm;onf *syefEkdifiHü jrefrmEkdifiHrS xGuf&Sdaom awmifw½kwfyifv,f ykvJtrsKd;tpm;rsm;onf *syefEkdifiHü jrefrmEkdifiHrS xGuf&Sdaom awmifw½kwfyifv,f ykvJtrsKd;tpm;rsm;onf *syefEkdifiHü jrefrmEkdifiHrS xGuf&Sdaom awmifw½kwfyifv,f ykvJtrsKd;tpm;rsm;onf *syefEkdifiHü Myanmar White trSwftrSwftrSwftrSwftrSwfwHqdyfjzifh xkd;azmuf0ifa&muf atmifjrifrI&&SdaeNyDjzpf&m jrefrmhykvJarG;jrLa&;vkyfief; vkyfukdifvkdolrsm;twGuf aps;uGufwHqdyfjzifh xkd;azmuf0ifa&muf atmifjrifrI&&SdaeNyDjzpf&m jrefrmhykvJarG;jrLa&;vkyfief; vkyfukdifvkdolrsm;twGuf aps;uGufwHqdyfjzifh xkd;azmuf0ifa&muf atmifjrifrI&&SdaeNyDjzpf&m jrefrmhykvJarG;jrLa&;vkyfief; vkyfukdifvkdolrsm;twGuf aps;uGufwHqdyfjzifh xkd;azmuf0ifa&muf atmifjrifrI&&SdaeNyDjzpf&m jrefrmhykvJarG;jrLa&;vkyfief; vkyfukdifvkdolrsm;twGuf aps;uGufwHqdyfjzifh xkd;azmuf0ifa&muf atmifjrifrI&&SdaeNyDjzpf&m jrefrmhykvJarG;jrLa&;vkyfief; vkyfukdifvkdolrsm;twGuf aps;uGufa&mifjcnfopfwpfcktjzpf tvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmNyD jzpfonf/a&mifjcnfopfwpfcktjzpf tvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmNyD jzpfonf/a&mifjcnfopfwpfcktjzpf tvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmNyD jzpfonf/a&mifjcnfopfwpfcktjzpf tvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmNyD jzpfonf/a&mifjcnfopfwpfcktjzpf tvm;tvmaumif;okdY OD;wnfvmNyD jzpfonf/

trSefwu,fwGifawmh ykvJonf jrefrmwkdY\ ,Ofaus;rIwGif a&S;ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuwnf;u tjrpfwG,fcJhNyD; jzpfonf/e0&wf&wemwGif ykvJonf wpfcktygt0if jzpfcJhonf/wpfcsdefu vuf0wf&wem0wfqifrIwGif ykvJonf eef;pOfESifh

txufwef; olaumif;? ol<u,frsKd;wkdYwGifom tqifwefqmwpf&yfjzpfcJhaomfvnf; ,aeYtcsdefwGif r&Sd0rf;pm? &Sdwefqmqkdonfh a&Txnfukd tm;jyKqif,ifMuaom jrefrmvltrsm;pkrSvGJí &wemukd;yg;ukd olYae&mESifhol tqifwefqmtjzpf


qif,ifMuaom vlwef;pm;opfrsm;vnf; wpfpwpfpwkd;yGm; vmvsuf&S d&m jynfwGif;ykvJaps;uGufonfBuD;xGm;vm&ef taotcsm &Sdaeayonf/

]]jrefrmwkdYu ykvJwpfvkH;ukd a':vm 300 avmufqkdodyfrokH;csifMuao;bl;/ trSefwu,f ykvJrsKd;aumif;awGqkdig;axmif? wpfaomif;avmuf &Sdw,f}}[k ykvJuRrf;usifolwpfOD;u jrefrmwkdY\ ykvJ"avhukd rSwfcsufjyKonf/

okdYaomf jynfwGif;ykvJokH;pGJrIrSm wjznf;jznf;csif; jrifhwufvmvsuf &Sdonf/ jrefrmjynfxGuf ykvJrsm;ukd jynfolokdY us,fus,fjyefYjyefY rdwfqufay;cJhonfrSm 2003 ckESpfwGifrS pwifcJhonfukd awGU&onf/ ykvJjyyGJukd jrefrmhykvJxkwfvkyfa&;ESifh a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief; (jrefrmhykvJ)ü ykvJ0wfpm;qif,ifrI o½kyfjyyGJrsm;? ta&mif;qkdifrsm;rS tacsmxnfrsm;?ykvJwGJrsm;jzifh cif;usif;jyo a&mif;cscJh&m tqkdygESpfwGifyGJESpfyGJ usif;ycJhonfwGif usyfodef;aygif; ig;axmifausmfa&mif;cscJh&NyD; ,ckESpf ZlvkdifvwGif jyKvkyfaom jyyGJwpfyGJwnf;wGif usyfodef;aygif; 4500 ausmfzkd; a&mif;cs&onfhtwGuf jynfwGif;0,fvkdtm; wufvmygonf[k tqkdygXmerS t&mxrf;wpfOD;u qkdonf/

EkdifiHwumaps;uGufokdhomykvJukd twef;tpm;okH;rsKd;cGJvQif jynfwGif;ü B

tqifhESifh C tqifh ykvJrsm;ukdom t"du a&mif;csEkdifrnfjzpfNyD; A tqifh ykvJrsm;rSmrl BuD;rm;us,fjyefYaom aps;uGufwpf&yftjzpf ay:xGef;Ekdif&ef rvG,fulvSay/ ,ckESpf ZGefvtwGif;u *syefEkdifiH wkdusKdNrKdUü jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ykvJarG;jrLxkwfvkyfa&;ukd vkyfukdifaeaom jrefrmwmqmuDukrÜPDrSusif;ycJhaom Myanmar White Night ykvJjyyGJwGif tcsKdUykvJwGJrsm;rSm ,rf; &Spfoef; (tar&duefa':vm &Spfaomif;)xd&&Sdonfukd awGUcJh&onf[k *syefEkdifiHqkdif&m jrefrmoHtrwfrSwpfqifh ajymcJhaMumif; jrefrmhykvJxkwfvkyfa&;ESifh a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u qkdonf/

¤if;uyif ]]uRefawmfh tawGUtBuKHt& MopaMw;vsykvJxuf aps;aumif;&w,f}}[k awmifw½kwfyifv,f ykvJtrsKd;tpm;ü jrefrmhykvJu aps;tjrifhqkH; jzpfonfukd &Sif;jyonf/ awmifw½kwfyifv,f ykvJtrsKd;tpm;xGuf&Sd&mEkdifiHwkdYrSm MopaMw;vs? zdvpfykdif? tif'kdeD;&Sm;ESifh jrefrmwkdY jzpfonf/

urÇmhykvJaps;uGuf\ t"duae&mrSm a[mifaumifjzpfNyD;wpfurÇmvkH; xGuf&SdorQ\ ajcmufq,fhig;&mckdifEIef;ausmfukd

avvHwifí wpfurÇmvkH;okdY jzefYcsda&mif;csvsuf&SdNyD; jrefrmEkdifiHtaejzifhrl a[mifaumifavvHaps;okdY oGm;a&mufa&mif;csEkdifjcif; r&Sdao;[k vufawGUe,fy,ftwGif; vkyfukdifaeolrsm;xHrS od&onf/ jrefrmhykvJrsm;ukd jynfwGif;ü ykHrSefusif;yaom ausmufrsuf&wemjyyGJwGifom a&mif;csrI&SdcJhNyD; EkdifiHwumaps;uGufokdY oGm;a&mufjcif;? csdwfqufjcif;ESifh aMumfjimjcif;wkdYukdrl yk*¾vduu@rS OD;aqmifvmonfhtcsdefa&mufrSom ykdrkdí aumif;rGefvmEkdifaMumif;? ,ck tpkd;&Xmeqkdif&mrS vkyfukdif&mwGif &efykHaiG tuefYtowfrsm;jzifhomvkyfaqmifEkdifrnfjzpfaMumif; jrefrmhykvJu &Sif;jyonf/

jrefrmUykvJarG;jrLa&;tajctaejrefrmEkdifiHwGif pD;yGm;jzpf ykvJarG;jrLa&; (awmifw½kwf

yifv,fykvJ)ukd 1954 ckESpfuwnf;u *syefukrÜPDwkdYrSpwifvkyfukdifaeNyDjzpfNyD; xkdtcsdefu ta&SUawmiftm&SwGifyxrOD;qkH;[kyif qkdEkdifygonf/ 1962 ckESpf pD;yGm;a&;pepftajymif;tvJwGif ykvJvkyfief;tm; EkdifiHykdiftjzpf ajymif;vJcJhonf/ xkdYaemufykdif;wGif enf;ynmvkdtyfcsufrsm;aMumifhxkwfvkyfrI avsmhusum aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf usifhokH;csdefwGif jynfwGif;jynfyukrÜPDrsm; 0ifa&mufvkyfukdifcJhjcif;ESifhtwlenf;ynmtopfrsm;aMumifh jyefvnfwkd;wufvmcJhonf/vuf&SdwGif jrefrmhykvJvkyfief;tygt0if ykvJarG;jrLxkwfvkyfonfhvkyfief; ajcmufckcefY&SdNyD; jynfy&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIukrÜPD okH;ckMyanmar TASARI CO., LTD., Myanmar Atalantic Co.,

Ltd. (MopaMw;vs)? Adaman Co., Ltd. (xkdif;)wkdYjzpfNyD;jrefrmukrÜPDESpfckrSm ta&SUwkdif;ykvJESifh eDEkdykvJarG;jrLa&;ukrÜPDwkdY jzpfMuonf/ jrefrmhykvJarG;jrLa&;ukrÜPDESpfckrSm1991? 1992 uwnf;u pwifarG;jrLcJhMujcif;jzpfaomf vnf;enf;ynmvdktyfcsufaMumifh tusKd;&Sdwefoavmuf r&Sd[kykvJavmutwGif;rS od&onf/ 1997 ckESpfwGif EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIukrÜPDrsm;ukd cGifhjyKvkyfukdifcGifhay;cJh&mrSenf;ynmvTJajymif;&,lrI &&SdcJhonf/

]]EkdifiHjcm;ukrÜPDawG pmcsKyfcsKyfuwnf;u enf;ynmukd jrefrmEkdifiHom;awGukd vTJay;zkdYqkdwJhtcsufukd xnfhxm;wm/ tckqkd jrefrmvlrsKd; ykvJynm&SifawGu *syefawGeJY,SOfNyKdifEkdifaeygNyD}}[k enf;ynm vTJajymif;&,lcJhykHukd jrefrmhykvJu &Sif;jyonf/

vuf&Sd jrefrmEkdifiH\ ykvJxkwfvkyfrIwGif jynfwGif;jynfyukrÜPDrsm;onf jrefrmykvJvkyfief;ESifh zufpyfvkyfukdifMujcif;jzpfNyD; xkwfvkyfrItay: &mckdifEIef;jzifh cGJa0&,lonfh


pepfjzpfonf/ EkdifiHjcm;ukrÜPDrsm;taejzifh xkwfvkyfrItay:75 &mckdifEIef; tusKd;cHpm;cGifh &&Sdxm;onf[k jrefrmhykvJu qkdonf/,ck vuf&SdtajctaewGif jrefrmwmqmuD ykvJ arG;jrLa&;ukrÜPDrSykvJxGuf&SdrI wkd;wufvmvsuf&SdNyD; rMum rnfhESpfrsm;twGif;jrefrmukrÜPDrsm;rS xGuf&SdrIrSmvnf; wkd; wufvmrnf[k od&onf/,cktcg jynfwGif;rS vkyfukdifvkd aom vkyfief;&Sifrsm;tm;txl;OD;pm;ay;vsuf&SdNyD; enf;ynm yHhykd;rIay;Ekdif&ef pDrHxm;&SdygaMumif;jrefrmhykvJu qkdonf/

vwfwavm xkwfvkyfEkdifrI,ckESpf 2004-2005 ckESpf ZGef? Zlvkdif? Mo*kwfvwGif

ykvJrsm; pwifazmfvsuf&SdNyD; tcsKdUukrÜPDrsm;onf 'DZifbmvwGif azmfMurnfjzpfaMumif;? ,ckESpftwGuf ykvJvkH;a&ESpfodef;ausmf &&SdEkdifrnfjzpfaMumif; jrefrmhykvJu qkdonf/vmrnfhESpftwGif; jrefrmwmqmuDukrÜPDrS ykvJvkH;a& ESpfodef;cefY &&SdEkdifrnfjzpfNyD; jynfwGif;ukrÜPDwpfckrS ykvJvkH;a&ajcmufaomif;ausmf ykvJwpfvkH;vQif 0.5 rkdrDjzifh rkdrD 30000ausmf pwifxGufvmawmhrnf[k jrefrmhykvJrS od&Sd&onf/

,cifu ykvJarG;jrLa&;wGif rkwfaumift½kdif;rsm;ukdomt"dutm;xm;í 0wfqHoGif;um xkwfvkyf&jcif; jzpfonf/rkwfaumift½kdif;rsm;onf jrefrmha&jyifwGif aphaphpyfpyf

&SmazGzrf;qD;ygrS taumifa&wpfodef;cGJcefYom &&SdEkdifonfhtwGuf pD;yGm;jzpfarG;jrLawmhrnfqkdygu vkHavmufonfhaumifa&&&Sd&ef tcuftcJ &SdcJhonf/ jrefrmhykvJrS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;\ ajymMum;csuft& ,cktcg enf;ynm vTJajymif;&,lEkdifcJhNyDjzpfí rkwfaumifrsm;ukd om;azmufum 0wfqHoGif;EkdifNyDjzpfojzifh aumifa&rsm;pGm arG;jrLEkdifawmhrnf[k od&onf/

]]'DESpfxJrSm jynfwGif;ukrÜPDwpfckuqkd&if rkwfaumifwpfodef;oGif;zkdY &Sdw,f}}[k rkwfaumifom;azmufEkdifí wkd;wufarG;vmEkdifonfhtajctaeukd jrefrmhykvJu &Sif;jyonf/ ,cifurkwfaumift½kdif;rsm;ukd &SmazGpkaqmif;&onfhtwGuf rkwfaumifoufwrf;rnDjcif;? ykvJvkH;jzpfxGef;rI &mckdifEIef;enf;yg;jcif; jzpfcJh&onf[k od&onf/ ,cif rkwfaumift½kdif;100 ukd 0wfqHoGif;ygu ykvJ 55 &mckdifEIef;cefYom &&SdcJh&mwGif,ck om;azmufjzifh oGif;onfhtwGuf 85 &mckdifEIef;txdjzpfxGef;atmifjrifvmonf[k jrefrmhykvJu ajymMum;onf/

1925 ckESpf t*Fvdyftpkd;&tkyfpkd;pOf avhvmrIrsm;t&jrefrmhyifv,fjyifwGif xm;0,frS Zm'wfBuD;uRef;txd rkwfaumif½kdif;rsm; aygufzGm;&SifoefEkdifonfhtwGuf jrefrmhyifv,fjyifwGif ykvJukd pD;yGm;jzpfarG;jrLEkdifaomtajctae tajrmuftjrm; usef&Sdaeao;aMumif; od&onf/ awmifw½kwfyifv,f ykvJxkwfvkyfaom tNyKdifEkdifiHrsm;xJwGif jrefrmh

yifv,fjyifonf a&xknpfnrf;rI tenf;qkH;?arG;jrLEkdifaom {&d,mtus,fqkH;ESifh tqkdygyifv,fjyifokdY pD;0ifaom jrpfi,f? acsmif;i,faygif; 1000 ausmf&Sdjcif;? yifv,fa&pD;aMumif;tajctaewkdYt& t&nftaoG; taumif;qkH; ESifhtajrmuftjrm;xkwfvkyfEkdifaom tajctaetay;qkH;jzpfonf[k ,if;avhvmcsufu qkdonf/

a&mif;csEkdifrItajctaejrefrmhykvJvkyfief;rS &&Sdaom udef;*Pef;

rsm;t& ykvJa&mif;cs&rItajctaerSm ,ckESpf wGifa':vm ESpfoef;zkd;cefY a&mif;cscJh&aMumif;od&onf/ vuf&SdykvJukd t"duxkwfvkyfaomzufpyfEkdifiHjcm;ukrÜPDrsm;rS xkwfvkyfrItay:cGJa0jcif;t& &&Sdaom 25 &mckdifEIef;ukdom a&mif;cs&jcif;jzpfNyD; usef&Sdaom 75 &mckdifEIef;rSm tqkdygukrÜPDrsm;u &,loGm;aMumif;? aps;uGufwifa&mif;cs&mwGifvnf; jrefrmhausmufrsuf&wemjyyGJwGifom avvHwif a&mif;cs&jcif;jzpfonfh


tjrwftpGef;aumif;ygonfEkdifiHwum ykvJxkwfvkyfonfh ukefusp&dwfwGufcsuf

rIrsm;t& ykvJwpfrkdrDvQif xkwfvkyfrIukefusp&dwf a':vm60 rS 70 xd &SdaMumif; jrefrmEkdifiHtaejzifhrl vkyftm;coufomonfhtwGuf ykvJwpfrkdrDvQif xkwfvkyfrIukefusp&dwf 10 a':vmcefYom usoifhonfhtwGuf tjrwftpGef;BuD;rm;onfh vkyfief;wpfckjzpfygaMumif; jrefrmhykvJu qkdonf/ 1991 ckESpfuwnf;u pwifcJhMuaom jynfwGif;ukrÜPDrsm;taejzifh enf;ynmopfrsm; r&&SdrDu xkwfvkyfrIedrfhuscJhaomfvnf; xkwfvkyfrIukefusp&dwf oufomjcif;aMumifh ,cktxd &SifoefEkdifaejcif;jzpfygaMumif;? aemifvkyfukdifrnfhvlrsm;taejzifh tcuftcJrsm;ukd &ifqkdifp&modyfrusefawmhygaMumif; yk*¾vduvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/ vmrnfhESpfwGif jynfwGif;ukrÜPDwpfcktaejzifhueOD;a':vm okH;oef;zkd;cefY &&Sdawmhrnfjzpfonf/

]]ykvJarG;jrLa&;vkyfief;[m Labour Intensive vkyfief;jzpfvkdY Labour Cost oufomwJh jrefrmEkdifiHrSm wGufajcukdufw,f/ aps;EIef;uvnf; BuKdufwJhEkdifiHu aps;EIef;eJY ,SOfa&mif;EkdifwJh taetxm;rSm &Sdw,f}}[k jrefrmhykvJxkwfvkyfa&;ESifh a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;rS OD;aqmifnTefMum;a&;rSL;OD;armifwkd;u &Sif;jyonf/

ykvJonf om;azmufumv wpfESpfESifh 0wfqHoGif;NyD;ESpfESpfcefYwGifrS pwifí tjrwfpGef;&&SdEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ ,cktcg jynfwGif;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;tm; OD;pm;ay;cGifhjyKvsuf&SdonfhtwGuf xkwfvkyfrItay: cGJa0cHpm;rItay:rS &&SdrnfhtusKd;tjrwfrsm;onf jynfwGif;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;\ vufxJwGifom usef&Sdaernfjzpfojzifh EkdifiHjcm;aiG wkd;wuf&&Sda&;ukd taxmuftulBuD;pGm jzpfvmzG,f &Sdaeonf/

twGuf jynfyaps;uGufESifh xdawGUrIenf;ao;aMumif; tqkdygudef;*Pef;rsm;ukdMunfhí od&onf/ jynfwGif;tom;wifxkwfvkyfrI (GDP) tae jzifhEkdifiHjcm;ukrÜPDrsm;rS &&Sdaom&mckdifEIef;rsm;ESifh jynfwGif;ukrÜPDrsm; xGuf&SdrIygaygif;vQif a':vm10 oef;zkd;cefYxd &SdaMumif;? ,cktcgjrefrmhykvJwGif pkaqmif;okdavSmifxm;aom Stork tajrmuftjrm;usef&Sdaeao;aMumif; jrefrmhykvJuqkdonf/

,ckESpf ZGef? ZlvkdifvrS pwifí jrefrmwmqmuDukrÜPDrS¤if;&&Sdaom 75 &mckdifEIef;rS Best 20 ykvJrsm;ukd *syefEkdifiHwGifaMumfjimtm;aumif;aumif;jzifh Myanmar White trSwfwHqdyfjzifh a&mif;cscJh&m ueOD;umvrsm;twGif; 85 &mckdifEIef;cefYa&mif;tm;&&SdcJhaMumif;? aps;&&SdrIrSmvnf; tMurf;zsif;tm;jzifh ykvJESpfvkH;yg em;uwfqkdvQif ,rf; ESpfodef; (a':vmESpfaxmifcefY)? vufpGyfqkdvQif ,rf; ESpfodef;cGJ? ykvJ 35 vkH; rS40 xdygaom vnfqGJqkdvQif ,rf; ckepfodef;rS ESpfoef;(a':vmESpfaomif;)xd &&SdaeNyDjzpfí trsKd;wlykvJrsm;wGifaps;aumif;&&Sdonf[k qkdEkdifaMumif; jrefrmhykvJu &Sif;jyonf/tcsKdUykvJwGJrsm;qkdvQif ,rf; &Spfoef;xd &&Sdygonf[k qkdonf/ wmqmuDukrÜPDonf ,ckavmavmq,fxd Myanmar

White ykvJtm; owif;pmESifh ½kyfjrifoHMum;tpDtpOfrsm;wGifaMumfjimcJh&m a':vm ckepfodef;eD;yg; tukefuscHcJhNyD;jzpfonf[k ,if;ukrÜPDESifh eD;pyfolrsm;xHrS od&onf/

]]*syefrSm t&ifu ukd&mykvJukd okH;w,f/ awmifw½kwfyifv,fykvJqkd&if MopaMw;vswkdYu ykvJawG okH;w,f/ tckMyanmar White taeeJY jrefrmhykvJukd pwif xkd;azmufaeNyD}}[k jrefrmhykvJrS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;u aps;uGuftajctaeukd&Sif;jyonf/ vmrnfhESpfwGif jrefrmwmqmuDonf ykvJvkH;a&ESpfodef;cefY &&Sd&ef &Sdaeonf/

,cktcg Myanmar White ykvJtrSwfwHqdyfukd jrefrmwmqmuDukrÜPDrS rlykdif&&SdoGm;NyD;jzpf&m jynfwGif;ykvJukrÜPDrsm;rS xkwfvkyfaom ykvJrsm;teufrS Myanmar White

t&nftaoG;rDaom ykvJrsm;ukd 0,f,loGm;&ef &Sdaeygonf/jrefrmhykvJarG;jrLolrsm;taejzifh aps;uGufwpfck tckdiftrm&&Sdxm;onfh tajctaewpf&yf[k ,lq&efvnf; &Sdaeygonf/


,cifu urÇmhykvJaps;uGuf wGifykvJwpfrkdrDvQif a':vm 300 cefY&&S dc J haomfvnf; ,cktcg ykvJwpfrkdrDvQif a':vm 100 cefYomaygufaps;&Sdaeojzifh jrefrmEkdifiH\oufomaom xkwfvkyfrIukefusp&dwfaMumifh wGufajcukdufvsuf &Sdonf/ urÇmwGif ykvJaps;usíurÇmhykvJukrÜPDrsm;onf rsm;pGm½kef;uefae&aMumif;? wmqmuDukrÜPDonfyif ¤if;\ tjcm;EkdifiHa'ovkyfuGufrsm;wGif ½kef;uefae&aMumif;? jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd ¤if;\vkyfuGufrSom tjrwftpGef;&&Sdvsuf &SdaeaMumif; jrefrmhykvJvkyfief;u qkdonf/ trsKd;tpm;wlykvJrsm; xkwfvkyfonfh MopaMw;vs? zdvpfykdif? tif'kdeD;&Sm;? jrefrmwkdYwGif &moDOwka&ajrtajctaerSm jrefrmEkdifiHrSm taumif;qkH;jzpfí trsKd;tpm;taumif;qkH;jzpfaomfvnf; xkwfvkyfEkdifrIrSm tenf;qkH;jzpfae&onf[k jrefrmhykvJrSwm0ef&Sdolrsm;\ &Sif;jycsuft& od&onf/ awmifw½kwfyifv,f ykvJxkwfvkyfrItaejzifh 1000 rkdrDukd KN jzifhwGufvQif MopaMw;vsü 600 KN? tif'kdeD;&Sm;ü 400 KN ?zdvpfykdifrS 300 KN ESifh jrefrmrS 80 KN xkwfvkyfvsuf&SdonfhtwGuf jrefrmEkdifiHtaejzifh tvm;tvmaumif;rsm;rsm;pGm &Sdaeonf/

jynfwGif;ukrÜPDrsm;ukd zdwfac:ykvJarG;jrLjcif;vkyfief;onf tusKd;tjrwf BuD;rm;onfh

vkyfief;jzpf&m tajctaet&yf&yfay;aeonfhtcsdefwGifjynfwGif;ü xkwfvkyfaomykvJrsm;ukd jynfwGif;ü usefNyD;jynfwGif;vkyfief;&Sifrsm; tjrwftpGef;&&Sdap&eftwGufjynfwGif;vkyfief;&Sifrsm; 0ifa&mufvkyfukdifoifhonfh pD;yGm;a&;tcGifhtvrf;aumif;wpfcktjzpf ay:xGufvmNyDjzpfonf/

]]jynfwGif;ukrÜPDawGukd zdwfac:ygw,f/ ykvJ[m Re-

newable Product jzpfw,f/ Profit Margin jrifhw,f/ tckenf;ynm&SdaeNyD; om;azmufvkyfief;vnf; atmifjrifvmw,f/ jynfwGif;ukrÜPDwpfckqkd ,ckESpf aumifa& wpfodef;oGif;awmhr,f}}[k tjrwftpGef;rsm;NyD; EkdifiHjcm;0ifaiG &SmazGay;Ekdifaom ykvJvkyfief;ukd jynfwGif;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;tm; OD;pm;ay;xm;onfukd OD;armifwkd;u &Sif;jyonf/

ykvJarG;jrLa&;vkyfief;onf tpkd;&ESifh rjzpfrae

zufpyfvkyfukdif&rnfh ukefpnftrsKd;tpm; jzpfonf/ jynfwGif;vkyfief;&SifwpfOD;taejzifh ykvJarG;jrLawmhrnfqkdygu jrefrmhykvJxkwfvkyfa&;ESifh a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;okdYwifjy&rnfjzpfNyD; owåKwGif;0efBuD;XmerSwpfqifh jrefrm&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIaumfr&Sif\ cGifhjyKcsufukd &,lumvkyfukdif&rnfjzpfonf/ xkwfvkyfrItay: jrefrmhykvJvkyfief;okdY 30 &mckdifEIef; cGJa0ay;&rnfjzpfNyD; 60 &mckdifEIef;ukd ukrÜPDrS &&Sdrnfjzpfonf/

cGifhjyKcsuf&&SdNyD;ygu jrefrmhykvJrS a&jyifae&m a&G;cs,fowfrSwfay;jcif;? enf;ynm tultnDay;jcif;wkdYukd vkyfaqmifay;rnfjzpfNyD; arG;jrLa&;? a&vkyfief;ESifh pkdufysKd;a&;? pufrIvkyfief;rsm;uJhokdY aiGaMu;tultnDtpDtpOfrsm;rSmrl avmavmq,f r&Sdao;aMumif; oufqkdif&mwm0ef&Sdolrsm;\ajymMum;csufrsm;t& od&onf/

0kdif;0ef;aqmif&Guf&efykvJxkwfvkyfjcif;vkyfief;jzifh EkdifiHjcm;0ifaiG &SmazG

awmhrnfqkdvQif aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;oabmt& yk*¾vdutcef;u@rS 0ifa&mufOD;aqmif&ef vkdtyfvmrnfjzpfonf/ykvJonf ausmufrsuf&wemrsKd;EG,fjzpfNyD; Luxerial Goods

jzpfaeao;jcif;? a&&Snf&if;ESD;jr§KyfESH&onfhvkyfief;jzpfaejcif;wkdYaMumifh pDrHudef;0if xkwfukefrsm;ESifh r[mAsL[majrmufukefpnfxkwfvkyfjcif;vkyfief;rsm;om vkyfukdifavh&SdaomjynfwGif;vkyfief;&SifBuD;rsm;\Mum;wGif a&yef;rpm;ao;aomvkyfief;tjzpfom &Sdaeygao;onf/ ,cifu EkdifiHwumaps;uGufwGif ESpftwefMum xdawGUrIenf;cJh&mrS ,cktcg*syefaps;uGufwGif Myanmar White taejzifh aps;uGufxGif;azmufaeNyD;jzpf&m xkwfvkyfrIykdif;wGif tm½kHpkdufae&NyD; ukd,fykdifaps;uGuf r&&Sdao;rD Mum;umvwGif aps;uGufwpfcktjzpfcsdwfqufEkdifcGifh &SdaeNyDjzpfonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHü ausmufrsufwl;azmfjcif;uJhokdY (Non Renewable Resources) xkwfvkyfaom ausmufrsuf&wemvkyfief;&Sifrsm;onf ykvJxkwfvkyfjcif;uJhokdY Renewable Products xkwfvkyfrI vkyfief;cGifokdY0ifa&mufvmap&ef qGJaqmifEkdifcJhygu urÇmhaps;uGufwGifjrefrmhykvJtwGuf ae&mwpfck taotcsm &&SdvmEkdifygonf/

rif;Ekdifpkd;rif;Ekdifpkd;rif;Ekdifpkd;rif;Ekdifpkd;rif;Ekdifpkd;


[kdbuf ? onfbufaZ,smtkef;

]'g b,folajymwmvJ}[k q&m0efwpfOD;u rSm;,Gif;ukorIrsm;ESifh]'g b,folajymwmvJ}[k q&m0efwpfOD;u rSm;,Gif;ukorIrsm;ESifh]'g b,folajymwmvJ}[k q&m0efwpfOD;u rSm;,Gif;ukorIrsm;ESifh]'g b,folajymwmvJ}[k q&m0efwpfOD;u rSm;,Gif;ukorIrsm;ESifh]'g b,folajymwmvJ}[k q&m0efwpfOD;u rSm;,Gif;ukorIrsm;ESifhywfoufNyD; ykHESdyfrD'D,mrsm;rS a&;om;xm;onfrsm;ukdzwfí atmf[pfajymywfoufNyD; ykHESdyfrD'D,mrsm;rS a&;om;xm;onfrsm;ukdzwfí atmf[pfajymywfoufNyD; ykHESdyfrD'D,mrsm;rS a&;om;xm;onfrsm;ukdzwfí atmf[pfajymywfoufNyD; ykHESdyfrD'D,mrsm;rS a&;om;xm;onfrsm;ukdzwfí atmf[pfajymywfoufNyD; ykHESdyfrD'D,mrsm;rS a&;om;xm;onfrsm;ukdzwfí atmf[pfajymqkdygonf/ aq;ynm&yfESifhywfoufí rSm;,Gif;ukorIrsm;tm; a0zefvkdqkdygonf/ aq;ynm&yfESifhywfoufí rSm;,Gif;ukorIrsm;tm; a0zefvkdqkdygonf/ aq;ynm&yfESifhywfoufí rSm;,Gif;ukorIrsm;tm; a0zefvkdqkdygonf/ aq;ynm&yfESifhywfoufí rSm;,Gif;ukorIrsm;tm; a0zefvkdqkdygonf/ aq;ynm&yfESifhywfoufí rSm;,Gif;ukorIrsm;tm; a0zefvkdvQif oufqkdif&maq;ynm&yftm; uRrf;usifem;vnfol q&m0efwpfOD;OD;xHvQif oufqkdif&maq;ynm&yftm; uRrf;usifem;vnfol q&m0efwpfOD;OD;xHvQif oufqkdif&maq;ynm&yftm; uRrf;usifem;vnfol q&m0efwpfOD;OD;xHvQif oufqkdif&maq;ynm&yftm; uRrf;usifem;vnfol q&m0efwpfOD;OD;xHvQif oufqkdif&maq;ynm&yftm; uRrf;usifem;vnfol q&m0efwpfOD;OD;xHrS xifjrifcsufukd awmif;cHoifhaMumif; olru qkdygonf/rS xifjrifcsufukd awmif;cHoifhaMumif; olru qkdygonf/rS xifjrifcsufukd awmif;cHoifhaMumif; olru qkdygonf/rS xifjrifcsufukd awmif;cHoifhaMumif; olru qkdygonf/rS xifjrifcsufukd awmif;cHoifhaMumif; olru qkdygonf/

]uRefawmfxifygw,f/ uRefawmfwkdY&JU tjrifawGygvkduf&if ykdNyD;jynfhpkHoGm;rvm;vkdY}[k jrefrmEkdifiHwGif tapmqkH;zGifhvSpfcJhaom yk*¾vduaq;cef;BuD;wpfckukd zGifhvSpfxm;ol w½kwfEG,fzGm;wpfOD;u a0zefajymMum;onf/ ,aeYrD'D,mpmrsufESmrsm;ay:wGif usef;rm

a&;0efaqmifrIrsm;ESifhywfoufí a&;om;azmfjyaeonfrsm;ukd olYtaeESifhtjynfht0 ruefYuGufcsifovkd axmufcHrIvnf; rjyKvkyfcsifaMumif; ajymjyygonf/

bDvfukdAufcsfESifh wGrf½kdqefwsJvfwkdYu ¤if;wkdY\ The Elements of

Journalism pmtkyfwGif owif;pmynm\&nf&G,f&if;rSm jynfolvlxktwGuf jzpfaomfvnf; rQw½Ijrifwwf&ef vkdtyfaMumif; a&;om;azmfjycJhonf/ jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd aq;ynm&Sifq&m0efrsm;? usef;rma&;0efaqmifrIay;aeonfh yk*¾vduaq;cef;rsm;ESifhywfoufí tjrifwpfrsKd;wnf; a0zefajymqkdjcif;xuf ESpfzuftjrifrsm;ukd wifjy&rnfqkdvQif-

aq;ukorIEIef;xm;rsm;]]EkdifiHjcm;rSmvkd at;at;aq;aq;

tcsdef,lukcsif&if EkdifiHjcm;aps;ay;aygh}}[k txl;ukq&m0efwpfOD;u qkdygonf/ ukd,fwkdifu usef;rma&;0efaqmifrIvkyfief; vkyfaqmifaeaom q&m0efwpfOD;uvnf; EkdifiHjcm;wGif aq;ukorIEIef;xm;rsm; tvGefjrifhrm;aMumif;vnf;ajymqkdygonf/

EkdifiH&yfjcm;wGif q&m0eftvkyfjzifh toufarG;0rf;ausmif;jyKcJhNyD;jrefrmEkdifiHokdY jyefvnfa&muf&SdonfhtcgwGifvnf; yk*¾vduaq;cef;wpfckukd zGifhvSpfvkyfukdifaeaom q&m0efwpfOD;url ]]EkdifiHjcm;vkd vkdcsif&atmif[kdu *sD'DyDeJY 'Du *sD'DyD wlwmrS r[kwfwmAsm}}[k vlemrsm;bufrS awG;qajymMum;onf/

EkdifiH&yfjcm;wkdif;jynfrsm;uJhokdYjrefrmEkdifiH\ wpfOD;csif;0ifaiGrSm wef;wljrifhrm;rIr&Sdjcif;? jrefrmEkdifiHwGif EkdifiH&yfjcm;wkdif;jynfBuD;rsm;uJhokdY aq;ynmoifMum;rI p&dwfpu rBuD;jrifhjcif;(pmtkyfzkd;? usL&Sifzkd;rsm; ukefusonfukd taMumif;jyEkdifaomfvnf; ausmif;p&dwfrSmrl pm&if;xnfhí wGufEkdifavmufp&m r[kwfonfukdrl 0efcHMu&vdrfhrnf/) jrefrmEkdifiH\ aiGyrmPtvkduf0,fEkdifpGrf;tm; Purchasing Power

Priority onf EkdifiHjcm;wkdif;jynfrsm;


avmuf BuD;jrifhrI r&Sdjcif;wkdYaMumifhEkdifiHjcm;pHcsdefjzifhawmh wkdif;í&Ekdifrnfr[kwfyg/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif &,laeMuonfhaq;ukorIEIef;xm;rsm;rSmvnf; EkdifiH\aiGyrmPtvkduf 0,fEkdifpGrf;tm;ESifhEIdif;,SOfvQif enf;vSonf[k rqkdEkdifyg/jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ykHrSef aeYv,fpmwpfeyfukd jrefrmaiGav;ig;&mjzifh &Ekdifaomfvnf; EkdifiHjcm;wkdif;jynfBuD;rsm;wGifrlxkdYxuf tenf;qkH; av;ig;qay;rS &Ekdifonfjzpf&m aq;ukorIEIef;xm;rsm; uGmjcm;jcif;onf jyóemwpf&yfozG,frjzpfaeoifh[kvnf; ½Ijrifolrsm; &Sdygonf/

pGrf;aqmif&nfrsm;]]tefwDuawmh pGrf;aqmif&nf

Efficiency usoGm;w,fvkdY rxifbl;}}[k ygarmu©q&m0efBuD;wpfOD;u txl;ukq&m0efBuD;rsm;\ tvkyfcsdefrsm;rsm;jym;vGef;jcif;aMumifh pGrf;aqmif&nftay: xdckdufrI &SdEkdifrnfvm;qkdaomar;cGef;ukd ajzMum;ygonf/

a,bk,s pOf;pm;MunfhvQifyiftvkyfcsdefrsm;rsm;vkyf&aom vlwpfOD;\ pGrf;aqmif&nfrSm usqif;roGm;bJjynfh0aezkdYqkdonfrSm vG,fulaomt&mr[kwfyg/

tjcm; ygarmu©q&m0efBuD;wpfOD;u ¤if;xHokdY vTJajymif;a&muf&Sdvmaom vlemwpfOD;ESifhywfoufí,if;vlemtm; rdrdxHokdY apmapmpD;pD;vTJajymif;oifhaMumif;? yxrukoonfhygarmu©orm;awmfBuD;taeESifh þokdYjyKvkyf&rnfukd rod&SdEkdifp&mtaMumif;r&SdaMumif;? rdrd\rdwfaqGvnf;jzpfol,if;orm;awmfBuD;onf tvGefxl;cRefolwpfOD;jzpfaomfvnf; vlemMunfhcsdefrsm;vGef;í vpf[if;oGm;jcif;jzpfonf[kxifjrif,lq&aMumif; a0zefajymMum;zl;onf/

jrefrmEkdifiH aq;aumifpD\ aq;ukorIqkdif&m nTefMum;csufrsm;wGifyg&Sdonfh ]]vlemwkdif;onf rdrdtm;ukoaeaom q&m0ef\ taumif;qkH;ukorIESifh jyKpkapmifha&SmufrIukd cHpm;ykdifcGifh &Sd&rnf}} qkdonfukd twdtusr[kwfonfhwkdif teD;pyfqkH; taumiftxnfazmfEkdif&ef 0kdif;0ef;vkyfaqmifMuzkdY tcsdefwefaeNyD jzpfonf/

]]emrnft&rf;BuD;wJh q&m0efBuD;wpfa,mufqD oGm;jyw,fAsm/ uRefawmfhukd ukay;aewJh (tJ'Da&m*g uRrf;usifolawmhr[kwf) q&m0efu pdwfylvkdYolukay;zl;wJh tawGUtBuKHt& jrifcJhawGUcJh&wmawG a&;ay;vkdufw,f/ [kda&mufawmh 'gawGukd wpfckrS rzwfMunfhbl;/ enf;enf;yg;yg;prf;NyD; aq;pay;awmhwmyJ}}[k ykHESdyfxkwfa0a&;vkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u ol\cHpm;csufukdzGifh[ygonf/

oufvwfykdif;t&G,f txl;ukq&m0efwpfOD;url txufygvkyfief;&SifESifh oabmxm;csif; wkdufqkdifrI r&Sdyg/ ]]tJ'Dq&m0efBuD;qDrSmyJ uRefr tarukd oGm;jywmyJ/ uRefrvnf; txl;ukq&m0efwpfOD;rSef;vnf; ajymjyvkdufa&m *½kpkdufvkdufwm t&rf;yJ}}

&efukefqifajczkH;&Sd txyfjrifhyk*¾vduaq;cef;BuD;wpfOD;\ ykdif&SifwpfOD;u q&m0efBuD;rsm;taejzifhwpf&ufukd b,fESa,muf MunfhrvJqkdonfh uefYowfcsuf &SdoifhaMumif;?xkdokdYqkdvQif tcsdef,l tMunfhcH&aomvlemrsm;twGuf rsm;pGm tusKd;jzpfxGef;aprnfjzpfaMumif; okH;oyfygonf/

xkdokdYqkdvQif q&m0efBuD;rsm;rMunfhEk difonfh vlemrsm;twGufrnfokdYvkyfMurnfenf;/ q&m0efwpfOD;uawmh ,ckuJhokdY tBuHay;onf/yk*¾vduaq;cef;BuD;rsm;wGif qkdif;bkwf


trsm;qkH; wyfxm;onfh q&m0efBuD;rsm;avmuf rawmfonfhwkdifatmifolwkdYavmuf eD;eD;pyfpyfawmfonfhq&m0efBuD;rsm; (xkdtxJrS tcsKdUonfonfwkdif; xkdifae&wmrsm;onf[k vnf;qkdonf/)xH a&muf&SdukoMu jcif;jzifhajz&Sif;Ekdifonf[k qkdonf/

NrKdUv,faq;cef;ykdif&SifwpfOD;uawmh ,ckvkd tBuHay;ygonf/ ]]tNidrf;pm;,loGm;wJh q&m0efBuD;awGvnf;tm;ukd;avmufygw,fAsm/ olwkdYqDukdvlemawGu odyfroGm;csifMubl;/ vuf&Sdygarmu©BuD;awGqDyJ oGm;csifwwfMuw,f}}

vlom;&if;jrpfuRrf;usifpGrf;tm;pkr<u,f0ao;cifwGif txufyg enf;vrf;rsm;jzifh taumif;qkH;r[kwfonfhwkdifatmif txkduftavsmuf ajz&Sif;Ekdifygonf/

t&nftaoG;rsm;txl;ukr[kwfaom ½kd;½kd;q&m0ef

trsm;pk yg0ifonfh wm0efcHq&m0efrsm;(Medical Officers) \ t&nftaoG;onf tvGefta&;BuD;aMumif; ukd,fwkdifvnf; q&m0efwpfOD;jzpfNyD; yk*¾vduaq;cef;BuD;wpfckukdvnf; zGifhvSpfvkyfukdifaeolwpfOD;u ajymqkdonf/

]]olwkdYu vrf;qkHvrf;cGrSmxkdifNyD;vlemawGukd qkdif&mqkdif&m q&m0efBuD;awGqD vTJay;Ekdif&r,fAsm/ nbufqkd&ifvnf; q&m0efBuD;u &Sdwmr[kwfbl;/ olwkdYyJ &Sdwm/ ESvkH;aMumifh touf½SLMuyfwmukd tqkwfaMumifhvkdY wvGJajymvkduf&if zkef;eJY ajzMum; ajymjy&r,fh q&m0efBuD;uvnf; tqkwfeJYywfoufwmawGyJ ajymjyawmhrSmav/oluvnf; jrif&wmrS r[kwfyJ}}

wm0efcHq&m0efrsm;\ yg;eyfvdr®mrIonf q&m0efBuD;rsm;ESifh aq;

cef;BuD;rsm;\ *kPfodu©mtwGufta&;BuD;onf[kvnf; oufvwfykdif;t&G,f tqkdygq&m0efu xifjrifygonf/

aq;wuúokdvf(2)&Sd ygarmu©XmerSL;wpfOD;url rsKd;qufopf q&m0efrsm;\t&nftaoG;onf ¤if;wkdYxufyifxl;cRefonf[k rSwfcsufcsygonf/ jrifawGUzl;aom rsKd;qufopfq&m0efrsm;ukd,fwkdifurl ¤if;wkdY\ aqGrsKd;om;csif;rsm; aq;cef;jy&ef vkdtyfonfhtcgq&m0efBuD;rsm;xHokdYom oGm;a&mufjyowwfMuonf/

aq;cef;&Sifrsm;\ zGifU[csuf]]uRefawmfwkdY aq;cef;awGeJY

ywfoufvkdY ajymaea&;aewmeJY ywfoufNyD; BuKdqkdygw,f/ uRefawmfwkdYukd,fwkdifvnf; 'gawGukd rBuKdufbl;/BuKd;pm;ayr,fhvnf; auseyfavmufwJhtaetxm; ra&mufEkdifao;bl;}}[kajymqkdoluawmh oufwrf;t&ifhqkH;yk*¾vduaq;cef;BuD;wpfck wnfaxmifxm;olwpfOD;jzpfonf/ rdrdwkdY&&SdonfhuRrf;usif0efxrf;trsm;pkrSm tom;aoNyD;om;olrsm;omjzpfaMumif;?usef;rma&;0efaqmifrIu@twGufyk*¾vduu@rS uRrf;usifolrsm; &&Sd&efavmavmq,f rjzpfEkdifao;aMumif;nnf;nLajymqkdygonf/

]]xkdif;vkd? pifumylvkdqkd&ifawmhwpfrsKd;ayghAsm/ olemjyKuae txl;ukq&m0efBuD;awGtxd rBuKduf&if aemufwpfa,muf vJvkdY&w,fav/ 'DrSmawmhodyfrajym&Jbl;Asm}}

NrKdUqifajczkH;&Sd txyfjrifhaq;cef;BuD;wpfck\ pDrHcefYcGJa&;wm0ef&SdolurlykHESdyfrD'D,mrsm;wGif a&;om;azmfjycsufrsm;onf vlemtm;vkH;tm; ukd,fpm;jyKvdrfhrnf[k r,kHMunfaMumif;? okdY&mwGif

¤if;taejzifh BuKdqkdaMumif;? okdYrSomjyifqifoifhonfrsm;ukd jyifqifEkdifrnfjzpfaMumif;jzifh ¤if;\xifjrifcsufukdajymqkdygonf/

]]rD'D,mawGukd ajymovkdrsKd;uRefawmfh½kH;cef;ukdvnf; vmNyD; &J&J0Hh0HhaqG;aEG;apcsifygw,f}}[k vlemrsm;tm;olu wkdufwGef;vkdufygonf/

rar;MuíbJ rajymwmvm;/rajymMuíbJ rar;Muwmvm;awmh rod/cGJqkdvQif cGJvkdufMuonfh vlemrsm;rSmtrsm;pkjzpfaMumif;? jyefvSefar;cGef;xkwfonfh vlemrsm;rSm enf;yg;aMumif;?jrefrmEkdifiHom;rsm;taejzifh ukd,fhtcGifhta&; ukd,fawmif;&J&efvkdaMumif; oluqufvufwkdufwGef;jyefygonf/

tjyeftvSefem;vnfrI aq;0g;ukorIvkyfief;onf

toufrsm;ESifh&if;í vkyfukdifae&onfhvkyfief;wpfckjzpfonfhtwGuf aq;cef;BuD;wpfck\ ykdif&Sifjzpfolu vlemrsm;taejzifh q&m0efBuD;rsm;ESifh aq;cef;rsm;tay: em;vnfay;rI &SdoifhaMumif;ajymygonf/ xkdokdY tcRwftacsmftwdrf;tapmif;rsm;ukd em;vnfay;&rnfqkdvQif vlemrsm;\ tcRwftacsmftwdrf;tapmif;rsm;rSm Oyrm-aiGaMu;ray;Ekdifjcif;ukd ¤if;wkdYbufrS em;vnfay;rnfavm/

em;vnfrI'D*&Drsm;ukd wkdif;xGm&rnfqkdvQif vlemrsm;\ em;vnfrIonf ykdomonf[k qkdEkdifonf/

]]jrefrmjynfrSm aq;uk&wm odyfaumif;w,fAsm/ q&mvnf; tac:cH&w,f/ ukd,fhukd,fvnf; bmrS jyóemr&Smbl;/ trSm;rSm;t,Gif;,Gif; jzpfoGm;&ifawmif uHaMumifhyJavvkdY ajzay;wwfMuw,f}}[k tNidrf;pm;,loGm;NyDjzpfonfh ygarmu©XmerSL;q&m0efBuD;

trsm;qkH; wyfxm;onfh q&m0efBuD;rsm;avmuf rawmfonfhwkdifatmifolwkdYavmuf eD;eD;pyfpyfawmfonfhq&m0efBuD;rsm; (xkdtxJrS tcsKdUonfonfwkdif; xkdifae&wmrsm;onf[k vnf;qkdonf/)xH a&muf&SdukoMu jcif;jzifhajz&Sif;Ekdifonf[k qkdonf/

NrKdUv,faq;cef;ykdif&SifwpfOD;uawmh ,ckvkd tBuHay;ygonf/ ]]tNidrf;pm;,loGm;wJh q&m0efBuD;awGvnf;tm;ukd;avmufygw,fAsm/ olwkdYqDukdvlemawGu odyfroGm;csifMubl;/ vuf&Sdygarmu©BuD;awGqDyJ oGm;csifwwfMuw,f}}

vlom;&if;jrpfuRrf;usifpGrf;tm;pkr<u,f0ao;cifwGif txufyg enf;vrf;rsm;jzifh taumif;qkH;r[kwfonfhwkdifatmif txkduftavsmuf ajz&Sif;Ekdifygonf/

t&nftaoG;rsm;txl;ukr[kwfaom ½kd;½kd;q&m0ef

trsm;pk yg0ifonfh wm0efcHq&m0efrsm;(Medical Officers) \ t&nftaoG;onf tvGefta&;BuD;aMumif; ukd,fwkdifvnf; q&m0efwpfOD;jzpfNyD; yk*¾vduaq;cef;BuD;wpfckukdvnf; zGifhvSpfvkyfukdifaeolwpfOD;u ajymqkdonf/

]]olwkdYu vrf;qkHvrf;cGrSmxkdifNyD;vlemawGukd qkdif&mqkdif&m q&m0efBuD;awGqD vTJay;Ekdif&r,fAsm/ nbufqkd&ifvnf; q&m0efBuD;u &Sdwmr[kwfbl;/ olwkdYyJ &Sdwm/ ESvkH;aMumifh touf½SLMuyfwmukd tqkwfaMumifhvkdY wvGJajymvkduf&if zkef;eJY ajzMum; ajymjy&r,fh q&m0efBuD;uvnf; tqkwfeJYywfoufwmawGyJ ajymjyawmhrSmav/oluvnf; jrif&wmrS r[kwfyJ}}

wm0efcHq&m0efrsm;\ yg;eyfvdr®mrIonf q&m0efBuD;rsm;ESifh aq;

cef;BuD;rsm;\ *kPfodu©mtwGufta&;BuD;onf[kvnf; oufvwfykdif;t&G,f tqkdygq&m0efu xifjrifygonf/

aq;wuúokdvf(2)&Sd ygarmu©XmerSL;wpfOD;url rsKd;qufopf q&m0efrsm;\t&nftaoG;onf ¤if;wkdYxufyifxl;cRefonf[k rSwfcsufcsygonf/ jrifawGUzl;aom rsKd;qufopfq&m0efrsm;ukd,fwkdifurl ¤if;wkdY\ aqGrsKd;om;csif;rsm; aq;cef;jy&ef vkdtyfonfhtcgq&m0efBuD;rsm;xHokdYom oGm;a&mufjyowwfMuonf/

aq;cef;&Sifrsm;\ zGifU[csuf]]uRefawmfwkdY aq;cef;awGeJY

ywfoufvkdY ajymaea&;aewmeJY ywfoufNyD; BuKdqkdygw,f/ uRefawmfwkdYukd,fwkdifvnf; 'gawGukd rBuKdufbl;/BuKd;pm;ayr,fhvnf; auseyfavmufwJhtaetxm; ra&mufEkdifao;bl;}}[kajymqkdoluawmh oufwrf;t&ifhqkH;yk*¾vduaq;cef;BuD;wpfck wnfaxmifxm;olwpfOD;jzpfonf/ rdrdwkdY&&SdonfhuRrf;usif0efxrf;trsm;pkrSm tom;aoNyD;om;olrsm;omjzpfaMumif;?usef;rma&;0efaqmifrIu@twGufyk*¾vduu@rS uRrf;usifolrsm; &&Sd&efavmavmq,f rjzpfEkdifao;aMumif;nnf;nLajymqkdygonf/

]]xkdif;vkd? pifumylvkdqkd&ifawmhwpfrsKd;ayghAsm/ olemjyKuae txl;ukq&m0efBuD;awGtxd rBuKduf&if aemufwpfa,muf vJvkdY&w,fav/ 'DrSmawmhodyfrajym&Jbl;Asm}}

NrKdUqifajczkH;&Sd txyfjrifhaq;cef;BuD;wpfck\ pDrHcefYcGJa&;wm0ef&SdolurlykHESdyfrD'D,mrsm;wGif a&;om;azmfjycsufrsm;onf vlemtm;vkH;tm; ukd,fpm;jyKvdrfhrnf[k r,kHMunfaMumif;? okdY&mwGif

¤if;taejzifh BuKdqkdaMumif;? okdYrSomjyifqifoifhonfrsm;ukd jyifqifEkdifrnfjzpfaMumif;jzifh ¤if;\xifjrifcsufukdajymqkdygonf/

]]rD'D,mawGukd ajymovkdrsKd;uRefawmfh½kH;cef;ukdvnf; vmNyD; &J&J0Hh0HhaqG;aEG;apcsifygw,f}}[k vlemrsm;tm;olu wkdufwGef;vkdufygonf/

rar;MuíbJ rajymwmvm;/rajymMuíbJ rar;Muwmvm;awmh rod/cGJqkdvQif cGJvkdufMuonfh vlemrsm;rSmtrsm;pkjzpfaMumif;? jyefvSefar;cGef;xkwfonfh vlemrsm;rSm enf;yg;aMumif;?jrefrmEkdifiHom;rsm;taejzifh ukd,fhtcGifhta&; ukd,fawmif;&J&efvkdaMumif; oluqufvufwkdufwGef;jyefygonf/

tjyeftvSefem;vnfrI aq;0g;ukorIvkyfief;onf

toufrsm;ESifh&if;í vkyfukdifae&onfhvkyfief;wpfckjzpfonfhtwGuf aq;cef;BuD;wpfck\ ykdif&Sifjzpfolu vlemrsm;taejzifh q&m0efBuD;rsm;ESifh aq;cef;rsm;tay: em;vnfay;rI &SdoifhaMumif;ajymygonf/ xkdokdY tcRwftacsmftwdrf;tapmif;rsm;ukd em;vnfay;&rnfqkdvQif vlemrsm;\ tcRwftacsmftwdrf;tapmif;rsm;rSm Oyrm-aiGaMu;ray;Ekdifjcif;ukd ¤if;wkdYbufrS em;vnfay;rnfavm/

em;vnfrI'D*&Drsm;ukd wkdif;xGm&rnfqkdvQif vlemrsm;\ em;vnfrIonf ykdomonf[k qkdEkdifonf/

]]jrefrmjynfrSm aq;uk&wm odyfaumif;w,fAsm/ q&mvnf; tac:cH&w,f/ ukd,fhukd,fvnf; bmrS jyóemr&Smbl;/ trSm;rSm;t,Gif;,Gif; jzpfoGm;&ifawmif uHaMumifhyJavvkdY ajzay;wwfMuw,f}}[k tNidrf;pm;,loGm;NyDjzpfonfh ygarmu©XmerSL;q&m0efBuD;


rkd;av0oESifU vlrIpD;yGm;tusKd;qufuH&Sif

½kyf0w¬KzGHUNzKd;rIESifhtwl tjcm;wpfzufü obm0ywf0ef;usif ysufpD;,kd,Gif;rI[laom qkd;usKd;u uyfygvmojzifh urÇmwGif obm0ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;a&;vkyfief;pOfrsm;ukd ynm&Sifrsm;u tav;ay;azmfjyvmcJhonf/tkdZkef;vTmyg;vTmaygufNyJrIaMumifh urÇm

2004 ckESpf tar&duefor®wa&G;aumufyGJü ,SOfNyKdifta&G;cs,fcHrnfh ESpfOD;teuf 'Drkdu&ufwpfor®wavmif;jzpfol2004 ckESpf tar&duefor®wa&G;aumufyGJü ,SOfNyKdifta&G;cs,fcHrnfh ESpfOD;teuf 'Drkdu&ufwpfor®wavmif;jzpfol2004 ckESpf tar&duefor®wa&G;aumufyGJü ,SOfNyKdifta&G;cs,fcHrnfh ESpfOD;teuf 'Drkdu&ufwpfor®wavmif;jzpfol2004 ckESpf tar&duefor®wa&G;aumufyGJü ,SOfNyKdifta&G;cs,fcHrnfh ESpfOD;teuf 'Drkdu&ufwpfor®wavmif;jzpfol2004 ckESpf tar&duefor®wa&G;aumufyGJü ,SOfNyKdifta&G;cs,fcHrnfh ESpfOD;teuf 'Drkdu&ufwpfor®wavmif;jzpfolJohn Kerry onf Zlvkdifv aemufqkH;ywfu jyKvkyfaom ygwD\ onf Zlvkdifv aemufqkH;ywfu jyKvkyfaom ygwD\ onf Zlvkdifv aemufqkH;ywfu jyKvkyfaom ygwD\ onf Zlvkdifv aemufqkH;ywfu jyKvkyfaom ygwD\ onf Zlvkdifv aemufqkH;ywfu jyKvkyfaom ygwD\ Convention ü EkdifiHwumqufqHa&;? EkdifiHawmfü EkdifiHwumqufqHa&;? EkdifiHawmfü EkdifiHwumqufqHa&;? EkdifiHawmfü EkdifiHwumqufqHa&;? EkdifiHawmfü EkdifiHwumqufqHa&;? EkdifiHawmfvkHNcKHa&;wkdYESifh ywfoufaom vkHNcKHa&;wkdYESifh ywfoufaom vkHNcKHa&;wkdYESifh ywfoufaom vkHNcKHa&;wkdYESifh ywfoufaom vkHNcKHa&;wkdYESifh ywfoufaom Issue rsm;tjyif rsm;tjyif rsm;tjyif rsm;tjyif rsm;tjyif Environmental Issue udkyg ta&;wBuD; vkyfaqmif&rnfhu@tjzpfudkyg ta&;wBuD; vkyfaqmif&rnfhu@tjzpfudkyg ta&;wBuD; vkyfaqmif&rnfhu@tjzpfudkyg ta&;wBuD; vkyfaqmif&rnfhu@tjzpfudkyg ta&;wBuD; vkyfaqmif&rnfhu@tjzpfxnfhoGif;ajymMum;oGm;onf/ tqkdygu@ukd xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;vmjcif;onf NyKdifbufwpfOD;u tav;rxm;aom ta&;BuD;xnfhoGif;ajymMum;oGm;onf/ tqkdygu@ukd xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;vmjcif;onf NyKdifbufwpfOD;u tav;rxm;aom ta&;BuD;xnfhoGif;ajymMum;oGm;onf/ tqkdygu@ukd xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;vmjcif;onf NyKdifbufwpfOD;u tav;rxm;aom ta&;BuD;xnfhoGif;ajymMum;oGm;onf/ tqkdygu@ukd xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;vmjcif;onf NyKdifbufwpfOD;u tav;rxm;aom ta&;BuD;xnfhoGif;ajymMum;oGm;onf/ tqkdygu@ukd xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;vmjcif;onf NyKdifbufwpfOD;u tav;rxm;aom ta&;BuD;onfh [muGufwpfcktm; wkdufckdufvmjcif;jzpfonfhtjyif urÇmhvlom;xktwGuf jiif;r&atmif ta&;ygaomu@ jzpfaeojzifhonfh [muGufwpfcktm; wkdufckdufvmjcif;jzpfonfhtjyif urÇmhvlom;xktwGuf jiif;r&atmif ta&;ygaomu@ jzpfaeojzifhonfh [muGufwpfcktm; wkdufckdufvmjcif;jzpfonfhtjyif urÇmhvlom;xktwGuf jiif;r&atmif ta&;ygaomu@ jzpfaeojzifhonfh [muGufwpfcktm; wkdufckdufvmjcif;jzpfonfhtjyif urÇmhvlom;xktwGuf jiif;r&atmif ta&;ygaomu@ jzpfaeojzifhonfh [muGufwpfcktm; wkdufckdufvmjcif;jzpfonfhtjyif urÇmhvlom;xktwGuf jiif;r&atmif ta&;ygaomu@ jzpfaeojzifhvlxk\tusKd;ukd tav;*½kxm;&mvnf; a&mufygonf/vlxk\tusKd;ukd tav;*½kxm;&mvnf; a&mufygonf/vlxk\tusKd;ukd tav;*½kxm;&mvnf; a&mufygonf/vlxk\tusKd;ukd tav;*½kxm;&mvnf; a&mufygonf/vlxk\tusKd;ukd tav;*½kxm;&mvnf; a&mufygonf/

BuD;ylaEG;vmum ,if;tusKd;quftjyif&moDOwkazmufjyefrIrsm;ukd wjznf;jznf; BuKHawGUrI rsm;vmcJhonf/ vuf&Sd urÇmBuD;\ ysrf;rQtylcsdefonf ESpf'D*&D pifwD*&dwftxd jrifhwufaeaMumif; odyÜHynm&Sifrsm;u today;cJhonf/ ,if;tajctaeaMumifh urÇm

ay:&Sd ouf&Sdrsm; ysufjyKef;cJhzl;aom umvwpfckqDokdY pl;prf;rIrsm; jyKvkyfcJhonf/ tqkdygouf&S d 90 &mckdifEIef;cefYysufokOf;aysmufuG,fcJh&aomumvü urÇmBuD;\ tylcsdefonf omref&Sdoifhonfxuf 6'D*&DpifwD*&dwftxd ykdcJhonfukd odyÜHynm&Sifrsm; awGU&SdcJhMuonf/

,ckrsufarSmufumvurÇmay:ü jzpfay:aeaom tylcsdef jrifhwufajymif;vJrIEIef;onf ouf&S dysufokOf;cJ hpOfumvuEIef;xuf ykdrkdjrefqefaeojzifh odyÜHynm&SiftcsKdUu,ck 21 &mpktm; aemufqkH;&mpk

ESpfyifjzpfavrvm;[laom ar;cGef;ukdyif xkwfvmMuonf/ tb,fhaMumifhqkdaomf vuf&Sdtylcsdef jrifhwufEIef;t&qkdvQif c&pfouú&mZf 2100 ckESpfüurÇmhtylcsdefrSm 6 'D*&D pifwD*&dwftxdjrifhwufausmfvGefoGm;zG,f&SdaMumif; odyÜHynm&SifwkdYu wGufcsufxm;jcif;aMumifhjzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifhyif urÇmBuD;ylaEG;rI


Global Warming jzpfpOfaMumifhurÇmBuD; ukdowday;rI Global Warning ukdjyKvkyf vmaeNyD[k ajymprSwf jzpfvmcJhonf/

urÇmBuD;ylaEG;rIjzpfpOfaMumifhurÇmhrkd;av0otajctaeonf ,cifuESifh rwlaom jzpfysufrIrsm;ukd BuKHawGU&aMumif; ynm&SifwkdYu qkdonf/

]]urÇmylaEG;vmvkdY ajymif;vJvmwJhtxJrSm &moDOwkazmufjyefwmawGygw,f/ tck rkd;av0otajctaeuykHaoaumufcsufqGJzkdY cufw,f/ wpfBudrfeJY wpfBudrf jzpfykHysufykHjcif; rwlawmhbl;}}[líurÇmhrkd;av0otzGJUtpnf;BuD;\ jrefrmEkdifiHqkdif&m owif;xkwfjyefa&; wm0efcHjzpfol OD;xGef;vGifurSwfcsufcsygonf/ azmufjyefwwfaomobm0aMumifh rkd;av0ocefYrSef;rIonf,cifuxuf ykdrkdta&;ygvmNyD; vuf&Sdtcsdeftcgavmuf rkd;av0ota&;ygwmrsKd;r&SdaMumif; ,if;yk*¾Kdvfu qkdygonf/ rkd;av0ocefYrSef;csufrsm;? todynmay;rIrsm;aMumifh obm0ab;tEÅ&m,ftcsKdUtm; &ifqkdifausmfvTm;EkdifcJhojzifh rkd;av0otajctaersm;ESifhywfoufíowif;xkwfjyefrIrsm;tm;vltrsm;xH tvsiftjref a&muf&Sdapa&;onfta&;ygaomudpöwpf&yf jzpfvmonf/

,ckESpf obm0ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;,ckESpf rkd;umvü jrefrmEkdifiH

tygt0if tdEd,? b*Fvm;a'h&Sf? eDayg ESifhw½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHwkdYü rkd; rsm;ojzifha&BuD;um ysufpD;qkH;½IH;rI rsm;jcif;?

v ltaotay s mu fr s m ; j ci f ;w k d YjzpfcJh&onfukd urÇmhrD'D,mtoD;oD;rSxkwfjyefcJhonfukd awGU&onf/ jrefrmEkdifiH ajrmufzsm;ykdif; {&m0wDjrpf a&a0a&vJa'owGif rkwfokHrkd; tqrwef&GmoGef;rIaMumifh jrpfa&BuD;rIonfpkd;&drfa&rSwfausmfvGefcJhonf/ Zlvkdifv 19&ufwGif jrpfBuD;em;NrKdUü ajcmufayausmfcefY jrpfa&jrifhwufoGm;cJhaMumif;?jrpfa&wufrIonf okH;ayqkdvQif pkd;&drfa&rSwfowfrSwfaMumif;? Zlvkdifv 18&ufu qGrfy&mbGrfNrKdUü rkd;a&csdefvufr 8.27txd &GmoGef;cJhaMumif; rkd;av0o ESifhZvaA'nTefMum;rIOD;pD;XmerS wm0ef &Sdyk*¾Kdvfa':wif&Du qkdygonf/

tqkdygjrpfa&BuD;rIonf {&m0wDjrpfwpfavQmuf&Sd a'ojzpfaom Aef;armf?uomrS [oFmwNrKdUrsm;txd qifhuJqifhuJ jrpfa&BuD;um pkd;&drfa&rSwfausmfvGefapcJhonf/

,ckESpf jrpfa&BuD;rIonf {&m0wDjrpfaMumif;wpfavQmuf a'otoD;oD;ü pHcsdefopfwifcJhNyD; {&m0wDjrpf?csif;wGif;jrpf? oHvGifjrpfESifh ppfawmif; jrpfpaom jrpfBuD;av;pif;tygt0iftjcm;jrpfwkdYüvnf; jrpfa&BuD;rIjzpfay:cJhonf/ ,ckESpfwGif tqkdygobm0ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;ESifh ywfoufí xl;jcm;csufwpf&yfrSm pdwf0ifpm;zG,fwkdufqkdifrIjzpfonf/ ,if;wkdufqkdifrIrSmarv 19 wGif &ckdifjynfe,fü rkefwkdif;'Da&jzpfay:jcif;? 'kwd,tBudrf ZGefv 19&ufwGif rkwfokHavOD; 0ifa&mufjcif;?

Zlvkdifv 19 &ufwGif jrpfa&BuD;rI pkd;&drfa&rSwf ausmfvGefjcif;wkdYyif jzpf onf/xkdYjyif arv 19 &ufu jzpfay: cJhaomrkefwkdif;onf ajrmufvwåDwG'f 19 'D*&DESifhta&SUavmif*sDwG'f 91 'D*&D wGifjzpfay:cJhjcif;rSm xl;jcm;aom wkdufqdkifrIyif jzpfonf/

ysufpD;qkH;½IH;rIrsm;xkduJhokdY arv 19 &ufwGif &ckdif

urf;½kd;wef;ajrmufykdif;wpfavQmufqkdifuvkef;rkefwkdif; 0ifa&mufarTaESmufcJhojzifh ppfawG? ausmufjzL? ajrykHESifhaygufawmNrKdUwkdYü vltrsm;tjym;aoaMuysufpD;jcif;? tkd;rJhtdrfrJhjzpfjcif;ESifhtjcm;ysufpD;qkH;½IH;rIrsm;pGmukd BuKHawGUcJhMu&onf/

ZlvdkifvtwGif; jzpfay:cJhaomrkd;BuD;rI? jrpfa&vQHwufrIrsm;aMumifhoufqkdif&ma'orsm;wGif aumufyJoD;ESHrsm;ysufpD;jcif;? vlrsm;xdckdufjcif;?tkd;tdrftaqmufttkHrsm; ysufpD;jcif;paom ab;tEÅ&m,frsm; BuKHawGUcJh& onf/xkdYtjyif rkd;rsm;í a&BuD;jcif; aMumifhvrf;rsm;ysufpD;NyD; vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&;aESmifhaES;um o,f,lykdYaqmifa&;u@rsm;ukd xddckdufcJhonf/xkdYtwl a&,mOfrsm; oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;rI&yfqkdif;cJhNyD; ukefpnfykdYaqmifa&;ukdxdckdufum ukefonftcsKdU t½IH;ay:cJh&onf[k bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdif ukefonftokdif;t0kdif;rS od&onf/ vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&;udk aESmifhaES;apjcif;? tkd;tdrfrsm; tajcrJhjzpf&jcif;? taqmufttkHrsm; ysufpD;qkH;½IH;&jcif; ponfwkdYaMumifh vlrIpD;yGm;0ef;usifudk rsm;pGmxdckdufcJh&onfrSm a&SmifvTJír&Ekdif aomobm0ab;tEÅ&m,ftusK d;qufrsm;aMumifhyif jzpfonf/ okdYaomfBuKdwifcefYrSef;od&SdEkdifaom obm0

rk d ;av0ocef hr Se f ;csufrsm; ? todynmay;r Irsm;aMumif h obm0ab;tEå&m,ftcsKd Y tm; &ifqkdifausmfvTm;EkdifcJ hojzifh rkd;av0otajctaersm;ESif U ywfoufí owif;xkwfjyefrIrsm;tm; vltrsm;xH tvsiftjre fa&muf& S dapa&;onf ta&;ygaomudp öwpf&y f jzp fvmonf/


ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;ukdrl BuKdwifumuG,fEkdif&ef enf;vrf;rsKd;pkHtokH;jyKí &Ekdifao;ayonf/ ,if;uJhokdY BuKdwifumuG,fwm;qD;Ekdifa&;rSm oufqkdif&mu vltrsm;xHokdY tcsdefrD od&Sdap&efowif;xkwfjyefay;ykdYí owday;jcif;yifjzpfonf/

BuKdwifumuG,frIESifhywfoufírkd;av0oESifh ZvaA'ynm&Sif OD;xGef;vGifu ]]uRefawmfwkdYbufu BuKdwifumuG,frItaeeJY tapmqkH; owday;jcif;yJ jyKvkyfEkdifygw,f/ oufqkdif&ma'otmPmykdifawGuwpfqifh jynfolukd today;ygw,f}}[lí ¤if;wkdY\vkyfaqmifcsufukd azmfjyonf/

obm0ab;tEå&m,fBuKdwifcefhrSef;csufrsm;

&ckdifjynfe,fwGif jzpfay:cJhaomtqkdygobm0ab;tEÅ&m,fudk rkd;av0oESifh ZvaA'nTefMum;rIOD;pD;XmerS'kwd,nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf OD;xGef;vGifu rkefwdkif;'Da& (Storm Surge) [k qkdygonf/ ,if;uJhokdYaom rkefwkdif;'Da&jzpfay:rIonf 1967-68 ckESpfü ppfawGNrKdUESifh ausmufjzLNrKdUwkdYwGif tjyif;txefjzpfyGm;chJNyD; vlOD;a& 1500cefYtxd aoqkH;cJh&onf/ 1975ckESpfwGif ykodrfNrKdUü rkefwkdif;'Da& xyfrH jzpfyGm;cJ hNyD;aemufykdif; 1982 ckESpf *GNrKdUü jzpfay:cJhaom rkefwkdif;'Da&rSpí rkd;av0oESifhZvaA'nTefMum;rI OD;pD;XmerS BuKdwifcefYrSef;ay;EkdifcJhonf[k OD;xGef;vGif uajymjyonf/ xkdYtwl 1992ckESpfwGif armifawmü jzpfay:cJhaom rkefwkdif;'Da&udkvnf;aumif;?,ckESpf arv 19 &ufwGif jzpfyGm;cJh

aom ppfawGESifh ausmufjzLMum; rkefwkdif;ukdvnf;aumif; BuKdwifwGufcsuf cefYrSef;EkdifcJhaMumif; ¤if;u qkdygonf/

rkefwkdif;jzpfay:vmrnfh tajctaeudk BuKdwifcefYrSef;&mwGif trsm;qkH; ig;&ufcefYom BuKdwifod&SdEkdifaMumif; OD;xGef;vGifu ajymMum;onf/okdYtwGuf rkefwkdif;owif; today;aMunmcsufonf vltrsm; tcsdefrDod&SdumuG,fEkdif&eftwGuf tvGefjref qefysHUESHY&ef vkdtyfrnf jzpfonf/ rkefwkdif;BuKdwifcefYrSef;&mwGif rkefwkdif;jzpfay:&ef oaE¨wnfaom ae&mtaetxm;udkvkdufí BuKdwifod&Sd&aom tcsdefuGmjcm;aMumif;? b*Fvm;yifv,ftus,fjyefYqkH;ae&mjzpfaom awmifbufykdif;ü A[kdjyKí jzpfay:aom rkefwkdif;tm; okH;&ufrS ig;&ufMum; BuKdwifcefYrSef;EkdifNyD; yifv,fajrmufykdif;urf;½kd;wef;teD;üjzpfaom rkefwkdif;udkrlem&Dydkif;rS trsm;qkH;wpf&ufom BuKdwifcefYrSef;EkdifaMumif; rkd;av0oESifh ZvaA'nTefMum;rIOD;pD;XmerS ynm&SifwpfOD;jzpfol OD;xGef;vGifu &Sif;jyygonf/

½kd;½kd;jrpfa&BuD;rI jzpfpOfukd ESpfywfcefY BuKdwifod&SdEkdifNyD; vQyfwjyufa&BuD;rIjzpfaom awmifusa& ½kwfw&ufpD;qif;rIukdrl BuKdwifrcefYrSef;Ekdif[k,if;yk*¾Kdvfu qkdygonf/ ivsifvIyfonfhtcsdefumvukdrl wpfurÇmvkH;rnfonfhEkdifiHwGifrS BuKdwifcefYrSef;Ekdifjcif;r&Sdao;[k ¤if;u ajymjyonf/

tcsdefrD owif;xkwfjyef&ef ta&;BuD;BuKdwifcefYrSef;xm;aom obm0

ab;tEÅ&m,fESifhywfoufaom owif;rsm;ukd oufqkdif&ma'otvkduf jynfol okdYtcsdefrD owday;aMunmEkdifa&;rSmta&;BuD;aomvkyfief;pOfwpf&yf jzpfonf/ EkdifiHwumwGif rkd;av0oESifhywfoufaom ta&;BuD;onfh owif;tcsuftvufrsm;udk acwfrDqufoG,fa&; rD'D,mrsm;tokH;csí xdxda&mufa&muf vkyfudkifvsuf&Sdayonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHtaeESifhvnf; jrefrmhtoHa&'D,kdtpDtpOfrSaeívnf;aumif;? jrefrmh½kyfjrifoHMum; (MRTV) ESifh jr0wD½kyfjrifoHMum; (MWD) wkdYrS owfrSwftcsdefrsm;twGif;wGifvnf;aumif;?NrKdUawmf FM toHvTifhXmerSvnf;

aumif;?yk*¾vduowif;*sme,f tcsKdUrSvnf;aumif;? tpkd;&xkwf t"du

owif;pm okH;apmifteufrSwpfapmifjzpfaom The New

Light of Myanmar wGifvnf;aumif; rkd;av0otajctaeESifh BuKdwifcefYrSef;csufrsm;ukd xkwfjyefay;aeonfukd awGU&onf/

jrefrmbmomjzifh xkwfa0aeaomtjynfhtpkHowif;pm

ESpfapmifwGifrl xnfhoGif;azmfjyjcif;r&Sdawmhonfukd awGU&onf/

,if;udpöESifhywfoufí rkd;av


0oESifh ZvaA'nTefMum;rI OD;pD;XmeokdY ar;jref;&mwGif... ]]uRefawmfwkdYtaeeJYuawmh jrefrmhowif;pOfukd t*Fvdyfvkd a&m?jrefrmvkdyg rkd;av0otajctaeeJYBuKdwifcefYrSef;csuf 26 apmifudk aeYpOfvlvTwfNyD; ay;ykdYaeygw,f}} [lí ajymMum;onf/

rkd;av0oowif;ESifh ywfoufíta&;wBuD; xkwfjyeftoday;&ef vkdtyfaom tcsuftvufrsm;udk jrefrmhtoHrStcsdefrD tBudrfBudrf vTifhxkwfay;aMumif;?,cktcg tjcm;yk*¾vdu ykHESdyfrD'D,mrsm;rSvnf; xkwfjyefay;vmMuaMumif;?rnfokdYyifjzpfap vlxktwGuf ta&;ygvSaom rdk;av0oowif;tcsuftvufrsm;ukd ,ckxuf us,fus,fjyefYjyefYxkwfjyeftoday;&ef vkdtyfaMumif;OD;xGef;vGifu qkdonf/ a'otvkdufod&Sd&ef vkdtyfaom owif;tcsuftvufrsm;ukdvnf; oufqkdif&m a'otmPmykdifrsm;xHokdY tcsdefrD owif;ay;ykdYaMumif;? okdYaomf qufoG,fa&;tcuftcJaMumifh tcsKdUa'orsm;okdYtcsdefrD owif;ray;ykdYEkdifonfvnf;&SdaMumif;? txda&mufqkH;rSm a&'D,dkjzpfaMumif;? ½kyfoHrD'D,mrS xkwfvTifh&mwGiftusKd;&Sdaomfvnf; rkd;av0o owif;xkwfjyef&ef vkdtyfaomtcsdef 2 rdepfrS3 rdepfcGJcefY tcsdefykdif;tm; wpfcgwpf&Htjynfht0r&Ekdifojzifhvnf;aumif;?jzwfawmufjyifqif&mwGif BuKdwifcefYrSef;csufrsm; ryg0ifEkdifawmhojzifhvnf;aumif; tusKd;&Sdoifhoavmufr&SdEkdifawmhaMumif; rkd;av0oESifh ZvaA'nTefMum;rIOD;pD;Xmeu ajymMum;onf/

]]owif;tcsuftvufawG? BuKdwifcefYrSef;csufawG &&SdEdkifzkdY ywf0ef;usif ajcmufEkdifiHu owif;awG ,l&ygw,f/ NyD;awmh jynfwGif;rSmxm;&SdwJh

rkd;av0opcef; 80 u owif;awG,l&ygw,f/ 'Dvkdowif;tcsuftvufawG&zkdY wpfESpfwpfESpf ukefusaiGutar&duefa':vmoef;cs Dygw,f/'gaMumifh 'Dowif;tcsuftvufawGukd xdxda&mufa&muf tokH;cszkdY vkdygw,f/ wefzkd;xm;zkdY vkdtyfygw,f}} [krk d;av0o owif;tcsuftvufrsm;\ tzkd;wefykHudk OD;xGef;vGifu zGifh[onf/

¤if;uyif qufvufí rkd;av0oESifh ZvaA'nTefMum;rIOD;pD;XmetaeESifhivsifvIyfjcif;ESifhywfoufívnf;aumif;?jrpfa&BuD;rIESifhywfoufívnf;aumif;?avrkefwkdif;ESifhywfoufívnf;aumif;?rkd;enf;yg;rIESifhywfoufívnf;aumif;cefYrSef;wGufcsufí xkwfjyefay;aeaMumif; qdyfurf;rsm;wGif owday;Signal rsm;jzifh today;jcif;? avqdyfrsm;wGif wpfem&DwpfBudrf ykHrSeftm;jzifhvnf;aumif;? av,mOfc&D;pOfrsm;tvkdufvnf;aumif; rkd;av0o cefYrSef;csufrsm;ukd xkwfjyefay;jcif;wkdYukdaqmif&Gufvsuf&SdaMumif; jznfhpGufajymMum;onf/

jynfolokdh ynmay;&efvkdvlwkdY\ aeYpOfb0ü ta&;yg

aom rkd;av0oowif;tcsuftvufrsm;ukd jynfolrsm;taeESifh wefzkd;xm;wwfap&efESifh tokH;cs&aumif;rSef;od&Sdap&ef vlxkynmay;vkyfief;rsm;ukdvnf; aqmif&Guf&ef vkdtyfvmNyD;oufqkdif&mtzGJUtpnf;rsm; rD'D,mrsm;rSvnf; yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif;jzifhrkd;av0oESifhqkdifaom todynmukdjynfolMum;okdY ysHUESHYapa&;tm; tav;ay;&rnfjzpfonf[k urÇmhrkd;av0otzGJUcsKyfu jrefrmEkdifiHqkdif&m vlxkowif;xkwfjyefa&; wm0ef&Sdyk*¾Kdvfjzpfol

OD;xGef;vGifu qkdygonf/ rkd;av0oowif;tcsuftvufrsm; rnfrQ xda&mufrI&Sd? r&Sd[lonfrSm oufqdkif&ma'orS vltrsm; &mckdifEIef; rnfrQodoenf;? rnfrQ,HkMunfMuoenf;? ,HkMunfMuonfhtwkdif; rnfonfhtwkdif;twmtxd BuKdwifumuG,foenf;[laom ar;cGef;rsm;jzifh tajz&Sm&rnfjzpfonf/

owif;tcsuftvufxda&mufrIESifhywfoufí OD;xGef;vGifu ]]*syefvkdEkdifiHrSmawmif Warning wpfckxkwf&if80 &mckdifEIef;avmufyJ odw,f/ tJ'Dowday;csufukd wu,f,kHMunfwJholu40 &mckdifEIef;yJ&SdNyD;awmh wu,fjzpf&if20 &mckdifEIef;avmufyJ BuKdwifumuG,fEdkifw,fvkdY olwkdYqDu ppfwrf;awGrSmawGU&r,f/ b,fvkdyJjzpfjzpf tcsdefrDtoday;zkdYuawmh vkdtyfygw,f/ tJ'DtwGuf qufoG,fa&;ud&d,mawGukdtqifhjr§ifhvkyfzkdY vkdaeygNyD/ NyD;awmhuRefawmfwkdYtaeeJY bmom&yfqkdif&mpum;vkH;awGukd vlxkem;vnfatmifajym&ygw,f/ pifwDrDwmeJY wkdif;w,f/jynfoludk ajymwJhtcg vufreJY ajym&ygw,f/ End User uvnf; jynfolyJ/uRefawmfwkdY&JU t"duvkyfief;uvnf;Public Safety yJ/ NyD;awmh owif;tcsuftvufqkdwm ta&;BuD;ygw,f/jyifcsifwkdif; jyifvkdY r&bl;/ jywfawmufcsifwkdif; jywfawmufvkd Y r&bl;/uRefawmfwkdYu rkefwkdif;r&Sd&ifawmifrkefwkdif;r&Sdbl;vkdY owif;xkwfjyef&w,f/jynfolukd tNrJowday;zkdYvkdw,f/ vkdtyfwJhowif;tcsuftvufawGjywfawmuf&if jynfolyJ epfemEkdifygw,f}} [lía0zefajymMum;oGm;ygonf/

uH&SifuH&SifuH&SifuH&SifuH&Sif


a&S;a[mif;ypönf;aps;uGufZifZifaomf

tcsdefumvMumjrifhrI twkdif;twmESifh &Sm;yg;rI*kPftay:rlwnfí owfrSwftcsdefumvMumjrifhrI twkdif;twmESifh &Sm;yg;rI*kPftay:rlwnfí owfrSwftcsdefumvMumjrifhrI twkdif;twmESifh &Sm;yg;rI*kPftay:rlwnfí owfrSwftcsdefumvMumjrifhrI twkdif;twmESifh &Sm;yg;rI*kPftay:rlwnfí owfrSwftcsdefumvMumjrifhrI twkdif;twmESifh &Sm;yg;rI*kPftay:rlwnfí owfrSwfcH&aom a&S;a[mif;ypönf;wkdYonf ta&twGuf tuefYtowf&Sdav&m ,if;ypönf;cH&aom a&S;a[mif;ypönf;wkdYonf ta&twGuf tuefYtowf&Sdav&m ,if;ypönf;cH&aom a&S;a[mif;ypönf;wkdYonf ta&twGuf tuefYtowf&Sdav&m ,if;ypönf;cH&aom a&S;a[mif;ypönf;wkdYonf ta&twGuf tuefYtowf&Sdav&m ,if;ypönf;cH&aom a&S;a[mif;ypönf;wkdYonf ta&twGuf tuefYtowf&Sdav&m ,if;ypönf;wkdY trsm;tjym; jrifawGUae&aom ta&mif;t0,faps;uGuftm; ]]a&S;a[mif;wkdY trsm;tjym; jrifawGUae&aom ta&mif;t0,faps;uGuftm; ]]a&S;a[mif;wkdY trsm;tjym; jrifawGUae&aom ta&mif;t0,faps;uGuftm; ]]a&S;a[mif;wkdY trsm;tjym; jrifawGUae&aom ta&mif;t0,faps;uGuftm; ]]a&S;a[mif;wkdY trsm;tjym; jrifawGUae&aom ta&mif;t0,faps;uGuftm; ]]a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm; a&mif;csjcif;qkdonfxuf ypönf;rsm; a&mif;csjcif;qkdonfxuf ypönf;rsm; a&mif;csjcif;qkdonfxuf ypönf;rsm; a&mif;csjcif;qkdonfxuf ypönf;rsm; a&mif;csjcif;qkdonfxuf Installation udk a&mif;csjcif;[k ajym&rnf}}udk a&mif;csjcif;[k ajym&rnf}}udk a&mif;csjcif;[k ajym&rnf}}udk a&mif;csjcif;[k ajym&rnf}}udk a&mif;csjcif;[k ajym&rnf}}[k ,if;e,fy,fwGif;rS uRrf;usifolyk*¾KdvfwpfOD;u t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdygonf/[k ,if;e,fy,fwGif;rS uRrf;usifolyk*¾KdvfwpfOD;u t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdygonf/[k ,if;e,fy,fwGif;rS uRrf;usifolyk*¾KdvfwpfOD;u t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdygonf/[k ,if;e,fy,fwGif;rS uRrf;usifolyk*¾KdvfwpfOD;u t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdygonf/[k ,if;e,fy,fwGif;rS uRrf;usifolyk*¾KdvfwpfOD;u t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdygonf/

aps;uGuftpysKd;jcif;jrefrmEkdifiH\ a&S;a[mif;ypönf;

aps;uGufonf ypönf;ta[mif;rsm;0,fa&mif;aom jynfwGif;&Sd tdEd,EG,fzGm;rsm;rS pwifonf[k ajym&rnf jzpfonf/ ¤if;wkdY\ ao;i,faom vkyfaqmifcsufrSwpfzef ypönf;ESifh vkyfief;\oabmobm0ukd ykdrkdem;vnfvmNyD;a&S;a[mif;ypönf; pdwf0ifpm;wwfoltrsm;pkjzpfaom EkdifiHjcm;om;wkdY\tBuKdufukd em;vnfvmum qkdifrsm;zGifhvSpfa&mif;csvmjcif;jzifh pwifcJhMu

onf/ Antique (a&S;a[mif;ypönf;)qkdifrsm;ukd ,cifu a&Twd*kHbk&m; ta&SUbufrkcfwGif zGifhvSpfcJhzl;NyD; ,cktcgü a&Twd*kHbk&m; awmifbufrkcfESifh qkdifi,frsm;tm; "r®apwDvrf;ESifh tif;vsm;vrf;axmifh? AkdvfcsKyfaps;ESifh urÇmat;bk&m;vrf;ay:&Sd ukuúKdif;teD;wkdYwGif wpfpkwpfpnf;wnf; zGifhvSpfa&mif;csaeMuonfukd awGU&Sd&onf/ qkdifcef;rsm; zGifhvSpfjcif;r[kwfbJ us,fjyefYpGm a&mif;0,faeolrsm;vnf; tenf;i,f&SdNyD;&efukefNrKdUay:ü ta&mif;qkdif 20-30cefY &Sdaeonf[k aps;uGuftwGif;

us,fjyefYpGm vkyfukdifaeolwpfOD;u qkdonf/ ,cktcg [kdw,fBuD;rsm;ü a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm; wGJzufa&mif;csaomtrSwfw& ypönf;ta&mif;qkdifrsm;tjyifAntique qkdif oD;oefY zGifhvSpfxm;&Sdonfukdvnf; awGU&ygonf/

ypönf;trsKd;tpm;rsm;a&S;a[mif;ypönf;trsKd;tpm;rsm;

wGif vlwkdYaexkdif&m urÇmrS ypönf;tm;vkH;yg0ifonf[k qkd&avmufygonf/ EkdifiHwumü a&mif;0,faeMuaom ypönf;rsm;rSm '*Fg;jym;? em&D? ykdYpfuwf? yef;csDum;?y&dabm*ypönf;rsm;? xkdifckH? pm;yGJ?zefxnfypönf;? aMu;oGef;½kyf? bk&m;qif;wk? ausmufrsuf&wem? rD;tdrf?yef;yk½kyf? aiGxnf? ausmufwkH;? t0wftxnf? ,Gef;xnfrsm;ESifh aowåmwkdYjzpfNyD; tjcm;ypönf;trsKd;tpm;rsm;vnf;yg0ifEkdifygao;onf/

jrefrmEdkifiHwGifvnf; Oya't&wm;jrpfxm;onfh trsKd;om;a&;udk xdckdufapaom ypönf;trsKd;tpm; a&mif;0,fazmufum;rIrSvGJí ypönf;trsKd;tpm;pkHudk trsm;pk a&mif;0,faeMuonfukdawGU&onf/ a&S;a[mif;txnfrsm;ESifhywfoufírl jrefrmEkdifiHü wpfOD;pESpfOD;pcefYom vkyfudkifaeao;onf[ka&S;a[mif;ypönf;a&mif;0,frI vkyfukdifol OD;vS0if;u qkdygonf/

ypönf;trsKd;tpm;rsm;ESifh ywfoufí ]]t0wftpm;qkdwJhae&mrSm zdeyf?acgif;aqmif; tm;vkH;ygw,f/ a&S;wkef;uokH;wJh ypönf;awGxJu okH;vkdY&r,f?vSr,f? tdrfrSmxm;vkdY wifhw,fr,fqkdwm tukefvkH; Antique ygyJ}} [k ¤if;\ owfrSwfcsufukd ajymMum;onf/qdkifrsm;wGifwifí a&mif;csaomypönf;rsm;wGif xl;jcm;rItaejzifh jrefrmEkdifiH\ xif&Sm;aom pma&;q&m odef;az

jrefrmh½kd;&ma&S;a[mif;tEkynmypönf;rsm;jrefrmh½kd;&ma&S;a[mif;tEkynmypönf;rsm;jrefrmh½kd;&ma&S;a[mif;tEkynmypönf;rsm;jrefrmh½kd;&ma&S;a[mif;tEkynmypönf;rsm;jrefrmh½kd;&ma&S;a[mif;tEkynmypönf;rsm;


jrifh\ pum;vkH;ukd tokH;jyKxm;aomaMumfjimjzpfonfh ]]aq;0,f&if 'DZlZmrSmpdwfcs&w,f}} [laom aMumfjimqkdif;bkwftm; urÇmat;apwDvrf; ukuúKdif;&Sda&S;a[mif;ypönf;qkdifwpfqkdifwGifa&mif;cs&ef xm;&Sdonfukd awGU&onf/

tcsdefumvESifU vuf&ma&S;a[mif;ypönf;[kqkd&mwGif

tcsdefumvESifh vuf&mukd rlwnfíqkH;jzwfMu&m tjiif;yGm;zG,f&mrsm;&Sdaomfjim; jrefrmEkdifiH\ w&m;0ifowfrSwfxm;aom Oya't& 1886 ckESpfrwdkifrDu ypönf;rsm;onf a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm;yif jzpfonf/ ,aeYacwfonf avsmhenf;vmaom Antique rsm;tm; apmifhqkdif;&SmazGaernfhtpm;? jyefr&Ekdifaomypönf;rsm;ukd wrf;wa&mif;0,faernfhtpm; Creation (zefwD;rI)ygaom umvwGif; 0ifa&mufaecsdefjzpf&m yrmtm;jzifhqkd&ygrl vwfwavmzefwD;rnfh a&S;a[mif;ypönf;wpfcktm;vGefcJhaom ESpfwpf&mausmfu taqmufttkH NzKdzsuf&mrS &&Sdonfh opfom;jzifha&S;vuf&m 'DZkdif;twkdif; twdtuswkyxkwfvkyfygrl ,if;onf rsufjriftaetxm;t& a&S;vuf&mESifh cGJjcm;r&aom ypönf;wpfck jzpfoGm;ayvdrfhrnf/ jyKvkyfaom &nf&G,fcsufonfrl&if;ESifhwlatmif vkyfxm;jcif;jzpfaomaMumifh 1886 ckESpf rwkdifrDu ypönf;[kwfr[kwf cGJjcm;&ef cufcJaMumif;?Carbonating vkyfaomfvnf; zefwD;pOfuyif ESpf 100 ausmfu opfukd tokH;jyKxm;ojzifh tawmfyif ajym&cufaMumif; &wemykH Antique qkdif zGifhvSpfxm;ol OD;vS0if;u ajymMum;onf/

zefwD;,lrIrsm;ESifh ywfoufí]]vuf&mu ½kd;½kd;awmh cGJvkdY&wmaygh/'gayr,fh vdrfxm;wJhypönf;usawmh

awmfawmfav; cGJzkdYcufw,f/ vdrfwJhvlqkdwmuvnf; vdrfwmawmh r[kwfygbl;? twkvkyfwmaygh/ twkawGuvnf; wu,fwrf;usawmh ukefusp&dwf bmnmeJYwGuf&&if 'DaeY Antique

tppfudk 0,fwmxufawmif wpfcgwavus&if aps;ykday;&w,f? ykdukefw,f}} [k ¤if;u qkdjyefygonf/ jyKvkyfrIenf;pOfwGif tokH;jyKaomaq;?tokH;csaomrSef? a&Tcsenf;pepf? ½kyfwkxkxm;aom[eftm;vkH; ta[mif;uJhokdYjyefvnf ykHazmfxkwfaMumif;? xkdykHazmfrIwGif 'Dbufacwfü odyÜHtaxmuftulypönf; trsm;tjym;&Sdojzifh a&S;rlESifhcGJí r&atmif vkyfEdkifMuaMumif;?wpfEkdifiHvkH;wGif xkduJhokdY jyKvkyfEkdifolav;ig;a,mufcefYom&SdaMumif; Antique

rsm; jyKjyifzefwD; a&mif;csaeol OD;vS0if;u ajymMum;onf/ Antique ypönf;ppfppfESifh Antique ESifh cGJjcm;r&atmif wlnDaomypönf;rsm;onf aps;uGuftwGif;ü a&maESmpGmyif uGJjym;vsuf&Sdygonf/tar&duef&Sd Antique rsm; a&mif;csaom Broadway Shopping Mall wGif

aMu;oGef;ypönf;tm; Bronze Immitation

[lí yGifhvif;pGm trnfwyfxm;onfukd Web Site wpfcktwGif; awGU&onf/

Antique BuKdufolrsm;a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm;tm; ESpfouf

ol vlwef;pm;rSm oD;oefYjzpfaernfuawmh aocsmvSygonf/ ¤if;wkdYonf,if;ypönf;rsm;tm; 0,f,l&ef aiGaMu;okH;pGJEkdifol? pdwf0ifpm; wefzkd;xm;wwfaom ynmwwfyk*¾Kdvfjzpfolrsm;yif jzpfonf/ ,if;e,fy,fü pdwf0ifwpm;usifvnfaeol Myanmar Gallery zGifhvSpfxm;onfh OD;vS0if;url ]]txl;ojzifh ta&mifawGukd cHpm;EkdifwJholrsKd;jzpf&r,f/ Antique &JU Beauty u rsm;aomtm;jzifh NidrfwJhtvS 'gukd cHpm;EkdifwJhol jzpf&r,f? odyfNyD; Culture jzpfwJhvlrsKd;}} [k qkdygonf/

rdrd\tdrfukd cefYnm;xnf0gaom toGifoP²mefcif;usif;vkdonfholrsm;taejzifhvnf; a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm;jzifh *kPf,l0ifh<um;pGm wefqmqifxm;wwfMuayonf/ jrefrmrIvuf&myef;yk½kyfrsm;jzifh cif;usif;xm;olrsm;uJhokdYyif ta&mifrIdif;aom a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm;jzifhvnf; cefYnm;rIudk &,lwwfMuayonf/ yef;yk½kyfcsif;wlvQifyiftopfESifhta[mif; wefzkd;csif; uGmjcm;wwfonfr[kwfygvm;/

]]tzkd;wefwJh yef;yk½kyfqkdwmb,folYrSmrS r&SdwJht½kyfrsKd; jzpf&r,f/aps;uGufrSm &Smr&wJhypönf; jzpf&r,f/tJ'D &Smr&wJhypönf;u wu,fwrf;usawmh Antique yJ}} [k ½IjrifokH;oyfolwpfOD;u ajymqkdygonf/ trSefwu,ftm;jzifhqkd&vQif <u,f0csrf;omrI\jy,k*fonf Antique [kqkdEkdifaMumif;¤if;u xyfavmif;ajymqkdonf/

Dusit Inya Lake Hotel & S d

a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm; jyKjyifzefwD;aepOfa&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm; jyKjyifzefwD;aepOfa&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm; jyKjyifzefwD;aepOfa&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm; jyKjyifzefwD;aepOfa&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm; jyKjyifzefwD;aepOf


&wemykH Antique qkdifrS refae*sma':pef;jrifhu EkdifiHjcm;om; 0,f,lolrsm;ESifh ywfoufí ]]'D[kdw,fu {nfhonfwifr[kwfbl;? wjcm;uvnf;vm0,fMuw,f}} [k ajymjyonf/

tar&duefpifwmrS t*Fvdyfpmenf;jyq&mrwpfOD;jzpfol Ms.Gillian

Grants url aypm? yk&ykdufpmrsm; pdwf0ifpm;NyD; Antique qkdiftcsKdUwGif 0,f,lavh&Sdonf[k qkdonf/

a&mif;olESifU 0,folwu,fwrf; Antique wpfck\

t&nftaoG;ESifh aps;EIef;tm; owfrSwfjyqkd&eftwGuf wpfajy;nD owfrSwfí r&Ekdifyg/ 0,fol\ tBuKdufawGUrI? a&mif;ol\ a&mif;vdkrIwkdYtay:rlwnfí jzpfyGm;oGm;aom wefzkd;xm;rIESifhaps;EIef;onf a&vIdif;rsm;ozG,f tedrfhtjrifh qefygonf/ yg;pyfaps;ay:rlwnfí aps;qkdum tavQmhtwif;jyKvkyfaom qkdifrsm;&SdouJhokdY owfrSwfcsufxm;um Discount ay;onfh qkdifrsm;vnf; &Sdygonf/ topfukd 10&mckdifEIef; avQmhay;um ta[mif;ukd 30&mckdifEIef; avQmhay;aMumif;? ypönf;wefzkd; tenf;trsm;ay:rlwnfívnf;avQmhay;aMumif; a':pef;jrifhu &Sif;jyonf/ Antique rsm; 0,f,lpkaqmif;zefwD;xkwfvkyfa&mif;csol yk*¾KdvfBuD;url ,Gef;xnfqGrf;tkyfwpfckukd jyovsuf vGefcJhonfh ESpfESpfcefYu av;aomif;usyfjzifh 0,f,lcJhNyD; ,cktcga&mif;rnfqkdygu usyfwpfodef;cefYjzifha&mif;rnfjzpfaMumif; ajymqkdygonf/0,f,lolrsm;u ¤if;qkdif&Sd ypönf;ta[mif;rsm;tm; topfxnfrsm;xufykdkrkdpdwf0ifpm;aMumif;vnf; ajymMum;onf/ ¤if;\qkdifwGif&Sdaom ypönf;rsm;onf wefzkd;tm;jzifh tedrfhqkH; 10

US$ rS US$ axmifcsDí tpm;pm;&SdaMumif;ESifh ypönf;ta&twGuf wpfaxmif0ef;usifcefY &Sdonf[k qkdonf/0,f,lolrsm;u ½kyfwktrsKd;tpm;udkykdBuKdufMuonf[k qkdygonf/

]]&Sm;wJhypönf;ukd aps;ykdwifw,f/vuf&mukdvkdufNyD; uGJw,f/ b,favmufvSwJhypönf;vJ? acgif;rygwJht½kyfqkd aps;EIef;enf;oGm;r,f/ rsufESmjcpm;&if aps;ysufr,f}} [k aps;uGuftwGif;rS vufawGUa&mif;0,faeolwpfOD;u ajymqkdonf/

tajymif;tvJESifU vuf&Sdaps;uGuftajctae

jrefrmEkdifiHtwGif;&Sd a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm; a&mif;cs&rIonf EkdifiHjcm;{nfhonf0ifxGufrIESifh wkduf½kdufroufqkdifaomfvnf; pdwf0ifpm;ol EkdifiHjcm;om;rsm;\ 0,f,lrItay:awmh rlwnfwwfygonf/ wpfpkwpfpnf;wnf;&Sdaeaomqkdifi,frsm;rStcsKdUuta&mif;t0,fat;onf[k qkdMuonf/

Inya Lake Hotel rS qdkifrefae*sma':pef;jrifhu a&mif;cs&rI tajctae

ESifhywfoufíf ]]wpffaeYvkH; ra&mif;&wmvnf; &Sdw,f/ ykHaoajymvkdY r&bl;/High Season jzpfwJh atmufwkdkbmuae rwfvtxd ykda&mif;&w,f}} [kajymMum;onf/ ,if;[kdw,fü ypönf;opfukd t"duxm;í a&maESma&mif;csaom a&S;a[mif;ypönf;qkdifrsm;tygt0ifajcmufqkdifcefY zGifhvSpfxm;onfudkawGU&onf/

]]tckrS pNyD; 'Dvkdif;ukd zGifhp? 'DvkdpD;yGm;a&;rsKd; 'DvkdqkdifrsKd;awGu zGifh&aumif;rSef; podwJh tcsdefyJ &Sdao;w,f/qkdifawGawmif [kwfwdywfwd rzGifh&ao;bl;}} þonfrSm OD;vS0if;\jrefrmEkdifiH Antique aps;uGuftajctaetm; ta&SUawmiftm&SEkdifiHrsm;ESifhEIdif;,SOfokH;oyfjyrI jzpfonf/

tar&duefEkdifiH 0g&SifwefNrKdU&SdMandalay Trading wGifrl jrefrm?w½kwf? rvuúm? AD,uferfESifh wl&uDEkdifiHwkdYrS Ak'qif;wktygt0if a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm; a&mif;0,faeonf[k jrefrmaps;uGuftwGif;rS od&onf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif jynfyrS (txl;ojzifh jyifopfvlrsKd;)vma&muf zGifhvSpfxm;aomqkdifrsm;vnf; &SdaeNyDjzpfonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHü tar&duefEkdifiH&Sd Broadway uJh

a&S;a[mif;tkd;wpfvkH;a&S;a[mif;tkd;wpfvkH;a&S;a[mif;tkd;wpfvkH;a&S;a[mif;tkd;wpfvkH;a&S;a[mif;tkd;wpfvkH;


okdY Shopping Mall wpfckvkH; An-

tique rsm; a&mif;&eftwGuf zGifhvSpfxm;&efrSmrl aps;uGufjzpfxGef;vmrIESifh tjcm;tajctaet&yf&yfwkdYay:wGif rlwnfaeao;&m rsm;pGm tvSrf;a0;aeygao;onf/

t0iftxGufESifU Oya'a&S;a[mif;ypönf; 0ifxGufrI[k

qkd&mwGif e,fpyfa'orS &efukefNrKdUokdY0ifa&mufvmrIESifh jynfwGif;jynfy ul;vl;qufqHrI t0iftxGufrsm; yg0ifonf/ ]]jrefrmjynfrSmu jrefrmypönf;ukdyJ 0,fw,f/ 'gayr,fh 'Dwkdif;jynfu b,fvkd xl;qef;vJqkdawmh tdEd,eJY w½kwfMum;rSm &Sdaeawmh ,Ofaus;rIwpfckvkH;[mvnf; tdEd,eJY w½kwfuvTrf;rkd;w,f/ yef;csDqkd&if jrefrmyef;csDutdEd,[efawG vTrf;rkd;w,f? a&S;yef;csDawG jyefMunfh&if/ tJ'Dawmh 'Dt½kyfawGjyefMunfh&if bk&m;½kyfwkyJMunfhMunfh?vl½kyfwkyJMunfhMunhfh w½kwfeJY tdEd,uvTrf;rkd;aew,f/ jrefrmppfppfqkdwm'DESpfck&JU Mum;av;rSm&SdwJh ypönf;awG/tJ'Dawmh jrefrmjynfukd vmMunfh&if0,fzkdYu bm&SdvJqkdawmh a&S;uwnf;ujrefrmjynfukda&mufwJh tdE´d,ypönf;awG? a&S;ypönf;awG? w½kwfypönf;awG&Sdr,f/ 'DrSm&&if acsmifacsmif&wwfw,f}}[k jynfwGif;jynfyqufqHrIESifhywfoufí vuf&Sde,fy,ftwGif; vkyfukdifaeolwpfOD;u &Sif;jyonf/ jrefrmwkdYtm; pdwf0ifpm;vsuf jrefrmjynftaMumif; pmtkyfa&;cJhzl;onfh arm&pfaumvpfonfvnf; a&S;a[mif;w½kwftkd;rsm;tm; jrefrmjynfrSmyif pkaqmif;oGm;cJhaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/ &efukefokdY a&muf&Sdvmwwfaom jynfwGif;xGuf zefwD;rI Antique trsm;pkonftif;av;a'o a&TwD;wdefrSjzpfNyD;

vuf&mvGefpGmaumif;aMumif;? ,if;okdYaomenf;jzifh Tourism wGif tvkyfjzpfaeaMumif; ¤if;u xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/ aps;uGuftwGif;okdY rEÅav;ESifhyk*Ha'owkdYrS vma&mufykdYaqmifaomypönf;rsm;vnf; &Sdygonf/

xkdif;EkdifiHESifh tvm;wlyif jrefrmEkdifiH\ Oya'aMumif;t& Sensitive

jzpfaom ypönf;rSm bk&m;qif;wkawmfrsm;jzpfNyD; oufqkdif&mrS wif;usyfpGmwm;jrpfxm;aMumif; ,if;e,fy,fwGif;&if;ESD;uRrf;0ifolu qkdonf/ ¤if;uyifqufvufí ]]National Heritage ypönf;ukd rxdyg;&bl;}}[k qkdonf/ ypönf;wpfck zefwD;aomtcg opfom;rSpítqifhqifh zefwD;,lrIukd "mwfykH½kdufxm;aMumif;? t½Iyft&Sif;jzpfvmygujyí&&efjzpfaMumif;ESifh rdrdu topffjzpfí a&mif;aomfvnf; av,mOfuGif;wGif Custom rS cGifhrjyKonfh a&S;a[mif;ypönf;[k ,lqygu ajz&Sif;&efjzpfonf[k qkdonf/

xkdokdYaom tcuftcJrsm; ajyvnfap&eftwGuf ppfaq;olukd,fwkdifu uRrf;usifpGm cGJjcm;wwf&efvkdtyfaMumif; ukd,fawGUtcuftcJBuKHolwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

wifykdYrI? ul;vl;0,f,lrIESifh ywfoufí e,fpyf0ifaygufrsm;rS 0ifvmaomolrsm;u 0,f,lMuaMumif;?xkda'orsm;wGif aps;ykd&rnf[k ,lqaMumif;¤if;u xyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/

jyóemr[kwfawmUaom taMumif;&if;a&S;a[mif;ypönf;\ *kPfyk'fü

ESpfumvMumjrifhí vuf&maumif;rGefjcif;ESifhtwl wifhw,fvSyjcif;? &Sm;yg;jcif;wkdYjzpf&m tajrmuftjrm; xGufay:vmaeaom a&S;a[mif;ypönf;rsm;aMumifh twkESifhtppf cGJjcm;rI[laom

taMumif;&if;yifvQif jyóemr[kwfawmhouJhokdY jzpfvmavonf/ tiftm;aumif;vmaom vkyfenf;vkyf[efrsm;taejzifh ppfaq;rIenf;ynm tm;enf;jcif;ESifh tjiif;yGm;zG,f&m taMumif;tcsufrsm;aMumifh 0,f,lolrsm;\t&nftcsif;onfom ta&;BuD;ouJhokdY jzpfaeygawmhonf/

]]a[m'DrSm Munfh? wpfywfavmufMum&if yk*Hacwfuxufawmif a[mif;oGm;OD;r,f}} a&S;a[mif;ypönf;e,fy,fwGif ta&twGuf rsm;pGm vkyfukdifaeonfh yk*¾KdvfwpfOD;u ½kyfwktopfwpfcktm; nTefjyajymqkdvkdufjcif; jzpfonf/

tcsKdUypönf;rsm;rSmrl trSefwu,fa&S;usaomypönf;rsm;ukd wpfpdwfwpfykdif; jyefvnfjyifqifjcif;ESifh ta&mifwifxm;jcif;wkd YjzpfNyD; tcsKdUaoma&S;a[mif;ypönf;tppfwkdYtaejzifh rjyKjyif ra&mif;csbJ qufvufxm;&Sdyguvnf; Mum&SnfrcH tokH;jyKr&awmhaomypönf;rsm; jzpfonf/

,cktcg Antique rsm;tm;ta&miftqif;tjyif tufuGJonftxd a[mif;EGrf;aom ykHoP²mef zefwD;vsuf&SdMuonf/ rnfokdYyifjzpfapumrlaps;uGufwpfcktaejzifh trsKd;om;a&;tarGtESpfukd rxdckdufap&ef ta&;BuD;onf[kom ,lq&rnf jzpfygonf/

jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd Antique aps;uGuftwGif; tjiif;yGm;zG,f&mrsm;&Sdaomfjim;xl;jcm;pGmyif wlnDpGm awGU&Sd&onfhtcsufrSm a&S;a[mif;ypönf;a&mif;0,frIvkyfief; vkyfukdifolrsm;\ 90 &mckdifEIef;u ¤if;wkdY\ vkyfief;taMumif;ajymMum;&ef wnDwnGwfwnf; jiif;qkdMujcif;yif jzpfavonf/

ZifZifaomfZifZifaomfZifZifaomfZifZifaomfZifZifaomf


&efukef ukefpnfaps;uGufrif;nGefY (L.C)

xdkif;tcsKd&nf t0ifMurf;jynfwGif; tcsKd&nfaps;uGufokdY

ZlvkdifvcefYrSpwifí xkdif;EkdifiHxkwfCoke tcsKd&nf qufwkduf0ifa&mufcJh&m vufum;aps;uGufü wpfyguifvQif 300 usyfcefY aps;usoGm;aMumif;tcsKd&nfaps;uGufrS vkyfouf&ifhuRrf;usifolwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/

taumufcGefEIef;xm;rsm; wGufcsufykHajymif;vJjcif;? ukefoG,fvkyfief;cGefrsm;tm; Oya'ygEIef;xm;twkdif; jyefvnftaumufcGefEIef;xm;rsm; wGufcsufykHajymif;vJjcif;? ukefoG,fvkyfief;cGefrsm;tm; Oya'ygEIef;xm;twkdif; jyefvnftaumufcGefEIef;xm;rsm; wGufcsufykHajymif;vJjcif;? ukefoG,fvkyfief;cGefrsm;tm; Oya'ygEIef;xm;twkdif; jyefvnftaumufcGefEIef;xm;rsm; wGufcsufykHajymif;vJjcif;? ukefoG,fvkyfief;cGefrsm;tm; Oya'ygEIef;xm;twkdif; jyefvnftaumufcGefEIef;xm;rsm; wGufcsufykHajymif;vJjcif;? ukefoG,fvkyfief;cGefrsm;tm; Oya'ygEIef;xm;twkdif; jyefvnfaumufcHjcif;wkdY aqmif&GufrIaMumifh jynfwGif;xkwf ukefpnft&yf&yf aps;EIef;rsm;pGm jrifhwufrnf[k pm;okH;oltrsm;pkuaumufcHjcif;wkdY aqmif&GufrIaMumifh jynfwGif;xkwf ukefpnft&yf&yf aps;EIef;rsm;pGm jrifhwufrnf[k pm;okH;oltrsm;pkuaumufcHjcif;wkdY aqmif&GufrIaMumifh jynfwGif;xkwf ukefpnft&yf&yf aps;EIef;rsm;pGm jrifhwufrnf[k pm;okH;oltrsm;pkuaumufcHjcif;wkdY aqmif&GufrIaMumifh jynfwGif;xkwf ukefpnft&yf&yf aps;EIef;rsm;pGm jrifhwufrnf[k pm;okH;oltrsm;pkuaumufcHjcif;wkdY aqmif&GufrIaMumifh jynfwGif;xkwf ukefpnft&yf&yf aps;EIef;rsm;pGm jrifhwufrnf[k pm;okH;oltrsm;pkucefYrSef;wGufcsufMuonfhwkdif jynfyukefMurf;ukd tm;jyKxkwfvkyf&aom ukefypönf;tcsKdUom usyfaiGq,f*Pef;cefYrSef;wGufcsufMuonfhwkdif jynfyukefMurf;ukd tm;jyKxkwfvkyf&aom ukefypönf;tcsKdUom usyfaiGq,f*Pef;cefYrSef;wGufcsufMuonfhwkdif jynfyukefMurf;ukd tm;jyKxkwfvkyf&aom ukefypönf;tcsKdUom usyfaiGq,f*Pef;cefYrSef;wGufcsufMuonfhwkdif jynfyukefMurf;ukd tm;jyKxkwfvkyf&aom ukefypönf;tcsKdUom usyfaiGq,f*Pef;cefYrSef;wGufcsufMuonfhwkdif jynfyukefMurf;ukd tm;jyKxkwfvkyf&aom ukefypönf;tcsKdUom usyfaiGq,f*Pef;tenf;i,f rQ tajymif;tvJ&SdNyD; pm;okH;oltrsm;pk aeYpOfrjzpfrae 0,f,lae&onfh tajccHpm;okH;ukefaps;EIef;rsm;rStenf;i,f rQ tajymif;tvJ&SdNyD; pm;okH;oltrsm;pk aeYpOfrjzpfrae 0,f,lae&onfh tajccHpm;okH;ukefaps;EIef;rsm;rStenf;i,f rQ tajymif;tvJ&SdNyD; pm;okH;oltrsm;pk aeYpOfrjzpfrae 0,f,lae&onfh tajccHpm;okH;ukefaps;EIef;rsm;rStenf;i,f rQ tajymif;tvJ&SdNyD; pm;okH;oltrsm;pk aeYpOfrjzpfrae 0,f,lae&onfh tajccHpm;okH;ukefaps;EIef;rsm;rStenf;i,f rQ tajymif;tvJ&SdNyD; pm;okH;oltrsm;pk aeYpOfrjzpfrae 0,f,lae&onfh tajccHpm;okH;ukefaps;EIef;rsm;rSMo*kwfvqef;txd aps;uGuft&yf&yfrS &&Sdaomowif;rsm;t& wnfNidrfvsuf&Sdaeao;onfukd awGUjrif&onf/Mo*kwfvqef;txd aps;uGuft&yf&yfrS &&Sdaomowif;rsm;t& wnfNidrfvsuf&Sdaeao;onfukd awGUjrif&onf/Mo*kwfvqef;txd aps;uGuft&yf&yfrS &&Sdaomowif;rsm;t& wnfNidrfvsuf&Sdaeao;onfukd awGUjrif&onf/Mo*kwfvqef;txd aps;uGuft&yf&yfrS &&Sdaomowif;rsm;t& wnfNidrfvsuf&Sdaeao;onfukd awGUjrif&onf/Mo*kwfvqef;txd aps;uGuft&yf&yfrS &&Sdaomowif;rsm;t& wnfNidrfvsuf&Sdaeao;onfukd awGUjrif&onf/

aps;uGuftwGif; 0ifpu rEÅav;0,fvufrS qufwkduf t0,fvkdufcJhaomfvnf; Mo*kwfvqef;ta&mufwGifrl0,f,lrI r&Sdoavmuf enf;yg;oGm;aMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/ Mo*kwfvyxrywftwGif; anmifyifav;yvmZmvufum;'kdifrsm;rS &&Sdaom pm&if;rsm;t& Coke (xkdif;) wpfyguif 6450usyf? Coke (pifumyl) 6650 usyf?

100 Plus 7400 usy f ? Sunkist

6350 usyf? Sprite 6400 usyf ?Pokka Orange 9500 usyf? Pokka

Lychee 9600 usy faygufaps;jzpfay:vsuf &Sdonf/

jynfwGif;wGif xkwfvkyfaomtcsKd&nfrsm;teuf Solo trSwfwHqdyftcsKd&nfrSm aps;uGufESifh &if;ESD;pjyKum0,ftm; toifhtwifh &Sdaomfvnf;aps;uGufwpfckvkH; NcKHikHokH;oyfyguuseftcsKd&nftm;vkH;eD;yg;rSm ta&mif;tusqkH;tcsdef[kyif qkdEkdifaMumif;anmifyifav;yvmZmrS vufum;'kdifwpfOD;u &Sif;jyonf/ Fantasy Power

rSm aEG&moDaps; wpfyguif 1920usyf


okdY qGJwifí ta&mif;jr§ifhwifa&;tpDtpOfwpf&yf jyKvkyfvsuf&SdaMumif;aps;uGufowif;wpf&yft& od&onf/anmifyifav;yvmZmü Mo*kwfvyxrywfwGif jzpfay:aom jynfwGif;tcsKd&nfaygufaps;rsm;rSm EkdYjzifh a&mpyfxm;aomSolo vdar®mf? pawmfb,f&D? u,fvfpD,rftcsKd&nf wpfyguif 1900 usyf?tjcm; Solo Juice tcsKd&nfrsm; 1800usyf? Scorpion C-plus 4950 usyf? Ve

Ve Lipo 2120 usyf? Ve Ve refusnf;1860 usyf? Ve Ve Lychee 1225usyfwkdY jzpfonf/

ig;aowÅm aps;wufcsdefa&muf&SdHi-Q trSwfwHqdyf ig;aowåm

wpfbl;vQif vufum;aps; 350 usyf?Bwd*HtrSwfwHqdyf (bl;BuD;) 660 usyf?Bwd*HtrSwfwHqdyf (bl;ao;) 355 usyf?CC (arQmfpif) trSwfwHqddyf 450 usyf?A1 (uvpf) trSwfwHqdyf 170 usyftoD;oD; aygufaps;jzpfay:aeaomMo*kwfvyxrywf ig;aowåmaps;EIef;rsm;rSm qufvufOD;armhzG,f&SdaMumif;ig;aowåmvufum; jzefYjzL;onfhvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/taMumif;rSm jrefrmEkdifiHaps;uGufü0gwGif;umvrsm;wGif ig;aowåmaps;tjrifhqkH;okdY a&muf&SdonfrSm tpOftvmjzpfaMumif;? 0gwGif;ü om;ig;rsm;tm; tpdrf;0,f,lcsufjyKwfjcif; rjyKvkyfvkdolrsm;u 0,f,lojzifh 0,ftm;jrifhwufavh&SdaomaMumifh jzpfaMumif;¤if;u &Sif;jyonf/

EkdYqDaps;EIef;rsm;rSmrl qdyfurf;jzwfoef;0ifa&mufrI tajctaetajymif;tvJaMumifh aps;tenf;i,f tajymif;tvJ&Sdaomfvnf; ajymyavmufatmifjrifhwufonf[krqkdEkdifaMumif;? Mo*kwfvqef; vufvDaygufaps;rSm Down

vufa[mif; 455 usyf0ef;usif? Down

vufopf 425 usy f0e f ;usi faygufaps;&SdaMumif; ¤if;u &Sif;jy onf/

qyfjymta&mif;xdkif;ZlvkdifvtwGif; a&T0gqyfjym awmifh

wpfyguif 7600 usyfaps;&S dc J haomfvnf; Mo*kwfv yxrywftwGif;7400 usyfaygufaps;okdY usqif;vmonfhtjyif xyfrHusqif;rnfh tvm;tvmjzpfay:vsuf&Sd&m aps;us&onfhtaMumif;t&if;rSm 0,fvkdtm; vGefpGmusqif;vmíjzpfaMumif; qyfjymaps;uGufuRrf;usifolwpfOD;u okH;oyfonf/ ,ckESpf aEG&moD yljyif;rIaMumifhrBuKHpzl; ta&mif;wufpOfu 0,f,lokdavSmifolrsm;rSaeí aps;uGufokdYaiGazmf&efwGef;xkwfrIaMumifhvnf;qyfjymrsKd;pkH aps;usaeaMumif; ¤if;uqkdonf/ y'kr®mqyfjymrSm 7250 usyfaygufaps;&Sdonf[k ¤if;\ tqkdt&od&onf/

anmifyifav;yvmZm vufum;'kdifwpfOD;\tqkdt& qyfjymrIefYrsm;rSmurÇmha&eHaps;tajymif;tvJwGif ukefMurf;aps;wufrIudk taMumif;jyKíZlvkdifvtwGif; aps;EIef;OD;armhrI&SdcJhaomfvnf; wjznf;jznf; jyefvnfus

qif;vmaMumif;? qdyfurf;a&mufwefzkd;wGufcsufrI tajymif;tvJ&Sdaomfvnf;qyfjymrIefYaps;uGufü vufum;wpfyguif usyf 100 cefYom tjrifhokdY ajymif;vJrI&SdaMumif; ¤if;u &Sif;jyonf/pufrI(2)xkwf oufomqyfjymrIefYrSmwpfyguif 5600 usyfjzifhom tajymif;tvJr&Sd wnfNidrfvsuf&SdNyD; ukd,fwkdufumabmfvpfqyfjymawmihfrSmvnf;vufum;aps; 166 usyfwGifyif wnfNidrfaeaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/ Elan

5675 usyf? Rose 4675 usyf? Eco

4275 usyfwkdYrSm Mo*kwfvyxrywftwGif; jzpfay:aom vufum;wpfyguif aygufaps;rsm; jzpfonf/

ESrf;usí yJwufaEG&moDaESmif;ydkif;wGif xGuf&Sd

aomESrf;rsm; rEÅav;aps;uGufokd Yt0ifrsm;ojzifh &efukefaps;uGufwGifvnf; 45 ydómwpftdwfvQif 34000ausmfrS 31000 usyf 0ef;usiftxdusqif;vmaMumif; bk&ifhaemif ESrf;ukefonfwpfOD;u Mo*kwfvyxrywfüajymMum;onf/ tdEd,0,fvuf wkHYaepOf okdavSmifvsuf&Sdonfukd e,fcHrsm;u &dyfpm;rdojzifh aps;jr§ifh&ef BuKd;pm;


vm&m rwfyJ 60 ydómwpftdwfvQif5000 usyf0ef;usiftxufokdY twufjyajymif;vJaeaMumif; tqkdygukefonf uxyfavmif;ajymMum;onf/ tjcm;yJrsm; aps;EIef;ajymif;vJrI enf;yg;NyD;Mo*kwfvyxrywfwGif bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdif owif;&yfuGufrS &&Sdaompm&if;rsm;t& yJwDpdrf;okH;wif;tdwf30000 usyf? &Srf;yJykyf 32000 usyf?yJvGef;jzL 21500 usyfwkdY jzpfonf/ajryJcif;rsm; txGufEIef;tajymif;tvJaMumifh aps;uGufokdY 0ifa&mufrIenf;um ajryJqDwuf&dyfjyvsuf&SdaMumif;qDukefonfwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/wHqdyfuyfajryJqDwpfydóm 1400usyf? qkHqD 1700 usyf aygufaps;jzpfay:onf/ qDukd,fpm;vS,frsm;xHwGifaps;EIef; yk Haouyfxm;aomfvnf;vufum;aps;uGufü 1190 usyfokdYtenf;i,f jrifhwufvmaMumif; qDukefonfwpfOD;u qkdonf/

qefaps;usqJMo*kwfvyxrywfü qefwpf

wif;cGJtdwf aps;EIef;rsm;rSm ay:qef;atmufp 7600 usyf? tay:p 7600usyf? {nfhrx 4200 usyf? iuRJqef5500 usyf? ipdef 3550 usyfwkdY jzpf

onf/ aEGpyg;qufwkduf 0ifa&mufaeonfhtjyif ykdvQHqef jynfwGif;üyif&Sdaejcif;? pkdufysKd;enf;opfrsm;aMumifhqefxGuftm;aumif;aeojzifh qefaps;qufwkdufusqif;aejcif;jzpfaMumif;bk&ifhaemif qefukefonfwpfOD;uajymMum;onf/ ay:qef;arT;uJhokdYqefrsm; odompGm aps;rusaomfvnf;jynfyrS rkefYvkyf&ef 0,f,lavh&Sdaomqefrsm;ESifh qefMurf;atmufprsm;ukdpkdufysKd;olrsm;\ 0ifaiGrSm t&if;xufenf;yg;aeMuaMumif; qefaps;uGufuRrf;usifolwpfOD;u okH;oyfonf/

MuufoGefaps; ,m,DusZlvdkifvtwGif; rkd;rsm;ojzifh

MuufoGeft0ifenf;um wpfydómvQifwpfq,fusyfcefY tjrifhokdY tajymif;tvJ&SdaMumif; bk&ifhaemifukefpnf'kdifrS ukefonfwpfOD;u Mo*kwfvyxrywfüajymMum;onf/ MuufoGefeDtBuD;wpfydóm 125 usyf? MuufoGefeDvwfwpfydóm 105 usyfESif h tao;wpfydóm 90 usyfaygufaps;&Sdonf/i½kwfpkdrSm jrefrmEkdifiHtv,fydkif;rS,cifvrsm;avmuf 0ifa&mufrIr&Sdíwpfydóm 50 usyfcefY aps;EIef;tajymif;tvJ&SdNyD; Mo*kwfvyxrywf

aygufaps; 350 usyf? 360 usyf0ef;usif&Sdonf/ qufwkdufusqif;cJhaom MuufoGefjzLrSmvnf; wpfydómusyf 30 0ef;usif aps;jrifhae&m &Srf;MuufoGefwpfydóm 430 usyf? MuLukwfMuufoGefjzL 570 usyf aygufaps;&SdaMumif; bk&ifhaemifowif;rsm;t&od&onf/

ed*kH;jrefrmaiGaMu;\wefzkd;rSm odom

aomtajymif;tvJr&SdonfhtwGuftdrfeD;csif;EkdifiHrS ukefpnfrsm; jynfwGif;aps;uGufokdY 0ifa&mufa&mif;csvmaomfvnf; 0,fvkdtm; wnfNidrfaeojzifhtqufrjywf 0ifa&muf&ef vG,fulaMumif; pD;yGm;a&;uRrf;usifolwpfOD;uokH;oyfonf/ jynfwGif;aps;uGufüodomonfh tajymif;tvJrSm &moDay:oD;ESHrsm;taejzifh ykdvQHonfhwkdif jynfyokdY wifykdYcGifhtm;romrIaMumifh &efukefaps;uGufokdYom t&Sdeft[kefjzifh wkd;0ifMu&ygonf/ ajrmufykdif;a'oxGufukefpnfrsm; &efukefaps;uGufta&mufaps;EIef;ESifh pkdufysKd;olrsm;\ tusKd;cHpm;cGifhrSm o,f,lykdYaqmifa&;wGifaiGaMu;wkd;jr§ifhokH;pGJvm&rIaMumifh rsm;pGmuGmjcm;vsuf& S da Mumif; o,f,lykdYaqmifa&;vkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u qkdonf/Oyrmtm;jzif h &Sr f;jynfe,fxGufemewfoD;wpfvkH;\ &efukefa&mif;aps;650 usyfü pkdufysKd;ol&&Sdonfh aps;EIef;rSm tpGef;xGuf q,f*Pef;omjzpfaMumif;? aiGaMu;&,lí o,f,lonfhvkyfief;rsm;rSmvnf; o,f,lp&dwf\80 &mckdifEIef;cefYudk a'ot&yf&yf&SdwHwm;rsm; jzwfoef;&mü okH;pGJ&aMumif;tqkdygvkyfief;&Sifu &Sif;jyonf/

rif;nGefYrif;nGefYrif;nGefYrif;nGefYrif;nGefY(L.C)


trSwf 111 2004 ckESpf? pufwifbmv

xkdif0rfu jrefrmpm;aomufqkdifxdkif0rfokdY a&muf&Sdaeaom jrefrmvlrsKd;rsm;eJY acwå

a&muf&Sdvmaom oabFmom;rsm;twGuf &nf&G,fzGifhvSpfw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/ jrefrmEkdifiHrS wifoGif;wJh pm;aomufukefypönf;rsm;? aq;rsKd;pkH? r*¾Zif;? *sme,f? DVD? VCD ?CD ? Vedio Tape acGrsm;eJY xkdif;EkdifiHrS ukefypönf;rsm;ukda&mif;csay;aewmjzpfw,fvkdY od&ygw,f/

vdyfpm-tarhtdrf (a':wifwif0if;) pm;aomufqkdif

TAIWAN, KAOSHIUNG

N0-71, Chi Hsen 3rd Road

Yang Chen Chwee Kaohsiung

qkdif-07-521-1232? 07-533-4889tdrf-07-531-5315? 09-33604873zufpf-07-531-0825

uGefysLwm0,fr,fqkd&ifuGefysLwm0,f,lwyfqif tokH;jyKvkdolrsm;twGuf

&efukefNrKdU qdyfurf;omvrf;xJu uGefysLwmeJY qufpyfypönf;trsKd;rsKd;ukd wpfae&mwnf;rSm tpkHtvif0,f,l&&SdEkdifwJh qkdifwpfqkdifukd vrf;nTefvkdufygw,f/ CPU, VGA

Card, Printer, LCD Monitor, Memory, Hard Disk Drive,

USB Drive, Note Book, Motherboard, CD-ROM, DVD

Drive trsKd;rsKd;? Digital Camera eJY Memory rsm;omruuGefysLwmqufpyfypönf;trsKd;rsKd;ukdyg 0,f,l&&SdEkdifw,fvkdYqkdygw,f/

vdyfpm - F@X Computer Wholesale & Rteail

trSwf-208? qdyfurf;omvrf;?ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

zkef;-380988E-mail:[email protected]

pmMunfUwkdufrsm;q Central Buddhist Library

awZed,m&mrausmif;? urÇmat;bk&m;vrf;?ukuúKdif;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q Young Man Christian Association

(Y.M.C.A)

trSwf-263? r[mAE¨Kvvrf;ESifh odrfjzLvrf;axmifh? (10) &yfuGuf? AkdvfwaxmifNrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-294109? 294128

q Imex Library

trSwf-365^367? 'kwd,xyf? AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;vrf;? yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-242758? 243074

q Jetro Library

trSwf-04^02? Sedona Hotel Business Suites,

&efuif;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-544051-4? zufpf-544048?E-mail:[email protected]

q Dr. Chit Maung Library

trSwf-298? 1 vrf;(ajrmuf)? ta&SUBuKdUukef;?tif;pdefNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-641613? 641934

q Ice Youth Library

trSwf-124^126? yef;qkd;wef;vrf;(tv,f)?ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/E-mail:[email protected]

Web Site:www.iceyouth.com


ig;aMu;tkd;aMu;tkd;BuKdufESpfoufolrsm;twGuf t&omxl;jcm;qef;opfwJh ig;aMu;

tkd; &&SdEkdifr,fh rEÅav;u qkdifwpfqkdif jzpfygw,f/ ig;tlacsmif;? ig;csKdrkdif;eJY0kdifrsKd;pkH&&SdEkdifw,fvkdYvnf; qkdygw,f/vdyfpm - eef;a&T0g62 vrf;? 19_20 vrf;Mum;? eef;a&SU? rEÅav;/ zkef;-02-61368

ukd&D;,m;a&muf jrefrmrsm;twGufawmifukd&D;,m;EkdifiHrSm a&muf&SdaeMuwJh jrefrmvlrsKd;rsm;twGuf tqifajy

apEkdifr,fh qkdiftcsKdUukd azmfjyay;vkdufygw,f/ tJ'Dqkdifrsm;rSm jrefrmh½kd;&mpm; aomufzG,f&mrsKd;pkH? jrefrm-xkdif; toifhpm; tpm;tpm? MP3 oDcsif;wdyfacG?CD?VCD um&mtkdauacGrsm;? r*¾Zif;? *sme,f? okw &opmtkyftrsKd;rsKd;? uGefysLwmpmtkyfrsm;? jrefrmvufrIynm vufaqmifypönf;rsm;eJY *syefuDrkdEkd? ukd&D;,m;pdefrkduf u,f pwJh t0wftxnf tqifqef;rsm;ukd a&mif;csay;aew,fvkdYqkdygw,f/ wpfqkdifeJYwpfqkdif 0,f,lEkdifr,fhypönf;rsm;uawmh uGJjym;Ekdifygw,f/tcsKdUqkdif uawmh jrefrmEkdifiHu vufaqmifypönf;rsm;ukd ukd&D;,m;EkdifiHokdYyk d Yaqmifay;jcif;? ukd&D;,m;Ek difiHrS ypönf;trsK d;rsK d;uk d jrefrmEk difiHok d YykdYaqmifay;jcif;wkdYukdvnf; 0efaqmifrIay;wm awGU&ygw,f/qufoG,f&efvdyfpm-q pum;0gqkdif(awmifukd&D;,m;EkdifiH)pum;0gqkdif(awmifukd&D;,m;EkdifiH)pum;0gqkdif(awmifukd&D;,m;EkdifiH)pum;0gqkdif(awmifukd&D;,m;EkdifiH)pum;0gqkdif(awmifukd&D;,m;EkdifiH)

- INCHON SHI BUPYONG GU

BUPYONG 1 DONG (403-011)

534-69

- NEAR BUPYOUNG SUBWAY STATION

zkef;-032-525 2376? 017-287 3087 zufpf-032-526 3077- trSwf-238^C? ta&SUjrif;NyKdifuGif;vrf;? rmefatmif&yfuGuf? wmarGNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q qkHqnf;&m jrefrmpwkd; (ukd&D;,m;)qkHqnf;&m jrefrmpwkd; (ukd&D;,m;)qkHqnf;&m jrefrmpwkd; (ukd&D;,m;)qkHqnf;&m jrefrmpwkd; (ukd&D;,m;)qkHqnf;&m jrefrmpwkd; (ukd&D;,m;)546-125, Pupyoung 1 dong

Pupyoung Gu, Incheon Korea (403-859)

zkef;-032-507 3236? zufpf-032-515 3236H.P-16-707-3236 016-9454-3236

q tarhtdrf pm;aomufqkdifESifh jrefrmpwkd;tarhtdrf pm;aomufqkdifESifh jrefrmpwkd;tarhtdrf pm;aomufqkdifESifh jrefrmpwkd;tarhtdrf pm;aomufqkdifESifh jrefrmpwkd;tarhtdrf pm;aomufqkdifESifh jrefrmpwkd;N0-185-70, Rm-301? Bu Pyeong-1 Dong?Pu Pyeong Ku, Incheon City

zkef;-032-521-2290? zufpf-032-521-2291H.P-011-9086-2290

jrefrmU½Icif;ykHrsm;wpfpkwpfpnf;wnf;

&EkdifwJUae&mjrefrmEkdifiHtwGif;&Sd apwDykxkd;ykH

rsm;? awmawmifobm0½Icif;ykHrsm;?wkdif;&if;om;vlrsKd;rsm;\ ½kd;&myGJawmfrsm;\ykHrsm; wpfpkwpfpnf;wnf; 0,f,lEkdifr,fh "mwfykH0efaqmifrIvkyfief;wpfckukd azmfjyay;vkdygw,f/ pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;&JU aMumfjimjyu©'defrsm;eJY Xmeqkdif&mrsm;twGuf jyu©'defrsKd;pkHukdvnf; aqmif&Gufay;aew,fvkdY qkdygw,f/ oD;oefYvkyfief;tyfESHvkdolrsm;twGufvnf; tcsdefra&G; vkdufvH½kduful;ay;aeaMumif;vnf; od&ygw,f/

vdyfpm - anmifOD;zkd;csKdtrSwf-21? taomuvrf;?

ausmufajrmif;? wmarGNrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-545323

� � � eJh

� � � acG

tpkHtvif &EkdifwJUae&mazsmfajza&;u@twGif;rSm us,f

us,fjyefYjyefY ae&m,lvmwJh DVD

eJY VCD acG pkHpkHvifvif 0,f,lEkdifr,fhae&mwpfck jzpfygw,f/ oDcsif;eJY½kyf&SifZmwfvrf;rsm;tjyif c&pf,mefbmom0ifrsm;twGuf "r®aw;acGrsm;?½kyf&Sifaw;oDcsif;acGrsm;vnf; &&SdEkdifw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/

vdyfpm - plygpwm;AD'D,dktrSwf-380? r[mAE¨Kvvrf;?

37 vrf;axmifh?ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/


tm;upm;ypönf;rsKd;pkH &EkdifwJUae&mrdrdukd,fwkdiftokH;jyK&eftwGufyJjzpfjzpf? toif;tzGJUrsm;twGuf tokH;vkd

vkdYyJjzpfjzpf tm;upm;ypönf; tpkHtvifudk wpfae&mwnf;rSm vufvD vufum;a&mif;cswJhqkdifwpfqkdifukd vrf;nTefvkdufygw,f/ a&mif;cswJhypönf;awG&JU aps;EIef;rsm;uvnf; oifhwifhw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/vdyfpm-T-No Sport Centre

- trSwf-379? AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;vrf;? yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-253580- trSwf-A-10? 'kwd,xyf? ,kZeyvmZm? Anm;'vvrf;? r*FvmawmifnGefYNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-200747 (vdkif;cGJ-3232)

eD,GefrD;acsmif;rsm;eJY tokH;jyKNyD;rdrdwkdY&JU vkyfief;awGukd aMumfjimcsif&ifyJjzpfjzpf? qkdif;bkwftjzpf tokH;jyKvkd&ifyJjzpfjzpf aqmif&Gufay;aewJhvkyfief;wpfckukd nTefjyvkdygw,f/eD,GefrD;acsmif;rsm;rSm wpfayvQif3500 usyf0ef;usif&SdNyD; t0g? tpdrf;?tjymEk? tpdrf;EkESifh teD pwJhta&mif

awG &&S dE k di fw,fvk d Y qk dygw,f/vQy fpp f r D ;tjyi f 12V

bufx&De J Yvnf; wG JzuftokH;jyKEkdifaMumif; od&ygw,f/

vdyfpm-trSwf-204? qdyfurf;omvrf;?ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-284793

eD,Gefqkdif;bkwfeJh aMumfjimrvm; tdrfaqmufypönf;0,f,lvkdvQif

&efukefNrKdUwGif;rSm tdrfaqmufypönf;0,f,lvkdolrsm;twGuf tdrfaqmufypönf;trsKd;rsKd; 0,f,l&&SdEkdifwJhqkdifwpfqkdifukd vrf;nTefvkdufygw,f/tdrfaqmufypönf;trsKd;rsK d;omruuGefu&pfypönf;trsKd;rsKd;? vrf;cif;a&mifpkHuGefu&pfbavmufwkH;trsKd;rsKd;eJY ausmufyef;'DZkdif;trsKd;rsKd;wkdYukdyg0,f,l&&SdEkdifygw,f/ &efukefNrKdUtwGif;rSm,lygu tdrfwkdif&ma&muf ykdYaqmifay;vsuf&Sdw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/

vdyfpm-at;pE´m(rdom;pk)tdrfaqmufypönf;a&mif;0,fa&;trSwf-198^199? oHokrmvrf;?14^3 &yfuGuf? jrifom?awmifOuúvmyNrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-566424


em&DrsKd;pkH a&mif;wJUqkdifpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;? Xmeqkdif&m½kH;cef;rsm;? ukrÜPDrsm;eJY rdrdwkdYaetdrfrsm;

rSm r&SdrjzpfvkdtyfwJhypönf;awGxJ em&D[mvnf; tygt0ifjzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifhem&DtrsKd;rsKd;&EdkifwJh qkdifwpfqkdifukd nTefjyvkdufygw,f/ pm;yGJwif? wkdifuyf?c&D;aqmif? tdwfaqmif? EId;puf? tcsdefrSwf pwJh em&DrsKd;pkH a&mif;csay;aewmawGU&ygw,f/

vdyfpm-qef;,Of em&Dpwkd;- trSwf-B-6? yxrxyf? ,kZeyvmZm? Anm;'vvrf;? r*FvmawmifnGefYNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-200747(vkdif;cGJ-2255)- trSwf-G-16? ajrnDxyf? &Sef[kdif;ukefwkduf? odrfBuD;aps; D ½kH? vomNrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-242755 (vkdif;cGJ-2030)

Graphic Design

oifwef;uGefysLwmtokH;jyKNyD; Graphic

Design zefwD;vkdolrsm;twGuf oifhavsmfr,fh oifwef;wpfckukd vrf;nTefvkdygw,f/ uRrf;usifynm&Sifrsm;eJYyl;aygif;NyD; wwfajrmufonftxd

oifMum;ay;aew,fvkdYvnf; qkdygw,f/

vdyfpm-Graphic Design

(Skills Training Centre)

trSwf-118^120? yxrxyf?r[mAEKvyef;NcHvrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-371316?09-5009633? 09-8034117

� � � � � � � � � yGJawmf

wufa&mufzl;olrsm;qufoG,f&ef

*syefEkdifiH Ishikawa c½kdif Kana-

zawa NrKdUrSmESpfpOfusif;ywJh Japan Tent

yGJawmfukd wufa&mufzl;wJh jrefrmynmoifausmif;om;rsm; qufoG,fEkdifapr,fh vdyfpmukd azmfjyay;vkdufygw,f/'DyGJawmfukd *syefEkdifiHrSm ynmoifMum;aeMuwJh urÇmht&yf&yfrS ynmoifausmif;om;awGeJY a'ocH *syefvlrsKd;rsm;tMum cspfMunf&if;ESD;rI wnfaqmufEkdifap&ef &nf&G,fusif;yjcif;jzpfw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/qufoG,f&ef-NPO Japan Tent Network

trSwf-365^367? 'kwd,xyf?AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;vrf;? yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-243074? 242758E-mail:[email protected]


rEåav;u uwÅm;jyifqkdifrEÅav;NrKdUu uwåm;jyKjyifa&mif;0,faewJhqkdif jzpfygw,f/ w½kwfEkdifiHvkyf

uwåm;? jynfwGif;jzpfuwåm;rsm;tjyif aygifcsdefpuftrsKd;rsKd;? tav;eJY tykdypönf;awGukdvnf; vufvDvufum; a&mif;csay;aewm awGU&ygw,f/vdyfpm-jynfhpkH uwåm;jyKjyifa&mif;0,fa&;- trSwf-153? 74 vrf;? 29_30 vrf;Mum;? rEÅav;/zkef;-02-64415? 09-2003822? 09-2005315- trSwf-99^100? 31 vrf;? 85_86 vrf;Mum;? ousoD[bk&m;awmifbuf?rEÅav;/ zkef;-02-31315? 09-2005315

txuftnmtwGuf vrf;nTefpmtkyfjrefrmjynftxufykdif;a'orsm;&JU ukefoG,fzufNrKdUrsm;twGuf pD;yGm;a&;vrf;

nTefjzpfwJh rEÅav;pD;yGm;a&;vrf;nTef 2004-2005 pmtkyf jzpfygw,f/'Dpmtkyf rSm rEÅav;? rkH&Gm? yckuúL? a&pBuKd? a&Tbkd? rauG;? rif;bl; pwJha'orsm;& J U p D ;y G m ;a&;vky fie f ;trs K d ;tpm;aygi f ; 500 ausm fe J Yvkyfief;owif;tcsuftvuf aygif; 30000 ausmf yg0ifygw,f/

qufoG,f&efvdyfpm-EUREKA CO., LTD.

- trSwf-145? 36 vrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/- tcef;(H-2)? vrf; 30 ESifh 78 vrf;axmifh? csrf;at;omZHNrKdUe,f? rEÅav;/

ChineseSeafood

rdom;pkeJY at;at;aq;aq;tyef;ajzvkdY&EkdifNyD; a[mifaumifpwkdifDim Sum eJY Chinese Seafood awG&&SdEkdifr,fh qkdifwpfqkdif jzpfygw,f/rMumao;cifurS topfzGifhvSpfxm;wmjzpfNyD; uRrf;usifwJh w½kwfpm;zkdrSL;awGu tpm;taomufawGukd pDrHay;wmjzpfw,fvkdY od&ygw,f/ um;&yf&efae&m us,f0ef;NyD; pm;p&mawGtwGuf owfrSwfxm;wJh aps;EIef;awGuvnf; oifhwifhw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/

vdyfpm-

Jade Garden

trSwf-10?0uFbmvrf;?(*syefoH½kH;teD;)?A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-554284? 543821


ql;avu em&DeJh tykdypönf;qkdif*syefEkdifiHeJY qGpfZmvefEkdifiHvkyf em&DtrsKd;rsKd; 0,f,lEkdifwJhqkdif jzpfygw,f/

em&Dtjyif tykdypönf;trsKd;rsKd;ukdvnf; vufvD vufum;a&mif;csay;aeNyD;aps;EIef;eJY ypönf;rSefuefrIudk t"duxm;w,fvkdY qkdygw,f/ qdkifcGJrsm;&JUvdyfpmeJYzkef;eHygwfrsm;ukd azmfjyay;vkdufygw,f/

qufoG,f&efvdyfpm - a&Trdwfquf (SMS)

- trSwf-31? ql;avbk&m;t0kdif; (taemufrkcf)? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-246674? 242071- trSwf-241? taemf&xmvrf;? vrf; 30 xdyf? yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/zkef;-720944? 09-80-22693- trSwf-27? ql;avbk&m;t0kdif;(taemufrkcf)? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-246674? 242071

a&cJrkefhaumif;aumif;a&cJrkefYt&omaumif;aumif;ukdrS pm;okH;vkdolrsm;twGuf tar&duefjynf

axmifpkrSm jyKvkyfNyD; xkdif;EkdifiHrS wpfqifhwifoGif;wJh a&cJrkefYwpfrsKd;ukd vrf;nTefvkdygw,f/ pawmfb,f&D? acsmuvuf? aumfzD? uGwfuD;? ruúma';rD;eD;,m;?vuf zuf pwJh teHYt&omrsm;jzifh jyKvkyfxm;NyD; wpfckukd 18ç500 usyfusoifhygw,f/

vdyfpm - Haagen-Dazs a&cJrkefY? Blazon Shopping Centre ? yxrxyf?OD;0dpm& vrf;? csif;wGif;vrf;axmifh? urm&GwfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-538347? 538348? 721349? 721350

uDrkdEkd 'DZkdif;pkHjrefrmtrsKd;orD;rsm; yGJwuf

0wfpkHtjzpf ESpfoufpGm 0wfqifavh&SdMuwJh *syef½kd;&muDrkdEkdawG tqifpkH&&SdEkdifwJhae&m jzpfygw,f/ pdwf0ifpm;vkdY oGm;a&mufMunfh½Ivkdolrsm;twGufqkdifvdyfpmukd azmfjyay;vkdufygw,f/

vdyfpm-

TOKYO QUEEN

Fashion Collection

- trSwf-133?AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;aps;ta&SUbufwef;?

yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/

- trSwf-C-12 ? 'kwd,xyf?,kZeyvmZm?

Anm;'vvrf;?r*FvmawmifnGefYNrKdUe,f?

&efukef/zkef;-09-50-11283


zkef;-224928- trSwf-279? usKduúqHvrf;? wmarGaps;teD;? wmarGNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-555917

q aAm"dr@KdifaAm"dr@KdifaAm"dr@KdifaAm"dr@KdifaAm"dr@KdiftrSwf-85? 0g;wef;vrf;? vrf;rawmfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-221909

q or®wor®wor®wor®wor®w- trSwf-118(pD)? a&wm&Snfvrf;a[mif;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-545395? 545396- trSwf-23(bD)? a&wm&Snfvrf;a[mif;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-380573- trSwf-156? a&T*kHwkdifvrf;? a&T*kHwkdifrD;yGKdifhteD;?A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-543282? 543206

q rk'dwmouFef;wkdufrk'dwmouFef;wkdufrk'dwmouFef;wkdufrk'dwmouFef;wkdufrk'dwmouFef;wkduftcef;-5? pHy,faqmif? jynfaxmifpkvrf;rBuD;?'*kHawmifajrmufvrf;qkHteD;? '*kHNrKdUopf(awmifykdif;)NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q atmifwkdif;BuHatmifwkdif;BuHatmifwkdif;BuHatmifwkdif;BuHatmifwkdif;BuHtrSwf-39? BuHcif;vrf;? prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-503103

q a&Tjynfwefa&Tjynfwefa&Tjynfwefa&Tjynfwefa&Tjynfwef- trSwf-44? Mum;awm&tkwfvrf;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/- wkduf-35? tcef;-2? a&wm&Snfvrf;a[mif;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q bk&ifhaemifbk&ifhaemifbk&ifhaemifbk&ifhaemifbk&ifhaemiftrSwf-11^13? aMu;oGef;bk&m;BuD;? A[ef;aps;a&SU?a&wm&Snfvrf;a[mif;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-543958? 09-5001903

q &mrn&mrn&mrn&mrn&mrntrSwf-10? aMu;oGef;wkdufwef;? a&wm&Snfvrf;rBuD;?A[ef;aps;a&SU? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-701760

q wefYMunfawmifwefYMunfawmifwefYMunfawmifwefYMunfawmifwefYMunfawmiftrSwf-32(E)? a&S;a[mif;okawoevrf;? 6 rkdif?jynfvrf;? vIdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-535622? 09-80-21660

q a&T[oFmarmifESHa&T[oFmarmifESHa&T[oFmarmifESHa&T[oFmarmifESHa&T[oFmarmifESHtrSwf-107? a&wm&Snfvrf;a[mif;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-548438

ouFef;qkdifrsm;tcsdeftcgt& 0gqkdouFef;uyfvSLvkdolrsm;twGuf

&efukefNrKdUawmf&Sd emrnfausmfouFef;y&du©&mta&mif;qkdiftcsKdUukd aumufEkwfazmfjyvkdufygw,f/ 0,f,lr,fh ouFef;trsKd;tpm;eJY t&nftaoG;ukdawmh aocsmppfaq;NyD;rS 0,f,loifhygw,f/

q a&Tewfom;a&Tewfom;a&Tewfom;a&Tewfom;a&Tewfom;trSwf-802? r[mAEKvvrf;? 12 vrf;xdyf? vrf;rawmfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-224714? 09-99-22594

q [kdif;rif;[kdif;rif;[kdif;rif;[kdif;rif;[kdif;rif;wkduf-14? taemf&xmvrf;? taemf&xmtdrf&m?Akdvfwaxmifaps;vrf;ESifh 56 vrf;wkdxdyf? Muufwef;?ykZGefawmifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-721522

q Mumig;ckdifMumig;ckdifMumig;ckdifMumig;ckdifMumig;ckdif- trSwf-83? txufMunfhjrifwkdifvrf;? MunfhjrifwkdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-535162- trSwf-59? txufMunfhjrifwkdifvrf;? Munfhjrifwkdifblwma&SU? MunfhjrifwkdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-524182- trSwf-75? ukefaps;wef;vrf;? yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-246817- trSwf-157? a&wm&Snfvrf;a[mif;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-543164

q 'kdYjrefrm'kdYjrefrm'kdYjrefrm'kdYjrefrm'kdYjrefrmtrSwf-65? txufykZGefawmifvrf;(aps;a&SU)? ykZGefawmifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-290451E-mail: [email protected]

q usm;ouFef; (ukefaps;wef;OD;rsKd;wifh)usm;ouFef; (ukefaps;wef;OD;rsKd;wifh)usm;ouFef; (ukefaps;wef;OD;rsKd;wifh)usm;ouFef; (ukefaps;wef;OD;rsKd;wifh)usm;ouFef; (ukefaps;wef;OD;rsKd;wifh)trSwf-149? ukefaps;wef;vrf;? yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-378197

q aZmwduaZmwduaZmwduaZmwduaZmwdu- trSwf-35(3)? a&wm&Snfvrf;a[mif;? a&Twd*kHbk&m;

ta&SUrkcfteD;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-380581- trSwf-97(at)? bkef;BuD;vrf;(tv,f)? vrf;rawmfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-212159- trSwf-61? txufMunfhjrifwkdifvrf;? MunfhjrifwkdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-536589- trSwf-6? urf;em;vrf;ESifh 15 vrf;axmifh?anmifyifav;aps;teD;? vrf;rawmfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/


q orm0gPdZÆorm0gPdZÆorm0gPdZÆorm0gPdZÆorm0gPdZÆtrSwf-48? aps;BuD;vrf;? MunfhjrifwkdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-534428

q tkdc,fptkdc,fptkdc,fptkdc,fptkdc,fp- trSwf-24? A[ef; 1 vrf;? NrKdUr&yfuGuf? A[ef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-544905? 371532- trSwf-38? ukefaps;wef;vrf;(atmuf)? yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-374375

q rif;rmCrif;rmCrif;rmCrif;rmCrif;rmCtrSwf-4? 0uFbmvrf;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-555093

q *VKH*VKH*VKH*VKH*VKHtrSwf-(49^51)? txufMunfhjrifwkdifvrf;? MunfhjrifwkdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-510960

q usm; ouFef;y&du©&mwkdufqkdifBuD;usm; ouFef;y&du©&mwkdufqkdifBuD;usm; ouFef;y&du©&mwkdufqkdifBuD;usm; ouFef;y&du©&mwkdufqkdifBuD;usm; ouFef;y&du©&mwkdufqkdifBuD;- trSwf-94? AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;vrf;? 49 vrf;xdyf?a&ausmf? ykZGefawmifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-290831? 09-80-23105- trSwf-561? ur Çmat;bk&m;vr f ; ?

urÇmat;bk&m;a&SU?r&rf;ukef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-700113? 09-80-23314- trSwf-90? txufykZGefawmifvrf;rBuD;? &efukef/zkef;-710420

q jrMumjzLjrMumjzLjrMumjzLjrMumjzLjrMumjzLtrSwf-120? Am;u&mvrf;rBuD;? &Srf;vrf;rD;yGKdifh"mwfqDqkdifa&SU? prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-525101

q u&0dwfu&0dwfu&0dwfu&0dwfu&0dwf- trSwf-65^67? txufMunfhjrifwkdifvrf;? MunfhjrifwkdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-511714E-mail: [email protected]

- trSwf-83? AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;vrf;? 49 vrf;ESifh50 vrf;Mum;? ykZGefawmifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q uH&mZmuH&mZmuH&mZmuH&mZmuH&mZm- trSwf-95? vSnf;wef;vrf;r? urm&GwfNrKdUe,f?&efukef/- [dELbk&m;ausmif;? qkdiftrSwf-15? urm&Gwfblwm½kHvrf;? vIdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-526217? 524986? 09-80-31862

q {&matmif{&matmif{&matmif{&matmif{&matmif

- trSwf-110? taqmif-2? tcef;-9? orkdif;blwm½kHvrf;? r&rf;ukef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

- trSwf-40? pD½kH? ya'omaps;BuD;? [oFmwNrKdU?zkef;-044-21272

q qifjzLawmfa&Tarmif;qifjzLawmfa&Tarmif;qifjzLawmfa&Tarmif;qifjzLawmfa&Tarmif;qifjzLawmfa&Tarmif;- trSwf-35? tcef;(4-6)? a&wm&Snfvrf;a[mif;?A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-724856- trSwf-18? A[ef;aps;rsufESmpmwef;? a&Twd*kHbk&m;ta&SUbufrkcf? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q 'kd;uav;'kd;uav;'kd;uav;'kd;uav;'kd;uav;- qkdiftrSwf-90? a&wm&Snfvrf;a[mif;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-724613

q jynfaxmifpkjynfaxmifpkjynfaxmifpkjynfaxmifpkjynfaxmifpk- trSwf-25? jrifawmfomvrf;? (7) aps;teD;? (6) &yfuGuf?

omauwNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-541280- trSwf-4^5? usKdufacgufbk&m;vrf;? em&Dpifa&SU?oefvsifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q 0if;jrefrm0if;jrefrm0if;jrefrm0if;jrefrm0if;jrefrmqkdiftrSwf-3? &efukef-tif;pdefvrf;rBuD;? om;a&puf½kHa&SU?(12) &yfuGuf? vIdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-651959? 09-5005371

uGefysLwmoifwef; wufvkdvQifvrf;rawmfNrKdUe,ftwGif;rSm uGefysLwmtajccHESifh

tqifhjrifh ICT oifwef; wufa&mufvkdolrsm;twGufrdrd ESpfouf&moifwef;ukd a&G;cs,fwufa&mufEkdifwJhoifwef; ausmif;wpfckukd vrf;nTefvkdufygw,f/ Win-

dows Office XP, D.T.P Course, Graphic Design Course

pwJh tajccHoif wef;rsm;? Network Engineering, Linux

9.0 & System Administration, Hardware & System Ad-

ministration, Web Page Design, Programming pwJhtqifhjrifhoifwef;rsm;? uav;rsm;twGuf Computer For

Kids oifwe f ;r sm; omru t*Fvdy fe J Yw½ kw fbmompum;oifwe f ;r sm;yg wufa&mufoifMum;Ekdifw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/

vdyfpm-

KING NOVA

Education Center

trSwf-7? 12 vrf;? vrf;rawmfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-212982? 224469

E-mail:[email protected]


zkef;-703049? 703051? 703053? 681629- trSwf-117? 0g;wef;vrf;? vrf;rawmfNrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-229964

q Three Seasons CentreElectronis & Computer Accessories

trSwf-170^176? Akdvfatmifausmfvrf;? M.G.W

Centre ? AkdvfwaxmifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-256577? 256578? zufpf-256577

q Qi YANGON SHISEIDO, SALON & SPA

Golden Hill Tower? urÇmat;apwDvrf;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-558556? 558576? 558558?vkdif;cGJ-1905? 1906

q aq;ya'omaq;ukcef;aq;ya'omaq;ukcef;aq;ya'omaq;ukcef;aq;ya'omaq;ukcef;aq;ya'omaq;ukcef;trSwf-69? vSnf;wef;vrf;? urm&GwfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q xGef;tat;cef;{nfh&dyfomxGef;tat;cef;{nfh&dyfomxGef;tat;cef;{nfh&dyfomxGef;tat;cef;{nfh&dyfomxGef;tat;cef;{nfh&dyfomtrSwf-69? yxrxyf? vSnf;wef;vrf;?urm&GwfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q atmifEkdifol oGm;usef;rma&;atmifEkdifol oGm;usef;rma&;atmifEkdifol oGm;usef;rma&;atmifEkdifol oGm;usef;rma&;atmifEkdifol oGm;usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrIvkyfief;apmifha&SmufrIvkyfief;apmifha&SmufrIvkyfief;apmifha&SmufrIvkyfief;apmifha&SmufrIvkyfief;trSwf-(C-79)? *E¨rm(4)vrf;? F.M.I City ?vIdifom,mNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q HI-TECH Service Centre

trSwf-3? OD;b[efvrf;? acsmfwGif;ukef;?A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q ITSUMO Beauty Saloon

apmfbGm;BuD;ukef; ta0;ajy;*dwfrSwfwkdifteD;?jynfvrf;? tif;pdefNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

vkyfief;opf ? qkdifopfq THALIA (ukd,fum,avhusihfa&;cef;r)(ukd,fum,avhusihfa&;cef;r)(ukd,fum,avhusihfa&;cef;r)(ukd,fum,avhusihfa&;cef;r)(ukd,fum,avhusihfa&;cef;r)

trSwf-45? yxrxyf? rBuD;BuD;vrf;? r[mNrKdifrSwfwkdifteD;? prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-525847

q Myanmar Apple (Digital Printing)

trSwf-5? jynfvrf;? r&rf;ukef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-667477? 662485

q TOTAL Kids School

- trSwf-336? jynfvrf;? prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/- trSwf-95? taemf&xmvrf;ESifh 52 vrf;axmifh?ykZGefawmifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-293754? 296552?526456E-mail:[email protected]

q CAMERA BABY WORLD (qkdifcGJopf)(qkdifcGJopf)(qkdifcGJopf)(qkdifcGJopf)(qkdifcGJopf)trSwf-11? bkef;BuD;vrf;? vrf;rawmfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q &JrsufrSef&JrsufrSef&JrsufrSef&JrsufrSef&JrsufrSeftrSwf-345^437? a&TbkHomvrf;(txuf)? yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q Aung Yadana Medical Centre

oD&d*kPftdrf&m? a0Z,EÅ&mvrf;rBuD;? awmifOuúvmyNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q ALPINE aomufa&oefYaomufa&oefYaomufa&oefYaomufa&oefYaomufa&oefYta&mif;ESifh 0efaqmifrIXmeta&mif;ESifh 0efaqmifrIXmeta&mif;ESifh 0efaqmifrIXmeta&mif;ESifh 0efaqmifrIXmeta&mif;ESifh 0efaqmifrIXme- trSwf-53^C? jruefomvrf;? (5)&yfuGuf?vIdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

pm;aomufqkdifopfq Jade Garden

trSwf-10? 0uFbmvrf;? (*syefoH½kH;teD;)? A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-554284? 543821

q BudwfBudwfwkd; jrefrmxrif;[if;ESifh [if;vsmrsKd;pkHBudwfBudwfwkd; jrefrmxrif;[if;ESifh [if;vsmrsKd;pkHBudwfBudwfwkd; jrefrmxrif;[if;ESifh [if;vsmrsKd;pkHBudwfBudwfwkd; jrefrmxrif;[if;ESifh [if;vsmrsKd;pkHBudwfBudwfwkd; jrefrmxrif;[if;ESifh [if;vsmrsKd;pkHtrSwf-198? r[mAE¨Kvvrf;ESifh 51 vrf;axmifh?AkdvfwaxmifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-293553

q Danny uzD;ESif h tat;uzD;ESif h tat;uzD;ESif h tat;uzD;ESif h tat;uzD;ESif h tat;trSwf-284^286? a&Twd*kHbk&m;vrf;ESifh a,mrif;BuD;vrf;axmifh? '*kHNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-721861

aq;ukEkdifwJU *s,fvDtdwfacgif;ukdufjcif;? tylavmifjcif;? tat;rdjcif;rsm;jzpf

ay:ygu a&cJaowåmxJwGif okH;rdepfcefYxnfhí tokH;jyKEkdifNyD; tqpftjrpfrsm; emusifukdufcJjcif;twGufrl a&aEG;ylxJwGif pdrfxm;NyD; ukdufcJonfhae&mrsm;wGifuyfí tokH;jyKEkdifaom MEDI-PAK trnf&Sd *s,fvDtdwf jzpfygw,f/trsKd;tpm;wpfckwnf;om&SdNyD; aps;EIef;rSm 3500 usyfcefY&Sdw,fvkdY od&ygw,f/ &efukefNrKdUay:&Sd aq;qkdifBuD;rsm;eJYa&Smhyif;pifwmBuD;awGrSm 0,f,l&&SdEkdifw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/


xrif;csKdifUykdh 0efaqmifrIvkyfief;rsm;ukd,fwkdifcsufjyKwfzkdY tcsdefray;EkdifyJjzpfjzpf? vkyfief;cGifukd xrif;csKdifh,loGm;

zkdY u&duxrcHEkdif&ifyJjzpfjzpf tqifajyapEkdifr,fh xrif;csKdifhykdY0efaqmifrI vdyfpmtcsKdUukd azmfjyay;vkdufygw,f/ a&&SnfrSm ukefusp&dwfeJY 0efaqmifrItay:tjiif;yGm;zG,f&m jyóemtcsKdU jzpfyGm;wwfwJhtwGuf pwifqufoG,fuwnf;u tao;pdwfar;jref;NyD; oabmwlnDcsuf&,lzkdY vkdygw,f/

q &efukef (xrif;csKdifhykdYaqmifa&;)&efukef (xrif;csKdifhykdYaqmifa&;)&efukef (xrif;csKdifhykdYaqmifa&;)&efukef (xrif;csKdifhykdYaqmifa&;)&efukef (xrif;csKdifhykdYaqmifa&;)- trSwf-328? okcvrf;? r&rf;ukef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-664517(wpfaeY xrif;ESpfeyfEIef;jzifh wpfvvQif vlwpfOD;twGuf 30000 usyfjzpfonf[k od&/)- trSwf-186? 31 vrf; (txuf)? yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-242259

q tarhtdrftarhtdrftarhtdrftarhtdrftarhtdrftrSwf-629? uHhaumf&dyfomvrf;? 16^4 &yfuGuf?oCFef;uRef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-571547? 578820(wpfvvQif vlwpfOD;twGuf 30000 usyfjzpf/)

q Supply

NcHtrSwf-4? ydawmuf 5 vrf;? NrKdUopf(*)&yfuGuf?tif;pdefNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-727693

q pdwfBuKdufpdwfBuKdufpdwfBuKdufpdwfBuKdufpdwfBuKdufwkduf-232? tcef;(14)? wkdufav;vkH;? 6 &yfuGuf?&ef&Sif;vrf;oG,f? &efuif;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-544215? 545075(vlwpfOD; wpfaeY xrif;ESpfeyfEIef;jzifh wpfvvQif 30000 usyf usoifhrnf[k od&/)

oufowfvGwftm;vl;axmif;

0gwGif;umvrSm oufowfvGwfpm;okH;olrsm;? ukd,ftav;csdefrwufvkdolrsm;? cEmukd,fzGHUNzKd;rI vkdtyfaomuav;oli,frsm;? tm[m&"mwfvkdtyfaom oufBuD;&G,ftkdrsm;twGuftoifhpm;okH;Ek difwJ h GOLDHILL

Mashed Potatoes tmvl;axmif;ukdvrf;nTefvkdufygw,f/ Vitamin C eJYtjcm;owåK"mwf rsm;pGmyg0ifNyD; ukdvuf

pxa&m vkH;0rygbl;vkdY qkdygw,f/axmywft&om? csd(pf)t&om? MuufoGefjzLt&omeJY tom;uift&omt&omav;rsKd;eJY xkwfvkyfxm;ygw,f/&efukefNrKdUay:u plygrm;uufawGrSm0,f,l&&SdEkdifygw,f/vdyfpm-Capital(Myanmar) Co., Ltd.

tcef;-1401? 14 xyf? tkdvHypfwm0g?ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-256299? 665850? 726774?zufpf-256189E-mail:[email protected]

aps;oufomwJUrdwÅLul;qkdif

wpfrsufESmukd pm&GuftrsKd;tpm;tvkduf 8 usyf? 9 usyfeJY 10 usyftwGif;rSmom usoifhrSmjzpfNyD; pmrsufESm 50 txuf ul;,lolrsm;twGuf 7usyf 50 jym;EIef;eJY aqmif&Gufay;aewJh rdwåLul;qkdifwpfqkdif jzpfygw,f/vdyfpm-trSwf-152? 'kwd,xyf? 16 vrf;(vrf;wkd)? vrf;rawmfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

*smrefpum;ajymbmompum;rsKd;pkH avhvm&mrSm

pdwf0ifpm;olrsm;? vkyfief;cGifrSm tokH;csvkdolrsm;twGuf &nf&G,fNyD; *smrefpum;ajymoifwef;wpfckukd azmfjyay;vkdufygw,f/ ESpfvoifwef;jzpfNyD;wpfywfvQif ig;&ufeJY wpfcsdefukdwpfem&D 30 rdepf oifMum;r,fvkdY od&ygw,f/tao;pdwfpkHprf;vkdY&r,fh zkef;eHygwfawGuawmh-203500? 203503?203565? 244204

CDMA "mwfcJCDMA zkef; tokH;jyKolrsm;

twGuf jcif;zkef;"mwfcJ a&mif;csay;aewJh qkdifwpfqkdifukd nTefjyvkdygw,f/pifumylEk difiHvkyf"mwfcJrsm;jzpfNyD;tcsdefMumMum tokH;jyKEkdifw,fvkdYqkdygw,f/vdyfpm-trSwf-139? armifckdifvrf;(Akdvf&GJvrf;)?vomNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-251515? 09-8030493


q tvif;tdrftvif;tdrftvif;tdrftvif;tdrftvif;tdrftrSwf-23 (6 vTm)? o*F[vrf;? wmarGNrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-201947

q Treasure

trSwf-289? yef;qkd;wef;vrf;(txuf)?ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-251536E-mail:[email protected]

q yifeDyifeDyifeDyifeDyifeDtrSwf-205? 35 vrf;(txuf)? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-244205? 249700? 281424

q Quality Publishing House

trSwf-153? 5 (u)vTm? qdyfurf;omvrf;?ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-706414? 383664? 282604

q EkdifEkdifEkdifEkdifEkdiftrSwf-22? yef;qkd;wef;vrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-379770

q eef;a'0Deef;a'0Deef;a'0Deef;a'0Deef;a'0DtrSwf-201^15? 'kwd,xyf(0J)? yef;qkd;wef;vrf;(tv,f)? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-245224

q oD[&wem^&wemykHoD[&wem^&wemykHoD[&wem^&wemykHoD[&wem^&wemykHoD[&wem^&wemykHtrSwf-100(D)? tif;vsm;vrf;? urm&GwfNrKdUe,f?&efukef/

q jreE´mjreE´mjreE´mjreE´mjreE´mtrSwf-145? 36 vrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-256182? 253295

q a'gif;a'gif;a'gif;a'gif;a'gif;trSwf-113? 33 vrf;(tv,f)? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/E-mail:[email protected]

q 177 pmaypmaypmaypmaypmaytrSwf-177? ajrnDxyf? 36 vrf;(tv,f)?ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q r&rf;wvif;pmayr&rf;wvif;pmayr&rf;wvif;pmayr&rf;wvif;pmayr&rf;wvif;pmay- trSwf-14? ausmufa&wGif;vrf;? ausmufajrmif;?wmarGNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-543297- trSwf-610? B-1 ? ,kZetdrf&m? Anm;'vvrf;?,kZeyvmZmteD;? wmarGNrKdUe,f? &efukef/E-mail:mail4u.com.mm

pmtkyfxkwfa0wkdufrsm;q a&Teef;rSefula&Teef;rSefula&Teef;rSefula&Teef;rSefula&Teef;rSeful

wkduf-11? tcef;-20? zqyvtdrf&m? r*FvmawmifnGefYNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-245024

q pdwful;csKdcsKdpdwful;csKdcsKdpdwful;csKdcsKdpdwful;csKdcsKdpdwful;csKdcsKdtrSwf-85? 16 vrf;? wmarGNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-726624

q qkqkqkqkqktrSwf-198 (ajrnDxyf)? 39 vrf;(tv,f)?ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukefNrKdU/ zkef;-252622

q ynm&J&ifh? rkd;jrifhynm&J&ifh? rkd;jrifhynm&J&ifh? rkd;jrifhynm&J&ifh? rkd;jrifhynm&J&ifh? rkd;jrifhtrSwf-75? 4 vTm? "r®pdEÅmvrf;? ausmufajrmif;?wmarGNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

q awmf0ifNrKdUrawmf0ifNrKdUrawmf0ifNrKdUrawmf0ifNrKdUrawmf0ifNrKdUrtrSwf-77^c? 38 vrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-379573

q &mjynfh&mjynfh&mjynfh&mjynfh&mjynfhtrSwf-38? 109 vrf;(txuf)? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-244205? 249700? 281424

q waumif;waumif;waumif;waumif;waumif;trSwf-5(c)? aZ,smoD&dvrf;? urm&GwfNrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-505548

q pmtkyfaps;pmtkyfaps;pmtkyfaps;pmtkyfaps;pmtkyfaps;trSwf-80(J)? uarÇmZvrf;oG,f-2? A[ef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-537213

q 0grkd;atmif0grkd;atmif0grkd;atmif0grkd;atmif0grkd;atmiftrSwf-529? ukefonfvrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-254955

q ZrÁLwvlZrÁLwvlZrÁLwvlZrÁLwvlZrÁLwvltrSwf-220? 37 vrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-242484

q acwfNyKdifacwfNyKdifacwfNyKdifacwfNyKdifacwfNyKdiftrSwf-141? 4 xyf(,m)? 34 vrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-372026

q cifarmhqufcifarmhqufcifarmhqufcifarmhqufcifarmhqufwkduf-19? tcef;-4? &efuif;vrf;oG,f-16? &efuif;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-09-5014616


q ae&D&Dae&D&Dae&D&Dae&D&Dae&D&DtrSwf-2^u? atmif&wemvrf;? vrf;rawmfNrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-221435

q pmayavmupmayavmupmayavmupmayavmupmayavmutrSwf-173? 33 vrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-285166

q UNITY

trSwf-36? A[kdvrf;(aZ,s0wDvrf;)? prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-537705

q jynfhpkHjynfhpkHjynfhpkHjynfhpkHjynfhpkHtrSwf-78 (ajrnDxyfESifh yxrxyf)? vSnf;wef;vrf;?vrf;rawmfNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-706082? 224375E-mail:[email protected]

q xGef;OD;pmayxGef;OD;pmayxGef;OD;pmayxGef;OD;pmayxGef;OD;pmaytrSwf-101? 84 vrf;? 29 _30 vrf;Mum;?csrf;at;omZHNrKdUe,f? rEÅav;/ zkef;-02-23502

q ,aeYrEÅav;,aeYrEÅav;,aeYrEÅav;,aeYrEÅav;,aeYrEÅav;trSwf-290^c? 83 vrf;? rEÅav;/

q e*g;e*g;e*g;e*g;e*g;trSwf-290? 83 vrf;? 29_30 vrf;Mum;? csrf;at;omZHNrKdUe,f? rEÅav;/ zkef;-02-35267? 39869

q vlxkvlxkvlxkvlxkvlxktrSwf-221? 84 vrf;? 33 vrf;axmifh? csrf;at;omZHNrKdUe,f? rEÅav;/ zkef;-02-39717

q Owå&vGifjyifOwå&vGifjyifOwå&vGifjyifOwå&vGifjyifOwå&vGifjyiftrSwf-357? 83 vrf;? 32_33 vrf;Mum;? rEÅav;/

q armifarmifajyarmifarmifajyarmifarmifajyarmifarmifajyarmifarmifajy- trSwf-40? 75_27 vrf;axmifh? csrf;at;omZHNrKdUe,f? rEÅav;/- 29 vrf;? 83_84 vrf;Mum;? csrf;at;omZHNrKdUe,f?rEÅav;/ zkef;-02-34409

q jrnGefYaqGjrnGefYaqGjrnGefYaqGjrnGefYaqGjrnGefYaqGtrSwf-278? 83 _ 84 vrf;Mum;? rEÅav;/zkef;-02-36745

ae&majymif; ? vdyfpmopfq jrpfcGJ 9 pif;jrpfcGJ 9 pif;jrpfcGJ 9 pif;jrpfcGJ 9 pif;jrpfcGJ 9 pif;

(pmay? pmtkyfxkwfa0a&;ESifh uGefysLwmpmpD)(pmay? pmtkyfxkwfa0a&;ESifh uGefysLwmpmpD)(pmay? pmtkyfxkwfa0a&;ESifh uGefysLwmpmpD)(pmay? pmtkyfxkwfa0a&;ESifh uGefysLwmpmpD)(pmay? pmtkyfxkwfa0a&;ESifh uGefysLwmpmpD)wkduf-7? tcef;-403? 9 vrf;(u)? ,kZeO,smOfNrKdUawmf? (94) &yfuGuf? '*kHNrKdUopfqdyfurf;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-593146

q Note Books City

trSwf-32? uRef;awmvrf;? prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/zkef;-510680? 525933? 502612? 09-80-20986

q i Net Systems

wkduf-501(C)? Delta Plaza ? a&T*kHwkdifvrf;? A[ef;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-559764

q tdrfjrifhrkd&fukrÜPDvDrdwuftdrfjrifhrkd&fukrÜPDvDrdwuftdrfjrifhrkd&fukrÜPDvDrdwuftdrfjrifhrkd&fukrÜPDvDrdwuftdrfjrifhrkd&fukrÜPDvDrdwuftrSwf-117^127(G-3)? 33 vrf;(tv,f)?ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-09-8020580? 09-8023991

q TOP THREE COMPANY LIMITED

NcHtrSwf (32-N)? 32 &dyfom? 6 rkdifcGJ? jynfvrf;?vIdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-247520? 539404?09-50-12981? zufpf-539404E-mail: [email protected]

q usif(½kH;cef;)usif(½kH;cef;)usif(½kH;cef;)usif(½kH;cef;)usif(½kH;cef;)wkduf-18? tcef;-003? 3 vrf;? A-black ?,kZeO,smOfNrKdUawmf? '*kHNrKdUopfqdyfurf;NrKdUe,f?&efukef/ zkef;-593154

aMu;tkd; aumif;aumif;jyefvnfjyifqifNyD; topfzGifhvSpfwJh pm;aomufqkdif

wpfck jzpfygw,f/ aMu;tkd;tjyif acgufqGJjyKwf? [rfbm*g?tat;rsKd;pkH? a&cJrkefYeJY Snack rsm;vnf; rSm,lokH;aqmifEkdifwm awGU&ygw,f/

vdyfpm-

Danny uzD;ESifhtat;trSwf-284^286?a&Twd*kHbk&m;vrf;ESifh a,mrif;BuD;vrf;axmifh?'*kHNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-721861


2004 ckESpf ZGefv? ZlvkdifvESifU Mo*kwfvrsm;twGif; xGuf&Sdaompmtkyfrsm;

pOfpOfpOfpOfpOf pmtkyftrnf pmtkyftrnf pmtkyftrnf pmtkyftrnf pmtkyftrnf pma&;olpma&;olpma&;olpma&;olpma&;ol tkyfa&tkyfa&tkyfa&tkyfa&tkyfa& wefzdk; wefzdk; wefzdk; wefzdk; wefzdk; xkwfa0wkduf xkwfa0wkduf xkwfa0wkduf xkwfa0wkduf xkwfa0wkduf xkwfa0ESpfxkwfa0ESpfxkwfa0ESpfxkwfa0ESpfxkwfa0ESpf pmtkyfpmtkyfpmtkyfpmtkyfpmtkyf

(usyf)(usyf)(usyf)(usyf)(usyf) trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;

1/ tEkdifrcH armifay:xGef; 500 2800 Quality 2004? ZGef bmomjyef

pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-789^2002(8) Publishing House ('k-Budrf)

2/ avmuZmwfckHay:rSm cspfEkdif(pdwfynm) 5000 700 Ekdif 2004? Zlvkdif vli,fpdwfynm

pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-372^2004(5) (y-Budrf)

3/ urÇmhtaMumif; yg&*l 1000 1200 avmuopf 2004? Mo*kwf EkdifiHwumwaphwapmif; (y-Budrf)

4/ &mZ0ifwGif&pfr,fh pum;0kdif;rsm; ausmf0if; 500 750 Plastic 2004? Zlvkdif 'pfyvkdarpD

pmrlcGif hjyKcsuftrSwf-47^2004(5) Rainbow (y-Budrf)

5/ tkdiftkdarmifaumif;ESifh a&Twkdufpkd;BuD; wuúokdvfrif;,Of 500 600 rkd;jrifh 2004? Zlvkdif 0w¬K

pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-1712^2003(12) (y-Mudrf)

6/ usm;wumhusm; aerif;&mZm 500 600 ynm&J&ifh 2004? Zlvkdif bmomjyefpmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-1714^2003(12 ) (y-Budrf)

7/ qGefZl;\ &Sifoefatmifjrifa&; enf;vrf;rsm; Munfrif; 500 1000 wla'; 2004? Zlvkdif bmomjyef

pmr lc G i f h j y Kc su ftr Sw f-13025^2003(9) (y-Budrf) wufusrf;

8/ EkdifiHwumtawG; EkdifiHwumtjrif armif0Ho 1000 1000 oD[&wem 2004? Zlvkdif EkdifiHwum

pmrlcGif h jyKcsuftrSwf-57^2004(5 ) (y-Budrf)

9/ pum;ykHrsm;uajymwJh vlYobm0w¬ armifay:xGef; 1000 900 jrefrmh&wem 2004? ZGef bmomjyefpmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-234^2004(3) (y-Budrf)

10/ vli,feJY wm0ef,lpdwf vlxkpdef0if; 1000 700 Future 2004? Mo*kwf vli,fpmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-253^2004(4) (y-Budrf) aqmif;yg;pk

11/ oHa,mZOfjzifh zGJU&pfwnfaompma&;q&mpkH 1000 650 yif0g;½kH 2004? Zlvkdif aqmif;yg;pk

tnKda&mif wa,muav; (y-Budrf)

12/ tkdif'D,mtufaq;rsm; ae0if;jrifh 1000 1200 csrf;ajrh&wem 2004? ZGef tufaq;

pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-1513^2003(8) (y-Budrf)

13/ jrm;ewfarmif ya[Vdaygif;csKyf(2) vGPf;armif 500 1250 rkHa&G; 2004? Zlvkdif ya[VdpmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-143^2004(2) (y-Budrf)

14/ '&rfq&m...(okdYr[kwf) pmrsufESm rmef(awmifvkH;jyef) 1000 500 awmifvkH;jyef 2004? ZGef 0w¬K&SnfESpf&mokH;q,fhESpf (y-Budrf)

15/ cifAsm;'defcJukd uRefawmf nDopf 500 600 rsKd;qufopf 2004? Zlvkdif bmomjyefae&ma&TUcJhw,f (y-Budrf) wufusrf;

pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-57^2003(7)

(pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-233^2004(3))

(pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf912^2003(12)

(pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSw1783^2003(12)


pOfpOfpOfpOfpOf pmtkyftrnf pmtkyftrnf pmtkyftrnf pmtkyftrnf pmtkyftrnf pma&;olpma&;olpma&;olpma&;olpma&;ol tkyfa&tkyfa&tkyfa&tkyfa&tkyfa& wefzdk; wefzdk; wefzdk; wefzdk; wefzdk; xkwfa0wkdufxkwfa0wkdufxkwfa0wkdufxkwfa0wkdufxkwfa0wkduf xkwfa0xkwfa0xkwfa0xkwfa0xkwfa0 pmtkyf pmtkyf pmtkyf pmtkyf pmtkyf (usyf) (usyf) (usyf) (usyf) (usyf) ESpf ESpf ESpf ESpf ESpf trsKd;tpm; trsKd;tpm; trsKd;tpm; trsKd;tpm; trsKd;tpm;

16/ ysKdwkdYtcspfawmf wifhw,f 1000 1000 &mjynfh 2004? ZGef bmomjyefpmrlcGif h jyKcsuftrSwf-900^2003(7) (w-Budrf)

17/ wifarmifaqGESifh vlowf rkd;a0 500 650 pdwful;csKdcsKd 2004? ZGef bmomjyefq&m0ef ('k-Budrf)

18/ ivsifAkH;BuJcJhpOfu OD;vS0if; 500 850 &wemykH 2004? Zlvkdif 0w¬KwkdpkpmrlcGif hjyKcsuftrSwf-1288^2003(9) (avol&JwpfOD;) (y-Budrf)

19/ w&m;&SifESifh &m[kvm cspfOD;nKd 1000 1000 oD[&wem 2004? Zlvkdif 0w¬KwkdpkpmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-445^2004(5) ('k-Budrf)

20/ rNidrf;om&JU a&Teef;awmf cspfOD;nKd 500 800 oD&daqG 2004? Zlvkdif 0w¬KwkdpkpmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-1576^2003(11) ('k-Budrf)

21/ uRefawmf uRefrwkdYonf rif;vl 500 900 ewforD; 2004? Zlvkdif 0w¬K&SnfpmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-762^2004(6) ('k-Budrf)

22/ cspfyef;yGifh a&TOa'gif; 500 1000 aZ,smajr 2004? Mo*kwf 0w¬K&SnfpmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-477^2004(5) ('k-Budrf)

23/ aus;Zl;&Sif OD;Ek 1000 900 pmayavmu 2004? ZGef bmoma&;pmrlcGif h jyKcsuftrSwf-343^2004(4) ('k-Budrf)

24/ tqifhjrifhcsnfwkdif a0rSL;oGif 1000 850 yifv,fMu,f 2004? Zlvkdif 0w¬K&SnfpmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-540^2004(5) ('k-Budrf)

25/ acwfwpfacwf&JU pma&;q&mpkH 1000 1000 Book Man 2004? Zlvkdif 0w¬Kwkdpkwuúokdvf (y-Budrf)

26/ acwfprf;ykHjyifrsm; pma&;q&mpkH 1000 1500 &mjynfh 2004? Zlvkdif 0w¬KwkdpkpmrlcGif h jyKcsuftrSwf-357^2004(4) (w-Budrf)

27/ jrefrmorkdif;ykH a'gufwmoef;xGef; 500 1950 rkHa&G; 2004? Zlvkdif orkdif;pmrlcGif h jyKcsuftrSwf-5^2004(1) (y-Budrf)

«pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf-100^2004(1)»

«pmrlc Gi f h jy KcsuftrSwf-1786^2003(12)»

LIVING COLOR MAGAZINE

E-mail

Chief Editor - [email protected]

News Room - [email protected]

Marketing - [email protected]


urÇmhtaMumif; wapUwapmif;yg&*lyg&*lyg&*lyg&*lyg&*l

EdkifiHjyK okcrdefwpfOD;jzpfoluaemiftem*wfwGif wkdif;jynfacgif;aqmifjzpfvmrnfh ¤if;\ orD;jzpfoltwGuf

¤if;\ urÇmhordkif;qkdif&mtjrifrsm;ukday;pmykHpHjzifh oGufoGufvufvuf a&;om;xm;onfhpmtkyf jzpfonf/ tdEd,EkdifiH\ acgif;aqmifBuD;jzpfol *s0g[vmae½l;\ Glimpses of World

History ukd yg&*lu bmomjyefqkdxm;jcif;jzpfNyD; rlvpmtkyfwGif ae½l;rS orD;jzpfol tif'D&mokdY ay;pm 196 apmif&Sdonfhteuf bmomjyefpmtkyfwGifapmifa& 40 yg0ifonfudk awGU&onf/tqkdygay;pmrsm;udk ae½l;tusOf;axmifwGif; a&mufaepOf umvrsm;ESifh EkdifiHa&;vIyf&Sm;rIrsm; aqmif&GufaepOfumvrsm;jzpfonfh 1930 ESifh 1933ckESpfrsm;twGif; a&;om;cJhjcif;jzpf&mrSDjirf;pmtkyfrsm;ukd rokH;pGJbJ ¤if;\rSwfÓPfwGif;&Sd taMumif;t&m tcsuftvufrsm;udk ukd,fydkiftjrifjzifh ykdif;jcm;a0zef okH;oyfa&;om;xm;jcif; jzpfonf/

jrefrmhorkdif;ynm&Sif a'gufwmoef;xGef;u orkdif;ukd oifMum;&jcif;rSm rt&efjzpfonf[laom pum;jzifhordkif;ukd avhvmjcif;onf trSefukdodjcif;rS trSefukd qkH;jzwfvkyfukdifEkdifjcif;okdY OD;wnfonfukd ajymMum;cJhzl;onf/ okdY&mwGif orkdif;qkd&mü ckESpfouú&mZfrsm;? tjzpftysufrsm;? vltrnf? wkdif;jynfEdkifiHtrnfrsm;udkavhvmjcif;jzifh orkdif;ynm\ tcef;u@rSm ½kyfvkH;<uvmrnfr[kwfyg/orkdif;ukd tjrifrSef tawG;rSefjzifh okH;oyfa0zefEkdifpGrf;&SdrSom vlYtzGJUtpnf; \tem*wftwGuf rSe fuefpGm qk H;jzwfaqmif&GufEkdifrnf jzpfonf/ ,aeYtdEd,EdkifiHonf urÇmay:wGif tBuD;qkH;aom 'Drkdua&pDEkdifiHtjzpf atmifatmifjrifjrif wnfaqmufEkdifjcif;ukdMunfhvQif tdEd,EkdifiHacgif;aqmifrsm;\ tawG;tac: tqkH;tjzwf rSefonfrrSefonfukd tuJcwfavhvmEdkifrnfjzpfonf/

þpmtkyfukd e,l;a,mufwkdif;rfowif;pmu H.G.Wells \ Outline

History of the World ESifh EIdif;,SOf

Editor's Choice


csD;usL;cJhNyD; tjcm;aom a0zefa&;ynm&Sifrsm;uvnf; urÇmhorkdif;tjrifukd Oa&mywkdufom;r[kwfolwpfOD;u okH;oyfa0zefxm;onfh yxrqkH;p mtkyftjzpf csD;rGrf;cef; zGifhcJhonf/ ae½l;onf acwfynmwwfwpfOD; jzpfonhftm;avsmfpGm orkdif;udk okH;oyf&mwGift,ltpGJtenf;qkH;jzifh okH;oyfoGm;onfukd awGU&onf/

a&S;a[mif;tpOftvmrsm;ESifhywfoufaomtjrifukd ]tdEd,awmifykdif;u ajrmufydkif;ukd vTrf;rkd;jcif;}trnf&S day;pmwGif ]]aMumufp&mtaumif;qkH; eH&HwHwkdif;u vl\pdwfESvkH;xJrS jzpfay:aewJh eH&HwHwkdif;jzpfw,f/ tJ'DeH&HwHwdkif;[m qdk;wJhtpOftvmwpfckukd a&S;a[mif;jzpfw,fqkdwJhtaMumif;jycsufeJY rpGefYypfatmifumuG,f[efYwm;xm;NyD;? t,lqopfwpfckukd qef;opfw,fvkdY taMumif;jycsufeJY vufrcHatmif umuG,f[efYwm;w,f}} [k azmfjyxm;onf/

bmomw&m;ESifhywfoufaomae½l;\tjrifESifh okH;oyfcsufrsm;onfvnf; acwfa&SUajy;í qef;opfonf ukdawGU&onf/ ]csKdqifESifh 'kdufepfyGef}trnf&Sd ay;pmwGif ]]&SifwkdESifh tjcm;bmomw&m;tcsKdU[m azazwkdY&JUopöm&SdrIudk tjrwfxkwfNyD; azazwkdYukd?pkd;rkd;tkyfcsKyfaewJh vlwpfpkukd tusKd;jzpfxGef;atmif vkyfaeMuw,f/...}}[lívnf;aumif; ]]tkyfcsKyfol vlwef;pm;ukd opöm&Sd&r,fvkdY &SifwkdbmomunTefMum;xm;wJhtwGufaMumifh jzpfw,f}}[kvnf;aumif; azmfjyxm;onf/

ae½l;ukd,fwdkifu bmomw&m;[laom ynwfcsufwpfckxuf tajccHvlYusifh0wfrsm;udk wefzkd;xm;olyDyDorkdif;\ tcsKdUtcsKdUaom tcsKd;tauGUrsm;wGif ]]bmoma&;pmtkyfawGu

vnf; wk d;wufrIvrf;aMumif;rSmt[efYtwm;vkdjzpfaeMuw,f}} [k]EkdifiHrsm; ,Ofaus;rIrsm;\ twuftus} trnf&Sday;pmwGif tv,facwf\ qifjcifwkHw&m;rsm;rSm bmoma&;oHBuKd;ESifh aESmifwnf;cHxm;&aMumif;ukd azmfxkwfwifjy&if; rSwfcsufjyKxm;onfukd awGU&rnf jzpfonf/

txl;ojzif h tpGef;a&mufbmoma&;0g'Drsm;\ tMurf;zufrIrsm;ESif h BuKHawGUae&aom ,aeYtcsdefrsKd;wGif ae½l;\ ]]... wu,fvkdYvlwpfOD;wpfa,muftm; ,kHMunfcsufwpfpkHwpf&mtwGuf toufpGefYvTwfxm;&if tJ'Dvkd toufukd pGefYvTwfjcif;[m *kPfodu©mwpfck jzpfw,fvkdYxifjrif,lqxm;&if tJ'Dvlukdvnf;aumif;? tJ'Dvl&JU ,kHMunfcsufukdvnf;aumif; zdESdyfzkdYqkdwm rjzpfEkdifawmhbl;}} [laom ]c&pfawmfESifh? c&pf,mefbmom} trnf&Sday;pmyg tjrifoabmxm;rSm rsm;pGm rSefuefaeaMumif;awGU&rnfjzpfonf/ ,kHMunfrItpGJtvrf;BuD;jcif;onf oufqkdif&mEkdifiHESifh vlrsKd;wkdY\ pdwfykdif;qkdif&mudk rsm;pGmvTrf;rkd;rI&SdNyD; vlrsKd;wpfrsKd;tae jzifhxk duJ hod k Y t,ltpG J BuD;Ny Dqk dyguxkdolrsm;udk xdef;csKyf&efrSm ykdrkdvG,fulaMumif;ukd ]uk&SefvlrsKd;wkdY\ e,fjcm;tifykdif,m} trnf&Sd ay;pmwGif]]jynfolukdacgif;ykHjzwfzkdY rsufuef;tpGJtvrf;udk ajrawmifajr§mufay;wm a&S;a[mif;a&mr&JU ay:vpDjzpfw,f}} [k a&;om;xm;onf/

rSefuefaom tawG;tac:ukd&Ekdif&efrSm vlrsKd;pGJ? bmompGJ? EkdifiHpGJpaom tpGJrsm;ukd azsmufrSjzpfEkdifaMumif; þpmtkyfwGif txift&Sm;awGUEkdifayonf/ txl;ojzifh vlYtzGJUtpnf;\ tem*wf xkdqkH;jzwfpDrHMu

olrsm;? qkH;jzwfpDrHMurnfholrsm;ESifhqkH;jzwfpDrHvkdMuolrsm;tzkdY orkdif;oabmw&m; tjrifrSefukd&Edkif&efzwf½Iavhvmoifhonfh pmtkyfaumif;wpftkyfjzpfygonf/

xkwfa0wkduf-avmuopfpmayrsufESmzkH;'DZkdif;- aZmfarmifwefzkd;- 1200 usyfxkwfa0ESpf- 2004 ckESpf? Mo*kwfvtBudrf- yxrtBudrftkyfa&- 1000pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf- «57^2003(7)»

&mZ0ifwGif&pfr,fU pum;0kdif;rsm;ausmf0if;ausmf0if;ausmf0if;ausmf0if;ausmf0if;

,ckpmtkyfygtaMumif;t&mrsm;rSm EkdifiHawmf vQKdU0Sufcsufrsm;tjzpfom &SdaecJh&mrS upfqif;*sm;\ azmfxkwfa&;om;rIjzifhom vltrsm;odcGifh&Sdvmjcif; jzpfonf/ orkdif;acwf wpfacwfjzpfcJhonfh ppfat;acwfwGif tar&duef? w½kwf? qkdAD,ufwkdYtMum;wGiftiftm;NyKdifqkdifrIrsm;&SdcJh&m xkdNyKdifqkdifrIrsm;rS jyóem&yftawmfrsm;rsm;ukdaqG;aEG;nd§EIdif;rIrsm;jzifh ajz&Sif;EkdifcJhMuonf/ xkdaqG;aEG;n§dEIdif;rIrsm;teufrStar&duef-w½kwf n§dEIdif;yGJrsm;wGiftar&duefor�®w epfqifvufxufaqG;aEG;yGJrsm;taMumif;ukd xkdyGJrsm;üt"duZmwfaumiftjzpf yg0ifcJhaom[ife&Dupfqif;*sm;\ xkwfazmfa&;om;csufpmtkyf (The Kissinger Tran-

script) upfqif;*sm; rSwfwrf;rsm;ukdausmf0if;u ]]&mZ0ifwGif&pfr,fh pum;0kdif;rsm;}} trnfjzifh a&;om;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/

ausmf0if;\trSmpmwGif *drf;oDtkd&DaMumifh ppfat;acwfxdyfoD;aqG;aEG;yGJrsm; atmifjrifcJhonfqkdaom


yxrtcsuf? 19 &mpk 'óeynm&Sif[D;*J(v)u ]]EkdifiHa&;wGif xm0& rdwfaqG? xm0&&efolr&Sd? xm0&tusKd;pD;yGm;om&Sdonf}} [lonfh tjriftwkdif;&efolawmfBuD;rsm;jzpfcJhaom tar&duef?w½kwfwkdYESpfOD;rSm n§dEIdif;aqG;aEG;NyD;aemuf r[mAsL[mr[mrdwfrsm; jzpfvmonf[laom 'kwd,tcsuf? ra0;aom ppfat;orkdif;ESifh ppfat;vGefacwfrsm;wGif tquftpyf&Sdonf[laom wwd,tcsuf?xkdtcsufokH;csufukd qufpyfpOf;pm;NyD; þpmtkyfukdzwfoifhonf[k azmfjyxm;onf/

aqG;aEG;yGJrsm;wGif w½kwfacgif;aqmifrsm;jzpfaom armfpDwkef;? csLtifvkdif;ESifh tar&duefbufrS or®wepfqif? upfqif;*sm;wkdYonf wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; aemufaemufajymifajymif &,f&,farmarmESifh ta&;rBuD;taMumif;t&mrsm;rS ta&;BuD;taMumif;t&mrsm;okdY OD;wnfaqG;aEG;EkdifcJhMuonf/aemufqkH;wGif oloabmwlnDcsuftawmfrsm;rsm;ukd &&SdEkdifcJhonfukd awGU&onf/ tcef; (1) ]ESif;cJaysmfp}ESifhtcef; (2) ]&efola[mif;ESpfa,muf}tcef;rsm;wGif tar&duef-w½kwf ajy

vnfrI&&SdvmykHukd wifjyxm;NyD; ]]tcef;(3) oHcif;wrefcif; pD;csif;xkd;yGJwGif}}cspfMunfcgp r[mrdwfESpfOD;rSm uarÇm'D;,m;jyóemü &yfwnfcsufjcif;rSmqefYusifbufjzpfaomfvnf; w½kwfbufrS csLtifvkdif;ESifh tar&duefbufrSupfqif;*sm;wkdY\ pGrf;aqmifaqG;aEG;csufrsm;aMumifh eD;pyfwlnDvkeD;yg; &&SdcJhykHukd azmfjyxm;onf/

pmtkyf\ ]]Book Reveiew} }u@wGif tar&duefor®w tqufquf BuKHcJh&aom ta&SUtv,fykdif;jyóemwGif ,ckor®wvufxufutaetxm;ukd tjrifykd&Sdap&eftwGuf,cifu upfqif;*sm;acwfu taetxm; 1973 ta&SUtv,fyd ki f;tm&yf-tpöa&;ppfyGJwGif upfqif;*sm;ESifh tm&yfEkdifiHrsm;\ aemufuG,facgif;aqmif qkdAD,ufwkdY n§dEIdif;tajz&SmykHrsm;ukd wifjyxm;onf/

þpmtkyfonf EkdifiHwumqufqHa&; bmom&yfe,fy,fwGif ppfat;acwf oHwrefcif;ukd pdwf0ifpm;olrsm;twGuf ppfat;acwfrS NyKdifbufEkdifiHBuD;rsm;tMum; jyóem&yfrsm;udkxdyfwkduf&ifqkdifjcif;rjyKMubJ aqG;aEG;n§dEIdif;rIrsm;jzifhom ajz&Sif;EkdifMuaMumif;ppfat;ESifh ppfat;vGefacwfukd qufpyfpOf;pm;Ekdif&ef wifjyxm;jcif; jzpfayonf/

xkwfa0jzefYcsda&;wkduf- Plastic Rainbow Book Publication

rsufESmzkH;'DZkdif;- ukdaZmfOD;pDpOfol- a&Tausmfwefzkd;- 750 usyfxkwfa0ESpf- 2004 ckESpf? ZlvkdifvtBudrf- yxrtBudrftkyfa&- 500pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf- 47^2004(5)


e-Library [laom a0g[m&ukd jrefrmwkdYu [laom a0g[m&ukd jrefrmwkdYu [laom a0g[m&ukd jrefrmwkdYu [laom a0g[m&ukd jrefrmwkdYu [laom a0g[m&ukd jrefrmwkdYu Multimedia CD-ROM rsm;rsm;rsm;rsm;rsm;ukd pkaqmif;xm;&SdNyD; uGefysLwmjzifhMunfh½IEkdif&ef pDpOfxm;onfh pmMunfhwkdufukd pkaqmif;xm;&SdNyD; uGefysLwmjzifhMunfh½IEkdif&ef pDpOfxm;onfh pmMunfhwkdufukd pkaqmif;xm;&SdNyD; uGefysLwmjzifhMunfh½IEkdif&ef pDpOfxm;onfh pmMunfhwkdufukd pkaqmif;xm;&SdNyD; uGefysLwmjzifhMunfh½IEkdif&ef pDpOfxm;onfh pmMunfhwkdufukd pkaqmif;xm;&SdNyD; uGefysLwmjzifhMunfh½IEkdif&ef pDpOfxm;onfh pmMunfhwkdufrsKd;jzpfonf[líom em;vnfoabmaygufMuaMumif; pmMunfhwkdufynm&SifrsKd;jzpfonf[líom em;vnfoabmaygufMuaMumif; pmMunfhwkdufynm&SifrsKd;jzpfonf[líom em;vnfoabmaygufMuaMumif; pmMunfhwkdufynm&SifrsKd;jzpfonf[líom em;vnfoabmaygufMuaMumif; pmMunfhwkdufynm&SifrsKd;jzpfonf[líom em;vnfoabmaygufMuaMumif; pmMunfhwkdufynm&SifwpfOD;u ajymzl;ygonf/ trSeftm;jzifhrl wpfOD;u ajymzl;ygonf/ trSeftm;jzifhrl wpfOD;u ajymzl;ygonf/ trSeftm;jzifhrl wpfOD;u ajymzl;ygonf/ trSeftm;jzifhrl wpfOD;u ajymzl;ygonf/ trSeftm;jzifhrl CD rsm; pkaqmif;xm;&Sdaomrsm; pkaqmif;xm;&Sdaomrsm; pkaqmif;xm;&Sdaomrsm; pkaqmif;xm;&Sdaomrsm; pkaqmif;xm;&SdaompmMunfhwkdufukd pmMunfhwkdufukd pmMunfhwkdufukd pmMunfhwkdufukd pmMunfhwkdufukd CD-ROM Library [kom ac:qkdEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ tDvuf[kom ac:qkdEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ tDvuf[kom ac:qkdEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ tDvuf[kom ac:qkdEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ tDvuf[kom ac:qkdEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ tDvufx&GefepfpmMunfhwkdufqkdonfrSm x&GefepfpmMunfhwkdufqkdonfrSm x&GefepfpmMunfhwkdufqkdonfrSm x&GefepfpmMunfhwkdufqkdonfrSm x&GefepfpmMunfhwkdufqkdonfrSm (e-Library) qkdonfrSm pmtkyf? pme,fZif; rsm;ukdqkdonfrSm pmtkyf? pme,fZif; rsm;ukdqkdonfrSm pmtkyf? pme,fZif; rsm;ukdqkdonfrSm pmtkyf? pme,fZif; rsm;ukdqkdonfrSm pmtkyf? pme,fZif; rsm;ukduGefysLwmuGef&ufuGefysLwmuGef&ufuGefysLwmuGef&ufuGefysLwmuGef&ufuGefysLwmuGef&uf(Network, Internet) wkdYjzifh qufoG,fzwf½IEkdifatmifwkdYjzifh qufoG,fzwf½IEkdifatmifwkdYjzifh qufoG,fzwf½IEkdifatmifwkdYjzifh qufoG,fzwf½IEkdifatmifwkdYjzifh qufoG,fzwf½IEkdifatmifokdYr[kwf tqkdygpmrsm;ukd okdYr[kwf tqkdygpmrsm;ukd okdYr[kwf tqkdygpmrsm;ukd okdYr[kwf tqkdygpmrsm;ukd okdYr[kwf tqkdygpmrsm;ukd CD-ROM wGif xnfhoGif;xm;jcif; jzpfonf/wGif xnfhoGif;xm;jcif; jzpfonf/wGif xnfhoGif;xm;jcif; jzpfonf/wGif xnfhoGif;xm;jcif; jzpfonf/wGif xnfhoGif;xm;jcif; jzpfonf/

tokH;wGifus,fvmawmUrnfU pepfrsm;

NzKd;0if;vwf

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif 2000 jynfhESpfaemufykdif;rSomvQif tifwmeufenf;ynmukd wGifwGifus,fus,f okH;pGJvmMuonf/ tifwmeufukd okH;pGJ&mwGift"dutm;jzifh E-mail? Chat ponfwkdYom tawmfokH;pGJMuonf[k awGU&Sd&onf/ ynm&yfqkdif&mpmayrsm;ukd&SmazG&efESifh okawoetwGuf taxmuftxm;rsm;ukd &SmazG&mwGif tifwmeufukd wGifwGifus,fus,f tokH;jyKrIrsKd;jrefrmEkdifiHwGif tm;enf;aeao;ayonf/ xkdYaMumifh ,ckvuf&SdtcsdeftxdjrefrmEkdifiHwGif okH;pGJEkdifonfh e-Library

pepfrsm;rSm tjcm; tmqD,HEkdifiHrsm;ESifhEI dif;pmvQif tvGefenf;yg;aeao;aMumif; awGU&rnfjzpfonf/ ,ckvuf&Sde-Library pepfrsm;ukd vufcsKd;a&wGuf


MunfhvQifvufwpfzufyifjynfhrnfr[kwfbJ tqkdyg e-Library pepfrsm;rSmvnf; Xmeqkdif&mrS 0,f,lokH;pGJxm;jcif;rsKd;r[kwfbJ yk*¾vdutzGJUtpnf;tcsKdUuomvQif okH;pGJaeonfukd awGU&onf/ xkdYaMumifh jrefrmEkdifiHwGif vuf&SdokH;pGJEkdifaom e-Library pepfokH;ckukdIT rdwfquftjzpf wifjyvkdufygonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif vuf&Sd okH;pGJaeaom Online e-Library pepfokH;ckrSmThompson Gale Group rS vTifhwifxm;aom Infotrac e-Library ? ProQuest

Information and Learning Company

rSvTifhwifxm;aom ProQuest e-Library

ESifh EBSCO Publishing rS vTifhwifxm;onfh EBSCO HOST Research Data

Bases wkdYyif jzpfonf/ ,if; Library

okH;ckteuf Infotrac ukd NAdwdoQaumifpDpmMunfhwkdufrS Subscribe vkyf rSm,lxm;jcif;jzpfNyD; ProQuest ESifh EBSCO

HOST wkdYukd tar&duefpifwm pmMunfhwkdufrS Subscribe vkyf rSm,lxm;jcif;jzpfonf/ ESpfpOfaMu;ay;oGif;í rSm,lxm;aom Web Site rsm;jzpfojzifh rSm,lol\ ID ESifh Password wkdYukd ½kdufoGif;NyD;rSomvQif 0ifa&mufMunfh½IEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ xk d YaMumif h txufyg e-Library pepfrsm;ukd tokH;jyKvkdolrsm;onf oufqkdif&m tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifhqufoG,fí okH;pGJ&ef nTefMum;rI awmif;cH&rnfjzpfonf/

Infotrac e-Library pepf Infotrac e-Library pepfuk d

NAdwdoQaumifpDrS 2003 ckESpfrS tpjyKíSubscribe vkyfxm;jcif;jzpfNyD; pme,fZif;1000 ausmfESifh NAdwdefEkdifiHxkwf *sme,f600 ausmfwkdYukd Munfh½IEkdifonf[k od&onf/ *sme,faygif; 600 ausmfteuf449 ckrSm pmom;tjynfhtpkH zwf½IEkdif

NyD; usef*sme,frsm;rSmrl rmwdumESifh Ab-

stract ac: tusOf;csKyfom Munfh½IEkdifaMumif; od&onf/ Infotrac e-Library

pepfukd EkdifiHwumwGif 1985 ckESpfuyiftpjyKcJhaMumif; Microsoft Encarta

pG,fpkHusrf;wGif azmfjyxm;ygonf/Infotrac twGuf wpfESpfvQif pwmvifaygif 500 Thompson Gale Group

ukrÜPDokdY ay;oGif;&onf[k NAdwdoQaumifpDpmMunfhwkdufrS &nfnTef;pmMunfhwkdufrSL; OD;rsKd;ukdukdOD;u qkdonf/

Infotrac Web Site ukd Subscribe

vkyf&mwGif yg0ifaom Database rsm;rSmrSm,lol\ a&G;cs,frItay: rlwnfíuGmjcm;rI &Sdonfukd awGU&onf/ rSm,lolrS rdrdESpfouf&m Third Party Data-

base rsm;ukdvnf; xnfhoGif;rSm,lEkdifonfukd awGU&onf/ NAdwdoQaumifpDrSrSm,lxm;aom Database rsm;rSmrl Jour-

nal Database ESifh Newspapers Database

ESpfckom &Sdojzifh Web Site twGif;okdY0ifa&mufoGm;vQif tqkdyg Database

ESpfckukdom awGU&rnf jzpf onf/OD;rsKd;ukdukdOD;\tqkdt& Infotrac

e-Library pepfonf *sme,f? owif;pmrsm;rS pmom;rsm;ukd Scanner jzifhzwfNyD; Text toGifajymif;vJxm;jcif;r[kwfbJ Infotrac Server rS oufqkdif&mpme,fZif;rsm;\ Server rsm;okdY wkduf½kdufcsdwfqufNyD; pmom;rsm;ukd Infotrac

Server xJokdY Download csNyD; azmfjyxm;jcif;jzpfonf[k od&onf/ þenf;jzifh pme,fZif;rsm;ukd oufqkdif&mxkwfa0olrsm;u ykHESdyfpmtkyftaeESifhrjzefYrD pmom;rsm;ukd Server ay: wifuwnf;uyif zwf½IEkdifaMumif; od&onf/okdYaomf wpfcgwpf&HwGifrl xkdokdYzwf½IEkdifaompmrsm;rSm ykHESdyfpmtkyfrsm;avmufjynfhpkHjcif; r&Sdao;bJ ykHESdyfpmtkyf xGuf&SdNyD;onfhaemufykdif;wGifrSm tqkdyg

pmapmifyg pmom;rsm;ukd Infotrac wGifjynfhpkHpGm zwf½Ijcif;rsKd;vnf; &Sdwwfonf[k ¤if;u jznfhpGufajymMum;onf/

Infotrac e-Library pepfwGifAthen Users [k ac:aom pepfwpfrsKd;yg0ifonfukd awGU&onf/ ,if;pepfrSmInfotrac ukd rSm,lxm;onfh pmMunhfwkdufESifh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;taejzifh ¤if;wkdY\tzGJU0ifrsm;ukd rdrdwkdY\ rlv ID ESifhPassword rsm;ukd ay;p&mrvkdbJoufqkdif&mtzGJU0ifwpfOD;csif;tvkduf IDeHygwfESifh Password rsm; owfrSwf ay;NyD;Infotrac e-Library pepfuk d c G Ja0okH;pGJapjcif; jzpfonf/ jrefrmEkdifiH&SdNAdwdoQaumifpDpmMunfhwkdufwGifrltqkdygpepfukd tokH;rjyKojzifh NAdwdoQaumifpDrS Subscribe vkyfxm;aomInfotrac e-Library ukd tokH;jyKolrsm;taejzifh Athen Users pepfjzifh 0ifa&mufMunfh½Ií r&aMumif; od&onf/

ProQuest e-Library pepfProQuest e-Library pepfuk d

Online ay:wGifomrubJ CD-ROM

jzifhvnf; tokH;jyKEkdifonfukd awGU&onf/CD-ROM jzifh tokH;jyK&mwGif ProQuest

pepftwGuf txl;jyKvkyfxm;aom CD-

ROM zwfpufrsm;E Si f h ProQuest

Searchware ac: Software wkdYjzifhaygif;pyftokH;jyK&onf/ ProQuest CD-

ROM pepfuk d tar&duefpifwmpmMunfhwkdufwGif 1994 ckESpfuyif pwiftokH;jyKcJhonf[k qkdonf/ xkdpOfutokH;jyKcJhaom ProQuest Software rSmDOS Version jzpfNyD; Windows Version

tjzpf EkdifiHwumwGif 1998 ckESpfrS píajymif;vJcJhNyD; tar&duefpifwmwGif rl2004 ckESpf ZlvkdifvrSpí Window Version

ukd ajymif;vJok H;p G Jc J haMumi f ;


tar&duefpifwm\ &nfnTef;pmMunfh wkdufrSL;jzpfolu ajymMum;onf/

ProQuest Online e-Library ukdoufouf Subscribe vkyf&efrvkdbJCD-ROM pepfukd Subscribe vkyfyguOnline okdY 0ifa&mufcGifh User ID ESifhPassword yg&onf[k ¤if;u qkdonf/ProQuest e-Library pepftwGufwpfESpfvQif tar&duefa':vm 2850ay;&aMumif; od&onf/ ProQuest e-

Library pepfwpfckvkH;wGif yg0ifaompme,fZif;rsm;ESif h ynm&yfqkdif&m*sme,frsm;rSm ZGefv 7 &uf 2004 ckESpftxd pm&if;t& 3112 ck &S d Ny D;tar&duefpifwmrS Subscribe vkyfxm;aom pme,fZif;rsm;? ynm&yfqkdif&m*sme,frsm;rSm 541 ck &Sdonf[k od&onf/ ProQuest CD-ROM wGif yg0ifaom pmom;rsm;rSm Infotrac rSmuJhokdYText jzifhr[kwfbJ pmapmifrsm;ukd tjzLtrJ Scanner wifxm;onfh Micro Film

uJhokdYaom ykHrsm;jzifhom zwf½IEkdif onf[kod&onf/ ProQuest Online pepfwGifrlScanner wifxm;onfhykHjzifh a&m Text

jzifhyg zwf½IEkdifonf[k od& onf/Online pepfwGif CD-ROM pepfxuftm;omcsufrSm tcsKdUaqmif; yg;rsm;ukdOnline pepfwGi fom zwf½ I

Ekdifjcif;jzpfonf[kvnf; ¤if;u jznfhpGufajymMum;onf/ ProQuest pepfwGiftar&duefpifwmrS rSm,lxm;aomtjcm;pepf jzpfonf/ EBSCO HOST

Research Databases pepfxuf tm;omcsufrSm *sme,fwpfckcsif;pD\ rmwdum(Table of Contents) ukd Munfhí&jcif;jzpfaMumif;vnf; od&onf/

EBSCO HOST ResearchDatabases

EBSCO HOST ukd tar&duefpifwmrS Subscribe vkyfxm;onfrSmodyfrMumao;[k &nfnTef;pmMunfhwkdufrSL;rS ajymMum;onf/ EBSCO

HOST rSm ProQuest avmuf aps;EIef;rBuD;vSbJ wpfESpfvQif tar&duefa':vm 1050 vnf; usoifhaomfvnf;yg0ifaom Database rsm;rSmrl ProQuest

rSmavmuf trsKd;tpm; pkHvifjcif;r&Sd[kvnf; ¤if;u qkdonf/ EBSCO HOST

wGif ProQuest wGif ryg0ifonfhpepfwpfckjzpfonfh Image Collection pepfyg0ifonfukd awGU&onf/ Image Collec-

tion pepfwGif "mwfykHrsm;? ½kyfykHrsm;?ajrykHrsm;ukd Online Picture Library taejzifh odrf;qnf;xm;NyD; vkdtyfovkd &SmazG&,lEkdifaMumif; tqkdygpmMunfhwkdufrSL;u qkdonf/

txufwGifazmfjycJhaome-Library

pepfrSm jrefrmEkdifiHwGif vuf&Sd tokH;jyKEkdifonfhpepfrsm;tm;vkH;vkdvkdyif jzpfonf/ Infotrac pepfukd Subscribe vkyfxm;onfh NAdwdoQaumifpD pmMunfhwkdufqkdvQif pmMunfhwkduftoif;0ifrsm;ukd Outside Access ac: pmMunhfwkdufjyifyrS Munfh½IcGifhukd ay;xm;ojzifhtoif;0ifrsm;taejzifh pmMunhfwkdufjyifyrS 0ifa&mufMunfh½IcGifhtwGuf vkdtyfcsufrsm;ukd pkHprf;a&;XmewGif ar;jref;

pk Hprf;Ek difonf/ tar&duefpifwmpmMunfhwkdufrS Subscribe vkyfxm; aomOnline Database rsm;jzpfonfh ProQuest

ESifh EBSCO HOST wkdYukdrl pmMunhfwkduftoif;0ifrsm;taejzif h ukd,fwkdifuk di fwG,fok H ;p G JE k di frnfr[kwfbJpmMunfhwkdufwm0efrsm;rSwpfqifhomrdrdwkdY vkdtyfonfwkdYukd &SmazGEkdifrnf[k&nfnTef;pmMunfhwkdufrSL;rS ajymMum;onf/ okdY&mwGif ProQuest CD-ROM

rsm;ukdrl pmMunfhwkduftoif;0ifrsm;tm;vkH; tokH;jyKEkdifaMumif; ¤if;u qkdonf/

e-Library rsm;ukd tokH;jyKjcif; jzifhorm;½kd;us pmMunhfwkdufrsm;wGifvkdtyfaomtcsuftvufrsm;ukd &SmazGonfxufpmvQif vG,fulvsifjrefpGm&SmazGEkdifNyD; ukefusp&dwf oufomjcif;tusKd;aus;Zl;&&Sdojzifh EkdifiHwumwGifwGifus,fpGm tokH;jyKvmMuNyD jzpfonf/ygupöwefuJhokdYaom EkdifiHrsKd;rSmwGifyifpmMunfhwkdufrsm;okdY ykHrSef oGm;a&mufjcif;rsKd; odyfr&SdawmhbJ e-Library rsm;rSwpfqifhom vkdtyfaom tcsuftvufrsm;ukd &SmazGaeNyDjzpfaMumif; OD;rsKd;ukdukdOD;u ajymMum;onf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif e-Library pepfukd pwiftokH;jyK&eftwGuf Capstone e-Library ac: e-

Library pepfwpfckukd oufqkdif&mrSavhvmaeaMumif; ta0;oifwuúokdvfq&mwpfOD;u qkdygonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGifInternet \ oGifjyifvu©Pmrsm;teuftcsKdUukd ,cktcsdefwGif tokH;jyKEkdifjcif;r&Sdao;aomfvnf; aemifumvtykdif;tjcm;wpfckwGifrl tokH;jyKEkdifawmhrnfjzpf&m e-Library pepfonfvnf; Internet

\ oGif jyifvu©Pmwpfc ktjzpfwGifus,fvmEkdifrnf jzpfygonf/

NzKd;0if;vwfNzKd;0if;vwfNzKd;0if;vwfNzKd;0if;vwfNzKd;0if;vwf

��rdwfquf

5-7-2004 Ä ½kyf&Sif'g½kdufwmESifh xkwfvkyfol OD;rsKd;jrifhatmif(c) [m*sD,lpGyf touf 57 ESpf uG,fvGef/

7-7-2004 Ä yufx½kdeyfpfa&eHukrÜPDrS jrefrmausmif;om; 7OD;wkdYtm; rav;&Sm;EkdifiH yufx½kdeyfpf enf;ynmwuúodkvf wGifynmqnf;yl;&ef ynmoifqk csD;jr§ifh/

9-7-2004 Ä trsKd;om;nDvmcH acwå&yfem;aMumif;ESifh ajccif;vufcif;omonfh yGifhvif;&moDwGif aemufwpfBudrf jyefvnfusif;yrnfjzpfaMumif; trsKd;om;nDvmcHusif;ya&;aumfr&SifOuú|u &efukefwkdif;? arSmfbDNrKdUe,f? anmifESpfyifpcef;&Sd jynfaxmifpkcef;rwGif ajymMum;/

10-7-2004 Ä jrefrm-*syef jrefrmh½kd;&mvufa0SYNyKdifyGJukd &efukeffNrKdU ok0PÖ&Sd trsKd;om;tm;upm;NyKdifyGJ½kH (1) wGif pwifusif;y/

Ä rauG;wkdif;? *efYa*gc½kdif? aqmNrKdUe,f? ausmufxkNrKdUwGifwnfaqmufxm;aom ajy;vrf;t&Snf 6500 ay? ajy;vrf;tus,f 100 ay&Sdonfh ausmufxkavqdyf zGifhvSpf/

11-7-2004 Ä EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfacgif;aqmifaom jrefrmukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJU cspfMunfa&;c&D;vnfywf&ef w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHokdY xGufcGm/

12-7-2004 Ä Zlvkdifv 11 &ufaeYwGif &efukefNrKdU&Sd tif'kdeD;&Sm;or®wEkdifiHoH½kH;\ oHtrwfBuD;½kH;cef;ü toHzrf;ud&d,mawGU&SdcJhaMumif; azmfjyNyD; owif;rD'D,mtcsKdUu jrefrmEkdifiHtay: pGyfpGJajymqkdrIrsm; ay:aygufcJh&m tqkdygpGyfpGJajymqkdrIrsm; rSefuefrIr&SdaMumif; jrefrmEkdifiH EkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;Xme 'kwd,0efBuD; OD;cifarmif0if;u jrefrmEkdifiHqkdif&m tif'kdeD;&Sm;or®wEkdifiHoHtrwfBuD; rpöwm AD,kdqkd *½kd*sKd0gvfpDwkdtm; awGUqkH&Sif;vif;ajymMum;/

Ä w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHESifh jrefrmEkdifiH tpkd;&wkdYtMum;pD;yGm;a&;ESifh uRrf;usifrItwwfynmqkdif&m yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufa&;oabmwlpmcsKyf? tjynfjynfqkdif&m uGefAif;&Sif;pifwm wnfaqmufa&;pDrHudef;qkdif&mpmvTm? jrefrmEkdifiH

wGif a&tm;vQyfppfvkyfief;pDrHudef;rsm;\ yifrpDrHcsufa&;qGJa&;qkdif&mpmvTm? oefvsif-ausmufwef; pufrIZkeftwGufyifrvkyfief;pDrHcsufqkdif&m pmvTm? w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH\ twkd;rJhacs;aiG &ifrifbD,Grf oef; 50 jzifh &xm;oHvrf;rsm;&,la&;qkdif&mpmvTm? jrefrmEkdifiH qufoG,fa&;? pmwkduf ESifhaMu;eef;0efBuD;XmeESif h w½kwfjynfolYor®wEk di fi Howif;tcsuftvufvkyfief;0efBuD;XmewkdYtMum; owif;tcsuftvufESifh qufoG,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;wGif yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufa&;qkdif&m em;vnfrIpmcRefvTm? trSwf (4) ,l&D;,m;"mwfajrMoZmpuf½kH (wkdufBuD;) wnfaqmufa&; twGufb@maiG jznf hqnf;a&;oabmwlpmcsKy f ? acs;aiGay;qyfa&;jyefvnfn§dEIdif;rI oabmwlpmcsKyf? jrefrmEkdifiHqufoG,fa&;uGef&uf wnfaqmufa&;pDrHudef;twGufaxmufyhHa&;pmcsKyf? waumif;awmifeDu,fowåK prf;oyfwkdif;wma&;ESifh jzpfajrmufEkdifpGrf; avhvma&;vkyfief;oabmwlpmcsKyf? aysmhzwfpuf½kHrsm; wnfaqmuf&eftwGufem;vnfrIpmcRefvTmrsm;ukd ESpfEkdifiHrS wm0ef&SdoltoD;oD;vufrSwftjyeftvSef a&;xkd;vJvS,f/

13-7-2004 Ä ukvor*¾uav;rsm; &efykHaiGtzGJU (UNICEF)

ESifh w&m;½kH;csKyfwkdY yl;aygif;usif;yonfh uav;oli,fw&m;pD&ifa&;? uav;oli,fumuG,fapmifha&Smufa&;qkdif &mtvkyf½kHaqG;aEG;yGJukd &efukefNrKdU urÇmat;apwDvrf;&SdqD'kd;em;[kdw,fü usif;y/

15-7-2004 Ä rav;&Sm;EkdifiHrS Munf;wyfOD;pD;csKyf General

Dato' Seri Mohd Azumi Bin Mohamed ESifh ZeD; OD;aqmifaom tzGJU0ifukd;OD;yg0ifonfh ukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJU cspfMunfa&;c&D;vnfywf&ef jrefrmEkdifiHokdY a&muf&Sd/

Ä xkdif;EkdifiHwGif usif;yrnfh tjynfjynfqkdif&m ax&0g'ESifhr[m,meAk'bmom nDvmcHokdY wufa&muf&ef jrefrmEkdifiHrSoDw*lurÇmhAk'¨wuúokdvf t"dywdq&mawmf a'gufwmt&SifÓPdo& OD;aqmifaom ukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJU &efukefNrKdUrSxGufcGm/

&ufpGJ rSwfwrf ;� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ��

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ��


16-7-2004 Ä The Supply Contract Between Myanmar Posts

and Telecommunication and ZTE Corporation for GSM

System Expansion Project ukd jrefrmEkdifiH qufoG,f a&;?pmwkdufESifh aMu;eef;0efBuD;Xme jrefrmhqufoG,fa&; vkyfief;taxGaxGrefae*sm OD;omOD;ESifh ZTE Corporation Ouú| rpöwm[kda0auGUwkdYESpfOD; w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH &SifusifhNrKdU&Sd&Sifusifh tqifhjrifhenf;ynm pufrIZkefü vufrSwf a&;xkd;pmcsKyfcsKyfqkd/

19-7-2004 Ä 57 ESpfajrmuf tmZmenfaeY tcrf;tem;wGifAkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;\ *lAdrmefü om;BuD;jzpfol OD;atmifqef;OD;ukd,fpm; OD;eef;EG,fuvnf;aumif;? tjcm;aomtmZmenfBuD;rsm;\ *lAdrmefwGif ¤if;wkdY\ rdom;pkrsm;rSvnf;aumif; toD;oD;vGrf;olYyef;acGcs tav;jyK/

Ä ucsifjynfe,f jrpfBuD;em;NrKdUwGif {&m0wDjrpfa&onfESpfaygif; 38 ESpftwGif; 'kwd,tjrifhqkH;a&rSwf 1406pifwDrDwmokdY jrifhwufcJh/

25-7-2004 Ä jrefrmEkdifiH EkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;OD;0if;atmifacgif;aqmifaom jrefrmukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJUtdEd,or®wEkdifiHokdY w&m;0ifc&D;oGm;a&muf&ef &efukefNrKdUrS xGufcGm/

26-7-2004 Ä rEÅav;NrKdUwGif {&m0wDjrpfa& 1373 pifwDrDwm (pkd;&drfa&rSwftxuf 113 pifwDrDwm)okdY a&muf&SdcJhNyD; ,ckwkdif;xGm&&SdrIrSm vGefcJhonfhESpf 30 twGif; tjrifhqkH;jzpfaMumif;? rkd;av0oESifh ZvaA'OD;pD;XmerS xkwfjyefaMunm/

Ä w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH China Hainan Jiayi Machine

Import & Export Co., Ltd. ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH owåKwGif;0efBuD;Xme blrdaA'avhvma&;ESifh "mwfowåK&SmazGa&;OD;pD;XmewkdY aMu;eDESifh tjcm;owåKrsm; &SmazGprf;oyf wkdif;wma&;ESifhjzpfajrmufEkdifpGrf; avhvma&;vkyfief;rsm;ukd ucsifjynfe,f? Aef;armfNrKdUe,f? qifbkd-erfhvDqefvkyfuGuf?ppfukdif;wdkif; ueDNrKdUe,f rkH&GmvkyfuGuf(1)? qm;vif;BuD;NrKdUe,f rkH&GmvkyfuGuf (2)wkdYwGif tusKd;wlyl;aygif;aqmif&Guf&ef oabmwlpmcsKyfukd &efukefNrKdU ukefonfBuD;rsm;[kdw,fü vufrSwfa&;xkd;/

28-7-2004 Ä rEÅav;wdkif; jrif;NcHc½kdif ausmufyef;awmif;NrKdUe,f? wnfyJwJaus;&GmteD; awmifa&acsmif;ay:ü wnf

aqmufxm;aom wrHtjrifh 70 ay? wrHtvsm; 2970 ay&Sdonfh awmifa& (Muufarmufawmifa&ul) a&avSmif wrHzGifhvSpf/

Ä ykdYaqmifa&;0efBuD;Xme jrefrmhavaMumif;ESifh Dawn Light

Ltd., Cathy Aviation Ltd. ESifh Fast Growth Association wkdYAir Myanmar zufpyfavaMumif;vdkif; oabmwlpmcsKyf ukd&efukefNrKdU urÇmat;apwDvrf;&Sd qD'kd;em;[kdw,füvufrSwfa&;xkd;/

29-7-2004 Ä {&m0wDjrpfaMumif;&Sd NrKdUe,ftcsKdU a&ab;tEÅ&m,fBuKH&aMumif;ESifh jrpfBuD;em;NrKdUü pyg;pdkufcif;ESifhtkd;tdrfypönf;tcsKdU qkH;½IH;rI&SdcJhaMumif; ,aeYxkwf EkdifiHykdifowif;pmrsm;wGif azmfjy/

Ä 12 ESpfwkdifwkdif yg;pyf[ír&aom '*kHwuúokdvf 'kwd,ESpf½lyaA'ausmif;om; armifaZ,smatmif (18)ESpftm; jrefrmEkdifiHESifh pifumylEkdifiHwkdYrS aq;ynm&Sifrsm; yl;aygif;NyD;Zlvkdifv 16 &ufaeYwGif cGJpdwfukocJh&m atmifjrifcJhaMumif;,aeYxkwf EkdifiHykdifowif;pmrsm;wGif azmfjy/

30-7-2004 Ä xkdif;EkdifiH befaumufNrKdUü usif;yonfh yxrtBudrfajrmuf bif;rfpwufxdyfoD;tpnf;ta0;okdY jrefrmEkdifiH 0efBuD;csKyf wufa&muf/

7-8-2004 Ä xkdif;EkdifiH pGrf;tif0efBuD;Xme0efBuD; H.E.Mr.

Prommin Lertsuridej OD;aqmifom xkdif;EkdifiH pGrf;tifukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJU &efukefNrKdUokdY a&muf&SdNyD; jrefrmEkdifiH pGrf;tif0efBuD;Xme jrefrmha&eHESifh obm0"mwfaiGUvkyfief;ESifh xkdif;EkdifiH PTTEP International Limited wkdY\ rkwårurf;vGefa'o vkyfuGuftrSwf trf-3 ESifh trf-4 wkdYwGif a&eHESifhobm0"mwfaiGU &SmazGwl;azmfxkwfvkyfa&;vkyfief;rsm;aqmif&Guf&eftwGuf xkwfvkyfrItay: cGJa0cHpm;a&;qkdif&mpmcsKyfrsm;ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH pGrf;tif0efBuD;XmeESifh xkdif;EkdifiHpGrf;tif0efBuD;XmewkdY\ jyefvnfjynfhNzKd;NrJ pGrf;tifu@ESifhpGrf;tifacRwma&;qkdif&mu@wkdYwGif yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufa&;twGuf em;vnfrIpmcRefvTmwkdYukd ESpfEkdifiH wm0ef&Sdolrsm;&efukefNrKdU tif;vsm;uef[kdw,f r*Fvmcef;rwGif vufrSwfa&;xkd;/


12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567891234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678912345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567891234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678912345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789 S O L E D I S T R I B U T O R S

w pf OD ; w nf ; udk ,f pm ; vS ,f1pOfpOf

pOfpOfpOf

ypönf;trnfESihfypönf;trnfESihf

ypönf;trnfESihfypönf;trnfESihfypönf;trnfESihf

udk,fpm;vS,f&,l jzefYjzL;onhf udk,fpm;vS,f&,l jzefYjzL;onhf

udk,fpm;vS,f&,l jzefYjzL;onhf udk,fpm;vS,f&,l jzefYjzL;onhf udk,fpm;vS,f&,l jzefYjzL;onhf

qufoG,f&rnhf qufoG,f&rnhf

qufoG,f&rnhf qufoG,f&rnhf qufoG,f&rnhf

txufjrefrmjynf txufjrefrmjynf

txufjrefrmjynf txufjrefrmjynf txufjrefrmjynf

xkwfvkyfonhf EdkifiH xkwfvkyfonhf EdkifiH

xkwfvkyfonhf EdkifiH xkwfvkyfonhf EdkifiH xkwfvkyfonhf EdkifiH

jrefrmukrÜPDESihf vdyfpm jrefrmukrÜPDESihf vdyfpm

jrefrmukrÜPDESihf vdyfpm jrefrmukrÜPDESihf vdyfpm jrefrmukrÜPDESihf vdyfpm

yk*¾dKvf yk*¾ dKvf

yk*¾ dKvf yk*¾ dKvf yk*¾ dKvf

udk,fpm;vS,fudk,fpm;vS,f

udk,fpm;vS,fudk,fpm;vS,fudk,fpm;vS,f

MYANMAR LAY NYING CO., LTD.

tcef;-6(B3)? 6 xyf? &efuif;pifwm?

q&mpHvrf;ESifh pufrI(1)vrf;axmifh?

A[ef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

zkef;-722863? zufpf-558046

1/

Honei V

Cosmetics

(xkdif;)

a':pE´m0if;

(Assistant SalesManager)

MYANMAR INTERGRAPH

tcef;(7)? taqmif (1)? Myanmar

ICT Park ? wuúokdvfrsm;vIdife,fajr?

vIdifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-652285?

652286? zufpf-652286


2/

REI-HEADSHighway Engineering and

Design System (Software)

(tdE´d,)

OD;aZmfEkdif

(General Manager)

ALPHA BETA INTERNATIONAL

TRADING CO., LTD.

trSwf-15? ajrnDxyf? vrf; 50?

AkdvfwaxmifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

zkef;-297504? 297506


3/

ASUS DVD-Writer

uGefysLwmokH;ypönf;

(xkdif0rf)

a':jrrmvm

(Sales and MarketingManager)

CONCORDIA INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD.

3-5 xyf? a&T*kHyvmZm? a&T*kHwkdif

vrf;qkH? urÇmat;bk&m;vrf;? A[ef;

NrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-544824?

544199? 706642? 720838

zufpf-544199


4/

FUJI XEROX

Laser Printer

(*syef)

a'gufwmoef;0if;

(Managing Director)

MYANMAR NAY MIN TRADINGCO., LTD.

trSwf-120? wwd,xyf? r[mAEKvvrf;?

57 vrf;axmifh? ykZGefawmifNrKdUe,f?

&efukef/ zkef;-202923? zufpf-295061 E-

mail:[email protected]

5/

Aronamin Gold

Multi Active Vitamin

tm;aq;

(ukd&D;,m;)

a':olZmxGef;

(Sales Executive)

r&Sd

r&Sd

FUTURE TECHNOLOGY

trSwf-362? 82 vrf;?

vrf; 30_31 vrf;Mum;?

csrf;at;omZHNrKdUe,f? rEÅav;/

zkef;-02-38141? 443636


CONCORDIA INTERNATIONAL

CO., LTD.

trSwf-5? ajrnDxyf? SY

taqmufttkH? vrf; 30? 77 vrf;

_ 78 vrf;Mum;?

csrf;at;omZHNrKdUe,f? rEÅav;/

zkef;-02-36478? 09-8031373

MYANMAR NAY MIN

TRADING CO., LTD.

'kwd,xyf? 78 vrf;ESifh

26 (B) vrf;axmifh?

rEÅav;/

þwpfOD;wnf;udk,fpm;vS,fu@udk aps;uGuftwGif;&Sd pm;oHk;olrsm;ESihf ukefypönf; xkwfvkyfa&mif;csolrsm;tMum; tcrJh(tcrJh)

0efaqmifrIay;jcif; jzpfygonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHtwGuf wpfOD;wnf;udk,fpm;vS,f &&Sdxm;olrsm;taeESihf owif;tcsuftvufrsm; ay;ydkYygu

tcrJY xnhfoGif;azmfjyay;rnf jzpfygonf/

pOfpOf

pOfpOfpOf

ypönf;trnfESihfypönf;trnfESihf

ypönf;trnfESihfypönf;trnfESihfypönf;trnfESihf

udk,fpm;vS,f&,l jzefYjzL;onhf udk,fpm;vS,f&,l jzefYjzL;onhf

udk,fpm;vS,f&,l jzefYjzL;onhf udk,fpm;vS,f&,l jzefYjzL;onhf udk,fpm;vS,f&,l jzefYjzL;onhf

qufoG,f&rnhf qufoG,f&rnhf

qufoG,f&rnhf qufoG,f&rnhf qufoG,f&rnhf

txufjrefrmjynf txufjrefrmjynf

txufjrefrmjynf txufjrefrmjynf txufjrefrmjynf

xkwfvkyfonhf EdkifiH xkwfvkyfonhf EdkifiH

xkwfvkyfonhf EdkifiH xkwfvkyfonhf EdkifiH xkwfvkyfonhf EdkifiH

jrefrmukrÜPDESihf vdyfpm jrefrmukrÜPDESihf vdyfpm

jrefrmukrÜPDESihf vdyfpm jrefrmukrÜPDESihf vdyfpm jrefrmukrÜPDESihf vdyfpm

yk*¾dKvf yk*¾dKvf

yk*¾dKvf yk*¾dKvf yk*¾dKvf

udk,fpm;vS,fudk,fpm;vS,f

udk,fpm;vS,fudk,fpm;vS,fudk,fpm;vS,f

10/

ECS Motherboard

uGefysLwmokH;ypönf;

(xdkif0rf)

YE YINT CO., LTD.

Lubricants Distribution & Auto Service

ok0PÖtm;^umtdrf&m0if;? oHokrm

vrf;? oCFef;uRef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/

zkef;-701385? 722498

6/

Stallion

Lubricants

(pifumyl)

OD;ausmfausmfvif;

(Director)

7/

daitoStencil Duplicator

pmul;vufvSnfh

(*syef)

MK TRADING CO., LTD.

trSwf-333? jynfvrf;? prf;acsmif;


502887? 504457? zufpf-504870


8/

BLUE DIAMOND

Nut Snacks

(xkdif;)

OD;aumif;Ekdifpkd;

(Sales & MarketingManager)

GRAND WYNN ENTERPRISE LTD.

tcef;-40? 67 vrf;? Akdvfwaxmif


290170? 294045? zufpf-296928

9/

May Flower

rkefYzkwfvkyfief;okH;ypönf;rsm;

(tif'kdeD;&Sm;)

OD;oufcsKdOD;

(General Manager)

r&Sd

DISCOVERY DIGITAL MART

Computer Sales & Services

trSwf-139? ql;avbk&m;vrf;?

(rD;owfteD;)? ausmufwHwm;NrKdUe,f?

&efukef/ zkef;-700215? 243319


OD;rsKd;rif;OD;

(Managing Director)

GRANDAMAR OFFICE MACHINES LTD.

trSwf-18^24? uGrf;NcHvrf;?

atmifqef;tm;upm;uGif;awmifbuf?

r*FvmawmifnGefYNrKdUe,f? &efukef/

zkef;-240319? 373088? 383932?

383934 zufpf-240102? 249865?

253581? E-mail:[email protected]

a':MuLMuL

(Managing Director)

MK TRADING CO., LTD.

trSwf-26^5? 33_34

vrf;Mum;ESifh 83_84

vrf;Mum;? rEÅav;/

zkef;-02-34689? 25875

0if; ½kH;okH;pufvkyfief;

trSwf-74^26?

bk&ifhaemifvrf;? 81_82

vrf;Mum;? rEÅav;/

zkef;-02-36399

GRAND WYNN ENTER-

PRISE LTD.

trSwf-230? 33 vrf;?

81_82 vrf;Mum;?

csrf;at;omZHNrKdUe,f?

rEÅav;/ zkef;-02-32582

r&Sd

9-7-2004Ä xkdif;EkdifiH University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce rS

Dr.Pussadee Palsaram, Associate Dean of Graduate School

acgif;aqmifí tzGJU0if 6 OD;yg Centre for International Trade

Studies (CTTS) ukd,fpm;vS,ftzG JUonf jrefrmEk difiHukefonfrsm;ESifh pufrIvufrIvkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;csKyfrSwm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

10-7-2004Ä jrefrmEkdifiH\ ynma&;u@wGif yl;aygif;aqmif&Guf&ef

&efukefNrKdUü a&muf&Sdaeaom tar&duefEkdifiHrS Myanmar

Youth Association, Teachers Across Borders U.S.A,

People to People Group ESifh Myanmar Women (New York)

tzGJUwkdYukd ukd,fpm;jyKonfh ynm&SiftzGJU0ifrsm;onf EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

12-7-2004Ä EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfonf w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH EkdifiHawmf

aumifpD0efBuD;csKyf rpöwm0rfusm;aygifESifh w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH ayusif;NrKdUwGif awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

Ä w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH cspfMunfa&;c&D;pOfwGif vkdufygoGm;onfh trSwf(1) pufrI0efBuD;Xme 0efBuD;onfvnf;aumif;? v,f,mpkdufysKd;a&;ESifh qnfajrmif;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;onfvnf;aumif;? owåKwGif;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;onfvnf;aumif;? &xm;ykdYaqmifa&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;onfvnf;aumif;? qufoG,fa&;? pmwkdufESifh aMu;eef;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;onfvnf;aumif;? pGrf;tif0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;onfvnf;aumif;? vQyfppfpGrf;tm;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;onfvnf;aumif; w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHrS pD;yGm;a&;tzGJUtpnf;rsm;\Ouú|rsm;? tzGJU0ifrsm;ESifh w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH ayusif;NrKdUwGif toD;oD;awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

13-7-2004Ä EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfonf w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH or®w

rpöwm[lusifawmifESifhvnf;aumif;? w½kwftrsKd;om;jynfolYuGef*&uf tNrJwrf;aumfrwDOuú| rpöwm0lbefukdESifhvnf;aumif;? w½kwfuGefjrLepfygwD ay:vpfAsL½kdtzGJU0ifrpöwmavmf*efESifhvnf;aumif; w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiHayusif;NrKdUwGif toD;oD;awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

14-7-2004Ä EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfonf a[ab;jynfe,f tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;

awG hqHkaqG;aEG;rIrsm; Mr.Luo Qingquan ESifh w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH &Dcsef;NrKdUwGifawGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

15-7-2004Ä cspfMunfa&;c&D; tvnftywfa&muf&Sdaeaom rav;&Sm; EkdifiHrS

Munf;wyfOD;pD;csKyf General Dato' Seri Mohd Azumi Bin

Mohamed ESifhtzGJU0ifrsm;onf EkdifiHawmfat;csrf; om,ma&;ESifhzGHUNzKd;a&;aumifpD 'kwd,Ouú|ESifh awGUqkH aqG;aEG;/

Ä EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfonf &Sef[kdif;NrKdU NrKdUawmf0ef Mr.Han Zheng

ESifh w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH &Sef[kdif;NrKdUwGif awGUqkH aqG;aEG;/Ä trSwf(1) pufrI0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;? ykdYaqmifa&;0efBuD;Xme

0efBuD;? pGrf;tif0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;ESifh vQyfppfpGrf;tm;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;wkdYonf w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH Jsing Daring

Biotechnologies Group rS Ouú| Mr.Yang Yingzhi ESifhw½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH &Sef[kdif;NrKdUwGif awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

Ä qGpfZmvefEkdifiH *sDeDAmNrKdU&Sd uav;oli,ftcGifhta&;qkdif&maumfrwDOuú| e,fomvefEkdifiH uav;oli,f w&m;pD&ifa&;w&m;olBuD;ESifh Oya'ygarmu© Mr.Jaap Doek (Chairman, UN

CRC and Juvenile Judge, Netherlands) onf vlrI0efxrf;?u,fq,fa&;ESifh jyefvnfae&mcsxm;a&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;ESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

16-7-2004Ä EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfonf &SifhusifhNrKdU NrKdUawmf0ef Mr.Li

Hongzhong ESifh w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH &SifhusifhNrKdUwGifawGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

Ä jrefrmEkdifiHokdY tvkyfoabmc&D;tjzpf a&muf&SdaeaomAD,uferfqkd&S,fvpfor®wEkdifiH trsKd;om;jynfolYvTwfawmfrSvlrIa&;aumfrwDOuú| rpöpfik,ifoD[kdifol OD;aqmifonfhukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJUonf EkdifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifhzGHUNzKd;a&;aumifpD twGif;a&;rSL;(1)ESifhvnf;aumif;? EkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;Xme 'kwd,0efBuD;ESifhvnf;aumif;? tvkyform;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;ESifhvnf;aumif; toD;oD; awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

17-7-2004Ä AD,uferf trsKd;om;jynfolYvTwfawmfrS vlrIa&;aumfrwD

Ouú| rpöpfik,ifoD[kdifol OD;aqmifaom tzGJU0if 8 OD;ygukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJUonf vlrI0efxrf;? u,fq,fa&;ESifhjyefvnfae&mcsxm;a&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;ESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

18-7-2004Ä w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH cspfMunfa&;c&D;pOfwGif vkdufyg

awGYqHkaqG;aEG;rIrsm;


oGm;onfh trSwf(1) pufrI0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;? [kdw,fESifhc&D;oGm;vma&;vkyfief;0efBuD;XmeESifh qufoG,fa&;? pmwkduf ESifhaMu;eef;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;? ykdYaqmifa&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD; ESifhvQyfppfpGrf;tm;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;wkdYonf a[mifaumifNrKdU&SdHutchison Telecom ukrÜPDrS Executive Director Mr.Ting

Y.Chen ESifh w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH a[mifaumifNrKdUwGifawGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

20-7-2004Ä &efukefNrKdUwGif a&muf&Sdaeaom *syefEkdifiH atmufvTwfawmf

trwfrsm;jzpfMuonfh Mr.Toshiaki ENDO ? Mr.Ikuzo

SAKURAI ? Mr.Hiromichi WATANABE ? Mr.Ichiro

KAMOSHITA? Mr.Mineichi IWANAGA ? Mr.Hiroshi IMAI

ESifh Mr.Koki HAGINO wkdYonf EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfESifhawGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

21-7-2004Ä jrefrmEkdifiHqkdif&m ygupöwef tpövmrfrpf or®wEkdifiH

oHtrwfBuD; H.E.Mr.Muhammad Nawaz Chaudhry onfe,fpyfa'oESifh wkdif;&if;om;vlrsKd;rsm; zGHUNzKd;wkd;wufa&;ESifhpnfyifom,ma&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;ESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

Ä vmtkdjynfolY'Drkdu&ufwpfor®wEkdifiH 'kwd, EkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD; rpöwmzkefqmAwfbkdzmonf EkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;ESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

22-7-2004Ä pwkw¬tBudrf jrefrm-vmtkd A[kdtqifh e,fpyftmPmykdiftzGJU

tpnf;ta0;okdY wufa&muf&ef &efukefNrKdUwGif a&muf&Sdae aomvmtkdjynfolY'Drkdu&ufwpfor®wEkdifiH 'kwd,EkdifiHjcm; a&;0efBuD;rpöwmzkefqmAwfbkdzmESifh tzGJU0ifrsm;onf vnf;aumif;?*syefE k di fi H vTwfawmftrwfESi f h jrefrm-*syefcspfMunfa&;toif;Ouú| Hon.Mr.Makoto KOGA ESifh *syefEkdifiHvTwfawmftrwfrsm;jzpfMuaom Hon.Mr.Toshihiro NIKAI ?Hon.Mr.Shinya IZUMI ? Hon.Mr.Masaji MATSUYAMA ?Hon.Mr.Kimitaka FUJINO ESifh tzGJU0if rsm;onfvnf;aumif;EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfESifh toD;oD; awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

23-7-2004Ä UN Resident Coordinator and UNDP Representative

Mr.Charles James Petrie ESif h UNICEF Representative

Ms.Carrol C.long onf EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

24-7-2004Ä EkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;onf tdEd,or®wEkdifiH 0efBuD;csKyf

H.E.Dr.Manmohan Singh ESifhvnf;aumif;? tdEd,or®wEkdifiHjynfya&;&m0efBuD;Xme0efBuD; H.E.Mr. Natwar Singh

ESifhvnf;aumif; tdEd,or®wEkdifiH e,l;a'vD NrKdUwGif toD;oD;awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

26-7-2004Ä Mr.P.D.Christ, Sale Director, Fritz Werner Industries (Germany)

ESifh Mr.B.Bieger, Representative, Fritz Werner Industries (Yangon

Branch) wkdYonf EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

27-7-2004Ä &efukefNrKdUwGif a&muf&Sdaeaom tmqD,H taxGaxGtwGif;

a&;rSL;csKyfa[mif; Mr.Rodolfo C.Severino onfvnf;aumif;?b*Fvm;a'h&SfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD; H.E.Air Vice Marshal (Retd.) Altaf Hossain

Choudhury acgif;aqmifonfh ukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJU0ifrsm;onfvnf;aumif; EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfESifh toD;oD; awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

Ä w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH ,leefjynfe,f&Sd China Yunnan Cor-

poration (For International Techno-Economic Cooperation) rSManager Ms.Yang Ya Ping ESif h jrefrmEk difiHqk dif&mw½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH oH½kH;rS Economic & Commercial Coun-

sellor Mr.Tang Uai ESi f htzG J U0ifrsm;onf trSwf(1)pufrI0efBuD;Xme0efBuD;ESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

28-7-2004Ä rav;&Sm;EkdifiH usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD; H.E.Datuk Dr.Chua

Soi Lek onf EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfESifh awGUqkH aqG;aEG;/

30-7-2004Ä yxrtBudrf bif;rfpwuf xdyfoD;tpnf;ta0;okdY wuf

a&muf&ef xkdif;EkdifiHokdY oGm;a&mufonfh EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyf onfxkdif;EkdifiH bk&ifrif;jrwf blrdabmt'lvsm'uf*sfESifh vnf;aumif;?xkdif;EkdifiH0efBuD;csKyf rpöwmoufqif&Sifem0yf ESifhvnf;aumif;xkdif;EkdifiHwGif toD;oD; awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/

31-7-2004Ä EkdifiHawmf0efBuD;csKyfonf xkdif;EkdifiH EkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;Xme

0efBuD; a'gufwmql&muD&wfqwfoD&mxkdif;ESifh xkdif;EkdifiHbefaumufNrKdUwGif awGUqkHaqG;aEG;/


&efukefNrKdUawmf&Sd yk*¾vdupmMunhfwkdufrsm;teuf toif;0ifOD;a&rsm;NyD; pDrHcefYcGJrIpepfuseaom&efukefNrKdUawmf&Sd yk*¾vdupmMunhfwkdufrsm;teuf toif;0ifOD;a&rsm;NyD; pDrHcefYcGJrIpepfuseaom&efukefNrKdUawmf&Sd yk*¾vdupmMunhfwkdufrsm;teuf toif;0ifOD;a&rsm;NyD; pDrHcefYcGJrIpepfuseaom&efukefNrKdUawmf&Sd yk*¾vdupmMunhfwkdufrsm;teuf toif;0ifOD;a&rsm;NyD; pDrHcefYcGJrIpepfuseaom&efukefNrKdUawmf&Sd yk*¾vdupmMunhfwkdufrsm;teuf toif;0ifOD;a&rsm;NyD; pDrHcefYcGJrIpepfuseaompmMunfhwkdufwpfck jzpfonf/pmMunfhwkdufwpfck jzpfonf/pmMunfhwkdufwpfck jzpfonf/pmMunfhwkdufwpfck jzpfonf/pmMunfhwkdufwpfck jzpfonf/

q 1997 ckESpf Zlvkdifv 20 &ufwGif pwif wnfaxmifcJh/q wnfaxmifolrsm;rSm Dr.Adam C.Maung ESifh Tancy June Kadae wkdYjzpfNyD; a'gufwmcspfarmiftm;

*kPfjyKaomtm;jzifh ajr;jzpfolrsm;u wnfaxmifzGifhvSpfjcif;jzpf/q pmMunfhwkdufwGif t*Fvdyfbmomjzifh pmtkyfta&twGuf 5500 ESifh jrefrmbmomjzifh pmtkyfta&twGuf

1000 &SdNyD; bmoma&;pmtkyftenf;i,f yg0if/q jrefrmhtvif;owif;pm? Myanmar Times ? ukrkj'm*sme,f? 7 Days *sme,f? wufvrf;*sme,frsm;? vpOfxkwf

jrefrmr*¾Zif; 31 rsKd;? t*Fvdyfbmomjzifh uav;pmay? t*Fvdyfbmomjzifh vli,fpmayrsm;? jrefrmokw?&opmtkyfrsm;? t*Fvdyfokw? &opmtkyfrsm; pkaqmif;xm;&Sd/

q pmMunfhwkduf0efaqmifrItjyif uav;rsm;twGuf aEG&moDt*Fvdyfpmoifwef;? pmzwfpGrf;&nfNyKdifyGJESifh ESpfpOf aps;a&mif;yGJrsm;jyKvkyfay;avh&Sd/

q pmMunfhwkduf pDrHcefYcGJrIt00ukd a'gufwmcspfarmif\ajr;rsm;? aqGrsKd;rdom;pkrsm;u wm0ef,lBuD;MuyfNyD;apwemh0efxrf;rsm;\tiftm;jzifh vnfywfvsuf&Sd/

q 2003 ckESpfukeftxd toif;0ifaygif; 952 OD;&SdNyD; toif;0ifaMu; 100 usyfESifh ESpfpOfaMu; 500 usyfom usoifh/q pmMunfhwkdufukd naeykdif;wGifom

zGif hvSpfNyD; zGif hvSpfcs defrsm;rSmatmufygtwkdif;jzpf/- t*FgaeYrS aomMumaeYtxd nae4 em&DrS 8;30- paeaeY eHeuf 9 em&DrS 12 em&Dxd

q qufoG,f&efvdyfpmqufoG,f&efvdyfpmqufoG,f&efvdyfpmqufoG,f&efvdyfpmqufoG,f&efvdyfpm

a'gufwmcspfarmifpmMunfhwkduf

trSwf-298? BuKdUukef; 1 vrf;?

ta&SUBuKdUukef;? tif;pdefNrKdUe,f?

&efukef/

zkef;-641613? 641934

tttttxif&Sm;ausmfMum;jrefrmhpD;yGm;xif&Sm;ausmfMum;jrefrmhpD;yGm;xif&Sm;ausmfMum;jrefrmhpD;yGm;xif&Sm;ausmfMum;jrefrmhpD;yGm;xif&Sm;ausmfMum;jrefrmhpD;yGm;

2004. SEPTEMBER. LivingColour.127

jrefrmvli,frsm; pkaygif;í wnfaxmifxm;onfh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;teuf txif&Sm;qkH;?jrefrmvli,frsm; pkaygif;í wnfaxmifxm;onfh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;teuf txif&Sm;qkH;?jrefrmvli,frsm; pkaygif;í wnfaxmifxm;onfh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;teuf txif&Sm;qkH;?jrefrmvli,frsm; pkaygif;í wnfaxmifxm;onfh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;teuf txif&Sm;qkH;?jrefrmvli,frsm; pkaygif;í wnfaxmifxm;onfh pmMunfhwkdufrsm;teuf txif&Sm;qkH;?tatmif jrifqkH;ESifh pmtkyftpkHqkH; pmMunfhwkdufjzpfonf/tatmif jrifqkH;ESifh pmtkyftpkHqkH; pmMunfhwkdufjzpfonf/tatmif jrifqkH;ESifh pmtkyftpkHqkH; pmMunfhwkdufjzpfonf/tatmif jrifqkH;ESifh pmtkyftpkHqkH; pmMunfhwkdufjzpfonf/tatmif jrifqkH;ESifh pmtkyftpkHqkH; pmMunfhwkdufjzpfonf/

q 2002 ckESpf ZGefv 9 &ufwGif pwifwnfaxmifcJhaom Non-Profit Library wpfckjzpf/q vli,frsm; pmzwfjcif;jzifh ynmA[kokwwkd;wufvmap&efESifh EkdifiHwumtqifhjrifhynm&yfrsm; avhvm

qnf;yl;Ekdif&eftwGuf vkdtyfaom Standardized Test rsm;jzpfonfh TOEFL, SAT uJhokdYaom Test rsm;ajzqkd&ef vkdtyfaompmtkyfrsm;ukd tvG,fwul avhvmEkdif&ef&nf&G,f/

q Test pmtkyfrsm;? bmom&yfqkdif&mpmtkyfrsm;? Video Tape ? CD rsm;? uufqufacGrsm; iSm;&rf;Ekdif/q pmMunfhwkdufzGifhcsdefrSm aomMum? pae? we*FaEG? wevFmaeYrsm;jzpfNyD; zGifhcsdefrSm rGef;vGJ 1 em&DrS nae

5 em&Dtxd jzpfonf[k od&/q ,aeYtxd pmMunfhwkduftoif;0ifaygif; 200 cefY &Sd[kod&/q ICE YOUTH u t"du pmtkyfrsm; axmufyHhaeaomtzGJUtpnf;rSm rMumao;rDu jrefrmEkdifiHokdY vma&muf

vnfywfNyD; tpkd;&ykdif;ESifh awGUqkHaqG;aEG;cJhaom Myanmar Youth Association (U.S.A) rS jzpfonf[kod&/

q ICE YOUTH pmMunfhwkduf\pDrHcefYcGJrIt00udk r[dkar;&Sif;ESifh udkjynfhjzdK;wdkYrS wm0ef,lxm;onf[kod&/q qufoG,f&efvdyfpm-

trSwf-124^126? yef;qdk;wef;vrf; (tv,fbavmuf)? ausmufwHwm;jrdKYe,f? &efukef/www.iceyouth.com




jrefrmEkdifiH\ wpfckwnf;aom tpkd;&r[kwfonfh ynma&;0efaqmifrItzGJUtpnf;ESifh oufwrf;jrefrmEkdifiH\ wpfckwnf;aom tpkd;&r[kwfonfh ynma&;0efaqmifrItzGJUtpnf;ESifh oufwrf;jrefrmEkdifiH\ wpfckwnf;aom tpkd;&r[kwfonfh ynma&;0efaqmifrItzGJUtpnf;ESifh oufwrf;jrefrmEkdifiH\ wpfckwnf;aom tpkd;&r[kwfonfh ynma&;0efaqmifrItzGJUtpnf;ESifh oufwrf;jrefrmEkdifiH\ wpfckwnf;aom tpkd;&r[kwfonfh ynma&;0efaqmifrItzGJUtpnf;ESifh oufwrf;t&SnfqkH; ynma&;r*¾Zif;jzpfonfh ynmwefaqmifr*¾Zif; xkwfa0onfhtzGJUtpnf; jzpfonf/t&SnfqkH; ynma&;r*¾Zif;jzpfonfh ynmwefaqmifr*¾Zif; xkwfa0onfhtzGJUtpnf; jzpfonf/t&SnfqkH; ynma&;r*¾Zif;jzpfonfh ynmwefaqmifr*¾Zif; xkwfa0onfhtzGJUtpnf; jzpfonf/t&SnfqkH; ynma&;r*¾Zif;jzpfonfh ynmwefaqmifr*¾Zif; xkwfa0onfhtzGJUtpnf; jzpfonf/t&SnfqkH; ynma&;r*¾Zif;jzpfonfh ynmwefaqmifr*¾Zif; xkwfa0onfhtzGJUtpnf; jzpfonf/

q vufaxmufynmrif;BuD;(tNidrf;pm;) OD;xGef;atmifu1952 ckESpfwGif pwifwnfaxmif/

q 1952 ckESpf Zefe0g&DvrSpí ynmwefaqmifr*¾Zif;ukdvpOf ykHrSefxkwfa0cJh/

q ,cktcg ynmwefaqmifr*¾Zif;apmifa& 42ç000 ukdvpOf xkwfa0vsuf&Sd[kqkd/

q ,ckvuf&Sd ynmwefaqmiftzGJU\Ouú| tajccHynmOD;pD;Xme nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf(tNidrf;pm;) OD;oef;OD;tygt0if tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJU0ifaygif; 21 OD;&Sd/

q trIaqmiftzGJU? pmaytzGJU? ykHESdyfpuftzGJU? pmMunfhwkdufpDrHcefYcGJa&;tzGJUrsm;yg zGJUpnf;xm;NyD; Local NGO

wpfcktoGifjzifh ynma&;0efaqmifrIrsm; aqmif&Gufae/q ukvor*¾uav;oli,frsm; &efykHaiGtzGJU (UNICEF)

rS ykHESdyfpufESifh puúLrsm; arwåmjzifh yHhykd;ay;vsuf&SdaMumif; od&/q 1995 ckESpfwGif UNICEF ESifh yl;aygif;í ASEAN Regional Seminar on Education for All ukd &efukefNrKdUwGif

usif;yjyKvkyfcJh/q 1999 ckESpfrSpí UNICEF ESifh yl;aygif;í Early Childhood Care and Development Project (ECCD) pDrHudef;ukd

taumiftxnfazmfvsuf&Sd/

q 25-11-1979 wGif wnfaxmifol OD;xGef;atmif uG,fvGefonfh 10 ESpfjynfhtxdrf;trSwftjzpfjzifh ynmwefaqmifpmMunfhwkdufukd wnfaxmifcJh/

q ,if;pmMunfhwkdufwGif ynm&Sifrsm;? ynma&;okawoDrsm;? ynmwefaqmiftkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJU0ifrsm;? r*¾Zif;pmwnf;rsm;ESifh r*¾Zif;aqmif;yg;&Sifrsm;om iSm;&rf;zwf½IEkdifNyD; avmavmq,f pmtkyfta&twGuf 16ç768 &Sd/

q qufoG,f&efvdyfpm-qufoG,f&efvdyfpm-qufoG,f&efvdyfpm-qufoG,f&efvdyfpm-qufoG,f&efvdyfpm-

ynmwefaqmifynmwefaqmifynmwefaqmifynmwefaqmifynmwefaqmiftrSwf-3? &efatmifvrf;?prf;acsmif;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-510917

ynmwefaqmif



jrefrmEkdifiHü yxrOD;qkH; puf½kHvma&mufwnfaxmifum tvif;rSefbDvljrefrmEkdifiHü yxrOD;qkH; puf½kHvma&mufwnfaxmifum tvif;rSefbDvljrefrmEkdifiHü yxrOD;qkH; puf½kHvma&mufwnfaxmifum tvif;rSefbDvljrefrmEkdifiHü yxrOD;qkH; puf½kHvma&mufwnfaxmifum tvif;rSefbDvljrefrmEkdifiHü yxrOD;qkH; puf½kHvma&mufwnfaxmifum tvif;rSefbDvl;;;;; (Lens) trsdK;rsKd;trsdK;rsKd;trsdK;rsKd;trsdK;rsKd;trsdK;rsKd;xkwfvkyfí jynfyaps;uGufokdY wifykdYvsuf&Sdaom EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIukrÜPD jzpfonf/xkwfvkyfí jynfyaps;uGufokdY wifykdYvsuf&Sdaom EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIukrÜPD jzpfonf/xkwfvkyfí jynfyaps;uGufokdY wifykdYvsuf&Sdaom EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIukrÜPD jzpfonf/xkwfvkyfí jynfyaps;uGufokdY wifykdYvsuf&Sdaom EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIukrÜPD jzpfonf/xkwfvkyfí jynfyaps;uGufokdY wifykdYvsuf&Sdaom EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIukrÜPD jzpfonf/

: a[mifaumiftajcpkduf Great China Enterprise Co., Ltd. u wnfaxmifxm;onfh &mEIef;jynfh EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;

jr§KyfESHrIukrÜPDjzpfonf/

: 2002 ckESpf Ekd0ifbmvwGif jrefrmEkdifiH &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIaumfr&Sif\ cGifhjyKcsufjzifh 2003 ckESpf rwfvwGif puf½kH wnfaqmufcJhNyD;2004 ckESpf Zlvkdifv 1 &ufaeYwGif pwif zGifhvSpfcJhonf/

: rdcifukrÜPD\Ouú|rSm Ms.Helen Florence ? tkyfcsKyfrI'g½kdufwmrSm Mr.Erich Chen ? jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd ukrÜPD\ 'g½kdufwmrSmMr. Wiseman Hsu ? puf½kH'g½kdufwmrSm Mr.Huang Qiang wkdYjzpfNyD; w½kwfvlrsKd; uRrf;usifynm &Sif 27 OD;tygt0if0efxrf;tiftm;pkpkaygif; 478 OD; &Sdonf/

: Digital Camera, Camera, Microscope, Video Camera, DVD Camera ponfwkdYtwGuf tvif;rSefbDvl; (Lens)

trsKd;tpm;aygif; 200 ausmfukd xkwfvkyfay;vsuf &Sdonf/

: ukefMurf;ypönf;rSefrsm;ukd w½kwf? *syefESifh xkdif;EkdifiHwdkYrS wifoGif;&,lonf/

ukrÜPDESifh pufrIvufrIvkyfief;rsm; rdwfquf


: pufypönf;rsm;ukd w½kwfESifh *syefEkdifiHwkdYrS wifoGif;NyD; w½kwfenf;ynmjzifh xkwfvkyfonf/

: Curve Generating, Grinding, Polishing, Centering, Coating ESifh Cementing [líxkwfvkyfrItqifhajcmufqifh &SdNyD; wpfaeYvQif 0efxrf;tiftm; okH;qdkif;cGJí xkwfvkyfonf/

: &&Sdvmaom ukefacsmypönf;rsm;ukd w½kwfEkdifiHaps;uGufokdY wifykdYonf/

: rSm,laom Order ta&twGuftvkduf xkwfvkyfay;EkdifNyD; ZlvkdifvwpfvtwGif; &nfrSef;yrmP rSefcsyfa& 968ç000ausmfteuf trSefwu,f xkwfvkyfay;cJhonfh yrmPrSm rSefcsyfa& 539ç000 ausmf &SdcJhonf[k qkdonf/

: ukd,fykdifrD;puftjzpf jrif;aumifa& 1080 HP &Sd Generator wyfqifxm;&SdNyD; puf½kH{&d,m tus,ft0ef;rSm 29040pwk&ef;rDwm &Sdonf/

: &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIyrmPrSm tar&duefa':vm 12ç880ç000 cefY&Sdonf[k od&onf/

: enf;ynmvTJajymif;ay;Ekdif&efESifh ajymqkdqufqHa&;tqifajyap&ef w½kwfbmompum; uRrf;usifaom jrefrm0efxrf;rsm; OD;pm;ay;cefYxm;NyD; 0efxrf;rsm;\ usef;rma&;? pm;aomufa&;ESifh aexkdifa&;wkdYukd ukrÜPDrSyifwm0ef,lpDpOfay;onf[k qkdonf/

: w½kwfjynfolYor®wEkdifiH cseftrf;NrKdUESifh uGrfwkHjynfe,f wkHuGrfNrKdUwkdYwGif rdcifukrÜPD\ puf½kHcGJrsm; zGifhvSpfxm;&Sdonf/

: qufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifhh hh h ukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpm

OD;0if;Ekdif(refae*sm)General Affair Department

Myanmar Asia Optical Int'l Co., Ltd.

tuGuftrSwf-A2-3 ? r*Fvm'kHpufrIZkef?(r*Fvm'kHO,smOfNrKdUawmfteD;)?trSwf (3) vrf;rBuD;? r*Fvm'kHNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-639032? 639033? 639034? 639035? 639072? 706972zufpf-639034? 639035E-mail:[email protected]


um;trsKd;tpm;um;trsKd;tpm;um;trsKd;tpm;um;trsKd;tpm;um;trsKd;tpm; armf',farmf',farmf',farmf',farmf',f tu©&m aps;EIef; tu©&m aps;EIef; tu©&m aps;EIef; tu©&m aps;EIef; tu©&m aps;EIef;(odef;)(odef;)(odef;)(odef;)(odef;)

Suzuki Wagon R+ (4c)(tjzLa&mif^ypönf;pk H) 190Suzuki Wagon R+ (4c)(tjzLa&mif^ypönf;rpk H) 180Suzuki Wagon R+ (5c)(ZD;a&mif) 245Suzuki Wagon R+ (5c)(tjyma&mif) 240Corolla 1.5 Limited 86/87 (1u) 165Corolla 1.5 Limited 88/89 (1u) 170Corolla 1.5 Limited 88/89 (1c) 210Corolla 1.5 Limited 90/91 (1u) 180Corolla 1.5 Limited 90/91 (1c) 220Corolla 1.5 Limited 92/93 (1c) 260Corolla 1.8 Van ('DZ,f) 86/87 (1u) 140Corolla 1.8 Van ('DZ,f) 86/87 (1c) •150Corolla 1.8 Van ('DZ,f) 88/89 (1u) 150Corolla 1.8 Van ('DZ,f) 88/89 (1c) 220Corolla 1.8 Van ('DZ,f) 90/91 (1u) 235Corolla 1.8 Van ('DZ,f) 90/91 (1c) 255Corolla 2.0 Van ('DZ,f) 92/93 (1c) 270Corolla 1.5 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 86/87 (1u) 165Corolla 1.5 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 86/87 (1c) 170Corolla 1.5 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 88/89 (1u) 150Corolla 1.5 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 88/89 (1c) 190Corolla 1.5 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 90/91 (1u) 200Corolla 1.5 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 90/91 (1c) 210Corolla 1.5 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 92/93 (1c) 245Corolla 1.3 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 86/87 (1u) 165Corolla 1.3 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 86/87 (1c) 175Corolla 1.3 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 88/89 (1c) 185Corolla 1.3 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 90/91 (1u) 200

Corolla 1.3 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 90/91 (1c) 205Corolla 1.3 Dx Van ("mwfqD) 92/93 (1c) 230Toyota Corona 2.0 Van ('DZ,f)90/91 (1c) 220Toyota Publica 86/87 (1u) 85Toyota Publica 86/87 (1c) 96Toyota Publica 88 (1u) 85Toyota Publica 88 (1c) 100Sunny Pick-up 86/87 (1u) 75Sunny Pick-up 90/91 (1u) 80Sunny Super Salloon (1.5)86/87 (1) 160Sunny Super Salloon (1.5)86/87 (1c) 175Sunny Super Salloon (1.5)88/89 (1u) 135Sunny Super Salloon (1.5)88/89 (1c) 150Sunny Super Salloon (1.5)90/91 (1u) 160Sunny Super Salloon (1.5)90/91 (1c) 205Marlk II Groire("mwfqD)(2.0)(Auto) 94/95 (2c) 510Marlk ll Groire ('DZ,f)(2.4) 94/95 (2c) 590Marlk ll Groire ('DZ,f)(2.4) 94/95 (1c) 430Marlk ll Grande ("mwfqD)(2.0)(Auto) 94/95 (1c) 455CELSIOR (4.0) 93/94 (3c) 425CROWN MAJESTA (4.0) 96/97 (1c) 650PAJERO V46 (2.8) 96 (2c) 950TOYOTA LANDCRUISER (4.6) 99 (3c) 1200TOYOTA LANDCRUISER (4.7) 98 (3c) 1300TOYOTA PRADO (3.0) 96TZ (3c) 850TOYOTA PRADO (2.4D)92 (3c) 550HILUX (DOUBLE CAB) (3.0) 98 (3c) 580HILUX (DOUBLE CAB) (2.4) 98 (3c) 460HILUX (DOUBLE CAB) (2.895 (3c) 420HILUX SURF (3.0) 97 (3c) •450

um;aps;EIef; Zlvkdifvqef;ü ½kwfw&uf wufoGm;cJhaomfvnf; Mo*kwfvqef;ü jyefvnfusqif;vmcJhonf/ um;aps;EIef; Zlvkdifvqef;ü ½kwfw&uf wufoGm;cJhaomfvnf; Mo*kwfvqef;ü jyefvnfusqif;vmcJhonf/ um;aps;EIef; Zlvkdifvqef;ü ½kwfw&uf wufoGm;cJhaomfvnf; Mo*kwfvqef;ü jyefvnfusqif;vmcJhonf/ um;aps;EIef; Zlvkdifvqef;ü ½kwfw&uf wufoGm;cJhaomfvnf; Mo*kwfvqef;ü jyefvnfusqif;vmcJhonf/ um;aps;EIef; Zlvkdifvqef;ü ½kwfw&uf wufoGm;cJhaomfvnf; Mo*kwfvqef;ü jyefvnfusqif;vmcJhonf/ FEC jzijzijzijzijzifhf hf hf hf hvpmaiG&&Sdolrsm; jyifywGif usyf 930 jzifh vJvS,faeaMumif; od&onf/ tajccHpm;aomufukefrsm; aps;EIef;tajymif;vpmaiG&&Sdolrsm; jyifywGif usyf 930 jzifh vJvS,faeaMumif; od&onf/ tajccHpm;aomufukefrsm; aps;EIef;tajymif;vpmaiG&&Sdolrsm; jyifywGif usyf 930 jzifh vJvS,faeaMumif; od&onf/ tajccHpm;aomufukefrsm; aps;EIef;tajymif;vpmaiG&&Sdolrsm; jyifywGif usyf 930 jzifh vJvS,faeaMumif; od&onf/ tajccHpm;aomufukefrsm; aps;EIef;tajymif;vpmaiG&&Sdolrsm; jyifywGif usyf 930 jzifh vJvS,faeaMumif; od&onf/ tajccHpm;aomufukefrsm; aps;EIef;tajymif;tvJ tenf;i,f&Sdonf/tvJ tenf;i,f&Sdonf/tvJ tenf;i,f&Sdonf/tvJ tenf;i,f&Sdonf/tvJ tenf;i,f&Sdonf/

um;ap s ;E Ie f ; (7-8-2004)

2004? Mo*kwfv yxrywftwGif; jzpfay:cJhaom ukefaps;EIef;rsm;


ukefaps;EIef; owif;

HILUX SURF (3.0) 94 (3c) 480

* txufygum;rsm;onf tu©&may:rlwnfí aps;twuftus&Sdonf/

* um;a[mif;rsm;jzpfonfhtwGuf um;tajctaeay:rlwnfí aps;uGmjcm;onf/

wDADa&mifpkHrsm;(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; armf',farmf',farmf',farmf',farmf',f t&G,ft&G,ft&G,ft&G,ft&G,f EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)DISTAR 2150 (Flat) 21" 150ç000DISTAR 2130 (STEREO) 21" 130ç000DISTAR 2947 29" 280ç000DISTAR 2545 25" 210ç000ELBA ETV 21 CT 21" 135ç000ELBA ETV 14 CT 14" 285ç000Toshiba 21 S3 21" 160ç000Toshiba 29 A3 29" 295ç000SANYO 21KX8 21" 160ç000SANYO 21 AF8VA 21" 195ç000SANYO 29 KX5 29" 320ç000SANYO 14KX8 14" 110ç000Star 21TI 21" 148ç800Star 29TI 29" 294ç000Samsung CS-15K8S 15" 254ç000Samsung CS-29V10 29" 304ç300

a&cJaowÅmrsm;(4-4-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; armf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ff EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)HQ (CANCOOLER) 405

440ç000

DISTAR 960A 125ç000SANYO SR421 105ç000Panasonic 184 H 135ç000Panasonic 184 W 145ç000SANYO 152C 130ç000SANYO 159C 145ç000SANYO 163C 150ç000

SANYO 163CQ 155ç000

SANYO 470 160ç000

ELBA EFR 220 145ç000

ELBA ER 252 239ç000

ELBA ER 268 299ç000

ELBA ER 298 339ç000

ELBA ER 524 119ç000TOSHIBA 22SPT 280ç000TOSHIBA 37ST 340ç000TOSHIBA 46ST 420ç000

TOSHIBA 18YD 145ç000Star RD-18DR4HA 200ç800Star RD-22WR4HB 222ç400LG 222 140ç000

VCD jypuf(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; armf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ff EIef;(usyf) EIef;(usyf) EIef;(usyf) EIef;(usyf) EIef;(usyf)

Samsung 870 49ç500

Samsung Z10 MM 42ç000

Samsung 30 Me 51ç000

DISTAR 2217K 38ç000

DVD jypuf(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; armf',farmf',farmf',farmf',farmf',f EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)

SAMSUNG 438K 90ç000SAMSUNG 338 K 73ç000SAMSUNG 218 58ç000SAMSUNG 339 55ç000Star 818B 62ç400

avat;pufrsm;(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; armf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ff EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)

SANYO 92G 270ç000SANYO 122G 370ç000SANYO 182G 560ç000SANYO 99G 195ç000SANYO 123S 260ç000SANYO 183S 430ç000

SANYO 131S 450ç000

SANYO 181 G 550ç000

ELBA EWAC 0912 1ç890ç000

ELBA EWAC 1212 150ç000

ELBA ESAC 0922 200ç000

ELBA ESAC 1222 300ç000

FRESH FS 13R (1.5) 420ç000

FRESH FUF 018 (2.0) 662ç800FRESH FG 25 (3.0) 1ç547ç000FRESH CS 38R(4.0) 2ç352ç000FRESH CS 44R(5.0) 2ç537ç000


ukefaps;EIef; owif;

Star MS-13/AS-1203T 256ç700Star MS-10/AS-0903T 221ç200

t0wfavQmfpufrsm;(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; armf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ffarmf',ff EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)SANYO W 80 SIT 200ç000SANYO 450 FT 145ç000ELBA EWF 656 315ç000ELBA EWF 562 562ç000SANYO 256T 120ç000SANYO 91 AT 220ç000Star WS-22LA 119ç600Star WS-22LA 90ç500

a[mvpf? rmwkdbm? rdkifvkd?tkdAmwif;? aumfzDrpf (vufvD)

(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; EIef;(usyf) EIef;(usyf) EIef;(usyf) EIef;(usyf) EIef;(usyf)

Horlick (900g) 4300

Horlick (200g) (tdEd,) 1350

Horlick(aumfbl;BuD;)1.80kg 6400

Junior Horlick (400 g) 2100

Milo (400g) puúL Box 1450

Milo (400g) (oHbl;) 1550

Maltova (400g) (eD) 2150

MILK Tea mix (30 xkyf0if) 950

MIKE Coffee mix (50 xkyf0if) 2000

OWL Coffee mix (30 xkyf0if) 1400

OWL (Tea mix ) (30 xkyf0if) 1500

ENERGY (Nutrious Ceareal ) (30xkyf0if) 1300

NESCAFE (Red Cup)(200g) 2550

NESCAFE (Red Cup)(100g) (cJxkyf) 1050

NESCAFE (Red Cup) (50g) 850

Super(Diet Cereal)(20 xkyf0if) 1780

Super(DietCoffemix)(20 xkyf0if) 1750

Super Coffee Mix(30 xkyf0if) 1450

Super Coffee Mix(25 xkyf0if) 1250

Royal Myanmar (Tea Mix)(30 xkyf0if) 1580

Super One(Coffee Mix) (50 xkyf0if) 2500

Special Cereal (20 xkyf0if) 1300

Ben Cafe (10 xkyf0if) 470

Ben Cafe (50 xkyf0if) 2370

Goldroast (50 xkyf0if) 2280

Hi Tea (20 xkyf0if) 1050

Mikko (C0ffee Mix) (20 xkyf0if) 900

Ovaltine (400g) eD 1750

Ovaltine (200g) eD 1100

Ovaltine (450g) (puúLbl;) 1350

Maltova (450g) (acsmhuvuf) 2080

Calsome(Nutrious Cereal) (30xkyf0if) 1300

BLUE Coffemix (24 xkyf0if) 1000

PREMIER COFFEE (30xkyf0if) 1450

Coffee King (50xkyf0if) 1850

Tang vdar®mfrIefY 750g 2550

Mother Horlicks 500g 3100

Boost 500g 2200

Ovaltine 400g (jzL) 1900

Ovaltine 200g (jzL) 1100

Ovaltine 400g (puúLAl;) 1750

Gold Hill Mashed Potatoes (10 xkyf 1 yguif) 1100

EkdhrIefhbl;rsm;(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)

Dumex (Step 1,2)(900g) 6150^6000

Dumex (700g)(Segara) (eD)cJxkyf 4400Promex (900g) 4400Promex (400g) 1800Dumex (3plus)(700g) 5050Dumex (Step-1/2)(450g) 3450SMA (1kg) 8700Dumex Step 1,2 800g 5050^5000Dumex 1Plus 700g 4900Dumex 1Plus (Hone 5000Dumex Ma Ma Pl 5400Dumex Lactose free 400g 5400Blue Star 400g 1800Blue Star 900g 3800Blue Star 1.8 Kg 7300Blue Star 2.5 Kg 10400Cow head full cream 1.8 Kg 9800Cow head full cream 2.5 Kg 13800vufwkd*sif 1000 g 1,2 6150^6000Nestle BEAR BRAND 1 Plus 800g 3100


ukefaps;EIef; owif;

NestleBEARBRAND3Plus800g3100Fermteaf 1 Plus 700g cJxkyf 4600Fernteaf 3 Plus 700g 4600Fernteaf INSTANT 700g 4600

pD;u&ufrsm;

(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)Vegas 290Vegas (Light) 290Export Duya 90London (½kd;½kd;) 450555 1050Marlboro (Light) 1150MILD SEVEN 950DUYA a&Ta&mif 170Golden Triangle 160Paris 180Lucky 90555 (Lights) 1050MILD SEVEN (Lights) 950DUNHILL 1100MarlboroMarlboro(MENTHOL)1150

RAVE 400

EkdifiHjcm; t&ufrsm;(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)J&BJet(75 CI)(12Years Old) 7500CHIVAS (75 Cl) 16500Hennessy(V.S.O.P)(35 CI) 26500Hennessy(V.S.O.P)(70 CI) 36300VAT 69 (75 CI) 6700Jonnie Walker (Red)(75 CI) 7800Jonnie Walker (Red)(37.5CI) 4600Jonnie Walker (Black)(20 CI) 5200Jonnie Walker (Black)(37.5 CI) 8300Jonnie Walker (Black)(75 CI) 16100Jonnie Walker(Black)(1Liter) 19000LANGS(Aged 5 Years)(75 CI) 8800Black & White (1Liter) 8800Black & White (75 CI) 6700Gold Label (75 CI) 25500Green Label (75 CI) 24500Black & White (37.5CI) 3650Black Cat (75 CI) 4200

Black Cat (35 CI) 1800WHITE & MACKAY 75Cl 9400CAMUS COGNAC 10000DALMORE 75CI 8300SCOTS CLUB 75CI 5300SCOTTISH LEADER 5500Blue Label 83000BACARDI (75 CI)Limon 6600BACARDI (75 CI)a&Ta&mif^tjzLa&mif 8300(KINGROBERT)VODKA75CL5000(KING ROBERT) Gin 75CL 3900(KINGROBERT)Whisky75CL4800BACADI (375mI) 4100SPY(CLASSIC)(Red) (Wine) 700VAT 69(1Liter) 8800Mekhong (75 CL) 3500Mekhong (37.5 CL) 1400THEFAMOUSGROUSE75CL10000INVER HOUSE 75 CL 7200TOMINTOUL 75 CL 9000PASSOPRT SCOTCH 75CI 8300

rkefhykH; oHbl;rsm;(4-8-2004)

Starkist 2800

rdom;pk 3050MELODIES 3150(HWA TAI) FRUIT WAGON 2900Popcorn Crackers 3000Cream Crackers(Hup Seng) 3500Vidory 2400(TATAWA) Wonderful 2800(KHIAN GUAN) Top Choice 3150(HWA TA) Choice 2800(KWA TA) Festival 2450(KERK) LINGO 2200(Munchys) Fummix 2800(Munchys) Topmix 2800ALL Time 2750ALWAYS 2700WAWASAN 2550Break Away 2700Four SEOSONS 2700Time's Right 2700Summer Day 2800(Shan Fatl) City 2400Happy Day 2800

Cheeris 2850(julie's) Family 2450

(Julie's) Assorties 2450

acgufqGJajcmufrsm;(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm; EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)EIef;(usyf)Yum Yum (Muufaygif) 75Yum Yum csOfpyf(ykpGef) 85Yum Yum (bJom;qDcsuf) 80Yum Yum (oD;pkHacgufqGJ) 75TOMO tkef;EkdY 110TOMO ukd&D;,m;csOfpyf 100TOMO tokyf 100TOMO MuufjyKwf 80TOMO MuufqDcsuf 100MAMEE MumqH 120Yum Yum (Snack) 60MAMEE (½kd;½kd;)(qDcsuf) 75MAMEE(Monster) 60MAMEE (Muufom;csOfpyf) 75MAMEE (MuufacgufqGJjyKwf) 70MAMEE (bJom;acgufqGJjyKwf) 70

MAMEE (Muufom;qDcsufacgufqGJ) 80MAMEE (oufowfvGwfacgufqGJjyKwf) 70MAMEE (oufowfvGwfqDcsuf) 75NISSIN acgufqGJ 350MA MA (csOfpyfacgufqGJjyKwf) 90Wai Wai (MumqH) (jym) 150Shin Shin (MumqH) 100Yum Yum ykpGefrvkdifcsOfpyf 90Yum Yum Muufom;csOfpyf 90MAMEE tkef;EkdYacgufqGJ 110MAMEE ykpGefrvkdifcsOfpyf 110Fashion Food acgufqGJbl; 330MA MA n§yfacgufqGJ(pdrf;) 140MA MA n§yfacgufqGJ(eD) 140

oGm;wkdufaq;rsm;(4-8-2004)


Best-T (125g) 450CoIgate (40g) DoubIe CooI Stripe 250CoIgate (150g) DoubIe CooI Stripe 1000Kiss Me 200Close-Up (New)(40g) 220


ukefaps;EIef; owif;

Close-Up (160g) 950DARLIE (200g) 1050V5 Pepsodent (70g) 200LASER 300Miss Dental (50 g) 320CoIgate Fresh Cool Mint 200g 1000CoIgate Great Regular 200g 1000CoIgate Total Fresh Stripe 160g 1800CoIgate Whitening 160g 1450CoIgate gel (pdrf;) 160g 1000KODOMO 80g 1250ORALMED 40g 600ZACT LION 90g 750Fresh & White Gel 100g 600Smite Up 105g 500w½kwfoGm;wkdufaq; bl;jymBuD; 130w½kwfoGm;wkdufaq; bl;jymao; 80Fresh Up 160g 560

ukd,fwkdufqyfjymrsm;(4-8-2004)


Imperial Leather (70g) 150Imperial Leather (125g) 250

Royal Beauty 450

arT; 90GIV (80g) 150Style (75g) 100Dettol (70g) 250Miss 1301 Plus 1 110DOVE 500Cija 190Protex 370O'nice 100g 600Bamboo Salt 750Say 100g 700PRICKLYHEAT 750YOKOWHITENINGHerbal110g 680Vaseline HARMONY 100g 300PREMIER 100g 280Safeguard 90g 500Fa 2 in 1 100g 520ASEPSO 400CAMAY 500Palmaive tMunf 350(Cussons) Pearl 100g 250

Fair & Lovely 75g 430LUX 100g 200KAO 270Parrot 120CINTHOL 150Flore 90g 170Paris 135g 210Paris 90g 140A21 (euf)70g 150

A21 (euf)125g 230

jcifaq;acG(4-8-2004)


Jumbo (12)coils 250

Fumakilla (12) coils 230

MARS 150

King Kong 190

Raid 270

ABC 150

ATAK 190

FIGHTER 180

GO! 140

Double Cow 190

MOSFLY 140

a*:ZDvm 230

Baygon 230

MARS POWER 180

Jumbo (30) 600

qefaps;EIef;(4-8-2004)

trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;trsKd;tpm;

wpfwif;cGJEIef;(usyf)wpfwif;cGJEIef;(usyf)wpfwif;cGJEIef;(usyf)wpfwif;cGJEIef;(usyf)wpfwif;cGJEIef;(usyf)zsmykHay:qef; (xl;&S,f)...................................................... 14000zsmykHay:qef; (&S,f).......................................................... 12500

ay:qef;arT; (ykodrf)......................................................... 10500ay:qef;arT;(½kd;½kd;)............................................................ 8000awmifysHarT; (xl;&S,f)........................................................ 9600awmifysHarT; (&S,f)............................................................ 8800a&T0gxGef; (xl;&S,f).......................................................... 5400a&T0gxGef; (&S,f).............................................................. 4800a&T0gxGef; (½kd;½kd;).............................................................. 4500ZD,m (xl;&S,f)................................................................ 5800ZD,m (&S,f) (aEGtopf)..................................................... 5500ay:uRJ (&S,f)................................................................... 6000cGHeD (&S,f) ...................................................................... 6500raemokc (½kd;½kd;).............................................................. 5000{nfhrx (xl;&S,f)............................................................. 5500ipdef(&mausmf).................................................................. 4400NrD;aumuf....................................................................... 6400a&ToG,f........................................................................... 6000'Haygufqef..................................................................... 9600aumufn§if; (&S,f)........................................................... 14000aumufn§if; (½kd;½kd;).......................................................... 11000qefuGJ(Murf;).................................................................. 4000qefuGJ(acsm).................................................................... 4600


ukefaps;EIef; owif;

uGefysLwmaps;EIef;rsm;qqqqq CFTG SOHO Computer- Intel P4 Celeron 2.4 GHz processor

- Gigabyte 8 VM 533 M/B with AGP, Sound & Lan Builtin

- 128 MB DDR RAM

- 40 GB IDE HDD

- 1.44 MB FDD

- P4 Tower Casing with power supply

- PS2 Win 98 Keyboard, Mouse & Pad

- Compaq 15" SVGA Colour Monitor (Digital Control)

Price 335,000 Ks

qqqqq CFTG Power Computer- Intel P4 2.8C GHz Processor

- P4 MSI SiS 648 F Neo Mother Board with Sound

- 128 MB DDR RAM

- 40 GB IDE HDD

- 1.44 MB FDD

- AGP 64 MB Adaptor

- P4 ATX Tower Casing with power supply

- PS2 Win 98 Keyboard, PS2 Mouse & Pad

- Compaq 15" SVGA Colour Monitor (Digital Control)

Price 535,000 Ks

qqqqq KMD INNOVATOR MODEL- Intel Pentium 4.2 8E GHz [1MB L2 Cache]

- Intel 865PERL Pentium 4 Motherboard [Builtin Sound]

- 256 MB (2 x 128) DDR RAM (Dual DDR)

- 80GB Hard Disk Drive (Hitachi, 7200RPM)

- 1.44 MB Floppy Disk Drive (Mitsumi)

- AGP 64 MB 3D Graphic Card W/TV out (GeForce)

- 15" SVGA Digital Control Color Monitor (Philips)

- PSII Keyboard & PSII Scroll Mouse (Aopen)

- Mouse Pad with Picture

- Pentium 4 Casing (iCute)

Price 568,000 Ks

[txufygaps;EIef;rsm;onf Printer ESifh Multimedia ryg0ifao;aomuGefysLwmwpfvkH;\ Mo*kwfv 7 &ufaeYaps;EIef; jzpfygonf/ ypönf;wpfrsKd;csif;pD xyfjznfhvkdygu (okdY) vJvS,fvkdygu aps;EIef;rsm;rSmatmufygtwkdif; jzpfygonf/ tcsdefumvtvkduf tajymif;tvJ&SdEkdifygonf/]

qqqqq MultimediaPCI Sound Card (Creative SB Live Value) 32,100 Ks

52X CD-ROM (Samsung) 17,500 Ks

52 X CD-ROM (SONY) 22,000 Ks

16X Sony DVD 32,500 Ks

16X Pinoneer DVD 54,000 Ks

720 Watt Speakers 4,500 Ks

Sony CD Writer (52 x 32 x 52 x) 36,000 Ks

Samsung CD Writer (52 x 32 x 52 x) 34,500 Ks

qqqqq Memory256MB (DDR RAM) PC 400 MHz 42,500 Ks

256MB (DDR RAM) PC 266/333 MHz 39,500 Ks

qqqqq Storage Device

80 GB (Hitachi-7200 RPM) 64,000 Ks

120 GB (Hitachi-7200 RPM) 80,500 Ks

120 GB (Seagate) 95,000 Ks

qqqqq Monitor

15" SVGA Color Monitor (Samsung) 94,000 Ks

15" SVGA Color Monitor (Philips) 94,000 Ks

15" SVGA Color Monitor (Hansol) 84,000 Ks

17" SVGA Color Monitor (Philips)107T(Flat) 137,000 Ks

19" SVGA Color Monitor (Philips) 243,000 Ks

15" LCD Color Monitor (Philips) 309,000 Ks

17" LCD Color Monitor (Samsung) 421,000 Ks

qqqqq Printer

HP Deskjet 1180 Printer (USB) 242,000 Ks

HP Laser jet 1010 Printer (USB) 184,000 Ks

HP Laserjet 1300 (USB & Parallel) 313,000 Ks

EPSON Dot Matrix Printer-LQ 300+ 170,000 Ks

EPSON C63 110, 975 Ks

EPSON Photo R310 Printer 260,550 Ks

EPSON Laser Printer EPL-6200L 212,000 Ks

Fuji Xerox Phaser Printer 3110 230 US$

Fuji Xerox Phaser Printer 3115 230 US$

qqqqq Scanner

EPSON Perfection 2400 Photo 270,200 Ks

(A4 Color Scanner)

EPSON perfection 1670 (Photo Color) 212,300 Ks

Flatted Scanner HP 2400c (USB) 87,000 Ks

Flatted Scanner HP 7450C (USB) 531,000 Ks

qqqqq Toner

HP Toner 5L-6L 47,200 Ks

HP 1300 Toner/HP 1010 Toner 56,800 Ks

HP 1200 Toner 47,700 Ks

qqqqq UPS

600VA (Power Tree) Basic 35,000 Ks

1.2KVA (Power Tree) 62,000 Ks

600 VA (Power Tree) Long Time 59,000 Ks

rSwfcsufrSwfcsufrSwfcsufrSwfcsufrSwfcsuf///// ///// azmfjyygaps;EIef;rsm;ukazmfjyygaps;EIef;rsm;ukazmfjyygaps;EIef;rsm;ukazmfjyygaps;EIef;rsm;ukazmfjyygaps;EIef;rsm;ukdd ddd Client Focus Technol-

ogy Group, Concordia International Co., Ltd. ESifh ESifh ESifh ESifh ESifh KMD

Computer Centre wkdYwkdYwkdYwkdYwkdYrrrrr S &,lxm;ygonf/ (t,f'Dwm)S &,lxm;ygonf/ (t,f'Dwm)S &,lxm;ygonf/ (t,f'Dwm)S &,lxm;ygonf/ (t,f'Dwm)S &,lxm;ygonf/ (t,f'Dwm)

(7-8-2004)


ukefaps;EIef; owif;

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrOD;qkH; t&nftaoG;rD xkwfvkyfxm;onfh toufu,fcg;ywfjrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrOD;qkH; t&nftaoG;rD xkwfvkyfxm;onfh toufu,fcg;ywfjrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrOD;qkH; t&nftaoG;rD xkwfvkyfxm;onfh toufu,fcg;ywfjrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrOD;qkH; t&nftaoG;rD xkwfvkyfxm;onfh toufu,fcg;ywfjrefrmEkdifiHwGif yxrOD;qkH; t&nftaoG;rD xkwfvkyfxm;onfh toufu,fcg;ywfjzpfonf/jzpfonf/jzpfonf/jzpfonf/jzpfonf/

¶ Shining Pearl Co., Ltd. rS 2002 ckESpfwGif wDxGifxkwfvkyfcJhNyD; 2003 ckESpftwGif; aps;uGufokdY jzefYcsdcJh/

¶ ukrÜPD\tBuD;tuJrSm a'gufwmarmifarmifjrifh jzpf/

¶ ukd&D;,m;EkdifiHrS xkwfvkyfonfh Polypropylene BuKd;ESifh xkdif;EkdifiHrS oHxnfypönf;wkdYukdtokH;jyKxm;NyD;ukefMurf;ypönf;rsm;ukd jynfwGif;rSyif pkaqmif;0,f,l/

¶ cg;ywfBuKd;? cg;ywfacgif;? cg;ywfacgif;ay:wGif vIyf&Sm;Ekdifaom vQm? cg;ywfBuKd;xdyf? cg;ywfuGif;? D

ykHoP²mefuGif;? D uGif;txdef;jym;? toufu,fBuKd;ESifh toufu,fBuKd;csdwf tpdwftykdif;rsm;yg&Sd/

¶ cg;ywfBuKd;jym;t&Snf 1250 rDvDrDwm? tus,f 48 rDvDrDwm? txl 2.7 rDvDrDwm&SdNyD; cHEkdif0eftm; 1500uDvkd*&rf (3300 aygif)&Sd/

¶ toufu,fBuKd;t&Snf 1800 rDvDrDwm? tcsif; 12 rDvDrDwm&SdNyD; cHEkdif0eftm; 1300 uDvkd*&rf&Sd/

¶ puf½kHrSm awmif'*kHpufrIZkefü wnf&SdNyD; wpfaeYvQif cka& 300 cefYtxd xkwfvkyfay;Ekdif[k od&/

¶ jrefrmhodyÜHESifh enf;ynmokawoeOD;pD;Xme (MSTRD) \ ppfaq;prf;oyfrI cH,lxm;[kqkd/

¶ wyfqiftokH;jyK& vG,fulNyD; tokH;jyK&ef tnTef;pmtkyfyg&Sd/

¶ xef;wuform;rsm;? aq;okwform;rsm;? vQyfppfESifh w,fvDzkef;BuKd;vkdif;jyKjyifolrsm;? aqmufvkyfa&;tvkyform;rsm;? tif*sifeD,mrsm;? ajcvsifESifh awmifwuform;rsm;? opfckwform;rsm; ponfh jrifhaomae&mwGifwufa&mufí vkyfief;aqmif&Gufaeolrsm; rawmfwq tjrifhrSusaomtEÅ&m,fukd umuG,fa&;twGuf tokH;jyK&efoifhavsmf/

¶ qufoG,f&efvdyfpmqufoG,f&efvdyfpmqufoG,f&efvdyfpmqufoG,f&efvdyfpmqufoG,f&efvdyfpm

- Shining Pearl Co., Ltd.

trSwf-96 (F)? yOörxyf? 52 vrf;(tv,f)?ykZGefawmifNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-298704E-mail:[email protected]

- a&Tig;vQyfppfypönf;qkdiftrSwf-168(B)? vrf; 30?yef;bJwef;NrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-701484? 287905

jrefrmjynfwGifvkyfonf


jrefrmEkdifiH\ vlokH;ukefypönf;aps;uGuftwGif;ü tqifhrDxkwfukefrsm;tjzpf aps;uGufa0pkjrefrmEkdifiH\ vlokH;ukefypönf;aps;uGuftwGif;ü tqifhrDxkwfukefrsm;tjzpf aps;uGufa0pkjrefrmEkdifiH\ vlokH;ukefypönf;aps;uGuftwGif;ü tqifhrDxkwfukefrsm;tjzpf aps;uGufa0pkjrefrmEkdifiH\ vlokH;ukefypönf;aps;uGuftwGif;ü tqifhrDxkwfukefrsm;tjzpf aps;uGufa0pkjrefrmEkdifiH\ vlokH;ukefypönf;aps;uGuftwGif;ü tqifhrDxkwfukefrsm;tjzpf aps;uGufa0pktoifhtwifh&&Sdxm;aom toifhtwifh&&Sdxm;aom toifhtwifh&&Sdxm;aom toifhtwifh&&Sdxm;aom toifhtwifh&&Sdxm;aom Melamine ypönf;rsm; jzpfonf/ypönf;rsm; jzpfonf/ypönf;rsm; jzpfonf/ypönf;rsm; jzpfonf/ypönf;rsm; jzpfonf/

¶ Hung Kong (Myanmar) Trading Co., Ltd. rSGolden Eagle trSwfwHqdyf Melamine ypönf;rsm;ukd 1995 ckESpf Ekd0ifbmv 7 &ufaeYwGif pwifxkwfvkyfcJhNyD; aps;uGuftwGif;okdY 1996 ckESpf arv 7 &ufaeYwGif pwifjzefYcsd/

¶ ukrÜPD\ refae*sif;'g½kdufwmrSm Mr. James jzpfNyD; 'g½kdufwmtzGJU0if av;OD; tygt0if 0efxrf;tiftm; 120 OD;cefY&Sd/

¶ pufypönf;rsm;ukd xkdif0rfrS wifoGif;NyD; ukefMurf;rsm;udk xkdif0rfESifh tif'kdeD;&Sm;EkdifiHrsm;rS wifoGif;xkwfvkyf[kqkd/

¶ ukefypönf;xkwfvkyfrI enf;ynmrsm;ukd xdkif0rfrS&,l/

¶ ,ckavmavmq,fwGif Plain ESifh yef;ykHrsm;yg0ifaom yef;ueftrsKd;tpm; 45 rsKd;cefY xkwfvkyfaeaMumif; od&/

¶ aps;uGufvkddtyfcsufjynfhrDatmif xkwfvkyfEkdifrI&Sd/

¶ Sale Centre rSwpfqifh aps;uGuftwGif; jzefYcsd/

¶ ukrÜPDrS Golden Eagle Towel rsm;vnf; xkwfvkyfvsuf&Sd/

¶ aemifwGif Melamine ypönf;topfrsm; xkwfvkyfoGm;&ef&SdaMumif; od&/

¶ qufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifhh hh h ukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpm

a':wifarxG#f

Golden Eagle Melamine Wares Distribution Centre

trSwf-99? 125 vrf;(ajrnD+yxyf)? Anm;'vvrf;axmifh?

r*FvmawmifnGefYNrKdUe,f? &efukef/ zkef;-202723? 295695

¶ puf½kHvdyfpmpuf½kHvdyfpmpuf½kHvdyfpmpuf½kHvdyfpmpuf½kHvdyfpm

trSwf-233 A-B ? (23) &yfuGuf? awmif'*kHpufrIZkef? '*kHNrKdUopf(awmifydkif;)NrKdUe,f? &efukef/


2004. SEPTEMBER. Living Colour.141

jrefrmEkdifiH qyfjymqDaps;uGuftwGif; jrefrmEkdifiH qyfjymqDaps;uGuftwGif; jrefrmEkdifiH qyfjymqDaps;uGuftwGif; jrefrmEkdifiH qyfjymqDaps;uGuftwGif; jrefrmEkdifiH qyfjymqDaps;uGuftwGif; O-SHIN trSwfwHqdyfjzifh atmifjrifrI&aeonfhtrSwfwHqdyfjzifh atmifjrifrI&aeonfhtrSwfwHqdyfjzifh atmifjrifrI&aeonfhtrSwfwHqdyfjzifh atmifjrifrI&aeonfhtrSwfwHqdyfjzifh atmifjrifrI&aeonfhSIN SEIN HO ukrÜPDrS xyfrHxkwfvkyfvkdufonfhukefypönf; jzpfonf/ukrÜPDrS xyfrHxkwfvkyfvkdufonfhukefypönf; jzpfonf/ukrÜPDrS xyfrHxkwfvkyfvkdufonfhukefypönf; jzpfonf/ukrÜPDrS xyfrHxkwfvkyfvkdufonfhukefypönf; jzpfonf/ukrÜPDrS xyfrHxkwfvkyfvkdufonfhukefypönf; jzpfonf/

¶ SIN SEIN HO CO., LTD. rS 2002 ckESpf rwfvwGif pwifxkwfvkyfjzefYcsdcJh/

¶ refae*sif;'g½kdufwmrSm OD;wifxGef;jzpfNyD; 'g½kdufwmtzGJU0if ESpfOD;ESifh 0efxrf;tiftm; 30 OD;cefY&Sd/

¶ &mEIef;jynfh EkdifiHom;ykdifukrÜPDjzpfNyD; jynfwGif;jzpf pufypönf;rsm;ukd tokH;jyKxm;/

¶ *syef? *smreD? qGpfZmvefEkdifiHwkdYrS enf;ynmESifh ukefMurf;ypönf;wkdYukd&,lNyD; jynfwGif;ukefMurf;ypönf;rsm;ESifh aygif;pyfxkwfvkyf[kqkd/

¶ 21 Rain Repellent onf rSefay: a&rwifEkdifonfhaq;&nfjzpfNyD;rSefay:&Sd tay:,HvTmtm; oJ? zkefrsm; wkdufpm;jcif;ukd umuG,fay;[kqkd/

¶ tmrcHoufwrf; okH;ESpftxd ay;xm;/

¶ avmavmq,f 200 ml wpfbl;vQif 1200 usyf jzifh ukrÜPDrSwkduf½kdufjzefYcsd/

¶ ukrÜPDtaejzifh um;twGif;cef; rSefa&aiGUr½kdufEkdifonfh aq;&nfukd rMumrD xkwfvkyfjzefYcsdoGm;&ef&Sd/

¶ qufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifqufoG,f&efyk*¾KdvfESifhh hh h ukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpmukrÜPDvdyfpmOD;wifxGef;(Managing Director)

SIN SEIN HO CO., LTD.

Sale & Show Room

trSwf-626? r[mAE¨Kvvrf;?vomNrKdUe,f? &efukef/zkef;-254704

¶ puf½kHvdyfpmpuf½kHvdyfpmpuf½kHvdyfpmpuf½kHvdyfpmpuf½kHvdyfpmtrSwf-13? odyÜHvrf;? tvkHNrKdUe,f?&efukef/zkef;-227695? 220560? 285701



External Energy Bank

(Power Runner)'pf*spfw,fuifr&m? yD'Dat? pD'D? 'DAD'D

zGif h pufrsm;? a0:uDawmfuDpum;ajympufrsm;tok H; jyK &mwGif vk dtyfaom rD;tm;yg0guk day;Ekdifonfh puf jzpf/ No Memory Effect jzpfNyD;o,faqmif& vG,fulap&ef ao;oG,fuspfvspfpGm

xkwfvkyfxm;/ xkdif0rfrS xkwfvkyfNyD; a&mif;aps; usyf 40ç000jzpf/

WONPRO Universal Travel

Adapterc&D;oGm;vm&mwGif tvG,fwulo,faqmifoGm;

EkdifNyD; Adapter wpfckwnf;wGif BuKdufESpfouf&m yvyfacgif;ukd vJvS,ftokH;jyKEkdifonfhypönf;jzpf/ xkdif0rfrSwifoGif;NyD; a&mif;aps; usyf 8ç000 jzpf/

Solar Emergency Chargerbufx&Dtm;tokH;jyK&aom rkdbkdif;vfzkef;? yD'Dat? *drf;

pufrsm; tp&SdonfwdkYukd aea&mifjcnftokH;jyKí bufx&Dtm;oGif;ay;Ekdifaompufjzpf/ aea&mifjcnfjzifhomru tdrfrD;jzifhyg wGJzuftokH;jyKEkdif/ a&mif;aps; usyf 60ç000 jzpfNyD;xdkif0rfrS wifoGif;/

b,fypönf;bmaMumifh


WONPRO Universal Switch &

Socketyvyfacgif;trsKd;tpm; 20 txuf tokH;jyKEkdif

aom tdrfokH;? puf½kHokH;? vkyfief;okH; Switch ESifh Socket

jzpf/ Load-15A 250V &SdNyD; wpffckcsif;pD\ aps;EIef;rSmusyf 1000 ausmfjzpf/

Completely New Home Cinema

E Game Playerppfwk&if? wif;epf? zkdufwif? twkH;pDjcif;wkdYukd Screen

av;rsK d;cG Jí upm;Ek difaom *drf;pufjzpf/ w½kwfEk difiHrSwifoGif;NyD; a&mif;aps; usyf 7500 jzpf/

FM Hi-Fi Wireless Headphone VCR, VCD, DVD rsm;rS toHxGuf&SdrIukd ay

150 tuGmta0;wGif;rS Hi-Fi oHjzifh em;axmifEkdifaomBuKd;rJhem;Muyfjzpf/ FM a&'D,dkvkdif;yg&SdNyD; wHcg;? eH&HtumtuG,frsm;&Sdaomfvnf; aumif;pGmMum;Ekdif[kqkd/w½kwfEkdifiHrS wifoGif;NyD; a&mif;aps; usyf 6500 jzpf/

Golf TelephoneGolf tdwf tao;pm;ykH jyKvkyfxm;onfh vufukdifBuKd;zkef;jzpf/

zkef;cvkwfrsm;tm; a*gufoD;ykH zefwD;xm;/ tdwfxJwGif a*guf½kdufwHtao;rsm;yg&Sd/ a[mifaumifrSxkwfvkyfNyD; a&mif;aps; usyf 68ç000 jzpf/

b,fypönf;bmaMumifh


b,fypönf;bmaMumifh

CONQ. ITEM-CQA 907FM a&'D,kdvkdif;yg&Sdaom Sub Woofer jzpf/

uGefysLwmrsm;ESifhvnf; wGJzuftokH;jyKEkdif/ xkdif0rfrSxkwfvkyfNyD; a&mif;aps; usyf 35ç000 jzpf/

SONY Wireless Mic SN-368ABuKd;rJhrkdufc½kdzkef;ESpfckyg&Sdaom pufjzpf/ vlESpfa,muf

wpfNyKdifeuftokH;jyKEkdif/ a&mif;aps; usyf 8500 jzpf/

armfawmfum;bD;ESifU um;abmuGif; em&Drsm; armfawmfum;rsm;wGif tvSqiftokH;jyKEkdifonfh

armfawmfum;bD;ESifh um;abmuGif;ykH Fancy ypönf;rsm;jzpf/w½kwfEk difiHrSwifoGif;NyD; wpfckpDvQif a&mif;aps; usyf3000 jzpf/

Quipond NY-E0001a&aEG;aiGUtokH;jyKí rsufESmukd aygif;wifay;Ekdif

aompufjzpf/ rsufESmjyif&Sd ta&jym;usef;rma&;twGuftaxmuftuljyKEkdif[kqdk/ a&mif;aps; usyf 28ç000 jzpfNyD;w½kwfEkdifiHrS xkwfvkyf/

b,fypönf;bmaMumifh

144 Living Colour. SEPTEMBER.2004

,ckv Which & Why u@wGif yg0ifaomypönf;rsm;ESifhywfoufonfh owif;tcsuftvufrsm;ukd Mr.Slim Fancy Shop ?Myanmar Information Technology Pte. Ltd. ESifh KMD Computer Centre wkdYxHrS &&Sdygonf/

t,f'Dwmt,f'Dwmt,f'Dwmt,f'Dwmt,f'Dwm

Biz Acc Gold Accounting SoftwareMyanmar Information Technology Pte.Ltd. (MIT) rS ,cifxkwf

vkyfxm;onfh Biz Acc Accounting Software ukd ykdrkdjynfhpkHatmif u@opfrsm;xyfrHjznfhqnf;xm;aom Integrated Accounting System jzpf/ Database rsm;jznfhqnf;xnfhoGif;EkdifNyD; rdrdtokH;jyKvkdonfh vkyfief;e,fy,ftvkduf Academic,

Economy, Standard, Professional ESifh Enterprise [lí Edition ig;rsKd;cGJjcm;xkwfvkyfxm;/ Software vkHNcKHrItwGuf Key rsm;yg&SdNyD; plygrm;uwfrsm;wGif0,f,l&&SdEkdif/ a&mif;aps;rSm Edition wpfckcsif;tvkduf usyf 50ç000 rS 800ç000txd &Sd[kod&/

Prolink Finger Print Mousexl;xl;jcm;jcm; pGrf;aqmifay;Ekdifrnfh Prolink Finger Print Mouse

jzpf/ rdrdvufaAG&mjzifh uGefysLwmtzGifhtydwfukd xdef;csKyfxm;ay;EkdifNyD; Microsoft

Windows, 98/SE/2000/XP/ME wkdYESifh USB Port jzifh wyfqiftokH;jyKEkdif/

Intel Celeron 2.4 D ProcessortjrefEIef;jr§ifhwifxm;aom Intel \ Celeron 2.4 D Processor jzpf/

256 KB L2 Cache ESifh Front Side Bus ukd 533 MHz txd wkd;jr§ifhxkwfvkyfxm;ojzifh ,cif 400 MHz Processor rsm;xuf ydkrkdjrefqefNyD; tcsdefukefoufompGm vkyfaqmifEkdif/ aps;EIef;csKdomaomaMumifh tdrfokH;? ½kH;okH;vkyfief;rsm;twGufoifhawmf/

HP Laserjet 3015 Printer½kH;vkyfief;rsm;ukd wpfae&mwnf;NyD;ajrmufapEkdifrnfh HP Laserjet 3015

All-in-one Printer jzpf/ Print xkwf,l&mwGif Resolution 1200x1200 dpi jzifh wpfrdepfvQif pm&Guf 15 &Guftxd xkwf,lEkdif/ Fax \ Modem rSm 33.6 kdps jzpfNyD; 2MB

Memory yg&SdonfhtwGuf pm&Gufa& 110 ukd odrf;xm;ay;Ekdif/ uGefysLwmESifh wGJzufNyD;wkduf½kdufFax ykdYEkdif/ Scan zwf&mwGif 600 x 600 dpi jzifh 24-bit Colour Images

txd zwf,lEkdifNyD; pm&Gufa& 30 txd Automatic Document Feeder rS tvkdtavsmufzwf,lEkdif/ Copier rSm wpfrdepfvQif pm&Gufa& 14-15 &Guftxd rdwåLul;,lEkdif/USB ESifh Parallel yg&SdaomaMumifh rnfonfh uGefysLwmrqkd wGJzuf tokH;jyKEkdif/

b,fypönf;bmaMumifh


þu@wGi fþu@wGi fþu@wGi fþu@wGi fþu@wGi f......

146 ta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;odkY146 ta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;odkY146 ta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;odkY146 ta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;odkY146 ta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;odkY

148 uRefawmf yef;csDukefonf (23)148 uRefawmf yef;csDukefonf (23)148 uRefawmf yef;csDukefonf (23)148 uRefawmf yef;csDukefonf (23)148 uRefawmf yef;csDukefonf (23)

151 aiG-aiG-aiG avmurSm aiG[mav (18)151 aiG-aiG-aiG avmurSm aiG[mav (18)151 aiG-aiG-aiG avmurSm aiG[mav (18)151 aiG-aiG-aiG avmurSm aiG[mav (18)151 aiG-aiG-aiG avmurSm aiG[mav (18)

156 pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;okH; 36 yg; ppfAsL[musrf; (18)156 pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;okH; 36 yg; ppfAsL[musrf; (18)156 pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;okH; 36 yg; ppfAsL[musrf; (18)156 pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;okH; 36 yg; ppfAsL[musrf; (18)156 pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;okH; 36 yg; ppfAsL[musrf; (18)

ta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;okdY[laom aqmifyk'fa&;xm;onfh qkdif;bkwfta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;okdY[laom aqmifyk'fa&;xm;onfh qkdif;bkwfta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;okdY[laom aqmifyk'fa&;xm;onfh qkdif;bkwfta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;okdY[laom aqmifyk'fa&;xm;onfh qkdif;bkwfta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;okdY[laom aqmifyk'fa&;xm;onfh qkdif;bkwfBuD;rsm;ukd uRefawmfi,fi,fu BuD;jyif;cJh&aom ppfausmif;BuD;wpfckwGif awGUcJhBuD;rsm;ukd uRefawmfi,fi,fu BuD;jyif;cJh&aom ppfausmif;BuD;wpfckwGif awGUcJhBuD;rsm;ukd uRefawmfi,fi,fu BuD;jyif;cJh&aom ppfausmif;BuD;wpfckwGif awGUcJhBuD;rsm;ukd uRefawmfi,fi,fu BuD;jyif;cJh&aom ppfausmif;BuD;wpfckwGif awGUcJhBuD;rsm;ukd uRefawmfi,fi,fu BuD;jyif;cJh&aom ppfausmif;BuD;wpfckwGif awGUcJh&zl;ygonf/ uRefawmft&G,fa&mufonfhwkdif þaqmifyk'fukd tav;teuf&zl;ygonf/ uRefawmft&G,fa&mufonfhwkdif þaqmifyk'fukd tav;teuf&zl;ygonf/ uRefawmft&G,fa&mufonfhwkdif þaqmifyk'fukd tav;teuf&zl;ygonf/ uRefawmft&G,fa&mufonfhwkdif þaqmifyk'fukd tav;teuf&zl;ygonf/ uRefawmft&G,fa&mufonfhwkdif þaqmifyk'fukd tav;teufrxm;rdao;ay/ ta&twGuf wnfaqmufNyD;vQif t&nftcsif;udpörSmvnf;rxm;rdao;ay/ ta&twGuf wnfaqmufNyD;vQif t&nftcsif;udpörSmvnf;rxm;rdao;ay/ ta&twGuf wnfaqmufNyD;vQif t&nftcsif;udpörSmvnf;rxm;rdao;ay/ ta&twGuf wnfaqmufNyD;vQif t&nftcsif;udpörSmvnf;rxm;rdao;ay/ ta&twGuf wnfaqmufNyD;vQif t&nftcsif;udpörSmvnf;ta&;BuD;onf[k owday;xm;onfh oabm[kyif a,bk,s,lqum ayghayghta&;BuD;onf[k owday;xm;onfh oabm[kyif a,bk,s,lqum ayghayghta&;BuD;onf[k owday;xm;onfh oabm[kyif a,bk,s,lqum ayghayghta&;BuD;onf[k owday;xm;onfh oabm[kyif a,bk,s,lqum ayghayghta&;BuD;onf[k owday;xm;onfh oabm[kyif a,bk,s,lqum ayghayghyg;yg;yifxm;vkdufonf/yg;yg;yifxm;vkdufonf/yg;yg;yifxm;vkdufonf/yg;yg;yifxm;vkdufonf/yg;yg;yifxm;vkdufonf/

aemufykdif;wGif vlwkdY\ oabmobm0üyif ta&twGufukd t&nftaoG;xuf ykdíOD;pm;ay;csifaomoabmukd wjznf;jznf; em;vnfvmaomtcg ta&twGufrS t&nftcsif;okdY[laom aqmifyk'fonfrnfrQta&;BuD;aMumif; oabmaygufvm&awmhonf/ &Sif;ygonf/ vlwkdY\oabmobm0onf jrif&aom?wkdif;wmEkdifaomt&mrsm;ukd ykdíwefzkd;xm;onf? tav;teufxm;onf/ rjrif&aom wkdif;wmí rvG,ful

aom udpörsm;ukd 'kwd,OD;pm;ay;tjzpfoabmxm;Muonf/ vltcsif;csif;?vlYtzGJUtpnf;wpfck? EkdifiHwpfckckukdtuJjzwf&mwGifvnf; jrif&aom wkdif;wmEkdifaom t&mrsm;jzifh rsm;aomtm;jzifh tuJjzwfMuavh&Sd&m aemufqkH;wGif vlwkdYonf ½kyfjyoufoufjzpfonfh ta&twGufaemufukd aumufaumufygatmif vkdufrdvsufom;jzpfNyD;tppftrSefjzpfonfh t&nftcsif;udpöukd arhvkdufMuonfhtqifhxd a&mufoGm;wwfonfukd awGU&ygonf/

,aeYurÇmay:wGif pD;yGm;a&;t& xdyfwef;okdY a&muf&Sdaeonfh EkdifiHtm;vkH;vkdvkdonf tppftrSefwefzkd;rsm;ukd rarhravsmh wnfaqmufcJhMuolrsm;jzpfonf/ tqkdygt&nftaoG;? t&nftcsif;udpöonf ,aeY Globalization

acwfwGif pum;vkH;opfwpfckjzifh jyefíta&;ygvmonfukd awGU&ygonf/,aeY vlajymrsm;vmaom ]Capacity

Building}[laom pum;vkH;rSm t&nf

ta&twGuf rS t & nf t cs if ; okdhxGef;atmif

tawG;tjrif


tcsif;? t&nftaoG; wnfaqmufa&;ukd twdtus &nfnTef;aom pum;vkH;yifjzpfygonf/

qkdAD,uf,leD,Hacgif;aqmif aomta&SUOa&myEkdifiHtm;vkH;vkd vkdonf½kyfjyoufoufjzpfNyD; Productivity

r&S daom ta&twGufaemufuk d(0g'jzefYcsda&;twGuf) aumufaumufygatmif vkdufcJhMuNyD; tppftrSefwefzkd;rsm;ukd arhxm;vkdufMu&m aemufqkH;wGif wkdif;jynfpD;yGm;a&; tcGHoufoufom usef&Sdawmhonfukd awGUcJh&ayonf/

rnfokdYyifqkdapumrl vlwkdYonfywf0ef;usif\ csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh uJh&JUjcif;wkdYukd rsm;pGm tav;xm;onfjzpf&mta&twGufukd t&nftcsif;xuf ykdítav;xm;onfhoabmxm;rSm a&S;utwkdif; ckdifckdifrmrmyif &SdaeqJjzpfonfukd awGU&onf/ ,aeY pD;yGm;a&;tiftm;BuD;EkdifiHrsm; (txl;ojzifh Ca-

pacity Building ukd OD;pm;ay;aomtaemuftkyfpkEkdifiHBuD;rsm;)? tvSL&SifEkdifiHBuD;rsm;? urÇmvkH;qkdif&mtzGJUtpnf;rsm;u wwd, urÇmEkdifiHrsm;okdYay;tyfaeonfh tultnDtrsm;pkonfyifvQif wkdif;wmEkdifaom? jrifomaom&v'frsm; &&Sda&;ukd OD;pm;ay;aeqJyifjzpf&m oufqkdif&mEkdifiHukd olYajcaxmufay: ol&yfEkdifatmif Capacity

Building jyKvky fay;onf hoabmukd rawGU&oavmufyifjzpfonf[kemrnfausmf EkdifiHa&;abm*aA' ygarmu©z&efppfzlul&m;rm;u ¤if;\ aemufqkH;xkwfa0xm;onfhpmtkyfwGif rSwfcsufay;cJ honf/ UNDP ? urÇm hbPf?tjynfjynfqkdif&m aiGaMu;&efykHaiGtzGJU?tm&SzGHUNzKd;a&;bPf ponfh ynm&SiftppftrSef rsm;pGm wnf&Sdaeonfh tzGJUtpnf;BuD;rsm;onfyif wkdif;wmEkdifaom

&v'frsm;&&Sda&; (ta&twGufudpö)ukdOD;pm;ay;aecJhao;vQif oufwrf;wpfESpfxufwpfESpf ykdrkdwnfwHh&efvkdtyfaom wnfqJtpkd;&rsm;u ta&twGufaemufukd vkdufMuonfrSm rxl;qef;vSay[k EkdifiHa&; odyÜHynm&SifwpfOD;u rSwfcsufjyKcJhonf/

vlwpfOD;csif;üvnf; tvm;wlyifjzpfonfukd awGU&onf/ um,uH&Sif

pacity Building acwf jzpfygonf/t&nftcsif;r&Sdolrsm;twGuf ,aeYurÇmBuD;wGif ae&mr&Sdawmhyg/ ta&twGufaemuf vkdufolcsif; tkd;&GJUESifhpavmif;&GJU zkH;vkdY&aeao;onfqkdvQifvnf; ,m,Dom jzpfygvdrfhrnf/ ta&twGufoufoufjzifh rnfonfhtppftrSefatmifjrifrIukdrQ r&Ekdifonfjzpf&matmufygoHo&mwGif rnfonfh&v'frQ

jzpfonfh rdrdukd,fwkdif\ ukd,fusKd;pD;yGm;ESifh ywfoufonfhudpörsm;wGifyifrsufpdarSmufum ta&twGufaemufukdvkdufaeqJjzpfonfh Oyrmrsm; uRefawmfwkdY ywf0ef;usifwGif rsm;pGm awGUjrifEkdifygonf/ ynm&,lvkdonfh oabmxm;ESifhr[kwfbJ bGJU&vkdonfhoabmxm;oufoufESifh ausmif;wufaeaomausmif;om;rsm;onf rdrd\ ukd,fusKd;pD;yGm;ukd arhavsmhaeMuonfvm; rqkdEkdifay/ (bGJUrsm;&Sd½kHjzifh tvkyf&Ekdifaomacwfr[kwfawmhyg) ynm&,lvkdaomausmif;om;rSefvQif ynmtppftrSef?wpfenf;tm;jzifh t&nftaoG;&Sdaomynm&Sd&mukd oGm;&ayrnf/ 0goemygaom? rdrdtokH;csvkdaom? oif,lvkdaomynm&Sd&mukd oGm;&rnf/ t&nftaoG;udpöukd rpOf;pm;bJ bGJU&½kHoufouftcsdefukefrcHoifhay/

trSefwu,fyif ,aeYonf Ca-

&&SdEkdifrnf r[kwfay/,aeY urÇmBuD;onf pD;yGm;a&;

ykdqefvmonf[k ynm&Sifrsm;u ajymMuonf/ ppftiftm;onfyif pD;yGm;a&;tiftm;avmuf tc&mrusawmhyg[kawmhzvmu a&;cJhonf/ pD;yGm;a&;qefzk d Yqk dvQif tvkyfjzpfzk d Y vk donf/ta&twGufom&SdNyD; tvkyfrjzpfvQifp D;y Gm;a&;qefvmaomacwfwGi ftouf&Sif&yfwnfzkdY rjzpfEkdifyg/ pD;yGm;a&;acwfwGif ½IH;wmESifh jrwfwm ESpfckyJ&Sdygonf/ rjrwfvQif tvkyfrjzpfEkdif yg/tvkyfrjzpfEk difvQif rjrwfEk difyg/tvkyfrjzpfvQif rjrwfvQif em;&vdrfhrnf/ vlwpfOD;csif;ü csufcsif;tajzxGufEkdifonfjzpfí rsm;pGm odomygvdrfhrnf/ vlYtzGJUtpnf;jzpfvQif Mumwwfonf/ okdYaomf wpfaeYwGif odomygvdrfhrnf/

xGef;atmifxGef;atmifxGef;atmifxGef;atmifxGef;atmif

Capacity Building Productive/Creative Achievement

,aeh urÇmBuD;onf pD;yGm;a&;yk dqefvmonf[k ynm&Sifrsm;u ajymMuonf/ ppftiftm;onfyif pD;yGm;a&;tiftm;avmuf tc&mrusawmUyg[k awmUzvmu a&;cJUonf/ pD;yGm;a&;qef zkd hqkdvQif tvkyfjzpfzk d h vkdonf/ ta&twGufom&S d NyD; tvkyfrjzpfvQif pD;yGm;a&;qefvmaomacwfwGif touf&Sif&yfwnfzkd h rjzpfEkdifyg/

tawG;tjrif


yef;csDrif;a0atmifyef;csDrif;a0atmif.../ukdrif;a0atmifrSm yef;csDpD;yGm;

a&;avmuokdY uRefawmf 0ifa&mufpOfyxrqkH; cifrifcGifh&aom yef;csDjycef;ykdif&Sif[kvnf; ajymEkdif\/ yef;csDpD;yGm;a&;avmuokdY uRefawmfhukd yxrqkH;vufwGJac:cJhol[kvnf; qkdEkdif\/

ukdrif;a0atmifud k ,cifuuRefawmf rodyg/ yef;csDjycef; wnfaxmif&ef pdwful;aepOf wpfaeY pma&;q&myg&*lESifhtwl pma&;q&m jroef;

wifhtdrfokdY tvnfa&mufoGm;\/uRefawmf\ yef;csDavmuokdY

0ifa&mufvkdonfh pdwful;rsm;ukd q&mjroef;wifhESifh q&myg&*ludk ajymjy\/

]]avol&J yef;csDjycef; wnfaxmifcsif&if jycef;ykdif&Sifwpfa,mufeJYuRefawmf rdwfqufay;r,f}}

q&mjroef;wifhu uRefawmfhudkajymjyvkdufjcif; jzpf\/

]]b,folvJ}}]]rif;a0atmif}}q&mjroef;wifhu uRefawmfhukd

rif;a0atmif\tdrfokdY ac:oGm;\/

rif;a0atmif\tdrfESif h New

Treasure jycef;rSm wpfae&mwnf; jzpf\/ rif;a0atmifrSm ol\ yef;csDjycef;udkyif tdrfjyKvkyfNyD; aexdkifoljzpf\/

]]'gyJ...rif;a0atmifqkdwm}}uk drif;a0atmifuk d Munf h Ny D;

uRefawmf tvGeftHhMooGm;\/ukdrif;a0atmifrSm uRefawmf

xifrSwfxm;onfxuf rsm;pGm i,faeygonf/ uRefawmfhxuf toufESpfaygif; ESpfq,fcefY i,fygvdrfhrnf/

]]OD;vS0if;...yef;csDjycef; wnfaxmifcsif&if &J& Jwnfaxmifyg/uRefawmf tultnDay;EkdifwmawGudktukeftultnDay;yghr,f}}

tHhMop&m jzpfygonf/pD;yGm;a&;NyKdifbufwpfOD;tjzpf

0ifa&mufvmrnfh uRefawmfhukd oluawGUawGUcsif;yif tultnDay;rnf[kajym\/

rSefygonf/aemiftcgwGifvnf; olYuwd

pum;twkdif;yif uRefawmfhukd oltultnDtrsKd;rsKd; ay;cJhygonf/

uRefawmf\ yxrqkH;yef;csDrsufpdjzpfaom yef;csDausmfvif;aqGudkol&Smay;\/ olac:ay;\/

yef;csDabmif (Frame) tvkyfESifhywfoufí uRefawmf odoifhodxkdufonfrsm;udkvnf; olyif jyay;\/ oifay;\/ a&mif;ay;\/ yef;csDjycef;vkyfief;ESifh ywfoufí uRefawmf ar;orQar;cGef;rsm;ukdvnf; olpdwf&SnfpGmjyefajzay;\/

olonf toufi,f&G,foljzpfaomfvnf; olYtouft&G,fESifh rvkdufatmif &ifhusuf\/ oabmxm;BuD;\/yef;csDpD;yGm;a&;avmuokdY 0ifa&mufvmaom uRefawmhfukd ol\ pD;yGm;NyKdifbufwpfOD;[k b,ftcgurS oabm

uRefawmf yef;csDukefonf(23)

OD;vS0if;(avol&JwpfOD;)

(,cifvrS tquf)

yef;csDrif;a0atmif\vuf&myef;csDrif;a0atmif\vuf&myef;csDrif;a0atmif\vuf&myef;csDrif;a0atmif\vuf&myef;csDrif;a0atmif\vuf&m

tawG;tjrif

rxm;cJhyg/olYukd uRefawmf aus;Zl;wif&

rnf[kqkdvQif aus;Zl;wifp&mrsm;trsm;tjym;yif &Sdygonf/

olYukd q&mjroef;wifh rdwfqufay;í cifrifpu atmifjrifaom yef;csDjycef;ykdif&SifwpfOD;tjzpfom odxm; \/atmifjrifaom yef;csDq&mwpfOD; tjzpfrodcJh/

rrSefyg/udkrif;a0atmifrSm jycef;ykdif&Sif

tvkyfxuf yef;csDq&mtvkyfwGif ykdíatmifjrifaeoljzpf\/ uRefawmf olYukdodptcsdefu olonf jrefrmEkdifiH\tEktvStyef;csD (Fine Art) avmuwGifxdyfqkH;ü &yfwnfaeonfh yef;csDq&mwpfOD;jzpf\/

olYyef;csDum; trsm;tjym;udkuRefawmfhrdwfaqGBuD; uavmufESifhw,f&DwkdYukd yGJpm;vkyfí uRefawmfa&mif;ay;cJhzl;\/

yGJca&m yGJnGefYa&m uRefawmf aiGtrsm;tjym; &cJhzl;\/

olonf uRefawmfhtwGuf ½kd;½kd;yef;csDq&m rdwfaqGwpfOD;r[kwfyg/yef;csDpD;yGm;zufwpfOD; jzpf\/

]]ukdrif;a0atmifudk b,fESckESpfrSmarG;vJ}}

]]1960 ckESpfrSmyg}}]]taz tar emrnfawGu...}}]]tz OD;[efMunf...? trd a':

tkef;vIdif...}}]]tz OD;[efMunfu yef;csDq&m

vm;...}}]]r[kwfygbl;/ uRefawmfhtazu

um;armif;w,f/ um;armif;orm;yg/uRefawmfu "EkjzLrSm arG;w,f/ "EkjzLNrKdUom;.../ uRefawmhftazu "EkjzLNrKdUeJY yef;waemfNrKdUukd um;qGJw,f/ um;armif;w,f}}

]]yef;csDynmoifausmif;ukd b,fESckESpfrSm wufvJ}}

]]1979 ckESpfrSm.../ uRefawmfyef;csDausmif; pwufwJhtcsdefwkef;uyef;csDausmif;ukd &Spfwef;atmifNyD;rSwufvkdY&w,f/ uRefawmfwkdYNrKdUrSmuRefawmfeJYodwJh... yef;csDausmif;uqif;vmwJh...yef;csDq&mawG &Sdw,f/Oyrm...wGwfyDa&;wJh umwGef;ukdaqGrif;wkdY...yef;csDjrifhaqGvIdifwkdY.../ uRefawmfu olwkdYukd tm;usw,f/ olwkdYvkdyef;csDq&mjzpfcsifw,f/ yef;csDausmif;wufcsifw,f/ 1978 ckESpfrSm &efukefyef;csDausmif;0ifcGifhpmar;yGJ 0ifajzw,f/ atmifw,f/ jyóemu tJ'DESpfrSm &Spfwef;ratmifbl;/ yef;csDausmif;wufcGifhr&bl;/ aemufwpfESpf &Spfwef;jyefajz&NyD; &Spfwef;pmar;yGJatmifoGm;rS 1979 ckESpfrSm yef;csDausmif; pwuf&w,f}}

]]yef;csDukd yef;csDausmif;a&mufrSpqGJwmvm;}}

]]yef;csDausmif;rwufcifuwnf;u pqGJygw,f/ uRefawmfu yef;csD0goemygw,f/ uRefawmfwkdYNrKdUrSmuvnf; uRefawmfwkdYukd oifjyay;EdkifwJh

yef;csDq&mBuD;awG &Sdw,f/ Oyrm-q&m OD;[efat;...? q&mav; OD;odef;xGef;.../ q&mBuD; OD;*Gef;...? q&mBuD;'*kHoef;.../ 'Dyk*¾KdvfBuD;awGu uRefawmfh&JU i,fq&mawGyg}}

]]ukdrif;a0atmif yef;csDausmif;pwufwJhtcsdefrSm apmapmu ajymjycJhwJhyef;csDaqGrif;wkdY... yef;csDjrifhaqGvIdifwkdYu yef;csDavmurSm atmifjrifaeNyDvm;...}}

]]ratmifjrifMuao;bl;/ yef;csDavmurSm olwkdYvnf; ½kef;uefaeMuwkef;yJ/ olwkd Yu uRefawmf hxuftoufig;ESpfajcmufESpfavmuf BuD;Muvdrfhr,f}}

]]ukdrif;a0atmifu i,fi,fwkef;u b,fvkd yef;csDum;rsKd; a&;wmrsm;vJ}}

]]ykHwl Portrait rsm;w,f/ tJ...t½kyf... Figure oefw,f/ ½Icif;ykH...Land Scape odyfroefbl;/ uRefawmfyef;csDausmif;a&mufawmh yxrESpfrSmyef;csDynm&JU tajccHawGukd oif&w,f/ oifay;cJhwJhq&mu OD;okc.../'kwd,ESpfrSm tEktvSyef;csD...(Fine Art)

ESifh ukefoG,frIyef;csD (Commerical Art)

ukd qufoif&w,f/ oifay;cJhwJhq&mawGu tEktvSyef;csDukd q&mOD;jrat;.../ ukefoG,frIyef;csDukd q&mOD;bvkHav;u oifw,f/ wwd,ESpfa&mufawmh tEktvSyef;csDudk q&mOD;bkduav;ausmfvIdifu oifw,f}}

]]ukdrif;a0atmifu yef;csDausmif;rSm b,fyef;csDrsKd;ukd txl;jyKNyD; oif&vJ}}

]]tEktvSyef;csD...Fine Art .../uRefawmfhukd tEktvSyef;csDoifzk d Yta&G;cH&w,f/ tEktvSyef;csDukd 'kwd,ESpfu poifw,f/ yxrqkH; a&aq;(Water Colour) tyg;.../ aemuf... a&

yef;csDrif;a0atmifyef;csDrif;a0atmifyef;csDrif;a0atmifyef;csDrif;a0atmifyef;csDrif;a0atmif

tawG;tjrif


aq;txl... Body Colour .../aemuf... qDaq;... Oil ...}}

]]ausmif;qif;wJhckESpfu...}}]]1982 ckESpf...}}]]ausmif;qif;NyD;awmh yef;csD

avmuukd b,fvkd 0ifvJ/ &GmjyefoGm;ao;vm;}}

]]rjyefbl;/ uRefawmfeJY wpfcsdefwnf; ausmif;qif;MuwJh ausmif;om;trsm;pkuawmh &GmjyefMu&w,f/uRefawmfuawmh uHaumif;w,f/&efukefrSm qufaeEkdifw,f/ bmaMumifhaeEkdifvnf;qkdawmh yef;csDq&mBuD;OD;okcaMumifh.../ q&mBuD;OD;okceJYuRefawmfu odyfcifw,f/ om;tzvkdcifw,f/ uRefawmf yef;csDausmif;qif;wJhtcsdefrSm q&mBuD;OD;okcu yef;csDausmif;tkyfBuD; jzpfoGm;NyD/ 'gaMumifhuRefawmf ausmif;qif;NyD;wJhtcsdefrSmq&mBuD;OD;okc rsufESmeJY yef;csDausmif;rSmyJ qufaecGifh&w,f/ aecGifhqkdwmvnf; ntdyfcGifhqkdygawmh/ pm;awmhq&mBuD;OD;okceJYyJ pm;w,f}}

]]yef;cs DpD;yGm;a&;avmuukdb,fvkdp0ifvJ}}

]]ukefoG,frIyef;csDtvkyfeJYywfoufNyD; xGef;xGef;aygufaygufomrjzpfcJhayr,fh uRefawmfu odyfuHaumif;w,f/ukefoG,frIyef;csDavmueJY uRefawmfuyef;csDausmif;om;b0uwnf;u ruif;bl;/ yef;csDausmif; wufaewkef;tcsdefrSmyJ pma&;q&mtrsKd;om;pmayqk&atmifausmfausmf&JU 0w¬KpmtkyfESpftkyf&JUrsufESmzkH;ukd a&;zl;w,f/ r*¾Zif;awGrSmvnf; rMumcP 0ifa&;zl;w,f/ ayzl;vTmr*¾Zif;rSmqkd&if ausmif;om;b0uwnf;u ta&mifav;a&mifygwJh...Four Colour 0w¬Ko½kyfazmfykH a&;zl;w,f/ pma&;q&m armifa&TpGef&JU0w¬K.../

]]ausmif;qif;NyD;wJhtcgusawmh...}}

]]rIcif;aMu;rkHr*¾Zif;rSm trsm;qkH;a&;w,f/ tJ'Dtcsdefu pmtkyfxkwfzkdYpDpOfwJhtvkyfukdkvkyfwJh ukdarmifarmifjrif hat;eJY uRefawmfu cifw,f/udkarmifarmifjrifhat;u rIcif;aMu;rkHukdudkifaewJhtcsdef/ udkarmifarmifjrifhat;eJYEG,fNyD; rIcif;aMu;rkHrSm o½kyfazmfykHawGa&;cGifh&w,f/ aemuf... pma&;q&marmifa&TpGefeJY ywfoufNyD; ½kyf&SifrsufrSefr*¾Zif;rSm a&;cGifh&w,f/ uAsmo½kyfazmfykHwkdY? 0w¬Ko½kyfazmfykHwkdY a&;w,f}}

]]yef;csDa&;cu...}}]]bm&SdrSmvJ/ uAsm o½kyfazmfykH

wpfykHrS wpfq,f...q,fhig;usyf&wJhacwfaygh...}}

]]aemuf...b,fr*¾Zif;awGrSm a&;ao;vJ}}

]]pmayvkyfom;r*¾Zif;rSmvnf;a&;w,f/ jzpfcsifawmh tJ'DtcsdefuusL&SifawG odyfacwfaumif;wJhtcsdef.../q&m bkdiftkdrif;opf...? q&mwpfokH;vkH;OD;cifarmifOD;? q&mrkd;[def;oef;atmif?q&mOD;&Jpkd;("mwk? ½ly)/ 'DemrnfBuD;usL&Sifq&mawG&JU vufurf;aMumfjim'DZkdif;awGukd a&;ay;w,f}}

]]yef;csDa&;cu...}}]]odyfr&Sdygbl;/ wpfq,f... q,fh

ig;usyf/ wcsKdU usL&Sif'DZkdif;awGqkd&ifig;usyfavmufyJ &cJhw,f/ 'DvkdusL&Sif'DZkdif;awGudk uRefawmfa&;cJhrdwmuuRefawmfukd,fwkdifu 'DZkdif;a&;wJhtvkyfukd 0goemygw,f/ yef;csDausmif;wufaeuwnf;u q&mOD;azxGef;qDrSm'DZkdif;qGJwJhynm oGm;oifzl;w,f}}

]]q&mOD;azxGef;qkdwmub,folvJ}}]]'DZkdif;ynm&Sif.../ aMumfjim'DZkdif;

yef;csDavmurSm odyfemrnfBuD;w,f/vlysHawmfywåjrm;wkdY.../ OD;csdefwD aq;aMumfjimwkdY[m 'Dq&mBuD;a&;cJhwJh 'DZkdif;awG.../ aemuf... ZmwfyGJ&JU ykdpwmawG

vnf; a&;zl;ao;w,f/ ZmwfawGuawmh Zmwfi,fawGyg/ odyfemrnfrBuD;wJh ZmwfawGyg}}

]]ukefoG,frIyef;csDavmurSm Mumvm;}}

]]odyfawmh rMumbl;/ 1983ckESpf... 1984 ckESpfavmuftxd aezl;w,f/ yef;csDausmif;uqif;NyD; okH;av;ESpfMumwJhtcsdeftxd qkdygawmh...}}

] ]tEktvSyef;cs D . . .Fine Art

avmuudk ajymif;cJhykHu...}}]]vkH;0rarQmfvihfbJ ajymif;rSef;

rodajymif;cJhwm/ tEktvSyef;csDukduRefawmf vkH;0ra&;bl;/ a&;&rSef;vnf;rodbl;/ ausmif;qif;yef;csDjyyJGtwGufokH;um;a&;NyD;awmh wpfum;rS xyfra&;jzpfbl;/ uRefawmf apmapmu &Sif;jycJhovkd yef;csDausmif;u qif;NyD;awmh q&mBuD;OD;okceJYtwl yef;csDausmif;rSmyJqufaew,f/ wpfESpf...ESpfESpfyJ aevkduf&ygw,f/ q&mBuD;OD;okcuyifpif,loGm;w,f/ uRefawmf zqyvwkdufcef;awG&SdwJhqD ajymif;cJh&w,f/ukdarmifarmifjrifhat;wkdYqDrSm iSm;aew,f/ tJ'DrSm ae&if;eJY yef;csDq&mBuD;&efukefbaqGwkdY q&mOD;b&ifav;wkdYeJY pcifw,f/ 'Dyk*¾KdvfBuD;awGuvnf;tJ'D&yfuGufrSm aeMuwm.../ aemuf...tJ'Dyk*¾KdvfBuD;awGqDudk 0ifxGufaeMuwJh vlvwfykdif;yef;csDq&mawGvnf;&Sdw,f/ Oyrm... ukdausmfaomif;wkdY...ukd0okefwkdYt&G,f yef;csDq&mawG.../'Dvlvwfykdif;yef;csD q&mawGeJYvnf;uRefawmf zqyvwkdufcef;rSm uyfae&wJhtcsdefrSmyJ pcifrifcJhwmyJ/ tEktvSyef;csD (Fine Art) avmuukd pa&mufcJh&wmuawmh yef;csDukdpdefatmifaMumifh...}}

]]b,fvkd...}}(qufvufazmfjyygrnf)

OD;vS0if;(avol&JwpfOD;)OD;vS0if;(avol&JwpfOD;)OD;vS0if;(avol&JwpfOD;)OD;vS0if;(avol&JwpfOD;)OD;vS0if;(avol&JwpfOD;)

tawG;tjrif


aiG-aiG-aiG avmurSm aiG[mav (18)(ed*kH;)Munfrif;

(1)uRefawmfwk d YacwfrS oDcsif;

wpfyk'f(aiG)\ pmom;wpfaMumif;ukd,lNyD; a&mbwfuD,kdqmuD\ Rich

Dad Poor Dad ukd uRefawmfcHpm;&ovkd jyefa&;jycJhygonf/ ,cktxd

awmh tcGeftaumufudpöuvGJvkd Ytm;vkH; azmfjyEkdifcJhNyD; jzpfonf/

rl&if;pmtkyfxJwGifawmh ol wDxGifaom aiGaMu;upm;yGJ (rkdEkdykdvDvkd upm;yGJ)ukd tajccHygonf/ pmtkyfukd bmomjyefjcif;jzpfvQifawmh uRefawmfonf

xkdupm;yGJtaMumif;yg xnfhoGif;&ayvdrfhrnf/ jrefrmjyefpmtkyfrsm;wGifvnf;ygaeNyD;jzpfum xkdupm;yGJonf uRefawmfwkdY jrefrmjynfESifh odyfBuD; tokH;rwnfhvSaomaMumifh uRefawmfhtzkdYbmrS odyfrcHpm;&ojzifh upm;yG J

(,cifvrS tquf)

tawG;tjrif


taMumif; uRefawmf csefxm;cJhygonf/uRefawmf t"duxm; wifquf

cJhonfrSm aiGaMu;OD;aESmufESifh aiGaMu;pOf;pm;ykHtaMumif;om jzpfygonf/

(2)uRefawmf cHpm;&oavmuf ajym

&vQif pma&;ol uD,kdqmuDu aiGaMu;ESifhywfoufí t"du ESpfckukd ajymcJhonf/ Financial Literacy ESifh Financial

IQ wkdY jzpf\/ Financial Literacy

qkdonfukd aiGaMu;ynm[k uRefawmfbmomjyefavh &Sdygonf/ t0iftxGufawG? tEkwftoGif;awG? ay;&ef &&efawGrSm ]pmwwf} zkdY (0g) jrifzkdY jzpfygonf/Financial IQ usawmh enf;enf; ykdjrifhvmonf/ aiGukdarQmNyD; aiGvkyfzkdY (0g)aiGaMu;ukd ckdif;pm;wwfzkdY (0g) ]aiGOD;aESmuf} &SdzkdY jzpfygonf/ Financial Lit-

eracy ukd tawmfrsm;rsm; a&;jycJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ Financial IQ ukdvnf;tweftoifh a&;jycJhNyD;ygNyD/ ,ck xyfrHtESpfcsKyfygrnf/

(3)uD,kdqmuDu Financial IQ

&SdaezkdYtwGuf uRrf;usif&ef vkdtyfaome,fy,fBuD; 4 ck &Sdonf[k qkd\/

(u) pm&if;ukdifynm Accountingpm&if;ukdifynmukd wD;rdacgufrd

&SdvQif Financial Literacy &&SdvmEkdifonf/ vkyfief;rSeforQ aiGaMu;jzifhvnfywfMu&onf/ aiGaMu;ukd t&if;wnfMu&onf/ vkyfief;BuD;vmavyg0ifvSnfhywf&aom aiGyrmPBuD;vmavav jzpfonf/ tusKd;tjrwfBuD;BuD;ukd arQmfrSef;vQif pGefYpm;&rI Risk

vnf; BuD;rm;vmonf/ Risk BuD;rm;vmvQif pm&if;Z,m;u ykdNyD; ta&;BuD;vmonf/ pm&if;tif;wdwdusus&SdzkdY ta&;BuD;vmonf/ vkyfief;u

tqifajyvsufom;ESifh t½IH;ay:oGm;?vkyfief;ysufoGm;Mu&jcif;rSm pm&if;tif;rEkdifí jzpfonf/

pm&if;Z,m;ukd em;vnfolonf&Sif;wrf; Statement wpfckukd Munfhvkduf½kHESifh vkyfief;\ tm;omonfhtykdif;?tm;enf;aeonfhtykdif;rsm;ukd 'ufceJjrifonf/

þynmrSm OD;aESmuf\ b,fbuftjcrf;udpö/

(c) &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrI Investingþynmuawmh OD;aESmuf\

nmbuftjcrf;udpö jzpfonf/ pGefYxGifpGefYpm;&rIawG ygonf/ aiGukd&if;NyD;aiGjzpfatmif xyfyGm;&mwGif bmawGvkyfrvJ b,fvkdvkyfrvJqkdaom r[mAsL[mtykdif; enf;AsL[mtykdif;rsm; jzpfonf/

(*) aps;uGufjrifrIUnderstanding Market

pD;yGm;a&;ynmwGif Input (oGif;tm;pk)ESif h Output (xGufukef)wkd YtaMumif; oifNyD;vQif a&mif;vkdtm; ESifh0,fvkdtm;qkdaom Supply and De-

mand tykdif;ukd qufoifMu&\/tvGefta&;BuD;aomtykdif; jzpfonf/txl;ojzifh ypönf;xkwfvkyfjcif; Pro-

duction rsm;wGif toGif;tiftm;pkwpfck Single Variable (input) twGuf&vmEkdifaom tusKd;tjrwftqifh okH;rsKd; Three areas of return ukd em;vnf&onf/ þtqifhESifhpmvQif Supply

and Demand u ykdí vG,fygonf/aps;uGuf&SdrS a&mif;vkdY&rnf/ aps;uGufu awmif;qkdrIrsm;vQif tjrwfrsm;rsm;usefrnf/ okdYaomf aps;uGufu tm;aumif;aewkdif; atmwkdufxkwfvkyfvkdYrjzpf/

]aps;uGufr&SdvQif tvkyfrjzpf} [kvnf; ajymvkdYr&jyefyg/ a&mif;ukefrSeforQwGif tpueOD;ü bmaps;uGufrSr&SdcJhyg/ xkdYaMumifh aps;uGufukd xGif,lwwfzkdY vkdonf/ xkdYtwlyif bmtopftqef;ukd arQmfvifhaeMurvJ/ tJ'Daps;uGufrSm bm0ifvkyf&if &rvJ[kwGufqwwfolrsm;u olaX;jzpfoGm;Muonfom/

Supply and Demand qkdonfrSmpD;yGm;a&;ynmorm;\udpöom jzpfonf? vlomrefrsm;? uav;rsm;ESifhvm;vm;rQ rqkdif[k xifaevQif rSm;ygonf/ a&mbwfuD,kdqmuD aygufpuav; (q,fESp fom;uav;)uk dazcsrf;om u ynmay;cJhykH Munfhyg/

aps;uGufwGif ajcvSrf;OD;aomfvnf; rlykdifcGifhOya'\ tumtuG,fukdaumif;pGm r&vQifawmh ukd,fhOD;aESmufolrsm;azmufpm;cH&wmom tzwfwifrnf/ uRefawmfwkdYqDu oBuFefyvwfpwpfypönf;aps;uGufukd Munfhyg/ wpfrkd;wGif;vkH; pdwful;xkwfMu&onf/ ykHpHawGxkwfNyD; prf;oyfMu&onf/ taumif;qkH;jzpfatmif trsKd;rsKd; trTrf;wif&onf/ usdwfBuKd;pm;Mu&jcif; jzpfonf/wpfck atmifjrifoGm;vQif odrf;xm;NyD;

aps ;u Gu fw Gi f a jcvSr f ;O D ;aom fvnf ; r ly k di fc Gi f U Oya'\ tumtuG,fukd aumif;pGmr&vQifawmU ukd,f UOD;aESmuf olrsm;azmufpm;cH&wmom tzwfwifrnf/ uRefawmfwk d hqDu oBuFefyvwfpwpfypönf;aps;uGufukd MunfUyg/

tawG;tjrif


aemuftopftqef;wpfrsKd; (Oyrm-a& aoewf atmifjrifoGm;vQif a&uifr&m)xyfxGifMu&jyefonf/ rkd;ukefawmhoGm;a&;vma&; c&D;vrf;omvmNyDjzpfí vkdaomukefMurf;awG pkaqmif;Mu& onf/ pufawGzefwD;&onf/ xkdtawm twGif;rSmyifNyK difbufawG\ ajcvSrf; awGukdtuJcwf& axmufvSr f ;&onf/ypönf;ukd,fwkdif rxkwfbJ pufomaxmifxm;ol vkyfief;vufcHolrsm;ESifhpum;ajymxm;& pmcsKyfcsKyfxm;&onf/pufawG iSm;xm;vQif xkdpufawGrSmokH;pGJ&rnfh rkd (Mould) rsm; tvkHtavmuf &SdaezkdY vkdonf/ xkdYtwGufukd,fykdif rkdq&mESifh raygufrMum;vkyfxm;EkdifzkdYvkdonf/ azazmf0g&Dvqef;NyDqkdonfESifh aeYrD; nrD;ESifh xkwfvkyfa&;awG vkyf&NyD/ tpdwftykdif;wpfckcsif; xkwfvkyfNyD; *kda'gifwGif odrf;onf/ tacsmxnfjzpfatmif wyfqifítdwfoGwfwHqdyfwyfonf/ rwfvqef;wGif 'kdifrsm;okdY tvkH;t&if;jzifh vkdufoGif;&onf/ 'kdifrsm;u BuKdufvQif odef;ESifhcsD rSm,lNyD; jzefYay;onf/ rvkHavmufvQif tcsdefrD xyfxkwfay;EkdifzkdY jyifxm;&onf/ rwfvwpfvvkH; jzefYcsdvkdufaomtcg {NyDvqef;rSpí vufvDqkdifrsm;ay: a&mufoGm;awmhonf/

tu,fí rdrdwDxGifxm;aomypönf;\ rlykdifcGifhukdom xdxda&mufa&muf rlykdifcGifh&vQif þvkd vQKdUvQKdU0Suf0SufvkyfaezkdY rvkdyg/ Pirate Copy

vkyfpm;olrsm;ukd w&m;pGJ avsmfaMu;awmif;ae½kHom &Sdonf/

,ck a&;jycJhonfrSm atmufwGifazmfjyonfh aemufqkH;tcsufukd xif&Sm;apvkdí jzpfygonf/

(C) Oya'ESifU pnf;rsOf;rsm;Oya'ukd em;vnfvQif aumfykd

a&;&Sif;axmifNyD; vkyfief;csJUxGifrIudpö?aps;uGufudpö? pm&if;tif;udpöawGukdxufxufjrufjruf vkyfaqmifjcif;tm;jzifh ukd,fhtajc ykdrkdBuD;xGm;vmEkdifonf/Oya'ESifh pnf;rsOf;rsm;ukd em;vnfjcif;(0g) avhvmxm;jcif;jzifh tcGeftaumufoufomaprnfh enf;vrf;rsm; cHpm;cGifhrsm; awGUvmrnf/ xkdYtjyif w&m;wabmifudpörsm;wGifvnf; tm;omcsufawG &vmEkdifonf/

olwkdYEkdifiHwGif vlcsrf;omqkdolrsm;ukd pm&if;ppfvkdufvQif bmrS rykdifMuonfukd awGUonf/ ukd,fa,mifazsmufxm;onf[k okH;EIef;&rnf xifonf/ okH;p&mrSeforQ ukrÜPDp&dwfrSokH;rnf/ ay;p&musawmh ukrÜPDuay;vdrfhrnf/ ta<u;udpöawG &Sif;p&mvif;p&m ½kH;a&muf*wfa&muf a&mufp&m&SdvQifvnf; ukrÜPDESifh ukrÜPDukd,fpm;jyK a&SUaea&SU&yfawGuyJ wm0ef,lMurnf/

(4)uD,kdqmuD wifjycJhaom oifcef;

pm (Oya'o) ajcmufckteuf pwkw¬jzpfaom tcGeftaumufrsm;\ orkdif;aMumif;ESifh aumfykda&;&Sif;wdkY\ tm;omcsuftxd wifjyNyD;cJhygNyD/ Oya'otrSwf 5 rSm ]olaX;onf "eukd zefwD;onf} [lí jzpf\/

&Sif;ygonf/ 0efxrf;u vkyftm;wkdY uRrf;usifrIwkdYukd olaX;xH vma&mif;onf/ ynm&Sifu olOD;aESmufokH;í wDxGifxm;&aomypönf;ukd olaX;xH vma&mif;onf/ olaX;u bmESifh0,fygoenf;/ aiGESifh wefzkd;jzwf 0,f,lvkdufygonf/ olYrSm 'Dvkd0,fzkdYaiGb,fu &ygoenf;/ olukd,fwkdif zefwD;,lygonf/ xkd YaMumif h The Rich

Invent Money [k qkdygonf/þae&mwGif uD,kdqmuDu ½kyf

jrifoHMum; owif;ESpfyk'ftaMumif;wifjyygonf/ wkdufwkdufqkdifqkdif a&SUqifhaemufqifhvTifhaom owif;ESpfyk'fyg/ yxrwpfckuawmh [kdwkef;u udpöjzpfonf/ bJvfqkdolwpfOD;u w,fvDzkef;ac: ta0;ajymud&d,mwpfckukdwDxGifonf/ NyD;awmh xkdpOfu wu,fhqlyg*&dwfukrÜPDBuD;jzpfonfh Western

Union okd Y oGm;um olYwDxGifr IwpfckvkH;ukd a':vmwpfodef;ESifh a&mif;vkdaMumif; aps;oGm;pyfonf/ ukrÜPDOuú|u bmr[kwfwmav;ukd aps;jr§ifhvGef;onfqkdNyD; avSmifvTwfvkdufonf/xkdYaMumifhyif A T & T qkdaom ukrÜPDaygufpav; ay:aygufvm&NyD; tm;vkH;ukd jzwfwufoGm;awmhonf/

þrSwfwrf;owif;um;tNyD;rSmukrÜPDwpfckwGif p&dwfoufomzkdY vlavQmhonfhtxJ ygoGm;aom refae*smrdom;pku tvkyfrjzKwfa&; toem;cHMuykH owif;ay:vmonf/ tvkyfjyKwfvQif ta<u;0,fxm;aom um;wkdY?tdrfwkdYukd bPfrS odrf;awmhrnf/ 0ifaiGr&Sdojzifh 'ku©a&muf&awmhrnf/ olwkdYrSm wjcm; xGufaygufr&Sd/ olrsm;vcpm;vkyf&rS xrif;0rnfholawG/

uD,kdqmuDu Financial IQ ukdavhusifh,lMuapcsifonfh &nf&G,fcsufrSm ]xGufaygufrsm;rsm; yGifhatmifvkdY}vkdYajymygonf/ ukd;em&D ½kH;wuf ig;em&D½kH;qif;qkdaom 9 to 5 rat race wGifusifvnfaeoltzkdY xGufaygufu wpfaygufwnf;om &Sdonf/ vukef&ufrSmvcxkwfzkdYrQom/ Financial IQ &Sdxm;olawG e,fy,fawmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSmavhusifh,lxm;olawGtwGufusawmhPlan A/Plan B awG &Sdaewwfonf/Plan A ac: ykHrSefpDrHcsufu tqifrajyawmhvQif Plan B jzifh vrf;aMumif;ajymif;Ekdifonf/

2004. SEPTEMBER. Living Colour.153

tawG;tjrif

(5)þae&mwGif uRefawmfh\ avm

avmvwfvwf ukd,fawGUukd ajym&awmhrnf/

ynma&;e,fwGif 35 ESpfausmfusifvnfvmcJh&NyD;aemuf xdyfqkH;&mxl;wGifvnf; tBuKdoabm wm0efay;cHxm;&NyD;NyDjzpfí a&SUa&;vrf;c&D;rSmtxpftzkr&Sd acsmarGUaeNyD[k uRefawmfxifcJhonf/ ukd,fh0ef;usifrSm ukd,fESifhteD;qkH;qkdí vGefcJhaom q,fESpfavmufurS ukd,fukd,fwkdif bGJUvGefvkyfay;xm;&olwpfOD;om &Sdaeonf/ bGJUvGefrSm ESpfaygif; 20 avmuf ukd,fuapmaewm tjyifvuf&Sd &mxl;rSmyifukd,fu wpfESpfausmf apmaecJhwmawGaxmufNyD; uRefawmf at;at;aecJh\/acsmufawG?urf;yg;awG a>rawG? uif;vdyfacsmawGtaMumif; rpOf;pm;cJh/ uRefawmfonf ukd,fhc&D;ukdom taumif;qkH;jzpfatmif aeYrtm; nrtm; BuKd;pm;aecJh\/ okdYaomf tcsdefwefawmh ukvm;xkdifukd &oGm;olu uRefawmfr[kwf/þvkd jzpfvmaomtcg uRefawmfhrSma&G;p&mvrf; r&Sdawmhay/ uRefawmfutoufykdi,faewm rSefaomfvnf;uRefawmfhukd aemufwpfBudrf xyfpOf;pm;awmhrnfr[kwf/ pOf;pm;&efvnf;taMumif;udpözefvmp&m r&SdEk dif/wu,fawmh ukvm;xkdifukd ray;jcif;rSm ]rif;xGufawmh} [k ajymvkdufjcif;omjzpfonf/

bmvkyfrvJ/ yifpifav;wifNyD;a,m*Dt0wftpm;0,fum bk&m;oGm;ausmif;wufvkyfzkdYom &Sdawmhonf/okdYaomf uRefawmfum; ajrjzLcJukdifwmwpfckwnf; wwfajrmufolr[kwf/Option awG yGifhaeonf/ 'D&nf;pm;uukd,fhukd ypfoGm;vkdY ylaqG;0rf;enf;umowfaocsifpdwfaygufaewmrsKd;uRefawmf

pdwfr0ifpm;ay/ acsmif;i,fajrmif;i,frS xGufNyD; jrpfBuD;tif;BuD;rSm ig;BuD;BuD;awG bmaMumifh rzrf;Ekdif&rSmvJ/

pma&;ol a&mbwfuD,kdqmuDu The more real you think money is,

the harder you will work for it. If you

can grasp the idea that money is not

real, you will grow richer faster [kqk dygonf/ aiGaMu;uk d wu,fht[kwfBuD;xifae&if aiGtwGuf (0ifaiGvpmtwGuf) wpftm;BuKd;pm;yrf;pm;vkyfawmhr,f? aiGqkdwm t&Sdw&m;r[kwfbl;? aiG&zkdYu ta&;rBuD;bl;qkdwJh oabmw&m;udk &oGm;NyDqkd&ifawmhcifAsm; jrefjrefcsrf;omvmawmhr,f [kbmomjyefvkdufygonf/

]aiG[m t&Sdw&m;r[kwfbl;/tppftrSefr[kwfbl;qkd&if bmu tppftrSefvJ¿ ta&;BuD;wmvJ¿

a&mbwfwkdY i,fi,fu azcsrf;om ukd ar;Munfhonf/

]ukd,foef&moef&m xifMuayghuGm} [k ajzvdkufaomfvnf; xifMuqkdaom pum;\ tus,ft0ef;ukdawmhpOf;pm;zkdYxm;cJhykH &\/ b,folYrSmrqkdwpfckwnf;aom tzkd;wefykdifqkdifrIrSm]pdwf} jzpfyg\/ pdwfukd pepfwus avhusifh,lvQif "eukdomr[kwf bmrqkdukdyif zefwD;Ekdifygonf/ ukd,fhpdwf (OD;aESmufESifhynm)udk pepfwus avhusif?atmifjrifrI <u,f0rIawG zefwD;- tJ'Dpdwf t&nftaoG;ukd rdom;pktwGif;vufqifhurf;...

xkdYtwlyif Untrained mind ac:ysKd;axmifrIr&SdcJhonfhpdwf (OD;aESmufynm)onf qif;&Jjcif;ukd ,laqmifvmwwfonf/ xkdcyfnhHnhH pdwft&nftaoG;onfvnf; rdom;pktwGif;vufqifhurf; 0ifa&mufoGm;wwfonfom/

(6)pmtkyfxJwGifawmh Oyrmjzifh jy

xm;onf/ uRefawmf tMurf;zsif;oma&;jyygawmhrnf/ a&mbwfwpfa,muftdrfa&mif;tdrf0,fvkyfief;jzifh pm;omaeaMumif; owif;Mum;&aom oli,fcsif;wpfa,mufu olvnf; þvkyfief;vkyfcsifaMumif; ajymonf/ tqifajyavmufaom tdrfwpfvkH;awGUí vkdufjyawmh awmifawmiftDtD vkyfaeonf/ r0,fjzpfvkduf/ 0,fom0,fvkdufvQif tawmfjrwfoGm;EkdifonfhyGaygufBuD;jzpf\/ a&mbwfwkdY tdrfa&mif;tdrf0,fvkyfonf qkdjcif;rSm r0,frDuyif jrwfaeatmif 0,fjcif;jzpfaMumif;uRefawmf a&;jycJhzl;ygonf/

ajrjzifh olaX;jzpfvkdaom xkdoli,fcsif;rSm trSm;rsm;pGm &Sdonf/ta&;BuD;aom ESpfcsufrSm-

(u) tdrfa&mif;ajra&mif;vkyfcsifonf[kom ajymonf/ bmukdrS qnf;yl;rxm;/ aps;uGufudkrQ rod/

(c) rpGefYpm;&J/xdkESpfcsufonf qufpyfae\/

csrf;omcsifvQif pGefYpm;&J&rnf? rpGefYpm;&JbJESiffhawmh csrf;omzkdYrvG,f/ okdYaomf a&mbwfwkdYvkd vlpm;rsKd;\ pGefYpm;rIrsK d;um; Calculated risk ac:tm;vkH; wGufcsufqifjcifNyD;rS pGefYpm;jcif; jzpfonf/ xkdokdY wGufcsufqifjcifEkdifzkdYtwGuf tdrfajra&mif;0,fenf;oifwef;wkdY ajr,mykdifqkdifcGifh Oya'rsm;oifwef;wkdY ae&if;xkdif&if; 0ifaiGwkd;yGm;apenf;oifwef;wkdY paoma':vm ig;&mwpfaxmifwef oifwef;awG wufonf/ aps;uGufxJ ukd,fwkdif0ifonf/ wcsKdUuawmh a':vmaomif;ESifh odef;ESifhcsDNyD; tvkyfvkyfzkdYudpöwGifa':vmwpfaxmifwefoifwef;wufzkdYESajrmaeMuonf/

tawG;tjrif


pGefYpm;rIqkdwm &Sdrnfyif/ pGefYpm;rIukd a&SmifvkdvQif a&SmifvkdY &ygonf/bmrSrvkyfvQif bmrS pGefYpm;aep&mrvkdyg/ okdYaom wu,fjzpfoifhonfuawmh (oifwef;BuKdwufwm aps;uGufqif;avhvmwmrsKd;vkd) pGefYpm;rIukd &ifqkdifpDrHjcif;qkdaom Management

of risk yJ vkyf&rSm jzpfyg\/(7)

a&mbwfuD,dkqmuD\ q|ra&mbwfuD,dkqmuD\ q|ra&mbwfuD,dkqmuD\ q|ra&mbwfuD,dkqmuD\ q|ra&mbwfuD,dkqmuD\ q|rOya'orSm aiG&zkdY tvkyfvkyfwmxufOya'orSm aiG&zkdY tvkyfvkyfwmxufOya'orSm aiG&zkdY tvkyfvkyfwmxufOya'orSm aiG&zkdY tvkyfvkyfwmxufOya'orSm aiG&zkdY tvkyfvkyfwmxufynm&zkdY tvkyfvkyfwm jzpfygap[líynm&zkdY tvkyfvkyfwm jzpfygap[líynm&zkdY tvkyfvkyfwm jzpfygap[líynm&zkdY tvkyfvkyfwm jzpfygap[líynm&zkdY tvkyfvkyfwm jzpfygap[líjzp fygonf/jzp fygonf/jzp fygonf/jzp fygonf/jzp fygonf/ tcaMu;aiGtwGuftvkyfvkyfaeolonf tvkyf\ tvStyESifh wefzkd;tppfukd rjrifEkdifay/uRefpdwfoufoufESifh uRefcHaejcif;[kqkd&ayrnf/ uRefpdwfjzifh trIawmfxrf;aevQif ukd,fhtwGuf vkyftm;cuvJGNyD; bmrS &rnfr[kwf/ uGefysLwmpmpDpm½kdufvkyfief;qkdygpkdY/ ay;orQ ½kdufvTwfaeoltzkdY olYvkyfief;rS ol&rnfrSm wpfrsufESm b,favmuf? okdYr[kwfaeYwGufb,favmufqkdonfh vkyftm;com jzpfvdrfhrnf/ ynm&Smvkdol ocifpdwfjzifh tvkyfvkyfvkdolu ukd,f½kdufae&aom pmawGukd aoaocsmcsm zwfNyD;vSatmif tqifajyatmif rSefuefatmif jyifay;ae&if;uyif vkdvkdvm;vm; zwf½INyD;om;jzpfum ae&if;xkdif&if; A[kokwawG <u,f0vmEkdifonf/ukd,fukdifaeonfh uGefysLwmudk wkd;csJUavhvmjcif;jzifh pmpDpm½kdufxufykdus,fjyefYaom uGefysLwmavmuxJokdY0ifa&mufavhvm wwfajrmufEkdifonf/

(8)acG;tkdBuD;vufay;oifaevkdY&rvm;

bmxl;rSmvJ[k qifajcay;Muygvdrfhrnf/ topftqef;wpfckukd vkyfMunfhawmhrnfqkdvQif twm;tqD;trsm;qkH;ESifh tMuefYMumqkH;tykdif;rSm vkyf&Ekd;

rvkyf&Ekd; csDwkHcswkH jzpfaeaomumvjzpf\/ pdwfwif;NyD; &J&JqkH;jzwfvQiftm;vkH;vG,fvifhwul jzpfoGm;ygvdrhfrnf/ Mind-Set [k ac:aom pdwfaepdwfxm;u t"dujzpfonf/ 'Dt&G,fBuD;usrS aumif;yghrvm;wkdY? oifvkdYwwfrS wwfyghrvm; wkdYqkdaom tysufawG;rsm;onf vlukd edrfh&mokdYom qGJcswwfygonf/ uRefawmfhtdrfwGifrdom;pkajcmufa,muf&Sdonf/ uGefysLwm&Sdonf/ uRefawmfESifh orD;av;a,mufpvkH; uGefysLwmwwfMuonf/ uRefawmhfZeD; aq;ynmygarmu©BuD;onf uGefysLwm vkH;0rwwfay/ uGefysLwmomruyg ½kyfjrifoHMum;pufwkdY VCD

wkdYvnf; rzGifhwwfyg/ rkdufu½kda0hzfrD;zkdukdvnf; aMumufvkdYqkdNyD; rzGifhyg/t0wfavQmfpufwkdY a&cJaowåmwkdYusawmh tkdauygyJ/ rvkyfcsifwm rodcsifwmavmuf qkd;0g;onfhudpör&Sdyg/ rodolukdodatmif oifay;Ekdifonf/rwwfolukd wwfatmif oifay;Ekdifonf/ okdYaomf rvkyfcsifol rodcsifolukdawmhvufavQmhvkdufwm aumif;ygonf/

(9)ynmqkdonfrSm tvkdvkdwwf

vmwmrsKd;r&Sdyg/ oifwef;wufvQifwufpmtkyfzwfNyD; ukd,fh[mukd,f BuKd;pm;vQif BuKd;pm;/ wpfrsKd;rsKd;wpfenf;enf;jzifhawmh ynmoif&ygrnf/ csrf;omcsifvQifvnf; csrf;omzkdY ynmukdawmhwwfaezkdY vkdonf/

rdrdukd,fzkdYukokdvfykdYuigwkdY&Sd&mpD;yGm;vm-[kMur®mukdcsnf;rSwfxif&nf;-&Sifhusifhenf;oGrf;qkH;vlrkdufxkH;ukd

ESvkH;rNidwG,faprif;[k a&S;ynm&SdwkdYu qkH;ryg

onf/ a&S;ukokdvf&Sd&if "eOpömawGtvkdvkda&mufvmvdrfhr,fqkdwJh vlrkdufawG uHukd tm;ukd;ovkdrsKd; tm;rukd;eJY[k qkdvkdygonf/

(10)a&mbwfuD,kdqmuDwGif taz

ESpfa,muf &Sdygonf/ zcift&if;uyg&*lbGJU&ol? ynma&;t&m&SdBuD;?vpmaumif;aumif;&aomfvnf; ta<u;awG tcGeftcawGMum;rSm 0Jepfaeol/xkd ]azynm} u ighom;- ynmwwfatmifoif? ynmxl;cRef&if &mxl;aumif;aumif;&NyD; vpmBuD;BuD;&r,f[k qkH;ronf/

olYoli,fcsif; rkduf \ zcifuawmh bGJUawG 'D*&DawG &SdykHray:/ vkyfief;&SifwpfOD;rQom/ okdYaomf aiGaMu;ukdpDrHcefYcGJwwfaomaMumifh oef;aygif;&mESifhcsDaom vkyfief;tifyg,mBuD; csJUxGifEdkifcJhonf/ xkd ]azcsrf;om} u ynmoifyg-ynmeJYavmuukd jrifatmifMunfhyg/ aiGaMu;ynmudkwwfatmifoifNyD; ocifpdwfeJY tvkyfvkyf[k qkH;ronf/

a&mbwfuD,d kqmuDuawmhzcifESpfOD;pvkH;qDrS ynm,lNyD; olYb0ukd wnfaqmufygaMumif; 0efcHonf/

Rich Dad Poor Dad ukd uRefawmfcHpm;&ovkd jyefa&;jy&onfrSm aysmfp&maumif;ygonf/ *½kwpkdufapmifharQmfxnfhoGif;ay;cJhaom Living Color

r*¾Zif;udkvnf; aus;Zl;wifygonf/apmifharQmfzwf½IMuaom y&dowfukdvnf; aus;Zl;wifygonf/

Munfrif;Munfrif;Munfrif;Munfrif;Munfrif;

tawG;tjrif


*kdPf;ukdNzKdzkdh acgif;ukdjzKwfwJUAsL[mDISBAND THE BAN-DITS BY CAPTURINGTHEIR LEADER

'DAsL[m&JU acgif;pOfu xefrif;qufacwf emrnfausmfpmqkdBuD; ]wkzk}&JU Going Out:First Part ]xGufcGmzkdYt&ifcGJcGm}qkdwJh uAsmxJu ,lxm;wmjzpfw,f/

]]av;okH;&if oefwJhav; okH;&r,f?

jrm;okH;&if &SnfwJhjrm; okH;&r,f?vlukdypfcsif&if olYjrif;ukd t&if

ypf&r,f?"m;jy*kdPf;ukdNzKdcsif&if acgif;aqmif

ukd t&ifzrf;&r,f}}When using a bow, one should

use a strong bow, When using an ar-

row, one should use a long arrow, To

shoot at a person, one should first

shoot his horse, To disband the ban-

dits, one should first catch their leader.

'DuAsm&JU qkdvkdcsufu jyóem udka jz& Si f ;r,fqk d&i f jyóem&J UtaMumif;&if;ukd &Sm&r,fqkdwm jzpfw,f/ ]a>rzrf;&if acgif;u zrf;&w,f}

qkdwJh w½kwf½kd;&ma&S;pum;eJY oabmcsif;twlwl jzpfw,f/ a>rukd tNrD;wkdYukd,fvkH;wkdYu ukdifzrf;&if acgif;vSnfhNyD; aygufEkdifw,f/ acgif;ukdifzrf;&ifawmh bmrSrvkyfEkdifawmhbl;/ 'Doabmw&m;ukd xif[yfjywJh Zmwfvrf;wpfyk'f&Sdw,f/

aemufcHorkdif;Zmwfvrf;at'D 757 u xefrif;qufu

bk&if ]xefpkusKH;}u ]pdG,ef;} NrKdUukdolykef&efu umuG,fzkdY ppfaoemywdBuD; ]usef;pGifh} udk wm0efay;vkdufw,f/ usef;pGifh&JU wyfawGu ],ifusdcsD}acgif;aqmifwJh olykefawGukd wGef;vSefwkdufckdufMuw,f/ olykefwyfom; 5000avmuf aoqkH;oGm;wJhtcg olykefwyfawG wdrf;a&SmifoGm;Muw,f/ olykefAkdvfcsKyf ,ifusdcsD b,fae&m b,fa'orSm ckdatmif;aew,fqkdwm b,folrSawGUatmif r&SmEkdifMubl;/ 'Dtcgusef;pGifhu y&d,m,fokH;zkdY BuHqNyD; olYwyfom;awGukd aumuf½kd;eJYvkyfxm;wJhjrm;awGeJY olykefawGudk ypfcwfMuzkdYapckdif;vkdufw,f/

olyke fwyfom;awGuusef;pGifhwkdYbufu aumuf½kd;jrm;awGeJYypfwm awGU&wJhtcgbk&ifhwyfom;awGrSm av;jrm;vufeufawGr&SdawmhvkdY aumuf½kd;udk jrm;vkyfNyD; ypfae&w,f/cktcsdef 0ifwkduf&if tvG,fwuleJYEkdifNyDvkdY ,lqoGm;Muw,f/ 'Dtcsufukd olwkdY AkdvfcsKyfqD oGm;owif;ykdY&r,fqkdNyD; xGufoGm;Muw,f/ olwkdYaemufu vkdufoGm;NyD; olykefAkdvf ,ifusdcsD ykef;atmif;&mukd odoGm;Muw,f/tJ'Dtcg usef;pGifhwyfom;awGu'vpyf ypfcwfwkdufckdufMuwJh

tcg ,ifusdcsD b,fbufrsufpd jrm;rSefNyD; uef;oGm;w,f/ wkdufyGJNyD;oGm;wJhtcg ,ifusdcsD vGwfajrmufoGm;ayr,fh olYwyfwpfckvkH; acsrIef;cHvkduf&w,f/

okH;oyfcsufeJh vufawGYusifhokH;rIppfyGJrSm acgif;aqmifusoGm;&if

wyfwpfckvkH; pdwf"mwfysufjym;NyD; upOfhuvsm; jzpfoGm;avh&Sdw,f/ 'gaMumifhacgif;aqmifukd t&ifqkH;jzKwfEkdif atmifBuKd;pm;Mu&w,f/ azmfjyNyD; AsL[m 16u ]aemifrSm jyefzrf;zk d Y &efolukdvTwfay;wJhAsL[m}&JU &nf&G,f csufu&efol Ypp fwyfuk d tEk di f&z k d Yxuf&efolYpdwf"mwfukd tEkdif&zkdY jzpfw,f/ppfyGJrSm vltaotaysmuf enf;Ekdif orQenf;enf;eJY tEkdif&zkdY jzpfw,f/ &efolukdzr f ;r dvk duf jye fvTwfay;vk duf ?aemufjyefzrf;vkduf jyefvTwfvkdufvkyfjcif;eJY &efolYpdwf"mwfysufjym;oGm;apEkdifw,f/ MoZmBuD;rm;wJh acgif;aqmifwpfa,muf tnHhcHvkdufNyDqkdwmeJY usefvltm;vkH; tnHhcHMuawmhrSm aocsmoavmuf jzpfw,f/

(,cifvrS tquf)

pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;okH;36 yg; ppfAsL[musrf;

(18)

vlxkpdef0if;


tawG;tjrif

pD;yGm;a&;avmurSmawmh ukrÜPDawG[m NyKdifbufukrÜPDawGu OD;pD;acgif;aqmifvkyfaewJh refae*smaumif;awGukd ukd,fhqD a&mufvmatmif enf;rsKd;pkHokH;NyD; qGJaqmifodrf;oGif;avh&SdMuw,f/ pDtD;tkdaumif;wpfa,muf ukd,fhbufygvmjcif;[m NyKdifbufukrÜPD0efxrf;awGMum; pdwf"mwfysufjym;rIawG ay:aygufvmap½kHomru ukd,fhbufa&muf pDtD;tkdeJYtwl olYuRrf;usifrIawGtjyif olYpD;yGm;a&;tquftoG,fawGyg &&Sdvkdufwm jzpfw,f/ pifumylu yifv,f&yfjcm; tdrfajra&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;BuD;wpfck&JU xdyfwef;ygwemtuf'refxsJU EkwfxGufoGm;wJhtcgrSmukrÜPDu vlawmfawG trsm;BuD;vkdufxGufoGm;Muw,f/ aemufawmh olwkdYtm;vkH; pkaygif;NyD; ukrÜPDwpfck axmifMuw,f/ ESpfESpfawmif rMumvkdufcifrSm rlv olwkdYvkyfcJhwJh ukrÜPDudk yckH;csif;,SOfEkdifwJh t"duukrÜPDBuD; jzpfoGm;w,f/

tm&SpD;yGm;a&;zGHUNzKd;vmvkdY &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIawG wkd;wufrsm;jym;vmwJhtcgrSm refae*smaumif;awG trsm;BuD;vkdtyfvmcJhw,f/ w½kwfwkdY? xdkif0rfwkdY?a[mifaumifwkdYu taemufEkdifiHawGrSm&SdaeMuwJh w½kwfvlrsKd;awGukd tcGifhta&;aumif;? rufvkH;aumif;awGay;NyD;jyefvmatmif pnf;½kH;odrf;oGif;Muw,f/ EkdifiHpkHaumfykda&;&Sif; MNC awGjzpfMuwJh Allied Signals, Motorola,

Dell Computers, Coca-Cola pwJhvkyfief;BuD;awGuvnf; w½kwf?AD,uferf? pifumyl? rav;&Sm;? a[mifaumif pwJh a'oawGudk vTwfzkdY w½kwfpum;a&m t*Fvdyfpum;ygwwfolawGudk &SmazGac:,liSm;&rf;aeMu&w,f/

ynma&;e,fy,frSmvnf; okawoevkyfief;eJY xif&Sm;ausmfMum;NyD;

pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;BuD;awGeJ Yvnf;tquftoG,faumif;aumif;&Sdxm;wJhygarmu©awG? okawoDawGukd ukrÜPDawGu tNyKdiftqkdif vkdufvH&SmazGac:,lMu&w,f/

]*kdPf;ukdNzKdzkdY acgif;ukdjzKwfwJhAsL[m} u acgif;aqmifaumif; ta&;BuD;ykHukd ajymcsifwmwifrubl;/ jyóemwpf&yf ay:aygufvmwJhtcg jyóemjzpfyGm;&wJh taMumif;&if; Zmpfjrpfukd&SmzkdY ta&;BuD;aMumif;vnf; axmufjycsifwm jzpfw,f/ jyóemwpfckjzpfvmwJhtaMumif;awG trsm;BuD; &SdwwfpNrJyJ/ 'gayr,fh t"dutusqkH;taMumif;uawmh wpfckwnf;om&Sdw,f/ tJ'Dt"duudk r&Sif;bJ tqG,ftyGm;awGukd &Sif;ypf½kHeJY jyóem b,fawmhrS ajz&Sif;EkdifrSm r[kwfbl;/ &Sif;vkdufay:vkduf jzpfaerSmyJ jzpfw,f/t"duZmpfjrpf Root ukd awGUatmif&SmNyD;&Sif;ypfEkdifrS tNyD;tjywf ajz&Sif;vkdY&rSmjzpfw,f/

pifumylEkdifiHrSm tvkyform;vkyfcawGBuD;jrifh? qkdifiSm;&rf;cawGacgifckdufvmwmaMumifh xkwfvkyfrIp&dwfawG wpfaeYwjcm; wufoxufwufvmw,f/ tJ'Dtcg vufvDaps;uGufusoGm;w,f/ 'Dawmh vufvDvkyfief;&SifawGu tpkd;&aumufcHaewJhtcGeftwkwfawG avQmhayghay;zkdY awmif;qkdMuw,f/ tpkd;&u vdkufavsmEkdifoavmuf vkdufavsmay;cJhayr,fh vkyfcwkdY iSm;&rf;cwkdYuawmh BuD;NrJBuD;aecJhw,f/ 'Dawmh jyóem[m yaysmufroGm;cJhygbl;/

a[mifaumifuawmh 'Dvkdrvkyfbl;/ xkwfvkyfrI ukefusp&dwf jrifhwufvmwmudk olu xkwfvkyfrI ykdrkdjrifhwufvmatmifvkyfjcif;eJY &ifqkdifw,f/Oyrm-rkefYzkwfvkyfief;u aqmif&GufykH

ukd emrlemjycsifw,f/ NrKdUwGif; rkefYwkdufBuD;awG[m aps;BuD;wmaMumifh ta&mif;usvmw,f/ tJ'Dtcg xkwfvkyfrIp&dwfBuD;jrifh&wJhtaMumif;&if;ukd &SmMuawmht"duZmpfjrpfukd oGm;awGU&w,f/a[mifaumifrkefYwkdufBuD;awG[m wkdufcef;&JUwpf0ufukd ta&mif;jycef; vkyfxm;NyD; aemufbufu wpf0ufukd rkefYzkwfwJhvkyfief; vkyfavh&SdMuw,f/ 'Dawmh jyóemudk avhvmolawGu qkdifcef;ae&mwpfckvkH;ukd ta&mif;jycef;vkyfEkdif&if ae&mwpf0uf tv[ó0ifaiGr& qkH;½IH;wJhtjzpfu vGwfr,f/rkefYvkyfwmukd ae&musOf;usOf;rSm rsm;rsm;xGufatmif pufud&d,mawGeJY csnf;xkwfvky fE k di fatmi f vky fr,f/aemufNyD;awmh rkefYzkwfwJhvkyfief;csnf;oufoufvkyfwJh rkefYzkwform;awGukdukd,fvkyfcsifwJhrkefYawG vkyfckdif;&ifae&ma&m tvkyform;yg vkdtyfrIavsmhoGm;w,fvkdY avhvmod&SdcJhMuw,f/ olwkdYavhvmawGU&Sdcsuftwkdif;vkyfief;&SifawGu jyKjyifvkyfaqmifMuawmh xkwfvkyfrItrsm;BuD; wkd;wufvmovkd xkwfvkyfrIp&dwfvnf; avsmhusoGm;cJhMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh pifumylrkefYvkyfief;awG usqif;oGm;ayr,fha[mifaumifrkefYvkyfief;uawmh ykdNyD;wkd;wufvmcJhw,f/ 'g[m jyóemZmpfjrpfukd rSefrSefuefuef okH;oyf&SmazGEkdifcJhjcif;aMumifh jzpfw,f/ ]*kdPf;ukdNzKdzkdY acgif;ukdjzKwfwJhAsL[m} twkdif; vkdufemusifhokH;EkdifcJhjcif;aMumifh jzpfw,f/

vlxkpdef0if;vlxkpdef0if;vlxkpdef0if;vlxkpdef0if;vlxkpdef0if;27-7-2004

(Wee Chow Hou eJY Lan Luh Luh wkdY a&;wJh]]The 36 Strategies Of The Chinese}} qkdwJh

1999 xkwf pmtkyfukd bmomjyefxm;wmjzpf ygw,f/)

tawG;tjrif


Living Colour (End).pmd

Documents

Transcript of Living Colour (End).pmd