ABSTRACT

-Guraghe people’s self help development organization (GPSDO) is one of the most

known NGOs in Guraghe zone.

There is no research done on assessing the role of NGOs in realizing MDGs specifically

in Guraghe zone. This research paper tried to assess the role of NGOs in realizing MDGs

with especial focus on GPSDO in Guraghe zone to fill the information gap.

The objective of the study was to assess the role of NGO in achieving the MDGs in the

case of Guraghe People self help Development Organization

The study was conducted using qualitative and quantitative methods. For the

qualitative method, indepth interview with administrative personnel of the

organization, beneficiary and some government bodies was done. While for the

quantitative method, questionnaire and documented lists of the organization were

reviewed. Lastly the data were analyzed by using thematic analysis method..Generally,

the result of this study shows GPSDO has contributed a great role on preventing

extreme poverty and hunger, creating sustainable environment, combating HIV/AIDS

and malaria, promoting gender equality and empowerment of women, achieving

universal education and improving maternal health to realize the MDGs in Guraghe

zone.

GPSDO has significant roles in realizing MDGs in Guraghe zone

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Oh! Allah, there is nothing easy unless You make it so …., Alhamdulillah.

I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor Ato Tariku Ayele for his continuous advice and guidance.

My acknowledgment also goes to my Mam and Dad, my friends Momina,

Dr. Abdulaziz, Hayat and GPSDO’s staff (i.e. Ali, Nesru, and Alula) for their support.

I

II

ACRONYMS

- MDGs- Millennium Development Goals

- IGA- In come Generated Activities

- GPSDO- Guraghe peoples Self -help Development Organization

- NGO- Non governmental Organizations.

- CBRHAs=Community based reproductive health Agents

- UNDP= United nation development programs.

- SNNPR=Southern Nation Nationalities People Republic

- WB= World Bank

- PLWHA= People Living with HIV/ADIS

- FP- Family Planning

- RH-Reproductive Health

- GO=Government Organization

- PHE= Population Health and Environment

- OVC = Orphan vulnerable children

- ARH= Adult reproductive health

- HTP= Harm full Traditional Practice

- STD= Sexually Transmitted Disease

IV

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents

page

Acknowledgement …………………………………………………………......................I

Abstract ………………………………………………………………….......................…II

List of tables and graphs…………………………….............................................III

Chapter one Introduction

1.1 Background……………………………………………………………….....................1

1.2 Statement of the problem…………………………………………………..........…...3

1.3 Objectives of the study

1.3.1 General objectives…………………………………………………..................4

1.3.2 Specific objectives………....................................................................4

1.4 Significance of the study…………………………………………………...................4

1.5 Methodology……………………………………………………………..........................5

1.5.1 Study design………………………………………………………......................5

1.5.2 Study area and population………………………………………....................5

1.5.3 Sample design………………………………………………………....................6

Source of data………………………………………………………….................6

1.5.4 Data collection instrument………………………………………....................6

1.5.5 Data analysis………………………………………………………….................6

1.5.6 Ethical issue……………………………………………..................................7

Chapter two

2 Literature review……………………………………………………..................................8

2.1Definition of NGO.................................................................................................8

2.2 Rise of NGOs..................................................................................................9

2.3 Types of NGOs................................................................................................9

2.4NGOs and state Relationship...........................................................................9

2.5 Source of fund for GPSDO...............................................................................................................10

2.6 placing MDGs in the local context...............................................................................................................10

2.7 Challenges that NGOs face ..........................................................................11

Chapter three

Result and Discussion…………………………………………...................................12

3.1 Prevent extreme poverty and hunger...........................................................13

3.2 Environmental sustainability.......................................................................15

3.3 combating HIV/AIDS Malaria and other diseases.........................................16

3.4 Promoting gender equality and empowerment............................................. 17

3.5 Achieving Universal. Primary Education......................................................18

3.6Improving material health............................................................................19

3.7Reduacing child Mortality............................................................................21

3.8 Developing Global partnership for development.......................................... 21

3.9 Community or beneficiary participation.......................................................21

3.10 sources of fund for GPSDO......................................................................22

3.11 strength of and weakness of GPSDO....................................................... 23

3.12 Challenges that GPSDO face in achieving MDGs.....................................23

Chapter four

Conclusion and Recommendation......................................................................24

4.1 Conclusion....................................................................................................24

4.2 Recommendation........................................................................................25

References..........................................................................................................26

Questionnaires...................................................................................................28

V

LIST OF TABLES AND GRAPHS

Table 3.1-shows the distributions and frequency of existed and newly established school clubs by GPSDO in woredas of Guraghe zone............................................19

Figure 1-percentage distribution of contraceptive prevalence ratein target area of GPSDO from 2005-2010.......................................................................................20

1. Introduction1.1 Background of the studyThe Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are accumulation of

several consultations that since the mid 1990s on several

international forums regarding global poverty and human

deprivation. There are eighteen specific targets that set the

eight goals and more man 48 indicators to monitor these targets.

A number of agents usually participate to implement the

Millennium Development Goal (MDGs) in a given country. These

includes international donor agencies, government, private sector

and non governmental organizations (NGO).

The voluntary sector in Ethiopia is age-old. Prior to

establishment of registration of NGO, indigenous groups have been

involved in humanitarian activities since in the time of

immemorial.

Before 1970’s only few (probably less than ten) NGOs were

operational in a country, most of them located in the main

CHAPTER-ONE

established as the Guraghe road Construction Organization

(GRCO) in 1961 with the aim of linking the Guraghe land to

the national high way systems. GRCO was founded by the urban

elites, by the request of rural elders so as to activate

urban-rural linkages with in sebat bet Guraghe communities

(Ato Worku, Admin of GPSDO).

The organization has expanded its activities from this

original aim to encompass a wide range of rural development

activities and in 1988 the organization changed its name to

the Guraghe people’s self-help Development organization

(GPSDO).

1.2 Statement of the problem Ethiopia is one of the poorest country in the world in which

large number of people are struggling for survival. The

country registered lowest human development in the past

three decades. Ethiopia registered relatively the lowest in

development indicator (WB 2005).

The Economic report for Africa (2005) described, Ethiopia is

a country on promising trace to achieve the Millennium

Development Goal. (MDGs) by 2015. Many NGOs are working to

achieve MDGs.

NGOs are now working on development activity by filling gap.

They work on health, food insecurity, environmental

protection and others that are necessary in over all

development and in order to achieve Millennium Development

goals (MDGs).

Generally, research like Mogus (2007) tried to see the

contribution of NGOs to the community development and Rahel

(2006) attempt to show the role of NGOs in funding

development projects. However the role of NGOs in realizing

MDGs is not assessed. Thus this study tries to assess the

role of NGOs/specifically GPSDO/ in achieving Millennium

Development Goals (MDGs).

1.3 Objectives of the study 1.3.1 General objective

The study intended to assess the role of NGOs in achieving

Millennium Development Goals in Guraghe zone with special

focus on Guraghe Peoples Development Self -help

Organization.

1.3.2 Specific objectives

1 To asses the role of GPSDO in fighting HIV/AIDS,

preventing malaria and other diseases,

2 To assess the role of GPSDO in environmental

sustainability,

3 To assess the role of GPSDO in expanding

education,

4 To assess the role of GPSDO in poverty reduction

1.4 Significance of the study

The significances of the study are:-

1. The study will identify respective problem.

2. The study may initiate other researchers to conduct on

similar topic.

3. The study may serve as a reference material for a

person who will undertake studies on the same or

similar topic.

4. finally the study is important for the student

researcher to get bachelor of Arts Degree in sociology.

1.5 Research method

The study was used qualitative and quantitative method.

Qualitative method is applied by collecting data through

interview with the administrative personnel of the

organization, some governmental bodies and beneficiaries

while quantitative method is applied by collecting data from

recorded documents of the organization activities using

questionnaire. .

1.5.1 Study design

The cross sectional research was employed and the data will

be collected not to see changes but what is going on at time

of the study.

1.5.2 Study area and population

Guraghe zone is located in SNNPR administratively. It is

located in central Ethiopia. The zone is bounded by Hadya

zone and Yem special woreda in south and south west. In

northern and eastern part it is bounded by Oromia national

regional state. Their language family is semetic. Their

urban orientation and successful endeavor in establishing

huge mercantile traditions have attracted the attention of

many people both inside and out side the country. The

provisional city of Guraghe zone is wolkite. The town is

located at 155 km away from Addis Ababa. And the nine GPSDO

target woredas are located at an average at 60 km away from

wolkite.

The zone has a total area of 59329 sq. km. The zone has been

divided in to 12 woredas /district/ and two provisional city

Administration and 421 kebeles for administrative purpose.

The total population of the zone is estimated to be

1,280,483 (CSA 2007) having the distribution of 622,254 male

and 658,229 female, the over where 92.4% of population live

in rural areas leading their life based on agriculture,

while remaining 7.6% reside in urban area.

1.5.3 Sample design

For this study taking sample was necessary because

collection of information from the total population is

difficult and takes time. So the study will prefer to use

non probability sampling technique, purposive sampling. The

reason I prefer to use this technique is I know the study

population very well.

1.5.4 Source of data

The study particularly relies on both primary and secondary

sources. Data Primary data was generated from interview and

questionnaire while secondary data would be collected from

documents, periodical reports of the organization and

published and unpublished materials.

1.5.5 Data Collection Instrument

The data collection instruments I planned to use include in

depth interview and questionnaire. Interview guide was

prepared and used to undertake in depth interview. The

questionnaire was distributed, to provisional city

administrator, the organization itself, and districts which

work in collaboration with the GPSDO.

1.5.6 Data analysis

The next step to data collection was data analysis and

interpretation. The data was analyzed using thematic method.

1.5.7 Ethical issue

Ethical issue was relevant part in studying. Thus this study

would consider the following ethical issues in its activity;

1. The researcher willing to get permission from the

department and receive letter to submit to district

administration organization and other concerned bodies.

2. The researcher explains objective and significance of

the study to the organization itself and other

concerned bodies and will ask based on their

willingness.

3. The questionnaires and interviews format and other

researcher format will be approved by Advisor.

CHAPTER- TWO2. Literature review

2.1 Definition of NGO

There is much literature regarding to NGOs, but there is no

one definition that is acceptable all over the world. One

can define NGO in narrower or broader terms. In a narrower

sense, definition of NGO is specific type of organization

in the field of development with environmental protection.

(Smillin and Heimlich, 1998).

NGOs are voluntary organizations that work with and on

behalf of mostly local grass roots people organizations in

developing countries. They also represent specific local and

international groups with concern as diverse as providing

emergency relief, protecting child health, protecting

women’s right, alleviating poverty, protecting environment

and increasing food production, NGO builds houses, hospitals

and schools. They work in family planning and refugee camps.

They teach in schools, universities and conduct researches

on increasing farm yields (Todaro and Smith 2009.)

NGOs are largely motivated by humanitarian ideas. Most NGOs

are able to work much more effectively at local levels with

people that they are trying to assist than massive bilateral

and multilateral aid programs could (Ibid).

Dejene and Tefer (2000) have identified two unique

characteristics of NGOs in order to define them. First, NOGs

are non-profit organization formed with the principal aim of

improving circumstances and prospect of disadvantaged people

who are unable to realize the potential or couldn’t achieve

their full right in the society.

NOGs can do actively and directly by working with and for

marginalized groups of society and directly by raising

public awareness about the cause of their problem and the

way in which society as a whole should to be action to deal

with their common problems. Secondly, NGOs are independent

that means they are controlled and evaluated by those who

formed them. They are independent of any political

participation.

2.2 The rise of NGOsThe origins in Africa of NGO vary. Many of them, especially

those that function exclusively at the local level have deep

historical root within indigenous society they operate and

evolved over centuries (for example saving and credit

associations). Other NGOs, the colonial period, this is

particularly the case for those with missionary bases that

provide health and educations services and often promote

local economic development

2.3 Types of NGO

NGOs are classified into many types based on different

criteria.

The African development Bank (2001) described NGO as visible

formally contributed urban based bodies that seek to provide

good and services to certain categories of people or

advocacy of certain polices. They include

1. Indigenous non-governmental organization

2. Organization for domestic and regional issue based

advocacy NGOs

3. knowledge based NGOs example research and policy analysis

4. international private agencies for development or human

iterant action

NGOs operating in Ethiopia could be categorized in two main

categories. These are:-

1. Indigenous NGOs:- NGOs established in to the country by

either Ethiopia or non Ethiopians

2. International NGOs:- which have their offices abroad

and obtain

Support from those offices.

2.4 NGOs and state relationship

One might well anticipate that relationship between NGOs and

government organization (GO) would antipathetic. This is

often the case but NGO-GO contextual factor such as the

nature of an NGOs objectives and strategies, the sector it

work in, donor behavior and the nature of the state shape

relationship in a numbers of ways. At times, some NGOs may

be on favorable terms while there are antagonistic. (Turner

and Hurme, 1997)

2.5 Sources of funds for NGOs

Funds for NGOs usually from a number of source like, trust

and foundations, government sources, fund raising amongst

the public and business sector (Rahel:2006).

2.6 Placing Millennium development goal in the local context

The MDG are generally believed to be minimum bench marks

rather than ultimate development goals. Exploiting the

financial resource required for achieving the MDGs and

economic performance that is required to sustain the targets

from integral parts of the MDG assessment exercised.

Roles of NGOs in facilitating MDGs

MDGs constitute eight broad development goals. These are:-

i. Prevent extreme poverty and hunger by 2015

ii. Achieve universal primary education

iii. Promote gender equality and empower women

iv. Reduce child mortality

v. Improve maternal health

vi. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

vii. Ensure environmental sustainability

viii. Develop global partnerships for development

Eighteen specific target have been set across are eight

goals and forty eight indicators to monitor these targets.

The comprehensive nature of the MDGs, target and indicator

pose several problems as well as opportunities for the

countries that embraced them. (MOFED. 2004 Report)

Millennium Development Goals are the responsibility of

government organization but NGOs facilitate these goals

through filing the gap. (Ato Werku Admin of GPSDO).

2.7 Challenges that NGOs face

The influence on NGOs has been greatly constrained by

variety of what may be termed as internal and external

constraints. Internal factors refer to the following weak

institutional capacity of the NGOs; lack of sectoral vision

in the NGO, and the problem of transparency and

accountability. Internal problem of NGOs can be considered

as major constraining factor which bring back filing impacts

on the NGOs work and which destroy the creditability.

External constraints refer to the challenges that NGOs face

from the political environment within which they operate.

(Rahel, 2006).

CHAPTER- THREE

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

RESULT

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERSTIC OF THE RESPONDENTS

Table 1 Age and sex of the respondents,Guraghe zone,2003 E.C

Age Sex TotalM F

<20 2 1 320-40 5 2 740-60 1 1 2>60 2 0 2Total 10 4 14

Table2 Ethinicity of the respondents, Guraghezone,2003 E.C

Ethinicity No.Guraghe 11Kebena 3Others O

Table 3 Marital status of the respondents

Marital status

No.

Single 5Married 9

Table 5 Educational status of the respondents

Educational status

No.

<8 38-12 4>12 4

Table 5 Woredas of the respondents

Woreda No.

Abeshigie 2Muhrina Aklil

2

Kebena 3Cheha 2Eza 1Ener 1

The collected data shows that GPSDO has many visions,

Missions and Goals on which it aims to contribute for the

achievement of MDGs. These are:-

Vision

-It desire to see'' self- reliant, poverty and inequality

free''

Guraghe society

Mission

-It needs to Organize, coordinate, support and mobilize the

efforts and resources of the community and, governmental and

non-Organizations towards the socio- economic development of

Guraghe society.

Goals

-To contribute for attaining food security

-To help effort of ensuring socio- economic development

-Participate in natural resource conservation and protection

activities

-To contribute for safe water supply, expansion of

reproductive health/RH/, fight HIV/AIDS and harm full

traditional practice/HTPs/

-To help for effort of ensuring quality of education,

eradicate illiteracy and

-To contribute capacity building activities

GPSDO organizational structure

Based on its

Based on its visions, Missions and Goals, GPSDO did many

activities (roles) for the achievement of MDGs, according to

data obtained. These are:-

3.1 preventing extreme poverty and hunger

It is commonly believed that NGOs posses a number of

characteristics which values them over government and

official donors in implementing program and project which

aim to alleviate poverty. It is also recognized that GPSDO

General Assembly

Management of Board

Executive Board

Administration and finance

Program Department

Public relation and Resource Program

coordinating

Auditor

activities are small scale and they reach people at

grassroots level.

NGOs use different approaches to alleviate poverty. The

first is Multi- sectoral approach, since poverty is multi-

dimensional. The second and the most important approach is

participatory approach.

According to the collected data, poverty reduction is a

multi- sectoral action in GPSDO. Hence GPSDO plays a

significant role in enhancing the in come of the poor

society groups, in improving education of children

especially girls and increasing the Reproductive health/RH/

status of families, by giving skills(entrepreneurship) and

capacity building.

GPSDO in its project entitled as" Improving the RH/FP

(family planning) status of young people through social and

economic empowerment" playing a significant role in order

reduce poverty.

Major activities that GPSDO did to alleviate poverty and

Hunger are:-

Income Generated Activities (IGA) support to organized women groups: -

under this program there are many supports that the

organization gave to organized women group in different

woredas of Guraghe society, as the documented activities of

the organization shows. Out of these:-

i. sheep/ goat training and support.

The data collected shows that there are seven (7) organized

women groups that GPSDO provided training program. These

are:- three (3) groups in Muhrna Aklil, TWO(2) groups in

cheha and two(2) groups in Ezha. The Organization provided

training on sheep/ goat/ cattle rearing integrated with

reproductive health and business management for 70(seventy)

women (i.e,10 from each groups) which was accomplished

within 3 days.

In addition to this, GPSDO also donated 161 sheep and 69

goats for trained women to engage them in income generation

activities, according to the data.

ii. Vegetable gardening training and seed support.

It is obvious that women on rural areas are highly

vulnerable to different socio- economic problems. As the

data shows, to alleviate this problem GPSDO provided

Integrated vegetable gardening and Reproductive health

training for 20(twenty) women at their local areas in cheha

and Eza woredas. Additionally, vegetable seeds like carrot,

cabbage, red Onion red beet, and lettuce and farm tools were

distributed to all the trainees.

iii. Fiber (qacha) and handicraft training and material support.

Obviously, Fiber(qacha) is commonly available in Guraghe

zone.

The data shows that the GPSDO in collaboration with

Wolkitte city Administration women, child and youth and

Trade industry office provided training on how to change

the commonly available fiber ( qacha) to economically

fruitful handicraft for(50) women which was accomplished

with in fifteen days.

Also the Organization gave the necessary materials Like

table, shelf, cabinet bench needle, different ink and "

qacha' that would assist them in production processes.

Out of the trained women, three (3) of them were

interviewed about the training and what they used from it.

They said that after the time of training, they got reliable

income for themselves and their families by using the skills

they were given.

Iv. Solid food preparation and entrepreneurship training and support

According to the data collected, GPSDO in collaboration with

affiliated sector offices Organized 3 days training on solid

food preparation and entrepreneurship to ten (10) women at

wolkitte town. The training mainly focused on the gaps of

women in relation to food preparation and business skills.

In addition to this the women were provided with the

necessary kitchen materials by GPSDO and trade house

(containers) by the government and stake holders) that would

assist them in the business scheme.

3.2 Environmental sustainability

Environmental sustainability is one of the Millennium

Development Goals (MDGs) and the major intervention area of

GPSDO.

The documented Lists of activities performed by GPSDO shows

that there were various environmental protection measures

taken by GPSDO in Guraghe zone to reduce the impact and

pressure of the community on natural resource in the area.

Of these:-

-training the society on environmental conservation,

establishing and strengthening PHE (population, Health and

Environmental) clubs, information dissemination,

establishing and strengthening nursery sites, performing

water and soil conservations, and provision of family

planning services are among the key activities had been

done. Also there were activities being performed during the

study period to improve degraded catchments and assure

environmental protection sustainability by increasing the

community awareness, supporting PHE (population, health and

environmental) clubs, Strengthening youth's and women groups

in and around the catchments.

GPSDO in its project entitled as “youth development RH

program integrated with Environmental protection Activities

in nine (9) woredas of Guraghe zone. The document also shows

GPSDO planted 600 legs of banana in the catchments, and

seeding of thousands of multi- purpose trees and vetiver

grass development under took on four nursery sites and in

fifteen (15) schools. Also 6 km wood check dam and gully

reshaping, 300m fence and biological maintenance activities

were performed at the same area. During the study period

GPSDO promised to rehabilitate about 5 hectares land

especially in muhrna Aklil woreda.

3.3 Combating HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases.

The social and economic impact of HIV/AIDS is high. HIV/AIDS

is an epidemic that can destroy a whole generation. It

destroys the human capital that is desperately required for

development. It weakens our social and economic institution.

(UNAIDS, 2005).

GPSDO under its project entitled as" Women and girl

development through HIV/AIDS and reproductive health

services” program, performed many activities to combat

HIV/AIDS.

According to interview done with the program manager of

GPSDO, Ato Haile Mariam, he said GPSDO works in two

categories of activities to combat HIV/AIDS. These are:-

-Providing information, Education and communication services

on how HIV/AIDS transmitted can prevent by using CBRHAs,

peer promoters and youth clubs and

- By using the above actors making referral services to

voluntary counseling and testing (VCT).

The documented Lists of activities performed by GPSDO also

shows:-

-A three(3) days training was given to 67 peer promoters

in and out of school club leaders and female teachers)

drawn from wolkitte town and Abeshighe woreda aiming to

reduce Unintended pregnancy among youth girls in

collaboration with Abeshgie and wolkitte health Office.

The major issues rose during the training included

teenagers’ development stages, on HIV/AIDS and Other related

Reproductive health issues (i.e. family planning, STI/STDs,

maternal and child health and harmful traditional practice.)

-One day per month for two (2) consecutive years, free

discussion program on HIV/AIDS were Organized by GPSDO in

collaboration with Tesfa fana anti AIDS club at Raze

recreation center, Wolkitte town.

-Twenty five (25) people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA) were

supported with education material, night shift education

programs for housemaids and awareness creation, supporting

Orphan vulnerable children (ovc)and transportation facility

for PLWHA to health institutions.

Two (2) of the youth girls who were participated in the

training program aimed to reduce unintended pregnancy and to

prevent HIV/AIDS, said that they got good information and

awareness about the issues. And thanked the organization.

3.4 promoting gender equality and empowerment of women

Promoting gender equality an empowerment of women is also

one aspect of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It is

also a major intervention area of GPSDO.

GPSDO plays a role in its project entitled as" promoting

adult education through empowerment of rural poor women in

two woreda and wolkitte town administration, in Guraghe

zone. The obtained data showed that GPSDO:-

Gave basic training skills for 223 Unemployed girls.

Focused on awareness creation on gender issue,

Organized and

supported gender clubs and provided training on

gender equality

, leadership gender and development and gender

mainstreaming.

Provided initial capital for launching small scale

poultry farming, trained 332 women in vegetable

gardening and provided seed

Gave a pilot project in 20 peasant Association of

three woredas (Abeshgie, kebena and cheha) and one

town administration (wolkitte) of the Guraghe zone.

3.5. Achieving universal primary Education

Education is another intervention area of GPSDO. The

organization established Non- Formal Basic Education Center

(NFBEC). In addition, it upgrades school through additional

class rooms. The project entitled

"Expanding a primary school in kebena and Eza woreda,

Guraghe zone" is implemented with the ultimate goal of

achieving capacity building of the school by maintaining

proper education facilities.

The data collected shows that the contributions of GPSDO in

achieving universal primary education are:-

- It helped 220 students to their education (i.e grade 1-

3) in kebena woreda.

- Tutorial classes were given for more than 5500 girl

students in 12 schools with a view of helping them to

join higher learning institution.

- Supported 52 pre-existed school clubs and established

62 new school clubs with various stationary materials

support, as showed by table.1 below.

Ten (10) out of the helped students were interviewed

about their current situation. Almost all of them said they

are continuing their education in good manner and included

their future plan. Some of them need to be a doctor, an

engineer, a teacher and others.

Table 3.1. Shows the distributions and frequency of existed

and newly established school clubs by GPSDO in woredas of

Guraghe zone, 2003/20011.

No

Woreda / cityadministration

Clubs Total Existing New

1 Abashighe 12 3 152 Chaha 0 12 123 Endagagn 0 7 74 Enemorna Ener 15 5 205 Ezha 0 10 106 Geta 8 2 107 Gummer 12 6 188 Munrna Aklil 0 11 11

9 Wolkite 5 6 11Total 52 62 114

3.6 Improving maternal Health.

Maternal health is not intervention area of GPSDO but in its

project named as "Youth Development Reproductive Health (RH)

programme incorporated with Environment.'" give little

attention with respect to service delivery. The obtained

information shows that CBRHAs have served 10, 858 new

clients (i.e. pills 3,218, condoms 165, implants 89,

Natural methods 9 and Inject able 6,577) and 48,961

continuous users and 189, 294 revisit client have been

served in family planning in the target woredas. And 12,477

mothers and children were referred to health institution to

get Maternal and child health care services.

Figure -1 shows percentage distribution of contraceptive prevalence rate in

target area of GPSDO, each year (2005-2010).

8.10%

14.30%

18%21.04%

26.52%

33.45%

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

1 2 3 4 5 6

3.7 Reducing child Mortality.

It is obvious that reducing child mortality is a component

of Millennium Development Goals (MDGS).But it is not focus

area of GPSDO. GPSDO in its project named as “promoting

child friendly environment in nine woredas of Guraghe zone,

SNNPR was started in July 1st 2010, ended December 31st

2012”. The overall objective of the project by the end of

2012 is that children in intervention area will play an

active and meaning full role in their own development and in

development of their communities.

But there is no any data which show intervention done by

GPSDO in reducing child Mortality.

3.8 Developing Global partnership for development

As the data collected shows, GPSDO established relevant

partnership which includes government offices (i.e,zonal and

woreda level finance Bureau , women affair, education and

Health center etc.), clubs ( i.e. Anti- AIDS clubs, youth

clubs, environment protection club etc ) and civil societies

with International donor organization for socio- economic

development purposes.

3.9 Community beneficiary participation

The information obtained also shows GPSDO gave sensitization

training in each project to the community in order to create

awareness and belongingness as a result the community did a

lot in different form depending up on the nature of the

project starting from project idea or identifying problem,

free/ less cost labor fee, provision of local materials and

some times financially support the Organization

3.10 Source of fund for GPSDO

The data collected show that the most common source of fund

for GPSDO is from international donors such as save the

children Denmark, David and Lucile Packard foundation , pact

Ethiopia, European Commission civil society fund (EC-CSF),

japan embassy etc.,

In addition to this, there is a little bit community

participation by giving some financial and physical support

by those who are volunteers. But there is no significant

data which shows the members of the organization as the

source of fund.

3.11 Strengths and Weakness of GPSDO

This study identified that the GPSDO has a number of

strengths and weakness . These are:-

3.11.1Strengths

-It abled to mobilize the community in development

activities.

-It has a good leadership and skilled manpower .

-Except during the study period, it had good and strong

relationship (network) with government Organization

3.11.2 Weakness

-It has poor information system.

-Its source of fund rely more on donors to impelement its

activities

-Its pays inadequate salary to its workers. 3.12 Challenges that GPSDO faced in achieving MDGs

It faced many challenges during its activities according to

the study. These are: -

-Highly densely populated at target area.

-presence of many Harmful traditional practices

-presence of high rate migration and illiteracy

-Mis-understanding of some government officials on

some development

interventions of the organization

-Far distance of most target woredas from urban areas

and

-poor communication and transportation system

DISCUSSION

As poverty alleviation is one of the MDGs,

GPSDO did many activities in alleviation of the

poverty by donating sheep and goats for the needy

society.

Cheha and Eza woredas are those GPSDO preferred

to support vegetable gardening trainining and seed

support because these woredas have good weather

condition and fertile soil for vegetables.

GPSDO selected fiber(qacha) and handicraft

training of the society because the fiber is easily

accessible in its target area.

GPSDO has good focus on environmental

sustainability at its target area because some of

the areas are becoming unfavorable to live in.

GPSDO has good effort in combating HIV/AIDS

because like in other countries, it is a disease

which is spreading rapidly in Ethiopia as well as

on its catchment area.

GPSDO established many new school clubs in

woredas far from Wolkite than in those which are

near the town. This is because there were already

existed many clubs in woredas near the town.

GPSDO has no significant activities done to

reduce child mortality because of the financial

inadequacy (problem) since almost all of its fund

relies on the donors.

GPSDO faced challenges such as high rate of

migration and illiteracy because traditionally the

society believes that trade is more important than

education.So, as soon as their children become

mature, they send them to towns for trading.

CHAPTER FOUR

4. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

4.1 Conclusion

This research paper has tried to present the role and

challenges of

MDGs in GPSDO in where the fight against poverty is multi-

dimensional. The result of this paper shows that GPSDO has

predominant work over poverty reduction and Environmental

sustainability and also on other components of MDGs,

In poverty reduction process the Organization performs in

Income generated Activities (IGA) support such as sheep/

goat, vegetable gardening, fiber/ qacha/ and handicraft

training and support etc.

In sustainable environment creating process the organization

works actively to care the environment through enhancing

public awareness, water and soil conservation in highly

eroded and depleted areas by rehabilitating the land

In combating HIV/AIDS the organization also works on

increasing awareness of youths about HIV/AIDS by integrating

with Reproductive health (RH) to protect them from HIV/AIDS

and Other RH related diseases.

In promoting gender equality and empowerment of women, the

organization performed some activities in creating awareness

about gender equality and supporting women to participate in

IGA.

In expanding education, GPSDO also contributed by

establishing non-formal basic education center (NFBEC) and

by providing education materials like books and desks as

well as by building some additional class rooms.

4.2 Recommendation

Based on the general findings from this paper, I would Like

to recommend the GPSDO:-

-To expand its major intervention areas in order to

contribute more in achieving MDGS such as reducing maternal

and child mortality rate,

-To work more on combating HIV/AIDS and creating awareness

about Reproductive health (RH) issues among the society.

-To improve its relation ship with government stake holders,

government Organizations and other NGOs by discussing on

their mutual concerns, regularly.

-To continue the awareness creation among the society in

more integrated monitored and participatory manner with

accountability, efficiency and transparency.

-Finally the Organization shouldn’t depend only in donor

interests and funds to implement its activities. There fore,

it should search other additional reliable sources of funds.

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