Journal of Traditional and Integrative Medicine

JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL AND INTEGREATIVE MEDICINE (2021) ISSN 9504–332X

Article available online at http://www.jtim.biosci.in

Journal of Traditional and Integrative

Medicine

Journal homepage: http://www.jtim.biosci.in, Vol 4, Issue 1, 2021 (Jan-Mar)

* Corresponding author.

Peer review under responsibility of Reverse Publications. This is an Open access article under the Creative Commons Attribute s of CC-BY-NC-ND license

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DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.

Review Article

A Review of Toxicity studies of Siddha medicines in Submitted dissertations

in Siddha Postgraduate Institutions.

Jenifer Vimala M*1, Thiruthani M2, Rajarajeshwari A3

*1PG Scholar, Department of Nanju Maruthuvam, 2Professor,Head, Department of Nanju Maruthuvam,3Lecturer, Research Methodology & Biostatistics,

Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai, Tamilnadu, India.

A R T I C L E I N F O

Article history:

Received Jan 2020

Received in revised form

Jan 2021

Accepted Feb 2021

Keywords:

Toxicity studies, Siddha

Medicines, Dissertations, Post

graduate

Pages: 443-455

A B S T R A C T

The Siddha system is unique in its principles, diagnosis and treatment of

diseases. Since the remedy for all the ailments were foretold by the Siddhars, we

are in need of scientific validation to upgrade our Siddha system globally in this

modern era. A drug research starts from preclinical to clinical trials, are

categorized into four phases. To enumerate the Siddha medicines that are

assessed for its safety and toxicity since 2010 was taken as the primary objective

of this review study. The data were collected from the submitted dissertations of

Nanju Maruthuvam Department in Siddha Post Graduate Institutions. It was

found that 139 Siddha Medicines were studied for its Safety and Toxicity Profile

since 2010. Of 139 Siddha Medicines, Chenduram -36, Chooranam-34,

Chunnum-4, Ilagam-1, Kuzhambu-1, Mathirai-25, Mezhugu-8, Parpam-28,

Pathangam-2 were included. The type of animal oral toxicity studied for those

Siddha medicines are Acute and Chronic toxicity studies - 61(44%), 2.Acute and

Sub-acute toxicity studies-78(56%).

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Jenifer et al / Journal of Traditional And Integrative Medicine (2021) (4) (1) 443-455

Peer reviewed || Indexed Journal

INTRODUCTION

For the development of a new drug or to introduce the drug

for a new indication needed to fulfill some standard criteria

for the acceptance of the scientific community. A drug

research starts from preclinical to clinical trials, are

categorized into four phases. Clinical Pharmacology and

Toxicity Studies comes under phase I trial. The main

objective of phase I trial is to evaluate the dosage, safety

and to determine the toxicity of a new drug. It is designed

to know the safety rather than the effectiveness of the test

drug. Hence the tests are performed on healthy animals.

The OECD mission and WHO standardize the toxicity

study procedures and provide the guidelines to the

investigators to do the research in a good manner. Animal

oral toxicity studies are classified based on the dosage of

the trial drug and the duration of the study. 1. Acute oral

toxicity study-14 days (Single dose) 2.Sub-acute oral

toxicity study - 28days (repeated doses) 3.Sub chronic oral

toxicity study- 3 months. 4. Chronic toxicity study- 6 to 12

months. By doing so, one can estimate the maximum

tolerable dose, correct therapeutic dose and Lethal dose

(LD50) of the trial drug. Many Siddha medicines were

studied for its Safety and Toxicity according to the OECD

and WHO guidelines.

NEED FOR THE STUDY

The Siddha system is unique in its principles, diagnosis and

treatment of diseases. Since the remedy for all the ailments

were foretold by the Siddhars, we are in need of scientific

validation to upgrade our Siddha system globally in this

modern era. All the drugs and medications have to go

through a series of research studies to determine its safety

and efficacy. Toxicology studies (Pre-clinical) investigate

the toxicity profile of the particular drug or medication in

animals either in single dose (Acute toxicity) or in repeated

doses (Sub-acute, Sub chronic, Chronic toxicity). Post

Graduate scholars of Nanju Maruthuvam (Toxicology)

department submitted the dissertations on toxicity studies of

various Siddha medicines as a part of their degree course.

Even numerous Siddha medicines were evaluated for its

toxicity that was unpublished. This study is to bring such

works to the common view. By doing so, it reveals the

already assessed toxicity profiles of various Siddha

medicines and it leads the way, for the future research on

those medicines.

AIM OF THE STUDY

To compile the various toxicity profiles of Siddha

Medicines from the earlier dissertations of Nanju

Maruthuvam (Siddha Toxicology) Department since 2010.

OBJECTIVES

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE

To enumerate the Siddha medicines those are assessed for

its safety and toxicity.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES

✔ To categorize the nature and type of those

Siddha medicines.

✔ To list out the type of toxicity study

underwent for the Siddha medicines in the

former dissertations.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

STUDY TYPE: Review Study - Secondary data analysis

DATA COLLECTION:

Data were collected from the ‘Submitted Dissertations’ of

Nanju Maruthuvam Department since 2010 in Siddha Post

Graduate Institutions’ Library

● Central Library of Government Siddha Medical

College, Palayamkottai.

● Library of Nanju Maruthuvam Department,

Government Siddha Medical College,

Palayamkottai.

● Library of National Institute of Siddha, Chennai.

The required data were also gathered from the below

official websites and links.

Official websites:

www.tnmgrmu.ac.in, www.nischennai.org.in

Official links:

http://repository.tnmgrmu.ac.in//

DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS:

The Entry, Processing and Analysis of Data were done with

Microsoft Excel.2010 Worksheets (MS.xls)

Ethical issues:

This study comes under Literature review therefore doesn’t

require IEC approval.

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA:

I. Table 01: List of Siddha Medicines studied for its

Safety and Toxicity profile since 2010.

S.No Name of the drug Year

1 Aagasagarudan kizhangu

chooranam

2018

2 Aathisheshavishahara mathirai 2016

3 Agni muga chooranam 2016

http://www.tnmgrmu.ac.in/

http://www.nischennai.org.in/

http://repository.tnmgrmu.ac.in/



4 Anna pavala chenduram 2013

5 Annabethi chendooram 2018

6 Annabethi Mathirai 2011

7 Arithara Parpam 2011

8 Astathy chooranam 2017

9 Aya kantha abraga chenduram 2017

10 Aya veera chenduram 2013

11 Aya veera mathirai 2018

12 Ayapodi ilagam 2018

13 Bedhi Chenduram 2014

14 Chandra prabara chenduram 2015

15 Chandra pragasa mathirai 2011

16 Cheena linga Chenduram 2010

17 Chithiramoola Kuligai 2014

18 Deepalinga chenduram 2011

19 Erugara Parpam 2011

20 Gandhaga mathirai 2019

21 Gandhaga sarkarai 2011

22 Gandhaka Chooranam 2010

23 Ghendhiyadi Uppu 2013

24 Gowri sinthamani chenduram 2015

25 Gunmathirku nilavagai

chooranam

2018

26 Gunmathirku sivathai

chooranam

2018

27 Hindu chooranam 2018

28 Idi vallathi chooranam 2018

29 Idi vallathi mezhugu 2017

30 Jathi nabi linga mathirai 2019

31 Jathilimga Inji Kuligai 2012

32 Jeevamirtha linga parpam 2015

33 Kaduguroginiyathi

Chooranam

2012

34 Kalamega Narayana

chenduram

2015

35 Kandhathi Chooranam 2010

36 Kanthathi Chooranam 2012

37 Kara vediuppu parpam 2014

38 Karasooda sathu parpam 2012

39 Kariuppu baspam 2014

40 Kariuppu chenduram 2017

41 Karpoora cinthamani mathirai 2012

42 Karpoora mathirai 2014

43 Karpoorathi chooranam 2017

44 Karpoorathi mathirai 2014

45 Karpura silajathu parpam 2014

46 Karuppu vishnu chakkara

mathirai

2019

47 Karuvepplai chooranam 2019

48 Kasha Gulanthaga mathirai 2012

49 Kavikal chooranam 2016

50 Kazharchi chooranam 2018

51 Kiranthi pun mathirai 2016

52 Kirubakara shanmuga

chenduram

2013

53 Kodiveli chooranam 2014

54 Kumara veeriya kaantha

chenduram

2014

55 Lagu Linga Mathirai 2012

56 Laxmi narayana Chenduram 2011

57 Linga Chenduram 2013



60 Linga Mathirai 2011

61 Mandura Chenduram 2018

62 Mega sanjeevi mathirai 2011

63 Mirutharsingi Parpam 2012

64 Mupoora Chenduram 2013

65 Muthu chippi parpam 2015

66 Naga Parpam 2018

67 Naga Sangu Parpam 2010

68 Navauppu mezhugu 2019

69 Navavatha chenduram 2017

70 Neela kanda chendooram 2016

71 Neela kanda kuligai 2016

72 Ommavanni chenduram 2017

73 Padikara chunnam 2012

74 Padikara mathirai 2014

75 Palagarai chunnam 2018

76 Pancha sootha mezhugu 2019

77 Pasana Chooranam 2010

78 Pattai chooranam 2019

79 Pavala Parpam 2019

80 Pavala veera Chunnam 2013

81 Pavalasilasathu parpam 2011

82 Poonaga mezhuku 2018

83 Poonaga Parpam 2014

84 Poonaga Parpam 2019

85 Pooneru Chunnum 2013

86 Poonkaavi chendooram 2015



87 Poora Parpam 2012

88 Poora Parpam 2013

89 Poora pathangam 2010

90 Pungam poo chooranam 2016

91 Puttru pathangam 2013

92 Rasa Chenduram 2015

93 Rasa katpura kuligai 2018

94 Rathinagara rasa mezhugu 2018

95 Sadhurmuga Parpam 2012

96 Sagala vadha chooranam 2016

97 Salothari Mani 2010

98 Sangu Parpam 2013

99 Sangu Parpam 2018

100 Saranai thalaga chooranam 2012

101 Sathathi Parpam 2011

102 Sathurmuga Chooranam 2019

103 Seena rasa chenduram 2013

104 Seenthil chooranam 2016

105 Seethapalathi chooranam 2016

106 Siddhar kuligai 2013

107 Silasathu Parpam 2012

108 Singi padika Parpam 2017

109 Sivanamarasam 2014

110 Surakatti chooranam 2016

111 Surangusa Parpam 2014

112 Suyamakini chenduram 2015

113 Swasakudori chendooram 2015

114 Tambira Parpam 2017

115 Thalaga Chenduram 2010

116 Thalaga chippi parpam 2011

117 Thalagathi Chooranam 2012

118 Thanga uram 2019

119 Thazhampoo maathirai 2014

120 Thetran Chooranam 2013

121 Thilatha vallathi chooranam 2016

122 Thiri sutha mezhugu 2016

123 Thiriloga Chendooram 2010

124 Thurusu Chenduram 2017

125 Thurusu Mathirai 2011

126 Thurusu Parpam 2013

127 Vayu mathirai 2012

128 Vedhantha bairava mathirai 2011

129 Vedi annabethi chenduram 2017

130 Vediuppu chenduram 2011

131 Veera aya Chenduram 2014

132 Veera chunnum 2011

133 Vengara Chenduram 2011

134 Vidathari chooranam 2014

135 Vilangathi Chooranam 2013

136 Visha amirtha chooranam 2019

137 Visha kuzhambu 2015

138 Visha mezhugu 2015

139 Visha sanjeevi 2014

II. List of Siddha Medicines and its Types:

Table 2.1 CHENDURAM:

S.NO NAME OF THE DRUG

NATURE OF THE MEDICINE

1 Thiriloga Chendooram Chenduram

2 Cheena linga Chenduram Chenduram

3 Thalaga Chenduram Chenduram

4 Laxmi narayana Chenduram Chenduram

5 Vengara Chenduram Chenduram

6 Deepalinga Chenduram Chenduram

7 Vediuppu Chenduram Chenduram

8 Anna pavala Chenduram Chenduram

9 Linga Chenduram Chenduram

10 Aya veera Chenduram Chenduram

11 Mupoora Chenduram Chenduram

12 Kirubakara shanmuga Chenduram Chenduram

13 Seena rasa Chenduram Chenduram



14 Veera aya Chenduram Chenduram

15 Kumara veeriya kaantha chenduram Chenduram

16 Bedhi Chenduram Chenduram

17 Chandra prabara Chenduram Chenduram

18 Poonkaavi chendooram Chenduram

19 Gowri sinthamani Chenduram Chenduram

20 Rasa Chenduram Chenduram

21 Kalamega Narayana Chenduram Chenduram

22 Suyamakini Chenduram Chenduram

23 Swasakudori chendooram Chenduram

24 Neela kanda chendooram Chenduram


26 Aya kantha abraga Chenduram Chenduram

27 Ommavanni Chenduram Chenduram

28 Kariuppu Chenduram Chenduram

29 Navavatha Chenduram Chenduram

30 Vedi annabethi Chenduram Chenduram

31 Thurusu Chenduram Chenduram

32 Mandura Chenduram Chenduram

33 Annabethi chendooram Chenduram


35 Thanga uram Chenduram

TABLE 2.2: CHOORANAM

S.NO NAME OF THE DRUG TYPE OF THE MEDICINE

36 Pasana Chooranam Chooranam

37 Kandhathi Chooranam Chooranam

38 Gandhaka Chooranam Chooranam

39 Gandhaga sarkarai Chooranam

40 Kaduguroginiyathi Chooranam Chooranam

41 Thalagathi Chooranam Chooranam

42 Kanthathi Chooranam Chooranam

43 Saranai thalaga chooranam Chooranam

44 Pooneru Chunnum Chooranam

45 Thetran Chooranam Chooranam

46 Vilangathi Chooranam Chooranam

47 Ghendhiyadi Uppu Chooranam

48 Vidathari chooranam Chooranam

49 Kodiveli chooranam Chooranam

50 Kavikal chooranam Chooranam

51 Seethapalathi chooranam Chooranam

52 Surakatti chooranam Chooranam

53 Thilatha vallathi chooranam Chooranam

54 Seenthil chooranam Chooranam

55 Agni muga chooranam Chooranam

56 Sagala vadha chooranam Chooranam

57 Pungam poo chooranam Chooranam

58 Astathy chooranam Chooranam

59 Karpoorathi chooranam Chooranam

60 Aagasagarudan kizhangu chooranam Chooranam

61 Gunmathirku sivathai chooranam Chooranam



62 Hindu chooranam Chooranam

63 Idi vallathi chooranam Chooranam

64 Gunmathirku nilavagai chooranam Chooranam

65 Kazharchi chooranam Chooranam

66 Sathurmuga Chooranam Chooranam

67 Visha amirtha chooranam Chooranam

68 Pattai chooranam Chooranam

69 Karuvepplai chooranam Chooranam

TABLE 2.3 CHUNNUM


70 Veera chunnum Chunnum

71 Padikara chunnam Chunnum

72 Pavala veera Chunnam Chunnum

73 Palagarai chunnam Chunnum

TABLE 2.4:ILAGAM, KUZHAMBU


74 Ayapodi ilagam Ilagam

75 Visha kuzhambu Kuzhambu

TABLE 2.5: MATHIRAI


76 Salothari Mani Mathirai

77 Vedhantha bairava mathirai Mathirai

78 Chandra pragasa mathirai Mathirai

79 Annabethi Mathirai Mathirai

80 Thurusu Mathirai Mathirai

81 Linga Mathirai Mathirai

82 Mega sanjeevi mathirai Mathirai

83 Vayu mathirai Mathirai

84 Kasha Gulanthaga mathirai Mathirai

85 Karpoora cinthamani mathirai Mathirai

86 Jathilinga Inji Kuligai Mathirai

87 Lagu Linga Mathirai Mathirai

88 Siddhar kuligai Mathirai

89 Visha sanjeevi Mathirai

90 Thazhampoo maathirai Mathirai

91 Karpoora mathirai Mathirai

92 Padikara mathirai Mathirai

93 Karpoorathi mathirai Mathirai

94 Chithiramoola Kuligai Mathirai

95 Neela kanda kuligai Mathirai

96 Kiranthi pun mathirai Mathirai

97 Rasa katpura kuligai Mathirai

98 Aya veera mathirai Mathirai

99 Karuppu vishnu chakkara mathirai Mathirai

100 Jathi nabi linga mathirai Mathirai

101 Gandhaga mathirai Mathirai



TABLE 2.6: MEZHUGU


102 Visha mezhugu Mezhugu

103 Thiri sutha mezhugu Mezhugu

104 Aathisheshavishahara mathirai Mezhugu

105 Idi vallathi mezhugu Mezhugu

106 Rathinagara rasa mezhugu Mezhugu

107 Poonaga mezhuku Mezhugu

108 Navauppu mezhugu Mezhugu

109 Pancha sootha mezhugu Mezhugu

TABLE 2.7: PARPAM


110 Naga Sangu Parpam Parpam

111 Sathathi Parpam Parpam

112 Arithara Parpam Parpam

113 Thalaga chippi Parpam Parpam

114 Erugara Parpam Parpam

115 Pavalasilasathu Parpam Parpam

116 Poora Parpam Parpam

117 Karasooda sathu Parpam Parpam

118 Sadhurmuga Parpam Parpam

119 Mirutharsingi Parpam Parpam

120 Silasathu Parpam Parpam

121 Poora Parpam Parpam

122 Thurusu Parpam Parpam

123 Sangu Parpam Parpam

124 Sivanamarasam Parpam

125 Poonaga Parpam Parpam

126 Surangusa Parpam Parpam

127 Kara vediuppu Parpam Parpam

128 Kariuppu baspam Parpam

129 Karpura silajathu Parpam Parpam

130 Muthu chippi Parpam Parpam

131 Jeevamirtha linga Parpam Parpam

132 Singi padika Parpam Parpam

133 Tambira Parpam Parpam

134 Sangu Parpam Parpam

135 Naga Parpam Parpam

136 Pavala Parpam Parpam

137 Poonaga Parpam Parpam

TABLE 2.8: PATHANGAM

138 Poora pathangam Pathangam

139 Puttru pathangam Pathangam



III.Table 03: List of Siddha Medicines Types and its

Count

Nature of the

Medicine

Total

Chenduram 36

Chooranam 34

Chunnum 4

Ilagam 1

Kuzhambu 1

Mathirai 25

Mezhugu 8

Parpam 28

Pathangam 2

IV. List of Siddha Medicines and types of toxicity study:

TABLE 04: Acute and Chronic Toxicity Study Type:

S.No Name of the drug Toxicity Study

Type

1 Thiriloga Chendooram Acute,chronic

2 Cheena linga

Chenduram

Acute,chronic

3 Laxmi narayana

Chenduram

Acute,chronic

4 Vengara Chenduram Acute,chronic

5 Anna pavala

Chenduram

Acute,chronic

6 Linga Chenduram Acute,chronic

7 Bedhi Chenduram Acute,chronic

8 Annabethi chendooram Acute,chronic

9 Thanga uram Acute,chronic

10 Pasana Chooranam Acute,chronic

11 Kandhathi Chooranam Acute,chronic

12 Gandhaka Chooranam Acute,chronic

13 Kaduguroginiyathi

Chooranam

Acute,chronic

14 Thalagathi Chooranam Acute,chronic

15 Kanthathi Chooranam Acute,chronic

16 Saranai thalaga

chooranam

Acute,chronic

17 Pooneru Chunnum Acute,chronic

18 Thetran Chooranam Acute,chronic

19 Vilangathi Chooranam Acute,chronic

20 Ghendhiyadi Uppu Acute,chronic

21 Vidathari chooranam Acute,chronic

22 Kodiveli chooranam Acute,chronic

23 Aagasagarudan

kizhangu chooranam

Acute,chronic

24 Sathurmuga Chooranam Acute,chronic

25 Visha amirtha

chooranam

Acute,chronic

26 Padikara chunnam Acute,chronic

27 Pavala veera Chunnam Acute,chronic

28 Ayapodi ilagam Acute,chronic

29 Salothari Mani Acute,chronic

30 Vedhantha bairava

mathirai

Acute,chronic

31 Chandra pragasa

mathirai

Acute,chronic

32 Annabethi Mathirai Acute,chronic

33 Thurusu Mathirai Acute,chronic

34 Vayu mathirai Acute,chronic

35 Kasha Gulanthaga

mathirai

Acute,chronic

36 Karpoora cinthamani

mathirai

Acute,chronic

37 Jathilinga Inji Kuligai Acute,chronic

38 Lagu Linga Mathirai Acute,chronic

39 Karpoora mathirai Acute,chronic

40 Padikara mathirai Acute,chronic

41 Karpoorathi mathirai Acute,chronic

42 Chithiramoola Kuligai Acute,chronic

43 Karuppu vishnu

chakkara mathirai

Acute,chronic

44 Idi vallathi mezhugu Acute,chronic

45 Navauppu mezhugu Acute,chronic

46 Sathathi Parpam Acute,chronic

47 Arithara Parpam Acute,chronic

48 Thalaga chippi Parpam Acute,chronic

49 Erugara Parpam Acute,chronic

50 Poora Parpam Acute,chronic

51 Karasooda sathu

Parpam

Acute,chronic

52 Sadhurmuga Parpam Acute,chronic

53 Mirutharsingi Parpam Acute,chronic

54 Silasathu Parpam Acute,chronic

55 Poora Parpam Acute,chronic

56 Thurusu Parpam Acute,chronic

57 Sangu Parpam Acute,chronic

58 Sivanamarasam Acute,chronic

59 Kara vediuppu Parpam Acute,chronic

60 Kariuppu baspam Acute,chronic

61 Karpura silajathu

Parpam

Acute,chronic

TABLE 05: Acute and

Sub-acute Toxicity

type

62 Thalaga Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

63 Deepalinga Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

64 Vediuppu Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

65 Aya veera Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

66 Mupoora Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

67 Kirubakara shanmuga Acute, Sub acute



chenduram

68 Seena rasa Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

69 Veera aya Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

70 Kumara veeriya kaantha

chenduram

Acute, Sub acute

71 Chandra prabara

chenduram

Acute, Sub acute

72 Poonkaavi chendooram Acute, Sub acute

73 Gowri sinthamani

chenduram

Acute, Sub acute

74 Rasa Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

75 Kalamega Narayana

chenduram

Acute, Sub acute

76 Suyamakini Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

77 Swasakudori

chendooram

Acute, Sub acute

78 Neela kanda

chendooram

Acute, Sub acute

79 Linga Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

80 Aya kantha abraga

chenduram

Acute, Sub acute

81 Ommavanni

Chenduram

Acute, Sub acute

82 Kariuppu Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

83 Navavatha Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

84 Vedi annabethi

chenduram

Acute, Sub acute

85 Thurusu Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

86 Mandura Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

87 Linga Chenduram Acute, Sub acute

88 Gandhaga sarkarai Acute, Sub acute

89 Kavikal chooranam Acute, Sub acute

90 Seethapalathi

chooranam

Acute, Sub acute

91 Surakatti chooranam Acute, Sub acute

92 Thilatha vallathi

chooranam

Acute, Sub acute

93 Seenthil chooranam Acute, Sub acute

94 Agni muga chooranam Acute, Sub acute

95 Sagala vadha

chooranam

Acute, Sub acute

96 Pungam poo chooranam Acute, Sub acute

97 Astathy chooranam Acute, Sub acute

98 Karpoorathi chooranam Acute, Sub acute

99 Gunmathirku sivathai

chooranam

Acute, Sub acute

100 Hindu chooranam Acute, Sub acute

101 Idi vallathi chooranam Acute, Sub acute

102 Gunmathirku nilavagai

chooranam

Acute, Sub acute

103 Kazharchi chooranam Acute, Sub acute

104 Pattai chooranam Acute, Sub acute

105 Karuvepplai chooranam Acute, Sub acute

106 Veera chunnum Acute, Sub acute

107 Palagarai chunnam Acute, Sub acute

108 Visha kuzhambu Acute, Sub acute

109 Linga Mathirai Acute, Sub acute

110 Mega sanjeevi mathirai Acute, Sub acute

111 Siddhar kuligai Acute, Sub acute

112 Visha sanjeevi Acute, Sub acute

113 Thazhampoo maathirai Acute, Sub acute

114 Neela kanda kuligai Acute, Sub acute

115 Kiranthi pun mathirai Acute, Sub acute

116 Rasa katpura kuligai Acute, Sub acute

117 Aya veera mathirai Acute, Sub acute

118 Jathi nabi linga mathirai Acute, Sub acute

119 Gandhaga mathirai Acute, Sub acute

120 Visha mezhugu Acute, Sub acute

121 Thiri sutha mezhugu Acute, Sub acute

122 Aathisheshavishahara

mathirai

Acute, Sub acute

123 Rathinagara rasa

mezhugu

Acute, Sub acute

124 Poonaga mezhuku Acute, Sub acute

125 Pancha sootha mezhugu Acute, Sub acute

126 Naga Sangu Parpam Acute, Sub acute

127 Pavalasilasathu Parpam Acute, Sub acute

128 Poonaga Parpam Acute, Sub acute

129 Surangusa Parpam Acute, Sub acute

130 Muthu chippi Parpam Acute, Sub acute

131 Jeevamirtha linga

parpam

Acute, Sub acute

132 Singi padika Parpam Acute, Sub acute

133 Tambira Parpam Acute, Sub acute

134 Sangu Parpam Acute, Sub acute

135 Naga Parpam Acute, Sub acute

136 Pavala Parpam Acute, Sub acute

137 Poonaga Parpam Acute, Sub acute

138 Poora pathangam Acute, Sub acute

139 Puttru pathangam Acute, Sub acute

V. Table 06: Types of Toxicity study and it’s Number

S.No Toxicity Studied Number

1 Acute, Chronic 61

2 Acute, Sub acute 78



VI. Table 07: Toxicity Studies and its Percentage

Toxicity Studied Percentage

Acute, Chronic 44%

Acute, Sub acute 56%

VII. Table 08: Number of Toxicity Studies with corresponding Year and College:

Year No of Toxicity

studies

GSMC, Palayamkottai NIS, Chennai

2010 9 6 3

2011 17 10 7

2012 15 8 7

2013 16 10 6

2014 17 10 7

2015 11 7 4

2016 13 9 4

2017 12 10 2

2018 17 10 7

2019 12 6 6

PRESENTATION OF THE DATA:

Chart 01: Types of Siddha Medicines and its count



Chart 02: Evaluated Siddha Medicines and its Percentage:

Chart 03: Number and Type of Toxicity Studies evaluated:

26%

24%

3%

1%1%

18%

6%

20%

1%

Evaluated Siddha Medicines in Percentage

Chenduram

Chooranam

Chunnum

Ilagam

Kulambu

Mathirai

Mezhugu

Parpam

Pathagam



Chart 04: Percentage of Toxicity Studies:

Chart 05: Number of Toxicity Studies Since 2010



RESULTS

139 Siddha Medicines were studied for its Safety and

Toxicity Profile since 2010. Of 139 Siddha Medicines,

Chenduram -36, Chooranam-34, Chunnum-4, Ilagam-1,

Kuzhambu-1, Mathirai-25, Mezhugu-8, Parpam-28 and

Pathangam-2 are included. The type of animal oral toxicity

studied for those Siddha medicines are Acute and Chronic

toxicity studies - 61(44%), 2.Acute and Sub-acute toxicity

studies-78(56%).

DISCUSSION

The number of studies on Toxicity is gradually increasing

as represented in the chart 05. Nearly 139 Siddha

Medicines were evaluated for its toxicity. It proves the

strength of the Siddha system. This opens the way for

future researchers for doing further Clinical trials on those

Siddha Medicines.

CONCLUSION

From the study, we conclude that nearly 139 Siddha

Medicines were studied for its Safety and Toxicity profiles

since 2010 from Submitted Dissertations of Nanju

Maruthuvam Department of Siddha Post Graduate

Institutions. According to the types of medicine based on its

preparation, 139 evaluated Siddha Medicines were

classified as Chenduram -36, Chooranam-34, Chunnum-4,

Ilagam-1, Kuzhambu-1, Mathirai-25, Mezhugu-8, Parpam-

28, and Pathangam-2. Mainly two types of Oral Toxicity

were studied for those Siddha Medicines. They are Acute

and Chronic studies-61 (i.e. 44%), Acute and Sub-acute

studies- 78 (i.e. 56%). Although Preclinical studies are the

first phase of Drug research, further Clinical studies on

those Siddha Medicines are must needed for the upliftment

of our Siddha system.

REFERENCES

1. Belavendra Antonisamy, Prasanna S.Premkumar,

Solomon Christoper, Principles and Practice of

Biostatistics,fourth edition,Elsevier publication,

2017:pg no 193.

2. P.S.S.Sundar Rao, J.Richard, Introduction to

Biostatistics and Research Methods, fifth edition, 2018:

pg no 195.

Journal of Traditional and Integrative Medicine

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