I. General Overview Discussions are ongoing within the Grand Coalition Government to determine the structure and respective powers of the President, Prime Minister and Vice President. The Government composition is intended to ensure a genuine coalition is formed, with the representation required to arbitrate disputes. The Prime Minister traveled to Kisumu District in the Nyanza/Western Region, where support for his party, Orange Democratic Movement (ODM), is strong. During his tour, the Prime Minister stated that a new constitution would be prepared within the year. Land legislation and past grievances continue to drive conflict throughout Kenya; as a key element of Agenda Item Four, which will include longer-term solutions to the drivers of conflict, the new constitution is expected to address land legislation. A Review of the Post Election Crisis Damage and Needs Assessment of the Land Sector by the Development Partners Group on Land in Kenya yielded many findings that must be addressed through the anticipated National Land Policy to ensure sustainable peace. Specifically, the report cites several circumstances that IDPs have faced in the absence of a clear land policy: displaced peoples could lose their land or speculators/evictors could take the land; infrastructure may have been destroyed which had formerly ascribed rights to access the land; those who have lost their sources of livelihoods may not be able to pay their loans; property values may have fluctuated due to the insecurity caused by violence, depreciating the value of some lands; and those displaced from informal settlements may not be able to claim non-formal rights to their previously occupied settlements upon return. Without intervention and consideration in the formulation of a clear land policy, it is anticipated that these scenarios could lead to long-term displacement for some IDPs, and could potentially precipitate future conflict if left unresolved. II. Humanitarian Situation The President launched a fundraising effort for over USD 460 million to meet the full costs of resettlement of IDPs, including reconstruction of basic housing, replacement of household effects

UNITED NATIONS

HUMANITARIAN UPDATE vol. 19 9 - 15 May 2008

Office of the United Nations Humanitarian Coordinator in Kenya

HIGHLIGHTS

• Government operation continues to return IDPs. • Permanent Secretary of Special Programs reports that 114,000 displaced

persons have returned to their pre-crisis homes since the end of the conflict. • Peace and Reconciliation Framework finalized by the Early Recovery Cluster. • Provisional nutritional survey results for Turkana, Samburu and Marsabit

Districts show increase in malnutrition rates

The information contained in this report has been compiled by OCHA from information received from the field, from national and international humanitarian partners and from other official sources. It does not represent a position from the United Nations.

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and rehabilitation of infrastructure, such as community utilities and institutions destroyed during the post-election violence. The first day of the Appeal that was addressed to Kenyans (Government and the private sector) yielded over USD 7 million. As food scarcities threaten due to expected low production, several food stocks were threatened by various pests. Health officials reportedly seized 450kgs of grain in Mutomo, Kitui District, Eastern Province, which had been affected by aflatoxin, caused by poor storage and ventilation of the grain. Furthermore, 10,000 acres of pishoi and basmati rice were reportedly affected by rice blast, caused by changes in the weather, excessive irrigation, repeated cultivation and use of non-certified seeds. A 70% reduction in rice production in affected areas is expected due to the outbreak. Armyworms have also reportedly destroyed 50,000 acres of maize in Embuu District, Eastern Province and Murang’a South District, Central Province. The looming food scarcity is already expected to cause severe price spikes in food, worsening the impact of global price hikes in food and fuel. Any new threat to current production or stores could have a severe affect on food security at both the household and national levels. Fig. 1: Estimated food security conditions in Kenya, 2nd Quarter 2008 (April-June

MAP Key: Generally Food Secure

Moderately Food Insecure Extremely Food Insecure Famine No Data

Source: FEWSNET A recent inter-agency mission conducted an assessment of the integration of HIV into the humanitarian response in Kenya. The initial findings suggest that there was general national preparedness to integrate HIV/AIDS considerations into the response; however, these plans were not communicated to the locations of displacement and IDP camps, implementation was therefore inconsistent. Coordination mechanisms were reportedly established through cluster focal points, and a work plan had been developed; however, activities under the plan were not funded and there was no contingency for follow-up. Service delivery was reportedly very strong, building on the Academic Model for the Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS (AMPATH) system of HIV/AIDS control through a consortium, which existed before the conflict. Because it was not funded through the two FLASH appeals or the CERF, however, fundraising for an integration of HIV into the response was reportedly lacking. Security All regions were generally calm. The security situation is being reviewed in Eldoret, to evaluate whether it could be revised from phase 2 to phase 1. Some issues related to the security of returning IDPs have been raised and IDPs continue to stress the need for greater security in communities where they plan to return.

Highly Food Insecure

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Population Movements and Displacement Trends

Source: Kenya Red Cross, 13 May The Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Special Programs reported that 114,000 IDPs had returned to their homes countrywide since the end of the conflict. Since the beginning of the Government resettlement operation, it has been noted that some IDPs have been reluctant to return, citing fears related to insecurity and a need for greater reconciliation with communities. The Permanent Secretary has highlighted that the government would only compensate IDPs after resettlement; however, some IDPs are delaying return due to a lack of clarity on the returns processes, including the process for compensation. The regions citing the highest decrease in IDPs are the South Rift, North Rift and Nyanza; meanwhile, the KRC reported that Londiani, Kipkeilion Police Station, Kamwingi II, Mtaragon, and Leglu camps in Kipkelion District have closed. New IDP arrivals are registering at the Nyanza Camps. Trends over the first week of the government resettlement process, Operation Rudi Nyambani (Return Home), indicated that the operation had been preceded by spontaneous returns of those living in host communities, particularly in the North Rift Region. The Government operation, however, targeted farmers in IDP camps who were willing to return home and this population has comprised the majority of returnees under the operation. IDPs living in host

communities outnumber those in camps and some of these are now awaiting inclusion in the government resettlement operation as well as information on how they will be compensated. Another trend has been the emergence of transit camps. Primarily comprised of IDPs who had been hosted by communities, these camps are growing in size and many have few resources and facilities for residents.

Furthermore, trends in intra-camp relations are emerging, based on IDPs’ ability and willingness to return. Because primarily farmers have registered for resettlement under the Government operation, a rift is emerging in some camps between those who have land to return to and those who have either lost their jobs or otherwise have nowhere to return to; indeed, those who are unable or unwilling to return fear the closure of camps once farmers have been resettled. Under the Guiding Principles on Displacement, the Government is required to give the displaced choices

Source: Kenya Red Cross, 13 May

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and alternatives to returning to the areas from where they were displaced. This consideration will need to be addressed as the resettlement operation continues and increasingly engages those who may not wish to return to their places of displacement. Amidst concern from the humanitarian community that a participatory planning process for returns was lacking, at least 25 civil society organizations joined in an appeal to the Government to adopt a consultative approach to the resettlement if IDPs. Under the umbrella of PeaceNet Kenya, the organizations stressed that they supported resettlement efforts; however, they noted that the conditions for return had to be in place before the returns process was initiated. The Ministry of Special Programmes has reassured the humanitarian community of the holding of a consultative forum before month’s end where needed dialogue can happen. At the same time, provincial

authorities in the Rift Valley Province have also installed a weekly information exchange

where feedback on current operations and information on the following week’s plans can be shared with the humanitarian community. South Rift Region Nakuru Town District: The DC in Nakuru plans to hold a meeting on 14 May with the IDPs in the Nakuru ASK Showground and the Afraha Stadium camps, comprised of 15,000 and 1,300 IDPs respectively. After the meeting, transport of those willing to return to their communities will begin on 19 May. Many IDPs have been expressing concerns over returning to areas where the militias have not been demobilized, such as in Kuresoi or Kipkelion. Many of those who have begun to return to their places of displacement are those with farms. However, there are concerns that IDPs who lost their means of employment in places of displacement may not benefit from resettlement to those areas. Molo District: IDPs called on Government to provide security and assist reconciliation efforts with communities to which they would return before they would participate in resettlement operations. The DC reported that over 50% of IDPs in camps had returned to their places of displacement. For those IDPs who had begun to return to their communities, they received a month’s food ration. Some returnees are returning to IDP camps and to nearby towns due to lack of shelter and fears about security in places of return; this trend is occurring primarily in Kuresoi, Keringeti and Karmar farm areas of Molo District. To help meet the resettlement needs of returnees, the military is

Source: Kenya Red Cross, 13 May

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currently assisting to reconstruct eight schools destroyed in the District, including those in Karirikinyia, Sasamua, Banana, Marua, Mwalagania and Chogocho. Furthermore, some IDPs leaving Molo who had been hosted by the community are settling in transit camps. The following transit camps have been established:

Transit Camp Name Population Chesingele 375 Karirkania 1,400 Langwenda 90 Grasslands and Mutema Camp 400 Kamara 70 Total in Transit Camps 2,335

Source: UNICEF 13 May Residents in the transit camps are mostly lacking tools, blankets, family kits, water and sanitation facilities and shelter. Some of the transit campsites have been provided water bladders by the Ministry of Water, which the Ministry plans to fill with trucked water. The District Commissioner noted that 5,025 transitional shelter kits are needed The majority of remaining IDPs in the South Rift Region are being hosted in communities and some of these IDPs are returning to places of displacement; however, they are not being provided any resettlement resources, such as food rations or shelter, even though at the launch of the fund for resettlement, the President noted that IDPs hosted in communities would be included in the next phase of the resettlement programme. North Rift Region Kitale Showground, Trans Nzoia District: Approximately 396 individuals were transported from the IDP camp on 12 May, following the return of 4,746 IDPs by 8 May under the government resettlement operation. Most IDPs registered their place of return as Turkana. IDPs have been requesting increased reconciliation efforts with communities in areas of return before they are resettled; the District Commissioner maintains that the ongoing resettlement effort is voluntary. Two major transit camps have emerged in Trans Nzoia.

Transit Camp Name Population Geta Farm Primary School 500 Etwamba Camp 1,000 apx Total in Transit Camps 1,500 apx

Source: UNICEF 13 May Due to the large population size, the Etwamba Camp is suffering from severe water and sanitation shortages. Burnt Forest, Uasin Gishu District: Voluntary return was supported for approximately 863 individuals from Burnt Forest camps. The initial group was transported by the Government to their farmlands in Rakuini, with support from the KRCS and WFP; the host community was reportedly very supportive of the return efforts. The majority of returnees have registered to return to Rurigi. Humanitarian resources are being stretched during the resettlement of those in Burnt Forest Town. Shelter is lacking as well as water and sanitation. The Ministry of Water is assessing whether water is potable in the town but meeting urgent needs for clean water and sanitary facilities are essential. School tents are being provided to replace schools that had been burned during the violence; however, teachers are lacking and families are delaying return without a guarantee that their children can continue to go to school in the town. Many villages of return will be in the vicinity of the Burnt Forest Health Centre but there may be a need for more health facilities. Furthermore,

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returnees are requesting seeds for potatoes, peas, cabbage and wheat as they have already missed the maize planting season. Four transit camps have emerged in Burnt Forest. It was reported that the wells at these sites were intentionally polluted and the only water source is over one kilometer from the camp sites.

Transit Camp Name Population Kamunyo Rukumi Kondal 1 Kondal 2 Total in Transit Camps 1,000 (total estimated)

Source: UNICEF 13 May Despite the concerns over available resources in Burnt Forest, the KRC reported that there are requests to move IDPs from Eldoret Show Grounds to Burnt Forest and Yamumbi; this will undoubtedly place additional stress on the limited resources as population figures are expected to reach 1,000 in Yamumbi alone. Kipkelion District Camps: The PC noted that all IDPs from Londian and Kipkelion Police Station camp had been resettled, including 1,994 and 3,522 IDPs respectively. Furthermore, 23,070 IDPs who were hosted by the communities in the District are reported to have returned to their farms. Turbo Camp, Lugari District: IDPs have been engaging in a verification exercise related to communities of origin and the registration of farmers in the camps; an additional 324 IDPs were added to the camp bringing the total population to 4,309 by 8 May. Vulnerable populations have also been identified. Many of the IDPs reported that communities in areas of return are still hostile and appealed to the Government to facilitate greater reconciliation activities. A transit camp is also emerging at Narua, one of the new police posts; however the camp has no services and population figures have not yet been established. Western Region At the Kakamega Police Station, Kakamega District, registration began of those who are willing to return. III. Humanitarian Response Camp Co-ordination/Camp Management World Concern reports that the Government has relocated IDPs from Mulot camp in Narok resulting in an increase in population in smaller Narok South camps, especially Centre II, Soka A and Munyas. These IDPs were in the process of returning to their farms. The majority of IDPs in Mulot were not willing to return home, despite Government pressure to do so, saying they had neither homes to go to nor any money to start up businesses. Some 50 families who have returned to their farms have been coming back to the camps for food distributions. World Concern has received a one time funding donation specifically for their work with IDPs in Narok which will allow them to pay salaries and keep people on the ground for May. IDPs from the Catholic and Full Gospel churches, which host 878 households, are being relocated to Burnt Forest Camp. Early Recovery & Food Security Peace and reconciliation activities are ongoing in the North Rift Valley. In Burnt Forest, the Catholic Church and World Vision have organised peace and reconciliation forums. In Kesogon in Kitale, the Catholic Peace and Justice Commission, the Kitale Diocese and the local chief are discussing ways of bringing communities back together. In Makutano-Kapsara Camp, elders from

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the Marakwet community, DOs form Kapsara and Kachibora and local chiefs met with IDPs in the camp to discuss reconciliation. In Turbo Camp, IDPs have refused to return until the government reconciles them with the local community. Over 1,000 farmers in the camp were registered in order to receive farm inputs. Throughout the area, IDPs are involved in small-scale businesses, such as selling vegetables, charcoal and second-hand clothes and running tailoring shops. In the South Rift Valley, the Bureti DO is discussing the relocation of IDPs back to the tea estates with Unilever and James Finley. In Western and Nyanza Provinces, KRCS reported that some IDPs who were confident about returning home. However, those from Riverside, Chemichemi and Lower Mwamba areas, are fearful of a hostile reception. A peace and reconciliation meeting was organised in Kisii Town for the Ekerenyo Camp committee by the provincial administration. The cluster has finalised its framework for peace and reconciliation, which gives guidance on the principles, conditions and activities necessary for harmonized, effective peace and reconciliation during the return and reintegration process. The conflict-sensitive principles that the document outlines are essential to ensure further inter-ethnic violence is avoided. These include: return and reconciliation should be based on a comprehensive needs assessment and contextual understanding of IDPs and host communities, factoring in the underlying causes of the grievances and tensions; facilitation of dialogue is necessary between IDPs and host communities to negotiate conditions for return and reintegration; IDPs must have full participation in planning and managing their return; and a flexible timeframe for voluntary resettlement is necessary. The framework has been distributed to all cluster members. It is being used as an advocacy tool at policy level and as a means of giving guidance to civil society organizations involved in return and reintegration activities. Capacity-building sessions, especially at the field level, will also be organised to ensure widespread dissemination of the framework. The IASC has requested the creation of a subcommittee to focus on the upcoming food crisis, to be chaired by FAO. It will make recommendations to the government and other stakeholders. The three key aims will be: to increase food production; to find alternative livelihoods as a national economic priority; and to find ways of mitigating the impact of the food crisis on the most vulnerable members of society, including IDPs and returnees. Particular attention will be paid to the recovery of urban livelihoods as well as rural/farming livelihoods. Education Attendance has fallen in many IDP camp schools, given the uncertainty surrounding the government resettlement programme and shifting IDP populations. In Endebess Camp, only 67 students attended the early childhood development classes from 5 to 9 May, compared to 427 the previous term. In Turbo Camp, teachers failed to report to work. In Eldoret Showground, volunteer teachers continue to demand payment for their work. Games donated by Save the Children have not been used as trained personnel are yet to report. The education and protection clusters are discussing plans to give capacity building training to volunteer teachers. The District Education Office has not taken promised action to dismiss volunteer teachers who do not have the required education, as it fears reprisals by the IDP community. Education is a challenge in the Burnt Forest resettlement process as the majority of schools in the area of return were burned down. UNICEF has committed to provide tents but personnel shortages still need to be addressed. Parents need to be assured that their children will continue with schooling. The ministry of education plans to carry out a comprehensive needs assessment survey in Rift Valley, Nyanza, Nairobi and Central provinces this week. Results will be made available by the last week of May and will assist the Ministry in its planning to spend last month’s donation of USD 22 million. Almost 90% of the funds will be targeted towards primary school infrastructure.

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Food aid The government, KRCS and WFP have jointly delivered a total of 12,301 metric tonnes (mt) of assorted food to those affected by post-election violence. WFP has launched an appeal for 122,128 mt, costing USD 113.5 million, for a new emergency operation running from July 2008 to March 2009. This includes the USD 84 million requested under the Inter Agency Standing Committee revised Emergency Humanitarian Response Plan for Kenya on 14 April, which appeals for food through to the end of 2008. WFP will face pipeline breaks from June if it does not receive additional funding. Dispatches are planned this week for 27,400 returnees served out of Kisumu who fled to their ‘ancestral lands’ from Central and Rift Valley provinces and are living with host communities. WFP is giving one-month full ration to all families returning under Operation Rudi Nyumbani and intends to continue providing them with food in their 'resettled' areas for coming months until they harvest or re-establish their livelihoods. Distributions in Nairobi and Central provinces are complete and no further general food assistance is required, although nutritional surveys will determine whether vulnerable populations require supplementary feeding. Health A team from WHO, UNHCR, GTZ and the Provincial Medical Office are on a mission in Dadaab and Liboi gathering information to develop an action plan to respond to the health needs of Somali refugees in Kenya. This plan with use Consolidated Emergency Response Funds to upgrade a health centre in Dadaab Camp to a small hospital to respond to the increased camp population; perform indoor residual spraying against malaria; address reproductive health issues; ensure integrated management of childhood diseases and carry out surveillance. The main medical problems being treated in camps are malaria and respiratory tract infections. Stray dogs are a problem in Burnt Forest Camp and the Veterinary Department has been contacted to deal with them. Nutrition Nutrition actors continue to provide support to IDPs camps and those being resettled through health facilities. The lack of tracking mechanisms for resettled individuals has been a challenge, as well as the absence of health facilities in some of the return areas. The cluster is working closely with government resettlement teams to ensure malnourished IDPs continue to receive support. Health and nutrition co-ordination members plan to carry out an assessment of the resettlement process in the South Rift Valley and provide recommendations to the government resettlement team to ensure continued nutritional support to IDPs. Provisional Global Acute Malnutrition results from nutritional surveys carried out in Samburu and Marsabit districts are 14.7% and 16.0% respectively. The results for Samburu are similar to those of 2006 while the situation in Marsabit is less severe. There is need for continued nutritional support to ensure that the situation does not deteriorate. Samaritan’s Purse and the Ministry of Health concluded training on management of acute malnutrition in Trans Nzoia District on 10 May. In June, Save the Children is preparing to carry out nutritional surveys in Rift Valley, Central, Nyanza and Western provinces, as well as training of health workers on nutritional surveillance. Protection UNHCR, KRCS, International Rescue Committee, Jesuit Refugee Service and Handicap International held focus group discussions with IDPs in Kitale Showground on 6 May in view of the

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announcement by the DC that IDPs should prepare to depart the camp the following day. Many IDPs expressed a willingness to return but expressed concerns over shelter as their homes were destroyed. Livelihoods were also an issue for businesspeople, squatters and those who rented houses or worked as farm laborers. The UNHCR Kisumu team undertook a protection monitoring mission to Kunyak camp (population 187) in Rift Valley Province and Koru Police station camp (population 156) in Nyando District, Nyanza Province on 6 May. They held discussions with IDPs in the camps and 44 returnees from camps in Nakuru, Nyandarua and Kisii who are living in host communities in the Kunyak area and who are in need of shelter and food. The security situation inside and outside both camps has improved with IDPs moving to and from nearby trading centers and farms. However, tension and mistrust is still being experienced by IDPs living in Kunyak camp as communities in Kipkelion District remain resistant to receiving IDPs. A peace-building and reconciliation effort coordinated by the DO with an ongoing training program is apparently not all-inclusive as IDPs have not been involved to date. Those IDPs who are willing to return home said the establishment of additional police posts in Kunyak division is a precondition, as well as the provision shelter and support in the form of cash and farm implements. IDPs also requested they be actively involved in peace and reconciliation exercises. On 7 May, the UNHCR Kisumu team undertook a mission to Kakamega (population 427) and Busia Police Station (population 231) camps in Western Province. The team was told that plans were underway by the Provincial Office in Western Province to have both camps closed within two weeks. However no definite plans were shared by the District Offices. In Busia Police Station, tension was high among IDPs after the District Commissioner intimated that IDPs would be coerced into leaving the camp. The DC further stated that he had attempted to get KRCS to stop distributing food to the IDPs at the camp but that the exercise was still going on. He however promised to accommodate the refugees from Uganda arriving 9 May. IDPs at the camp expressed concern that they have nowhere to go to and would need financial and material support to enable them rebuild their lives if the camp was closed. The security situation inside and around both camps has improved with IDPs able to move in and out freely. Reconciliatory meetings between IDP committee members and members of the local community in Busia were held, facilitated by the District Officer. In Kakamega, an all-inclusive reconciliation process has yet to commence with distrust being experienced, particularly in trading areas. However, Kakamega Municipal Council, in collaboration with the District Office, plans to allocate space for displaced women to recommence business activities. On 6 May, UNHCR Nakuru team participated in a “Go and See” visit and interviewed several members of the host community in Koibatek District regarding IDP return to the area. The host community noted that post-election violence in Koibatek district was not as a result of land related problems but due to political incitement and the disputed election. No peace and reconciliation initiatives have been held in the district and the host community emphasized the need for elders of the two communities to reconcile before the IDPs return home. The DC assured the IDPs that police posts are being established in the district and that the ethnic balance of police officers in the area is being addressed. It was evident from the concerns raised by IDPs that repossession of their property was going to pose a challenge. Many alleged they know the individuals who have occupied their properties. The DC assured the IDPs that a special reconciliation committee will look into repossession of such properties. On 7 May, the UNHCR Nakuru team visited areas of return in Kiambogo Farm in Molo which had a population of about 1,000 people prior to the crisis. Most of their homes have been destroyed and looted. The farm neighbours Kabianga and Rehema farms and there is still bitterness between them and the IDPs. Security is being provided although peace and reconciliation meetings have taken place and IDP parents are reluctant to allow their children return to nearby schools in Rehema Farm.

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UNHCR and UNICEF carried out a joint assessment in Kipkelion District (Chongoch Farm, Victorian Monastery and Molo Police Station camps) on 8-9 May to assess the situation of 2,558 IDPs who had been resettled by the Government. The district had an initial 17 camps, only five are still operational, and IDPs are being asked to leave. There was no evidence of IDPs having returned to their farms, save for a few women and children visible in their properties at the roadside. The majority of homes and villages were still empty. In Chongoch Farm, there are 35 families, mainly squatters, who moved to the site following the closure of the camp at the DO's compound. Over 500 IDPs have left Victorian Monastery camp, for other camps or moved elsewhere other than their farms. The remaining 179 IDPs at the site are reluctant to return to their farms citing insecurity and attacks whenever they attempt to return. Two meetings that were to be facilitated by the DO were not held due to poor attendance by the host community. The IDPs view this as a sign that tension is still high and would rather remain in the camp until further peace meetings are held. In Molo Police Station, IDPs alleged that they are being threatened to leave the camp yet they have nowhere to return to. The majority was involved in small-scale businesses and had rented houses within the town. They claim there is still tension and they prefer to remain at the camp, even though it is overcrowded with two families sharing one tent. In Gilgil Police Station there are 52 people, mainly squatters, who have nowhere to go. They fear returning to their homes as hostility is still rife among their neighbours. The IDPs alleged they have not received any food distribution since February and have resorted to begging. The IDPs are in dire need of shelter as 15 families are without tents. They also lack basic facilities such as blankets, mattresses, kitchen sets, as well as toilet facilities. UNHCR and KRCS are following up on their requests. The child protection sub-cluster will be reactivated next week to address issues like prevention of separation of children and finding alternatives to institutionalization of separated children, particularly for children under five who need a lot of human contact. A working group on separated children is going to be formed to improve co-ordination in the tracing and reunification of families. The mandate of the protection cluster has expanded to include all humanitarian interventions, not just those related to post-election violence. Children are at risk of separation in all humanitarian crises, such as droughts and floods, where families have to move suddenly. UNICEF has sent three child protection officers to Eldoret this week with 10,000 identification armbands for children in light of the population movements and is working with partners, including Save Alliance, on prevention of separation. The officers are also disseminating guidelines on how to prevent child separation. Training on Standard Operating Procedures for Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is being carried out in the field this week. Materials on sexual exploitation and abuse will also be posted in all camps. Cases of GBV have been reported in Turbo Camp during food distributions as spouses try to sell relief items. KRCS and security officers are working to stop this. UNICEF is now supporting Liverpool VCT in prevention and response to GBV through the dissemination of IEC materials, post exposure prophylaxis and training health care providers on post-rape care. With a view towards strengthening integrated services, the GBV training program has included counselors, police and legal actors. Shelter and Non Food Items The issue of shelter is of great concern with the Burnt Forest resettlement process. KRCS has provided 2,500 tarpaulins but this is not enough. Some 5,000 construction poles are also needed, although only 1,000 have been bought. The poles are expensive, at Ksh 200 (USD3.25) each. Danish Refugee Council reports that a camp has been created near Karirikania by resettled IDPs from Molo. One quarter were in camps and still have the shelter and non-food items they received

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there. The remainder who were living in host communities and mostly just have a tarpaulin. The agency is assessing their needs. GOAL has completed an assessment in the Mtaragon area in Kipkelion District for the pilot (200 kits) Transitional Shelter Kit (TSK) project. GOAL is building a transitional shelter in the location on 12 May in advance of a visit of senior government officials to the area. German Agro Action distributed 2,500 blankets to IDPs in Nyandarua North, Central Province, last week. Water Sanitation Hygiene The major challenge for the cluster is obtaining information regarding concentrations of transit populations. OCHA field reports indicate that water and sanitation facilities are emerging as key humanitarian needs in the new transit camps, such as chiefs’ camps, as there has been no forward planning for pre-positioning of services. The Ministry of Water is conducting assessments in Burnt Forest to test whether existing springs are fit for human consumption. While this exercise is being carried out, agencies have requested alternative temporary measures, such as aquatabs and chlorine. There are no toilet facilities so KRCS and World Vision are installing mobilets in communal centres. Some 40 families with nowhere to go after camps in Kipkelion District were closed are staying on a one-acre plot provided by the council until a solution can be found. They did not have any water or sanitation facilities but some have since been provided and the Department of Public Health has been notified of their needs. Equipment has not been dismantled in closed camps in case they need to be reactivated. In any case, most of this material has a short-life span and cannot be reused. Conditions at Nairobi’s Mathare Police Depot remain a concern, particularly as the population has increased from 450 to 743 in the last two weeks. However, pit latrines have been emptied and residents are being encouraged to burn their refuse. Residents are unlikely to be settled soon as they generally have not come from agricultural areas. Following complaints about mosquitoes, spraying has started in some camps in Central Province. Although the population in Nakuru Showground has increased, water and sanitation maintenance services have been suspended given the tensions within the camp over the government’s resettlement programme. Construction work has also been suspended in South Rift Valley camps. These activities will resume once the situation stabilizes.

For more information, please contact: Jeanine Cooper, Head of Office, OCHA-Kenya, +254 (20)7625155, jeanine.cooper@undp.org; Rania Dagash, Desk Officer, Africa I Section, OCHA-New York, +1 917 367 3668, dagash@un.org

Stephanie Bunker, Spokesperson and Public Information Officer, OCHA-New York, +1 917 367 5126, +1 917 892 1679 (mobile), bunker@un.org. Elisabeth Byrs, Public Information Officer, OCHA-Geneva, +41 22 917 2653, byrs@un.org.