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BRIT ISH COLUMBIA EDIT ION ■ THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 ■ GLOBEANDMAIL.COM

Mark MacKinnonreports from Lviv,Ukraine, about thegains Russia has made

PODCAST

tgam.ca/TheDecibel

Former Quebec premier JeanCharest says that if he became theleader of the Conservative Partyand prime minister, he wouldbring fiscal discipline to federalspending, mend regional divi-sions and restore Canada’s brandon the international stage.Mr.Charest saidhehasawealth

of experience as a federal cabinetminister under former Progres-sive Conservative prime ministerBrian Mulroney and as Quebecpremier from 2003 until 2012.He met privately Tuesday eve-

ning with dozens of ConservativeMPs and senators who wanted tohear his vision for the country.“I am going to be running as a

Conservative. I am not trying torunasa redTory,”Mr.Charest saidinanexclusive interviewwithTheGlobe and Mail Tuesday. “I knowthis country very well … and wedeserve better andwe can do bet-ter and we will do better and thatiswhat Iwanttobringtothecoun-try.”Later in the interview, he ap-

peared tohesitate on a leadershipbid. “I am still not there yet. I stillhave tosee therulesbefore Imakea decision on whether I am in ornot.” However, a source close toMr. Charest told The Globe thathe’s already told close friends thathe plans to run, even if the con-vention is held as early as June.The Globe is not identifying thesource because they were not au-thorized to speak publicly aboutthematter.

CHAREST, A3

Charest sayshe’s leaningtoward a runfor Toryleadership

ROBERT FIFEIAN BAILEY OTTAWA

The Bank of Canada has raised itspolicy interest rate, pushing upborrowing costs for the first timesince 2018 and kicking off a seriesof rate hikes despite heightenedeconomic uncertainty caused byRussia’s invasion of Ukraine.The central bank’s governing

council voted to increase the keyovernight interest rate to 0.5 percent from 0.25 per cent, the firststep in a push to bring runawayinflation under control.This puts the bank on the path

to normalizing monetary policyafter two years of holding interestrates at record lows to supportthe Canadian economy throughthe COVID-19 pandemic.Bank governor Tiff Macklem

and his team proceeded with therate increase despite disruptionsto the global economy resultingfrom the war in Ukraine and themassive sanctions Western gov-ernments levelled against Russiain recent days. These moves in-cluded freezing the Russian cen-tral bank’s foreign exchange re-serves and cutting much of thecountry’s financial system offfrom global markets.“The unprovoked invasion of

Ukraine by Russia is a major newsource of uncertainty,” the banksaid in its rate announcement onWednesday. “Prices for oil andother commodities have risensharply. This will add to inflationaround the world, and negativeimpacts on confidence and newsupply disruptions could weighon global growth.”

BOC, A12

BoC hikes keyrate despiteeconomicuncertaintycaused by war

MARK RENDELL

Russian forces have occupied the centre ofKherson, a strategically important city of300,000 in southern Ukraine, in a key ad-vance that positions them to move alongthe economically critical Black Sea coast.

It is the first large city in Ukraine to fallunder Russian control, as troops contin-ued to fire rockets,missiles andartillery in-to other important urban centres on theseventh day of war.Heavy shelling destroyed buildings and

raised death tolls in the Sea of Azov portcity of Mariupol and in the eastern city ofKharkiv,whereRussianparatroopers land-ed Wednesday and explosions shatteredparts of the city’s police headquarters andanearbyuniversity building. Local officialsreported a missile strike on the city hall as

well. Russia’s targeting of densely populat-edareas is reminiscentof the ruthless cam-paigns it haswaged in Syria and Chechnya.In a videomessage, Kharkiv Mayor Ihor

Terekhov expressed disbelief at the de-struction of a Russian-speaking city, wherea quarter of the 1.4 million residents haverelatives in Russia.“We never expected this could happen:

total destruction, annihilation, genocideagainst the Ukrainian people – this is un-forgivable,” Mr. Terekhov said.

KHERSON, A4

Russian tanks patrol streets ofKherson as key port city fallsPutin escalates missile, bomb strikes on major Ukrainian cities as civilians bear brunt of attacks

Women walk the wreckage of residential buildings destroyed by Russian shelling in Zhytomyr, Ukraine, on Wednesday.VIACHESLAV RATYNSKYI/REUTERS

NATHAN VANDERKLIPPEBUCHARESTMARK MACKINNONLVIV, UKRAINE

THE GLOBE IN UKRAINE

NOVA SCOTIAGunman’s spouse, 17 RCMP officers don’t want to testify at inquiry A3

Estonian Prime Minister Kaja Kallas,whose small European country sitson Russia’s doorstep, says the Westhas missed repeated chances to

draw a hard line with Vladimir Putin, andargues it must stand up to him or he willset his sights beyond Ukraine.“I think definitely Putin has to lose this

war. Otherwise, it’s, again, a signal that hecanget awaywith this andhehas then, youknow, other ideas,”Ms. Kallas said in an in-terview with The Globe and Mail onWednesday. “We have a saying that yourappetite grows while eating.”Memories of Soviet rule are still raw in

Estonia. Smaller than Nova Scotia, thenorthernmost Baltic state regained its in-dependence in 1991.Since then, it has wrapped itself in the

protection of the European Union and theNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization –achievements that distinguish it fromUkraine. But added security doesn’t give itironclad certainty that it won’t be next ifMr. Putin’s invasion succeeds.“Of course everybody is afraid because

we know our neighbour,” Ms. Kallas said.The assurances from NATO that it is

united and will defend the territory of all30 member states gives Estonia confi-dence, she said, but “I couldn’t say for surethat Putin wouldn’t test this unity.”

ESTONIA, A12

Estonian Prime Minister Kaja Kallas says her family, like all others in Estonia, hasa story of abuse exacted by the Russian regime. HENDRIK OSULA/THE GLOBE AND MAIL

Estonian PM fears that if Putinisn’t stopped, her country is nextMARIEKE WALSH TALLINN

MORE WARCOVERAGE TGAM.CA

Zelensky: ‘They havean order to erase ourhistory ... Erase us all’

UNITED NATIONS

General Assemblyoverwhelmingly backsvote condemningRussia A5

REPORT ON BUSINESS

Canadian companiesponder whether to cutties with Russia amidreputational fears B1

Kharkiv mayorcondemns Russian‘genocide’ of Ukrainians

Defiant Kherson manstares down tanksarmed only with a flag

West hits Moscowwith an escalatingbarrage of sanctions

Some inmates use a spoon to tunnel their wayout of jail, others scale a wall with knottedbed sheets. John Dillinger used the old “pieceof wood carved in the shape of a gun” trick.

Dillinger, who was later dubbed Public Enemy No. 1by FBI boss J. Edgar Hoover, wasn’t just a notoriousmurdering bank robber; the gangster was a verita-ble Houdini of holding cells, having escaped fromcustody before. On this day in 1934, at the supposed-ly escape-proof Lake County Jail in Crown Point,Ind., where he was held while facing murder charg-es, Dillinger made his move during morning exer-

cises. He had whittled a piece of wood and black-ened itwith shoepolish. Suddenly, hewasbrandish-ing a pistol. He used the phony heater to take theTommys from a pair of screws and busted out of theBig House to go on the lam. (Translation: He con-vinced two correctional authorities that his firearmwas authentic, confiscated their machine guns andmade his egress from incarceration.) Alas for Dill-inger, four months later he was tracked down andfelled in a hail of bullets when he left amovie theat-re. The authorities used real guns.PHILIP KING

MARCH 3, 1934

JOHN DILLINGERBREAKS OUT OF JAIL USINGA FAKE GUN HE WHITTLED

ASSOCIATED PRESS

A2 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022

MOMENT IN TIME

Ottawa convoy organizer TamaraLich submitted an affidavit incourt as part of a bail review, say-ing she was unaware a judge whodenied her release was a formerLiberal candidate. Had sheknown, she said, she would haveasked her lawyer to request therecusal of the judge.Ms. Lich’s affidavit also said

the convoy protests at the heartof the charges she is facing in-cluded expressions of discontentwith Prime Minister Justin Tru-deau. Ontario Justice Julie Bour-geois, who presided over Ms.Lich’s bail hearing, ran for thefederal Liberals in the 2011 elec-tion campaign in the Ontarioriding of Glengarry-Prescott-Rus-sell.Ms. Lich, from Medicine Hat,

organized the GoFundMe pagefor the convoy protest. She is aformer member of the governingcouncil of the separatistMaverickParty in Alberta.Ms. Lich testified to contents of

her affidavit on Wednesdaymorning in an Ottawa court-room. During cross-examinationof Ms. Lich, Crown lawyer MoizKarimjee noted that Justice Bour-geois released fellow convoy pro-test organizer Chris Barber. OnFeb. 18, Justice Bourgeois grantedMr. Barber bail and ordered himto leave Ottawa in 24 hours.“I don’t know the particulars

of Mr. Barber’s case,” Ms. Lichsaid. “I can’t really speak to that. Ican only speak to how I wouldhave felt had I had that infor-mation prior to the hearing.”Mr. Karimjee also asked Ms.

Lich if she was implying that Jus-tice Bourgeois was biased againsther.“With the rhetoric and the lan-

guage that came from somemembers of the Liberal Party ofCanada, including the leader ofthe party, I would have definitely

felt uncomfortable had I knownthat beforehand,” Ms. Lich re-plied.Mr. Karimjee said Wednesday

that the matter is about the ruleof law, not the Prime Minister.Ms. Lich, who was wearing a

surgical mask mandated at thecourt because of pandemic re-strictions, faces several charges,including mischief and inter-feringwith the lawful use and op-eration of property.Court was adjourned on

Wednesdaywithout a decision onthe bail review. Proceedings areto resume on Monday.

During the bail hearing lastweek, Justice Bourgeois said evi-dence showed Ms. Lich was “oneof the leaders of at least a groupof people who obstructed, inter-rupted and interfered with thelawful use, enjoyment or oper-ation of property in the down-town core of Ottawa by blockingand occupying streets.”Justice Bourgeois also said that

while Ms. Lich does not have acriminal record, the convoy orga-nizer’s behaviour in Ottawashowed her “detention is neces-sary for the protection or safetyof the public.”On Wednesday, Ms. Lich’s law-

yer, Diane Magas, said it was an“error of law” to suggest there is adanger to the public when therewas no “suggestion of violence,intimidation, threats, damage,

destruction of property, of anysorts by Ms. Lich, or even her en-couraging such activities.”There is nothing to suggest Ms.

Lich would not obey a court or-der, Ms. Magas added.Pat King, an outspoken leader

of the convoy, was denied bail onFriday. Justice of the Peace An-drew Seymour said evidencefrom the Crown painted a “por-trait of an individual who hasclear intention to continue hisprotest and is indifferent to theconsequences.” He also described“significant frailties” in a pro-posed bail plan.Ottawa Mayor Jim Watson and

Ottawa interim police chief SteveBell have described what tookplace in the city as an “occupa-tion.”Last week, Mr. Watson ended a

state of emergency declared onFeb. 6.Demonstrations in Ottawa

were also part of why Mr. Tru-deau invoked the never-before-used Emergencies Act.On Feb.14, Mr. Trudeau said it

was a “last resort” taken in re-sponse to prolonged demon-strations in downtown Ottawaand blockades at border cross-ings in Alberta, Manitoba andBritish Columbia.The act’s powers are triggered

as soon as it is invoked, but itsprovisions require that a vote onits use be held in the Commonswithin seven days. During thatvote, which took place on Feb. 21,NDP and Liberal MPs voted in fa-vour of using the act, while theConservatives and Bloc Québé-cois voted against.Last week, Mr. Trudeau said

the federal government wasending the use of the act becauseit had been assured police hadsufficient tools to deal with anyfurther challenges. An inquirywill be held into the act’s use anda special review committee ofparliamentarians will also con-duct an examination.

Ottawa protest organizer Lich takes issue withpolitical background of judge who denied bail

KRISTY KIRKUP OTTAWA

Tamara Lich, who waswearing a surgical maskmandated at the courtbecause of pandemicrestrictions, facesseveral charges,including mischiefand interfering withthe lawful use and

operation of property.

[ COLUMNISTS ]

As Russia wages warin Ukraine, DeputyPM Chrystia Freelandis right where sheneeds to be A15

Being a funeral pianistcan be a strange gig,but Amy Boyes knowsher music was helpfulto families A17

There will be winnersand losers as we moveaway from what couldbe the lowest borrowingrates we’ll ever see B10

ROBCARRICK

OPINION

FIRSTPERSON

KONRADYAKABUSKI

OPINION

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I A3NEWS |

Families of the 22 victims in NovaScotia’s mass shooting say noone should be untouchable for apublic inquiry trying to investi-gate all the facts in the tragedy,including police responders andthe gunman’s partner, who waswith him as he appeared to beplanning his attack.But the high-profile inquiry

was bogged down in a disputeWednesday over who could beforced to testify through the useof its subpoena power – with ar-guments focused on Lisa Ban-field, Gabriel Wortman’s com-mon-law spouse, and 17 RCMP of-ficers whose lawyer says beingput on the witness box would betoo traumatic for them.No one, the victims’ families’

lawyers said, can help fill in gapsin the timeline of the massacrebetter than Ms. Banfield. She wasriding around with him on April18, 2020, in the hours before theattack as he allegedly plotted hisroute and even helped him cut apath through the brush that it’sbelieved he later used to escape.But while Ms. Banfield, who is

facing criminal charges of herown for transferring ammunitionused during the attack, has so fardeclined to co-operate with theinquiry, the families’ lawyers arealso getting resistance from theRCMP union.A lawyer for 17 rank-and-file

Nova Scotia RCMP officersnamed by the Mass CasualtyCommission says the police

shouldn’t be forced to testify ininquiry hearings because doingso would cause them to relive thetrauma of April 18-19, 2020.Nasha Nijhawan, representingthe RCMP’s National Police Fed-eration, argued to the inquiry’scommissioners that those offi-cers have already “suffered deep-ly,” including grieving the deathof one of their own in the attack.She said the inquiry has an

obligation to use a trauma-in-formed approach to handlingwitnesses, and said the officers’previous interviews with inquirystaff, free from cross-examin-ation in a public forum, shouldbe enough. Ms. Nijhawan wantsthe commission to accept an ex-pert’s report on mental-healthproblems among police officersto back up her argument.“Are you prepared to risk caus-

ing themmore harm?” she askedthe commission. “They are peo-ple, more than just their uni-forms.”That argument didn’t sit well

with lawyers for families of vic-tims, who say decisions made bythe RCMP in responding to the at-tack on April 18-19, 2020, areamong the most critical ques-tions for the inquiry – and thoseofficers need to answer to thepublic.“It’s contrary to the public in-

terest,” said Robert Pineo, a Hali-fax lawyer representing many ofthe families involved. “I’m notsure howmuch faith there wouldbe in the ultimate findings andrecommendations of this com-mission if a blanket expert reportwas used to block critical evi-dence from being given.”Joshua Bryson, a lawyer repre-

senting victims Peter and JoyBond, said police have difficultjobs and are often called to testifyin criminal trials involving vio-lent events. Using concerns overthe potential for officers’ traumabecause of a “generic expert

opinion” as a reason to avoid tes-tifying in the inquiry is simplyunacceptable, he said.“This was traumatic for every-

one,” he said. “To suggest thesemembers be disqualified fromtestifying because of the natureof this subject matter and theirhypothetical experiences is veryconcerning. In our view, it acts asa bar for this commission to ful-fill its mandate, which is to un-derstand what happened.”Who should be called to testify

at the inquiry into the massshooting has been the subject ofintense debate in early stages ofthe Mass Casualty Commission,which is being held inside a ball-room at the Halifax ConventionCentre.A lot of focus was on Ms. Ban-

field, and information she maybe able to provide around thetimeline of the massacre andsome of the planning the gun-man appeared to be doing. TaraMiller, a lawyer for the families ofvictims Kristen Beaton and Aa-

ron Tuck, said Ms. Banfield waswith Mr. Wortman on April 18when he went on a long drivearound rural Nova Scotia.He appeared to be tracing part

of the route he’d eventually usein his attack, the lawyer said,pointing out homes of some ofhis victims and visiting a bunkerhe’d later use to hide out. Ms.Banfield allegedly helped himclear brush for a path the lawyersuggested he may have used toescape from police, although shenever mentioned this when shewas interviewed by the RCMP,Ms. Miller said.“Having a complete under-

standing of what they did thatday, where they travelled andwho they talked towill bemateri-al,”Ms.Miller said. “There are stillmany gaps and factual inconsis-tencies that exist in the timeline.”Ms. Banfield’s lawyer, Craig

Zeeh, said until her criminalcharges are resolved, his clientcan’t speak to the inquiry. She’salready provided four statements

to police, he said, and helpedRCMP investigators perform a re-enactment.“We’ve been steadfast in our

position that she will not, at thistime, open herself up to furtherinterviews,” he said. “If her legaljeopardy were to be gone, Ms.Banfield would co-operate fullywith this inquiry.”Anastacia Merrigan, a lawyer

for a coalition of women’s shel-ters and intimate partner vio-lence groups participating in theinquiry, also argued Ms. Banfield,who was assaulted by Mr. Wort-man the night the attack began,should be shielded from testify-ing because it could discourageother victims of domestic abusefrom coming forward.Some key pieces of informa-

tion about the hours leading upthe attack come from statementsto police made by Angel Patter-son, a mutual friend of the cou-ple who spoke to both of themmultiple times on April 18. Ms.Patterson, however, has not re-sponded to requests to be inter-viewed by the commission – andas an American living in Maine,the inquiry’s power to subpoenaher is limited.Sandra McCulloch, another

lawyer for the families, said someof the evidence given by Ms. Ban-field to police, including her ac-count of escaping from Mr. Wort-man’s look-alike police vehicle,while handcuffed, and spendingeight hours hiding in the woodsin sub-zero temperatures, needsto be more thoroughly examin-ed.“We have significant concerns

about areas of Ms. Banfield’s ac-count, reflected in her state-ments to the RCMP. There’smuch left unsaid, including heraccount of her escape,” she said.“There’s no witness more criticalto assisting with fulfilling thecommission’s mandate than Ms.Banfield.”

Witness dispute impedes shooting inquirySeventeen RCMPofficers, gunman’sspouse refuse totestify to commissionreviewing mass killingin Nova Scotia in 2020

GREG MERCER

RCMP officers move in to make an arrest at a gas station in Enfield,N.S., on April 19, 2020, the second day of a mass shooting thatkilled 22 people. TIM KROCHAK/THE CANADIAN PRESS

Forty-seven Canadians have beenarrested and 12 children havebeenremovedfromabusivesitua-tions as part of a global investiga-tion into online child sexual ex-ploitation, the RCMP saidWednesday.The Mounties said 186 charges

have been laid in Canada so farduring the investigation, dubbedOperation H. Arrests have beenmade in eight provinces over thepast two years, they said, addingtheinvestigationisstillunderway.The RCMP say the probe began

in New Zealand in the fall of 2019,after law-enforcement officialstherewere alerted by an electron-ic service provider who had dis-covered a large number of sub-scribers sharing “some of themost graphic and violent childsexual abusematerial online.”Roughly 90,000 accounts were

identified as possessing or shar-ing child sexual abuse material,they said.“Online child sexual exploita-

tion is borderless and is amongthe most heinous crimes target-ing our most vulnerable – ourchildren. … Operation H is aprime example of how global col-laboration can help all of ourcountries to protect children,”RCMPSuperintendentAndreBoi-leau of the National Child Exploi-tation Crime Centre said.The international investiga-

tion has led to the arrests of doz-ens of suspects in New Zealandand the safeguarding of 146 chil-dren around the world, they andthe European Union police agen-cy Europol saidWednesday.More than 800 cases have been

opened internationally andmorethan 100 suspects identifiedacross the EU, Europol said.Toronto police, who were con-

tacted as part of the probe, saidtheyhavearrestedandchargedsixmenwith a total of 18 offences, in-cluding some related to possess-ing, accessing and distributingchild sex abuse material. Torontopolice Inspector Justin VanderHeydenof the sex crimesunit saidone of the accused has since beenconvictedand jailed,onehasdied,and the other four are still goingthrough the justice system.

THE CANADIAN PRESS

Forty-sevenCanadiansarrested inglobal childsex-abuseinvestigation

PAOLA LORIGGIO

The earlier convention gives an upperhand to high-profile MP Pierre Poilievre,the only declared candidate at this point.The source said Mr. Charest will make anofficial announcement a week after theleadership rules are released.“One of the things I would bring to the

job, and I think it would be advantageous,is a real understanding of how our federalsystem works. I have been on both sides,”he said. “That’s very much a conservativevalue to make the federal system workwhile respecting jurisdictions.”Ontario MP Ben Lobb, who is undecid-

ed, said: “He’s got great experience. WithCharest, he would broaden the tent … Hewould be well-equipped to be a unitingcandidate, a uniting leader.”But Mr. Lobb conceded that Mr. Poi-

lievre is also a dynamic prospect.Greg McLean, MP for Calgary Centre,

said people are leaning toward Mr. Poi-lievre but said many Albertans will beopen-minded about Mr. Charest.“A lot of people in Alberta still believe

that we need a Progressive Conservativetype of government,” he said.Mr. Poilievre, a right-wing populist, is

expected to draw significant support fromsocial conservatives, and his surrogateshave already attacked Mr. Charest as atax-and-spend politician out of of stepwith mainstream Conservatives.Jenni Byrne, a former top aide to Ste-

phen Harper who is supporting Mr. Poi-lievre, has accused Mr. Charest of oppos-ing Mr. Harper’s move to dismantle thegun registry and for bringing in a carbontax as Quebec premier. She also criticizedhim for working as a legal adviser to Chi-nese telecom giant Huawei Technologieswhile Beijing had jailed two Canadians.Mr. Charest said he has a strong record

as a fiscal conservative, pointing out thathe left Quebec with an $8-billion surplusand a higher credit rating than that ofOntario.He said he isn’t afraid of a fight with

Mr. Poilievre and his team about his vi-sion of the country. “This will be a toughbattle. I have no doubt about it,” he said.He stressed that he too will be reaching

out to social conservatives and build abroad-based conservative coalition to un-seat the federal Liberals.“I am not going to be running against

socons, quite to the contrary. Here arepeople who are very much focused ontheir communities and their churches …so there is a place for everyone in theparty,” he said.When Mr. Charest was contemplating a

run for the Conservative leadership in2019, The Globe reported that he been act-ing as a consultant to Huawei in the MengWanzhou extradition case and the techgiant’s efforts to participate in Canada’s5G wireless networks.Mr. Charest was part of a team at the

law firm of McCarthy Tétrault, includingformer privy-council clerk Wayne Wou-ters, that Huawei retained in the summerof 2019 to offer strategic advise.At the time, Mr. Charest and the law

firm declined to comment on client mat-ters or “whether we act for an organiza-tion or not.” Huawei vice-president forcorporate affairs Alykhan Velshi said in2019 that the Chinese telecom would notdiscuss “individual law firms or advisers”that it hires for expert advice.Mr. Charest said he had approval of the

law firm to explain his role in advisingHuawei to seek a plea deal with the Unit-ed States as the best way toreturn Ms. Meng to Chinaand free imprisoned Cana-dians Michael Kovrig andMichael Spavor.“For us, the best path was

to sort out her situationwith the government of theUnited States, and as a resultof that, the two Michaelswould come home,” he said.“We did not lobby Ameri-cans, but we worked veryhard with the Huawei sideso they could see their wayclear to coming to an agree-ment.”Ms. Meng, the chief finan-

cial officer of Huawei Technologies, reac-hed a deferred prosecution agreementwith the U.S. Justice Department in Sep-tember, 2021, allowing her to return toChina nearly three years after she was de-tained in Canada at the request of theUnited States on bank-fraud charges.A few hours after she left Vancouver,

China released the two Michaels, who hadbeen jailed on espionage charges since2018 in what Canada said was retaliationfor the detention of Ms. Meng.Mr. Charest, 63, said that if he became

prime minister, he would follow the ad-vice of Canada’s allies and Canadian secu-rity agencies that have urged Ottawa to

ban Huawei from this country’s 5G net-works.He said he will lay out details and pol-

icies once the race gets under way, includ-ing a more vibrant foreign policy andstronger national defence, particularlywith the growing threat from Russia,which has a modern military base in theArctic.“Canada has been missing in action in

a lot of parts of the world, sowe need to have a very seri-ous look at what our foreignpolicy and defence is,” hesaid. “The North for us is abig part of the challenge forthe future. We need to havea very, very firm view of howwe are going to occupy ourterritory and exercise oursovereignty.”Details of the Conserva-

tive leadership race are nowbeing developed by a 21-member leadership electionorganizing committee.When an organizing com-mittee was last assembled in

2019, it took about a month to draft therules.The leadership opened up this year

when the Conservative caucus voted 73 to45 on Feb. 2 to remove Erin O’Toole asleader, capping tensions between Mr.O’Toole and some caucus members. Can-dice Bergen is the party’s interim leader.Mr. Charest, served briefly as deputy

prime minister under Kim Campbell andwas leader of the opposition PCs from1993 to 1998 when he was recruited totake over the Quebec Liberal Party andchallenge the separatist threat posed byParti Québécois Premier Lucien Bou-chard.

Charest: Former premier says he has a strong record asa fiscal conservative, citing Quebec’s surplus when he left office

FROM A1

One of the thingsI would bringto the job, and

I think it would beadvantageous, is areal understandingof how our federal

system works. I havebeen on both sides.

JEAN CHARESTFORMER QUEBEC PREMIER

Jean Charest said he will focus on including a more vibrant foreign policy and strongernational defence in his campaign, particularly with the growing threat from Russia,which has a modern military base in the Arctic. DAVE CHAN/THE GLOBE AND MAIL

A4 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022WAR IN UKRAINE

son was not immediately clear.On Wednesday Russia for the

first time acknowledged signifi-cant losses in Ukraine, saying498 of its soldiers had died.In Kyiv, Mayor Vitali Klitschko

warned Russian troops are mov-ing closer to the capital. A 65-kilometre-long convoy remainspositioned to the north of thecity. A Tuesday attack on a televi-sion tower killed at least fivepeople and rained destructionon Babi Yar, the site of Nazi mas-sacres of Jews in 1941.In a video address Wednesday,

Ukrainian President VolodymyrZelensky, his voice hoarse, said:“They have an order to erase ourhistory. Erase our country. Eraseus all.”A statement from the Ukrai-

nian Armed Forces accusedRussian forces of resorting to ter-ror.“Having no success in advanc-

ing, the enemy insidiously con-tinues performing missile andbomb strikes on critical infras-tructure in order to intimidatethe civilian population,” thestatement said.Russian forces have also failed

to take Mykolaiv, a port city thatlies between Kherson and Odesa.In Kherson, however, the ad-

vance of Russian troops left thecity gripped by terror.Shortly after midnight

Wednesday, a Russian tankpassed by an apartment whereLina Ludchenko, a science librar-ian, lives with her two sons. Itaimed its gun at her window. Shebacked away, fearing for her life.Ten minutes later, she heard

multiple shots – perhaps asmany as 10. When she went outto look in the morning, she dis-covered that several apartmentshad been destroyed in a nearbybuilding. Images she sent to TheGlobe and Mail show the apart-

Yet Kharkiv and the capital, Kyiv,remained under Ukrainian con-trol, as the country’s soldiers andcivilians fought Russian troopswith anti-tank missiles and hu-man shields – such as the thou-sands of people who gathered onan access road to the Zaporizhz-hia nuclear power plant afterRussia seized control of landaround the reactor complex, Eu-rope’s largest.In Kherson, however, Russian

tanks rolled past downtownapartment buildings shortly af-ter midnight – pointing theirmain guns at some, shooting atothers – then took up positionsat Freedom Square, in the city’scentre. Russia has “taken fullcontrol” of Kherson, its DefenceMinistry said.On Wednesday night, Mayor

Igor Kolykhaev wrote on Face-book that “there were armed vis-itors in the city council today”and he told them, “We don’thave Ukrainian Armed Forces inthe city.”The Russian military imposed

a curfew and banned peoplefrom walking together withmore than one other person.By then, the city had already

been in Russian hands for hours.At 10 a.m., when Evgeny Dre-

mo left his home to find med-icine for his mother, Russian sol-diers with heavy equipmentwere stationed at checkpoints ontwo of the main arteries in Kher-son’s downtown, UshakovaStreet and Ukrains’ka Street.Mr. Dremo approached with

his hands raised high. At eachstop, soldiers searched his bag,his jacket and his phone. Hepassed seven such checkpointsbefore returning home with onlyhalf the pills his mother needs toslow the advance of her Parkin-son’s disease.Hours later, his hands were

still shaking. Still, he said hewould go out again Thursday tosearch for more pills.“What the eyes fear, the hands

do,” he said, reciting a commonsaying.Residents in Kherson reported

Russian control of the city’s trainstation, port areas and the Anto-novskiy Bridge, a critical point ofconnection with Crimea, an-nexed by Russia in 2014, as wellas the roadways that lead to Ode-sa, the country’s most importantport city.“Kherson is a key for southern

Ukraine,” said Sergiy Dmitruk, alawyer from the city, where anunsettled quiet descended aspeople remained at home, somekeeping their lights off for fearthey could come under attack.It is a fear that is now touch-

ing all corners of the country.In Lviv, in western Ukraine,

the day began with air-raid si-rens.Later, gunmen in black uni-

forms – who appeared to be Uk-rainian special forces or mem-bers of the country’s SBU securi-ty services – cleared part of themain square, although the rea-

ment windows had been turnedinto black holes.On the street, Ms. Ludchenko

found two people dead in a car –a woman in her 20s and a man inhis 40s. She believed they hadbeen shot for violating a curfew.“They were killed by Rus-

sians,” she said. “There are onlyRussian soldiers in our city rightnow.”Residents remained defiant.

Video shared with The Globefrom Wednesday morning showsa line of tanks aimed at the re-gional administration buildingin Kherson’s central square.

A man stands between thetanks and the building, wavingtwo Ukrainian flags. “Get out ofKherson!” someone yells.Other images were far more

grim.Shortly before noon Tuesday,

Anzhelika Melnyk’s son, Yurii,emerged from a bomb shelter toget food and water from hisapartment for his pregnant wifeand four-year-old son. While hewas outside, he was struck by ashell. “His body was torn intotwo parts,” Ms. Melnyk said.

She gathered up the remnantsand covered them to securethem from dogs before fleeing,as the attack continued. OnWednesday, she returned to pickup the body parts and broughtthem to the morgue. She also re-corded a video of her son’s shat-tered remains and sent it to oth-ers.“I want the mothers of Rus-

sian soldiers to see what theirchildren are doing in Ukraine,”she said. Her son lived in anapartment building roughly fivekilometres from the centre ofKherson, in an area far from anymilitary facilities. She said shebelieved the attack that killedher son was part of an effort toterrorize the local population soit would not resist the capture ofthe city.“I want those Russian mothers

to see that Putin is firing not atmilitary targets but at civilianhomes,” she said. The RussianPresident and his country “arenot worthy to be on this Earth,”she added.“Mothers should not have to

collect the pieces of their chil-dren.”The attacks have left parts of

Kherson without water and elec-tricity, including the village ofStepanovka, where a hospital islocated.Yuri Volynsky, a software

programmer and tango instruc-tor, spent Wednesday with hisgirlfriend. The pair were unableto move across the city to checkon her 70-year-old father, whoseapartment building was at-tacked, leaving him with burstwindows and no water, heat orelectricity.Temperatures in Kherson are

just above freezing. To staywarm, her father had coveredthe windows with plastic andwas “wearing everything he can,”

Mr. Volynsky said.Although Mr. Volynsky’s own

residence had not been struck,he has struggled to cope withthe fear, rearranging book-shelves, electric heaters andmattresses in hopes of creatinga safe space.“I have two places to hide.

One is if we get shooting fromthe north, and another if we getshooting from the south,” hesaid. “Mentally, it’s very difficult.Sometimes I can’t breathe nor-mally. It’s very difficult to func-tion.”Outside Ukraine, the West

continued to respond with an es-calating barrage of sanctions andcriticism.Canada said late Wednesday it

would put sanctions on 10 pet-roleum industry executives attwo Russian companies: Gaz-prom and Rosneft. Foreign Af-fairs Minister Mélanie Joly’sstatement, however, did notidentify the names of the target-ed executives.The U.S. Justice Department

has formed a “KleptoCapture”task force to find and seize assetsbelonging to sanctioned Russianleaders and oligarchs.Some of those assets are hid-

den behind byzantine ownershipstructures.U.S. President Joe Biden also

said he is open to banningimports of Russian oil, a stepCanada took earlier in the week.Jet manufacturers Boeing andAirbus both said they would jointhe list of Western companieswho will not sell to Russia.The death of civilians “fully

qualifies as a war crime,” BritishPrime Minister Boris Johnsonsaid. He called Russia’s tactics inUkraine “barbaric and indiscrim-inate.”But with Western countries

refusing to countenance mili-tary intervention, the defence ofthe country continued to fall tothose in Ukraine willing to takeup arms – including SviatoslavYurash, Ukraine’s youngest-everMP and a member of Mr. Zelen-sky’s Servant of the People par-ty.In Kyiv, Mr. Yurash has been

going to various checkpoints, de-livering supplies and weapons.The 26-year-old said although

he has no military training, hewas moving around Kyiv with avest, helmet and AKM-74 assaultrifle.“They are trying to encircle

the city, to cut off supply routes.They now have the north, theyare working in the east, they aretrying in the west, and we arebeating them back there. Thecity is being prepared for a siege.We are bringing everything weneed to prepare for that,” hesaid, panting as he spoke.“This is a city of millions. We

are not just going to leave it afterthousands of years of history. So,yes, we are going to fight to keepit Ukrainian, to keep it the cap-ital of a European country.”

With a report fromSteven Chase in Ottawa

Kherson: Fear of attack now touching all corners of the countryFROM A1

THE GLOBE AND MAIL, SOURCES: REUTERS, AP, BLOOMBERG VIA GRAPHIC NEWS

Reported fighting Russian troop incursions

Black Sea

Russian convoyadvancing on Kyiv

Kharkiv: Civilians killed inmultiple rocket attacks

Okhtyrka: Dozens of Ukrainiansoldiers reportedly killed

BELARUS

POLAND

SLOVAKIA

HUNGARY

ROMANIA

MOLDOVA

BULGARIA

RUSSIA

UKRAINEUKRAINE

Lviv

DonetskLuhansk

Mariupol

Zaporizhzhia

Odesa

Held bypro-Russianseparatists

Kherson

Kyiv

Chernihiv

SumyClaimed by

separatists, heldby Ukraine

0 200

KM

*As of March 1

CrimeaAnnexed byRussia in 2014

I have two places tohide. One is if we getshooting from the

north, and another ifwe get shooting fromthe south. Mentally,it’s very difficult.Sometimes I can’tbreathe normally.It’s very difficult

to function.

YURI VOLYNSKYSOFTWARE PROGRAMMER

AND TANGO INSTRUCTOR IN KHERSON

UkrainianPresidentVolodymyrZelensky’sclaim that nearly 6,000 Russian soldiershave been killed since the start of the in-vasion last week is not exaggerated and issure to rise sharply as the Russianmilitarylays siege to big cities.That was the assessment of a senior

Western intelligence official.“I think the numbers that he is quoting

there are probably highly accurate,” the of-ficial said, suggesting the figure is nodoubtfar higher thanRussian PresidentVladimirPutin had expected after only six days ofmilitary operations inside Ukraine.The Globe and Mail is not naming the

official because he was not authorized toidentify himself publicly, given hissensitive position in the intelligence com-munity.He put the number of Russian dead,

backed up by NATO analysis, at 5,800 as ofTuesday evening. There was no estimatefor the number wounded.On Wednesday, the Russian Defence

Ministry said 487 of its servicemen hadbeen killed and just fewer than 1,600wounded.Mr. Zelensky cited the 6,000 figure in a

televised address on Wednesday, in whichhe sought to boost Ukrainians’morale andfighting spirit.

“Today, you, Ukrainians, are a symbol ofinvincibility,” he said. “A symbol that peo-ple in any country can become the bestpeople on earth at any moment. Glory toUkraine!”TheAssociated Press earlier onWednes-

day reported Ukraine’s emergency servicesaid more than 2,000 civilians had died, afigure AP added was impossible to verify.The United Nations human-rights officehad tallied 136 deaths.The intelligenceofficial said thenumber

of Ukrainians dead was probably muchhigher.The official said the war seemed to be

headed into amore deadly phase since theRussian advance had met a robust Ukrai-nian defence. The initial wave was com-

prised of lightly armed, highlymobile mil-itary units that the Ukrainian militaryfound fairly easy to fight, depriving theRussians of a swift victory.“Part of what you are seeing is them

now catching up, that now it is time to in-troduce [better-equipped] troops,” hesaid.“I think the concernwe have, they seem

to be bringing in heavier forces with morearmour, more long-range artillery, heavierweapons that arenot justmoredestructivein their nature, but frankly are also lessprecise. … It means we’re likely to see anexpansion of what we’ve already seen inthe last 48 hours, which is already a greatdegree of civilian infrastructure damage.And so the violence level will go up, the

number of refugeeswill go up, the numberof civilian casualties and dead will go up.”The UN has said more than 870,000 ci-

vilians have fled Ukraine since Feb. 24. TheEuropeanUnionestimatedasmanyas fourmillion Ukrainians may try to leave thecountry as the fighting intensifies.Poland has taken the highest number of

refugees, at more than 450,000, followedby Hungary, Moldova and Slovakia. Thenumber of internally displaced persons isnot known.On Wednesday, Russia made strategic

gains in southern Ukraine and occupiedthe city of Kherson, which has a popula-tion of about 300,000. Yet other importantUkrainian cities, notably Kharkiv in theeast, and Kyiv, the capital, remained underUkrainian control.On Wednesday morning, the regional

governor in Kharkiv said Russian shellinghad killed 21 people and wounded 112.Meanwhile, an enormous Russian convoyhad rolled toward Kyiv. Late on Wednes-day, Bloomberg reported a Pentagon offi-cial said Russian forces appeared to bestalled on the outskirts of the capital, pos-sibly owing to shortages of fuel and food.TheWestern intelligenceofficial painted

a gloomyoutlook forUkraine, in spite of itssurprisingly strong defence of key Russiantargets and Russia’s inability, so far, toachieve air superiority.Russia’s sheer military might and toler-

ance for lossesmay eventually overwhelmUkraine, he said.“Themass and the quality and the capa-

bility of theRussians deployed are far grea-ter than anything Ukraine has,” he said. “Ifyou just continue to grind away, you willoverwhelm the defence. …Eventually, ifthe Russians maintain the will, they willgrind the Ukrainians down and they willhave a victory of sorts, but the death anddestruction accordingly will be very high.”

Official backs Zelensky’s death-toll claimUkrainian President said nearly6,000 Russian soldiers havebeen killed so far – a figuresure to rise as the siege of bigcities continues, source says

ERIC REGULYEUROPEAN BUREAU CHIEFBRUSSELS

Destroyed military vehicles fill a street in the town of Bucha in the Kyiv region on Tuesday,as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine continues. SERHII NUZHNENKO/REUTERS

To live life with style, read Style Advisor, published four times per year.In paper and online at tgam.ca/StyleAdvisor — for Globe subscribers only.

If it’s in style, it’s in Style Advisor.Who are you wearing? What are you eating? Where would you love to go?

Every issue of The Globe and Mail Style Advisor captures life-enriching experiencesand taste-making moments in fashion, art, travel, design and food.

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I A5

Russia has suffered amajor diplo-matic defeat at the United Na-tions, losing a vote at the GeneralAssembly by an overwhelmingmargin of 141 to 5 after an emer-gencydebatemobilized a surgeofsupport for a resolution con-demning the Russian invasion ofUkraine.Diplomats jumped to their feet

and applauded loudly when thevote results were displayed on ascreen. Just four countries –NorthKorea, Syria, Belarus and Eritrea –voted with Russia to oppose theresolution, while 35 abstained.The resolution demands that

Russia immediately halt its inva-sion and completely withdraw allits forces unconditionally fromUkraine.Theresolution“deploresin the strongest terms” the Rus-sian aggression. It also condemnsRussia’s decision to increase thereadiness of its nuclear forces.“The message of the General

Assembly is loud and clear,” UNSecretary-General Antonio Gu-terres told journalists after thevote on Wednesday. “End hostili-ties in Ukraine – now. Silence theguns – now. Open the door to dia-logue and diplomacy – now.”The vote shows that the world

wants an end to the “tremendoushuman suffering” in Ukraine, hesaid. “We don’t have amoment tolose. The brutal effects of the con-flict are plain to see. As bad as thesituation is for the people of Uk-raine right now, it threatens to getmuch, much worse. The tickingclock is a time bomb.”The resolution was approved

by a larger margin than expectedin the 193-member General As-sembly, where all of the world’scountries are represented. Itneeded two-thirds support fromthe voting members to win ap-proval.In a similar vote in 2014 after

Russia annexed the Crimeanterritory from Ukraine, a resolu-tion condemning Moscow’s ac-tions was supported by far fewer

countries: 100 of the UN’s mem-ber states.BobRae, Canada’s ambassador

to the UN, said the vote was anoverwhelming result. “Now wemust pursue peace with justice,

accountability and no impunity,and humanitarian assistance tothose displaced by the war,” hesaid in a tweet after the vote. “Pu-tin’s warmust end.”Even some of President

Vladimir Putin’s staunchest dip-lomatic friends were unwilling tosupport Russia in the vote. Someabstained, including Cuba, Nica-ragua and Iran. Others, such asSerbia and Brazil, supported theresolution.“This is a global rebuke of his-

toricproportions,”saidSamanthaPower, administrator of the U.S.international development agen-cy and a former U.S. ambassadorto the UN.“Putin is isolated to an unprec-

edented degree,” she said. “Evenhis long-standing partners arecondemning this invasion.”TheGeneralAssemblyheld the

emergency debate under a rarelyinvoked clause that allowed it tohold a vote if the UN SecurityCouncil’s five permanent mem-bers failed to reach an agreementon an issue.Since the beginning of the war,

Russia has wielded its veto powerat the Security Council to blockany resolution against its Ukraineinvasion, so the council referred

the issue to theGeneral Assemblyfor a vote.Linda Thomas-Greenfield, the

U.S. ambassador to the UN, saidthe vote showed that the world isunited. “Light has won over dark-ness,” she told journalists. “Thevast majority of the world hascondemned Russia’s unpro-voked, unjustified, unconsciona-ble war. We have demonstratedthat Russia is isolated and alone.”There was a similar gesture on

Tuesday,whenmore than140dip-lomats walked out of a room inGeneva, Switzerland, when Rus-sian Foreign Minister Sergei Lav-rovwasdue to speakbyvideo linkto the UN Human Rights Council.Onlya smallhandfulofdiplomatsremained to hear him speak.The dozens of abstentions at

the General Assembly, however,showed that many countries arestill unwilling to condemn Rus-sia’s invasion of Ukraine. AmongtheabstentionswereChina, India,Pakistanand 17African countries,including South Africa.Another dozen countries did

not participate in the vote, for un-clear reasons. Some were tradi-tional Russian allies, such as Eth-iopia, that might have wanted toavoid any connection to a votecriticizingMoscow.The abstentions by key powers

such as India and China in theUNGeneral Assembly were a signalthat Russia still retains some levelof tacit support from countriesthat remain reluctant to criticizeit – largely for reasons of econom-ic ormilitary links.“India is the world’s biggest

arms importer, and it is depend-ent on Russia,” said Sanjay Rupa-relia, the Jarislowsky DemocracyChair at Ryerson University inToronto. “Its reliance is evengreater in the realm of tanks,fighter jets and submarines. All ofthese requiremaintenance, spareparts, etc.”Despite attempts to diversify

its arms suppliers, India still feelsa strong need for Russian weap-onryafter a seriesof violent clash-es with China on the Sino-Indianborder, Mr. Ruparelia told TheGlobe andMail.

UN General Assembly deals Russia diplomatic defeat

Delegates react as results of a vote on Russia’s invasion of Ukraine are displayed at an emergency session ofthe UN General Assembly in New York Wednesday. The resolution was passed by an overwhelming marginof 141 to 5. China, India and Pakistan were among the 35 abstentions. CARLO ALLEGRI/REUTERS

In favour ofcondemning

141 Abstain35 Did not vote12Against5

UN General Assembly voted to condemn Russia'sinvasion of Ukraine

THE GLOBE AND MAIL, SOURCE: UNITED NATIONS

GEOFFREY YORKAFRICA BUREAU CHIEFJOHANNESBURG

NEWS |

A6 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022BRITISH COLUMBIA

Harmandeep Kaur had just be-come a permanent resident ofCanada about three weeks ago.She had her future plans linedup: touring in B.C. with her par-ents from India, continuing hereducation and eventually becom-ing “someone bigger” in thiscountry.But all of her plans and dreams

shattered after she was fatally at-tacked lastweekwhileworking asa security guard at the Universityof British Columbia’s campus inthe Okanagan. Ms. Kaur was 24.“This is so tragic that she had

to go like this,” said Kuljit Pabla,speaking on behalf of Ms. Kaur’sfamily. “She’s a very intelligentperson. She’s hard-working, goodwork ethic. She loves her family.”Mr. Pabla said Ms. Kaur was

about to finish her night shift atthe campus, located in Kelowna.Kelowna RCMP said in a news

release that police responded toreports of an assault at one of thebuildings on campus Saturdaymorning. Police arrested a man,who was also working at the uni-versity, under the Mental HealthAct.

Chad Kalyk, president of Pala-din Security Group Ltd., saidMs. Kaur was his employee.“We’ve been working throughthis since early Saturdaymorningwhen the incident occurred, andit’s really devastating for our en-tire organization,” he said.Kelowna City Councillor Mohi-

ni Singh said she was shockedand devastated by the incident.“Her job is to look after the safetyof others. Why was [no one] tak-ing care of her?” Ms. Singh said.“Does she have the training to

deal with aggressive situationslike this? Does she know what todo? Does she have the tools to

look after herself?”Mr. Kalyk saidMs. Kaur had ad-

ditional support at her work siteand extra help off-site if needed.He said there’s a legislated re-quirement for training in BritishColumbia andMs. Kaur exceededthat. He said her training in-volved a blend of security-relatedcourses as well as site-basedtraining and orientation.He said his company has en-

gagedwithWorkSafeBCaspart ofan investigation into the inci-dent. It’s also conducting an in-ternal review.Mr. Pabla said Ms. Kaur’s par-

ents have arrived in B.C. from In-dia. Her parents’ initial plan wasto come in April and then travelin Kelowna with Ms. Kaur. Theyalso wanted to discuss her futureplans together, such as schoolingand marriage, he added.Mr. Pabla has established an

online fundraiser to help herfamily with travel and funeralcosts, as well as potential legalcosts as the family is pursuingjustice for Ms. Kaur.Ms. Kaur moved to Canada

from Kapurthala in the Punjabstate in 2015. After attending acollege in the Vancouver area forsome time, she found her way toKelowna in 2018. She loved fash-ion and styling her ownwardrobeand spending time with friends,according to the fundraiser page.She worked many jobs and

wanted to fast-track her perma-

nent residency by working, Mr.Pabla said. Working at a campusfurther sparked her interest ofstudying at a university in B.C.“She was thinking about being

a paramedic, something alongthe medical field lines,” he said.Mr. Pabla said during the past

few days, they received manymessages fromMs. Kaur’s friendsboth in B.C. and abroad. “She’stouched a lot of people’s hearts.”Nathan Skolski, a spokesper-

son for UBC Okanagan, said heexpects the university will pro-vide an update on this incident inthe coming days. Principal LesleyCormack said in a statement theschool is working closelywith theRCMP and its partners to provideassistance required in the investi-gation. The statement calls the at-tack an isolated incident that didnot involve students and doesnot pose a continuing risk tocampus safety.“We are devastated that some-

thing like this would happen onour campus. My heart and mythoughts, and those of everyoneat UBCO, go to the family,” Dr.Cormack said. “… There will beplenty of opportunity to try tounderstand the circumstances ofthis tragedy over the comingweeks but our immediate priorityis to support the family and indi-viduals affected.”

With a report fromThe Canadian Press

New permanent resident working assecurity guard killed at UBC OkanaganKelowna RCMP arrestman who was alsoworking at university

XIAO XU VANCOUVER

Harmandeep Kaur, 24, who worked part time as a security guard at theUniversity of British Columbia’s Okanagan campus, was fatally attackedwhile working Saturday morning. COURTESY OF THE FAMILY

A lawyer for British Columbia’s former clerk of the legislativeassembly has accused special prosecutors and witnesses of“rewriting history” in his criminal trial.Gavin Cameron presented defence argumentsWednesday

in theB.C. SupremeCourt trial of Craig James,whohas plead-ed not guilty to two counts of fraud over $5,000 and onecount of breach of trust.He told Associate Chief Justice Heather Holmes that the

case has been under pressure from the public spotlight afterformer Speaker Darryl Plecas embarked on a “crusade” tofind wrongdoing.Mr. Plecas published a report in 2019 detailing allegations

ofmisspending at the legislaturemonths afterMr. Jameswasplaced on administrative leave amid an RCMP investigation.“It’s scarce to findamatterwhichhas receivedmorepublic

notoriety than this one – with reportage, multiple investiga-tions, multiple interviews – in this province,” Mr. Cameronsaid.Crown prosecutors have said the case rests on three main

areas: Mr. James’s claim to a $258,000 retirement allowance;his role in the purchase and storage of a wood splitter andtrailer; and his personal expense claims.They have argued that Mr. James used his position, which

they likened to the CEO of the legislature, to take advantageof weaknesses in policy to enrich himself.However, Mr. Cameron argued that a guilty verdict could

only be supported with proof of corruption and there’s noevidence of that.Mr. James was transparent with each of his claims, which

were overseen by multiple responsible individuals whoraised only “a handful of questions” over half a decade andnever lodged a complaint, Mr. Cameron said.When a problemwas identified, he tried to fix it. Mr. James

immediately changed his conduct after he was told alcoholwas an inappropriate gift and wrote a personal cheque to re-imburse an ineligible expense claim for a taxi fare, Mr. Cam-eron said.Mr. Cameron’s defence colleague, Kevin Westell, said Mr.

James inheritedabrokensystemwhenhewasnamedclerk in2011 but he didwhat he could to fill the gaps, including form-inganauditworkinggroupand invitingmembersof theaudi-tor-general’s office to join meetings.By 2017, he said 33 of 36 serious issued identified by the au-

ditor-general’s office had been rectified.And the decision to award Mr. James a retirement benefit

was that of the Speaker of the day, not Mr. James, Mr. Cam-eron said.It was only after Mr. Plecas went on a “crusade” and

“threatened” staff that concernswere raised,Mr. Cameron al-leged.Mr. Plecas brought the initial complaint against Mr. James

to the RCMP, provided themwith documents, and carried onhis own investigation in parallel to the Mounties, he said.AlthoughMr. Cameron said he did not believe anywitness

would be intentionally dishonest, he urged the judge to taketheir testimony with “significant caution.”“In my submission, a culture of fear reigned,” he said.He pointed to testimony from one legislative employee

whotold thecourt thatMr. Plecasandhis special adviserAlanMullen screamed at him “like a dog” and told him he was ei-ther with them or against them in the investigation.Randall Ennis, who was acting sergeant-at-arms in 2018,

said the incident occurred after he told the pair he believedthe acting clerk should be informed of the RCMP investiga-tion.“Even thosewho felt they didn’t have to consciously tailor

their evidencehad itunconsciously tailored for them.Mr.Ple-cas wrote a highly publicized report containing inflammato-ry and demonstrably false allegations,” Mr. Cameron said.Mr. Cameron accused Crown prosecutors of overstating

their case against Mr. James, which he said isn’t backed upwith sufficient evidence.“Theevidence showed that reasonableand legitimatepeo-

ple actingwithin reasonableadministrative frameworks con-sidered the matters carried on in the open by Mr. James andnever once suggested there was fraud or crime,” he said.“Theworst thatcanbesaidofMr. James is thathe’sguiltyof

bureaucratic ineptitude. That’s not a crime.”

THE CANADIAN PRESS

No evidence of corruptionby former legislatureclerk, defence argues

AMY SMART VANCOUVER

Distro Disco is a donationcentre on wheels that dis-tributes much-needed

items to the unhoused popula-tion of Vancouver.The volunteer-run project was

founded by long-time friendsCharlie Hannah and Rianne Svel-nis at the onset of the COVID-19pandemic in 2020.At the time, Hannah (who pre-

fers the gender-neutral pronounthey) had been laid off from theirjob in the film and television in-dustry and was collecting theCanada Emergency ResponseBenefit. The friends began towor-ry about how the pandemicwould affect their unhousedneighbours on Vancouver’sDowntown Eastside.Hannah and Svelnis started

making “COVIDKits” that includ-ed items such as batteries andhand sanitizer, which they dis-tributed at tent cities. “There isn’ta reason that people shouldn’tget the things they need to sur-vive if they have to live outdoorsbecause of a housing crisis,” Han-nah said.Looking to expand on the ex-

isting services provided by mem-bers of the Downtown Eastsidecommunity, the duo began hold-ing monthly supply drives wherepeople could drop off gently usedor new household items, includ-ing clothing and camping equip-ment such as tents and tarps.Hannahowneda 1980s camper

van theyhadplanned to fix up forpersonal travel, but decided itcouldbeput tobetter use as amo-bile distribution centre for thegrowing inventory of donationscoming in. They outfitted the vanwith a disco ball in homage to itsretro heritage and named it theDistro Disco.The Distro is run as a mutual-

aid project, where people cometogether to collectively meet the

needs of the community. It oper-ates as a “free store,” a conceptthat allows the people it serves toselect the items they need most,in contrast with traditional dona-tion centres where organizers of-ten dictate who gets what.Distro Disco collects items at

Hannah’s garage on the first Sat-urday of every month and redis-tributes them at Crab Park,Grandview Park and the Van-couver Area Network of Drug Us-

ers on the following Saturdays.The organizers primarily use

Instagram to keep people in-formed about what items are re-quired, but say the greatest needis for tents, lights, blankets, tarps,warm clothing, batteries and toi-letries. Gift certificates to placessuch as Shoppers Drug Mart andTim Hortons have been donatedin the past and remain popular.

Special to The Globe and Mail

Charlie Hannah, founder of the Distro Disco, uses a camper van to distribute items to low-income and unhousedcommunities of Vancouver. PHOTOS BY JACKIE DIVES/THE GLOBE AND MAIL

Distro Disco delivering to those in need

JACKIE DIVES

The Distro operates as a ‘free store,’ a concept that allows the people itserves to select the items they need most.

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A8 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022WAR IN UKRAINE

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Er-dogan’s balancing act of backingUkraine while signalling that Rus-sia remains important to his coun-

try is becoming increasingly difficult as hecriticizes Vladimir Putin and yet continuesto accommodate him.The two leaders have a tense working

relationship long described as a marriageof convenience, but it could be jeopar-dized by Mr. Erdogan’s support for Kyiv.He has sold lethal drones to Ukraine,

and Turkey has described the conflict as awar, triggering an international pact thatprevents additional Russian warshipsfrom entering the Black Sea. Turkey votedWednesday in favour of theUnitedNationsGeneral Assembly’s historic denunciationof Russia’s invasionofUkraine.On theoth-er hand, Turkey has not closed its airspaceto Russia and will not impose sanctionsagainst the regime.Mr. Erdogan has also offered to mediate

the crisis, and earlier this week said Turkeywould not turn its back on either Ukraineor Russia. On Tuesday, he urged Ukraineand Russia to stop fighting and said Anka-ra was not opposed to NATO expansion – akey bone of contention for Mr. Putin.Experts in Turkey have describedMr. Er-

dogan’s approach toMr. Putin as walking atightrope: showing full support for Uk-raine while trying not to anger a powerfulneighbour that could retaliate. The twocountries have strong economic ties, withTurkey relying heavily on Russian fuel ex-ports, tourismand trade. At the same time,Russia has long posed a threat, with histor-ic fighting between the countries often re-sulting in Turkey losing territory.Many experts have said that if Russia be-

comes irritated by Turkey’s support for Uk-raine, it could retaliate by bombing Idlib inSyria, which would sendmore Syrian refu-gees toward Turkey’s southern border.“Turkey has figured out over the centuriesits approach to co-operating with Russiaand to confronting it,” said Atlantic Coun-cil senior fellow and former U.S. ambassa-dor to Azerbaijan Matthew Bryza, who isbased in Istanbul.Mr. Bryza said Turkey has tried to thread

the needle on this issue and many othersin the past, but it was clear Ankara couldno longer avoid calling the conflict a warand triggering the implementation of theMontreux Convention, which limits war-ships in the Black Sea.Mr. Bryza pointed out that Mr. Erdogan

reached out to Mr. Putin, explaining thesituation, and Russia reportedly assented.“So a balancing act, constantly,” he said.“He condemned the war. He con-

demned the annexation of Crimea. But hesaid those relations will continue on bothsides,” Mr. Bryza added.Turkey’s relationship with Ukraine is al-

so important. Mr. Bryza said Turkey is Uk-raine’s largest investor. He pointed outthat not only has Ankara sold drones to itsneighbour, the two countries have agreedto manufacture them in Ukraine. “Thoseare killing Russian soldiers. … There aredead Russian soldiers because of Turkey’sco-operation with Ukraine, and there willbe many more.”Turkey has traditionally balanced its re-

lationships with the West and Russia, de-

spite its membership in NATO, said SeckinKostem, an assistant professor of interna-tional relations atBilkentUniversity inAn-kara.He said Turkey and Russia are connect-

ed by geography and economic ties, partic-ularly on energy, and the Syrian conflict.But Turkey defines its relationship withUkraine as strategic – the two signed a free-trade agreement just lastmonth –while itsrelationship with Russia is much different.Prof. Kostem said Moscow has impor-

tant economic leverage over Ankara,which is another key reason Turkey has toco-operate with its neighbour. “It’s astrange partnership. It looks like an un-likely partnership. A lot of themreferred toit as a marriage of conve-nience.… I call it an informalgeopolitical alignment, butit’s definitely not a strategicpartnership.”He raised Turkey’s down-

ing of a Russian jet in 2015,and then, in 2020, the killingof more than 30 Turkish sol-diers in Idlib as a result of ajoint Russian-Syrian airstrike. “So it’s not a close co-ordination of military plansin Syria. It’s rather the twosides accommodate eachother for pursuing their ownmilitary strategies,” he said.He also pointed out that Russia and Tur-

keyhaveusually been at odds in every geo-political crisis from Syria to Libya, Crimea,Nagorno-Karabakh, Georgia and now theinvasion of Ukraine.“They do have close ties. But because

they have to have close ties, this doesn’tmean they are allies or strategic partners.They’ve learned to have to co-operate inthe past three decades. They share thesame geography, so it’s been a tough learn-ing process.”Turkey’s overtures to Russia have

caused tension with the West. At the sametime, Turkey has not always felt supportedby NATO.

Mr. Bryza saidRussia has also beenplay-ing it carefully with Ankara because Mr.Putin’s chief strategic goal when it comesto Turkey is splitting it away from NATO.After the 2016 attempted coup in Tur-

key,Mr. Putinwas the first foreign leader tocall Mr. Erdogan.Meanwhile, the Obama administration

took days to condemn that coup, and U.S.secretary of state JohnKerry said that ifMr.Erdogan had clamped down on the oppo-sition, Turkey’s membership in NATOwould have come under scrutiny.Then, in 2017, Ankara’s multibillion-

dollar purchase of a Russian missile sys-tem prompted the Trump administrationto impose sanctions against Turkey.

However, Mr. Bryza said,“Russia’s attempt to pull Tur-key away from NATO is nowdoomed,” as Ankara tilts to-ward Ukraine.What people often fail to

understand when it comesto Turkey and Russia is thebloodyhistory the two share,said Tallha Abdulrazaq, anexpert and consultant onMiddle Eastern military andstrategic affairs. Several warswere fought between the Ot-toman Empire and ImperialRussia between the 16th and20th centuries, with the Ot-

tomans losing much territory, he said.“Such major historical events leave a

sense of trauma that amplifies feelings ofdanger. This was perhaps best exemplifiedwhen Turkey shot down an encroachingRussian Su-24 in October, 2015. Ankarathought NATOwould have its back againstits nuclear-armed neighbour and it hadstrategic interests in Syria, so was hopingNATO would come in on its side.”But “aside from lip service, the Turks

were told they’d be on their own in anyconflict with Russia.”Dr. Abdulrazaq said the incident led to a

humiliating climbdown for Mr. Erdogan,who apologized to the families of the de-

ceased pilots as part of Mr. Putin’s condi-tions for normalizing their relationship in2016.He said preventing warships from en-

tering the Turkish Straits will not changemuch, since Russia already has consider-able naval power in the Black Sea. It ismore symbolic, and the reasons are clear:“Erdogan doesn’t want to risk a repeat of2015, where Turkey is left hung out to drywith an extremely angry and powerfulneighbour to the north.”“Turkey is still verymuchapart ofNATO

and desires strong tieswith theWest. But itwon’t risk the Kremlin’s ire again withoutcast-iron guarantees that it will be sup-ported and shows of good faith from theWest in terms of Turkey’s national securityand strategic interests in Syria, as well asenergy politics in the EasternMediterrane-an.”If Russia does get angry over Turkey’s

support for Ukraine, it might show innorthern Syria. Soli Ozel, a lecturer at Ka-dir Has University in Istanbul, said Russiacould respond by striking Idlib, sendingrefugees fleeing again.“I do think that the response from Rus-

sia, if they want to really create trouble forTurkey, it would come from Syria,” he said.Mensur Akgun, a lecturer at Istanbul

Kultur University, said that while Russia isTurkey’s neighbour to the north, it is also aproblem in the south because of its sup-port for President Bashar al-Assad’s war inSyria.“So there are complex set of relations

with the Russians and they try to mediatebetween Ukraine and Russia and they tryto calm down the Russians. But obviouslythey are reluctant to go beyond the restric-tions of the Montreux Convention.”He too said there would be significant

consequences for Turkey and Europe ifRussia were to attack Idlib, where fourmil-lion people are squeezed into a small plotof land.The consequences of this war in Uk-

raine are “enormous” economically andpolitically for Turkey, he said.

Conflict tests balance of Turkey’s relationshipsPresident Erdogan’sdilemma involves supportinga country under attackwithout angering a powerfulneighbour that could retaliate

JANICE DICKSON ISTANBUL

Ukrainians living in Turkey protest Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in Ankara in February. On Tuesday, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoganurged Ukraine and Russia to stop fighting and said Ankara was not opposed to NATO expansion. CAGLA GURDOGAN/REUTERS

Many experts havesaid that if Russia

becomes irritated byTurkey’s support forUkraine, it could

retaliate by bombingIdlib in Syria, whichwould send moreSyrian refugeestoward Turkey’ssouthern border.

When Nataliia Haidash’s friend, anurse, told her she would be re-turning to help their native Uk-raine, Ms. Haidash knew therewas little use in arguing. She hadpleaded with her friend to sup-port their home country fromNew Brunswick, where they nowlive, but her friend had alreadymade up her mind.“She told us she wanted to be a

nurse in a Ukrainian hospital be-cause that’s where she’s neededmost now,” an emotionalMs.Hai-dash said in an interview onWednesday. “We tried to reasonwith her, we tried to tell her let’sdo something here, let’s not rush.Butwhen she decided, she did ev-erything in her power to get thetickets as fast as possible.”Ms. Haidash and others began

soliciting donations and, within24 hours, they had amassed near-ly 50 pounds of medical suppliesincluding gauze, tourniquets andemergency blankets, filling thenurse’s suitcases. Members of theUkrainian community donatedUkrainian hryvnia so she wouldnot have to worry about creditcards or currency conversion.One man gave her a bulletproofvest.On Monday, just 48 hours after

announcing her intentions, thenurse boarded a flight bound forPoland. By Wednesday, she hadreached southern Ukraine by bus

and connected with local volun-teers,Ms. Haidash said. TheGlobeand Mail has agreed not to namethe nurse because of concerns forher safety.The urgency of Ms. Haidash’s

friend comes as Ukraine’s healthcare system faces mounting pres-sure a week into Russia’s inva-sion. Humanitarian access is be-ing impeded, medical suppliesare running low and Ukraine’sMinistry of Health has issued anurgent plea for foreign healthcare workers to help.Undermartial law, theheads of

health care facilities can permitforeign doctors and nurses to as-sist, provided they have docu-mentation of their professionalqualifications.Some Canadians wanting to

get involvedaredoing so indirect-ly. After considering going to Uk-raine himself, Vish Vadlamani ofDelta, B.C., decided that it wouldbe more worthwhile to fund anyCanadian with combat or medi-cal experience looking to go, withairline credits from a trip that hehad cancelled because of CO-VID-19. Dozens of people havecontacted Mr. Vadlamani, whosaid Wednesday that his top pickwould likely be amedic from Cal-gary.“I figured that at least I could

do something frommy side, evenif it’s very little,” he said.Jeff Blackmer, executive vice-

president of global health andchief medical officer at the Cana-

dian Medical Association, saidhumanitarianism is deeply em-bedded in themedical professionand that he’s aware of physiciansdiscussing in Facebook groupsand other channels how best toassist efforts in Ukraine.However, he advised these

workers to first contact groupssuch as the Red Cross and Méde-cins sans frontières (MSF, or Doc-tors Without Borders) to deter-minewhat theneeds are andhowbest to help.“It’s not optimal circumstanc-

es to just parachute in folks whoare extremely well meaning,but might not have the skills inreally difficult, almost impossi-ble, circumstances for untrained

people,” he said.MSF has had teams in Ukraine

prior to the current conflict, pro-viding HIV care in Severodo-netsk, tuberculosis care in Zhyto-myr and improving health careaccess in Donetsk. These effortshave been suspended as the orga-nization dispatches teams to Po-land, Moldova, Hungary, Roma-nia andSlovakia in response to aninflux of Ukrainian refugees.Teams in Belarus and Russia arealso prepared to provide human-itarian assistance.Joe Belliveau, executive direc-

tor ofMSF Canada, said the grouphas been working through tele-medical systems in recent days totrain and support surgeons in an-

ticipation of a surge in injuredpeople. Supply chain issues are amajor concern, he said.“We’re already hearing from

our teams that there’s a shortageof, for example, insulin for dia-betes, anti-retrovirals for HIV/AIDS treatments,” Dr. Belliveausaid. The World Health Organiza-tion has also warned that themedical oxygen supply in Uk-raine is “nearing a very danger-ous point,” putting thousands oflives at risk.The humanitarian organiza-

tion Médecins du monde (Doc-tors of the World) has had mem-bers responding to the conflict inUkraine since 2015 and currentlyhas about 100 members on thegroundproviding health care andpsychological supports.NadjaPollaert, executivedirec-

tor of the organization’s Cana-dian chapter, said members weremoved to safe locations last weekand that the group is now assess-ing next steps.“What we know from our past

several years of experience is that… the pressure on the health caresystem will be huge because ofthe movement of population,”she said. “We are looking also toRomania and Poland because ofthe influx of refugees, whowill beputting a lot of pressure on theirnational health care systems aswell. Andwe expect, as usual, un-fortunately, in conflict zones, a lotof issues related to mentalhealth.”

Canadian medical, humanitarian organizations respond to crisis

ANDREA WOO

Patients take shelter in the basement of a perinatal centre in Kyiv afterhearing air-raid sirens on Wednesday. Ukraine’s health care system facesmounting pressure amid Russia’s invasion. VALENTYN OGIRENKO/REUTERS

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I A9NEWS |

Until aweekago, IrynaShybaand Paulina Li thought thebattle of their lives would

be the one to rid Ukraine of en-demic corruption. Today, as a realwar consumes their country, theyfind themselves making strangealliances as they shift their effortsto a massive humanitarian oper-ation that aims to bring food toKyiv and other besieged cities.Ms. Shyba and Ms. Li are just

two of a group of Ukraine’s youngreformers–manyof themjudicialspecialists who were working onrule-of-law projects funded bythe European Union – who arenow building a supply chain theyhope will stretch from the Polishborder to the cities on the frontline. It will deliver everythingfrom bulletproof vests and walk-ie-talkies to McDonald’s ham-burgers.They do so mostly out of a

senseof civic responsibility,want-ing to play a role in an impressivecountrywide effort to resist theweek-old Russian invasion. Butthey also do so knowing that peo-ple like them – young, Western-minded reformers who want tosee their country join the Europe-an Union – could be targetsshould Russian President Vladi-mir Putin succeed in his cam-paign to subjugate Ukraine.The activists work these days

out of what is normally a trendywine bar in the old city of Lviv. In-stead of live music and Europeanfood, the Vinoteca Praha nowproduces 3,000 lunch bags a day,each stuffed with a meat orcheese sandwich, aswell as an ap-ple. The local McDonald’s con-tributes another 3,000 ham-burgers a day to the effort.During the first few days of the

war, the volunteers were makingdeliveries to the long lines ofUkrainians stranded at the Polishborderwaiting to flee thecountry.Now, as those lines on the Ukrai-nian side have eased, they are de-livering meals to internally dis-placed persons from other partsof Ukraine who are now living inLviv, aswell as to the reservist sol-diers who guard checkpointsaround the city.Plans are being developed to

organize relief convoys that willbring food and other supplies tocivilians and soldiers in cities on

the front line in the days ahead.“We are not in need of food

here. Themost important thing isto redirect all our humanitarianaid to Kyiv and the east,” said Ms.Li, an expert on judicial reform atPravo Justice, a non-govern-mental organization funded bythe European Union.But while the activists say they

arenot suspending their efforts toclear out what they see as a cor-rupt old guard of judges in thecountry, they say the war effort isforging some surprising partner-ships.“A few days ago, I was doing re-

forms and fighting corruption inthe judiciary. Now, we have judg-eswhoweperceived tobe corrupthelping – calling and texting ac-tivists and saying they want to dosomething together, saying ‘let’smake a difference,’ ” saidMs. Shy-ba, the deputy head of the EUAnti-Corruption Initiative, an-other judicial reform NGO.“Yesterday, we had a very fa-

mous and infamous Ukrainianpolitician here giving a lot ofmoney to support us,” saidMs. Li,laughing as Ms. Shyba inadver-

tently let slip the name of a mil-lionaire former presidential can-didate. “He is providing a lot offood and he’s helping the army alot because I think they realizethat all their money that they re-ceived in maybe a corrupt waydoesn’t matter if there is noUkraine.”

The reformers say they are op-timistic they and their countrywill somehow prevail. They com-pare the situation inUkrainewithlate 2013 and early 2014, when thepro-Russian regime of Viktor Ya-nukovych was using violenceagainst pro-EU protesters who

had taken to the streets in Kyivand other cities. There were darkdays, they recall, before Ukraine’spro-Western revolution event-ually prevailed and Mr. Yanuko-vych was ousted.“I see a very similar mood of

people, gathering money, gather-ing food and so on. This is reallythe same as Maidan. Of course,the level of problems is muchhigher, and the number of peoplegetting killed is much higher,”said Victor Kylymar, an anti-cor-ruption expert with Ms. Shyba’sorganization, who took part inthe 2014 uprising.The personal risks for the re-

formers are also very real.In a televised speech days be-

fore the beginning of the inva-sion, during which Mr. Putin rec-ognized the independence of thesoutheastern Donbas region ofUkraine, the 69-year-old Russianleader laid out a long list of griev-ances with the West and Ukraine.In themiddleofhis complaints

about the eastward expansion ofthe NATO military alliance andthe supposedly “Nazi” govern-ment of President Volodymyr Ze-

lensky (who is Jewish), Mr. Putinlaunched into a surprisingly de-tailed diatribe about Ukraine’sfightagainst corruptionand its ef-forts at judicial reform.It’s a fight that has been sup-

ported by funding from Westerngovernments, including Cana-da’s, leadingMr. Putin to the con-clusion that “there is no inde-pendent judiciary in Ukraine” – acountry he described as “a colonywith a puppet regime.”Mr. Putin ragedabout a specific

point: “The Kyiv authorities, attheWest’s demand, delegated thepriority right to select membersof the supreme judicial bodies,the [High] Council of Justice andthe High Qualifications Commis-sionof Judges, to internationalor-ganizations,” he said. “Are theUk-rainian people aware that this ishow their country is managed?”Ms. Shyba believes the rant re-

vealed one of the reasons thatMr.Putin decided to attack Ukraine.“He’spissedoff thatUkraine isbe-coming a democratic state wherethere is rule of law, and whichcould show an example to Rus-sian citizens how it should be. It’snot only about NATO, it’s aboutUkraine making some progresson anti-corruption and judicialreform.”Oleksandr Sydielnikov is one

of thosewhomMr. Putin indirect-ly accuses of covertly taking overthe judiciary. In fact, what he andhis colleagueDenys Zboroshenkodo – as team leaders of the EthicsCouncil Secretariat – is vet judi-cial candidates for possible con-flicts of interest, or suggestions ofcorruption. The effort includedchecks such as whether the prop-erty and lifestyle of a would-bejudge correspondedwith their of-ficial income.“We were so happy that we

madePutin furious,”Mr. Sydielni-kov said with a laugh.But the 30-year-old – who was

born one month after Ukrainegained its independence fromtheSoviet Union – acknowledgedthat it was also deeply worrying.Mr. Sydielnikov said he and the

other reformers are staying tohelp their country as long as theycan. “Only in the worst-case sce-nario, only if we see the Russianarmy near Lviv, we probablyshould escape. Otherwise, wewillfight, and we will support our ar-my and our people because weare the first potential victims ofhis regime.”He said hiswife, SvetlanaMais-

triuk, a communications directorfor the National Agency on Cor-ruption Prevention who had pre-viously worked for USAID, theU.S. government’s internationaldevelopment arm, had alreadydecided itwasunsafe to remain inUkraine.“Now she’s in Poland, buying

[bulletproof] vests” for thevolunteers, Mr. Sydielnikov said.

Ukrainian activists risk becoming Putin’s targetsAnti-corruptionreformers shift theirefforts to humanitarianwork, aiming to providefood to Kyiv andother beseiged cities

MARK MacKINNONSENIOR INTERNATIONALCORRESPONDENTLVIV, UKRAINE

Above: OleksandrSydielnikov, left, andIryna Shyba take partin a co-ordinationmeeting Wednesdayin Lviv, Ukraine.

Right: Volunteers makelunch bags, for displacedpersons and reservistsoldiers, in what isnormally a trendywine bar in the city.PHOTOS BY ANTON SKYBA/THE GLOBE AND MAIL

Only in the worst-casescenario, only if wesee the Russian armynear Lviv, we probably

should escape.Otherwise, we will fight.

OLEKSANDR SYDIELNIKOVTEAM LEADER OF THE

ETHICS COUNCIL SECRETARIAT

In the northwest Berlin suburb ofReinickendorf, the sprawling,tree-studded grounds of a formerhospital have been transformedinto an arrival centre for hun-dreds of Ukrainian refugees whoare fleeing escalating attacks byRussia.On Tuesday, some of them car-

ried small bags or rolled suitcasesthat lolloped along the cobbledpavement. They walked past carswith Ukrainian licence plates andchildren laughingas theykickedasoccer ball among themselves.Redarrowson largewhite signs

point the way to the rectangularorange and yellow brick buildingwhere refugees first register withthe government.By Tuesday, about 800 people

had made their way through thegatesof thearrival centre.Activityis only expected to increase asmore Ukrainians flee theirhomes,or thosewhohavealreadyarrived in Poland – which isstarting to show the strain ofwelcoming nearly 400,000 refu-gees – make their way west intoGermany.The European Union is expect-

ed to grant those refugees theright to stay andwork inmemberstates for up to three years, after aproposal Wednesday to grant au-tomatic temporary protection.Irina Bondas, a member of the

Ukrainian diaspora who lives inBerlin, was pleasedwith news theEU is considering the emergencyproposal, though it worries her tothink about a protracted conflict.“I feel that most of the people

fleeing are not thinking aboutstaying here for long right now,”she told The Globe andMail.Pointing to other conflicts,

such as wars in the former Yugos-lavia, she said, “People back thenalso thought it would last only acouple of weeks. So now it is im-possible to think in longer terms.”The proposal in front of the EU

comes on the heels of various Eu-ropean governments pledginghelp to resettle displaced Ukrai-nians. Italy, for example, has allo-cated €10-million ($14-million)for refugeecentres andpledged toincrease their capacity by up to16,000 places.Estonia has lifted all visa re-

quirements forUkrainians,ensur-ing that peoplewith expiring per-mits can stay and removing bar-riers for those who wish to go tothe northern Baltic country. Thevisa exemption is indefinite, ac-cording to Estonian Police andBorderGuardspokespersonIlmarKahro, and the federal govern-ment is also considering changesto make it easier for newly arriv-ing Ukrainians to work whilethey’re in the country.While Estonia doesn’t have

controls along its borderwithLat-via, police have set up check-points to trackthenumbersofUk-rainians coming to the countryandshare information.About200have crossed into Estonia sincethecheckpointswereestablished,Mr.Kahro said.More are expectedas the crisis escalates.The Estonian Refugee Council

is also co-ordinating evacuationbuses forpeopleatUkrainianbor-dercrossingswithPolandandSlo-vakia. As ofWednesday the grouphadfivebusesenrouteorabout tostart their multiday trips.Inpast refugeecrises,displaced

people have tended to stay closeto their home country, accordingto the United Nations refugeeagency UNHCR.The agency expects that trend

willholdtrue.SodoestheGermangovernment, according to Minis-try of the Interior and Communi-ty spokesperson Sascha Lawrenz.About875,000peoplehavefled

UkrainesinceFeb.24,accordingtodata compiled by UNHCR. About5,300 of them have entered Ger-many, the country’s federal gov-ernment saidWednesday.Thevolatilesituation“doesnot

allow any reasonable planning interms of numbers,” Mr. Lawrenzsaid, but he added that “Germanyhas thecompetenceandmeans todeal with all realistic scenarios.”That competence stems from

past experience. Former GermanchancellorAngelaMerkel openedGermany’s borders to more thanone million refugees in 2015 and2016, many of them fleeing theSyrian civil war at a time whenotherEUcountriesweren’tsowill-ing to put up their hands.Most of the Ukrainians who

have arrived at the Reinickendorfcentre so far were already in Ger-

many visiting friends and family,and left stranded when Russia in-vaded their homeland.Sascha Langenbach, spokes-

person for the Berlin State Officefor Refugee Affairs, which runsthe centre, has no idea howmanyrefugees will make their way toGermany.“Nobody can tell at the mo-

ment,” he told The Globe as fam-ilies filedby to speakwithofficialsinside one of the buildings.“We do have information from

the border from Poland to Uk-raine – also from Romania andMoldova in the south – that thereare thousands of them coming,especially women and children.The men return and go back tofight in the war.”His team is expanding capacity

as quickly as possible, but he saidthe primary focus is securingenoughbeds, food, socialworkersand psychologists to help people“who have basically lost every-thing.”

Refugees who register at theReinickendorf arrival centre aregiventemporaryaccommodationin one of the 85 houses run by thegovernment,whichtogetherhavecapacity for 1,300people. ByTues-day, Mr. Langenbach’s office wasin the midst of adding space for1,200more.Berlin Mayor Franziska Giffey

told The Globe in an e-mail thatthe city is expecting up to 20,000refugees. She said additional ar-rival centres will open soon.As Ukrainians flee worsening

attacks by Russia, the non-profitarm of online accommodationhosting giant Airbnb has startedreaching out to hosts in nearbycountries, asking them to takepart in a mammoth housing ef-fort. Airbnb.org says it is workingclosely with non-governmentalorganizations and other partnersto support larger resettlement ef-forts and offer free, short-termhousing to up to 100,000 Ukrai-nian refugees.JenniferBond, amemberof the

Airbnb.org board, told The Globein an interview that the founda-tion is initially reaching out tohosts in Poland, Hungary, Roma-nia andGermany, but she expectsthat effort to broaden in the com-ing days andweeks.“There will be an immediate,

urgent need in those countriesimmediately surrounding Uk-raine, but really this is a global cri-sis,”Ms.Bondsaid. “AsUkrainiansstart to move into new destina-tions, our response will be activa-ted in other countries as well.”The effort builds on a similar

program Airbnb.org rolled out tohelp house 20,000 refugees whorecently fled Afghanistan.

With reports fromMarieke Walshin Estonia and Reuters

Germany prepares for influx of refugees fleeing invasion

EMMA GRANEY BERLIN

A woman is comforted by a friend after arriving from theUkrainian border at Berlin’s main train station on Wednesday.TOBIAS SCHWARZ/AFP VIA GETTY IMAGES

A10 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I A11

PHOTOS FROM THE FRONT LINES

Scores of people waitto board an evacuationtrain to Lviv at Kyiv’scentral train stationon Wednesday.GLEB GARANICH/REUTERS

Left: Members ofUkraine’s TerritorialDefence Forces prepareto deploy to various partsof Kyiv Wednesday,as Russia continued itsadvance on the Ukrainiancapital for the seventhday. CHRIS MCGRATH/GETTY IMAGES

Below: Firefighterswork to contain ablaze at the economicsdepartment building ofKarazin Kharkiv NationalUniversity after itwas allegedly struckduring recent shellingby Russia. SERGEY BOBOK/AFP VIA GETTY IMAGES

A man walks throughthe wreckage ofdestroyed militaryvehicles in the streetsof Bucha, Ukraine,on Tuesday. SERHIINUZHNENKO/REUTERS

Newborn baby boy Ivan cries next to his mother as they take shelter in the basement of a perinatal centrewhile air-raid sirens ring out in Kyiv Wednesday. VALENTYN OGIRENKO/REUTERS

Sergyi Badylevych, 41, holds his wife, Natalia, and child in an underground Kyiv metro station being usedas a bomb shelter. ARIS MESSINIS/STF/AFP VIA GETTY IMAGES

WAR IN UKRAINE NEWS |

A10 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I A11

PHOTOS FROM THE FRONT LINES

Scores of people waitto board an evacuationtrain to Lviv at Kyiv’scentral train stationon Wednesday.GLEB GARANICH/REUTERS

Left: Members ofUkraine’s TerritorialDefence Forces prepareto deploy to various partsof Kyiv Wednesday,as Russia continued itsadvance on the Ukrainiancapital for the seventhday. CHRIS MCGRATH/GETTY IMAGES

Below: Firefighterswork to contain ablaze at the economicsdepartment building ofKarazin Kharkiv NationalUniversity after itwas allegedly struckduring recent shellingby Russia. SERGEY BOBOK/AFP VIA GETTY IMAGES

A man walks throughthe wreckage ofdestroyed militaryvehicles in the streetsof Bucha, Ukraine,on Tuesday. SERHIINUZHNENKO/REUTERS

Newborn baby boy Ivan cries next to his mother as they take shelter in the basement of a perinatal centrewhile air-raid sirens ring out in Kyiv Wednesday. VALENTYN OGIRENKO/REUTERS

Sergyi Badylevych, 41, holds his wife, Natalia, and child in an underground Kyiv metro station being usedas a bomb shelter. ARIS MESSINIS/STF/AFP VIA GETTY IMAGES

WAR IN UKRAINE NEWS |

A12 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022| NEWS

Ms. Kallas and leaders in otherBaltic states who were occupiedby the Soviet Union have longwarned that Russia was increas-ingly emboldened by a lack ofconsequences for the red lines italready crossed.For example, in 2007 Estonia

sustained 22 days of cyberattackson its government websites,banks and news outlets, whichwere linked to the Kremlin.Then came the 2008 invasion

of Georgia, she said, and the an-nexation of Crimea in 2014.Other Western leaders played

down the warnings and now Es-tonia finds itself on the border ofa country again waging war.“What Russia learned from

this is that they can take piecesand then you know, they have al-ready gained and nothing reallyserious happens to them. So,they gain more confidence,” shesaid.In 2014, as amember of the Eu-

ropean Parliament, she said sheheard EU politicians dismiss theincursion into Crimea as an “in-ternal conflict,” despite Crimeabeing part of a sovereignUkraine.On Feb. 24 – Estonia’s Inde-

pendence Day – she said shewoke up to a “very, very baddream” come to life: the Russianinvasion of Ukraine.She said just days before the

attacks began, some Europeanofficials at the Munich SecurityConference still did not believeMr. Putin would launch a full-scale war.“Wewere right all the time. But

it doesn’t really help right nowdoes it?” Ms. Kallas said duringan interview in the building thatholds the Prime Minister’s Officein Tallinn’s picturesque old town.The 44-year-old Prime Minis-

ter has held her post since Janu-ary, 2021. She said it’s been “onecrisis after the other” with ever-higher stakes.The small country of 1.3 mil-

lion people first declared inde-pendence from Russia in 1918.But during the Second WorldWar, it was invaded by the Sovi-ets, then the Nazis, and thenagain the Soviets.It became independent again

three decades ago, and despitethe long occupation, it still tracesits founding to 1918.Today, Estonians bristle when

they hear their country describedas a former Soviet state.“We have been more inde-

pendent in our history than wehave been occupied,” Ms. Kallassaid.Still, Estonia’s past is marred

by decades of Soviet atrocities.Ms. Kallas said her family, like

every other in Estonia, has a storyof the abuse exacted by the Rus-sian regime. In her case, her ma-ternal familywas deported to Sib-eria, where, at the age of just sixmonths, her mother survived thethree-week trip by cattle wagonto get there.More than 30 years after the

Soviet Union’s dissolution, Esto-nia has never had the privilege ofignoring the threats from Russia.“We don’t have the naiveté to-

wards Russia, whereas the West-ern countries sometimes do.And, well, it is because they comefrom a totally different back-ground,” Ms. Kallas said.But something is different this

time in the West’s response.Through the G7, NATO and theEuropean Union, countries havejointly hit Russia with escalatingwaves of sanctions over the pastweek and sent arms, but nottroops, to Ukraine.Also different is the response

from Ukrainians, who havemounted a fierce resistance tothe barrage of bombings from amilitary that outnumbers them.Women are making Molotovcocktails, individual Ukrainiansare going toe to toewith troops inthe streets, and the defiance from

13 Ukrainian soldiers on an isolat-ed island became a rallying cryfor the country.Still, the death toll ismounting

in theweek-longwar andMs. Kal-las and NATO Secretary-GeneralJens Stoltenberg have warnedthat worse is still to come. Russiastands accused of indiscriminatebombing in civilian areas.On Tuesday, Canada’s Foreign

Affairs Minister Mélanie Joly re-ferred Russia to the InternationalCriminal Court “as a result of nu-merous allegations of the com-mission of serious internationalcrimes in Ukraine by Russianforces, including war crimes andcrimes against humanity.”The road to Ukraine prevailing

is unclear, Ms. Kallas acknowl-edged. It’s a difficult questionthat she said she also discussedwith British Prime Minister BorisJohnson when he visited Estoniaon Tuesday: If Russia has painteditself into a corner, how does itget out?“I don’t have a good answer for

this,” she said.The threat of more cyberat-

tacks and Russia’s control over asmall share of Estonia’s gas sup-ply are where Ms. Kallas said shesees the most likely potential for

aggression from Russia.“The more connected we are,

the more vulnerable we are,” shesaid.But she added that Estonia has

diversified its energy supply andhas gone through months ofplanning to prepare for anypotential cyberattack on itsworld-renowned digitized gov-ernment.Despite Mr. Putin’s military

superiority, Ms. Kallas said Mr.Putin will never get the supportor acquiescence of Ukrainiansthat he needs to successfully re-place its government. She be-lieves two elements are in Uk-raine’s favour: its citizens’ moti-vation to defend their countryand its sheer size.“You can conquer some cities,

but to keep those cities is much,much harder. So, there’s going tobe resistance,” she said. “Andeven if Ukrainians submit tosome kind of peace treaty, itwouldn’t be voluntarily. I mean,it would be because the gun ispointed at their head.”But she worries this will lead

to a “continuous and longconflict” because Russia won’t“have the support of the publicand the resistance goes on.”

Estonia: Small Baltic country’s past is marred by decades of Soviet atrocitiesFROM A1

Kaja Kallas, seen duringan interview withThe Globe and Mail inTallinn on Wednesday,says it has been ‘onecrisis after the other’since she becamePrime Ministerin January, 2021.HENDRIK OSULA/THE GLOBE AND MAIL

We don’t havethe naiveté towardsRussia, whereas theWestern countriessometimes do. And,well, it is becausethey come froma totally differentbackground.

KAJA KALLASPRIME MINISTER OF ESTONIA

“Financial market volatility hasincreased. The situation remainsfluid,” the bank added.U.S. Federal Reserve chair Je-

rome Powell made similar com-ments on Wednesday before theHouse financial services commit-tee, indicating he would back a0.25-percentage-point rate hikeby the Fed later this month, de-spite uncertainty about the im-pact of the war in Ukraine.The Bank of Canada’s decision

to start tightening monetary pol-icy comes in response to thehigh-est inflation in decades, whichhas eroded the purchasing powerof the Canadian dollar and chal-lenged the central bank’s credi-bility as an inflation fighter. It hasalso become clear in recentmonths that theCanadian econo-my has largely rebounded fromthe pandemic-induced recessionand no longer needs emergencymonetary policy support.The rate of inflationhit a three-

decade high of 5.1 per cent in Ja-nuary, and consumer price indexgrowth has exceeded the centralbank’s target rangeof 1 per cent to3 per cent since April of last year.In January, the Bank of Canada

predicted the rate of inflationwould remain close to 5 per centuntil the middle of the year, thendecline to nearly 3 per cent byyear-end.It warned onWednesday, how-

ever, that price increases havebecome pervasive, and inflation“is now expected to be higher inthe near term than projected inJanuary.”Countries around the world

have struggled with high infla-tionover thepast year, as thepan-demic disrupted global supplychains and changed consump-tion patterns, leaving centralbankers scrambling to under-standwhatwas happening and toadjust their monetary policylevers. The Ukraine conflict addsto both inflationary pressuresand economic confusion.

Russia is one of the world’slargest oil and gas producers, andboth Russia and Ukraine are ma-jor grain exporters. Disruptionsresulting from sanctions, coun-tersanctions and the militaryconflict itself have alreadypushed up global commodityprices. West Texas Intermediatecrude oil hit US$112 a barrel onWednesday for the first time since2011.Higher energy prices tend to

benefit the Canadian economy.But they also hit Canadians at thegas pump and feed into produc-tion and transportation costs,pushing up consumer prices at amoment when the Bank of Cana-da is alreadyworried about losingcontrol of the inflation narrative.“Persistently elevated inflation

is increasing the risk that longer-run inflation expectations coulddrift upwards,” the bank warned.Central bankers pay especiallyclose attention to people’s expec-tations regarding inflation, as be-liefs about the direction of infla-tion affect where prices actuallyend up.“Central banks would normal-

ly look through geopolitically dri-ven commodity price pressures,but with inflation already so far

above target, the BoChas said it ismore concerned about upsiderisks to inflation than downside,”Josh Nye, senior economist at theRoyal Bank of Canada, wrote in anote to clients.TheWednesday rate hike is the

first in what analysts expect willbe a quick succession of increasesin the coming quarters that couldbring borrowing costs back toprepandemic levels next year.Avery Shenfeld, chief econo-

mist at the Canadian ImperialBank of Commerce, said in a noteto clients that the central bank’soutlook for higher inflationmeans it will likely increase ratesmore quickly than previously ex-pected.“Odds are that the bank will

deliver the remaining three quar-ter-point hikes we had allocatedfor 2022 over the next three rate-setting dates, rather than spreadout through the year,” he said.“We expect it to thenpause at a

1.25per centovernight rate to takestock of the direction for growthand inflation … before resumingrate hikes in 2023.”How high interest rates ulti-

mately go in this cycle dependson a range of variables, from thestability of the housingmarket to

how quickly Canadian consum-ers spendextra savings they accu-mulated during the pandemic. Fi-nancial instruments that trackmarket interest rate expectationspoint to six more rate hikes overthe next year, bringing the policyrate back to its prepandemic levelof 1.75 per cent.Canadian homeowners will

likely experience these movesmost directly through theirmort-gages. Variable rate mortgagesmove in lock-step with the cen-tral bank’s policy rate. Thatmeans people who have variablerate mortgages will see theirmonthly payments rise or moreof their payments go to servicinginterest rather than paying downthe principal.People with fixed-rate mort-

gages – the majority of home-owners in Canada – could seemonthly costs go up when theyrenew their mortgage agree-ments.The rising cost of borrowing

could begin to cool Canada’soverheated housingmarket. Overthe past two years, the price of ahome in Canada has jumped by43percent,with record-lowmort-gage rates fuelling demand andallowing home buyers to take outever-larger loans. The bank notedonWednesday that activity in thehousing market remains elevat-ed, “adding further pressure tohouse prices.”The rate decision comes al-

most exactly two years after theBank of Canada made the first ofseveral emergency cuts that rap-idlybrought thepolicy rate to0.25per cent from 1.75 per cent in re-sponse to the first wave of CO-VID-19. The bank also launchedan unprecedented interventioninto financial markets in March,2020, pumping hundreds of bil-lions of dollars into the systemand quadrupling the size of itsbalance sheet in a matter ofmonths.The emergency measures in-

volved buying huge amounts offederal government bonds as part

ofCanada’s first-everquantitativeeasing (QE) program, aimed atholding down interest rates onlonger-term bonds and reducingborrowing costs across the econ-omy. It also involved forwardguidance: a promise not to raiseinterest rates until slack in theeconomy had been absorbed.The bank slowly wound down

these emergency measures overthe past two years, ending the QEprograminOctoberanddroppingits forward guidance in January.Its decision to keep its policy ratenear zero, however, looked in-creasingly inappropriate in lightof blistering growth in consumerprices and a rebound in both eco-nomic output and employment.The Canadian economy is per-

formingbetter thanexpected, thebank said in its rate announce-ment.GDPgrew6.7per centonanannualized basis in the fourthquarter of 2021, Statistics Canadareported on Tuesday. Preliminarydata also show the economy keptgrowing in Januarydespitehealthrestrictions related to the Omi-cron variant.“The rebound from Omicron

now appears to be well in train:household spending is provingresilient and should strengthenfurther with the lifting of public-health restrictions,” the banksaid.Since October, the bank has

been inwhat it calls the “reinvest-ment phase,” in which it is main-taining the size of its balancesheet, but no longer increasing itsholdings of federal governmentbonds. Policy makers have saidthey will consider allowing thebalance sheet to shrink by lettingthe bonds mature – a processcalled quantitative tightening(QT) – after the first rate hike.“The timing and pace of fur-

ther increases in the policy rateand the start of QT, will be guidedby the bank’s ongoing assess-ment of the economy and itscommitment to achieving the 2per cent inflation target,” thebank said.

BoC: Inflation will be likely higher in near term than projected in January, bank saysFROM A1

The Bank of Canada’s rate hike on Wednesday is the first in whatanalysts expect will be a quick succession of increases in thecoming quarters. SEAN KILPATRICK/THE CANADIAN PRESS

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A14 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022

EDITORIALPHILLIP CRAWLEYPUBLISHER AND CEO

DAVID WALMSLEYEDITOR-IN-CHIEF

After two years of waiting, public hearings into Cana-

da’s worst massmurder are finally under way in Ha-

lifax. This week, the commission holding the hear-

ings released evidence about one of the most controversial

aspects of the tragedy: that the RCMPwaited 12 hours before

sharingwith the public that the killer was disguised as one of

their own.

It has long been known that the province’s 911 dispatch

system, and some RCMP officers themselves, were told early

on bywitnesses that the shooter, GabrielWortman, was driv-

ing what appeared to be a white RCMP cruiser. But a report

prepared for theMassCasualtyCommissionon thekillings in

April, 2020, in Portapique, N.S., fills in the terrible details.

A terrified woman whose husband was the first person

Wortman killed, and who herself would moments later be

murdered while on the phone with a 911 operator, said that

there was a car in her driveway and that it was “decked and

labelled RCMP… [inaudible] … but it’s not a police officer.”

A local man, whowas driving with his wife through Porta-

pique, passed what he believed was an RCMP officer in his

cruiser, only to have the man pull up beside their car and

open fire. The couple sped away and happened upon real

RCMP officers responding to the shootings.

The wife of the driver told officers the shooter’s car ap-

peared to be an RCMP police cruiser. Her husband, who was

wounded, told police the same thing at 5 a.m. the nextmorn-

ing, after he was released from hospital.

This was vital information. Wortman, enraged after a fight

with his partner, killed 13 people in and around the remote

Portapique area between 10 p.m. and 10:40 p.m. on April 18,

2020, and then disappeared into the night.

The next day, Wortman killed three people in a home

about 60 kilometres from Portapique. He killed two more

people after pulling them over on a highway. He also shot a

woman walking along a road.

After those killings, at 10:17 a.m., the RCMP finally posted

on Twitter that the gunmanmight be driving a replica RCMP

cruiser and wearing an RCMP uniform.

Still in his fake Mountie car, Wortman went on to shoot

and wound a real RCMP officer. He then collided with the

vehicle of a secondMountie and shot her dead. He also killed

a man who pulled over to see if he could help out with what

he may have thought was an accident involving two RCMP

vehicles. Wortman drove off in the man’s car.

By the timeanRCMP tactical teamshotWortmandead in a

chance encounter at a gas station 100 kilometres south of

Portapique, he had killed 22 people.

The RCMP has never explained why it didn’t publicize the

information aboutWortman’s disguise for 12 hours after first

hearing of its possibility, and for almost three hours after

Wortman’s partner –who’d been beaten and tied upbyWort-

man but escaped and hid in the woods until the morning –

confirmed to the RCMP that he was driving a vehicle “that

looks identical to your police cars.”

Was it a failure of communication? An error made in the

fog of a fast-moving murder rampage? A policing decision?

All three?

The inquiry’s role is tomake recommendations that could

prevent similar tragedies. But most of the matters it is look-

ing into under itsmandate are related to policing. Inmuch of

the country, including Nova Scotia, the RCMP are effectively

the provincial police force.

On Tuesday, another commission report showed just how

confusing the situation was for the first Mounties who

arrived in Portapique.

They were being told an RCMP vehicle was already on site,

but couldn’t understand why. They also quickly realized the

shooter was going after multiple victims, after running into

the couple Wortman had shot at in their car.

Theyworried theirmarkedcarswouldmake thema target,

and decided to abandon them for their own safety and pro-

ceed on foot – while Wortman was still killing people in

Portapique.

And by 10:30 p.m. onApril 18, they knewWortman’s name

and that he was driving a fake RCMP car.

Itwas a confusing and intense time, far beyond thenormal

experience of Mounties who police rural areas. But it has left

the familiesof thevictimsaskingquestionsabout theRCMP’s

decisions during the killer’s extended rampage. The inquiry

is not a trial, but the RCMP is going to feel like it’s in the dock.

The searchfor answersin Nova Scotia

CANADIAN SUPPORT

Re Ukrainian-Canadians Head ToUkraine To Join Fight AgainstRussia (March 2): If there wasany lingering doubt about the re-solve and commitment to main-taining the freedom of Ukrai-nians, look no further than Ya-roslav Hrytsiuk, the 18-year-oldhigh-school student from Toron-to running toward the fight.I don’t know if there is a secu-

lar equivalent to godspeed, but Ihope the next headline aboutMr. Hrytsiuk is about reunitingwith his mother and a safe re-turn back to his new home inCanada.Mark Spurr Toronto

Re Sajjan Calls On Russia To En-sure Humanitarian Access(March 2): Would it be too muchto ask our leaders to stop declar-ing that we stand “shoulder toshoulder” with Ukrainians, whenit is closer to reality to say thatwe are standing behind them?Several paces behind, in fact.Chris Marston Toronto

WHAT NEXT?

Re Will Putin’s War Threaten HisPresidency? (March 1): VariousPutin watchers have commentedon his cold rationality andemerging persecution complex,and made historical compari-sons to signs of dissention withinJoseph Stalin’s Politburo in re-sponse to his increasingly para-noid behaviour.As British writer C.P. Snow

wryly observed in his biograph-ical sketch of Stalin, he“wouldn’t be the first or onlyperson with persecution-maniato have something to feel perse-cuted about.” But “unlike mostparanoiacs, he could act his de-lusions out.”Whether Mr. Putin’s paranoia

triggers his demise remains to beseen (some believe Stalin waspoisoned).But with the implied threat of

nuclear war, I wouldn’t be thefirst to suggest that supremepower entails supreme dangerfor all concerned.Denis Gertler Toronto

Re Brace For Economic CollateralDamage, Freeland Tells Cana-dians (March 2): Our govern-ments are still not doing enoughto choke off Russian businessand finance. Citizens shouldtherefore take action.Any person, company, institu-

tion or organization with an in-vestment fund should immedi-ately screen Russian companiesout of their portfolios, as well ascompanies doing substantialbusiness in Russia.Let’s also avoid onlinemarket-

places where Russian retailerscan still sell or ship products.The struggle for Ukraine is

starting to demonstrate the pow-

er of global civil society and thesolidarity of citizens who won’tstand for invasion and horror.Tom Urbaniak

Professor of political science,Cape Breton University;Sydney, N.S.

I urge Chrystia Freeland to con-tinue to tighten the screws onRussia by expelling Russian dip-lomats. Be strong.John Callum Toronto

Re Pressure Builds (Letters,March 2): A letter-writer statesthat the second half of eliminat-ing Russian propaganda fromCanada would be for broadcast-ers to drop Fox News.He is welcome to my home at

any time to review, select andburn the books that I should notbe reading; to audit my creditcard statements and cancel thesubscriptions that I should notbe receiving; to contact my tele-vision provider to delete thechannels that I should not bewatching.John Budreski Vancouver

VACCINES AND PROTESTS

Re The ‘Anti-vax’ Label Is A Prob-lem, And It Needs To Be Retired(Opinion, Feb. 26): Societycomes with a certain amount offaith in the abilities of fellowmembers.None of us has the time to

study construction methods be-fore we call a plumber, or nervepathways before we call the den-tist.We freely put our faith in

them to do the right thing.Why should this be any differ-

ent with virology and COVID-19?Why do anti-vaccine people nottrust their fellow man?They have no background in

science and all the wonderfulthings a scientist learns beforebecoming a doctor.At the end of the day, laypeo-

ple should trust that someonehas done the heavy lifting andluxuriate in a society that allowsthis privilege.So what are we to call some-

one who refuses to have faith intheir fellow man, who lives out-side the common beliefs of so-ciety?A heretic.Robert Graham Kingston

Re We Need To Reassess OurEmergency Powers (Report onBusiness, Feb. 25): I agree that weneed strengthened legal regimesand enforcement capabilities todeal with disruptive protests.Municipal police forces and ex-isting laws, short of the Emer-gencies Act, have plainly notbeen able to cope.I am sorry, however, that this

argument was based primarilyon the importance of our relia-bility as a trading partner. As anOttawa resident, what matters to

me above all is protecting thefreedom of my city from protes-ters who would take it away inthe name of whatever cause theyespouse.Our right to live in peace

should be first, please, then theeconomy.Jim Paulin Ottawa

CONSERVATIVES AND LIBERALS

Re Wanted: A Real ConservativeClimate Plan (Editorial, Feb. 26):I find current government cli-mate policy illogical and harm-ful, yet The Globe and Mail’s edi-torial proposes that the Conser-vatives adopt some form of Lib-eral-lite policy to curb emissionswith more taxes and targets.Fossil fuels, and coal in partic-

ular, still deliver reliable energyat low prices. There is a directcorrelation between energy con-sumption and standard of living,and other countries want ourstandard.Until a cheaper reliable source

is found, much of the world willcontinue expanding use of fossilfuels.Any carbon we reduce will be

swamped by others such as Chi-na.The Conservative position

should be logical: Support devel-opment of cheaper energy sourc-es, such as nuclear and renew-ables, and carbon capture andstorage – and convince the worldto get off fossil fuels.Paul Gagnon Calgary

Re Canada’s Future ElectionsRisk Mirroring The Culture-warRhetoric Of The U.S. (Feb. 28):Advocating for Justin Trudeau tostay on as Liberal Leader (be-cause there is no suitable re-placement who possesses his pu-tative gifts – “impossible” toimagine) seems to expose whatis ailing the party: The leader isthe party and the party is theleader.When a party’s hopes are vest-

ed almost entirely in its leader, akind of stasis can set in. This wasevident to me in the last elec-tion, when the Liberals barelyimproved their fortunes after be-lieving they could win a major-ity.In 2016, U.S. Democrats tried

to “reinvent” Hillary Clinton tono avail at the ballot box. Thesame pitfall could happen to theLiberals despite any tweaks toMr. Trudeau.The thirst for change can de-

termine the outcome of an elec-tion more than anything else.James Phillips Toronto

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

The subject who is truly loyal to the chief magistrate will neither advise nor submit to arbitrary measures - Junius

Letters to the Editor should beexclusive to The Globe and Mail.Include name, address and daytimephone number. Keep letters under150 words. Letters may be edited forlength and clarity. E-mail:letters@globeandmail.com

SINCLAIR STEWARTDEPUTY EDITOR

CHRISTINE BROUSSEAUASSISTANT MANAGING EDITOR, NEWS

ANGELA PACIENZAEXECUTIVE EDITOR

GARY SALEWICZEDITOR, REPORT ON BUSINESS

DENNIS CHOQUETTEMANAGING EDITOR, ROB AND INVESTIGATIONS

TONY KELLEREDITORIAL PAGE EDITOR

NATASHA HASSANOPINION EDITOR

MATT FREHNERHEAD OF VISUALS

SYLVIA STEADPUBLIC EDITOR

SANDRA E. MARTINHEAD OF NEWSROOM DEVELOPMENT

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I A15

OPINION

NEWS |

Without a single foreignsoldier on their soil,Russians are under fire –

lining up for cash at ATMs, see-ing the ruble massively devaluedand watching powerlessly as thefragile Russian stock market re-fuses to open for fear of collapse.U.S. President Joe Biden openedhis State of the Union addressthis week pledging sanctions tar-geting Russia’s kleptocratic rul-ing class, saying the U.S. will“seize your yachts, your luxuryapartments, your private jets. We

are coming for your ill-begottengains.” In Vladimir Putin’s war ofbullets and bluster, it is money,not missiles, that may prove tobe his undoing.Part of Mr. Putin’s motivation

for this war, formed in “consulta-tion” with yes-men seated at thefar end of absurdly long tables,was to hold off anti-corruptionand pro-transparency effortsthat have taken hold in the Westand are creeping eastward. Daysbefore invading, Mr. Putin gave arambling hour-long speech tojustify his war, railing against theUkrainian High Anti-CorruptionCourt, the National Agency onCorruption Prevention andNGOs that sought to clean upUkraine’s state-owned enterpris-es.Here in Monaco, where we

have been filming a documen-tary about global corruption, theeffect of the Russian kleptocracyis palpable. Menus are offered inRussian for the wealthy who va-cation here, and those who es-tablish businesses in the havento hide their wealth. The recentPandora Papers exposé revealedthat Mr. Putin’s alleged mistressmysteriously bought a multimil-lion-dollar home in the Mediter-ranean principality, and used aMonaco financial services firmthat also worked for one of

Mr. Putin’s billionaire friends.Our driver said he fears the newsanctions against Russia will dryup his business, since wealthyRussians are his best clients.Mr. Putin’s grip on power may

look absolute, but he depends onthe coterie of thieving billio-naires that he allows to dip intothe state’s resources. Lose theirfealty and he is finished. Withthe invasion of Ukraine, he mayhave overplayed his hand.He underestimated the speed

and severity of sanctions that aco-ordinated financial systemcould impose. Even traditionallyneutral countries such as Swit-zerland have joined the Europe-an Union, Canada, the UnitedStates, Japan, Taiwan and NewZealand in their plans to blockRussian banks from the SWIFTinternational network. Key Rus-sian imports and exports havebeen halted. Russian assets ofPutin allies have been frozen.Airspace has been closed to Rus-sian aircraft worldwide. Travelbans targeting Russian airlineshave trapped travellers in thecountry. Western companies andinvestors are exiting the Russianeconomy. Switzerland has takenthe unprecedented step of freez-ing the “secret” bank accounts ofRussia’s oligarchs. In direct re-sponse to the invasion, the U.K.

is introducing legislation to re-quire foreign owners of propertyto reveal their identity. This stephas been promoted by anti-cor-ruption activists for years, butwas finally triggered by Mr. Pu-tin’s own folly.While strongmen such as Mr.

Putin have continued amassingwealth by taking advantage oflax corruption enforcement, theground has quietly been shiftingunder their feet. New laws in sev-eral countries that prohibitanonymous shell companies willconstrain the ability of oligarchsto park their wealth overseas. In-creased scrutiny of “golden pass-ports,” which allow the wealthyto buy citizenship or visas, willmake it harder for Russian bil-lionaires to move their mistress-es into London mansions ortheir children into Swiss board-ing schools. Pressure is mount-ing to rein in bank secrecy. In re-sponse to a changing world, Mr.Putin clearly felt cornered.Only days into the war, Mr. Pu-

tin’s billionaires have begun topublicly revolt, one going so faras to predict that the war wouldbe “catastrophic” for Russia. Or-dinary citizens are protestingtoo, risking arrest to speak outagainst the invasion.It would be a major error to

suggest that Mr. Putin is weak,

but he does have a weakness. Mr.Putin needs the support of theRussian oligarchs, and their sup-port depends on access to theircash. Unfortunately for Mr. Putin,most of that cash is parked over-seas, deliberately taken out ofRussia and invested in placessuch as London, Paris and NewYork. Some estimates indicatethat 85 per cent of Russia’s na-tional income may be stashedoverseas. All the West has to do isscoop up those mansions, seizethose overseas bank accountsand lock down visas and foreigntravel by Russia’s elite.Do that, and Mr. Putin will

find himself utterly alone athome and abroad.As Russian forces continue to

march through Ukraine, they’vesurrounded the ancient city ofKharkiv, known as the Kharkivfortress, and prepared for a clas-sic military manoeuvre of the14th-century: the siege. Buttimes and tactics have changed,and Mr. Putin and his croniesfind themselves under economicsiege. Huddled behind the isolat-ed walls of their national borderand cut off from the previouslyfriendly fields of the global finan-cial system, Russia’s economywill be strangled – a move thatmay force Mr. Putin to withdrawin a way no bombs ever could.

Money, not missiles, will be Putin’s undoingThe Russian leader’sgrip on power maylook absolute, but hedepends on his coterieof thieving billionaires

ALEXANDRA WRAGEPETER KLEIN MONACO

OPINION

Alexandra Wrage is the founder andpresident of TRACE, an anti-briberybusiness association.

Peter Klein is founder and executivedirector of the Global ReportingCentre.

Deputy Prime MinisterChrystia Freelandhasartic-ulated Canada’s response

to Russia’s invasion of Ukrainewith the resolve and assurednessof someone who looks like shehas been preparing for thismoment for a very long time.It is no act. No one in the Cana-

dian political class has studiedRussia, or its now pariah presi-dent,morethanMs.Freeland.Asastudent of Russian history at Har-vard and exchange student in Ky-iv in the1980s.As theMoscowcor-respondent for the FinancialTimes in the 1990s. Or, since 2015,inhersuccessive rolesasCanada’sminister of international trade,foreign affairs and finance.“There are moments in his-

tory,” Ms. Freeland said on Mon-day, “when the great struggle be-tween freedom and tyrannycomes down to one fight, in oneplace, which is waged for all hu-manity.”Her five-minute speech over-

shadowed that of her boss, PrimeMinister JustinTrudeau,andwentviralonsocialmedia.Likeheroth-er pronouncements on RussianPresident Vladimir Putin’s mili-tary assault on Ukraine, it stoodout from the boilerplate recrimi-nation uttered by many politic-ians. It was personal, thoughtfuland stated with conviction.If Mr. Putin has confounded

many Western leaders, Ms. Free-land seems to have had his num-ber for some time now. She hasnever bought the narrative of Mr.Putin as a nationalist leader seek-

ing to restoreRussia to imperialorgreat-power status, suggestingrather that he has used that ruseas a cover for his own insatiableappetite for power andwealth.“All the talk of a mystic Slavic

brotherhood, of feelings of na-tional humiliation, of respondingto the threat posed by NATO andstanding up for a multipolarworld has done its job. It has alsoobscuredwhatPutin reallywants.He is a dictator whose thirst forpower has eroded the economicprosperity his rule had hithertopartly rested upon. Foreign con-quest is an obvious distractionand substitute,” Ms. Freelandwrote in Britain’s Prospect maga-zine in 2014.Ms. Freeland’s Ukrainian roots

–her grandparents immigrated to

Canada in 1948 and her motherhelpedwrite the country’s consti-tution after it won its independ-ence in 1991 – have undeniablyshaped her own views on RussiaandMr. Putin.When she was named foreign

affairs minister in 2017, some ex-pertsworriedMr. Putinwould seethemoveasaprovocation.Hehadslappedanentrybanonherand11other Canadian politicians andsenior bureaucrats after Canadaplaced sanctions on Russiafollowing its 2014 annexation ofCrimea.Ms. Freeland ended her prede-

cessor Stéphane Dion’s efforts toseek a rapprochement with Rus-sia andchampioned theadoptionof Canada’s Magnitsky Act, en-abling the sanctioning of foreign

nationals for corruption or hu-man-rights violations. The lawhas come in handy now.While at Foreign Affairs, how-

ever, Ms. Freelandwas principallypreoccupied with a differentthreat thanMr. Putin to the rules-based international order – spe-cifically then-U.S. president Do-nald Trump, whose disdain formultilateralism had scrambledpostwar global institutions.She has had more success in

persuadingreluctantEuropeanal-lies to embrace far tougher sanc-tionsonRussia andMr. Putin thantheyhadinitiallybeenpreparedtoaccept, including a freeze on theforeign assets of the Russian cen-tral bank. The freeze effectivelyprevents the bank from interven-ing in foreign-exchange markets

to shore up the ruble, which hasplunged to a record low.According to a Reuters report,

Ms. Freeland directly addressedRussian Finance Minister AntonSiluanov and central bank gover-norElviraNabiullinaduringaFeb.18 meeting of Group of Twenty fi-nance officials, warning the duonot to doubt the resolve of “like-minded democracies” to punishRussia if it invaded Ukraine. Poli-tico reported on Sunday that Ms.Freeland had spent much of lastweek “pushing the idea of sanc-tioning the central bank” amongher Group of Seven colleagues.It would be an exaggeration to

suggest Ms. Freeland was aloneresponsible for the West’s adop-tion of economic sanctions onRussia that few people, or evenMr. Putin himself, thought possi-ble. But, on this issue, Canadadoes appear to have exerted sub-stantial influence on its peers.“What we are seeing here from

Vladimir Putin is an attempt tohave his cake and eat it, too. Hewants tobehave likeacommunistdictator, but he andhis entouragehad thought they could do thatand continue to enjoy all of thefruits of global capitalism,” Ms.Freeland explained on Tuesday.“Andwhat theworlddecidedreal-ly, really clearly last week andthen particularly this weekend, isyou don’t get to do that.”In 2014, following the Crimean

annexation, Ms. Freeland, then abackbench Liberal MP, warned:“To secure his power at home,Putin has tested its limits abroad.Whether it is in Ukraine, or else-where, one day we will have tostop him.”Fate, or something like it,

seems to have put her in the rightplace at the right time.

On Russia sanctions, Freeland is in the right place at the right time

Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland joins a march in Toronto on Sunday as thousands gather to showtheir support for the people of Ukraine after the invasion by Russia. CHRIS YOUNG/THE CANADIAN PRESS

KONRADYAKABUSKI

OPINION

Thatwas a chipper and confi-dent Joe Biden giving theState of the Union address

Tuesday night.Small wonder. His presidency

has been given a new life. Vladi-mir Putin’s barbaric assault onUkraine has shifted the focusfrom the President’s debilitatingdomestic woes to a leadershiprole on the global stage confront-ing the march of authoritarian-ism.Mr. Biden has an opportunity

to unite his brutally fractured re-public against a common enemy.In a rare show of bipartisanship,typically disdainful Republicansactually stood to applaud him ashe expressed his resolve in meet-ing the Putin challenge.“It is in this moment that our

character is formed, our purposeis found,” Mr. Biden said. “I knowthis nation.Wewillmeet the test.”

The Russian autocrat’s butch-ery resets the course, not just forthis President, but the country.American leadership has becomeindispensable again. The end ofthe Cold War had the effect ofmaking the world less reliant onthe United States. The suddenonset of Cold War 2 changes thatequation.External threats have been a

consensus-building, unifyingforce through American history.Now its people have commonpurpose again, and its transatlan-tic allies are suddenly unified to adegree not seen in decades.Allies such as Canada could

not be enthused by the economicthrust of the Biden speech, how-ever, as he doubled down on hispledge to rebuild manufacturingvia domestic sourcing.“We’re going to do it by buying

American,” he vowed. “Made inAmerica from beginning to end.All of it. All of it.”In the speech,whichoffered an

overstated list of good deeds ac-complished and more to come,Mr. Biden devoted considerable

time to trying to reassure Amer-icans that the days of COVID-19anguish would soon be behindthem. But the war was the majorfocus.Themagnitude of the invasion

dwarfsmost everything that tran-spired in the first year of his stew-ardship. He set out to be a NewDeal president butmight bemorecomfortable andmore suited, de-spite his bungling of the Afghan-istan withdrawal, to the role ofdefender of the free world.Missing from his speech was

any major new initiatives againstRussia or an articulation of amore wide-ranging foreign pol-icy. Regrettably, he passed on anopportunity to appeal directly tothe Russian people with a mess-age that they arebeing isolatedbytheir dictator’s act of madnessandwill suffer grievous economicconsequences as a result.Mr. Biden’s confidence – “I am

more optimistic about Americatoday than I have beenmy wholelife” – runs up against perilous re-alities. The threat of a thermonu-clear confrontation, given the Pu-

tin bombast, cannot be entirelydiscounted. While the naked ag-gression has brought on condem-nation throughout the world, theRussian leader still appears tohave the support of China. The ef-fect of the war could touch off anew arms race, resulting in lessresources for other priorities. In-flation could ramp up even morethan it already has.Politically, however, Mr. Biden

hopes to benefit from several fac-tors: the rally-around-the-flag ef-fect; the competence he has dis-played thus far in forging the eco-nomic sequestration of Russia;and the perverse response to thecrisis of the Republican Party,which sometimes looked to bemore on board with the Kremlinthan Ukraine.Normally, the Republicans –

theparty at thehelmat the endofthe first ColdWar –wouldbe in anadvantageousposition as espous-ers of a hard-line stand againstRussia. But under Donald Trump,the party was a Putin patsy. De-fence assistance to Ukraine wasfrozen and Mr. Trump was im-

peached for his attempt to al-legedly blackmail its president,Volodymyr Zelensky.But Mr. Biden has hardly been

impressive in his dealings withthe Russian strongman who in-terfered in the 2016 election in abid to help Mr. Trump gain theWhite House. Rather than recoil,he treated Mr. Putin with a mea-sure of patience, almost respect.While lacking domestic supportfor a military confrontation withRussia in Ukraine,Mr. Biden neednot have given Mr. Putin thegreen light by publicly vowing tokeephis forces out of any conflict.Had he left the door open, it mayhave had the effect of makingMr. Putin think more than twiceabout an assault.Nevertheless, the crisis could

work inMr. Biden’s favour. He ap-peared to be headed for a disas-trous defeat in the midterm elec-tions. That still may be the case.But his presidency has been re-cast. Courtesy of the autocrat’smonstrous aggression, he has achance of reasserting his leader-ship, and that of his country.

Putin’s war is revitalizing the Biden presidency – and America’s global leadership role

LAWRENCEMARTIN

OPINION

A16 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022

LIFE & ARTS ARTS & REVIEWS | OPINION | PUZZLES | WEATHER

| NEWS

It is the best job in theworld, being ableto write about art. It’s particularly ex-citing when readers want to engage:amplify your ideas, debate your obser-

vations, complement them with theirown. So often, though, you write into thewind and hope somebody catches ontowhat you’re saying and gives it a think.But rarely in my years of writing has

something like this happened.I received an e-mail last year fromCana-

dian filmmaker Niobe Thompson. I hadwritten about him once before, when hereleased his documentary series The GreatHuman Odyssey.Hewanted to tellme about his new film,

to be released in 2022. Carbon: The Unau-thorised Biography had its world premiereat Toronto’s Hot Docs Ted Rogers CinemaFeb. 28, and will be broadcast March 4 onCBC’s The Nature of Things. It is a tribute tothe chemical element that is causing somuch trouble for us, but also created us.In the film, co-directed by Thompson

andAustralian filmmaker Daniella Ortega,Carbon is a character with a personalityand a story (and a gender – female, withshe/herpronouns).VoicedbySarahSnook(Shiv from Succession), Carbon is a misun-derstood herowho has created an unlikelymiracle (life) and is now contributing to acatastrophe. Not her fault; ours.“She’s at the core of life. She makes this

world possible,” Thompson told me thisweek at a Vancouver café. “Why shouldn’tCarbon tell her own story and speak di-rectly to us?”In the spring of 2019, Thompson was

coming off a year-long sabbatical; he andhis family had left Edmonton to travel theworld. He had readTheUninhabitable Earthby DavidWallace-Wells and was thinking alot about climate change – and what hecould do about it.“Even though I’ve been working in this

space for a long time, made two filmsabout the tar sands, it really brought homethat we’re in a serious crisis and we’re allgoing to be facing our kids at a certainpoint and they’re going to be asking:Whatdid you do?”He did some math: At the time, he fig-

uredhisdaughterwas going tobehis age in2050, maybe raising a family.“And I think 2050 is going to be a very

different world in terms of the climate tra-jectory. So I really thought: Well, if this is areassessment, if this is a moment whenwe’re taking a breather and I’m trying tofigure out what to do with my remainingenergies, what’s it going to be?”He thought about going off the grid to

prepare for the apocalypse. “But then in amore sober moment you think, well whatdo I actually have to give? And I’m a film-maker.”Then, he told me, he read something

that August that further encouraged him.Itwas anarticle I hadwrittenabout climatechange and the arts, how artists were tak-ing on this subject matter. And maybe, bydoing so, could become the planet’ssaviour.“It’s like you just read my mind with

that article,” he told me. “And I thought,wow, there’s other artists out there think-ing about the same thing. Marsha’s kind of

laying down the gauntlet and saying thescience is settled; now the artists have ajob to do. And it really helped clarify mythinking,” he said.This was pretty thrilling to hear. I grap-

pledwith how towrite thiswithout sound-ing self-congratulatory; truly, that is notthe intent. I just thought: This is reallycool. How ideas build on one another andcreate something new.“You throw a stone out into the pond

and the waves are going to hit the shore atsome point,” Thompson told me. “Youthrew a stone in August, 2019, and I can’tbe the only artist who read that and went‘yeah, that.’ And then started putting theirlife in order to go in that direction.”Carbonwas shot entirely during thepan-

demic, so Thompson would often be di-recting via Zoom, or relying on remotecrews in far-flung locations. But it alsomeant access to some big names whomight not have been available otherwise,like the superstar (sorry) astrophysicistNeil deGrasse Tyson.

As for Snook, Thompson says she wastotally on board.“What a gift to have an actor like that.

And she really bit into the role,” saysThompson,noting that in spiteofher rock-eting fame, shewasaccessible andgave therole her all. “She did not mail it in.”Not wanting to be called out by his

daughters for fiddling while the planetburned, Thompson has made a personalcommitment to always be working on atleast one project dealing with the climateissue.“You said it. Now that we know the sci-

ence, it’s time for the artists to get towork,”Thompson, who is now based in Victoria,told me. The Rolling Stones’ Time Is on MySide was playing in the background.“I have another thing to say to my kids

when they’re parents about ‘what did youdo when you knew.’ This was one of thethings that I did. I don’t know if it’s going tobe thin gruel when we’re old to say thesethings, but we’re all just trying to use whatwe’ve got, right?”

B.C. filmmaker’s latest work highlightshow artists are confronting climate changeNiobe Thompson’s Carboncasts the title element asa misunderstood hero nowcontributing to a catastrophethat isn’t her fault, but ours

MARSHA LEDERMAN

Director Niobe Thompson, left, and composer Jonathan Kawchuk work behind the scenes on Carbon: The Unauthorised Biography.The film, which premiered in Toronto earlier this week, will be broadcast March 4 on CBC’s The Nature of Things.

It is Chip Zdarsky’smultiverse –we’re just living in it. The Can-adian writer and artist (real

name Steve Murray, born in Ed-monton and raised in Barrie,Ont.) has been something of aflesh-and-blood superhero incomic-book circles for the pastdecade, first earning industry no-tice for his edgy Eisner Award-winning series Sex Criminals withMatt Fraction, then being placedin charge of Marvel’s weirdest(Howard the Duck) and biggest(Star-Lord, Daredevil, Spider-Man)properties.Now, Zdarsky – who before

gaining a foothold in the comicsworld worked as an illustrator/advice columnist/Garfield corre-spondent at the National Post – isset to run the industry’s mostprestigious title: Batman.Starting in July, Zdarsky and

artist Jorge Jimenez are takingover DC Comics’ landmark title,just as the world gets a new on-screen Dark Knight in Robert Pat-tinson (and a few months beforeBen Affleck andMichael Keaton’stakes on the vigilante hit thescreen in November’s The Flash).Ahead of this new Bat-era,

Zdarsky spoke with The Globeand Mail about the similaritiesbetween comics writing and Can-adian newspapers, and buildingbridges between the worlds ofMarvel and DC.

You’ve handled Spider-Man, Dare-devil, now Batman (not to mentionJughead). Who else is on yourcomic-book bucket list?

I’ve definitely got a couple, butit’s one of those things where Ihate to say them out loud be-cause usually a friend of mine iscurrently writing the title. It’d belike if a friend of yours was beinginterviewed about their dream

job and they said, “Oh, deputyarts editor of The Globe andMail.” The knives are everywhere,Barry!

Is it safe to say that your recentwork on the anthology seriesBatman: Urban Legends was anaudition of sorts, and you …passed?

I guess it was! The Urban Legendsstory was my take on modern

Batman. But also over the pan-demic I’d been writing Batman:The Knight, which is a miniseriesabout young Bruce Wayne trav-elling theworld and acquiring hisbat-skills. That was for the mainBatman editor, Ben Abernathy,and we got along really well. Ithink he enjoyed the scripts andalso working with me. As youknow, I came from Canadiannewspapers, so the daily dead-lines of those jobs mademe pret-

ty good with the monthly dead-lines of comic books. Never un-derestimate turning scripts in ontime in career advancement.

You’re calling this upcoming Bat-man arc “Failsafe” the DarkKnight’s own “Doomsday,” re-ferring I guess to Superman’s owninfamous brush with death in1993. What other inspirations aregoing to be felt here? And should Ibe stocking on up on the issues inthe hopes they become Death ofSuperman rare (or, rather, inthe hopes it becomes worthsubstantially more than DOSended up being worth)?

Yeah, I mean, back in the day theBatman equivalent of Doomsdaywas Bane, who infamously brokehis back in the comics. And thenTomHardy broke Christian Bale’sback in the movies. Classic TomHardy! Here I wanted to design avillain with our artist Jorge thatcould challenge Batman in a big-ger way. Look, I’m not discount-ing broken backs, but ChristianBale just healed his by chillingout in a pit and hanging by arope, really stretching that puppyout. It’ll take more than that forwhat we’re doing in the comic.And hey, I’m in no position to begiving advice on how to balanceyour financial portfolio. Anddon’t look to Batman for adviceeither. Bruce Wayne got rich bypaying that guy to off his bil-lionaire parents in an alley.

This year, audiences will get threeon-screen Batmen: Pattinson,Affleck and even Keaton. How willyour on-the-page Bruce Waynestand apart?

Mine is surrounded by Robins.Surrounded! In the comics, Bat-man has a very large supportingcast. A lot of what I’m doing inthe book is having him deal withthat fact. Is it a good thing to have

an army of protégés? What’s hisresponsibility to the ones willingto follow him into this vigilantelife? Also, thanks to our amazingartist, Jorge Jiménez, our Batmanis way more handsome thanthose other chumps.

Do you think we’re reaching apoint of Batman-saturation? Bat-uration? Or is the world simply inconstant want of new Dark Knighttales?

He’s a popular character! The on-ly thing that will derail the Bat-uration, or has in the past, is badwork. And it can be challengingto make good work when somany stories and versions of thecharacter exist out there already.Butman, it really feels like there’sstuff out there for every Batmanfan from bat-cradle to bat-grave.

Not long ago, it was unheard offor a writer to be working on bothDC and Marvel books. Yet you’restill going to be on Daredevil.How does that work?

Ha! I switched from exclusivecontracts to non-exclusive con-tracts a couple of years ago be-cause I’m so scared of commit-ment. It feels like there’s less ofan intense rivalry between Mar-vel and DC these days, so every-one’s been really kind and sup-portive about my dual companywork. At least they’ve been kindto my face! I think I’m the firstperson to write both books at thesame time? It’s a weird world.

A few years ago, there was a dealfor Sex Criminals to become a TVseries with Universal. Is there anyupdate on that development?

After a few years of development,the rights are back with MattFraction andmyself. So we can fi-nally go and produce the stagemusical, I guess?

Canadian comic-book hero Chip Zdarsky takes over Batman

BARRY HERTZ

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I A17

With his acclaimed, continuing Black Radio series ofalbums, the American jazz pianist Robert Glaspercorrals A-listmusicians in sublime, genre-blendingways. One might think the maestro would have a

master plan for the collaborations and choices of original andborrowedmaterial, but sometimes pure chance carries the day.Asked about the cover of the Tears for Fears anthem EverybodyWants to Rule theWorldonhis newBlackRadio III album,Glaspersayshe just happened tohear it onedayon,what else, the radio.“I was driving to the studio when it came on,” says Glasper,

who won a Grammy Award for his album Black Radio in 2013. “Iwent in and put down the piano part immediately.”The cover is one of 13 cuts of R&B infused with jazz and hip

hop hemadewith Gregory Porter, Esperanza Spalding, JenniferHudson, Killer Mike, India.Arie and many others. The albumincludes the previously released single Better Than I Imagined(withH.E.R. andMeshell Ndegeocello),whichwon theGrammyfor Best R&B Song a year ago.Lalah Hathaway contributes the vocals to EverybodyWants to

Rule the World. The track was already done when Glasper pre-viewed the song to the rapper Common. “He heard it and said,‘You have to let me get on that song,’ ” Glasper recalls.Common then added his socially conscious rap. Everybody,

then, wants to be in Glasper’s world. He spoke to The Globe andMail on Zoom from Los Angeles.

Does Black Radio mean anything more than the obvious?

Black Radio is actually a song I wrote with Yasiin Bey [formerlyMos Def] back in 2007. It was about the black box, or black ra-dio, in an airplane.When an airplane crashes and burns, it’s thething that survives.Wewrote a song about howgreatmusic sur-vives the test of time.

Are you saying we are in a crash situation right now?

Musically we’re always in a crash situation. I think most of themusic around today is bad.

You’re part of the vanguard of breaking down the rigid categor-izations of music. Do you feel the traditional gatekeepers whoenforced those categorizations don’t have the power they oncedid?

Radio in Europe is not as categorized as it is in America. It’s anevolution. When I say Black radio, I mean that if I could makemy own radio station, which is what people today dowith play-lists, what would my radio sound like?

So, how did you arrive to the sounds of your Black Radio albums?

Black music is a big house of many rooms. I live in that houseand I’m just going from room to room. I grew up playing in thechurch. I grew up playing R&B. Jazz was the last one I got intoplaying, in high school. Before high school, I was already play-ing weddings withmymom. Luther Vandross and Anita Baker,you know? This is an obvious, easy thing forme to do. Mymomwas singing jazz one night and R&B the next. And then shewasthe music director on Sunday.

The album opens with In Tune, which is pure poetry. It reminds meof the Pete Townshend song Pure and Easy, about a note thatwhen played unifies the universe. He wrote that song 50 yearsago. How do you think we’re doing today with the unifying powerof music?

It’s going well. I know because I go to all my shows [laughs].Because of the different genres I work in, I have a piano-trioaudiencehere, ahip-hopaudienceover thereand IhaveanR&Baudience aswell. If you come tomy show, you’re going to see an80-year-old white man sitting next to a 15-year-old Black kid.I’ve watched people teach each other about what I’m doing.That white man might not understand J Dilla, so the kid ex-plains it. Then Imight play a standard like Stella by Starlight, theold man can tell the kid about it. So, it’s that. I’ve seen it manytimes.

But once people leave your concert, things don’t seem so united.

No. They do not. But that’s a slow process.

I would argue that it’s worse than slow. Are we not going back-ward in some ways?

It’s not backward. What’s happening now is that we can seewhat’s been going on all along. It’s in our face now. The light hasbeen shown on it. We open our phone, it’s there.

Part of the process?

It has to be.Once you see something, that’swhen changebeginsto start. You see the liar. You see the murderer. You see thatthings are unfair. You see that it’s unjust. Black people have al-ways seen it, but now white people are. And they’re saying,“This stuff really is happening. Y’all aren’t crazy. You’re not justmaking this up. You’re not just being angry for no reason.”

This interview has been condensed and edited.

Robert Glasper’s Black Radioseries corrals A-list musiciansin genre-blending ways

BRAD WHEELER

‘It’ll be fun,” I said tomyskepticalhusband.Asa newlymintedMaster ofMusic, I was heavyonpianistic ability, light on cash andquicklywearying of teaching.

“Funeral playing though?” he questioned, shak-ing his head.“11 a.m. on a weekday, sight-readable music, in

and out in an hour – funerals will be easymoney.”Or so I thought.Afterapplyingforgigsatmylocal funeralhomes,

I only had to wait a week for the phone to ring.“Is this Amy, the funeral pianist? Our regular

pianist caught the flu. Can you step in tomorrowmorning, 11 a.m.?”“Right! 11…yes,” Iagreed, rifling forapento take

down the address. “Has the family requested anyspecific pieces?”“We’re still waiting, but whip up Amazing Grace

on spec.”“Noproblem,” I said. “I’ll be readywithaprelude

and the typicalhymns,AbidewithMe, TheLord isMyShepherd…”“Hmmm,” he murmured, unconvincingly. “You

never really know, dear.”Earl, the funeral home director, called back an

hour later. “Are you sitting down?”heasked cryptically.“It seems thedeceasedhadeclectic

tastes in entertainment – sci-fi, John-ny Cash, westerns from the sixties.That sort of thing. And the familywants themusic to reflect that.”Iwas suddenlyworried.Mypat col-

lection of hymnarrangements – pret-ty thingswith legato left-handaccom-paniment figures, contemplativetempi and simple harmonization –might not see me through. Besides,the funeral was the next day. Therewasn’t much time to learn newmusic.“The casket will be wheeled in with the theme

from Star Trek playing. You know the one?”Earl broke into the iconic theme in a warbling

tenor.“Right …” I was suddenly worried about what I

had gottenmyself into.“And then, before the eulogy, they’d like the

theme from Bonanza.”“Da-digga-dum-dum-digga-digga-dum, Bo-

NAN-ZA!” we sang at each other, roughly in timeand perhaps even in the same key.“And the last one…”Earl brokeoff. “This last re-

quest you can’tmakeupbecause noonewould be-lieve it. The family asked for the casket to bewheeled out to Ring of Fire.”I was silent, processing all the theological impli-

cations.“You know?” Earl pressed. “The Johnny Cash

tune?”“Unorthodox, wouldn’t you say?”“Play softly,” was Earl’s advice. “Maybe no one

will notice.”The nextmorning, I arrived at the funeral home

with a binder of hastily downloaded sheet musicunder my arm. At the columned staircase at thefront entrance, an elegant hearse, sparkling in thewinter sun, was parked precisely in the middle ofthe U-shaped drive.I took a deep breath, not sure what I should

expect.Would the family beweeping softly?Weep-ing loudly? Would the body be on display? Hiddenaway?The lobbywas quiet, pleasingly decorated in the

beiges and greens of mid-1990s hotel interiors. I

predicted a floral wallpaper border in the bath-room and, in due course, was not disappointed.An usher approached. “Welcome,” she said in

soothing tones. “Who have you joined us to re-member today?”I suddenly realized that I didn’t know the de-

ceased’s name. I had no idea whose life I would bememorializing.“I’m not sure,” I replied rather clumsily. “Earl

askedme to play for an 11 o’clock.”She stretched an arm toward a dimly lit chapel.

“Make yourself at home.”And so I did, with a prelude of old hymns.An older man with wispy hair approached the

piano. I was playing amodern setting of In the Gar-den, all seventh chords and suspensions. He wan-deredpast floral arrangements inurns andonped-estals, fresh flower sprays hooked on various wireapparatuses, theircoloursanddesignsamishmashof many florists’ efforts. He wore a yellow andma-roonplaid jacket last aired in the early 1980s by thelooks of it and held a glass of punch.“Say!”he said, as I roundedoff the tune. “Doyou

take requests?”“I’m sorry?” I gaped, wondering if the man had

mistaken the funeral with an all-re-quest evening at the local pub.“Howabouta littleManilow?Can’t

Smile Without You? That’d be nice.”Iglancedat theclockat thebackof

the chapel. It was 11 sharp.“I’m sorry!” I whispered. “It’s ac-

tually time for Star Trek.”During the service that followed, I

sat on the piano bench and listenedto the stories, the funny anecdotesthatmaketheirwayintoeulogies; re-cited the Lord’s Prayer alongside thesiblings, nieces and nephews; and

prayed with the minister, a subcontracted clergy-man of no particular denomination, earning aquick buck likeme.I knewIwasat a funeral, but itwasn’tuntil those

final words were spoken – “ashes to ashes, dust todust” – that reality hit.A man was gone and he wasn’t coming back. I

thought of the cheque, left on the piano for me. Ihad stuffed it into my bag without looking at theamount. Was it enough? Enough to salve thisterrible sadness, this dreadful gnawing? I blinkedaway tears, focusingon thenoteson thepage. I justneeded to get through the service without break-ing down.“You got us out of a pickle on this one!”Earl was chatty once the service was over, jovial

even.“My pleasure,” I nodded, still feeling a little

numb.Earl smoothed down his suit jacket, slightly

rumpled frommoving floral sprays into thehearse.“I’ll keep you on the roster. Does that suit?”I started toprotest –no,pleasedon’t ever callme

again. I don’t want to sit here and watch a life ush-ered out. I don’t want to be a part of any of this.Nothingyoucouldpaymewouldmakemewant tocome back again.But then I thought of mymortgage andmy gro-

cerybill. I thoughtofhow lucky Iwas toplay for thebereaved. People swayed when I played the well-known hymns. I even heard a bit of humming.I grew up ever so slightly and heard myself say,

“Any time, Earl. Any time.”

Amy Boyes lives in Ottawa.

MY UNUSUALSIDE HUSTLE

ILLUSTRATION BY DREW SHANNON

Being a funeral pianist is a rewarding experience,but it can be strange, too, Amy Boyes writes

FIRST PERSON

I took a deep breath,not sure whatI should expect.Would the familybe weeping softly?Weeping loudly?Would the bodybe on display?Hidden away?

Have a story to tell? Please see the guidelines on our website tgam.ca/essayguide,and e-mail it to firstperson@globeandmail.com

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BRIDGEBY STEVE BECKER

A defender should not permithimself to be governed by rigidrules. He should not always re-turn the suit partner led; heshould not always play second-hand low or third-hand high;he should not always cover anhonour with an honour. Rather,he should be prepared to dealspecifically with each brand-newsituation as it arises. What it re-ally boils down to is that gooddefensive play is mostly a matterof plain common sense.Consider this case where itwould be easy to go wrong. Westleads a heart, on which dummyplays the nine. If East makes the

mistake of playing the queen,South makes two heart tricksinstead of one and easily makesthree notrump. The defence can-not recover once the queen hasbeen played.But if East ducks the nine ofhearts (at the same time signal-ing with the seven to show in-terest in the suit), South musteventually lose three heart tricksand the two minor-suit aces fordown one.Ducking the nine violates thegeneral rule of third-hand high– but the situation calls for it.East knows from the lead of thedeuce that West has precisely

four hearts, leaving declarer withtwo. These can be either A-K,A-x, K-x or x-x.In the first and third cases,playing the queen costs a trick;in the second case, East’s playdoes not matter because Southscores two heart tricks whateverEast plays. The only time thequeen play gains is when declar-er has x-x, but this possibility isremote, considering that Southopened the bidding with onenotrump.It therefore follows that play-ing the seven of hearts will, inthe long run, prove far more suc-cessful than playing the queen.

East dealer.Both sides vulnerable.

The bidding:

East South West NorthPass 1 NT Pass 3 NTOpening Lead – two of hearts.

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022

Each row and eachcolumn must containthe numbers 1 through6 without repeating.

The numbers withinthe heavily outlinedboxes, called cages,must combine usingthe given operation (inany order) to producethe target numbers inthe top-left corners.

Freebies: Fill insingle-box cages withthe numbers in thetop-left corner.

3.

2.

INSTRUCTIONS

1.CRYPTIC CLUES QUICK CLUES

ACROSS1 Author of The Song

of Hiawatha (10)8 Maxim (5)9 Constantly working (2,3,2)10 Female wild cat (7)11 Illuminated (3,2)12 Get to the bottom of (6)14 Emerge (6)17 Power of effective action (5)19 Hard to achieve (7)21 Upholstered backless sofa (7)22 Constellation, the Hunter (5)23 Ground between armies (2,4,4)

DOWN2 A frontier settlement (7)3 Dwarfish legendary creature (5)4 Systematic selfishness (6)5 Utter inadvertently (3,4)6 Obtain by effort (5)7 Similarity (10)8 A criminal (10)13 Most favourable (7)15 Strong feeling (7)16 An aircraft gun (6)18 On many occasions (5)20 Quaintly amusing (5)

ACROSS1 Resistance at workplace (10)8 Lightweight cat (5)9 Wrongly presume

it’s the highest (7)10 Complicated

counter beat (7)11 Daisy is kind of neat

to look at (5)12 Country writer (6)14 Tentative suggestion put

out by some animals? (6)17 Lawful time back in

the Fifties (5)19 Visible understanding? (7)21 Reduce the charge (7)22 Classified unconventional

trade (5)23 He ruins the drink

and the game (10)

DOWN2 A pardon is arranged for

the first woman (7)3 It can smash a canoe

to pieces (5)4 How to march on foot (6)5 Plead for a fairy tale? (7)6 Relative said to be in

French resort (5)7 Well-known way in which

Christmas is enjoyed (10)8 Unsuitable and so

dismissed (3,2,5)13 Song that once

charmed Ulysses (7)15 Open boat in spill (7)16 Remarkable way to

communicate (6)18 Think of America (5)20 Metal debris left in

battle (5)

Solutions to today's Sudoku and Kenken can be found in the Life & Arts contentarea of the A section. Crossword solutions will be with tomorrow's puzzles.

CHALLENGE CROSSWORD

1 2 3 4 5 6

7

8 9

10 11

12 13 14 15

16

17 18 19 20

21 22

23

ACROSS: 1 To a man, 4 Engulf, 9 Wrinkle, 10 Drone, 11 Reign, 12 Sardine, 13 Case inpoint, 18 Careful, 20 Pique, 22 Exult, 23 Sapling, 24 Module, 25 Freeze.DOWN: 1 Tawdry, 2 Alibi, 3 Askance, 5 Nadir, 6 Utopian, 7 Feeler, 8 Less and less,14 Aground, 15 On paper, 16 Scream, 17 League, 19 Fatal, 21 Quite.

ACROSS: 1 Course, 4 Spares, 9 Malaria, 10 Incur, 11 Outre, 12 Litotes, 13 In a nutshell,18 Section, 20 Issue, 22 Ideal, 23 Initial, 24 Sprite, 25 Agates.DOWN: 1 Came on, 2 Unlit, 3 Surgeon, 5 Print, 6 Recital, 7 Stress, 8 Table tennis,14 Nuclear, 15 Hailing, 16 Espies, 17 Cellos, 19 Inlet, 21 Shift.

YESTERDAY'S CRYPTIC

YESTERDAY'S QUICK

©2022 KENKEN Puzzle LLC. KENKEN is a registered trademark of Nextoy, LLC. Dist. by Andrews McMeelwww.kenken.com

KENKEN

SUDOKU DIFFICULTY RATING:HHHHI

INSTRUCTIONS Fill in the grid so that each row of nine squares, each column of nineand each section of nine (three squares by three) contains the numbers 1 through 9in any order. There is only one solution to each puzzle.

VANCOUVER FORECAST AND ALMANAC

Daytime high, overnight low, and conditions

REGIONAL FORECAST

WORLD FORECAST

TODAY 10/4

AMSTERDAM

BARCELONA

BEIJING

FRANKFURT

HONG KONG

JERUSALEM

LONDON

MADRID

MOSCOW

NEW DELHI

NEW YORK

ORLANDO

PARIS

ROME

SAN FRANCISCO

TOKYO

WASHINGTON

BANFF

BRANDON

CALGARY

CHARLOTTETOWN

CHURCHILL

CORNER BROOK

EDMONTON

FORT MCMURRAY

HALIFAX

INUVIK

IQALUIT

JASPER

KINGSTON

LETHBRIDGE

LONDON

MONCTON

MONTREAL

DEGREES CELSIUS HIGH LOWToday 10° 4°Today’s normal 7.9° 1.4°Yesterday XX XX

IN MM DAY MONTH YEARToday XXYesterday XX XX XXYesterday’s normal XX XX XX

1.01.11.00.9

1/-8SN-14/-15PC-5/-11SN-6/-17SN-17/-23PC-5/-11SF-9/-12SN-6/-20PC0/-15SN

-14/-18PC-18/-23C3/-7SF-7/-16S-2/-9SN-5/-11PC-6/-19SF-9/-20SF

-1/-9SF-11/-12SN-7/-15SF

-11/-13PC-15/-21S

-11/-13SF-9/-18SF-7/-14PC-8/-12PC

-10/-13PC-17/-26PC

2/-7PC-3/-10SF-5/-11SF1/-4PC

-10/-15S-7/-15PC

-1/-10PC-8/-18C

-2/-10PC-6/-11S

-10/-16S-9/-11SF-5/-13PC-3/-14PC-3/-9PC-4/-9PC

-18/-25PC1/-11PC-1/-3SF

-4/-14PC7/3RS-4/-12S-4/-5PC

11/0S15/11PC10/-1S8/-4S

19/17PC10/5R13/8C9/6R

0/-7PC29/14PC

4/-6S29/16PC

13/6C14/1C

12/10C13/4PC11/-2PC

10/-1S16/10R10/-1S7/-4S

21/19R11/5R10/6R

12/3PC-2/-3C

28/14S2/-2S

29/18S14/3PC14/1R

11/6PC10/4PC8/3PC

8/-1PC14/10R11/-3S6/-5S

22/19S14/11S9/4PC

10/3PC-2/-8C

29/14S6/5PC

29/19PC10/2PC14/-1PC10/7S17/4S

17/12PC

Isolated showers(POP 40%). Winds

light.

Mainly sunny duringthe day. Winds light.

Clear overnight.

Mainly sunny duringthe day. Winds light.

Clear overnight.

Mainly sunny duringthe day. Winds light.

Clear overnight.

Variable cloudinessduring the day.

Winds light. Variablecloudiness overnight.

Isolated showers (POP40%) during the day.Isolated showers (POP

40%) overnight.

Variable cloudinessduring the day. Windslight. Clear overnight.

TOMORROW 9/3 SATURDAY 11/3 SUNDAY 10/2 MONDAY 10/3 TUESDAY 7/3 WEDNESDAY 6/1

TODAY FRI. SAT.

As observed at Vancouver International Airport

TEMPERATURE PRECIPITATION SUN

RISES 6:50 a.m.SETS 5:59 p.m.

HOURS OF SUNLIGHT11hrs. 09mins.

LEGEND

C CLOUDY

FG FOG

NATIONAL FORECAST

TODAY FRI. SAT.NORTH BAY

OTTAWA

PETERBOROUGH

QUEBEC

REGINA

SAINT JOHN

SASKATOON

SAULT S. M.

SHERBROOKE

ST. JOHN’S

SUDBURY

THOMPSON

THUNDER BAY

TORONTO

WHITEHORSE

WINNIPEG

YELLOWKNIFE

-13/-19PC-11/-21PC-10/-19S

-10/-20PC-9/-11SF-3/-17SF

-11/-13PC-10/-15PC-10/-22SF

0/-5PC-10/-17PC-13/-26S-8/-19S-6/-12S

-2/-11PC-16/-19PC-17/-19PC

-7/-15PC-5/-15SF-2/-11PC

-10/-16PC-9/-14SN-8/-11S

-10/-20SN-6/-10PC-8/-14PC-5/-10SF-5/-14PC-10/-24S-7/-13PC1/-5PC-2/-9PC

-10/-11SF-12/-19SF

-4/-5SF-3/-5SF-2/-4SN

-6/-10PC-11/-21PC

-2/-6S-11/-18PC

-2/-4SN-3/-6PC-5/-9SF-4/-6SF

-8/-16PC-5/-7SN0/-2SN1/-4PC

-8/-18SF-13/-20PC

TODAY FRI. SAT.

ABBOTSFORD

CRANBROOK

DAWSON CREEK

KAMLOOPS

KELOWNA

NANAIMO

NELSON

PORT HARDY

9/3R4/-3R

-2/-9PC8/-1PC8/-2R9/4PC7/0R6/3R

11/2S3/-8SF

-3/-13PC7/-2PC7/-3PC9/4PC8/-2PC6/4PC

11/3S2/-7PC

2/-10PC6/-3PC6/-4PC10/4S7/-4PC8/2S

TODAY FRI. SAT.PRINCE GEORGE

PRINCE RUPERT

REVELSTOKE

TELEGRAPH CREEK

TOFINO

WHISTLER

WILLIAMS LAKE

VICTORIA

4/-7PC5/2C

5/-3RS2/-6PC9/2S

7/-2PC7/-4PC10/4PC

2/-7PC6/0PC5/-5PC1/-7PC8/2PC6/-4PC4/-5PC9/4PC

4/-8PC5/2S

4/-6PC2/-4PC9/2S

6/-4PC5/-9PC10/3PC

TODAY FRI. SAT.

ABBOTSFORD

KAMLOOPS

KELOWNA

NANAIMO

PRINCE GEORGE

REVELSTOKE

VANCOUVER

VICTORIA

0.90.90.90.9

FR FREEZING RAIN

HZ HAZE

NA NOT AVAILABLE

PC PARTLY CLOUDY

R RAIN

RS RAIN/SNOW

S SUN

SN SNOW

SF SNOW FLURRIES

SH SHOWERS

T THUNDERSTORMS

W WINDY

TOFINO9/2S

WHISTLER7/-2PC

PORT HARDY6/3R

KAMLOOPS8/-1PC

WILLIAMS LAKE7/-4PC

KELOWNA8/-2R

QUESNEL6/-7PC

CRANBROOK4/-3R

REVELSTOKE5/-3RS

PRINCE GEORGE4/-7PC

PRINCERUPERT5/2C

VICTORIA10/4PC

HOPE9/1R

VANCOUVER10/4R

NANAIMO9/4PC

DAWSONCREEK-2/-9PC

©The Weather Network 2022

AIR QUALITY HEALTH INDEXLOW RISK: 1-3, MOD. RISK: 4-6, HIGH RISK: 7-10,VERY HIGH RISK: 10+

UV READINGSLOW: 1-2, MODERATE : 3-5, HIGH: 6-7,VERY HIGH: 8-10, EXTREME: 11+

ABBOTSFORDKAMLOOPS

2

2KELOWNANANAIMO

2

2

PRINCE GEORGECASTLEGAR

2

2

VANCOUVERVICTORIA

2

2

NORMAL, MONTH [mm]: CURRENT: DIFFERENCE:

PRECIPITATION

PERCENT OF NORMAL:

March

117.5 3.5 -114.03%

| NEWS

The Local Journalism InitiativeReporters are funded by the

Government of Canada

The Local Journalism Initiative (LJI) supports the creationof original civic journalism that covers the diverse needsof underserved communities across Canada. Fundingis available to eligible Canadian media organizations tohire journalists or pay freelance journalists to producecivic journalism for underserved communities. Thecontent produced will be made available to mediaorganizations through a Creative Commons license sothat Canadians can be better informed.

MotivatedCanadians to move.Started aEvery day, Canadians count on YouTube to buildtheir future, learn new skills, and inspire others.

When Maddie Lymburner started her YouTube channel inHamilton, ON in 2018, she never dreamed her videos would moveso many people. But her unique brand of dance-inspiredworkout videos motivated Canadians to get fit, and became aplace many turned to to stay active during the pandemic.Maddie is now a full-time content creator because of her start onYouTube, and has launched MadFit, her own workout app.

Hamilton, ON/ MadFit

BRIT ISH COLUMBIA EDIT ION ■ THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 ■ GLOBEANDMAIL.COM

S&P/TSX21,255.64+251.13

DOW33,891.35+596.40

S&P 5004,386.54+80.28

NASDAQ13,752.02+219.56

DOLLAR78.94/1.2668+0.25/-0.0040

GCAN 10-YR1.82%+0.11

OIL (WTI)US$110.60+7.19

GOLD (oz.)US$1,922.30-21.50

PARALYMPICS Letting Russian, Belarusian athletes compete pleases no one, Cathal Kelly says B13SPORTSB13-B18

SOCCER Roman Abramovich puts Chelsea up for sale as clamour for sanctions grows B13

In finally launching a cycle ofinterest rate increases, theBank of Canada all but admit-

ted that the move was overdue.But with the war in Ukraine pull-ing monetary policy in oppositedirections, there’s still a hint ofhesitation in the central bank’swords.The quarter-percentage-point

rate hike that the bank an-nounced Wednesday was bothwell-telegraphed and widely an-ticipated, but itwas, nevertheless,a pretty momentous occasion.The last time it raised rates, inOc-tober, 2018, neither Bank of Cana-da Governor Tiff Macklem nor se-nior deputy Carolyn Rogers wereeven employed by the bank. In-flation was 2.4 per cent, a bit hot-ter than the bank’s 2-per-cent tar-get. The bank had never heard ofCOVID-19, and had never had toslash its key rate to near zero todefend the economy against aglobal health and economic cri-sis.

PARKINSON, B4

War addsa new set ofhurdles alongBoC’s pathto higher rates

DAVID PARKINSON

OPINION

Canada will need multiple rate increasesto cool housing frenzy B4

AIR CANADA ......................... B6FORD MOTOR ........................ B7ONEX ..................................... B6PEMBINA PIPELINE .............. B11ROGERS COMMUNICATIONS . B3SHAW COMMUNICATIONS .... B3

COMPANIES

Entrepreneur Stephen Hun-ter took tough steps to en-sure Sunwing Airlines and

Sunwing Vacations survived thepandemic, cutting staff and bor-rowing money to ensure thebusiness would still be aroundwhen restrictions lifted and Can-adians could once again headsouth in the winter.However, the chief executive

of family-owned Sunwing knewthe bills would eventually comedue.As this year began, the tour

operator faced repaying $327-million in federal governmentloans.At the same time, vacation

travel was taking off and Sunw-ing needed to spend money tolease aircraft and rehire pilotsand flight attendants.Mr. Hunter said the conflicting

pressures of paying down debtwhile needing to put more cap-ital into expanding the companyprompted Sunwing to revisit pre-pandemic overtures from West-Jet Group and agree to sell thebusiness his family launched in2002.“We got to the point, in the

last few years, where we couldn’tgrow as much as we wanted togrow,” Mr. Hunter said in an in-terview.

WILLIS, B6

Sunwing justthe first dealas hospitalitysector facesmerger pressure

ANDREW WILLIS

OPINION

As the list of international companies pull-ing out of Russia grows longer by the day,Canadian corporations doing businessthere are grappling with difficult decisionson whether to cut ties with the countryoutright or stick it out and bear the reputa-tional and operational risk that could fol-low.While Canadian companies such asKin-

ross Gold Corp., McCain Foods Ltd. andCanada Goose are distancing themselves

from business in Russia or suspending op-erations outright in the country, other cor-porate pillars appear to be pushing on fornow, including auto-parts maker MagnaInternational Inc. and convenience storegiantAlimentation Couche-Tard Inc. Sev-eral smaller companies also sell into thecountry, including Ski-DoomakerBRP Inc.and label manufacturer CCL IndustriesInc.For all of them, the world has changed

with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Canadaand its Group of Seven allies have con-demned what they call an unprovoked at-tack and slappedRussiawith sanctions, in-

cluding prohibiting transactions with Rus-sia’s central bank. Western leaders have al-so moved to cut several of Russia’s largestbanks off from the international financialsystembyexcluding themfromSWIFT, themessaging network that facilitates mostglobal money transfers.Foreign-based multinationals are in-

creasingly shunning the country. Energygiant Exxon Mobil Corp. said it would exitRussia, while aircraft maker Boeing Co.suspended maintenance and technicalsupport for Russian airlines. Rival AirbusSE stopped sending spare parts.

RUSSIA, B8

Canadian companies considerfuture of Russian operationsA few have severed ties but others, including Magna, weigh their options after invasion of Ukraine

NICOLAS VAN PRAETCHRIS HANNAY

BIG TECH’S CALL TO ARMS

Companies are taking steps that go beyond previous geopolitical conflicts B2

People walk past a closed Apple reseller shop in Omsk, Russia, on Wednesday. The world’s largest technology companiesare taking extraordinary measures amid Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. ALEXEY MALGAVKO/REUTERS

[ UKRAINE ]

More than a dozen Canadian fundmanag-ers hold shares of Russian companies thathave been on Canada’s trading sanctionslist since 2015, but money managers maystruggle to find buyers as they now seekto eliminate their exposure to the roguenation.The asset management divisions of

several banks and two of Canada’s largestinsurers are among the fund managersthat have the Russian stocks in their mu-tual funds and exchange-traded funds. In-dependent fund giants AGF Investments,IGM Financial Inc., Fidelity Investments

Canada ULC and Vanguard InvestmentsCanada Inc. also hold Russian stocks intheir funds.No ETFs or mutual funds in Canada are

made up entirely of Russian stocks, butfund managers still have exposure to thecountry in their emerging markets funds,particularly those that concentrate onEastern Europe.The holdings include stocks in several

companies listed in Canada’s Special Eco-nomic Measures (Russia) Regulations, de-veloped in 2015 after Russia invaded Cri-mea in Ukraine.Managers also hold stock in Russian

companies that are not included underthe Canadian regulations.The 2015 regulations prohibited partici-

pation in new debt or equity financings ofmore than a dozen Russian companies,including large banks and energy compa-nies that trade on international stock ex-changes: Gazprom; Sberbank of Russia;Novatek; Rosneft Oil Co.; Transneft; Sur-gutneftegas; and VTB Bank.The financing regulations didn’t apply

to shares owned before the companieswere added to the list, meaning theCanadian investors could keep theirstakes after the restrictions were an-nounced.However, the widespread international

condemnation of Russia’s invasion of Uk-raine has made holding those stocks rep-utationally toxic, even if it is legal.

ASSETS, B8

Fund managers likely facing uphill battleto sell their shares in Russian companies

CLARE O’HARADAVID MILSTEAD

GOVERNANCE

Canada lags on womenin executive roles,global study says B3

FINANCIAL SERVICES

Laurentian Bank’s first-quarterprofit up on strengthof commercial loans B7

INVESTING

A realist’s guide to winnersand losers in coming waveof rate hikes B10

B2 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022| REPORT ON BUSINESS

Worries of global shortages as Russia in-tensifies its invasion of Ukraine promptedtraders to drive up the price of oil to newmultiyear highs on Wednesday whileEuropean prices for natural gas skyrocket-ed to record levels.The gains for oil came despite an agree-

ment by members of OPEC+ to boostshipments by another 400,000 barrels aday, in line with previous monthly in-creases.That development, as well an agree-

ment on Tuesday among members of theInternational Energy Agency to release 60million barrels of stockpiled crude, havefailed to constrain prices that were on therise even before Russia’s invasion ofUkraine.West Texas Intermediate crude jumped

7 per cent on Wednesday to settle atUS$110.60 a barrel. Global benchmarkBrent oil rose nearly 8 per cent toUS$112.93, its highest in nine years.While oil markets rally, natural gas

prices are reaching unprecedented levelsin Europe.European futures contracts for natural

gas soared to record highs on Wednesdayamid escalating uncertainty over theavailability of supplies from Russia. Pricesfor the benchmark Dutch contract for de-livery in April jumped 43 per cent.Commercial crude oil inventories are at

their lowest level since 2014, and pro-ducers have limited capacity to immedi-ately boost production. At the end of lastyear, Canada produced about 4.1 millionbarrels a day of oil and condensate,including about 3.1 million from the oilsands. Domestic producers have yet toannounce major capital spending plans toincrease output, despite the surge inprices.

The industry has little ability to boostsupplies for export in the short term, saidTim McMillan, president of the CanadianAssociation of Petroleum Producers.“As far as medium and long-term, we

need to build more infrastructure,” hesaid. “We’ve got one major oil pipelineunder construction today, we’ve got oneLNG facility under construction, and thatall of a sudden seems very inadequatecompared to the global need for democra-cies like Canada to fill a larger role in ba-lancing these energy markets.”The Trans Mountain oil pipeline ex-

pansion to the West Coast from Albertafaces major delay and a cost overrun.Shell-led LNG Canada is slated to ship liq-uified natural gas to Asia from Kitimat,B.C., starting in 2025 at the earliest.Western countries have imposed a host

of economic sanctions against Moscow,including freezing the Russian centralbank’s foreign-exchange assets and bar-ring several of the country’s banks fromthe global financial system’s primarymode of communication, known asSWIFT. But there has been no global boy-cott of Russian oil exports, which haverecently amounted to about 4.5 millionbarrels a day.So far, U.S. President Joe Biden and oth-

er world leaders have avoided that step,for fear that it could cause oil prices tospike and fuel runaway inflation in theircountries. However, the White House saidon Wednesday it is open to the idea ifRussian President Vladimir Putin intensi-fies his aggression against Ukraine.“It’s very much on the table, but we

need to weigh what all of the impacts willbe. We’re not trying to hurt ourselves.We’re trying to hurt President Putin andthe Russian economy,” White House spo-keswoman Jen Psaki told MSNBC.International economic sanctions that

are already in place against Russia arehaving a similar effect to an oil boycott,however. An informal “buyers’ strike”among jittery traders and oil transportersis keeping those exports off the market,Helima Croft, head of global commoditiesstrategy at RBC Dominion Securities, saidin a report to clients.Cargoes of Russia’s Urals crude oil were

offered at a deep discount but went un-sold on Wednesday, according to Bloom-berg.“While there are no explicit energy

sanctions yet, the current central banksanctions as well as the selective SWIFTaction is causing major risk aversion bykey market participants,” Ms. Croft wrote.“Moreover, there is also a growing viewthat these energy carve-outs will soonprove untenable as the Russian war strat-egy grows more gruesome and civilian ca-sualties climb.”On the natural gas side, a combination

of factors led to the spike in prices, in-cluding fears of Russia cutting back sharp-ly on supplies to Europe and the role ofsanctions on Russian banks disrupting fi-nancial transactions in the energy sector.There is also growing pressure within

Europe to wean itself away from Russiannatural gas and hopes for accelerating theshift toward renewable energy, said ClarkWilliams-Derry, an analyst with the Insti-tute for Energy Economics and FinancialAnalysis.“All of these things are creating what

you could call sort of a geopolitical riskpremium,” he said in an interview fromSeattle. “There is extreme uncertaintyabout how much natural gas is going tobe available in the near future and that isdriving up prices today.”Russia supplied an estimated 34 per

cent of Europe’s total consumption of nat-ural gas in 2020, accounting for 42 percent of Europe’s overall imports of thefuel.Canada could one day be a large expor-

ter of LNG, although after years of falsestarts by would-be developers it’s unclearhow many plants could get built in thenext half decade.Another question is whether they

would be best situated on the West Coastor East Coast. For example, it would in-directly help Europe if LNG is exportedfrom British Columbia to Asia becausethat frees up LNG supplies elsewhere inthe world. “It depends on how thingswork out, but there is Qatar natural gasheading towards Asia that could be shuf-fled out for Europe,” Mr. Williams-Derrysaid.

West Texas Intermediate crude jumped 7 per cent on Wednesday to settle at US$110.60 a barrel. Global benchmark Brent oil rosenearly 8 per cent to US$112.93, its highest in nine years. RICHARD CARSON/REUTERS

Oil and natural gas pricesclimb to new multiyear highson energy-supply fearsGains come despiteOPEC+ agreement to increaseshipments and IEA dealto release crude reserves

JEFFREY JONESBRENT JANG

The world’s largest technologycompanies are taking extraor-dinary measures amid Russia’sinvasion of Ukraine – far beyondany steps they have made in pre-vious geopolitical conflicts.Apple Inc. has halted the sale

of all products in Russia, takingdown Apple Pay services and re-stricting access to Kremlin-con-trolled news outlets such as RTand Sputnik. The U.S.-based techgiant has also stopped displayinglive-traffic features for AppleMaps, after a move by Googleparent Alphabet Inc. this weekto temporarily disable similarfunctions on Google Maps. Al-phabet said it took the action forthe safety of local Ukrainiancommunities.Space Exploration Technolo-

gies Corp. (SpaceX) has activa-ted satellite service in Ukrainethrough its Starlink system tosafeguard the country’s broad-band internet during the conflict.Microsoft Corp. said it is helping

protect Ukraine from cyber-attacks, disinformation cam-paigns and providing the coun-try with humanitarian assist-ance.At the same time, Meta Plat-

forms Inc. – which operates Face-book, WhatsApp and Instagram– said it has added new safetyfeatures such as locking ac-counts, labelling misinforma-tion, removing the ability to viewor search for friend lists, and de-moting posts that contain linksto Russian media websites.The moves were made after

Ukrainian leaders pleaded withthe companies late last week in aletter.“We need your support,” said

the letter written by UkrainianVice-PrimeMinister Mykhailo Fe-dorov, who shared it on Twitter.“Modern technology is perhapsthe best answer to the tanks,multiple rocket launchers andmissiles.”The blog posts and statements

that announced the new mea-sures from the trillion-dollarcompanies used language thatthey have previously shied away

from. Microsoft president BradSmith, for example, called theconflict “the tragic, unlawful andunjustified invasion of Ukraine.”“This has become both a ki-

netic and digital war, with horri-fying images from across Ukraineas well as less visible cyberat-tacks on computer networks andinternet-based disinformationcampaigns,” Mr. Smith wrote.It is a sharp contrast to the

“politically neutral, actor-agnos-tic” image that these internet-based corporations have main-tained over the course of the pastdecade, said Philip Mai, co-direc-tor of the Social Media Lab atRyerson University in Toronto.“Of course, it is up for debate

whether they were ever trulypolitically neutral,” he said. “Butthe fact is, this is something theyhave decided they are no longerbeing neutral about. And thatfrom them is quite the big shift.”The measures also raise ques-

tions about why the tech compa-nies have not taken initiatives orweighed in on other internation-al conflicts before, Prof. Mai said.“You start to wonder why they

chose to do something here. Wasit because we’re talking aboutwealthy, white nations and notAfghanistan, Syria or SouthAmerica?” he said.“They’ve now sort of lost any

high ground about where andhow they choose not to beinvolved in other geopoliticalsituations. When the dust hope-fully settles in Ukraine, what willthey do for other calls in othercountries?”Carmen Celestini, a postdocto-

ral fellow with The Disinforma-tion Project at Simon Fraser Uni-versity in British Columbia,agrees.“If combatting disinformation

or misinformation is whatthey’re saying they have takenthese steps for, well, that’s beenhappening for years and prolifer-ating in several other regions,”said Prof. Celestini, who is also aninstructor at the University ofWaterloo.Anatoliy Gruzd, a Toronto-

based Canada Research Chair inprivacy-preserving digital tech-nologies, is not surprised by thenew measures.

“There’s been a trend at techcompanies that has been dev-eloping quite clearly over the lastfew years, where we’ve seenthem publishing transparencyreports and calling out countriesthat run disinformationcampaigns on their platforms,”he said.“We’ve seen this for good

reason during the COVID-19pandemic. And we’ve also seenthis in China, where Big Tech hascertainly vocalized their stancebefore.”However, Katrina German,

chief executive officer of Saska-toon-based online strategies firmEthical Digital, believes the deci-sion was only based onmonetaryrationale.“Each company is obviously

trying to figure out what’s thebest approach for them individu-ally and I’m sure conversationson that are still taking placeabout whether these thingsshould be temporary or not.What ties them all togetherthough is that they’re still con-sidering their revenue first andforemost,” Ms. German said.

Big Tech’s response to Russia sets new precedent, experts say

TEMUR DURRANITECHNOLOGY REPORTER

Foreign investors are effectivelystuck with their holdings of Rus-sian stocks and ruble-denominat-ed bonds after the central bankput a temporary halt on pay-ments andmajor overseas’ settle-ment systems stopped acceptingRussian assets.Moscow is blocking foreign in-

vestors, who hold tens of billionsof dollars worth of Russian stocksand bonds, from exiting after itsinvasion of Ukraine triggered awaveofeconomic sanctionsandahemorrhage of assets.The Bank of Russia said on

Wednesday ithadbannedcouponpayments for foreign investorsholding ruble-denominated sov-ereign debt, known as OFZs, andRussian companies were alsobarred from paying dividends tooverseas shareholders. It did notsay how long the curbs, whichdon’t apply to local investors,would last.“Issuers are eligible to take de-

cisions on paying dividends andmaking payments on other secu-rities,” the central bank said in astatement. “But actual payments… towards foreign clients will notbe made. This applies to OFZs aswell.”Foreigners held around 3 tril-

lion rubles (US$28-billion) worthofOFZsoutofatotalmarketof 15.5trillion rubles, according to cen-tral bank data as of Feb. 1.The National Settlement De-

positary, the Russian system foroverseeing the sale of securities,saidseparately itwaslimitingpay-ment options on Russian securi-ties for foreign individuals andcompanies, as well as a right totransfer such assets, in line with acentral bank request.The world’s biggest settlement

systems, Euroclear and Clear-stream, are no longer acceptingRussian assets, effectively shut-ting off an exit route for overseasinvestors. Settlement systems area key part of the global financialsystem,holdingtrillionsofdollarsof assets for banks and investorsand settling deals on their behalf.Belgium-based Euroclear said

in a note onTuesday that theNSDhad blocked its accounts as a re-sult of the central bankmeasures.“To the extent legally permissi-

ble, you should wire out any re-maining long balances in rublesas soon as possible,” it said.Euroclear said it would imme-

diately disable its account at itsRussian correspondent bank,Dutch group ING.Clearstream also informed its

customers on Tuesday eveningthat theNSDhas blocked all secu-rities held on Clearstream Bank-ing’s FNHAccount.Foreigners held 19.7 trillion ru-

bles in Russian shares as of July, 1,or around a third of the totalmar-ket capitalization at that time.Moscow has kept the stock mar-ket shut this week to stem losses.The central bank also said on

Wednesday that Russian resi-dentscannolongermakeforeign-exchange transfers to foreignersunder loan agreements.

REUTERS

Russia stopspaymentsto foreigninvestorsholding stocks,ruble bonds

MOSCOW

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I B3REPORT ON BUSINESS |

Canada’s gender balance in theworkplace has improved but stilllags behind other developedcountries, according to a new in-ternational study, drawing atten-tion to the lack of robust and con-sistent legislation on the issue.The report from Amsterdam-

based gender research firm Equi-leap looks at 3,895 public compa-nies – eachwith aminimummar-ket cap of US$2-billion – amount-ing to 102 million employeesacross 23 countries. It gives coun-tries a score based on a variety offactors, including the size of thewage gap, women in leadershiproles and child-care leave.Canadian companies had an

average score of 39 per cent in

2021, up from 33 per cent the yearbefore. While Canada has consis-tently outperformed the UnitedStates by three or more percent-age points, it has consistently un-derperformed compared with anumber of countries includingBritain, at 48per cent, andAustra-lia, at 46 per cent.France topped the list, at 52 per

cent, followed by Spain with 50per cent. Of the countries mea-sured, Japan had the lowest scorewith 28 per cent.“We continue to see year-on-

year support progress when itcomes to gender equality of thecorporate sector, but it’s painfullyslow,” Equileap chief executiveDiana van Maasdijk said.Out of just 18 companies glob-

ally that have achieved genderbalance – defined as having be-tween 40 per cent and 60 per centwomen in their work force – justtwo are Canadian: National Bankof Canada and Choice PropertiesREIT. Out of the 100 highest scor-ing companies over all, Canadahad three: Canadian ImperialBank of Commerce ranking 40th,Royal Bank of Canada at 77th and

Bank of Montreal placing 78th.According to data submitted

by Canadian companies, the big-gest improvements were at theboard and executive levels, withonly modest improvement at thesenior management and broaderwork-force levels.Canada has a relatively high

percentage of companies thathavepublishedananti-sexual ha-rassment policy, and this has in-creased steadily since 2019 to 68per cent from 54 per cent – higherthan the U.S., Britain and Aus-tralia.Yet only 17 per cent of Cana-

dian companies publish gender-based pay information, up from 7per cent in 2019. That’s far behindBritain, where three-quarters ofreporting companies shared em-ployee wage statistics.According toMs. vanMaasdijk,

one reasonwhyCanada is not im-proving more quickly is becauseof a lack of legislation.“Although Canada has a Prime

Minister who has been very vocalabout gender equality for a longtime, it doesn’t seem like that hastranslated into regulation,” she

said. She points to some coun-tries, such as theNetherlands andFrance, which have recently im-plementedpolicies requiring thatup to half of a corporate boardmust be female.Others note that while legisla-

tion is important, it’s just one toolthat can be used to increase gen-der equality in the workplace.“It’s also about things like or-

ganizational priority, and leader-ship and internal policies andpractices and regulations and re-quirements within organiza-tions,” said Andrea Gunraj, vice-president of public engagementat the Canadian Women’s Foun-dation, who was not surprisedthat Canada was “not doing aswell as I think we want to.”Some legislation does exist in

Canada. Last year, Ottawa passedthe Pay Equity Act, which re-quires federally regulated work-places with 100 employees ormore to disclose wage-gap datafor women, Indigenous people,persons with disabilities andmembers of visible minorities.Ms. Gunraj said while it waslong-awaited, the act doesn’t go

far enough.“It only applies to the federally

regulated sector, so it has its limi-tations there,” she said.She noted that while legisla-

tion can be powerful, ensuring itis consistent – and thereforemea-surable – is important. Harass-ment and gender-based violenceare addressed in provincial andterritorial labour laws but are in-consistent across sectors and re-gions, making it difficult to un-derstand legislation might behelping. Meanwhile, intersec-tional studieswould likely showamore unbalanced story, she said.“When you’re looking at it

from the perspective of Blackwomen, Indigenous women andwomen with disabilities, we’reseeing the numbers really justplummet.”Equileap sells the data it col-

lects to investment managersthat create gender-based fundsdetermined by the companyrankings. Ms. van Maasdijk saidthe assets under management ingender-lens funds has risen toUS$6-billion, up from justUS$600-million 10 years ago.

Canada lags on workplace gender parity, study findsCountry saw slightimprovement last yearcompared with 2020,but still falls behindothers, including U.K.

IRENE GALEA

Members of Parliament pressedexecutives at Rogers Communi-cations Inc. about the company’sassertions that the $26-billiontakeover of Shaw Communica-tions Inc. will have no impact onlocal news.During a House of Commons

committee on Canadian heritageWednesday, Lisa Hepfner, a Liber-al MP and former journalist,askedhowthetelecomandmediagiant can be certain that localnews won’t be affected by thedeal. Ms. Hepfner noted that inthepast,mergershave ledtonewsstations being shut down in spiteof similar promises.

Colette Watson, president ofRogers Sports & Media, said theonly impact of the takeover onlocal news is that annual pay-ments from Shaw to Corus’sGlobal News television networkwould stop.“Shaw does not own any local

televisionor radio stations,whichmeans the transactionwill not re-sult in any further consolidationwithinCanada’s televisionandra-dio industries, nor will it reducecompetition,” Ms. Watson said.The change,Ms.Watson said, is

that Corus Entertainment Inc.’sGlobal News will no longer be af-filiated with Shaw. (AlthoughShaw sold its 38-per-cent stake inCorus in 2019, the Canadian Ra-dio-television and Telecommuni-cations Commission considers

the twocompanies tobeaffiliatedbecause they are both controlledby the Shaw family.)The CRTC requires broadcast

distributors – companies that de-liver television channels throughcable, satellite or internet proto-col networks – to contribute 5 percent of their broadcasting reve-nues to local news and Canadiancontent. To fulfill part of its obli-gation, Shaw pays roughly $12-million a year to Corus, the televi-sion and radio-station owner itspun out as an independent enti-ty in 1999.Rogershas said that if its acqui-

sitionof Shawgoes forward, itwillredirect that funding to itsownlo-calnewschannels.Rogersowns54radio stations, 7 Citytv stations, 5OMNI television services and 30

community TV channels, Ms.Watsonsaid, adding that thecom-panyplans toadd43netnew jour-nalism jobs post-merger.Corus previously said in a filing

to the CRTC that the takeovercould have a “detrimental impacton local news production and de-livery, including in markets suchas Kelowna, Lethbridge, Saska-toon,Regina,Peterborough,King-ston, Saint John and Halifax,where Corus operates local sta-tionsbutRogersdoesnot.”Asare-sult, Corus has called on theCRTCto revisit how it allocates fundingto local news providers.Conservative MP Kevin Waugh

accused Rogers of “cherry pick-ing” major markets such as Van-couver and Calgary for news cov-eragewhile ignoring smaller ones

such as Lethbridge, Alta.; Kelow-na, B.C.; Regina and Saskatoon.Ms.Watson said Global News is

a “top station” inWestern Canadawith a news budget nearly $100-million a year higher thanCitytv’s.“The long-term viability of lo-

calnews is indeed inquestion,butthis transaction isnot responsiblefor that reality,” Ms. Watson said.She called on the government toamend the Broadcasting Act andtoexpand theexisting journalismtax credit regime to broadcasters.The government has introducedBillC-11,whichaims tomodernizethe Broadcasting Act by regulat-ing online streaming platforms.Rogers has said it expects the

deal to close during the secondquarter of this year.

Executives from Rogers questioned on how Shaw merger would affect local news

ALEXANDRA POSADZKITELECOM REPORTER

B4 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022| REPORT ON BUSINESS

DILBERT

The Bank of Canada’s decision toraise interest rates onWednesdayis not expected to cool the coun-try’s frenzied real estate market,with homebuyers still able to getcheap mortgages to compete forproperties.Economists said it will take

multiple interest rate increases –not just Wednesday’s 25-basis-point increase to 0.5 per cent –before borrowing costs risemeaningfully. (A basis point isone-hundredth of a percentagepoint.)“I don’t think 25 basis points

alonewould havemuch of an im-pact on the housing market. Itwill take a series of rate increasesto achieve that,” said Jean-Fran-çois Perrault, chief economistwith Bank of Nova Scotia.Bank of Montreal chief econo-

mist Douglas Porter said it is un-likely that Wednesday’s rate hikewill have any significant impacton a housing market with asmuchmomentum as Canada’s. “Isuspect rate hikes would reallybegin to bite when we get to 100basis points,” he said.The rate was raised as home

prices continue to hit recordhighs month after month. In theToronto region, the country’slargest real estate market, thetypical home price jumped$354,000, or 36 per cent, to$1,340,000 in the 12 months toFebruary, according to the localreal estate board. In the Vancouv-er region, the typical home pricewas up 21 per cent year-over-yearto $1,313,400, according to the lo-cal board.Since the COVID-19 pandemic

started, home prices haveclimbed at a record pace, withhomebuyers looking for roomyproperties in the suburbs andsmaller cities where home pricesare somewhat cheaper.Over the past two years, the

typical price of a home in Canadais up 48 per cent to $836,300, ac-

cording to the Canadian Real Es-tate Association’s home price in-dex, with less populated areas,such as Cambridge, Ont., Halifaxand Chilliwack, B.C., unaccus-tomed to dealing with unrelent-ing competition.“It’s very desperate here,” said

Kelli Tynes-Harrington, realtorwith Royal LePage Atlantic whohas sold homes in the Halifaxarea for nearly two decades.Ms. Tynes-Harrington does not

think an incremental increase ininterest rates will deter buyers.She said for most of the pandem-ic, there have been multiple bidson every property. That kind ofcompetition was unheard of pri-or to the start of the pandemic.“There’s so many buyers out

there that are frustrated with justthe lack of inventory,” she said.“Many are just struggling to evenfind something.”

In announcing its decision toraise the overnight lending rate,the Bank of Canada pointed toRussia’s invasion of Ukraine as amajor new source of uncertainty,in addition to continuing prob-lems caused by the pandemic.However, with the Canadianeconomy continuing to grow andinflation soaring well above thecentral bank’s target of 2 per cent,the bank’s governing council saidit expects interest rates will needto rise further.The central bank did not indi-

cate when it would raise ratesagain. It mentioned housing onlyonce in its Wednesday press re-lease, saying “activity ismore ele-vated, adding further pressure tohouse prices.”Scotiabank’s chief economist

Mr. Perrault said “it isn’t incon-ceivable that a first rate hikemight actually add topressures inthe market as homebuyers rushinto buying ahead of even higher

interest rates down the line.”Frances Hinojosa, mortgage

broker and president of Tribe Fi-nancial Group, agreed, sayingWednesday’s rate hike will likelyhave a “psychological impact”and “cause buyers to rush intothe market.”The rapid rise in home prices

has motivated would-be buyersto quickly make offers for fear ofgetting priced out of the market.Now, prospective buyers are rac-ing tomake their purchase beforemortgages get more expensive.That was the case for Sarah Grantand her husband. Formost of lastyear, they were looking to buy abigger property in Toronto fortheir family of four.Ms. Grant said they felt pres-

sure to buy before interest ratesincreased and ended up forgoingToronto and buying a house inKelowna, B.C., without viewingthe property in person. “It wasdefinitely one factor that was onour mind when we acted quick-ly,” she said.Although fixed mortgage rates

are higher than they were lastyear, they are still near historiclows. Wednesday’s change willnot affect homeowners who arealready locked into a fixed-ratemortgage. If a borrower has a var-iable-ratemortgage, which is typ-ically pegged to the Bank of Cana-da’s overnight rate, a higher shareof their payments will go towardpaying interest instead of theprincipal.Within hours of the announce-

ment, most of the country’slargest banks raised their primelending rate by 25 basis points to2.7 per cent, effective Thursday.The higher prime rate will bumpup borrowing costs on variable-rate mortgages, home equitylines of credit and other lines ofcredit.The last time theBankof Cana-

da embarked on a series of rateincreases was after the 2016 realestate boom in Toronto and Van-couver. Over the subsequent twoyears, the central bank raised theovernight rate five times to 1.75per cent from 0.75 per cent. Thehigher borrowing costs, com-bined with tougher mortgagequalification rules and foreignbuyer taxes, helped to calm themarket frenzy in Toronto andVancouver.

Over the past two years, the typical price of a home in Canada is up 48 per cent to $836,300, according to theCanadian Real Estate Association’s home price index. JEFF MCINTOSH/THE CANADIAN PRESS

Canada will need morerate increases to coolhousing frenzy: expertsThe 25-basis-pointincrease comes as homeprices hit record highsmonth after month

RACHELLE YOUNGLAIREAL ESTATE REPORTER

Frances Hinojosa,mortgage broker andpresident of Tribe

Financial Group, saidWednesday’s rate hike

will likely have a‘psychological impact’and ‘cause buyers torush into the market.’

Today, Mr. Macklem and Ms. Rogers face inflation of 5.1 percent, a three-decade high – and it’s likely headed higher be-fore it turns lower. The Canadian economy has fully reco-vered from the COVID-19 recession much faster than thebank had anticipated. The combination has made rate hikesboth inevitable and essential – not just the single increaseannounced Wednesday, but, in all likelihood, a series of in-creases over the next year or more.And, frankly, it looks as if the Bank of Canada arrived late

to its own party.Earlier this week, Statistics Canada reported that real

gross domestic product surged at a 6.7-per-cent annualizedpace in the fourth quarter of 2021, well ahead of the bank’sestimate. The figures showed that the economy had fullyrecovered its pandemic losses as of roughly three monthsago. Preliminary January data indicate that the economycontinued to grow even as the Omicron variant of the CO-VID-19 virus forced a new round of shutdowns and restric-tions.In the bank’s statement accompanying the rate decision,

it acknowledged that the stronger-than-expected growth“confirms its view that economic slack has been absorbed.”The bank began hinting in mid-December that there was

little if any slack remaining in the economy. It stated flat-outin its January rate decision that “a broad set of measures arenow indicating that economic slack is absorbed.” Its state-mentWednesday – that the GDP data confirmwhat the bankhad already concluded five weeks ago – is about as close asyoumay ever see to a central bank acknowledging that it hasgotten itself a little behind the curve on starting to raiserates.And yet there remains some hesitance in Wednesday’s

decision. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has thrown a wholeset of new and fast-changing variables into the mix.The conflict already looks like the driver of still more in-

flation: Uncertainty over the security of oil and natural gassupplies from Russia have sent crude prices skyrocketingmore than 20 per cent since last Friday. On the other hand, ifsupply interruptions and shortages were to occur in Europe,the implication is certainly negative for output, businessconfidence, consumption and investment – it would be amajor drag on global growth.And yet, higher oil and gas prices are a boon for Canada’s

energy sector, generating increased income and, perhaps,creating a powerful impetus for new investment in the sec-tor. The surging energy prices also improve the country’sterms of trade – which would be supportive of a strongerdollar, offsetting at least some of those inflation pressures byeasing the cost of imports.Obviously, a serious escalation of the conflict would be

overwhelmingly negative for the global economic outlook,in addition to being a human tragedy. That would put cen-tral banks, here and elsewhere, in a very different place thanthey were a week ago.The fact that the Bank of Canada went ahead with its rate

hike is an indication that its thinking hasn’t strayed too fartoward such bad-case scenarios. Nevertheless, at this still-early stage of the invasion, the uncertainty surrounding allof this may have been enough for it to pull its policy punch.This was most noticeable in its decision to hold the line

on the other pillar of its pandemic policy: its quantitativeeasing program, under which it has purchased hundreds ofbillions of dollars in government bonds over the past twoyears. The bank had been hinting that itmight start reducingthose bond holdings in conjunction with the beginning ofrate hikes, but Wednesday’s announcement indicated thatthe bank is still just thinking about it, with no update on thepotential timeline. Given the actions taken by Western alliesto freeze Russian assets, cut off its central bank and block itsaccess to global payment systems, this may have seemedlike an inopportune time to alter the Bank of Canada’s termsof engagement in a key segment of the bond market.We’ll get a clearer sense Thursday of just how much the

uncertainty has weighed on the bank’s thinking, when Mr.Macklemprovides the bank’s postdecision economic updatespeech, followed by a news conference and an appearancebefore the House of Commons finance committee. But it’scertain the Ukraine crisis has put a new set a variables in thebank’s interest rate path. Whether it alters the course will bea burning question as the situation evolves.

Parkinson: Ukraineconflict looks like driverof still more inflation

FROM B1

Toronto’s Constellation Software Inc. says a subsidiary willspend US$700-million in cash and stock to buy a suite ofmedical-records software from Chicago-based AllscriptsHealthcare Solutions Inc.The acquisition includes Allscripts’ business segments

that focus onhospitals and larger physicianpractices, includ-ing software for record-keeping, billing, workflow improve-ment and regulatory compliance.The purchase is being made by Constellation subsidiary

N. Harris Computer Corp., an acquisitions-focused companythat buys software serving public-sector, health care, utilityand other organizations. Harris and its portfolio businessesemploy more than 6,000 people, and it already has morethan 20 health care software companies in its holdings.Constellation is one of Canada’smost valuable technology

companies, with a market capitalization of more than $45-billion. Chief executive officer Mark Leonard said in a share-holder letter last year that the company was interested inmaking larger acquisitions with its excess cash.The companies said late Thursday that Constellation

would pay for the acquisition with US$670-million in cashupon closing and an additional $30-million considerationbased on the new division’s performance over two years.They expect the transaction to close in the second quarter.Constellation spent US$1.2-billion in cash on acquisitions

in 2021, though the company said in itsmost recent financialstatements that the majority of its purchases were companyshares and assets. But it did report buying software compa-nies in a number of markets, including insurance, healthcare, mining and financial services.The company said last month that it brought in US$1.38-

billion in revenue in its most recent quarter, which ended inDecember. It reported a profit of US$145-million, or US$5.86per share.Harris is one of six business lines within Constellation,

which the company says “operate essentially as mini Con-stellations, conglomerates of small vertical market softwarecompanies with similar economic characteristics.”

Constellation subsidiaryto buy medical-recordssoftware suitefor $700-million

JOSH O’KANETECHNOLOGY REPORTER

FRANKFURT Euro-zone inflationsoared to another record highlast month, intensifying a policydilemma for the EuropeanCentral Bank, which will needto convey a sense of calm amidwar-related market turmoil butalso respond to mounting pricepressures.Inflation in the 19 countries

sharing the euro accelerated to

5.8 per cent from 5.1 per cent inJanuary, the highest figure inthe bloc’s two decades, beatingexpectations for 5.4 per centand also confounding the ECB’sown projection for a drop, datafrom Eurostat showed onWednesday.A 32-per-cent jump in energy

costs drove inflation last monthbut unprocessed food prices

were also up sharply, rising 6.1per cent and making inflationespecially painful for lower-income families.But the ECB’s chief economist

Philip Lane called for “tolerat-ing a temporary increase in theinflation rate,” which wascaused by a shock in the supplyof fuel and other goods.REUTERS

ECB’S POLICY DILEMMA INTENSIFIES AS EURO-ZONE INFLATION REACHES RECORD HIGH

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I B5REPORT ON BUSINESS |

Since the fall of the SovietUnion, investors have en-joyed decades of global eco-

nomic stability in which militaryconflicts and foreign diplomacyplayed a diminished role in themovements of markets.But Russia’s invasion of Uk-

raine is the most overt sign of arecent change in that dynamic asincreased jostling among power-ful countries will have sweepingconsequences for investors.The largest military conflict in

Europe since the Second WorldWar – combined with simmeringtensions between the UnitedStates and China – has investorswatching shifts in internationalpower dynamics more closelythan they have in a long time.“There has been more global

geopolitical tension now for thelast several years – frictions be-tween China and the rest of theworld, China and the U.S. in par-ticular, are not going away,” saidDaniel Ivascyn, the chief invest-ment officer at PIMCO, a fundmanager that oversees US$2.2-trillion in assets. “This Russia sit-uation further complicates someof these broad global relation-ships, and it absolutely is an in-creased topic of conversationwith our investors.”Financial markets have long

been sensitive to geopoliticalevents – elections, supply disrup-tions and trade tensions – thatcanmove prices. And in just a fewdays, the invasion of Ukraine hasprompted a series of economicmanoeuvres that can quicklytransform theway countries raisemoney,where theybuy rawmate-rials andwithwhomtheydobusi-ness.

TheU.S. and its European alliessaid they would freeze any Rus-sian central bank assets held byU.S. financial institutions, mak-ing it harder for the central bankto support the ruble. Fresh sanc-tions have essentially barredsome Russian banks from inter-national transactions. British oilgiant BP said it would “exit” its al-most 20-per-cent stake in Ros-neft, the Russian state-controlledoil company, which was valued atUS$14-billion last year. And Nor-way’s sovereign wealth fund, theworld’s largest, said it would div-est itself of its Russian invest-ments.These and othermoves – along

with Russia’s status as theworld’sthird-largest oil producer, behindthe U.S. and Saudi Arabia – haveshaken up markets around theworld. Commodities traders arefiguring out how to reroute theglobal flow of oil, natural gas,metals and grains. And stocktraders who already faced uncer-tainty as governments and cen-tral banks grappled with the fal-lout from the pandemic nowmust deal with an armed conflictthat could hamper any businessthat relies on those materials.OnTuesday, the S&P 500 fell 1.6

per cent, the latest in a series ofrapid swings and a drop to start

March after two consecutivedown months. Oil prices rosesharply, with Brent crude tradingat more than US$106 a barrel, asmore than two dozen countriesannounced plans to releaseemergency reserves.Jason Schenker, president of

Prestige Economics, a forecasterin Austin, Tex., described the re-vival of tensions between West-ern countries and Russia as a sec-ond Cold War.“There’s this competition for

global influence and global pow-er, but now the stakes have beenraised,” Mr. Schenker said. “Wemight be in for a protracted battleof sanctions and soft-power di-plomacy. And we could see cas-cading risksof furthermilitary ac-tion.”That risk was clear Tuesday

when former prime ministerDmitry Medvedev of Russiawarned that economic wars“quite often turned into realones,” prompting the French Fi-nance Minister, Bruno Le Maire,to backpedal from an earlierstatement that Europe was readyfor “total economic and financialwar against Russia.” Mr. Le Mairesaidhis use of theword “war” hadbeen inappropriate.Although the incursion into

Ukraine is a tangible andovert ex-

ample of the way geopoliticalevents are increasingly affectingmarkets, the shift was alreadywell under way.Tensions have been escalating

between the U.S. and China, itslargest trading partner in goods,for years, most notably with thetrade war during former presi-dentDonald Trump’s administra-tion, which included tariffs on abroad swath of Chinese productsin 2018. But the jockeying hascontinued since then: Beijing hasmoved to rein in companies thatlist their shares in the U.S. whilealso giving Wall Street banks afreer hand to operate within itsborders, meaning that businessthat investors conduct there is onChinese terms.Russia’s attack on Ukraine and

themoves to isolate it could pushRussia even closer to China,which has been more circum-spect than other countries aboutthe offensive. It has also prompt-ed increased unease about Chi-na’s relationshipwithTaiwan, theself-governed island that isclaimed by Beijing. Althoughthere is no sign that an invasionof the island is imminent, Chinaregularly sendswarplanes towardTaiwan, and analysts have saidBeijing is making it clear that itwould not rule out military ac-tion to absorb the island.Taiwan plays a crucial role in

the global supply chain for semi-conductor chips that powerthings as diverse as iPhones andcars, and it is an important trad-ing partner with the U.S., whichimports billions of dollars in elec-trical machinery from the island.Any military move on Taiwan

would cause a seismic shift forthe global economy, and inves-tors and businesses are closelywatching the global economic ef-fects of the sanctions onRussia asa test case, said Karl Schamotta,chief market strategist at Corpay,a global payments company.The sanctions against Russia

resemble old-school capital con-trols, signalling a renewed wil-lingness by governments to useeconomic tools to achieve for-eign-policy aims, said Mr. Scha-

motta, who is based in Toronto.That may come as a shock tocompanies and traders who havebecome accustomed to movinghundreds of millions of dollarsacross borders quickly and easily.“There’s going to be sand put

into the gears of the global eco-nomic machine, on purpose,” hesaid. “Governments are going totry to slow how things moveacross borders and how muchmoney can move from one placeto the next, and that’s a com-pletely different world if you’re alargemultinational corporation –itmakes businessmuchmore dif-ficult.”Fighting, by itself, has not im-

peded the growth of financialmarkets. After the attacks of Sept.11, 2001, for example, the stockmarket stayed closed for fourdays and reopened to a sharp sell-off. But the effect was temporary,and equity markets marchedsteadily higher even as the U.S.waged wars in Iraq and Afghanis-tan in the decades that followed.Themost severe interruptionwasa financial, not military, crisis in2008.After analyzing the perform-

ance of the S&P 500 since 1945,UBS Global Wealth Managementfound that markets usually fellduring the first week of key mil-itary conflicts. But in 14 of 18cases, they rose within threemonths.Kristina Hooper, the chief

global market strategist at Inves-co, which manages US$1.6-tril-lion for clients including pensionfunds, insurance companies andindividual investors, said thefighting in Ukraine was moreworrisome because of its humantoll. She expected small gains forthe U.S. stock market this year,but for those gains to come withincreased volatility; geopoliticalconsiderations are only adding tothe cloudyconditionsalready fac-ing investors as the Federal Re-serveplans interest-rate increasesto tamp down inflation.“There’s an awful lot of uncer-

tainty out there,” she said.

NEW YORK TIMES NEWS SERVICE

Wary of a second Cold War, investors monitor global shiftsRussian invasion ofUkraine is the strongestsign yet that decades ofstability are coming toan end, with marketsfeeling the impact

LANANH NGUYEN

Stock traders, who already faced uncertainty as governments and centralbanks grappled with the fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic, now mustdeal with an armed conflict that could hamper any business that relies onoil, natural gas, metals and grains. BRENDAN McDERMID/REUTERS

B6 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022| REPORT ON BUSINESS

WestJet Group is buying Toronto-based Sunwing Airlines andSunwing Vacations, taking a big-ger step into the holiday tourmarket as the travel industrytries to rebuild two years into thepandemic.The takeover, announced

Wednesday, marks a new forayinto the airline business forOnex Corp., which bought Cal-gary-based WestJet for $3.5-bil-lion in 2019. The purchase pricefor the Sunwing deal, which re-quires government approval,was not disclosed. The compa-nies said the takeover could befinalized late this year.The heads of Sunwing and

WestJet said in a joint interviewthat the companies’ tour busi-nesses will be combined andheadquartered in Toronto, whileWestJet will run Sunwing Air-lines from its Calgary base. The

two brands will be marketedseparately.The deal comes as the airline

industry tries to rebound, twoyears after COVID-19 spurredgovernments to close bordersand caused demand to plum-met, leaving airlines with steepfinancial losses.There will be no job losses in

the planned takeover, said Alexisvon Hoensbroech, the chief ex-ecutive officer of WestJet, andStephen Hunter, Sunwing’s CEO,in the joint interview.Both airlines are hiring em-

ployees as demand for travel re-turns. WestJet has 8,490 on staff,down from its prepandemic lev-el of about 14,000, and flies 180planes. Sunwing employs 2,400with a fleet that ranges in sizefrom 40 to 10 depending on theseason.“We have a lot of staff [who]

have been here for a long time.So I have many sleepless nightsthinking about how we’re goingto get through this pandemic,”said Mr. Hunter, who will run thecombined tour division. “Notonly is it going to be okay be-cause, finally, our Prime Ministerhelped us out with his announ-cement a couple of weeks ago

[on looser COVID-19 testing rulesfor travellers], and sales havebeen tremendously good for ev-erybody across the sector. But ul-timately this marriage will meanmore jobs for Canadians.”Mr. Hunter said he is optimis-

tic the deal will receive regulato-ry approval, given that it com-bines complementary businesses– an airline with a strong pres-ence in Western Canada and atour operator that is mainlybased in Ontario and Quebec.Mr. Hoensbroech, who started

in the top job at WestJet twoweeks ago, said the deal will al-low WestJet to tap into a biggermarket of Canadians who wantto buy resort vacations in thewinter. “We are complementingeach other … in areas where weboth are weak,” he said.Sunwing was founded in 2002

by Mr. Hunter’s father, ColinHunter. German tourism and air-line company TUI Group owns49 per cent. The company alsoowns and operates 45 resorts inMexico and the Caribbean, sever-al tour providers, a luxury char-ter jet service and other vacationand hotel brands. Mr. Hunter andTUI become shareholders inWestJet while retaining owner-

Mr. Hunter had received a take-over offer from an unnamed suit-or. Around the same time, Mar-riott International took on themarketing for 19 of 44 Sunwingresorts in a deal spurred by thecollapse in travel caused by thepandemic.Sunwing has borrowed $227-

million from taxpayers under anemergency-loan program forlarge employers. The airline hasalso borrowed another $99-mil-lion from the federal govern-ment to repay customers whoseflights were cancelled during thepandemic.Mr. Hunter said the govern-

ment loans will be repaid whenthe deal closes.The Unifor union, which rep-

resents 452 Sunwing pilots and700 WestJet employees in cus-tomer service and baggage hand-ling, said the takeover will leadto more jobs. WestJet’s plan toraise capacity to some destina-tions, coupled with Sunwing’s in-tention to stop bolstering its fleetwith imported aircraft in thebusy months, will boost employ-ment, said Scott Doherty, a Uni-for executive.

With a report from Andrew Willis

ship of several hotels in the Ca-ribbean.WestJet is Canada’s second-

largest airline, behind Air Cana-da. The two companies com-mand 83 per cent of the domesticmarket and 88 per cent of inter-national airfares sold in Canada,according to Cirium, an aviationdata company. WestJet in 2021 ac-counted for 37 per cent of do-mestic seat sales and 18 per centof the international market.Sunwing has a 3-per-cent shareof sales to foreign destinations.WestJet’s airline combined

with Sunwing’s strong tour busi-ness would present a more for-midable competitor to Air Cana-da and its vacations division, aswell as Montreal-based Transat,which has a significant presencein the European tourism market.Airline takeovers in Canada

are reviewed by the CompetitionCommissioner and by TransportCanada, which report to theTransport Minister, who makesthe final ruling. Air Canada drop-ped its planned takeover ofTransat AT Inc. last year whenthe European regulator refusedto approve the deal.The deal comes a year after

The Globe and Mail reported that

WestJet set to buy vacation airline SunwingTakeover marks a newforay into the air-travelbusiness for Onex Corp.

ERIC ATKINSTRANSPORTATION REPORTER

He said Sunwing was looking atoptions for dealing with the sea-sonality of its business – its fleetgoes from 40 aircraft in the win-ter to 15 in the summer – beforethe pandemic burdened thecompany with debt. He said tap-ping the market reach and finan-cial strength of WestJet and par-ent Onex Corp. “helps get us overthis hump.”Sunwing’s financial challenges

mirror what is playing out forowners of hotels, restaurants,gyms, ski hills and all sorts ofother privately held businesseshit by the pandemic. If they sur-vived the past two years, they didso by slashing costs, burningthrough savings and borrowingmoney.Now these entrepreneurs – the

hospitality sector is dominatedby family-owned businesses –face the challenge of rebuildingtheir operations while payingdown debt.Sunwing’s owners are in the

fortunate position of having adeep-pocketed buyer. Other com-panies facing the same head-winds are going out of business.Toronto-based Sky Regional Air-lines Inc. shut down last March,ending a decade-long run.Mr. Hunter’s family and Sun-

wing minority shareholder TUIGroup, a German tour operatorwith a 49-per-cent stake, will takeWestJet shares in exchange fortheir business. The Hunter family

and TUI will continue to own acollection of 30 hotels in thetropics.Sunwing is a private company

but did disclose that it borrowed$227.1-million under a federalgovernment loan program anddrew an additional $99.6-millionfrom a credit facility. This was ex-pensive capital. The debt carried

a 5-per-cent interest rate, and Mr.Hunter said that, as a privatecompany, Sunwing was alsoforced to pay an additional 6 percent for credit insurance.“With or without this deal, we

were looking to repay that fi-nancing,” he said. “This will turnout to be a good investment forCanadian taxpayers.”

WestJet is unique amongCana-dian airlines for turning downgovernment funding during thepandemic, a decision that Mr.Hunter said made the Calgary-based airline a more attractivepartner. WestJet and Sunwing de-clined comment on the value ofthe transaction.Toronto-based Onex acquired

WestJet in 2019 for $5-billion, in-cluding assumed debt. Onex’s fi-nancial results, released last Fri-day, show it funded the takeoverwith US$980-million of equity. Ofthat total, US$196-million camefrom Onex, with the remaindercoming from its institutional in-vestor clients.Onex’s results show that, de-

spite the pandemic, the companyreceived US$3-million in cashdistributions from WestJet overthe past two years.WestJet chief executive Alexis

von Hoensbroech, who took thetop job less than two weeks agoafter serving as CEO at AustrianAirlines, said combining the twocompanies will be a win for con-sumers and will mean more jobsin Canada, “as you combineSunwing, a large tour operatorwith a small airline, with WestJet,a large airline that’s a small touroperator.”Once Sunwing joins the fold,

WestJet plans to expand a tourbusiness that was focused onFlorida, the Caribbean and Mex-ico to destinations the Calgary-based airline already serves, suchas Arizona, California, Hawaiiand Europe. WestJet’s advisers onthe transaction are investmentbank Barclays and law firmGoodmans LLP.The takeover requires regula-

tory approval – a process thathelped scuttle Air Canada’s pro-posed acquisition of Transat ATInc. last April – and is expected toclose by the end of the year.

Willis: Sunwing’s owners in fortunate position of having found deep-pocketed buyerFROM B1

Sunwing chief executive Stephen Hunter and his family, along with minority shareholder TUI Group – a Germantour operator with a 49-per-cent stake – will take WestJet shares in exchange for their business. The Hunterfamily and TUI will continue to own a collection of 30 hotels in the tropics. FRED LUM/THE GLOBE AND MAIL

[ WAR IN UKRAINE ]

A moment to reflect

A man uses his cellphone on Wednesday in Kyiv’s Dorohozhychi subway station,which has been turned into a bomb shelter

CHRIS MCGRATH/GETTY IMAGES

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Ford Motor Co. said on Wednes-day it will boost spending onelectric vehicles to US$50-billion,up from the previous US$30-bil-lion, through 2026 and run its EVunit separately from its legacycombustion-engine business, ina move aimed at catching indus-try leader Tesla Inc.The reorganization and addi-

tional investment come as chief

executive Jim Farley bets aggres-sively on the company’s electrifi-cation strategy.Mr. Farley said Ford plans to

build more than two million EVsin 2026, about one-third of its an-nual global production, with EVsrising to 50 per cent of its totalvolume by 2030.Ford shares closed up 8.4 per

cent at US$18.10 at the end oftrading Wednesday.The company does not expect

to make a profit on its EV busi-ness until the next-generationmodels begin production in 2025,according to chief financial offi-cer John Lawler.Reuters on Tuesday was first to

report that Ford planned toseparate its main vehicle effortsinto two separate businesses inorder to accelerate its electric-

vehicle efforts.Although the EV business,

named Ford Model e, will be sep-arated from the company’s inter-nal-combustion engine (ICE)unit, Ford Blue, the two divisionswill share technology and “bestpractices,” the automaker said.The two businesses, along

with commercial-vehicle unitFord Pro, will report separate fi-nancial results by 2023, it added.“We view the news positively

as it has strong industrial logic,and it will enable investors toseparately value the money-los-ing EV business,” Wells Fargoanalyst Colin Langan said in anote.Barclays auto analyst Brian

Johnson said in a note titled “Re-organization Not Restructuring”that Ford’s announcement sug-

gests it is “likely to accelerate itsprogress towards a BEV future –but not to a near-term spin.”Doug Field will lead Ford Mod-

el e’s product development aschief EV and digital systems offi-cer, and Lisa Drake will head EVindustrialization for the unit.Mr. Farley’s move stops short

of addressing calls from some in-vestors who have pushed Fordand General Motors Co. to spinoff their EV operations as a wayto extract the full value of thosebusinesses.Industry analysts, however,

said with Wednesday’s announ-cement, Ford would be settingthe table for a possible spinoff ofits EV unit down the road.Ford said it hoped to cut

structural costs of up to US$3-bil-lion in its ICE business, but did

not say if that effort wouldinvolve reducing head count. Mr.Farley also said the EV unit willneed to spend “billions” to se-cure critical raw materials forbatteries as EV volume ramps up.“We need the ICE business to

generate cash and the EV busi-ness to focus on innovation,” Mr.Farley said.Ford said it expects to spend

US$5-billion on EVs this year, atwofold rise over 2021. It is alsotargeting an adjusted earningsbefore interest and taxes (EBIT)margin of 10 per cent by 2026versus 8 per cent it hopes toachieve this year.

REUTERS

FORD (F)CLOSE: US$18.10, UP US$1.40

Ford details plans to run its EV unit separatelyU.S. automaker also saysit will boost spendingon electric vehicles,as CEO bets aggressivelyon new strategy

AISHWARYA NAIR

Laurentian Bank of Canada re-ported an increase in first-quarterprofits as it got a boost from sea-sonal commercial loans while itcontinues with efforts to revampits retail business.The Montreal-based bank said

Wednesday that profits of $55.5-million for thequarterending Jan.31, up from $44.8-million a yearago, were boosted in part by a$2.2-billion,or17percent, jumpincommercial loans.“Commercial banking remains

our growth engine, capital mar-kets provides a focused andaligned offering, and personalbanking is repositioning forgrowth,” said chief executive Ra-nia Llewellyn on an earnings call.Commercial loans were espe-

cially boosted by inventory fi-nancing, which grew by 39 percent from the fourth quarter.About half of the inventory fi-

nancing business is geared to rec-reation vehicle and marine sales,which were helped, especially onthe RV side, by better supplies inthe quarter.On the retail side, Laurentian is

in the midst of a major

turnaround plan. In December, itannounced a new partnershipwith Brim Financial on Visa cardsandbeforethat it launchedits firstdigital app,while it is also stream-lininghowithandles itsmortgagebusiness.Ms. Llewellyn said thebankhas

reduced credit-card issuing timefrom 25 days to instantaneous,while in the three months sincethe bank launched its app morethan25per centofonlinebankingcustomers have downloaded it.She said the bank is proactivelycallingcustomerswhohavemort-gages up for renewal as it looks toincrease its share ofmarket in thespace and that initial results are“encouraging.”The bank says its net income

amounted to $1.17 per dilutedshare for thequarterendedJan.31,up from96centsperdilutedsharein the same quarter a year earlier.Revenue totalled $257.5-mil-

lion for the quarter, up from$247.4-million for the firstquarterlast year.Laurentian says its provisions

for credit losses amounted to$9.4-million for the quarter, com-pared with $16.8-million a yearearlier as lower provisions on im-paired loans were partly offset by

higher provisions on performingloans.On an adjusted basis, Lauren-

tian says it earned $1.26 per dilut-ed share in its most recent quar-ter, up from an adjusted profit of$1.03perdilutedshareayearearli-er.Analysts on average had ex-

pected an adjusted profit of $1.20per share, according to financialmarkets data firm Refinitiv.ScotiabankanalystMenyGrau-

man said the bump from the sea-sonal inventory finance businesshelped the bank beat expecta-tions, but that the opposite trendcouldweighon thenext couple ofquarters when the recreational fi-nancing isexpectedtodip.Hesaidin a note that the bank’s start tothe year is encouraging but that itis still early days in Laurentian’sambitious transformation.“Overall,wecontinue toexpect

to see ongoing progress for Lau-rentian on the commercial loanfront, but we believe that chal-lenges in the retail business aremore formidable.”

THE CANADIAN PRESS

LAURENTIAN (LB)CLOSE: $43.58, UP $1.93

Laurentian Bank’s first-quarter profits upafter boost from commercial loans

IAN BICKIS

NEW YORK A mediator in Purdue Pharma’s bankruptcycase on Wednesday indicated an agreement was beingdrafted between the company’s owners and U.S. statespressing for more money to resolve allegations that theOxyContin maker fuelled the opioid epidemic.Members of the wealthy Sackler family, who own

Purdue Pharma, have been trying to reach an agreementwith eight states and the District of Columbia, after theyhad blocked a previous settlement that included aUS$4.3-billion cash payment.The Sacklers had proposed a settlement worth up to

US$6-billion in mediation, and most of the states hadagreed to settle on those terms, according to a reportfiled in February by mediator Shelley Chapman.Ms. Chapman reported on Wednesday she was uni-

laterally extending talks, which U.S. Bankruptcy JudgeRobert Drain allowed if she is actively involved in draft-ing terms.While neither Purdue nor the mediator offered any

details during a Wednesday court hearing, Justice Drainsaid he believed the mediation was proceeding as hopedafter “reading between the lines” of the latest report.To allow the mediation to progress, Justice Drain ex-

tended a litigation shield that protects the Sacklers frombeing sued for their alleged role in the opioid crisis untilMarch 23.The shield would have expired on March 3 if it was

not extended.While the mediation continues, Purdue is also trying

to revive its prior bankruptcy plan that was based on theUS$4.3-billion settlement.Purdue filed for Chapter 11 protection in September,

2019, after being hit with thousands of lawsuits claimingthat the company and members of the Sackler familyused deceptive marketing to fuel a nationwide opioidepidemic.REUTERS

PURDUE PHARMA MEDIATOR INDICATESSACKLER OPIOID DEAL HAS ENTERED FINAL STAGE

B8 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022| REPORT ON BUSINESS

Auto maker Ford Motor Co. sus-pended operations in Russia, andApple Inc. halted sales of iPhonesand other products while con-demning Russia’s invasion of Uk-raine. International shippers,such as Maersk, Hapag-Lloyd andMSC,havesuspendedbookings toand from Russia, as the countrybecomes increasingly shut out ofworld commerce.All of that is forcing Canadian

companies into a quick rethink oftheir commitment to Russia. Ifthey stay, they risk being on thewrong side of themoral line theirown government has drawn inthisconflict.Theymightalsohavetrouble supporting their Russianoperations given the bank con-trols or difficulties finding suppli-es to feed operations. But pullingout also comes with cost.“Truthfully, it’s hard to make

the case for staying inRussia rightnow,” said YanCimon, a specialistin international business andstrategy at Laval University’s de-partment of management.“Those companies who want tostay in Russia, or could benefitfrom staying, will find it reallyhard to take a break and assessthesituationandtry toput thede-cision off.”PerhapsnoCanadiancompany

has more at stake in the currentconflict than Magna. The Aurora,Ont.-based car-parts maker hassix manufacturing facilities androughly 2,500 employees in Rus-sia. The company’s 2020 annualreport said it had $120-million infixed assets in Russia and $345-million in sales from the country,about 1 per cent of the company’sglobal total.Magna said the Russian plants

make body, chassis, seating andexterior sections of vehicles, butdid not specify which car compa-ny the parts are for. Magna spo-keswoman Louise Colledge saidTuesday the plants are still run-ningandMagna ismonitoring the“very dynamic” situation.“We are liaising with our cus-

tomers and suppliers on a dailybasis inorder to review individualprograms – our focus is to main-tainbusiness continuity,”Ms. Col-ledge said in an e-mail.Joseph McCabe, president of

AutoForecast Solutions LLC, saidall foreign manufacturers with aRussian presence will be affectedby this conflict. He said he has nofirmconfirmationonhowsevere-ly Magna’s operations will be af-fected, but expected them to beevaluating temporary and per-manent changes to their supplychains. “This action by Russia hasput themunder a global lenswithcompanies now forced to consid-er if a full extraction from the ju-risdiction is warranted,” he said.At one time, Russiawas seen as

a breakthrough market for Mag-na.RussianoligarchOlegDeripas-ka bought US$1.54-billion inshares of the company in 2007and planned to run it with foun-der Frank Stronach. Mr. Stronachtold shareholders at the time thatbefore the investment, he soughtand received a meeting with Rus-sian President Vladimir Putin to

get his endorsement of the deal.Mr.Deripaska later soldhis sharesduring the financial crisis in 2008.Mr. Deripaska was placed on a

U.S. sanctions list in 2018 for histies to theKremlin.However, he isone of the few oligarchs to publi-cly break ranks with Mr. Putinover the invasion of Ukraine. OnSunday, Mr. Deripaska released astatement on the Telegrammess-aging app urging an end to thebloodshed.Earlier this week, Russia’s cen-

tral bank introduced new capitalcontrols that required companiesoperating in the country to ex-change80percentof their foreignearnings into rubles, to help propup the Russian currency. Magnadid not respond to questionsaboutwhether theywere affectedby the orders.Some companies have already

pressed pause on their Russianbusiness.Toronto-based miner Kinross

Gold Corp., whichhas operated inRussia formore than25years, saidlate Wednesday it is suspendingoperations at its Kupol mine aswell as all activities at its Udinskdevelopment project. Kupol, lo-cated in a remote area of Russia’sfar east, is the gold miner’s mostprofitable operation, bringing inUS$442-million in operatingearnings in 2021. The mine is alsoabigboost to theregion:Kinross’s2020 sustainability disclosurenotes the company made $190-million in payments to local gov-ernments and the mine contrib-uted between 15 per cent and 20per cent of the area’s gross do-mestic product.Kinross said in a statement it is

“deeply concerned about thetragic situation and the extent ofcasualties and destruction in Uk-raine and wishes to express itssympathy and support for thepeople who are suffering becauseof the conflict.” It said it is hopingfor a peaceful and diplomatic so-lution.McCain Foods Ltd., the Cana-

dian frozen French fry giant, be-gan constructing a potato proc-essing plant in 2020 in Russia’sTula oblast. The company said it

paused construction last weekand was re-evaluating the futureof the project. “A final decisionwill be taken in the coming days,”Charlie Angelakos, vice-presidentof global external affairs and sus-tainability, said in a statement.The company also donated$200,000 for relief efforts in Uk-raine.CanadaGoose,makerof luxury

parkas, said Wednesday it wouldsuspendall sales inRussiaanddo-nate $100,000 for humanitarianaid in Ukraine. “Canada Goose isdeeply concerned by the conflictunfolding in Ukraine. We standwith all of those who are impact-ed by the violence,” the companysaid in a statement.And100business leaderswrote

an open letter to the federal gov-ernmenturgingOttawa to stepupsanctionsonRussia andpledging,as business leaders, to unwindcommercial relationships withthe country. The signatories in-cluded John Chen, executivechairman of BlackBerry Ltd., andWalied Soliman, chair of NortonRose Fulbright Canada LLP.CCL Industries Inc. is another

Canadian company with oper-ations in Russia. The Toronto-based label maker has five facto-ries in Russia that employ 428people and manufacture labelsfor consumer packaging, phar-maceutical and food and bever-age companies, some for prod-ucts within Russia. The companysaid it brings in $70-million insales in the country, a small shareof its $5.7-billion in annual globalrevenue.“[These are] crazy times,” CCL

chief executive officer GeoffreyMartin said on a call last week todiscuss the company’s earnings.“On behalf of all those people, weknow perfectly well that none ofthemhad anything to dowith thesituation that’s unfolded in theUkraine, and they have our con-tinuing support.”At Couche-Tard, a similar con-

cern for its Russian-based em-ployees is playing out as it weighsits next move. The Laval, Que.-based company, which controlsthe Circle K chain, has 38 stores

and more than 320 employees inRussia, part of its global footprintof 14,200 outlets.“As our people are our number

one priority, we are following thesituation closely and continue tosupport our team members in-side and outside Russia,” saidCouche-Tard spokeswoman Jen-nifer Vincent. “At this point, wehavemadenoplans tochangeouroperations.”Restaurant Brands Interna-

tional Inc., a fast-food chain thatowns properties that include TimHortons, said it has 800 BurgerKing locations in Russia, all ofwhich are ownedandoperatedbylocal franchisees. The companysaid it had watched the attack onUkraine “with horror” and is in-sisting that its Russian franchi-sees abide by international sanc-tions, including those imposedbyCanada. The parent company’sstatement came after its masterfranchisee in the country toldRussian state-owned news agen-cy RIA Novosti that Burger Kingcontinues to operate in Russiaand plans to expand this year byopening more locations. BurgerKing Russia’s communicationsdirector told RIA the companyconsiders Russia a strategic mar-ket.Oil giant BP PLC, Russia’s big-

gest foreign investor, led theWest-ern-company exodus this pastweekend with its announcementthat it would abandon its stake inRussian oil giant Rosneft, a deci-sion that could cost it as much asUS$25-billion in writedowns. Ri-val Shell PLC followed, citing Rus-sia’s “senseless act of military ag-gression” as it cut ties with state-controlled Gazprom.Calfrac Well Services Ltd.,

which has yet to report full-year2021 results, said in its third-quar-ter report that its revenue from itsRussian operations in the firstnine months in 2021 was $94.1-million – 28 per cent higher thanin the first three quarters of 2020.The company had $745-million intotal revenue during those ninemonths of 2021. The companytold The Globe it had no com-ment on its Russian operations.

Meanwhile, a Russian busi-nessman has stepped down fromthe board of Buhler IndustriesInc., a Winnipeg-based farmequipment company. In a state-ment on Wednesday, Buhler saiditsboardhasacceptedKonstantinBabkin’s resignation as a director.He iswell-knownforpublicly sup-porting Mr. Putin.OtherCanadiancompaniesdo-

ing business in Russia could facemounting pressure to explaintheir stance on the country in thedays ahead, especially if they’retraded publicly.“We expect companies to act

prudently and diligently, as theyhave a fiduciary duty to do,” saidWillieGagnon, director ofQuebecinvestor-rights group Médac. Healsourgedcompanies to “paypar-ticular attention to their social re-sponsibility, beyond their legalobligations, in these tragic cir-cumstances.”Some companies have seen

their exposure to Russia shrinkover the years. BRP Inc., the Cana-dian maker of snowmobiles andwatercraft, has sold into Russiafor almost 30 years. BRP CEO JoséBoisjoli has travelled frequentlytoRussia in thepast toboost busi-ness, anddelegations fromRussiahave also travelled to Quebec tostudy how to replicate the prov-ince’s 35,000-kilometre networkof snowmobile trails.With a solid snowpack and an

enthusiasticbaseofcustomers forpower sports vehicles, Russia wasBRP’s third-largest market afterthe United States and Canada asof 2014. Its importance to BRP de-clined in the years afterward.Since the conflict in Crimea

and the international sanctionsthat followed, BRP sales in Russianowrepresent less than 5per centof total sales, said company spo-keswoman Biliana Necheva. Na-tional Bank analyst CameronDoerksen pegs it more preciselyat 1 per cent.Gordon Johnston, CEO of Ed-

monton-based engineering firmStantec Inc., told analysts askingabout its exposure to the Russiaregion inrecentdays that itpulledoutofUkraine late lastyearas ten-sions increased. It had aproject inUkraine but wrapped it up lastmonth after a meeting with itscustomers.OpSens Inc., a Quebec City

maker of fibre-optic sensors usedin the medical and oil and gas in-dustries, has sold some wares inRussia in the past and was eyeingthe country as a market to devel-op until the war began. Now, it’soff the radar completely, CEOLouis Laflamme said.“Even if the conflict disap-

peared tomorrowwithawaveof amagic wand, there will be a long-term impact for any prospectivebusiness for companies likeours,”Mr. Laflammesaid. “It’s justtoo risky and unpredictable. I’mnot a political expert but it’s 2022.I would have naively thought theworld was past a time when wesent tanks in to solve problems.”

With reports from David Milstead,Susan Krashinsky Robertson,Wendy Stueck, Brent Jang andReuters

Russia: Bank controls, supply disruptions could hinder companies that decide to stayFROM B1

Alimentation Couche-Tard, based in Laval, Que., and which controls the Circle K chain, has 38 stores and morethan 320 employees in Russia, part of its global footprint of 14,200 outlets. CHRISTINNE MUSCHI/REUTERS

To assess funds’ holdings, TheGlobe and Mail reviewed owner-ship records fromBloomberg andS&P Global Market Intelligence,including some records providedbyStand.earth, anenvironmentalactivist group that wants to callattention to how Canadian insti-tutions finance Russian oil andgas. It also received fund datafromresearch companyMorning-star.Caisse de dépôt et placement

du Québec, the only major Cana-dian pension fund with signifi-cant disclosed Russian holdings,said last week it sold more than$300-million worth of stock inRussian companies on the re-stricted list.Alberta Investment Manage-

ment Co. and British ColumbiaInvestment Management Corp.also said this week they wouldsell their Russian holdings, withBCI saying it would take time todispose of $107-million in Rus-sian stock, but trading in these se-curities has now ground to a halt,given international sanctions,trading restrictions and Russia’sban on foreigners selling Russiansecurities.Dozens of Canadian business

leaders signed an open letter tothe Canadian government thisweekpledging to “dowhatwe canto support you in isolating Rus-sian leadership by unwindingcommercial relationships anddivesting Russian holdings.” Ke-vinMcCreadie, chief executive of-ficer of AGF Management Ltd., is

the only signatorywho is an exec-utive at one of the fundmanagersin The Globe review.While some investment com-

panies say theywant to clear Rus-sian holdings off their books,many may find they can’t be-cause of a lack of potentialbuyers, trading halts on somestock exchanges, price declinesand uncertainty about whetherthe trades could be completed.According to data from Mor-

ningstar, 150 stock or bond fundsin Canada have some Russianholdings. All told, the holdingsequal $1.2-billion in stocks andnearly $1-billion in bonds.The Globe review also found

fund managers that owned somestocks of Russian companies onthe restricted list, including in-vestment armsofManulife Finan-cial Corp., Canadian ImperialBank of Commerce, Bank of NovaScotia and Bank of Montreal, aswell as international giants suchas HSBC, Fidelity and Vanguard.CIBC and BMO’s asset managershold shares of six companies onCanada’s 2015 restricted list, ac-cording to S&P Global Market In-telligence.When contacted by The Globe,

many managers of mutual fundsand ETFs said their Russian hold-ingswereminimal or very limitedcompared to their overall portfo-lios: Far less than 1 per cent, in allcases the companies specificallycited.Still, many Canadians have

been contacting wealth manag-ers to ensure their portfolios havezero Russian exposure. “They do

not want to aid Russia in any waywhatsoever,” said Charlie Spiring,founder of independent wealthmanager Wellington-Altus Finan-cial Inc. “Wedid a sweep to ensurewe had zero exposure.”Russian-share ownership,

while small, is still widespreadacross the Canadian fund indus-try.About one-third of the invest-

ment funds that hold Russian as-sets have 2 per cent or less of theirassets there, and just 20 have 5per cent or more. Only about twodozen track an index for their in-vestments, and the rest are ac-tively managed funds for whichthe investment companies havediscretion where to invest.HSBC’s BRIC Equity Fund In-

vestor Series – the “R” stands forRussia – had 22.6 per cent of itsportfolio in Russia as of Dec. 31,according to Morningstar, withGazprommaking up 6.3 per cent;Lukoil 5.4 per cent; and Sberbankjust over 5 per cent. According toMorningstar data, it’s the onlyCanadian fundwithmore than 10per cent of its holdings in Russia.In response to questions about

HSBC’s holdings of companies onCanada’s restrictions list, spokes-person Caroline Creighton said inan e-mailed statement: “HSBCcomplies with all internationalsanctions everywhere thatwe op-erate.” She did not provide anydetails on whether HSBC was go-ing to sell its Russian holdings.Mawer Investment Manage-

ment Ltd.’s emerging marketsfund, with 8.636 per cent of itsholdings in Russia, has the most

exposure of any fund managedby a Canadian parent company.Mawer declined to comment.Sberbank is one of the more

popular restricted Russian hold-ings among big investors world-wide. S&P Global Market Intelli-gence counts nine Canadian fundmanagersholding the shares asoftheir most recent disclosure re-ports.BMOspokesperson Jeff Roman

said in an e-mail that the bank’smutual funds and ETFs “do nothave significant exposure to theregion.” But the bank did not pro-vide answers onwhether it wouldsell its Russian holdings.Bank of Nova Scotia and CIBC

did not respond to The Globe’squestions on whether they wereconsidering divestment of Rus-sian assets.Manulife Financial Corp. has

several emerging markets fundsthat include Russian shares – aswell as an emergingmarkets East-ern Europe Fund that has fourcompanies on the Canadian re-strictions list among its top hold-ings.“We, and our sub-advisors,

manage assets on behalf of someclients where a relatively smallexposure to Russian companiesexists within the portfolios,”Manulife spokesperson CherylHolmes said in an e-mail. “We areaddressing directly any specificquestions or directives clientswithexposure toRussiamayhaveregarding exiting those posi-tions.”Manulife did not address

whether it is looking to sell the

Russian positions.Several of the fund companies

contacted by The Globe abouttheir Russian holdings said theyplan to sell as soon as practicable.AGF spokesperson Amanda

Marchment said in an e-mail theprocess is under way, and thecompany is “committed todivest-ing from Russian holdings in duecourse and as exchanges re-open.”ETF provider Horizons ETFs

Management (Canada) Inc. hasseveral emerging markets fundswith less than 2.2-per-cent expo-sure, but spokesperson JonathanMcGuire said the companywill belooking for “opportunities to po-tentially exit those positions,when possible.”Canadian asset managers with

investment funds that track anindex may also need co-oper-ation from the company that cre-ated and maintains that index.MSCI Inc., one of the world’s big-gest index managers, weightsRussia at 3.24 per cent of itsemerging market benchmarkand around 0.3 per cent in itsglobal benchmark.It is consulting with investors

about removing Russian securi-ties from its indices. Dimitris Me-las, MSCI’s head of index researchand chair of its index policy com-mittee, told Reuters onMonday itwould not make a lot of sense forthe index “to continue to includeRussian securities if our clientsand investors cannot transact inthe market.”

With a report from Tim Shufelt

Assets: 150 stock or bond funds in Canada have some Russian holdings, data showFROM B1

B10 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022

GLOBE INVESTOR

| REPORT ON BUSINESS

Lowest nationally available mortgage rates

TERM UNINSURED PROVIDER INSURED PROVIDER

1-year fixed 2.29% MCAP 2.09% True North2-year fixed 2.09% MCAP 1.99% True North3-year fixed 2.88% Scotia eHOME 2.59% True North4-year fixed 2.94% Alterna Bank 2.79% True North5-year fixed 2.94% HSBC 2.69% HSBC10-year fixed 3.34% HSBC 3.19% Nesto5-year variable 1.39% HSBC 0.99% HSBC5-year hybrid 2.17% HSBC 2.17% HSBCHELOC* 2.35% Tangerine n/a n/aSource: Robert McLister; data as of March 2.*Home equity line of credit

The first of multiple ratehikes from theBankof Can-ada is in the books and

banks have already boosted theirprime lending rates by 25 basispoints to 2.7 per cent.Now borrowers all want to

know the same thing – wheredoes this end?Canada, and the world, is in

largely uncharted territory. Notevenour central bankknowshowhigh prime rate could go, as itsoff-base forecasts clearly demon-strate.The bank does say, however,

that Canadians should feel confi-dent that runaway inflation is on-ly temporary – that it’ll get soar-ing prices under control. Thatmight lead one to think we won’tsee the roughly two percentagepoints of rate hikes that the mar-ket now expects.But as flawed asmarket expec-

tations may be, this is not thetime to ignore them–not if you’rea borrower living paycheque topaycheque anyway.Oil prices have exploded, remi-

niscent of 1970s oil shocks. Bar-ring a quick reversal, the Russianinvasion of Ukraine could precip-itate more and/or faster hikesfrom the Bank of Canada.And like surging interest rates,

soaring oil is also a recession pre-

cursor. Rate-hike cycles usuallyend in recessionanyway, let alonethose following commodity priceshocks.That’s why financial markets,

who are always forward-looking,are already pricing in an econom-ic slowdown. Bond-market deriv-atives now suggest Canada’s keylending rate could peak and turnlower within 24 to 36 months.

BE CAREFUL WITH ASSUMPTIONS

Expectations of a slowing futureeconomy don’t necessarily implya mild rate-hike cycle. Inflation is“nothing like we have had in dec-ades,” U.S. Federal Reserve chairJerome Powell said Wednesday.Indeed, it’s hazardous for any

mortgagor with a tight budgetand limited liquid assets to as-sumewewon’t seemore than 150bps of rate tightening. (There are100 basis points in a percentagepoint.)I like to say our central bankers

are firemenwho’ve arrived late toan inflation fire. After the 1973 oilshock, central banks also took toolong to tighten monetary policy.Inflation hit double-digits andthe prime rate just about dou-bled. The 1970s were a differentera with far less consumer lever-age (among other things), butwhile history may not repeat thistime, it could rhyme.The Fed’s Mr. Powell reminded

U.S. Congress onWednesday, “theeconomy evolves in unexpectedways.” He admitted he can’t call aturn in inflation with confidence,despite repeatedly assuring itwould be “transitory” in the early

stages of the pandemic recovery.So while some say even five

rate hikes this year is “aggres-sive,” know that it’s not. Not withinflation more than 150 per centabove target and climbing. Notwhen our central bank is playingcatch-up. Not as inflation expec-tations are surging along withcommodity prices. Not as warthreatens to disrupt supply fur-ther.It’s a reasonable bet that the

Bank of Canada will have to hikeenough to take us into recession,to bring this bout of inflation un-der control. Knowing that, Cana-da’s yield curve may well inverteither this year or next. Inversionoccurs when longer-term ratesfall below short-term rates andit’s a highly reliable recession sig-nal.Recessions ultimately result in

lower mortgage rates. That’s whywell-qualified borrowersshouldn’t overpay for a long-termfixed mortgage, despite the omi-nous inflation outlook.And that’s despite the risk of

stagflation. Stagflation occurswhen inflation surges and GDP

drops. To head off this nightmareeconomic scenario, our centralbank could potentially be forcedto hike more than the expected200 bps.Ultimately, however, high rates

and high price levels should beself-limiting. It just might take afew years.

FOR NOW …

Most people should avoid rush-ing into fixed rates materiallyabove 3 per cent, especially withlenders that have punitive pre-payment penalties. The outlookjust doesn’t justify it.I say “most” people because

mortgage term selection is firstand foremost about risk mitiga-tion. If you’re a mortgagor with atight budget, tentative employ-ment and/or few liquid assets,and/or you simply can’t handlethe threat of higher-than-expect-ed rates, bite the bullet and lockin at least someof yourmortgage.You don’t need to lock in all of

it and you don’t need to pick afive-year term. Hybrid mortgageslet you split borrowing between a

fixed and a variable rate. You canborrowhalf in a fixedandhalf in avariable, for as lowas 2.17 per centcombined (HSBC’s uninsuredrate).

A FEW LAST TIPS

Canada’s all-important five-year bond yield had its biggestplunge since 2011 thisweek. Somewill wait to see whether fixedrates – which are tied to the five-year bond yield – fall, but Iwouldn’t expect major improve-ment near-term.If you need to lock in within

thenext fourmonths, do it beforefive-year bond yields run back totheir February highs. (While wecould see a minor dip in somefixed rates, the five-year yield isstill on an uptrend.)If market projections prove

true – a loose assumption – ratesimulations suggest the mostcompetitive standard variablemortgage would result in less in-terest paid over five years thanlocking into today’s best five-yearfixed rate.Rates in the accompanying ta-

ble are as ofWednesday frompro-viders that advertise rates onlineand lend in at least nine prov-inces. Insured rates apply to thosebuying with less than a 20-per-cent down payment or thoseswitching a pre-existing insuredmortgage to a new lender. Unin-sured rates apply to refinancesand purchases over $1-millionandmay include applicable lend-er rate premiums. For providerswhose rates vary by province,their highest rate is shown.

The prime rate has started climbing. Where it stops, no one knows

ROBERTMcLISTER

OPINION

Interest rate analyst, mortgagestrategist and columnist

William Don Falconer of Vancouver did not claimCanada Emergency Response Benefit paymentsfor which hewasn’t eligible. Nor did hemake theeasy mistake of applying for the financial aid

twice,asmanyCanadiansunwittinglydidamidtheconfusionthat surrounded the rollout of the pandemic benefit in thespring of 2020.Andyet,Mr.Falconerrecentlydiscoveredheowes$2,000in

benefit overpayments.He is among an unspecified number of CERB recipients

who are being told they may have to paymoney back nearlytwo years after they received the benefit, all because of an ex-tra payment from Ottawa. Employment and Social Develop-ment Canada (ESDC) did not respond by deadline to a ques-tion about howmany Canadians are affected.The issue dates back to the early days of the CERB, when

Ottawadistributeda$2,000“advance”paymenttomanywhoapplied for thebenefit throughServiceCanadabefore June14,2020. The funds,whichwere inaddition to the regular benefitof $500 a week, represented a four-week advance of futurepaymentsandwereaneffort togetmoney intopeople’spock-ets as quickly as possible, the government said at the time.To puzzled applicants like Mr. Falconer, who wondered

why they were receiving more cash than expected, Ottawasaid not toworry. The advancewould be applied against a fu-ture claimperiod, ESDC,which operates Service Canada, saidback then.Aspromised,manyCanadianswho’d received theadvance

sawtheirCERBpayments interrupted laterontheir claim.Butfor those who were not entitled or did not collect paymentsfor a period of at least 20 weeks, some or all of the advance isnow an outstanding balance owing, according to ESDC.Mr. Falconer, who collected only six weeks of CERB before

going back to what was then his job as a hotel manager, isamong theCanadians forwhomOttawadidnot reconcile theadvance payment.“I don’t think that it’s wrong for the government to be ask-

ing for thismoney back,” he said. “It was great that they triedto get as much money into the hands of Canadians as theycould in a very uncertain time for a lot of people.”Over all, theOttawapaidout $81.6-billion inCERBandem-

ployment insurance to 8.9million recipients betweenMarch15 and Oct. 3, 2020.Mr.Falconersaidhealwayswonderedwhetherhe’dhaveto

give themoney back. But the news that he did still came as asurprise after he was able to file his 2020 taxes last year with-out issue, he added.ESDC said Service Canada began notifying Canadians who

still have a balance owing from the advance payment in No-vember, 2021. However, Mr. Falconer said he has yet to be for-mally notified. Instead, he said he found out about the issuewhen he recently logged into his online CRA account to filehis 2021 return. It was then that he noticed he had a $2,000balance under employment insurance. The Canada RevenueAgency collects EI overpayments on behalf of ESDC.EvenaftercallingbothServiceCanadaandtheCRA,Mr.Fal-

coner said he couldn’t get a clear answer on whether he willalso have to refile his 2020 return since he paid tax on the ad-vance CERB payment.Thegovernmentsays itwillnotchargepenaltiesor interest

on theCERBoverpaymentandwillworkwith taxpayers toes-tablish flexible repayment schedules if necessary.Mr. Falconer said he was offered a 10-month repayment

plan, although he added he doesn’t need it.“Itworkedoutwell formebecauseat the timeI reallyneed-

ed $2,000,” he said. Now, he says, returning that sum is “notgoing to be the end of the world.”ButMr.Falconerworriesabout low-incomeCanadianswho

might struggle to pay back themoney.ESDC said Canadians “will not be put into financial hard-

ship by having to repay emergency benefits they received.”A government backgrounder on the CERB overpayments

says communication from Service Canada will also outlineCanadians’ appeal rights.

Why some CERB recipientswho did everything rightmay still owe up to $2,000

ERICA ALINI

The new normal is rising in-terest rates.The first step up for rates

from the emergency low of thepandemic has been taken by theBankofCanadaandmore increas-es areahead.Here’s a realist’s takeon who’s better and worse off aswe adjust to the move away fromwhat could be the lowest borrow-ing costs we’ll see in our lives.

BETTER: HOME BUYERSAND OWNERS

You thought anything house-re-latedwouldbe listedon theworseside, right?Won’t rising rates hurtaffordability in amarket that is al-ready too expensive by virtuallyall rationalmeasures?Theansweris yes, let’s hope so.Price growth in the housing

market needs to cool down andhigher rates can help accomplishthis without overtly damagingthemarket. Housing is importantto the economy and a crash in thesector would undermine growthat this key moment of transition-ing away from pandemic restric-tions. Slower growth in houseprices, or even zero growth for awhile, is a win because it will helpfirst-timebuyers get into themar-ket, even as they face higher bor-rowing costs. Saving a down pay-ment isdemoralizingwhenpriceskeep rising by double-digitamounts over year-ago levels. Aquieter housing market is goodfor long-time owners as well be-cause it reduces the risk that pric-eswill rise to unsustainable levelsand then fall hard.

WORSE: HOUSEHOLDSSTRUGGLING TO COPEWITH INFLATION

Stubbornly high inflation is a bigreason why rates are rising rightnow – higher rates are supposedto cool demand for buying goodsand services. This cooling processtakes a while, though. In themeantime, we will have higher

costs for food, gas and other sta-ples, plus higher borrowing costs.We are entering a tough period

for households with big grocerybills, two vehicles to fuel up anddebts like a line of credit wherethe rate is directly influenced bythe Bank of Canada’s overnightrate. There will likely be furtherrate hikes in April and beyond,and inflation could be headedhigher if the Russian invasion ofUkraine keeps pushing up theprice of energy, grains and otherstaple commodities.

BETTER: PEOPLE WHORECENTLY TOOK OUTVARIABLE RATE MORTGAGES

Wait, doesn’t the interest rate onvariable rate mortgages rise alongwith the Bank of Canada’s over-night rate, whichwas increased by0.25of apointonWednesday?Cor-rect, but take a look at howmuchlowervariable-ratemortgagecostshave been lately in comparisonwith fixed-rate loans. Some of thebigmortgage brokerages had five-year variable rate mortgages aslow as 1.1 per cent this week, withfive-year fixed rate mortgages at2.79percent to2.99percent.Thereis room for the Bank of Canada toincrease the overnight rate by atleast 1.5 percentage points in totalwithout pushing the cost of a vari-able rate mortgage above the cur-rent fixed rate.

WORSE: PEOPLE WHO CHOSEFIXED RATE MORTGAGES ANDHAVE TO RENEW THIS YEAR ORNEXT

Discounted five-year fixed rate

mortgageswent for about 2.35 percent in early March, 2017, accord-ing to the Ratehub.ca historicalmortgage rate database. As notedabove, discounted five-year fixedrates today are close to half a per-centage point higher than thatright now.Rates on five-year fixed mort-

gages are influenced by five-yearbonds issued by the federal gov-ernment. Rates on these bondshave backed off lately because ofRussia’s invasion of Ukraine.Money flows into bonds in uncer-tain times, which has the effect ofpushing interest rates lower.But rates on bondswere on the

rise before the invasion and canbeexpected to start risingagainatsomepoint. Higher costs for fixedrate mortgages are likely in themonths again.

BETTER, BUT NOT REALLY:EVERYONE WHO HAS MONEYIN SAVINGS ACCOUNTS

The rising rate trendshould resultinbetter rates insavingsaccounts,but the improvementwill be neg-ligible. Prior to this week’s moveby the Bank of Canada, 1.25 percentwas a bigwin for peoplewithhigh-rate savings accounts. Withinflation running at 5.1 per cent,savers will be getting a negativereal rate of return for quite sometime to come. Rates will have torise a lot, and the inflation ratewill have to drop sharply.Savings accounts are still the

place to keep money you want tokeep safe, mind you. Do not trustthe stock or bond market rightnow with money you can’t affordto lose.

A realist’s guide towinners and losers in thewave of interest rate hikesWho’s better and worseoff as we move awayfrom what could be thelowest borrowing costswe’ll see in our lives

ROBCARRICK

OPINION

ISTOCK

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I B11

EYE ON EQUITIES DAVID LEEDER

AECON GROUP (ARE-TSX)CLOSE $15.91, DOWN $1.40

PEMBINA PIPELINE (PPL-TSX)CLOSE $45.25, UP $1.17

BANK OF MONTREAL (BMO-TSX)CLOSE $147.64, UP $2.97

BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA (BNS-TSX)CLOSE $93.19, UP $2.30

KINROSS GOLD (KGC-NYSE)CLOSE US$5.45, UP 26¢

While he sees the outlook for Ae-con Group Inc. remaining “gen-erally positive” after weaker-than-anticipated fourth-quarterfinancial results, National BankFinancial analyst Maxim Sytchevlowered his rating for its shares to“sector perform” from “outper-form” on Wednesday, citing a“muted” risk/reward profile andshare-price outperformance thusfar in 2022.Target: He cut his target for Ae-con shares to $18 from $21. Theconsensus on the Street is $21.81.

Saying it is now one of his “Top 3Best Ideas,” BMO Nesbitt Burnsanalyst Ben Pham raised Pembi-na Pipeline Corp.’s to “outper-form” from “market perform,”seeing its new joint venture withU.S. private equity firmKKR&Co.Inc.asa “positivevaluationmark-er” for its gas processing assets.Target: Also touting its “attrac-tive” valuation, he raised his tar-get to$50 from$43, exceeding the$46.09 consensus.

Citing a receding financing riskon its acquisition of Bank of theWest and “best-in-class” results,Scotia Capital’s Meny Graumanupgraded Bank of Montreal to“sector outperform” from “sectorperform” after Tuesday’s releaseof better-than-expected first-quarter earnings report. “Shareshave trailed the peer group sincerumours of a deal first madeheadlines,” he said.Target: His target rose to $169from $165. Consensus is $165.10.

After its results also topped theStreet’s expectations, NationalBank Financial analyst GabrielDechaine sees the biggest factorto revive investor sentiment to-wardBankofNovaScotiabeing arecovery of its international seg-ment. He said that focus “likelyovershadows a string of strongquarters from BNS’s domesticbusiness, with Q1/22’s results noexception.”Target: Mr. Dechaine raised histarget by $1 to $91, maintaining a“sector perform” rating. Consen-sus is $98.07.

With Kinross Gold Corp. beingthe sole North American goldproducer withmeaningful Russiaexposure, RBC’s Josh Wolfsonsees the current conflict in Uk-raine as “a key overhang forshares and at risk of impactingprior-outlined capital allocation.”“A prolonged valuation discountmay be justifiable from both arisk and ESG perspective,” hesaid.Target: Reiterating an “outper-form” rating, Mr. Wolfson cut histarget toUS$6 fromUS$6.50. Con-sensus is US$8.36.

WHAT ARE WE LOOKING FOR?

Profitable Canadian-listed com-panies exhibiting a history ofsteady fundamentals.

THE SCREEN

As the chaos continues in Uk-raine, the energy-heavy S&P/TSXComposite Index seems to lookrelatively unscathed, postingneutral or even positive returnsover the tradingdays after the ini-tial attack by Russia. As an inves-tor, however, it is difficult to ig-nore the flurry of news dominat-ing screens across the world. Forthose investors seeking a mea-sure of assurance amid uncer-tainty, today we use MorningstarCPMS to look for profitable, low-volatility stocks. To create thisstrategy, I started with rankingthe 707 stocks in our Canadiandatabase on the following metri-cs:Five- and 10-year standard de-

viation of earnings and return on

equity (a statistical measure ofvolatility, applied in this case tobottom-line earnings and profit-ability over the past five and 10years – lower figures preferred);Five-year standard deviation

of total returns (similar to above,but measuring the movement ina stock’s price);Five-year price beta (recall

that beta measures the historicalsensitivity of a stock relative to anindex. A stock with a beta of one

has historicallymoved in tandemwith an index in trending mar-kets. Here we prefer stocks withlower betas);Forward return on equity (us-

ing the current year’s median es-timate on earnings and dividingby the adjusted book value pershare).An additional screen was put

in place to remove companieswith a market capitalization ofless than $170-million, a figure

meant to exclude the bottomone-third of the universe by size.To qualify, companies must havemet or exceeded their latest ex-pected earnings estimate fromthe Street, as measured by earn-ings surprise.

WHAT WE FOUND

I usedMorningstar CPMS to back-test the strategy from January,2004, to January, 2022, assuming

an equallyweighted 15 stock port-folio with no more than threestocks for every economic sector.Once amonth, stocks were sold ifthey fell below the top 25 per centof the index based on the abovemetrics, if forward ROE turnednegative or if the company mis-sed earnings expectations bymore than 5 per cent. When sold,stocks were replaced with nextqualifying stock not already heldin the portfolio, considering theaforementioned sector limits.On this basis, the strategy pro-

duced an annualized total returnof 11.1 per cent, while the S&P/TSX Composite Total Return In-dex advanced 8.1 per cent. Overthis 18-year time frame, therewere 78 months where the indexposted negative returns. Of thesemonths, the strategy outper-formed the index 78 per cent ofthe time (61 of 78months) – note-worthy given the defensive na-ture of this strategy. The stocksthat meet requirements to bepurchased into the strategy todayare listed in the accompanying ta-ble.This article does not constitute

financial advice. Investors are en-couraged to conduct their ownindependent research before pur-chasing any of the investmentslisted here.

A low-volatility strategy for the jittery investorProfitable TSX-listed stocks with a history of lower volatility

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RECENTCLOSE

($)

1 Firm Capital Mortg. FC-T 471.5 2.6 2.5 0.3 0.5 22.5 0.9 8.6 1.7 6.6 9.1 14.082 Waste Connections WCN-T 41,242.7 4.4 9.3 0.7 0.6 20.0 0.7 14.2 0.0 0.7 28.5 160.273 Great-West Lifeco GWO-T 34,744.3 4.5 5.3 0.5 1.1 23.7 0.8 15.0 0.0 5.3 17.6 37.334 George Weston Ltd. WN-T 20,108.0 4.2 7.5 1.9 2.2 19.6 0.3 21.6 3.7 1.8 46.3 136.155 BCE Inc. BCE-T 60,948.5 4.1 4.9 2.1 2.6 17.6 0.3 16.5 0.0 5.5 28.3 67.056 TMX Group Ltd. X-T 7,210.3 4.1 6.6 0.6 3.3 21.5 0.6 10.7 0.0 2.6 8.3 128.97 Metro Inc. MRU-T 15,907.8 4.3 4.7 3.2 3.0 17.8 -0.1 14.2 0.0 1.7 26.9 66.038 COGECO Inc. CGO-T 1,112.7 3.2 5.6 1.7 1.8 26.9 0.3 19.2 0.0 3.2 -15.7 77.279 Loblaw Cos. Ltd. L-T 32,692.4 8.3 9.1 1.2 1.6 19.0 0.0 18.2 5.4 1.5 61.0 98.0210 Cdn. Utilities Ltd. CU-T 9,545.7 4.9 6.1 1.0 2.0 21.2 0.6 11.9 0.0 5.0 23.6 35.4411 TC Energy Corp. TRP-T 66,835.5 4.9 7.0 0.7 2.3 26.3 0.8 14.1 0.0 5.3 33.1 68.1312 Cdn. Nat'l Railway CNR-T 106,222.6 5.7 7.6 2.0 1.7 22.0 0.6 21.9 4.0 1.9 8.9 151.7913 Open Text Corp. OTEX-T 14,766.1 4.5 5.6 1.8 3.2 24.1 0.9 23.4 0.0 2.1 -4.1 54.4514 Atco Ltd. ACO-X-T 4,757.2 5.3 7.0 0.6 2.8 24.2 0.8 9.2 0.0 4.4 15.4 41.5915 Cogeco Comm. CCA-T 3,112.9 5.3 6.4 1.5 1.4 24.9 0.5 16.8 0.5 2.8 -10.8 100.8Source: Morningstar CPMS; data as of March 1.

IAN TAM

NUMBER CRUNCHER

CFA, director of investment researchfor Morningstar Canada

Salaries are set to becomemore common for financialadvisers in Canada, along

with entirely new forms of com-pensation as the investment in-dustry adjusts to a world withoutdeferred sales charges (DSCs).Regulators have banned sales

of mutual funds that penalize in-vestors for earlywithdrawals. Thenewrules takeeffectonJune1, fol-lowed one year later by the end ofsegregated funds containingDSCs.Proponents of DSCs argue

they’re necessary for younger ad-visers to cover their costs whilebuilding up their businesses and,morebroadly, foradvisers to justi-fy serving clients smaller ac-counts. Opponents claim that,aside from the potential forabuse, DSCs have effectivelykilled any incentive advisersmight have to modernize theircompensation structures.Now that DSCs will soon no

longer be an option, industry in-siders are bracing for big changes.For those who are newer to the

industry, DSCs would’ve helpedthem survive, says Maria JoseFlores, chief compliance officer atCarte Wealth Management Inc. inMississauga. “But now, the prob-lemthatwe’regoing tobe facing isthat nobody wants to serve ac-counts thatare less than$100,000because even if you charge a 1-per-cent fee, that’s nothing on amonth-to-month basis,” she says.“So, [advisers will] say it isn’tworth their time.”Advisers working at the big

bankswill likely see an “influx” of

clients who have smaller ac-counts from independent dealersas part of a broader “consolida-tion” once the DSC ban takes ef-fect because salaries tend tomakeup a much larger proportion ofthese advisers’ income, accordingto Ms. Flores.Bill Charles, chief executive of-

ficer of Global Maxfin Invest-ments Inc. inRichmondHill,Ont.,says DSC sales have been on thedecline for years as it became in-creasingly apparent that regula-tors were looking to end the prac-tice. His company’s DSC holdingshave dropped frommore than 20percentof itsoverallbookofbusi-ness a decade ago to roughly 5 percent today.Advisory firms will need to

come up with “creative ways” todeal with the impact of that de-cline on recruitment, includinggiving new advisers a more “pre-dictable income while buildingtheir business up to a certain lev-el,” Mr. Charles says.“There are lots of things that

firms can do,” he says, “but bring-ing in younger advisers into thebusiness is going tobea challengethe industry has to address.”Some experienced advisers are

adopting an apprenticeship-likemodel in which they bring inyounger advisers with titles suchas “associate” or “junior adviser”in order to provide the same typeof hands-on training and stableincome that newer advisers usedto get from DSCs, he adds.

HOW TO WORK WITHOUTCOMMISSIONS

As for serving smaller accounts ineconomical ways without DSCs,other countries such as Australia,

Britain, the Netherlands andSouth Africa, which have allbanned sales commissions paidto advisers, offer case studies onhow it can be done.“This bridge has already been

crossed by every other countrythat has a financial advisory in-dustry,” says Jason Pereira, part-ner and senior financial consult-ant withWoodgate Financial Inc.,and president of the FinancialPlanning Association of Canadain Toronto. “There is an entire co-hort of adviserswhohave been fi-guring this out for years now.”Subscription-based services,

often referred to as the “Netflixmodel,” are becoming an increas-ingly popular option for adviserslooking to earn a steady incomestream from clients who don’tnecessarily have large sums ofmoney to invest. The model al-ready exists in Canada. DavidO’Leary launched Kind Wealth in2017withamodel inwhichclientspay a set monthly retainer fee.“The percentage-of-assets

model ensures that advisers willworkwith only thewealthiest 3 to5per centofCanadians,”Mr.O’Le-ary told Globe Advisor in 2019. “Ifyou take a percentage of invest-ments, then you can’tmakemon-ey from the average Canadianwho has only $10,000 or $50,000to invest.”While subscription-based ser-

vices remain a relatively smallpart of Canada’s financial adviso-ry industry, Mr. Pereira expectsthe end of DSCs to accelerate theadoption of new compensationmodels. “DSCs were too lucrativefor too long,” he says, “so, therewaspreviouslynoneed todoany-thing else, butnow that’s about tochange.”

End of DSCs will usherin new compensationmodels for advisersJAMESON BERKOWGLOBE ADVISOR REPORTER

CANADIAN STOCKS

Canada’s commodity-heavy main stock index rose, as soar-ing oil prices drove energy shares higher, while the Bank ofCanada raised its key overnight interest rate for the firsttime in more than three years to curb soaring inflation. TheToronto Stock Exchange’s S&P/TSX Composite Index wasup 251.13 points to settle at 21,255.64.

U.S. STOCKS

Wall Street ended sharply higher after U.S. Federal Reservechair Jerome Powell signalled the central bank would likelyraise interest rates less than some investors had feared. TheDow Jones Industrial Average rose 1.79 per cent to end at33,891.35 points, the S&P 500 gained 1.86 per cent to 4,386.54,and the Nasdaq Composite climbed 1.62 per cent to13,752.02.All the 11 S&P 500 sector indexes advanced, with finan-

cials jumping 2.6 per cent after falling sharply so far thisweek. The banks index rebounded 3 per cent after hitting itslowest level since September, 2021, in the previous session.The S&P 500 posted 26 new 52-week highs and two newlows; the Nasdaq Composite recorded 51 new highs and 123new lows.Apple Inc. ended 2.1 per cent higher after announcing a

product launch for March 8, when it is expected to promotea low-cost version of its popular iPhone with 5G. NordstromInc. surged 38 per cent after the department store chainforecast upbeat full-year revenue and profit.

COMMODITIES

Oil surged relentlessly beyond US$110 a barrel, extending itsrally since Russia invaded Ukraine seven days ago, onexpectations that the market will remain short of supply formonths to come after sanctions on Moscow and a flood ofdivestment from Russian oil assets by major companies.Brent crude futures peaked at US$113.94 a barrel during

the session, before settling at US$112.93, up 7.6 per cent.U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude futures hit a

high of US$112.51 a barrel, and closed 7 per cent higher atUS$110.60.

FOREX AND BONDS

The Canadian dollar rose against the greenback and all theother Group of 10 currencies, as the Bank of Canada hikedinterest rates for the first time since October, 2018. Theloonie was trading 0.7 per cent higher at 1.2668 to the green-back, or 78.94 US cents, the biggest gain among G10 cur-rencies.Canadian government bond yields were higher across the

curve, tracking the move in U.S. Treasuries. The 10-year rose8.9 basis points to 1.801 per cent, recovering some groundafter it slumped on Tuesday to its lowest intraday level innearly eight weeks at 1.679 per cent.

REUTERS AND THE CANADIAN PRESS

Markets summary

REPORT ON BUSINESS |

B12 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022

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TSX LOSERSTOP 20 FOR STOCKS $1 OR MORE

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TSX 52-WEEK HIGHSSTOCKS $1 OR MORE

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TSX INDEXES AND SUB INDEXES

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ETFSSTOCKS $1 OR MORE

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BTCC-B PURPOSE BI 8.17 -0.13 -1.57 1763 -4.78BTCC-U PURPOSE BI 8.22 -0.05 -0.60 1803 -4.64BTCC PURPOSE BITC 8.93 -0.06 -0.67 703 -4.80DLR HORIZONS US D 12.70 -0.11 -0.86 977 -0.16HGD BETAPRO CDN G 6.74 0.14 2.12 468 -23.32HND BETAPRO NAT G 10.13 -1.22 -10.75 1565 -64.18HNU BETAPRO NAT G 14.64 1.49 11.33 1159 74.49HOD BETAPRO CRUDE 3.33 -0.47 -12.37 5222 -57.79HOU BETAPRO CRUDE 27.28 2.93 12.03 1370 113.29HQD BETAPRO NASDA 6.82 -0.24 -3.40 1359 24.91HQU BETAPRO NASDA 15.49 0.51 3.40 639 -25.24HSD BETAPRO SP500 7.17 -0.28 -3.76 1099 14.72

HSU BETAPRO SP500 17.97 0.64 3.69 630 -15.99HUV BETAPRO SP500 11.55 -0.76 -6.17 578 34.62HXT HORIZONS S&P 51.05 0.71 1.41 733 0.37XEG ISHARES S&P T 13.79 0.12 0.88 2612 30.34XFN ISHARES S&P T 51.55 0.80 1.58 464 1.86XGD ISHARES S&P T 20.41 -0.22 -1.07 608 11.77XIC ISHARES CORE 33.93 0.41 1.22 557 0.59XIU ISHARES S&P T 32.41 0.44 1.38 4119 -0.34XSP ISHARES CORE 47.10 0.85 1.84 471 -7.83ZEB BMO S&P TSX E 41.00 0.71 1.76 816 5.21ZPR BMO LADDERED 11.13 0.01 0.09 407 -3.89ZWU BMO COVERED C 12.94 0.08 0.62 570 0.15

BONDSCANADA

TERM YIELD CHG

CURRENCIESFOREIGN EXCHANGE CROSS RATES

CAD USD AUD EUR GBP JPY CHF

2-YEAR 1.33 -0.125-YEAR 1.48 -0.1610-YEAR 1.71 -0.1330-YEAR 1.99 -0.13

CAD - 0.7912 1.0842 0.7114 0.5901 91.400 0.7280USD 1.2633 - 1.3704 0.8992 0.7459 115.52 0.9201AUD 0.9215 0.7295 - 0.6560 0.5441 84.274 0.6713EUR 1.4041 1.1117 1.5232 - 0.8292 128.41 1.0231GBP 1.6931 1.3403 1.8368 1.2051 - 154.82 1.2333JPY 0.0109 0.0087 0.0118 0.0078 0.0064 - 0.7963CHF 1.3723 1.0862 1.4888 0.9768 0.8103 125.49 -

U.S.

TERM YIELD CHG

2-YEAR TREASURY 1.50 0.195-YEAR TREASURY 1.74 0.1810-YEAR TREASURY 1.86 0.1430-YEAR TREASURY 2.24 0.13

BOFC OVERNIGHT TARGET 0.50 +0.25CANADIAN PRIME 2.70 +0.25

Source: wires

RATES RATE CHG

FED TARGET RATE 0-0.25 UNCHU.S. PRIME 3.25 UNCH

Source: wires

RATES RATE CHG

S&P/TSX COMPOSITE INDEX STOCKSLARGEST STOCKS BY MARKET CAPITALIZATION

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AAV ADVANTAGE OIL 7.82 0.14 1.82 1500 5.53ARE AECON GROUP I 15.91 -1.40 -8.09 1697 -5.75AEM AGNICO EAGLE 66.50 -0.90 -1.34 1796 -1.03AC AIR CANADA 23.82 0.95 4.15 3268 12.73AGI ALAMOS GOLD I 9.62 -0.25 -2.53 861 -1.13AQN ALGONQUIN POW 18.41 0.03 0.16 2882 0.77ATD ALIMENTATION 49.38 0.24 0.49 1481 -6.83AP-UN ALLIED PROP 44.92 0.31 0.69 270 2.21ALA ALTAGAS LTD 28.31 -0.18 -0.63 514 3.66AIF ALTUS GROUP L 49.45 0.37 0.75 123 -30.32ARX ARC RESOURCES 15.67 -0.27 -1.69 3687 36.26ATZ ARITZIA INC 47.22 0.57 1.22 253 -9.80AX-UN ARTIS REAL 13.12 0.00 0.00 254 9.88ACO-X ATCO LTD CL 41.50 -0.09 -0.22 252 -2.81ATA ATS AUTOMATIO 47.07 0.78 1.69 215 -6.31ACB AURORA CANNAB 4.63 -0.02 -0.43 1135 -32.41

BTO B2GOLD CORP 5.23 -0.12 -2.24 4200 5.02BCE BCE INC 68.19 1.14 1.70 3048 3.62BDGI BADGER INFRA 28.33 -0.62 -2.14 105 -10.88BLDP BALLARD POWE 13.87 -0.15 -1.07 1085 -12.71BMO BANK OF MONTR 147.64 2.97 2.05 1767 8.41BNS BANK OF NOVA 93.19 2.30 2.53 3757 4.06ABX BARRICK GOLD 29.25 -0.64 -2.14 5499 21.62BHC BAUSCH HEALTH 30.47 0.64 2.15 391 -12.79BTE BAYTEX ENERGY 5.59 -0.03 -0.53 7177 42.97BIR BIRCHCLIFF EN 6.96 0.03 0.43 2251 7.74BB BLACKBERRY LTD 8.67 0.02 0.23 1926 -26.65BEI-UN BOARDWALK 56.74 0.93 1.67 168 3.48BBD-B BOMBARDIER 1.49 0.01 0.68 5361 -11.31BLX BORALEX INC 38.08 0.10 0.26 494 9.80BYD BOYD GROUP SE 162.57 1.61 1.00 29 -18.56BAM-A BROOKFIELD 69.10 1.07 1.57 1645 -9.54BBU-UN BROOKFIELD 55.33 -0.30 -0.54 59 -4.69BIP-UN BROOKFIELD 76.02 0.29 0.38 272 -1.26BEP-UN BROOKFIELD 45.98 -0.23 -0.50 319 1.48DOO BRP INC 92.48 3.16 3.54 131 -16.53

CAR-UN CDN APARTM 53.45 1.72 3.32 720 -10.86CNQ CDN NATURAL R 72.82 1.46 2.05 4458 36.24CWB CDN WESTERN B 37.40 0.80 2.19 376 3.03GIB-A CGI GROUP I 104.35 1.10 1.07 313 -6.71CIX CI FINANCIAL 20.97 0.56 2.74 825 -20.69CRT-UN CT REAL ES 17.25 0.02 0.12 145 -0.40CAE CAE INC 35.03 0.43 1.24 821 9.78CCO CAMECO CORP 31.63 0.48 1.54 1900 14.68CF CANACCORD GENU 12.86 0.14 1.10 216 -14.72GOOS CANADA GOOSE 33.12 1.00 3.11 300 -29.35CM CANADIAN IMPER 160.26 2.91 1.85 1405 8.69CNR CANADIAN NATI 157.90 6.11 4.03 1457 1.62CP CANADIAN PACIF 91.78 3.87 4.40 1801 0.88CTC-A CANADIAN TI 182.16 -1.49 -0.81 159 0.40CU CANADIAN UTILI 35.52 0.08 0.23 327 -3.19CFP CANFOR CORP 27.62 -1.23 -4.26 844 -13.85WEED CANOPY GROWT 8.84 0.00 0.00 1931 -19.93CPX CAPITAL POWER 38.83 -0.10 -0.26 317 -1.60CS CAPSTONE MININ 6.82 -0.09 -1.30 1472 22.22CJT CARGOJET INC 185.50 0.48 0.26 78 11.36CAS CASCADES INC 13.11 0.10 0.77 160 -6.16CCL-B CCL INDUSTR 57.50 0.58 1.02 332 -15.23CLS CELESTICA INC 14.97 0.32 2.18 185 6.17CVE CENOVUS ENERG 20.01 0.32 1.63 9169 29.01CG CENTERRA GOLD 12.69 0.43 3.51 925 30.15CSH-UN CHARTWELL 12.23 -0.01 -0.08 288 3.47CHP-UN CHOICE PRO 14.76 0.14 0.96 624 -2.83CCA COGECO COMMUN 101.21 0.41 0.41 29 0.48

CIGI COLLIERS INT 165.67 -1.21 -0.73 185 -12.06CUF-UN COMINAR R 11.74 0.00 0.00 1494 0.43CSU CONSTELLATION 2149.73 12.97 0.61 42 -8.40CTS CONVERGE TECH 9.74 0.58 6.33 567 -10.40CJR-B CORUS ENTER 5.04 0.06 1.20 399 5.88CPG CRESCENT POIN 9.46 0.11 1.18 6517 40.15CRR-UN CROMBIE RE 17.64 -0.04 -0.23 281 -5.26CRON CRONOS GROUP 4.44 0.07 1.60 251 -10.84

DML DENISON MINES 2.00 0.07 3.63 4159 14.94DSG DESCARTES SYS 90.63 0.67 0.74 136 -13.37DCBO DOCEBO INC 62.85 -2.53 -3.87 103 -25.95DOL DOLLARAMA INC 65.90 0.72 1.10 472 4.09DIR-UN DREAM INDU 16.29 -0.01 -0.06 1805 -5.40D-UN DREAM OFFICE 27.01 0.51 1.92 163 9.66DPM DUNDEE PRECIO 7.63 -0.15 -1.93 1401 -2.43DND DYE & DURHAM 28.92 -0.22 -0.75 251 -35.56

ECN ECN CAPITAL C 5.91 0.23 4.05 806 10.67ELD ELDORADO GOLD 14.20 -0.24 -1.66 468 19.73EFN ELEMENT FLEET 12.67 0.73 6.11 642 -1.63EMA EMERA INCORPO 59.43 0.15 0.25 473 -5.99EMP-A EMPIRE COMP 40.10 0.54 1.37 198 4.05ENB ENBRIDGE INC 56.07 0.81 1.47 11521 13.48EDR ENDEAVOUR SIL 5.86 -0.13 -2.17 496 9.53EFR ENERGY FUELS 11.12 0.45 4.22 910 15.11ERF ENERPLUS CORP 16.64 -0.14 -0.83 1405 24.74ENGH ENGHOUSE SYS 40.93 0.09 0.22 77 -15.49EQX EQUINOX GOLD 9.70 -0.05 -0.51 1007 13.32EQB EQUITABLE GRO 76.28 1.08 1.44 33 10.70ERO ERO COPPER CO 18.24 -0.01 -0.05 271 -5.49EIF EXCHANGE INCO 40.30 0.68 1.72 108 -4.37

FFH FAIRFAX FINAN 600.00 2.98 0.50 44 -3.57FTT FINNING INTL 37.46 0.77 2.10 277 17.50FCR-UN FIRST CAPI 18.12 0.06 0.33 658 -3.92FR FIRST MAJESTIC 15.19 -0.34 -2.19 888 7.96FM FIRST QUANTUM 36.72 -0.09 -0.24 1999 21.31FSV FIRSTSERVICE 181.20 0.01 0.01 88 -27.11FTS FORTIS INC 58.50 0.09 0.15 1320 -4.15FVI FORTUNA SILVE 5.03 -0.16 -3.08 1145 1.82FNV FRANCO-NEVADA 190.97 -0.19 -0.10 543 9.16FRU FREEHOLD ROYA 14.54 0.20 1.39 1211 24.81

GFL GFL ENVIRONME 37.18 -0.01 -0.03 208 -22.27GEI GIBSON ENERGY 25.43 0.84 3.42 670 13.43GIL GILDAN ACTIVE 49.97 1.44 2.97 968 -6.82GSY GOEASY LTD 142.61 0.57 0.40 49 -20.45GRT-UN GRANITE RE 94.04 0.84 0.90 117 -10.78GWO GREAT-WEST LI 37.01 -0.32 -0.86 9860 -2.50

HR-UN H&R REAL ES 12.88 0.09 0.70 1152 -20.74HCG HOME CAPITAL 38.62 0.57 1.50 281 -1.15HBM HUDBAY MINERA 10.28 0.13 1.28 730 12.23HUT HUT 8 MINING 7.85 0.09 1.16 2068 -20.95H HYDRO ONE LTD 31.72 0.32 1.02 1230 -3.62

IAG IA FINANCIAL 74.25 1.28 1.75 211 2.58IMG IAMGOLD CORP 4.08 0.02 0.49 1229 3.55IGM IGM FINANCIAL 44.72 0.31 0.70 229 -1.97IMO IMPERIAL OIL 57.82 0.88 1.55 1532 26.74INE INNERGEX RENE 18.39 -0.01 -0.05 337 -1.13IFC INTACT FINANC 181.28 0.71 0.39 200 10.25IFP INTERFOR CORP 39.46 0.27 0.69 514 -2.59IIP-UN INTERRENT 15.49 0.15 0.98 486 -10.51ITP INTERTAPE POL 23.49 0.22 0.95 316 -10.75

IVN IVANHOE MINES 12.62 0.17 1.37 1322 22.29

JWEL JAMIESON WEL 32.58 -0.77 -2.31 67 -18.83

KNT K92 MINING IN 8.25 0.31 3.90 930 14.74KEY KEYERA CORP 29.56 0.22 0.75 1067 3.61KMP-UN KILLAM APA 21.51 0.15 0.70 167 -8.82KXS KINAXIS INC 152.03 8.05 5.59 146 -14.27K KINROSS GOLD CO 6.88 0.26 3.93 6001 -6.27

LIF LABRADOR IRON 47.93 0.70 1.48 299 27.71LB LAURENTIAN BAN 43.58 1.93 4.63 361 8.49LWRK LIFEWORKS IN 24.01 -0.33 -1.36 234 -5.95LSPD LIGHTSPEED C 32.67 0.05 0.15 976 -36.04LNR LINAMAR CORP 63.83 0.29 0.46 184 -14.81LEV LION ELECTRIC 10.27 -0.01 -0.10 287 -17.84LAC LITHIUM AMERI 34.56 0.12 0.35 856 -6.14L LOBLAW CO 99.49 1.47 1.50 439 -4.00LUN LUNDIN MINING 12.37 0.22 1.81 1562 25.20

MAG MAG SILVER CO 21.88 -0.37 -1.66 277 10.34MG MAGNA INTERNAT 88.58 1.84 2.12 1480 -13.45MFC MANULIFE FIN 25.27 0.42 1.69 3813 4.81MFI MAPLE LEAF FO 27.18 0.43 1.61 313 -7.11MRE MARTINREA INT 9.36 -0.11 -1.16 411 -18.61MEG MEG ENERGY CO 17.09 0.46 2.77 2211 46.07MX METHANEX CORP 66.32 1.51 2.33 157 32.53MRU METRO INC 66.82 0.79 1.20 542 -0.74MTY MTY FOOD GROU 51.20 0.81 1.61 143 -19.09MTL MULLEN GROUP 12.80 0.35 2.81 412 10.06

NA NATIONAL BANK 100.63 1.00 1.00 1018 4.34NGD NEW GOLD INC 2.18 -0.06 -2.68 1966 15.34NXE NEXGEN ENERGY 6.90 0.33 5.02 2532 24.55NFI NFI GROUP INC 18.49 0.24 1.32 208 -8.74NPI NORTHLAND POW 41.25 -0.21 -0.51 781 8.70NWH-UN NORTHWEST 13.66 0.04 0.29 428 -1.09NG NOVAGOLD RES I 9.23 -0.03 -0.32 129 6.46NTR NUTRIEN LTD 111.11 2.88 2.66 2494 16.86NVEI NUVEI CORP 65.33 -0.41 -0.62 200 -20.33

OGC OCEANAGOLD CO 2.56 0.04 1.59 1812 16.36ONEX ONEX CORP 83.62 0.46 0.55 208 -15.77OTEX OPEN TEXT CO 54.90 0.45 0.83 389 -8.56OR OSISKO GOLD RO 16.70 -0.01 -0.06 270 7.88OSK OSISKO MINING 4.03 0.06 1.51 1058 5.77

PAAS PAN AMERICAN 32.30 -0.52 -1.58 536 2.34POU PARAMOUNT RES 29.10 0.03 0.10 343 18.34PXT PAREX RESOURC 28.39 -0.50 -1.73 842 31.37PLC PARK LAWN COR 34.90 0.32 0.93 66 -15.90PKI PARKLAND FUEL 31.95 0.01 0.03 441 -8.11PPL PEMBINA PIPEL 45.25 1.17 2.65 3792 17.93PEY PEYTO EXPLORA 11.44 -0.06 -0.52 636 21.06POW POWER CORP OF 38.85 0.05 0.13 1632 -7.06PSK PRAIRIESKY RO 17.18 -0.03 -0.17 455 26.05PBH PREMIUM BRAND 117.39 1.42 1.22 118 -7.16PVG PRETIUM RESOU 18.61 -0.24 -1.27 254 4.43PMZ-UN PRIMARIS R 14.66 0.29 2.02 344 16.72PRMW PRIMO WATER 18.53 0.52 2.89 135 -16.98

QBR-B QUEBECOR IN 27.04 -0.07 -0.26 987 -5.29

QSR RESTAURANT BR 70.73 1.13 1.62 710 -7.78RCH RICHELIEU HAR 48.10 0.22 0.46 69 10.25REI-UN RIOCAN REA 25.23 0.13 0.52 917 9.98

RBA RITCHIE BROS 71.05 2.08 3.02 297 -8.22RCI-B ROGERS COMM 67.28 1.69 2.58 5500 11.71RY ROYAL BANK OF 137.63 0.23 0.17 2960 2.52RUS RUSSEL METALS 31.81 0.84 2.71 205 -5.41

SSL SANDSTORM GOL 9.43 -0.04 -0.42 276 20.13SAP SAPUTO INC 30.80 0.40 1.32 434 8.07SEA SEABRIDGE GOL 22.63 -0.37 -1.61 74 8.28SES SECURE ENERGY 6.39 0.35 5.79 781 21.48SJR-B SHAW COMMUN 38.22 0.17 0.45 3405 -0.44SHOP SHOPIFY INC 833.86 -24.47 -2.85 291 -52.12SIA SIENNA SENIOR 14.96 0.01 0.07 986 -0.47SVM SILVERCORP ME 4.97 -0.05 -1.00 312 5.07SIL SILVERCREST M 12.12 0.14 1.17 551 21.20ZZZ SLEEP COUNTRY 28.85 -0.53 -1.80 173 -23.13SRU-UN SMARTCENTR 32.06 0.14 0.44 358 -0.40SNC SNC-LAVALIN S 28.61 1.01 3.66 453 -7.44TOY SPIN MASTER C 46.96 0.89 1.93 74 -2.04SII SPROTT INC 52.05 -1.06 -2.00 43 -8.81SSRM SSR MINING I 25.99 -0.39 -1.48 318 16.08STN STANTEC INC 62.68 0.47 0.76 206 -11.81STLC STELCO HOLDI 42.63 1.24 3.00 486 3.42SJ STELLA JONES I 38.87 -0.13 -0.33 408 -2.85SMU-UN SUMMIT IND 22.07 0.36 1.66 407 -6.09SLF SUN LIFE FINA 65.88 0.84 1.29 7436 -6.43SU SUNCOR ENERGY 39.52 0.32 0.82 20281 24.87SPB SUPERIOR PLUS 11.26 -0.06 -0.53 600 -13.38

TVE TAMARACK VALL 5.37 0.02 0.37 3686 39.48TRP TC ENERGY COR 69.49 1.36 2.00 2487 18.12TECK-B TECK RESOU 48.89 1.90 4.04 2552 34.20T TELUS CORP 32.46 0.44 1.37 2687 8.96TIXT TELUS INTERN 31.19 0.39 1.27 95 -25.38TFII TFI INTERNAT 133.96 2.69 2.05 285 -5.58NWC THE NORTH WES 36.30 0.28 0.78 76 6.02TRI THOMSON REUTE 131.19 1.25 0.96 391 -13.27TLRY TILRAY INC 7.35 -0.10 -1.34 1321 -17.60X TMX GROUP LTD 130.22 1.32 1.02 93 1.54TPZ TOPAZ ENERGY 20.92 0.52 2.55 492 17.20TXG TOREX GOLD RE 16.50 -0.29 -1.73 305 25.48TIH TOROMONT IND 109.01 2.16 2.02 103 -4.68TD TORONTO-DOMINI 101.49 2.58 2.61 4146 4.65TOU TOURMALINE OI 51.17 -1.14 -2.18 1342 25.29TA TRANSALTA CORP 12.32 -0.29 -2.30 1243 -12.31RNW TRANSALTA REN 17.78 0.05 0.28 384 -5.17TCL-A TRANSCONTIN 20.08 0.36 1.83 2176 -1.13TCN TRICON CAPITA 18.30 0.17 0.94 1222 -5.48TSU TRISURA GROUP 33.21 -0.21 -0.63 136 -30.36TRQ TURQUOISE HIL 26.30 -0.28 -1.05 175 26.44

VET VERMILION ENE 24.40 -0.21 -0.85 2364 53.46

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YRI YAMANA GOLD I 6.56 -0.02 -0.30 2500 23.31

SU SUNCOR ENERGY 39.52 0.32 0.82 20281 24.87ENB ENBRIDGE INC 56.07 0.81 1.47 11521 13.48GWO GREAT-WEST LI 37.01 -0.32 -0.86 9860 -2.50CVE CENOVUS ENERG 20.01 0.32 1.63 9169 29.01SLF SUN LIFE FINA 65.88 0.84 1.29 7436 -6.43BTE BAYTEX ENERGY 5.59 -0.03 -0.53 7177 42.97CPG CRESCENT POIN 9.46 0.11 1.18 6517 40.15K KINROSS GOLD CO 6.88 0.26 3.93 6001 -6.27ATH ATHABASCA OIL 2.09 0.04 1.95 5779 75.63RCI-B ROGERS COMM 67.28 1.69 2.58 5500 11.71ABX BARRICK GOLD 29.25 -0.64 -2.14 5499 21.62BBD-B BOMBARDIER 1.49 0.01 0.68 5361 -11.31HOD BETAPRO CRUDE 3.33 -0.47 -12.37 5222 -57.79CNQ CDN NATURAL R 72.82 1.46 2.05 4458 36.24BTO B2GOLD CORP 5.23 -0.12 -2.24 4200 5.02DML DENISON MINES 2.00 0.07 3.63 4159 14.94TD TORONTO-DOMINI 101.49 2.58 2.61 4146 4.65XIU ISHARES S&P T 32.41 0.44 1.38 4119 -0.34GXE GEAR ENERGY L 1.57 -0.05 -3.09 3970 72.53MFC MANULIFE FIN 25.27 0.42 1.69 3813 4.81

TSX COMPOSITE IND 21255.64 251.13 1.20 291797 0.15TSX 60 INDEX 1286.08 17.43 1.37 144323 -0.07TSX COMPLETION IN 1231.31 6.42 0.52 147473 1.03TSX SMALLCAP INDE 818.06 3.13 0.38 87934 5.68TSX VENTURE COMPO 854.96 1.67 0.20 71621 -8.97TSX CONSUMER DISC 251.87 3.71 1.50 5532 -7.98TSX CONSUMER STAP 735.66 9.05 1.25 4021 -3.59TSX ENERGY CAPPED 213.53 1.80 0.85 75453 30.37TSX FINANCIALS CA 410.67 6.21 1.54 44206 1.87TSX HEALTH CARE C 40.01 0.08 0.20 6771 -12.95TSX INDUSTRIALS C 370.99 9.94 2.75 20422 -2.61TSX INFORMATION T 166.53 -0.11 -0.07 8364 -21.54TSX MATERIALS CAP 367.01 0.52 0.14 59225 11.79TSX REAL ESTATE C 369.98 3.08 0.84 11094 -6.89TSX GLOBAL GOLD I 327.15 -2.11 -0.64 92305 12.04TSX GLOBAL MINING 122.14 2.24 1.87 218218 17.51TSX INCOME TRUST 258.47 1.77 0.69 10414 -2.01TSX PREFERRED SHA 678.42 -2.40 -0.35 1660 -3.17TSX COMMUNICATION 205.99 3.00 1.48 16059 5.56TSX UTILITIES CAP 337.62 0.16 0.05 11754 -1.67

QFOR Q4 INC 6.20 1.26 25.51 413 -27.06STGO STEPPE GOLD 1.81 0.25 16.03 155 54.70HBIT-U BETAPRO BI 5.30 0.68 14.72 N-A -5.02HOU BETAPRO CRUDE 27.28 2.93 12.03 1370 113.29HNU BETAPRO NAT G 14.64 1.49 11.33 1159 74.49TV TREVALI MINING 1.28 0.13 11.30 354 -25.58GTMS GREENBROOK T 4.60 0.45 10.84 11 -14.66BRAG BRAGG GAMING 9.00 0.82 10.02 135 40.19CARS-U EVOLVE AUT 39.43 3.46 9.62 N-A -18.40OSP BROMPTON OIL 3.40 0.28 8.97 3 82.80ZYZ-A TEST SYMBOL 1.10 0.00 8.91 148 46.67SPPP-U SPROTT PHY 18.31 1.33 7.83 11 28.31SBN S SPLIT CORP 6.89 0.50 7.82 1 -1.29FTG FIRAN TECHNOL 2.75 0.19 7.42 36 3.77PPTA PERPETUA RES 5.03 0.33 7.02 41 -16.58BNK BIG BANC SPLI 17.12 1.10 6.87 8 -0.64APY ANGLO PACIFIC 2.69 0.17 6.75 1 12.55NPK VERDE AGRITEC 7.97 0.48 6.41 224 184.64CTS CONVERGE TECH 9.74 0.58 6.33 567 -10.40DRX ADF GROUP INC 1.70 0.10 6.25 7 5.59

BDEQ BLACK DIAMON 12.86 -1.91 -12.93 1 -12.81HOD BETAPRO CRUDE 3.33 -0.47 -12.37 5222 -57.79HND BETAPRO NAT G 10.13 -1.22 -10.75 1565 -64.18RPD-U RBC QUANT E 16.60 -1.70 -9.29 2 -8.34CFX CANFOR PULP P 5.04 -0.51 -9.19 233 -24.66ARE AECON GROUP I 15.91 -1.40 -8.09 1697 -5.75VOYG VOYAGER DIGI 9.89 -0.80 -7.48 399 -37.37AKT-A AKITA DRILL 1.06 -0.08 -7.02 294 12.77AOI AFRICA OIL CO 2.39 -0.18 -7.00 1838 33.52OPT OPTIVA INC 23.71 -1.78 -6.98 N-A -13.34SDE SPARTAN DELTA 8.28 -0.61 -6.86 1070 38.69CIEI CIBC INTERNA 19.54 -1.37 -6.55 N-A -9.45FTRP FIELD TRIP H 1.86 -0.13 -6.53 57 -39.22HUV BETAPRO SP500 11.55 -0.76 -6.17 578 34.62STC SANGOMA TECHN 17.20 -1.05 -5.75 18 -21.17SFTC SOFTCHOICE C 22.24 -1.31 -5.56 39 4.17FORA VERTICALSCOP 17.50 -1.00 -5.41 16 -42.66AR ARGONAUT GOLD 2.28 -0.12 -5.00 1385 -5.00EINC E AUTOMOTIVE 13.31 -0.69 -4.93 29 -26.75ARIS ARIS GOLD CO 1.61 -0.08 -4.73 13 6.62

S&P 500PAST 12 MONTHS

DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGEPAST 12 MONTHS

S&P GLOBAL 100 INDEXPAST 12 MONTHS

S&P/TSX COMPOSITE INDEXPAST 12 MONTHS

DATA PROVIDED BY BARCHART, EXCEPT WHERE NOTED

21255.64 251.13 1.20 0.15 291797| | % | % YTD | VOL(000) 4386.54 80.28 1.86 -7.97 2867998| | % | % YTD 33891.35 596.40 1.79 -6.73 402813| | % | % YTD | VOL(000) 2983.48 38.44 1.31 -5.73| | % | % YTD

MARKETS

TSX 52-WEEK LOWSSTOCKS $1 OR MORE

CLOSE NET % VOL YTDCHG CHG 000S %CHG

CLOSE NET % VOL YTDCHG CHG 000S %CHG

ALA ALTAGAS LTD 28.31 -0.18 -0.63 514 3.66ALS ALTIUS MINERA 22.34 0.99 4.64 168 28.32BCE BCE INC 68.19 1.14 1.70 3048 3.62CNQ CDN NATURAL R 72.82 1.46 2.05 4458 36.24CJ CARDINAL ENERG 6.85 -0.06 -0.87 1810 60.42CHW CHESSWOOD GRO 14.60 0.33 2.31 13 1.46CPG CRESCENT POIN 9.46 0.11 1.18 6517 40.15D-UN DREAM OFFICE 27.01 0.51 1.92 163 9.66ENB ENBRIDGE INC 56.07 0.81 1.47 11521 13.48ERF ENERPLUS CORP 16.64 -0.14 -0.83 1405 24.74FIL FILO MINING C 16.39 0.72 4.59 390 28.35FM FIRST QUANTUM 36.72 -0.09 -0.24 1999 21.31FEC FRONTERA ENER 13.90 0.30 2.21 118 35.74IBG IBI GROUP INC 14.26 0.24 1.71 27 5.32IMO IMPERIAL OIL 57.82 0.88 1.55 1532 26.74IPCO INTERNATIONA 9.92 0.42 4.42 64 40.31KEL KELT EXPLORAT 5.85 -0.11 -1.85 546 21.37MKP MCAN MORTGAGE 19.14 0.40 2.13 136 11.09MX METHANEX CORP 66.32 1.51 2.33 157 32.53MRG-UN MORGUARD N 19.43 0.32 1.67 32 9.71NTR NUTRIEN LTD 111.11 2.88 2.66 2494 16.86

NVA NUVISTA ENERG 9.93 -0.21 -2.07 959 42.67OVV OVINTIV INC 59.85 -0.22 -0.37 506 40.62POU PARAMOUNT RES 29.10 0.03 0.10 343 18.34PXT PAREX RESOURC 28.39 -0.50 -1.73 842 31.37PPL PEMBINA PIPEL 45.25 1.17 2.65 3792 17.93PD PRECISION DRIL 74.74 0.22 0.30 64 67.24SGR-U SLATE GROCE 12.00 0.09 0.76 N-A 5.26SDE SPARTAN DELTA 8.28 -0.61 -6.86 1070 38.69SU SUNCOR ENERGY 39.52 0.32 0.82 20281 24.87SGY SURGE ENERGY 8.46 0.23 2.79 1210 91.84TRP TC ENERGY COR 69.49 1.36 2.00 2487 18.12TECK-A TECK RESOU 51.09 1.24 2.49 2 33.74TECK-B TECK RESOU 48.89 1.90 4.04 2552 34.20TPZ TOPAZ ENERGY 20.92 0.52 2.55 492 17.20TOU TOURMALINE OI 51.17 -1.14 -2.18 1342 25.29UNS UNI SELECT IN 27.74 1.12 4.21 136 7.77NPK VERDE AGRITEC 7.97 0.48 6.41 224 184.64VET VERMILION ENE 24.40 -0.21 -0.85 2364 53.46WCP WHITECAP RESO 9.85 -0.02 -0.20 3104 31.51

ARE AECON GROUP I 15.91 -1.40 -8.09 1697 -5.75AKT-B AKITA CL B 3.98 -0.02 -0.50 N-A 61.79ANRG ANAERGIA INC 11.35 -0.43 -3.65 58 -43.81CGI-PR-D CANADIAN 25.27 -0.12 -0.47 N-A -1.56CFX CANFOR PULP P 5.04 -0.51 -9.19 233 -24.66FIH-U FAIRFAX IND 11.19 0.08 0.72 134 -11.26GWO-PR-H GREAT-WE 24.35 -0.42 -1.70 1 -3.64GWO-PR-I GREAT-WE 23.33 -0.45 -1.89 2 -5.05LWRK LIFEWORKS IN 24.01 -0.33 -1.36 234 -5.95LNR LINAMAR CORP 63.83 0.29 0.46 184 -14.81MG MAGNA INTERNAT 88.58 1.84 2.12 1480 -13.45MFC-PR-M MANULIFE 22.77 -0.23 -1.00 7 -5.48MFC-PR-R MANULIFE 24.98 -0.01 -0.04 6 -0.87

MRE MARTINREA INT 9.36 -0.11 -1.16 411 -18.61MDF MDF COMMERCE 3.93 0.04 1.03 78 -30.32CBNK MULVIHILL EN 0.99 0.00 0.00 N-APKI PARKLAND FUEL 31.95 0.01 0.03 441 -8.11PRMW PRIMO WATER 18.53 0.52 2.89 135 -16.98QBR-B QUEBECOR IN 27.04 -0.07 -0.26 987 -5.29TCS TECSYS INC J 34.00 0.23 0.68 58 -35.37THNC THINKIFIC LA 3.60 0.03 0.84 268 -59.60UNC UNITED CORP L 104.00 0.75 0.73 1 -8.09FORA VERTICALSCOP 17.50 -1.00 -5.41 16 -42.66

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GOLD 1922.30 -21.50SILVER 25.19 -0.35NATURAL GAS 4.76 0.19CRUDE OIL WTI 110.60 7.19CRUDE OIL BRENT 114.59 9.62HIGH GRADE COPPER 4.67 0.07

LEAN HOGS 106.30 0.10COFFEE 230.45 -6.80ALUMINUM 3615.50 99.50HKFE NICKEL CNH 164220.0 6400.0WHEAT 1058.50 56.75LUMBER 1418.70 45.70

CORN 739.00 -0.75SOYBEAN 1677.50 -28.00CANOLA 1061.30 -18.60S&P 500 COMM SRVS 356.10 3.05FEED WHEAT 223.50 -5.50BITCOIN FUTURES 43925.00 -315.00

Gold, Silver (USD/oz), Nat gas (USD/mmbtu), Oil (USD/barrel), Copper (USD/lb), Bitcoin (USD), Lean Hogs (in U.S. cents/lb),Coffee (USD/lb), Aluminum (USD/tonne), HKFE Nickel (in Renminbi-Yuan/tonne), Lumber (USD/1000 board ft),Wheat, Corn and Soybeans (in U.S. cents/bushel), Canola and Barley (in Cdn dollars/tonne), Feed Wheat (in Br. pounds/tonne)

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I B13

SPORTSCanadian duo named tocarry flag at Paralympicsopening ceremony B14

Raptors look to avoid aseason sweep by thelowly Pistons B18

[ BEIJING PARALYMPICS ]

Facedwith the threat of financial sanctionstargeting Russians, Chelsea owner RomanAbramovich announced Wednesday he istrying to sell the Premier League club thatbecame trophy-winning machine thanksto his lavish investment.The decision by the billionaire oligarch

to sell his most high-profile asset is one ofthe clearest signs yet that Russia’s businesselite are feeling the repercussions of Presi-dent Vladimir Putin’s decision to invadeUkraine. Owning Chelsea has made Abra-movich a household name in Britain andpoliticians have been demanding that hebe included on the list of wealthy and in-fluential Russians hit with British sanc-tions because of the war.“Please know that this has been an in-

credibly difficult decision to make, and itpainsme to part with the club in thisman-ner,” Abramovich said in a statement.“However, I do believe this is in the bestinterest of the club.”One potential buyer had already gone

public to reveal Abramovich was trying tosell with a price tag of at least US$2.5-bil-lion floated. Swiss billionaire HansjorgWyss claimed he “received an offer onTuesday to buyChelsea fromAbramovich”along with three other people.However, Abramovich insisted that “the

sale of the club will not be fast-tracked but

will follow due process.”Abramovich saidhewill notbeasking to

be repaid £1.5-billion ($2.5-billion) in loanshe has granted the club during 19 years ofinjecting cash to elevate the team into one

of themost successful in Europe. The set ofevery major trophy was completed lastmonth when Chelsea won the Club WorldCup.“I have instructed my team to set up a

charitable foundation where all net pro-ceeds from the sale will be donated,” hesaid. “The foundation will be for the bene-fit of all victims of the war in Ukraine.”Abramovich has faced calls to condemn

Russia’s attack on Ukraine, which he so farhas not done.Parliamentary privilege had been used

by Labour Party legislator Chris Bryant toclaim in theHouse of Commons thatAbra-movichwas already looking to sell Londonproperties, speculating that “he’s terrifiedof being sanctioned.”Abramovich has not commented on

any attempts to seize his assets, whichgrew from the fortune he made in oil andaluminum during the chaotic years thatfollowed the collapse of the Soviet Unionin 1991.The speedofAbramovich’s pending exit

from Chelsea is striking as he was trying toinstigate a plan this past weekend to relin-quish some control in order to keep theclub under his ownership, announcingplans to shift the “stewardship and care” ofthe club to its foundation trustees.“I hope that I will be able to visit Stam-

ford Bridge one last time to say goodbye toall of you in person,” Abramovich said. “Ithas been a privilege of a lifetime to be partof Chelsea FC and I am proud of all ourjoint achievements. Chelsea Football Cluband its supporters will always be in myheart.”

CHELSEA, B17

Abramovich selling Chelsea in fallout from Russia’s invasion

ROB HARRIS LONDON

With potential financial sanctions looming because of his close ties to Russian PresidentVladimir Putin, Roman Abramovich announced that he is looking to sell Chelsea FC.MARTIN MEISSNER/THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

There is a lot of moral courage goingaround these days. What we have tofigure out together is which sort weagree with now that the world has

changed.On Wednesday, the International Paralym-

pic Committee declined to remove the Rus-sian team from the coming Games. Citing itsown rules and regulations, the IPC said itlacked the legal basis on which to do so. In-stead, the Russians will compete as neutrals.It was a largely symbolic gesture. Arewe re-

ally worrying about who’s allowed to playhockey while Kyiv is being flattened? But fac-ing across-the-board international pressure,the IPC held to the basic principle of Olympicneutrality. That took some steel.The problem is that many people are ad-

dressing the sametopic, but theyaren’t speak-ing about the same thing. For Ukrainians andtheir supporters, sports has become war byother means. The new rules of engagementare that there are nomore rules.For the people administrating those sports,

they are trying to keepwhat they see as a pathto mutual understanding open for some fu-ture, better time.There’s virtue in both things. But the two

kinds have become incompatible and onlyone is still functional.What’s at issue isn’t the sports or the sym-

bolism. It’s whether that basic principle of aneutral playing ground has survived the pastweek.The Paralympics start in earnest on Satur-

day, if they canget that far. Every timeaUkrai-nianplaysaRussian, itwill benewsworthy.Ev-ery handshake offered or pulled back is a verybig thing.Theseathletesarenotusedtobeingspokes-

people, never mind speaking on behalf of en-tire countries. The temperature is alreadyveryhigh. At the presser addressing the IPC’s deci-sion, a Ukrainian journalist choked up as heaskedofficialswhat theywould say to thepar-ents of a young biathlete reportedly killed inKharkiv on Tuesday.So thiswill go badlywrong at somepoint. A

boycott still seemsabout as likely as anyotheroutcome.If they go throughwith it, whatwe’re about

to see is something a lot more real than thesports we are used to – fraught, unpredictableand actually important.

While the sports is happening, the partici-pants will also be field testing a suddenly un-popular proposition: “The Olympics are agood idea.”In carrying out that test, they’ll address a

bunch of sub-questions.Can we put war (the word “politics” no

longer fits in this sentence) to one side andholdasportingeventwhenonesovereignpar-ticipant is in themidst of wiping out another?Should we do that?If we aren’t going to do that, who’s going to

be the first to pass beyond the “speaking ourtruth” phase and opt out?Does thatmean the rest of theworld’s liber-

al consensus should opt out aswell? And if so,for how long? Forever?If we have just seen the end of one era –

roughly speaking, Francis Fukuyama’s visionof The End of History – what does the culturalwing of the new one look like?Theseissuesaretoobigforsports.Asapolit-

ical actor, sports is good at peacetime. It has arealway arounda truism– “say ‘no’ to racism”or “we’re all on one big team called ‘human-ity.’ ” Sports is not equipped to take on ethicalquestions once civilization becomes savage.But this is the world we’ve built for our-

selves since the BerlinWall came down.KELLY, B14

Members of Team Ukraine arrive at the Zhangjiakou Athletes Village on Wednesday. The International Paralympic Committeeruled that parathletes from Russia will be allowed to compete at the Games as neutrals. ALEX DAVIDSON/GETTY IMAGES

By letting Russia compete,the IPC shows it’s living in the past

When things go awry, and they will, people will start to question the Olympic and Paralympic movement

CATHALKELLY

OPINION

REPORT ON BUSINESS |

B14 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022WAR IN UKRAINE

With the exception of the Para-lympics, Russian athletes wererestricted from competing inmore sporting events around theworld on Wednesday.Sports including biathlon and

table tennis were among those tojoin more than a dozen otherOlympic sports in excludingcompetitors from Russia and Be-larus because of the invasion ofUkraine. The International Para-lympic Committee, however,said Russians and Belarusianswould be able to compete inBeijing as “neutral athletes”without national symbols.Blanket bans have been im-

posed in soccer, track, basketballand hockey, among other sports,

following an appeal from the In-ternational Olympic Committeeto exclude Russians and Belaru-sians from international events.The IOC, however, left open

the possibility of allowing themto compete as neutral athletes ifexpulsion was not possible be-cause of short notice.Other sports bodies that have

so far let Russians and Belaru-sians keep competing as neutralathletes include FINA, whichgoverns swimming and other aq-uatic sports, and the federationsfor boxing, gymnastics, fencingand judo.The restrictions have been

strongly criticized by Russianpoliticians and on Wednesday bystriker Artem Dzyuba, the topscorer for the Russian nationalsoccer team.Dzyuba wrote on Instagram

that he is “against any war. Waris terrible,” but said he foundsporting sanctions a form of dis-crimination. “I am against dis-crimination based on nationali-ty. I’m not ashamed to be Rus-sian. I am proud to be Russian.And I don’t understand why ath-letes have to suffer now.”The governing body for British

motorsports on Wednesdaybanned Russians from compet-ing at events in the country,throwing into doubt FormulaOne driver Nikita Mazepin’s abil-ity to race in the British GrandPrix in July.The sport’s international gov-

erning body, known as FIA, hadsaid Tuesday that Russian driverssuch as Mazepin can still com-pete but a block on having carsin national colours would stophis team, Haas, from bringing

back the Russian flag-stripe liv-ery it removed during last week’stesting.Motorsport UK went further,

with sanctions barring driversand teams from Russia and Bela-rus from competing anywhere inBritain. The FIA didn’t immedi-ately respond to a request forcomment on what it would dowhen its rules conflict with thoseof national governing bodies.The invasion of Ukraine has

also led to a reshaping of sports’corporate ties to Russia. Englishsoccer club Everton ended itssponsorship with companies be-longing to Alisher Usmanov, aRussian billionaire who wasplaced under European Unionsanctions last week. Also, a po-tential buyer has claimed Rus-sian billionaire Roman Abra-movich is seeking to sell Chelsea,

last year’s Champions Leaguewinner.Premier League games this

weekend will be preceded by ashow of solidarity toward Uk-raine, with captains also wearingarmbands in the blue and yellowof the country’s flag.There has also been an exodus

of foreign players and coaches atRussian sports teams. FormerNorwich manager Daniel Farkequit as of Russian soccer club FCKrasnodar on Wednesday, a dayafter Markus Gisdol left as coachof Lokomotiv Moscow. DefenderYaroslav Rakitskiy, who playedfor Ukraine at two EuropeanChampionships, cancelled hiscontract with Zenit St. Peters-burg on Wednesday for what theclub said were family reasons.

THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

Russians face more sports sanctions

JAMES ELLINGWORTHDUSSELDORF, GERMANY

If we want a monolithic activitythrough which to negotiate ourshared values, it’s either this,shopping or Facebook. Sportsseems as good as any other thing.The problem is tools. Sports

doesn’t have any. It has a play-book for scandals (again, a wordthat no longer fits): make a baddecision; empanel lawyers to in-vestigate how the decision wasmade; come upwith some excus-es for that decision; fire the peo-ple who made it; hire some new,more palatable people to makeequally bad decisions; changenothing.This is based on the idea that

people like their games toomuchto do anything about it.We are reaching the “do some-

thing about it” stage.If the Olympics (through the

Paralympics) can’t bend to thatreality, they risk breaking. Thesenext 10 days will tell us how thatworked out.In times of great peril and fear,

our principles become luxuries.In hindsight, we massage the sto-ry so that it doesn’t look that way– what epic film doesn’t love re-calling the cruel or catastrophicdecision avoided, while avoidingtalkingabout all theones thatwe-ren’t?Now we’re living in that movie

– for several coddled generations,for the first time. For all the goodthey’ve done us, the rules are stillbeing upheld.That won’t last much longer.

Images of Russian Paralympianscelebrating their wins will enrage

the world. Should some Russiando or say something even slightlyprovocative, it will be muchworse. Sports administration ingeneralwill becomean inevitablefocus of that anger.That’s the irony here. That in

aneffort to remain true to its idealof neutrality, the IPC has justmade the whole mission less sus-tainable.If the goal was bolstering the

palatability of theOlympicmove-ment, the correct decision wasturfing Russia (and Belarus), andpunting the larger issueofwheth-er the IPC has the power to do sodown the road. Who would havetried to stop it? These people arebureaucrats to the end.Now the decision has pro-

voked a confrontation. With theIPC/IOC on one side waving a

copy of the Olympic charter andUkrainians on the other sidewav-ing photos of dead athletes, it’snot hard to see who wins thatone.If the IPC wants to continue

holding the Paralympics, it oughtto hope everyone involved quitsand it has an excuse to cancelthem. That is its best-case scena-rio.Like so many decisions taken

in sports over the past few days,this is down to “two worlds”thinking. The IPC still lives in theworld that was before Russia in-vaded Ukraine. Everyone else isliving in the one after.Until all of us on this side of the

lineare talking toeachother fromthe same world, very few of thebig decisions anyone makes willbe workable.

FROM B13

Images of RussianParalympians

celebrating their winswill enrage the world.

Should some Russian door say something evenslightly provocative, itwill be much worse.

Kelly: The next 10 days could determine the future of the Olympics

A decision by the InternationalParalympic Committee onWednesday to allow Russiansand Belarussians to compete as“neutrals athletes” generated aheart-wrenching reply onlyhours after it was announced.Russian athletes had already

been slated to compete as RPC,short for Russian ParalympicCommittee, as punishment forthe state-sponsored doping scan-dal at the 2014 Sochi Olympicsand a subsequent cover-up.The IPC added more restric-

tions on the Russians when theParalympics open on Friday. Be-larus was sanctioned for its partin aiding Russia with the inva-sion and war against Ukraine.But there was no expulsion.

And that hit a nerve.At a news conference in Beij-

ing hours after the decision, a re-porter who said he worked forthe Kyiv Post asked IPC presidentAndrew Parsons what he wouldsay to the family of young biath-lete Yevhen Malyshev.Malyshev was killed this week

in Ukraine, but the exact circum-stances of his death are unclear.The International BiathlonUnion said Wednesday he “diedthis week serving in the Ukrai-nian military.”“I cannot even start to imag-

ine the pain that his family isfeeling at the moment,” Parsonssaid. “I can only tell them thatmy deepest thoughts are withthem. This is absolutely not fair.It is disgusting. It is against hu-manity.”The Ukraine-based reporter

said he was the only journalistfrom the country that had man-aged to reach Beijing, and hepressed Parsons again to explainwhy Russians and Belarusiansshould be allowed to compete –even as neutral athletes. He re-peatedly identified them as be-ing from the “aggressor nations.”Canadian Sports Minister Pas-

cale St-Onge says the IPC iswrong to allow Russian athletesto compete under a neutral ban-ner. She is calling on it to imme-diately reverse its decision. St-Onge says allowing Russians andBelarusians to take part as neu-tral athletes puts Canadian Para-lympians, and those fromaround the world, in an unfairposition by forcing them to de-cide whether to compete againstthem.A joint statement from the

athletes of Ukraine and GlobalAthlete group, an internationalathlete-led pressure body, saidthe IPC issued “another blow” toevery Ukrainian athlete and citi-zen.“The demands of the athletes

have been cast aside in favour ofRussian interests,” the statementsaid. “Sports administrators arechoosing bloodshed and profitsover principle and stakeholders.”Germany’s chef de mission

Karl Quade, a member of the Pa-ralympic movement since theIPC was founded in 1989, said hewas “deeply ashamed” by the de-cision.The Swiss Paralympic Com-

mittee said it could not compre-hend the reasons for allowingthe athletes to compete.“The fact that legal consider-

ations were given priority overmoral and political arguments isa major burden for the credibil-ity of the Paralympic move-ment,” it said in a statement.IPC spokesman Craig Spence

acknowledged the distaste manyfeel for allowing Russians andBelarusians to compete.“We have the world’s eyes on

us right now, and they may notbe agreeing with the decision,”Spence said.Nadine Dorries, a British min-

ister who is responsible forsports, called it “the wrong deci-sion.”“They [IPC] must join the rest

of the world in condemning thisbarbaric invasion by banningRussian and Belarussian athletesfrom competing,” she said.Parsons said the decision was

not unanimous among his doz-en board members, but he saidthe majority favoured it. He didnot give a voting breakdown.Both delegations will be ex-

cluded from the medal table,and the IPC said it would nothold events in either country“while the present situation con-tinues.” Parsons called it the“harshest possible punishmentwe can hand down within ourconstitution and the current IPCrules.”Athletes from Russia and Be-

larus will instead compete underthe Paralympic flag and use theParalympic anthem. The RPCdelegation must cover the “RPC”symbol on uniforms in all eventsand ceremonies. The Belarus del-egation must cover its nationalflag on uniforms.The IPC said it would also

withdraw the “Paralympic Hon-or” given to Russian PresidentVladimir Putin.The International Olympic

Committee on Monday pushedsports bodies to exclude Russianand Belarusian athletes from in-ternational events, but it left thefinal decision to individual gov-erning bodies. The IOC has beenslow to crack down on Russia, al-lowing its athletes to compete in

the past four Olympics followingthe Sochi doping scandal.The IOC said the action was

needed now to “protect the in-tegrity of global sports competi-tions and for the safety of all theparticipants” but left sports bod-ies with a way around the exclu-sion by adding that Russians andBelarusians could compete asneutral athletes or teams if ex-pulsion was not possible becauseof short notice.On Wednesday, IOC president

Thomas Bach said no sanctionshad been taken directly againstthe Russian Olympic Committeebecause it was not responsiblefor the invasion.The move by the IPC comes as

Russia is being barred from com-peting in a long list of sports, in-cluding skating, skiing, soccer,hockey, basketball, track andfield, and some tennis events.Some sports like swimminghaven’t followed the recommen-dation from the IOC to ban Rus-sians, instead allowing them tocompete as neutral athletes.The IOC, however, has not re-

moved the membership or lead-ership positions from Russiansin its own organization.Parsons acknowledged the

possibility that some Paralympicathletes might refuse to competeagainst their counterparts fromRussia. He also had said the op-tions for the IPC were “limited”because of the possibility of legal

challenges from Russia or else-where.Bach will not attend the Para-

lympics and has designated Par-sons – an IOC member – to rep-resent the body.The 20-member Ukrainian

contingent, accompanied bynine guides, arrived in Beijing onWednesday following initial fearsthey may not be able to make itin time for the Games, which runfrom March 4-13.While the IPC hasn’t spoken

to Ukrainian athletes since thedecision, Parsons insisted theywere here to compete.“These athletes have fought

the battle of their lives to behere. … This is a difficult mo-ment in the history of the nationand they want to make everyoneproud,” he said.Paralympic officials say 648

athletes and 49 delegations willtake part in the Winter Paralym-pics. There were 2,900 athletes atlast month’s Winter Olympicswith 91 delegations.Officials say 71 Russian ath-

letes are expected to compete inthe Paralympics, joined by 20from Ukraine. The entire Ukrai-nian delegation was expected toarrive in time for Friday’s open-ing ceremony. The Paralympicsclose March 13.

THE ASSOCIATED PRESS,WITH A REPORT FROMTHE CANADIAN PRESS

IPC blasted for letting Russians competeCredibility of Paralympicmovement questionedas legal worries trumpetmoral arguments

STEPHEN WADE

During a news conference at the 2022 Winter Paralympics on Wednesday in Beijing, a journalist from Ukraine holds a photo of Yevhen Malyshev, abiathlete who died this week serving in the Ukrainian military, according to the International Biathlon Union. ANDY WONG/THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I B15HOCKEY

Whether you want to call it luck, coinci-dence or simply bad timing, it hardly mat-ters.Mitch Marner dressed for the 400th

gameof hisNHL career onWednesday, andhe took the ice surrounded by of a “sea ofblue and white,” as the arena host appliedan in-house touch of hyperbole with ahockey game at Toronto’s Scotiabank Are-na free of capacity restrictions for the firsttime since Dec. 11, 2021.Given the pair of milestone moments,

it’s evenmore of a shame that the TorontoMaple Leafs didn’t have anything resem-bling a sense of occasion, with the BuffaloSabres snapping the home side’s three-game win streak with a 5-1 victory.That the Leafs chose this night to come

out flat and uninspired, just as they did inlast month’s 5-2 loss to theMontreal Cana-diens or the 6-3 reverse against the St.Louis Blues – or even the 7-1 loss in Pitts-burgh earlier this season – is bound to con-tinue to confound head coach SheldonKeefe.Hehadwarnedabout the teamplay-ing down to its opposition after the morn-ing skate.“Sometimes you just really need a real

slap in the face to kind of get dialled in,” hesaid. “That’s how I felt about the Montrealgame, not unlike our game in Pittsburghearly in the season.”The defeat left the Leafs third in the At-

lantic Division, a point back of Florida andtwo back of Tampa Bay. Given the circum-stances, the lone bright spot on the nightmay well have been Marner, who regis-tered an assist on his team’s goal to pushhis point streak to five games.With nine goals, 14 assists and 23 points

in his past 12 games entering Wednesday,2015’s fourth overall pick led the NHL ineach of those categories for February, andwas honoured as the NHL’s player of themonth on Tuesday. Not that Marner is anyway fixated on numbers, apparently.“It’s tonight? I thought it was next

game,” Marner said when asked about themilestone appearance after the morningskate. “Therewego.That’s cool.Hopefully Ican keep tallying that up for a couplemorehundred. It’s definitely a cool milestone tohit and all with the team I grew up watch-ing. It’s a pretty cool thing to be a part of.”

The 17,122 on hand certainly seemedhappy to be part of a live ScotiabankArenacrowdoncemore, if the beaming smiles onmany of their maskless faces could be tak-en as proof. It took less than 30 seconds forthe first familiar refrains of “Go Leafs Go”to break out, and aminutemore for a cho-rus of boos to ring around the stands asAlex Kerfoot was sent to the penalty boxfor tripping with the first penalty of thenight.The home crowd had even more cause

for complaint 55 seconds later, when apoint shot from Jacob Bryson deflected offMorgan Rielly and past Petr Mrazek, mak-ing back-to-back starts for the first timethis season.But just a few days removed from its 15-

point salvo in Detroit during the 10-7 winover the RedWings, the Leafs’ top trio con-tinued its own impression of the famedProduction Line. Marner fed rookie Mi-chael Bunting, who teed up Rasmus Sand-

in to beat CraigAnderson for the tying goalat the 11:48mark.Withhis seventhpoint inhis past three games, Bunting kept intouch at the top of the rookie scoring race,moving one point back of Detroit’s LucasRaymond for first place.Despite the 34-point disparity between

the teams entering play, the Sabres lookedstrong, looking to snap a six-game losingstreak. Playing their first game in Torontosince Dec. 17, 2019, Buffalo took control ofthe game in the second period.With Timothy Liljegren given the night

off, Travis Dermott drew back into the li-neup as Keefe shuffled his defensive pair-ings with Jake Muzzin still out with a con-cussion.Defensive miscues led to both Buffalo

goals in the middle stanza, however. Mra-zek gave up an easy rebound from a Ras-mus Asplund shot, but with Victor Olofs-son outmuscling Sandin in front of thegoaltender, the Swede was presented with

a tap-in to put the Sabres in front 12:19 intotheperiod. That leadwasdoubled just oversix minutes later when Sandin miscon-trolled the puck, allowing Jeff Skinner topoke it through to Tage Thompson, whoburied it over the glove hand of Mrazek.Skinner added sprinkled more salt in

the home side’s wounds in the third peri-od, beating Mrazek on a breakaway for his21st goal of the season. Kyle Okposo wrap-ped up the scoring with just over eightminutes to play.Mrazek, bidding to win a third succes-

sive game, gave up five goals on 31 shots,while Anderson let in just one of the 30pucks fired his way.These two teams are to face each other

at the Heritage Classic at Hamilton’s TimHortons Field on March 13. But the Leafshave four games before they turn their at-tention to that showpiece event, startingSaturday when they play host to the Van-couver Canucks.

Sabres offence rattles Maple LeafsLowly Buffalo ends itssix-game losing streak withroad win over Toronto

PAUL ATTFIELD

Sabres forward Peyton Krebs, left, tries to get past Maple Leafs forward Nicholas Robertson during the first period of Wednesday’s game inToronto. Buffalo took an early lead en route to a 5-1 victory. NATHAN DENETTE/THE CANADIAN PRESS

The Calgary Flames had anear-perfect February.March is off to a pretty

good start, too.Calgary won for the 12th time

in 13 games Tuesday to extend itslead atop the Pacific Division.It’s beenquite the 2021-22 turn-

around for the Flames, who haveput things together under headcoach Darryl Sutter after missingthe playoffs last season.They’re also far from satisfied.“Every day has to be about get-

ting better,” the veteran benchboss said before his team’s latestvictory, a 5-1 decision inMinneso-ta against the Wild. “If you’re try-ing to make the playoffs, I don’tthink you can have much of adowntime.”Very few Flames have experi-

enced that 52 games into theschedule.Calgarynetminder JacobMark-

strom – the NHL’s second star inFebruary – has led from thecrease behind a roster that’s al-

lowed the second-fewest goalsagainst a game (2.10), and ranksfifth in both shots surrendered(29.1) and the penalty kill (88.2per cent).The big Swede has an league-

best eight shutouts to sit twobackof Miikka Kiprusoff’s single-sea-son franchise mark of 10 set in2005-06 for a team that surren-ders the second-fewest high-dan-ger scoring chances at 5-on-5 (anaverage of 9.40 per 60 minutes),according to naturalstattrick-.com.But the Flames aren’t just do-

ing it with defence.Star winger Johnny Gaudreau

sits sixth in league scoring with67 points, while Andrew Mangia-pane and Matthew Tkachuk arein a race to 30 goals with 28 and27, respectively, after both foundthe back of the net Tuesday.General manager Brad Treliv-

ing also chipped inmid-seasonbyadding Tyler Toffoli from theMontreal Canadiens via tradewith the deadline now less thanthree weeks away.And then there’s Elias Lind-

holm, who’s become one of theNHL’s best two-way centres skat-ing between Gaudreau and Tka-chuk on Sutter’s top line.Calgarywent 10-1-0 in February

– all 10 victories came in regula-tion – with the only blemish anugly 7-1 road loss to the Vancouv-er Canucks last Thursday.All the Flames did from there

was beat Minnesota 7-3 at hometwo nights later before securinganother four-goal win Tuesdayagainst the same opponent.“The 7-1 game was a tough

one,” Lindholm said Tuesday.“Everything that could go wrong,went wrong.”Very little else has in Calgary

the past few months.

SANDIN BESTS HOCKEY HERO

Alex Ovechkin made headlinesfor his tepid response to ques-tions about Russia’s invasion ofUkraine.The Washington Capitals snip-

er,who’s just five goals away fromovertaking Jaromir Jagr for third

on the NHL’s all-time list, hasbreathlessly supported Russianpresident Vladimir Putin duringhis career, and recently declinedto distance himself from hiscountry’s leader.That controversy didn’t make

the first game for Toronto MapleLeafs defenceman Rasmus Sand-in against Ovechkin any less spe-cial.“A guy I’ve been looking up to

since I was young,” the 21-year-old said. “I think that was one ofmy first jerseys that I ever had.”Sandin also scored the winner

with Ovechkin on the ice late inMonday’s 5-3 victory.“It’s pretty cool to go against

him,” added the blue-liner. “Eventhough right before the goal hecross-checked me right over myarm.“Stung a little bit.”

SENS TO HONOUR UKRAINE

Ottawa Senators owner EugeneMelnyk,whoseparentswere bornin Ukraine, said Wednesday his

team will play the country’s na-tional anthem before homegames the rest of the season.“The unprovoked assault and

the ensuing carnage, unneces-sary human, economic and socialdestruction of a sovereign coun-try is unspeakable and unaccept-able in a civilized world,” Melnykwrote in an open letter. “Andwhile the images from Ukraineshowcourage and resilience, theyalso cry out for help.”Melnyk praised the interna-

tional response, including fromtheNHLand the International IceHockey Federation, and addedthat some proceeds fromupcom-ing 50/50 draws at games will goto organizations providing med-ical and humanitarian assistanceto Ukraine.TheSenatorswill also continue

to play the Canadian and Amer-ican anthems.TheWinnipeg Jets had a Ukrai-

nian choir sing the country’s an-them prior to Tuesday’s gameagainst the Montreal Canadiens.

THE CANADIAN PRESS

Flames continue rolling atop the Pacific Division

JOSHUA CLIPPERTON

Talks with select NHL teams andmajor corporate sponsors haveintensified in the ProfessionalWomen’s Hockey Players’ Associ-ation’sbid to forma leaguewithinthe next year, two people with di-rect knowledge of discussionstold The Associated Press.While progress is being made,

oneof thepeople saidanannoun-cement is not imminent,while al-so cautioning against placing atimeline on when a proposedleaguemadeupof theworld’s topplayers could be ready for open-ing faceoff.“No timeline, but we’re getting

closer,” said the person, who likethe other AP source spoke onlyon the condition of anonymitybecause the discussions are pri-vate.Ina text, PWHPAexecutive Jay-

na Hefford declined to commentWednesday.Details of how the proposed

league would operate are un-known, though the most ideal

scenariowould involveNHL fran-chises on both sides of the borderco-sponsoring women’s teamscompeting in a regular-seasonschedule followed by playoffs.What’s also unclear is when

and how long a PWHPA league’sseasonwouldrun.The topplayershave U.S. and Canadian nationalteam commitments, includingcompeting at the women’s worldchampionships in August, as wellas a yet-to-be scheduled series ofrivalry games expected to beplayed in November.The NHL, as an entity, has

backedoff fundingaprowomen’sleague after the coronavirus pan-demic blew a major hole in itsbudget. That hasn’t stopped theleague from supporting women’shockey, which most recently in-cluded the U.S. women’s teamtaking part in the Winter Classicon Jan. 1 and paying for a charterflight for the team to travel fromitsMinnesota base to Los Angelesen route to the Beijing Olympicslast month.It also hasn’t stopped NHL

franchises from forming their

own partnerships. The PWHPAlists 10 NHL teams as partners, in-cluding Washington, the NewYork Rangers, Pittsburgh, Toron-to, Chicago and Philadelphia.The establishment of a partial-

ly NHL-backed league attractingtop international players wouldbe considereda game-changer forwomen’s hockey.It would be separate from the

six-team Premier Hockey Federa-tion, which was founded in 2015,and remains North America’s on-ly women’s professional hockeyleague. In January, the PHF an-nounced it is expanding to eightteams, and more than doublingits salary cap a team to $750,000next season.PWHPAmembers have mostly

balked at joining the PHFwhile inpursuit of establishing their ownleague in which players receivelivable wages, health care andhave dedicated access to trainingand practice facilities.The PWHPA was formed three

years ago following the demise ofthe Canadian Women’s HockeyLeague. In that time, the associ-

ation has attracted enough cor-porate and media broadcastingpartnerships to base players infive hub cities – two in the U.S.and three in Canada – to practiseand compete against each otherexpense-free in a series of barn-storming weekend events acrossthe continent.The most recent “Dream Gap

Tour” stop was in Ottawa lastweekend, with another sched-uled for Washington, this week-end.The PWHPA is also hosting a

“RivalryRematch” gamebetweenthe United States and Canada setfor Pittsburgh on March 12. It willbe the cross-border rivals’ firstmeeting since CanadawonOlym-pic goldwith a 3-2 victoryover theAmericans last month.The buzz over the PWHPA in-

ching closer to forming a leaguegrew immediately in the after-math of Canada’s victory.Canadian forward Brianne Jen-

ner cited corporate support inboth the PWHPA and PHF by say-ing, “I think we’re not that far off.“I think there is a market out

there, and a lot of people want tosee this level of of women’s hock-ey on a regular basis,” she added.Canada coach Troy Ryan urged

corporate sponsors to get onboard.“The girls deserve an opportu-

nity to be professional athletes,”Ryan said. “I think if anyone issmart out there, corporate spon-sorsordonorsorbusinesspeople,they would back it as a businessplan because I think there’s a via-ble market out there for it.”U.S. captain Kendall Coyne

Schofield grew emotional instressing how important it is forwomen’s hockey to take advan-tage of the boost in attention thesport gets following the Olym-pics.“Women’shockey cannotbe si-

lent after these two weeks,”Coyne Schofield said. “Weneed tocontinue to push for visibility. Weneed to continue to fight forwomen’s hockey because it’s notgood enough. It can’t end afterthe Olympic Games.”

THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

PWHPA inching closer to forming women’s pro hockey league

JOHN WAWROW

B16 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022

CORNERED OFF THE MARK SPEED BUMP BIZARRO

AHL

WednesdayCharlotte 3 Hershey 0Belleville 3 Hartford 2 (OT)Syracuse 6 Rochester 3Abbotsford 6 Toronto 4Providence 5 Lehigh Valley 3Cleveland 4 Laval 2Texas at ChicagoSanDiego at ColoradoTucson atOntarioBakersfield at San Jose

Thursday—All Times EasternRockford atManitoba, 8 p.m.

FridayAbbotsford at Laval, 7 p.m.Iowa at Grand Rapids, 7 p.m.Rochester at Belleville, 7 p.m.Stockton at Laval, 7 p.m.Utica at Syracuse, 7 p.m.WB/Scranton at Bridgeport, 7 p.m.Charlotte at Lehigh Valley, 7:05 p.m.Hershey at Springfield, 7:05 p.m.Texas atMilwaukee, 8 p.m.SanDiego at Colorado, 9:05 p.m.Bakersfield at Stockton, 10 p.m.Henderson at Ontario, 10 p.m.

QMJHL

Wednesday

Saint John 7Halifax 1Blainville-Boisbriand at Chicoutimi

TuesdayHalifax 6 Cape Breton 1Québec 6 Baie-Comeau 3Acadie-Bathurst 4Drummondville 3 (OT)Gatineau 5 Sherbrooke 2

Thursday—All Times EasternMoncton at Cape Breton, 6 p.m.Val-D’or at Rouyn-Noranda, 7 p.m.Drummondville at Shawinigan, 7 p.m.Acadie-Bathurst at Gatineau, 7 p.m.Charlottetown at Victoriaville, 7 p.m.Quebec at Chicoutimi, 7:30 p.m.Baie-Comeau at Rimouski, 7:30 p.m.

OHL

WednesdayOwen Sound 6Kitchener 2London 4Guelph 3 (SO)Sarnia 10 Saginaw6

TuesdayOttawa 5Oshawa 3Thursday—All Times EasternMississauga at Hamilton, 7 p.m.Sudbury at North Bay, 7 p.m.Niagara at Peterborough, 7:05 p.m.Kingston at Barrie, 7:30 p.m.

WHL

WednesdayRegina at BrandonRedDeer at Swift CurrentLethbridge atWinnipegMedicine Hat at EdmontonSpokane at Kamloops

MLS

EASTERN CONFERENCEGP W L T GF GA Pts

Columbus 1 1 0 0 4 0 3D.C. United 1 1 0 0 3 0 3New York 1 1 0 0 3 1 3Atlanta 1 1 0 0 3 1 3Orlando City 1 1 0 0 2 0 3New England 1 0 0 1 2 2 1Toronto FC 1 0 0 1 1 1 1Philadelphia 1 0 0 1 1 1 1Chicago 1 0 0 1 0 0 1Inter Miami CF 1 0 0 1 0 0 1N. York City FC 1 0 1 0 0 1 0Cf Montréal 1 0 1 0 0 2 0Charlotte FC 1 0 1 0 0 3 0Cincinnati 1 0 1 0 0 5 0

WESTERN CONFERENC4EGP W L T GF GA Pts

Austin FC 1 1 0 0 5 0 3Los Angeles FC 1 1 0 0 3 0 3LA Galaxy 1 1 0 0 1 0 3Nashville 1 1 0 0 1 0 3Portland 1 0 0 1 2 2 1FC Dallas 1 0 0 1 1 1 1MinnesotaUnited 1 0 0 1 1 1 1Houston 1 0 0 1 0 0 1Real Salt Lake 1 0 0 1 0 0 1Seattle 1 0 1 0 0 1 0Sporting KC 1 0 1 0 1 3 0San Jose 1 0 1 0 1 3 0Colorado 1 0 1 0 0 3 0Vancouver 1 0 1 0 0 4 0SaturdayAll Times EasternFCDallas at NewEngland, 1:30 p.m.NewYork at Toronto FC, 2 p.m.HoustonatSportingKansasCity,3:30p.m.Philadelphia at CFMontréal, 4 p.m.Columbus at San Jose, 5:30 p.m.D.C. United at Cincinnati, 6 p.m.Orlando City at Chicago, 6 p.m.Nashville atMinnesota, 6 p.m.Atlanta at Colorado, 6 p.m.Seattle at Real Salt Lake, 6 p.m.NewYork City FC at Vancouver, 6 p.m.LAGalaxy at Charlotte FC, 7:30 p.m.

SundayMiami at Austin FC, 4 p.m.Portland at Los Angeles FC, 10 p.m.

NHL

EASTERN CONFERENCEATLANTIC DIVISION

GP W L OL Pts GF GATampa Bay 52 35 11 6 76 182 146Florida 53 35 13 5 75 218 161Toronto 54 35 15 4 74 198 157METROPOLITAN DIVISIONCarolina 53 37 11 5 79 185 126Pittsburgh 55 33 14 8 74 178 148N.Y. Rangers 53 33 15 5 71 157 134WILD CARDBoston 54 32 18 4 68 161 146Washington 55 28 18 9 65 176 156Columbus 54 28 25 1 57 179 196Detroit 55 24 24 6 54 160 194N.Y. Islanders 50 20 22 8 48 128 142Ottawa 52 19 28 5 43 137 166New Jersey 54 19 30 5 43 167 197Philadelphia 53 16 27 10 42 131 184Buffalo 55 17 30 8 42 148 196Montreal 54 13 34 7 33 127 206

WESTERN CONFERENCECENTRAL DIVISION

GP W L OL Pts GF GAColorado 54 40 10 4 84 218 153St. Louis 52 32 14 6 70 188 141Minnesota 51 31 17 3 65 191 162PACIFIC DIVISIONCalgary 52 32 14 6 70 182 125Los Angeles 54 29 18 7 65 159 153Vegas 54 30 20 4 64 174 157WILD CARDNashville 53 30 19 4 64 163 151Edmonton 54 30 21 3 63 179 171Dallas 52 29 20 3 61 151 151Anaheim 56 26 21 9 61 165 172Vancouver 55 26 23 6 58 154 158Winnipeg 54 24 21 9 57 163 166San Jose 54 24 24 6 54 143 168Chicago 54 19 27 8 46 134 185Seattle 55 16 34 5 37 140 196Arizona 53 14 35 4 32 122 195WednesdayBuffalo 5 Toronto 1St. Louis at N.Y. RangersLos Angeles at DallasNashville at SeattleTuesdayEdmonton 3 Philadelphia 0Columbus 4New Jersey 3Tampa Bay 5Ottawa 2Detroit 4 Carolina 3 (OT)Calgary 5Minnesota 1Winnipeg 8Montreal 4Colorado 5N.Y. Islanders 3Anaheim 4 Boston 3Vegas 3 San Jose 1Thursday—All Times EasternCarolina atWashington, 7 p.m.Minnesota at Philadelphia, 7 p.m.Ottawa at Florida, 7 p.m.Pittsburgh at Tampa Bay, 7 p.m.Vancouver at N.Y. Islanders, 7:30 p.m.Edmonton at Chicago, 8:30 p.m.Boston at Vegas, 9 p.m.Colorado at Arizona, 9 p.m.Montreal at Calgary, 9 p.m.FridayDetroit at Tampa Bay, 7 p.m.Los Angeles at Columbus, 7 p.m.Minnesota at Buffalo, 7 p.m.New Jersey at N.Y. Rangers, 7 p.m.Pittsburgh at Carolina, 7 p.m.Dallas atWinnipeg, 8 p.m.Vegas at Anaheim, 10 p.m.

ENGLAND

PREMIER LEAGUEMP W D L GF GA Pt

Man City 27 21 3 3 64 17 66Liverpool 26 18 6 2 70 20 60Chelsea 25 14 8 3 49 18 50Man United 27 13 8 6 44 34 47West Ham 27 13 6 8 46 34 45Arsenal 24 14 3 7 38 27 45Tottenham 25 13 3 9 35 32 42Wolverhampton 26 12 4 10 24 21 40Southampton 26 8 11 7 34 37 35Brighton 26 7 12 7 25 30 33Crystal Palace 27 6 12 9 37 38 30Aston Villa 25 9 3 13 33 37 30Leicester 24 8 6 10 39 43 30Newcastle 25 5 10 10 28 45 25Brentford 27 6 6 15 27 44 24Leeds 26 5 8 13 29 60 23Everton 24 6 4 14 28 41 22Burnley 25 3 12 10 22 32 21Watford 26 5 4 17 25 47 19Norwich 26 4 5 17 15 55 17TuesdayBurnley 0 Leicester 2

SaturdayAll Times Eastern

Leicester vs. Leeds, 7:30 a.m.Aston Villa vs. Southampton, 10 a.m.Burnley vs. Chelsea, 10 a.m.Newcastle vs. Brighton, 10 a.m.Norwich vs. Brentford, 10 a.m.Wolverhamptonvs.CrystalPalace,10a.m.

BASKETBALL

NBA: Detroit vs. Toronto, TSN 1, 3, 4,7:30 p.m.NBA:Miamivs.Brooklyn,SN360,7:30p.m.NBA: L.A. Lakers vs. L.A. Clippers, SN360, 10 p.m.

GOLF

DPWorld Tour: Magical KenyaOpen,First Round, Golf Channel, 5 a.m., 6 a.m.PGA: Puerto RicoOpen, First Round,Golf Channel, 10 a.m.PGA: Arnold Palmer Invitational, FirstRound, Golf Channel, 2 p.m.LPGA: HSBCWomen'sWorldChampionship, Second Round, GolfChannel, 9:30 p.m.

HOCKEY

NHL: Ottawa vs. Florida, TSN 5, 7 p.m.NHL: Vancouver vs. N.Y. Islanders, SNPacific, 7:30 p.m.NHL: Edmonton vs. Chicago, SN 1, East,Ontario, 8:30 p.m.; SN Pacific, 10 p.m.NHL:Montreal vs. Calgary, TSN 2, SNWest, 9 p.m.

RUGBY

Super League:Wakefield Trinity vs.Leeds Rhinos, SNWorld 1, 3 p.m.

SOCCER

Corky Cup: Anderlecht vs. Eupen, DAZN,2:45 p.m.FA Cup: Everton vs. BorehamWood, SNWorld, 3 p.m.

TENNIS

WTA: LyonOpen, Day 4, DAZN, 6 a.m.WTA: Abierto GNP Seguros, Day 4,DAZN, 4 p.m.

TELEVISIONTHURSDAY (ALL TIMES EASTERN)

NBA

EASTERN CONFERENCEW L Pct GB

Miami 41 21 .661 —Chicago 39 23 .629 2Philadelphia 37 23 .617 3Milwaukee 37 25 .596 4Cleveland 36 26 .581 5Boston 37 27 .578 5Toronto 34 27 .557 6.5Brooklyn 32 31 .507 9.5Charlotte 31 33 .484 11Atlanta 29 32 .475 11.5Washington 28 33 .459 12.5NewYork 25 36 .410 15.5Indiana 22 42 .344 20Detroit 15 47 .241 26Orlando 15 48 .238 26.5WESTERN CONFERENCE

W L Pct GBPhoenix 49 12 .803 —Golden State 43 19 .693 6.5Memphis 43 20 .682 7Utah 38 22 .633 10.5Dallas 37 25 .597 12.5Denver 36 25 .590 13Minnesota 34 29 .539 16L.A. Clippers 33 31 .516 17.5L.A. Lakers 27 34 .443 22NewOrleans 25 36 .410 24Portland 25 36 .410 24SanAntonio 24 38 .387 25.5Sacramento 23 40 .365 27OklahomaCity 19 42 .311 30Houston 15 46 .245 34Note: The top eight teams per conferencewill qualify for the playoffsWednesdayCharlotte 119, Cleveland 98Indiana 122, Orlando 114 (OT)NewYork at PhiladelphiaMiami atMilwaukeeSacramento at NewOrleansUtah at HoustonOklahomaCity at DenverPortland at Phoenix

TuesdayBoston 107, Atlanta 98L.A. Clippers 113, Houston 100Toronto 109, Brooklyn 108Washington 116, Detroit 113Minnesota 129, Golden State 114Dallas 109, L.A. Lakers 104

ThursdayChicago at Atlanta, 7 p.m.Detroit at Toronto, 7:30 p.m.Memphis at Boston, 7:30 p.m.Miami at Brooklyn, 7:30 p.m.Golden State at Dallas, 8:30 p.m.Sacramento at SanAntonio, 8:30 p.m.L.A. Lakers at L.A. Clippers, 10 p.m.

FridayAtlanta atWashington, 7 p.m.Cleveland at Philadelphia, 7 p.m.Indiana at Detroit, 7 p.m.Milwaukee at Chicago, 7:30 p.m.Orlando at Toronto, 7:30 p.m.Minnesota at OklahomaCity, 8 p.m.Utah at NewOrleans, 8 p.m.Houston at Denver, 9 p.m.NewYork at Phoenix, 10 p.m.

TuesdayRedDeer 11Medicine Hat 1Seattle 4 Kelowna 3

ITALY

COPPA ITALIA

SEMIFINALFirst LegWednesdayFiorentina 0, Juventus 1

TuesdayACMilan 0, Internazionale 0

FRANCE

COUPE DE FRANCE

SEMIFINALWednesdayNantes 2,Monaco 2(Nance advances 4-2 on penalties)TuesdayNice 2, Versailles 78 0

WTA

LYON OPEN

At Lyon, FranceWednesday

SINGLES— ROUND OF 32Vitalia Diatchenko, , def. Anna-LenaFriedsam, Germany, 6-3, 2-6, 6-4.Viktorija Golubic (3), Switzerland, def.Mai Hontama, Japan, 1-6, 6-4, 6-4.ROUND OF 16Anna Bondar, Hungary, def. KatieBoulter, Britain, 6-3, ret.Sorana Cirstea (2), Romania, def.Stefanie Voegele, Switzerland, 6-3, 7-5.DOUBLES— ROUND OF 16Hao-Ching Chan, Taiwan, and JuliaLohoff (2), Germany, def. Eden Silva,Britain, and Kimberley Zimmermann,Belgium, 5-7, 6-1, 10-2.Vera Zvonareva, , and LauraSiegemund, Germany, def. Arantxa Rus,Netherlands, and Greet Minnen,Belgium,walkover.

FA CUP

FIFTH ROUND

Wednesday

Liverpool 2, Norwich CIty 1Luton Town 2, Chelsea 3Southampton 3,West Ham1

Tuesday

PeterboroughUnited0,Manchester City 2Crystal Palace 2, Stoke City 1Middlesbrough 1, Tottenham0 (ET)

ThursdayAll Times Eastern

Everton vs. BorehamWood, 3:15 p.m.

GERMANY

DFB POKAL

QUARTERFINALWednesday

Hamburg SV 2, Karlsruher 2(Hamburg SV advances 3-2 on penalties)Hannover 96 0, RB Leipzig 4VfL Bochum1, SC Freiburg 2

Tuesday

FCUnion Berlin 2, St Pauli 1

Carrying Canada’s flag into theopening ceremony of the BeijingParalympicswill feel like a victoryin itself, say Ina Forrest and GregWestlake.Forrest, a three-time Paralym-

pic medalist in wheelchair curl-ing,andWestlake,oneofCanada’smost decorated hockey players,were chosen as Canada’s flag-bearers for Friday’s opening cere-mony at Bird’s Nest Stadium.Andafter twoyearsofupheaval

caused by COVID-19, includingthe crush of cases the past coupleof months due to the Omicronvariant, theveteranParalympianswererejoicingonWednesdayoversuccessfullygettingtothestartingline.“When you finally get on the

flight and know you’re going,you’re like ‘Wow, we made it ev-erybody,’ ” Forrest said.“It was stressful,” Westlake

added. “We could lie and say itwasn’t, but one of the biggestchallenges for these Games wasjust getting to these Games.”Beijingmarks the first time Pa-

ralympic flag-bearerdutieswill beshared by two Canadian athletes.Westlake and Forrest are twoof

Canada’s most decorated winterParalympians. Forrest, a 59-year-old fromSpallumcheen, B.C., cap-turedgoldat the2010and2014Pa-ralympics, plus bronze four yearsago in Pyeongchang. She also hasthree world titles.Shewas struck by a drunk driv-

er andparalyzedwhen shewas 21,

but didn’t consider sports untilshe was approached by an avidwheelchair curler in a grocerystore in 2004. She was named toher first national team two yearslater.“Pretty excited and thrilled

to be chosen,” Forrest said onflag-bearer honours. “It’s one ofthose just-so-proud-to-be-Cana-dianmoments.AndasaCanadianathlete, you have a few of thosethrough your career. So, this willbe just one more to add to thepackage of something you justfeel deep inside your heart.”Westlake, a 35-year-old from

Oakville, Ont., is making his fifthParalympic appearance. The for-mer long-time Canadian teamcaptain won gold in 2006 andbronze in 2014, and lost in the

gold-medal game to rival U.S. in2018.Westlake, who had both legs

amputated below the knee whenhewas just 18months old after hewas born with malformed feet,has been a strong voice for Para-lympians for years.“It’s been a long time, a lot of

advocacy, a lot of just standing upfor Paralympians over the years,trying to really promote just thequality of athletes and more im-portantly the quality of people.Being involved in Paralympicsport has just had such a pro-foundimpactonmylifeandreallyshaped the man I am today,” hesaid. “So, I’m extremely proud.I’m extremely humbled by thehonour and I just can’t wait to getout there withmy teammates.”

It was fitting, Westlakelaughed, that both he and Forrestlearned they’d be flag-bearersover a Zoom call with Canada’schef demission Josh Dueck.With the shuttering of training

facilities, and tight travel restric-tions, Canadian athletes havebeen among the hardest hit byCOVID-19.Westlake credited Hockey Can-

ada for their “amazing job” pre-paring players and ensuring theyhad the necessary tools at theirdisposal, whether it was access toice,or fake iceplayers couldsetupin their garages to practise stick-handling and shooting.“Andwe had [Zoommeetings]

weekly, daily and we reallypushedourselves inother aspectsthatmaybewejustdidn’thavethe

time to do before,” he said. “Weworked so much on our mentalresiliency, our mental toughness,our sports psychology. We weredoing book reports, things that Ihadn’tdone inyearsasahigh-per-formance athlete.“We tried to enjoy it asmuch as

wecould.Andnow, it’s thepayoff.We’re here and we get to be to-gether and play together andcompete.”The threat of testing positive

forCOVID-19amidthehighlycon-tagious Omicron variant meantseveral weeks spent in virtual iso-lation for both Westlake and For-rest.“As a team, you’re just wanting

to protect each other. So, you’renot together because that’s thesafest way to be. And that’s a hardway to be a teampreparing for Pa-ralympics,” Forrest said. “Whenwe finally did get together, it wasgreat to be able to practise andtrain the way we like to train. Butagain, you’re in the bubble situa-tion,you’reaway fromhome.Andit just seems like it was so easy forpeople to catch COVID-19, so youwere still really worried.”Canada’s COVID-19 restrictions

meant Canada’s Para hockeyteamarrived inBeijingwithonlyahalf dozen games under its beltthis past season. The team hasplayed two exhibition games inBeijing, beating South Korea 7-0onTuesday and theCzechRepub-lic 6-0 onWednesday.The Paralympics open Friday

and run throughMarch 13.Nordic skiing star Brian

McKeever, a 17-time Paralympicmedalist, was Canada’s flag-bear-er at the opening ceremony fouryears ago in South Korea. Para ju-do athlete Priscilla Gagne carriedthe Maple Leaf into the openingceremony at the Tokyo SummerParalympics in August.

THE CANADIAN PRESS

Forrest, Westlake named Canada’s flag-bearersOpening ceremonywill mark the first timethe Paralympic honourwill be shared by twoCanadian athletes

LORI EWING

Ina Forrest, a three-time Paralympic medalist in wheelchair curling, says she was thrilled to be chosen to lift theCanadian flag at the Beijing Paralympics. ‘It’s one of those just-so-proud-to-be-Canadian moments.’JUNG YEON-JE/AFP VIA GETTY IMAGES

| REPORT ON BUSINESS

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I B17SOCCER

Facingacrisisoff the field,Chelseawas inaspotofbotheronWednes-daywhentheteamfellbehindnotjust once but twice to a lower-league opponent in the FA Cup.In the end, themost expensive

player of the Roman Abramovichera bailed Chelsea out.RomeluLukaku completed the

comeback with a 78th-minutewinner as the European cham-pions beat second-tier Luton 3-2away to reach the quarter-finals.Other teams advancing from

the fifth round were Liverpool,which beat Norwich 2-1, andSouthampton, a 3-1 winneragainst West Ham, in all-PremierLeaguematchups.Chelsea’s players took the field

at Kenilworth Road barely anhour after Abramovich made hisstunning announcement that hewas looking to sell the Londonclubafter 19 years in control, ashe

faces the threat of financial sanc-tions targeting Russians in thewake of the invasion of Ukraine.“You’re getting sold in the

morning,” was one of the chantssung from Luton fans, who werein raptures after their team wentahead for the first time throughReece Burke’s second-minuteheader.Saul Niguez equalized in the

27thminute, only for Luton to re-gain the lead in the 40th whenHarry Cornick ran clear of Chel-sea’s defence to sidefoot home afinish.Timo Werner grabbed Chel-

sea’s second equalizer in the 68thminute, before crossing for Luka-ku to slot in with 12minutes left.“There was some noise today

around the club, of course, so itwas not so easy to focus,” Chelseamanager Thomas Tuchel said,“but we did very well I think.”“In theveryshort term,”Tuchel

added, “for us as a team, staff andplayers, hopefully [it will change]not too much. Maybe even it willchange nothing. But the situationis now out there and a big situa-tion.”Back in action four days after

beatingChelsea intheLeagueCup

final, Liverpool stayed on coursefor an improbable quadruple oftrophies with a second win overNorwich in 11 days.Jurgen Klopp fielded a heavily

rotated teamfeaturing 10changesandoneof them,TakumiMinami-no, scoredboth goals – in the 27thand 39thminutes.Liverpool reached the FA Cup

quarter-finals for the first timeunder Klopp, whose team is sec-ond in thePremier League andoncourse to advance to the Cham-pions League quarter-finals.Norwich, which lost to Liver-

pool twice in the league – includ-ingas recentlyas lastmonth–andin the League Cup, scoredthrough Lukas Rupp in the 76th.Southampton also rang the

changes – nine in total – againstWest Ham but still came through,with substitute Armando Brojascoring one goal and earning apenalty that was dispatched byJamesWard-Prowse.Manchester City, Crystal Palace

and second-tier Middlesbroughadvanced Tuesday, while Evertonplayshost tonon-league teamBo-rehamWood on Thursday.

THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

Chelsea striker Romelu Lukaku, front, scored against Luton in the 78th minute of their match on Wednesday topunch his team’s ticket to the FA Cup quarter-finals. ADRIAN DENNIS/AFP VIA GETTY IMAGES

Chelsea advances inFA Cup amid off-fieldownership crisisBlues complete 3-2comeback against Lutonthanks to Lukaku goal

STEVE DOUGLAS

Toronto FC’s dismal 2021 season is now in the MLSteam’s rearviewmirror, like a crashed car on the sideof the highway.Seventeen first-teamplayers fromthe6-18-10cam-

paign havemoved on, with Jamaican international defenderKemar Lawrence likely No. 18. Young defender Luke Singh isexpected to go out on loan to FC Edmonton of the CPL.NewcoachBobBradley,whodoublesasToronto’s sporting

director, prefers to look forward rather than back and has of-fered little onwhat happened before his arrival other than tosuggest that the club’s recent nomadic ways due to the pan-demic and poor record last year meant “that there were justguys indifferentplaces, guys thatweren’t as committed to theclub as theymight have been earlier.“Guys that in differentmoments just hadn’t been commit-

ted toall the things that youneed todo tobepartof awinningteam,” he said after taking over.Teenage midfielder Jayden Nelson shed a little more light

Wednesday after a BMOField training session aheadof Satur-day’s home opener against the New York Red Bulls.Nelson,whoworkedundercoachesChrisArmasand Javier

Perez last season, suggested that this year’s dressing room ismore receptive andwelcoming to the Toronto’s young guns.“It’smore refreshing. I feel likenowit’smorevets thatwant

to help the young guys come up and stuff like that,” said the19-year-old midfielder. “It’s kind of a better environment. I’llsay it feels totally different in the changing room. I wouldn’tsay less egos, it’smore of a family in the changing roomso it’snice to be around there now.“Sometimes it’s hard to get alongwith guys thathavedone

bigger things in the sport already,” he added. “It’s just a bal-ance that we have now that’s better.”While the revamped TFC roster is still a work in progress,

Bradley showed in the season-opening 1-1 tie at FCDallas thathe has no problem going with homegrown talent.Toronto’s starting 11 featured five Canadians: veteranmid-

fielder Jonathan Osorio plus 17-year-old Marshall-Rutty, 19-year-oldNelsonandDeandreKerrand22-year-old JacobShaf-felburg. There were six other Canadians on the bench.Nelson,anativeofBrampton,Ont.,whohaswonthreecaps

for Canada, also credited Bradley for the improved atmo-sphere.“He’s hands-on with everyone and he doesn’t really have

any favouritism or anything,” he said. “If you’re, lets say, a re-serve or a starter, it’s all the same. So that’s what I think setshim apart fromprobably the previousmanagers, whichweregreat, but it’s refreshing to have him here.”Toronto has 13 players aged 24 and under on the first-team

roster with 12 of those Canadian.“It’s somethingthatwe’reallbeenwaiting for,”Nelsoncon-

tinued. “So we’re just excited to get on the pitch and play to-gether like howwe did at the [TFC] academy.”

THE CANADIAN PRESS

TFC young gun saysnew-look team hasmore of a family feelNEIL DAVIDSON

Toronto FC’s Jayden Nelson, front, suggests that this year’sdressing room is more receptive and welcoming to the youngplayers. THE CANADIAN PRESS

Former England defender GaryNeville believes Roman Abra-movich and other foreign own-ers have been good for thePremier League, saying theEnglish top flight has becomemore competitive as a result.Russian businessman Abra-

movich said on Wednesday hewould sell Chelsea FootballClub, 19 years after buying theteam, amid growing calls for the55-year-old to be hit by sanc-tions after Russia’s invasion ofits neighbour Ukraine.Abramovich said that a sale

was in the best interests of thereigning European champions,and Neville, speaking at theFinancial Times Football Busi-ness Summit before news brokeof Chelsea’s sale, defended themetals magnate and overseasinvestment in the English game.Neville said the “alleged links

between Abramovich and[Russian President Vladimir]

Putin,” which the Chelseaowner has denied, causedproblems for the club butshould not lead to Abramovichbeing kicked out of Englishfootball.The Premier League, he said,

had benefited from the Rus-sian’s involvement.“He [Abramovich] has been

an owner of Chelsea now for 20years and from my point ofview I have spoken openlyabout how I have welcomedthe challenge to the historicalelite, which was ManchesterUnited, Liverpool and Arsenal.“New money into Chelsea,

Blackburn all those years agowhen Jack Walker put moneyin, Leicester City winning theleague, Manchester City and theAbu Dhabi wealth, I do believewe are a stronger league for it,more competitive and admiredall around the world.”REUTERS

PREMIER LEAGUE HAS BENEFITED FROMABRAMOVICH’S INVOLVEMENT, NEVILLE SAYS

Chelsea had won the league titleonly once – in 1955 – when Abra-movich bought the club in 2003.Helped by a number of expen-sive signings, the club won thePremier League title two yearslater and has added four moresince then, most recently in 2017.The haul of 18 trophies in 19

years also includes two Cham-pions League titles and the ClubWorld Cup success he was in AbuDhabi to witness last month.His last public visit to a match

at Stamford Bridge was last yearafter also hosting Israeli Presi-dent Isaac Herzog at the stadiumin November.Abramovich rarely speaks

publicly but did give an inter-view to Forbes last year, in partexplaining the purchase of Chel-sea in 2003 for £140-million in-cluding £75-million of debt.“In hindsight, especially with

the public profile it would bringme, maybe I would have thoughtdifferently about owning a club,”Abramovich was quoted as tell-ing Forbes. “But, at the time, Ijust saw this incredible gameand that I wanted to be a part of

that in one way or another.”Abramovich was the first of

the megarich owners to enterEnglish football, starting a trendthat has continued with Man-chester City benefiting from AbuDhabi investment since 2008and Saudi Arabia’s sovereignwealth fund buying Newcastlelast year.It is unclear how the sale will

affect Chelsea’s finances. There isa long-term need to revampStamford Bridge to generatemore income from fans and cor-porate backers. Chelsea has thesmallest and most dated stadi-um of the Premier League’s mostsuccessful clubs, with plans for arebuild of the 41,000-capacityvenue put on hold by Abramov-ich in 2018 as British-Russiandiplomatic tensions deepened.Abramovich has not had a

British visa since 2018 when a re-newal application was takinglonger than usual to go throughand was withdrawn. That cameat a time when Britain pledgedto review the long-term visas ofrich Russians in the aftermath ofthe poisonings of Russian formerspy Sergei Skripal and his daugh-ter in the English city of Salis-

bury. Britain blamed Russia forthe pair’s exposure to a nerveagent, an allegation Moscow de-nies.Abramovich’s connections to

Putin have been the subject ofspeculation for years.In 2012, a High Court judge in

London highlighted Abramov-ich’s connections to Putin in aruling related to a legal battle.Judge Elizabeth Gloster saidAbramovich had “very good rela-tions” and “privileged access” toPutin though adding he couldnot “pull the presidentialstrings.” Abramovich has deniedtaking any orders from Putin.The ripples of the war also led

to the loss of key Russian-linkedsponsorship at another PremierLeague club on Wednesday.Everton suspended deals with

firms owned by Alisher Usma-nov, a Russian metals tycoonwho has been sanctioned by theEuropean Union. Usmanov’sfirms include USM which has thenaming rights to the trainingground and paid £30-million forthe same rights to a new stadiumbeing built in Liverpool.

THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

Chelsea: Abramovich started a run of megarich owners in English soccerFROM B13

VANCOUVER The Vancouver Whitecaps are asking their fansto support Ukraine as the Eastern European country grap-ples with a Russian invasion. Fans attending the Whitecaps’home opener against NYCFC on Saturday are being encour-aged to wear yellow and blue clothing to show their sup-port for Ukraine. The Whitecaps say they will donate to theCanadian Red Cross Ukraine Humanitarian Crisis Appealon behalf of everyone who attends Saturday’s match. Van-couver’s Major League Soccer club is also encouraging fansto make additional individual donations to support Uk-raine. THE CANADIAN PRESS

WHITECAPS ENCOURAGE FANS TO SUPPORT UKRAINE

B18 I THE GLOBE AND MAIL | THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022

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DEATHS

SUSAN THERESE BAKER

Peacefully, with family by herside at Joseph Brant Hospital, onMonday, February 28, 2022.

Beloved wife of Dr. MichaelWilliam Baker for 59 years andloving mother of Sean andStephen (Denise) and cherishedgrandmother of Sophia, Kendall,Benjamin and William Baker andadded grandmother to Olivia andNorah McCormick.

Predeceased by her parents andher sister and sorely missed byher surviving brother Piers (Gill),sisters Lise Kent (Richard) and EttaFrench (Ron Aubrey) and manyfriends and family in Kingston,Burlington, Oakville and aroundthe world.

Sue was born in Gainsborough,England and immigrated toCanada in 1950 with her parentsfirst living in Westmount, PQ andthen moving to Ottawa, whereshe attended Nepean high school.When Sue was 19 years of age,she joined the Royal Canadian AirForce, where she met Michael.

Following her discharge from theRCAF, Sue raised her two sonstogether with Michael throughtheir numerous military postings,some of the more notable onesbeing North Bay, ON; Duluth,MN; Ottawa, ON; Winnipeg, MB;Fredericton, NB; Lahr, Germanyand Kingston, ON.

Along the way, Sue earned aBachelor of Education at theUniversity of Manitoba followedby a Master’s Degree in Educationfrom the University of NewBrunswick. Sue taught for morethan 21 years, most of which wasspent with the Catholic DistrictSchool Board in Kingston.

Following Michael’s retirementfrom the military as a Major andher retirement from teaching inKingston, Sue was not contentto sit still but rather gatheredMichael and continued to use herskills as a gifted teacher to workas a Special Education teacherat Western Academy Beijing inBeijing China for three years andthen for two years in Cairo, Egypt.

Upon returning to Canada,Michael and Sue spent somefurther time in Kingston beforemoving to Burlington, ON. Neverone to be shy, Sue joined theBurlington Women’s Probus Clubwhere she was involved withthe Hiking and Book Clubs. Inthe last few years, Sue was ableto spend time doing the thingsshe loved including walking hercherished Standard Poodle Izzy,hiking in Newfoundland andthe Rockies, visiting Ireland andParis, and spending time withher grandchildren in Oakville andNorth Carolina.

Sue lived a wonderful life, full ofstrength and kindness. She, inturn, was loved very much.

In lieu of flowers, Sue wouldlike you to consider a donationto the Canadian Cancer Societyfor Breast Cancer Research orCarpenter Hospice.

Visitation will be held at theKopriva Taylor Community FuneralHome, 64 Lakeshore Road West,Oakville on Friday, March 4, 2022from 4 p.m.-8 p.m. Funeral Masswill be held on Saturday, March5, 2022 at St. Andrew CatholicChurch, 47 Reynolds Street,Oakville at 1:30 p.m.

Online condolences atwww.koprivataylor.com.

DEATHS

SISTER JOSEPHINE CONLINCSJ

(formerly Sister Mary Herbert)

Died peacefully at Sisters ofSt. Joseph Residence, 2 O’ConnorDrive, Toronto, Ontario onTuesday, March 1, 2022 in the69th year of her religious life.

Sister Josephine (Jo) ispredeceased by her parents,Herbert Conlin and Mary (Rowan)Conlin, her brother Gerry (Helen)and her sisters Genevieve Bennett(Joseph), Margaret Crawford(Edward), Teresa Read (David),Isabel Walsh (John), Agnes Heintz(Edward) and Frances Conlin.

She will be lovingly missed by hersister, Rosemary McCabe, manynieces and nephews as well as herdear friend Joanne and her Sistersin community.

Sister Jo grew up in Torontowhere she attended St. Joseph’sCollege School and aftergraduation chose nursing as herprofession, entering St. Joseph’sHospital School of Nursing,Class of 1949. Four years later,Sister Jo answered her callto religious life and enteredthe Sisters of St. Joseph ofToronto, on September 8, 1953,where she became known asSister Mary Herbert.

After many years of nursing atSt. Joseph’s Hospital, Sister Jobecame the Director of the Schoolof Nursing from 1962 to 1975.Following this, Sister Jo becamea specialist in Pastoral Studies,Health Care Services. She becameDirector of Chaplaincy Servicesboth in Toronto and Hamiltonfrom 1978-1983.

After further studies in theology,Sister Jo served in the ministryof Spiritual Direction andRetreat work for the next15 years. In 2006, Sister Jobecame a volunteer with severalorganizations, the last one beingat “Becoming Neighbors” whereshe prayed for new Canadians.

During her time at St. Joseph’sResidence at 2 O’Connor, she waspresent to all, continuing to touchmany people’s lives from herwheelchair, always with a smileon her face and a big hello.

Sister Jo’s love for the alumniof St. Joseph’s School ofNursing was evident as sheattended their annual eventsand in turn her affection wasreturned as evidenced by thejoyous reception she was givenby her former students as sheentered the room.

As a nurse herself, Sister Johad a special affection for thenurses who cared for her atSt. Joseph’s Residence andthis was reciprocated by them.The most common words theyused to describe her were:gracious, grateful and a womanwith a beautiful soul.

Visitation will take place on Friday,March 4, 2022 at St. Anselm’sChurch, 1 MacNaughton Road,Toronto, ON from 11:00 - 11:30 a.m.Followed by the celebrationof the Mass of Christian BurialInterment at Holy Cross Cemetery.In lieu of flowers, donationsmay be made to FontbonneMinistries, 791 Queen Street East,Toronto, ON M4M 1H6.

IN MEMORIAM

JOEL DAVID SCHWARTZApr i l 29, 1983March 3, 2009

Having, loving, and losingJoel continues to make us

who we are.

Larry, Julie and Jonathan

In Loving Memory

FUNERAL SERVICES

WEDNESDAYSENGAUS, Jean - 11:00

Holy Blossom Memorial Park.GREENBERG, David -

2:00 Pardes Chaim Cemetery.

FRIDAYBULKIN, Leslie - 1:00 Pardes Shalom Cemetery.

SHIVAHOLTZKENER, Ida - Family Shiva,.

GREENGLASS, Morton -650 Briar Hill Avenue, # 303.BIMBLICH, Joe - Family Shiva,.COHEN, Rhea - Family Shiva,.

FREEMAN, Naomi - 55 Ameer Avenue.

2401 Steeles Ave. W. 416-663-9060All service details are available

on our websiteDONATIONS ONLINEwww.benjamins.ca

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Sports

As strange as it might seemjudging by the standings,the visiting Detroit Pistons

will go for a sweep of their three-game season series with the To-ronto Raptors on Thursday night.The Pistons, coached by for-

mer Raptors coach Dwane Casey,have won the first two meetingsbetween the teams, most recent-ly a 103-87 drubbing at Detroit onJan. 14.The Pistons also swept three

games from the Raptors last sea-son and are 8-7 against themoverthe past four seasons. They havenever swept the Raptors two sea-sons in a row.After their 116-113 loss to the

host Washington Wizards onTuesday, the Pistons were 14th inthe Eastern Conference.After squeaking past the visit-

ing Brooklyn Nets 109-108 onTuesday, the Raptors were sev-enth in the East.The Pistons have won three of

their past five games, defeatingthe Boston Celtics, ClevelandCavaliers and Charlotte Hornetsby a combined five points.In the loss to the Wizards on

Tuesday, Jerami Grant scored 26points, Cade Cunningham 20 andSaddiq Bey 19 for the Pistons.“I like the way we’re connect-

ing; the ball is moving aroundand we’re finding the right per-son,” Casey said. “Our one-on-one defence has to be betterthroughout the game.”Toronto will go for a third

straight win after taking twofrom the Nets, starting Mondaywith a 133-97 blowout in Brook-lyn.The Raptors were without OG

Anunoby (finger injury) and FredVanVleet (knee) for both games.On Tuesday, Gary Trent Jr. had ateam-high 24 points for Toronto.The Raptors were backed by a

crowd of 18,903 as attendancelimits were removed for the firsttime since Dec. 11 with the relaxa-tion of COVID-19 restrictions.Anunoby had played with a

non-displaced fracture in the ringfinger of his right hand beforepersistent pain led to anMRI thatrevealed the injury.He visited a hand specialist on

Monday.“The specialist said it was

nearly healed,” Raptors coachNick Nurse said. “It’s getting bet-ter every day. I guess we’re wait-ing to determine [if] he’s able toplay on it. They said probablywithin two weeks it would be ful-ly healed, so I guess we’re just try-ing to decide which route we’regoing to take.”VanVleet played some games

with the bruised knee that kepthim sidelined against Brooklyn.As with Anunoby, the question iswhether he will be able to playdespite the injury.“Is there a chance he could

[make it worse]? Yeah, It’sbruised; he could get hit again,”Nurse said. “He could play, aswe’ve seen, as well. Obviously, itprobably gets a lot better withrest, a lot quicker. For me, if guyswant to play, we’re playing themif they want to play through it.”

REUTERS

Pistons seek seasonsweep of RaptorsToronto unsure whenAnunoby, VanVleet willreturn to the lineup

MEXICO TO REPLACE RUSSIA ATLANGFORD RUGBY SEVENS

Mexico will replace Russia in the12-team field for the HSBC Cana-da Women’s Sevens next monthin Langford, B.C. World Rugbyannounced Monday that Russiahad been barred from all in-ternational rugby and cross-border club rugby activities untilfurther notice in the wake of theinvasion of Ukraine. The Russianwomen stood third in the WorldSeries standings after fourevents. “We fully support WorldRugby’s strong stance and deci-sion to suspend Russia from allinternational rugby and cross-border club activities,” RugbyCanada chair Sally Dennis saidin a statement. Rugby Canada,its provincial unions and clubswill not compete against Russiaat any level until peace is re-stored. The Langford field willalso feature Australia, Brazil,Ireland, England, Fiji, France,Japan, New Zealand, Spain andthe U.S. Japan, which joins thefield as an invitational team, willcompete on the Sevens Seriesfor the first time since 2020. TheLangford tournament, which isscheduled for April 30-May 1, istaking place for the first timesince 2019 because of the pan-demic. THE CANADIAN PRESS

PANDEMIC-DELAYED 2020VOYAGEURS CUP SET FOR JUNE

Thanks to the pandemic, the2022 Canadian Championshipwill kick off a month before thefinal of the 2020 tournament.Canada Soccer announcedWednesday that the 2022 editionwill run May through July with13 teams. At the same time, itsaid that Toronto FC and ForgeFC will meet June 4 at Hamil-ton’s Tim Hortons Field in thepandemic-delayed 2020 final.The 2020 tournament was post-poned because of COVID andthen eventually whittled downto a one-off game between CPLchampion Forge and Toronto,which posted the best record ina mini in-season tournamentwith Montreal and Vancouverwhen MLS resumed play in 2020with Canadian teams playingamong themselves. Forge FCqualified for the final after win-ning the Island Games, the CPL’struncated 2020 season. The drawfor the 2022 tournament, mean-while, will take place March 9.The first round is scheduled forMay 10-12 with the quarter-finalsMay 24-26, semi-finals June 21-23and the final on a date in July tobe determined.THE CANADIAN PRESS

GIANTS ADD A SECOND WOMANTO COACHING STAFF, RELEASERUDOLPH

EAST RUTHERFORD, N.J. The NewYork Giants have added a sec-ond woman to their coaching

staff, and started clearing capspace for free agency by releas-ing veteran tight end Kyle Ru-dolph. New coach Brian Dabollon Wednesday announced Ange-la Baker has joined his staff asthe inaugural recipient of theRosie Brown Minority CoachingFellowship. Baker will be theoffensive quality control coach.The fellowship is named inhonour of Hall of Famer RosieBrown, arguably the best offen-sive lineman in Giants history.Shortly after replacing Joe Judge,Daboll hired Laura Young as theteam’s director of coachingoperations. He had worked withher in Buffalo. Daboll also hiredCade Knox as an offensive assist-ant/game manager.THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

SPURS’ MURRAY FINED FORHITTING REF WITH BALL

San Antonio Spurs all-star guardDejounte Murray was finedUS$20,000 by the NBA onWednesday for throwing the balloff the legs of a referee earlierthis week. The incident occurredduring the Spurs’ 118-105 loss tothe Memphis Grizzlies on Mon-day night. After the Spurs werecalled for a foul in the lane on aJa Morant drive, Murray deliver-ed a bounce pass to the shins ofthe official who called the foul.He was given a technical fouland ejected. Meanwhile, IndianaPacers forward Jalen Smith wasfined US$20,000 for directingprofane language toward a gameofficial in the Pacers’ 119-103 lossto Magic on Monday in Orlando.REUTERS

WOODS WINS INAUGURAL PLAYERIMPACT PROGRAM, COLLECTS$8-MILLION

Tiger Woods has not competedin any official tournament formore than a year but he stillbeat PGA Tour big hitters PhilMickelson, Rory McIlroy, DustinJohnson and Jon Rahm to winthe inaugural Player ImpactProgram and its US$8-millionfirst prize, the U.S.-based circuitsaid on Wednesday. The concept,which awarded a combinedUS$40-million to the top 10finishers, was implemented in2021 as a way to reward playerswho positively “move the nee-dle” and generate the mostpositive interest in the PGATour. Woods suffered career-threatening leg injuries in a carcrash last February and spent asizeable portion of the year outof the spotlight before compet-ing with his 12-year-old son in anunofficial 36-hole tournamentlast December. Mickelson, whois currently taking a break amidfallout from comments he madeabout the Saudi-funded golfleague, collected US$6-million asthe runner-up.REUTERS

SPORTS IN BRIEF

THURSDAY, MARCH 3, 2022 | THE GLOBE AND MAIL I B19

ROBERT REID

PRINTER, 94

OBITUARIES

Printing was for Robert Reida lifelong addiction that be-gan when he was nine years

old and received a toy Swiftsetprinting press with moveablerubber type for Christmas. Thishe used to make a family news-paper with dramatic headlines,each page no bigger than a post-card. It sparked a love of printthat lasted until his death inVancouver on Jan. 21 at the ageof 94.He could recognize any type-

face – Garamond Roman, UltraBodoni, Caslon, Baskerville – asif it was the face of a long-timefriend. He considered booksworks of art that gave delight tohold and look at. He named hisfour sons Michael, Anthony, Ni-cholas and Quincy because, ac-cording to Quincy Reid, he saidthose names would yield elegantitalic initials.He expressed his love of the

printed word and image acrossthe entire range of what is pos-sible in publishing. Some of themost valuable and beautifulbooks ever produced in Canadacame from his presses in Van-couver and Montreal, and arenow in the rare book libraries ofthe University of British Colum-bia, McGill University, Universityof Toronto and other Canadianinstitutions of higher learning.During his lifetime, printingtechnology changed; letterpressand gravure gave way to offsetlithography and computerstransformed everything. But Mr.Reid never lost his commitmentto craft, and the belief that abook should have a personality.His students at the Vancouver

School of Art (now Emily CarrUniversity of Art and Design)where he taught typography andgraphic design in the 1950s, wenton to modernize the look of Can-adian advertising, newspapersand magazines.The late Keith Branscombe

was perhaps his star student. Mr.Branscombe went on to the Roy-al College of Art in London, wasart director of Chatelaine andCity and Country Home maga-zine, design consultant forThomson Newspapers and as-sistant managing editor ofgraphics at the Toronto Star,where he redesigned the paperin 1993.“Bob was introducing us to

the best typography in theworld,” recalled another formerstudent, Charles Mayrs, who be-came art director of Dome Ad-vertising in Vancouver. “If he hada fine piece of rag paper, hewould sort of stroke it and runhis fingers along the deckle edge.He was a touchy feely kind ofguy. He taught us linocuts, wood-cuts, rubber cement drawing. Hewas excited about everything.”Robert Russel Reid was the

youngest of five children, bornOct. 26, 1927, in Medicine Hat toDaniel and Orah Genalda (néeHaag) Reid. His father was a to-bacco and candy wholesaler, butsold his share of the businessand resettled the family in Ab-botsford, B.C. Bob was 13 in 1940when his father died suddenlyand his mother moved the fam-ily to Vancouver. His elder sisterMarian bought him a grown-up

hand-cranked letterpress thatbecame the centrepiece of hisbasement print studio in thefamily’s new homeAt the library of UBC, where

he enrolled in commerce a fewyears later, he noticed an openbook in a glass case, the start of achapter enlivened with a redcapital letter. Much later he re-called in his self-published mem-oirs that it gave him a powerfuldesire to print his own book.What he selected to reprint on

the advice of Dr. Kaye Lamb, theuniversity librarian, was one ofthe earliest books published inBritish Columbia: The FraserMines Vindicated, by the oppor-tunist Alfred Waddington, firstpublished in 1858. Waddingtonwas trying to lure the greedy andthe gullible to B.C.’s gold rush.It took Mr. Reid two years to

copy out and typeset the 100-page book on a platen press, cre-ating 110 numbered copiespriced at $10 apiece. When hetook the books to a Los Angelesprint show, U.S. collectorssnapped them up. Today theymight sell for $500.

In 1951, after graduating fromUBC, he moved his handpressfrom his mother’s basement to ashop on Pender Street andfounded Graphos Press, design-ing and printing invitations,greeting cards and various an-nouncements for architects, art-ists and art galleries. He alsoprinted a student literary maga-zine called PM, and later de-signed Canadian Literature, theperiodical founded by GeorgeWoodcock. He married FelicityPope, who had been PM maga-zine’s managing editor andshared his interest in typographyand bookbinding.They became part of a circle of

gifted young artists in Vancouverthat included Takao Tanabe, BillReid, Harry and Jessie Webb andthe Czech émigré George Kuth-an.He sold Graphos Press in 1955

and started teaching at Vancouv-er School of Art. In 1962 he won aCanada Council grant to spend ayear abroad to visit printinghouses, paper makers and typefoundries, and the whole family,now including four sons, sailedfor Europe. There the marriagebroke apart when Felicity re-fused to return to Canada. Shemoved to Ibiza, Spain, with thechildren.Mr. Reid settled in Montreal in

1963 to work for McGill Universi-ty (now McGill-Queen’s) Press,launched the previous year byRobin Farr. His job was to set astyle for the new press. He lovedthe vitality of the city and overthe next dozen years, did someof his best work in book design.In the basement of the RedpathLibrary, he also ran the RedpathPress, for special projects andlimited editions.

His masterwork was the bibli-ography of the Lande Collectionof Canadiana, 2,328 historicaldocuments collected by Law-rence Lande, a notary, poet, com-poser and author. The book isembellished with fold-out maps,reduced-size facsimiles of legaldocuments, royal proclamationsand drafts of government bills,all printed on paper importedfrom Spain, England and Italy.“It’s the greatest piece of fine

printing in scope and executionin Canadian history,” said theprinter Rollin Milroy, a friend ofMr. Reid. “It shows Bob’s ambi-tion and vision.” The cost over-runs nearly got him fired.In 1974, Mr. Reid moved to

New York where he met his greatlove, Terry Berger, then workingon children’s books at HarcourtBrace.They were soon living togeth-

er in Manhattan (later in NewHaven, Conn.), supporting them-selves as book packagers. “Wedid a book, Great American ScenicRailroads, because Bob lovedtrains, and sold it to a publisher,”she recalled. “He did the researchand I, the writing.”A popular series of guides to

country inns throughout theUnited States, for Holt, Rinehart& Winston along with a series onbed and breakfast places forPrentice Hall kept them goingfor years. They travelled widelyand spent weekends checkingout paper shows, collectingephemera. They enjoyed all thesame things.“I am Jewish and he was Scot-

tish. I have no idea how we cametogether from such differentworlds,” Ms. Berger said in aphone interview.Unable to afford American

health care, Mr. Reid moved backto Vancouver when he was 70,leaving his beloved Terry, whodid not wish to be so far fromher children and grandchildren.But the relationship continued.Mr. Reid’s son Anthony gave

him a Mac computer and Mr.Branscombe, his former student,flew out from Toronto to showhim how to download a widerange of old and new typefaces.He could thus continue for an-other two decades to designposters, broadsides, birthdaycards and illustrated limited edi-tion books on his favourite sub-jects such as movie stars, jazzmusicians and old-time film di-rectors. He made many friends inVancouver among a new gener-ation of letterpress enthusiastsand was always ready to helpwith their projects.Mr. Reid lived in a small apart-

ment in Vancouver, with toytrains running on tracks allaround it. Lacking savings, hefound a generous patron in thebook collector and philanthro-pist Yosef Wosk. In 2007, Mr.Wosk endowed the Robert R.Reid Medal for Lifetime Achieve-ment in the Book Arts in Canada,given annually by the Alcuin So-ciety, an organization of bookprofessionals and collectors.Robert Reid was the award’s firstrecipient.Exhibitions of his work were

held at McGill in 2017 and Uni-versity of Toronto’s Massey Col-lege in the spring of 2018 in hon-our of Mr. Reid’s 90th birthday.Late last year, he was admitted

to St. Paul’s Hospital with CO-VID-19; he had not been vacci-nated. His recovery was slow andincomplete and he returnedhome to have a medically assist-ed death.

He leaves his companion, Ms.Berger; his only surviving son,Quincy, who lives in Costa Rica;and several grandchildren.

Special to The Globe and Mail

PRINTING VIRTUOSOCREATED PAPER MASTERPIECES

A book designer par excellence, he produced hand-printed small press poetry booksand large-run trade books, including some of the most valuable and beautiful books ever produced in Canada

JUDY STOFFMAN

Robert Reid expressed his love of the printed word and image across theentire range of what is possible in publishing. He considered booksworks of art that gave delight to hold and look at. YUKIKO ONLEY

His masterwork was thebibliography of theLande Collection ofCanadiana, 2,328

historical documentscollected by LawrenceLande, a notary, poet,composer and author.

A page of Mr. Reid’s typography work is seen in Kuthan’s Menagerie ofInteresting Zoo Animals. COURTESY OF CHESTER GRYSKI

Imet Erna Paris in 2008, shortlyafter the publication of herterrific book The Sun Climbs

Slow: The International CriminalCourt and the Struggle for Justice.Erna’s book is a fascinating

discourse on the history of inter-national jurisprudence, culmi-nating with the founding of theInternational Criminal Court(ICC), an organization Canadiansplayed a key role in creating. Iwas fortunate to be able to op-tion the book’s film rights.I remember when we first

met, over coffee and cookies, atmy office. Erna struck me as in-telligent, charming, self-effacing

and kind, with a strong, deter-mined sense of justice.With funding from TVO,

Knowledge, SRC and the NFB, weproduced a documentary featurefilm on the ICC, following LuisMoreno Ocampo, the court’s firstchief prosecutor. Writer-directorBarry Stevens filmed the prose-cutor’s travels to the Congo, atthe United Nations and at his of-fice in The Hague. The film, Pros-ecutor: Law, No Order had a worldpremiere at the InternationalDocumentary Film Festival Am-sterdam, followed by screeningsin Toronto, at the UN and else-where.

The film continues to be usedin schools across Canada and be-yond.Throughout our 18-month

production process, Erna was al-ways so supportive and helpful.Her vision, her profound

sense of decency, inspired us.Erna never became as famous

as she deserved to be. But thatwas not important to her. WhatErna cared about was justice.Her infectious spirit, her pas-

sion for the rule of law and herwarm smile are forever missed.

Peter Raymont, White PinePictures, Toronto Erna Paris HELEN TANSEY

I REMEMBER

ERNA PARIS

Tour description is a summary; certain activities have add-on costs. Visit GlobeIcelandTour.com or call Worldwide Quest for full itinerary, tour details and Worldwide Quest’s terms and conditions. The tour is provided by Worldwide Quest, 491 King StreetEast, Toronto, ON M5A 1L9 TICO #2667946, and all travel arrangements, reservations and bookings will be made with Worldwide Quest, a company wholly independent of The Globe and Mail. Dates, itineraries, program details and costs are given in goodfaith based on information available at the time of posting, and subject to change. The Globe and Mail does not guarantee the attendance of any particular host. See website for host schedule. The Globe and Mail, its affiliates, and their respective officersand employees, do not assume any responsibility for the financing, arranging or conduct of the tour and will not be liable for any damages or financial loss to person or property that might occur in connection with the tour operated by and arrangedthrough Worldwide Quest.

Rest assured your journey will be up to the

highest standards of safety. View our full

protocols at GlobeIcelandTour.com/Safety

For more details and to book your trip,call Worldwide Quest at 1-888-229-2302or visit GlobeIcelandTour.com

TOUR PROVIDED BY

T H E G L O B E A N D M A I L

JOURNEY TO ICELANDM a r c h 2 8 – A p r i l 1 , 2 0 2 2

Ég er önnum kafinn(Egg ehr uh-num kah-fyn) To have a full schedule

Following your morning arrival in

Reykjavík, you’ll enjoy breakfast and

a self-guided tour at the Viking World

Museum, and then a visit to the

world-renowned Blue Lagoon to spend

some relaxation time in its geothermal

seawater. Then, settle in at the Fosshótel

or explore the town before a Welcome

Reception hosted by

The Globe’s CEO & Publisher,

Phillip Crawley, complete with

Icelandic cocktails and hors

d’oeuvres. Retire to your room

and rest for the brilliant days ahead.

Wake up and enjoy another Globe

Insider Breakfast, hosted by

Phillip Crawley and Mark

MacKinnon, who will review

and discuss daily headlines.

You’ll then depart Reykjavík

and travel to the southeastern region of

Iceland for a Golden Circle Tour with stops

at Thingvellir National Park to see the

location of the first parliament, Gullfoss

Falls, and the spectacular Geysir, where

you can find out why these natural springs

have captivated travellers for centuries.

Late in the afternoon, check into the

Rangà Hotel, an exclusive four-star resort

in southern Iceland.

Enjoy a final Globe Insider Breakfast, hosted by Phillip Crawley and

Doug Saunders, before checking out. Then, gather once more for a

Globe Book Club Talk with Elizabeth Renzetti. You’ll

then travel back to Reykjavík International Airport,

where you’ll fly back to Canada in the late afternoon.

Start the day with a Globe Insider Breakfast,

hosted by Phillip Crawley and

National Affairs Columnist, Doug

Saunders. Then, partake in an

exclusive Journalist Talk with

Senior Foreign Correspondent,

Mark MacKinnon. In the early afternoon,

choose between a city tour, Scandinavian

cooking class, a hike to Reykjadalur or a tour

of a geothermal energy plant and visit to the

Kerið Crater. A group dinner of traditional

Icelandic cuisine awaits.

A day of adventure and exploration lies ahead.

Following a Globe Insider Breakfast with Phillip

Crawley, Columnist and Feature

Writer, Elizabeth Renzetti and

National Affairs Columnist,

Doug Saunders, you’ll have the

enviable dilemma of choosing

between the following excursions: horseback

riding with stops at the stunning Írárfoss

Waterfall and Eyjafjallajökull Glacier; a guided

walk of the area and the Caves of Hella; or a

hike on Sólheimajökull Glacier. The evening

includes a Farewell Dinner at the Rangà

Restaurant, hosted by Phillip Crawley and

your Globe journalist companions.

Day 3 | March 30 | Hella

Day 1 | March 28 | Reykjavík

Day 5 | April 1 | Hella/Reykjavík

Day 4 | March 31 | Hella

Day 2 | March 29 | Reykjavík