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V A L U E E D U C A T I O N O L Y M P I A D

FuturethicsValues that would drive the future of planet

VALUE EDUCATION OLYMPIAD

Justice

Equity

Integrity

Honesty

Altruism

Trust-Worthiness

2021

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Value education is essential for the holistic growth of an individual as well as the society. It provides a positive direction to the students to shape their future, help-ing them become more responsible and sensible in comprehending the purpose of their life.

Knowledge and skills alone don’t complete the education of a person. Unless coupled with strong value system, the knowledge and skills can indeed prove to be dangerous.

Duryodhana and Arjuna, both were expert in skill, being one of the best fighters alive in the world, yet with altogether different value systems. Whereas one was guided by selfish interest, envy, greed and lust, the other was guided by divine virtues. Result was that Duryodhana ruined his whole dynasty and Arjuna not only won the war and became emperor of the whole world but left an eternal legacy of righteousness.

At ISKCON, we have always made an effort to talk about higher self and tran-scendence validated values over material aspirations. We have been successfully conducting value education programs, based on the ancient wisdom of Bhaga-vad Gita, in schools for the last few years. This year our value education program focuses on making the students sensitive towards environment change and the program is supported by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), United Religions Initiative (URI) and Faith for Earth.

One may ask - “why the environment?”. The environment is the key to the exis-tence of life on earth. But there is a drastic environmental change due to global warming, excessive pollution, industrialization, etc. The natural environment is a gift of nature and we need to conserve it for the benefit of all in the future.

I sincerely hope that this humble endeavour will help students to inculcate good values in life and contribute positively towards combating climate change.

Murali Krishna DasCo-President, ISKCON Punjabi Bagh

Thanks.

Preface

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Why Value Education

Environmental Values – why do we need them

Altruism

Trustworthiness

Topic Page no.

Equity

Justice

Integrity

Honesty

Answers

Table of Contents

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110

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Value Education is the foundation on which the house

of our life stands. With a weak foundation, the whole

skyscrapers can collapse to the ground at any moment.

Similarly, with weak character, one’s hopes for peace

and happiness in life will collapse.

A Clay Pot with Honey will always be valued

higher than a golden pot with poison. It Is

not the outer glamour but the inner virtues

that make us valuable.

We find real happiness

We attain the goal of human life

We understand GOD and develop love for HIM

We grow and succeed in the correct manner.

By cultivating good values in our life :

Why Value Education?

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Environmental values - Why do we need it?

Aurangzeb was the sixth emperor of the Mughal.

Aurangzeb’s treatment of his father depicted a testimony

of his cruelty. For the greed of the throne, he snatched

the throne from his father, Shah Jahan and killed all his

brothers. Aurangzeb then imprisoned his father in Agra

and ill-treated him.

On being very badly treated by his son, Shah Jahan in

one of his letters said in pain that my dear son, we must

hold the good values of respecting elders and learn from

many who even after the death of their parents treat

them with respect and seek their blessings.

By this example, we understand how important it is to cultivate good values in our life.

• In the last century, world temperature has increased from 1.2 to 1.4°F.

• Temperatures in India have risen by 0.7 °C (1.3 °F) between 1901 and 2018.

• Rising temperature on the Tibetan Plateau are causing Himalayan glaciersto retreat, threatening the flow rate of the Ganges, Brahmaputra,Yamuna, and other major rivers

• Temperature of the ocean has also increased by 0.3°F in the last century leading to extinction of some water born species.

• Rising temperatures have caused sea level to rise by 6.7 inches in the last century leading to flooding of coastal areas.

Example of weak character:

The impact of climate change world over:

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India is ranked fourth among the list of countries most affected by climate change in the

period from 1996 to 2015.

Therefore, it is imperative to take proactive steps targeting the overall development of

our hu-man capital from an early age by inculcating the values that will make adolescents

keener and more proactive towards climate change..

Change in individuals’ behaviours and lifestyles are of vital importance for transitions

towards a sustainable society.

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Altruism

Mahatma Gandhi says- “Where there is love there is life.” By working for good cause i.e. to love people, the satisfaction and fame will automatically follow.

“No one has ever become poor by giving.” — Anne Frank

“Caring about the happiness of others, we find our own.” — Plato

Altruism is when we act to promote someone else’s welfare, even at a risk or cost to

ourselves. Altruism is the unselfish concern for other people—doing things simply out of a

desire to help, not because you feel obligated to out of duty, loyalty, or religious reasons. It

involves acting out of concern for the well- being of other people. Evidence suggests that

humans have deeply ingrained tendencies to act in either direction.

In some cases, these acts of altruism lead people to risk their own health and well-being to

help others. Such behaviours are often performed unselfishly and without any expectations

of reward. For example, giving your lunch away is altruistic because it helps someone who

is hungry, but at a cost of being hungry yourself. Research studies suggest that humans

behave altruistically because it is emotionally rewarding. The value of helping others was

instrumental in improving mood and behaviour—and reducing bullying. It also helps with

a greater sense of personal worth, a key condition for fostering feelings of happiness and

empowerment.

What is Altruism?

Altruism Increases Personal Happiness

Altruism Fosters a Healthy Sense of Interconnectedness

Altruism Strengthens Personal Identity

Altruism Inspires a Sense of Mission

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It creates a sense of belonging and reduces isolation

It increases social support

It helps create better community

Altruism helps keep check on stress

“Being a planetary citizen does not need space travel. It means being conscious

that we are part of the universe and of the earth. The most fundamental law is

to recognise that we share the planet with other beings, and that we have a duty

to care for our common home.”

― Vandana Shiva, Oneness vs The 1%: Shattering Illusions, Seeding Freedom

Food for thought:

Let’s think & Discuss about it.

• There is a thief in the village, he loots the wealth from rich and aristocratic people of the locality and distributes it among the poor. Is he doing altruistic work? Why or Why not?

• Do you think working for others gives us somesense of happiness? Do you recall any incident when you helped any individual in need or got help from a person? How did you feel? Do you think altruism is financial support only?

Why is altruism important in a society? It is essential to have altruism in our lives so that

our community can thrive and succeed as a whole. Without altruism, a community does not

prosper together. This lack of altruistic efforts towards a better community will result in a

selfish society spiraling into disaster.

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Ways to become a more altruistic person

1. Perform a Random Act of Kindness Every Day

This is an activity that takes little time, and yet it can

have a lasting effect on someone’s life. Plus, the more

you practice, the more this exercise will become in-

grained as a part of your daily routine.

2. Give Someone a Sincere Compliment

Each person has unique qualities they bring to the

table. If you acknowledge an intrinsic part of some-

one’s identity, like a personality trait, or an aspect of

their character that you admire, you may just make

that person’s day.

Maybe, the person you’re complimenting is a good

listener or has a particularly creative spirit. Someone

may demonstrate a disciplined work ethic on the job,

or they make you laugh with their goofy sense of

humor.

3. Volunteer Using Your Skills

Volunteering not only benefits the greater

good but can help to increase your

feelings of purpose and worth, too.

According to a National Youth Agency re-

port, young people aged 11 to 25 stressed

that “volunteering increased their self-confi-

dence, self-esteem, and self-belief.”

Thus, those who volunteered found a

heightened sense of belonging by demonstrating their responsibility to those in need.

With that said, the most fulfilling way to volunteer is often to dedicate your time to a cause

that has special meaning to you — for example, volunteering at an animal shelter if you love

pets, or contributing to a charity that has benefited a loved one in a time of need.

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Types of Altruism?

There can be various kinds of altruism based upon the progressively expanding sense of

“self”. It has been observed that the range of a person’s altruistic activities is proportional

to his sense of identifying the people, communities , nations with his own self. For example,

a person who feels the whole world as his own family can perform welfare acts at a far

greater scale compared to another person who identifies only people with whom he has a

biological relationship as his family. Based on this theme, altruism can be categorised as -

Genetic, Reciprocal, Group-Selected and Pure.

It involves engaging in altruistic acts that benefit close family members. For example,

parents and other family members often engage in acts of sacrifice in order to provide for

the needs of family members.

MangteChungneijang Mary Kom (born

24 November 1982) is an Indian amateur

boxer, politician, and incumbent Member

of Parliament, Rajya Sabha. Her husband,

Karung knew how important the dream

of becoming one of the best athletes i n

the world was to Mary. So in order to let

her dream come true he willingly let his

career slide because he wanted Mary to

focus on her career completely, especially

after she had become a mother to twins

in 2007.From looking after their 3 kids when she had to undergo training, to not informing

her about domestic trou bles during her tours, Karung ensured that motherhood never

interfered with Mary’s career. She got the gold medal at Commonwealth games 2018,

Arjuna Award, the Padma Bhushan, the Padma Shri and the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award.

And, no one could deny the major force behind her excelling performance is her husband,

Karung’s constant care and support.

1. Genetic altruism:

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It is based on a mutual give and take relationship. It involves helping another person now

because they may one day be able to return the favour. Often an individual could act in

such a manner (e.g., by sharing food) as to increase its chance of survival if it could depend

on similar altruistic behavior from another individual at some point in the future. For the

strategy of reciprocal altruism to work, however, a few conditions must be met: Individuals

must interact more than once (so that the opportunity to be repaid can arise), individuals

must be able to recognize other individuals reliably, and individuals must be able to

remember the past behavior of those with whom it interacts. Because of these constraints,

reciprocal altruism is less common than is kin-directed altruism, where individuals act for

the good of individuals who share their genes. It is often remarked that reciprocal altruism

is not genuine altruism because it has the seemingly selfish goals of repayment, whereas

true altruism is usually defined as self-sacrifice for the sole sake of benefiting others.

Also known as moral altruism, this form involves helping someone else, even when it is

risky, without any reward. It is motivated by internalized values and morals.

a) Mother TeresaIn 1979, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize “for work un-

dertaken in the struggle to overcome poverty and distress, which

also constitutes a threat to peace.” In 1962 the Indian govern-

ment awarded Mother Teresa for her services to the people of

India. In the following year the Indian government conferred on

her the Bharat Ratna, the country’s highest civilian honour.

It involves engaging in altruistic acts for people based upon their group affiliation. Like

sometimes people might direct their efforts toward helping other people or supporting

social causes that benefit others that are part of their social group.

Abraham Lincoln: Abraham Lincoln’s position on slavery in the United States is one of the

most discussed aspects of his life. Lincoln often expressed moral opposition to slavery

in public and private. “I am naturally anti-slavery. If slavery is not wrong, nothing is

wrong,” However to end the slavery of black Africans and African Americans was so firmly

embedded in the nation’s constitutional framework and in the economy of much of the

country, was complex and politically challenging. In Spite of all challenges he worked hard to

this end even up to the point of promoting voting rights for Africans and African Americans.

2. Reciprocal altruism:

3. Group-selected altruism:

4. Pure altruism:

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b) Malala Yousafzai - youngest nobel peace prize laureateMalala Yousafzai was born in the Swat Valley, in Pakistan. Many children in Pakistan cannot go to

school, especially if they are girls, but Malala’s father thought that education was very important

and he ran a school.

When Malala was about 12 years old, the Taliban took

control of the Swat Valley. They did not want girls to go to

school and they closed many schools. Malala started writ-

ing a blog for the BBC but she did not use her real name.

She wrote about life in her town and she said that she was

afraid her school would be shut down.

The Taliban told Malala’s father that he had to close his

school. Malala and her father continued to speak out for

the right to education, even though it was very dangerous

to do this. The Taliban told them to stop, otherwise they

might kill them, but Malala and her father did not stop.

In 2011, Malala received the National Youth Peace Prize in

Pakistan. She was becoming famous and the Taliban decid-

ed to try to kill her, even though she was still a child. On 9

October 2012, Malala and her friends were on the school bus on their way home from school.

A gunman came on to the bus and asked which girl was Malala. Then he shot her in the head.

Two of her friends were also injured. Malala survived but she was very badly hurt. She went to

hospital in Pakistan and then she was flown to a hospital in the UK. She had to stay in hospital for

over two months.

People all around the world were very shocked that the Taliban tried to kill a 15 year old girl, just

because she spoke out for education. Many people supported Malala and thought she was very

brave and she became a symbol of children’s right to education.

After she left hospital Malala started going to school in the UK, but she was also even more

determined to fight for children’s rights to go to school. She was now famous and on her 16th

birthday she made a speech to the United Nations Youth Assembly.

In December 2014, Malala was the youngest person ever to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for

her work ‘for the right of all children to education’. She used her prize money to build a second-

ary school for girls in Pakistan and continued campaigning for education for all children.

She celebrated her 18th birthday by opening a school for Syrian girls in a refugee camp in Leb-

anon. Malala then went on to study for a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics at the

University of Oxford, UK.

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Transcendental Altruism - The Best Welfare Activity

Once upon a time there was a child who went to a

fair with his parents. Unfortunately he got lost there.

He was crying profusely for the want of his parents.

There was a huge crowd all around. The small child

was nervous and afraid of how he would reach home.

Some people didn’t even notice the child; they were

busy themselves, some saw him but ignored as if he

was not of any importance. Then a gentleman comes

and sees that the child is crying and is hungry also so

he gives him some chocolates, candies and snacks to

eat. The little child gets happy, eats it and thanks the

gentleman. But after eating he again remembers his

home and begins crying but by then that gentleman

had left. Then another gentleman comes and he gives a toy to the crying child. The child

gets busy in playing with the toy and stops crying. But after some time again he remembers

his parents and starts crying.

Some time passed, then came a well-groomed, kind hearted person and from the crying

child he inquired the reason for his lamentation. The child informed he was lost. The person

asked the child’s address and then dropped him to his parents. Parents receiving the child

got very happy and thanked that kind hearted person.

Thus, in this way by working on the root cause of sorrow the lamentation of the child got

vanquished.

There is a very important lesson to learn from this story. The child was crying because he

got separated from his parents, similarly according to Bhagvad Gita the root cause of our

sufferings is that we are separated from our supreme father, the Supreme Lord. Krishna tells

in Bhagvad Gita -

sarva-yonisu kaunteya

murtayah sambhavantiyah

tasam brahma mahad yonir

aham bija-pradah pita

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It should be understood that all species of life, O son of Kunté, are made possible

by birth in this material nature, and that I am the seed-giving father.Bg. 14.4

So Lord Krishna is the supreme father of all living entities. As out of many people who

helped the child, certainly the one who made the child meet his parents rendered the

greatest help. Similarly, helping other people meet their supreme father is the biggest

welfare act. Supreme Lord himself mentions this in the 18th chapter of Bhagavad gita -

“For one who explains this supreme secret to the devotees, pure devotional service is

guaranteed, and at the end he will come back to Me. There is no servant in this world more

dear to Me than he, nor will there ever be one more dear.” (BG 18.68-69)

ya idam paramam guhyam

mad-bhaktesv abhidhäsyati

bhaktim mayi param krtva

mam evaisyaty asamsayah

The real disease is selfishness and the real cure is selfless service.

- Radhanath Swami

Food for thought:

In 1965, at the age of sixty-nine, SrilaPrabhupada travelled to New York City aboard a cargo

ship. The journey was treacherous, and the elderly spiritual teacher suffered two heart

attacks aboard the ship. Arriving in the United States with just seven dollars in Indian rupees

and his translations of sacred Sanskrit texts, SrilaPrabhupada began to share the timeless

wisdom of Krishna consciousness. His message of peace and goodwill resonated with many

young people, some of whom came forward to become serious students of the Krishna

consciousness tradition.

The greatest spiritual ambassador - Srila Prabhupada

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In the eleven years that followed, SrilaPrabhupada circled the globe 14 times on lecture

tours, bringing the teachings of Lord Krishna to thousands of people on six continents.

He made so many efforts to awaken people’ love for

God and make them reach their ultimate destination i.e.

Godhead. This is the ultimate welfare activity, any person

can do. Men and women from all backgrounds and walks

of life came forward to accept his message, and with

their help, SrilaPrabhupada established ISKCON centres

and projects throughout the world. Under his inspiration,

Krishna devotees established temples, rural communities,

educational institutions, and started what would become the

world’s largest vegetarian food relief program.

Individuals with strong self-transcendent values(not concerned just about themselves) tend

to have a more altruistic orientation, and are more willing to behave pro-environmentally;

while individuals high on self-enhancement are more self-interested and are less likely to

engage in pro-environmental behaviors (Schultz,

2000, 2001).From the evidence cited above,

altruism seems the key to pro-environmental

behavior. So given this foundation, promoting pro-

environmental behavior will require changing or

activating self-transcendent values in people, and

thereby their more altruistic-based environmental

concerns (Bolderdijk et al., 2013).

The connection between environmental

awareness and altruism is getting attention from

scholars since both concepts are prosocial ones but it is uncertain if people who are highly

aware of environmental issues may not be always acting altruistically. However, it is likely

that altruistic people are more likely to have high environmental awareness.

Altruism and Environmental behaviour

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Mother nature - The Real Altruist

The forests are the wonderful altruists, they give us so much: food, water, medicine,

materials for shelter, and even natural cycles such as climate and nutrients. Scientists have

come to term such gifts ‘ecosystem services’. The rise of technology and industry may have

distanced us superficially from nature, but it has not changed our reliance on the natural

world. Mother nature is so compassionate and does not seek anything in return. However,

we are not giving anything back to her, rather by deforestation and other environmental

disturbance, we are trying to bring an imbalance in her.

In the case study below we will see how by saving water the life of people got changed and

they could revive their livelihood.

Compassion for our home, Mother Earth, who provides us with everything we

need to live long, happy, fulfilled lives. Even though humans keep on taking from

and destroying the planet, Mother Earth altruistically and selflessly does all she

can to keep providing for us.

Food for thought: Mother Earth is so compassionate

Case Study: The waterman of India

Mr. Rajendra Singh, who is often called The Waterman of India. In 1985, a 28- year-old

man from Uttar Pradesh left his government job, family and arrived in the dead of the

night at a small village in Rajasthan’s Alwar district with the sole

intention of solving the age-old water crisis issue in the dry places of Rajasthan.

He used Johad and checked dams for this purpose. A Johad is a type of rainwater

storage tank that is built on the ground out of anything from dirt and stone to concrete.

The Johad stores water collected during the rainy season so that it can be used for

human or animal consumption throughout the year.

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From Johad, check dam, a pond, or a lake the water slowly percolates into the ground

and replenishes groundwater supplies.

Since 1985 Rajendra and his groups have built 4,500 johads, to collect rainwater in

some 850 villages in 11 districts in India, This is giving people their livelihood

in these villages, and now they can keep a plentiful or surplus supply of groundwater at

all times.

He has been awarded Stockholm Water Prize 2015 and has won several awards

including the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership. His works and

achievements are really inspiring to all of us and show us that with real intention we

can do magic and turn the sides.

Reciprocation to Mother Nature

We know that we cannot give back what we take from nature, but we can reciprocate to its

altruistic activities by trying to save it. Some points to conserve nature are-

These may seem very simple suggestions but if we practice them they will bring a large

difference in our environment.

Plant trees, use paper bags, avoid using polythene

Save Water- Limit your water usage while brushing, washing clothes, dishes etc.

Save Electricity- Turn off appliances when you are not using them

Avoid taking cars or carpool when possible, use public transport

Use reusable items

Take the stairs instead of using lifts

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Can you think of other ways by which Nature or Natural resources can be conserved? Please ask your close friends and family about the steps that they take in this regard.

Brainstorm

Let’s Answer

Which of the following are Altruists (More than one option can be correct)

Which of the following can help me to develop the quality of being altruistic?

From the story of the child that was lost in the fair, what moral can be derived?

Srila Prabhupada is the great spiritual ambassador and an altruist because

a. Soldiers

a. Calling people for dinner

a. One should always remain with the parents and not leave them

b. Swimming Coach

b. Giving sincere compliments

b. One should have the contact number of his family members

c. Business Man

c. Telling honestly what you like and what you don’t like about others

c. One should identify the root cause of his suffering and work upon it

d. Teachers

d. None of these

d. One should know that one cannot be happy in any situation

e. Sweeper

1.

2.

3.

4.

a. He had only seven dollars which he gave away to others

b. He risked his life and suffered heart attacks to preach the message of Krishna

c. He travelled across the world and made many disciples

d. He started the journey when he was sixty-nine years old

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a. He gave up his career to support her

b. He didn’t support her

c. Initially against but became favourable when she became successful

d. He thought he would be considered less successful

Which is the correct statement about Mari Kom’s husband?5.

Individuals high on _____________ are more self-interested and are less likely to en-

gage in pro-environmental behaviours.

a. Community welfare

b. Society emancipation

c. Self-emancipation

d. Self-degradation

6.

Which all are correct in respect to altruism?

a. Helping others out of obligation of duty

b. Helping others to gain a good reputation

c. Helping out of ulterior motives

d. Helping simply out of desire to help

7.

What two innovative methodologies were used by Rajendra Singh for consumption of water in Rajasthan?

8.

a.)

b.)

In Ramayan, comes the character of Jatayu who was a very old vulture bird so was not very strong at that time. When Mother Sita was being abducted by Ravana, he obstructed him from taking her away. He saw that Mother Sita was in trouble and she was calling. Jatayu did not hesitate a moment. He did not think he could save Mother Sita but wanted to serve her.So Jatayu fought with Ravana and gave him a good run for his money. He made it so difficult for Ravana for a while and thought that mother Sita is going to be out of this

9.

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demon king. But then Ravana’s strength came back. The demon chopped and chopped and somehow sev-ered the wings and limbs of Jatayu. He fell in the midst of a heap of blood and his life was slowly ebbing.When his life was ebbing, Lord Rama and Lakshmana came there. When they saw Jatayu actually dying be-cause of Ravana, Lord Rama’s heart was in pain.

What altruism is shown by Jatayu?

a. Pure

b. Genetic

d.Reciprocal

c. Group Selected

What is the best welfare activity for the entire human society? (BG 5.25)

a. To distribute food to the needy

b. To help those who are in need with body , mind and words

c. To open institutions like old age homes, hospitals etc. for social welfare

d. Revive this consciousness within the entire human society

10.

Why is the welfare of the physical body and mind not considered to be the true welfare

activity? (BG 5.25)

a. It is not wholesome

b. It provides temporary relief

c. It is difficult to achieve

d. None of the above

11.

12.In BG 10.27, Krishna says - “naranam ca naradhipam, I am King among human beings”, why is a King representative of the Supreme Lord?

a. Righteous kings who always thought of the citizen’s welfare

b. Righteous kings who always provide the basic necessities of life

d. None of the above

c. Righteous kings always protect their kingdom from rogues and thieves

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With reference to Bhagavad Gita 11.55, preaching God consciousness falls under which category of altruism?

a. Genetic

b. Reciprocal

d.Pure

c. Group Selected

13.

What are three examples of altruistic people mentioned in BG 11.55?14.

a.)

b.)

c.)

According to BG 18.68-69, what is the result of preaching the message of God con-sciousness for the welfare of society?

a. One will attain mode of goodness

b. One will attain the Lord

d. He will become most prosperous materially

e. He will become most dear to the Lord

c. One will get pure devotional service

15.

Arjuna had to perform a great altruistic act of spreading religion and extricating irreli-gion for the benefit of people at large. According to Bhagavad Gita 2.7, what can be a hurdle in performing welfare activities?

a. Miserly weakness

b. Soft heart

d. All of the above

c. Narrow vision

16.

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Being selfish, and being just concerned about oneself and one’s family has been com-pared to ________ disease, (BG 2.7)

a. Heart

b. Bile

d. Skin

c. Mental

17.

Brahma is one who is intelligent enough to utilize this body to solve all the ________________. The kåpaëas, or miserly persons, waste their time in being ________________ for family, soci-ety, country, etc., in the material conception of life. (BG 2.7)

a. Bodily necessities, overly affectionate

b. Problems of life, compassionate

d. bodily necessities, overly compassionate

c. Problems of life, overly affectionate

18.

The sacrifice which is meant for human welfare should never be given up. What is the result of performing sacrifice, charity and penance? (BG 18.5)

a. They purify even the great souls.

b. They lead to public recognition and trust.

d. They lead to self esteem, self worth and boost our mood.

c. The charity leads to tax exemption.

19.

When are the performed welfare activities said to be in mode of goodness? (BG 17.20)

a. When they are performed out of duty, without expectation return, at the

proper time and place, and to a worthy person.

b. When they are performed to expect some return.

d. When they are performed for improvement in the health of the suffering

class.

c. When they are performed for the people of low class income.

20.

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We know that as you sow so shall you reap, thus if we want good things come to us we should be good to others. As per BG 14.18 what is the destination of people in mode of goodness, passion and ignorance respectively?

We are loyal and altruistic to our near and dear ones. But if we want to be generous and kind to everyone then we should develop relationships with them. What is that common point in a relationship that we can maintain? (BG 15.7)

Being compassionate and altruist is definitely a godly quality. Even if someone is kind to others there will be few people to criticise them and they are said to possess de-monic qualities. Name some characteristics of demoniac people. (BG 16.9-10 & 16.17)

a. To the higher planets; to the earthly planets; down to the hellish worlds.

a. The feeling of nationalism

a. They engage in unbeneficial, horrible works meant to destroy the world,

take shelter of insatiable lust, deluded by wealth and false prestige, they

sometimes proudly perform sacrifices in name only.

b. To the spiritual world; to the higher planets; to the earthly planets.

b. The sense of belonging to a particular caste, creed and colour.

b. They are deluded by wealth and false prestige, they sometimes proudly per-

form sacrifices in name and sometimes out of modesty and duty.

d. Everything ends after death, so it doesn’t matter what we do in our life.

d. The equality and fraternity described in constitution are sufficient to bring

us together

d. They are bound by a network of illusions, they become too strongly at-

tached to sense enjoyment and keep doing pious fruitive activities.

c. To the spiritual world; to the earthly planets; down to the hellish worlds.

c. The relationship that we all belong to one Supreme Lord

c. They are pride, arrogant, harsh and ignorant but for sacrifices maintain

some cleanliness

21.

23.

22.

24

Trustworthiness

No virtue is more universally accepted as a test of good character than trustworthiness.

Whoever is careless with the truth in small matters cannot

be trusted in important matters.

- Henry Emerson Fosdick

- Albert Einstein

Trust: The Worth of Trustworthiness

Trustworthiness is shown when you are reliable, keep your promises and do what you say

you will do. Trustworthiness is also shown when you tell the truth and are honest with

both words and actions, even when it may be difficult. Trustworthiness is the ability to be

relied on as honest or truthful. A trustworthy person is someone in whom one can trust

and rest assured that the trust shall not be betrayed. It is earned by fulfilling the assigned

responsibilities.

We are nothing if we are not trustworthy. Trustworthiness is the core of who we are

and what we do. Below are the

three essential ingredients of being

trustworthy that we integrate into our

daily lives.

Honesty—Without honesty there

is no trust. It’s impossible. It can’t

exist. Deception is the antithesis of

trustworthiness The problem that

most people face is that they allow themselves to practice “little deceptions” too often and

don’t realize how they slowly erode one’s character and trustworthiness. For a trustworthy

person, little things matter. He or she doesn’t exaggerate or twist the truth. When everyone

else is aiming to please, the trustworthy person tells it as it is. A trustworthy person is

always honest but not vice-versa. A child may be honest but if a box of sweets is kept in

front of him which he is forbidden to eat from, he may eat from it when alone and being

honest will tell about it also. So, he was honest but not trustworthy.

We as human race are also obligated to be truthful and honest towards nature. It is

25

important that we understand the truthful steps taken today will only preserve nature for

our next generations to come. Being honest and truthful in our actions, being transparent

in our approach will help us move towards environmental sustainability. Using the natural

resources with consciousness to not waste, reuse and preserve must be the principle in us.

Truthfully measuring or taking account of our actions is the first step towards sustainability.

There are many places where one looks for the virtue of Trust, like, the newspaper that one

reads, the voting candidate during elections. Can you discuss some more people or articles

where you look for this value?

Integrity—A trustworthy person has integrity

like a rock that is solid, firm, and unwavering.

This is called having principles. Principles are the

underlying rules or assumptions upon which one

bases his or her moral code. They are not just feel-

good slogans but are bedrock values. When those

values are challenged, a trustworthy person has

moral courage to stand these principles. Integrity is about actions rather than just words.

Integrity is the foundation of sustainability, without integrity no action can be taken

. Without it, one cannot build procedures and compliances towards ethical and

environmental sustainability.

Keeping promises—When you think of someone

who is trustworthy, you immediately think about

the promises that person has made and kept.

That’s how most people gauge trustworthiness.

Of course, keeping promises is much more than

keeping appointments and making your business

goals. It means that your word is as good as gold.

It shows your basic level of loyalty and fidelity to

others. It communicates something significant and meaningful about how you value people

and relationships.

Brainstorm

26

Story Time

During the final phase of Dwapara Yuga, a

marriage procession was taking place in the city

of Mathura. The city was on the banks of river

Yamuna. Vasudeva had married Devakī, and their

chariot was being driven by Kamsa, the cousin

brother of Devakī. Suddenly, a loud voice spoke

from the skies, “Cruel Kamsa, the eighth child of

Devakī will kill you one day.”

Kamsa became terrified when he heard this

heavenly announcement. He pulled Devakī from

the chariot by her hair and said, “I will kill her.

Then she will not have any kids, and no one will

kill me.” But, her husband Vasudeva begged

with Kamsa, “Please do not kill your own sister. I

promise to you that we will hand over all of our

children to you as soon as they are born. But please do not kill my wife.”

As Vasuedev had promised Kamsa, so everytime when a child was born to Devakī, Vasudev

would hand over the child to Kamsa. In this way, he was able to win the trust of even the

demoniac person like Kamsa by fulfilling his promise.

A trustworthy person can gain the confidence of everyone, good or a bad person. The truth

stands on its own. It doesn’t need false opinion or beliefs. Suppose someone we work with

lies to us frequently. They claim that they can do things they can’t do. Or they claim that they

can’t do things they can do. If we are repeatedly misled by them, we will eventually deem them

unreliable and seek a replacement of them.

How can we make ourselves more reliable for ourselves? By conscientiously striving to be honest

with ourselves. What if we still lie to ourselves because of habit? We can take time for regular

introspection, and we evaluate our self-talk. When we thus confess to ourselves, we strengthen

and sharpen our intelligence, thereby creating the foundation for reforming ourselves.

Trust has been the backbone of successful relationships, communication and action.

So, what principles can you draw from this Story? What can we learn from it?

Brainstorm

27

One should follow what he/she says

that he/she will do.

Building Trust Breaking Trust

Have the courage to do the right

thing.

Stand by their family, friends and

community.

Cheating to win at anything

Blaming everyone else for their

troubles

Exhibiting behaviours that don’t

support their words

Are we building Trust or breaking Trust?

Keep promises.

Tell the truth, even if it means they may get in trouble.

Return things they find that belong to someone else.

Establish a good reputation.

Refusing to accept accountability

for their actions

Attempting to manipulate

Asking for advice often but never

using it

Make excuses for not keeping

promises

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Trust can be earned only when there is congruence between words and actions

– we do what we speak and we speak what we do. One may be able to initially

attract people by their flair and flamboyance, but that appeal will fade soon if

not sustained by core integrity.

Food for thought: Earn your Trust

How to develop TRUST?

Dr. Stephen R. Covey, the author of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Families®, defines an

emotional bank account as one’s relationship with another. He explains the concept of an

emotional bank account with a metaphor: “By proactively doing things that build trust in a

relationship, one makes ‘deposits.’ Conversely, by reactively doing things that decrease trust,

one makes ‘withdrawals.’ The current ‘balance’ in the emotional bank account, will determine

how well two people can communicate and solve problems together.” If you are struggling to

communicate with others you may need to ask yourself, “Do I need to make more deposits?

When an emotional bank account has more

deposits then withdrawals the people involved

in that relationship will trust each other. Ridvan

Foxhall Occupational Therapist and Educator

states, “One of the key foundations of a strong

relationship is trust. In order to build trust, one

must continually make deposits of honesty,

kindness, unconditional love, patience, all of those

essential virtues that strengthen any relationship. In doing so, we build large reserves in the

emotional bank account.”

Understanding the difference between the deposits and withdrawals will help us to build a large

reserve of deposits in other’s emotional bank account.

29

Some common withdrawls

Making Deposits into the Emotional Bank Account

When we realize that we are making these withdrawals, we need to quickly apologize and stop

making these withdrawals. We need to replace the withdrawals with deposits.

One can learn how to make deposits in each other’s accounts. As the deposits increase,

the challenges one may have had in the past will now become opportunities to build trust.

Communication will improve when others feel that their opinion is valued

Trust is an attitude that we have towards people whom we hope will be trustworthy, where

trustworthiness is a property not an attitude. Trust and trustworthiness are therefore distinct

although, ideally, those whom we trust will be trustworthy, and those who are trustworthy will

be trusted.

Unpunctuality

Apologize for mistake

Over-sarcasm

Be kind and patient

Talking negative about others

Give time and lot of love

Criticizing

Exchange gifts with them

Not fulfilling promises

Spend quality time with them

Yelling/Screaming

Keep your promises

Interrupting them when they speak

Did you know?

30

You need to prove yourself to be TRUSTWORTHY

There was a very difficult situation for Hanuman who

is a servant of Lord Sri Rama. Hanuman was meeting

mother Sita for the first time in Ashoka Vatika after

She was abducted. Hanuman knew that mother Sita

would not believe him by merely looking at his face

value so he had to establish his authenticity. He first

started talking about Lord Sri Rama – Who is very

dear to mother Sita. Hanuman praised Lord Sri Rama

and gave details of Lakshman to gain acceptance

with mother Sita. Sita devi started listening to him –

but She still had her doubts. So Hanuman told how

She was abducted – which is unknown to demons

except Ravan himself. And finally, Hanuman gave her

– the ring given to him by Lord Shri Rama.

What do we learn from this incident from Ramayana?

To establish trust, discuss a subject close to the other party’s heart. Wait and watch.

has he become more open to sharing or listening or is he still closed?

Share information and proceed the conversation only once the other party gets

interested and (maybe) concerned.

Finally, show your best card when you have won the other party’s trust completely.

Offering everything right away may be viewed as interference or desperation or

worse, a lie. Wait for credibility to be established.

Trust is the base of any relationship. Without it, you cannot proceed further. To

build trust, it is very important to be honest and put the information in a right way.

Trustworthiness can not be built in just a one day. It can take years to build but only

one moment to lose.

31

1. Action before words:

2. Integrity over an opportunity:

3. Trustworthy people have a clear sense of boundaries:

4. They don’t harbor resentment:

5. They don’t seek validation from others:

6. They are dependable:

7. Self-ownership:

This person is all about showing you who they are. They don’t just talk about it. They live

their life with intention.

They are honest and don’t want anything from you but your relationship. They aren’t

opportunistic in the way that compromises the relationship. They would never exploit the

relationships around them to accomplish their needs.

They have a clear sense of boundaries which means their priorities are intact. If you don’t

have clear priorities it will be easy for you to fall for opportunistic tendencies and

exploit or compromise the relationship.

There is no air of envy or projection of personal insecurities. They don’t make your

successes or happiness a personal attack. They celebrate your wins! When someone harbors

resentment it’s easier to hurt the relationship and justify your hurtful actions.

They don’t do things for attention which means they won’t feel the need to share your

secrets for the reactions of others. Attention seekers typically love the drama and the need

for significance with everything they do. Trustworthy people will not compromise your trust

for temporary gain

They do what they say they are going to do around important issues. If they are needed by

their loved ones, they are there. They are reliable

Interdependent vs. Codependent – Someone who’s not dependent on the friendship. They

don’t rely on the attention and validation they get from this relationship. They have realistic

expectations and know what they have to give.

Qualities of a Trustworthy Person

32

8. Healthy sense of loyalty:

9. They speak the hard truths in loving ways:

10. Their physical presence is at ease when they are around you

Someone who is a ride-or-die but won’t let you burn in flames just to have your back. They

have a clear sense of boundaries. They have your best interests at heart and are able to tell

you the truth in loving ways.

Honesty never has to be brutal, and if you believe it does, it shows more about the

projection of your insecurities and fears than the person you are being “honest” to.

Trustworthy people are honest in the most loving ways.

Take a gauge of someone’s physical presence when they are around you, and take note of

how you feel when you are around them. Energy doesn’t lie, and it will show up in your

physical presence. If both people are able to be in a relaxed state around each other, it’s like

there is a foundation of trust in that relationship.

“But ignorant and faithless persons who doubt the revealed scriptures do not attain God

consciousness; they fall down. For the doubting soul there is happiness neither in this world

nor in the next.”

When we are inexperienced, we may naïvely believe that everyone is entirely trustworthy.

Exploiting our naiveté, self-interested people will sooner or later take us for a ride.

On being disappointed or betrayed by those whom we had trusted, we may recoil to the

other extreme, becoming cynical about everyone. We start attributing selfish motives by

default to everyone, even those who are kind and affectionate. Such cynicism keeps us

lonely and alienated. Between these two extremes of naiveté and cynicism is the courage to

trust, wherein we acknowledge that everyone has snakes inside them, as do we ourselves.

Yet we also acknowledge that we have an innate need to love and be loved, a need that

Bhagvad Gita 4.40 says -

Scriptural Wisdom -

ajnas casraddadhanas ca

samsayatma vinasyati

nayam loko ‘sti na paro

na sukham samsyatmanah

33

can’t be denied forever. Therefore, we learn to complement our heart’s longing with our

head’s probing; we open our heart gradually to some people, using our intelligence and

experience. Whereas cynical people dismiss all trust as naïve, we see trust as an act of

courage: the willingness to give at least some people the benefit of the doubt, as we give to

ourselves and want others to give to us.

Such courage is required not just in our relationships with other human beings but also in

our relationship with the supreme being.

In this regard, we know the story of Lord

Rama from Ramayana. Lord Rama was the

eldest son of King Dasaratha. Dasaratha had

3 more children Lakshmana, Bharatha and

Shatrugna from his other wives. So in spite of

the fact that they were all step-brothers, all

four brothers were very affectionate to each

other right from their childhood. When King

Dasaratha wanted to enthrone Lord Rama as

the king, Bharatha was at his maternal grand-

father’s house in Kaikeya. By providential

arrangement Manthara provoked Mother

Kaikeyi, mother of Bharatha to ask King

Dasaratha to fulfill the two boons which he had promised her many years ago. As a result

Lord Rama had to be sent to forest for 14 years and Bharatha was supposed to become the

king. On hearing this, as an obedient son, Lord Rama went to the forest accompanied by his

dear brother Lakshmana and beloved wife Sita. When Bharatha returns to Kosala and found

that how by the wrong acts of his mother, Lord Rama had left for forest and that his father

had died unable to bear the separation of Lord Rama, he became very disappointed and

he determined to bring back Lord Rama to Ayodhya and restore the kingdom in His good

hands. So He went to the forest with a big army, ministers and other family members.

At that time Lord Rama was staying in an ashram in Chitrakoot forest. When He heard

the sound of the army approaching the ashram, He told Lakshmana to check who it was.

Lakshmana climbed a tall tree and could find out from the flag that it was Bharatha’s

army. Immediately Lakshman thought that Bharatha was coming there with a big army to

Story Time

34

attack them. So he became furious with this thought and said that he would kill Bharath

as well as Kaikeyi for all the troubles they had been giving to Lord Rama. At that time

Lord Rama warned him by saying that He was never keen on becoming the king. He knew

Bharata’s heart. Bharata was no less devoted to Him than Lakshmana. He also longed to

see Bharata. He was sure that when Bharatha had heard about His exile he would have

been very upset and would have chastised his mother and would have left Ayodhya to

bring Him back. He knew that Bharata would not dare to harm them even in his dreams.

There are some wonderful lessons which we can learn from the above loving dealings of

Lord Rama towards His brothers. In our interactions with other living entities, many times

we also make this mistake of judging people based on certain preconceptions about them,

based on some past incidents etc, or based on what others complain to us about that

person. We use our limited imperfect senses and simply believe whatever we see/hear.

That person might have done so many good things in the past. But all those things fade

away from memory and the mind simply gets filled with all sorts of concoctions and we

start seeing the other person as an enemy and the relationship gets strained. But here we

find how much trust Lord Rama had on His brother Bharatha. He did not doubt Bharatha,

when He saw him coming with such a big army. Even when His dear brother Lakshmana

complained about Bharatha, there was no doubt in His heart about Bharatha’s love for

Him. This loving trust is a crucial ingredient for life-long relationships. Relationships are

based on trust. When there is a breach of trust, relationships are shaken and it becomes

unsteady, bringing miseries to everyone.

How trustworthiness impacts Environment?

The struggle against climate change will not be successful without a sufficient level of

collective action. However, a necessary precondition for this is the existence of trust

between people. The results of European Social Survey (based on the data collected from

22 countries) show that while climate change beliefs and climate concern display no

relationship with trust, neither on the individual or national level, trust does have a clear

effect on the feeling of individual responsibility in connection with climate change and on

support for the various policy measures.

This Figure proves clearly the positive effect of trust in the fight against climate change.

Here on the horizontal axis, similarly to the previous diagrams, the proportion of those

with a high level of trust per country can be seen, while on the vertical axis, the composite

indicator measuring the support of policy measures to reduce climate change is shown.

35

The relationship reinforcing the proposed expectation is very markedly depicted, according

to which the higher the level of trust in a society the more capable the community is

of overcoming joint problems. The level of support for policy measures is lower in the

mistrusting Central and Eastern European countries and in Southern Europe, while it is

stronger in Western and Northern European countries where the level

of trust is higher.

Any measure towards sustainability first can be achieved by being completely transparent

and honest to self, stakeholders and buyers. Enhanced transparency will be critical

for building trust and processes to facilitate the transition to ethical and sustainable

development. It is important to note that even for any

product or brand, consumers are likely to be loyal to a brand that is completely transparent

and can be trusted. Transparency builds trust and trust is the

foundation for any relationship, even businesses.

36

The ‘Rainforest Alliance certified’ sticker means that the

certified product or ingredient was produced using methods

that support the three pillars of sustainability: social,

economic, and environmental. A Seattle-based clean water

group, however, claims that that message runs counter to the

on-the-ground reality at the certified farms.

“I saw aerial fumigation over schools and homes.

I saw open source rivers with no protection from the chemical

fumigation at one of the rainforest alliance certified farms,” said Eric Harrison, director of

Water and Sanitation Health, which then sued Rainforest Alliance.

Thus, they lost their reputation and trust in the market.

Fiji water – luxury brand for bottled water, launched fijigreen.com,

that detailed the brands buying process and steps it takes towards

sustainability. The brand also changed its brand labels and tags to

show positive environmental impact of the steps it has taken towards

climate change. It stamped its bottles with green water droplets to

emphasise on its consciousness. This sign almost matched to the

environmental seals of approval used by independent third parties.

Despite all its efforts and rigorous marketing efforts, the campaign

flopped.

While Fiji water had a great and timely marketing campaign,

however, they actually had lied about any of their initiatives towards

sustainability and also mislead the consumers by using the green

water droplet sign. The production

and transport of just one Fiji water bottle extensively used diesel and generated high carbon

emissions. Bottles were packet in polyethylene terephthalate that has low recycling rates.

All their claims on the company website were proven to be false.

As a result, Fiji water was sued by a law firm for making misleading claims and lying to

consumers. This caused irreparable damage to their brand and loss to business.

Even the most reputed businesses if they lie or cannot win the trust of customers, then any

initiative towards climate change will only fail.

Case Study

Rainforest Alliance (Chiquita bananas, coffee, tea, etc.)

Fiji Water

37

Let’s Answer

A trustworthy person is always ________ but not vice versa.

From the story of Kamsa and Vasudev, why did the demoniac person like Kamsa believe

Vasudev and did not kill his sister Devaki?

From the story of Kamsa and Vasudev, what do you think is important?

One can break trust if he/she is constantly (tick more than one answer)

a. Deceptive

a. Because Vasudev was trustworthy

a. Being Trustworthy and gaining confidence of everyone, good or bad

a. Blaming others for their problems

b. Honest

b. Because Kamsa had some other intentions

b. Making a show of your skills

b. Asking for advice and using it

c. Studious

c. Because Vasudev was friends with Kamsa

c. Cheat and lie and get your work done

c. Standing along with their family members

d. Ready to cheat others

d. None of these

d. Being good with good, and bad with bad

d. Manipulating his words

1.

2.

3.

4.

If one feels negative about others, and is not able to fulfil his promises, then he needs to

a. Withdraw from his emotional bank account

b. Do not make promises

c. Make Deposit within his emotional bank account

d. Avoid feeling negative about not fulfilling promises

5.

38

a. Clear sense of boundaries

b. No air of envy

c. A desire to excel in every field

e. Integrity and honesty

d. Non-availability for their family members

f. Conveying hard truth in harsh ways

From the story of Hanumanji and Mother Sita, the lessons can be arranged in the fol-

lowing order

a. Discuss subject that is close to another person

b. Talk confidential things once the trust is established between the two people.

c. Once, the other person gets interested then proceed the conversation and

share information

6.

One can find in a trustworthy person (Tick on correct options)7.

In the story of Lord Rama and Bharata, why was Lord Rama not agitated to see Bharata coming with the entire army ?

a. Because he had better weapons to kill Bharata

b. Because he knew Bharat was coming for good and had trust on him

c. Because he was eager to know the people in the army

d. Because he was his brother and he did not want to waste his energy

8.

From the story of Lord Rama and Bharata, what is the most important lesson that one can derive?

a. One must not act on preconceived notion about other person and create

misunderstandings

b. One should not talk to his step-brother

d. None of these

c. One should go to the forest and enjoy nature

9.

39

Which one amongst the following is NOT a right measure to evaluate green trust?

a. Product’s environmental image is generally reliable

b. Product’s environmental functionality is dependable

d. Product’s environmental performance meets your expectations.

c. Product’s marketing strategies

10.

Lord Krishna tells Arjuna about two consequences of being irresponsible, and not per-

forming one’s occupations. Please choose them among the following options. (BG 2.2)

a. Miserable life

b. Distrust in relationships

c. Infamy

d. Despondency

e. Not be promoted to higher planets

11.

From Bhagavad Gita 18.28, mention at least three qualities of a person in the mode of

ignorance which will definitely reduce his trustworthiness?

12.

a.)

b.)

c.)

As there is a common saying “Action speaks louder than words”. One who only speaks but does not follow in his own life what they speak sometimes cheat the innocent

public. Krishna calls such people to be -----( BG 3.6-7, BG 3.21)

a. Motivational speaker

b. Influencer

c. Pretender

d. Life Coach

13.

40

A _________ sweeper in the street is far better than __________ meditator who medi-tates only for the sake of living. (BG 3.6-7)

Bhagavad Gita gives a reflection as to why people engage in unbeneficial acts. Lord Krish-na says - “the demoniac, who are lost to ___________ and who have no ____________, engage in unbeneficial, horrible works meant to destroy the world.” (BG 16.9)

According to BG 18.47, in some cases speaking a lie is unavoidable like a merchant says, “Oh, my dear customer, for you I am making no profit,” but one should know that without profit the merchant cannot exist. Such things do not make a person untrust-worthy because ______________.

One cannot blindly trust each and every one because according to scriptures all human beings have four defects. Please mention the four defects with reference to BG 16.24.

a. Honest, Charlatan

a. Illusion, intelligence

a. They are born of the occupational faults.

b. Sincere, trustworthy

b. Themselves, intelligence

b. They are done for earning the necessities of life.

d. Skillful, pseudo

d. Illusion, character

d. All of the above.

c. Sincere, charlatan

c. Themselves, character

c. Few lies does not make a person untrustworthy

14.

17.

15.

16.

a.)

b.)

c.)

d.)

41

Equity

The Supreme Lord is neither partial nor impartial but reciprocal.

And it is He that will judge the world with righteousness;

He shall execute judgment upon the people with equity.

-Bhagavad Gita 4.11

-Bible Psalm 9:8

What is Equity?

Equity is the quality of being fair and reasonable in a way that gives equal treatment to

everyone. Although the terms equity and equality may sound similar, the implementation

of one versus the other can lead to dramatically different outcomes for marginalized

people. Equity recognizes that each person has different circumstances and allocates the

exact resources and opportunities needed to reach an equal outcome, whereas Equality

means each individual or group of people is given the same resources or opportunities.

Merriam-Webster defines equitable as “dealing fairly and equally with all concerned,”

and equal as “of the same measure, quantity, amount, or number as another.” However,

much like systemic and systematic, the two words (and their derivatives) can’t be used

interchangeably.

Equality has to do with giving everyone

the exact same resources, whereas equity

involves distributing resources based on

the needs of the recipients. On the left side

of the illustration below, for example, three

identical boxes are given to three people of different heights—it’s an equal distribution

of resources, but it fails to consider that the tallest person doesn’t need a box to see over

the fence, while the shortest person could clearly use an extra one. When the boxes are

redistributed equitably, as seen on the right side of the illustration, all three spectators can

watch the game.

42

GENDER

EDUCATION

RESOURCE

WORKPLACE

Basis Equity Equity

Giving more nutritious and additional quantity of food to the pregnant and lactating (breastfeeding) women and adolescent girls, based on their

dietary requirement.

Arranging extra classes and giving special attention to the academically weak student in order to reduce his/her existing educational achievement gap and improve his/her education and classroom/school performance. This will ultimately help the individual student to reach his/her fullest

potential

When distributing a pair of shoes to the football players, give the right pair of shoes to all the players as per their feet

size.

Difference in salary, benefits and rewards to the employees as per their work performance,

expertise and specialty.

Giving equal quantity of food to all the family members including pregnant and lactating (breastfeeding) women, and adolescent girls, irrespective of their nutritional requirement

and need

Giving equal attention and equal effort by the teacher to all the students in the classroom/ school OR arranging extra classes for all the students irrespective of their exam grades, marks and classroom/

school performance.

When distributing a pair of shoes to the football players, giving the same size of shoes to all the players without any

concern for their feet size.

Same salary, benefits and rewards to all the employees irrespective of the difference in

their work performance.

Difference between equity & equality

To summarize, equality is about dividing resources in matching amounts, and equity focuses

more on dividing resources proportionally to achieve a fair outcome for those involved.

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How does Justice differ from equality and equity?

Justice taken outside of a legal construct of crime and punishment, involves removing the

barriers that prevent equality and equity.

In the cartoon above we see the demonstration by using an apple tree (seemingly with

reference to Shel Silverstein’s The Giving Tree, which is not without controversy).

The first image shows Inequality. One person has access to the apples falling from the tree

and one person does not.

The second represents Equality. While both people are given ladders of equal height, the

tree leans to the left, making the apples accessible for one person but not the other.

The third represents Equity. The person on the right side of the tree is given a taller ladder

to access the apples while the person on the left has a shorter one that allows her access.

Finally, there’s Justice. In this we see that the tree is straightened, thus removing the barrier

for the person on the right. He no longer needs a taller ladder to access the apples.

44

Story Time

Michael and Angela have just turned fifty-five. They know two people who have died in

the past few years—one from cancer, another in a car accident. It occurs to them that they

should make a plan for their kids. They have some

money in the bank. Suppose they were both killed in a

plane crash—what would happen to them?

They have four children, who range in age from their

late teens to their late twenties. Chloe, the oldest, is

a math wiz with a coding job at Google; she hopes to

start her own company soon. Will, who has a degree

in social work, is paying off his student debt while

working at a halfway house for recovering addicts. The twins, James and Alexis, are both in

college. James, a perpetually stoned underachiever, is convinced that he can make it as a

YouTuber. (He’s already been suspended twice, for on-campus pranks.) Alexis, who hopes to

become a poet, has a congenital condition that could leave her blind by middle age.

At first, Michael and Angela plan to divide their

money equally. Then they start to think about it.

Chloe is on the fast track to remunerative Silicon

Valley success; Will is burdened by debt in his quest

to help the vulnerable. If James were to come

into an inheritance, he’d likely grow even lazier,

spending it on streetwear and edibles; Alexis, with

her medical situation, might need help later in life.

Maybe, Michael and Angela think, it doesn’t make sense to divide the money into equal

portions after all. Something more sophisticated might be required. What matters to them is

that their children flourish equally, and this might mean giving the kids unequal amounts—

an unappealing prospect.

The message of the above mentioned story is very important. There is always a trade-off

between treating people equally and treating them “as equals.” Some people are born

very smart. Some people are born not so smart. Some people are born very beautiful, and

some people are not, so you can’t say they’re all created equal. Even equality itself, as an

ideal, is insufficient. So, the concept of equity is better to implement as it allows everyone

Let’s think and learn

45

to flourish by having the right amount of resources needed for each contender. Equity is a

more dynamic concept.

Can you think of various strong arguments to support to equity in division of money/property of parents?

Brainstorm

Lord Rama and his army of monkeys were preparing for war with Ravana. Rama asked

his army to build the bridge over the sea. Work began at once on a stone bridge. The

monkeys pulled out rocks and heavy stones from the

mountains, and carried them to the sea. All this was

very difficult work and it took a long time. Thousands

of monkeys worked night and day. Rama felt happy.

“How hard they work! Their love for me makes them

work like this,” thought Rama. One day, Rama saw a

small brown squirrel. He was going up and down the

seashore with little pebbles in his mouth. The little

squirrel could carry only little pebbles at a time in his small mouth. A great monkey was

carrying a large heavy stone on his back and the squirrel came in his way.

The monkey jumped back. “Here, you little thing,” shouted

the monkey in a voice like thunder, “you’re in my way, I

stepped back and you’re alive now. But I nearly fell. And what

are you doing here?”

The little squirrel looked up at the great monkey. “I’m sorry

you nearly fell, Brother Monkey,” he said in his small voice,

“but please always look where you are going. I’m helping

Rama build the bridge. And I want to work hard for him.”

“You, what?” shouted the monkey and laughed aloud. “Did

you hear that!” he said to the other monkeys. “The squirrel

is building a bridge with his pebbles. Oh dear! Oh dear! I’ve

never heard a funnier story.” The other monkeys laughed too.

Story Time

Story: “The Squirrel who helped Lord Rama”

46

“But I want to help, too,” said the squirrel and would not go.

Rama held the squirrel close to him. He said to the monkeys, “Do not make fun of the weak

and the small. Your strength or what you do is not much important. What matters is your

love. This little squirrel has love in his heart.”

“O Vanaras, you are brave and strong, and

are doing a wonderful job bringing all these

huge boulders and stones from far and

dropping them in the ocean. But did you

notice that it is the tiny pebbles and stones

brought by this small squirrel and some of

the other smaller creatures which are filling

the small gaps left between the huge stones?

Further, do you not realize that the tiny grains of sand brought by this squirrel are the ones

which bind the whole structure and make it strong? Yet you scold this small creature and

fling him away in anger!” Hearing this, the Vanaras were ashamed, and bowed down their

heads.

Rama continued, “Always remember, however small, every task is equally important. A

project can never be completed by the main people alone. They need the support of all, and

however small, an effort should always be appreciated!” Rama then turned to the squirrel

and said softly, “My dear squirrel, I am sorry for the hurt caused to you by my army, and

thank you for the help you have rendered to me. Please go and continue your work happily.”

Saying this, he gently stroked the back of the squirrel with his fingers, and three lines

appeared where the Lord’s fingers had touched it. Rama held the squirrel closer to him and

said. “Little one, your love touches my heart.” He said these words and passed his fingers

gently over the little squirrel’s back and when he put him down there were three white

stripes on his back, these were the marks of Lord Rama’s fingers.

Let’s think and learn

Although the squirrel is doing very little in compared to the Vanaras but since it was at best

capacity of squirrel so it pleased the Lord Rama immensely.

Lord Rama did not treat squirrel and Hanuman based on the principles of equality rather

he treated them based on the principles of equity. Equality treats everyone the same

without paying attention to the natural differences between people in different races, sexes,

social classes, and more. Here Lord Rama treats squirrel and Hanuman appropriately after

47

Suppose someone is a champion of equality and is seeking a life-partner. Will they just look

at the teeming mass of humanity and pick up anyone because, after all, everyone is equal?

Certainly not; they will carefully look for someone compatible.

Are they being unreasonable? No. Because people are different; they have their individual

personalities — their qualities, abilities and interests that makes them who they are. And

not everyone can get along equally well with everyone else.

That’s why even when we intuitively believe that everyone is equal, we don’t and can’t

treat everyone equally as a potential life-partner. The Bhagavad-gita points to the dual

components of our present personality when it declares that we are spirit souls that is a

part of the Divine and we have a material shell that is composed of our body and mind. Our

present personality is a complex mesh of our spiritual and material sides. We all are meant

to grow in our particular way so that we can become who we are meant to be. And the

same applies to others.

Through our relationships, we are meant to help each other grow and find shared

satisfaction along the journey. We would like as a partner someone whose personality gels

properly considering the differences between them.

No task and service to Sri Rama, however small, is unimportant! Every task should be looked

upon as service to the Lord, and his blessings will always be with us. We should never forget

that love and dedication is what matters to Lord Rama and not big services and show we

make for our prestige.

Krishna just say that whatever we do big or small we offer to HIm. In Bhagavad-gita 9.27

Krishna says:

Whatever you do, whatever you eat, whatever you offer or give away, and whatever

austerities you perform — do that, O son of Kunti, as an offering to Me.

Thus when we offer all our efforts to God it pleases him to the very extent and thus we feel

overbounding happiness and satisfaction. And hence the lord treats them equally.

yat karoshi yad asnasi

yajjuhoshidadasiyat

yattapasyasikaunteya

tat kurushva mad-arpanam

Learn equity from Bhagavad Gita

48

in some way with ours — we may be unlike in a way that attracts and complements each

other or we may be alike in a way that attracts and reinforces the good in each other or we

may seek some other specific dynamic that helps us bond well with each other.

Therefore, even when we appreciate everyone’s inherent equality, we also recognize the

diversity of different people’s personalities and choose the relationships that nourish our

and others’ individuality.

A learned person does not make any distinction between species or castes. The brahmana

and the outcaste may be different from the social point of view, or a dog, a cow, or an

elephant may be different from the point of view of species, but these differences of body

are meaningless from the viewpoint of a learned man. This is due to their relationship to

the Supreme, for the Supreme Lord, by His plenary portion as Paramatma, is present in

everyone’s heart. Such an understanding of the Supreme is real knowledge. As far as the

bodies are concerned in different castes or different species of life, we will have to deal with

different people differently based upon their bodily differences. But spiritually, everyone is

a spirit soul, a part and parcel of the supreme Lord and the same Lord is residing within the

heart of all the people whether one may be an outcast or a brahmana. Therefore, both of

them should be respected equally.

So, Bhagavad gita teaches us that based

upon the bodily differences we will have to

consider these differences and will have to be

considerate about these differences and treat

them accordingly but we need to respect

everyone despite of the differences because

all are part and parcel of the supreme lord.

vidya-vinaya-sampanne

brahmane gavi hastini

suni caiva sva-pake ca

panditah sama-darsinah

The humble sage, by virtue of true knowledge, sees with equal vision a learned and gentle brahmana, a cow, an elephant, a dog and a dog-eater [outcaste]. Bhagavad-Gita

49

Respecting equality shouldn’t lead to denying individual personality — equality is meant to

help express individuality, not to suppress individuality.

One-sentence summary:

Think it over:

A sustainable world is one in which human needs are met equitably and without sacrificing

the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Human well-being is described by

four primary elements—basic human needs, economic needs, environmental needs, and

subjective well-being. What makes changes in human well-being sustainable for a population

or a nation? Two major interactional concepts can push changes in human well-being toward

a sustainable state in space and time—

a. Social equity

b. Intergenerational equity.

Social equity - The concept of social equity distributes well-being over space, ensuring the fair

treatment of all members of society promoting spatial sustainability of a well-being decision.

Social equity implies fair access to livelihood, education, and resources; full participation in the

political and cultural life of the community; and self-determination in meeting fundamental

needs.

Intergenerational equity - The concept of

intergenerational equity distributes well-being

through time, ensuring the well-being of present

and future generations of a population or nation,

promoting temporal sustainability of a well-being

decision. Intergenerational equity is a value concept

which focuses on the rights of future generations.

Intergenerational equity is a notion that views the

human community as a partnership among all generations. Each generation has the right to

When choosing a relationship, why don’t people treat everyone equally?

How can our relationships function constructively?

How can our respect for equality be balanced with respect for individuality?

Equity for Sustainability

50

inherit the same diversity in natural and cultural resources enjoyed by previous generations

and to equitable access to the use and benefits of these resources. At the same time, the

present generation is a custodian of the planet for future generations, obliged to conserve

this legacy so that future generations may also enjoy these same rights. Human actions that

directly or indirectly degrade the environment in the present will affect future generations of

humans and other life forms. In this way, intergenerational equity extends the scope of social

justice into the future.

The roles of social and intergenerational equity in terms of their influence on human well-

being are examined with a focus on more sustainable decision-making.

Environmental equity

Environmental equity means that all sections of the society

have fair access to environmental benefits, regardless of

income, race, and other characteristics.

Also, Environmental equity describes a country, or world, in

which no single group or community faces disadvantages in

dealing with environmental hazards, disasters, or pollution.

Environmental equity is a basic human right.

According to the EPA(Environmental Protection Agency),

environmental equity can be broken down into two

categories—fair treatment and meaningful involvement.

Fair Treatment means that no group

should be disproportionately affected by an

environmental hazard or crisis because of laws

or governmental policies. The effects of an

environmental hazard should be shared more or

less equally across society.

Meaningful involvement means that groups

can offer their input on decisions that will

affect their environment and their health.

Input should be taken seriously, and lawmakers

should seek feedback from communities that are affected by decisions that government

officials have made.

51

But we see, environmental inequities already exist in all societies. Poorer people tend to suffer

the burden of environmental problems more than others do. This is because more affluent

people have more choices about where they live: they can afford to pay more to live in areas

that have not had their environment degraded. Also, more affluent people are better able to

fight the imposition of a polluting facility in their neighbourhood because they have better

access to financial resources, education, skills and the decision-making structures. Similarly

workers in certain industries are often exposed to higher health risks than the rest of the

community–as, for example, are workers in mining or mineral processing and the chemical

industry. Often, the work-forces in very hazardous industries are made up of large numbers of

migrants or ethnic minorities.

Inequitable management practices often include the following:1. Violations of fundamental rights such as: the right to life, the right to livelihoods, the right to

shelter, the right to freedom of movement and association;

2. Violations of access to the basic human needs identified by Abraham Maslow, such as:

safety, other physiological needs, self-esteem, and actualization needs.

The strategies and tactics often utilized include:

Evictions without compensation and adequate resettlement in both rural and urban areas;

Restrictions on mobility, such as entry and exit into traditional zones of operations

such as game reserves and forests;

Restrictions on traditional or popular environmental management activities and

livelihood strategies such as range burning, grazing patterns, cultivation, hunting,

fishing, gathering, and street trading.

The imposition of culturally alien practices, an example being extraordinary family

planning strategies such as involuntary sterilization;

Deliberate and systematic neglect in the provision of services as they affect the poor,

such as those of public health or those of effective crime control.

52

Narmada Bachao Movement

The Narmada Bachao Movement which

began in 1980 was one of the successful

environmental justice movements in

India. Almost 30 dams were constructed

on the Narmada River and the world

bank sanctioned the loan for constructing

these dams. A large number of people

were displaced from the land. Farmers

were dependent on the Narmada river

for their livelihood. This movement was led by Medha Patkar and she got support from all

over the world. Soon the loan sanctioned by the World Bank got canceled. The movement

shifted the political focus to the promotion of alternatives designed to benefit the poor and

the environment.

Case 2 - The Chipko movement

One of the most successful movement called chipko movement which was inspired by the

sacrifice of the Amirtha Devi and it started in 1973. It was the conflict between farmers

who earn a livelihood from the forest of Uttar Pradesh and elite people. Elite people started

cutting forest for the purpose of constructing the road for carrying out commercial trade

activities which leads to the degradation of the environment and soil erosion. It was an

injustice for the farmers who were dependent on this forest. For protecting the forest, these

53

farmers stood against the authorities and between the tree and logger and hugging the

trees. Thus it forces the authorities to cancel their contract of cutting the forest and the

chipko movement becomes successful. It was the first movement which became successful

without any violence and political disturbance. In 1987, the Chipko movement was awarded

the Right Livelihood Award”for its dedication to the conservation, restoration

and ecologically-sound use of India’s natural resources.”

Let’s Answer

Please fill in the blanks with appropriate term :

A represents __________

B represents __________

C represents __________

D represents __________

1.

What kind of equity/inequity do the following scenarios represent:2.

Ram always tries to use the water judiciously so that it is preserved for upcoming generations.

Government came up with a new law which says “All the people will have to pay the same taxes irrespective of the income they earn”.

54

In Sandygate Village, a government-subsidized housing community in Myrtle Beach, residents were left to fend for themselves while their more affluent neighbors boarded up their windows and fled. Sandygate’s residents had to weather the storm without proper protection and faced catastrophic, life-threatening flooding because they couldn’t afford safety.

From the story of Michael and Angela, what do you think is more important

a. Dividing the property equally and finishing off your responsibility

b. Dividing the money strategically, in unequal proportions, to facilitate the

children to flourish equally

c. No need to divide, save for old age

d. None of these

3.

What is the moral of the story of Lord Rama and the little squirrel

a. Efforts should be done according to one’s size

b. It is the thought that counts, not the thing

c. Lord Rama loves everyone

d. Equality is more important than Equity

4.

Social Equity refers to a state where

a. Each citizen should exercise right to save environment

b. It is a concept of temporal sustainability and not spatial sustainability

c. Each citizen has the right to be given equal treatment by the political

system, regardless of economic resources

d. None of these

5.

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A rich person chooses to live in a place that is environmentally less degraded. What is

this referred to as?

a. Social Inequity

b. Intergenerational Inequity

c. Political Inequity

d. Environmental Inequity

6.

What aspect of environmental equity was promoted by the Narmada Bachao

movement?

a. Evictions without compensation and adequate resettlement in both rural

and urban areas;

b. Restrictions on mobility, such as entry and exit into traditional zones of

operations such as game reserves and forests;

c. Restrictions on traditional or popular environmental management activities

and livelihood strategies such as range burning, grazing patterns, cultivation,

hunting, fishing, gathering, and street trading.

7.

One who sees the supersoul _____________present everywhere, in every living being, does not degrade himself by his ____________. ( BG 13.29)

a. Equally, brain

b. Unequally, Intelligence

c. Equally, mind

d. Equally,intelligence

8.

Who is a perfect yogi?( BG 6.32)

a. One who sees the true equality of all being

b. One who is conditioned by material desire

c. One who envy others

d. One who works for personal benefit.

9.

56

A Krishna conscious person has equal vision and is truly learned because he has com-

plete knowledge that ______________ - (BG 5.18)

A) Identification with the body --- Conditioned life

B) Equanimity through self - realization ----- Liberated life ( BG 5.19)

10.

11.

a. Soul and super soul are same qualitatively

a. Only A is correct

b. Soul and super soul are same quantitatively

b. Only B is correct

c. Soul and supersoul are completely different

c. Both A and B are correct

d. Soul and supersoul are the same in all respects.

d. Both are incorrect

According to Bhagavad Gita 4.13, the tendency of a particular man towards work is

determined by -

Based on Bhagavad Gita 4.13, match the following -

12.

13.

a. The family in which one takes birth

b. Nationality and environment around

c. The modes of material nature which he has acquired.

d. All of the above

Brahmana

Varna Modes

Ksatriya

Vaisya

Sudra

mode of ignorance

mode of goodness

mode of passion and ignorance

mode of passion

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Lord Krishna follows the principle of equity in dealing with different types of people

because of his being non - envious and impartial nature. Lord is compared to - (BG 9.29)

The brahmanas, dogs, cows and the outcaste may be treated differently from

__________ point of view but these differences are meaningless from ___________

point of view.

14.

15.

a. Cloud

a. Social, economic

b. Desire Tree

b. Social, transcendental

c. Diamond

c. Transcendental, social

d. All of the above

d. Economic, transcendental

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Justice

It is not good to be partial to the wicked or to deprive the righteous of justice. -Bible Proverb 18.5

What is Justice?

Principles of Justice?

Justice means giving each person what he or she

deserves or, in more traditional terms, giving each

person his or her due. Justice and fairness are

closely related terms that are often today used

interchangeably. There have, however, also been

more distinct understandings of the two terms.

While justice usually has been used with reference

to a standard of rightness, fairness often has been

used with regard to an ability to judge without

reference to one’s feelings or interests; fairness

has also been used to refer to the ability to make

judgments that are not overly general but that are concrete and specific to a particular case.

In any case, a notion of being treated as one deserves is crucial to both justice and fairness.

(Manuel Velasquez, Claire Andre, Thomas Shanks, S.J., and Michael J. Meyer, 2018)

The most fundamental principle of justice—one that has been widely accepted since it was

first defined by Aristotle more than two thousand years ago—is the principle that “equals

should be treated equally and unequals unequally.” In its contemporary form, this principle

is sometimes expressed as follows: “Individuals should be treated the same, unless they

differ in ways that are relevant to the situation in which they are involved.” For example, if

Jack and Jill both do the same work, and there are no relevant differences between them or

Can you think of various strong arguments to support to equity in division of money/property of parents?

59

Brainstorm

Can you think of an incidence where you felt the need for justice? Discuss with a friend, and try to highlight ways in which justice can be given.

the work they are doing, then in justice they should be paid the same wages. And if Jack

is paid more than Jill simply because he is a man, or because he is white, then we have an

injustice—a form of discrimination—because race and sex are not relevant to normal work

situations( scu.edu, dept of ethics, 2020)

Around 5000 years ago, on the battlefield of Kurukshetra took

place the greatest warfare. Externally, it is seen that Lord

Krishna is inspiring Arjuna to fight but internally the reason is to

promote Justice. In Manu-samhita, the lawbook for mankind, it

is supported that a murderer should be condemned to death so

that in his next life he will not have to suffer for the great sin he

has committed. Therefore, the king’s punishment of hanging a

murderer is actually beneficial. Similarly, when Krishna orders

fighting, it must be concluded that violence is for supreme justice,

and thus Arjuna should follow the instruction, knowing well that such violence, committed

in the act of fighting for Krishna, is not violence at all.

So we see that the Supreme Lord is the greatest promoter of Justice. Just like a high-court

judge is sitting on his bench and by his order so many things are happening—someone

is being hanged, someone is being put into jail, someone is awarded a huge amount of

wealth—but still he is neutral. He has nothing to do with all that gain and loss. He is doing

it just to promote justice. Similarly, the Lord is always neutral, although He has His hand in

every sphere of activity. He awards reward and punishment just to promote justice.

The Bhagavad Gita promotes Justice

Let’s Understand

Treating everyone fairly under established rules and laws. (for example, following

classroom rules.)

What is justice?

60

What is fairness?

Why are justice and fairness important?

Treating all people with honesty and respect.

To make sure that everyone has the chance to succeed.

Giving everyone equal opportunities to succeed.

To make our home, school, community and world a better place for all people.

Cooperating with one another.

Making sure others are not treated badly.

Celebrating the uniqueness and value of everyone.

“We sent Our Messengers with clear signs and sent down with them the Book and

the Measure in order to establish justice among the people…” (Quran 57:25)

“O you, who believe, be upright for God, and (be) bearers of witness with justice!”

(Quran 5:8).

61

Story Time

The Treasure is not mine

Alexander the king of Macedon, wished to

become the master of the whole world.

He led his armies through many countries.

He plundered cities, he burned towns, he

destroyed thousands of lives.

At last, far in the East, he came to a land of

which he had never heard. The people there

knew nothing about war and conquest.

Although they were rich, they lived simply

and were at peace with all the world.

The Shah, or ruler of these people, went out to meet Alexander and welcome him to their

country. He led the great king to his palace and begged that he would dine with him.

When they were seated at the table the servants of the Shah stood by to serve the meal.

They brought in what seemed to be fruits, nuts, cakes, and other delicacies; but when

Alexander would eat he found that everything was made of gold.

“What!” said he, “Do you eat gold in this country?”

“We ourselves eat only common food,” answered the Shah. “But we have heard that it was

the desire for gold which caused you to leave your own country; and so, we wish to satisfy

your appetite.”

“It was not for gold that I came here,” said Alexander. “I came to learn the customs of your

people.”

“Very well, then,” said the Shah, “stay with me a little while and observe what you can.”

While the Shah and the king were talking, two countrymen came in. “My lord,” said one,

“we have had a disagreement, and wish you to settle the matter.”

“Tell me about it,” said the Shah.

“Well, it is this way,” answered the man: “I bought a piece of ground from this neighbor of

mine, and paid him a fair price for it. Yesterday, when I was digging in it, I found a box full

of gold and jewels. This treasure does not belong to me, for I bought only the ground; but

when I offered it to my neighbor he refused it.”

62

The Shah sat silent for a while, as if in thought. Then he said to the first man, “Have you a

son?”

“Yes, a young man of promise,” was the answer.

The Shah turned to the second man: “Have you

a daughter?”

“I have,” answered the man, “—a beautiful girl.”

“Well, then, this is my judgment. Let the son

marry the daughter, if both agree, and give them

the treasure as a wedding portion.”

Alexander listened with great interest. “You

have judged wisely and rightly,” said he to the Shah, “but in my own country we should have

done differently.”

“What would you have done?”

“Well, we should have thrown both men into prison, and the treasure would have been

given to the king.” Proclaimed the Alexander.

“And is that what you call justice?” asked the Shah. “We call it policy,” said Alexander.

“Then let me ask you a question,” said the Shah. “Does the sun shine in your country?”

“Surely.” Said Alexander.”Does the rain fall there?” asked Shah.

Alexander replied casually -”Oh, yes!” Further Shah uttered- “Is it possible! But are there

any gentle, harmless animals in your fields?”

Alexander spoke- “A great many.” “Then,” said the Shah, “it must be that the sun shines

and the rain falls for the sake of these poor beasts; for men so unjust do not deserve such

blessings.”

Here Shah was able to take the right decision but Alexander was not. Why? Lord Krishna

answers this in Bhagavad Gita. He mentions that the virtue of Justice can be practiced by

only those whose intelligence is in goodness because with such intelligence only a person is

able to understand what is right and what is wrong.

Both the countrymen were not greedy and were honest. The king did justice by

distributing wealth from their land and satisfied them. Being fair to his subjects King

took the right decision.

63

“O son of Påthä, that understanding by which one knows what ought to be done and what

ought not to be done, what is to be feared and what is not to be feared, what is binding and

what is liberating, is in the mode of goodness.”

And further Lord mentions that the intelligence which is

covered by passion or in other words which is covered

by selfishness, greed and lust is not able to discriminate

between right and wrong and thus can not react justly to

the people and situations in life.

They think truth to be untruth and accept untruth as

truth. In all activities they simply take the wrong path;

therefore, their intelligence is in the mode of ignorance.

Even Guru Nanak says in Japji Sahib: “Accept all humans as

your equals, and let them be your only sect” (Japji 28), and

Guru Gobind Singh promoted the principle of: “manas ki

jatsabhe eke paihcanbo - recognise all of mankind as a single

caste of humanity”.

The virtue of Justice can be practiced by only those whose intelligence is in goodness

because with such intelligence only a person is able to understand what is right and what is

wrong.

In BG 18.30, He says –

pravåttià ca nivåttià ca

käryäkärye bhayäbhaye

bandha mokñaà ca yävetti

buddhiù sä pärtha sättviké

Let’s think and learn

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Virtue of justice

Justice was one of the four virtues for the Greeks, the other three being Wisdom, Courage

and Temperance. However, Aristotle explains two types of justice: Complete and Parti cular

Justice. Complete justice is like moral virtues. He explains this in his book entitled Ethics that

it exists among people who are associated in common life with a view to self-sufficiency

and enjoy freedom and equality. But, for him, it is not possible until people are law-abiding.

Particular justice consists in the distribution of honour or wealth or any other things which

are divided among the mem bers.

Simply put, if our children don’t see us model a concern for social justice in our own life,

they are not going to care about it either – and it would be unreasonable to assume they

would. On the other hand, if they see us model social justice, compassion, and service on

a regular basis, they are going to realize the importance of it. So offer to make a meal for

the family of an unemployed friend, buy extra Christmas gifts for the orphan, take a stand

against corporations that exploit children, and speak up for those without a voice. Your son

or daughter will notice… they always do. If we want to raise justice-minded children, we

need to expose them to issues in our community and around the world that demonstrate

the need for justice.

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Environmental Justice

At the heart of every human rights resolution is a conviction that we should not be unjustly

imprisoned or suffer torture and other trespasses. There is no reason this conviction

shouldn’t also apply to animals. The COVID-19 breakout, swine flu, H5N1 and H7N7 bird

flu (culling of over 30 million birds), Nippah Virus (culling of 1 million animals), and SARS

are all due to unjust intensive animal agriculture and transportation practices. Humans’

insatiable desire to consume unethically large amounts of meat and dairy are the cause of

zoonotic diseases, and unless consumption is decreased, viruses like COVID-19 will become

the norm. This is a huge issue of injustice as the overconsumption of a few kill millions of

innocent people all over the world. COVID-19 is amplifying these injustices

The worldwide animal agriculture industry is a key

driver of zoonotic disease, pollution, climate change,

deforestation, and biodiversity loss. This industry is

responsible for rainforest destruction and land clearing;

depletion of water resources; and diversion of food

away

from hungry humans to animals destined for slaughter

(for example, over 70% of soy produce is fed to

livestock, and over a quarter of fish that are caught get

fed to farmed fish). In conclusion, it is vital for us all to

reduce our meat and dairy consumption and advocate

for a plant based diet and stop slaughtering animals!

Why should we value the well being of other humans? Why should we value life itself? Why

should we value the environment? There are many answers to these questions. The fact

that there are many answers does not mean that there is no answer.

Environmental Justice is the fair treatment

and meaningful involvement of all people

regardless of race, color, national origin,

culture, education, or income with respect

to the development, implementation, and

enforcement of environmental laws,

regulations, and policies. Fair Treatment means

that no group of people, including racial,

ethnic, or socioeconomic groups,

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should bear a disproportionate share of the negative environmental consequences resulting

from industrial, municipal, and commercial operations or the execution of federal, state,

local, and tribal environmental programs and policies.

The primary aim of environmental justice is therefore to ensure each and every person

benefits from equal degree of protection from environmental and health hazards.

At the same time, it also ensures everyone has the same degree of access to decision-

making to have an environment with learning conditions. Broadly, environmental justice is

all about equal distribution of the benefits and risks of the environment accompanied with

participatory healthy living, working and decision-making on environmental matters.

Principles of Environmental Justice

Environmental Justice is based on below principles:

Asserts that mother earth is sacred, that everything on earth is connected ecologically

and is interdependent, and that every species has a right to freedom from ecological

destruction.

Confirms the elementary right to economic, cultural, political and environmental

volition, of every person.

Requires all public policies to be founded on justice and mutual respect for all people

without any bias or discrimination.

Calls for a stop to production of toxic wastes and radioactive substances, and that the

past and present producers should be accountable for the people, the detoxification

and management of hazardous wastes at the production point.

Advocates for the right to use land and renewable resources responsibly, ethically and

in a way that is balanced in pursuit of a sustainable planet for humanity and other

living organisms.

Appeals for the right to participation as equal partners at every decision that needs

to be made with regards to their environmental surrounding, including assessment of

needs from assessments, planning, implementation and enforcement.

Asks for universal protection from indiscriminate nuclear testing, the production and

discarding of toxic waste and toxins and testing of nuclear material that threaten the

very important right to clear the air, water, land and food.

Confirms every worker’s right to a healthy and safe working environment without

having to choose between unemployment and an unsafe source of livelihood.

It also confirms that those who work from home have a right to freedom from

environmental hazards.

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Requires all public policies to be founded on justice and mutual respect for all people

without any bias or discrimination.

requires that we make our choices both personally and as consumers to consume

as little as we can of the earth’s resources and produce as little waste as we can.

We have to make the decision to reprioritize and challenge our lifestyles in order to

ensure a healthy world for the current and future generations.

Protects the rights of those who fall victim to environmental injustice to receive

reparations and full compensation for damages they incur and also receive great

health care.

Considers any acts of environmental injustice by the government a violation of

international laws; the United Nations Convention on Genocide and the Universal

Declaration on Human Rights.

confirms the urban and rural ecological policies needed to clear and reconstruct urban

and rural areas to be in balance with Mother Nature, respecting and recognizing the

cultural integrity of communities and providing equal access to all available resources.

Has to recognize a national and legal relationship between the regional natives and

the government through agreements, compacts, treaties and covenants that affirm

self determination and sovereignty

appeals for enforcement of the principles of informed consent and a stop to testing of

experimenting of medical and reproductive procedures and products and vaccines on

people of color.

Asks for empowerment of current and future generations that addresses social and

environmental issues based on current experience and appreciation for the different

cultural perspectives.

Environmental Case Studies

Scranton Manufacturing Company Inc. has agreed to

pay a civil penalty of $50,208 to resolve violations of

the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.

The Scranton, Iowa, company manufactures truck

equipment and, as alleged by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), violated

multiple federal regulations intended to protect workers and the public from exposure to

the toxic and/or ignitable waste it generated.

1. Scranton Manufacturing Company

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According to EPA, Scranton Manufacturing qualified as a “large quantity generator” of

hazardous waste but was failing to meet requirements of a facility producing that much

waste. The company failed to prepare a contingency plan to respond to emergencies;

failed to make arrangements with all local emergency responders in the event of a release

or threat of a release of a hazardous waste; and failed to complete all staff training

requirements. Because the company failed to meet these requirements, it was operating as

an unpermitted hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facility.

In response to the inspection findings, Scranton Manufacturing agreed to take the necessary

steps to return its facility to compliance.

Exposure to the kinds of waste produced by Scranton Manufacturing may lead to injury or

death if ingested or absorbed. Federal law requires facilities that generate hazardous wastes

to identify the waste and implement safe generation, handling, transportation, and disposal

practices.

This disposal of toxic wastes by the company is certainly an act of injustice towards the

environment.

Located in East Delhi, the Ghazipur landfill site has been operational since 1984. The East

Delhi Municipal Corporation (EDMC), responsible for landfill operations at Ghazipur, has

long sought to address the capacity constraints at the landfill. On September 1, 2017

a portion of the Ghazipur landfill’s slope failed. Waste from the landfill slid 110 meters

across an area adjacent to the landfill,

including a road, the Hindon Canal, and the

Escape Canal. As a result of this incident,

two people died and five were injured. This

incident spurred a renewed immediacy to

improve operations and management at

the Ghazipur landfill, explore alternative

waste management options, and identify

future landfill sites. The East Delhi Municipal Corporation and its counterparts are required

to complete a series of actions. These action call for develop action plans for waste

management, begin bio-stabilization and compaction activities, begin waste segregation

activities, identify new landfill sites, revisit environmental management practices, inspect

augmenting the capacity of existing waste-to-energy (WTE) plants, develop new WTE plants,

and create a pilot project using waste as a component of embankment filling at a nearby

national highway.

2. CASE STUDY: THE GHAZIPUR LANDFILL

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The landfill is prone to many problems like-

1. Site operations do not include proper placement and compaction of waste

2. Symptoms of potential future slope failures exist.

3. Fires (because of aerobic decomposition, disposed combustible material) contribute to

human health and safety concerns, and slope instability.

4. The landfill was originally constructed without a liner and leachate collection system

There are various disadvantages of Open dumping like it spreads foul odour, provides

place for germs and insects to grow, contaminates ground groundwater, streams, lakes,

damages plant and wildlife habitats and decreases the quality of life of the nearby areas and

communities. As the Landfill is impacting so many species and renewable resources in the

environment, it is therefore an act of environmental injustice.

Importance of Environmental Justice

1. It defines human relationship with the environment

The human relationship with the environment revolves around

perception and value and the role that these two play in our behavior

and lives. One thing that shapes our values is justice. It drives and

shapes us into being who we are. Most people recoil against injustice

towards other humans and other species of living organisms.

Those who are empowered on environmental injustice understand

Thus, they condemn environmental pollution

which can harm communities, individuals and ecosystems. People

also value outcomes they see as just. When people realize that

environmental justice protects environmental elements and commons that belong to their

community, they support it. When people realize this, they protect current and future

generations by being empowered through environmental justice initiatives.

2. It highlights the importance of conservation and fair usage of natural resources

People get to conserve natural resources when they follow environmental justice. Given

that communities debate over justice when it comes to distributing available resources like

water fairly, it ensures the resources are used wisely. For instance, unfair distribution and

usage of natural resources can be dangerous especially in areas where they are scarce.

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Environmental justice therefore emphasizes on fair

distribution and opposes wastage. When the principles

of environmental justice are followed, injustices

associated with natural resources are forgotten and

3. Sustainability can only be well comprehended through environmental justice

4. It defines the need for just distribution of resources (distributive justice)

Sustainability revolves a lot around the indefinite time renewable resources can be

harvested while pollution reduces and humanity can stop being overly dependent on non

renewable resources. Justice is about which rights are owed to what or who and assigning

the right treatments appropriate to behavior and circumstance.

According to Wolfgang Sachs and Tilman Santarius have noted in their book, Fair Future,

everyone should be accountable according to their needs and rights. When we weigh the

benefits of environmental justice such as natural resources and burdens such as pollution,

responsibility is learned and solutions to attain sustainability are taken. Sure sustainability

might be in a distant future but the actions we take in the present through environmental

justice initiatives take us a step toward it.

Because it is not wrong for one person to have more resources than others, distributive

justice is not about equally sharing resources. Just distribution of resources revolves

around how the people involved are involved

with one another. Justice applies not when one

has more resources than another, but if one

person takes resources from another person’s

environment. It also applies when one has

more resources than they need while another

is suffering for lacking any, this is injustice.

Environmental justice thus emphasizes the law of

distribution.

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4. It strengthens environmental laws, policies, and regulations

Justice falls under two categories; procedural justice which revolves around how

policies are decided on and consequentialist justice which is what comes off those

decisions and actions. For procedural justice, the rights of people have to be respected

in making decisions. Since it redistributes benefits and burdens, environmental justice

supports the policies about the environment. The principles of environmental justice

support and strengthen environmental laws through equal distribution of resources and

laws regarding pollution.

Let’s Answer

The quality of being righteous and lawful is

I have a pizza and there are four friends. So, I give a fourth portion to everyone. Then I am

To raise justice-minded children, we need to

a. Fairness

a. Honest

a. Care about others

b. Justice

b. Trustworthy

b. Expose them to current issues in society

c. Equity

c. Fair

c. Show them only our positive side

d. Integrity

d. Unjust

d. Follow Aristotle and his claims

1.

2.

3.

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Environmental Justice ensures that

A need to make a balanced decision (on personal level and consumer level) is there to save mother nature from exploitation and reprioritize our consumption of natural resources.

a. To use more and more animal products to balance the nature

a. True

b. animal products (meat and dairy) are consumed unethically

b. False

c. Every person gets equal level of protection from environmental consequences

c. Maybe

d. None of these

4.

5.

Scranton Manufacturing Companywas charged by the law for

From the Ghazipur landfill incidence, what are the different steps taken for improvisation (more than one option are correct)

a. Overflow of coal from the industry

a. Improved operations and management

b. Eruptions of volcano destroying the natural resources

b. The land is vacated by people to convert it into waste site

c. Converting ground to marsh due to overflow of byproducts from sludge dams

c. alternative waste management options are explored

e. Dumping has been started to see its future repercussion

d. Disposing hazardous toxic wastes in environment

d. WTE plants to be developed

f. Future landfill sites are identified

6.

7.

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Environmental Justice is significant due to the following reasonsI. fair usage of natural resourcesII. sustainabilityIII. weaken the environmental lawsIV. unequal distribution of resourcesV. develop connection between human and environment

In the story “The treasure is not mine”, how did King Shah do justice?

Government or king’s punishment to the wrongdoer is actually ____________ for him.

( BG 2.21)

a. I, II, III

a. By taking treasure

a. Harmful

b. I, II, V

b. By giving to other poor people

b. Demotivating

c. III, IV, V

c. By gifting to Alexander

c. Beneficial

d. I, IV, V

d. By developing relationship between both countrymen

d. Encouraging

8.

9.

10.

Krishna wanted Arjuna to pursue the path of justice but Arjuna could not accept the

advice. Why was Arjuna not able to do so ?( BG 2.3)

a. Soft-heartedness

b. Weakness of heart

c. Hard- heartedness

d. All of the above

11.

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A man of justice is able to take right decision in life which requires sound intelligence.

What is the most important function of intelligence ?( BG 18.30)

What were the arguments given by Arjuna for not fighting for justice? (BG 1.28 - BG

1.43)

People who are too selfish, think only about themselves and enjoyment of senses is the

only goal of life for them. According to BG 16.11-12, why do these have such ideology?

From the verses BG16.1-2, select the divine qualities which are essential for promoting

justice?

13.

12.

15.

14.

a. Memory power

a. Compassion

a. They think they are free to do anything

b. Discrimation power

b. Unable to enjoy in the absence of family members

b. They are very ambitious

c. Creative power

c. Family traditions will flourish

c. They do not know that there is a witness sitting within their heart.

d. Cramming power

d. Fearful of sinful reactions

d. None of the above

a.)

b.)

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That understanding which considers irreligion to be religion and religion to be irreli-

gion, under the spell of illusion and darkness, and strives always in the wrong direction.

Such an intelligence is in __________. (BG 18.32)

According to BG 16.21 , there are three gate of hell. What are they?

17.

16.

a. Mode of goodness

b.Mode of passion

c. Mode of ignorance

d. None of these

a.)

b.)c.)

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Integrity

A man with integrity walks safely, but those who follow crooked paths will slip and fall.

Integrity means to be honest, to be truthful and to make

great sacrifices for the welfare of others.

- Bible Proverb 10.9

- Radhanath Swami

Integrity: Sticking to the Right things

How Integrity benefits the community

Integrity means doing the right things consistently, even

when it is difficult or when it could get you in trouble.

Integrity is code of conduct with moral reflection,

steadfastness to commitments and trustworthiness. A

person of integrity is always respected and has inner

courage to not compromise on his values. It is very simple

to imbibe, you have to just stick to the right.

Integrity involves being the best, most honest and

morally-sound version of yourself. It is the milestone

of building a strong character guided by one’s chosen

personal values, and is reflected in a person that is firmly

centered in purpose and directed in life by their own core

self. We compromise our core integrity whenever we let

others make poor decisions for us or when we betray a

trust, betray our personal values, or betray that which we know is the truth for ourselves.

When we compromise our integrity, we allow a backdoor vulnerability for dark force

manipulation that many times descends even more darkness and chaos into the situation

where we had made the compromise.

Some benefits of being ethical and maintaining integrity are as follows:

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The resentment in youth stems from lost opportunities due to corruption, greed and

injustice. By being ethical, you ensure that everyone is treated fairly, cultivating unity and

cohesion in your community.

An ethical society provides a perfect environment for

entrepreneurs and innovators to design new products and

venture into new markets. This is because resources that

would otherwise be used to pay bribes can be channeled

into the growth and operation of new and existing

By being ethical, we are planting a seed of integrity in our future generations that will bear

the fruit of prosperity and sustainability in their communities.

Most young people are at a disadvantage in the job market when

employers practice unethical behavior. Ethical employers create a

level playing field for the youth, enabling them to secure jobs and

contribute to building their community.

A community is as strong as its judicial system. By being ethical and maintaining the

integrity of our judiciary, we ensure that everyone in the community, regardless of wealth

and status, is protected and enjoys their rights and freedoms.

An ethical society ensures that money allocated to infrastructure

projects — such as new roads, bridges and electricity — is

effectively used. This behavior not only propels the community

forward but also attracts investments that can have a profound

impact on the lives of local community members.

An ethical leader is greatly trusted in the community because the leader puts the interests

of society before personal interests. By being transparent and accountable, you can lead

people in the community more effectively, inspiring new ideas in others.

1. Fosters Cohesion

2. Inspires Innovation

3. Empowers Youth

4. Creates Jobs

5. Improves Law-making

6. Improves Infrastructure

7. Strengthens Leadership

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Diversity is the spice of life and a source of novel ideas and

progress.

By being ethical, we are able to recognize the role of diversity in

the community by embracing others who may be of a different

tribe, religion or gender. This creates harmony in society by acknowledging different values

and perspectives.

Being ethical can help to create a more positive image of the community. This can bring

in both domestic and foreign investment, which can be instrumental in transforming lives

in your community. Conversely, a reputation for unethical dealings hurts a community’s

chances of attracting new investment.

Transparency and integrity ensure that resources are well utilized and that members of

the community get access to health care, education and security. An ethical society serves

its members and provides the resources that will enable them to achieve today and in the

years to come.

When Lal Bahadur Shastri was serving as the prime minister of

India, he went to a textile mill. He requested the owner of the

mill to show him some Sarees for his wife. The owner showed

him some exquisite sarees. When Shastri ji asked the price, he

found them too expensive. He asked for cheaper sarees. The

owner showed him cheaper sarees. But, Shastri ji still found them

expensive. The owner was surprised and told him that he need not

worry about the prices as he was the prime minister of India and it

would be his privilege to give the sarees to him as a gift.

8. Encourages Diversity

9. Creates a Legacy

10. Fights Poverty

Brainstorm

Can you think of an incidence where you felt the need for justice? Discuss with a friend, and try to highlight ways in which justice can be given.

Story of “The expensive saree” that explains it all

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To this Shastri ji replied that he could not accept such expensive gifts and he would only

take a saree that he could afford.

Work on building and improving these characteristics within yourself, so that you have the

strength and courage to do the right thing when the time comes.

How to Develop and Preserve Integrity

The reputation of a thousand years may be determined by the conduct of one hour.

– Japanese Proverb

Your integrity is what determines your reputation, and, just as this proverb states, all it

can take is a single bad choice to destroy a lifetime’s worth of integrity.

1. Take Ownership For Poor Behavior

2. Do The Right Thing Even When Nobody’s Watching

3. Keep your words/commitments

We are not perfect; we can have a bad day, and we can make mistakes. When we do so we should always take ownership of our behavior, apologize and make a note to ourselves to steer away fromthings that may trigger a poor reaction from us in the future. People are willing to be more forgiving and will respect you more if you apologize. It doesn’t make you a bigger person when you admit you are wrong. It makes you a person of integrity when you recognize and own the fact that you were not right.

It is important to always do the right thing even when we think nobody’s watching. The truth is someone is always watching how you handle a situation and they are deducing if you are conducting yourself in a manner that holds true to integrity. You never know who is watching and what opportunities could come your way by keeping your word

If you want to establish a solid reputation you must deliver on your promises. Without excuses and without a change of conditions, let your yes be a yes and where your convictions demand it, let your no

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be a no. If you say you’re going to be somewhere at 11am, be there at 11am. If you think you’re going to be late or suspect your prior appointment might run over, be sure to notify. Being on time and where you say you’re going to be, says a lot about the character of a business. Letting people down by failing to show up or by having little regard for another’s time is a surefire way to damage your reputation.

After lengthy negotiations Jon M. Huntsman, Sr., founder and CEO of Huntsman Chemical Corporation, had come to an agreement with Emerson Kampen, Chairman and CEO of Great Lakes Chemical Company. Great Lakes would buy 40 percent of Huntsman for $54 million. As Huntsman liked to do, the agreement was sealed with a handshake.Although it was a fairly simple transaction by the time the corporate attorneys finalized the paperwork seven months had passed since the handshake between the CEOs. During this time the price of raw materials had plummeted and Huntsman’s profits had soared.One day Huntsman received a phone call from Emerson Kampen. Kampen informed Huntsman that, according to his bankers, 40 percent of Huntsman’s company was now worth $250 million. Kampen felt, given the circumstances, that the $54 million dollar price they had agreed to seven months prior was no longer fair. Kampen said, “I can’t commit Great Lakes to making up the full estimated value, but how about splitting the difference?” Kampen was offering to pay Huntsman almost $100 million dollars more than they had agreed. Huntsman replied, “We agreed to a price of fifty-four million and that is the price I expect you to pay.”Kampen countered, “But that’s not fair to you.”Huntsman ended the conversation, stating, “You negotiate for your company, Emerson, and I’ll negotiate for mine.” The sale went through at $54 million. Huntsman operated on the principle that his word, and a handshake, were his bond. He was not willing to compromise that principle, even for a $100 million dollars. Huntsman’s integrity was worth more to him than any amount of money.

Story Time: A man of Integrity is always authentic

4. Never succumb to temptations

It can sometimes be tempting to overlook others’ poor behaviors when money is involved. The thing that people often fail to realize is, once your reputation is tarnished it is hard to earn it back.In the end, the one thing people cannot take away from us is our integrity. You can always

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James Doty is a man of many talents, among them neurosurgeon, entrepreneur, and university professor. Early in his career he was heavily involved in developing the technology and bringing to market the Cyberknife. In the process he became wealthy beyond his wildest dreams. Doty is also very generous. With a net worth of $75 million he pledged stock worth $30 million to charity.

Not long after the pledge his investments were hit hard by the dot.com crash of 2000-2001. Doty lost almost everything. The only thing left was the pledged stock. His lawyers advised Doty that he could get out of the pledge. They told him people would understand that his circumstances had changed, and that they wouldn’t expect him to follow through. Doty considered his options. He later said, “One of

the persistent myths in our society is that money will make you happy. Growing up poor, I thought that money would give me everything I did not have: control, power, love. When I finally had all the money I had ever dreamed of, I discovered that it did not make me happy.” Doty decided to follow through with his pledge and give away the last of his fortune. And how did he feel after the gift was given? Doty stated, “At that moment I realized that the only way that money can bring happiness is to give it away.”You can add one more item to Doty’s list of talents: integrity. With the price much higher than he initially thought it would be Doty followed through on his commitment of giving. The irony is that only after the gift was given did James Doty find the happiness he had been searching for.

Story Time: Integrity brings satisfaction, not Money!!

5. Avoid people who lack integrity.

“Do not do business with them,” Anderson writes in a blog post. “Do not associate with them. Do not make excuses for them. It’s important to realize that others pay attention to those you have chosen to associate with, and they will inevitably judge your character by the character of your friends.”

find another way to make more money, but your reputation is developed and earned over time. It is better to have short- term cash loss than long-term respect loss.

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6. Have the courage to say NO!

7. Maintain a dedication to your values.

Have the courage to say no to something you do not believe in. Sometimes people will try to convince you that what they are asking you to do is right. If it does not feel right then it is wrong. Stay true to your core value system and just say NO!

Your values are what guide you through life. They’re often shaped by your formative experiences, but your values may change as you grow and adapt to new stages of life.

In the process of completing an integrity self-assessment and consciously choosing your value system based on what you know to be true for you, now is the time to take conscious steps every day to behave in ways that are consistent with your personal values.

Integrity is telling myself the truth.

And Honesty is telling the truth to other people.

Did you know?

Self Assessment of Integrity

Identify the behavioral traits that need to be addressed and are required to change.

Determine the underlying reasons why you have not behaved with greater personal

integrity.

Observe the obstacles and other people that are used as excuses to lie or violate your

personal values or moral code.

Compile a list of tasks and behaviors in which you dedicate to become more

trustworthy and honest.

Re-evaluate your association. You are the sum total of the 5 people you spend the

most time with. Are your associates people who share your value system? Do they

push you to strive for better every single day? Do they want to improve themselves? If

you answered no to any of these questions, it is important for you to reconsider with

whom you are associating.

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To live with integrity means to commit to live according to certain principles

and thereafter conscientiously live accordingly. Integrity is best inspired by

integration. For example, when a family is well-integrated, that is, when family

members have good relationships with each other, they feel inspired to act for

making their loved ones happy and to avoid things that will hurt their loved

ones. In contrast, if a family is fragmented, then members of that family won’t

hesitate much to do things that may hurt other family members if those things

promise them pleasure.

Food for thought

Lord Krishna instructs Arjuna in His timeless wisdom of Bhagavad Gita about the essence of

the value of integrity, which means to perform one’s duty despite all temptations in life. He

says in 2nd chapter 38th verse –

Do thou fight for the sake of fighting, without considering

happiness or distress, loss or gain, victory, or defeat—

and by so doing you shall never incur sin. Bhagavad Gita

delineates the principle that to be a man of integrity, one

has to remain unaffected from external situations.

In the bible also it is mentioned that - “Better is a poor man

who walks in his integrity than a rich man who is crooked in

his ways.”

Scriptural Wisdom -

sukha-duḥkhe same kṛtvā

lābhālābhau jayājayau

tato yuddhāya yujyasva

naivaṁ pāpam avāpsyasi

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The living entities in this conditioned world are My eternal fragmental parts. Due to

conditioned life, they are struggling very hard with the six senses, which include the mind.

Bg. 15.7

The verse indicates that when we become disintegrated from the Supreme Lord, Krishna,

that is, when we forget, neglect or reject our eternal spiritual connection with him, we

come under the sway of our senses. They drag us towards various alluring objects and

sentence us to struggle and suffering as we cast aside ethics in our pursuit of pleasure and

end up reaping the grievous consequences.

In contrast, when we practice bhakti-yoga and become integrated with Krishna through

a bond of loving devotion, we get, by his grace, higher wisdom and taste. Higher wisdom

empowers us to see through the façade of short-term pleasures, and higher taste enables

us to relish the supreme joy of devotion. We realize that living with moral and spiritual

integrity helps us to relish the highest happiness.

Spiritual integrity is the state of being undivided

together with the quality of self- honesty that means

you are true to your vows even when no one is seeing

you. It demands a

considerable depth of self-awareness and an

uncompromising willingness to be authentic. While

any committed relationship can inspire integrity, a

committed devotional relationship inspires integrity

most powerfully. Devotional relationship rests on the

understanding that we are souls, who are parts of the

Whole, the all- attractive Absolute Truth, Krishna.

mamaiv āṁśo jīva-loke

jīva-bhūtaḥ sanātanaḥ

manaḥ-ṣaṣṭhānīndriyāṇi

prakṛti-sthāni karṣati

Spiritual Integrity

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Mittal: How do the Gita’s insights help a leader in practical concerns such as team-building? Oberoi: In many ways. Let’s consider one – trust. The glue that binds leaders and subordinates as a cohesive and effective team is trust. And trust can be earned only by consistent integrity. Integrity has many aspects, but essentially it refers to a congruence between words and actions – we do what we speak and we speak what we do. Leaders may be able to initially attract people by their flair and flamboyance, but that appeal will fade soon if not sustained by core integrity. Mittal: Ok, but how does spirituality come into the picture?

Oberoi: What makes people sacrifice integrity is expediency, the ever-present temptation to sacrifice principles for quick gains. And this temptation becomes even greater for leaders, who often seem to have the influence to pull off deceptions, minor or major, without being held accountable. But spiritual wisdom helps us understand that, no matter who we are, we

How theory of Karma leads to Integrity

Environmental Integrity

Environmental integrity involves being responsible for Society and Environment at best and it is very important becauseif one does not possess social and environmental integrity, many people and countries will suffer.

Ecological Integrity refers to the ability of an ecosystem to support and maintain ecological processes and a diverse community of organisms. Ecological Integrity is measured as thedegree to which a diverse community of native organisms is maintained, and is used as a proxy for ecological resilience, intended as the capacity of an ecosystem to adapt in the face of stressors, while maintaining the functions of interest.

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The Bhopal Gas Bhopal gas tragedy was a gas leak incident on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. It is considered among the world’s worst industrial disasters, and mainly resulted due to lack of

integrity since more tonnes of gas was loaded into the tank, than what was promised.

Lack of integrity by individuals or organizations can impact the environment and the whole society to a great extent. Recently in 2019, a case was filed against the motor car giant, Volkswagen, for putting cheat devices in the motor cars. These cheat devices were used to save the expenses of putting pollution controlling devices in the motor cars. Instead they

As per the rules, each of the tanks could not be filled with more than 30 tonnes of liquid MIC. But this tank had 42 tonnes. This failure forced UCIL to halt methylisocyanate production in Bhopal and the plant was partly shut for maintenance. An attempt was made to make the defective tank functional again on December 1, however the attempt failed. By then, most of the plant’s methyl isocyanate related safety systems were malfunc-tioning. According to reports, by December 2 eve, water had entered the malfunctioning tank, which resulted in runaway chemical reaction. The pressure in the tank increased five times by night. By midnight, the workers in the MIC area started feeling the effects of MIC gas. The decision to address the leak was to be made a couple of minutes later.However, by then the chemical reaction in the tank had reached a critical state. About 30 tonnes of MIC escaped from the tank into the atmosphere within an hour.Over 500,000 people were exposed to methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas. The highly toxic sub-stance made its way into and around the small towns located near the plant. In 2008, the Government of Madhya Pradesh had paid compensation to the family members of 3,787 victims killed in the gas release, and to 574,366 injured victims.

Case Study 1- The Bhopal Gas tragedy.

Case Study 2- “Volkswagen Emission Scandal” or the “diesel dupe”

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In November 2012, a garment factory caught fire killing nearly 112 persons. The factory – Tazreen Fashion Ltd. Produced garments for multiple high-fashion brands from US and Europe origin, however had not implemented even rudimentary safety measures to secure escape routes, and this resulted in the ensuing tragedy. Many brands including Wal-Mart terminated

had put the cheat devices which were capable of just passing the governmental emission tests without actually controlling the pollution. They manufactured many vehicles with these cheat devices in order to reduce their cost of manufacturing without caring its impact on the environment and health of millions of people. India’s National Green Tribunal (NGT) had fined Rs 500 crore on German auto major in March 2019 for damaging the environment through the use of “cheat devices”. Therefore, we can understand how important it is to stand on the value

of integrity.

Uttarakhand has a forest area covering 38,000 sq km, which forms over 70 per cent of the total geographical area of the state. It houses unique, rich flora and fauna—112 species of trees, 73 species of shrubs, and 94 species of herbs. For the past few decades, however, the forest cover across the state has been cut- down to a great extent, and the top commercial activities to blame are mining, hydropower plants, road construction, distribution lines, water pipelines and irrigation. Around 21,207 hectares of forest land was lost due to all

these activities.

Loss of forest cover has many short- and long-term impacts. Apart from the obvious impact on the loss of flora and fauna, carbon emissions, and climate change, deforestation also leads to an immediate loss of ecological functions, which might cause further disruptions by facilitating floods and other natural calamities. It can also lead to soil erosion and irregular water cycle, which could not only affect weather patterns, but also immensely impact the local communities. In the long term, such a loss can amount to complete collapse of the ecosystem, and thereby cause great destruction both in terms of human and material life. Floods in Uttarakhand are attributed due to the continuous deforestation and loss of trees,

impacting loss of life. Integrity towards environment is a growing concern.

Case Study 3- Uttarakhand floods due to deforestation

Case Study 4- Bangladesh factory fire kills 112

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the Tazreen factory’s contract and was no longer authorized to produce merchandise for them. The global brands stated that a supplier subcontracted work to this factory without authorization and in direct violation of their policies.

India’s rivers are undergoing a drastic change. Due to the pressures of population and economic development, our perennial rivers are becoming seasonal. Many of the smaller rivers have already vanished. Flood as well as drought are becoming increasingly frequent, as rivers turn unruly during the monsoon, and vanish once the rainy season is over. Farmers are facing challenges due to low dependency on rivers and difficulties in irrigation of fields. Rivers are not only depleting but are majorly polluted too, causing damage to the water ecosystem and several diseases. Maintaining a substantial number of trees for at least 1 km width along the riversides has vast environmental, social and economic benefits for the nation and society.

Continuous increase in human population and economic activities have heavily impacted the environment. Our environment is degrading and the impact is visible through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems; habitat destruction; the extinction of wildlife; and pollution. It is now our responsibility to take requisite action and work towards environment conservation and live responsibly for sustenance of generations to come. Our small actions can make a positive impact and we must initiate these today by learning and implementing them.

Plastic pollution is a man-made problem and we all must do our part to solve it. This planet is our home and it is our responsibility to keep it safe and clean.

Case Study 5- Saving the rivers

So have you got an idea how much Social and Environmental Integrity is important?Let’s now understand what we can do to maintain social and environmental integrity.

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Let’s Answer

Why did Lal Bahadur Shashtri not keep the expensive saree even when the shopkeeper

offered them for free?

Why should people care about whether or not they have integrity, and what do you

think this world would be like if no one had integrity? Explain.

a. He was not greedy

b. He wanted to keep it but felt insulted

c. He did not want to give expensive saree to his wife

d. He is person of high integrity

1.

3.

What does having integrity mean?

a. Telling the truth

b. Doing what you say you will do

c. Doing what you know is right even when you know no one is watching

d. Not cheating

e. All of the above

2.

Talking behind your friend’s back is an example of integrity.

a. True

b. False

4.

Which of the following is NOT an example of integrity?

a. Keeping promises.

b. Going back to a store and paying for something you forgot to pay for.

c. Gossiping

d. Giving back a bracelet someone dropped.

5.

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Integrity is :

How integrity improves law-making?

a. A Physical feature

a. Everyone can take law in their hands anytime

b. A Personal Feature

b. Everyone in the community can enjoy their rights and freedoms

c. A Forced feature

c. No criminal will be there

d. None of these

d. None of these

6.

7.

It makes us a person of integrity when

Ecological integrity means

From the Bhopal gas tragedy, what can be learnt

a. We are adamant of our behaviour

a. Increase the diversity of organisms

a. Gas plants should have strict rules and regulations

b. We admit our faults and are ready to seek forgiveness

b. Maintain and support diversity of organisms

b. Employment of competent workers is necessary

c. We fail to keep our words

c. To give rights and freedom to organisms

c. Safety, health and welfare of public were neglected which is against ethics

d. We become lured by some temptations

d. To identify the ranges of variation

d. Use of chemicals should be banned

8.

9.

10.

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“The Volkswagen scandal has led to a devastating series of critical consequences to its

direct and indirect stakeholders.” Why?

Social and environmental integrity is important as it

11.

12.

a. Drop in Volkswagen sale

a. Saves the environment from degrading

b. Creating hassle for Volkswagen dealers

b. Leads to finer steps of creating a positive impact on environment

c. Threatening people’s health

c. Stops the extinction of wildlife

d. Playing with the ethics and value of integrity

e. All of the above

d. All of the above

Satisfaction is very important virtue for practicing integrity. If one is not satisfied with what one has received in his life by the grace of the Lord one will take wrong steps to fulfil his desires. Therefore It’s very important to tolerate the urges of the senses. Please mention Column B which kind of urge is cited in column A (5.23)

13.

Column A

Watching obscene movies

Started shouting at father when he asked his son to stop playing and start studying.

Drinking a cold drink despite of doctor restricted due to cough.

Eating more than required

Column B

Start whispering with class mate in middle of ongoing lecture in college.

Playing video games, cricket, etc with friends for long hours despite of having an exam tomorrow.

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Why is it necessary to develop tolerance? (13.8-12)14.

a. People by nature are envious of other, therefore one need to learn

b. This material nature is so constituted that there will be impediments at every step.

c. As the age progresses, one might have to face many more pandemics like

Covid-19.d. It is always good to develop good qualities.

Why should one not be disturbed and tolerate happiness and distress? Check all that

applies : (2.14-15)

15.

a. They arise from sense perception

b. to perform the prescribed rules and regulations of religious principles in any

condition raises one to the platform of knowledge

c. By knowledge and devotion only one can liberate oneself from the clutches

of illusion

Bhagavad Gita talks about the three doors to hell. And certainly if one opens any of

these doors he will not be able to practice integrity in his life. What are these three

gates?(BG 16.21)

16.

a. Lust, Anger, Desire

b. Lust, Arrogance, Greed

c. Lust, Anger, Greed

d. All of the above

To see garbage the wealth of another person.1.

2.

3.

To see any other woman as mother other than one’s own wife.

To treat others as you would like to be treated by others.

Chankya Pandit speaks about three qualities of gentleman, which are listed below.

Now you have to identify which enemy(lust, anger, greed) we can conquer by practic-

ing which principle?

17.

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Controlled mind voluntarily follows(BG 6.7)

Controlled mind is one of the most important asset to follow the path of integrity. An un-controlled mind falls to so many temptations, always dissatisfied, unfocussed. This leads to compromising principles for pleasure, failure in keeping one’s promises and delivering things on time etc. Let’s learn from Bhagavad Gita important lessons on mind:

Why mind plays a vital role in our life?(3.40)

For what purpose the mind should be trained for? (6.5)

18.

19.

20.

a. Superiors

a. It is the thought processing unit of the body

a. Achieving success in life, and helping in the advancement of civilization

b. Supreme personality of godhead

b. It is the memory of our entire system

b. Developing strong mental abilities to tackle the problems of life

c. Life and its mission

c. It is the centre of all the activities of the senses

c. Mind does not require training, life is itself its best teacher

d. All of these

d. All of these

d. the mind should be trained so that it will not be attracted by the glitter of

material nature

How can one strengthen one’s mind? (3.42)21.

a. By using the intelligence

b. By using the soul

c. By using the senses

d. By help of psychiatrists

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Why Arjuna says that the mind is most difficult to control? (6.34)

Mention the order of superiority for the following : (3.42)

Mind, senses, dull matter, soul, intelligence

22.

23.

a. Mind is very complex and it is difficult to understand how it works

b. For the mind is restless, turbulent, obstinate and very strong

c. As sky is limitless, capacity of mind is limitless

d. None of the above

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Honesty

“Honesty is the first chapter in the book of wisdom.”

“No legacy is so rich as honesty”

- Bible Proverb 10.9

- Radhanath Swami

What is Honesty?

In its most obvious sense, honesty can be understood as the simple respect for the truth about the world, facts, and persons. Honesty shows in words and deeds. One who is honest says only what is the truth and does only what is right. As words and actions proceed from thought, it is important to be honest in one’s thought. Then one will only speak what is the reality, and engage in the right action.

Being honest helps you achieve:

Fearlessness-By being honest one can be fearless, for only one who does wrong is fearful. An honest person has nothing to hide and hence, can face all situations boldly.

Peace of mind-The path of dishonesty is difficult to tread because of the complexity involved in thought, word, and deed. Honesty, however, makes life easy. One who is honesthas a peace of mind that makes life comfortable for oneself and others.The opposite of honesty is deception (or lying). Lying is equally bad whether you are deceiving others or yourself. When you lie, you delude yourself into believing what you’re saying. You start digging a hypothetical ditch, even if with an infant-sized spoon, that will keep getting bigger over time. You confuse yourself, confuse others, lose credibility, and put yourself in harm. Sometimes it is easy to say a lie and get away from some difficulty, but it is by being truthful that one can have lasting peace of mind. Telling lies and being dishonest results in a disturbed state of mind. One must have the courage and boldness to say the truth and be honest in every activity done. This makes life simple and easy.

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Can you think of few incidents where you had difficulty in being honest, and because you stick to the principles of being truthful and honest, people respected you?

Brainstorm

Story Time

Long ago, there lived a woodcutter in a small village. He was

sincere in his work and very honest. Every day, he set out into the

nearby forest to cut trees. He brought the woods back into the

village and sold them out to a merchant to earn his money. He

earned just about enough to make a living, but he was satisfied

with his simple living.

One day, while cutting a tree near a river, his axe slipped out of his

hand and fell into the river. The river was so deep, he could not

even think to retrieve it on his own. He only had one axe which

went into the river. He became very worried thinking how he will be able to earn his living

now! He was very sad and prayed to the Goddess. He prayed sincerely so the Goddess

appeared in front of him and asked, “What is the problem, my son?” The woodcutter

explained the problem and requested the Goddess to get his axe back.

The Goddess put her hand deep into the river and took out a silver axe and asked, “Is this

your axe?” The Woodcutter looked at the axe and said “No”. So the Goddess put her hand

back deep into the water again and showed a golden axe and asked, “Is this your axe?” The

woodcutter looked at the axe and said “No”. The Goddess said, “Take a look again Son, this

is a very valuable golden axe, are you sure this is not yours?” The woodcutter said, “No, It’s

not mine. I can’t cut the trees with a golden axe. It’s not useful for me”.

The Goddess smiled and finally put her hand into the water again and took out his iron axe

and asked, “Is this your axe?” To this, the woodcutter said, “Yes! This is mine! Thank you!”

The Goddess was very impressed with his honesty so she gave him his iron axe and also two

other axes as a reward for his honesty.

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Let’s think & learn

Impact of dishonesty on Society

This is a simple story but with a profound message. Almost all of us in our lives have

encountered situations like the woodcutter. There would have been testing times and

temptations to get quick benefits at the cost of principles and being dishonest. However, if

we hold on to our policy of honesty like in the story, not only we retain our peace of mind

but in the long run remain victorious.

The financial crisis of 2007 to 2009 was marked by widespread fraud in the mortgage

servicers. The banks reached a settlement with regulators over their mishandling of

servicing activities, including “robo-signing”, or using defective or fraudulent documents, to

pursue home foreclosures. The employees at banks had falsified documents to cover up the

lack of the flaws. It was among the five worst financial crises the world had experienced and

led to a loss of more than $2 trillion from the global economy.

From this case study one can easily acknowledge how a small dishonesty can cause such a

great impact to the world

Dishonesty needs to be maintained. Pretending to be something you are not

requires constant attention to detail, even for the most experienced. Honest

people are better able to relax because they are just being themselves and

naturally, feel better about themselves and less overwhelmed.

Food for thought: Honest people are more relaxed

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Benefit of Honesty

Honesty is a reflection of your own thoughts and feelings. If

you want people to know who you really are, be honest in

your self-expression.

Courage is doing what you know you want or need to do, despite your fear. It takes an

immense amount of courage to say what you feel.

Being honest with yourself and with others shows how much you really care. It also

demonstrates self-respect and respect for others.

When others respond with honesty, it can create more interpersonal closeness and

authenticity. This often translates into love and can create an ongoing evolution of

loving relationships.

A mature person conveys honest expression in a style that minimizes painful impact.

Honesty can bring people closer by creating a safe connection. It forms a context for

the relationship within which both parties feel secure enough to be genuine in their

interactions.

Being authentic and saying what you feel and think feels great! By doing so, you break

free of the limitations of fear.

Hiding true feelings or withholding information creates emotional garbage. Being

honest cleans out emotional gunny sack.

Honesty promotes authenticity.

Honesty fosters courage.

Honesty shows you care.

Honesty creates a circle of love.

Honesty shows maturity and self-acceptance.

Honesty fosters a connection.

Honesty feels exhilarating because it is so freeing.

Honesty eliminates garbage.

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Story of Satyakama

If honesty becomes an unconscious habit, you will become very attractive to other

honest people. A life filled with authentic people is vastly enriched.

Honesty attracts honesty.

This incident is from Chandogya Upanishad, one of

the primary Upanishad associated with Sama Veda.

Satyakama was born to a prostitute named Jabala,

and was raised outside the city limits. From a

very young age he was very interested in spiritual

knowledge and wanted to study under a teacher/

Guru. But given that he was a son of a prostitute, no

local teacher was taking him as a student.

One day, while seated at the river bank, he saw Rishi

Gautam arriving in the city, so he hurriedly went and

put his head on Gautama Rishi’s feet and requested him to take him as a student.

Gautam Rishi told him to come back with the information about Gotra (family lineage).

Given that Satyakama didn’t know his gotra, he went back home to ask his mother about it.

While Jabala could have lied to hide her uncomfortable past, or told him to forget about his

pursuit of knowledge, instead she told him the truth, and also asked him to tell the truth to

Rishi Gautam too, even though it meant he might be rejected. His mother Jabala, tells him

that she went about many places in her youth, and did not know who his father was.

As suggested by his mother, Satyakama told Rishi Gautam that he is a son of a prostitute

Jabala, and beyond that he does not know anything and he has no knowledge of his Gotra.

Seeing that Satyakama decided to speak the truth, even if it would cost him being rejected,

impressed Rishi Gautama who accepted him as a student.

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Çamo damas tapaù çaucaà

kñäntir ärjavam eva ca

jïänaà vijïänam ästikyaà

brahma-karma svabhäva-jam

Take the responsibility and stop blaming

“Peacefulness, self-control, austerity, purity, tolerance, honesty, knowledge, wisdom and

religiousness—these are the natural qualities by which the brähmaëas work.” (BG 18.42 )

To be honest means to be responsible and stop blaming the

outer environment for the inner trouble. Many times, we are

not true to ourselves which is also dishonest behaviour. What

agitates us may be triggered by someone external, but that

won’t trouble us much if there were no weaknesses inside us,

just as merely pressing the trigger of a gun will not harm if the

gun isn’t loaded with bullets. The Bhagavad-Gita states that

those who are intellectually and spiritually evolved — the brahmanas — learn to restrain

both their mind and their senses (18.42). To restrain the mind and to be peaceful means

that they don’t dwell on agitating stimuli; even if such stimuli come within their perception,

they don’t give undue attention to them, thereby preventing unnecessary agitation.

When can one speak a white lie?

Srimad Bhagavatam 8.19.43

“In flattering a woman to bring her under control, in joking, in a marriage ceremony, in earning one’s livelihood, when one’s life is in danger, in protecting cows and brahminical culture, or in protecting a person from an enemy’s hand, falsity is never condemned.”

strisu narma-vivahe ca

vrtty-arthe prana-sankate

go-brahmanarthe himsayam

nanrtam syajjugupsitam

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Once a poor butcher purchased a cow to sell her meat for money to maintain his family.But while taking her to slaughter, she got loose and the butcher chased her till she was out of sight. One could not recognize this man as a butcher because he was wearing ordinary clothes.Tired from chasing the cow, the butcher took rest at a junction where he saw a Brahmana named Sadan

and asked him if he saw a runaway cow and if so what direction she went. Without considering the person’s motive, the truthful Brahmana pointed in the direction the cow went.Following the Brahmana’s guidance, the butcher found the cow, butchered her andsold her meat.Hence the Brahmana was implicated with sin because he did not consider whom he helped and for what purpose. Thus, after his death the Brahmana reached hell, received punishment, took his next birth as a butcher and was given the same name, Sadan.He had indicated the direction the runaway cow went using his hand; thus in this life as a butcher his hands got cut off while performing his business.

Example from Chandogaya Upanishad -

How to speak an unpalatable truth?

anudvega-karam vakyam

satyam priya-hitam ca yat

svadhyayabhyasanam caiva

van-mayam tapa ucyate

“Austerity of speech consists in speaking words that are truthful, pleasing, beneficial, and not agitating to others, and also in regularly reciting Vedic literature.” (BG 17.15)

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Truth is unpalatable — we may quote this saying while speaking to others some truth that is likely to hurt them.Yes, we all are finite and fallible beings. That means others may commit some mistakes for which we may need to correct them, and they may not like to be corrected. Conversely, we may commit some mistakes for which others may need to correct us, and we too may not like to be corrected. Given that we all will have to engage in such unpleasant communication, how can we minimizethe unpleasantness in such communication?Let’s look back at times when others spoke some unpalatable truths to us. We will soon notice that the tone in which they spoke significantly shaped our receptivity to them. If they used cutting words and condemnatory gestures, then their overall tone inflicted upon us emotional wounds which cut deep and lasted long. Those wounds impeded our ability to even contemplate their essentialpoint, leave alone apply it. In contrast, if they used sensitive words and conciliatory gestures, then the resulting emotional wounds didn’t cut so deep or last so long. And we could reach their point faster and apply it better.If our receptivity to others’ words is affected by their tone, won’t their receptivity to our words also be affected by our tone? Certainly; we all share a human vulnerability to emotional wounds.No wonder the Bhagavad-gita (17.15) urges us to speak the truth in a way that is, at the very least, non-agitating and, at a more optimal level, pleasing. This means that we can’t presume we have done our duty simply by speaking the truth; it’s also our duty to consider the emotional impact of our words and to moderate our speech accordingly. One-sentence summary:

Even if a truth is unpalatable, it doesn’t have to be spoken unpalatable.

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A company that is honest and genuinely committed to sustainability can earn therespect and loyalty of consumers. Whereas those who are dishonest lose their reputation and are accused of penalties. Green marketing is when companies sell products or services based on legitimate environmental positives. Green marketing is generally practical, honest and transparent, and it means that a product or service meets these criteria:

However, it’s easy for green marketing to translate to greenwashing in practice, when an organization doesn’t live up to the standards of sustainable business practices. The practice of greenwashing is exactly that, where a business will claim they are environmentally sustainable but in reality, they either meet the absolute minimum standards or worse, they pollute in other aspects of their supply chain, thereby negating their green gains.Some famous examples of greenwashing include Starbucks’ attempt in 2018 to make a strawless cup and lid, which actually contained more plastic than their original cups. Companies like Unilever or even Nike, which plainly make strides to reduce their environmental impact throughout production, are still guilty of perpetuating the disposable culture we’ve become accustomed to. These

Environmental Honesty

Manufactured in a sustainable fashion

Free of toxic materials or ozone-depleting substances

Able to be recycled and/or is produced from recycled materials

Does not use excessive packaging

Designed to be repairable rather than disposable

Made from renewable materials (such as bamboo)

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So yes, Unilever can produce packaging that is recyclable, or Nike can produce their shoes and clothing from sustainably sourced cotton, but they will still end up in a landfill at the end of their relatively short life.

Creating an honest eco strategy

With this in mind, what can companies do to showcase an honest and sustainable eco strategy?Aiming to be zero waste is an accessible goal for all companies and one that can be used to minimize expenditure as well as boost green cred. Likewise, companies that manufacture products can aim to reduce their wastewater, their use of chemicals in production or their offcuts of materials. But the true test of an eco strategy is in the fact that it is built not for your marketing or PR reputation, but as a way to truly minimize the impact of a business on the planet. Using packaging that is biodegradable and uses the minimum of resources in its manufacturing is something that any business would be proud to claim. Additionally, using products that are entirely organically sourced, made from plant-based materials or that will stand the test of time and genuinely last a lifetime (or more) are all ways to win the trust of your customers and be a genuinely eco-friendly business.Although those big businesses might be too entrenched in the wasteful ways of the past, they can still win the trust of consumers in other ways, even if their production isn’t meeting the green standards we expect in the modern age. Reforestation, reducing the use of polluting chemicals, the support of habitat protection for places like coral reefs and rainforest, funding of eco-friendly ventures such as solar powering communities or even helping to pioneer technology to make production less impacting on our world.With the billions that companies like Apple, Amazon and Nike make, they can easily divert their huge resources to making our world a genuinely better place and making their green credentials genuinely count for something.

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Walmart has agreed to pay $1 million to settle greenwashing claims that allege the nation’s largest retailer sold plastic products that were misleadingly labeled “biodegradable” or “compostable” in violation of California law.The state law bans the sale of plastics labeled “biodegradable” (or labeled with similar language). California environmental officials have determined such claims are inherently

misleading without disclaimers about how quickly the product will biodegrade in a landfill or in other environments where it may be disposed. The sale of plastic products labeled “compostable” is also prohibited — unless the product meets certain scientific standards that ensure the plastic will break down in municipal compost.O’Malley and 22 other California district attorney’s offices brought the case against Walmart.Under the settlement Walmart agreed to pay $875,000 in civil penalties and an additional payment of $50,000 to CalRecycle to fund testing of plastic products marketed to consumers as compostable or degradable.California’s action against Walmart follows the Federal Trade Commission’s ongoing crackdown on false and misleading environmental claims, including five enforcement actions that specifically address biodegradable plastic claims.

Wallmart greenwashing case

Honesty is followed by _______________

a. Wealth and pride

b. Peace of mind and fearlessness

c. Judgement mentality

d. Comfortable life

1.

Let’s Answer

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What is the hidden lesson in the story of woodcutter and axe?

Robo-signing refers to

a. The robot that sign the work

a. One should never miss the opportunity for materialistic gains

b. Defending the computer from malicious attacks

b. One should be honest in his dealings

c. Asking the person to mark attendance on your behalf

c. Be good to good, and bad to the bad

d. scandals involving the mortgage foreclosure crisis

d. First option is the best option

2.

3.

Honesty fosters the following

1. Connection2. Non acceptance3. Love 4. Obnoxious feeling

a. 1, 2, 4, 5

b. 2, 3, 6, 8

c. 1, 3, 5, 8

d. 2, 4, 6, 8

4.

In the story of Satyakama and Jabala, Rishi Gautam accepted Satyakama as his disciple besides telling about his true identity. What is the possible reason for this?

a. Rishi Gautam wanted to have a new student

b. Satyakama was so adamant for knowledge

c. Satyakama was truthful and honest and did not hide his identity

d. Rishi Gautam knew his gotra

5.

5. Care6. Fear7. Lusty nature8. Harmony

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“The trigger of a gun will not harm if the gun isn’t loaded with bullets.” What is the deep meaning to this statement

In the story of Brahman and Butcher, the Brahmin was ignorant about the butcher’s intention but still he suffered the reaction for his sin. What is the implication

Unpalatable truth should be spoken in a

a. No external stimuli can harm us unless we allow it to

a. Brahmin had previous bad karmas for which he got punishment

a. Straight-forward way to prevent mis-interpretation

b. The gun should be loaded to cause the harm

b. Brahmin unknowingly became part of sin and law of karma is fair and spares

no one

b. Non-agitating and pleasing way to communicate the message

c. Amount of harm depends on the person who is holding the gun

c. Amount of punishment depends on the status of person in society

c. Diplomatic way to avoid any damage in the relationship

d. One should not be carried away by feelings

d. Brahmins are corrupt

d. Refined speech to create wounds that are deep

6.

7.

8.

Green marketing refers to using __________ products, whereas greenwashing refers to ________ the environment

a. Vegetation, cleaning

b. Eco-friendly, polluting

c. Excessive, saving

d. Repaired, recycling

9.

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Ways to create an honest eco-strategy are

1. Zero waste2. Use of chemicals3. Use of non-organic products

4. Biodegradable packaging

10.

5. Plant-based manufacturing6. Deforestation

a. 2, 3, 6

b. 1, 4, 5

c. 1, 2, 3

d. 4, 5, 6

As there is a saying - “Truth is bitter”. Even though it is bitter, it should be presented in

such a manner that it should not __________________. (BG 17.15)

According to BG 17.15, please mention a few other qualities of speech which can help

one to gain trust of others.

One can become trustworthy by first being truthful even though it might be austere

sometimes. Speaking truth is an austerity of _________.- (BG 17.15)

12.

13.

11.

a. Lead to legal actions

a. Mind

b. Agitate the mind of others

b. body

c. Make others laugh at you

d. Create your bad image

c.speech

d. all of the above

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What is truthfulness according to BG 10.4?

Your best friend Manoj shifted in your society recently. You are very happy about it. From one

of your acquaintances, who had been a neighbor of your friend earlier, you got to know that

Manoj is a thief and he had been involved in many small robberies in the previous society he

was staying in. Now what should be your course of action according to BG 10.4.

14.

15.

a. Facts should not be misinterpreted.

b. One should state the correct facts only when they are palatable

c. Facts should be presented as they are for the benefit of everyone

d. All of the above

Demons like Kamsa change their behaviour when a provoking situation comes. Which

other qualities are more prominent in the character of a person with a demoniac

mentality? BG (16.7 )

What makes a person distort from truth? (BG 16.1-3)

16.

17.

a. Uncleanliness

a.Casual behaviour

b. Deceitful

b. Personal interests

c. No Discrmination for right things

c. Lack of seriousness

d. All of these

d. All of the above

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Answers

1. a,b,d 2. b3. c4. b5. a 6. c 7. d8. Johad and checked dams9. a10. d11. b12. a13. d14. Jesus Christ, Prahlada Maharaj,

Thakur Haridas15. b,c,e16. a17. d18. c19. a20. a21. a22. a23. c

Altruism Trustworthiness

1. b2. a3. a4. a,d5. c6. a,c,b7. a,b,e8. b9. a10. c11. c,e12. Cheating, expert in insulting others,

procrastinating13. c14. c15. a16. imperfect senses, the propensity

for cheating, tendency of committing mistakes, and tendency of being illusioned

17. b

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1. Inequality, Equity, Equality, Justice2. Intergenerational equity, Social

equity, environmental equity3. b4. b5. c6. d7. a8. c9. a10. a11. c 12. c13. Brahmana- mode of goodness

Kshatriya- mode of passion Vaishya- mode of passion and ignorance

14. Shudra- mode of ignorance15. d16. b

Equity Justice

1. b2. c3. b4. c5. a6. d7. a,c,d,f8. b9. d10. c11. b12. a,b,c,d13. b14. Fearlessness; compassion for

all living entities; freedom from covetousness; fortitude;

15. c16. Lust, anger, greed17. c

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1. d2. e3. When we live our lives with

integrity, it means that we let our actions speak for who we are and what we believe in. Integrity is a choice we make. However a A life without integrity will be a fear-based life.

4. b5. c6. b7. b8. b9. b10. c11. e12. d13. forces of the genitals, forces

of the tongue, forces of anger, forces of talk, forces of Stomach, forces of mind

14. b15. a,b,c16. c17. Greed, lust, anger18. b19. c20. d21. a22. b23. Dull matter -> senses -> mind ->

intelligence -> soul

Integrity Honesty

1. b2. b3. d4. c5. c6. a7. b8. b9. b10. b11. c12. b13. Truthful, pleasing, beneficial, not

agitating to others14. a15. If a man is a thief and if people

are warned that he is a thief, that is truth. Although sometimes the truth is unpalatable, one should not refrain from speaking it. Truthfulness demands that the facts be presented as they are for the benefit of others. That is the definition of truth.

16. d17. b

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Integrity

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Honesty

References

1. Seeforexample,theRioDeclaration,principle16.2. World Commission on Environment and Development 1990, Our Common Future,Australian edn, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, p.85. 3. See for example, Ecologically Sustainable Development Working Groups 1991a, Final ReportÑExecutive Summaries, AGPS, Canberra, p. vi.4. TheRoleofSocialandIntergenerationalEquityinMakingChangesinHumanWell- Being Sustainable J. K. Summers and L. M. Smith

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Value Education Olympiad 2021 focuses on climate change. Being environmentally conscious is the need of the hour, as climate change will be the decisive challenge for this generation. Statistically speaking, the last 7 (seven) years have been the warmest global average temperature and this trend is predicted to continue. The air temperature in India has increased by about 0.7 (°C) especially between 1901 and 2018. If the situation remains like this, then our climate and eco system will never be able to recover. The next generation will reap what we sow, so it is important that we make the right decisions at this time. This program (Value Education Olympiad 2021) is meant to inculcate values among the students, which will help them to understand climate change, as well as

guide them to cure the climate.

According to a United Nations study, 6 values play an important role in making a person sensitive to the environment and we have included these values in our VEO program.

1. Altruism

2. Trustworthiness

3. Equity

4. Justice

5. Integrity

6. Honesty