ENHANCED DESIGN OF AN ONLINE BOOKING PROCESSING

SYSTEM FO AIR TANZANIA

BY

LORD FERDINAND

BIT/12275/61LDF

A RESEARCH PROJECT FOR THE PARTIAL FULLFILMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF A DEGREE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

KAMPALA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

May 2009

DECLARATION

I LORD FERDINAND hereby declare to the best of my knowledge, that this work is my

original work and has never been submitted to any University or any other institution for

any award.

~t5Signed Date

Lord Ferdinand

APPROVAL

This work has been prepared and moderated through profound commitment of the

supervisor and the student and has been submitted for examination with my approvals as

the supervisor.

Signed..~*J1O~≥_ Date..icJOd1i~1

Ms K. FRIDAJI

(Supervisor)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly I thank God almighty for everything he has done for me and always will. My

gratitude is deeply felt. To my loving family for their encouragement and faith in me

through the years if it was not for them could never have succeeded through my studies.

Am indebted to my supervisor and lecture, Mis. Katushemererwe Fridah who guided my

project in its infancy and immediately offered her interest and guidance?

Special thanks go to the academic staff of School of Computer Studies, .at Kampala

International University for providing me enough knowledge throughout the course of

my study.

Thanks for the staff and other workers from air Tanzania for helping to get all the

necessary information and important data that enable me to compile this work without

facing a lot of confusions.

My best friends that every time they gave me a shoulder and reminded me to stay focused

and through the discussion and good friendship through the years.

My sisters Queen Ferdinand and Sweet Ferdinand, I appreciate a lot from them God be

with them.

111

DEDICATION

To my dad and mum for being the best parents in my life

iv

ABSTRACT

This project direct give the people or passengers to make their booking online which

make them to save time, also management of data it is also intended to provide the

relevant security measures so that all the unauthorized and unauthenticated users are

denied access to the precious data and information concerning the passengers and making

it safe.

The aim of this study is to establish web based databases in developing countries airways

DBMS are extremely beneficial to airways management. To enable access to vast amount

of data, control redundancies, control concurrent anomalies, provide good security, rapid

gathering of that information and online professional training. A web based database can

do all of the above and more yet, facilitate the development of interactive features such as

guest books, forms, images, a good interface and processes such as online booking.

Air Tanzania designed to show the establishment of web based database in developing

countries airways and the role it plays in Tanzania. Samples of respondent were drawn

from Air Tanzania in addition to information expected to be generated from discussion,

observation, and interviews with airways staff and passengers.

A lot of staff and passengers they have accepted the use of the database system because

it helps to keep staff and passengers records.

V

TABLE OF CONTENT

DECLARATION I

APROVAL II

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii

DEDICATION IV

ABSTRACT v

CHAPTER ONE 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

Li BACKGROUND TO THE CASE STUDY 1

1.2 PROBLEM OF STATEMENT 2

1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 2

1.4 OBJECTWE OF THE STUDY 3

1.4.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVE 3

1.4.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE 3

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 3

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 4

1.6.1 GEOGRAPHICAL SCOPE 4

1.6.2 CONTENT SCOPE 5

1,7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 5

1.8 CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK 6

CHAPTER TWO 7

2.0 INTRODUCTION 7

2.1 SOFTWARE PRODUCTION PROCESS 7

2.2 SOFTWARE PRODUCTION LAYERS 8

2.3 SOFTWARE DESIGN 8

2.4 FACTS FINDING TECHNIQUES 9

vi

2.5 DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY 9

2.6 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS 9

2.7 DATABASE SYSTEM 10

2.8 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 10

2.9 ADVANTAGE OF DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 10

2.10 INFORMATION SYSTEM ii

2.10.1 ADVANTAGE OF INFORMATION SYSTEM 11

2.11 USER INTERFACE 13

2.12 CURRENT SYSTEM 13

2.13 CONCLUSION 14

CHAPTER THREE 14

METHODOLOGY 14

3.0 INTRODUCTION 14

3.1 TARGET POPULATION 14

3.2 SAMPLE SELECTION 15

3.3 DATA COLLECTION 15

3.3.1 INTERVIEW is3.3.2 QUESTIONNAIRE 16

3.3.3 OBSERVATION 16

3.3.4 DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY AND TOOLS 17

3.3.5 PROBLEM ANTICIPATED IN THE STUDY 17

3.3.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 18

CHAPTER FOUR 19SYSTEM ANALYSIS, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 194.0 OVERVIEW 194.1 PROJECT SIZE AND STRUCTURE 194.2 EXPERIENCE WITH DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY 204.2.1 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY 204.2.2 COST OF BUILDING THE SYSTEM 214.3 ANALYSIS 214.3.1 TARGET USERS 214.4 SYSTEM EQUIPMENT 21

vii

4.4.1 INFORMATION FLOW AND SYSTEM DESIGN .234.4.2 CURRENT SYSTEM 234.4.3 PROPOSED SYSTEM 244.4.4 PHYSICAL DESIGN 264.5 USER INTERFACE 274.6 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION 334.6.1 CODING 334.6.2 TESTING 334.6.3 UNIT TESTING 343.6.4 INTERGRATION TETSTING 34

CHAPTER FIVE 38RECCOMMENDATION, DISCUSSION, AND CONCLUSION 385.0 RECOMMENDATION 385.1 DISCUSSION 385.2 CONCLUSSION 38BIBLIOGRAPHY 39APPENDEX A 40APPENDEX B 42APPENDEX CREFERENCE 50

viii

CHAPTER ONE.

INTRODUCTION

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter is discussed the background to the study, background to the case study,

statement of the problem, purpose of the study, objective of the study the general

objective and the specific objectives research questions, scope of the study the

geographical scope and the content scope the significance of the study and the conceptual

frame work.

1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE CASE STUDY

Most of Airways institutions was facing the problem of loss and inconsistency of

passenger and staff information because of the use of manual and poor computerized

systems such as file based systems and manual calculations.

Air Tanzania was one among the institutions which was facing the same problem. The

organization was established in 1992 and started its operation in 1993. Air Tanzania is

located at Dar-es-salaam in the republic of Tanzania.

This project will involve the design and implementation of the computerized staff and

passengers processing system. This system will cut down the problem of loss of staff and

passengers data (details) to those institutions which are still using manual system. Users

of this system will be able to store passenger’s details to the database and retrieve them

when needed. Finally the system will generate a report which will assist the executive

managers in decision making.

1.2 PROBLEM OF STATEMENT

Due to the large volume of data that is required to be stored, processed, analyzed and also

shared among staff, members of organization like airport faces a lot of weaknesses in

their daily activities such as delaying of in processing of information, some information is

always lost and all these contributed to a high level of operational cost in ability to make

timely and accurate decision, hence hinders most of the organizations to meet their needs.

All these is because of the fact that, most of the organizations such as airways are using a

manual systems so there is a need to develop more efficient computerized program

software which will be able to perform analysis, storage and to keep the passengers

information’s or records given time.

1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study was to establish web based database in developing countries

Airways with regard to Air Tanzania in Tanzania. A web based database is indispensable

to any Airways to properly manage enormous amounts of data very good and making it

useful to others.

2

1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1.4.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVE

The study shall generally examine the roles and establishment of web based database

on developing countries Airways. A web based database is indispensable to a airways

To provide access and security to enormous amounts of data and making it useful to

other people.

1.4,2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE

o To identify the roles of web based database in developing countries Airways.

To identify the challenges faced by Air Tanzania in proper data management

and internationally provision of Air ways.

o To construct or develop the designed database.

o To test the database.

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. How will the system allow the application to share data with other programs?

2. How will the program allow the user to access data from the database?

3. What are security policies that can be implemented to ensure that available data is

viewed by only the authorized user?

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

1.6.1 GEOGRAPHYCAL SCOPE

There are number of ways that web based database expenses might be reduced.

Competition in the ISP market could help to lower prices but competition alone will not

be sufficient to dramatically force down prices if ISPs can not also provide their own

infrastructure. Nationwide internet access for the price of local call could also be

implemented as has been done in number of African countries. However, the researcher

will base her/his study on web based database on developing countries Airways at Air

Tanzania which is located in Tanzania east Africa.

The study will focus on the Staff information and passengers information’s and

information departments and will range with in 7months. It will equally aim at gender

sensitivity in the section of respondents to ensure that both men and women are

participated equally

4

1.6.2 CONTENT SCOPE

Content scope dwelt on the history of the internet, how airways should be using

The web based database, web based database challenge in Africa, web based data in

Developing countries Airways, Online booking and data keeping is the challenge

Facing web based database many Airways in developing countries. The study will

Also access how web based database will benefit rural community.

1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The new system is able to provide a better and clear passengers information’s,

collection, processing integration and publishing of data.

The system also will be having the following characteristics,

o A high level of automation.

o The ability to run processing cycle in short period of time.

o The ability to deal with large volume of data that the organization has.

5

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW:

2.0 INTRODUCTION

Ian Somerville (2002), claim that software was not just the program but also all

associated documentation and configuration of data, which is needed to make these

programs

Operate correctly. It consists of a number of separate pro~ams, configuration of Oles

that are used to set up this program, documentation which describes the structure of the

system and user documentation.

However as the project was concerned software can be referred as instructions which

when executed provide desired function and performance? Also software can be referred

as data structure that enables the programs to adequately manipulate information.

2.1. SOFTWARE PRODUCTION PROCESSS.

Software production process was the process we follow to build, deliver and evolve the

software product from the inception of an idea all the way to the delivery and final

retirement of the system. (Carlo Gheezzi, 2002, p.357).

7

22 SOFTWARE PRODUCTION LAYERS.

Software production (engineering) was layered technology that begins with the

organization commitment to quality and then moves on to software process. The process

then works as glue that holds the technology (tools and methods) layer together and

enables rational and timely development of the computer software. Below is a model

showing production.

Process

Figure 2

Figure above illustrates software production layers (Carlo Ghezz, 2002).

2~3 SOFTWARE DESIGN.

Design was a process of applying various techniques and principles for the purpose of

defining system insufficient details to permit its physical realization.

However Ian Sommerviille (2002, p56) explain design as a description of structure of

the software to be implemented, the data which is part of the system, the interfaces

between the system components and sometimes the algorithms used.

8

2.4 FACTS FINDNG TECHNIQUES

Jeffrey L Whitten, Loi~e D Bently and Kevin C Ditman (2001 p.2l9)~ Fact finding

techniques are the formal process of using research, interviews, questionnaires~

sampling and other techniques to collect information about problems~ requirements

and preferences. It’s also called information gathering.

2,5DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY

System development life cycle (SDLC) was a process which involves four phases

(planning, analysis, design and implementation) in developing computerized system.

LonnieD Bently, Kevin C Dittman,(200I, p.238).

2.6 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS.

Dream Weaver and Mysql the tool which used in developing the new system.

Dream weaver was a programming environment that is, a program specifically designed

to facilitate the creation of new program.

However Mysql is another tool which will be used in creating the new system particularly

the database.

9

2.7 DATABASE SYSTEMS.

A database was an organized collection of interrelated data that supports multiple

applications of an enterprise’s business process or functional unit. The database stores not

only the values of the attributes of various entities but also the relationship between these

entities. Zwass Foundations of Information systems (1998).

2.8 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS).

DBMS is system software that provides assistance in managing databases shared by

many users. A DBMS helps organize data for effective access by a variety of users with

different access needs and for efficient storage. A DBMS makes it possible to create

access, maintain and control databases. Zwass Foundations of Information system (1998)

2.9 ADVANTAGES OF DBMS.

Avoiding uncontrolled data redundancy and preventing inconsistency.

Applications share the data stored in a database rather than owning private files

that would often store redundant data. Zwass Foundations of information system

(1998)

o Program data independence. When the database is managed by DBMS, programs

can be written independently of the actual physical layout of the data or even of

the overall logical structure of the data. Zwass foundations of information system.

10

0 Flexible access to shared data. The database approach opens data for access to

users and applications. Query languages enable end users to access data directly.

Zwass foundations of information system.

Security can be maintained by specifying with the DBMS who is authorized to

access or modify the data. The DBMS which serves as the means of access to the

data enforces these constraints. Zwass foundations of information system (1998).

2.10 INFORMATION SYSTEM.

Information system can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that

collects/retrieve process, store and distribute information to support decision making, co

ordination and control in an organization. Kevin C. Laudon, Jane P. Laudon Essentials of

management information systems (2003).

2.1O.1ADVANTAGES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM IN AN ORGANISATION

o Information system support business operation of the firm

o Information system supports its management.

11

o Information system assists general knowledge work that is work with abstract

information rather than with tangible materials. Zwass Foundations of information

system (1998)

12

2d1 USER INTERFACE.

Graphical user interface was the portion of program that the user interacts with graphical

user interface includes the following.

A pointing device, typically a mouse

@ On screen pull-down menus that can appear or disappear under the control of the

pointing device.

• Window that graphically display what the computer is doing.

• Icons, which are graphical images that represent certain items such as files and

directories. Introduction to computer and Information system(p. 12)

2.12 CURRENT SYSTEM.

The Air ways is using the computerized system in processing the passenger’s details. The

current system started its operation in 2006, but previously the organization was using

manual system in its daily operations. This is according to deputy manager and system

documentation.

1~)

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

10 INTRODUCTION.

This chapter highlights on the research design that was used, area of the study,

Population of the study, sample selection methods and size, data collection and analysis

Methods that will be used.

3.1 TARGET POPULATION

The data collection technique was targeted on senior managers, middle managers, low

Level managers and passengers. This is because the categorized managers plus

passengers are the ones who could give complete information that would be useful for the

Establishment of a new system and to know more weaknesses of the current system.

14

3.2 SAMPLE SELECTION.

The research used the following people according to their position at work, director as a

senior manager who gave the information about strategic objectives, policies,

organization structure.

The manager provided the information about the operation of business procedures as a

middle manager.

Secretaries and other workers gave out day to day activities of the organization as lower

managers.

Also a research got information from passengers about problems facing them such as

details missing, inconsistence etc.

3,3 DATA COLLECTION.

The research used most appropriate data collection techniques to collect data from the

organization.

3.3.1 INTERVIEW

The research used this technique to collect data from senior and middle managers so as

to get additional strategic information about the organization.

15

3~3~2 QUESTIONAIRE

The research used this technique to collect information from staffs and passengers about

the problems facitig them due to the current system.

113 OBSERVATION

This technique used to gather information within an organization so as to get data which

Were not found through questionnaire and interview techniques. And to verify data

which are already found in interview and questionnaire techniques.

16

3.3.4 DEVELOPM~T ~IETHOD0LO~ AND TOOLS

To achieve the above objectiveS~ the project used the system development life cycle

(SDLC) ~ethodol0gY which includes the fol~owiflg phases.

planning phase, Analysis phase, Design phase and Implemefltati0n phase,

Mysql and Dream Weaver will be used as tools to create user interface and data base

system to manage the application’s data. Other development tools include hardware tools

such as,

pentium 3 of 700MHZ processor.

• 128MBofl~~~

5GBofharddi5l~

Operating system~ windoWs 98, windows2000, and windows xp.

3.3.5 PROBLEM ANTICIPAT~ IN THE STUDY

As long as the research involved some of the traditional data collection techniques such

as questionnaire and interVie\v, wrong information about the system were able to be

found due to unwillin~ess of respondents or ~wong target population.

Moreover high cost of running a project and limitation of time can caused problem to the

research. Also resistance from employees about implementation of the new system~ as

some of them feared to loose their job; it brought a problem in implementation of a new

system.

17

3.3.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY.

The limitation will include probability of bias due to the sampling method and data

collection due to the possibility that some of the respondents may not consent to

participate in the study. Time factor will also be of essence due to academic pressure.

18

CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM ANALYSIS, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.0 OVERVIEW

The chapter presented the user interface of the study software as well as the system

design, hosting architecture, client server architecture, data flow diagram and conclusion

of the section.

4.1 PROJECT SIZE AND STRUCTURE

The project covered the automation of details processing. It focused on the capturing the

passengers information’s, calculating the costs and indicate whether the passenger has

got the ticket and generate report that is useful for decision making.

On the other hand the structure of the project included the computer that is single

computer or network of computers. The system also included the database for storing

passenger’s information, and the program for calculating the passengers cost.

19

4.2 EXPERIENCES WITH DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY

System development life cycle (SDLC) is the methodology which used in developing the

new system. The researchers did not have much experience with the methodology but

they were confident to use the methodology as they have studied and understand the

methodology well. With connection to SDLC the researchers used dream weaver

programming language to build up a program, mysqi to create database system. Also the

researcher used dream weaver for creating user interface.

4.2,1 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY.

The new system has many benefits to the organization, for example after the study and

implementation the system is able to accommodate huge amount of passengers records

compared to the current system. Additionally the new system has the following benefits.

• A high level of automation.

• The ability to run details processing cycles in short period of time.

• Hiding the database from the user in such away that the database will be seen by

only the database administrator.

20

4.2.2 COST OF BUILDING THE SYSTEM

In building the new system much cost incurred in traveling to and from the application

area, buying the requirements for new system such as hardware and software.

4.3 ANALYSIS.

4.3.1 TARGET USERS.

A system will be used by lower lever managers in their day to day information

system automation.

e Also system will be used by the database administrators to guarantee the

privileges to the user.

High level managers will also use the system to obtain reports for decision

making.

• Middle level managers will use system for organizing information and preparing

report for high level managers.

4.4 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS.

The new system was required to be able to deal with large volume of data that the

institution has. On the other hand the new system requires the following components.

21

Figure 4: Hard ware and Software requirements

ITEM SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTTION BENEFITS

1 PC Pentium IV ~ CPU with o Better access to data.

2.0 GHZ o To improve performance

RAM UseofCDs

(256MB) • Large storage space

o CD Drive

• Hardisk

(40GB)

1 printer Hp inkjet printer With black • More timely reports

1520 cartridge, colour

cartridge

1 ups NASH o 220 — 240 For power stability and

volts storage to keep PC working,

• 4A even during power losses

Prevention of data loss

Development Dream weaver Version 6.0 o Customization of

Application with MSDN package and to

integrated, provide report writing

DBMS mysqi Version 5 Data storage

22

4.4.1 INFORMATION FLOW AND SYSTEM DESIGN

4.4.2 CURRENT SYSTEM

The infonnation in the current system flows from top to bottom that is from the staff who

collects information to the Deputy It manager who feed into the system, IT manager who

get out and sign the repots, director who perform auditing. The flow of information in the

current system is shown below.

Figure 5: CURRENT SYSTEM

L)

4.4.3 POPOSED SYSTEM

In the proposed system the information also flows from top to bottom but there are

interactions from one level to another. Also in the proposed system, passenger and staff

are added into the system.

The passenger interact with deputy it manager to validate his/her information in case

missing. Also passenger interact with It manager asking for report. The flow of

information in the proposed system is shown below

Figure6: PROPOSED SYSTEM

Figure 7: THE CONTEXT DATA FLOW DIAGRAM (DFD)

24

Figure 7: THE CONTEXT DATA FLOW DIAGRAM (DFD)

Make Booking Booking passenger

Secretarypassenger

Accepted

It manager~ Sign repoi~ SYSTEM Audit reports ~ Director~1

Enter /Updates names Sign final reportDeputy it Directormanager

25

4.4.4 PHYSICAL DESIGN.

Figure 8: Passengers form

FIELD NAME DATA TYPE FIELD SIZE CONSTRAINTS DESCRIPTION

First name text 15 required Passengers First name

Other Names text 20 required Passengers other names

From text 20 required Passengers from

To text 15 required Passenger Destination

Date - Date required Day of travel

Passenger table captures passengers’ records which are passengers first name, last name,

from, to, and date.

26

4.5 USER INTERFACE.

Graphical user interface is the portion of program that the user interacts with. Graphical

user interface includes the following.

~ A form that require the passenger to fill in for his/her booking.

~ On screen menus that the user can see different pages and read more news about

air Tanzania.

~ Administrator Login to add new staff member or administrator member.

Icons and pictures that represent the Air Tanzania features.

27

LOG FO

A{Wi ~TVNTAk~

~ Sooking ~ c~wrmus ~dnurnstratar Lo~n

UsffNilne

Passw

Oth~es

Fto~

To______________ LATEST NR~S

y-n~m-d~ .G5t ouiit flyfrcmT to donjixiss

ai~owwcbave ourtrxph~T~mato IubaSud~oy

ARUSH&.T~xinxaxo enjoy

thewoM

I Ii I*~~t~~Dcre

Figure 9: Home page

28

Figure 10

Payment optional for the passengers between for Visa users and account number users

Lit~I~~~

4à~z j~*~p~rt~?

~\W TA\~Z~NT

‘.~ t:.~1~li ~

cheapOai~j-~--- -‘- —j~

ACCOIJNTNUMB~R VISA CARD

While you cherish your dreams

29

Figure 11

Form for passengers that are using account number

9. ~ ~bw ~ 1a~~ ~

AIRTA~\ ~\NI~

F!IJ. ~HE FORM EFT.OWTO ECEIW IOFR ORDFR SOON

RI f~r~ b~ ~1v~w rip ti~ ~:;

transfltivfl ~e IJC;EISiilIy, ~ ri] call y:cc

a,:zr ~Itr rrcr,rcu crd:r cc gcakc ~;r,r curI..] c~

i1.V WIT!] US ENJOY 1]EWOR].D.

S~MJ —

c.r.~c.c~cc c_ptJJit~ ~LA~ ~W1~V.1TrMcv4

30

5~th Fa~oo~

Th~uilc~ for clloosuiLr ~\n T~nzaiun.

Tr~ji~acfion i~ ~mce~o~fiu1y u~ our s~v~tem.

After the passenger fill the form the above message inform after transaction

31

Figure 10: Transaction Form

Form for passengers that are use Visas

AIRL V1 \ i~

THE FORM BELOW YOuR ORDER SOON

Fill the f:rre ~e sure afy: cc ~c: an time afterthe iransac it ic be tncce~tlidlly. we csill call van~a:c ir’~ -stern your arder turn ak ~e ofv:s.r

l;~’~,

Ii.’~T.

PJO~3~343343u~Y\ViT}i US ENJOY .HEWORJ)

[~~1i~t

Passenger after fill the form above all the transaction process it will be done successfully

with our system directly.

32

4.6 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

4.6.1 CODING

In this stage, the whole system is converted into computer understanding language.

Coding the new system into computer programming language is an important stage where

the defined procedures are transformed into control specifications by the help of a

computer language.

This is also called programming phase in which the programmer converts the program

specifications into computer instructions, which we refer to as programs. The programs

coordinate data movements and the entire process in a system. It is generally felt that the

programs must be modular in nature. This helps in fast development, maintenance and

future change, if required.

This system has been developed using the Dream weaver and Msql database management

software. Database (msql) allows accessibility of data and retrieval of data easily. It

allows elimination of duplicated of data and also security of the database is possible

4.6.2 TESTING

Before actually implementing the new system into operations, a test run of the system

is done removing all the bugs, if any. It is an important phase of a successful system.

After the above codifying of the whole program of the system, a test plan should be

developed and run on a given set of test data. The output of the test run should match

the expected results. The following test rub are carried out.

33

4.6.3 UNIT TESTING

This is the first stage of testing; this is done by using written test planning and prepared

test data. The path consists of a number of test runs such as valid paths through the codes.

For each test run, there is a list of condition tested, the test data used and expected results.

All the forms that are on the system are tested against the test plan and conditions.

4.6.4 INTERGRATION TESTING

This is the interfaces between programs in the same function area. Each program is

linked to other programs with which it interacts. The whole process must be in a

specific sequence and within specified response time. The integration between the

program interfaces created in dream weaver and the database created in mysql is fully

tested to ensure that they effectively linked.

4.6.5 SYSTEM TESTING AND IMPLEMENTATION

This tests the whole system by linking together all the programs subsystems. Bugs are

recorded and categorized in terms of priority are fixed and those with less priority can

be addressed in the follow-ups releases. The following are also carried out.

i) Performance testing validates that all the response times or transaction periods

specified in the functional specifications can be met by the system especially

when it is fully loaded. Involves timing how long the system takes to respond

to a user request, timing normal case path through and exception cases.

ii) Regression test, this ensures that the correction during the system test have not

introduced new bugs, and test the key functions.

iii) Acceptance testing, this proves to the client, that the system, meets the

business requirement agreed upon, in the functional specification. The tested

data is replaced with live data provided by the client. The client records all

errors and other aspects. They are discussed with the developer, whereby, the

errors are corrected by the developer, and the changes are implemented at the

expenses of the client.

iv) Data take-on and conversion, the data from the current system is transferred

safely to the new system. This is done by:

• User enter data; one has to ensure that data entry errors are controlled.

• Data conversion by using a developed program that transfers data form the

current format to the new format.

v) User training, training should take place in learning environment with

competent trainers and with well defined training objectives. The training

should cover all the function of the system until when the users are competent

in the use of the system. The training is done by the system developers, more

experienced staff.

vi) Installation and change over, this involves the following.

• Installation on site, the hardware is brought, the software is installed (that is

operating system and management information system)

o Site commissioning, the system is installed on site, connected to any other

third party component; commissioning test are running to identify

discrepancies between interfaces, until the system work without any problem.

• System change over, direct method is used, it occurs when at given time one

system end, and a replacement start immediately. The advantage is that it is

the cheapest and there is a clear break between current system and new

system.

4.7 SECURITY FEATURES OF THE SYSTEM

The system puts much on security to guard the system against crashing and data

corruption, when the application loads, the login form appears where the user is

supposed to fill in his/her username and password.

If the system checks in the database and find that the username and password

provided b y the user do not match, it will definitely deny the access. Below is the

login form.

User rights have been assigned to every user who logs into the system. To guarantee

this a form for add user has been included where the application checks in the

database for the rights each user has been assigned.

Figure 12: security form

:$Airline~IndeX.PhP Links

ORLD TOG

JO AFRI us Administrator Login

User Name

Password

37

lloyd

[[~inJ

LATEST I’~EWS

• Getdiscountof2O%fiyfrOfl1Tanzania to Rwanda dont miss it.

• now we e started our trip fromT~in,~ni~ to Juba Sudan, Enjoy.

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Joey F. George, Joseph S. Valacich (2002), Modern systems analysis

and design 3rd edition.

Jeffrey L. Whitten, Lonnie D. Bently, Kevin C. Dittman (2000). Systems analysis and

design methods 5th edition.

Silberchatz, Korth Sudarshn (2002). Database system eoncept.lan Sommervile(2002),

Software engineering.

Carlo Ghezzi(2000), Fundamentals of software engi neeri iig.

Zwass( 1998) Foundations of information system.

Kevin c Laudon, Jane p Laudon (2003) Essentials of management information systems

39

APPENDIX A

6.0 SAMPLE INTERVIEW GUIDE

Time allocated Interviewer objective or question Interviewee response

1 — 2 mm Objective

Am Lord Ferdinand. Am third year

Bachelor olinformation technology

student from Kampala International

University. I thank you for your

valuable time. My purpose is to

obtain an understanding of the

existing booking processing system

I -2mm Q2

How are the records kept?

How are these records accessed’?

Interviewee: Mr. Mathew Peter

Date: 20/08/2009

Time: 2.OOpm —2.30

Place: Deputy It office

Subject: Results Monitoring.

I —2mm Qnl.

What is the mode of booking

processing?

I -2 mm Q3

40

1-2mm Qn4

How do you secure the records?

1—2 Qn5

In what rate does the organization

expand?

1-2 mm Qn6

Would you welcome the improved

computerized system?

1 — 2 Objective —

Concl us i C) n

Thank you tbr your cooperation, I

will avail you with a copy ol’ what

transpired during the interview and a

free copy of the system

16 mm Total time allocated for interview

(2.OOpm —2. l6pm)

General

comments and

notes

FIGURE 13

41

APPENDIX B

WORKING S Cl ll~l )~. II ~E

TASKNAME APRIL MAY JUNI ~

Preliminaryinvestigation

Problem analysis

Design I

Implementation

System checkup

FIGURE 14

42

APP ND C.

US RIN RFACES

FIGURE 15: HOME PAGE

Ek’ Li~ Uc~I~A~4 ....p~p

AIK1PL~L M

JOY CAV~TflHJS Athirnusbator Lap.~ake ~ 8ook -g

UsetM~e ~

Firstnre P~swoid

—

To

D

Pass~n~er Information About Us Tourism

p.

43

“II.

Login

LATEST NEWS

eGet o~tof2~hflyfromT toR da ~ss

• now we have d cur ~ip fromT to!ubaSud~,~oy.

ARUS AFly kT~riiatoenjoy

theworl~

Fl 16: A d Admnistrator Fo

5e~ch Fava~es

,~str~orj~e~tphp

September 3, 2009

InsertAdminIstr8~r Record

44

Fl UR 16.1: ayme t orm for Visa Users

A~s

AIR TANZ NIAWE CONNBCfl’~ WORlD TOGETHER

HONE: Septesobu 3.2009

VISA USERS, APPIJCI~EAILOVERTHEWORLD.

Yu’stName I__________ r~ttateto

Other Names I__________ a~y~w~iN~ dxwbaa~b~a~LeOfyuobe tie fist~

Job Title I ICowihy I ~Bco~ir~NowQH~

Account No ___________

CardNumber I IBankNaine __________

Date IPhone number I I

45

FIG 16.2: STAFF AD FORM

‘~avo~~es w [ZJ

INSERT STAFFF RECORDS INTO OUR SYSTEM ASSHOW BELOW

Staff id:

Tztle:

First Name:

Other Name:

Se~c(yr-mm-dd)Date ofbirth

Nationality

Staths:

Address:

Us

Password:

Marned ~

T Insert staff records J

46

GURE 17: After administrator Login found this page.

tlnseft_5taft.php

iu ct ie - rid

HO E ADD ADMINISTRATOR ADD NEW STAFF

47

FIGURE 18: Vision and Mission Is one of our pages show the other link pages andhow it looks.

,php Micr.soIl In~ ~r I pIo~~

I View F~oltes Teds He~

~*ese~ -~ u~N,~I~ds~rkc

7 \~NI \.

Our Missien & Visi~n

v

AbcistUe

edives

I) S~

Us -

“~ e~

• IJ*ewmZm- ~

48

GURE 19: Is the page that shows the full contact of our main and branches officesthat we have.

Too~

sea~fFavuLes D

~airaiUaIu~i.cOm

i~ww.tanzanI~i1r.com

TANZAMAJR EXPRESS CONTACT DETAILS GENERAL SALES AGENTS.ARUSHA Naiobi, Kenya

Dai-es-sa~am-T Los~ieyT LTDfloor Arnold Plasa. WesttandsTanziárE~ress —Head as2nd floor. PPF House (rower) P.O. Boz45879. 8100Ollo Avenue Nairobi. KenyaP.O. BOK 7275Da-es-salaam.T. F-rn us: to v~ave~v o.aom

s_one numb +25489612312Seraices _______________a; T eph. F~

Re ~ons +255756982082 +255698789 !nt~b ,U sudsCargo +255763850712 +255478912 TanzaniairE~ressOh ectves 3n6 Floor, den C~y.

________ +255713986753 +255693147• on . +255717986753 +255145632

+25589764523 +255614789 F-re us: .. i2~ahoo.com~. ScheduLe B

Mission and Vision +25677 : : •

bership and Aflian F-ID. ... oo.com

49

REFERENCE

Jeffrey A Hoffer, Joey F. George, Joseph S. Vabcich (2002), ModernSystem Analysis and design 3~’ edition.

Jeffrey L. Whiten, Lonnie D. Bently, Kevin C. l)ittman (2000), Systemanalysis and design methods 5th edition.

William E. Burrows, Joseph D. Langford (2000), Programming businessapplication.

Silberchatz, Korth Sudarshn (2000) DataBase system concept.

Gay L.R (1996) “education RESEARCH competencies for analysis andapplication,” Toronto, practice hall of Canada Inc.

Gupta S (1999), Research Methodology and Statistical,” Londman publisherLondon New Dehli.

Gulube SM, WYNHANK S (2007) “Global Connections; InternationalInfrastructure and policy “International Development Research Center (IDRC) OfCanada

J.C.R Licklider (1960) Man — Computer Symbiosis. An Internet pioneer ponders thenext revolution. Prentice hall.

50