192i. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. 4523 2-cent piece; to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Meas­m·es.

6243. Also, petition of the Holy ~arne Society of St. Patlick's Church, Rockford, Ill., and sun-dry citizens of Rockford, Ill., Pl"Otesting against tlw passage of the Smith-Towner bill ; to the Committee on Education.

6244. Also, petition of the l\Ierchants' Association of J<Jliet, Ill., favoring 1-cent drop-letter postage rate; to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads.

6245. By l\Ir. G.A.LLIY A..:.~: Petition of the American Associa-tion for the Recognition of the Irish Republic of the State of New Jersey, urging the State Department to re\erse its atti­tude in the case of Hou. Donal O'Callagha:o., lord. mayor of Cork, Ireland, and that Congress invite him to address th~t body; to the Committee ou Immigratio_n and Naturalization.

6265. !3Y l\1r. TINKH.AJ.I: P etition of Back Day Council, No. 331, KUights <Jf Columbus, of Boston, 1\Iass., protesting against the passage of the Smith-Towner bill; to the Committee on Edu­cation.

6266. By 1\fr. ZIHLl\fAN: Petition of the West End Citizens' Association, Washington, D. C., in favor of the Zihlrnan bill, to meter water to large Government institutions; to the Colil.lll.it­tee on the District of Columbia.

SEKATE.

(Legislati'l:e day (}f Wedn.esda11 • .llarcl~ 2, 1921.) 6246. Also, petition of Victory Lodge, No. 1103, International

Association of Machinists, urging resumption of trade between The Senate met at 10 o'clock and 30 minutes a. m., on the the United States and the Republic of Russia; to the Committee expiration of the recess. on Foreign Affairs.

6247. Also, petition of the Thomas ::\fcDonagh Council, Ameri­can Association for the Recognition of the Irish Republie, urging immediate recognitio.o of the republic of Ireland by the United States; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs.

6248. Also, petition of the Dorchester Lov;e:r l\Iills Council, Kpights of Columbus, and the Nativity Court, Daughters vf

DISPOSil':WN CF USELESS PAPERS.

The PRESIDE~T pro tempore laid before the Senate a com­munication from the Secreta.ry of State, in relation to the dis­position of certain usele~ papers filed in American consular offices in connection wit11 the Trading With the Enemy Aet, wbich wa referred to the Committee on Foreign Rei::t:tions.

Isabella, Dorchester, Mass., protesting against the passage of llESSAGE FROM TilE HO"GSE.

the Smith-Towner bill; to the Committee on Education. A message from t}).e House of Representatives, by D. K. Hemp-6249. By Mr. HUDSPETH: Petition of the City Council of stead, its enrolling clerk, announced that the House had agreed

El Paso, Tex., m·ging a.n appropriation for the control of to the amendment of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 12161) to venereal d.isease; to the CoDJlllittee on Appropriations. amend an act entitled " ~~n act to codify revise and amend the

6250. By l\Ir. MAGEE: R~solution of the ;;eneral board of penal laws of the United States," apprdved l\I~rch 4 1909 (35 L'Union St. Jean Baptiste d'Amerique. protesting against the I Stat. L., p. 1134). ' passage of th~ Smith-Towner bill; to the Committee on Edu- ENROLLED BILL N eation. . S AND .JOI~ T RESOLUTION SIGNED.

6251. By 1\Ir. McGLE. 'NO~: Petition of the Ameri-can Asso- The message also announced that the Speaker of the House ciation fer the H.eco;;nUion of the Irish Republic of New Jersey had signed the following enrolled bills and joint resolution, concerning Lord Mayor O'Calla.ghan; to the Committee on Imm.i- and they \Yere thereupon signed by the President pro temp<Jre: gration and Naturalization. S. 4511. An act authorizing the Secretary of War to gr:ao.t

6252. Also, 4,500 letters of protests from citizens of the eighth a right of way over certain Go\ernment lands to the State of congressional district of New Jersey, against the passage of the Oregon for the Columbia River highway; Smith-Towner bill; to the Committee on Education. S. 4827. An act to authorize the Secretary of War to furnish

62fi3. By Mr. NEWTON of Missouri: Petition of certain citi- to the National Museum certain articles of 1J1e arms, material, zens of St. Louis, 1\lo., favoring the passage of tlle Smith-Towner equipment, or clothing heretofore issued or produced for the bill; to the Committee n11 Education. United States Anny, and to dispose of colors, standards, and

6254. Also, petition of certain citizens of St. Louis, Mo., pro- guidons of demobilized organizations of the United States testing against the passage of the Smith-Towner bill ; to the Army~ and for other p.tJrposes ; Committee on Educatio.n. H. R. 9036. An act to repeal and annul certain parts of the

6255. By Mr. O'CONNELL: Petition of the New York Com- charte-r and lease gr~nted and made to the Washington Market mittee Against the Horror on the Rhine, concerning thB French Go. by act of Congress entitled "An act to incorporate the Army of occupation in Germany; to the Conim.ittee on Foreign Washington Market Co.," approved May 20, 1870; Affairs. - H. R. 10104. An act to renew patent No. 25909;

6256, By llr. O'CONNOR: Petition of ce.tiain citizens of II. R. 12161. An act to amend an act entitled "An act to New Orleans, La., concerning the Irish republic; to the Com- codify, revise, and amend the penal laws of the United States," mittee on Foreign Affairs. approved March 4, 1909 (35 Stat. L., p. 1134) ;

6257. By Mr. RAKER: Petition of J. L. Rollins, l\'l. D., of H. R. 15422. An ad making appropriati{)ns for sundry civil Colfax, Calif., urging the repeal of taxes on medicine; to the e~enses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June Committee on Ways and 1\Ieans. 30, 1922, and for other purposes;

6258 . .Mso, petition of the California Olive Association, Los. H. R. 14490. An act to transfer the Panhandle and Plains Angeles, Calif., urging the acceptance of the Senate amendment sectio.n of Texas and Oklahoma to the United States standard on tariff 011 oli\es and olive oil; to the Committee on Ways and centrat time zone; and Means. S. J. Res. 233. Joint resolution giving consent of the Oon-

6259. By Mr. REBER: Petition of the Kiwanis Club, of Al~ gress of the United States to the States of North Dakota, toona, Pa., protesting against the passage of S. 4828, the Fed- South Dakota, 1\Iinne~ota. Wisconsin, Iowa, and N-ebraska. or eral coal bill; to the Committee on Agriculture. any two or more of said States, to agree upon the jurisdiction

G260. By l\1r. ROGERS: Petttion of Laval CoUJ)cil No. 222, to be exercised by said States o-ver boundary waters between L'Union St. Jean Baptiste d'Amerique, Lowell, Mass., protesting any two or more of said States. against the passage of the Smith-Towner bill; to the Committee aNNIE L. MARTIN. on Education. l\1r. CALDER. From the Committee to Audit and Control

62Gl. By Mr. SNELL: Petition of L'Union St. Jean Baptiste the Contingent Expenses of the Senate, I ask unanimous c.on­d'Amerique, Jea.o.ne d'Arc Council, No. 322, Malone, N. Y., pro-testin_g against the passage of the Smith-Towner bill~ to the sent to report back favorably a resolution to pay to Annie L. Committee on Education. l\1artin. widow of Charles H. Martin, late secretary to the

6262. Also, petition of L'Union st. Jean. Baptiste d'Amedque, junior Senator from North Carolina [1\!r. OVERMAN], six Bourget Council, No. 71, of Redford, N. Y., protesting against months' salary. l\11'. Martin died day before yesterday. I the passage of the Smith-Towner bill; to the Committee on ask unanimous consent for the present consideration of the reso-Education. lution.

6263. Also, petition of L'Union st. Jean Baptiste d'Amerique, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from New Yor.k <:ot An c ·1 N ~o3 st R · F u ,...~ y asks unanimous consent to present the report indicated by 0 e. ne ounci • 0 · 0 ' • egls a · s, J.~·. ., protesting him. Is there objection? The Chair hears none. Is there !!a:g!c~Jo~~ssage of the Smith-Towner bill ; to the Committee objection to the present consideration of the resolution?

6264. By Mr. STINESS: Petition of oyer 2,000 members of The t·esolutio.n (S. Res. 473) was read, considered by un.ani-the National Council of Catholic Men and other organizations m{)US consent, and agreed to, a,S follows:

St P t "ck' p · h p "d R I t t• · Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate be, and he is hereby, of . a r1 y s ar1s • rov1 ence, · ·• pro es mg agamst the authorized and directed to pay from the miscellaneous items of tli<l Smith-Towner bill; to tho Committee on Education. contingent fund of the Senate to Annie L. Martin, widow ot Charles

·4524- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-_ SENATE. MARCH 4,

H. :.\Iartin. late cle-rk to the Hon. LEE S. - OVERMA.)l", Senator from the State of :\orth Carolina, a sum equal to six months' compensa­tion at the rate he was receiving by law at the time of his death, said sum to be consit1ered as including funeral expenses and all other allowances.

M. IT. BUMPHREY.

Mr. CALDER Ft·om the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate, I ask unanimous con­sent to report back favorably, with an amendment, a resolu­tion providing foe the appointment of l\1. H. Bumphrey, recently on the soldier's roU, to a place \}pon the messengers' roll. I ask unanimous consent fo1· the present consideration of the resolution.

The PllE~IDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the pre­sentation of the eeport? The Chair hears none. Is there ob­jection to the present consideration of the resolution?

The resolution ( S. Res. 445) was considered by unanimous consent, and was read, as follows:

Resolved, That the Sergeant at Arms of the Senate be, and he is hereby, authorized a nd directed to place upon the roll of messengers in the employ of the Senate the name of M. H. Bumphrey, the same to be borne thereon in accordance with the provisions of Senate reso­lution numbered 72. agreed to on July 14, 1911, at a compensation at the rate of ~1,440 per annum, such compensation to be paid from the contingent fund of the Senate until otherwise provided for by law.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The committee reports - an amendment, which will be stated.

The AssiSTANT SECRETARY. The committee proposes to strike out the words "until otherwise provided for by law" and insert "from and after March 4, 1921, to and including June 30, 1921."

The amendment was agreed to. The resolution as amended was agreed to.

CUBAN SUGAB CROP, 1921 (S. DOC. 424).

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the following message from the President of the United States, which was read and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations: 'I'o the Senate:

I transmit herewith :t report by the Secretary of State in re­sponse to the resolution adopted by the Senate on February 14 (calendar day February 17), 1921, requesting him to furnish to the Senate such information as may be possessed by the Depart­ment of State "showing or tending to show that an agreement has been reached for pooling the 1921 Cuban sugar crop be­tween {1) the Go\ernments of the United States and Cuba, or any governmental agencies thereof; (2) the Government of Cuba and any person, partnership, corporation, or association; or ( 3) any individuals, partnerships, corporations, or associ a­tions."

w·oonRow WILSON. THE WHITE Bo-esE,

3 March, 1921.

INTEBFERENCE TilTH AMERICAN COMMERCE.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the fol­lowing message from the President of the United States, which was read, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations, and ordered to be printed: To the S enate:

I transmit herewith a report by the Secretary of State in response to Senate resolution 438 relating to complaints of American citizens growing out of the interference with Ameri­can commerce by the British authorities during the war.

WOODROW WILSON. Inclosure:

Report mentioned. THE WHITE Ho-c-sE,

S MareTt, 1921.

1\fr. LODGE. I a k that the message and accompanying papers be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. I do not ask that the papers be printed, because they are very voluminous.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The message from the Presi­dent will be printed, and, with the accompanying papers, will be referred to th ~ Committee on Foreign Relations.

PP.ESS CO~GRESS OF THE WORLD. Mr. SPENCER. Air. President, I offer the resolution which I

send to the desk, and ask unanimous consent for its immediate consideration.

The PHESIDE_ ~T pro tempore. The resolution will be read.

1.'he resolution (S. Res. 474) was read, as follows: Whereas the Senate has learned with gratification of the holding of ses­

sions of a Press Congress -of the World in Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands, October 4 to 14, 1921. the congress having .been organized at the Panama-Pacific Exposition at San Francisco in 1915 with the sole pur­pose of bringing together representatives of the world's journalism for acquaintanceship and conference in the interests of journalism ; there-fore, be it · -Resolved. That the Department of State be, and it is hereby, requested

to extend ihrough foreign Governments an invitation to the press of the world to be represented by delegates at the congress.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the pres­ent consideration of the resolution?

JHr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I desire to ask the Senator from Missouri why the usual proviso is not added, that there shall be no expense attached to this matter on the part of the Government?

Mr. SPENCER. I have no objection whatever to that amend­ment. There will be no expense. ; Mr. SMOOT. Then I moYe to arriend the resolution by insert­in-g these words :

Provided, That no expense to the Government shall be incurred by rea­eon of this convention or invitation.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. .The question is on the amend­ment proposed by the Senator from Utah.

The amendment was agreed to. The resolution as amended was agreed to.

GORDON WOODBURY.

Mr. POL.'i'DEXTER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­sent, as in open executive sesEion, that the Senate advise and consent to the nomination of Gordon 'Voodbury to the position of Assistant Secretary of the Navy, and that the President be notified.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Wash­ington asks unanimous consent that, as in open executive session, the nomination of Gordon Woodbury to be Assistant Secretary of the Navy be confirmed. Is there objection? The Chair hears none. Without objection, the nomination will be confirmed, and the President will be notified.

_ ->.TAL APPROPRIATIONS.

The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, resumed the consideration of the bill (H. R. 15975) making appropriations for the naval service for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1922, and for other purposes.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on the pending amendment of the committee.

Mr. SMITH of South Carolina. I call for the regular order. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair -has announced

the regular order. Mr. KING. Mr. President--Mr. POINDEXTER. I ask that the cuusideration of the

bill be proceeded with, and I call for a vote on the pending amendment.

l\lr. KING. I was about to s-c : gest the absence of a quorum.

YAZOO RIVER, MISS.

Mr. HARRISON. Mr. President, will the Senator from Utah withhold that suggestion for one moment? I have a very important measure here that I want to have passed. Will the Senator from Washington withhold his request tem·­porarily, until I can ask for the consideration of the measure?

Mr. POINDEXTER. For what purpose, Mr. President? Mr. HARRISON. It is a bill merely for a preliminary

survey. Mr. POINDEXTER. I will withhold objection for the time

being, and ask that the bill be read. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary will read

the bill. -The reading clerk read the bill ( S. 5048) to survey the Yazoo

River, Miss., with a view to the control of its floods, as follows! Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby,

autho-rized anrl directed to cause a preliminary examination and survey to be made of the Yazoo River, Miss., with a view to the control of its floods, in accordance with the provisions of an act entitled "An act to provide for the control of the floods of the Mississippi River and the Sacramento River, Calif., and for other purposes," approved 11arch 1, 1917.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the present consideration of the bill?

There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill.

1\-Ir. SMOOT. Mr. President, I desire to ask the Senator from Mississippi if a survey has not already been made of th~ stream?

1~21. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 4525 1\Ir. HARRISON. No; there has been no survey. This is a

Tery important measure. Mr. TOWNSEND. Mr. President, I think we ought to have

a further explanation of the bill by the Senator from Mississippi.

Mr. HARRISON. It needs no explanation. It speaks for itself.

Mr. TOWNSEND. I should like to have an explanation as to how it happens that that river or creek has not been surveyed.

Mr. HARRISON. I may say that the stream is in the county from which the senior Senator from Mississippi [Mr. 'VILLIA.MS] comes. He has been so occupied on other matters of great importance that he has :!lot been able to have the survey provided for.

The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed.

NAVAL APPROPRIATIONS.

The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, resumed the con­sideration of the bill (H. R. 15975) making appropriations for the naval service for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1922, and for other purposes.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is uppn the pend­ing amendment of the committee, which will be stated.

The READING CLERK. On page 11, line 9, the committee re­port to strike out " $750,000 " and insert " $850,000."

Mr. POINDEXTER. I ask for a vote upon the amendment. [Laughter.] '

HON. CHARLES S. THOMAS.

Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I would like to have the Senate tm·n from a little levit-y to something that I think Senators would like to give a moment's attention to.

1\fr. President, within a few moments there will be a great change in the membership of the Senate. Many of our close frie::ads on both sides of this Chamber will retire.

I shall take but a few minutes of the Senate's time to express my appreciation of the unselfish, patriotic, and most valuable public services of Senator CHARLES S. THOMAS, of Colorado.

His retirement from the Senate is a distinct loss to the Sen­ate and the Nation. During the full term of his service in the Senate he has never resorted in a single instance to dema­goguery. He has never dodged a vote nor cast one contrary to what he believed to be for the best interests of his country. I respect him for his sterling manhood and honor him for his unquestioned honesty. No more courageous man ever served in this body. I honor and love him for his undoubted American­ism and skilled statesmanship. l\Iay the Great Master protect this great American and so an-ange that his last days will be his happiest ones. [Applause.]

Mr. KENYON. l\lr. President, I \Vant to add just a word to the fitting and appropriate remarks of the Senator from Utah concerning the distinguished Senator from Colorado [Mr. THOMA.s]. There is always a tinge of sadness when a session is drawing to a close and we ate compelled to part with some of our fellow Members, and I think after we leave this body one thing we will look backward to abo>e everything else will be the comradeship of the Senate, for while there is bitterness at times, yet underneath it all there is a wonderful spirit of comradeship.

If one in meditative moments were to have any worries about the future of this country, it would be because of the lack of courage that is displayed in public life, the local representation as distinguished from the broad national representation, and year by year as I have been in this body my admiration has grown for the men who, while representing their States, have the courage to put above that representation for the entire Nation; that courage has been possessed by the Senator from Colorado to a remarkable degree. His service here is an in­spiration, and it will be an incenti>e to younger men to follow him and fight as courageously as he has fought for some of the things in which he thoroughly belie>ed. Though we might at times differ from him, we all admire his com·age and his ability.

l\lany good men are leaving this body. Comparisons are probably odious. We will miss them all. Mr. President, I have said privately, as I now say publicly, that in my judgment the opinion of the people in the days to come will place the Senator from Colorado and his work side by side with the names of those who have been recognized in the past as the great Sena­tors in this body. As be leayes, he goes with the good will of all. The Trea~ury of the United States loses one of its most vigorous defenders, the Sena te one of its most valued Members,

LX--283

and the country one of the ablest Senators who ever sat in this body. [Applause.]

Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, it is very difficult to express in apt or appropriate phrase the depth of appreciation and gratitude which this largely undeserved and wholly unexpected tribute has created within my bosom. I thank the Senators who have seen fit to so kindly emphasize my generally un­successful and unsatisfactory service in this body, and to assure them, and all of my colleagues, that I am more than repaid for all I have essayed as a Member of this Chamber by the good will, the appreciation, the respect, and the friendship of my colleagues, irrespective of party lines.

Before one enters this illustrious body as a Member he is prone to entertain opinions and impressions of its Members, gathered from expressions in the public press or from a general course of public opinion which ha>e been frequently mis­directed and more frequently erroneous. My personal expE"ri­ence confirms the view that there is in public life neither here nor elsewhere any body of men, taken by and large, whose standards are higher, whose capacity for service is greater, whose patriotism is purer, than the Members of this greatest deliberative body in the world. While we differ materially upon matters both of principle and of procedure, we make progress by respecting the convictions of each other, and at the close of our service we perceive in retrospect that succeeding Senates have striven to serve the country according to their own ideals, their standards of dut-y, and the pressing problems of their time.

This at least has been my experience. The eight ye3.rs which I have spent as a Senator of the United States, covering a period of greatest stress and crisis in all the Nation's history, have been a fruitful source of education, of development, and courage, courage for the future, an abiding confidence in the destiny of America, and of renewed devotion to the principles of American Government.

Senators and brethren, one and all, I thank you from the bottom of my heart for this too extravagant tribute to my services, and beg to assure you that to the end of my life I will remember this as the proudest moment in a long course of years crowded with duties and responsibilities.

Mr. MYERS subsequently said: lVlr. President, I am sorry that there shall be lost to membership in this body all of the Senators who are retiring to-day; I have particular regard and most kindly feelings for all of them; but I wish to say a word of one Senator especially, and that is the distinguished Senator from Colorado [Mr. THOMAS]. I understand that awhile ago a very high and fitting tribute was paid to the distinguished Senator from Colorado by the able Senator from Io-wa [:\Ir. KENYON] and also by the Senator from Utah [Mr. SMOOT]. I am sorry I missed the pleasure of hearing those tributes. How­ever, I am not content that the session should end without adding a humble word of my own, expressiye of my admira­tion and esteem for the distinguished Senator from Colorado [Mr. THOMAS]. His career in this body bas been and i~ an inspiration to me. I ha>e not always been in accord with h im; I have not always voted as he voted; but his fearlessness, his courage, his statesmanship, his high ideals, his superb American­ism have always elicited my >ery warmest and unqualified admiration. To my mind, he stands as a striking type of the >ery highest degree of Americanism, and of upright, courage­ous statesmanship. I feel that I ha>e been greatly strengthened and benefited by my association here with him and I shall always hold in mind his official career, as an example worthy of emulation in conscientious devotion to duty. He carries with him my warmest affection and highest esteem and my admira­tion for him shall never diminish.

CONFIRMATION OF NORMAN H. DAVIS. l\fr. LODGE. Mr. President, as in open executive session, I

report from the Committee on Foreign Relations the nomina­tion which I send to the desk, and ask unanimous consent that the Senate confirm the nomination.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary will report the nomination for which immediate consideration is asked. . The READING CLERK. Norman H. Davis, of New York, to be representative of the Government of the United States to participate in an international conference, to be held in Wash­ington, to consider all international aspects of communication by telegraph, telephone, cable, wireless telephone, and wireless telegraph, and to mal:;:e recommendations with a view to pro­viding the entire world with adequate facilities for interna­tional communication on a fair and equitable bas is.

l\fr. LODGE. l\lr. President, I desi re to say that Mr. DaYis, as we all know, is Undersecretary of State, antl will leuye that

CONGRESSIONAL :RiECOIID-SEN ATE.

office iin rrwo er 1:h.vee deys. 1\lr. :Oatis JI.a.s 1been u rep:resen:ta­ti\e of the United States upon the Commission ·un !bltennationlll Communicatiou, ..and .:I .k-now it .is ..Ilesired J!hat.he shall continue .that sanuce, w.ith -whinh ·he tis ve:ey ffamlliro:, rand it :has ·been : thought wise ·that we should ronfirm him in :that .position, '"hich, of course, is a temporary one.

The P.P..ESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objertton to t11e -pre-sent con ideratlon of this noniimrtion? The Chair :hem·s 'llone, and without objection the nomination is confirmed, :and the Plresidont w.Hl 1be .notified.

OONI"'TTMATION OF 'WILLTKM ""R. WILI.!IA'MS.

1\Ir. "ADSW'ORTH. I aSk .unanimous consent, as in open .ex­·ecuti\e ..st'ssion, to Peport from ·the Committee on 1\Iititm:y Affairs ana nsk for 'the _present consideration of 'the following 11om ina t ion.

The PRES'IDENT pro tempore. Tlre Secretary will r~pot•t the nomination.

The 1HE.ADrNG CLERK. William ~- \Vi:lliams to be .Assist­·ant Secretary of \V::n:, vice Benedict Crowell, resigned.

Tile PBIDSTDENT 'Pl'e tempore. 'Is there ubjection to ·the ·present consideration of 'the nomination? The Chair bea1·s none, and without ·objection the nomination will be corr:ftrmcq, ·and the 'President 'Will be notified.

ne has our !l"espect ·and ·a1feotion ann ·the regard of the Nation itself. [Applause.]

Mr. UHAMRIDRLAIN. l\lT. F:vesident, I appl!ecmte more than [ •can e:xlJ'reBS what my friend, •ilhe tliBtinguiShea Sen~tor from New York [1\Ir. WADSWORTH], has said with reference to my ilmmble .efforts to serve the country during the !time J •have been in the Senate, and more particularly during the period of tthe '"World •War. But [ 'think the tribute lle pays to me is 'just as much merited by every member of the tOommitlee on 1'.1ihtary ~irs ·:without reg1111d ·to party, whether it -be 1fuose whe re­main in ttlle ·senate or those who Petire, because it would nave been impossible i'or m e to 1utve acaomplished anything wi1Jh­out the splendid and patriotic cooperation and -service of every man who served with me on that committee fiurin:; the period of the war, .and none with greater distinction, or more fervent patniotism than the dietinguiShed Senator who bas just honored me so highly and who has become my successor as, he says, in the mutation of politics.

Paraphrasing · the langu~ge of J effersm~. we " are all Demo­cra'ts and we are an R~publicans " wnen the fate of our -country :is in:volved. There 1\as no p<ilitics in this 'body during the -war, -and 'I have 6ften heard men express wonder 'that .in everything that affected materially .the welfare oi fue Nation, and c(f 'those ·associated with it .in the war, politics was ad-

noN. GEORGE E. · CHAMBEKLAL.~. journed and everyone ;was -willing to put .his shoulder to the Mr. W ADS\YOR'J.::EI. 1\Ir .President, I can not permit this op- Wheel and du w.hat was best far the country ,without regard to

portunity to puss -n'ithout endeavoliillg to ,iff.h.Y a ;word -concern- its effect uptm !him or upon his ,party. ing one of our colleagues who is about to leave us. :I .ue:fer tto , All thlrt w-as accompliShed wns without partisansh1p and with the Senator from Oregon, GEORGE C.HAMB:&."'LA!N. the single aim and pru:pose of every Senator to do What was

Tile .Senate and the -country are .:familiar with the ser~ices best for America in the emergency whicn confronted it. I which rhe has .rendered during his sojom:n in this ·bo<ly,, and .it -aypreciate •more t:ha-n :I can exJPress ,the love of .my 'brnthers in is not .necessary for me or any other Member .of the Senate the Senate •aru:l my ;g1l'eatem Jie&ret at leming this dis:tint:,~ished. to atteru_pt 1o l:'ecount rtbem upon ·this occasion. Senatm•s, and body is the severance of the cwdial n·elationship ·that .Jlas made especially those Senators who have served upon the ·Committee ·us all fti€nds, all brothert:i, all bent upon the service <Jf .our on Military Affairs, will never forget ·the dnys when, during beloved cauntcy. [Applause.] ·the great contest in whiah .AmeTica was plun.,ged, ·GEORGE . QH~IEERLAIN of Oregon led the Senate of .the United States in those .neaessary measures of preparation for .defense against the enemy. w·e shall .never forget his courage, his J)atrio1Jism, and how his urgings and wa:rni.ngs £.ang like ·bugle calls acro-ss ·the land, summoning Ametica to arms.

He fought .:for his country just .as truly ,.as 'tlwngh ..he were ·shouldering a cifle in ·the front .lin~s. He ..ar.oused -his country rto an uv.preciution of its ·danger. He ~pnmmd the "Offic~, both of -the ·executive department.s and here in the Oongres&, to added e:ffm,ts. When .the story of the achievements ·of Americans during the great .war is told ·the name of ·GE.ORGE OH.AMRERLA.lli will be _,print-ed high upon .the honor r,oll.

The mutations of politics shortly a:fter the conclusion of hos­.tilities removed the Senator :from Oregon from the chairman­ship of the Committee on Military Affairs, and happened to place me in -that ;position. J .had £U.l}POllted him, as the other members of the Committee on .Military Affairs ha.d supported him during .his great work in the period Qf hostilities, and ·then we found ·that he suppouted us w.ith the same unseUishness that has made him so famous in ·this body for so many years. Never bas the name lleymblican or Democrat been ,used .in th.e

!Committee on 1\Iilitary Affairs when the Senator from Oregon •had .been discussing the things that 'affect the safety of the .Nation. !He continued his work wHh the .utmost devotion, and continued to inspire .his eolleagues, ·both in and out of that rcommittee, to ·an understanding of how preoious our institu­ltions are, .a:nd how neeessa.ry .it is that we 'defend them .ngainst .every conc~i~ilble enemy.

I!Ie is ·about .to •leave us. ·Every one ·Qf us, without -regard to our political affiliations, regrets ·exceedingly his departure. There baYe not been many Senators like GEORGE E. CHAJ.IBER­LAIN. I know tbrrt my colleagues join with me :in wishing him !happiness ·and ,prosperity ·in the •yea:rs rto cume. We feel and .know that he will be ha.PJW .and content in the knowledge that

'STATEMENT OF 'EXPENDITURES •

.Mr. :W .A.RREN. lli. President, it is usnnl at the end of n session of Congress .to :PTesent for the ;ltEcORD and inspection ·Of the public a statement with reference to moneys that ha,ve been anprqpriated. 'llhe ;people haxe a right to Jmow with what -wis·

·dam :and .ca:ce the .funds of the ~Government have been opp()r· tione.d for expenditure. rr'he statement wllich I .have here and ~(hich 1 present .for the IillGOBD is conwlete as ·to the ·esti· mates and appropriations :for the fiscal year 1921, and also the .fiscal ye111r 1922. I shall give only a .iew af the .totals at this time, and -shall pluc.e the others in the •REconn. I know that .fig­ures m·e alwfl.ys tiresome, and .I AlU>.vose more especially so to 1the .inflo.wing -visitors .of the gallel,W, so I shall read only a few of :tb.e totals.

The total for the regular annual supply bills for tthe .fiscal yem.­l921 ,wer.e $2,254,544,592.78. The am>ro:priations fOl' .:W.22 for1:he s.ame _purposes were $1,178,996,032.4:1,, plus ~39(i,001.,2t19 . .2&, the ·amount of the Naval bill as pa:ssed by ~he House and which failed to pass the Senate, making a total ·of $2,:1.7 4,997 ,281_64, a ·decreu e -of $79,547,31..1.14. The -expenditures ·of the Government ·in t.lie permanent and indefinite appropriations for which the ·Oommit· te.e on A:gp1~o_priutions must :Pl'O\ide runount to a ver•y lru:ge sum ; for the lfrst _year th~y were $1,.4~,726,800.12. This year they were less, the ·total being $1,335,776;360.87:.

The final summing up shows that the total apprqpriations fm 1..922 are less thnn .the aru>ropriations for 1921 .by ~898,24:7,91.0.42. The .appropriations .:for 1922 are less .than the official -estimates, which n.re .the tfigures 'J)lace<l before the committee !for appTopri· atio~, by .lii~,453,485·,926.88.

il: submit the stutement in detail a.ud ask rtlrat .it ·may be inCOl'· porated in i:he REGOBD.

lrhe PRESIDENT JlrO tempore. W.ithout ·oQjection, it is so •Oil(lered.

The statel1l.Ent 'Peferre:d 'to is us follows·:

J!lZl-1.22.

·Ta.7Jlt compari1]g regular arid.permanClit annual appTJ)priaticms made for the-jiscal7Jear tm u:ith the appropriations 1l'..ade for t"!le fiscal 1JC«T 19-21.

Reblliar annual ap_propriationa~:ts (completed). .Appropriations, · fiscal year l!J2L

~1, 712, 784. 00 3~~. 700, 577. 70

9, 220,537.91 •lP, 373, 004. 7 1 ' 833, 442. 00 10, 020, 555. '1:1

Appropriations, iiscal-year 1922.

t3G, 401,259. W 3.-lG, 703, 906. SD

9, 326, 550. 79 19, ·112, 412. 00 • 8, 038,017.00 9, 761, 551. 67

Increase (+ )· or decrease (- ), '19n ·aJlpropria'hons compared with 1921 Jrcfn~~pria·

-P$4,.691,475. 00 -ti7, 990, 070 .. 90 + ] 05, 012. £3 + :1,_03!J,.A.D"' • .12 -10, 795, 425. ()()

259,000.60

1921. CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-SEN ATE. 4527 1921-22-Continued.

Table comparing regular and permanent annual appropriations made [or the fiscal year 19£2 with the appropriations made [or the fiscal year 19.St--continued.

Regular annual appropriation acts (completed). A ppropria thns, fiscal ye!l.r 1921.

Appropriations, fiscal year 1922.

~=:~~: ~~-~~~i~~·. ~~-~ ~~~~~ -_-_._ ~ -_-_ -_._ ~--: ~ •• ~~ ~ •• ~ ~--~: ~-_._._ ·:::.:: ·:. ~-_._ ~: -_-_:: ~ ·:.~ ·.: ::·.:: :~:: :: ~: ::::::::::::: $k, ~:;g; ~: M · s~: rag:~:~ Post Office................................................................................................... 50!, 434,700.00 574,057,552.00 River and harbor............................................................................................. 12,400,000.00 15,250,000.00 Sundry civil . . . . . . . ... . . . . .. . ... . ... . . . . . . .• .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .... .... .••.•... ...• .•. . ..••..••...•.•.• ..•••••••.. 435, &18, 805. 92 384,196,760.41

Increase ( +) or decrease (-), 1922

appropnations compared with 1921 appropria-

tlOns.

+$3, 774, 408. 64 -13, 650, 000. 00 +69, 622, 852. 00

2, 850, 000. 00 51, 652, 046. 51

42, 268, 986. 37 Total, regular annual appropriation acts, completed .......... : .........•.•.....•.....•.•.•.•.•••.•..... 1--1-,-82_1_,_26_5_,-0-18-.-7-8 j I, 778,996,032.41

REGULAR ANNUAL APPROPRJATIO~ ACT (PENDING). !========,~========,::========

Naval (1922, as passed by the House) ..................•........................•..•..•......•..••.•..•.••... 1===433==, ='Z7=9=, =57=4.=00=:===3=96='=00=1='=24=9=.=23=:===37='='r/=8,=3=24=.=7=7

Grand total, regular annual appropriation acts......................................................... 2, 254,544,592. 78 j 2, 174,997,281.64 I 79, 5!7,311.14 !===========:==========!===========

PERMANENT AND INDEFINITE .APPROPRIATIONS.

if~~~~¥l~i~HHH~~~~-:~/!!Hl)))lll_))))))))l·H--HHH-H-~r~~ :i!;ii -----~i;mi 1 ~iii Increased compensaLion to certain employees ($2!0 bonus).................................................... 35,000, roo. 00 35,000,000.00 .•...•.....•.......•

Total, permanent and indefinite appropriations........................................................ 1,462, 726, soo.12 j 1,3.35, 776,360.87 :126,950,439.25

MisceUaneous, including $18,600,000 for bo3pita1S ....................•............................................................ - ~ 20,000,000.00 I 20,000,000.00

Grand total, regular annuai and prrmancnt and indefinite appropriations.............................. 3, 717,271,392.90 3, 530,773,642.51 j -186,497,750. 39

Deficiencies.................................................................................................. 1 187,005, 165. 2S I 2 'Zl5, 256,005. 21 88, 2!9, &39. 93 Railroads.................................................................................................... 800,000,000.00 . . ......... .. . . .. . . . -800,000,000.00

Grand total (including for 1922 the amount of the nava! bitl as passed by the Houo:;e)................... 4, 704,277,558.181 3,806, 029,647.72 - 98, 2!7, 910.46

1 Deficiencie.~ for 1920 and prior fiscal year;;:. 2 Deficiencies for 1921 and prior fiscal years.

Table comparinJ, by bills, eatimates o[re;ular, supp!emenlal, deficiency, and permanent annua~ appropriations for •he fiscal year 1922 with the appropriations made for the ftsca.! year 1922.

Regular annual appropriation bills (completed).

Agriculture .................... __ ............................•...... Army (including Military Academy) ......•..•..••.••..•••••••...••. Diplomatic and Consular ........•........•.•••.•••.................. District of Columbia ..................•.••.•••.•••.••••.....••..••.. Fortification .....••..•...•••..........•..•••••••••••••••.....•••.•.. Indian.····························································· Legislative, etc ...•••••.•.•••...•••...•.•...••...•...•......•••..••.. Peusion ..........•••.••••.•.••••••.......••....•.•...•••••••••••.•.• Post Office .........•••.•••••..••...•.•••.•••...•••••.•.•....•...•... River and harbor ...••.............•...•...•...••..••......•........ Snndry civil .......•.•....•....•..............••....................

Total, regular annual appropriation bills .........•.....•......

EEGUL.A.R ANl.'"UAL APPROPRI.A.TION BILL (PENDING).

Raval (as passed by the House) ...................•.................

Total, regular annual appropriation bills ........... .

PERMANENT AND INDEFINITE APPROPRIATIONS.

Supplemental Regular estimates, fiscal year 1922. estimates, fiscal

year 1922.

$41,989,384.00 $11,040,000.00 699, 'Zl5, 502. 93 ......................... 11,983, M&. 94 ......................... 25, 039, 044. 99 ............................. 35,676, 533. 66 .............................. 11,989, 703. 67 . -.- .. -.------------

136, 452, 634. 97 762, 080. 00 ""· '"'· 000. ()() I ,,,, 000. ()() 5&5, 406, 902. 00 .•... -•... - ... - . -.. -57,114,915. 00 ...• -.- ..... -.. ----.

803,446, 196. 86 3, 018,749. 00

2, 673, 56!, 657. 02 1 15, 130,829. 00

679,515,731.471.----.--------------

3,353,080,398.49 1 15, 130, 829. O:J

Increase ( + ~ or Total estimates, AEJ>ropriations, decrease (- 1922

fiscal year 1922. cal year 1922. estimates com-pared with 1922 appropriations.

$53, 029, 384. 00 $36, 404, 259. 00 $16,625, 125. 0() 699, 'Zl5, 502.93 346,703, 905. 80 352, 571,595. 13 11,983, M8. 94 9, 320,550.79 2, 657,29 .15 25, 039, 044. 99 19, 412, 412. 99 s, 625, 632. on 35, 676, 533. 66 8, 038, 017. 00 27,638, 516. 66 11,989,703.67 9, 761, 55!. 67 2, 228,149. OJ

137,214,714.97 110, 345, 018. 75 26, 859, 696. 22 265, 500, 000. 00 265, 500, 000. ()() ..................................... 585, 406, 902. 00 574,057, 552.00 11,349,350.00 57, 114,915. 00 15,250, 000. 00 41,864,915.0::1

806, 4&!, 945. 86 384, 196, 760. 41 422, 268, 1&5. 45

2, 688, 695, 496. 02 1, 778,995,032.41 909, 699, 463. 61

679,515,731.47 396,001,249.23 - 283, 514, 482. 24

3,368,211,227.49 1 2, 174,997,281. 6! -1,193,213,9-15.85

~%~:¥Z2Jli}jHi~~i~H~~~:H~~~~~:~~:H ::_ -----':!: ; -: ~~~~~~~~~~H~~~:~ -----Si:i ::- -----Si:i:~;-: ~:~m~~~~mH:j ~dian fnnds, and interest on same.................................. 23,475,000.00 .. ·················-~ 23,475,000.00 23,475,000.00 ~- ...••••.•••••••.••• Miscellaneous. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • • . . . 60, 896, 496. 00 . • . • • . . • • • . • • • . • . • . . 60, 896, 496. 00 liO, !'95, 496. 00 .............•.....• Increased com pen sa tion to certain employees ($240 bonus). . . . • . . . • . 35, 000, 000. 00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35, 000, 000. 00 35, ooo, 000. 00 .......•...•.....•••

Total, permanent and indefinite appropriations............... 1,335, 776,360.87 1-. ... . . ...... ... . ... 1,335, 776,360.87 1, 335, 776,36G. 87 1- .................. .

Miscellaneous, including S18,600,000for hos.pita ' facilitie3 ......•......................... J ................... -1-- ................. -I 20,000,000.00 I + 20,000,000.00

Grand total exclusive of deficiencies and including naval bill as j I I \ pasEed by House.................................................. 4,688, &55, 739.36 15,130, 82). OJ 4, 703,987,588.36 3, 530,773,642.51 -1,173,213,945.85

Deficiencies, 1921 and prior years.................................... 555,527,986.24 1-................... J 555, 5'rl, 986.24 J 'Z75, 256,005. 21 I - 280, 'r/1, 931.03

Orand total, including naval bill as passed by the House...... 5, 244, 384, 745. 60 J 15, 130, 829. 00 I 5, 259, 515, 574. 60 I 3, 806,029,647. 721 -1, 453,485, 926. 88

NAVAL APPROPRIATIONS.

Mr. MYERS. l\Ir. President, I regret very much that the naval appropriation bill failed of passage at the present ses­sion. I was very heartily in favor of it and intended to sup­port it when put upon its final passage, and did support it to the best of my ability in the preliminary stages. I think it unfortunate that this great measure failed of ·passage in the closing days of the session, and yet I desire to say in that con-

nection that I think everything humanly possible to effect the passage of the measure was done by the able Senator from ·washington [l\lr. Porl\TJ>EXTER], who was in charge of the bill, for the committee.

l\1r. LODGE. Mr. President, I am sorry to have to call atten­tion to the fact that there is so mueh conversation in the gal­leries that it is impossible to hear what is being said on the floor in the conduct of the business of the Senate. Occupants

4528 .CONGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. ~fARCH 4,

of the galleries are here as the guests of the Senate on this great occasion, and I think it is only fair that they should preserve the same order that is required on the floor.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair admonishes occu­pants of the galleries to cease audible conversation. Order will be preserY.ed if it is possible to do it.

Mr. :l\fYERS. Mr. President, the Senator who had charge of the naval appropriation bill on the floor of the Senate, the able Senator from ·washington [Mr. PoiNDEXTER], I think handled the bill in an unusually fair, able, statesmanlike, and eapable manner. He did everything that could have been done to pr.ocnre the passage of the bill at this session of Congress. No one could have done more or could hn.'\-e done better. He did all that was possible and did it in a perfectly fair way. I do not think that the failure of the measure to pass at this session will be of any consequence. I look for it to be passed early in the forthcoming special session, which we understand wm be called by the incoming President. I do not believe the short delay will result in any material consequence to the country. I believe at the coming special session the bill will par:. both branches of Congress in substantially the form in which it was recommended for passage by the Senate Com­mittee on Naval Affai.rs.

I merely take this occasion to make known my attitude on the bill and to pay a deserved but humble tribute to the ex~ ceptionally able manner in which it was handled by the Senator .from 'Vashington, who had the measure in charge on the floor of the Senate. The bill failed of passage through no fault of his. Failure of passage is due to circumstances oy-.er which he had no control and which could not have been pre>ented by him or anyone else. He did his duty ably and well, as he always does.

Mr. ASHURST. 1\Ir. President-'Tis not in mortals to command success, But we'll do more, Sempronius-we'll deserve it.

- The Senator from Washington [Mr. PornnEA.""'IER] deserved success on the naval bill, although it was beyond his power to command it. Had the Senate been permitted to vote, the naval appropriation bill would have passed by a majority of 10 to 1. ET"erything within the range of possibility that man could do or should do to pass the bill was done by the Senator from Washington, who was jn charge of that bill, and if our first line of defense has been impaired, no blame, no censure, can be laid at the door of the acting chairman of the Committee on Naval Affairs, the Senator from Washington [:Mr. POIN­DEXTER].

THE POSTAL SERVICE.

l\Ir. McKELLAR. Mr. Pt·esident, Judge MooN, a Member of tb.e House from Tennessee, representing the third congressional district of Tenaessee, has been despet·ately ill. Before his illness he prepared a statement on postal matters which he intended to place in the RECORD, but he has been confined to his home by illness for several weeks. I ask unanimous coru-ent that his statement may be printed in the RECORD as a part of my remarks.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection? Mr. TOWNSEND. I did not understand the request of the

Senator from Tennessee. Mr. McKELLAR. Some time ago Judge MooN, Representa­

ti-ve from the third congressional district of Tennessee, pre­pared a statement in reference to postal matters. He was former chairman of the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads of the House. By reason of his illness .he has never been able w present that to the House. I ask unanimous con­sent that it may be printed in the RECORD as a part of my remarks.

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection? The Chair hears none and it i.:; so ordered.

The matter referred to iS as follows: In March, 1913, after President ·wnson had announced his

Cabinet, 1\Ir. Samuel G. Blytl1e, one of the ablest newspaper writers in America, who had long enjoyed intimate association with our public men, thus acquiring knowledge of their personal tra.its and mental characteristics, wrote an article for The Satu1·day Evening Post, under the title "The Fighting P. M. G.," which dealt with the qualities of Hon. Albert Sidney Burle on. I have recently reread this article and, in the light of ~lr . Burleson's eight-year record as Postmaster <kneral of the United States, it discloses that Mr. Blythe is either a wonder­ful judge of charncter or he is possessed of some power as a seer and prophet. I take pleasure in making the article written by l\Ir. Blythe a part of my remarks.

THE FIGHTI~G P. M. G.

Inasmuch as they are really no more than sublimated clerks, most Ca.binet members are also human rabbits, scuttling into the grass every tllllli tbe Great Chief makes a noise like opPQsition to one of their timid

opinions. Likewise they are animated echoes and the most accomplished aggregation of agile agree-ers in the known world.

Their principal Une of official conversation runs like this: "Oh, cer­tainly, Mr. President; I indorse your plan heartily. It is a most able and patriotic solution of the matter. I congratulate you, and the country no less than you, that you have arrived at this wise and con­stitutional decision; but then you always do take so broad a view of these questions-rou always do ! " with the accent on the salve.

Roundly speakmg-or rectangularly, if you wish-though a great many of them are not on the square1 there are one hundred million people enjoying the beneficences of existmg and subsisting under the Star­Spangled Banner at a higher price per cap. for food :md raiment than a~most any other p~ople on earth ; and of these ninety-nine million rune h~dre!l and nmet:y-nine thousand nine hundred and ninety look on Cabmet JObs as places of great power and r-esponsibility. The t.cn who do not ordinarily view these places in that exalted light are the ten men who hold the said Cabinet jobs. They know, or will know pretty soon-the nine who went out on March fourth knew-and know­ing, .not a single one of them will dare proclaim for fear they' might be disconnected with the meter. Hence it is up to me.

Wherefore I desire to say that when it comes to power and responsi­bility, except when a goat is needed, Cabinet members are a total loss two ways: The first is bt'cause Presidents delegate no power, albeit they frequently shirk responsibilities; and the second is because the system in the departments these Cabinet members are supposed to run, runs the Cabinet members instead; and from that there is no escape. All this ~ew f?un~h of th~m are ~ow rapidlr on their way to cliscover that theu prmcmal duhes cons1st of lollmg comfortably in swlvel chairs, signiiU\' their names at the exact point designated by the chocolate eclair thumb of the dignified official messenger who brings in the documents from the subordinates, and giving the President a dinner once a Yesl.r. Of course they may think they do more than that. The system has perfected the procedure of al1ow1ng Cabinet members to think they are doing things, until it works without a flaw or a result, barring the thought.

HE'S GOOD-NJ.TIJRED--BUT BE CAREFUL.

However. that is not what I started out to proclaim. The theme of this syncopated sonata is a- certain happy warrior, by name Albert Sidney Burleson, of Austin, Tex., who is as mild-mannE-red a Texan as ever wore a string tie. He has a round and chubby face, a round and chubby Toice, and a round and chubbv disposition. He wouldn't hurt a fly, Albert Sidney wouldn't; but ·he'd take a wallop at an elephant in a minute and a half if said elephant got gay. Of course he has been in Congress for some 14 years; and there is nothing that tends to add rigor to the countenance so much as that experience. Nevertheless, the face of his still retains various beatific expresswns.

He looks like a good-natured citizen. which he is: but do not pre­sume on it too much. The facts concerning Albert Sidney BurlE-son are these: He totes more cold, hard courage to the square inch than 05 per cent of his political colleagues ; and by this circuitous route I make the allegation that there is one person in 1\lr. Wilson's Cabinet who will utterly refuse to play the rabllit role-one, at least, without prejudging the others in that noble band. It is a matter of common report that Mr. Wilson, being liberally supplied with the materials, can project a decisive jaw into a discusswn and say; "It must be done!" But he is not the only one round that Cabinet table who possesses this attribute.

You may not think Burleson bas one of those square jaws, and it fs true his does seem affable instead of angular ; but be not deceived. Here is a person who seems to beam at the world, but who can shut off the beams at a moment's notice and go out and make a tight for what he thinks is proper~ fight backed by a eourage that is cold­chilled and case-hardened. He has a good nerve. He wlll go to the mat. And it may not be amiss to say-merely in the spirit of con­jecture, of course--there may come a time when, instead of a com­plaisant postmaster general, there will be a clashing postmaster general, for Burleson certainly will fight when fightin~ is necessary, and he will not be abashed if his opponent should oe a President of the United States.

Not that he is a swashbuckler or looking for trouble. Even that celebrated Quaker, A. Mitchell Palmer, who couldn't be Secretary of War because his sect hates disturbance, has nothing on Burleson as a man of peace. But when trouble arrives A. S. Burleson is right there to meet it, and doesn't try to honey out of it any more than he en­deavors to horn in. The point is not that he is a fiabter. but that be will tight. He isn't to be scared, or intimidated, or blu.ffed, or abasheu. When he has set Ws mind as to the propriety and justice of a propo­sition he continues along those lines, regardless of opposition ot· travail.

I haven't been down to sec, as yet; but it is quite likely that at 8 o'clock-or maybe a shade before--on these mornings a rather tall and reasonably broad man, with a reddish complexion, a twinkle in his eye, and holding firmly to his chest an umbrella he has cia ped about the middle, may be observed entering the Post Office Department. (}f course the clerks will not be round for an hour or so later ; but I venture to state this wool-hatted and string-tied person can be !*en at the portals of that ~;reat building along about the time mentioned­to wit, 8 a. m. That will be thl' Ron. Albert Sidney Burleson. ro t­master General. Yon see, the P. M. G. is the original inspiration of that lyric about the virtues of the early-to-bed and early-to-rise method of accumulating wisdom, health, and legal tender-and be has them all.

NO WOXDER THEY BaRKED.

During his congressional days Burleson used to go to bed right after dinner, tying on his pajamas at 7 or half after, and taking along with him the books he wanted to read or the papers he wanted to study. He'd read or study for a time, and he was .up and at it again by 5 or thereabout. During the last presidential campaign he pPster.ed the life out of his somnolent colleagues when he was on the Wilson com­mittee by calling them on the telephone about 6 in the morning to ask how about things, be being up for the day at that time; and he never could understand why they barked at him for disturbing their rest at that unwholesome hour.

There is nothing that nppeals t.o Burleson so little as the social shle of life in Washinlrton. lie is a student and a worl.::er, and he has a

txoe~ 13f:n~~afo nidf~;ser~rin~a~~u~0~~~~. in¥~~drgfnff~v~h~0\;er01~0~ widely read man ; a well-informed man ; a solid, substantial, firmly grounded man; a serious, hardworking man-and altogether an able and admirable citizen.

Texas has been a member of the Union since 1845, and Burleson is the first Texan to bold a Cabinet position. Moreover, he is a real Texan, for he was born at San Marcos in that State in 1863. He is a lawyer and served as assistant city attorney for Austin for several

1921. CO:NGRESSION AL RECORD-SEN A~E. 4529 ;1·ears. · and as attorney for the twenty-sixth judicial district before he was e1ected to the Fifty-sixth Congress. Since that time he has been continuom;ly in the llouse of Representatives, and was reelected to the Sixty-third Congress, which is the present one. He has a J.?Ood­sizcd fortune, is an excellent speaker, and a good dcba~er. . He lS to be the political manager of this Administration, anu h1s friends say he is fitted for the place.

Burleson is a ltindly, companionable man, well liked by his colleagues and aumired for his turtly ability ; but his predominating character­istic is his detl'l·mined courage. He doesn't palter when ~; thinks .he is right, or try to be politic; h2 fights! As the poet said, 'Yhen fimt strikes steel, then comes the tug of war ;" and as a certam. person who will have a deal to do wlt.h this Cabinet is rather set in bis wa~s al ·o--in other words, Mr. Wilson-we may be happy yet1 for there lS nothing so satisfactory as a good Cabinet scrap. This 1S not a pre­diction. It is merely a prognostication.

In this article 1\Ir. Blythe says: You may not think Durleson ha.s one of those square jaws, and _it is

true h1s doe:; seem affable instead ot angular; but be not dece1ved. Here is a person who seems to beam at the world, but who c&n shut off the beams at a moment's notice and go out and make a fight for 'lfhat be thinks is proper--a fight backed by a courage ~bat is cold­chilled and case-hardened. lie has a good nerve. He w1U go to the mat.

¢ • - • * • * But when trouble arrives A. S. llurleson is right there to meet it,

nnc:l iloesn't try to honey out of it any nwre than be endeavors to horn in. The point is not that he is a fighter, but tbat he will fight. He lsn't to be scared, or intimidated, or bluffed, or abashed. When he has l'et his mind as to the propriety and justice of a proposition he con-tinues along those lines, regardless of opposition or travail. .

It is true, Mr. Speaker, that troubles did 3J."ise during Mr. Burleson's administration.

Troubles arose when he reached the conclusion that it was proper and right that there should be a readjustment of the parcel post rates and weights. The express companies fought as was natural, but regardless of their opposition Postmaster General Burleson readjusted parcel post rates and three times has decreased the rates and weight limits and the people of America now are sending approximately 2,000,000,000 parcels per annum through the mails instead of 331,000,000 when he took charge, and postal patrons have been saved millions of dollars in transportation charges while the postal revenul"s in­creased by many millions of dollars each year.

Trouble also arose when 1\Ir. Burleson reached the conclu­~-ion that it was proper and just to end the antiquated, obsolete, unscientific, and unfair system of paying for mail transporta­tion by rail upon a basis of quadrennial weighings of mail in the four sections of our country. Every railroad in Ametica fought as was natural. The contest raged for several years and once these interests were so influential that the Post Office appropriation bill was defeated in conference and the depart­ment for the first time in its history was opera ted for an en­tire year un{}er a " continuing resolution."

But regardless of their opposition the railroads are now no longer being paid for mail transportation under the so-called weight system but are being compensated upon the "space basis,, the Government paying for the space used and no more. Under the operation of this law -millions of dollars will be saved to the postal revenues.

Once more trouble arose when l\fr. Burleson reached the con­clusion that a dangerous and indefensible combine existed in the matter of the " screen wagon " service. Of course the self­ish interest involved fought when steps were taken to break the combine; but, regardless of such opposition after success­ful prosecution and conviction of the principal offenders, the combine was broken, the entire system changed, and hundreds of thousands of dollars annually sa"Ved to the Government.

Trouble again arose when l\Ir. Burleson reached the conclusion that the so-called pneumatic tube service, which carried less than one-quarter of 1 per cent of the mail in the five principal cities and \\hich for years had been milking the postal reve­nues, was a useless postal appliance, wholly inadequate for the purposes and service it should perform.

Of course the tube companies fought, but they were finally relegated to the serap heap of useless and worthless things, and the Government is ~aved the burden of a continuous drain of millions of dollars.

Again there was trouble when it becan1e apparent that an effort was to be made to remove lhe departmental force, includ­ing postmasters, from the baneful influence· of partisan poli­tics. Ev-ery spoilsman, whether Democrat or Republican, fought this reform and continues to fight, but reg-ardless of this opposition Mr. Burleson moved forward.

At the beginning of his administration the Postmaster Gen­eral found thut the important position of chief post-office in­spector, which was at one time in the classified civil service, had been taken out of it by an Executive order of date .January 4, 1910, and a mau \nthout the Postal Senice was given tllis very important nssigument. The Postmaster Gen­eral recommended at once that it be restored to the classified

service, and under date of l\fay 7, 1!)13, this administration showed its belief in the justice and propriety of recognizing merit and efficiency in the civil service by restoring the posi­tion to its former standing. The Postmaster General there­upon selected for the position a regular, classified, civil service employee, who had entered the service originally in a low­grade position, and after 2-5 years of meritorious and efficient work had demonstra.ted his fitness for the position of chief post­office inspector.

The inspectors' force is the only arm of the Postal Service where it becomes necessary to Imow the political affiliation of those who compose it. The reasons for this will readily sug­gest the,mselves. The inspectors are the eyes and ears of the Postmaster General, through whom he gains substantially all know.ledge of service conditions, and through whom he must receive information upon which conclusions are formed on which to base his action.

Through the inspectors come reports as to the conduct and efficiency of thousands of postal employees, and upon whicl1 in an cases where complaint ha.<:~ been made the retention or dis­missal of the employee depends. Frequently where comp1aint has been made the postal officer or employee by way of defense contends that partisanship is the sole basis thereof, and in order that there may be no chance for injustice, the practice has been to detail two inspectors of opposite political faith, so that the joint report submitted by such inspectors may make it as cer­tain as possible that considerations of partisanship shall not enter into or control the Postmaster General in any action that he may take; hence it is quite frequently necessary to have information as to the political affiliations of the members of the inspectors' force. It is true that if it were desired to use the great postal organization for partisan political purposes, the one arm of the service that could be used most effi.ectiYely would be the inspectors• force, members of which are to be found in every congressional district of the country. Consid­ering the power of life and death held in the hands of these officials O\er each postal employee within the territory falling under their jurisdiction, it can readily be seen how potential a factor the inspector could be made if those in power could bring themselves to use him for such a PUl1)0Se. Without ref­erence to what may or may not haYe been done in the past, the Postmaster General, when he came to the head of the Postal Establishment, had a :fixed purpose that the department per­sonnel should not be used for political purposes. There has been no shrinking from this purpose, but, on the contrary, it has been at all times and under all circumstances rigidly ad­hered to.

An investigation of the personnel of the inspectors' force at the beginning of the present administration disclosed that of the 395 inspectors then in the service, approximately 00 per cent of them were not only affiliated with one particula.~ political party but appnrently had been selected from one fac­tion of that party. Many States like lllississippi and Vermont had no representation in the inspectors' force, whereas many other States like Indiana and Ohio had more than their just quota of representation therein. This may have been acci­dental, or it may have been the inevitable result of the con­tinued control of one political party for a long term of years; but, whatever the reason or causes that brought about this condition, it existed, as has been stated. Of course, such con­ditions should not be permitted to continue. The Postmaster­General could not with fairness to the membership of the in­spectors' force effect at once a change of the· conditions re4

ferred to. He reached the determination, however, that the best interests of the service required that this inspectors' force be fairly apportioned between the States, each to receive with­out reference to whether it was a certain or a doubtful political State its just quota, and that the whole number of inspectors should be equally divided between the political parties. Onca determined upon, this policy was conscientiously adhered to and faithfully carried out. As l.as been stated, it could uot be done at once, but as vacancies occurred through deaths, resignations, removals, and reassignn1ent, the positions were :filled in strict conformity with this policy. In order that no injustice should be done to any inspector in the force by sudden or arbitrary action, it required nearly four years before the desired result could approximately be brought about. Finally, on Febuary 16, 1917, the President. at the request of the Post­master General, issued an Executive order to the following effect:

Hereafter, jn filling vacancies in the force of post-office inspectors, the Postmaster General shall apportion them by States, based as nearly as possible upon population as determined by the last decen­nial census. . The force shall also be apportioned fairly between the political parties, nnd advan~ement in the service shall be based upon merit.

4530 CONGRESSION A.L RECOR.D-SEN ATE. ~lARCH 4,

To-day, under Executiye order, every vacancy occurring in a postmastersbip, whether of fourth, third, second, or first class, is filled by appointment made as a result of examinations by the Civil Service Commission, and this Executive order has been honestly and courageously observed and the records will substantiate this assertion.

Trouble arose also when during tbe World War the duty was imposed on the Postmaster General to deny the use of the mails to eertain newspapers and magazines. Action was promptly taken to enforce this law, and, notwithstanding the vigorous criticliim of a few journalists who claimed to see in it the sup­pression of a free press, the law was rigidly enforced. That no arbitrary or autocratic action was taken under the law is conclusively demonstrated by tbe action of the courts, which upheld in all instances the action taken by the Postmaster

· General. ~'rouble arose when Mr. Burleson reached the conclusion

early in his administration that organizations of Government employees should not be affiliated with outside labor organiza­tions contending as he does that when a citizen enters Gov­ernm'ent employ, whether State, city, or Federal, he owes it an undivided allegiance, and urged legislation to meet this situation.

When during the war the telephone and telegraph systems were placed under his control and demands were made for blanket increases in wages being paid these hundreds of thou­sands of employees, Mr. Burleson declined to take such action. In specific cases where employees were underpaid be gave increases but there he stopped. Upon the authorization of ConO'ress' the wire systems were restored to their respective own~rs in as good physical condition as when taken over by the Government, and with their values as going properties un­impaired.

For 30 years Postmasters General ha>e recognized that the second-class postage rate was grossly inadequate and that under the operation of the rate as fixed by the then existing law a subsidy in effect, was being paid newspaper and magazine O\Yners 'at the expense of other users of the mails. This sub­sidy finally exceeded $70,000,000 per annum.

Mr. Burleson reached the conclusion that his predecessors were right in their recommendation for an increase of this second-class postage rate. Having reached that conclusion it meant more than mere recommendation on his part. It meant action. Of course, newspaper and magazine owners fought the increase. Such action on their part was to be expected, but regardless of opposition the second-class postage rate was increased and when the full force of the law making the in­crease is effective t.he postal revenues will be increased approxi­mately $20,000,000 per annum. This is less than one-third of the subsidy long enjoyed by these favorites of the Government, and the Postmaster General has again urged a further increase in these rates.

It goes without saying that when an honest, earnest effort is made to eliminate waste, extravagance, or even graft, from any governmental establishment it means trouble for the official who undertakes it. Postmaster General Burleson has been taught to believe in economy in the expenditure of public money. li'or years he was a Member of this body and during his service on the Committee on Appropriations he was schooled along these lines. Early during his administration as Postmaster General it became known by all its 300,000 employees that efficient postal service was to be the first consideration; that waste, idleness, or extravagance would not be tolerated. From these rules of conduct there has been during eight years no deviation. And notwithstanding criticism, abuse, and denunciation, it has been along these lines that the multifarious activities of this great department have been con­ducted. As a result, for the six years during which the party to which he belonged was in complete control, he conducted the affairs of the department on a self-supporting basis, and but for the change of party control, would have continued so to the end of his term.

Mr. Speaker, I have outlined in brief the outstanding policies of 1\Ir. Burleson's administration as Postmaster General. The question arises, Are these policies sound, and should they be adhered to? It is easy for any honest man of ordinary intelli­gence to answer this question for himself. It was Thomas Jefferson who said: "A public officer who is fit for his office, and does his duty, has nothing to fear from a hostile press." It was Andrew Jackson who said: "A public official who has nothing to conceal has nothing to fear." ·

To those of us who served with Mr. Burleson in this body and know the man it is easy for us to understand that so far as he is concerned he is content to stand by the record made.

I have often disagreed with Mr. Burleson on measures of legislation, when he was a Member of this body, but I always found him an open, straightforward antagonist. I know from personal experience that l\Ir. Burleson is an open, frank, and candid man; that he never misleads or deceives. ·while a man of positi>e convictions and tenacious in support of his own views, he is tolerant of the opinions and convictions of others though not in accord with his own. He is a fair fighter. He never strikes below the belt. The eight years' service of l\Ir. Burleson as Postmaster General is an epoch in the postal history of our country. Measured by the reforms established in the service, by the beneficial changes in administrative de~ tail, by the extensions of the service, and by the economies effected, reducing the costs of such extensions and service, thi:; administration is without n parallel in our country's history.

ORDER OF BUSINESS. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question still is upon the

pending amendment proposed by the committee to the naval appropriation bill.

Mr. HEFLIN and Mr. KING addressed the Chair. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Alabama. 1\Ir. KING. I was about to suggest the absence of a quorum;

but I will yield to the Senator from Alabama. HON. ASLE J. GRONNA.

l\Ir. HEFLIN. Mr. President, in a few moments this session of Congress will pass into history. I join in all the good wishes that have been expressed this morning for the Senator from. Colorado [l\Ir. THOMAS] and the Senator from Oregon [l\Ir. CHAMBERLAIN], but I wish to say a word about a Republican Senator who is going out of this Chamber to-day.

For many years I was a member of the Committee on Agri­culture in the House of Representatives. The Senator to whom I refer has been chairman of the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry of the Senate. 'Ve have been drawn together on a number of occasions in the discussion of matters pertaining to agriculture.

I want to say for this great and good Senator as he retires from this Chamber that in my service of 16-i years in Congress I have known no man who was a better friend to the farmers of the country or who has devoted more of his time and his splen­did talents to the welfare of agriculture than has the Senator from North Dakota [Mr. GRONNA].

Whether a measure affected the farmers of the North or the farmers of the South, he was always enthusiatic in his support of it. My good wishes go with him and I am sure the good wishes of the Senate will follow him into private life back into the State of North Dakota. In his retirement the whole agricul~ tural industry of the United States has lost an able and faithful friend. [Applause.]

Mr. McCUMBER. lUr. President, I am more tban gratified to have this tribute paid to my colleague [Mr. GRONNA] by a. Member of the other· side of the Chamber. Senator GnoNN A. during his service in the House and in the Senate for all of these years has been a most faithful and earnest laborer for the interests of the great Northwest, of which he was a product, and which he has most faithfully represented. Ours is a purely agricultural State; the entire Northwest, the section in part represented by him, is purely an agricultural section, and I know of no Senator or Representative in the Congress of the United States who has given more faithful and earnest and. to my mind, effective service for the interests of tbe great agricultural Northwest than has my colleague.

I thank the Senator from Alabama for his expressed state­ment to that effect, showing that esteem for his good work is held not alone on this side of the Chamber but on both sides.

SENATORS BECKHAM, HENDERSON, AND GAY.

l\Ir. TOWNSEND. l\Ir. President, it is not necessary that I or any other Senator should call particular attention to the three retiring Senators from the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. They ha-ve made their records here, and they have been good records. Not many Senators make or desire to make spectacular records. They are content to do tbeir duty well. These three Senators are among the modest and yet the most useful. I can not, however, sit in silence lest the meu­tion of otber useful Senators might seem invidious. I feel it is not only my duty, but it is my great pleasure, to say how much I appreciate the services of the Senator from Kentucky [l\Ir. BECKHAM], the Senator from Nevada [Mr. HENDERSON], and the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. GAY].

The work of the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads is not spectacular, and yet it is of the utmost importance to the country. It is a committee whose work touches more closely, possibly, the people of the United States than that of any otber

1921. CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-SEl~ATE. 4531 committee, because. the agency through whicll it operates goes into every community. I pm·sonally owe an esp~ial debt of gratitude to these Senators foF the services whieh they haYe rendered on this committee. I know they are gentlem.~n. of t!u~ most sterling character; I know they ha\e been devoted to the public service, ~nd have ·been performing patriotically and well their duties to the. people, I hope that theixo constituents t~n~er-­stand the WQl'th E>f these men as well as I do. 1\ly a soc1atwn with them in committee work and in the Senate has been most pleasant~ and I shall miss them. Tbese Senatol'S hav~ not been kru>wn for their much speaking, but witht:>ut such us they the legislativs ability of the Senate would be yery small.

I .say this, l\Ir. President, I repeat~ not because I think it is necessary or that any wc1·ds of mine can ac1d to their reputation or to their splendid records, but I say it beeause I feel it is proper tllat I should say it in order to express the Yiews of the members of the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads anu of eY€l'Y SenatQ.l' here who has had close legislath·e association with them. I hoJ?e sincerely~and in that hope I know I am expressing the Yiews of my colleagues~that these SenatofS will enjov health. happiness, and prosperity in whatever positions of life they lllil.Y occupy. If the good wi hes and the prMound respect of their colleagues are of anr aYuil they wilt [Ap~ pla\Jse.]

HO~. E]j)WARD J. G 1;.

l\1r. RA~SDELL. l\1r. President, I "·ish to thank the dis­tinguished Senator from l\Iichigan for the tril:mte which he with so much eloquence has _paid to my colleague, Senator GA.Y, who is retiring from the Senate to~ay, and I am happy to say of l'l.ls own nilition, for he was not a candidate for reelection.

Louisiana feels that she has suffered a great loss in having Senator GAY retire from the Senate, and I am sure his col­leagues in this body, who. have served with him and learned to know· him well, ·will join with Louisiana in regretting that he has decidetl to leave public life. Not only has Senator GAY perforiDEXt inYaluable services as a member of the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads, but also as a member of the great Approp.Fiations Committee, which deals so closely and in such an important way with the interests of Louisiana and of the Nation.

I ao-ain thank the Senator from Michigan for llis deserved tribut~ to an honored and beloYed Senator of Louisiana. [Ap­plause.]

JOI~T COJ\Il\ITTTEE O:N PRINTING.

The YICE PRESIDENT. In accordance with the require­ments of law, it being the duty of the Vice President to make an appointment upon the Joint Committee on Printing to fill the vacancy occurring by the expiration of the term of the Sena­tor from Arizona [l\lr. S::u:rTH], the Chair appoints the Senator from Arkansas [l\Ir. lloBrxsoN] as a member of the joint com­mittee.

OTIDEl~ OF' Bt:SI~ESS.

The VICE PRESIDEXT. Tbe question is on agreeing to the amendment on pa.ge 11.

l\lr. KING. If a yote is asked for, I shall suggest the absence of a quorull1.

The VICE PRESIDENT. For the first time in eight years. the Chair- will count a quorum.

l\lr. KING. Then, I presume the Chair, following tha~ yery consistent ruling, will decline to submit the amendment for con­~i<leration.

The VICE PRESIDENT. Ile will. BE€ESS.

1\lr. LODGE. I mo->e that the Senate take a recess for 15 minutes.

The motion -wa.s agreed to, and (at 11 o'clock and 30 minutes p. m.) the Senate took a recess until 11 :45 a. m., when it re­assembleet.

MESSAGE FllO"'I THE HOUSE.

A message from the House of Representati>es, by D. K. Hempstead, its enrolling clerk, announced that a committee of three 1\le:r;;nbers had been, appointed by the Speaker of the House to join a similar committee to be• uppoi.n.ted b.y the Senate, to. wait on the President of the Uuited States and inform him. that the two Houses are reudy to adjourn unless the President has some communication to make to them, and that it had appointed Mr. :Mo~DELL, Mr. FoRDNEY, and Mr. GARnETT as the committee on the part of the House.

The message also announced that the House had agreed to the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 8032) to pro\ide for the erection of memorials and the entombment of bodies in the Arlington 1\Iemo.rial Ampitheater, in Arlington N3.tional Cewetery, Virginia.

E~ROLLED IliLL SIG~ED. The message- further announced that the Speaker of the

House had signed the enrolle<} bill (II. R. 8032) to provide for the erecting of memorials and the entombment of bodies in the Arlington Memorial Ampitheater, in .Arlington Xational Ceme­tery, Virginia, which was thereupon signed bj t~e Vice Presi­dent.

1'\0TITlC- TIO:X TO TliE Pr..E.SIDE...._T".

1\Ir. LODGE submitted the following resolution (S. Res. 475), which was considered by unanimous consent and agreed to:

Resollfed, That a committee of two Senators be appointed by the Yice President to join a similar committee appointed by the Ho-use of Repre­sentatives to. wait upon tbe President of the United States and inform him that the two Uouses. hn,ving completed the business of the present session, are ready to adjourn unles& the President has some other com­munication to. make to them.

The VICE PRESIDENT appoiute<l Mr. LOJ.>GE and Ur. UND~R­W"OOD as the committee on the part of the Senate to wait upon the. President of the United Stutes.

PRESrDL"""TUL. AP:PROV A.J.S.

A message from the President of the United States, bs MF. ShaJ.'key,. one of his secretalies, announced that the President had this d_ay signed and app:rove(l the following b-ills and joint resolutions :

S. 15.51. An act t() amend an act ap.proved March 3, 1891, in­corporatmg the National Conser>atOl'y of l\Iusic of America;

S. 4310. An act to amend an act entitled " The New l\Iexico Enabling Act";

S. 4332'~ An act to. exchange the present Federal building and site at Gastonia, N. C., fot· a new site and building;

S. 4664. An act to amend the first pc.'lragraph of section 20. of the act of Congress approved July 17, 1916, known as the Fetl­eral farm loan act, as amended by the act of Congress ap­proyed April 20, 1920 ;

S. 48~. An a-ct to amend section 3 of an act entitled "An act to provide for the leasing of coal lands in tlle Territory of Alaska, and for othe.l' purpose ," approved October 2-t, 1914;

S, 4893.. An act to authorize the coinage of a 50-cent piece i'n commemoration of the one hundredth anni\""ers:wy of t}'}e admis­sion of Missom·i into the Union ;·

S. 1695 . .An act validating certain homestead entries; S. 3750. An act to amend an act entitled ".An act to pro,ide

for the settlement of the claims of officers and enlisted men of the .Army for the loss of prirnte property destroyed in the military service of the United States," approved March 3, 1885, as amended by the act of July 9~ 1918, und for other purposes;

S. 4511. An act authorizing the Secretary of War to grant a right of way oyer certain Government lands to the State of Qregon for the Columbia RiYer highway;

S. 4572. An act granting to the city and Coun.ty of Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii, a right of way over and across the Fort De Russy l\lilitary Reservation for the purpose of extending its sewer system ;

S. 4827. An act to a1.1thoxize the Secretary of War to furnish to the National Musewn certaiu articles of the arms, materiel, equipment, or clothing heretofore issued or produced for the United States Army, and to dispose of colors, standards, and guidons of demobilize<l organizutions o:t; the United States .Army, and for other purposes ;

S. 4003. An act to authorize the construction and mainte-­nance of a bridge across Detroit River within or near the city Umits of Detroit, Mich.;

S. 4924. An act to retrocede to the State of Virgln.ia exclusive jurisdiction heretofore acquired by the United States of America over the property and persons of the town. site o1• te.rritoty; known as United States Housing Corporation Project 150A. located in Norfolk County, State of Yit'ginJa, and called Qradock;

S. J .. Res. 233. Joint resolution giYing consent of the Congress. of tbe United States to the States of North Dakota, Soutli Dakota, Minnesota, \Vi.Sconsin,. Iowa, and Nebraska~ or any two or more of said States, to ugree upon. tbe jul.'isdiction to be­ex-ercised by said Stutes over b.ounda.ry waters. between any two or- more of said States; and

S. J. Res. 248. Joint resolution relieving aml discharging from the fine imposed by law and authoriZing the payment of mes­sengers appointed by the electors of certain States to deliver the electoral Yote of such States for President antl Yice President.

NOTIFICATIO~ TO THE PRESIDE.:s"T.

Mr. LODGE uncl Mr. UNDE.R\YOOD appeared, and 1\fr. LODGE· saicl :- ~Ir. President, the rommittee of the

ao.uses have seen the President aml informed him that the-

r

4532 OONGRESSION AL RECORD-SEN 1\_TE. 1\l.ARCH 4,

Houses had completed their work, and asked if he had any further communications to make to them. The President in­formed us that he had no further communication to make to Congress. ·

GUESTS OF THE SENATE. At 11 o'cloc.k and 45 minutes a. rn. the Assistant Door~~eeper

of tl:.e Senate (C. A. Loeffier) announced the Speaker of the House of Representa ti>es and the Members of the House of Representatives.

Tbe Speaker was escorted to a seat on the left of the \icc Pi·esident, aml the Members of the House occupied the seats reserved for them. •

A few minutes later the amba::::sadors extraordinary, envoys plenipotentiary, and ministers plenipotentiary, and charges d'affaires a<l interim to the United States were announced and escorted to the seats provided for them.

The General of the. Army of the United States, the Chief of Naval' Operations, the Chief of Staff of the United States Army, and the 1\Iajor General Command~nt of the Marine Corps were announced, respecti>ely, and shown to the seats assigned them.

The Chief Justice of the United States and the Associate Justices of tile Supreme Court of the United States were an­nounced unu escorted to the s€'ats pro>ided for them. . Soon thereafter the Sergea,nt at Arms (David s-. Bnrry) an­. nounced Calvin Coolidge, of Massachusetts, the Vice President elect, accompanied by the chairman and members of the Joint Committee on Arrangements, consisting of PHILANDER C. KNox, of Pennsyl>ania, chairman; KNUTE KELSO~, of Minnesota; LEE S. OvEIUIAN, of North Carolina; J. G. CAN ~oN, of Illinois; C. FRANK RE.A..YIS, of Nebraska, and CHAnLEs 1\I. STEDMAN, of North Carolina. . The Vice President elect was Eeated on the right of the Vice President.

Several minutes before noon the Sergeant at Arms announced Warren G. Harding, of Ohio, President elect of the United States, accompanied by the chairman and members of the Joint Committee on Arrangements, and the President elect was seated in the space in front of the Secretary's desk, the chairman and members of the Joint Committee on Arrange­ments occupying seats on either side.

ADMINISTRATION OF O.A..TII. The VICE PRESIDE~T administered the oath of office pre­

scribed by law to the Vice President elect. ADDRESS OF \"'CE PRESIDENT :MAI:SH.A..LL.

The VICE PHESIDEXT. Senators, very shortly I shall bav~ ·ended my ofticbl life as the constitutional presiding officer Jf this body. That moment, when it arrives, will not mark my demotion into the ranks of the average American citizen, for I never arose above them.

I sprang from the loins of men who helped to lay the founda­tions of the Republic. At my birth my father placed upon my baby brow the coronal of a free-born American citizen. In my youth I was taught that if I wore it worthily, no prince nor potentate nor electorate could add to or detract from the honot· of thnt royal coronet.

I may have failed but I have tried to keep the faith. I have never doubted that, so fur as the principles of civil government are concerned, the pillars of Hercules rest upon the Declara­tion of Independence and the Constitution of the United States. To my mind there is no beyond. The .forms under which the principles of the Repul1\ic are administered may need changes to meet changing conditions but the underlying idea does not, for truth is unchanging and eternal. What was so when the morning stars sang together will be so when the Angel of the Apocalypse appears. · I venture to e:~rpress this much of that idea: A government

dedicated to the inalienable rights of man to life, to liberty, and to the pursuit of happiness can find its perfect accomplishment only in representatives brave and strong enough to rise above the ambitions, passions, and prejudices of individuals and groups. Representati>e government \\as intended to guaranty these in­alienable rights of men through the enactment and enforcement of laws calculate<l to preserve and promote equal and exact jus­tice to all men. Religions die because priests mumble their creed but hnve no faith in their gods. Governments go to wreck because their statesmen shout aloud their shibboleths but let a friendly enemy pass the ford.

I freely grant the right of this people to change our form of govemment and to adopt other basic principles, but, if it is to be done, let it be done decently and directly so that all of us may know it. The old faith bas already too many sleek and smiling Joabs asking of it, "Is it well with thee, my brother?"

'Vhile the old order endures let representatives represent the old ~deals; let it be understood tllat they are not mere bell boys, subJect to calls for legislative cracked ice e>ery time the victims of a debauch of greed, gambling, or improvidence feel the fPver of frenzied need.

The life is more than meat and tile body more than raiment. It is of minor importance who holds the \\ealth of the Nation if the hearts of all its r;eople beat with true historic Americ:u throb. The clothes may mark but the clothes can not make the gentleman. The economic rehabilitation of America is of vast moment but the rehabilitation of the ancient· faith which up­held the ragged ContinEntals, emerged in pristine glory from the throes of civil war, and hurled its smiling and undaunterl face against the grim engines of tyranny upon the field~ t~f France, is a far greater work.

It is enough-perhaps too much. Who am I to suggest, eve·:l with shame-facetl timidity, anything to you? For eight long years, crowded with e>ents which have forever changed the currents of the world's history, I ha>e been with you. I come to the end of them with a feeling of heartfelt gratitude to you all for those little, nameless, unremembered acts of kind­n~ss and charity which have marked your friendship and. goo<l w:ll. You have be~n good to me. The odor of your friendship w~ll s'veete~ any mr ~hut. I may breathe. Not one of you can w1sh for htmsclf a kmdher fate than I would give you if I were omnipotent .

I go but you remain. I leave witl1 the same inarticulate cry in my soul with which 1 came to you: l\Iy country. It is no new nor unusual cry for the American, hut it has, I feat', myriad concepts. To some it means broad acres n.nd fertile field.s; to many, opportunity for personal preferment; to a thoughtless few, the right to utter every vagrant word which finds lodgment in a mind diseased; to the half educated, that democracy should be governed as soon by the .infant's cry as by the prophet's warning. But to me it is but the composite voice of nil tl1e good and wise · and self-sacrificing souls who trod or tread its soil, calling for that liberty which is law­encrowned., preaching that doctrine which seeks not its own but the common good and, above all, warning us by the memory of the dead and the hope of the unborn to close our ears to the mouthings of every peripatetic reformer who tells us that the way to sanctify the Republic is to remove every landmark which has hitherto marked the boundaries of national and individual life.

It is no new religion we need. Our creed shoul<l be: One Lor<l one faith, one baptism-the Lord of .Justice, who was wit1~ Washington at Valley Forge, Grant and Lee at Appomattox Pershing on the fields of France; the faith that under a re: publican form of government alone democracy permanently can endure; the baptism of that spirit which will not be content until no man is above the penalties and no man beyond the pro-tection of our laws. ·

Let him who goes and him who stays remember thnt he who sa>es his life at the loss of h1s country's honor loses it nnd he who loses his life for the sake of his country's honor, sa~es it. [Applause.]

And now, by virtue or the power in me Yested, I declare tht~ Senate of the Sixty-sixth Congress of the United States ad­journed sine die.

NOUINATIO~~S.

William R. Williams, of Virginia, to be Assistant Secretary of War, vice Benedict Crowell, of Ohio, resigned.

Gordon 'Voodbury, of New Hampshire, to be Assistant Secre­tary of the Navy, vice Il'ranklin D. Roosevelt, resigned.

THE 'VHITE HousE, December 7, 1920.

To the Senate ot the United. States: I nominate the following person to be a representative of the

Government of the United States to participate in an interna­tional conference to be held in Washington to consider all international aspects of communication by telegraph, telephone, cable. wireless telephone, and wireless telegraphy, and to make recommendations with a view to providing the entire world with adequate facilities for international communication on a fair and equitable basis :

Norman H. DaviR, of New York City. "WooDROW \YILSON.

To the CoMMITTEE oN FollEIGN RELATIONS.

C03FIRMATIONS. William R. Williams to be Assistant Secretary of War. Gordon ·woodbury to be Assistant Secretary of the Navy.

1921. CONGRESS! ON .A.IJ _ R,ECORD-HOlTSE. 4533

Norman H. Davis, of New York City, to be a representative of the Government of the United States to participate in an in­ternational conference to be held in 'Vashington to consider all international nf>pects of communication by telegraph, telephone, cable, wireless telephone, and wireless telegraphy, and to make recommendations v;ith a new of providing the entire world 'yith adequate facilities for international communication on a fair and equitable basis.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Frun.aY, March 4, 19131.

(Continuation ot lenislath:e day of Thursday, March 3, 1921.)

The recess lmving e_.pired (at !)_30 a. m. March 4) the House was called to order by the Speaker.

RECESS. 1\lr. l\10XDELL. 1\lr. Speaker, I move that the House stand

in rf'cess until 10.30. The motion was agreed to; accordingly {at 9 o'clock and 3~

minutes a. m.) the House stood in recess until 10.30. The recess· having expired (at 10.3.0 a. m.) the House was

called to order by the Speaker.

wrought. We ::::ense the call of the human heart for fe11owship, fraternity, and cooperation. 'Ve crave friendship and harbor no hate. But America, our America, the America builded on the foundation laid by the inspired fathers, can be a party to no permanent military alliance. It can enter into no political commitments, nor assume any economic obligations whic.h will subject our decisions to any other than our own authority.

I am sure our own people will not misunderstand, nor will the world misconstrue. · We have no thought to impede the paths to closer relationship. 'Ve wish to promote understanding. We want to do our part in making offensive warfare so hateful that Governments and peoples who resort to it must prove the right­eousness of their cause or stand as outlaws before the bar of ci vi I iza tion.

.ASSOCIATION FOll CCUXSEL.

Y'i'e are ready to associate ourseh-es with the nations of the world, great and small, for conference, for counsel ; to seek the expressed views of world opinion; to recommend a way to approximate disarmament and relieve the crushing burdens of military and naval establishments. We elect to participate in suggesting plans for mediation, conciliation. ancl arbitration,

, and would gladly join in that expressed conscience of progress which seeks to clarify and write the laws of international rela­tionship, and establish a world court for the disposition of such justiciable questions as nations are agreed to submit thereto. In expressing aspirations, in seeh-ing practical plans, in translat-

PRINTI~G Ol! TIIE INAUGURAL ADDRESS. ing humanity's new concept of righteousness and justice and its Mr. l!~ESS. l\lr. Speaker, soon after 12 o'clock to-day the hatred of war into recommended action we are ready most ·

inaugural address of President elect Haruing will be delivered. heartily to unite, but every commitment must be made in the I have read the address and ''ish to say to my colleagues that exercise of our national sovereignty. Since freedom impelled, it is of_ a very high order and will take rank with the best I and indep~ndence inspired, arid nationality exalted, a world utterances delivered on such historic occasions. At this moment supergovernment iS contrary to everything we cherish and can of world stress it marks a full comprehension of the pressing I have no sanction by our Republic. This is not selfishness, it is vroblems and stamps its author as a great American. It shouhl sanctity. It is nof aloofness, it is security. It is not suspicion have a permanent place in our REcoRD. I therefore ask unani- of others, it is patriotic adherence to the things which made us 111ous consent to print it in the ltEcor.D. what we are. .

The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Ohio asks unanimous To-day, better than ever before, we know the aspirations of consent. to extend his remarks in the REcom> by publishing tlle humankind, and share them. \Ve have ~.:owe to a new realiza­inaugural address of President elect Harding. Is there objec- tion of our place iri the world and a new appraisal of our Nation tion ·1 rAfter u pause.] The Clntir hears none. by the world. The unselfishness of these United States i~ a

The President's inaugural address is as follows: thing proven; um· deYotion to peace for ourselves and tor the I~AUGURAL ADDRESS oF PRESIDENT WARREN a. HARDING. world is well established; our concern for preseryed civilization

1\lY co~TRY:MEN: "\Yhen one sun-eys the world about him has had its impassioned and heroic expression. 'l'here was no after the great storm, noting the• marks of destruction and yet American failure to resist the attempted reversion of civiliza­rejoicing in the ruggedness of the things which withstood it, tion; there will be no failure to-day or t9-~orrow. if he is an American he breathes the clarified· atmosphere with REsTs o~ .PoroLAn WILL. a strange mingling of regret and new b.ope. \Ve have seen a The suecess of our popular government rests wholly upon the world passion spend its fury, but we cc-ntewplate our Republic correct interpretation of the deliberate, inteltigent, dependable unshaken, and hold our civilization secure. Liberty-liberty popular will of America. In a deliberate questioning of a sug­within the law-·and civilization are inseparable, and though gested change of national policy, where internationality was to both were threatened we find them now secure; and there comes supersede nationality, we turned to a referendum, to the 1""-mer­to Americans the profound assurance th:U our representative ican people. There was ample discussion, and there is a public government is the highest expression and surest guaranty of mandate in manifest understanding. both. · America is ready to encourage, eager to initiate, anxious to

Standing in this presence, mindful o~ the solemnity of this participate in any seemly program likely to lessen the proha­occasion, feeling the emotions "~hlch no one may know until bility of war and promote that brotherhood of mankind which he senses the great weight of responsibility for himself, I mu"3t be God's highest conception of human relationship. He­must utter my belief in the divine inspiration of the founding cause we cherish ideals of justice and peace, because we up­fathers. Surely there must have been God's intent in the mak- praise international comity and helpful relationship no lPss ing of this new-world Republic. Ours is an organic law which highly than any people of the worlu, we aspire to a high place had but one ambiguity, and we saw that effaced in a baptism in the moral leadership of civilization, and we hold a main­of sacrifice and blocd, with union maintained, the Nation su- tained America, the proven republic, the unshaken temple of premc, and its concord inspiring. We have seen the world representati>e democracy, to be not only an inspiration and rivet its hopeful gaze on the great truths on which the founders example, but the highest agency of strengthening good will wrought. \Ve have seen civil, humi.m, and religious liberty and promoting accord on both continents. verified and glorified. In the beginning the Old World scoffed Mankind needs a world-wide benediction of understanding. at our experiment; to-day our foundations of political and so- It is needed among individuals, among peoples, among gov­cial belief stand unshaken, a precious inheritance to ourselves, ernments, and it will inaugurate an era of good feeling to an inspiring example of freedom and civilization to all man- mark the birth of a new order. In such understanding men • kind. Let us express renewed and strengthened devotion, in will strive confidently for the promotion of their better · rei a­grateful reverence for the immortal beginning, and utter our tionships and nations will promote the comities so essential to confidence in the supreme fulfillment. · . peace.

PUOGllESS PllOVES WISDOM.

The recorded progress of our Republic, material1y and spirit­ually, in itself proves the wisdom of the inherited policy of non­involvement in Old World affairs. Confident of our ability to work out our own destiny, and jealously guarding our right to do so, we seek no part in directing the destinies of the Old World. We do not mean to be entangled. We will accept no responsi­bility except as our O\V1l conscience and judgment, in each in­stance, mny determine.

Our eyes never will be blind to a developing menace, our ears never c1e::tf to the call of civilization. 'Ve recognize the new order in the world, with the closer contacts which progress has

TRADE TIES BIXD CLOSELY.

\Ve must understand that ties of trade bind nations in closest intimacy, and none may receive except as be gives. \\'e have not strengthened ours in accordance with our resourcP!'; or ou1· genius, notably on our own continent, where a galaxy of He­publics reflect the glory of new-world democracy, but in the new order of finance and trade we mean to promote enlarged activities and seek expanded confidence.

Perhaps we can mnke no more helpful contribution . by ex­ample than prove a Hepublic's capacity to emerge from the wreckage of war. "\Vhile the world's emb:ttered travail did nn~ leave us devastated lands nor desola:ted cit:es. left no gapwg

4534 CONG.RESSION ~t\.Ij RECORD-HOUSE. ~IA.Rc~ 4,

w01mcls, no breast \Vith hate, it did in\olve us in the delirium of expenditure, in expan(led currency and credits, in unbalanced indurtry, in unspeakable waste, and disturbed relationships. While it uncovered our portion of hateful selfishness at home, it also revealed the heart of America as sound ancl fearless, and beating in confidence unfailing.

Amid it all we have riveted the gaze of all civilization to the unsel:fisbne s und the righteousness of representative democ· racy, where our freedom never has made offensive warfare, never has sought territorial aggrandizement through force, never has turned. to the arbitrament of arms until reason has been exhausted. When the Governments of the earth shall llave established a freedom like our own and shall have sane· tioned the pursuit of peace as we have practiced it, I believe the last sorrow and tile final sacrifice of international warfare will have been \Yritten.

Let me speak to the maimed and wounded soldiers who are present to-d.ay, and through th.em convey to their comrades the gratitude of the Republic for their sacrifices in its defense. A g-enerous country will never forget the services yon rendered, and you may hope for a policy under Government that will relieve any maimed successors from taking your places on an· other such occasion as this.

OCR SCPREliiiE TASK.

Our supreme task is the resumption of our onward, normal way. Reconstruction, readjustment, restoration-all these must follow. I would like to hasten them. If it will lighten the spirit and add to the resolution with which we take up the task, let me repeat for our Nation, we shall give no people just cause to make war upon us; we hold no national prejudices; we enter­tuin no spirit of revenge; we do not hate; we do not covet; we dream of no conquest, nor boast of armed prowess.

If, despite this attitude, war is again forced upon us, I earnestly hope a way may be found which will unify our,indi· ndual and collective strength and consecrate all America, ma­terially and spiritually, body and soul, to national defense. I can vision the ideal republic, where every man and woman is called under the flag for assignment to duty for whatever serv­ice, military or civic, the individual is best fitted; where we may call to universal service every plant, agency, or facility, all in the sublime sacrifice for country, and not one penny ot war profit shall inure to the benefit of pri\ate individual, corpo· ration, or combination, but all above the normal shall flow into the defense chest of the Nation. There is something inherently wrong, something out of accord with the ideals of representa· tive democracy, when one portion of our citizenship turns its activities to private gain amid defensive war while another is fighting, sacrificing, or dying for national preservation.

U::UTY Oll' SPIIUT Al\"D PURPOSE.

Out of such unive·rsal service will come a new unity of spirit and purpose, a new· confidence and consecration, which would make our defense impregnable, our triumph nssured. Then ·we should have little or no disorganization of our economic, in­dustrial, and commercial systems at home, no staggering war debts; no swollen fortunes to flout the sacrifices of our soldiers, no- excuse for sedition, no pitiable slackerism, no outrage of treason. 'Envy and jealousy would have no soil for their men­acing development, and revolution would be without the passion which engenders it.

A regret for the mistakes of yesterday must not, however, blind us to the tasks of to-day. War never left such an after· math. There has been staggering loss of life and measureles9 wastage · of materials. Nations are still groping for return to stable ways. Discouraging indebtedness confronts us like all the "·ar-torn nations, and th~se obligations must be provided for. No Civilization can survive repudiation.

\\e· can reduce the abnormal expenditures, and we will. \Ye can strike at war taxation, and we must. We must face the

· grim necessity, with full knowledge that the task is to be solved, and Y~·-e must proceed with a full realization that no statute enacted by man can repeal the inexorable laws of nature. Our most dangerous tendency is to expect too much of gov­ernment, and at the same time do for it too little.

\Ye contemplate the immediate task pf putting our public household in order. We need a rigid and yet sane economy, combined with fiscal justice, and it must be attended by indi­v'idual prudence and thrift, which are so essential to this trying hour and reassuring for the future.

REFLECTI{)!i OF WAlt'S REACTIO:<i.

The business world reflects the disturbance of war's reaction. Herein flows the lifeblood of material existence. The economic mechanism if!! intricate and its parts interdependent, and it }las suffered the shocks and jar~ incident to abnormal demands,

credit ·inflations, and price upheavals. The normal balances have been impaired, the channels of distribution have been clogged. the relations of labor and management have been strained. 'Ye must seek the readjustment with care and cour· age. Our p-eople must give and take. Prlces must reflect the receding fever of war activities. Perhaps we never shall know the old levels of wage again, bec&,use war invariably readjusts compensations, and the necessaries of life will show their in· separable relationship, but we must strive for normalcy to reach stability. · All the penalties will not be light, nor evenly distrihuted. There is no way of ma1.-1ng tl.lcm so. There is no instant step from disorder to order. We must face a condition of grim reality, charge off our losses and start afresh. It is the oldest lesson of civilization. I would like government to do all it can to mitigate; then, in understanding, in mutuality ot interest, in concern for the common good, our tasks will be solved. No altered system will work a miracle. A:ny wild experiment will only add to the confusion. Our best assurance lies in efficient administration of our proven system.

FUOll DESTRUCTIO~ TO PRODCCTIOX.

The forward course of the business cycle is unmistakable. Peoples are turning from destruction to production. IndustrY has sensed the changed order and our own people are turning to resume their normal, onward way. The call is for productiYe America to go on. I know that Conriress and the Administra­tion will favor every wise Government policy to aid the resump­tion and encourage continued progress.

I speak for administrative efficiency, for lightened tux bur, dens, for sound commercial practices, for adequate credit facilities, for sympathetic concern for all agricultural problems, for the omission of unnecessary interference of Goyernment with business. for an end to Government's experiment in busl~ ness, and for more efficient business in Government administra· tion. With all of this must attend a mindfulness of the human side of all activities, so that social, industrial, and economic justice will be squared with the purposes of a righteous people.

With the nation-wide induction of womanhood into our politl~ cal life, we may count upon ber intuitions, her refinements, her intelligence, and her influence to exalt the social order. \Vo count upon her exercise of the full privileges and the perform­ance of the duties of citizenship to speed the attainment of the highest state.

PRAYER FOR q'DGSTUUL PE.lCE.

I \vish for an America no less alert in guarding against d..'ln· gers from within than it is watchful against enemies from without. Our fundamental law recognizes uo class, no group, no section; there must be none in legislation or administration. The supreme inspiration is the co.mroou weaL Humanity hungers for international peace, .and we crave it with all man. kind. My most reverent prayer for America is for industrial peace, with its rewards. widely and generally distl'ibuted, ami<l the inspirations of equal opportunity. No one justly may deny the equality of opportunity which made us what we are. \Ve have mistaken unpreparedness to embrace it to be a challenge of the reality, and due concern for making all citizens fit for participation will give added strength of citizenship and mag. nify our nchievemcn t.

If revolution insists upon overturning es tablishe<l order, let other peoples make the tragic e~eriment. There is no placo for it in America. When \Vorld War threatened civilization we pledged our resources and our lives to its preservation, and when revolution threatens we unfurl the flag of law and order and renew our consecration. Ours is a constitutional freedom where the popular will is the law supreme and minorities are sacredly protected. Our revisions, reformations, and evolutions reflect a d~llberate judgment and an orderly progress, and we mean to cuTe our ills, but never destroy or permit destruction by force. · .

I had rather submit our industrial controversies to the confer­ence table in advance than to a settlement table aftel· conflict and suffering. The earth is thirsting for the cup of good will. understanding is its fountain source. I would like to acclaim an era of good feeling amid ·dependable prosperity an<l all the blessings which attend.

PROTECTIO~ OF l.:XD'CSTna:s.

It has been proved again and again that we can not, while throwing our markets open to tbe world, maintain American standards of living ancl opportunity, and hold our industrial eminence in such unequal competition. There is a luring fallacy. in the theory of banished barriers o! trade, but preserved Ameri­can standards require our higher production costs to be reflected in our tariffs on imports. To-day~ as never before, when peoples are seeking trade restoration and expansion, we must adjust

1921. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4535

our tariffs to the new order. We seek participation in the world's exchanges, because therein lies our way to widened influence and the triumphs of peace. \Ve know full well we can not sell where we do not buy, and we can not sell success· fully where we do not carry. Opportunity is calling not alone for the restoration, but for a new era in production, transporta· tion nnd trade. \Ve shall answer it best by meeting the demand of a surpassing home market, by promoting self-reliance in pro· duction, and by bidding enterprise, genius, and efficiency to carry our cargoes in American bottoms to the marts of the world.

A); AMERICA OF HOl\IES.

\Ve would not have an America living within and for herself alone. but we "·ould haYe her self-reliant, independent, and ever nobler, stronger. and richer. Believing in our higher standards, reared through constitutional liberty and maintained opportu· nity, we invite the world to the same heights. But pride in things wrought is no reflex of a completed task. Common welfare is the goal of our national endeavor. \Vealth is not inimical to welfare; it onght to be its friendliest agency. There never can be equality of rewards or possessions so long ns the human plan contains Ya~:ied talents and· differing degrees of industry and thrift, but ours ought to be a country free from great blotches of distressed poverty. \Ve ought to find a way to guard against the perils and penalties of unemployment. We -want an America of homes, illumined with hope and happiness, where mothers, freed from the necessity for long hours of toil beyond their own doors, may preside as befits the hearthstone of American citizen­ship. We want the cradle of American childhood rocked under conditions so \Yholesome and so hopeful that no blight may touch it in its development, and we want to pro•ide -that no selfish interest, no materi:ll necessity, no lack of opportunity shall pre­vent the gaining of that education so essential to best citizenship.

There is no short cut to the making of these ideals into glad realities. The world bas witnessed again and again the futility and the mischief of ill-considered remedies for social and eco­nomic disorders. But we are mindful to-day as never before ot the friction of modern ·industrialism, and w·e must learn its causes and reduce its evil consequences by sober and tested methods. Where genius bas made for great possibilities, justice and happiness must be reflected in a greater common welfare.

SERVICE, THE SUPREME COM:IIITME~T.

Service is the supreme commitment of life. I would rejoice to acclaim the era of the Golden Rule and crown it with the autocracy of service. I pledge an administration wherein all the agencies of Go•ernment are called to serve and ever pro· mote an understanding of Go-vernment purely as an expression of the popular will.

One can not stand in this presence anu be unmindful of the tremendous responsibiiity. The world upbeaYal has added heavily to our tasks. But with the realization comes the surge of high resolve, and there is reassurance in belief in the God­given destiny of our Republic. If I felt that there is to be sole responsibility in the Executive for the America of to· morrow I should shrink from the burden. But here are a hun· dred millions, with common concern and shared responsibility, answerable to God and country. The Republic summons them to their duty, and I invite cooperation.

I accept my part with single-mindedness of purpose and humility of spirit, and implore the favor and guidance of God in His Beaven. With these I am unafraid, and confidently face the future.

I have taken the solemn oath of office on that passage of· Holy Writ wherein it is asked: "What doth the Lord require of thee but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God?" This I plight to God and country.

MEMORIALS, ETC., ARLINGTON CEMETERY.

The SPEAKER. The Chair lays before the House a Bouse bill with Senate amendments. The Clerl{ will.report the bill by title.

The Clerk read as follows: An Act (H. R. 8032) to provide for the erection of memorials

and the entombment of bodies in the Arlington Memorial Amphitheater at Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia.

The Senate amendments were read. l\1r. 1.\fANN of Illinois. 1\lr. Speaker, I move that the Bouse

concur in the Senate amendments. The motion was agreed to.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF A.PPROPRIATIOXS.

Mr. GOOD. Mr. Speaker, I asked unanimous consent that I may be permitted to address the Bouse for 15 minutes.

The SPEAKER. Is there objection? (After a pause.) The Chair hears none.

Mr. GOOD. l\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that I may be permitted to extend my remarks in the REcoRD.

The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks in the RECORD. Is there ubjec­tion?

Mr. McCLINTIC. I understand the gentleman simply intends to include some tables relative to his subject?

1\lr. GOOD. That is all, a financial statement in regard to appropriations.

Mr. Speaker, a stupendous task confronted this Congress when it convened on the 6th day of December last. In addition to ena<'ting the ne<'essary legislation that claimed the attention of Congress, it was necessary to conduct hearings and consider an<l pass the great supply bills for carrying on the various activities of the Government for the next fiscal year. Congress has now passed and sent to the President all of the appropriation bills with the single exception of the naval appropriation bill. Con· gress has not always been able, especially in recent years, to pass all of the supply bills at its short sessions. In the short session of the Sixty-second Congress the sundry civil bill and the Indian appropriation bill both failed of final enactment. In the second session of the Sixty-fourth Congress the Army bill, the general deficiency bill, the l\lilitary Academy bill, the river and harbor bill, and the sundry civil bill all failed of passage. In the short session of the Sixty-fifth Congress the Agricultural bill failed, the Army bill failed, the District of Columbia bill failed, the Indian appropriation bill failed, the Navy appropriation bill failed, the sundry civil bill failed, and the third deficiency bill failed to pass. Two years ago six of the great annual supply bills and one deficiency bilr considered at the short session of that Congress failed of final enactment.

When this Congress convened, the problems that confronted it, ~o far as appropriations were concerned, were far more serious than those confronting any previous Congress. It was not diffi­cult to make appropriations during the war, when it was neces· sary to hurriedly scan estimates -and practically grant appropri· ations as requested. Not so during the session which is just being brought to a close. The war is over, and the burden of debt left by it makes it necessary for the Government to econo­mize in every department. A degree of economy. is necessary that forces us to deny appropriations except for the most essen· tial services.

Again, at the last session of Congress, in response to a uni· yersal demand, Congress passed a measure creating a national budget, and while that bill was on the President's table for his consideration, the Bouse changed its rules by providing for a single Committee on Appropriations to conform to the budget bill, so that the budget when submitted by the President might be passed through Congress as a budget. Unfortunately the President vetoed that great measure, and hence this year the estimates came in the old way, and the new Committee on Ap· propriations of 35 Members, designed to deal with the budget found it necessary to consider and make the appropriations a~ before.

Again, the House changed its rules in another vital particular which increased the work of making appropriations. Rule ~i was amended so that Senate amendments, which would have been subject to a point of order if offered on the floor of the Bouse to an appropriation bill, should be brought back to the Bouse by the conferees for a vote. This change has taken from the conferees some of the power they have hitherto possessed· and has placed in the Bouse the power to pass on all Senat~ amendments on appropriation bills carrying legislation.

Those who have closely followed the history of appropri­ation bills realize the power of conferees under the old system. Take the Naval appropriation bill, for example. Not infre· quently did the Senate add several pages of legislation to the annual naval bill. Some of this legislation was often repugnant to the l\Iembers of the House, and most of it was never under· stood, not even by the conferees themselves. It was legislation sent by the departments on which there were no hearings nnd for which the necessities were never explained. Too' fre­quently such amendments were incorporated in the conference repo~·t, and the !\~embers of the House never .had an opportunity to d1scuss, cons1der, or vote upon the leg1slation which was thus placed upon the statute books. They were compelled either to vote up or down an entire conference report. This is a grave responsibility, and the ordinary Member would rather shut his eyes and vote for a conference report even though it carried legislation he did not belie•e in, rathe~ than assume the. responsibility of voting against a great supply bill.

When this rule was changed and until about two weeks ao-o it was confidently predicted by well-informed Members of t1~ House who have followed the history of appropriations that the proposed change was unworkable and that too much time would be involved in considering Senate amendments. That rule has lived long enough to justify its existence and prove its

,. I •

4536 OO"NGRESSION AL RECORD-HOUSE. lfARCH 4,

~reat v-a:!ue. In this Oong:res :e"ery impm-tant &enate amend- M:c.. GARTER. Wh!lt opportunity has the House now under rnent <m.rl'J'in.g leglslution \ms 1a:m bufare :fhe 1\lemhe.rs af d:he the present system? House, and on each of those amendments the House tonk .a ~11:. PADGETT. ~ill the gentleman yield a moment? separate Tote. The fact that we lmve .had tbnt J:ctna nf a .nule Mr. GC>OD. Yes. has forced the Senate to mthholll vm·y.., very mn:ny .nmend- Ml:.. PADGETT. Under the old sy-stem a:n objection to :vour ments protiding new legislation, which otherwise woUldllave sending d.t to nonferenee would send it to the Cammittee of the found a place in 1he supply bills. l\Iore than tha:t, :t.h:fs very \Wihole House on the state of the Union, where e~ry one of .;Vlio'lesmne TUle Jms forced the Sena:te to -respect Jthe "I'ules of Ute runend:ments could he considered. tf:he House. The 1:etentian of this rule .and ;the striict .enfOl'Ce:- l\I:r~ GOOD. .I yielded tor a question, not n speech. ment Of it mn mnint:ain "fm· the Rouse its :propel' 'lj)lace in the Mr. PADGETT. I ask you if that was not the 1act, that legiSln.tion of fhe '0onwess. [.A.ppltms.e.] under the old system, t@on a single objection the amendments

1\Ir. l\I-cAR11ffUR. 'Will the .gentleman yield'? of the Senate went to the Committee of the Whole House on 1\lr. GOOD. IF'er a questivn. tlle :State of the U.nion, .and every one of them was consWered Mr. l'.IoAJR'TIEIUR. [s not the ichie'f 'objection to this presmrt in committee .if an:y Member desired to J:u1xe it done?

method of voting on 'the separate 1eg.iSlati've propositimrs due Mr. GOOD. The gentleman from Tennessee was the able It~ fhe .fnot tnat we 'have .to do J.t in •Silc.h a :shuct spnce of -tim-e chainman of the Naval.A1Iail:s Committee for severnJ. years, .and us between the first 1\Ionday ill Tiecemner a:nd ille 4th of March; he mows what fue result w.as •e\ery time he asked .unanimous atherwise it would not be so se:r:icms'1 aons.ent to take from the Speaker'£ table the naval nppropria-

Mr. GOOD. There is something in what :the gentleman :SUJS:. tion bill tha.t -had been messaged te the Iiiouse with Jllllii'e.rous But we ba""\!e tried the experiment \far the :first time in the amend.In£nts, many of them can:ying legisJatlon. No ·one ob­-sllort session of Congress. We .have passeil through the Hunse !ieoted, and the bill went .to conference. It came back from ·all of tbe supply bills, have agreed to them an tn con:fellenoe, conference with the Senate amendments agreed to, carrying a with tbe exception of the nmral bil:l, R'lld :we have Jutd time ·mt great deal of legislation upon which no Member of the H0use our "hands with ne important buSiness to do. Ol'diml.rily the had the right to pass nn independent judgment and .a deliom·a.te 'laBt three or iour •days of tbe short sessions are very, 'Vei'Y and Iindepenclent \ote, and as to ihe merits of ;\';'hicl:l !llO one wns -st1•enuous, indeed. Not infreqnently has it been -necess.:rry to able to explain, .the matter being so technical. keep ihe House in constant session. Nmv, J: see befol'e .me tbt~ ~entleman fmm Kansas 11\Ir,

At .fhis session of Congress the conferees on :the pa.rt nf rt:he AY,RES], whfl voted ·ngainst the single committee, b.ut who J1as House found that ·when they went to oonferenoe they imcarirubly serv-ed on the Committee on Appropriations during this session., ane't a boot'ile committee from ifile Sena.te, and fuat their hostility and who is on. the Subcommittee on Naval Affaii·~=:. The gen­'\Ya'S rrot personal, but :was a 'Fefiex of the Senate's .hostility to tleman from Kansas [Mr . . AY.IU:s], who has ·tried both expm:i­our change in Rule 2!1.. 1In every instance tbey objected rt;o this ments, mil rtell you that the present plan o.f having an a,ppro­nile; it was •obnox-ious to tbem ; they aenounced it in no unmea:s- priation ·bills considered by n single committee is .a great inr­-nred teJ"'DS; they denounced 1t because, as they frequently said, pl"'Vement (}V.er the old plan. Re wjll telil ~ou thn.t l1e maile .a ttmder it they did not go iniio conference with three or .:fi:ve ·men .mistrrke when he voted against the s:ingle committee of 35 mem­rfrom tile He11se, ns the case m1gbt be, ·but they went dnto ,can- ber£, and that if he had :an opportunity to :t'ote on fha.:t proposi­"ference with :fhe 43'5 1\.iembeTs •of tbe House. The Senate seems tion again be W'Ould vote te oontinue. the present plan. ~':..na. to be unmintlrul of t1le fact that this TUle \\Us Jnade .necessary that will be the judgment o.f the Honse; it is now the judgment 'becuuse ~or years the Senate nns taken actva:ntage Gf the Honse, of the countr;y. and has placed on appropriation bills legislation to \\hich "the 1\Ir. Speaker, I did not .intend to enter upon an extended dis­House 'Illight otherwise object, and which the House was forced cussion of budgetary reform. 1\Iy intention was to present to !to accept, mthwt 'hating a sepn;rn_te -vote -n.von the proposition. you what Congress has done at this session so far as approp.ria­[ elieve the adoption of this rnle ma:rks the da'WD of n new and tions are 'Concerned. bettm· day .for the honor and c1i.gnity of the .Honse. 1 The total estimates of all ot the supply bills for the nex.t

After studying this matter for ·se:\e!:!ll months .and -watching , .fiscal year, .not including tile permanent and indefinite upproprin­very clo-sely the pro-cedure on every npproprin:tion bill that went · ti~, aggregate '$2,688,G95,496.02. All of t11ese bills nave J)assea :through 'the :S:onse, I :be:Iie\e that by keeping flris :rule ±n prin- ., Congress and gone to the President. They carry a total .o.I ciple .the Hous-e will recn-ain the .place it <Jil!!e had Jn legisln:tion · $1,778,996,032.41., or a net reduction in the estimates submitted of the Nation. [.Applause:] · . by the P.r·€sident and the ex:ecutiYe !1e-partments of $90D,.ml9,~

U rmay need to be modified, lm:t ln :p.rinci:ple it willllive, .and . 463.61. 'it wm pl'esen~e and strengthen the .rights of the Honse. 'When ; The estimates •submitted by the Navy Depru:trnent for the this experiment is tried on the budget, and I hope we may soon :nav.aJ bi11, UJYOn which the Senate failed to act, aggregate lj\6i:9,­Jm'VB a lmdget law, -;we ·will the-reby ·p_crmjj; the great l~gislative .~l5,731.47. This bill passed the House ·car.rying a total ~f committees .of the Ho:use :to :tm:n thei:r attention and study to $396,001,249.23. The reduction .made by the Rouse aggregates llnatters of legislafian m-er ·wlJich fuey have jurisdiction. The $283,514,482.24. Military Committee \till be camposed af .men w.ho ""Ul!l be the The pe.crnanent and indefinite appllopriations which w!ill under gl{eatest experts in the 'C'nited Strrtes on .mili±ary Jmv .and .:tlh.e the law be paid out, irrespective of any action tiCken at tbis activitie-s .relming .to tJ.re Arm-a. .The men ;\V.ho CDIIIDDse the · session nf :Congress, aggr~ga.te $1,335,776,3G0.87. The deficiency great Naval .A:ffairs •Co:mm:i:ttee -:\'fill . .become i;he most e~ert est1mrutes far this and ,prior .fis.cn.l years ngg1.1eg:.1te $555,5~7,-· rman in the United States on all questions :rela.tmg to the Navy_ 986.2!1, o.f which Congress apprqpriated $270;256,005.21. The Committee on F<IDBi.gn Affairs "Will have in ·its :membership If we assume that the Navy bill had become a law carr~m'" ·men who are -schooled in the diplomatic llistory not -only Di our the same ,appropni:ation which :the Bouse approved the total of own country but of the ';\Vorld. The-y will become expel!ts in ~the estimates for all appl'Qpria,tions fol' the next year, and Jfvr the !highest sense. Can it be said tlmt :men who "Will tl:rus equip the -:per:ma:nent and indefinite nppropriativns, would aggre,.at.e themselv.es ·far the highest legislative duties in this t;r.eat legis- $4,703,987,588.-36. For these services Congress appropri~ted Ja:tive .uss:embJy ~:ill hn:rn lllatblng to do? in the aggregate $3,530,737,642.51, thus making a total reduction

1\lr. CARTER. Will the ·gentleman yielll'! o\er the estimates of $1,173,213,945.B5. l\Ir. GOOD. I yield to the .gentleman. It is tlms -seen that fur the next fiscal year, for dMiciencies Ilir. C.A!RTER. If we are to have this committee of experts, for tbis and prior fiscal years, and for indefinite and -permanent

wl1at benefit are they to 'be to fhe Bouse, so long as a'll 1egis- appropriations, the total estimates aggregate $5,239,515,57.4.60. 1ation that is passed is ·J).lacod upon appropriation biDs by ilhe Assuming that the naval bill when it becomes a law shall curry Senat.e, anil1fuese men on 'these committees lhnve no oppurtuni'ty ;the mnount wmCh the Honse has agreed to, fhe totn.1 of n11 to investigate it and give the information to the Hon-se·? appropriations will aggregate $3,806,020,647.72, of wllich $31~3Q;

Mr. GOOD. If the Senate continue to put 1egis1at1on on 773,642.57 is for next fiscal year and $275,256,005.21 l£ to sunvly appropriation bills, these e-:g)el.'ts will 'be on rthe floor of the deficiencies in appropriations for 'this and [)rior years. 'nhis House to attack or ilefend such 1egis1ation. 'Their lrnowledge mean.s a net saving, if the saving is the dUierencc between the nnd ·experience will then be available, and will be most valuable. amount estimated by the President and the spending deprurt. q1J1ey wfll be ab1e to force ~this legislation from ur>.PPOpriation ments, and the appropriations actually made by Congress, ol })ills. Under the olo s:rtrtem gentlemen ha-ve 110 choice Wilen $1,453,485,926.88. it comes to ·aClopting a ·Senate amenament, because legislation 'rhis is a Tec01·<l of ncnievement 0f whioh Congress can well is placed 11pon an am;n•opl'iation bill by the Senate, and the be proud, and for which the country -will be •duly grateful. House does not ·have an opportunity to vote upon the merits of If we compru·e tbe appropriations made by this session of sudh legislation, but must vote for or against the enUre supPly Congress with the appropriations made at the last .session ef bill in which tl1e arnenllment Jms been incorporate-a. Congress fur this fisca1 year, we wm find that we are makiD~

.. . .

~921 .. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4537 substantial reductions. There are some services in which there can be no reduction, for some services of the G<>vernment are constantly increasing, and to permit them to function in a healthy way it will be necessary for the Congress to make larger appropriations every year. Take, for example, the Postal Serv­ice. For this year Congress appropriated $504,434,700. The appropriations for the same service for next year aggregate $574,057,552. This increase is made necessary because of an increase of 19 per cent in the postal business. That service has ceased to be a self-supporting service. It is estimated that the deficit ior this year ranges somewhere between $50,000,000 and $80,000,000. But because of this great increase in the serv­ice it has been found necessary to appropriate approximately $70,000,000 for the next fiscal year more than was appropriatetl for this fiscal year.

Notwithstanding that, the reductions in the appropriations made in the general supply bills as compared with appropria­tions made in like bills for the past fiscal year, the naval bill not included, amounts to $42,268,986.37. The naval bill as it passed the House was $37,278,324.77 less than the amount carried for the present fiscal year.

For the next year there is quite a substantial reduction in the permanent and indefinite appropriations. For the present year these appropriations total $1,462,326,800.12, while for the next fiscal year the aggregate is $1,335,776,360.87, or a net reduction of $126,950,439.25. Of this ainount $103,000,000 is included in the Federal aid to roads, while $52,350,000 is be­cause of a reduction in interest on the public debt. On tlle other hand, the sinking fund will require $12,350,000 more than was required for this year, and the miscellaneous ex­penses aggregate $22,048,743.71 more than they aggregate for the present year. If we assume that the naval bill had been enacted into law carrying the same sums by which that bill passed the House, we find that the appropriations for the next :fiscal year are $186,497,750.39 less than like appropriations for the present fiscal year.

If, however,. we take into consideration the deficiencies we find that the appropriations for the next fiscal year are less than the appropriations for the current year hy $898,247,910.46.

It should not be inferred from what I have said that the financial requirements of the Government for the next year will be but $898,247,910.46 less than they have been for the current year. They ought to be very much less than that. How much less it is impossible to state at the present time with any degree of definiteness. For example, there was available for the latter part of the last fiscal year and for this. fiscal year $800,000,000 for the railroads. Of this, $500,000,000 was to pay losses growing out of Government control and operation of the 1·oads and $300,000,000 was to make loans to railroads. The transportation act provided that for the first six months after the roads were returned to their owners they should be entitled to the same earnings which the President agreed to pay them during the period of Federal control. There were good business reasons for such legislation. During Federal control the ad­ministration increased wages of the 2,000,000 men employed on the roads from 50 to 100 per cent, while it made an increase in rates, fares, and charges out of which to pay these wages of only 25 per cent.

The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman from Iowa has expired.

1\lr. GOOD. 1\Ir. Speaker, I ask for five minutes more. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa asks for five

minutes more. Is there objection? There was no objection. Mr. GOOD. And hence it was necessary to make appro­

priations for that purpose. This appropriation, it is estimated, will call from the Treasury approximately $600,000,000, most of which will be paid during the present fiscaJ year. This makes a total of $1,400,000,000, of which by far the larger part will be paid this year, and all of it grew directly out of the Go-vernment operation and control of the railroads, and the payment of which was made absolutely necessary because of such operation and controL There will be no increased draft on the Treasury next year.

.Mr. OLIYER. Will the gentleman yield? Mr. GOOD. I yield to the gentleman from Alabama. l\lr. OLIVER. Were not the wages of the railroad employees

largely increased after the passage of the bill by this Congress returning the railroads, and was not that made retroactive?

Mt·. GOOD. Yes, and that wage increase required an annual payment from the railroads of approximately $Gl8,000,000, whlch must come from the people in the end.

l\Ir. OLIYER. There is some responsibility on this Congress for the large increases in railroad wages even after the passage pf the bill retuming the railroads?

1\Ir. GOOD. No; I do not think so. I think if the President had not sent his message to the Railroad Labor Board just before the election, that board would not have committed the great blunder that it committed in increasing the wages of about all of the railroad employees at a time when the cost of everything those employees had to buy was going down and down. It was a stupendous blunder, and one for which the country at large is compelled to suffer. There may have been individual cases where labor employed by the railroads was underpaid, but in the main no class of labor in all the country was better paid than were the railroad employees at the time this unreasonable increase was granted. And this increase has done more to upset and unsettle the reconstruction that is going on throughout the country than anything that has trans­pired since the actual close of hostilities in the recent war.

l\1r. OLIVER. The gentleman will admit that there was not very wise vision shown in the preparation of a law that per­mitted that to be done, does be not?

Mr. GOOD. No; I do not admit anything of the kind. That law assumed that the President of the United States would appoint men who could not be controlled even by the President himself, and that after having selected the men he would not force hi$ autocratic will upon them.

Mr. BLANTON. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield for a question?

Mr. GOOD. I will yield for a brief question. Mr. BLANTON. In spite of all this saving which the gentle­

man mentions, and for which he takes credit, it is a fact that in the year 1916 the Congress was not yet a billion-dollar Congress, and the present Congress, which appropriates. for the fiscal year ending June 30 next, is a Congress of $5,500,-000,000?

Mr. GOOD. The gentleman is mistaken; for the fi.<;cal year ending June 30, 1916, we appropriated in excess of $1,116,000,000. \Vhile appropriations for the present year and for the next year are enormous, part of them are to pay for extravagant expenditures voted by the gentleman from Texas.

1\Ir. BLANTON. The gentleman. is mistaken about it. llir. GOOD. No; the gentleman is not mistaken. For ex­

ample, $17,000,000 of the appropriations went into the Wlison Dam at Muscle. Shoals, and thousands of dollars are being spent there every day. Seventy millions. more went into the nitrate plant at Muscle Shoals. If t11e gentleman will look over his record he will find that he voted for the very things that re­quired these enormous appropriations.

Mr. BLANTON. n is the failure of the gentleman's col­leagues and my own to vote with the gentleman from Texas to stop waste that has caused all this extravagance.

Mr. GOOD. In his comparison with 1916 the gentleman for­gets that of the appropliations for this fiscal year $975,000,000 is to pay the interest on the Nation's debt, more than $253,-000,000 was required for the sinking fund, $104,000,000 more was for good roads, and the balance was largely for the various executive departments.

Pursuing the line of investigation that I was following when interrupted, let me call attention to the fact that for the present fiscal year there will be paid out of the Treasury from appropria­tions made during the war more than $150,000,000 to continue the construction of the merchant ships that were contracted for by the Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation during the war.

I hope that we are through purchasing obligations of foreign G<>vermnents. But, during the present year we ba-re paid out in purchasing such obligations $57,000,000. At least there should be no such draft on the Treasury next year. There re­main large payments, certainly aggregating more than $100,000,-000, to discharge contracts entered into duTing the war. There will be no corresponding expenditures for next yea.r.

Here we have ~1,500,000,000 or more, which Will be paid out cf the Treasury during the present fiscal year, for which there will be no corresponding requirements during the next fiscal year. It looks to me, therefore, that the future, so far as our Government finances are concerned, is bright when contrasted with the situation presented two years ago when the Republican Party took control of the- House. Then, and since, huge esti­mates were made in time of peace to carry on activities as­sumed during the war. The Republicans in the two preceding ~eEsions of this Congress have reduced the estimates made by the President and his executive departments by $2,710,000,000. Our achievement in those two sessions of Congress, so far as reduction in estimates is concerned, has been more than excelled by our action at this session, where we show a total reduc­tion in appropriations over estimates of $1,453,485,026.38. In the three sessions of this Republican Congress we ha-ve reduced the estimates of President Wilson and his Cabinet by more than $4,163,000,000. Certainly a wonderful record.

, 4538 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1\f.ARCH 4,

Financial chaos would have remained if this Republican l\fr. Speaker, I shall append to my remarks ·a table numbered Congress had not stood between the Treasury and the onslaught 1, giving a comparison by bills, estimates of regular, supple· made upon it by a wasteful and extravagant administration. mental, deficiency, and permanent annual appropriations for the And I want at this time to thank ·each and every member of fiscal year 1922, ·with the appropriations made for the fiscal the Committee on Appropriations for their devotion and fidelity year 1922. to duty in the protection of the Treasury of the United States. I shall also append as a part of my remarks table No. 2, They have labored hard and long to bring about this result, a comparing the regular and permanent annual appropriations result that was not achieved by any one man, but by a Repub- made for the fiscal year 1922 with the appropriations made for lican Congress acting in harmony with the committee, that set like service ·, for the present fiscal year. about to bring real economy in Go\ernment expenditures. This In order that the membership of the House may see with result was acllie\ed because this Congress was determined what expedition it hns reported and acted upon the appropria­te write upon the statute books of the Nation a system of tion bills durlng the present session, compared with the action economy that would be a monument more lasting than bronze, in previous Congres ~es, I shall append a table giving the chrono­more enduring than marble. It has done its work well. [Ap-~logical history of the reporting and passage of the regular an­plause on the Republican side.] That work ·will meet the ap- nual appropriation bills in the House of Representatives at the proval of the American people. [Applause on the Republican short sessions of tlle Fifty-sixth to the Sixty-sixth Congresses, side.] both inclusiYe.

TABLE No. 1.- Table compari1U}, by bills, estimates ojreg"dar, ..su pplemental , deficiency, ani permanerl annual appropriations [or the fuscal year 1922 with the appropriations made for the fiscal year 19£2.

Rt>gular annual appropri&tion bills (completed). Supplementalesti-

Increase ( +) or do-Regular estimates, Total estimates, Appropriatiom, crease (- ), 1922

fiscal year 1922. mates. fiscal fiscal year 1922. fscal year 1922. estimates com-year 1922. pared with 1922

appropriations.

S·U, 989, 384. 00 $11, 040, 000. 00 $53, 029, 384. 00 $36, 404, 25~. 00 S16, 625, 125. 0) 699, 'J:75, 502. 93 ............................... G99, 275, 502. 93 346,703, 903. 80 352,571,596. 13 11,983,848.94 .................................... 11, 9&1, 843.94 9, 326, 550. 79 2, 657, 29 . 15 25,039,044.99 ................................... 25, 039, 044. 99 19, 412, 412. 99 5, 626, 632. 00 35, 676. 533. 66 .................................... 35, 676, 533. 66 8, 038,017.00 27, 6.'3~, 516.65 11, 989, 703. 67 · · · · · · · · · 732; oso: oo · 11, 9 9, 70-'3. 67 9, 761,554.67 2,22 '149. 00

136, 452, 634. 97 137,214,714.97 110,34-5,01 . . 75 26,859,695.22 265, 190, 000. 00 310,000. 0') 265, 500, 000. 00 265, 500, 000. 00 --···--------------· 585, 406, 902. 00 ................................ 585, 406, 902. 00 574,057,552. ()() 11,349,350. 0') 57, 114,915. ()() · · · · · · · 3; ois; 749.· oo · 57,11-1,915.00 15,250,000.00 41, 884,915.00

803, 446, 196. 86 803, 454., 945.86 384, 196,760. 41 422, 268, 1~. 4.3

Agriculture ............................ : ........................... . Army (including Military Academy) ............................... .

RU>l~l~r~cc~~by;~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Fortification ...........................•...................... _ .... . Indian ............................................................. . Legislati>e, etc ..................................................... . Pension ..................••••..•....................•............... Post Office ......................................................... . River and harbor .................................................. . Sundry civil ....................................................... .

Total, re;;ular annual appropriation bills .........••..••••..... 2, 673, 554, 667. oz 1 15, 130, 829. ()() 2, 688, 695, 496. 02 1, 778,995, oo2. 41 1 90J, 69::>, 46.3. 61

679, 515, 731. 4 7 1 .................... 679, 515, 731. 471 396,001,249.23 1 - 283,514, 4 2. 24

REGULAR ..L'\'NU.\.L APPROPRllTIOX BILL (PC:NDL-.G).

Naval (as passed by the House) .................................... .

3, 353, o80, 39$. 49 1 15, 130, 829. 00 3, 368, 211, 221. 49 1 2, 174,997, zs1. 64 1 -1,193, 213, 945. S5 Total, regular annual appropriation bills ..................... . !==~~===:==========:===~~===:=~~~==:==~~~~

PER?.U.NENT AND lNDEFINITE APPROPRIATIOX'!.

~!~~~:::~~~~:~~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~---·~:-~;-~:-~_ :::::::::::::::::::: ··---~:-~;-~:-~_ ···--~~~:~:~. :::::::::::::::::::: Roads,constructionof........................ ........... ........ 1,ono,oco.no ..• •••••••••••••••. 1,0oo, r oJ.OO l,OO'J,C'OO.OO .•••••••••••.......• Customs Service, repayments, etc................................... '27, 000,000.00 . •• •••••••••• ••••••• '27, 000,000.00 27,000, 00::>. 00 .•••••••••.•...•.•.• Indian funds, and interest on same.................................. 23, 475, 000. O'J . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • 23,475,000. 00 23, 475,000. 00 ..••.•...•.•.•.....• Miscellaneous....................................................... 60, 896, 496. 00 . • • • • • • • • • • • . . . • . • . . 60, 896, 49j. 00 60, 896, 400. 00 ...................• Increased compensation to certain employees (S240 bonus)........... 35,000,000.00 . • • . . . . . . . . . • • . . . • . . 35,000,000. 00 35,000,000. o:> .•••••...•.•.......•

Total, permanent and indefinite appropriations............... 1, 335,776,360. '07 ••••••••••••••.••••. 1

1,335, 776,360. '07 I 1, 335,776,360. '07 J ................... .

Miscellaneous, including $18,600,000 for hospital farilitie3 ............. 1 ................... -I-.................. -I· ................... j 20,000, 000. 00 I + 20, 000, 000. 00

G~npda~~\>;x~:_;~~-~:-~~~~~~~~~ -~~~- ~~~~~~-~~~~~~-~~~. I 4,688, 855,759.35 1 15,130,829. oo I 4, 703,987,588.361 3, 530, 773,642.51 I -1,173,213, 94.>. 8.3

Deficiencies, 1921 and prior years .................................... ! 555, 5'J:7, 986.24 1-.................. ·I 555,527,985.24 I 275,256,005. 21 I - 2RO, 'J:71, 9ul. O.l

Grand total, including naval bill as passed by House ......... ·I 5, 244,384,745.60 I 15,130,829.00 j 5, 259,515,574.60 I 3, 806,029,647. 72 f -1,453,485,925. 8S

i921-22.

TABLE No. 2.- Table comparing regular and permanent annual appropriation-s made for the jiecal year 192e U'ith the appropriations made for the [weal year 19£1.

Increase ( +) or

Appropriations, Appropriations, docre:lse (- ~ 1922

appropnatwns fiscal year 1921. fiscal year 1922. compared with

1921 appropria· tions.

Rogular annual appropriation act.s (completed).

$31,712, 78!. 00 S36, 404, 259. ()() + $!, 691,475. O:J 394,700, 577. 70 346, 703, 906. 80 - 47,995,670. 9:J

9, 220, 537. 91 9, 326,550. 79 + 10j, 012. 8S 18, 3n, oot. 87 19, 412, 412. 99 + 1,039,40 .12 18,833,442.00 8, 038,017.00 - 10, 795, -!25. OJ 10, 020, 555. Zl 9, 761, 55!. 67 259,003. 6()

106,570, 610. 11 110,345,018. 75 + 3, 774,408.6! 279, 150, 000. 00 265,500,000. ()() - 13,650, 00::>. 00 50!, 43!, 700. 00 574,057,552.00 + 69,622, 852. 00

12, 400, 000. ()() 15, 250, 000. 00 + 2,8so,o:n.oJ 435, 8l8, 806.92 381, 19G, 760. 41 - 51,652,016.51

1, 821,265, 018. 78 1 1, 778,993, 032. 41 1 - 42, 268,9 3. 37

433, 279, 574. 00 39G, 001, 249. 231 - 37,'J:78,324. 77

2, 254, 544, 592. 78 2,174,997,281.6! 1 - 79, 547,311. 14

iK~~~~~ :~~;:~ j ~::::: L:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~: ~ ~ ~:: ~ ~ ~: ~ ~: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~: ~::::: ~ ~ ~ Fortification ................................................................................................ . Indian ...................................................................................................... . Legislative, executive and judicial ........................................................................... . Pension ..................................................................................................... . Post Office .................................................................................................. .

~~<;t.~~v-8~~~~~~:::: :::::::: :::·::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ---------------:--------------:---------------

Total, regular annual appropriation acts, completej as to 1922 •..•.......••.........•••...••.•••.•.•.•.. ===========:==========:===========

REGUL.ut ..L-.NUAL APPP.OPRIA.TIO:-T AC1' (PENDI:-TG ) . ~-

Naval (1922as passed by the House) ......................................................................... ! ============!============!============

Grand total, re.,<TULar annual appropriation acts ........................................................ .

1921, CONGRESSIONAL REOOR.D-HOUSE. 4539 1!)21-22-Continued.

·TABLE No. 2.-.Table comparing regular antl perma.7Un.tn1l.11.1.UlZ.appropria:titms mde /M the fLScalye:c.r '192J with. the-appropriatior.s made for (he [LSCa.l year 1921-Contlnued.

Rc_gular :mnrml appropriation acts (completed).

P:ElULL-'mNT ..U..""D ll\DEFINITE AP.PROPRIATIONS.

Appropriations, fiscal yelti' t92L

Appropriations, fiscal ye!rr 1922.

Increase ( +) or decrease (-) 1922

appropnat10ns compared with 1921 appropria-

tions.

Interest on the public debt. ..•..•..•.•..............•. __ ... __ .....••..•.....••........................•...... ~!Ji5, OOD, UO:). 00

i~£~=~ii~:~i_:_::: ::::::: :::~::::: ::::: :~: ::~::::: :::::::~ :::~::~::::~::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::: :~: m: m: ~ '$922, 650, 000. 00

265, 754, SM. 87 -$52,350, 000. 00 + 12, 350, 000. ()() - .12, 4!lll, 152. 96

~g~~~~~~cifRf~ra~~si~e: :::::: ::~:~:::::: ::::::::::::: ::~::: :::::: ::·:: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~g: ~: ggg: gg J.li..r::cellaneous. . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . .. .. • • .. • • • • • . . . . . . . . .. . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .. .. • • . • • . .. • .. . . • • . • • . . • . . . • • . . . 3~, Sfl, 7.12. ~

1, ao , ooo. oo 'n, 000, 000. 00 23,475,000. ()() 60, 896, 496. 00 35~ 000~ OO::J. OV

-103, 000, 000. 00 I+ 61 800

1 ()(){), Q()

- 300, 000. ()() + 22, 048, 743. 71

Increased compensation to certain emplo~es ($240 borms). -·-···. ---· ···--··· ..••.. -- ····- .••. •. .. .. .. •. • 35, GOO, roo. 00

Total, rermanent an.d indefrnite ll'ppropriafions ............•..•.•. ·-.. ..... .• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 462, 725, 800. 12 j 1, 335,776,360. ~ -126, 9iXI, ~39. 2.3 I===========:==========F==========

ML«cellimeous, including ~18,600,000 for hospitals ........ _ ... --- ___ ...••.• ·----·- ...........•...•.....••.......•.•. ---- •..... , -\ 20, 000, 000. 00 + 20, 000, 000. 00

Grai!d total, regUlar annual and permanent and indefinite appropriations ... ·-........................ 3, 717,271, 392. 9J \ B, 530,773, 642. 51 -185,497, 7.10. 39

DC'ficiendcs ....•.•••• ··-····-········-·····-·. ----·······"··-----·--·- ·------ •.. .•. . . . . . . . . . .... ... . . .. 1 1S7,()()'j, 165.281 2 27ii,256,005. 21 + 88,249, 8SJ. 93 Roil roads ...........••.....•...•..•....•.•..•.. __ .. ·- .......................................... __ . __ ...• ····-. 00, oo:l, 000. CO ...••.•. --- ....... __ . -800,000,000. OJ

Grand total (including for 1922 the amunnt of the naval bill as passed by the House) .. -- .•.... __ •. ----. 4, 70i,277, ~ 131 3, KJ:), 029, M'l. 72 -893, 247, '910. 45

1 Deficiencies for 1920 and prior fiseal years. 2 Deficiencies for l!r.!l and prior fiscal yers.

TABLE No. 3.- Chronowuical history of the rcportin; .anti pasSJJ.Je of lhe rcJu.lar annu.al appriJpria."ian bills in t~ HoU8e vf Rcprese;ttatives at ne s'!l'Jrt sessiJJns of tlt! 5'1t\ tofu 83t:l Conf}r-ts8es, inclUJin. •

Uith Congres:;;, 2d ses;.ion. 57th Congress, 2d session. 5Sth 'Congress, 3d -session. 5Qtb 'Congress, 2d session.

~ I ------------------;--t--R-r-~-~-illS_.ed_e.._t_o_ 1 raEsed House-.li-R-ep_l:I._~-~-ted_e_. t_o_,_P_a_s_se_d_H_o_m_~e_. ,_R_e~---ed-e_._to __ Pa_s_se_d_E_o_m;_e .. 1 _R_1I_ort_ou_~_~_._to--cl-P-lr._ss_ed_'_H_o_nse_. .Agriculture ... ·······~--~---~- ·-~--~-------~ Jan. 2;1, 1901 Army ............................ ~--------~-- Feb. -4-,190.1 Dipiomatic and Consular •.. ·-·---~~--~---. Jail. 2Q, 1901 District of Columbia............................ Jail. 14, 1901 Fcrti:ficaticn- ...••••. -•• ---~------~--··--·· Jan. 25,l!nl Indian .................•• _ •• -·.--·.--· •• ---·. Dec. 1B, 1900 Le!tislalive,etc .. _________ •••••.••••. ---·-···· Dec. 4,1900 :t.Iilitary Academy ....•.••.....•....••••••...... Dec. 17,1900

~~~~Ito~~~:::::::::::~:::::::::::::~::::::::::: ~~- n:~ Post office....................................... Jan. 21,1901 RiYerand harbor ............................... .Tan. 4,1901 Sundry civil ............................... ·-- .

1 Feb. 4.1001

Jnn. 30,1901 Feb. 12, 1901 Feb. u, 1901 Jan. 23,1001 J.an.. .3t, 1901 Dec. 20,1900 Dec. 10,1000 Dec. 26,1900 Jan. 2.3,l!l0J Dec. ll, 1900 Fob. 1)1001 Jan. 16, Hl01 Feb. ~,1901

60th Congress, 2d session.

Title. Re!= to Pas!;ed House.

A~iculture.. ..... __ ·- ·- •• -~- •• -· ----~~..... J \ n. .Army .. --·········--············---·-········· Jan. Diplomatic and Consular ...•• ------~·····-~·-· Feb. District of Columbia ......•...•.•••..•....•..... Jan. rortifica.tion ...• --- ~-----------------······ :Tan. Indian ........ ··················-·············· Jan. Legisl.ati Ye, etc ...••• -· ••••• _ . ~- •• ·-· • • • • • • • • . Dec. Military .Aeademy........................... . . . Feb. Na''Y··········-··········--···-····-······· Jan. Pension ..•....• •••••••••••••••••• ---··-··-···· Jan. Post office ..... -· .. -··· .•..••.••••• ·····-· .•... Jan. River and harbor............................... Feb. Sundl·ycivil .... ·····-······-················-- F-eb

I

'Title.

25, 1!)03 21,1909 2,100'J 6,1909

Z5, 1009 22,1900 10,1908 11,1900 16,1909 13,1909 T5,1909 19,1909 19,J.9Y.J

Feb. Feb. :Feb. Jan. :Feb. Feb. Dec. Feb. J.:m. Jan. Jan. Feb. Feb.

11,1909 2,1909

20,1909 14,1909 19,1909 1s,1m 11,190 20,1909 22,1909 19,1909 27,1909 20,1909 .26,1909

Jan. 20, 1903 Jan. 9,1903 Jan. 12, 1J)03 Jan. 17,1903 Jan . .26,1903 Dec. 9, 1902 Dec. 12, 1902 Jan. '21, 1903 Feb. 6,1903 Dec. 5,1902 Jan. 23, 1~3

(1-) Feb. 2, 1903<

Jan. 24, 1903 Jan. 15,1903 Jan. 19, 1003 Jan. 20,1903 Feb. 20,1903 Jan. 29,19D3 De~. !7, 1901 Jan. 25, 1903 Feb. 19,1W3 Dec. il,1!l02 fib. 5,1903

(1) Feb.. 14,1903

G1st Congross, 3d session.

Roported to I Pa ""' Ho-,. Hou.s.e. - ' ·

Jan. 17,11711 Feb. 11,.1911 Jan. 12,1911 Jan. 17,1911 Feb. 20, 1911 Feb. 22,1911 Jan. 21,1911 Jan. 30,1911 Feb. 20, IDll Fob. 22,1911 Dec. 7, 1910 Dec. .9,1910 Dec. 14, 1910 Jan. 12,1911 Feb. 3,1911 .Feb. 23, 1911 .Jill! . 28,1911 Feb. 22,1911 Dec. 12, 1910 D.ec. 13,1910 ran. 16, 19ll Jan. 24,1911 nee. 9, 11)10 Dec. 10, 1910 Feb. 23, 1911 :Feb. 25,1911

6-1th Congress, 2d session.

Jan. 2;i, Hl05 1 Ja.n. 27,1905 Jan. 10,1905 Jan. 20,1905 Jau . .28,1905 Feb. 3,1905 Jan. 21,1005 Jan. 25,1905 Jan. -5,190.3 Jan. G, 1905 Jan. l a. l 90.3 Jan. 21, 1905 Del!. 7, 1901 Dec. 9, 1904 Jan. l!!, 1905 Jan . 25,1905 :Tan- 2B, 1905 Fob. 20, 1903 Jan. 9,J!l05 Feb. 18, HlC5 Jall. 17,1903 Feb. 3,1905 'Feb. 6, 190a Feb. 23, 1905 Feb. 14, 19.:lii F.cb. 27,1905

C2d Congra>3, 3d session.

R1iC:~~to Pa85ed Honse ·I

Jan. zo, !913 Feb. 1.1,1913 Jan. 10, l!H3 Jan. 2.1,1913 Feb. 3,1913 Feb. 14, 1913 J'an. 29,1913 Feb. 6, 1!HB Jan. 17,.1913 Ja.u. 30,1913 Dec. 7,1912 Jan. 9,1913 De:!. 4,1912 De::. 9, 1"912 Feb. 8,1913 Feb. 11,1913 Feb. 20, 1D1"3 .Feb. 23,1913 .Feb. ll, 1913 Feb. 18,1913 Dec. 1.2,1912 Jan. 14,1913 Jan. 16,1913 Jan. 28,1913 Feb. 17,1912 Feb. 21,lD13

Gath Congress, 3d session.

Jan. 23, 1907 Jan. 7"1907 Jan. 1 '1907 Jan. 14,1907 Jan. 9,L~ Dec. 15, 1903 Dec. 7,1905 Jan. 18,1907 Jan. 27,1007 Jan. 21,1J)07 Feb. 6,1907 Jan. 26,1907 Feb. 19,1907

Ja-n. 30, 1907 Jan. 13,1907 Jan. 22,1907 aa'B. 21,1907 Jan. 16,1907 Doo. _18, l!l06 Dec. 14, 1905 Jan. 22,1907 Feb. 15,1.907 Jan. 24, 1907 Feb. 20,1007 Feb. 7,1907 Feb. 23., 191J7

03d Congress, 3d session.

RTo~to Psssnd House.

De.:. 30, li!lt Jan. 28, 191 i Dec. 29, 1!)14 Jan. 22,1915 Jan. 26, 1915 .Feb. 29,1915 De-::. 7,1914 Dec. l't,19H Feb. 1S,l9Ta Feb. 23,1915 Dee. 18,19U Jan. 9,1915 De;!. 1~ 1914 De:!. 18,1911 Feb. 1915 Feb. 20,1915 Jan. 16,1915 Feb. 5, 1915 Jan. .25, 1915 Feb. 18, 1915 Dec. 14,1914 Dee. 3.1,1914 Dec. 19, 1914 Jan. 19,1915 Feb. 4,1915 Feb. 13,1.915

66th Congress, 3d session.

I Refl= to I Pas~ed House. R~~~ to Passed IIouse. full~~~ to Passed

House.

Jan. 8,1917 Feb. 22,1917 Dec. 22, 1916 Dec. 21, 1916 Jan. 29, 1917 Doc. 12, 1916 Dec. 19,1916 Mar. 2,Hl17 Feb. 13,1917 Feb. 13, 1917 Jan. 16,1917 Jan. 26,1917 Fe b. 28, 191.7

Jan. 24, 1919 Feb. 10,1919 Jan. 15,1919 Dec. 7,1918 Feb. 14,191!) Jan. 18,1919 Jan. 10,1919 Jan. 31,1919 Feb. 1,1919 Jan. 25 1919 Dec. J);191S Dec. 21, 1918 Feb. 21, 1919

Feb. 1,1919 Jan. 19,1921 Jan. 27,1921 Feb. 18,1919 Ja.u. 29,1921 Feb. 8,1!121 Jan. 22,1919 Jan.,24,1921 Jan. 31,1921 Dec. 11, 1918 Dec. 15, 1920 Dec. 18 1920 Feb. 19,1919 Feb. 15,1921 Feb. 1.1,1921 Jan. 25,1919 Jan. 12,1921 Jan. 20, 1!l21 Jan. 18,1919 Jan. 6,1921 Jan. 14,1921 Feb. 4,1919 Feb. u, 1919 · Fcli: · · 2; i92i · · iet>: · i4,'i9ii Feb. 1,1919 Dec. 22, 19'20 Dec. 23,1920 Dec. 18,1918 Dee,. 30,1920 Jan. 8,1921 Jan. 13,1919 Jan . 28,1921 Feb. 1 1921 .Feb. 28, 1919 Dec. 29, 1920 Jan . 1; 1921

1 No ri;-er and h:srbor bill outing this session for fhe next fiscnl year.

4540 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 4,

WITHDRAWAL OF PAPERS.

1\Ir. FULLER, by unanimous consent, was granted leave to witlldra w from the files of the House papers in the case of Thomas Nicholson, H. R. 9292, without leaving copies, no ad­verse report having been made thereon.

EXTENSION OF REMARKS.

1\Ir. Sil\IS. 1\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to extend my remarks in the RECORD.

The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Tennessee asks unani­mous consent to extend his remarks in· the RECORD. Is there objection?

1\Ir. 1\IcCLINTIC. I object. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Oklahoma objects.

APPROPRIATIONS.

l\1r. BYRNS of Tennessee. 1\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous con­sent to address the House for possibly 15 minutes on the sub­ject of appropriations.

The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Tennessee asks unani­mous consent to address the House for 15 minutes. Is there objection?

There was no objection. 1\lr. BYRNS of Tennessee. 1\Ir. Speaker, owing to t11e fact

that the sundry civil appropriation bill passed very late last night, I was able only a few minutes ago to obtain a complete compilation of the amounts carried in the various annual sup­ply bills for the fiscal year 1922. I therefore ask unanimous consent that I may be permitted to revise and extend my re­marks relating to appropriations and financial expenditures of the Government for the next fiscal year.

The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Tennessee asks unani­mous consent to extend his remarks in the REconn. · 1\Ir. 1\IcCLINTIC. This is in reply to the extension granted to the gentleman from Iowa [1\Ir. Goon]?

1\Ir. BYRNS of Tennessee. Yes; it will include a financial record and statement.

The SPEAKER. Is there objection? There was no objection. 1\Ir. BYRNS of Tennessee. 1\Ir. Speaker, the gentleman from

Iowa [l\lr. Goon] referred to the failure to enact a budget law and expressed regret because in his opinion the enactment of such a law would bring about very great economy in the ex­penditures of the Government. I cordially agree with the gentleman from Iowa in his statement in this respect and as to what those who favor it believe it will accomplish. He stated that it was not now a law- because the President of the United States had vetoed the budget bill as it passed the House and the Senate at the last session of Congress. That is true, but gentlemen of the House will recall that the President vetoed that bill on the advice of the Attorney General of the United States, because of a constitutional objection, and that hi~ veto message 'vas sent to the House and sustained, and that thereupon the House of Representatives in effect at least agreed with the President and passed another budget bill to meet the objection which he bad urged in his message. That bill was sent to the United States Senate. The United States Senate, which is Republican in majority, failed to enact that bill into law at the last session, and for some reason during this entire session, which began on the first 1\londay in December, no effort seems to have been made in the United States Senate to take up tllat measure and to enact it into law so that it would be fully effective for the next fiscal year. And if, as the gentle­man from Iowa complains, we are met with the fact that for the next fiscal :.year we may not have the advantage of a budget law, I submit in all fairness that it is due to the fact that another branch of this Congress has failed to take steps to pass that law and to put it upon the statute books.

The gentleman from Iowa [Mr. Goon] also referred to the fact that at the short session of the Sixty-fifth Congress, which was Democratic in majority, six great annual supply bills failed to become laws and tlmt it was necessary to reenact them at the extra session which followed. That is true, but I am sure I need not remind· the House and the country of the fact that those bills were defeated by a filibuster carried on by some half dozen Republican Senators against those bills, with the avowed and. express purpose, stated upon the floor and. in the papers, that it was their intention to defeat those bills in order to bring about an early extra session of Congress. So the failure of the last Congress to enact those six annual supply bills at the short session shoult1 be charged to the filibuster which took place in the Senate, for othen\ise, as the records will show, all of them would have been passed before adjournment. In this Congress I submit that Republicans and Democrats alike,

both in the House and in the Senate, have undertaken to place no obstacle in the way of the passage of any of these supply bills, save- and alone the naval supply bill, which is pending in the Senate, and that filibuster, if I am correctly informed, has been conduc.ted by possibly two Members of another body, one of whom is a Republican and the other a Democrat. On the con­trary, Democrats as well as Republicans have cooperated in every way possible to get these bills through.

It will be recalled that in the present Congress the Military Academy bill has been incorporated with the Army bill, and we, therefore, have only 11 annual supply bills. All of these bills have been agreed upon and passed by the Senate and House except the naval bill, and all of them have been signed by th~ President, except the Army bilL Taking the amount carried in the naval bill as passed by the House, the aggregate sum car­ried in all these bills is $2,174,997,281.64. To this sum should be added $18,600,000 which was carried in the sundry civil bill, but which has been recently appropriated in a separate act. The total amount, therefore, carried for the next fiscal year is $2,193,597,281.64. The amount appropriated for the present fiscal year was $2,254,544,592.78, or a difference of $GO,D47,311.14. The total permanent and indefinite appropriations for the next fiscal year amount to $1,335,776,360.87, which is in addition to the amount of the direct appropriations.

I wish to call the attention of the House to the fact that while there is a comparatively slight reduction in the amount care:ed in the aggregate of all of these 11 annual supply bills for the next fiscal year, in 6 of those bills, which have absolutely noth­ing to do with our national defense and whicl1 relate only to the civil affairs of our Government, there are increases for the next fiscal year over the amounts appropriated by this Congress for the present :fiscal rear.

Now, what are the bills to which I have referred? For agriculture there was appropriated for the pre~ ent fiscal

year $31,712,784, but for the next fiscal year there is appro­priated for agriculture $36,404,25!:>.

For t11e Diplomatic and Consular Service there '"as appro­priated for the present :fiscal year $9,220,537.91. For the next fiscal year there has been appropriated the sum of $9,326,550.79.

For the District of Columbia there was appropriated for the present fiscal year $18,373,004.87. For the next fiscal year there has been appropriated the sum of $19,412,412.9!:>.

For legislative, executive, and judicial expenses there was ap­propriated for the present fiscal year $106,570,610.11. For the next fiscal year there has been appropriated for that purpose $110,345,018.75.

For the Post Office Department there was appropriated for the present fiscal year $504,434,700, while for the next fiscal year there has been appropriated the sum of $574,057,552.

For rivers and harbors there was appropriated for the present fiscal year $12,400,000, while for the next fiscal year there has been appropriated $15,250,000.

It will thus be seen that in these six supply bills, which, as I have stated, have to do only with the civil expenses of the Gov­ernment and are in no way related to the Army and Navy or with the subject of our national defense, there has been an in­crease of $81,084,156.64 in the amounts appropriated for the fiscal year 1922 over the amounts appropriated in the same bills and for like purposes for the fiscal year 1921.

The only way in which you can gauge the economy of any Congress is not by a comparison of its appropriations with the estimates submitted, which come from the various departments, but by a comparison of the appropriations with the appropria­tions made for the previous year or prior years for the same identical purposes.

Judged by that standard, in the face of the solemn promise made to the American people that thiR Congress was going to exercise economy, I submit that this session of Congress has been more extravagant than the last session of this Congress.

Mr. GOOD. Will the gentleman yield? 1\fr. BYRNS of Tennessee. Yes. Mr. GOOD. ·wm the gentleman tell us just where he would

cut the appropriations made in this Congress? l\lr. BYRNS of Tennessee. I ha"Ve not the time­Mr. GOOD. Tell us one big cut. 1\Ir. BYRNS of Tennessee. I have not the time in the very

short time allotted me. But I do say that in the face of the promises made to the American people that this Congress was going to cut appropriations and reduce expenditures of the Government the fact that we have in the six annual supply bills, which have nothing to do "·ith the Army or the Navy or the national defense, actually increased the expense of the •rreasury is not a compliance with tbe p1·omise made to '<he American people.

J

I

I

1921. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE. . 45Lill Now, there have been some reductions in the five other bills.

For instance, in the Army there was appropriated for the pres· ent year $394,700,577.20. The appropriation for the next fiscal year for the Army is $346,703,906.80, or a reduction of nearly $50,000,000. The naval bill as it passed the House carried $396,001,249.23, or something over $37,000,000 less than was -appropriated for the present fiscal year. It should be stated that this bill as reported to the Senate by the Senate committee carries an increase of $100,500,000 over the amount carried in the House bill, and no one can say that all or at least a part of this increase would not have been allowed had the bill finally passed the Senate and become a law. There was a reduction of over $10,000,000 in the fortification bill. There was a reduc· tion of about $250,000 in the Indian bilL There was a reduction of about $14,000,000 in the pension bill, and a reduction of about $33,000,000 in the sund1·y civil bill, for it must be remembered that while the sundry civil bill carries only $384,196,760.41 there was passed yesterday by separate bill an item contained in the sundry civil bill carrying $18,600,000 for hospitalization of disabled soldiers. That sum should be added to the sum I have named to make the total carried by the sundry civil bill. We all know why that item was passed as a separate measure; we all know why it was taken out of the sundry civil bill and brought to the House and passed as a separate bill; but I state in all fairness that that sum should be added to the sundry civil expenses. Everyone realizes just how the reduc­tion in the Army bill was b1·ought about. It was made possible by a reduction in the number of troops which are provided for the next fiscal year, because Congress in its wisdom-and I voted for it-believed that we could get along with an Army of reduced size. The same is true of the naval bill.

'Vith the reduction of $50,000,000 in the Army bill, with the reduction on paper in the naval bill, that has not yet passed the SE!'nate, of $37,000,000 in the amount canied in the bill as it passed the House, the reduction in the sundry civil bill of $33,000,000, and of over $24.,000,000 in the other three bills to which I have referred, nevertheless we find that the total reduction of expenses in all of these 11 supply bills amounts to only $00,947,311.14, showing just how much this Congress. has increased the appropriations for the civil expenses of the Government as distinguished from Army and Navy purposes. I repeat that it is a poor answer and a poor compliance with the promises made before election last fall that if the Republican Party was placed in control of the Government it would greatly reduce the burdens of the taxpayers of this country.

Mr. BRIGGS. Will tbe gentleman yield? 1\Ir. BYP..NS of Tennessee. Yes. 1\Ir. BRIGGS. In the figures which the gentleman has giyen

are the amounts of money reappropriated included? Mr. BYRNS of Tennessee. No; I am giving the amounts

directly appropria.ted. I may say to the gentleman that I da1·e sa.y reappropriations of unexpended balances in some amounts are carried in every one of these bills. It is a practice which

. has long been indulged~ but one which I have frequently had occasion to condemn unless the circumstances requiring it are unusual. Such a practice serves to cover up and withhold from the people information as to the exact amount appro- . priated. These balances should be covered into the Treasury, and direct appropriations made for whatever amount is deemed necessary. I have not bad the opportunity to 1L,oure up the total of the reappropriations. It is almost an impossible job. I do recall that in the sundry civil bill there was reappropriated the sum of $10,500,000 for the Vocational Board, which it was estimated would be unexpended at the- end of the present fiscal ;rear, and that there was reappropriated about $35,000,000 for the War Risk Bureau of an estimated unexpended balance. These sums swell the amount of the appropriation, but they do not appear as a part of the direct appropriation and in the statement made as to the amount carried in this bill. In addl· tion to this the Shipping Board ~mated for $147,000,000 for the next fiscal year. l::lstead of making an appropriation for the Shipping Board, it was authorized to use receipts from operations, collections on account, and sales. No one can say, therefore, just how much was appropriated for the Shipping Board until the end of the next fiscal year and an account is taken. Proper businesslike methods demanded that these re. ceipts should have been covered into the Treasury and a direct appropriation made for the Shipping Board. There were other reappropriations o:f much smaller amounts. It will be noted, therefore, that it was only by making these reappropriations that the amount carried in the sundry civil bill for the next fiscal year was reduced from that of the present fiscal year. Had the unexpended balances been covered into the Treasury and direct appropriations made,. the amount carried in the

LX--286

sundry civil bill for the next fiscal year would haTe exceede(l the amount appropriated for tbe present year by many millions of dollars.

The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman from Tennessee has expired.

1\fr. BYRNS of Tennessee. I ask for three minutes more. 1\lr. SIMS. I ask that the gentleman may have five minutes,

because I want to ask him a question. The SPEAKER. Th~ gentleman from Tennessee asks that

the time of his colleague be extended five minutes. Is there objection?

There was no objection. Mr. BYRNS of Tennessee. I will yield first to the gentleman

trorn ~Iinnesota. 1\Ir. KNUTSO~. Is it not true that the appropriations which

the gentleman refers to are made necessary by Democratic ex· travagance?

Mr. BYRNS o~ Tennessee. No, indeed. This Congress bad an opportunity to reduce the clerical employees of this Govern­ment, and these appropriations are for the next fiscal year, which will be under Republican administration. A large part of these appropriations are made for the purpose of paying clerical help during this next fiscal year.

1\Ir. KNUTSON. Why have not the departments reduced the clerical service?

1\fr. BYRNS of Tenne see. The number of employees in the departments were greatly increased during the war, and Con· gress made appropriations for that purpos9y but the war has been over nearly three years. The Republican Party has had control of both branches of Congress for the last two years, and why has not Congress cut them down?

1\Ir. KNUTSON. It could not. The gentleman from Texas wanted to go through the departments and take photographs of the idle help and permission was refused him.

Mr. SillS. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Mr. BYRNS of Tennessee. Yes. Mr. Sil\fS. I call attention to tile statement made by the

gentleman from Iowa [1\fr. GooD] with reference to the labor board. The labor board is composed of nine members ; three of them are selected from nominations made by the railways them· selves through their association of execuU\"es; three are made from nominations made by the employees themselves through their organizations; and three are appointed fl'bm the public. The gentleman from Iowa said that nat one of them had ever received over $3,000 a year as compensation for any position which he had ever held. The gentleman from Tennessee knows better than I do that the chairman of that board was a illS· tinguished jurist from Tenn.essee, Judge Barton, before he was appointed to serve on the labor board. He was a judge in the court of appeals and, I think, temporarily a justice of the supreme court, at the salary commensurate with such judicial position in Tennessee. I do not think the gentleman from Iowa [lUr. GooD] knew the facts, or be would not have left any such impression as he did. The President could not pack the board. because he could only appoint three of his own motion, and one of three agreeing \Yith four of the others appointed from lists furnished to him can make a valid decision of any dispute submitted.

Mr. BYRNS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, I am v~ry glad that my colleague made that statement, because it is a complete answer to any possible criticism that could be offered by the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. GOOD] with reference to the board.

I do not intend to ask the indulgence of the House for a further extension, but I do want to call attention to the fact that in addition to the amounts stated by the gentleman from Iowa as appropriations made for the current year there are deficiencies which must be met to meet the expenditures of the Government. For instance, this Congress has passed at this session one deficiency bill carrying on its face $275,256,003.51.

In addition to this, it rea.ppropriates out of unexpended funds of the Navy Department the sum of $114,000,000 for naval pur­poses. It also authorizes a credit for the Navy Department with the Treasury Department i.p. the sum of approximately, $285,000,000 for naval stores, and so forth, for which money, was advanced by the Treasury Department. This really amounts to an appropriation of that sum. and hence it may be said that the deficiency bill recently passed by Congress car­ries an appropriation of $674,256,005.51. These two sums ug. gregating $399,000,000 have not been taken into account in tl1e figures submitted as to the charges made upon the Trer:sury by Congress at this session.

If these sums are added to the sum of $3,806,029,6-17.72, the amount of appropriations for the fiscal year 1922, including deficiencies for 1921, made at this session,. as set forth by the

4542 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. ]\f.lliCH 4,

chairman of the committee, it will be seen that the total amount of these appropriations are $4,205,029,647.72, to which there is yet to be added the deficiency appropriation which will be made at the coming extra session, and the reappropriations made in the regular annual supply bills. For it is in no sense a Yiolent assumption to say that at the special session which will be called in the spring necessarily there will ha\e to be another deficiency bill carrying what amount no one can now say. I wish to repeat what I have said, that the record as made by this .session of Congress as compared even with the last session of this Congress, saying nothing of the appropriations made for the fiscal year 1916, the last full fiscal year before the war, fails utterly to substantiate those claims of economy which we ha\e so often heard upon the floor of this House. [Applause on the Democratic side.]

By leave extended, I append a statement showing appropria­tions made in the regular supply bills for the fiscal rears 1Dlfl, 1921, and 1922. I refer to the appropriations for the year 1916 because it was the last full fiscal year before the United States entered the war, and Congress at that time was under Demo­cratic control. The total nppropriations, including permanent, miscellaneous, and deficiencies for the year 1916, amounted to $1.114,937,012.02, which is much less than one-fourth of the amount appropriated, including permanent, miscellaneous, an<l deficiencies, for the year 1921, and but little o1er one-fourth of the total u.mount which has been appropriated up to this time for the year 1922.

Appropriations, Appropriations, Appropriations, fiscal year 1916. fiScal year 1921. • fiscal yc~r 1922.

Agriculture .................. . Army ........................ . Diplomatic and Consular ..... . District of Columbi.l ......... . Fortificatiom ................ . Indian ....................... .

S22, 971,782.00 103,0-l-l,009.2l

4, 061, 280. 01 11, s:m, 58i. 45

6, 06J, 216. 90 9, 771, (){)2. 76

L~gis!a~ive, executive, an::l JUdiCial..................... 36,90t, 799.75

Pensions........ . . . . . . . • . . . . . . 16!, 100, OGO. 00 Post Office.................... 313, 36!,667. (}J Rivers and harbors............ 30, 000, 000. 00 Sundry civil (including S1R,-

600,000 for hospitals for 1922). 126,922, 75J. 79 Navy (1922 as passej by the

Jal, 712, 7!H. 00 39!, 700,577.70

9, 22), 537. 91 18, 373, 00 l. 87 18, 833, 442. 0) 10, 02J, 555.27

105,57\l, 610.ll 279, 150, OOJ. OJ 50i, 431, 700. OJ

12, 400, OOJ. OJ

43-5, 81~, 803.92

$31,401,239. 0) 316, 70.3, 905. 80

9, 326, 550. 7:1 19, 41.2,412. 9) 8, 03'l, 017.0) 9,761,55!.67

110,3!5,01~. 75 265, 50J, OOJ. OJ 57 t, 057,552. OJ

15, 250, OJJ. OJ

402, itl3, 76J. 41

House) ...................... 119,661,861.88 433,27il,57LOJ 3JU,O:H,2+9.23 Grand total, regular ------·1-----·--

annual appropriation I acts ................... 978,722,857.78 2,254,.Ht,.j92.78 · 2,193,597,281.64

To these sums there must be added the amounts of the perma­nent, miscellaneous, and deficiency appropriations which were made for the respective years ..

MESSAGE FROM THE SE!\' ATE. A message from the Senate, by Mr. CraYeu, one of its clerks,

announced that the Senate had passed bill of the following title, in which the concurrence of the Hou:;e of Repre~entath·es was requested:

An act (S. 5048) to survey the Yazoo RiYer, 1\Iiss., "ith a view to the control of its floods.

FUNERAL CEREMONIES FOR THE LATE REPRESE:'\L\TI"E CLARK OF . MISSOURI.

1\lr. "\V .A.LSH. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that a record of the exercises to-morrow at the funeral of former Speaker CLARK may be printed in the RECORD.

The SPEAKER. The gentleman asks lmanimous consent that a report of the exercises to-morrow at the funeral of ex-Speaker CLARK may be printed in the RECORD. Is there objection?

There was no objection.

COMMITTEE TO WAIT ON THE Pl!ESIDE~T. ~Ir. MONDELL. Mr. Speaker, I present the following reso­

lution and ask its adoption. The SPEAKER. The Clerk \Yill report the resolution. The Clerk read as follows:.

House resolution 711. Resolved, That a committee of three Members be appointed by the

Speaker to join a similar committee to be appointed by the '<'nate to wait on the President of the United States and inform him that the two Houses are ready to adjourn unless the President has some communica­tion to make to them.

The SPEAKER. The question is on agL·eeing to the resolu­tion.

The resolution was agreed to. The SPEAKER appointed as members of the committee on the

part of the House 1\1~. MoNnELL, l\fr. FonoKEY, and 1\lr. G.\.RRETT.

EXTENSION 01.- r.Eli .\r.KS.

Mr. HEXllY T. RAIXE¥. ).Jr. Speaker, after 18 years of serYice here I would like to say a word of farewell to my friends on both sides of the Chamber.

During the period of my sen·ice I Lt ve dbcharged eYery duty de1olving upon me conscientiou ly and to the very best of my ability. I ha1e kept the faith. I luwe ~een control here pass from one great party to the other and back again. Xo man has a Yested right to a place in thi~ hod.r. He .·erves at the will of his constituents. He comes and goes fll:i they direct. The pendulum has S\YUng the other \Yay Ull(l the time ha · come for me to go. I bow to the will of my constituents. I leave without regret-without heart burnings but with n deep feel­ing of gratitude to my constituency whicl.l has nine times elected me a Member of this body. In tllis Republic the people are the sovereigns. I have ceased to sene. I have become one of the sovereigns and there are more than 100,000,000 of them. In a few minutes as the hands of the clock reach the llonr of 12 o'clock noon my period of sen·ice ends. I am at the \ery fullness of my physical and mental po,yer~. I nm better equipped at this moment to sene here than I haYe e,·er been, and I am better equipped than I have eYer been to assume in this great Republic the duties of a private citizen. There are graYe problem~ confronting the Nation, more serious than tho e which confronted us at the outbreak of the \"forld \Tar, but I ha \e confidence iu the patriotism. in the loyalty, and in the judgments which will be rendered in the future by the people of this Republic. As I stand here and my period of sen·ice draws to a close, I can conscientiou ly say that at all times I ha1e been prompted not by per onal ambition, not by any desire for personal aggrandizement, I have not sought promotion nnd honors, but I have labored at all times for the ad,·ancement of those measures and for those propositions which in the best of my judgment made for the prosperity, and the success, and the perpetuity of this great Government and for the progress and the happiness of all the people who owe allegiance to the flag. During the period of my ~ervice here I have dischargecl my full sllare of the work. I have had my full share of the honors.

This is the greatest deliberative body in the world. All Members meet here on a common level; equal opportunities for success and 11referment are open to all. In this forum what a man accomplislles depends upon himself. Merit, ability, allll hard work recei ,.e here their reward . Advancement in thif; body depend-s upon the efforts of the individual :Member, upou his capacity for work, upon the qualities with which be has been endo\Yed. It does not depend in any measure upon the successes of his ancestors in any field of human endeavor. It does not depend in any measure upon the possession of great wealth. Succes~ or failure depends solely upon ability, mental endowment, courage, capacity, and a willingness to work.

I have . ened here through the most interesting and the most tense period of our national life. During the period of my seniee our system of collecting revenues for the support of this great Go1ermnent has been completely changed, an<l we ha\e embarked upon new and potent methods of levying and collecting taxe~. During my period of sen·lce our tariffs have been re,·ised twice and another revision is•pendin~. During my period of service labor has been recognized and has been given the right to be re1)l"esented in the council chamber of the President of the United States. Equal franchise has been extended and the accident of sex is no longer a qualification for suffrage. 1Ye ha\e become since I came here the greatest shipbuilding Nation in the world and the greatest shipowning Nation. And since I carne here the greatest war in the history of nations has been. fought and won, and we have mobilized and sent to a front, which was located across one of the world's great oceans, oYer 2,000,000 men. In addition to that, 2,000,000 more were at the close of the war in training in the military camps we established across the continent. l\liracles of finance have been accomplished, and the legislation which made all this possible has originated here in the House of Representatives, and I haYe had an active part in all of it. I have had my full share in the work which has made possible all these accom­plishments.

The part~· to which I do not belong is charged now with responsibilities graYer e\en than confronted the Nation when the party to which I do belong was in control and the wild alarm of war rang through the land. The incoming President and his adYisers are entitled to the confidence and the support of eyery loyal citizen in their efforts to solve the great economic problems which confront the Nation. I believe that the theories and the principles to which the Democratic Party adhere are better adapted to the emergencies of the hour than the theories

1921. CONGR.ESSIOK 1\.L RECORD-HOUSE. 4543 and the principles of the party which in a few minutes will be in control of every branch of this Government. But by a ma­jority unprecedented in the history of the Nation the people have spoken, and the incoming administration is entitled to the confidence and the loyalty and the support of all.

I believe in constructive criticism. The success of our ystem of government depends upon it, and us the months quickly pass I expect to exercise as a pri\ate citizen my right to discuss and to criticize in a constructive way the attempts of my colleagues on the other side of the Chamber to meet the new problems which confront the Nation. If they meet them successfully, no man will be more ready to applaud than I, and if they fail, and I hope the3· will not fail, r~o man in private life will be more willing than I to assist them in converting failure into victory. The \ictories ''"e must achie\e in the future are not party vic­tories, and can not be.

As I stand here there comes sweeping over me tender memo­I'ies extending over the entire period of my long service in the Congress, and it would be useless for me to say that without regret I now sever my .connections with my friends on both sides of this Chamber. I have stood with you and worked with you in the successful solution of the problems which have con­fronted us in the greatest crisis which ever confronted the Nation-when the civilization of the world trembled in the balance. I have stood with you and worked with you during the period of the transformation which has occurred in our taxing system. I could recall, as I stand here, the great achieve­ments of the party to which I belong, which was in absolute control of the affairs of our Go\ernment during the greatest crisis in our history as a Nation and in those achievements as you all know I had an active part. I could as I stand here call attention to the failures of the party to which I do not belong, during the two years just past, when that party was responsible for legislation; and I could call attention to the bills which passed one House before the election and which still remain upon the calendar and have not been enacted into law, but this is not the time to do that and I do not feel like doing it.

I only remember now the pleasant incidents connected with my service here. I only recall the fortunate friendships vvhich ha \e been mine on both sides of this Chamber. In forensic debate in this Chamber I have endeavored to meet all comers. Some­times, I think I may be pardoned at this moment in saying, the \ictory has been mine. I hope I will not be charged with egotism in making this statement. To achieve a victory or to e-ven hold your own with the trained debaters on the other side of this Chamber is an achievement of which any man may feel justly proud. l\Iany times I have felt that I have been beaten on this floor but to confess defeat at the hands of the able opponents in debate on the other side of this Chamber, who have

· sened here in the last 18 years, is not humiliating. Contests on this floor, bitter as they may appear to the public, are not personal in their nature. They are contests not. of man but of ideas. I will leave this body congratulating myself chiefly upon the fact, and I belieYe it to be a fact, that I lea\e no personal enemies here but only friends, and as I leave, I wish you all happiness, and health, and prosperity, and length of days. I bid you all adieu. [Applause.]

l\Ir. Sl\.1ALL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex-tend my remarks in the RECORD.

The SPEAKER. Is there objection? There was no objection. l\ir. WELTY. ~1r. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to

extend my remarks in the RECORD. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? There was no objection. lUr. ·McCLINTIC. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent

that all Members who are going out of Congress, that is, all retiring l\Iembers, have a right to extend their remarks in the REcoRD on their services in this House.

The SPEAKER. 'l'he gentleman from Oklahoma asks unani­mous consent that all retiring Members haYe the right to ex­tend their remarks in the RECORD in the manner indicated. Is there objection?

There was no objection .. ORDER OF DUSI -ESS.

l\Ir. l\10NDELL. l\fr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that I may address the House for 10 minutes.

The SPEAKER Is there objection. There was no objection. 1\Ir. BYRl\'ES of South Carolina. l\lr. Speaker, will not the

gentleman ask in that connection that I may address the House for five minutes?

l\Ir. 1\iONDELL. l\Jr. Speaker, I am very glad to yield the floor in order that the gentleman from South Carolina may have five minutes.

l\Jr. BYR~"ES of South Carolina. 1\lr. Speaker, I ask unani­mous consent to address the House for fiye minutes.

The SPEAKER. Is there objection? There was no objection.

MESSAGE FRO)! THE SEX ATE. A message from the Senate, by ::Ur. Crockett, one of its clerks,

announced that the Senate had passed with amendments the bill (H. n. 8032) to provide for the erection of memorials and the entombment of bodies in the Arlington Memorial Amphi­theater in Arlington National Cemetery, Ya., in which the con­cmTence of the House of RepresentatiYes was requested.

ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. l\lr. RAi\ISEY, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported

that they had examined and found truly enrolled bills of the following titles, when the Speaker signed the same :

H. R 15422. An act makjng appropriations for snntlry civil expEnses of the GoYernment for the ti ~cal year ending June 30, 1922, and for other l)Urposes.

H. n. 10104. An act to renew patent No. ~5909. H. n. 12161, An act to amend an act entitled "An act to

codify, revise, and amend ~he penal la"'S of the "Cnited States," aproved 1\Iarch 4, 1909 (35 Stat. L., p. 1134).

H. R. 14490. An act to transfer the Panhandle and Plains sec­tion of Texas and Oklahoma to the United States standard central time zone.

H. R. 9036. An act to repeal and annul certain parts of the charter and lease granted and made to the \fa hington Market Co. by act of Congress entitled "An act to incorporate the 'Vashington Market Co.," approved l\1ay 20, 1870.

H. R. 8032. An act to pro\icle for the erection of memorials and the entombment of bodies in the Arlington Memorial Am­phitbeater in Arlington National Cemetery, Ya.

SEXATE DILLS AND JOINT llESOLt:TIOXS REFERRED. Under clause 2,. Uule XXIV, Senate joint resolutions and

bills of the following titles were taken from the Speaker's table and referred to their appropriate committees as indicated below:

S. J. Res. 255. Joint resolution admitting Emil _S. Fischer to the rights and priYilege!:; of a citizen of the United States; to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization.

S. 5044. An act granting the consent of Congress for the construction of a bridge across the Savannah River near Haileys Ferry and between the counties of Anderson, S. C., and Hart, Ga.; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce.

S. J. Res. 238. Joint resolution authorizing the President to require the "United States Sugar Equalization Board to take over and dispose of 13,902 tons of sugar imported from the Argentine Republic; to the Committee on Agt·iculture.

S. 2252. An act making an appropriation to pay the State of 1\lassachusetts for expenses incurred and paid at the re­quest of the President in protecting the harbors and fortifying the coast during the Civil War; to the Committee on Claims.

S. 4859. An act for the relief of certain e:x:-senice men whose rights to make entries on the North Platte irrigation project, Nebraska-Wyoming, were defeated by intervening claims; to the Committee on the Public Lands. •

S. 4421. An act securing rights of way and easements over public land in connection with the Federal irrigation projects· to the Committee on Irrigation of Arid Lands. '

S. 5048. An act to survey the Yazoo River, 1\liss., with a view to the control of its floods; to the Committee on Flood Control. ENROLLED BILLS PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT FOR HIS APPROVAL.

1\Ir. RAl\ISEY, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported that tllis day they had presented to the President of the United States, for his approval, the following bills:

H. n. 13538. An act for the purpose of improving the facilities and service of the Bureau of War Risk Insurance, and of fur­ther amending and modifying the war I'isk insurance act, as amended;

H. R. 1299. An act for the relief of George Le Clear; H. R. 14669. An act for the consolidation of forest lands in

the Carson National Forest, N.Mex., and for other purposes; H. R. 11851. An act authorizing the exchange of lands within

the Rainier National Forest, in the State of Washington, and for other purposes ;

H. R. 15861. An act to confirm private claim No. 61 of Am­broise Reopel in to,vnships 2 and 3 south, range 11 east, 1\Iichi­gan meridian, 'Vayne County, l\Jich.;

H. R. 3984. An act for the relief of Thomas Bayton and Bertha 1\l. Hartt;

H. R. 15085. An act to perpetuate the memory of the Chicka­saw and Seminole Tribes of Indians in Oklahoma:

•

. C0.1:JGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. ~lARCH 4,

H. R. 15894. An act providing additi-onal hospital facilities for patients of the Bureau of War Risk In_s~~nce and of t;h~ Federal Board for Vocational Education, DIVISIOn of Rehabili-

H. R. 14490. An act to transfer the Panhandle and Plains section of Texas and Oklahoma to the United States sta.n{lard central time zone.

APPROPRIATIONS. tation, and for other purposes;, . . . H. R. 10883. An act authoriZmg the counties of Beaufort, 1\lr. BYRNES of South Ca1·olina. :Mr. Speaker, I desire to

ft C., and Chatham, Ga., to construct a bridge across the make only a few remarks with :reference to the financial state­Savanna.li River at or near Savannah, Ga~; 'ment read by the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. Goon], the chair-

IT. R. 10D6.3. An act granting the consent of Congre~s for the man of the Committee on Appropriations, and which I presume construction of a bridge across the Savannah River near will be referred to by the gentleman from Wyoming [Mr. 1\IoN­Haileys Ferry and between the counties of Anderson, S. C., DELL]. I think it absolutely essential that in making a state-ana Hart, Ga.; k ment of the expenditures of the Government we should endeavor

n. R. 16076. An act authorizing bestowal UJ?On the un ~nown, not to mislead the peop~ as to the runouht of money tilat is unidentified British soldier buried in ,:Westm~nst~r Abbey and actually to be expended. If you will take the statement pre­the' unknoW!l, unidentified French soldter buried m the Arc de pared by the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. Goon] you will find r:rriomphe of the congressional medal o~ h~mor; . . that he includes the naval bill as it passed the House in order

H. H. 13422. An act making appropriations for ~nclry c1:11 thereby to show a reduction in the appropriation below those of

expenses of the Government for the fiscal year endmg June .,o, the current year. When the naval bill went to the Sennte, 19~2 and for other purposes; however, the Senate added $100,000,000, and if the press is to be

u' n 9036 An act to repeal and annul certain parts of the believed, President-elect Harding stated that he favored the c:h:u:te;· and iease granted and made to tile Wu~hington Market bill as it was reported to the Senate. When it is passed, instead Co. by act of Congress entitled "An act to_ mcorporate th~ of our being able to say to the taxpayers of America that we Washington 1\Iarket Co.," appro\ed May 20, ~8·0; haYe reduced the appropriations below the current year, if the

H. n. 1010:1:. An act to renew patent No. 2J909; . bill is passed as it has been reported to the Senate, we will H. n. 1:1:400. An act to transfer the Panhandle and Plmns sec- haYe to admit that the appropriations in the regular supply

tion of Texas and Oklahoma to tile United States standard bills show an increase of $20,971,375 over the current year. central time zone; . " Instead of reducing appropriations, this Congress, which has

H 11 12161 An act to amend an act entltle<l An act to been in session 74 days, has expended the money of the people at C()(lify, ~·evise, ;ncl amend the penal laws of the United States," the rate of $47,000,000 a day, and yet it is claimed that this is appro\etl March 4, 1909 (35 Stat. L., p. 1134) ; !lnd . an economy Congress. The statement of direct appropriations,

H. n. 8032. An act to provide for the erection of me.monals however, does not tell one-half the story, because my friend r.nd the entombment of bodies in the Arlington l\Iemonal Am- from ·wyoming [l\lr. MoxnELL] will not tell the country that in vhitheater in Arlington National Cemetery, Va. addition to the direct appropriations set forth in the statement

The message also announced that the President had approved which has been read to-day we included in the sundry civil bill bills and joint resolutions of the followi~g titles: . . legislation which authorizes the Shipping Board to expend

H. R. 15422. An act making appropriatwns. for ~undry Clvrl $147,000,000 from the amount received from sale of ships and expenses of the Government for the fiscal year endmg June 30, operations. 1922, and for other purposes;. . . . . . And then we put in the deficiency appr~priaUon a little pro-

H. J. Res. 426. Joint resolution prondmg for the lJ~mgmg to vision, which reads as follows: tl!e United States of tl1e body of an un~.own Amencan, who And out of any funds in the Trea[ury not otherwise appropriated an was a member of the American Expeditionary Forces, who amount equal to the value of all tores in the naval supply account on served in Europe and lost his life during .tl1e World \yar, and March 31, 1921.

or the burial of the remains with appropnate ceremomes; Which was the way the gentleman from Iowa had of apP'ro-H. R. 10883. An .act authorizing the counties of Beaufort, S. C., priating $385,000,000 to be made available for the Navy De­

and Chatham, Ga., to construct a bridge across the Savannah partment. Add that to your $147,000,000 for the Shipping Board Hir-er at or near Savannah, Ga.; and it is mare than $500,000,000 unaccounted for by this stMe-

R. R. 16076. An act authorizing bestowal upon the unknown, ment .and which will be paid by the taxpayers. If reduced unidentified British soldier buried in Westminster Abbey and estimates mean a saving to tile people, why did you not reduce. the unknown. unidentified French soldier buried in the Arc de the taxes at the time you reduced the estimates? Instead of Tr1omphe of the congressional medal of honor; that, the only effort made in respect to revenue legislation was

H. J. lles. 346. Joint resolution extending the time for pay- to increase the tariff duties in the emergency tariff bill. My ment of purchase money on homestead entries in the former Republican friends day in and day out made the charge that we Stan<ling Rock Indian Resenation, in the States of North and kept in the service of the Government too many clerical em-South Dakota, and for other purposes; plorees, and then here at this session of Congress they increase

II. n. 1299. An act for the relief of George Le Clear; the legislati\e, executive, and judicial appropriation bill by H. R. 3984. An act for the relief of Thomas Bayton and Bertila $6,000,000, thereby assuring the country tha~ there will be an

l\L Hartt; f th increased number of clerical employees durmg the next year H. R.J.0963. An act grunting the consent of .congress or. e instead of a decreased number. If this be normalc '• then good

ron.·truction of a bridge across the Savannah lliver near Baileys Lord deliver me from normalcy. [AppJause on the Democratic Ferry and between the counties of Anderson, S. C., and Hart, .Gfi: ; side-.]

H. n.ll851. An act authorizing the exchange of lands Wlthin l\Ir. 1\IONDELL. 1\lr. Speaker, the gentleman from South the Rainier Kational Fore t, in the State of WaslliUn<rton, and for Carolina [l\1r. BYilli."ES] has a logical mind but he is not accurate oilier purposes; . in his expression. He attempts to make us believe .thnt a pro­

H. R. 14069. An act for the consolidation of forest lands m vision in the sundry civil bill whim limited expend1~re added the Carson National Forest, N. 1\Iex., and for other purpos~s; to expenditures. The provision to which be referred, mstend of

H. n. 1508.5. An act to perpetuate the memory of the Clucka- maklnrr more money available, limited the amount of money ;;;uw and Seminole Tribes of Indians in Oklahoma; now appropriated and a\ailable which could be spent. It was · H. R. 15861. An act to confirm private claim Ko. 61 of.~- a limitation, not an appropriation. . hroii'e lleopel in township 2 and 3 south, range 11 east, 1\flchi- The Sixty-sixth Congre~s, the first Congress foHowmg t:.J:e rran meridian, Wayne County, l\1ich.; Great War, has completed its work and left behini! it a splendl<l ~- H. n.. 15894. An act providing additional hospital facilities record of achievement and accomplishment. The Congress be­for patients of the Bure~u of War R_isk In?~r~ce and of ~h.e gan its labors in the trying period ~f I'eadj:ustment imme­Federal Board for Vocational Education, Dlviswn of llehabih· diately follo\ving the -wur, and has earned out 1ts programs of tation, and for other purposes; . . . 'legislation and appropriations handi.capped by serious <liffer-

ll. J. Res. 480 .• Joint resolution making an appropi'Iat:ton to ences of opinion existing between the Congress and the ad-pay the widow of CHAMP CLARK ; ministration. The great reductions in Government expendit':lre

H. R. 8032. An act to provide for the erection of memorials which the Congress accomplished were. undertaken and cani~ ancl the entombment of bodies in the Arlington Memorial A.mphi- out in the face of extravagant expenditure and enormous estl­theater in Arlington National Cemetery, Va.; mates made by the administration. Notwithstanuing all these

H. R. 9036. An act to repeal and annul -certai~ parts of the difficulties the record of the Congress in constructive legis­charter and lease granted and made to the Washmgton Market lation an<l in economy in appropriations is a highly creditable Co. by act of Congress entitled ".An act to incorporate the one in eYery particular and from e...-ery view-point. '\"'asbington 1\!arket Oo.," approved May 20, 1870; THE SESSION ~OW CLOSIXG.

H R 10104 An act to renew patent No. 25909; a ri. 12161. An act to amend Q.n act entitled. "An act t~ Tbe session now closing has made a most remarkable record codify, revise, and a.m.end the penal laws of tlle Umted States, for close and businesslike attention to business -and fo'-' the approYed March 4, 1909 (35 Stat. L., p. 1134) ; and completion of the legislative program without the rush and con­

•

1921. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4545 fusion which generally characte1izes the closing hours. of a Congress.

With the exception of the na-val bill, which failed in the Senate by reason of sharp differences of opinion with regard to naval program and expenditures, all of the appropriation bills and all legislation before the Congress of an urgent char· acter passed both Houses and was presented to the President.

The adjournment of this Congress marks the passing of the first period of reconstruction following the Great War. It lea\es the counh·y still in a technical state of war with the German Imperial Go\ernment, owing to the veto by the Presi· dent of the peace resolution, but it closes its sessions with the war laws repealed and with the foundation laid for the further development of constructive policies to meet the new conditions which confront the country and the world.

The record for economy in the face of a confirmed habit of Government extravagance begotten of the war is most credit· able. During the three sessions of the Congress the estimates made by the administration have been scaled down, as re­flected in appropriations, and decreased in the enormous sum of 3,323,814,607.74.

In detail these reductions have been as follows: First sessio? : Savin~ on 8 regular ~upply bills____ $939, 692, 541. 97 ~ econd session: Savlllg on supply billS----------- 1, 474,422,602. 16 Third se sion : Saving on supply bills__________ 909, 699, 463. 61

Total----------------------------------- 3,323,814,607.74 If to this enormous saving below the estimates we add the

saving in the naval bill as it passed the House the total sav· ings of the Congress below the estimates of the Wilson admin· istration runs into the enormous total of $3,607,329,089.98.

The appropriations carried in the regular annual bills of this session, pro\iding as they do for the next .fiscal year, are approximately $42,000,000 less than appropriations for the cur· rent fiscal year for the same services. If we include in our calculations the nayal bill, which failed in the Senate, at the figures at which it pasSed the House the reduction below the appropriations for the current year is $79,000,000, and taking into consideration all appropriations, regular, annual, and in· definite, the appropriations for the next fiscal year are about $70,000,000 less than for the current year, and including the naval bill as it passed the House, $205,000,000 less.

The total volume of constructive legislation of the Congress is enormous, beginning with the return of the railroads, the telephone and telegraph lines to private management and end· ing with the repeal of the war laws, and embracing many reform and constructive measures of important and far-reach· ing character.

I shall enumerate but a very few of the more important enactments of the Congress, as follows:

The adoption of the woman suffrage amendment. The placing on the statute books of a complete and compre­

hensive national prohibition law. The enactment of liberal provisions for vocational training

and rehabilitation of wounded soldiers and sailors and the making of generous appropriations for the same.

The railway transportation act. The Army reorganization act. Merchant marine shipping act. The oil and coal land leasing law. The water power act. The act for the vocational rehabilitation of persons disabled

in indus try. The Civil Service retirement act. The act establishing a Woman's Bureau. Act reclassify~ng and readjusting salaries of postal em­

ployees. Act increasing pensions to veterans of the Civil, Mexican,

and Spanish-American wars. Act largely increasing compensation of injured veterans of

the World 1Var. Resolution to create a joint commission for the reorganization

of the administrative branch of the Government. Appropriation of $50,000,000 to provide relief for suffering

populations in Europe. Important amendments to the Federal reserre act. Act for the regulation of immigration. Act making provisions for new, additional, and increased hos·

pital and hospital facilities for veterans of the World War. The appropriation bills, in addition to carrying sums sufficient

to properl_y conduct all the Government activities, have provided liberally for the compensation, care, hospital treatment and vocational and rehabilitation of war veterans. '

In addition to these measures that have become laws the Con· gress :passed a resolution establishing a condition of peace, which met 'a presidential yet~. The Congress enacted a comprehensive

budget statute, which met a like fate, and but yesterday the urgency tariff legislation was defeated by presidential veto. These measures should all have become law and their failure is in no wise the fault of the Congress.

Notwithstanding the veto of the executive budget act, the Con­gress so modified its rules as to provide for a single appropri­ating committee and the appropriations of this session have been reported and presented to the House by such a committee, thus inaugurating an up-to.date legislative budget plan.

View the work of the Congress as you may-from the stand­point of comprehensive, forward-looking legislation, of economy in appropriations, or of business-like conduct of the public affairs-and it is a most creditable one, creditable alike to the membership of the Congress and to the great constituencies they represent. [Applause.)

ORDER OF F.:XERCISES.

The SPEAKER. The Chair has been reque ted to announce that the order of exercise~ will be that when the House does adjourn sine die, which is in about 12 minutes, the Sergeant at Arms and the Speaker will proceed down the center aisle and then Members will fall in as nearly as may be in the order of seniority and march o\er to the Senate and there will be an .. nounced.

EXTEN SIO~ OF REMARKS.

Mr. l\10~DELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to extend my remarks in the RECORD.

Mr. KING. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to object--1\11'. McCLL.~TIC. Mr. Speaker, I want to couple with that

that the gentleman from Texas [Mr. CoNNALLY] extend his re­marks on the Shipping Board and--

The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. SNELL. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to object, I

object to any unanimous-consent request that the gentleman from Oklahoma makes at this time.

Mr. l\IONDELL. l\lr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to extend my remarks along the general character that I have out .. lined. ,

Mr. McCLINTIC. Reserving the right to object, I want to ask that Mr. CoNNALLY of Texas be allowed to extend his re­marks along with those of l\Ir. MoNDELL.

1\.Ir. KING. Reserving the right to object-­Mr. STEE...~ERSON. 1\Ir. Speaker, I object. Mr. McCLINTIC. Then I object to all of them.

WORK OF JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING.

Mr. KIESS. l\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to pro­ceed for two minutes.

The SPEAKER. Is thei'e objction? [After a pause.} The Chair hears none.

Mr. KIESS. Mr .. Speaker, one of the duties of the Joint Com­mittee on Printing, of which I have the honor of bein(T Vice chairman, is to authol'ize the Public Printer to purchase bpaper for the public printing and binding. It has been customary to advertise during January of each year for bids to furnish paper · for o~e year be?in?ing Marc4. 1. On January 31 the Joint Comrruttee on Prmting opened b1ds for approximately 55 000 ()()() pounds o~ P!lr>er for the public printing and binding for 'the year begmnmg March 1, 1921. Although the prices nn.med for paper. were considerably less than the open-market price. the comrmttee felt that it would be to the best interest o:t the Government to reject all bids and readvertise for three and six months' supply instead of for the year. This was done and the new bids were opened on February 21, and contracts were awarded on February 25 for three months' supply of paper beginning with March 1, 1921.

The Members of the House I feel sure will be interested in knowing that by, read-vertising the committee saved $171,159.56 on three months supply of paper, or an estimated savin(Y on the year's supply of $684.638.25. On one item of 7 oo0 000 pounds of Bristol board for printing postal cards the' sati.nO' was $95,900 for the year. b

The committee feels that the saving of nearly $700 000 on one year's supply of paper fully justifies its action in ~jecting the first bids a~d readvertising.

A.NNOU~CEME~T.

l\lr. l\IANN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I hope Members of the House will not leave the Chamber, as the custom is to marcb' over in a body, and then we have got another ceremony that ought to be performed.

RESOL"L""TION OF THANKS TO THE SPEAKER.

The SPEAKER. The gentleman from lllinois [Mr. HENRY T. RAINEY] will please take the chair,

Mr. ~TRY T. RA~Y took the chair. [Applause.]

Lt546 CONGRESSION".AL RECORD-HOUSE. l\1..1.RCH 4,

The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair· recognizes the gen­tleman from Tennessee [1\Ir. GARRETT].

l\Ir. GARHETT. l\Ir. Speaker, I offer the resolution which I send to the Clerk's desk

The SPE.\KER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the reso­lution.

The Clerk read as follows: House resolution 7'12.

Rcsolred, That the thanks of this House are presented to the Hon. F. ll. GILLETT, Speaker of the House of Representatives, for the able, impartial, and dignified manner in which he has presided over its de­liberations and performed the arduous and important duties of the Chair dur.mg the present term of Congress.

[.Applause. J l\Ir. GARRETT. l\fr. Speaker, the resolution which I haxe

offered, and v,·hich has just been read, is in the usual form, but I wish to say that it is not offered merely as a matter of con­Yention. It expresses the genuine and sincere feeling of the Members who ha\e observed the fairness, the dignity, the calm­ness. an'd the resoluteness with which the Speaker has presided m-er the deliberations of this body throughout the past two years. It giYes me particular pleasure on behalf of those o:t this side of the Chamber to present this resolution, thus ex­pressing our sincere feeling. [Applause.]

l\lr. Speaker, I ask for a yote. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the adoption

of the resolution. The question was taken, and the resolution was unanimously

agreed to. The SPEAKER resumed the chair amidst loud applause, the

1\Iembers rising. The SPEAKER. l\Iy colleagues, I am deeply sensible of the

accumulated kindnesses of the last two years, of which this complimentary resolution is the culmination. When I began my duties here I asked your assistance and cooperation. You ha\e giYen it more bountifully than I could haYe imagined, and I appreciate that to that is due whateYer success I may have achieYed. From the bottom of my heart I thank you. The duties of this office are partly political and partly judicial. Fortunately for me, the past two years have been unusually free from partisan rancor and bitterness, which has made it easier for me to keep my political fidelity and at the same time try to execute and administer the rules of the House with judicial impartiality. If I have at all succeeded, that has been my ambition. I haYe exceedingly enjoyed these two years, and I appreciate that it is because of your courtesy and kindness. for I know how easy it would have been for you to have made it difficult for me and how often you must have been tempted to do so.

I appreciate your forbearance and self-restraint. Particu­larly do I appreciate how much is due to the kindness and generosity of the minority leader, :M:r. CLA.RK, whose death we all so deplore, and also to his lieutenant, Mr. KITCHIN, whose ill health we regret, but whom we all sincerely hope will be with us next session in full health and vigor. [Applause.] And I ought not to fail to mention the sympathetic and cordial sup­port which I have unfailingly received from the majority leader. In fact, my friends, to you one and all I owe and feel heartfelt thanks. For every man here I feel cordial friendship. There have been some little passages which I might have wished otherwise, but I have used philosophy and haYe forgotten them and they have left no sting. For every Member I ha ,-e warm friendship.

We are about to separate. You all carry with you my earnest wishes for your health and prosperity, and I hope that you reciprocate. The Sixty-sixth Congress is ended. Our legisla­tion is history. It is beyond our power to impair or improve. We can all join in the hope that our laborious and conscientious efforts have been in some measure a benefit to our country.

And now, in accordance with the mandate of the Constitution, I declare the House of Representatives of the Sixty-sixth Con­gress adjourned without day. [Loud applause.]

ADJO"'O"RNMENT.

Accordingly (at 12 o'clock noon) the House adjournell sin~ die.

EXECUTIVE COM:\IUNICATIONS, ETC.

Under clause 2 of Rule L"{IV, executiYe communications werP taken from the Speaker's table ani:l referred as follows:

4~4. A letter from the Chairman of Arlington Memorial Com­mif'sion, transmitting final report upon the construction and completion of the memorial amphitheater and chapel which has been erected in the National Cemetery at Arlington, Va., by authority of Congress; to the Committee on the Library.

435. A report from Mr. BELL, transmitting final report of the Joint Commission on Postal Salaries; to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads and ordered to be printed.

436. A Jetter from the Secretary of State, transmitting data regarding useless papers in the A.rnerican consular offices in connection ·with the trading with the enemy act; to the Com­mittee on Disposition of 'C'seless Executive Papers.

437. A letter from the general secretary of the Xear East Relief, transmitting report for the year ending December 31, 1920; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

438. A letter from the chairman of rnited States Shipping Board. transmitting information with reference to an agree­ment IJetween the International Mercantile l\Iarine Co., certain British companies and the British A.dmiralty and British Board of Tt·ade; to the Committee on the ::.\lerchant ::.\larine aml Fisheries.

P~BLIC BILLS, RESOL"CTIOXS, _\.XD l\IEM:ORIALS.

Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills, resolutions, and memorials of the following titles were introduced and seyerally referred, as follows :

By l\lr. GOULD: A resolution (H. Res. '109) calling for an investigation of agricultural organizations and associations relntiye to the control and price of food products; to the Com­mittee on Agriculture.

By l\lt'. WOODS of Yirginia: A bill (H. R. 16170) to furt11er regulate certain public-service corporations operating within the District of Columbia, and for other purposes; to the Com­mittee on the District of Columbia.

By l\Ir. RANDALL of California: A joint resolution (H. J. Res. 481) authorizing a commission to report on a proposal to construct the Nicaragua Canal; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce.

By 1\!r. BURDICK : i\lemorial from the Legi lature of the State of Rhode Island, faYoring the passage of legislation for the continuation of Federal aid to States in the construction of rural post roads; to the Committee on Appropriations.

By Mr. KB:N~TEDY of Rhode Island : Memorial from the Legislature of the State of Rhode Island, favoring legislation gi\·ing continual aid to the States in the construc­tion of rural post roads; to the Committee on Appropriations.

PETITIONS, ETC. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, the following petition~ and

papers were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follow::: : 6268. By l\Ir. KLECZKA: Petition of 258 citizens of Mil­

waukee, 'Vis., protesting against Smith-Towner bill; to the Com-mittee on Education. ·

6269. By l\Ir_ LAMPERT: Petition from citizens of St. Cloud, Wis., protesting against the so-called Smith-ToTI"ner bill; to the Committee on Education.

6270. Br. Mr. l\IANN of Illinois : Petition of William J. Morris and other citizens of Chicago, Ill., fnyoring an amendment to the Volstead Act; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

6271. By Mr. l\lOORE of Ohio: Petition of protest against the use by the Republic of France of unciyilized colored troops in the occupied districts of Germany; to the Committee on For­eign Affairs.

6272. By Mr. SMITH of Michigan: Petition of the Je,velers' Club, of Battle Creek, ~lieh., against the passage of the Me· Fadden bill ; to the Committee on Banking and Currency.

FUNERAL OF CHAMP CLARK In the Hall of the House of Representatives on Saturday,

Ma1·ch 5, 1921.

The funeral of the late CIIAMP CLARK, ex-Speaker of the House of Representatives, took place in the Hall of the House on Saturday, l\1arch 5, 1921, at 10 o'clock and 30 minutes a. 111., in the presence of the House of Representatives, the SenaLe, the Cabinet, representatives of the Army and Navy, the Su­preme Court, the Diplomatic Corps, and the family of the de· ceased. The Speaker of the Sixty-sixth Congress, Mr. Fm:."D­ERICK H. GILLETT, presided, and the Vice President, Mr. CALVIN CooLIDGE, occupied a chair on his left.

The SPEAKER. There will be a scripture reading by the Chaplain of the House.

1921. CONGRESSIOXAL RECORD-HOUSE. ._

The Chaplain, Re\. James Shera l\lontgomers, D. D.- -

The Lnrd is my shepherd; I shall not ?cant. He makcth nw to lie down in gTeen pastures: he leadeth me

beside the still 'lt:aters. Re restoreth my soul: lie leadeth me in the paths of ?'igllteous­

ness tor his name's sake. Yea, though I walk through the 1.:alley of the slwdou: of death,

I 'lt:ill tear no cril~· tor thou art 1dth me; thy ?'Od and thy staff they comfort me. '

Thou preparest a taMe before me in the presence of mine enemies: thou anointest my head 'lt:ith oil; m,y cup nmneth orer.

Surely goodness and mercy slzall follow me all the days of my life: and I 1rill dn·ell in the house of the Lord toret'eT.

Let uot ymtr heart be troubled: ye beliere in God~· beliet·e alsfJ in me.

In my Father's house are many mansions: if it tt:ere not so. I 'lrould lza'r:e told you. I go to prepare a 2>lace for yozt * * * that 'lrltere I am, thc1·e ye may be also.

Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow~· tl!ey toil not, neither do they spin:

A 11d yet I say unto you, That eren Solomon in all his glory u:as not arrayed like one of these.

Tl'lterefore, if God so clothe the grass of the field, 1.chich to­day is, and to-mo1-row is cast into the ot·en, slwll 11e not much more clothe you, 0 ye of little faitli-'1

.A11d he slleu.,.ed a pure rive1· of 1.cater of life, clear as crystal, proceeding out of the th'rone of God and of the Lamb.

In tlte midst ot the street of it, and on eithe1· side of the 1·ircr, teas there the tree of life * * * and the leat·es of t11e tree tcere tor· the healing of the nations. * * *

And there shall be no more night there; and they need no candle, neither light of the sun, tor the Lord God gi-,;eth tllcm light: and tlley shall 'reign tor ever and ever.

Amen.

The SPEAKER. Prayer will be offered by Dr. Couden, Chaplain Emeritus.

ReY. Henry N. Couden, D. D., Chaplain Emeritus, offered the following prayer :

0 Thou who art infinite in wisdom, power, and goodness, we stanu before Thee, the Almights Father, and wait upon Thee for help in this hour of need.

We are here in the presence of the sacred dead-dead, yet he liYeth. He has been called to a larger and more sacred life. Strong of mentality, warm of heart, clear of vision, wise of judgment, he was a leader among leaders; an orator who, when he spoke, the people hung upon his lips with bated breath.

Our country has lost a patriot, an honest, noble, worthy man, a student of the Scriptures, who tried to walk according to the rules of right and justice. He has left us, but we shall go to him, for life is eternaL

Creeds die, but deeds live and weave themselves into the soul of man, and will ever guide to the right and truth and justice and love and mercy.

Be with us as we gather here; give us courage, strength, faith, and love, that the truth of the immortality of the soul may live in our hearts, and lift us over the rough places of life; and when it is ours to answer the call, may we be ready to go and enter upon that larger life in one of God's many mansions where there will be work for us all.

Let Thy special blessing be upon his widow and his children. His home was ideal. His affection knew no bounds. They loved him and will miss him all the years that are to come; but help them through the blessed hope of the immortality of the soul to look forward to a blessed reunion that shall never end, where sorrow, death, and disappointments never come. We ask it in the spirit of the Lord Jesus Christ, who said, I am the resurrection and the life; he that believeth on me shall never die. Amen.

The National Quartet-Elizabeth S. 1\laxwell, soprano; Lil­llan Chenoweth, alto ; ,V. E. Braithwaite, tenor; and Harry lU. Forker, bass-sang "How Firm a Foundation."

The SPEAKER. An address will be deliyered by Representa-tive JAMES R. 1\I.A.NN. -

Mr. 1\IANN. Those who knew him best loved him most· and yet there are millions who never looked upon ltis counten'ance molded like a finely chiseled Greek statue; who never heard

his magnetic voice, strong, persuasive, and compelling ln its influence; and who never .in time of personal need receiYed his counsel or his friendly aid; but they, too, loved him.

A great legislator, a wonderf-ul parliamentary debater, a strong partisan ; but always· a friend and a belieyer in the plain, simple citizen ; he was a plain, simple man, whose ideals reached to the sky, hut whose feet never left the ground. In fiery debate and strong party feeling he was masterly on the floor, but he never intended to inflict pain upon any opponent.

His friends were wherever he was met. His partisanship did not detract from his courtliness or his courtesy. And when he left the floor as majority leader of his party and assumed the office of Speaker of tl1e House, while he still remained a valuable party counselor, he neyer permitted partisanship to control or influence his action as Speaker. He drew men to him.

Early in his career in the House he se1Ted under another strong partisan who was eminent as Speaker. EYen in that early day of his congressional life Thomas B. Reed learned to know him and to love him.

He served while l\Ir. CANNON was Speaker, in Yery stormy dass in the House, but always had the affectionate regard of the Speaker, to whom he returned it. _

It is difficult for me to speak of the days while he was the Speaker and I was the minority leader. 'Ve had learned to know each other well before that time, but in our peculiar positions there came to be an affectionate regarcl between the Speaker, the majority leader, and the minority leader which seldom has been equaled and probably ney-er excelled in the history of parliamentary bodies. Compelled to act as a par­tisan here on the floor, as I was frequently, I tried ne\er to decei\e or mislead the Speaker, and he more than responded with tJ_le determined effort to act as a loving father to the House, as a wise counselor to the country, and as a judicial, impartial presiding officer and Speaker.

His memory will remain as an inspiration to the House and to the people of the country long after we are gone. His in­fluence on future generations will increase as history records what he was. We mourn him here; we knew his worth; we knew his loving-kindness; we knew his feeling for the people; we knew and were proud of his American spirit, of his belief in the people and the destiny of his country.

No man stands more preeminent in the history of our coun­try as a good, strong American citizen than did our belo\ed friend.

We mourn with his belo\ed widow, with his gallant son, who aided the House so well for many years; with his sweet daugh­ter, who was the pet of the House; and we shall mourn and admire as time goes on.

The SPEAKER. An address will be deliYered by Senato~ _ REED, of 1\fissouri. -- ~

Senator REED. A wonderful stream is the river of life. A slender thread emerging from the mysterious realm of birth, it laughs and dances through the wonderland of childhood. Its broadening currents sweep between the flower-decked banks of :routh, romance, and hope. A mighty torrent, it rushes over the rapids of manhood and breaks in foam upon the rocks of oppo­sition and defeat, then glides away across the barren, sterile fields of age .until it is engulfed and lost within the waters of the eternal sea. There queenly robes, the beggar's rags, the rich man's gold, the pauper's copper pence, the jeweled diadem of princeS', and the thorny crown of martyrs are washed and swept by the same ceaseless tides.

The miracle of birth and the mystery of death remain the un­soly-ed problems of all time. The shepherd who 3,000 years ago upon the plains of Syria observed the procession of the planets and contemplated the decrees of fate was as wise per­haps as is the wisest of to-day. He only knew that, standing here upon this bank of time, his straining eyes could not glimpse even the shadowy outline of a farther shore. He only could behold the white sails of receding fleets-ships that sail out, but never come ~gain. He only knew that at the grave's dread mouth all men must cast aside alike the burden of their honors and their griefs ; that man takes with him only that which he has freely given away, that eYen death may not de­spoil him of the riches of senice and self-sacrifice.

Measured by that standard, he who sleeps to-day bears with him to the tomb a legacy so rare that even envy is compe11ed to pay the tribute of admiration. His long life was devoted to the serYice of the public ,.-eal. Upon his country's altar he placed the wealth of talent, the zeal of youth, the energy of middle life, the wisdom of old age.

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 4, 1921~

With tireless brain he wrought to promote the general good, \\ith sympathetic spirit he tried to lift the burden from the shoulders of the oppressed. His heart cried out for all who trod adversity's harsh road. To guide them wisely, he explored "every a'\""enue of learning, and burned his candle late into the night, that he might glean the lore of other countries and of other times.

The fires of patriotic love for home and .country consumed his '\""ery soul. He faced each task with the heroic courage of those who do not count the cost. His character rested upon a founda­tion laid deep in human love. He will live because his . works -will li'\""e. · .

He liTes because he helped defend and keep secure the Consti· tution that preserves our rights. He lives in the Declaration of Independence whose principles he protected with a tender and fearless afiectlon. He lives, becau....~ he has helped liberty to live. i\len who so live will never die. In ever-widening circles his in:tluence will be felt. .And deeper and yet deeper the tender love the people of his State have borne for him will sink into their hearts.

As time runs on and the historian surveys the picture of these troubled times there will arise in it no figure more heroic than the rUoo-ged form that lies so still to-day.

He was the best beloved of Americans. How cold are words ! Let me for just a moment speak of

this man as my friend. For 30 years I have known him intimately and well, have watched his course through .all the storms of life. How big, how brave, and rugged was this man,

· hewn from the very granite, yet tender as a mother's heart l He met each task of life as a brave soldier meets his duty on the battle front. He never flinched from any task that came before him. He stood square-fronted to the world. They say that he is dead, but anyone who gazes on his marble brow must know that the man we knew does not lie here to-day. The

soul, ilie thing that made him what he was, can not have been destroyed.

The flowers may fade and pass a way ; They only wait through wintry hours the coming May.

I can not speak of his family. In all this world I never knew so much of filial affection, of wifely tenderness, of fatherlY, love. They must find their consolation in the glorious mem.ocy. of this splendid man. Soon he will sleep in the soil of his beloved State, and as it enfolds him the very clods that toucli his coffin will be blessed with the love he bore tor his own Commonwealtli.

The quartet sang " Come, ye Disconsolate." Re-v. Earle Wilfiey pronounced the following benediction:

0 God, in whose hands are the destinies of the worlds, we now do commend this assemblage to the word of Thy counsel and the salvation of Thy grace. Especially we bear up before Thee the loved ones left behind. We pray Thee, 0 Lord God, that Thou wilt temper the wind to the shorn lamb. Be kind. Bless the stricken family to-day, 0 God, and on their long journey back to the final resting place may the love o.f God go with them and His strong arms be round about them.

And now to Thee, Almighty God, we give all the praise for that which was beautiful and strong and kind in him who has passed on. Bless his memory, and may it be our part to keep it green, to hold it in everlasting and holy remembrance.

.And now may the Lord bless thee and keep thee, the Lord cause His face to shine upon thee and to be gracious unto thee the Lord lift up the light of His countenance upon thee and give' thee peace; through Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen.

The family, the Diplomatic Corps, the Supreme Court, the Cabinet, and the Senate then retired in their order.

The body of Mr. CLARx lay in state for one hour.

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