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CONTENTS

ITEMS PAGECONTENTS 1LIST OF TABLES 5LIST OF FIGURES 7LIST OF APPENDICES 8ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS 9ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 10ABSTRACT 11

CHAPTER PAGE1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study 131.2 Statement of Problems 151.3 Objectives of the Study 161.4 Hypothesis of the Study 171.5 Special Features of the Study 171.6 181.7 Limitations of the Study 191.8 20

2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE2.1Climate Change 24

2.1.1 Causes and consequences of climate change 252.2 27

2.2.1 292.3 31

2.3.1 312.3.2 332.3.3 342.3.4 342.3.5 36

2.3.6 Effects of droughts 362.4

362.4.1 362.4.2

362.4.3

372.4.4

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5

LIST OF TABLESTABLES TITLE PAGE

3.1 263.2 274.1 Status of changing trend of major climatic factors of the

study area 614.2 684.3

education 694.4

704.5 714.6 714.7

724.8 734.9

744.10

754.11

764.12

774.13

784.14

794.15

804.16

814.17

824.18

834.19 844.20

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6

LIST OF TABLES

TABLES TITLE PAGE4.21 Summary of the stepwise multiple regression analysis

showing contribution of the

93

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLEPAG

E2.1 282.2 282.3 Conceptual frame work of the study 433.1 - 463.2 514.1 Changing Trend of Air Pressure (mbs) of the Study Area 634.2 Changing Trend of Air Temperature (0C) of the Study

Area 644.3 Changing Trend of Water Temperature (0C) and Dew

Point (0C) of the Study Area 644.4 Changing Trend of Soil Temperature at 20 cm Depth (0C)

of the Study Area 654.5 Changing Trend of Rainfall (mm) and Evaporation (mm)

of the Study Area 654.6 Changing Trend of Humidity (%) of the Study Area 664.7 Changing Trend of wind Speed (kmph) of the Study Area 664.8 Changing Trend of Sunshine (hrs) of the Study Area 674.9 Credit source of the respondents 754.10 784.11

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LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE Page

Appendix I a) Map of Mmymensingh District along withGauripur Upazila 118b) Satellite Map and topographical map of the studyvillages

119

Appendix II Some Pictorial Views 120Appendix III Data sheet of secondary data collected from Weather

Yard, BAU 121Appendix IV English Version of Interview schedule 122

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ABBREVIATION & ACRONYMSACCLERATES Assessing Climate Change Effects on Land and EcosystemsBACC British Association of Climate ChangeBAU Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityBBS Bangladesh Bureau of StatisticsBINA Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear AgricultureBRDB Bangladesh Rural Development BoardBRRI Bangladesh Rice Research InstituteCBOs Community Based OrganizationsDAE Department of Agriculture ExtensionDLS Directorate of Livestock ServicesDoF Department of FisheriesEIA Energy Information Administration of the United StatesESCAP The Estate of the Environment in Asia and the PacificFAO Food and Agriculture Organization of United StatesFFSFGDs Focus Group DiscussionsFIAC Farmers Information and Assistance CentreGDP Gross Domestic ProductsGHG Green House GasGOs Government Organizationsha Hectarehrs HoursICT Information and Communication TechnologyIFPRI International Food Policy Research Organization

IPCCSRESIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and SocietalResponses

IPM Integrated Pest Management ITK Indigenous Technical Knowledgekm KilometerKmph Kilometer per hourmbs MillibarsMFDM Ministry of Food and Disaster Managementmm MillimeterNGOs Non-Government Organizationso C Degree CentigradeSPSS Statistical Package for Social ScienceSq km Square KilometerTk Bangladeshi TakaTV TelevisionUNDP United Nations Development ProgarmmeUNFCCUS$ United States dollar

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ABSTRACT

Climate change has an effect on farm ecosystem, leading to loss of crop

production and food shortage of the country. The main purpose of the study was

to determine of the small farmer awareness regarding effect of climate change

on farm ecosystem. Data were collected from two villages (

) of Gauripur Upazila under Mymensingh

district during . The sample size of the study was 80

small farmers and it was drawn from a population of 560 using simple random

sampling technique. The study followed a mixed-method of research design.

Both structured and semi-structured questionnaires were prepared for collecting

quantitative and qualitative data. The major climatic variables of the study were

very much extreme in nature and having imbalanced changing trends. An

overall awareness score was calculated to measure the awareness of the small

farmers regarding effect of climate change on farm ecosystem. The awareness

of small farmers on effect of climate change on farm ecosystem was the

dependent variable and was measured by using a 4-point rating scale. Three

components of farm ecosystem such as biotic, abiotic and micro climate of the

farm were considered in measuring the variable. Appropriate score such as 3 for

highly aware, 2 for moderately aware, 1 for slightly aware and 0 for not aware

were assigned and finally added together to compute extent of awareness of

small farmers. A vast majority (88.8 percent) of the farmers were moderately

aware regarding effects of climate change farm ecosystem, while 11.2

percent were slightly aware and none of the farmers were found with highly

aware about effect of climate change of farm ecosystem. The step-wise multiple

regression analyses showed that access to information source, social mobility,

knowledge on climate change issues, formal education and access to modern

ICT devices of the farmers had positive influence on building awareness

regarding effect of climate change on farm ecosystem. Different types of

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adaptive measures were practiced by the farmers of the study area. Generally

eco-friendly pest management strategy was highly practiced in the study area.