CBSEClass11BiologyImportantQuestions

Chapter4

AnimalKingdom

1MarksQuestions

1.Whatismesogloea?Whereisitfound.

Ans.Undifferentiatedlayerpresentbetweenectodermandendoderm.Itisfoundin

Coelenterates.

2.WhenisthedevelopmentofanorgancalledasIndirect?

Ans.Havealarvalstagemorphologicallydistinctfromadult.

3.Whyarecoralsimportant?

Ans.Haveskeletoncomposedofcalciumcarbonatewhichgetsdepositedandcanleadto

formationoflandforms.E.&.Lakshadweep(acoralisland).

4.WhatisthedifferencebetweenclassAmphibianandclassReptiliainrespectoftheir

skin?

Ans.

Ambhibia Reptilia

1.skinismoisnadslimy1.skinissryandcoveredbyscalesofscute

plates

2.layeggsinsidethewater 2.layeggsoutsidethewater.

3.Theirlarvaehavegills. 3.nolarvaisproduced

5. Whichphylumconoforganismwithcellularleveloforganisation?

1

Ans.ClassAmphibian:Havemoistskinwithoutscales.

ClassReptilian:Havedrycommittedskinwithscales.

6. Namethearthropodwhichisa(i)Livingfossil,(ii)Gregariouspest.

Ans.(i)Limulus(Kingcrab),(ii)Locustan(Locust).

7. Whichorganhelpsinexcretionii(i)Arthropods,(ii)Hemichordates?

Ans.(i)Malpighinatubules,(ii)Proboseisgland.

8.Nameanexampleofegg-layingmammals.

Ans.Duck-billplatyhelminthes

9.Whatispolymorphism.

Ans.Thephenomenawhenanorganismhavedifferentkindsofzooidsfordifferentfunction

iscalledpolymorphism.

10.Whichanimalispopularlycalledploughmanofnature&why?

Ans.EarthwormsarepopularlyknownasNaturesploughmanbecauseitbringssubsoilover

thesurface&createfineburrowsforaeration.

11.Whataretheorgansofexcretioninannelids&insects.

Ans.Annelida–nephridia&insect–malphigiantubule.

12.Nameafreeliving&aparasiticPlatyhelminths.

Ans.Freeliving–planaria&parasitic–Taenia.

13.Nametwoadaptationsforanaerialmodeoflife.

2

Ans.(i)Forlimbsmodifiedintowings

(ii)Uricotelicexcretion&pneumaticbones.

14.Nametheorgansofdefenseinparamecium.

Ans.Trichocystsareorganofdefenseinparamaecium

15.Namethesecondlargestanimalphylum.

Ans.Molluscs

16.Whatareacoelomateanimals?

Ans.Theanimalswhichdonothaveacoelomorbodycavityarecalledacoelomateeg.

porifera,coelenterates,flatworms.

17.Namethelarvafoundinmollusca&annelid.

Ans.Trochophorelarvae

18.Nametwoviviparousfishes.

Ans.Pristis&scoliodon

19.Whatareflamecells?

Ans.Flamecellsareexcretoryorgansofplatyhelmintheswhichpossessesflickeringciliaor

flagellafordrivingtheabsorbedexcretoryproductintosystemofducts

20.Nameavertebrateinwhichjawsareabsent.

Ans.Petromyzon

21.Assignthephylumtowhichfollowinganimalsbelongs–pheretima&sponge.

3

Ans.Pheretima–Annelida&sponge–porifera.

22.Whatismetamerism?

Ans.Insomebilateria,thebodyconsistsofmanysegments&showsrepetitionofparts.This

typeofsegmentationiscalledmetamerism.

4

CBSEClass12Biology

ImportantQuestions

Chapter4

AnimalKingdom

2MarksQuestions

1. Disitinguishbetweenpoikilothermousandhomoiothermousorganisms.

Ans.Poikilothenuous(coldblooded)Lackabilitytoregulatetheirbodytemperature.

Homoiothermous(warmblooded)Canregulatebodytemperature.

2. Definemutagenesiswithasuitableexample.

Ans.ReferPoint,toRemember.

3. Listanyfouridentifyingfeaturesofarthopoda&giveexamples.

Ans.(i)Animalshavingjointedappendages

(ii) Triploblastic,coelomate,&bilaterallysymmetrical

(iii) Bodyiscoveredbychitinouscuticle&segmentsarenotseparatedbysepta

(iv) Arthropodsareunisexualanimals

(v) eg.crab,Apis,spider,Anopheles

4.Distinguishbetweendiploblastic&triploblasticanimals

Ans.

Diploblasticanimals Triploblasticanimals

Diploblasticanimalshavetwogerm

layersouterectoderm&innerTriploblasticanimalshavethreegermlayer

outerectodermmiddlemesoderm&inner

5

endodermintheirembryogastrula

stage

Eg.Hydra,Obelia,Porpcta

endodermintheirembryogastrula

Eg.allanimalsexceptporefera&coelentrata

5.Whatisprotochordates?Howisitclassified.

Ans.Protochordatesaretheprimitivenonvertebrateehordates.Therearethreesubphyla

(a) Hemichordataeg.Belanoglossus.

(b) Urochordataeg.salpa&Herdmania.

(c) Cephalochordateeg.Amphioxus.

6.Mentiontheuniquefeaturesofnematodes.

Ans.(i)Syncyticalwithoutmesodermallining

(ii)Intestinenon–muscularbutformedendodermalone

(iii)Bodywallmusculature&madeofspecialtypesofmuscles.

(iv)Sexualdimorphismisquiteclear.

7.Pointoutdifferencesbetweendogfish&catfish.

Ans.

Dogfish Catfish

i) Itbelongstophylum–chordate

Class–Pisces

Subclass-Chondrichthyes

Itbelongstophylum–chordate

Class–Pisces

Subclass–Osteichthyes

ii) Itisacartilaginousfish Itisabonyfish

iii) Bodystreamlined&divisibleinto

head,trunk&tail Itsendoskeletonismadeupofbones.

6

8.Outlinetheroleofcoelominanimals.

Ans.Coelomisthespacebetweenbodywall&alimentarycanaloforganismsitislinedby

mesoderm.Visceralorganslieinthecoelom.Flatwormdoesnothavecoelom.Hencethey

arecalledacoelamata.Pseudocoelomisfoundintheroundworm.Annelidsarecoelomate

animals.

9.Mentiontheuniquefeaturesofphylummollusca.

Ans.(i)Bodysoftaswellasunsegmented

(ii)Thebodyiscoveredbycalcareousshell&mantle.

(iii)Bodyisdividedinto–head,visceralmass&foot.

(iv)Buccalmasspossessesradula.

10.Distinguishbetweeninsect&arachnida.

Ans.

Insect Arachnida

i) Bodyisdividedintothreepartshead,

thorax&abdomen

i) Bodyisdividedintotwoparts–

cephalthorax&abdomen

ii).Wingsarefound ii) wingsarelacking

7

iii).Appendagesonheadare

antennae, mandibles&maxiliae

iii) Appendagesonheadarepairof

chellcerae&apairofpedipalpa.

iv) Walkinglegsarethreepairs iv) walkinglegsarefourpairs

11.Whyareechinodermsconsideredclosertochordatesthananyotherphylum?

Ans.Echinodermsareconsideredclosertochordatesbecauselikechordates,theyare

deuterostomeswheretheanalregiondevelopsearlierthanmouthregion.Theirlarveare

alsoclosertoprotochordata.

12.Distinguishbetweenbonyfish&cartilaginousfish.

Ans.

Bonyfishes Cartilaginousfishes

i) Theyarecalledosteichthyes i) Theyarecalledchondrichthyes.

ii) Theirendoskeletonisbony. ii) Theirendoskeletoniscartilaginous.

iii) Theyarefoundinsea&freshwater

both.iii) Allaremarineforms.

iv) Theyhaveswimbladder. iv) Theyhavefivepairsofgills

v) Gillsarecoveredbyopercula. v) operaculumabsent

vi) Eg.Salmon,catlaRohu. v) Rays,scoliodon,electricray.

13.Givereasonwhyasnail&anoctopusareclassifiedunderthesamephylum?

Ans.Snails&octopusareclassifiedunderthephylummolluscabecausetheyhavefollowing

threecharacters:-

(i)Presenceofmantleinboth

(ii)Presenceoffootinboth

(iii)Presenceofshellinboth

8

14.Listthreebasicchordatecharacters.

Ans.(i)Notochord:-adorsalsolidnotochordispresentthroughoutlifeorinlarvalstage.

(ii)Nervecord:-adorsalhollownervecordispresent

(iii)Pharyngealgillslits:-aperforatedpharynxispresentinyoungconditionorthroughout

life.

15.Giveanyfourcharacteristicsofhemichordate.

Ans.(i)Thesearewormlikemarineanimalsthathaveorgan-systemleveloforganization.

(ii)Theyarebilaterallysymmetrical,triploblastic&eucoelomate.

(iii)Bodyiscylindrical&isdividedintoanteriorproboscis,collar&longtrunk.

(iv)Respirationoccursthroughgills.

16.Distinguishbetweencentipede&millipede.

Ans.

centipede millipede

i) Dirsoventrallyflattenedbody i) cylindricalbody

ii) Therearetwopartsofbody–head&

trunk

ii) Therearethreepartsofbody–head,

thorax&abdomen.

iii) Maxillaeare2pairs iii) Maxillaeareonlyonepair.

17.Givereasonwhyarthopdaconstitutethelargestgroupofanimalkingdom

Ans.Arthopodsconstitutesthelargestgroupofanimalkingdom:-

(i) Haveorganleveloforganization.

(ii) bilaterallysymmetrical,segmented,triploblastic,encoelomateanimals.

9

(iii) Bodyenclosedbychitinouscuticle.

(iv) Theyhavejointedappendages.

(v) Tracheaorbookgillsforrespiration.

18.Differentiatebetweenmale&femaleascaris.

Ans.

MaleAscaris FemaleAscaris

i) 15-30cmlong i) 20-40cmlong

ii) Posteriorendcurved. ii) Posteriorendstraight

iii) Vulvaabsent iii) Vulvapresent

iv) Thereare2pinealspiculesfromcloacalpore. iv) Nopinealspicules.

v) Pre-analorpost-analpapillaepresent v) Therearenosuchstructures.

19.Listthreeadaptationsthathelpthebirds(Aves)inflying.

Ans.(i)Theavianflightmusclesareusedforfastshortfly.

(ii) Flightmusclescontainwhitefibreswhicharepoorerinmitochondria&freeof

myoglobin.

(iii) Thelongbonesarehollow&connectedbyairpassages.

20. ListthecharacteristicfeaturesofclassMammalian.

Ans.ReferPoint,toRemember.

10

CBSEClass12Biology

ImportantQuestions

Chapter4

AnimalKingdom

3MarksQuestions

1. WhatarethefeaturesofclassAyeswhichhelptheuflying?

Ans.Wings,boneslongandhollowwithaircavities,airsacsconnectedtolungsto

supplementrespiration.

2.“Allvertebratesarechordatesbutallchordatesarenotvertebrates”justifythe

statement.

Ans.Allvertebratesarechordatesbecausetheypossessthreebasicchordatefeaturesas:-

(i)Allchordatespossesanotochord

(ii)Allchordateshaveadorsalhollownervecord.

(iii)Allchordateshavepharyngealgillcleftinsomestagesofliftcycle

Allchordatesarenotvertebrates.Vertebrateshavevertebralcolumnbutprotochordates&

agnathahavenotochordthatisnotreplacedbyvertebralcolumn.

3.“Mammalsarethemostsuccessful&dominantanimalstoday”Giveevidence.

Ans.Mammalsarethemostsuccessful&dominantanimalstoday.Theythriveverywellin

mostenvironmentofworld&Theuniquecharacteristicsofmammalsare:-

(i)Bodycoveredwithhair

(ii)Presenceofsebaceous&sweatglandsinskin

(iii)Presenceofmammaryglandsinfemales

11

(iv)Presenceofapairofexternalears&threeearosciscles

(v)Heartisfourchambered

(vi)RBCSarebiconcave&enucleated

(vii)Corpuscallosumunitestwocerebralhemisphere

(viii)Testisareextraabdominal

(ix)Mostlyviviparous&embryoattachedtouterinewallbyplacenta.

4.Enlistthemaincharacteristics&examplesofplylumporifera.

Ans.(i)Theyarecommonlycalledassponges

(ii)Theyaregenerallymarine,diploblastic,bilerallysymmetrical

(iii)Theyhavewatertransportmechanism

(iv)Theyareveryprimitivemulti-cellularanimalswithcellularleveloforganization.

(v)WatercanenterbyporesOstiainbodywalldirectlyorthroughcanalintospongocoel.

Fromitgoesoutbymeansofosculum.Itiscalledcanalsystem

(vi)Thedigestionisintracellular

(vii)Bodyissupportedbyaskeletonwhichconsistsofspicules

(viii)Sexesarenotseparate

(ix)Theyreproduceasexuallybyfragmentationorsexuallybyformationofgametes

(x)Fertilizationisinternalexample-euplectella,Sycon,Spongilla,Euspongia

5.Whatarethebasisofclassificationofanimalia?

Ans.Animalsareclassifiedonthebasisoffollowingcharacteristics:-

(i)Notochord:-Itisarod–likestructurefoundoninthechordates.Non–chordatesdonot

12

haveit

(ii)Symmetry:-Itistheplanofarrangementofbodyparts.”Therearethreetypes–

asymmetric,radiallysymmetrical&bilaterallysymmetrical.

(iii)Organisation:-Animalshavecellulargradeoforganization.Theirbodiesaremadeupof

cellothershavetissuesorgans&organsystem.

(iv)Embryoniclayers:-Ectoderm,mesoderm&endodermgiverisetodifferentorgansinthe

body.Thesearecalledgerminallayers.Someanimalsarediploblasticeg.spongesbutothers

aretriploblastichavingthreegerminallayers.

6.GiveimportantcharactersofphylumNemathelmintnes.

Ans.(i)Theyarecommonlyknownasroundwormsornematodes&arecoveredbycuticle.

(ii)BodyisbilaterallySymmetrical

(iii)Animalswithelongatedcylindrical&spindleshapedbodywithpointedends

(iv)Thebodycavityisafalsecoelomcalledpseudocoelom

(v)Thealimentarycanallacksamusclelayer.

(vi)Respiratoryorgan&bloodvascularsystemareabsent

(vii)Example–Ascaris,Ancylostoma,Rhabditis.

7.Membersofwhichphylumareknownas“segmentedworm”Writeabouttheirbody

symmetry,modeofexcretion&respiration.

Ans.ThemembersofthephylumAnnelidaareknownas“thesegmentedworms”Theirbody

ismetamerecallysegmentedeg.Neiris,pheretima&Hirudinaria.

(i)BodySymmetry:-Segmentedwormshavetypicalmetamericsegmentation.Theirbody

consistsofsegmentscalledsomitesormetamere&ringlikegroovesknownasannuli

(ii)Excretion:-theexcretoryunitoftheseinvertebratesarecoiledtubulescallednephridia.

13

(iii)Respiration:-Respirationoccursbygillsorbyskin.Theskinisrichlysuppliedwithblood

vessels.Itispermeable.Theexchangesofgasestakeplacethere.

8.DifferentiatebetweenAnnelida&Arthropada.

Ans.

Annelida Arthropoda

i) Elongated&metamericallysegmented

body

i) Bodysegmented&differentiatedinto

cephalic,thoracic&abdominalregion

ii) Appendagesborneonbodysegments ii) Appendagesmaybesegmentedorjointed.

iii) Setaepresent iii) Setaeabsent

iv) Bodywalldermomuscular iv) Bodywallisnotdermomuscular

v) Bodycavityiscoelom v) Bodycanalishaemocoel

vi) Respiratorypigmentishaemoglobin vi) Respiratorypigmentisabsent

vii) Bloodisred vii) Bloodiscolourlessorbluish

viii) Bloodvascularsystemisclosetype viii) Bloodvascularsystemisopentype

ix) Cilia&nephridiapresent ix) Cilia&nephridiaabsent

x) Noexoskeleton x) Exoskeletonischitinous

9.Whatarebasicplansofbodydesigninanimals?

Ans.Animalscanbedividedintothreebasicplans:

(i)CellAggregateplan:-Itisfoundissimpleanimalseg.spongesinwhichclustersofcells

withrudimentarydivisionoflabourisfoundinthem.

(ii)Blindsacplans:-Itisfoundincoelenterates&flatwors.Theyhaveadigestivecavitywith

onlyoneopeningtotheoutside.Throughthisopeningthemouthfoodisingested&

undigestedwasteisthrownout.Thecellsaremorespecialized&havedivisionoflabour.

(iii)Tube-withinatubeplan:-ItisfoundinmorecomplexformsInthisplanbodycavity

formsonetubewithinwhichissituatedanothertubealimentarycanal,openingononeside

bymouth&othersidebyanus.

14

10.Mentiontheimportantcharactersofphylumechinodermata&giveexamples.

Ans.(i)ThewordEchinodermatemeans“spinyskin”whichisoptlyusedforgroupof

animalsrepresentedbysuchcommonformse.starfish,Seaurchin.

(ii)Theskinformsahardspinyprotectiveskeletalcovering

(iii)Theyaresluggishmarineforms.

(iv)Formsusuallyshowapentamerousradialsymmetry

(v)Theradialsymmetryissuperficial&bodyinfactcanbedividedonlyintwohalves.

(vi)Theyhaveacoelom&watervascularsystem.

(vii)Locomotiontakesplacebynumeroushollowtubefeet

(viii)Excretionbydiffusionthroughbody

(ix)Fertilizationinopensea.

(x)Developmentincludesfreeswimmingdiploneurallarva.

Eg.Asterias,searerchin,seacucumber.

11.Givethreeimportantdistinguishingcharactersofarthropodo,reptiles&mammals.

Ans.(i)Arthopods:-jointedappendages,segmentedbodydivisibleintohead,thorax&

abdomen,presenceofhardnon-livingexoskeletonofchitin,eyescompoundeg.insects,

centipedeetc.

(ii)Reptiles:-coldblooded,Bodycoveredbyscales,Twopairsoflimbs,layeggseg.lizard,

snakeetc.

(iii)Mammals:-warmblooded,bodycoveredbyhairs,anexternalearispresent,givebirthto

youngones,Theyhavesmallpointedteeth&longsnoutinsectivoresareprimitivemammals.

12.Mentiontheimportantcharacteristicsofcoelentrata&giveexamples.

15

Ans.(i)Theyaremarineanimalswhichmaybesilitaryorcolonial

(ii)Thebodyistwolayeredordiploblastic

(iii)Thebodypossessesaradialsymmetry

(iv)Theyareacoelomateanimalsi.e.truecoelom.Theyexhibitblindsacbodyplan.

(v)Thebodyenclosesalargecentralcavityknownascoelenteronswhichhasasingle

openingtotheexterior.Coelenteronsiscalledgastrovascularcavity.

(vi)Theycommonlyshowpolymorphism.Twokindsofindividualspresent-hybroid&

medusoid

(vii)Theypossesstentacleswhichareusuallythread-likeoutgrowths.

(viii)Stingingcellsornematoeytesarepresent.Eg.Obelia.Aurelia.

13.Differentiatebetweenflightless&flyingbirds.

Ans.

FlightlessBirds FlyingBirds

i) Classification BelongtosuborderRetitae Belongtocarinatae

ii) Wings Wingsvestigial Wingsarewelldeveloped

iii) Feathers Nointerlockingmechanism Possessinterlockingmechanism

16

iv) Sternum Sternumraftlike Sternumboatshaped

v) Ribs Nouncinateprocess Ribsuncinateprocess

vi) TailvertebratePygostylemaybesmallor

absent.Pygostylefound

vii) Flying Cannotfly Canfly

viii) Distribution Restrictedindistribution Foundallovertheworld

ix) Example Rheo,cassowaryemuostrich.Housesparrowcuckoohornbill

quailpeacockfowlparrotcrow.

17

CBSEClass12Biology

ImportantQuestions

Chapter4

AnimalKingdom

5MarksQuestions

1.Howarenonchordatesdifferentfromchordates.Writethemajorphylaofnon-

chordate&giveexamples.

Ans.

Non-Chordates Chordates

i) Notochordispresent i) Notochordisabsent

ii) CentralNervoussystemdorsal,hollow&

single.

ii) Centralnervoussystemisventral

solid&double

iii) Pharynxisperforatedbyslits iii) Gillslitsabsent

iv) HeartVentral iv) Heartdorsal

v) Apostanalmetamericallysegmentedtail

presentv) Terminalpartunsegmented

Majorphylaofnon–chordatesare:-

(i)Phylum-porifera:-adultssessilehavingcellulargradeoforganization&bodyisporous

eg.Spongilla.

(ii)Phylum–coelentrata:-Radiallysymmetrical&tentaclespresentinpolyps&medusaeg.

Aurelia.

(iii)Phylum–Platyhelminthes:-Dorsoventrallyflattened&organofexcretionis

protonephridiaeg.Taenia.

(iv)Phylum-Nematoda:-Parasiticformswithelongatedroundbodyeg.Enterobius.

18

(v)Phylum-Annlida:-Bodymetamericallysegmentedeg.Hiduneria.

(vi)Phylumn-Arthopoda:-Exoskeletonofchitin,Jointedappendageseg.Bombaxmori

(vii)Phylum–Mollusc:-softbodiesshelledanimalshavingfoot,mantle&visceralmasseg.

chiton

(viii)Phylum–Echinodermata:-Exclusivelymarinehavingspinyskin&watervascular

systemwithtubefeeteg.ophiothrix.

2.EnlistthemainfeaturesofAschelminthes&giveexamples.

Ans.(i)TheyarecalledRoundwormastheyappearcircularinC.S.

(ii)Freeliving,aquatic,terrestrialorparasitic

(iii)Organizationofbodyisorganlevel

(iv)Bilaterallysymmetricalanimals

(v)Theyaretriploblastic&pseudocoelomate

(vi)Alimentationcompletewithmuscularorpharynx

(vii)SexesareSeparate

(viii)Bodyiscoveredbycuticle

(ix)Fertilizationisinternal

(x)Examplesarefilarialworm(wuchereria),Ascaris,Pinworm(Enterobuis)Hookworm

(Ancyclostoma)

19

3.Enlistthemainsalientfeaturesofphylumctenophora.

Ans.(i)Ctenopharesaremarineanimalswithtransparent&flatarovalbodyshape.

(ii)Polypphaseisabsentinlifecycle.

(iii)Thesearebilaterallysymmetrical&devoidofcnidoblastcells.

(iv)Whenthetentaclesarepresenttheyaretwoinnumber&containcolloblastcells.

(v)Theymovebyciliawhichjointogethertofromcombplates,theyareeightmediancomb

plates.

(vi)Theygastrovascularcavityisbranched&opentotheexteriorbystomodaeum.

ExampleofCtenophora(Pleurobrachia)

20

(vii)Theyarediploblasticanimalsbutthemesogleaisdifferentfromthatofcnidaria.

(viii)Thepresenceofspecialsenseorgansattheoppositeendofthemouthisthe

characteristicofthisphylum.

(ix)Theyreproduceonlybysexualmeans

(x)Theydonothavelarvalphaseintheirlifecycle

(xi) Eg.ctenophore,ctenoplana,Beroe,&Hormiphora.

21