Capitoleum (Capitoline Hill)

The Capitolium was a temple dedicated to Jupiter, Juno andMinerva, the three deities which were worshipped on the CapitolHill of Rome.

During the Middle Ages, when the temples had crumbled andalmost every trace of the ancient Roman civilization haddisappeared from this site, the Capitolium was nicknamed MonteCaprino ("goat hill"), after the custom of grazing goats andother animals all over the place. However, in the 7th century thefirst church of Santa Maria in Aracoeli was founded there. Beforethe making of Senators Palace (see further), this church acted asa town hall: the city administrators used it for their meetings.

The church was rebuilt in c.1320 into its present shape, whileits steep marble staircase with 122 steps was built for theJubilee Year of 1350.

Palatinum (Palatine Hill)

According to Roman mythology, the Palatine Hill was thelocation of the cave, known as the Lupercal, where Romulus andRemus were found by the she-wolf Lupa that kept them alive.

According to this legend, the shepherd Faustulus thereafter foundthe infants, and with his wife Acca Larentia raised the children.When they were older, the boys killed their great-uncle (whoseized the throne from their grandfather), and they both decidedto build a new city of their own on the banks of the River Tiber.Suddenly, they had a violent argument with each other and in theend Romulus killed his twin brother Remus. This is how "Rome" gotits name - from Romulus. Another legend to occur on the Palatineis Hercules' defeat of Cacus after the monster had stolen somecattle. Hercules struck Cacus with his characteristic club sohard that it formed a cleft on the southeast corner of the hill,where later a staircase bearing the name of Cacus wasconstructed.

Tarpeian Rock

The Tarpeian Rock was the infamous execution place fortraitors (and criminals). They would be led to its top and thenhurled down. The cliff takes its name from the tale of the VestalVirgin Tarpeia, who betrayed the Romans by letting the Sabines inthrough the gates after being promised to receive what they 'boreon their arms'. Naturally she hoped for their golden bracelets,instead she was crushed to death between their shields. Her bodywas buried atop the cliff, giving it its name.

Forum Romanum

Forum Romanum was the key political, ritual, and civiccenter. Located in a valley separating the Capitoline andPalatine Hills, the Forum developed from the earliest times andremained in use after the city’s eventual decline; during thatspan of time the forum witnessed the growth and eventualcontraction of the city and her empire. The archaeologicalremains of the Forum Romanum itself continue to provide importantinsights into the phases and processes associated with urbanismand monumentality in ancient Rome.

Amphitheatre

The Amphitheatre of Pompeii is the oldest surviving Romanamphitheatre. It is located in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, andwas buried by the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD, that also buriedPompeii itself and the neighboring town of Herculaneum.

Built around 80 BC, the current amphitheatre is theearliest Roman amphitheatre known to have been built of stone;previously, they had been built out of wood. The next Romanamphitheatre known to be built from stone is the Colosseum in Rome,which postdates it by over a century. Contemporarily, it was known as

a spectacula rather than an amphitheatrum, since the latter term was notyet in use at the time. It was built with the private funds ofQuinctius Valgus and Marcius Porcius.

The amphitheatre's design is seen by some modern crowd controlspecialists as near optimal. Its washroom, located in theneighboring palaestra has also been cited as an inspiration for betterbathroom design in modern stadiums.

Places Rizalvisited in Rome

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Submitted by:

Erica Logarta

Submitted to:

Mr. Andres Tayong