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SMTIHSONIAN INSTITLniON PRESS

SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smittisonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series:

Smithsonian Contributions to Antiiropology Smittisonian Contributions to Astrophysics

Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences

Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology

Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Folklife Studies

Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology

In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the worid of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the worid.

Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to Its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. Press requirements for manuscript and art preparation are outlined on the inside back cover.

Robert McC. Adams Secretary Smithsonian Institution

S M I T H S O N I A N S T U D I E S IN H I S T O R Y AND T E C H N O L O G Y • NUMBER 49

Technology in Miniature

American Textile Patent Models 1819-1840


SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS

Washington, D.C.

1988

A B S T R A C T

Janssen, Barbara Suit. Technology in Miniature: American Textile Patent Models 1819-1840. Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology, number 49, 147 pages, 87 numbered figures, 5 unnumbered portraits, 1 table, 1988.—To obtain a patent in the nineteenth century, an inventor had to submit a written specification, a drawing, and a model to the United States Patent Office. This catalog is concerned with the textile patent models in the collection of the Division of Textiles of the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. Forty early models and their accompanying drawings are discussed.

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. COVER DESIGN: Patent 352: Doubling and Twisting Thread machine, issued August 15, 1837. Photo by Richard Strauss.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publicalion Data Janssen, Barbara Suit Technology in miniature. (Smithsonian studies in history and technology ; no. 49) Catalog of textile patent models in the collection of Ae Division of Textiles of the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs, no.: SI 1.28:49 1. Textile machinery—Patents—Catalogs. 2. Models (Patents)—^United States—Catalogs. 3. National Museum

of American History (U.S.)—Catalogs. 1. National Museum of American History (U.S.) II. Title. III. Series. TS1109.J325 1988 677'.028 87-600374

Contents

Page

Foreword, by Gary Kulik v Introduction 1

Historical Background 1 Compiling the Catalog 2 Acknowledgments 3

Restored Patent 5193x: Check and Plaid Power Loom 4 Restored Patent 8191x: Cloth Shearing Machine 6 Restored Patent 8952V2x: Wool Combing Machine 8 Restored Patent 9098x: Wool and Rax Combing Machine 10 Restored Patent 9743x: Reeling, Spinning, and Twisting Silk Machine 12 Patent 162: Loom Shuttle-Tongue 14 Patent 291: Self-adjusting Loom Temple 16 Patent 350: Cloth Napping Machine 18 Patent 352: Doubling and Twisting Thread Machine 20 Patent 490: Hair Cloth Loom 22 Patent 491: Fancy Power Loom 24 Patent 544: Loom Heddles and Harness 26 Patent 546: Loom for Weaving Knotted Counterpanes 28 Patent 595: Power Loom 30 Patent 596: Cordage Machine 32 Patent 710: Domestic Spinning Wheel 34 Patent 724: Speeder for Roving Cotton 36 Patent 758: Take-up and Let-off for Power Looms 38 Patent 781: Spindle and Ryer 40 Patent 823: Calico Printing Machine 42 Patent 863: Hand Card 44 Patent 977: Spinning, Doubling, and Twisting Silk Machine 46 Patent 987: Loom Temple 48 Patent 1015 and Restored Patent 3082x: Cloth Shearing Machines 50 Patent 1028: Carpet 54 Patent 1043: Spindle and Flyer 56 Patent 1051: Loom Harness 58 Patent 1080: Loom Temple 62 Patent 1228: Cordage Machine 64 Patent 1367: Reeling, Spinning, and Twisting Silk Machine 66 Patent 1421: Knitting Machine 68 Patent 1485: Loom Shuttle 70 Patent 1498: Loom Heddles 71 Patent 1563: Metallic Loom Heddles 72 Patent 1575: Wool and Cotton Picking Machine 74 Patent 1782: Rag Dressing Machine 76 Patent 1834: Knitting Machine 78 Patent 1838: Rotary Loom Temple 80 Patent 1902: Cloth-stretching Machine 82 Appendix A: Complete List of Patents from Class III, 1790-1847 84

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iv SMITHSO>fIAN STUDIES IN HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY

Appendix B: Chronological List of Textile Patent Models in the Smithsonian Collections, 1819-1910 100

Glossary 144 Selected Bibliography 146

Foreword The U.S. Congress decided in 1908 that the Patent Office no longer needed to keep its

huge collection of patent models and initiated a process of dispersal that has continued under different auspices to the present. For close to half a century, the Patent Office had required models, preferably not more than twelve inches square, with each patent application. In 1870, the new patent law dropped the model requirement, yet the commissioner of patents continued to request models for another ten years. But these little emblems of a mechanical age would soon be made redundant by the growth of invention in electricity and chemistry, inventions that were often impossible to "model." Furthermore the Patent Office could barely contain the quarter million or so models it had collected over the years. The Smithsonian Institution, once in 1908 and again in 1926, accessioned a total of eight thousand of those it deemed the most important, that is, those that had a known impact or were the products of prominent inventors. The rest have been scattered to the winds. Some have found their way to museums; others, through auctions and sales, are now in private hands; many others have been lost, damaged, destroyed. For most curators of technology collections the fate of the patent models is nothing less than a national scandal. But why should anyone care? Why should we collect and study patent models?

In the nineteenth century such questions would never have been asked. The Patent Office displayed its models prominently, even grandly. Objects of veneration, examples of creativity, they spoke eloquendy of national pride. They were never kept simply as a record of invention, nor just as a means for disclosing originality. The models were icons of American ingenuity, symbols of a smug, triumphant century. For many collectors today—museums included—the models retain such piously nationaUst meanings. Throughout this century, however, our unquenchable capacity for novelty has reduced their import to the status of curios, quaint reminders of a bygone and simpler time. But just what scholarly questions do they help answer?

Historians—even those who work in museums—are not very good at posing questions about objects. We are more comfortable with words, with books, with manuscripts. Objects are more difficult to "read," they do not reveal dieir meanings easily. More accurately, perhaps, objects reveal their surface meanings (form, style, even use) all too easily; but it is their latent or hidden meanings, the discovery of which constitutes the most creative form of twentieth-century inquiry, that remain obscure. So it is not surprising that historians of technology have yet to make significant research use of patent models. Yet the models continue to compel and provoke scholarly interest.

Patent models comprise an unrivaled visual and tactile record of ingenuity, of obsession, of achievement, of failure. They show us how things worked in ways that cannot be as easily nor as fully grasped through drawings and descriptions. These models embody particular visions of mechanical perfectability. They offer insight into the minds of inventors which, when combined with other sources, could provide a clue to the nonverbal thinking now believed to have been central to nineteenth-century invention. And they constitute an extraordinary record of change. Taken as a collection, the patent models are evidence of technological evolution: of change and mutation, of continuity and incremental change, like so many mollusks or sea urchins—not the conceptual model of unilinear progress popular during the nineteenth century. Each model stands at a particular moment in history, expressing both change and continuity, expressing a vocabulary of technical choice—form, motion, purpose—that is as much a social construction as it is the product of individual genius. Once established, technical forms like the power loom

VI SMTTHSONIAN STUDIES IN HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY

and the spinning frame can persist with a remarkable tenacity. Such forms both structure and confine change, and the formal properties of a technology are best studied in the machines and models themselves.

Catalogs like the following will assist further research on patent models. Barbara Suit Janssen has assembled detailed information on the forty earliest patent models in the Division of Textiles collection, while also providing a full listing of the Division's patent-model holdings. With over 4000 models, the Division's collection is probably the largest in the country devoted to a single industry. Those doing research on nineteenth-century textile technology will find this an indispensable resource and, I trust, a spur to developing research questions.

Gary Kulik, Chairman Department of Social and Cultural History National Museum of American History Smithsonian Institution

Technology in Miniature American Textile Patent Models

1819-1840


Introduction HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

The USNM collection of patent models at the National Museum of American History's Division of Textiles numbers over 4000. This catalog presents a sampling of nineteenth-century technology by illustrating the earliest models in the Division's collection. The 40 models included in this catalog may be viewed as a microcosm in which the inventions range from obscure and impractical to famous and innovative. They represent the period 1819-1840. This catalog begins the systematic documentation of the Division's patent models. The group of forty was chosen for its manageable size (considering the amount of conversation, photography, and research required) within the given time and money constraints. The main focus of this catalog is descriptive; no extensive evaluation of the devices has been attempted. Further scholarship is necessary to determine the impact, or lack thereof, of these inventions on the technology or environment (social and/or economic) for which they were intended.

The issuance of a patent is no guarantee that an invention will ever be commercially marketed, and it is likely that the majority of this collection was never manufactured. There were many obstacles to prevent a patented idea from becoming a commercially successful product. Primary among these was that many of the patented inventions were either impractical, overly complex, or made obsolete by a better idea. Nevertheless, the fame and success of inventions like Eli Whitney's cotton gin and Elias Howe's sewing machine spurred Americans on to patent almost everything imaginable. This

Barbara Suit Janssen, Division of Textiles, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560.

mania for patenting is illustrated, in the textile patent model collection, by its diversity and number of models. The USNM collection, which dates into the early twentieth century, includes commonplace items, such as clothespins (40 models) and baskets (50 models); complex machines, like looms (450 models) and sewing machines (750 models); and fabrics (135 design or construction patents represented). The abundance of patent models testifies to the enthusiasm of Americans to embrace a new idea, build a new machine, and mechanize America ft^om the factory to the home (Table 1).

Fifty patent models in the Division of Textile's collection were acquired in 1908 from the Patent Office. However, the main body of the Division's patent models were chosen by Dr. Frederick Lewton, curator of the unit then called Crafts and Industries. This selection took place in 1926 after Congress had decided to dispense with the Patent Office's museum of patent models. Dr. Lewton was one of two curators of the Smithsonian to select the most important patent models for the U.S. National Museum. He examined the 150,(X)0 models and chose approximately 15,000 for the Smithsonian. Although he selected a broad range of models, his area of specialty was textile machinery and, in particular, sewing machines. Thus his selection of models relating to this area of invention was particularly thorough. The remaining models were sold to private individuals.

By the time the Smithsonian acquired its model collection, the models had endured two major fires at the Patent Office. One fire in 1836 destroyed all the models (7000) that had been submitted up to that date. A second fire in 1877 destroyed 87,000 models out of a collection of 200,000. Of those destroyed, 12,000 were models of inventions that were denied

SMITHSONIAN STUDIES IN HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY

TABLE 1.—^Numbers of patents granted annually by the U.S. Patent Office from 1790 to 1840 (from P.J. Frederico, editor, Journal of the Patent Office Society, 18(July 1936):230-231).

Year

1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806

No. of Patents

3 33 11 20 22 12 44 28 44 41 44 65 97 84 57 63

Year

1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823

No. of Patents

99 158 203 223 215 238 181 173 206 174 222 156 155 168 200 173

Year

1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1832 1833 1835 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840

No. of Patents

228 304 323 331 368 447 544 474 586 630 752 708 436 515 404 458

patents and thus not considered important. The 1836 fire was by far the more catastrophic since not only were all the models lost, but 9000 patent drawings and all the records of patent applications and grants were also destroyed. These records were irreplaceable, and Congress considered the loss so great that $100,0(X) was appropriated to restore the drawings and the most important models. The Patent Office conferred with inventors when and where possible to ensure an accurate reproduction of each invention. This restoration program continued until 1849, at which time several thousand drawings and models had been restored. The restored patents were given a series of numbers called the x-series; they had not been numbered previously.

There are six models from the x-series in this catalog that were restored by the Patent Office. Although Eli Whitney's reconstructed model of the cotton gin is in the collection of the Division of Textiles, il was incorrectly reconstructed by the Patent Office and the restored drawings repeat the same mechanical defect. For these reasons, this model is not germane to this study and is not discussed in this catalog.

The other models, patents 162 to 1902, fall in the regular consecutive numbering system adopted in July 1836. They are the actual models that the inventor submitted along with drawings and written specifications.

Inventors placed great importance on their models and viewed a well-executed model as the key element in obtaining a patent. Therefore, many times the inventor would hire a professional modelmaker to tum a 2-dimensional paper drawing into a 3-dimensional miniature machine. The inventor could also tum to other skilled craftsmen, such as blacksmiths, watchmakers, or cabinetmakers to fabricate models. However, depending on the abihty of the inventor, who was often a mechanic, the model would often be homemade.

How a model was constructed depended mostly on what the patented feature was. The inventor had a choice of showing the complete machine or only his patented device. For instance, Charles R. Harvey's loom for weaving haircloth (490) is a complete miniature of a full-sized loom; whereas, the check and plaid loom (5193x) of Burt, Boyd, and Boyd shows the patented feature, the shuttle boxes, set in the bare framework of a loom. Other models could be the regular size of their commercial counterparts, such as James Baldwin's loom shuttle (1485); or, in the case of sewing machines, a commercial machine was often submitted as the model with the inventor merely adding his patented feature. It was not essential that the model work; however, many of them did. An example of this is Hiram Wheeler's spinning wheel (patent 710). In general, the models tended to adhere to requirements of the Patent Office that they not exceed a foot in any dimension.

After 1880, the Patent Office dropped the requirement for submitting a model, except in unusual circumstances. This action was taken primarily because the Patent Office had run out of space in which to store or display the models. It was also tme that inventions were becoming more complex and less amenable to representation by models. Once the requirement for submission of a model was rescinded, the decline of a large number of professional modelmakers was assured.

COMPILING THE CATALOG

For the purpose of producing this catalog, several steps were undertaken. The first step was physically dealing with the models: selecting, locating, conserving, and photographing. The next step involved researching the inventor and invention. This step required accessing materials from a variety of sources. A logical starting point was the National Archives' collection of patent drawings and files of patent applications. Currently, the patent drawings are stored in Washington, D.C, and the patent application files are stored in Suitland, Maryland. Since the location of these records may change, the National Archives suggests that researchers always check for current locations, and that specific references beyond that of acknowledging the National Archives not be made. Another resource for researching patent specifications for the years 1790-1906 is available on microfilm from Research Publications, Inc., New Haven, Connecticut, under the title "United States Patents."

The patent drawings that are included in this catalog are divided into two basic groups: the x-series and the utility series. The x-series are the drawings and models that were restored by the Patent Office after the 1836 fire. The utility series consists of the original drawings and models that are consecutively numbered patents beginning in July 1836 and continuing to the present. In both sets, the drawings not only illustrate the invention in detail, but sometimes offer a vignette of the period complete with people in the process of using the invention.

NUMBER 49

There are two guides available from the National Archives that can be used to identify particular x-series patent drawings: The "Name and Date List" records the x-series numbers consecutively and includes the inventor's name and date of patent. The other guide, "Inventors of Restored Patents List," arranges the inventors alphabetically with the x-series number following each name. However, neither list provides a name or description of the invention. Thus, if one wished to study drawings of a particular type of invention, these lists would not be helpful.

Two other publications are useful if one approaches patents from the subject matter standpoint. The first was compiled by Edmund Burke, List of Patents for Inventions and Designs Issued by the United States, from 1790 to 1847. This book classifies patents by subject (according to class) and includes a separate list of patentees. The second publication is an index and guide to the microfilm edition of Early Unnumbered United States Patents 1790-1836. This guide indexes the patents alphabetically by class, by subject, by patentee, and by date. Although both of these publications are helpful in leading one to patent information, neither includes the x-series of patent numbers.

In comparison to the situation of incomplete classification, the patent listings after 1836 are well indexed. Various publications are available that provide this information, the most useful of which are probably the numerous volumes of the Annual Report of the Commissioner of Patents and the Subject-Matter Index of Patents for Inventions Issued by the United States Patent Office from 1790 to 1873, Inclusive (three volumes). The Annual Reports, starting in 1841, contain a patent listing arranged by either subject (class), patentee's name and/or patent number. The latter publication condenses the patent lists from 1790 to 1873 in an alphabetical form according to the subject of invention.

A shortcut to requesting copies of patent specifications from the Patent Office and a major timesaver can be provided by a library that has a microfilm series of the patent specifications. The National Museum of American History has such a set, which dates from 1790 to 1906. The post-1836 patent specifications are easy to locate by patent numbers. The pre-1836 patents can be located by using the guide Early Unnumbered United States Patents 1790-1836.

The patent application files in the National Archives are another source of information dealing with patents dating after the 1836 fire. Unfortunately, information for patents (1837-1840) in this catalog is, in general, disappointing. A patent application file typically contains a handwritten specification signed by the inventor and the official printed specification and drawing. The original specification usually varies from the final printed specification. If the patent examiner rejected certain claims by the inventor, the file often contains letters

from the patentee's attorney or the patentee explaining or amending the patent claim. The name of the patent examiner is usually written on the patent application jacket For the patents discussed in this catalog, the examiner was either Charles M. Keller or Thomas P. Jones.

It is the prospect of finding unexpected information that leads one to investigate these files. For instance, interesting details include a petition by Erastus Bigelow to Henry Ellsworth, Patent Commissioner, conceming his loom patent (546):

...paid his Treasury fee and made application for a patent for the above invention somewhere about the first of November 1836 and his papjers and model were destroyed by the conflagration of the Patent Office in December...he therefore prays that due notice will be taken on the reception of these his second set of papers and model and his patent be issued forthwith.

and Alden Sibley's remarks as to the advantages (both economic and mechanical) of using his calico printing machine (patent 823).

One area in which there is room for more research is the study of local histories and genealogies found in the Library of Congress. They merit attention for the sketches about individuals and industries of various towns and cities in the United States. In summary, this catalog presents details of 40 early American textile inventions that were granted patents. These details generally include photographs of the models and drawings with a short narrative, as well as occasional photographs of inventors. The Appendices include basic information on additional models.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I wish to express my appreciation to various staff members of the Smithsonian Institution and others. I particularly would like to thank Rita Adrosko, Curator of the Division of Textiles, Gary Kulik, Chairman of the Department of Social and Cultural History, Douglas Evelyn, Deputy Director, and Kendall J. Dood, U.S. Patent Office, for their encouragement and advice. Joan Hom, Smithsonian Institution Press, fumished excellent editorial assistance, which helped create a more accurate and consistent catalog. Robert L. Klinger and Donald W. Hoist provided expert craftsmanship in restoring the patent models. Much appreciated typing assistance was provided by Linda MacLaughUn, Alice McKinney, Mary Jane Young, and Margaret McComb. I am indebted to my husband, Theodore Jon Janssen, whose logic and computer expertise were matched by his understanding and patience, and without whom this catalog might not have been realized. Special thanks are in order to The Ruth and Vemon Taylor Foundation, which provided funding for the Patent Model Data Base Project upon which this catalog is based.


RESTORED PATENT 5193X: Check and Plaid Power Loom Issued August 19,1828

Enoch Burt, Oliver D. Boyd, and Amos H. Boyd Manchester, Hartford Co., Connecticut

In their patent, Burt and the Boyds claimed the shifting and alternating of shuttles without stopping the motion of the power loom. The number of shuttle boxes corresponded to the number of colors in the check or plaid to be woven. They also patented

a stop motion which halted weaving by the action of a lever if the weft thread broke or the shuttle bobbin ran out of thread.

Scientific American credits "Rev. Enoch Burt, a man of splendid genius," with having taken out the first patent (5193x)

FIGURE L—Restored patent model 5193x. (S.L neg. 80-12387)

NUMBER 49

for a gingham loom in 1828.1 Burt also patented a cloth shearing machine in 1807, a check power loom in 1837, a rag dusting machine in 1838, a stop motion in 1845, and fancy check power looms in 1851 and 1854.2

Further notice was given to Burt and the Boyds for their 1828 patent in Gikoy's book. The Art of Weaving, published in 1844. In the book, he devoted two pages to describing the mechanics of their loom, but did not comment on the significance of their invention.

^Scientific American, 4(1849): 165. Îbid., 3(1848):149. ^Gilroy, The Art of Weaving, pages 402-403.

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FIGURE 2.—^Restored patent drawing 5193x. (U.S. National Archives)


RESTORED PATENT 8191X: Cloth Shearing Machine Issued May 13, 1834

Reuben Daniels Woodstock, Windsor Co., Vermont

In this patent, Daniels claimed the hollow constmction of being suitably still enough to be sharpened by using emery and the cylinder to which the twisted shearing blades were soldered. oil. He explains. He also claimed a method of fabricating the ledger blade and r^^ ^^^^ ^^ grinding the ledger blade, and those on the involving the cylinder with the shearing blades, which resulted in their cylinder, is this: after making them as true as possible in any of the ordinary

FIGURE 3.—^Restored patent model 8191x; note the shearing cylinder in front of the model. (S.I. neg. 82-2563)

NUMBER 49

ways of grinding, they are to be put into their places in the machine, with adjusting screws lo bring the ledger blade against the cylinder; a rapid motiai is then to be given to the latter, which motion must be continued until they are perfectly fitted into each other, emery, or other suitable substance, being used in the grinding.^

The editor of the Journal of the Franklin Institute commented:

Whether the foregoing modes of procedure are perfectly new, or to what extent they are so, we leave to the experience of those in the habit of using, and keeping in order, the kind of shearing machine to which they refer.^

Evidently the sharpening procedure was neither new nor successful. In Daniels' amended patent, reissued on August 22, 1834, he added a new sliding rest that saved the selvages from the wearing action of the blades and he reiterated the construction features; he did not include the technique of sharpening the blades.^

In 1831, Daniels, in partnership with others, formed a

machine shop under the name of R. Daniels and Co. Power for the shop machinery was fumished by water from a canal. The firm was successful in manufacturing carding machines, spinners, shearing machines, pickers, and other similar machines. They employed some fifty men. In 1836, The Burlington Mill Company bought $24,000 worth of machinery from the firm. The R. Daniels and Co. partnership dissolved in 1842 due to unfavorable economic conditions. However, the shop continued under the management of others and kept producing Daniels' patented machines.'

^Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series, 14(1834):394. 2lbid., new series, 15(1835):202. ^Henry S. Dana, History of Woodstock, Vermont (Boston and New York:

Mifflin Co.. 1889), pages 314-315. ''Calvert, "The Technology of the Woolen Qoth Finishing Industries," pages

57-59.

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FIGURE 4.^lestored patent drawing 8191x. (U.S. National Archives)

8 SMTTHSONIAN STUDIES IN HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY

RESTORED PATENT 8952V2X: Wool Combing Machine Issued July 7, 1835

Samuel Couillard, Jr. Boston, Suffolk Co., Massachusetts

Couillard's machine separated the different lengths of wool a card or tooth cylinder. These features comprised his patent fibers and brought them together after separation. This was claims.' done by the use of a revolving tooth belt in combination with In 1835, the year of Couillard's invention, combing was

FIGURE 5.—Restored patent model 8952 l/2x. (S.I. neg. 81-4415)

NUMBER 49

commonly done by hand. His invention was thought to be responsible for introducing worsted manufacture in the United States. Michael H. Simpson of Boston made use of Couillard's machine in 1835. In 1854 and 1857, Simpson patented improvements to Couillard's comber, which increased its production by more than five-fold. This improved comber was widely used in the United States for preparing wool for carpets. John Hayes declared it was the best combing machine for the type of wool called "carpet-wools."^

Couillard's patent of July 7, 1835 was reissued several times: June 16, 1836 and on July 6, 1839 (as No. 9). From the issuance of the first patent forward, the New England Worsted Company is listed as the assignee. It can be assumed that this company was using his machine and probably employed Couillard while he was developing the inventions.^

^Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series, 17(1836):121. ^Hayes, American Textile Machinery, page 54. ^Subject-Matter Index of Patents, 3:1857.

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FIGURE 6.—Restored patent drawing 8952 l/2x. (U.S. National Archives)

10 SMITHSONIAN STUDIES IN HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY

RESTORED PATENT 9098X: Wool and Flax Combing Machine Issued September 18, 1835

WiUiam W. Calvert Lowell, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts

William W. Calvert, a machinist, accomplished the separation of short and long fibers by the combination of a bristle or wire brush, which brushed the wool into teeth set on a cylinder, and the prong of a "universal swiper," which caught the long fibers and drew them out to be carried on a friction belt into a drawing can. The long fibers were then in the form of continuous roping and were ready for spinning.

It was noted with approval in the Journal of the Franklin Institute. 1836:

We think that much ingenuity and skill are manifested in the mode adopted for carrying out the conceptions of the patentee, but we are unable to offer any opinion of the probable success of the plan, as it is. in the present instance especially, a question of experience.'

In an account of the Patent Office fire of 1836, Calvert is mentioned as one of six American inventors (including Thorp and Couillard), whose patents pertained

to the spinning of cotton and wool and the manufacture of fabrics [which] reduced so much the expense of manufacture, that the British manufacturers

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FIGURE 7.—Restored patent drawing 9098x. (U.S. National Archives)

NUMBER 49 11

were reluctantly obliged, at the expense of no little national pride, to lay aside their own machinery and adopt our improvements, to prevent our underselling them even in their own home market.^

George W. Lyman of Boston, Massachusetts, was the assignee.

^Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series. 17(1836):261. ^U.S. Patent Office. An AccourU of the Destruction by Fire, pages 15-16.

RGURE 8.—Restored patent model 9098x. (S.I. neg. 81-4413)


RESTORED PATENT 9743X: Reeling, Spinning, and Twisting Silk Machine Issued June 20, 1836

Adam Brooks Scituate, Plymouth Co., Massachusetts

Brooks' machine was an improvement on an earlier patent of June 29, 1833 (7619x) for which the American Institute awarded him a gold medal at their tenth Annual Fair. He was also awarded a diploma for his improvements at their twelfth Annual Fair in 1839.^

The machine drew silk from cocoons that were lying in a pan of hot water. The heat of the water caused the threads of the cocoons to unwind. Once the threads of the cocoons were loose, they were drawn through guiding wires, between rollers, over spindles, through rings, and then fastened to spools. Following this, the silk was reeled, spun, and twisted into sewing thread. John Thorp's patented ring spinner of 1828 (5280x) had replaced the flyers.^ Note that the stylized drawing (Figure 11) shows flyers, whereas the model (Figure 10) and the patent drawing (not illustrated) show Thorp's ring spinner.

Two members of the Committee on Science and the Arts of the Franklin Institute examined Brooks' patent. They found it "merely a combination in a compact and convenient form of several contrivances already known and in use."** However, after they watched it work and examined the sewing thread that it produced, they were favorably impressed. Their opinion was that

its simplicity of form and efficiency of action adapt it in an especial manner for use in small establishments and families: enabling them by a moderate expenditure and with a degree of skill easily acquired to convert their raw material into a form suitable for domestic use or convenient for carriage to a market.*

The Journal of the American Institute also reported on Brooks' patent

... It is not only a most ingenious invention, but. in their judgment, cannot fail of becoming eminently useful. It seems to solve the problem, which has induced great doubt, whether the culture of silk in the United States would be profitably prosecuted, from the difficulty of good reeling of silk from cocoons, without very considerable manual instruction. The committee is satisfied, that an ingenious female can almost immediately learn to reel on Mr. Brooks' machine, in a perfect manner.*

Silver medals were awarded to three women who used Brooks' patented machine. At the eighth Annual Fair of the American Institute, Harriet and Charlotte Stark, of Dunbarton, New Hampshire, won a medal for silk sewing thread.^ Brooks' wife was awarded a medal at the twelfth Annual Fair for a pair

of silk stockings and a printed silk handkerchief made "from a piece 40 yards, grown, spun and wove by herself."*

^Journal of the American Institute, 3(1838):33. 2lbid.. 4(1840):671. ^A. Michal McMahon. editor. Records of the Committee on Science and

the Arts of the Franklin Institute (Wilmington: Scholarly Resources. Inc.. and The Franklin Institute. 1977), microfUm, reel 2. file number 163.

''Ibid. 5lbid. ^Journal of the American Institute, 2(1837):344-345. 'Ibid.. 1(1836):78. «Ibid., 4(1840):672.

FIGURE 9.—Harriet and Charlotte Stark proud of their prize winning skein of silk twist, which they had produced on Brooks' machine, displayed the sUk skem and silver medal framed together. (S.L neg. 80-20146)

NUMBER 49 13

FIGURE 10.—Restored patent model 9743x. (S.I. neg. 80-16792)

FIGURE 11.—This illustration of Brooks' patent accompanied an article in the American Institute Journal. 1838.

which described how the machine worked.


PATENT 162: Loom Shuttle-Tongue Issued April 17,1837

Comfort B. Thorp Smithfield, Providence Co., Rhode Island

Comfort Thorp was the younger brother of John Thorp, an important textile machinery inventor. Comfort worked for Thomas and William Retcher in their mill near North Providence.^ His patent improved the method of seeming and holding the cop on the common power loom shuttle, preventing shps that would waste yarn and cause imperfections in the cloth. The patent model submitted by Thorp contained two types of tongues. One used a common round tongue with wire spiraled around it. The other consisted of a tongue with ridges or notches similar to the teeth of a saw blade.

'Clark. "John Thorp." 124/125(1928):89.

FIGURE 12.—Patent model 162. The two loom shuttle-tongues were exhibited in a box. probably to keep them from being lost at the Patent Office. (S.I. neg. 80-12384)

NUMBER 49 15

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16 SMITHSONL\N STUDIES IN HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY

PATENT 291: Self-adjusting Loom Temple Issued July 22,1837

Samuel P. Mason Newport, Newport Co., Rhode Island

Temples are attachments on looms designed to keep the cloth at a uniform width during weaving. Self-acting temples required no adjustment as the cloth was woven, i.e., they automatically adjusted their position. The greater speed obtained with power-weaving made the use of self-acting temples a necessity.^

The basic construction of Mason's temples was similar to other temples of the period. The patented feature of his temple concerned the arrangement of the parts by which the jaws or forceps were forced open and released their hold on the cloth.^

Mason patented other useful textile machinery. Perhaps the most notable were a speeder for roving cotton in 1830 and a

cotton whipper in 1834, which James Montgomery, in 1840, considered the best, cheapest, and simplest whipper diat he had seen in factory use over a span of thirty years. There is no evidence that Samuel Mason was related to William Mason, who also invented a speeder for roving cotton in 1838 (see patent 724).^

'Alfred Barlow. The History and Principles of Weaving by Hand and by Power, 2nd edition (London: Sampson Low, Marston. Searle, and Rivington. 1879). pages 88. 305-306.

^Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series. 21(1838):272. ^Lozier, "Taunton and Mason." pages 98, 100. 118. 232. Montgomery. A

Practical Detail of the Cotton Manufacture, pages 26-28.

CENTIMETERS

RGURE 14.—Patent model 291. (S.L neg. 80-15214)

NUMBER 49 17

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PATENT 350: Cloth Napping Machine Issued August 8,1837

Benjamin Swasey Mount Vemon, Kennebec Co., Maine

Swasey's patent concerned the setting of teazles in the wires of the large napping cylinder. He also claimed certain springs and levers that shifted the cloth rollers in and out of gear. This shifting of the cloth rollers caused the cloth to come in contact with die teazles as the cloth was wound forward and then disengaged the cloth from the teazles as the cloth rewound. In this way, the cloth could roll fi^om one cylinder to another as

long as necessary to ensure a well-napped surface. An additional benefit was that the shifting of gears was accomplished without the "aid of a person to match and unmatch the gear work."^ Tension on the cloth was kept even by friction bands on the ends of the cloth rollers together with hanging weights.

'National Archives Record Group 241: Patent Application Files, patent 350.

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aft CLOTfl^ Acctay^/ /-y;- [37] Nappiu, 1 ')Eyj tSlMA..SEY

FIGURE 16.—^Patent drawing 350. (U.S. National Archives)

NUMBER 49 19

FIGURE 17.—Patent model 350. (S.L neg. 81-13338)


PATENT 352: Doubling and Twisting Thread Machine Issued August 15,1837

John Golding Dedham, Norfolk Co., Massachusetts

Golding specified that the frame of the doubling and twisting machine was to be constructed like any of the "modem" frames with gears and an eccentric or heart motion to guide the thread on the spool. His patent claim concemed the arrangement of the machinery that prevented wasting the thread if it broke. This was accomplished by stopping the spindle and throwing up the feeding-down roUer.

\ssr. ^


NUMBER 49 21

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PATENT 490: Hair Cloth Loom Issued November 25,1837

Charles R. Harvey Poughkeepsie, Dutchess Co., New York

Weaving with horsehair was difficult and slow because the weaver had to select an individual horsehair for each weft and insert it into the warp. Harvey's loom was a step toward mechanizing this process. However, he only dealt with changing from a hand loom to a power loom, not with the problem of weaving with horsehair. Even in his patent specification, he mentioned that the "hook" (a simple wooden rod with a hook at one end by which the horsehair was drawn in to be woven) is "made in the usual way." Harvey detailed his improvements as the application of power to both the

movement of the hook and the operation of the loom overall. At the tenth Annual Fair of the American Institute, in 1837,

Harvey was awarded a gold medal for his "hair seating loom." The Journal of the American Institute, published in 1838, remarked that "this is the first application of power to weaving hair cloth; and conceming the extent of the article (hair cloth) now used for fumiture, we think the loom is entitled to the highest consideration. "1

^Journal of the American Institute. 3(1838):138.

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NUMBER 49 23



PATENT 491: Fancy Power Loom Issued November 25,1837

William Crompton Taunton, Bristol Co., Massachusetts

Before William Crompton's patent was adopted, the harnesses of power looms were controlled by cams. This arrangement limited the number of harnesses that could be utilized, which in tum limited the complexity of patterns that could be woven. In order to vary the pattem the cams had to be laboriously changed. Crompton's invention solved both of these problems. In his patent, an endless pattem chain was used, upon which rollers or pins could be variously placed to engage the harness levers (as had the cams) but which allowed any number of hamesses to be used and eaily permitted the changing of pattems. Thus more elaborate designs could be easily woven on power looms.^

Wilham Crompton, an Englishman,^ had only been in the United States a year, when he designed this loom. He was employed by Crocker and Richmond, a textile mill in Taunton, Massachusetts, which failed that same year. Crompton went back to England where he entered into the cotton manufacture with John Rostran, in whose name he took out a British patent for his loom. Later in 1839 Crompton retumed to the United States to promote his looms. He met with success when the Middlesex Mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, invited him to alter his fancy cotton loom for the weaving of woolen fabrics. This he accomplished in 1840 and it was considered an important landmark for the woolen industry.^ Hayes quotes the Committee on Patents of the United States House of Representatives, 1878, that "upon the Crompton loom or looms based upon it, are woven every yard of fancy cloth in the world.'"*

In 1849, Crompton became incapacitated for work, but his son, George, carried on the business. After 1859, the Crompton Loom Work became one of the two largest fancy loom manufacturers in the United States.^

'Cole. The American Wool Manufacture. 1:306-309. Dictionary of American Biography 4(1930):561-562.

^Photograph of WiUiam Crompton supplied courtesy of Crompton and Knowles Loom Works.

^Rila Adrosko. "The Cromptons." (In Peter C. Marzio, editor, A Nation of Nations, pages 203-207. New York: Harper and Row, 1976). pages 203-204.

''Hayes, American Textile Machinery, pages 50-51. 'Lozier, "Taunton and Mason," pages 172-177.

NUMBER 49 25



'\\if.LrA.\f CitoMP'nj^'s


PATENT 544: Loom Heddles and Harness Issued December 29,1837

Benjamin Hartford and William B. Tilton Enfield, Grafton Co., New Hampshire

Hartford and Tilton improved upon the constmction of heddles by using strips of rolled flat metal with an eye punched through the middle of each strip to allow for the passage of warp yams. Heddles were commonly constmcted of cord. The replacement of metal for cord produced a more durable heddle. These one-piece metallic strips and the constmction of the heddle frame were the basis of their patent. The heddles slid

on two rods and were attached to clasps that could be adjusted permitting the heddles to correspond to the part of the reed that was in operation.

The editor of the Journalofthe Franklin Institute noted that "instead of the cord usually employed in making the hamess, it is to be composed of strips of metal...."^

^Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series. 22(1838):244.

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NUMBER 49 27


28 SMITHSONL\N STUDIES IN HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY

PATENT 546: Loom for Weaving Knotted Counterpanes Issued January 6, 1838

Erastus B. Bigelow West Boylston, Worcester Co., Massachusetts

Erastus B. Bigelow^ primarily claimed the mechanism that The editor of the Journal of the Franklin Institute remarked raised the knots which formed the figures or pattems on the in an article that counterpane. His patent specification was lengthy, consisting ^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^ ^.^ i ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ q ii y ^,^ superior to such as are of five pages of d rawings and nine pages of written produced in the hand loom; at all events we have not met with any thing of the specifications. kind in the shops that will compare wilh them for texture, and for beauty and


NUMBER 49 29

regularity of pattem. We speak advisedly on this point, havmg two of them in use, that have been examined by persons who are good judges in such matters. Of their durability there cannot be any doubt, and the friends of domestic industry WLU be glad to leam that the manufacture is so much facilitated by the invention of Mr. Bigelow as to cause them to be afforded at a price considerably below that at which those of an inferior quality can be imported, and yet to give a satisfactory remuneration to the manufacturer....

We anticipate that at a very early day. American counterpanes wUl become as general as berths on board steamboats, and as beds at hotels. The articles are for sale in all our large cities, and as soon as there is a sufficient supply, will make their way into every part of the Union.^

Bigelow was a prolific inventor, including the patenting of at least 33 looms. In 1842 he revolutionized carpet manufacture by a series of inventions that made the carpet loom automatic. The automatic features enabled the manufacturers to replace male weavers with less costiy female weavers or boys. His inventions for the power weaving of Ingrain, Bmssels,

Jacquard, and Wilton carpets were quite successful. Before the middle of the nineteenth century, the importance of these inventions was recognized, not only in the United States but also in Europe.^

The 1950 issue of The Bigelow Magazine, published by the Bigelow-Sanford Carpet Company for their 125th anniversary, included an article on Bigelow in which he was headlined as the "Father of the modem carpet industry.'"^

'The detail of Christian Schussele's painting. Men of Progress: American Inventors, shows Bigelow (standing) wilh one of his loom drawings attached to the wall behind him. (National Portrait Gallery. S.L)

Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series, 26(1840):173-174. 'Hayes, American Textile Machinery, pages 51-52. "Jay Bradley, editor. "Erastus Bigelow." The Bigelow Magazine, 2(5)(Sep-

tember-October 1950):6-9. 38-39.



PATENT 595: Power Loom Issued Febmary 6, 1838

Elijah Fairman Stafford, Tolland Co., Connecticut

Fairman's improvements, consisting of an additional cam and set of treadles, were additions to power looms in common use. His improvements allowed the hamesses to operate more smoothly and the warp to open, through which the shuttle

passed more easily. The end result was that the loom was better suited to weaving eiUier hght or heavy fabrics.

Six pages and three illustrations in Gikoy's book. The Art of Weaving, are spent in describing Fairman's patent. Gikoy

FIGURE 28.—This illustration of Fairman's loom accompanied an article in Scientific American, 1845. which described his improvement to the satinet loom. (S.L neg. 82-2780)

NUMBER 49 31

commented that Fairman's loom would probably work fine for simple weaves, but for fancy pattemed work, one requiring 10-100 heddle frame, it would be totally impractical.

Scientific American published an excerpt from Gilroy's remarks on Fairman's loom and included one engraving. At the end of the article there was advertized for sale an "invaluable work entitled The Art of Weaving, by Gikoy, which included a series of descriptions, with illustrations, of many different inventions."^

'Gilroy, The Art of Weaving, pages 374-379. ^Scientific American. 1(1846): 111.

RGURE 29.—Patent model 595. (S.I. neg. 80-20144)

PATENT 596: Cordage Machine Issued Febmary 7, 1838

Moses Day Roxbury, Norfolk Co., Massachusetts

This patent was an improvement on Day's earlier patent (9692x) of June 2,1836, which was destroyed in die 1836 fire and reconsdncted by the Patent Office for the Columbian Exposition of 1893. The difference between the two patents is the addition of a gauge-plate to the end of the machine by which it became a strandmaker. In Figure 32, the perforated gauge-plate on the end of the twisting machine is in the shape of a circle with ears. The toothed bench with flax laying on it in the restored drawing of patent 9692x was replaced in patent

drawing 596 wiUi a bobbin frame, which fed the cordage machine with the desired number of sd-ands to be twisted into cord. Day stated that his method of making cordage had two advantages over those in common use. First, the twist given to the strand was uniform throughout its length. Second, as the cord was made, it was wound on a bobbin, thereby eliminating the need for long rope walks and large buildings. Thus, the whole process could be done in a room that was only slighUy larger than the cordage machine and the bobbin frame.

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RGURE 31.—Patent drawing 596. (U.S. National Archives)


RGURE 33.—Restored patent model 9692x. (S.L neg. 82-3601)


PATENT 710: Domestic Spinning Wheel Issued April 25,1838

Hiram F. Wheeler Springville, Susquehanna Co., Pennsylvania

Hiram Wheeler's domestic wheel was intended to spin wool and tow. He tided his invention "inclined spinner," referring to the fact that the operator would sit at the machine as opposed to standing and walking when using the typical wool wheel. When the treadle was forced down with the foot, a cord ran out the carriage and the spinning wheel head. A weight brought them back toward the spinner. This movement of the carriage was equivalent to the spinner walking forward to the spindle tip for die draw out and then back to die wheel. Wheeler

specifically claimed as his invention this sliding action of the wheel head.

The editor of the 1839 Journal of the Franklin Institute remarked of the wheel that "tiiere is Little probability that our readers will ever see [the wheel], unless it be in the form of a model, at the Patent Office."* This prediction seems to have been valid, because there are no other known existing spinning wheels bearing his patent.

^Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series. 23(1839): 184.

118. SPIKNIN6 [M] Domeeti

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NUMBER 49 35


PATENT 724: Speeder for Roving Cotton Issued May 4, 1838

William Mason Taunton, Bristol Co., Massachusetts

In 1837, William Mason,* who was employed by Crocker and Richmond, developed a speeder to replace the Taunton speeder that had been invented by George Danforth in 1824.

Mason's patent consisted of two parts: the mode of wididrawing the spindle for die doffing and the centrifugal levers. The editor of the Journal of the Franklin Institute stated of the first part Uiat the mode was "ingenious, and manifesdy

good." Of the second part he explained diat" by their weight, at their outer ends, these levers expand by the centtifugal force, with a power proportioned to their velocity, causing their inner ends to press upon die spools, and laying the yard hard and compact upon diem; and consequendy, admitting of a very high degree of speed. "^

Although Mason was successful in improving the speeder

^ne-c^-a^^ /»r- /\.irvi/n-< lactic

FIGURE 36.—Patent drawing 724; the centrifugal levers are depicted "Fig. 5." (U.S National Archives)

NUMBER 49 37

(for which he was awarded patent 724) it was difficult to thread and to remove the bobbins. In addition, the speeder created coarse rovings at a time in die late 1830s when finer materials were becoming popular. The speeder later proved inferior to an improved English fly frame and disappeared from use in the 1840s and ISSOs.

Earlier in his career, Mason had devised a loom for weaving diaper cloth and another loom for weaving damask tableclodis. In 1833, he succeeded in perfecting John Thorp's ring frame (patent 5280x; see Figure 63) to the point where it was later used extensively in the textile industry. He also invented a self-acting mule for spinning cotton (patent 1801, issued October 8, 1840), which for that period was a successful altemative to the contemporary ring spinning machine.'*

In 1842, Mason, with the financial backing of James Kellog Mills, a Boston merchant, established a machine shop called William Mason and Company. Business prospered and in 1845 new buildings were constmcted. At that time. Mason's Taunton

shop was considered the largest machine shop in the United States. The shop was particularly successful in manufacturing cotton machinery, as well as machine tools, cupola fumaces, blowers, rifles, Campbell printing presses, gears, and shafts. Mason found new fame in 1852 when he began building locomotives, the first of which was finished in 1853. His locomotives found wide acceptance for their beauty of design and technical excellence.^ Mason was a pioneer inventor and manufacturer whose ideas, manufacturing metiiods, and products had a profound influence on American technology.

'The engraving of William Mason (above) is from the 1883 issue of American Journal of Fabrics (S.I. neg. 81-873).

^ones. Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series, 23(1839):232. 'Lozier. "Taunton and MasOTi," pages 169—171. '^Dictionary of American Biography, 12(1933):377-378. Navin, The Whitin

Machine Works Since 1831, pages 34-35. ^Dictionary, loc. cit. Bishop. American Manufacturers, 3(1868):319-323.

Lozier, "Taunton and Mason." pages 282-287.



PATENT 758: Take-up and Let-off for Power Looms Issued May 30, 1838

Stephen Kimball Putney, Windham Co., Vermont

Kimball's patent refers to the application of friction to the screw that caused the circular belt to contract or expand and, yam beam of a power loom. This was accomplished by using in tum, to increase or decrease the drag on the beam. An a belt, made of steel or iron, which formed nearly a circle elliptical spring eased the movement of the beam within the around the warp beam. Friction was created by adjusting a belt and helped maintain the evenness of the cloth.


NUMBER 49 39

(Model.)

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PATENT 781: Spindle and Flyer Issued June 12,1838

Richard E. Yerkes Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

According to his patent specification, Yerkes patented "the revolving arrangement and combination of the sMding shaft, with die broach, or with the spool, for the purpose of removing and renewing the latter ...." The action of the sliding shaft enabled the operator to remove and change the spool when the spring was pressed down. In addition, he patented the ring in combination with the flyers that distributed the yam on the spool. Yerkes intended his improvements to be used on machines for spinning cotton and other fibers.


NUMBER 49 41

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PATENT 823: Calico Printing Machine Issued July 9,1838

Alden Sibley Pawtucket, Bristol Co., Massachusetts

Sibley ' s improvement concemed the arrangement of the being able to work as heavy an Engraving, last as first, or second, and by which

color box, which held the coloring matter used in printing; the fumishing roll, which supplied the coloring matter to the printing roll; and the doctor, which acted as a scraper to remove any superfluous color from die cylinder. Sibley stated that the advantage of his machine was

means you can place the Light, delicate colors, first and Black or Chocolate last or as you please.'

His patent model shows only one engraved copper roller, although the machine was designed to do 3- or 4-color work with multiple rollers.

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NUMBER 49 43

Sibley recommended using flour instead of gum to thicken the coloring matter. He calculated diat to print 175 pieces it was necessary to use 42 pounds of gum sengal, at 22 cents a pound, which added up to $9.24; whereas, 42 pounds of flour cost only 5 cents a pound, for a sum of $2.10. That totaled up to a savings of $7.14 if die flour was used.^ Whedier or not the use of flour was ever adopted is not known.

By 1836, textile mills in the United States had printed 120

million yards of calicoes. Calico printing was popular among manufacturers largely due to the fact that the printing only added a step to the finishing process and did not affect or compUcate the weaving process.'

'National Archives Record Group 241: Patent Application FUes. patent 823. 2lbid. •'Bishop. American Manufacturers, 2(1868):404.



PATENT 863: Hand Card Issued August 1, 1838

George Faber Canton, Stark Co., Ohio

Faber's patent related to the constmction of the common hand card used for carding cotton or wool prior to the spinning process. He specifically patented using wood veneer, instead of leadier, for die foundation diat contained the card's wire teeth. The wood was cut from Vs to Vi6 of an inch in thickness, 4 inches in width, and 4 to 8 inches in lengdi. The wood was then steeped in water to soften it so diat when placed in a card

machine, it could be pricked and the teeth inserted. The veneer was nailed to another piece of wood and a handle inserted to form the hand card.

Although Faber did not claim credit for inventing the card machine, in his patent specification he did mention diat he had made improvements on it.

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NUMBER 49 45

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PATENT 977: Spinning, Doubling, and Twisting Silk Machine Issued October 10,1838

Harrison Holland Nordiampton, Hampshire Co., Massachusetts

The central part of Holland's patent concemed the stop would come in contact widi the dmm and then stop die machine motion mechanism on a silk direadmaking machine. If a thread by dirowing it out of gear. Also included in the patent was a broke, a small rod, connected to each of the threads by bent method to change the twist of the silk thread by using a short wires, would drop. A lever, to which die rod was attached, cylinder.

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NUMBER 49 47

FIGURE 47.—Patent model 977. (S.I. neg. 80-15210)

48 SMITHSONIAN STUDIES E^ HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY

PATENT 987: Loom Temple Issued October 19, 1838

Emory A. Angell Killingly, Windham Co., Connecticut

In his patent specification, Angell stated that "this temple is of the kind which holds the selvage of the cloth between jaws, which are opened by the beat of the lathe, and is in many respects similar to such as have been long in use." He claimed as his invention, the way in which the upper and lower jaws were connected by pins to form the hinge-joints.

On the original wrapper containing the patent application

papers is a faint handwritten note, "see Saml P. Mason's Temple July 1837."^ In the process of checking Angell's patent, Charles M. Keller, the patent examiner, probably wrote that notation but found no conflict with Mason's patent 291 and thus granted Angell his patent.

'National Archives Record Group 241: Patent Application FQes. patent 987.

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NUMBER 49 49

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PATENT 1015 and RESTORED PATENT 3082X:

Cloth Shearing Machines Issued November 25,1838, and March 2, 1819

Seth Parsons Hoosick Falls, Rensselaer Co., New York

Seth Parson's patent 1015^ was an improvement on his back and forth both ways widiout changing it from end to end, earlier patent 3082x. The later patent resembled the earUer one thereby saving much time ...."^ Also claimed was the motion but differed from it by its abUity "to shear broad and narrow of a brush that would bmsh the nap in either direction and a clodis, die machine operating upon [die clodi] in its passage few odier minor constmction detaUs.


NUMBER 49 51

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Parsons' patent 3082x had claimed to be an improvement on Samuel Dorr's 1794 patented shearing machine (not illustrated), which was called the "wheel of knives." The "wheel of knives" refers to the shearing cylinder, which was wrapped with blades in a spiral pattern. Parsons said of his improvement that it could be "composed of frame of suitable size, about 3 feet 7 inches long; 2 feet 4 inches wide and 4 feet high. Instead of knives on a large circle it should be a small one, about 2-1/2 inches in diameter ...."^ Figure 54 shows Parson's improvement of using conical-shaped spreaders and a cylindrical roller with wire teedi to stt etch and advance the clodi.

In the 1820 Manufacturers Census, there is a reference to Parsons' first shearing machine being used by a woolen manufacturer, Shearwood and Goreham from Rensselaer

County, New York.^ This earlier machine is also mentioned in an account of die Patent Office fire of 1836 as being one of several models of valuable improvements in shearing and napping clodi.^ At die twelfdi Exhibition of American Manufacturers, in 1842, Parsons and an associate. Wilder (full name not known), were awarded certificates of Honorable Mention for dieir improved clodi shearing machines.^

^Portrait of Parsons is from the label on his patent model 1015 (S.L neg. 82-2568). See also Figure 50 below.

^National Archives Record Group 241: Patent Application Files, patent

1015. ^Ibid.. patent 3082x. page 1. ''Hitz, "Technical and Business Revolution." page 280. 5U.S. Patent Office. Destruction by Fire, pages 15-16. ^Journal of the Franklin Institute, third series. 4(1842):342.

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NUMBER 49 53

RGURE 53 (right).—Restored patent model 3082x. (S.L neg. 81-4416)

RGURE 54 (below).—^"Fig. 4" of restored patent drawing 3082x. side views and spreaders. (U.S. National Archives)

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PATENT 1028: Carpet Issued December 10, 1838

John Humphries New York, New York Co., New York

Humphries' innovation was the addition of a supplementary layer to the bottom of a carpet to provide an extra cushion and to strengdien die overall stmcture. The added stuffer weft (Figure 56) is a stout, loosely twisted cord, woven into die underside of die carpet and interlaced widi the grotind warp. These samples of carpeting are important because they are the earliest known examples of patented carpeting in die United States.

Whether this patent was utUized is unknown but there is evidence of Humphries' being involved in the manufacture of

carpeting. The Journal of the Franklin Institute lists premiums awarded at their eighth exhibition in 1833. John Humphries was presented a premium for four pieces of Bmssels carpeting. The judges noted that "these goods are of excellent quality and style, and satisfactory assiu"ances have been received diat they are exclusively of American workmanship throughout all die processes, from the raw material to the finished product of the loom."i

^The Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series, 12(1833):387.

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NUMBER 49 55

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PATENT 1043: Spindle and Flyer Issued December 28, 1838

John Howarth and Nathan F. Jones Andover, Essex Co., Massachusetts

Howarth's and Jones' patent covered certain improvements on flyers and spindles attached to machinery (such as throstles or spinning frames) where a twisting apparatus was needed. The improvements were useful for roving and spinning cotton or other fibers.

They experienced some delay in obtaining a patent and hired R.H. Eddy of Boston, a patent attomey, to represent them. Their original claims were abridged and condensed. In the last letter (December 1, 1836) from Eddy to Commissioner of Patents Henry Ellsworth, Eddy retumed the amended specifica

tion without any other essential changes in it and said: "...leaving it to your discretion to reject or admit the claim .... But I supposed that the arrangement and combination of diese different parts with each other might show sufficient novelty to constitute and claim to a patent."^ Presumably widi Eddy's help, Howarth and Jones were able to receive their patent in 1838.

^National Archives Record Group 241: Patent Application Files, patent 1043.

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58 SMITHSONIAN STUDIES IN fflSTORY AND TECHNOLOGY

PATENT 1051: Loom Harness Issued December 31, 1838

John Thorp and William G. Angell Providence, Providence Co., Rhode Island

Thorp's and Angell's "extra-eyed flat knot" hamess consisted of one or more rows of eyes for every heddle, so that radier than using die same row of eyes each time when weaving, warp yams could be shifted into anodier row of eyes. By diis addition, wear on the eyes was reduced substantially. The knots that made the eyes were also flattened so that the warp yams could pass through more easily. These changes were alleged to make die hamess more durable than the single-eyed hamess. Also patented was die way in which the heddles were fastened to the back-band of die hamess.

John Thorp (1784-1848)^ gained distinction for his invention of ring spinning, which established the basis of modem spinning. His two patents of 1828 (5280x and 5322x) and his patent of 1844 (3766) were the basic patents for continuous spinning and twisting. Unfortunately, although brilliant in theory. Thorp's invention, which had the potential for high speeds at less power, had mechanical problems. These problems precluded the commercial use of his patents and in fact prejudiced many against his concept of ring spinning. It

was not untd the 1840s, when odiers, such as William Mason, had added improvements, that die ring frame started to become commercially accepted.^

Thorp spent most of his life in or near Providence, Rhode Island, which was die center for cotton spinning in the United States. He was associated with Thomas and William Retcher, North Providence Braid manufacturers, but eventually established a separate business as a machinist and later as a machine builder.^

Besides his various spinning patents. Thorp also patented a hand and water loom, 1812; a power loom, 1816; two braiding machines, 1821 and 1826; a netting machine, 1828; and a narrow fabric loom, 1829."*

As was typical of many inventors. Thorp was unable to financially capitalize from his inventions. There were several reasons for this; first was his failure to simplify die ring frame, and second his failure to protect his patent rights in court. Finally, he lacked the business acumen and capital to manufacture and sell his own machinery, which would have freed him from reliance on others to produce and market his inventions.^

WUliam Gorham Angell (1811-1870) worked in die carpentry trade of his father until about 1831. He dien entered into parttiership with his uncle, John Gorham, manufacturing loom-reeds. It is presumed that they used a machine for making loom-reeds that Angell had invented previously. After 1838 Angell became involved with the manufacture of screws and was die President of die American Screw Company for many years.^

'The above daguerreotype (ca. 1843-1845, from the April/June 1928 issue of Textile World) is believed to be of John Thorp (S.L neg. 80-15689).

^Clark. "John Thoip." 124/125(1928):72, 79-80. Lozier, "Taunton and Mason." pages 207-228. Navin, Whitin Machine Works, pages 34-35.

^Clark. "John Thorp." pages 85. 89. ''Ibid., page 77. Lozier. "Taunton and Mason." page 77. ^Ibid., page 228. Qark. op.cit., pages 90-92. ^he Bibliographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Rhode Island

(Providence: National Bibliographical Publishing Co., 1881). page 374. RGURE 59.—Patent model 1051. (S.L neg. 80-16794)

NUMBER 49 59

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NUMBER 49 61

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PATENT 1080: Loom Temple Issued Febmary 13, 1839

Kendall Gibbs South Berwick, York Co., Maine

As widi die Mason and Angell temples (patents 291 and use ...."^ His patent primarily covered the action of the jaws, 987), Gibbs' temple was noted as being "a very near as controlled by a joint for one operation and a spring for resemblance to some temples which have been previously in another.

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Gibbs assigned his patent to Jonadian Dennis, Jr. (of Portsmouth, R.I.), who in tum paid the required thirty dollar patent fee in exchange for die patent rights.^ [Note diat Figure 69 wrongly cites assignee as "Joseph."]

Although nothing is known about Gibbs, further information conceming Dennis relates to his other inventions. On December 28, 1838, he received two patents, 1040 and 1041, both for machines designed to wind silk. At the tendi Exhibition of Domestic Manufacturers, held by the Franklin Institute in 1838, he was awarded an honorable mention for his silk spinning and specimen of silk.^ On June 21, 1838,

patent 799 was awarded to Dennis for a circular fi-ough used in protecting trees from the canker worm. The editor of the Franklin Institute, Thomas P. Jones, who was also the superintendent of the Patent Office, commented on this patent: "... we will undertake to prophecy ... the trees fumished widi

his protectors will still be few and far between ...."'*

^Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series. 25(184O):108. National Archives Record Group 241: Patent Application FUes. patent

1080. Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series. 23(1839):302. "Ibid., page 396.



PATENT 1228: Cordage Machine Issued July 9, 1839

Alfred Hathaway Boston, Suffolk Co., Massachusetts

Hathaway claimed that his patent would do away widi long buildings, called rope walks, which were then necessary to house die machinery used in the manufacture of rope. His intent was to replace them widi much smaller buildings. He admitted that this particular invention was not original and that smaller more efficient machines had been the subject of previous inventions. He thought, however, that all of the currenUy

patented cordage machines had some fault in constmction or operation. In his machine for twisting and laying strands into cordage of various sizes, therefore, he felt that the six parts claimed in his patent specification corrected these defects. Other than these improvements, Hathaway's patent resembled other machines of the period.^

^Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series. 26(1840): 108.


NUMBER 49 65

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PATENT 1367: Reeling, Spinning, and Twisting Silk Machine Issued October 12, 1839

Jacob Pratt Sherbom, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts

Pratt is an example of an inventor who thought he had a more complicated original invention than he actually had. In his patent application fUe, his specification makes four claims. Out of diose four, only one was approved by Charles M. Keller, the patent examiner, and that claim was for using a trough of zinc.^ The trough held spools of silk fibers prior to spinning and was filled with warm water which kept the fibers from sticking together.

The Journal of the Franklin Institute, 1840, commented:

"Its constmction is, in general, simUar to such as is well known, and is not claimed as new .... No particular reason is given for making the troughs of zinc, and we suppose tiiat copper would do equally well; but firom the special mention of this metal we were led to look for some ground of preference to it."2

'National Archives Record Group 241: Patent Application Files, patent 1367.

^The Journal of the Franklin Institute, new series. 26(1840):388.

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NUMBER 49 67



PATENT 1421: Knitting Machine Issued December 5, 1839

Richard Walker Portsmouth, Rockingham Co., New Hampshire

Walker's knitting machine, which he called a "rotary power stocking loom," knitted by a rotary motion and the action of a cam-shaft. The stocking loom could be operated as a single domestic machine tumed by a crank or operated by belts and pulleys as would have been used in a factory. Walker claimed his arrangement made the knitting machine self-acting. He replaced the jacks, which were used in English machines, widi

a carriage and roller which produced more equal pressure on die yam and therefore enabled the knitting of a harder twisted yam.

The 1841 Journal of the Franklin Institute remarked: "Those who have ever seen a stocking frame must be aware of its great complexity .... In the present instance an attempt is made, and we diink not widiout success, to give the machine greater


NUMBER 49 69

simplicity without sacrificing any of its good qualities."^ An article in the Daily News Record (New York), marking machines in the factory.

the centenary of power knitting, credited Richard Walker as patenting the first power drive rotary knitting machine in America.

of woolen stockings per week. He used his patented knitting

^Journal of the Franklin Institute, third series. 1(1841):98. ^"Centenary of Power Knitting in America Marks Vast Changes in Worid's

Walker owned a factory in Portsmoudl, N e w Hampshire, industry." Daily News Record (New Yoric). April 8.1931. page 17.

which in 1839, was the largest knitting factory in the United 'Ira J. Haskell, Hosiery thru the Years (Lynn. Massachusetts: Carole

States. He employed 220 workers and manufactured 30(X) pairs Mailing Service, 1956). page 48.

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PATENT 1485: Loom Shuttle Issued January 31, 1840

James Baldwin Nashua, Hillsboro Co., New Hampshire

Baldwin's patent consisted of a steel spring and catch made in one piece diat fits inside die wooden bobbin. In his patent specification he claimed diis avoided die expense of separate catches and springs diat were in die common shutde as dien in use. The arrangement and constmction of the spring and catch were such diat pushing die bobbin down on die spindle and into the moudi of die shutde secured die bobbin on the catch. By pulUng up on the bobbin, the head of die spindle pushed down on the spring, which in tum disengaged die catch

and released die bobbin. These improvements made it easier for the bobbin changer to replenish die shutde with diread.

An earUer notice of Baldwin's loom shuttle appears in the Journal of the American Institute. In 1838, at the elevendi Annual Fair of the American Institute, James and E. Baldwin were awarded a diploma for an improved loom shutde.' On May 3, 1859, James Baldwin was successful in having his shutde awarded reissue patent 710.

^Journal of the American Institute, 4(1840):37.

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RGURE 72.—"Fig. 3" of patent drawing 1485. (U.S. National Archives) RGURE 73.—Patent model 1485. (S.L neg. 80-20143)

NUMBER 49 71

PATENT 1498: Loom Heddles Issued Febmary 26,1840

John Thorp and William G. Angell Providence, Providence Co., Rhode Island

These heddles were presented to the Patent Office in a round wooden frame, including examples of both wire and twine heddles. In the patent specification. Thorp and Angell described the dimensions of heddles for use in weaving cotton cloth on a common power loom. These dimensions could be changed, however, so that any kind of weaving could be done. A chain of the heddles was formed by taking two pieces of wire or twine and tying them with a common square knot, "which will unite diem in the same way and manner that a lady ties her apron strings or a child his shoestrings."' The

placement of the knots resulted in the formation of the eyes of die heddles.

Thorp and Angell did not include a patent drawing widi the specification. The 1841 Journal of the Franklin Institute remarked of this omission: "We must suppose ... that the description, although to us somewhat obscure, would be clear to a professional weaver."^

^National Archives Record Group 241: Patent Application Files, patent 1498, page 1.

^Journal of the Franklin Institute, third series. 1(1841):275.

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PATENT 1563: Metallic Loom Heddles Issued April 24,1840

Charles Strong Hartford, Windsor Co., Vermont

The heddles are shown in die hamess frame. Strong patented two improvements on the metallic heddle. One was the mediod of consttiicting the heddle eye, which consisted of soldering two pieces of thin tinned iron together with the metal soips bent to form the semicircular hole. The second improvement involved the arrangement of the heddles in two rows instead of one, which enabled higher slayed clodi to be woven.

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PATENT 1575: Wool and Cotton Picking Machine Issued April 30, 1840

George C. Kellogg and Phineas Gillet New Hartford, Litchfield, Co., Connecticut

According to the patentees, picking was improved because small matted fibers would not escape the opening and separation process. This improved feeding of the wool or other fibers was due to a combination of the feeder, shell, and picker cyUnder. "Fig. 2" in the patent drawing (Figure 78) illustrates this combination. The fibers to be picked were first spread on the creeper cloth (A), then moved on to die concave shell (J) at which time the teeth of die feeder (i) engaged the fibers and brought them into contact (K) with the teedi (F) of the picker cylinder (E). (G) is a short bolt with a nut at one end.

Also patented was the mediod of holding die teeth in the picker cylinder, which enabled the teeth to be easily removed, sharpened, and set back in by the picker tender or a "small lad."^ "Fig. 3" shows how the teeth were set by using a short

bolt with a nut on one end. The patentees also specified diat the picker teeth were made of cast steel, the shell of cast iron, and the spur wheel of the feeder of cast and wrought iron.

It is likely that Kellogg and Gillet produced these pickers, since in their patent specification they state: "We build diem in all die variety of forms and sizes to suit the order, or magnitude of the work required, and our improvements are applicable to old and new pickers of every form."^ This type of information was not usually included in patent specifications.

^National Archives Record Group 241: Patent Application FUes. patent 1575, page 1.

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NUMBER 49 75

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PATENT 1782: Rag Dressing Machine Issued September 10, 1840

Emery Smith North Sudbury, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts

Smith's machine prepared cotton waste prior to its being cut up and dusted and then processed into paper. Aldiough die end

product is paper, diis model is included because it is in Burke's list of patents from Class III (see Appendix A). The cotton


NUMBER 49 77

waste, usually diread obtained from factories, was generally twisted and knotted togedier and contained foreign matter diat had to be removed before it could be further processed. This process was normally performed by hand. Smidi claimed diat his machine replaced 30 workers and diereby effected a great savings.

The patented action of die machine consisted of a cylinder with rows of forked teeth in combination with a row of pointed wires fixed to die inside wall of die box. The teeth and wires were so arranged that when die cylinder revolved diey did not meet. The cotton was beaten by die tuming of die cylinder, which caused die teeth to work die cotton against die wires, dius forcing die extraneous materials to separate and fall through a wire mesh to the bottom of die machine for subsequent removal. The cotton or rags were then considered "dressed" and ready for die next step in die papermaking process.

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PATENT 1834: Knitting Machine Issued October 22,1840

Benjamin Hutchinson, Jr. Springfield, Hampden Co., Massachusetts

Hutchinson's improvement was for knitting stockings with a closed seam. This he had accomplished by adding an endless chain of needles. The continuous chain is pictiu-ed in the patent drawing ("Fig. 3" of Figure 81) but is missing from die patent model. One of die knitting needles from the chain sits in front of die model (Figtu-e 82).

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NUMBER 49 79


80 SMITHSONIAN STUDIES m HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY

PATENT 1838: Rotary Loom Temple Issued October 28,1840

George Draper Palmer, Hampden Co., Massachusetts

George Draper's temple further improved those of his father, Ira Draper, patented in 1816 and 1829 (patent 5419x). Ira patented the first self-acting rotary temple. George's improvement added a second row of teeth on die wheel of die temple. Previously, only a single row was utilized, which tended to leave a track of holes in the cloth as it was woven. The double row of teeth solved this problem of die fabric being marked in a single track. By having a double bearing on the selvage of the cloth, each row pulled on different threads and reUeved the strain on a single warp yam. It is evident from the patent drawings that the only difference between die two temples is

in die extt-a row of teedi on George's temple wheel. From 1816 on, the rotary temple was widely accepted and

successful. In fact, Ira's invention doubled the number of looms that a weaver could handle.^ The Draper family continued to improve their temples and bought the rights to other temple patents. Eventually they developed the Draper Company into the largest temple manufacturer in the world.^

^Waldemar Kaempffert. editor. A Popular History of American Invention (New York: Charies Scribner's Sons, 1924). page 241.

^Dictionary of American Biography, 5(1930):437.

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NUMBER 49 81

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PATENT 1902: Cloth-stretching Machine Issued December 14, 1840

John Tillou New Haven, New Haven Co., Connecticut

Tillou's machine was designed to remove mill wrinkles from cloth by stretching it in two directions. The clodi was stretched widdiwise by transverse mbbers and was stretched lengthwise widi rolling oblique cylinders. The mbbers are missing from die model, but are clearly seen in "Fig. l(EE)" of die patent drawing (Figure 87).

In his patent specification, 1902, Tillou noted that this model is one-fourth of the size of the machine intended for stretching narrow clodi. The size of the machine would vary if used for stretching cassimere, satinet, or broadcloth.^

'National Archives Record Group 241: Patent Application FUes, patent 1902. page 2.


NUMBER 49 83

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Appendix A Complete List of Patents from Class III, 1790-1847

This appendix, "Manufacturers of fibrous and textile substances, including machines for preparing fibres of wool cotton, silk, fur, paper, &c." is excerpted from Edmund Burke's book. List of Patents for Inventions and Designs, Issued by the United States, from 1790 to 1847. Burke's edition is useful because the patents are first organized by class and dien alphabetically within the class by subject matter, unlike other listings which are organized chronologically or by the patentee's name. In the case of the three-volume set Subject-Matter Index of Patents for Inventions Issued by the United States Patent Office from 1790-1873, Inclusive, the patents are listed alphabetically according to die subject of invention. The textile related patents are not grouped together

as a class, but as individual subjects, for instance, following the listing of looms are loops, lotteries and lounges, which makes it difficult to know die scope of the entire set In addition, the terminology is inconsistent and does not allow for easily locating individual inventions or inventions of a simUar nature.

The starred patents indicate the models illustrated in the catalog. Note diat diere are inconsistencies between this list and other patent documents with respect to the spelling of the inventor's name, the tide of die invention, and the inventor's residence. In patents where an assignee is listed, the residence is that of die assignee.

84

NUMBER 49 85

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Appendix B Chronological List of Textile Patent Models in the Smithsonian Collections, 1819-1910

There are more than four thousand patent models in the collection of the National Museum of American History's Division of Textiles. Most of these models were selected by Dr. Frederick Lewton in 1926 when the Patent Office disposed of its collection. Prior to 1880, a model, along with the inventor's written specification and drawing, was required to obtain a patent. Even after the model requirement was dropped in 1880, inventors continued to submit models.

The Patent Office fire of 1836 destroyed all of the models that had accumulated up to that time. Shortly thereafter, the Patent Office undertook a restoration program to replace the most important drawings and models. This restoration program continued until 1849, during which time several thousand drawings and models were restored.

The listing does not include sewing machine patent models and attachments (approximately 1600). For a complete history of sewing machines and a guide to the Division of Textile's collection, Grace Cooper's book. The Sewing Machine: Its Invention and Development, is suggested as a reference.

This listing is part of a special computerization project.

carried out by the author, to compile a database on the estimated 10,000 models in the National Museum of American History. The textile patent model list spans the years 1819 through 1910.

The following information is given for each patent: patent number, inventor, type of invention, and year of patent issuance. Other items not shown here but included in the database are names of additional inventors, month and day of patent, city and state residence of inventor, assignee, Smithsonian division in which model is kept, Smithsonian catalog number and photographic negative number (if available). The database computer project is ongoing and will continue to evolve as new information becomes available. As is generally true of computerized databases, it is possible to select and sort records by any of the information categories listed above. Should researchers be interested in further information concerning the patent model collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of American History, they should contact the author. The Division of Textiles is interested in learning more about our patent models and would welcome additional information.

100

NUMBER 49 101

Patent Invention Inventor Year

3082x 5193x 8191x

18952V2X 9098x 9743x

162 291 350 352 490 491 544 546 595 596 710 724 758 781 823 863 977 987

1015 1028 1043 1051 1080 1228 1367 1421 1485 1498 1563 1575 1782 1834 1838 1902 1962 1983 1984

2108 2175 2184 2230 2255 2262 2278 2373 2377 2458 2464 2489 2493 2511 2574 2576 2605

Cloth Shearing Machine Loom, Power, Check & Plaid Cloth Shearing Machine Combing Machine, Wool Combing Machine, Wool & Flax Spinning & Twisting Silk Machine

Loom Shuttle Tongue Loom Temple, Self Adjusting Cloth Napping Machine Doubling & Twisting Machine, Thread Loom, Hair Qoth Loom, Fancy Power Loom Heddle, Metallic Loom, Knotted Counterpane Loom, Power Cordage Machine Spinning Wheel, Domestic Speeder For Roving Cotton Loom Let Off & Take Up Spindle & Flyer Printing Machine, Calico Card, Hand Spinning & Doubling Thread Machine Loom Temple

Cloth Shearing Machine Carpet Spindle Se. Flyer Loom Hamess Loan Temple Cordage Machine Reeling, SpLoning & Twisting Silk Knitting Machine Loom Shuttle Loom Heddle Lo<»n Heddle, Metallic Picking Machine, Wool & Cotton Rag Dressing Machine Knitting Machine, Circular Loom Temple, Rotary Cloth Stretching Machine Carding Machine Spinning, Cotton Roving Braid Trimming Machine, Straw

Speeder, Trostle & Cap Wool & Cotton Qeaner Spinning Machine, Ring Cloth Folding & Measuring Machine Fulling Machine, Felt Qoth Hair Seating, Figured Damask Combing Machine, Wool Cotton Gin Locan Temple Silk Reeling Machine Loom Temple, Rotary Loc»n Shuttle Knitting Machine Carding & Spinning Machine Locm, Power Spinning Frame, Cap Cloth Napping Machine

Parsons, Seth Burt, Enoch Daniels, Reuben CouUlard, Jr., Samuel Calvert, WiUiam W. Brooks, Adams

Thorp, Comfort B. Mason, Samuel P. Swazey, Benjamin Golding, John Harvey, Charles Crompton, WiUiam Hartford, Benjamin Bigelow, Erastus B. Fairman, Elijah Day, Moses Wheeler, Hiram F. Mason, WUliam KimbaU, Stephen Yeikers, Richard E. Sibley, Alden Faber, George HoUand, Harrison AngeU, Emory A.

Parsons, Seth Humphries, John Howarth, John Thorp, John Gibbs, KendaU Hathaway, Alfred Pratt, Jacob Walker, Richard Baldwin, James Thorp, John Strong, Charles KeUogg, George Smith, Emory Hutchinson, Benjamin Draper, George TiUson, John Crane, Ebenezer Danforth, Charles Robbins, Henry H.

Whitehead, Jesse Calvert, WUliam Hunter, David Spaulding, Joel WeUs, Henry A. Ross, Samuel Calvert, Francis A. Calvert, Francis A. Craig, William Jones, WiUiam H. Draper, George Cobum, John H. French, Arasmus Chase, Moses Nield, James Danforth, Charles Taylor, John

1819 1828 1834 1835 1835 1836

1837 1837 1837 1837 1837 1837 1837 1838 1838 1838 1838 1838 1838 1838 1838 1838 1838 1838

1838 1838 1838 1838 1839 1839 1839 1839 1840 1840 1840 1840 1840 1840 1840 1840 1841 1841 1841

1841 1841 1841 1841 1841 1841 1841 1841 1841 1842 1842 1842 1842 1842 1842 1842 1842



2616 Loom 2625 Loom, Carpet 2639 Loom, Carpet 2680 Spinning, Twisting & Kinking Hair 2696 Loom, Jacquard, Carpet 2741 Loom, Power, Counterpane 2744 Loom, Power, Counterpane 2755 Loom Shuttle 2798 Loom, Fish Net 2805 Combing Machine, Wool 2935 Loom, Power

3005 Loom, Power 3062 Loom Shuttle Motion 3075 Spinning Machine, Cotton & Wool 3089 Speeder, Double 3094 Carding Machine RoUers 3155 Thread Dressing & Finishing Machine 3174 Carding Machine 3250 Spinning, Cotton Roving 3275 Knitting Machine, Stocking 3397 Loom Let Off 3436 Knitting Machine, Straight 3452 Spuming, Hemp 3469 Cloth Folding & Measuring Machine 3511 Loom Temple 3553 Spindle & Flyer 3599 Loom, Power 3684 SUk Reel 3766 Spinning Machine, Ring & Hook 3785 Combing Machine, Wool 3843 Carding Machine, Self Stripping 3912 Cotton Qeaning Machine 3925 Loom Temple 3926 Speeder Hyer 3934 Rope Making Machine 3948 Loom Let Off & Take Up 3954 Loom, Power 3955 Loom Stop Motion

4033 Hat Nap Polishing Machine 4039 Knitting Machine, Netting 4215 Spinning Bobbin Driver 4277 Roving, Laying In Cans 4281 Spindle Tube, Live 4372 Cotton Wadding Machine 4379 Loom Temple 4514 Picker Rivet 4562 Spinning Machine, Cap 4608 Net Making Machine 4644 Loom, Carpet 4645 Loom Treadle Cam, Twill 4649 Doubling, Twisting & Reeling Yam 4683 Bobbin. Flyer & Spindle 4696 Loom, Carpet 4707 Net Making Machbe 4714 Rope Making Machine, Wire 4881 Loom Hamess & Heddle 4892 Spinning Wheel 4993 Cloth Machine Fold & Measure 4999 Cotton Qeaning Machine

Hendrick, Benjamin W. Bigelow, Erastus B. Bigelow, Erastus B. Bumham, Hiram Flint, Thomas Bigelow, Erastus B. Bigelow, Erastus B. Leavitt, Daniel Hoesen, Levi Vaughn Sargent, Charles G. Downing, Frederick

Sanford, George S. Cunningham, Robert P. WUcox, Amander N. DavoU, WUliam C. Barbour, Horace TUt, Benjamin Boynton, John Graves, Jacob Burt, Henry Brayton, WiUiam H. Walker, Richard Montgomery, WiUiam Durgin, SUas C. Lsne, Isaac C. Stevens, Phineas Nield, James Harris, James S. Thorp, John Gould, Ezra Barbour, Horace McCarthy, Fones Bigelow, Erastus B. Bigelow, Erastus B. Townsend, Edward S. Bigelow, Erastus B. Nield, James Nield, James

Loudon,John Cornelius, John Baxter, WiUiam Tatham, John Anderson, Alexander Essex, Jeremiah Palmer, Arnold Holbrook, Benjamin A. Peters, Jacob McMuUen, John Sherwood, WUliam Garsed, Richard Levan, George Walcott, Alexander S. Bigelow, Erastus B. Moulton, Peter NewaU, Robert S. Vogal, Kasimer Wheeler, Hiram F. Woodman, Elbridge G. Livingston, Robert M.

1842 1842 1842 1842 1842 1842 1842 1842 1842 1842 1843

1843 1843 1843 1843 1843 1843 1843 1843 1843 1844 1844 1844 1844 1844 1844 1844 1844 1844 1844 1844 1845 1845 1845 1845 1845 1845 1845

1845 1845 1845 1845 1845 1846 1846 1846 1846 1846 1846 1846 1846 1846 1846 1846 1846 1846 1846 1847 1847

NUMBER 49 103


5008 5018 5020 5023 5085 5280 5318 5337 5346 5378 5379 5450 5484 5628 5754 5797 5851 5891

6008 6014 6082 6084 6143 6144 6153 6157 6159 6170 6176 6186 6229 6316 6344 6388 6412 6435 6441 6487 6539 6570 6572 6691 6785 6797 6813 6823 6832 6845 6911 6928 6938 6939 6942 6986

7028 7058 7072 7112 7130 7137 7165 7168

Cotton Qeaning Machine Canbing Machine, Wool Loom, Carpet Knitting Machine Spinning Machine Drawing Attachment Spinning Machine Loom Roving, Laying In Cans Rope Making Machine, Wire Spinning Machine Locm Shuttle Box Motion, Power Loom Picker, Wool Loom Shuttle Cloth Stretching & Drying Apparatus Loom Temple Doubling & Twisting Machine, Yam Loom Treadle Hamess Motion

Shears, TaUor Drawing Frame Stop MoticMi R ( ^ Making Machine, Wire Spinning Machine, Hemp Loom Temple Loom, Bmssels Carpet Loom, Bmssels Carpet Loom Take Up Loom Let Off, Positive Loom Shuttle Motion Rap& Making Machine Loom, Brussels Carpet Warping Guide Loom, PUe Fabric, Narrow Spinning Machine Spindle Spinning Machine, Hemp Rug Making Machine Spooling Machine, Yam Rope Laying Machine Loom, Power Carding Machine Spinning Mule, Self Acting Regulator Spindle & Flyer Lo<Mn Hamess Weaving Machine Lapping Machine Loom, Figured Fabric Loom Loom Loom, Bat Wing Pick Loom, Figured Fabric Fringe Twisting Machine, Shawl Spinning Machine, Hemp Spinning Head Loom, Figured Fabric Cord Making Machine Loom Shuttle Box, Power

Spinning Machine Spindle & Bobbin Spinning Machine Bobbin Driver Carding Machine, Wool Loom Cloth Measuring Attachment Rope Making Machine Loom, Figured Fabric Spinning Machine Drawing Regulator Loom, PUe Fabric

Needham, RozeU Sargent, Charles G. Bigelow, Erastus B. Vickerstaff, Joseph Evans, John Obendiam, Matthew W. CoUins, Richard Strange, Joseph W Townsend, Edward S. Dodge, George H. Nield, James Norfolk, Edward KeUogg, George C. Law son, Peter Bigelow, Erastus B. Peck, Benjamin Lyle, Thomas Haworth, James

Warner, Benjamin J. Danforth, Charles Roebling, John A. Pedrick, WUliam Day, Lewis Draper, George Bigelow, Erastus B. Boyd, Amos H. Meyers, Jeremiah Goodyear, Robert B. Morrison, Benjamin Bigelow, Erastus B. Hayden, Whiting Faulkner, Augustus Eastman, Arthur M. Hibbard. WUliam G. Hodgman, Daniel Dodge, George H. GuUd, Martin WUson, John McCarty, John Sanger, Ebenezer C. MacLardy, William Holton, Jr., Simeon Campbell, Samuel Reynolds, Joseph Faulkner, Augustus Bachofner Henry Lightbrown, Roger Garsed, Richard Whipple, Milton D. Van Riper, Garret Jenks, Alfred MarshaU, Moses Nichols, WUliam E. Goodyear, Robert

Reed, Josiah G. Pearl, Oliver Jackson, Charles Webster, John G. Whipple, CuUen Eccles, Samuel Hayden, Whiting Johnson, John

1847 1847 1847 1847 1847 1847 1847 1847 1847 1847 1847 1848 1848 1848 1848 1848 1848 1848

1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1849 1850

1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850


Patent t

7180 7228 7314 7370 7387 7417 7452 7502 7509 7614 7664 7687 7714 7717 7759 7803 7876 7884 7898 7925 7939 7982 7983 7988

8172 8240 8368 8371 8390 8424 8506 8539 8553 8563 8586 8649 8656 8778 8798 8807 8810 8825 8874 8875 8902 8997

9040 9101 9162 9168 9188 9257 9263 9377 9387 9388 9401 9414 9417 9496 9507 9545

Invention

Loom, PUe Fabric Printing, Floor OU Cloth Cloth Measuring Instrument Buckle, Suspender Loom, Power Loom Shuttle Motion Loom, PUe Fabric Cloth Folding Machine Knitting Machine Spinning Machine, Hand Rope Making Machine Loom Shuttle Loom, Figured Fabric Loom Let Off & Take Up Spinning, Bobbin & Cop BuUder Loom Shuttle Motion Loom, Seamless Bag Loom, Tapestry Carpet Loom, PUe Carpet Loom Shuttle Box, Revolving Loom Heddle Loom, Carpet Loom, Jacquard, PUe Fabric Loom Cylinder For Figuring

Knitting Machine Cloth Folding Machine LoCTn Temple, Self Acting Picker, Waste Loom Shuttle Fringe Machine Loom Shuttle Motion Loom, PUe Carpet Loom, Bag Cloth Stretching & Drying Apparatus Loom Temple Cloth Cutting Apparatus, PUe Loom, PUe Fabric Printing Machine, Hoor Qoth Carpet Spinning Machine Spindle Washer Loom Pattem Card, Jacquard Cordage Machine Loom, Fancy Reeling Machine Loom Shuttle, Hair Qoth Spinning Frame, Cop

Cordage Machine Cordage Machine Loom Hamess Motion Loom, Figured Fabric Loom, PUe Fabric Clothes Pin Loom Shuttle Guide Loom Hamess, Counterbalancing Loom, Seamless Bag Loom, Hand Loom, Carpet Cordage Machine Loom Pincer, PUe Fabric Cloth Measure Loom Shuttle Loom, Jacquard

Inventor Year

Bryant, Mertoun C. Powers, Nathaniel B. Whitin, E.F. Scarlett, WUliam Shuttleworth,John KeUy, OUver A. Bryant, Mertoun C. Allen, Zachariah HoUen, Joseph Current, David Evans, Henry Murkland, WUliam Babbett, Avery Boyd, Amos H. Rouse, Wanton WUcox, Thomas T Northrop, Sheldon Bigelow, Erastus B. Bigelow, Erastus B. Burt, Enoch Judkins, Charles T. Bigelow, Erastus B. Bigelow, Erastus B. Hastings, Eliakim M.

Pepper, John Ambrose, D. R. JiUson, Arnold Sargent, Charles G. Litchfield, Laroy Nesmith, John Perry, George W. Bigelow, Erastus B. Baldwin, Cyms Barrows, Thomas Dutcher, Elihu Johnson, John MaxweU, Charles A. Savage, Simeon Crossley, Thomas Robbins, Horace T Thomas, Samuel Joslin, William Jenks, Barton Macy, Ehas Dewey, Daniel S. Dodge, George H.

Perry, David Peer, John W. Blanchard, Charles W. Eccles, Samuel Richardson, Samuel Aldrich, Samuel Robbins, Horace T. Greenhalgh, James MendenhaU, Stephen C. MendenhaU, Stephen C. Van Riper, John A. Jennings, Hezekiah T. Faulkner, Augustus Woodworth, WUliam H. Tbcker, WiUiam Everett, Edward

1850

1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1850 1851 1851 1851 1851 1851 1851 1851 1851

1851 1851 1851 1851 1851 1851 1851 1851 1851 1851 1851 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852

1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1852 1853

NUMBER 49 105


9603 %26 9670 9718 9795 9814

10096 10135 10173 10205 10206 10222 10241 10252 10290 10298 10311 10335 10382 10453 10484 10545 10578 10599 10866 10876 10910 10913 10980 10986

11038 11070 11106 11118 11120 11145 11199 11202 11279 11342 11434 11436 11448 11475 11512 11534 11554 11564 11643 11719 11720 11775 11790 11833 11834 11865 11919 11995

12012 12016 12040

LcKxn Knitting Machine, Straight Picker & WLUower Feed Motion Knitting Machine Loom, Jacquard Bobbin

Loom, Coach Lace Loom, Power Loom Hamess Loom Hamess Motion Loom Temple Loam, PUe Fabric, Wire Shifting Loom Loom Shuttle Box Mechanism Loom, Power Carding Machine, Qeaning Cards Clothes Pin Locan Shuttle Loom, Power Cloth FuUing Machine Carpet Bag Cloth Stretching & Drying Apparatus Cotton Picker Cylinder Reeling Machine Rope Making Machine Flax Dressing Machine Knitting Machine Combing Machine, Wool Knitting Machine Cloth Cutting Machine

Carpet, Cut PUe Carding Machine Teeth Spinning Machine Printing, Woolen & Other Goods Cloth, Double Cloth Folding & Measuring Machine Cotton Combing Machine Cordage Machine Spinning Mule, Self Acting Winding Machine, Rope or Yam Card Teeth Sticking Machine Warping & Dressing Yam Carding Machine, Qeaning Cards Speeder Stop Motion Braiding Machine Combing Machine, Wool Knitting Machine Carpet, Two Ply Ribbon, Velvet Loom Hamess Qasp Knitting Machine Spinning Machine, Rope&Cordage Loom Loom Carpet Manufacture, ChenUle Cotton Picker Loom Beam Knitting Machine

Washing Machine Rope & Cordage Making Machine Yam Making Machine

Townshend, WUliam Mansfield, WiUiam Calvert, Francis A. Mee, John Elder, John A. Clark, Horatio

MurrUl, James H. Mascm, WUliam Vogal, Kasimer Greenhalgh, Jr., James Greene, Jerome B. Bigelow, Erastus B. Townshend, William KeUy, Oliver A. Baird, WUliam Wellman, George Hotchkiss, F.S. CarroU, David Shuttleworth, John Jermings, James Thring, Frederick J. Steams, Daniel Pitts, James Levan, George Robinson, Jr., WUliam Norfolk, E.L. Hopkins, Israel M. Sargent, Charles G. Barsantee, John H. Harraday, John

Crossley, Thomas Montgomery, WiUiam Viaory, Edmund Crossley, Thomas Fay, Samuel Wright, WUliam C. Noble, James Tyler, PhUos B. Wright, George Tyler, PhUos B. Coau, G. W. Thomas, Samuel Woodman, Horace Cutting, Lewis Bazin, James A. Sargent, Charles G. Jackson, George Crossley, Thomas Eastman, Augustus M. Copeland, George Corwin, Joseph A. Carpenter, Jesse MendenhaU, Stephen C. Jenks, Barton H. McNair, John G. Kitson, Richard Thomas, Samuel T. HoUen, Joseph

Wheeler, WUliam Woodworth II, Arad Taylor, James

1853 1853 1853 1853 1853 1853

1853 1853 1853 1853 1853 1853 1853 1853 1853 1853 1853 1853 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854

1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854 1854

1854 1854 1854


Patent It

12050 12055 12120 12138 12236 12457 12532 12565 12581 12582 12596 12635 12668 12780 12781 12879 12889 12896

13022 13152 13165 13267 13284 13289 13290 13309 13391 13413 13462 13543 13564 13571 13578 13621 13693 13724 13726 13752 13795 13818 13862 13898 13936 13954 13970

14000 14222 14262 14285 14292 14401 14463 14481 14590 14725 14815 14938

15008 15016 15186

Invention

Loom Spinning Machine, Throstle, Cotton Loom Roving Size Regulator LoOTn Temple Loom, Buttonhole Spinning Machine, Wool Loom, Gauze Spinning Machine, Wool Roving Frame Throstle & Cap Loom Shedding Motion Cotton Gin Cord Winding Machine Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Loom Temple Rope Making Machine Knitting Machine Stop Motion

Loom Loom Hamess Making Machine Knitting Machine Thread Twisting Machine, Sewing Loom Picker Stick Check Knitting Machine Wool Preparation for Qeaning Rope Making Machine Braiding Machine Loom Temple Engraving Machine, Calico RoUer Cloth Machine, Fold & Measure Cotton Qeaning Machine Loom, Suspender Webbing Picking & Combing Machine Knitting Machine Knitting Machine Loom Spinning Frame, Ring & Traveler Spinning Mule, Self Acting Spinning Frame, Throstle Yam Dyeing & Qoth Printing Machine Loom Attachment, PUe Fabric Cotton Gin Opener Sc Feeder Loom, PUe Fabric Spindle Step, MiU Fabric, Woven

Loan, Wire Loom Let Off, Power Clothes Pin Loom, PUe Fabric Loom Temple Hat Pressing Machine Winding Frame Cone Tubes Carding Machine Loom Cotton Gin Felted Yams Manufacture Rope & Cordage Making Machine

Hat Felting Machine Carding Machine, Wool Loom

Inventor

BoneUi, Gaetan Danforth, Charles Brigham, Abram Pears(Mi, Jr., Samuel Allen, John H. Gee, WUliam V. Stoddard, F.S. Van Riper, Lewis Bigelow, Augustus E. Bigelow, Augustus E. Irish, WiUiam S. MeU, J.B. Boardman. Byron Litchfield, Laroy Marble, Ezra P. TUton, Jeremiah C. Woodworth III, Arad Cushman, Robert

Whiteside, WiUiam Senneff, Jacob Fowler, Thomas Kelsea, Harold Wood, Edward Pepper, John Reinhardt, Albert Harris, John HuU, Liveras Smith, James Hope, John EUiot, Joseph D. Brown, Samuel W. Gee, WUliam V. Kitson, Richard PoweU, Joseph Doolitde, John H. Leach, James O. Luther, Henry Harris, John Morse, Joseph Henderson, Thomas Bigelow, Erastus B. Clarke, Major V. Bigelow, Erastus B. Parker, Isaac N. Healey, John

Smith, George W. Bigelow, Erastus B. Towers, WiUiam H. Johnson,John Reynolds, Rensselaer Kinsman, Samuel A. McCrone, John Wellman, George Bigelow, Erastus B. Kinyon, James H. Johnson, Moses A. Dutcher, WUliam R.

Gray, Sylvester H. NoweU, Foster Knowles, Lucius J.

Year

1854 1854 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855

1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855 1855

1855 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856

1856 1856 1856

NUMBER 49 107


15291 15295 15313 15484 15492 15717 15767 15781 15929

16028 16037 16196 16248 16370 16405 16437 16463 16657 16685 16734 16744 16824 16842 16858 16864 16865 16867 16934 16970 16977

17094 17115 17120 17189 17244 17267 17323 17353 17375 17379 17404 17420 17468 17496 17559 17787 17929

18190 18208 18313 18320 18454 18529 18564 18620 18725 18888

19073 19394

Loom, Jacquard Loom Carding Machine Top Flats Knitting Machbe Knitting Machine Loom, Jacquard Carpet, Ingrain Carding Machine Hat Sizing

Spinning Machine, Throstle Loom, Carpet Carding Machine Top Flats Loom, Shade Cord Loom, PUe Fabric Loan Let Off Carpet, Double PUe Speeder Spinning Machine Flyer Gig MiU, Napping Qoth Loom Shuttle Card Cylinder, Machine Grinding Loom Picker Motion, Power Rope Manufacture Rope Unmaking Machine Combing Machine, Wool Combing Machine Cordage Machine Yam Dyeing & Scouring Preparing Basket, Grain Fringe Cutting Machine

Carding Machine Hat Felting Machine Bobbin Winding Machine Loom, PUe Fabric Combing Machine, Wool Loom Temple Loan Shuttle Motion Loom Loom Temple Reel, Yam or Thread Loom, Narrow Ware Fiber Preparing Machine Loom Picker Rope Making Machine Loom Temple, RoUer Rope Making Machine Bobbin, Roving

Paper Pulp Making from Ivory Loom Hamess Cloth Measuring Machine Loom, Wire Cloth Cotton Qeaning Machine Spinning Machine, Flax & Hemp Burring Machine, Wool Pelt Warp Dressing Machine Knitting Machine, Straight Spinning, Preparing Slivers for

Loon Let Off, Power Drawing Cotton

Goulding, John Horstmann, WiUiam J. Woodman, Horace Goffe, Augustus J. Park, Sidney Cook, James C. Kerr, David B. Shattuck, A.D. McCracken, Joseph

Smith, Joel Smith, Alexander Walton, WUUam H. Nelson, Thomas Bigelow, Erastus B. Bartlett, Stephen Goulding, John Brown, James S. SawteU, John N. Gesner, Ernest Knowles, Lucius J. Parker, Jonathan Cheney, John L Johnson, Michael H. Wood, Joseph Simpson, Michael H. Whipple, MUton D. Arnold, James P. Pratt, Lucien E. EUis, Joel A.H. Horstmann, WLUiam J.

Houghton, H. Randall, Henry L. Tompkins, C. Bigelow, Erastus B. Whipple, CuUen Dutcher, Warren W Ferguson, Levi Carney, Nathaniel B. Howard, WiUiam H. Knauer, Christian Painter, FrankUn Burke, Francis MayaU, Thomas J. Dutcher, WiUiam R. Dutcher, Warren W. GuUe, Ezekiel Hayden, Isaac

Clark, WUliam N. Matoon, George Wythes, Wdham W Bigelow, Erastus B. Johnson, Jesse Whipple, Milton D. Waterhouse, John Campbell, Samuel Aiken, Walter Apperly, James

Colvin, Stephen O. Whipple, CuUen

1856 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856 1856

1856 1856 1856 1856 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857

1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857

1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857 1857

1858 1858


Patent

19531 19623 19647 19657 19698 19719 19740

20044 20263 20267 20364 20690 20766 20827 20854 20920 21068 21164 21238 21312 21333 21448 21488 21515 21538 21556 21568 21716 21932 21988 22042 22100 22135 22262 22594 22769 23446 23486 23539 23732 23934 24270 24272 24280 24306 24378 24615 24723 24782 24916

25067 25450 25796 25827 26031 26075 26231 26320 26636 26887

Invention

Spinning Machine Roving Regulator Calender RoUs Spinning Bobbin Felting, SUk Preparing Loom, Ribbon Loon Stop Motioi, Hair Cloth Knitting Machine

Loom Fabric, Tucked Fabric, Woven Clothes Pin Cordage Machine Drawing RoUer Fiber Treatment, Tampico Hemp Knitting Machine Stop Motion Spinning Frame Loom Shuttle Cop Tube Felting Machinery, Forming Bats Rope Making Machine Loom, Fringe Spinning Machine Top Roller Loom Warp Dressing Guide Loom Temple Drawing & Twisting Machine, Wool Silk Thread Sorting Machine Cotton Gin Bmsh Cylinder Trademark Stamping Machine Combing Machine, Cotton Drawing & Evening Wool Loom, Fringe Braiding Machine Knitting Machine Spindle, ThrosUe Spinning Loom Temple Knitting Machine Stop Motion Loom, Power Rope Making Machine Thread Gauge Combing Fibrous Materials Hat Feld Manufacture Printing, OU Qoth Washing Machine Burring, Wool, & Ginning, Cotton, Machine Loom Temple Loom, PUe Fabric Thread Trebling Machine Basket, Fruit Thread Winding Machine, Skeins Knitting Machine

Knitting Machine Thimble Loom, Jacquard Knitting Machine Drawing & Evening Machine Printing, Hoor Cloth Knitting Machine, Circular Roving Can Bottom Spindle & Flyer Cotton Qeaner, Wire Screen

Inventor

Winslow, John B. Clark, Gardner G. Nichols, Alfred E. Taylor, Anson Horstmann, WiUiam J. Stafford, R.J. Vickerstaff, J.

Crompton, George France, Thomas Gujer, John Pierce, Dexter Bazin, James A. Spencer, Seth P. Staufen, Werner Aiken, N.P Houghton, A. Eaton, James Butler, Thomas B. Adams, Newton Beck, James Green, Charles Scott, E.M. Corey, Alfred B. PUson, Robert Kennedy,John Dimock, Ira Lanpher, A.M. Wright, Algernon S. Whipple, MUton D. Smith, Waterman Walker, Samuel demons, Andrew B. Schott, Frederick Brown, Cyriel E. TUton, Jeremiah C. HiUer, Jonathan Cheetham, Jr., WiUiam H. Peer, John W Atwood, J.E. Whipple, CuUen Monach, James Albro, James Ayers, Daniel S. Sargent, Charles G. Howard, WiUiam H. Crossley, Charles Celerier, Michel Cook, David Ring, Asa T. Aiken, Jonas B.

Waterhouse, James F. Steirly, James CR. Babbitt, Avery HoUen, Joseph Hale, Noah E. Albro, James Goffe, Augustus Bradley, George Brown, Cyriel E. Crane, John E.

Year

1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858

1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1858 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859

1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1859 1860

NUMBER 49 109


26895 26955 27889 28043 28133 28161 28185 28220 28256 28270 28290 28297 28332 28453 28484 29174 29283 29450 29527 29690 29873

30543 30642 30652 30824 30867 30891 30896 31042 31176 31324 31398 31425 31617 31776 31948 31953 31972 31974 31992 32059 32068 32236 32245 32393 32611 32756 32770 32784 33000 33037 33106 33141 33222 33333 33356 33374 33510 33569 33707 33866 33948

Cloth Finishing Machine, Cotton Shears Loom Loom Temple Knitting Machine Spinning Machine Hat Felting Machine Spinning Machine Lap Winding Machine Loom Hamess & Heddle Knitting Machine Reel, SUk Engraving Machine RoUer Loom Fabric, PUe Manufacture Thread PoUshing Machine Loom Pattem Chain Knitting Machine Spindle Driving Mechanism Thread Dressing St. Finishing Loon, Power

Warp Dressing Machine Swift Loom, Hair Qoth Thread Dressing Machine Swift Shirring Machine Loan Temple Knitting Machine Locan Hamess Motion Loom Shuttle Box Motion Drawing Head Stop Motion Carding Machine Loan Loon Picker Loom Picker Reel Spinning Machine Lubricator Loon Temple Loom, Hair Qoth Spinning Machine Loom, Power Loom Loom Drawing Frame Stop Motion Felting Machine Silk Twisting Machine Loom Picker Combing Machine, Wool Locan Temple Spinning Machine Stop Motion Basket, Splint Thread Dressing, Sewing Yam Dressing Machine Vegetable Fiber Cleaning Machine Spinning Machine Flyer Spinning Machine, Wool Belting, Endless Woven Braiding Machine Needle Making Machine Flyer Loom Heddle Varnishing Apparatus

Davis, Caleb S. Smith, Joseph Conant, Hezekiah Woodward, J.H. Tiffany, EU CroweU, J.E. Lemmann, Martin R. Victory, Edmund Cheney, John L. Greenhalgh, Sr., James NcNary, WUUam H. Palmer, Sidney W. Shields, WiUiam Clifton, Joseph H. HUl, Noble Ives, Lawsoi C. Jenks, Barton H. Aiken, Walter Slade, Norman HaU, Origin Furbush, MerriU

PUson, Robem Pearson, Charles W. AngeU, Isaac Ives, Law son Benedict, Newton SoUs, Richard TUton, Jeremiah C. TerreU, John Knowles, Benjamin F. Muikland, WUliam Paige, Benjamin O. Davis, Joseph Peabody, Francis Boom, Samuel Boom, Samuel Games, CaroUne H. Hardy, Charles Hoffman, Charles NobUt, John Goulding, George King, Thomas Shinn, John Frey, Alexander WUliams, Harrison G. Bishop, G.G. DeManiquet, J.A. Holbrook, Albert Rawson, Henry LevaUy, Benjamin HiUard, James P. Sherman, S.M. HaU, Gardner, Jr. WhitehiU, Hugh Brody, Charles Maynard, J.F. Bloodgood, J.H. Baker, S.W. Cady, Henry Kaiser, Charles Clark. LB. Lairdieson, J.L.

1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 I860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860

1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1860 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861


Patent It

33972 34088 34141 34221 34271 34451 34494 34619 34753 34792

35084 35145 35229 35602 35708 35969 36166 36177 36199 36377 36394 36499 36550 36697 36727 36782 36986 37138 37385 37541 37577 37702 37759 37954 37993 38265 38358 38363 39187 39190 39197 39469 39557 39681 39714 39723 39742 39759 39868

40049 40109 40169 40685 40698 41218 41227 41268 41297 41333 41731 42048

hivention

Carding Machine Basket, Splint, Grain Loom, Power Spindle Bolster Loom Shuttle Loom Let Off, Positive Yam, Action Of Liquids Flax & Hemp Treatment Roving Frame Throstle Basket, Emit

Thread Dressing Machine, Sewing Spindle Loom Loom Shuttle Hackling Machine ChenUle Making Machine Loom Hamess Spinning Machine Bobbin Throstle Knitting Machine Loom, Wire Cloth Clothes Pin Net Making Machine, Seine GigMUl Loom Hamess Motion, Power Wool Qeaning Machine Bobbin Spinning Frame Bolster Fabric Manufacture, Palm Leaf CheniUe Making Machine Braid Manufacture Loom Skipper Lever Spinning Machine Flyer Hat Adapter, Head Sizer Loan Temple, RoUer Hat Forming Die Loom Embroidering Machine Mark Holder for Bales & Etc. Carding Machine Bolster, Self Lubricating Loom, Circular Loom Let Off Spinning Machine Spindle Bobbin Loom Picker Loan Stop Motion Picking & Burring Machine Loom, PUe Fabric Netting Stretching & Folding

Cotton Picker Labeling Bales Spinning Machine Flyer Loom Loom, Jacquard Fabric, Knitted Cloth Napping Machine Spinning Machine Flyer Flyer Guide, Manufacturing Machine Spinning Machine RoUer Colton Treating Machine Spinning Mule, SeU Acting

Inventor

Davis, Joseph Marble, Lansing Graichen, WiUiam Steere, E.N. Schoefield, John F. StockweU, Albert Hielmann, Paul Comly, John ?. Higgins, James Stray, M.L.

Daniels. Horace Eaton. James Garretson. J.C. Frink, CL. Sanford, Gelston Canter, WiUiam Parsons, Henry StaiUey, James C WUson, Joseph G. Waters, Charles H. Cone, E.A. Arnold, Benjamin MUlar. John C Ayer. D.M. Piatt. John Hussey, Daniel Bartlett, Stephen S. Perrin, Franklin Comings, George Boyd, Amos H. Hathway, G.W. Pearl, Oliver Klein, John F. Dutcher, Warren W. WUde, Robert Smith, O.C Heaven, Alfred Fitch, Porter Whitin, John C WUmarth, Moses P. Darker, Jr., WiUiam Draper, George Eaton, James Saunders, Benjamin Cady,John Draper, George Nesmith, R.D. Skinner, Halcyon Van Riper, Jacob A.

Kitson, Richard Locke, Edward A. Hussey, Daniel Drammond, John W Mann, Bela A. Harwood, George S. Marble, Edwin T. Aldrich, John H. HiU. David L. WeUd, WUUam Wanklyn, WiUiam Lakin, Robert

Year

1861 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862

1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1862 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863

1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864

NUMBER 49 111

Patent Inventioi Inventor Year

42326 Vegetable Fur Manufacture 42335 Loom, Trimming 42661 Spinning Wheel Head 42663 Braiding Machine Thread 42812 Loom 42860 Cotton Bale Tag 42982 Loon, Hair Qoth 43182 Loom Shuttle 43252 Loom Heddle Knitting Shuttle 43287 Wash BoUer Bottom 43467 Spinning & Reeling Machine 43474 Spool FUUng Machine 43556 Loom Shuttle FUler 43583 Loom Hamess Motion 43777 Loom Hamess Dressing Machine 43846 Spinning Machine, Throstle 43868 Loom Take Up Motion 43877 Loom ShutUe 43888 Loom, Fish Net 43940 Loom Shuttle 44004 SUk Stretching Sc Glossing Machine 44016 Bobbin 44052 Cotton Spooling Machine 44186 Loom Hamess Weaving Machine 44271 Loom, Jacquard 44280 Basket, Frait 44283 Spinning Machine 44604 Loom Shuttle 44791 Card, Hand 44808 Loom, Hair Qoth

45047 Burring Machine. Wool 45107 Loan. Hair Qoth 45108 Spindle. Lubricating 45119 Clothes Pin 45300 Spinning Machine Flyer Bearing 45629 Loom, Circular, Cord Covering 45682 Loom Shuttle 45718 Spinning Machine Thread Guide 45953 Thread Winding Apparatus 45969 Loom Shuttle Motion 46040 Loom Shuttle 46057 Cord Making Machine 46381 Waip Dressing Reed 46397 Combs For Wool, Rax, Cotton & Etc. 46433 Loom, PUe Fabric 46552 Hat Napping & Pouncing Machine 46588 Spinning Machine 46754 Loom, PUe Fabric 46921 Roving Frame Flyer 47151 Loom, Buttonhole 47195 Spinning Frame Spindle Bearing 47223 Clothes Pin 47271 Spindle Bolster, Self Lubricating 47278 Spindle Bearing. SeU Lubricating 47301 Vegetable Fiber, Separating 47547 Spinning Mule & Jack 47658 Spinning Bobbin 47687 Loom 47852 Knitting Machine Needle 48057 Loom Heddle Frame 48154 Loom Shuttle 48662 Seam Ripper

Baumgras, Peter Valetton, Louis D. Hotchkiss, TD. HuU, Livems Wright, Edward Locke, Edward A. Winsor, Joseph S. Clark, Augustus D. Brown, Darius Bumham, Charles Albright, George Breitenstein, WUliam Ingraham, Thomas Holcroft, Heruy Kendrick,John Oilman, Albert Shaw, L.L. WUder, Warren Jouannin, Jean WUder, Warren Leigh, Lewis Reynolds, Charles H. Ermen, Godfrey Harris, WiUiam WoU, Frederick M. Carpenter. Henry Cleveland, E.C Clark, Thomas EUs, Edgar Lindsley, Isaac

Jones, Daniel Lindsley, Isaac Marshall, James Greenwood, Jeremiah Sampson, Blaney E. Palmer, Isaac E. TunstiU, WiUiam Hurst, E.D. Cmtchett, James Breitenstein. WiUiam WUder, Warren Mathien, Jules O. Nichols, Ambrose J. Siccardi, John Joyot, Jr., Pierre Eickemeyer, RudoU

Rich, John Holt, Samuel Mayor, Thomas Connor, John Drake, Mexworth D.

Sargeant, Jr., Henry W. Bartlett, Stephen S. Briggs, George W.

Heaton, Charles Goulding, John Parks, Levi N. TunstUl, WUliam Otis, John Finkle, MUton Cobum, John H. Converse, F.B.

1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864

1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865


Patent nt

48878 48917 49131 49178 49280 49582 49643 49679 49774 49825 49860 49861 49865 49950

50024 50041 50116 50156 50204 50211 50240 50241 50311 50369 50392 50575 50764 51038 51047 51082 51095 51333 51340 51436 51577 51618 51668 51794 51887 51891 51900 51907 51915 51930 51977 52192 52306 52378 52382 52506 52718 52780 52825 52914 53350 53398 53423 53449 53530 53665 53746 53892

Invention

Knitting Machine, Shoe Lace Spinning Machine ThrosUe & Cap Fabric, Felt Shears, Rower Silk Qeaning Sc Finishing Machine Bobbin Winding Machine Bobbin Shutde Carding Cylinder Qeaning Machine Basket, Grain Cord Covering Machine Spinning Mule, Self Acting Spinning Mule, Self Acting Cotton Combing Machine Loom Let Off

Spinning Jack Loom, Hand Spiiuiing Bobbin Loom Let Off Paper Tube Making Machine, Spinning Carding Machine Spinning Bobbin Holder Spinning Bobbin Holder Spinning Bobbin Holder Knitting Machine Spool, Yam Winding & Beaming Thread Spooling Machine Loom, Lappet Spooling Machine, Tape Loom Darning Last Warp Dressing Machine Loom, Embroidered Fabric Carding Machine Spinning Bobbin Cloth, Weft of Hair, Grass, Etc. Knitting Machine Needle Knitting Machine Embroidery, Imitation Loom Hamess Spinning Bobbin Wool OUing Machine Washing Machine, Wool Thread Winding Machine Rope Making Machine Spinning Mule. SeU Acting Washing Machine Loom. Narrow Ware Loom, Hand Cloth Measuring Machine Cord Winding Machine Spinning Machine, Flax Weaving Whip Handle Coverings Loom Let Off Carpet Basket, Grain Loom Shuttle Motion Loom, Hand Loan Temple, RoUer Spinning Machine Flyer Knitting Machine Bobbin. Weft Winding Machine, Yam Loom Picker Staff Motion

Inventor

Westcott, Nataniel Eberhard, WiUiam McCracken, Edwin D. Valentine, Samuel W. Kohn, Tobias Bradford, George S. MendenhaU, Stephen C Hawley, A.A. Lyman, E.B. Buser, John Cuirmock, Alexander G. Cumnock, Alexander G. Dimock, Ira Estes, Samuel

Moulton. H.J. Seaman, John Goulding, John PhUUps, Job Irmis, WUUam J. Leigh, Evan Goulding, John Goulding, John Wright, Edward Lamb, Issac W. Saunders, Benjamin Glover, A.B. AspinaU, WiUiam Gibbs, J. Holden, Delia E. Potter, WUUam Spitzli, J.G. Marsden, Harry Murdock, WiUiam Downie, James Fifield, Levi W. Pepper, John MuUer, Bernhard Brown. D.C. WUbur. Benjamin Campbell, Thomas A. Murkland, WUliam WeUd, WUliam Blackie, John Dam, Lorenzo Stafford, A.J. Oldfield. Benjamin McDoweU. CL. Benham, James I. Brown, Edward Skeels, Levi HuU, Liveras Wright, Edward Crossley. Thomas Van Rider, G.Z. Schottenfels, Julius Branson, James L. Dutcher, Warren W. Hyde, Charles Goodman, Joseph Pearl, Oliver On-, Jr., WUUam Sherman, Peleg

Year

1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865

1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866

NUMBER 49 113

Patent Inventioi Inventor Year

54066 Loom Let Off 54067 Spinning Machine RoUer 54269 Loom Temple, RoUer 54271 Thread Preparation, Printing 54445 Loom Shuttle & Bobbin 54465 Spinning Bobbin 54493 Spinning Machine, Vertical Hand 54661 Loom Hamess Motion 54704 Spinning Machine 54742 Loom, Narrow Ware 54870 Fabric, PUe Process

55010 Loom Heddle 55103 Knitting Machine, Straight 55239 Braiding Yam DeUvery Apparatus 55308 Knitting Machine Stop Motion 55434 Knitting Machine 55580 Braiding Machine Carrier 55959 Loom Picker Motion 55968 Knitting Machine, Circular 56077 Loom Hamess Motion 56081 Bag. Woven 56220 Rqje Making Machine. Wire 56258 Twisting Sc Winding Machine 56372 Cordage Machine 56532 Spinning Jack 56612 Securing Buttons To Garments 56829 Spinning Mule, Self Acting 56913 Loom Picker 56922 Spinning Mule & Jack 56928 Scissors 57065 Spinning Flyer 57201 Braiding Machine 57226 Loom, Hand 57300 Loom Shuttle Binder 57330 Cop Winding Machine 57336 Spinning Machine, Domestic 57444 Loom Hamess Motion 57659 Fabric, Woven 57938 Roving Frame Flyer 58015 Spinning Machine, Hand 58024 Loom 58046 Spinning Frame Spindle 58391 Hat Making 58434 SUk Twisting & Stretching Machine 58464 Loom, Narrow Ware 58497 Floor Covering Manufacture 58611 Warp Dressing Frame 58865 Loon, Hand 59024 Loom Let Off 59040 Hook Pins, Wearing Apparel 59106 Spinning Direct From Carding 59120 Fishing Line Making Machine 59132 Loom Hamess Motion, Hand 59259 Cotton Preparing Machine 59613 Loom, Narrow Weave 59801 Reel 59959 Piano-Forte Cover, Ornamenting 59973 Spinning Machine 59987 Loon Shedding Motion

Estes, Samuel FuUer, Jim B. Dombim, J. Mathis Vigoreux, Stanislas Unverzagt, Clemens Ferguson, Levi Blayney, James Anderson, A.L. Eberhard, WiUiam Knowles, Lucius J. Crossley, James W.

Jenks, Barton Hinkley, Jonas Chambers, George I. Kay, Edward WUson, James G. Drown, Otis E. Paterson, George W. WUliams, H.L McGregor, W.W. Moore, Sr., Charles Hazzard, F. Parmelee, Homer Cobb, Charles Dawson, GUbreth Roberts, John W. Sutherland, James EUiott, Hosea Goulding, John Grier, W. W. BaUey, B.A. Sloan, Thomas J. Walker, W.B. Duckworth, Christopher Jenks, Barton H. KoeUer, H. Scofield, Levi Baker, Seth W Mayor, Thomas WUson, Dickson Kershaw, John B. Atwood, John E. Doubleday, WUUam E. Kohn, Tobias Oldfield, Benjamin Spencer, James H. Damon, Alexander M. MendenhaU, Daniel Hussey, Daniel Lindsay, Alexander Welham, Thomas Brooks, Peter MendenhaU, Stephen PUson, Robert Knowles, L.J. McLean, Daniel H. Burgess, J.F. Crowfoot, Joseph EUis, Henry A.

1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866

1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866



60103 Yam Drying Machine 60202 Spinning Machine, Hand 60305 Loom, Hand 60386 Carding Machine Oiling Apparatus 60407 Tatting Shuttle Winder 60627 Clothes Pin 60704 Spinning Machine Spindle & Bolster 60802 Spindle, Ring 61010 Spindle Bolster, Self Lubricating 61050 Loom Temple 61376 Cloth Napping Machine 61439 Loom Stop Motion 61518 Spinning Frame Spindle Bolster 61520 Cloth Finishing Process 61535 Loom Shuttle, Narrow Ware 61588 Coverlet 61630 Knitting Machine Needle 61665 SUk Thread Qeaning Apparatus 61754 Loom Picker Staff Mechanism 61767 Loom 61915 Spindle & Top RoUer OUer 62087 Loom Picker Cushion 62168 Loom Let Off 62239 Knitting Machine Take Up 62240 Clothes Pin 62370 Warp Dressing Machine 62398 Indicator, Rope & Qoth 62791 Loom 62917 Carding Machine Stop Motion 63143 Loom, Hand 63261 Hat Pouncing Machine 63353 Loom Picker Motion, ParaUel 63372 Loom Temple 63393 Clothes Pin 63408 Rope Making Machine 63561 Spindle, Self OUing 63622 Loom, Power 63631 Loan, PUe Fabric 63759 Clothes Pin 63813 Spinning Bobbin, MetaUic 63872 Loom Temple 64004 Card, Hand 64147 Loom Let Off 64241 Knitting Machine 64438 Spinning Machine, Hand 64466 Cloth Folding Machine 64525 Loan 64572 Knitting Machine, Rotary 64800 Spinning Machine Spindle 64900 Knitting Machine, Straight 64944 Loom Heddle. Wire

65530 Spinning Machine Lubricator 65576 Tatting Shutde Winder 66017 Spinning Machine Spindle 66091 Spinning Machine Spindle Bearing 66523 Clothes Pin 66574 Loom, Jacquard, Needle 66827 Loom Hamess Motion 66996 Loom Picker 67081 Spindle Step 67100 Clothes Pin 67263 Knitung Machine

WhitehUl, Hugh Leach, WUliam J. Whitehead, John Kirk, PC. Moore, James Goble, TL. Draper, George

Sterry, Francis A. Jenks, Barton H.

Chapman, Nathan ZschUle, Anton Loiseau, Alphonse J. CottreU, Jesse D.

Crossley, Thomas HamUton, John Y. Wettstein, Henry MUler, Job Jeannotat, Jules Mortimer, Samuel Schofield, James Barber, Samuel H. Thorn, WiUiam J. Walker, Richard Ward, Samuel Ward, W.G. Saunders, Benjamin Couse. Charles Weber. John R. Ainsworth, W.E. Deen, J.M. Lubiaux, John L. Zwicki, Caspar Dutcher, Warren W. Johnson, Charles C Maxson. Horace Rabbeth, F.J. Eamshaw, John Hartley, WUliam G. Smith, David M. Rice, WUUam B. Dutcher, Warren EUs, George F. Richardson, George McNary, WUUam H. MendenhaU, Nathan Wheeler, Jr., Walter Graham, John Roberts, Mark L. Catteau, Joseph M.R. Paget, Arthur Brown, Darius

Bancroft, Joseph B. Jones, H.P Gilman, Albert H. Jenks, Barton H. Seaver, Ebenezer Eamshaw, John Gebhart, John F. Smith, Owen B. Sterry, Francis A. Brinkerhoff, A.W. Carey, Augustus C

1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1866 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867

1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867

NUMBER 49 115


67559 67821 68185 68245 68425 68429 68438 68464 68831 68969 69002 69021 69047 69098 69101 69159 69167 69188 69205 69211 69277 69320 69398 69472 69515 69579 69673 69728 69990

70026 70171 70186 70253 70308 70402 70466 70622 70623 70685 70853 71001 71127 71299 71369 71371 71413 71541 71809 71852 71897 72005 72115 72296 72457 72531 72800 72967 72987 73044 73131 73160 73185

Fiber Qeaning & Bleaching Machine Spindle Lubricator Spinning, Ring Cloth Measuring Instrument Knitting Machine Needle Making Machine Swift Carding Machine Condenser RoU Reel Loom, Hand Spinning Machine Clothes Hook Loom, Hand Dyeing & Embossing Table Cover Winding & DeUvering, Yam Thread Finishing Machine Spinning Machine, Hand Spinning Mule, SeU Acting Carding Machbe Condenser Tube Spinnbg Machbe Hat Pouncbg Machbe Loom Clothes Pb Loon Picker Loom. Hand Reel Loom, Hand Spinnbg Machbe, Domestic Spinnbg Machbe, Hand

Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Loom, Hand Locan Tension Regulator Loom Picker Spinnbg Jack Rope Makbg Machbe Spinnbg Wheel Loom, Rotary Cam Rope Laybg And Twisting Machbe Reel And Swift Cardbg Machbe Feeder Spbdle Bolster Loom Rovbg Machbe Belt Shifter Bobbb Loom Shuttle Threadbg Mechanism Loom Temple Spbdle Bolster Loom, Palm Leaf Spinnbg Wheel Fabric, Woven Knittbg Machbe Take Up Knittbg Machbe, Circular Loom Shuttle Spbdle Step Swift Loom Hamess Loom Let Off, Automatic Hat Pouncbg Machbe Braiding Machbe, Whip Sluice Blanket Bobbb

Loiseau, A.J. Underwood, R.P. HaU, Henry G. Shinn, Thornton A. Essick, S.V. Fowler, Taddeus HaskeU, Almore Stafford, Edwb Balch, F.A. Dugdale, Thomas A. Lazier, John Putnam, SUas S. Thompsoi, T.G. Jack, Alexander

Kershaw, Robert Barbour, Samuel Blackwood, John Grossman, Horace Germab. WUliam

Hoover, George VaU, PW. CottreU, Jesse D. Britton, R.G. Nichols, Bradword W. Very, A.O. Palmer, Josiah Foreman Hunt, Henry VoegtU, Franz Hart. James M.

Sawyer. F.W CrandaU, George L. Firestone. G.W. Pabter. Frank Wright. Edward Briggs. H.B. Perkins, Howard Rowe, Jonas H. Sargent, Ransom Bazbe, Stephen Hutson, Ezra Harwood, George S. Brown, John E. Habsworth, WiUiam Edwards, James Fiske, Charles H. Ripley, Lewis Shaw, Edgar F. Sterry, Francis A. Chandler, George W MiUer, Henry Eamshaw, John Teachout. James HoUen. W.H.H. Crompton. George Noble, George H. Coffin, Eben M. Brown, Darius C Draper, George Richardson, John C Slayton, Phbeas L. Block, Abraham Holmes, A.P.

1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867

1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1867 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868


Patent nt

73266 I'iiei 73269 73353 73512 lyiii 73852 73955 73962 74013 74266 74402 74416 74585 74636 74644 74819 74832 74853 74874

75063 75122 75169 75259 75290 75305 75522 75545 75610 76036 76042 76043 76090 76109 76111 76299 76406 76476 76547 76604 76636 76783 76798 76854 76895 77030 77228 77424 77446 77498 77566 77619 77713 78013 78085 78229 78399 78411 78441 78453 78660 78779

Invention

Loom, Hand Rovbg Frame Thread PoUshbg Machbe Loom Let Off Carpet Manufacture Fabric, Felt Locan, Hand Loom Shuttle Loom Cloth Indicator Loom Shuttle Knittbg Machbe Spinnbg Bobbb Spinnbg Machbe. ThrosUe Spinnbg Mule Cloth Creasbg Frame SUk Qeaner Loom Hamess Motion Thread PoUshbg Machbe Card Settbg Machbe Cardbg Cylbder Stripper

Spinnbg Machbe. Hand FuUbg Machbe, Hat Bodies Cotton Lapper Brake Prbtbg Machbe, Yam Cardbg Machbe Rack Loom Pick, Overhead Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Bbder Spinnbg Machbe. Rbg & Traveler Loom Hamess Motion Yam Manufacture. Clouded Reel Loom Shuttle SUk Qeaning Knife Card, Hand Spinnbg Machbe Loom Sheddbg Motion Loom, Hair Qoth Clothes Pb Loom ShutUe Loom Let Off Fabric, Floor Mattbg Spinnbg Frame Knittbg Machbe Card Slrippbg Machbe Cam Butter Tub Chair Seat Tag Fastener Loom Hamess Loom, Garment Spbdle Locan, Needle Loom Heddle Makbg Machbe, Wire Spbdle Bearbg Spinnbg Frame Loom ShutUe Cloth Measure Braiding Machbe Carrier Loom Temple Warpbg Frame FuUbg MiU Loom, Jacquard

Inventor

Strong, OUver Thompson, WUUam H. Trapp, WUliam W Marden. Jeremiah A. Crossley, Thomas Johnson, Moses A. Unverzagt, Clemens Cross, E. FeUows, AUred Scofield, Levi Abel, WUliam H. Morse, Cyrus B. Pearl, Oliver Paley, John Todd, A.W. Watson, W.G. Greenhalgh, Sr., James Kerr, Peter RusseU, James Abbott, F.M.

SUvis, Anthony W. Gattaneo, Angelo Kitson, Richard Forrest, John Monroe, Lang Shaw, James Chase, Daniel G. Haskbs. Franklin WatUes, Joseph W. Bachelder. John BenUey, John W. Brad way, George Marble, Ezra P. Sbgleton, George Sprague, E.L. Burdge, J.E. Crompton, George Lbdsley, Isaac Taylor, A.L. Chase, SUas E. Hussey, Daniel Lbdsley. Isaac Morse, Cyras B. Ward, Benjamb Crockett, Seldon GUbert, D.A. Watkbs. G.A. Weeden. WUliam N. Brown, Darius C Leather, Samuel Atwood, Eugene Jackson, W.H. Brown, Darius

Richards, John Haythom, Frederick Pabe, Elias A. ShotweU, Caleb L. Avery, Dexter Dutcher, Warren W. Howard, C.H. Gessner, Ernst WoU, Moritz

Year

1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868

1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868

NUMBER 49 117


78968 79483 79490 79556 79557 79687 79908 79923

80099 80121 80134 80529 80586 80781 80783 80810 80863 80866 80876 80885 80949 80965 81201 81344 81347 81443 81464 81465 81577 81578 81702 81753 81826 81834 81845 81865 82090 82114 82335 82661 82684 83019 83179 83267 83270 83331 83354 83375 83395 83436 83559 83635 83723 83970 84261 84423 84424 84483 84506 84578 84599 84753

Drawmg & Twistmg Head Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Bobbb Loom Loom, Palm Leaf

Knittbg Machbe Knittbg Machbe ChenUle Makbg Machbe Loom Beam Cardbg Machbe Tooth Removal Tattbg Shuttle Fly Frame Flyer Loom Spinnbg Machbe Knittbg Machbe, Circular Loom Hamess Mechanism Loom Stop Moticai Spinnbg Machbe Knittbg Machbe Spbdle Step Loom Shuttle Loom Sheddbg Motion Loom, PUe Carpel Punch, Leather or Qoth Punch, Rotary Cord Covering Machbe Loom Shuttle Vegetable Fiber, Hair Substitute R < ^ Makbg Machbe Warp Dressbg Machbe Braid Cord Covering Machbe Loom Shuttle Box Motion Loom Shuttle Clothes Pb Pinkmg Tool Thread PoUshbg Loom Temple Cloth, Wire Card Clothbg Manufacture Loom FiUbg Fork Reel Locan Shuttle Spbdle Spinnbg Bobbb & Thread Holder Spinnbg Machbe Fabric Sbgebg Machbe Speeder Flyer Loom Shuttle Bobbb Burring Machbe, Wool Spinnbg Machbe, Hand Spinnbg Wheel Loom Reeling Machbe Cloth Nappbg Machbe Cord Covering Machbe Cloth Cutting, ParceUng Hat Feltbg Machbe Loom, Lappet

HoughtaUng, Ambrose L Laflb, Perley Metcalf, James A. Damon, Alexander H. Damon, Alexander H. RamsdeU, W.H. Humaston, John P. Smith, John C

Wade, Alfred J. Bickford, Dana Canter, WiUiam BaUey, Benjamb A. Baham, John A. Goodwb, Lizzie C Streeter, James S. Cronpton, George Hooper, James Larkb, Samuel Plummer, Osgood Switzer, John J. Harris, Charles J. Johnstone, George Pattee, Samuel L. Clark, Augustus D. Crompton, George WeUd, WUliam Bedford, Alma Bedford, Alma Bachelder, John Baggett, Edward Staufen, Wemer Clark, Charles Saunders, Benjamb SmiUi, J. Hunt Tumer, John Ashworth, John Clough, Nathan Haigney, John Mcintosh, John L. Trapp, WUliam W Briggs, Lucius Baggotth, Thomas Lawrence, Edwb S. Duce, WiUiam G. Fenner, John S. Smith, Charles E. Luders, Thomas L. Gouldbg, John McEwen, Peter Aldrich, John H. Smith, Charles E. Hubbard, Horace J. Nichols, John Johnson, James Cole, Charles L. Jenks, Barton H. Jenks, Barton H. Eamshaw, John Palmer, Jr., WUliam H. Raynard, Joseph H. Whipple, Milton D. Newton, Frederick W.

1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868

1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868 1868


Patent It

84764 84793

85427 85546 85765 85969 86078 86156 86211 86233 86445 86483 86642 86651 86719 86805 86806 86973 87005 87113 87138 87377 87616 87620 87763 87764 87877 88027 88322 88365 88390 88503 88556 88576 88742 88845 88897 88996 89011 89012 89017 89035 89290 89420 89548 89561 89807 89854 89984

90085 90133 90378 90633 91032 91050 91214 91229 91431 91498 91653 91729

Invention

Bobbb Winder, Revene Motion Warp Dressbg, Dresser Capper

Scissors Knittbg Machbe Knittbg Machbe Loom Shuttle Burrmg Machbe, Wool Spinnbg Machbe, SeU Actbg Cardbg Machbe Loom, Wire Cloth Carpet Rag Looper Loom Shuttle Braiding Machbe Loom, PUe Fabric Drawing Frame Regulator Loom, Power Loom, Ingrab Carpet Yam Guide and Qeaner Thread PoUshbg & Dressbg Reel And Swift Spinnbg Jack Spinnbg Machbe Loom Shuttle Mechanism Frbge Twistbg Machbe Feltbg Machbe Feltbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Knittbg Machbe Loom Stop Motion Loom Take Up Clothes Pb Loom Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Step Braiding Machbe Burring Cylinder Loom Picker Loom Shuttle Holder Spinnbg Rbg & Traveler Loan Loom Stop Mechanism Spinnbg Frame Copybg Press Twisting & Drawbg Heads Washing Machbe, Wool Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Step Loom Weft Stop Spinnbg Mule Yam DoubUng Stop Mechanism Spinnbg Machbe, Hand

Loom Hamess Motion, Fancy Loom Temple, Lubricatbg Rovbg Frame Feltbg Machbe Fly Frame Loom Stop Motion Knittbg Machbe, Straight Combbg Cotton Feedbg Device Loom Hamess Mechanism Cord Covering Machbe Twbe Makbg Machbe Feltbg Machbe

Inventor Year

Richardson, George Boyden, W.H.

BuU, James Tangeman, WUUam A. Reiff, Jacob D. Simpson, Augustus Jones. Daniel Holcroft, Henry Cleveland, Edwb C Kittbger, Levi Price, George L. WiUiams, Norman A. BuUer, James D. Davis, Ezekiel K. Whitton, Samuel J. Bigelow. Erastus B. Bigelow. Erastus B. Dakb, A.C. Semple, Jr., Samuel Ricker, Wentworth Brothers, OUver Speight, John Ashworth, John Barton, Edwb Eickemeyer, RudoU Eickemeyer, RudoU Sayles. Albert L. Franz, WiUiam MUroy, George E. Carstaedt, Hugo Johnson, Peter Oldfield, Benjamb Draper, George Mason, George Sargent, Charles G. CarroU, A.H. Parmenter. Charles H. Welham. Thomas Bigelow. Erastus B. Bigelow, Erastus B. Briggs. H. Beaumont Gage, George Chabot, Cyprien McNaught, John Blake, Ezekiel CottreU, Jesse D. StockweU, Albert Clark, Isaac W. Grant, BeUvUle A.

Duckworth, John C Stimpson, Edward S. Morgan, Eustis P. Brisco, Harvey Luscomb, Job G. Switzer, John J. Crane, Thomas Hadley, Charles F. Gebhart, John F. Tumer, John Mclntire, James Eickemeyer, RudoU

1868 1868

1868 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869

1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869

NUMBER 49 119


91730 Hat Stretchbg Machbe 91822 Indicator, Qoth Manufacturing, Etc. 91888 Loon Reed 92167 Knittbg Machbe, Circular 92189 Speeder Bobbb Skewer 92218 Yam Evener 92328 Thread Holder, Doffbg 92432 Spool 92523 Loom 92647 Spbdle Bolster 92784 Warp Dressbg Machbe 92830 Spbdle Stopping Device 92856 Loom Shuttle Box Motion 92859 Speeder, Spinnbg «fe Twistbg 92870 Rope Makbg Machbe, Wire 92890 Loom Temple 92940 Spinnbg Bobbb 92944 SUk Wbdbg Stop Motion 92958 Spinnbg Mule 92960 Cord Makmg Machbe 92995 Knittbg Machbe, Lace 93008 Knittbg Machbe 93254 Thread Spooling Machbe 93441 Loom Take Up 93539 Loom, GaUoon 93608 Locan ShutUe 93633 Spbdle Sc Bobbb Tube 93799 Loom Hamess Sheddbg Mechanism 93800 Loom, PUe Fabric 93836 Hat Pouncbg Machbe 94166 Cloth Tenterbg Sc Drybg Machbe 94218 Knittbg Machbe Stop Motion 94571 Loom Sheddbg Motion 94640 Spbdle & Flyer 94752 Drawbg Frame 94873 Loom Sheddbg Motion 94939 FeUbg Machbe

95034 Bobbb Wbdbg Machbe 95112 Braidbg Let Off & Tension 95145 Loon, Frbge 95186 Embroiderbg Machbe 95198 Loom Hamess & Heddle 95221 Loom Hamess Mechanism 95314 Loom Temple, RoUer Jaw 95456 Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bearing 95632 Reel 95767 Drawing Frame Stop Motion 95775 Carpet 95776 Carpet, Felted Fabric 96202 Cotton Qeaning Machbe 96238 Loom, Hand 96310 Thread Holder & Cutter 96556 Cardbg Machbe 96564 Loom, Tape 96619 Spinnbg Machbe, Hand 96646 Mangle 96676 Loom Shuttle 96677 Loom Shuttle 96937 Spinnbg Machbe, Hand 97041 Wood Pulp Machbe 97106 Loom, Ingrab Carpet 97147 Loom Shuttle Spbdle

Eickemeyer, RudoU Brown, WiUiam H. Whitcomb, Benjamb F. Cole, Charles G. Harris, Cyras Smith, George S. Luders, Thomas L. Doran, Michael F. Gadd, WUUam Richards, Isaac P. Boyden, WUUam H. Huret, Eugene Marsden, John Mayor, Thomas Morgan, Charles H. Simpson, Joseph CroweU, John H. Dunham, P. Greene, CJ. Guest, WiUiam Osborne, George Roberts, Mark L. Wade, Asel M. Holmes, George H. Kemper, Jacob Fiske, Charles H. McFarland, Alexander Bigelow, Erastus B. Bigelow, Erastus B. Richardson, John C Avery, Andre Kennedy, John Crompton, George Pirrard, Jean Joseph J. Hussey, OUver P. Crompton, George Blackham, Job W.

MorrUl, FrankUn H. Horstman, WUliam J. Roth, George Berger, Hermann Corey, Alfred B. Gibboney, A.F. Bums, WUUam H. FuUer, Jim B. Barker, James H. Casey, James S. Crossley, Thomas Crossley, Thomas Clement, Lewis T. Jones, Abraham Cleary, John Dempster, James Duckworth, James Rice, James Westwick, James B. Crompton, George Crompton, George Matheny. Chelton Burghardt. Frederick Murkland, WUliam Allen, N.L.

1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869

1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869



97158 Loom 97175 Loom 97178 Hat Pouncbg Machbe 97256 Loom Shuttle Spbdle 97434 Fabric. Method of Weavbg 97721 Pleatbg Machbe 97836 Basket. Reticule Wicker 97882 Loom Shuttle 97895 Loom Temple 98133 Bolster Lubricator 98135 Spinnbg Machbe. Hair & Flax 98188 Loom Shuttle Check 98254 Spinnbg Jack Register 98491 Rope Makbg Machbe 98500 Knittbg Machbe 98507 Card CloUiing Qamp 98738 Loom, Circular 98822 Loom Shutde 98966 Combbg & Preparing Wool 99055 Spinnbg Machbe 99111 Bobbb Holder 99152 Loom Shuttle 99154 Rag Rug Making Implement 99177 Loom Hamess Mechanism 99203 Spinnbg Frame. Rbg 99223 Loom, Jacquard, Narrow Ware 99287 Loom Temple, RoUer Jaw 99458 Hat Shaping Machbe 99511 Spinnbg Mule, SeU Actbg 99534 Spbdle Step & Bolster 99641 Cotton Combbg Machbe 99699 Cotton Picker 99843 Warpbg Machbe

100070 Warpbg Machbe 100317 Loom Shuttle 100377 Carpet 100548 Button Hole Twist. Preparing 100596 B raiding Let Off & Tension 100675 Spoolbg Machbe Stop Motion 100754 Bobbb, Strengthenbg Mediod 100794 Loom Tappet Chab 100798 Knittbg Machbe 101006 Loom, Irregular Fabric 101088 Loom Sheddbg Motion 101089 Crashbg Machbe, Ramie 101109 Spbdle Step 101110 Warpbg Machbe Drop Wire 101220 Shears 101875 Knittbg Machbe 101878 Knittbg Machbe 101989 Loom, Jacquard 102039 Loom 102256 Washing Machbe, Yam 102368 Loom Shuttle 102514 Spbdle Step, Cap 102772 Spinnbg Bobbb 102898 Cordage Machbe Band 102989 Loom Warp Stand 103018 Hair Qoth, Imitation 103051 SUk Stretchbg Machbe 103193 Spool, Jack

Branson, Jessie L. Duckworth, George Eickemeyer, RudoU Wheeler, Henry H. Owens, John Stems, Simon Venet, Joseph Cobum, John H. Dutcher, Warren W. WatUes, Joseph Wisdom, PhUip Pickman, David Greenwood, Henry Hale, Bemice House, Henry A. Lewis, Joshua O. Bryant, Nertoun C Webendorfer, RudoU Holden, Edward BranweU, Paul Salisbury, John Bums, W.H. Cady, B.F. Faulkner, George S. Jenks, Barton H. MuUer, TH. Bums, WUUam H. Marlot, Jean P. Wright, Edward Chapman, Charles H. Conant, Hezekiah Palmer, George F. CampbeU, Samuel

Reynolds, Roscoe C Pabe, Elias A. Cochrane, Jr., John Morrison, Robert BuUer, James D. Semple, Jr.. Samuel HaUoweU. Albert NuthaU, James PhUip, Frank GoulUoud, Alphonse Bigelow, Erastus B. Bigelow. Erastus B. Dougherty. Eliphalet Downes. Isaac Booth. James Hinkley, Jonas House, Henry A. Field, Albert R. Ramel, Pierre Haeffely, Edward Burrows, Edmund F. Draper, WUUam Carmichel, Alexander Whitton, Samuel J. Tifft, PhUancy D. Comstock, James J. Kennedy, George R. James, B.

1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1869 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870

1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870

NUMBER 49 121

Patent jnt

103332 103400 103415 103506 103570 103600 103616 103757 103787 103880 103906 103973 103996 104115 104137 104232 104329 104381 104654 104949

105812 105815 105905 106038 106106 106130 106306 106334 106466 106468 106477 106499 106571 106774 106797 106809 107136 107168 107220 107236 107248 107750 107890 107922 108003 108233 108356 108387 108409 108680 108709 108758 109502 109580 109583

110000 110012 110050 110146 110225 110617

bivention

Knittbg Machbe Loom Shutde Loon Let Off Washer Sc Dryer, Wool Basket, Frait Loom Sheddbg Motion Loom Temple Loon Shuttle Hat Blockmg Machbe Loom Spinnbg Machbe, Hand Chair Seat Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Spbdle OU Cup & Bearbg Loom Temple Carpet Warpbg Machbe Net Makbg Machbe Clothes Pb Loom Let Off

Spinnbg Mule, SeU Actbg Spinnbg Machbe Swift & Reel Loom Temple Cloth Shearing Machbe, Hair Drawbg Frame, Hemp Sc Cotton Loom Hamess Mechanism Loom Sheddbg Motion Spinnbg Machbe, Flax & Hemp Prbtbg Block, Carpet Loom, Rattan Knittbg Machbe Loom Hamess Mechanism Loom Shuttle Stoppbg Device Loom Temple, RoUer Loom Chair Seat Loom Temple Loom Shuttle Carpet Rag Cutter Cloth Cuttbg Machbe Knittbg Machbe Cardbg Machbe Weightbg Attachment Cottcai Opener Knittbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe, Flax Sc Hemp Spinnbg Machbe Rope Makbg Machbe Loom Shuttle ReeUng Machbe Spinnbg, Drawbg & Twistbg Head Thread Wbdbg Machbe Wbding Machbe Clothes Pb Loom Temple, RoUer

Loom Let Off & Tension Fabric, Frbge Loom, Hair QoUi Loom Shuttle Box Mechanism Warpbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Flyer

Inventor

HUl, Warren S. WeUs, Horace Bigelow, Erastus B. Sargent, Charles G. Colby, Eastman GUbert, Charies W. Howard, WUUam H. Lofvendahl, Joseph Sheldon, JuUus Herbert, John J. Mab, WUliam H. Bulgb, WUUam G. Dougherty, George W Convers, Eugene GUman, Albert H. Wallace, WiUiam Mather, Colb Vivarttas, Aloha Searles, Irvbg W. Fletcher, Lewis N.

Kent, Prentiss LaBanister, WUUam Clark, Charles H. Dutcher, Warren W. Amold, Obey Davis, George Ashworth, John Davis, HUas D. Chapb, Henry A. Crossley, Thomas Fitts, Samuel L. Morse. Edward Field. Albert R. Bosshard. Theodore Ehitcher, Warren W. Gilbert. Lucien M. Watkbs, Gardner A. Dutcher, Warren W. Carstaedt, Hugo Eberhard, WUUam GoodfeUow, John H. Appleton, Charles J. Evans, PhUip

Kitson, Richard Burson, W.W. Bazb, Ernest Huse, Warren D. Pike, WUliam G. Towle, HamUton E. Briggs, John Lawrence, Samuel W. Church. Dwight M. Eccles, Samuel Bradley, George Bums, WUliam H.

Bigelow, Erastus B. Cocker, Peter Laycock, WiUiam S. Knowles, Lucius J. Furrer, Jacob Abbot, Theodore T.

Year

1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870

1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870

1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1871


Patent :nt

110640 110795 110904

111002 111004 111278 111343 111378 111523 111595 111674 111977 111991 112391 112478 112643 112677 112785 113028 113059 113213 113313 113325 113380 113445 113575 113594 113784 113814 114008 114048 114064 114114 114155 114167 114274 114307 114524 114535 114536 114562 114570 114606 114929

115006 115191 115233 115264 115355 115508 115614 115676 115938 116125 116168 116374 116435 116481 116482 116609 116840 116841

Invention

Loom Sheddbg Motion Warpbg Machbe Loom Hamess Motion

Loom Let Off Burring Machbe, Wool Loom Sheddbg Motion Loom, Cane, Slats, Straw Loom Picker Warpbg Machbe Loom Picker Cardbg Machbe Feeder Carpet Rag Looper & Slitter Spinnbg Wheel Cotton, Method of Treating Loom Take Up Mechanism Loom Shuttle Hat Pressbg Machbe Loom, Lappet Warpbg Machbe Stop Motion Basket, Stave Hose Repairing Machbe Clothes Pb Bobbb Wbdbg Machbe Spbdle Bearbg Spinnbg Mule, Self Actbg Spinnbg Machbe, Rbg Spinnbg Wheel Spinnbg Jack, Self Acting Spinnbg Mule, SeU Actbg Tatting Shutde Sc Crochet Needle Wool OUbg Machbe Drawbg Frame Thread Measuring Apparatus Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Spinnbg Mule, SeU Aabg Loom Weft Fork Spinnbg Flyer Rope Makbg Machbe, Straw Spbdle Step Frbge Twistbg Machbe Spbdle Step Loom Take Up Loom

Loom Shuttle Spinnbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Step Bobbb Wbdbg Machbe Washing Machbe Loom Loom Shutde Spinnbg Machbe Loom Warp Colorbg Apparatus Bobbb Holder Basket Loom Shuttle Spinnbg Machbe, Sizbg Cop CoU Warp Creel Bracket Loom Shuttle Cotton Lapper Feed Regulator Picker, Waste

Inventor Year

EUiott, Robert Sbgleton, Thomas Davis, HUas D.

Rembgton, Horatio A. Richardson, WUliam Towle, HamUton E. Hastings, Emory B. Parker, Jerome M. Draper, George Whitten, Henry Pettitt, Edwb RusseU, Daniel A. Voegdi, Franz Simpson, Michael H. Michna, John Smith, Charles E. Beatty, Samuel Clough, Joseph Cummbgs, Edwb Jones, Horace C Shedlock, AUred Lipsey, Andrew B. MorriU, Franklin H. WUson, Charles F. Parkinson, Charles Sawyer, Jacob H. Strab, Joseph McGovem, Peter Sutherland, James Hingher, Constantbe Sargent, Charles G. Taft, Gustavus E. Dimock. Lucius Kuttner, Julius Marble, Ezra W. Dodd. John Knowles, Jacob H. Brown, James S. DormeUan, Charles E. Draper, George Howard, HUand Draper, George Rouse, Wanton Crowley, Jeremiah

Wright, Daniel Gouldbg, John Pearl, Oliver Adams, Judson Putnam, Leonard Nimmo, Archibald Isherwood, Thomas Ballard, SeUi R. Davies, John S. White, Nelson D. Draper, George TuthiU, Benjamb F. Graham, Edmund H. Pearson, Alfred Peck, Napoleon B. LyaU, James Kitson, Richard Kitson, Richard

1871 1871 1871

1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871

1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871

NUMBER 49 123

Patent ;nt

116881 117098 117183 117218 117220 117231 117324 117443 117523 117556 117672 117837 117934 118338 118405 118408 118422 118426 118536 118763 118969 119032 119201 119276 119277 119283 119311 119459 119938

120209 120474 120510 120782 120843 121045 121124 121127 121258 121262 121268 121303 121359 121415 121758 121830 121838 121842 121907 122236 122607 122705 122984 123037 123184 123358 123545 123568 123601 123826 123895 123952 123978

Invention

Spinnbg Machbe Flyer Drawbg Frame Loom Shutde Twistmg Machbe, Skeb Loom Shutde Spinnbg Mule, SeU Actbg Needle Wrapper Cloth Measurbg Machbe Loom Shuttle Box Mechanism Loom Shutde Spbdle Loom, Narrow Ware Loom Shutde, Wire Cloth Spinnbg Rbg Fastenbg Loom, Bmssels Carpet Loom Shuttle Cord & Band Makbg Machbe Spinnbg Frame Spbdle Cord Making Machbe Twistbg Machbe, Yam Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Step Loom Hamess Mechanism Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Loom Shuttle Loom, Hair Qoth Loom, Hair Qoth Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bearbg Clothes Pb Loom Hamess Mechanism Clothes Pb

Rovbg Frame Knittbg Machbe, Lace Locan, Needle Braidbg Machbe, Whip Loom Let Off Feltbg Machbe Carpet Rag Looper & SUtter Ironbg Table & Clothes Dryer Loom Hamess Loom Shuttle Saddle Girth Clothes Pb Loom Picker Flock Cuttbg Machbe. Reversible Basket Loom Shuttle Loon Shutde Box Mechanism Loom Sheddbg Motion Loom Shuttle Box Mechanism Thread Measurbg Machbe Flutbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bearing Basket, Frait Loom Shuttle Motion, Positive Loom Shutde Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bearing Knittbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Step Loom Heddle Drawing Frame Stop Motion Yam Drybg Machbe Loom Picker Loom Shuttle

Inventor Year

Stibbs, Thomas Moon, Benjamb Lofvendahl, Joseph Stibbs, Thomas ThisseU, Earl A. Wright, Edward Pitzler, James MUls, Isaac Dyson, John Morton, Albert Oldfield, Edwb Waters, Charles Sawyer, Jacob H. BuzzeU, John P. Tucker, Frederic 0 . Unsworth, Thomas Austb, Qaik L. Boardman, Harris Jackson, John H. Westcott, Asa A. Plummer, Osgood Hussey, Daniel Tucker, Frederick O. Lbdsley, Isaac Lbdsley, Isaac Sawyer, Jacob H. Burlbg, Benjamb Goodyear, Robert B. MelUsh, Henry

Morgan, Eustis WUliamson, Henry Gee, WUliam V. Sizer, Emerson Woodman, Andrew J. Eickemeyer, RudoU Palmer, Leeman C Power, Martb Sladdin, Joseph Tucker, Frederick O. Baker, Seth W WatUes, Hiram J. Gove, Elijah D. Pitts, James Cole. Elisha B. Waters, Charles H. Ashworth, John Booth. James Stone. Joseph M. Dunn. Leonard F. Hayen, Jacob F. Cheetam, Lbneus Bardet, Roland S. Murkland, WiUiam Martb, Joseph Pierce, Horatio L. Appleton, Charles J. Lothrop, Henry 0. Whipple, CuUen Hayden, Daniel W. Hartman, Richard TerreU, Enoch T Carstaedt, Hugo

1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871

1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1871 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872



124004 124051 124071 124180 124231 124290 124882 124903 124955 124967 124989

125253 125467 125543 125564 125687 125688 125689 126119 126387 126569 127159 127566 127748 128274 128480 128694 128774 128857 128951 129216 129285 129394 129529 129602 129692 129722 129816 129829 129903 129915

130058 130135 130136 130137 130148 130343 130672 130860 130866 130966 131185 131205 131420 131491 131657 131761 131851 131906 132014 132546

Loom Temple Frbge Clothes Pb Cloth Cutting Machbe Basket Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Braiding Machbe Rock Grinder Clothes Pb Loom Shutde Wbding Machbe Stop Motion

Clothes Pb Cord Covering Machbe Stop Motion Knittbg Machbe Bobbb Windbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bearing Doublbg & Twistbg Machbe Yam Warpbg Machbe Stop Motion Loom Shuttle Card Strippbg Machbe Loom Shuttle Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Cardbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Knittbg Machbe Needle Loom Sheddbg Motion Loom Carpet Rag Looper Carpet Rag Looper & Cutter Thread Wbdbg Machbe, Spool Loom Cloth Cutting Machbe Bobbb Winder, Automatic Knittbg Machbe, Circular Loom Shutde Motion Loom Shuttle Loom Heddle Frame Rope & Cable Making Machine Carpet Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bearing Loom Let Off

Spoolbg & Wbdbg Machbe Guide Basket Basket Basket Spbdle Step Cloth Cutting Machbe Cards For Wrappbg Thread Spbdle Knittbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Bobbb Holder Card Cylinder Cleaners Yam Beambg Machbe Carpet Rag Looper Loom Temple Spinnbg Wheel Loom Shutde Check Basket, Frait Fabric Loom, Hair Qoth Die, CoUar Makbg

Murkland, WUliam GiUespie, James E. Lipsey, Andrew B. Warth. Albb Tower, Hercy E. Sawyer, Jacob H. Buder, James D. Marble, Edwb T. Huston, Robert W. MUler, Felix Unsworth, Thomas

BaU, Thomas C Lewis, Reuben Comstock, Francis M. Gee. WUliam V. Perry, Francis H. Perry. Francis H. Perry. Francis H. WhitehiU, Robert Foss. John F. Northrop, Louis L. Draper, George Chase. Frederick Draper, George Baldwin, NaUian H. Foss. John F. Wyman. Horace Ansley. George W. Converse, Lyman P. Clark. WiUiam Day, WiUiam Koch, Frederick Church, Dwight M. Christoffers, Martb Short, James ThisseU, Earl A. Dyson, John Greenway, Henry Hunter, Samuel Richardson, George Woodward, Andrew J.

Laflb, Perley Jones, Horace C Jones, Horace C Jones, Horace C Parmenter, Samuel W. Warth, Albb Sutro, Hugo Osgood, Enoch RamsdeU, WUliam H. Youngman, WiUiam L. Smith, James H. Arms, James C BoUbger, WiUiam AUen, Nicholas J. Bryce, John Kingston, Jonathan N. Conover, Stephen B. Roder, Conrad Laycock, WiUiam S. Snow, George K.

1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872

1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872

1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872

NUMBER 49 125


132627 132959 132986 133065 133080 133493 133676 133868 133941 134057 134067 134069 134074 134075 134535 134712 134848 134863 134864 134935 134964 134971 134992

135015 135033 135190 135253 135428 135446 135501 135619 135652 135748 135939 135960 136065 136133 136384 136480 136504 136633 136644 136715 137077 137239 137252 137326 137368 137386 137443 137518 137605 137846 137898 137962 138511 138929 139051 139251 139384 139447 139558

Qothes P b Warpbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle & Bobbb Spinnbg Machbe Cotton G b Loom Picker Loom, PUe Fabric Loom Shuttle Motion Basket Warp Settbg Frame Spinnbg Frame Spbdle Loom Shutde Box Motion Loom Shutde Loom Shutde Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle & Bobbb Spinnbg Rbg Loom Shutde Spbdle Bolster & Step Spinnbg Frame Dyebg Sc Washbg Fiber Machbe Yam Sizbg Machbe Loom Shutde Loom

Cardbg Machbe Condenser Tube Hat Stretdibg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bolster Loom Picker Hat Pressbg Machbe Loom Shutde Clothes Pb Warpbg Machbe Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Box Motion Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Spbdle Bolster Rag Ripper & Looper Loan Loom Shuttle Bbder Knittbg Machbe, Circular Spbdle Lubricator Carpet Rag Looper & Cutter Loom Temple Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Motion Spbdle Bolster Loom Sheddbg Motion Combbg Machbe Basket Spinnbg Mule, SeU Actbg Spbdle Step Cloth Foldbg Machbe Warpbg Machbe Stop Mechanism Basket, Grab Loom Prbtbg Machbe, OU Cloth Spinnbg Mule, SeU Actbg Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Stop Spinnbg Mule Loom FUlbg Fork Loom Shuttle Box Mechanism Drawing Frame Stop Motion Bobbb

BuUock, Laban Fries, John W. Roper, James SteU, Michael Clough, Jefferson M. Smith, Charies E. Shinn, John LyaU, James Jones, Horace C Higgbs, John H. Jenks, Barton H. Jenks, Barton H. Ladd, James E. Lambert, Peter A. Garsed, Richard TuUy, Frank Bryant, H.H. Draper, George Draper, George Sargent, Charles G. Abbott, Thomas Blandbg, Francis Knowles, Lucius J.

Skinner, Alexander W. Eickemeyer, RudoU WUson, Charles F. Taylor, WUUam Hastbgs, Emory B. Sawyer, Caleb K. WeUington, WUliam Bancroft, Joseph B. Martb, Thomas Atkbson, WiUiam Rice, David H. Barnes, James John. Harley M. Canis. Augustus Rea, Francis Armour. John M. Gouldbg. J. Whitten. Seth M. Dutcher, Frank J. Field, David CG. Kane, Charles J. Richardson, George Shinn, John Smith, Isaac Higgbs, WUliam C. Paul, Archibald Henry. J.J. Warth. Albb FoUensbee. George S. Jones. Horace C Duckworth. John C Rommel. Charles McGovem, Peter Potter, Henry T. Dewey, John J. Knowles, Jacob H. Goodyear, Robert B. Wright, Plby J. Earl, Anthony I.

1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1872 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873

1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873


Patent ent

139616 139652 139884 139929 139930

140013 140056 140098 140215 140320 140322 140757 140800 140889 140903 141262 141337 141338 141339 141434 141440 141575 141725 141740 141751 141803 142101 142177 142188 142245 142342 142373 142439 142681 143024 143218 143257 143508 143743 143785 143927 143976 144067 144077 144176 144507 144563 144601 144610 144620 144647 144657 144839 144840 144841

145009 145094 145282 145316 145322 145386

Invention

Cloth Cutting Machbe, Webbing Spinnbg Machbe QuUl Bobbb Loom Temple Loom Temple Spoolbg Machbe

Loom Temple Spinnbg Frame Twist Regulator Loom Shuttle Thread Evener Cloth Nappbg Machbe, Knit Ryer, Covering Bonnet Wire Spinnbg Rbg, Adjustable Knittbg Machbe Carpet Rag Looper Hat Stretchbg Machbe Loom Hat Stretchbg Machbe Hat Block, Expansible Hat Lusterbg Machbe Bobbb Windbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bolster Bobbb Beedbg Woven Fabric Machbe Clothes Pb Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bolster Loom Shuttle Cotton Opener, Feed Regulator Reel, Skebbg SUk Bobbb Wbdbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Bobbb Basket, Grab Loom Shutde Carpet Manufacture Carpet Clothes Pb Loom Picker Loom Picker Spinnbg Machbe Condensation Tube Band, Endless Spbdle Bolster Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Spbdle Loom, PUe Fabric Loom Sheddbg Mechanism Loom Temple Basket, Rattan Ware Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Loom, Narrow Ware Rod for Drawing b Warp Thread Loom Temple Loom Shutde Cloth Nappbg Machbe Drawbg & DeUverbg Wool FuUbg MiU

Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Carpet Rag Looper Loom Hamess Makbg Machbe Loom Shutde Box, Drop Spinnbg Machbe Band Makbg Machbe, Endless

Inventor Year

Rice, WUUam A. Bass, Jr., David Dutcher, Warren W. Stimpson, Edward S. Stone, Joseph M.

Chapman, N. Martb, Celestb Tucker, WiUiam Meldrum, John B. Tomkins, Qark Tyler, Erastus H. Bancroft, Joseph B. Tripp, Othniel F. Clayton, Jr., WUUam Eickemeyer, RudoU Davis, HUas D. Eickemeyer, RudoU Eickemeyer, RudoU Eickemeyer, RudoU Goodyear, James Jenks, Barton H. McLaughlb, Thomas G. Patterson, John Urso, Vbcent D. Birkenhead, John Mclntyre, Thomas K. Hardbg, David Simon, Robert Atkbson, WUliam Laflb, Perley Jones, Horace C Brown, Joseph Clark, Henry A. Doman, John MeUish. Henry Boom, Samuel Ross, Lester E. Good, J. Binns, Leedham Richardson, George Pfefferkom, Cari L. Fields, M.F. Crocker, Lewis C ElUson, James C WUber, Isaac L. Chapman, Nathan Penley. SuUivan H. CarroU. WUliam T Fowler, Rufus B. Jordan, Mary S. Allen, Nichalos I. Chapman. Nathan D. Dobson, J c ^ Dobson, John Eickemeyer, RudoU

Perry, WUUam G. Cooper, James F. CroweU, John H. Thomas, Samuel T. WiUiams. Chauncey Binns, Leedham

1873 1873 1873 1873 1873

1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873

1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873

NUMBER 49 127

Patent mt

145803 145831 145905 146059 146065 146077 146320 146362 146391 146543 146544 146558 146564 146574 146756 146757 146942 147062 147075 147076 147200 147372 147453 147550 147590 147657 147747 147779 148036 148088 148134 148135 148252 148388 148397 148534 148625 148680 148784 148936 148937 149085 149099 149264 149292 149447 149448 149498 149815

150073 150174 150240 150424 150439 150581 150806 150925 150931 151384 151385 151456 151624

Invention

Carpet Loan Shutde Loom Picker Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Whirl Chair Seat Tatdng Shuttle & Crochet Needle Dyebg Wool or SUk In Skebs Loom Shutde Spbdle Drivbg Mechanism Loom Take Up Loom, Jacquard Swift & Reel Carpet Rag Looper Loom Weft Stop Spinnbg Machbe Bobbb Loom Temple Shears Loom Shutde Loom Shutde Loom Shutde Spinnbg Wheel Knittbg Machbe Cloth Cuttbg Machbe Frbge Twistbg Machbe Spinnbg Mule, SeU Aabg Spinnbg & Doublbg Stc^ Mechanism Die, Covering Spool Head Cardbg Machbe Loom Selvage Guard Clothes Pb Loom Shutde Loom Shutde Loon Hamess Makbg Machbe Knittbg Machbe Spinnbg Mule, SeU Actbg Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle & Bobbb Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bolster Hat Pouncbg Machbe Basket Loom Picker Knittbg Machbe, Circular Wool Treatbg Machbe Loom Picker Staff Check Basket Locan, PUe Fabric Loom Weft Stop Loom Speeder, Drawbg & Twistbg Spinnbg Mule

Combbg Machbe Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Basket Clothes Pb Silk Wbdbg Machbe Loom Shuttle Loom Sheddbg Mechanism Loom Shuttle Loom, Needle Loom, Narrow Ware Cloth Cutting Machbe Carpet Rag Looper

Inventor Year

Iskiyan, Gregory BaU, Edwb P Sawyer, Orren A. Furbush, Merrill A. Hale, Henry S. KeUogg, Eugene Cooke, James S. Rigby, John Hussey, Daniel Murkland, WUliam Murkland, WUliam Totten, Andrew Almy, J. Eben Comey, WiUard Draper, WiUiam F. Dutcher, Warren W Nunan, Edward Murkland, WiUiam Spaldbg, Edwb G. Spalding, Edwb G. Voegth, Franz Coltman, Thomas Warth. Albb Brooks. WiUiam Bancroft. Nathan W Kraink, George Darrow. FrankUn E. MiUs, Christopher D. Clayton, Joseph Reed, Samuel Parker, WiUiam M. Parker, WUliam M. Sladdin, Joseph Stevens, Benjamb C Wright, Edward Whitman, George D. Richardson, George Eickemeyer, RudoU Van Omum, Robert W. Crompton, George Cummbgs, George W. WUkbson, Frederick Bury, Benjamb Stevens, Henry Davis, Ezekiel K. CottreU, Jesse D. CottreU, Jesse D. Mayor, Thomas Watts, James

Mirfield, Matthew Maynard. Israel F. Hooper. Cyras A. Maynard, Sylvender F. SmiUi, David M. Jenkins, George E. WiUiams. Norman A. WUliamson. Joseph Amold, Jabez R. Greenleaf, Joseph H. Gregory, WUliam Warth, Albb RoweU, Franklin

1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1873 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874

1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874


Patent ml

151697 151729 151961 152008 152021 152088 152219 152229 152367 152404 152419 152443 152531 152654 153025 153320 153417 153660 153693 153711 154035 154466 154483 154600 154601 154736 154745 154766 154822 154837 154969 154996

155382 155558 155749 156027 156205 156230 156337 156403 156413 156459 156525 156526 156587 156610 156630 156667 156770 157677 157845 157931 158027 158202 158394 158413 158427 158775 159050 159255 159499

Invention

Spinnbg Machbe RoU Qeaner Loom Weft Stop Loom Sheddbg Motion Spbdle Knittbg Machbe Loom, Carpet Spinnbg Machbe Bobbb Loom Temple Die, Cutting Gloves Dyebg Apparatus, Indigo Loom Shutde Loom Shutde Loom, Wire Loom, Bag Card Punchbg Machbe Cord Making Machbe Wbdow Shade Weavbg Machbe Cloth Nappbg Machbe Loom, Wire Cloth Loom Loom, Corset Warpbg Machbe Stop Mechanism Dambg Machbe, Stockbg Loom Loom FiUbg Guide Pinkmg Iron Loom, Tape Pickbg & Twistbg Cows Hair Washing Machbe, Wool Loom Temple Spinnbg Wheel Loom, Hair Qoth

Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Spinnbg Machbe Bobbb Holder Spinnbg Mule, SeU Actbg Loom Shuttle Spbdle Step Spinnbg Wheel Loom Shuttle Loom Weft Foilc Spool Loom Picker Spinnbg Frame, SUk Spinnbg Frame Loom Let Off & Take Up Carpet Loom Sheddbg Motion Spbdle Step Spbdle Loom Hat Measurer & Stretcher Rope, Wire Cloth Measure Loom, PUe Fabric Loom Shuttle Box Mechanism Spinnbg Frame Thread Wbdbg Guide Loom Picker Loom Temple Loom Temple Spbdle Lubricator

Inventor Year

Harris, James T. Taylor, WUliam Davis, HUas D. Richardson, George Tripp, OUiniel F. Duckworth, WUUam Draper, George Hirst, Joseph Haag,Jacob Oldroyd, John Sawyer, Caleb K. Washbum, Quincy A. Taylor. WiUiam Laird, Jr., John Upson, Lyman A. Defrees, WiUiam H. Baldwb, Jr.. John Brown. Adna Wickwire. Chester F. Harriman, Moses Gahren, Charles EntwisUe, Thomas C Hosmer, Orin S. Gee, WUliam V. Gee, WUliam V. Welch, Eliza R Chapman, Charles H. Pfanne, Charles Bachelder, John Chapman. Nathan Walker. Walter B. Turpie, John

Mason, WUUam WeUens, Jules C Piatt, Samuel Lear, Peter Chatterton, George McLeod, Murdock Doman, John Allen, Nicholas I. Darrow, Franklm Garland, James G. Atwood, John E. Atwood, John E. MetcaU, Edward WaUace, WiUiam Crompton, George Hopkins, Addison S. Carter, Euclid D. Crompton, George Leverbg, Thomas J. Roeblbg, Charles G. Carlon, Hugh Cochran, Jr., John Wyman, Horace Stone, Joseph M. Manchester, Eugene L. Bean, Boijamb F. Stimpson, Edward S. FuUer, Albert D. Buttrick, Charles G.

1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1879 1874

1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1874 1875 1874 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875

NUMBER 49 129


159653 159750 159764 159912 159983 159984 159985 159986 159988

160001 160058 160198 160544 160607 160661 160749 160825 160843 161008 161061 161101 161138 161443 161488 161545 161638 161702 161888 161972 161996 162093 162188 162191 162238 162246 162385 162390 162479 163280 163483 163609 163691 163799 163887 163959 164026 164059 164144 164256 164492 164493 164716 164740 164751 164796

165045 165197 165285 165352 165416 165417

Loom Knittbg Machbe, Circular Loom Shutde Hat Pouncbg Machbe Loom Stop Mechanism Loom Stop Mechanism Loom Stop Mechanism Loom Stop Mechanism Cloth Foldbg Machbe

Loom Shutde Spoolbg Machbe Braiding Machbe Loom Shutde Cloth Cuttbg Apparatus, Bias Clothes Pb Loom, Suspender Webbbg Cloth Shearing Machbe Locan Shutde Knittbg Machbe, Straight Loom Shutde Loom Shutde Clothes Pb Loom Let Off Loan Shuttle Box Mechanism Loom Shutde Warpbg Machbe Loom Shutde Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Loom Shutde Loom Let Off Carpet Rag Looper Locan Beam Loom Heddle Frame Loom Sheddbg Motion Spinnbg Machbe Carpet Hat Brashbg Machbe Cotton Qeanbg Machbe Cordage Fbishbg Machbe Spool, Jack Loom Shuttle Loom Heddle Frame Loom Shutde Box Mechanism Spinnbg Rbg Sc Rbg RaU Spool Cloth Tentering Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Loan Shuttle Spinnbg Rbg & Gearing Spinnbg Rbg Loom Shuttle Spinnbg Machbe Top RoUer Warp Holder Embroiderbg Machbe Cardbg Machbe, Lappbg

Basket, Stave Spinnbg Machbe Top RoUer Basket, Stave Speeder Basket, Stave Basket, Grab

Doman, J c ^ Curtiss, Edward P. Lear, Peter Eickemeyer, RudoU BuUough, James BuUough, James BuUough, James BuUough, James Warth, Albb

Blandbg, Francis Mathewson, Thomas A. Hupplesberg, Friedrick W. Peasley, James H. Mayer, Solomon Farrington, George K. Chapman, Charles H. Holmes, Isaac Safford, Marie Curtiss, Edward P. RoUasai, AUred Crosby, John A. Mayo, William H. Rose, George Crompton, George Porter, Roger W. Richard, JosejA S. Peckham, James M. Le Moyne, Joel H. Le Moyne, Joel H. Tumer, Jdm Naylor, George W. Oldfield, Edwb Pratt, Frederic S. Kenison, Orrin W. Mattison, Charles Z. Homer, Jr., Samuel Joyce, Alexander S. Keene, Samuel D. Tebow, Theodore Guy, Henry M. Rigby, John PUce, Edwin S. Norton, James Lee Richardsoi, George Allen, Nicholas I. Palmer, Jr., WUliam H. Wade, Asel M. Cheetham, Thomas Booth, John Steams. WUlard W. Stevens. Edgar M. Card, Edward Houghton, Henry S. Michalet, Francois Blamires, Thomas H.

Wheeler, Shepherd H. Atkinson, Edward Wheeler, Roscoe B. Mayor, Thomas Jones, Horace C Jones. Horace C

1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875

1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875

1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875



165419 Basket. Stave 165433 Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle 165636 Cloth Cuttbg Machbe 165657 Cloth Friezing Machbe 165666 Loom Beam 165777 Loom Shuttle 165807 Bobbb Wbder 165941 Lace Machbe 166262 Fabric, Imitation QuUted 166316 Spinnbg Frame BuUdbg Mechanism 166366 Cloth Testbg Machbe 166601 Cardbg Machbe Condenser Mechanism 166732 Loom. Hair Qoth 166753 Rope Stretcher 166896 Coveriet 167152 Loom. PUe Fabric 167176 Loom Shuttle Motion 167310 Fabric, FeU 167357 Loom Heddle Frame 167358 Rattan Measurbg Machbe 167391 Hat Stretchbg Machbe 167418 Loom Take Up Pawl 167545 Loom, Mattbg 167563 Knittbg Stockbgs, Method of 167673 Clothes Pb 167678 Loom Shuttle Spbdle 167707 Loom Picker Stop Check 167753 Loom Shutde 167823 Spbdle Lubricator 167965 Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Whirl 168022 Spbdle Step Securbg Mechanism 168066 Spoolbg Machbe, Yam 168228 Loom Take Up 168309 Doublbg Sc Twistbg Machbe 168512 Spinnbg Machbe, Wool 168644 Spbdle Bolster 168719 Temple TeeUi Settbg Machbe 169170 Spinnbg Machbe 169248 Loom Shuttle 169315 Doublbg Machbe 169447 Basket, Stave 169448 Basket, Suve 169504 Loan Shuttle 169505 Loom Shuttle 169507 Spinnbg Frame 169546 Bobbb 169568 Warper 169608 Loom Pattem Chab 169742 Cloth Nappbg Machbe 169749 Loom Temple 169837 Loon Shutde 169995 Loom Shuttle Check Sc Bbder

Jones, Horace C. Wade, Asel M. Warth, Albb Bishop, George G. Gould, John A. WUlis, Newiel J. Doman, John Malhere, Eugene Corwin, Walter Stone, Joseph M. Hebdon, WiUiam Furbush, MerrUl A. Tumpie, John Curtis, Charles C Schadewald, Henry Bigelow, Erastus B. Kane, Charles J. Davies, Henry Pike, Edwb S. Richardson, Nathan H. Eickemeyer, RudoU Walker, Samuel S. Kuh, Sol PoUe, SaUie Kniffen, George W Logan, Thomas H. Stevenson, WiUiam W. Edwards, Addison Buttrick, Charles WUson, Jr., David Hopkins, Addison S. Wade, Asel M. Carstaedt, Hugo Wicks, Joseph F. Martb, Celestb Jenckes, Welcome Chapman, Nathan HiUard, James P. Fish, Joseph Unsworth, Thomas Jones, Horace C Jones, Horace C Wright, Daniel Wright, Daniel Atwood, John E. Hubbard, Horace J. MoiUtoi. Oliver Wicks, Joseph F. Thackrah, Benjamb Walker, Samuel S. Porter, Roger W. Hurd, Seth T.

1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875

170007 Loan Stop Motion Foric 170214 Loan Shutde & Shutde Stop 170323 Carpet Rag Looper 170458 Loom Hamess Motion 170572 FabricElastic 170580 Loom Picker 170630 Spinnbg Wheel 170922 Loom, PUe Fabric 170929 Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle 171075 Card Grindbg Machbe

McCaffery, Jr., John WoUender, James Wyckoff, WUliam H. H. Witter, Henry Leonard, Moses H. McManus, Henry KendaU, John J. Webster, WiUiam Amold, John C Wicks, Joseph F.

1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875

NUMBER 49 131

Patent ;nt

171298 171466 171520 171548 171598 171788 171808 171943 171989 172097 172296 172298 172510 172681 172690 172937 172989 173172 173391 173646 173704 173922 174345 174349 174376 174505 174763 174902 174918 174947 174999

175117 175396 175499 175633 175641 175802 175953 176171 176261 176314 176359 176467 176949 177162 177227 177323 177373 177466 177602 177641 177783 177841 177920 178167 178259 178377 178599 178987 179043 179118 179166

Invention

Spinnbg Machbe Knittbg Machbe, Circular Loom Picker Fastenbg Twisting Machbe Loom Shutde Box Mechanism Warpbg Machbe Cloth Shearing Machbe Doublbg Machbe Locan Shutde Box Mechanism Loom Lay Modon Loom, Carpet Wbdbg Machbe, Conical Bobbb Spbdle Sheath & Cop tube Cotton Qeanbg Machbe Cloth Nappbg Sc Calendering Cotton Bale Check Knittbg Machbe, CirctUar Cotton Opener & Picker Hat Brim Cutter Cotton Opener & Qeaner Feltbg & Nappbg Qoth Machbe FuUbg MiU Knittbg Machbe Spinnbg Mule Loom Shutde Cop Tube Knittbg Machbe, Circular Temple Teeth Sortbg Machbe Speeder Sc Ry Frame Bobbb Rutbg Machbe

Loom Shutde Loom Weft Fork Carpet Loom Stop Motion Fork FuUbg MUl Spbdle Step Lubricator Hat Body Stretchbg Machbe Loom Temple, RoUer Knittbg Machbe, Circular Chair Seat & Back Spbdle Bobbb Loom Sheddbg Mechanism Locan, Corset Bobbb Wbder Loom Temple Loom Stop Motion Loom Temple Bar Card Clothbg, UtUizbg Old Cloth Nappbg Machbe Loom Picker Basket, Grab Hose Goods Loom, PUe Fabric Knittbg Machbe, Rotary Loom Temple Loom Selvage Guard FuUbg MUl Rope Makbg Machbe Spinnbg Wheel Cotton Opener Sc Picker Loom Sheddbg & ShutUe Moticai

Inventor Year

MarshaU, Nathaniel Appleton, Charles J. Labounty, Leonard G. Capstack, Jonathan Chandler, Isaac G. Follbsbee, George S. Holmes, Isaac L. Leigh, Lewis E. Capron, Ariel B. Duckworth, John C Bigelow, Erastus B. CampbeU, George Simmons, George H. Wright, James Becker, Nicholas J. RiethmuUer, John C Franz, WUUam Kitson, Richard Cooke, George W. Kenne, S.Davis Whipple, Lyman W. Eickemeyer, RudoU Appleton, Charles J. Brown, James S. MUls, Guy C Essex, Jeremiah Bickford, Dana Dutcher, Frank Mayor, Thomas Cundey, Isaac Albrecht, Hermann

Legare, Marcel S. Warfield, Caleb H. Read, Charles A. Worthem, Charles H. Baldwb, Joel M. WhorweU. Henry Eickemeyer. RudoU Dow. Albert F. Appleton. Charles J. Hunzbger. George Sawyer, Jacob H. Goodyear, Robert B. Gahren, Charles Schofield, Joseph Dutcher, WiUiam W Crompton, George Chapman, Nathan Brummet, Frank E. Whitcomb, Marciene H. Holbrook, Albert Amsden, Galen Hubbard, Henry G. Bigelow, Erastus B. Langham, Thomas Amold, Jabez R. MUls, John H. Cooledge, Charles P. Binns, Leedham MuUbs, John W. Kitson, Richard Davis, Hylas D.

1875 1875 1875 1875 1875 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876

1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876



179334 Loom 179402 Loom Reed, Give Away 179463 Spbdle Adjustbg Device 179488 Cop Wbding Machbe 179510 Bobbb, Receivbg SUk Qoth 179575 Cloth Cutting, Ornamental 179703 Hook, Web Drawbg 179741 Spinnbg & Doublbg Machbe 179834 Cardbg Machbe Attachment 179848 Cottcai Balbg & Packbg Apparatus 179849 Cotton Balbg & Packbg Apparatus 179855 Loom Hamess Knittbg Machbe 179962 Cardbg Machbe

180143 Spinnbg Machbe, Rbg 180145 Bobbb 180215 Thimble 180250 Knittbg Machbe, Circular 180515 Carpet 180932 Wash Bench & Wringer 181107 Cloth Cutting Machbe 181291 Loom Temple 181321 Spoolbg Machbe Yam Guide 181565 Spinnbg Regulator, Rope 181798 Loom Shuttle Threadbg Mechanism 181804 Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle 181861 CloUies Pb 182051 Fabric, Double Woven 182150 Loom Shuttle 182171 Cloth Foldbg Machbe 182209 Wool Treating Apparatus 182300 Spinnbg Frame 182590 Frbge Twistbg Machbe 182892 Nettbg 182908 Hat Pouncbg Machbe 182909 FuUbg MUl 183169 Knittbg Machbe, Circular 183386 Spinnbg Frame Spbdle & Bobbb 183432 Washing Machbe 183517 Bobbb Winder, Yam 183619 Warpbg Machbe 183698 Spinnbg Frame Spbdle 184112 Loom Hamess Eyes, MetaUic 184404 Spinnbg Machbe Bobbb 184569 Loom Picker 184637 Frbge Machbe 184681 Loom Sheddbg Motion 184689 Knittbg Machbe 184742 Spinnbg Frame Spbdle Step 184853 Twistbg Hay For Fuel

185027 Loom, Jacquard 185041 Loom Shuttle 185772 Combbg Machbe, Wool 185778 Wash Bench 185807 Spinnbg Spbdle Cap 185847 Spbdle or Bolster Fastenbg 185988 Burring Machbe. Wool 186045 Bobbb Windbg 186108 Horse Blanket Sc Carriage Robe 186322 Spinnbg Frame, Rbg 186324 Spinnbg Frame, Rbg 186326 Spbdle Tension Regulator

MiUer, Augustus H. CottreU, Jesse D. Perry, WiUiam G. Reid, WUUam Blauvelt, Jacob T. Lamb, Joseph Jordan, Mary S. Taylor, John Wright, James Drake, James A. Drake, James A. Hodgkbs, WUUam A. Ryan, James C

Mayor, Thomas Mayor, Thomas Fbger. GUbert MarshaU, Moses Allbson, James Rudel, Peter Sanson, Robert B. Stimpson, Edward S. Draper, George Farthmg, Isaiah Parker, Thomas S. Stanley, James C MbUls, Uriah D. Baker, SeUi W. Beatty, WiUiam CottreU, Jesse D. Mary, Nicholas Chandler, Isaac Mortimer, Samuel Chase, John E. Eickemeyer, RudoU Eickemeyer, RudoU HoUen. WUliam H.H. Essex, Jeremiah Stone, Columbus Thomas, Samuel Ashworth, John J. Myers, Henry Sherman, WUliam F. Mawson, John Avery. Sylvanus Lbcob. Jesse B. Wicks. Joseph Appleton, Charles J. WhorweU, Henry Ford, Nathan

Halton, Thomas J. Moore, Albert M. Metcalf, Samuel Pond, Daniel B. WeUer, Charles Aldrich, Aaroi Trombley, Edward Rice, Israel L.G. Chase, Lucius C Draper, WiUiam F. Draper, George Draper, George

1876

1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876

1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1876

1876 1876 1876 1876 1876 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877

NUMBER 49 133


186486 Spinnbg Machbe Bolster & Step 186602 Loom, Tape, Automatic 186643 Cloth Cutung Machbe 186661 Cloth Measurbg Machbe 186674 Loom Shuttle 186796 Spinnbg & Doublbg Machbe 187063 Loom Shuttle Spbdle 187281 Loom Shuttle Box Motion, Rotary 187369 Loom Shuttle, Narrow Ware 187538 Cotton Opener & Separator 187597 Yam Sizbg & Beambg Machbe 187695 Basket, Suve 187696 Kniubg Machbe 187820 FuUbg MUl 188281 Loom Shuttle 188321 Loom Picker 188385 Wool Qeanbg Machbe 188441 Knitting Machbe, Straight 188460 Loom Shutde 188489 Loom Shutde 188538 Loom Temple 188784 Bobbb 188825 Spinnbg Bobbb, QuUl 188926 Loom Shutde 189002 Loom Let Off 189099 Rope Makbg Machbe 189195 SUk Dressbg b Skebs Machbe 189243 Bobbb 189353 Loom, Circular 189515 Loom, Gimp 189633 Loom Shuttle 189838 Warp Slasher

190422 Drawbg Frame Trumpet 190525 Spinnbg Machbe 190566 Locan Shuttle 190694 Knittbg Machbe 190710 Spinnbg Frame, Rbg 190745 Dambg Last 190756 Spinnbg Machbe RoU Support 190783 Loon Temple 191255 Fabric, MetalUc Thread 191526 Loon Shuttle 191581 Device Prevent Tape UnroUbg 191697 Loon Stop Motion Foric SUde 191907 Loan Temple 192040 Loan Sheddbg Mechanism 192064 Spinnbg Mule 192296 Loom Hamess Makbg Machbe 192315 Spinnbg Machbe Top RoUer 192317 Rope Makbg Machbe 192352 Combbg Machbe, Wool 192391 Spinnbg Register & Stop Motion 192424 Spoolbg Machbe Slop Motion

192473 Spbdle 192493 Spbdle & Bobbb 192580 Loon Shuttle Box Mechanism 192655 Bobbb & Holder 192659 Loon, PUe Fabric 192669 Picker Teeb Makbg Machbe 192692 Loom Shutde Spbdle 192897 Loom Temple 192962 Cloth Measurbg Machbe

Luscomb, WUUam S. MuUer, Robert Warth, Albb Brown, Adna HoUoweU, Albert Chapb, Henry A. Stevens, Edgar M. Hyde, James Fischer, George Kitson, Richard BuUough, John Jones, Horace C Abel, WUUam H. Colby, Charies T Chamberlab, Dexter H. WaUcer, Samuel S. Low, Oscar Tiffany, EU Anderson, Charles W. Wright, Augustus Porter, Alfred Draper, WUliam F. StarUey, James C MarbeU, Ezra WUliam Widdup, Young Higby, Luther E. Corron, Cesar Mawson, John GUlespie, James E. Stone. Robert Lewando, Charles Briggs, Joseph

Dawson, Patrick C Taft, Gustavus E. Dumas, Louis Slack, James M. Draper, WiUiam F. Crownbshield, Mary B. Hardenbergh, Fayette Schlaf, Christab H. Posselt, Emest GUbert, Walter L. Gould, Arthur C McCaffery, Jr., John Waterbury, James E. Wolbold, Henry George, Samuel Sladdin, Joseph Whittemore, Samuel E. Whiton. David Smith. Leonard Saunders, Benjamb Fearon, Francis Whitman, GUbert P Draper, George Hickey, Patrick Nealon, Martb J. RoUiweU, John Aldrich, Robert HamUton, James Bums, WUliam H. Baker, George P.

1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877

1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877


Patent Invention

193094 Cotton Opener & Qeaner 193106 Spooler Rock Shaft, Yam 193141 Spbdle, Cordage Twistbg 193143 Clothes Pb 193193 Cloth Fbishing Machbe 193207 Thread Makbg Machbe 193782 Loom Shuttle Box Motion 193887 Spinnbg Mule 194269 Spbnbg Mule 194517 Loom

195767 Loom Stop Mechanism 195810 FuUbg MUl 195883 Loom Let Off 195884 Cotton Battbg Folding Machbe 195887 Spinnbg Frame, Rbg 195906 Spinnbg Machbe Cop BuUder 196694 Loom 197131 Loom Shuttle 197236 Loom Temple 197374 Braiding Machbe 197548 Washing Machbe, Wool Rbsbg 197732 Loom, Hair QoUi 197912 Wbding Machbe, Yam 198230 Braiding Machbe 198289 Basket 198440 Cloth Cutting Machbe, Hock 198463 Cloth Fbishbg Machbe 198555 Loom Hamess Mechanism 198696 Basket 198757 Knittbg Machbe, Straight 198787 Fabric Guiding Machbe 198876 Hat Stretchbg Machbe 198956 Wbding & Twistbg Machbe Stop Motion 199040 Spoolbg Machbe Bobbb Holder 199270 Felt Fabric Manufacturing, Ornamental

200034 Hat Blocking & Bandbg Machbe 200086 Loom Temple 200268 Reel 200299 Clothes Pb 200302 Cord Covering Machbe 200321 Speeder & Ry Frame Ryer 200503 Card PoUshbg & Fbishbg Machbe 200706 Bobbb & Spool 200745 Loom Shuttle 200814 Loom Temple 200965 Fabric, Tubular 201130 Spinnbg Machbe 201302 Spinnbg Rbg 201414 Spbdle Bobbb Socket 201424 Cottoi Opener & Qeaner 201629 Knittbg Machbe Yam Delivery 201763 Cop Tube 201802 Dynamometer, Test Yam Strength 201835 Tape Holder 201847 Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Step 201940 Cotton Battbg Makbg Machbe 202211 Plaitbg Machbe 202339 Loom Hamess 202448 Spbdle, SUk 202529 Hat Pouncbg Machbe 202549 Spoolbg Machbe 202550 Doublbg & Twistbg Machbe

Inventor

Kitson, Richard Bancroft, WiUiam BrowneU, Charles E. Clearwater, Edwb F. Springbom, Herrman Amold, Andrew R. Shinn, John McGovem, Peter Schon. Hebrich Graham, Edmund H.

Megson, John Eickemeyer, RudoU BuzzeU, John P. Catlow, Robert Draper. George Stone, Joseph M. Oldfield. Edwb Higgbs. Charles J. Wright. Daniel James. George F. HaU, Benjamb Kenyon, Martb R. Warburton, Howgate G. Whelan, Frank Fox, Abraham WUcox, Elijah Leach, WiUiam WUber, Isaac L. Sickler, Jacob W Tiffany, EU Birch, WUliam Eickemeyer, RudoU Smith, Dexter Doak, Horace DaUy, Parley A.

Eickemeyer, RudoU Pearson, Robert P. EUiott. Sarah A. Hotchkiss. Seymour L. Huppelsberg. Friedrich W. Macomber. WiUiam C Buckton, WiUiam Fay, Rimmon C MUls, Guy C Allen, Nicholas I. Baker, SeUi W. Stanley, James C Trowbridge, Charles E. Hastbgs, Watson F. Kitson, Richard Paul, Archibald Essex, Jeremiah Lee, Mark Rice, Eliakim Steele, WiUiam M. Norton, John L. WUson, James E. Emmons, Thomas A. Martb, EUsha J. Eickemeyer, RudoU Kershaw, Thomas Kershaw, Thomas

Year

1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877

1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1877 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878

1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878

NUMBER 49 135


202664 202(n2 202675 202766 202900 202929 203139 203142 203143 203183 203195 203244 203355 203401 203572 203632 203653 203683 203754 203857 203895 204213 204426 204495 204523 204546 204717 204801 204832 204951

205246 205281 205307 205355 205638 205794 206068 206155 206168 206192 206651 206718 207739 207796 207912 208774 208920 209049 209106 209152 209199 209229 209286 209317 209318 209376 209419 209489 209714 209727 209786 209799 209805

Loan Shutde Bobbb Wool & Cotton Separator Loom Picker Staff Strap Fiber Makbg Machbe Cloth Cutting Machbe Loom Shutde Bobbb Loom Picker Embroiderbg Machbe Embroidering Machbe Loom, Circular Embroiderbg Machbe Spinnbg Mule Wbder Regulator Fullbg MiU Cotton Bale Tie Loom Shutde Motion Spinnbg Machbe Loom Shuttle Spinnbg Rbg Spinnbg Bobbb, Mohair Net Makbg Machbe Loom Ccaie Pick Loom Picker Knittbg Machbe Cam Braid Holder Braid or Ribbon Clasp Carpet Loom Shuttle Attachment Spoke Throatbg Machbe Spinnbg Rbg & Traveler Cotton Condenser

Bobbb Cloth Finishbg Machbe Warpbg Machbe Basket Carpet Loom Shuttle Box Motion Loom Shutde Motion, Wire Qoth Spinnbg Rbg Holder Hat Stretchbg Machbe Washbg Machbe, Wool Cloth Cuttbg Machbe Cloth Pressing Machbe Loom Picker Plaitbg Machbe Fabric Measureing Sc Markbg Machbe Spbdle Sc Bobbb Spool Cloth Cuttbg Machbe Cotton G b Rope Makbg Machbe FuUbg MUl Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle FuUbg MUl Measuring Attachment Disbtegrating Stalks of Hops Spinnbg Mule Spinnbg Mule Rag Picker Lag Loom Temple Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Bearing Loom Shuttle Box Motion Spinnbg Ryer Lock Crocheting Machbe Loom Hamess Fabric, Nap or Plush

Porter, Roger W. Slater, John Y. Stone, Edward S. Summers, Lucius P. Warth, Albb BuzzeU. John P Gordon, Albert A. Grobli, Isaac Grobli, Isaac Morris, Henry GrobU, Isaac Colbrook, Charles H. Mase. WiUard H. Batde, Curran Widmer. Jacob Mackie, James B. Schurheck. Charles J. Wheat. Franklb H. MitcheU. Tom Squire, WUbur J. Davis, HUas D. GrUley, Charles T. Denzler, Frederick Lyon,John C Barrows, WUliam E. Duckworth, idtm C Doherty, WiUiam A. Cramer, George Lamphear, Edwb T. Cook, Emanuel

Crowley, John D. Marble, Edwb Shaw, Lorenzo Cole, Isaac J. Hardwick, Harry Goodyear, Robert B. Asbach, Joseph Watties, Joseph W Eickemeyer, RudoU Pendleton, Frank Warth, Albb Gessner. Emest Holbrook, Albert Bradley, MUtcai Talcott, Samuel C Wait, Oscar E. Muehling, Alexander HuU, James B. Binns, Leedham Amold, Alonza C Stanley, James C Claric, Theodore W. Nordlbger, Isaac D. Baldwin, Eben A. Baldwin, Eben A. Belser, James H. Pearson, Robert P. Macomber, WiUiam C Renwick, Henry B. Thorwarth, John B. Young, Charles CroweU, John H. GoodaU, Thomas

1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878

1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878


ent

210222 210292 210357 210358 210565 210670 210678 210736 210770 210869 210930 210977 211126 211186 211215 211217 211218 211243 211444 211718 211903 212025 212102 212120 212202 212280 212670 212707 212725 212779 212790 212888 212893 212933 213031 213196 213207 213208 213876 214155 214156 214163 214256 214308 214317 214355 214356 214447 214506 214522 214750 214788 214794 214901

215142 215239 215396 215464 215654 215935 215990 215995

bvention

Cardbg Cylbder RoUer Loom Shutde Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Burring Machbe Loom Shuttle Box Mechanism Cotton Condenser Loom, Leno Hat Pinnbg Out Stretcher Frbge Cotton Opener & Qeaner Bobbb Loom Shuttle Box Motion Card Settbg Machbe Washing Machbe Loom Weft Fork Spbdle Bearbg Loom Shuttle Fourdrinier Wire Qoth Loom, Power Drawing Frame Loom, Circular Cardbg Machbe Drivbg Mechanism Loom Reed Knittbg Machbe Loom Temple Spinnbg Machbe Top RoUer Loom Shuttle Mechanism Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Spinnbg Machbe Scissors & Shears Wbding Machbe, Yam Thread Spool Tension Device Spbdle Drivbg Mechanism Loom Shuttle, MetaUic Rovbg Frame Ryer Loom Shutde Loom Sheddbg Mechanism Card Clothing Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Cotton Press Cotton Bale Band Tightener Knittbg Machbe Loom Shutde Spbdle Drivbg Mechanism Spbdle Drivbg Mechanism Loom Temple Burr RoU Loom Knittbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle & Bearbg Plaitbg Machbe Lappbg Machbe Spinnbg Machbe, Hemp

Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Warper Loom Temple Spinnbg Machbe RoUer Cotton Gb Saw Qeaning Attachment Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle Spoolbg Guide Doublbg & Wbdbg Machbe

Inventor Year

Pendleton, Frank P. Briggs, Henrick P. Rabbeth, Francis J. Rabbeth, Francis J. Sargent, Frederick G. Colvb. Stephen Donovan, John T. Aldred, Thomas Eickemeyer, RudoU MoU, August EUis, Harvey Wait, Oscar E. Barker, John RusseU, James Bennett, Ethan Brabard, Benjamb Buttrick, Charles G. Leary, Michael Van Houten, Comeluis E>uckworth, John C Grayson, Henry C MarshaU, Chester P. MaUison, George Adamson, Edward Dow, Josiah Stamour, John B. Fenton, Hiram C Kane, Charles I. MiUer, Joseph A. Wrigley, Thomas Clarice, AUred Boyd, John Burgess, Richard 0. Herrick, Charles E. Beatty, WiUiam Hazard, George J. Kane, Charles J. Kenison, Orrb W. Cunnbgham, Herman E. Johnston, John Johnston, John Matthews, James H. Logue, Francis M. Nelson, John Roberts, Thomas E. Braunsdorf, Julius E. Braunsdorf, Julius E. Prouty, Joel Hunt, Robert H.H. Pepper, WUliam H. Birkenhead, John Pause, Friedrich Stafford, James Furst, Michael

Mayor, Thomas Plummer, Richard H. Quackenboss, PhUip P. KeUy, Robert Mulkey, George H. KeUy, Dennis SuUivan, ComeUus Unsworth, Thomas

1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1878 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879

1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879

NUMBER 49 137

Patent ent

215999 216125 216245 216485 216508 216782 216839 216947 216986 216987 217186 217193 217207 217247 217354 217389 217520 217569 217572 217589 217769 218012 218074 218279 218323 218428 218797 218823 218849 218969 219159 219259 219561 219801 219963

220079 220130 220158 220336 220357 220362 220541 220579 220587 220659 220733 220847 220931 220946 221159 221191 221237 221268 221415 221431 221576 221772 221799 222273 222330 222363 222366

Invention

Carpet Knittbg Machbe Cloth Cutting Machbe Reel, Rope Loom Shuttle Box Mechanism Jacquard Card Punchbg Machbe Cop Tube Loom Shutde Motion Felted Fabric Manufacture Spinnbg Frame, Rbg Spool Yam Inkbg Machbe Warpbg Machbe. Yam SUk Qeanbg Apparatus Knittbg Machbe Spinnbg Frame. Rbg Cotton Press Knittbg Machbe, Straight Basket Loom. Dobby Wbdbg Machbe. Yam Loom Loom Temple, Tubular Fabric Spinnbg Frame Stop Motion Twister, Wire Bobbb Spinnbg Machbe, Rope Combbg Machbe, Wool Spinnbg Mule & Jack Loom, Straw Mattbg Loom Shutde Cotton Qeanbg Machbe Hat Hangbg Machbe Caipet Rag Looper Fabric Dampbg Apparatus

Spinnbg Machbe Loom, Fringe Spinnbg Machbe Spbdlle Cotton G b Feeder Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle & Bearbg Loom Shuttle Spbdle Cotton Bale Band Tybg Machbe Loan Spbdle Band Tension Indicator Loom Shuttle Washing Machbe, Wcx)l Skivbg Machbe Loom, Fringe Spinnbg Machbe Drawing Step Mechanism Loom Shuttle Spbdle Loom Shuttle Box Mechanism Spoolbg Machbe Thread Guide Loom Shuttle Cotton Qeanbg Machbe Fabric Guide & Delivering Machbe Wbding Machbe, Yam Warpbg Machbe, Expandbg Reed ChenUle Cuttbg Machbe Spinnbg Frame Washing Machbe, Skebs Cotton G b

Inventor Year

WaUace, WUUam Aiken, Walter Warth, Albb Mason, Alvb C Burton, Joseph Cr(»npton, George Essex, Jeremiah Cuthburt, George Waite, Enoch WatUes, Joseph W Woodbury, SeUi H. Archibald, John Gibson, Everett G. Swift, WUliam B. Essick, Samuel Lanphear, Edwb T. Farley, Robert Aiken, Walter BaUou, Elmer Crompton, George Boyd, John GiUespie, James E. Simon, Gottlieb F. Knowles, J.Henry Sedgwick, Isham CarroU, WUliam T Todd, Joseph C MetcaUe, Samuel Abbott, John HUton, WUliam Johnstcxi, Jdin Hasie, Montague S. Yule, George Clements, David Mather, William

Locke, Harvey Cremerieux, Balthazard Lanphear, Edwb T. Brown, Israel F. Duffy, Joseph Eaton, Isaac Matthews, James H. CottreU. Jesse D. Draper. WiUiam F. Roberts. Adna B. Sargent. Frederick D. Langmaid, Charles E. McDonald, Laurence J. Saunders, Benjamb Dawson, Patrick C Richardson, OrviUe P. Knowles, Lucius J. Atwood, John E. MUler, Henry J. Thom, Joseph W. Kerr, James Boyd, John EntwisUe, TUomas C Havers, Robert G. Taft, Gustavus E. Morlot, George Reid, Henry N.

1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879

1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879


Patent Invention bventor Year

222401 Knitting Machbe, Straight 222410 Cotton Opener 222527 Fabric Qeaning, Starch 222619 Knittbg Machbe, Straight 222844 Paper Box Making Machbe 222937 Knittbg Machbe, Toy 223223 Cloth Stampbg Machbe 223261 Silk Beatbg & Washbg Machbe 223393 Washing Machbe, Wool 223534 Loom, Tubular Fabric 223544 Cloth Cutting Knife 223710 Knittbg Machbe, Circular 223721 Cotton Gb 223748 Spinnbg Machbe 223801 Bobbb Fastener, Yam 223865 Spinnbg Machbe 223974 Loom Reed 223976 Loom Temple 223998 Loom 224046 Knittbg Machbe, Circular 224058 Rope Twistbg Machbe 224170 Paper From Pbe Leaves Process 224201 Plaiting Machbe 224216 Spinnbg Machbe Spbdle 224344 Spinnbg Frame, Rbg 224428 Combbg Machbe 224438 ChenUle 224545 Picker Lag 224700 Spinnbg Machbe 224790 Loom Shuttle Spbdle 224797 Loom Heddle 224949 Printing, CaUco & Fabric

225031 Cloth Cutting Machbe 225115 Loom Shuttle Box, Drop 225181 Spinnbg Frame Spbdle 225217 Thread Qeaner 225323 Saw Table, Adjustbg 225673 Loom Shutde 225852 Loom, Jacquard 226041 Hat Pressbg Machbe 226126 Spinnbg Machbe Yam Guide 226242 Spinnbg Rbg & Holder 226309 Cordage Machbe 226332 Combbg Machbe 226594 Loom. Tubular Fabric 226903 Loom Heddle 227002 Drawing Frame Stop Mechanism 227003 Drawing Frame Stop Mechanism 227063 CottcMi Gb 227198 Thread DoubUng Machbe 227241 Fabric 227494 Cloth Cutting Machbe 227671 Cardbg Machbe Reece Divider 227940 Cordage Machbe 227964 Braid Holder 228050 Loom 228191 Loom Sheddbg Mechanism 228233 Button Makbg Machbe 228248 Basket. Frait 228256 Loom Temple 228309 Fabric Creasbg Machbe, Fluted 228346 Loom Temple

Hitchcock, Marcena Kitson, Richard Palmer, Isaac E. Young, Charles H. Simmons, Adolphus J. Newcomb, James W. Gibson, Everett G. Urbahn, AlwUl Sargent, Frederick G. Pont, Addie M. Rubensteb, Nathan Cornfield, Solomon EUis, Washbgton L. MitcheU, Tom Cumnock, James W. Schock, Henry Adamson, Edward Allen, Nicholas Crompton, George Shaw, Benjamb F. Van Houten, Cornelius Fulton, Charles Maybee, M. Addie Noble, George H. Mayor, Thomas Duncommum, Paul Hupplesburg, Frederick W. Jones, Josiah N. Keislbg, Samuel MorrUl, George E. Schopp, Eduard Prang. Louis

Warth, Albb Doerbg. Justus Taft. Gustavus E. Fbigan. Thomas Bennett, John WUlis, Newiel J. Miesch, John Cumbg, Mari A. StaiUey, James E. Morse, Cyras B. HaU, James LitUe, George Cady, Henry W. CroweU, John H. Hayden. Daniel W Hayden. Daniel W. Scattergood. Charles F. Atwcx)d. John E. Fyfe. Alexander M. Crotte, Joanny Bolette. Jean S. Wbchester, Gilman Deane, WaUer P. Ragg, J. MeUedge Halcroft, Henry Wade, WUliam W. CrandaU, Hosea B. Hardaker, John Brosemann, Ernst HamUton, Edward

1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1879 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880

1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880

NUMBER 49 139

Patent ent

228372 228580 228589 228809 228837 229487

230122 230306 230509 230533 230591 230703 231042 231288 231380 231748 231773 231809 232021 232319 232330 233043 233112 233267 233388 233551 233555 233629 234521 234897

235661 236110 236278 236698 237106 237896 238492 238538 238972 239011 239012 239065 239169 239467

240645 241851 242084 242736 244041 244580 245362 245856 245878 246230 246637 247126 247522 247944 248392 248719

Invention

Loom, Gauze Locan Heddle Loon, Circular Spinnbg Machbe Ryer Locan Shutde Knittbg Machbe, Mattress

Suspender Strap Webbbg Spbdle Support, Ring Spoolbg Machbe Thread Guide Knittbg Machbe Thread Guide Loom, Jacquard Cloth Stretchbg Machbe Loom Shuttle Lcxan Shuttle Spoolbg Machbe Yam Guide Loom, Tubular Fabric Loan Shutde Spbdle Loom Temple, SeU Actbg Spinnbg Waste Prevention LcKxn Shutde Motion SUk Reel Loom Temple Bobbb Wbdbg Machbe Loom Heddle Loom Shuttle Spbdle Loom Shuttle Motion Loom Picker Staff Check Fabric, Hat Sweat Band Loom Spbdle Support Mechanism

Loom Shuttle Motion Loom Jacquard Machbe Knittbg Machbe, Circular Loom Hamess Coatbg Process Wbdbg Machbe, Yam Spinnbg Machbe Loom Reed Loom Shutde, Wire Cloth Loom Shutde, Wire Cloth Loom Shutde, Wire Cloth Picker, Waste Knittbg Machbe, Circular Loom Temple, RoUer

Bag, Woven Spinnbg Machbe RoUer Stand Felt Fabric, Imitate Seal Skb Pobtbg Fur Hat Blocking & Shaping Machine Rope Makbg Machbe, Straw FuUbg MUl Twisting Machbe Spinnbg Sc Doublbg Machbe, SUk Loom Shuttle Loom Shuttle Cotton Prepared For Transportation Spbdle Bearbg Embroiderbg Machbe Plaiting Machbe Knittbg Machbe Attachment

Inventor Year

McLean, Andrew Ziegler, George BaU, Albert Foss, John F. Smith, Julian K. Towsend, Matthew

Fryer, John 0. Mason, WiUiam Trafton, Charles G. Dennett, Alpheus A. UhUnger, WUliam R Holt, Robert Holmes, WiUiam Eaton, Isaac Upton, George W D. Amold, EUjah Doe, George W. Hardaker, John Gamett, Walter Weber, Theodore A. Brcx)ks, Samuel Stramour, John B. Paul, Archibald Maerteus, EmUe WUliams, Henry A. Ross, Lester E. SartweU, WiUiam E. Lanstrom, Rebhold Bigsby, Arthur L. WatUes, Joseph W.

Weber, Theodore A. Thomas, Samuel Talbot, WUliam Blacklock, John Gibbs, WUliam H. Parker, Samuel Deal, Haslum A. Stewart, Thomas Sawyer, Caleb K. Wright, George F. Wright, George F. Sargent, Frederick G. Huse, Warren D. Draper, George

Bemsteb, Samuel Essex, Jeremiah Waring, John Abraham, Benjamin Eickemeyer. RudoU Gardner. John Eickemeyer. RudoU Murray, WUliam Seymour, Francis Sohn, John W. Rigby, John SmiUi. WiUiam H. Sunley, James C Nida, Charles Berrien, Leonard B. Denton, James

1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880

1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880 1880

1880 1880 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881

1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881 1881



248795 249289 249988

250485 251072 251118 251815 255501 255519 257057 257198 258947 260589 261415 262436 262467 266147 266361 268149 270749 272561 272762 276606 277074 284208 285767 286460 287808 289582 289731 293363 296377

301824 304178 333819 335208 342988 346673 353433 353869 354711 354767 356836 357226 358452 359862 360432 360482 361360 363900 365755 366198 369276 371563 371572 377421 379033 382157 388425 388682 393958

Knittbg Machbe Spinnbg & Doublbg Machbe Loom Shutde

Cotton Gb Saw FUbg Machbe Cotton Gb Feeder Cord, Rope & Band Making Machbe Spbdle, Twister Frame ChenUle Fringe Cardbg Machbe Feedbg Device Loom Temple Spinnbg Machbe, Rbg Cloth Stretching Machbe Omamentbg Fur & Other Goods Knittbg Machbe Take Up Loom Heddle Knittbg Machbe ChenUle Manufacturing Loom Shutde Motion Tapestry, Needle Woven Chair Seat Knittbg Machbe Clothes Pb Lap Forming Machbe SUk Doublbg Machbe Cotton Pres Loom, Moquetie Carpet Spinnbg Mule Windbg on Mechanism Stocking, Felted Woolen Fabric, Figured Loom Stocking Manufacture Spbdile Drivbg Mechanism

CheniUe Fringe Knittbg Machbe Spinnbg Frame, Rbg Spinnbg Machbe Fabric Manufacture, Paper Fabric Manufacture, Woven Frbge Manufacture, Woven Carpet, Imitation Turkish Cloth. Oil Cloth Waste Use Fabric, Figured Woven Fabric, Woven Spinnbg Cap Step Frbge Manufacture, Netted Fabric, Multiple Ply Fabric, Elastic Carpet, Ingrab Fabric, Woven Carpet, Color Clothes Pb India Mattbg Fabric, Seersucker Knittbg Machbe Carpet, Ingrab, Three Ply Bobbb Winder, Automatic Frbge, CheniUe Carpet Basket Carpet Loom Shuttle

Rist, Joel W Bastow, John Pratt, Charies T

Barron, Thomas J. Sterritt, Joseph James, George F. Bancroft, Joseph B. Graham, John C Lemaire, Jean T. Noble, WUliam H. WorraU, John F. Upham, Frederick Mayer, Amalia Abel, WUUam H. Lairdieson, John L. Parr, James A. Hensel, George F. Greenway, John TUUnghast, Mary E. Comstock, Issac D. Leighton, George A. Perkins, Richard B. Lemaire, Jean T. Sbgleton, George Ivens, Edmund M. Skinner, Halcyon McConneU, WiUiam Davis, WUbur Urbahn, AlwiU Urbahn, AlwiU SchiUbg, Edward Atwood,John

McDonald, Lawrence J. Cooley, Traman Bourcart, Jean J. Bourcart, Jean J. Wyman, Charles P. MitcheU, Abraham Stebecke, Samuel Kohn, Alois Lance, WiUiam L. Brown, WUUam Hoult, Cyras Pickford. George Jackson, Charles W. Hardwick, Harry Green, Jr., Joseph Read, Frederick Hunt, Robert H.H. Marchetli, Giulio Moore, Solon E. BickneU, George J. Cumncx;k, John Esty, WiUiam Folsom, James L. BeU, Cari Schmidt, Christian A. Hardwick, Harry Litde, EUzabeth N. Humphries, John Bardsley, Henry

1881 1881 1881

1881 1881 1881 1882 1882 1882 1882 1882 1882 1882 1882 1882 1882 1882 1882 1882 1883 1883 1883 1883 1883 1883 1883 1883 1883 1883 1883 1884 1884

1884 1884 1886 1886 1886 1886 1886 1886 1886 1886 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 1887 1888 1888 1888 1888 1888 1888

NUMBER 49 141

ent

395242 395462 397240 398812

402844 407078 409931 410839 411040 413534 413746 416052 416225 418412 419395 419516 420269 426152 427700 427719 429378 432763 435445 435719 436529 438064 438065 438202 443095 451438 451743 457288 459325 465045 472215 472216 474883 477205 480855 483078 483977 484537 487352 491434 491693 493093 494380 494669 497294

505203 509138 512694 514809 518458 522555 524321 533690 539699 543747 546639 546677

Invention

Fabric, Terry Fabric, Figured Fiber From Pbe Needles Thimble, Broom Makers

Fabric, Corded or Elastic Loom Heddle Frame Fabric, CheniUe Elastic Webbbg Fabric, Woven Fabric, Satb Faced Spinnbg Frame Kink Arrester Twbe Fabric, Woven Carpet Fabric, Elastic Carpet Carpet or Upholstered Fabric Cloth, Ornamental Fabric, Machbe Beltbg Bobbb, Ranged Clothes Dryer Carpet, Moquette Fabric, Napped Cotton Fabric, Excelsior Carpet, Moquette & Wilton Carpet, Ingrab, Two Ply Fabric, Two Ply Fabric, UmbreUa Carpet, Ingrab Hemp Brake and Qeaner Fabric, Double Faced Plush Carpet, Ingrab Feed RoUer Bobbb Caipet, Ingrab Fabric, Woven Fabric, Woven Prbtbg & Embossbg Fabric Fabric, Woven Fabric, Figured Woven Fabric, Double Faced PUe Fabric, Woven Guidbg Edges of Textile Webs Bobbb Wbdbg Machbe Fabric, PUe QuUl Wbder Braidbg Machbe Carrier Felted Woolen Net Undergarment Carpet, Ingrab

Loom Shuttle Fabric, PUe Fabric, Seamless Figured Fabric, CheniUe Dye, Blue Fabric, Woven Fabric, Woven Carpet Dye, Blue Dye, Black Azo Drawing RoUer Loom Shutde Thread Tension

Inventor Year

Leake, Frank Taylor, Thomas Latimer, WiUiam Albert, Daniel W.

Lapworth, WUliam Ladd, Calvb Crabtrce, James Lamb, EUjah Kerr, David B. MorreU, Richard B. Wilmarth, Thomas D. Clark, Benjamb P. Kerr, David B. Jagger, Joseph Woodward. Albert C Gray. WiUiam Griffith. Jr.. Goldsborough S. Unger, Herrman Maddox. Joshua P. WUson. Joshua FuUer. Benjamb F. Patterson, Robert F. Ott, Frederick Adams, James A. Loynd, Richard B. Doman, Thomas B. Doman, Thomas B. Takaki, Samro Keefer, WUUam B. Shely, John D. Tonnar, Felix Patterson, Hugh Whiuiey, Baxter D. Keene, Samuel D. Harvey, George H. Harvey, George H. Urbahn, AlwUl Farmer, James McCaUum, Irvbg Morton, Alexander Coley, Joseph Marsden, Luther H. Scholfield, Joseph J. Marshall, Charles S. Webb, Albert Jones, Corry McCahey, John Clement, Ferdband J.H. Acheson, Samuel J.

Keeley, John W. Raab, Josef Giffb, Robert K. Binns, Leedham Krekeler, Karl Connell, Walter G. Hardwick, Harry WhittaU, MatUiew J. Moeller, Max Moeller, Max Campbell. Robert G. Owen, Heriaert W

1888 1889 1889 1889

1889 1889 1889 1889 1889 1889 1889 1889 1889 1889 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1890 1891 1891 1891 1891 1891 1892 1892 1892 1892 1892 1892 1892 1892 1892 1893 1893 1893 1893 1893 1893

1893 1893 1894 1894 1894 1894 1894 1895 1895 1895 1895 1895


Patent £nt

547608 548747 550093 556705 559306 563455 567286 568206 568207 568319 569862 570174 574023 574387 576356 578592 578742 579164 585385 585626 588301 589720 591370 593550 593997 596267 597672 598480 599191 599860 599861

600053 600692 605783 609031 609450 610742 611104 617772 621522 621641 622237 624123 625033 630573 631310 633496 639518 648567 665384 666253 683190 683340 684318 685524 687636 699019

701775 710767 731433 731715

bvention

Fabric, PUe Carpet, Ingrab Fabric, Knit, Abdombal Support Loom Shuttle Loom Shutde, SeU Threadbg Loom Shutde Fabric, Figured Loom Shuttle. Self Threadbg Loom Shutde, SeU Threadbg Loom Shuttle, SeU Threadbg Loom Shuttle, SeU Threadbg Bag. Woven Carpet Fabric. Multiple Ply Cop & Cap Wbdbg Apparatus Card Clothing Fabric Fabric. Woven Carpet or Smyrna Rug Fabric. Stiffenbg Fabric, SlUfenbg Garment Edgbg Loom Shuttle. SeU Threadbg Cloth Guidbg Machbe Design Transfer Method Fabric. Woven Fabric. Tubular Loom Shuttle, SeU Threadbg Rope, Omamental Loom Shuttle, SeU Threadbg Loom Shutde, SeU Threadbg

Loom Knittbg Machbe Needle Fabric, Woven Stocking, Elastic Weavbg Needle Carpet, bgrab. Two Ply Fabric. Double Plush Fabric, Colored Design Carpet. Ingrab ChenUle Fabric, Woven Carpet Thread, CeUuloid Manufacture Fabric Fabric, Spangled Garment Edge Protection Fabric, Double Faced Carpet, Ingrab Spbdle Bobbb Holder Fabric, Woven Dye, Brown & Process Fabric, Figured Double PUe Loom Shuttle Fabric, Woven bsoles Feh, Metal Lace, Representbg Moziac Work

Jacquard Card Loom Weft Stop Fabric, PUe Reed, Paper

Inventor

Hope, Herbert J. Doman, Thomas B. Bennett, Charies F. Stimpson, Edward S. O'ConneU, Patrick L Daudelb, Jean B. Zimmerman, John Northrop. James H. Northrop, James H. Northrop, James H. Draper, WiUiam F. Knight, Jesse A. Doman, Thomas B. Buckler, James WardweU, Jr., Simon W. Ashworth, EUjah Heald, AUred McAuliffe, Thomas Homig, Gottfried Hirsch, Nathan Warren, Edward K. Haase, Henry Draper, George O. SchoUield, Joseph J. Fish, WUUam R. Honsch, Carl F. Fittz, WUliam B. Northrop, James H. Oehrle, Franklin W. Nason, Joseph H. Nason, Joseph H.

Crompton, Charles Huke, Herman Heald, Alfred Kendrick, Arthur B. Morris, Edmond Hardwick, Harry Claviez, EmU Rettig, Fritz Doman, Thomas B. Engstfeld, Ernst Kerr, James E. Stevenson, John Hoyne, James F. SmiUi, Robert R. Kursheedt, Alphonse Weber, Aaron M. CaldweU, James Keefer, WUliam B. Deeley, James S. Aeberli, WUUam TaggeseU, Richard Schwartz, RudoU Sergeson, James C McUwab, WUliam Koch, Kari Saunier, Ermans E.

Szczepaink, Jan Fair, George Ccxakson, Richard S. Shaw, Frank J.

Year

1895 1895 1895 1896 1896 1896 1896 1896 1896 1896 1896 1896 1896 1897 1897 1897 1897 1897 1897 1897 1897 1897 1897 1897 1897 1897 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898

1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1898 1899 1899 1899 1899 1899 1899 1899 1899 1899 1899 1900 1901 1901 1901 1901 1901 1901 1901 1902

1902 1902 1903 1903

NUMBER 49 143

ent

736500 755561 761554 775589 780231 781349 788162 788937 823626 838350 920828 950435

Invention

Loom Shutde, Automatic Threadbg Loom Shutde, Hand Threading Fabric, Woven Loom Shutde Loom Shutde, SeU Threadbg Fabric, Tubular Spinnbg Machbe Loom Shutde Loom Shuttle, SeU Threadbg CeUulose Derivative & Process CeUulose Process Proteo CeUulosic Process

Inventor Year

Cumnock, Robert L. Brown, David Stevenson, WiUiam M. Welton, James E. Sackett, Charles E. Moore, George D. Mathewson, Arthur L. Nason. Joseph H. Northrop. Jonas MUes. George W. Cross, Frederick Chavassieu, Henri L.

1903 1904 1904 1904 1905 1905 1905 1905 1906 1906 1909 1910

Glossary

ASSIGNEE. A person or organization to whom patent rights are transferred to by the inventor. This often happens when an inventor is working for a company that requires him to apply for the patent and then transfer his patent rights to his employer.

CALICO. A general term used for plain cotton cloth of a coarse quality, e.g., coarser than muslin. It was not until the end of the 18th century that calico came to mean the lowest quality of printed cloth.

CARD. A rectangular wooden implement covered with wire teeth used in pairs to card fibers by hand (see CARDING).

CARDING. An operation, prior to spinning, in which fibers (usually wool) are disentangled by the brushing action of two closely spaced "toothed" surfaces, which loosely align the fibers into a roll (see SLIVER).

COMBING. The process of straightening and making parallel fibers of equal lengths in preparation for spinning into yarn. Any impurities and short fibers are removed by combs, in combination with brushes and rollers.

COR A tapered cylinder of yarn used to fill the loom shuttle. COTTON WHIPPER. A machine that cleans cotton by beating

or whipping the uncleaned cotton with rotating spikes causing foreign matter to fall out and clumps of cotton to separate.

DOCTOR. Blade on a printing machine that removes surplus ink or coloring matter from the printing cylinder.

FANCY POWER LOOM. A loom that operates by mechanical means rather than by hand power and produces cloth with an overall woven pattern.

FLYER. An inverted U-shaped metal guide, the center of which is attached to the tip of the spindle, typically on a spinning machine. The yarn is twisted by the rotation of the arm (guide) around the bobbin.

GINGHAM. A plain-woven cotton cloth consisting of two or more colors that form simple checks, plaids, or stripes.

HAIR CLOTH. Cloth constructed of a weft of hair from the mane or tail of a horse and a warp of cotton or linen. The fabric was once popular for upholstering furniture.

HARNESS. The part of a loom consisting of the frame and heddles by which the shedding motion is accomplished (see SHEDDING).

HEDDLE. A cord, wire, or thin flat steel strip wilh an eye near the center, through which a warp end is drawn. Heddles make up the harnesses that control the shedding action of the loom.

JACKS. An intermediate level on a straight knitting machine that transmits motion to the sinkers.

KNOTTED COUNTERPANE. A bed cover woven of cotton with a raised decorative pattern.

LET-OFF. A mechanism for controlling the motion of a loom that releases warp yarns from the warp beam during weaving (see TAKE-UP).

NAPPING. A finishing process used in raising a fibrous surface or nap from the basic structure of the fabric, usually woolen. This process is also called teazling or gigging.

PICKER. A machine used in fiber preparation to remove foreign matter and break apart die matted cotton or wool.

ROVING. A long, loose, and continuous strand consisting of wool or cotton fibers that have a slight twist. Also the process of preparing the fibers for spinning into yarn.

SATINET A woven cloth made with a cotton warp and a woolen filling.

SH EARING MACHINE. A machine, used in cloth finishing, that cuts uneven thread from the face of the cloth in order to achieve a uniform height.

SHED. In weaving, the opening between the warp threads through which the shuttle passes and inserts the filling.

SHEDDING. The operation of producing a shed. SHUTTLE. A device that carries the filhng yarn through the

shed in the process of weaving. There are different types of shuttles. A typical shutde is a hollow wooden boat-shaped device that contains a bobbin wound with filling yarn.

SHUTTLE-TONGUE. A slender metal rod in the center cavity of the shuttle upon which the filling yarn is wound.

SLAY or SLEY The number of warp ends per inch in cloth. Its meaning has been extended to include "high sley" denoting a cloth with a large number of warp threads per inch.

SLUBBING. The relatively thick, slightly twisted strands of fibers ready for spinning.

SLIVER. Continuous, loosely assembled fibers, in rope form, which lack twist. The process of carding produces fibers in this condition.

SPEEDER. A machine used in cotton yarn spinning that inserts a slight twist in the sliver and winds it on the bobbin. At this stage, the SLIVER is called ROVING.

SPINDLE. A slender, tapered metal rod that rotates, upon which are fitted spools, bobbins, etc., used in such processes as spinning, spooUng, or quilUng. Spindles can also be used to produce twist in yarn.

STOP MOTION MECHANISM. A device utilized on textile machines to halt them automatically if the material being processed (i.e., thread, roving, etc.) is broken or depleted.

144

NUMBER 49 145

STUFFER THREAD. Additional yarns used to increase the weight, firmness, or thickness of a fabric. The yarn can be used either as warp or weft

TAKE-UR A mechanism that controls the rate at which cloth is worund forward dming weaving.

TEAZLING. See NAPPING.

TEMPLES. Devices on each side of a loom frame designed to keep the cloth at a uniform widUi during weaving.

THROSTLE. A type of spinning or twisting frame developed in 1790 based on Richard Arkwright's waterframe of 1769. Arkwright (1732-1792), an Englishman, invented cotton spinning machinery using a continuous spinning method operated by water power.

TOW. Short coarse flax or hemp fibers that are separated from longer, finer fibers during hackling (a combing process). It is mosdy used for spinning into low grade yarn or twine.

WARP. Yarns running lengthwise in a woven fabric, parallel

to the selvage and interwoven with the WEFT.

WEFT The yarns of a woven fabric running from selvage to selvage at right angles to the warp. Also called "filling" or "woof."

References Consulted

Bumham, Dorothy K. Warp and Weft. Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, 1980. Cole, George S. Cole's Encyclopedia of Dry Goods. New York: R(X)t

Newspaper Association, 1900. Famfield, Carolyn A., editor. Textile Terms and Definitions. 7th edition.

Manchester: The TextUe bstitute, 1975. Higgbs, AUred, and Rudolph L. LaVault. A Comprehensive Dictionary of

Textile Terms. FaU River: Dover Press, 1948. Jeremy, David J. Transatlantic Industrial Revolution: The Diffusion of Textile

Technologies between Britain and America, 1790-1830s. North Andover: Merrimack VaUey TextUe Museum and Cambridge: The M.LT Press, 1981.

Wbgate, Isabel B. Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles. 6th edition. New York: FairchUd PubUcation, 1979.

Selected Bibliography

This bibliography is a combination of two subject areas, textile technology and information on patents. It is not intended to be all encompassing of the fields but rather a compilation of the literature relating to the period that is the subject of this catalog.

Of the materials listed in the bibliography, some were more helpful than others depending on their scope, content, and readability. To those unfamiliar with the patent literature, an advantageous beginning would be to read the section on patents and the National Archives in Eugene Ferguson's Bibliography of the History of Technology. Secondly, Nathan Reingold's article "U.S. Patent Office Records as Sources for the History of Invention and Technological Property" is valuable for his concise overview of the patent records in the National Archives.

Of all the journals researched, the Journal of the Franklin Institute proved to be the most useful in providing technical information for this catalog. The early volumes are particularly

important for their pre-1836 patent information; for certain patents, they are the only source of information. The four volumes of the Journal of the American Institute also contain useful technical information, and the reports of the fairs of die American Institute relate interesting details about different machines and inventors. Scientific American, although in general an important journal for technical information, is of limited value because it did not begin publication until 1845.

Other recommended publications include the Rays' book entided The Art of Invention: Patent Models and Their Makers, for its exquisite color photographs of patent models, and the Hagley Museum's catalog entitled Little Machines: Patent Models in the Nineteenth Century, written by Ferguson and Baer. The latter publication is suggested for its readable synopsis of the patent system and a selection of patent models in the museum. The Cooper-Hewitt Museum's catalog, American Enterprise: Nineteenth-Century Patent Models, is excellent for both its photographs and essays.

Bishop, J. Leander. A History of American Manufactures from 1608 to 1860. Third edition, 3 volumes. PhUadelphia: Edward Ycxing & Co., 1868.

Burke, Edmund, compUer. List of Patents for Inventions and Designs Issued by b e United States, from 1790 to 1847. Washbgton, D.C: J. Sc G.S. Gideon, 1847.

Calvert. Monte A. "The Technology of the Woolen Cloth Fbishbg Industries from Ancient Times to the Present, wilh Special Emphasis on American Developments 1790-1840, and the Processes of FuUbg, Nappbg and Shearing." Merrimack Valley Textile Museum Research Report, 1963. 89 pages.

Clark. Charles H. "John Thorp—^Inventor of Rbg Spinnbg." Transactions of the National Association of Cotton Manufactures, 124/125(1928):72-95.

Cole, Arthur H. The American Wool Manufacture. 2 volumes. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1926. [Reprbt New York and Evanston: Harper and Row, 1969.]

Ccxjper, Grace Rogers. The Sewing Machine: Its Invention and Development. Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1976.

Cooper-Hewitt Museum. American Enterprise: Nineteenth-Century Patent Models. New York: Smithsonian bstitution, 1984.

Dictionary of American Biography, volumes 1-20 (1928-1936). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.

Dood, KendaU J. "Patent Models and the Patent Law: 1790-1880 (Part I)." Journal of the Patent Office Society, volume 65 (April 1983), pages 187-216. . "Patent Models and b e Patent Law: 1790-1880 (Part II)." Journal of the Patent Office Society, volume 65 (May 1983), pages 234-274.

Early Unnumbered United States Patents 1790-1836. Woodbridge. Virgbia: Research Publications. Inc., 1980.

Ferguson. Eugene S. "Patents." In Bibliography of the History of Technology. pages 102-109. London: The Society for the History of Technology. and Cambridge: M.LT Press. 1968.

Ferguson, Eugene S., and Christopher Baer. Little Machines: Patent Models in the Nineteenth Century. GreenvUle: The Hagley Museum. 1979.

Frederico. P.J.. editor. "Outlbe of the History of the United States Patent Office." Journal of the Patent Office Society, volume 18 (July 1936), pages 5-251.

Gilroy, Qinton G. The Art of Weaving, by Hand and by Power. New York: George D. Baldwb, 1844.

Hayes, John L. American Textile Machinery. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Cambridge University Press, 1879.

Hitz, EUzabeth. "Technical and Busbess Revolution: American Woolens to 1832". Doctoral dissertation. New York University, 1978.

Hogan, Donald W "Unwanted Treasures of the Patent Office." American Heritage, volume 9, number 2 (Febmary 1958), pages 16-19,101-103.

Jeremy, David J. "Innovation b American TextUe Technology durbg the Early 19th Century." Technology and Culture, volume 14 (January 1973), pages 40-76. . Transatlantic Industrial Revolution: The Diffusion of Textile Technologies between Britain and America, 1790-1830s. North Andover, Massachusetts: Merrimack VaUey TextUe Museum, and Cambridge: The M.LT Press, 1981. . "bvention in American TextUe Technology durbg the Early Nbeteenth Century. 1790-1830." In Working Papers from the Regional Economic History Research Center, volume 5, number 4 (1982), pages 1-45.

Journal of the American Institute, volumes 1-4 (1836-1840). [No volume was published in 1839.]

Journal of the Franklin Institute, whole volumes 1-34 (1826-1842). [Whole volume numbers 5-30 (1828-1840) have dual numberbg as new series volumes 1-26; whole volume numbers 31 through 34 (1841-1842) have dual numberbg as third series volumes 1-4. The series volume numbers are cited herem.]

Lozier, John WiUiam. "Taunton and Mason: Cottcai Machbeiy and

146

NUMBER 49 147

Locomotive Manufacture b Taunton, Massachusetts, 1811-1861." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, 1978.

MacMurry, R.R. "Technological Change in the American Cotton Spbning Industry, 1790-1836." Doctoral dissertation. University of Permsyl-vania, PhUadelphia, 1970.

McMahon, Adrian M., and Stephanie A. Morris. Technology in Industrial America. The Committee on Science and the Arts of the Franklin Institute. 1824-1900. WUmbgton: Scholarly Resources, Inc., and PhUdelphia: The Franklb Institute, 1977.

Montgomery, James. A Practical Detail of the Cotton Manufacture of the United States of America.... Reprinted edition. New York and London: Johnson Reprbt Co., 1968. [Origbal edition 1840, Glascow: John Niven.]

Navm, Thomas R. The Whitin Machine Works Since 1831. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1950.

OdeU, Rice. "Patent Models RecaU Creativity of Early America." Smithsonian, volume 4, number 1 (AprU 1973), pages 58-65.

Paulauskas, James A., compUer. Additional Improvement Patents, 1837—1861. [Special Ust number 39 of The National Archives and Records Service.] Washbgton, D.C: General Services Admbistration, 1977.

Post, Robert C Physics, Patents and Politics. New York: Science History PubUcations, 1976.

Ray, WUliam and Marlys. The Art of Invention: Patent Models and Their Makers. Princeton: Pyne Press, 1974.

Rebgold, Nathan. "U.S. Patent Office Records as Sources for the History of

Invention and Technological Property.'' Technology and Culture. volume 1 (spring 1960), pages 156-167.

Riznik. Bames. "New England Wool-Cardbg and Fbishbg MUls. 1790-1840." Old Sturbridge Village Research Report. Sturbridge, Massachusetts: Old Sturbridge VUlage, 1964.

Scientific American, volumes 1-5 (1845-1850). Skinner, I.L., editor. The American Journal of Improvements in the Useful Arts,

and Mirror of the Patent Office in the United States, volume 1, number 1 (January, Febraary and March, 1828). Washington, D.C: WUliam Greer.

Subject Matter Index of Patents for Inventions Issued by the United States Patent Office from 1790-1873, Inclusive. 3 volumes ccanpUed and published under M.D. Leggett. Washbgton, D.C: U.S. Patent Office, 1874.

U.S. Patent Office. An Account of the Destruction by Fire of the North and West Halls of the Model Room in the United States Patent Office Building on the 24th of September 1877 together with a History of the Patent Office from 1790-1877. Washbgton, D.C: U.S. Patent Office, 1877.

United States Patents. MicrofUm, 1790-1906. New Haven: Research PubUcations, Inc.

Welsh, Peter C "United States Patents 1790 to 1870: New Uses for Old Ideas." United States National Museum Bulletin, 241, paper 48 (1965), pages 109-152.

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Legends for illustrations must be submitted at the end of the manuscript, with as many legends typed, double-spaced, to a page as convenient.

Illustrations must be submitted as original art (not copies) accompanying, but separate from, the manuscript. Guidelines for preparing art may be secured from Series Section, SI Press. Ail types of illustrations (photographs, line drawings, maps, etc.) may be intermixed throughout the printed text. They should be termed Figures and should be numbered consecutively as they will appear in the monograph. If several illustrations are treated as components of a single composite figure, they should be designated by lowercase italic letters on the illustration; also, in the legend and in text references the italic letters (underlined in copy) should be used: "Figure 9b." Illustrations that are intended to follow the printed text may be termed Plates, and any components should be similarly lettered and referenced: "Plate 9b." Keys to any symbols within an illustration should appear on the art rather than in the legend.

Some points of style: Do not use periods after such abbreviations as "mm, ft, USNM. NNE." Spell out numbers "one" through "nine" in expository text, but use digits in all other cases if possible. Use of the metric system of measurement is preferable; where use of the English system is unavoidable, supply metric equivalents in parentheses. Use the decimal system for precise measurements and relationships, common fractions for approximations. Use day/month/year sequence for dates: "9 April 1976." For months in tabular listings or data sections, use three-letter abbreviations with no periods: "Jan, Mar, Jun," etc. Omit space between initials of a personal name: "J.B. Jones."

Arrange and paginate sequentially every sheet of manuscript in the following order: (1) title page, (2) abstract, (3) contents, (4) foreword and/or preface, (5) text. (6) appendixes, (7) notes section. (8) glossary, (9) bibliography, (10) legends, (11) tables. Index copy may be submitted at page proof stage, but plans for an index should be indicated when manuscript is submitted.

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