xix

Abbreviations

Secondary Sources

ABD Anchor Bible Dictionary. Edited by D. N. Freedman. New

York: Doubleday,

ACNT Augsburg Commentaries on the New Testament

Acta Sanc. Acta Sanctorum. Edited by Johannes Bolland et al. Paris:

Victor Palme, –

ACW Ancient Christian Writers

AGJU Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des

Urchristentums

ANF Ante-Nicene Fathers

ANRW Aufsteig und Niedergang der römischen Welt. Edited by

H. Temporini and W. Haase. Berlin: de Gruyter, –

ANTF Arbeiten zur neutestamentlichen Textforschung

ANTC Abingdon New Testament Commentaries

AUSS Andrews University Seminary Studies

AYB Anchor Yale Bible

BDAG W. Bauer, W. F. Arndt, F. W. Gingrich, and F. W. Danker,

A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other

Early Christian Literature. Chicago: University of Chicago

Press,

BAGRW Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Edited by

Richard J. A. Talbert. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University

Press,

xx abbreviations

BDF F. Blass and A. Debrunner, A Greek Grammar of the New Testa-

ment and Other Early Christian Literature. Edited and translated

by R. W. Funk. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,

BETL Biblotheca Ephemeridum Th eologicarum Lovaniensium

BGU Aegyptische Urkunden aus den Königlichen Staatlichen Museen

zu Berlin, Griechische Urkunden. vols. Berlin: Weidmann,

–

Bib Biblica

BibInt Biblical Interpretation

BJS Brown Judaic Studies

BN Biblische Notizen

BNTC Black’s New Testament Commentaries

BR Biblical Research

BSac Bibliotheca Sacra

BTB Biblical Th eology Bulletin

BWANT Beiträge zur Wissenschaft vom Alten und Neuen Testament

BZNW Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche

Wissenschaft

CAM Civilization of the Ancient Mediterranean. Edited by

M. Grant and R. Kitzinger. New York: Scribner’s,

CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly

CBQMS Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monograph Series

CCCM Corpus Christianorum: Continuatio mediaevalis

CCSL Corpus Christianorum: Series latina

CIJ Corpus inscriptionum judaicarum

CIL Corpus inscriptionum latinarum

CIG Corpus inscriptionum graecarum. Edited by A. Boeckh.

vols. Berlin, –

CMRDM Corpus Monumentorum Religionis Dei Menis. Eugene N.

Lane. vols. Études préliminaires aux religions orientales

dans l’Empire romain. Leiden: Brill, –

ConBNT Coniectanea biblica: New Testament Series

CSCO Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium

DACL Dictionnaire d’archéologie chrétienne et liturgie. Edited by

F. Cabrol. vols. Paris, –

DJD Discoveries in the Judaean Desert

EDNT Exegetical Dictionary of the New Testament. Edited by H. Balz

and G. Schneider. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, –

abbreviations xxi

EDSS Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Edited by Lawrence H.

Schiff man and James C. VanderKam. New York: Oxford

University,

EKKNT Evangelisch-Katholischer Kommentar zum Neuen

Testament

EpAnat Epigraphica Anatolica

ESCJ Studies in Christianity and Judaism/Études sur le christian-

isme et le judaïsm

EstBib Estudios bíblicos

ESV English Standard Version

ETL Ephemerides theologicae lovanienses

FAT Forschungen zum Alten Testament

FC Fathers of the Church

FRLANT Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und

Neuen Testaments

GCS Griechische christliche Schriftsteller der ersten Jahrhunderte

GHG Gesenius Hebrew Grammar

Greek Anth. Th e Greek Anthology. Edited by W. R. Patton. vols. Loeb.

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: Heine-

mann, –

HNT Handbuch zum Neuen Testament

HNTC Harper’s New Testament Commentaries

HTR Harvard Th eological Review

HTS Harvard Th eological Studies

HvTSt Hervormde teologiese studies

ICC International Critical Commentary

Int Interpretation

ISBE International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Rev. ed.

Edited by G. W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans,

–

JBL Journal of Biblical Literature

JETS Journal of the Evangelical Th eological Society

JPTSup Journal of Pentecostal Th eology: Supplement Series

JRS Journal of Roman Studies

JSJ Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic, and

Roman Periods

JSJSup Journal for the Study of Judaism: Supplement Series

JSNT Journal for the Study of the New Testament

xxii abbreviations

JSNTSup Journal for the Study of the New Testament: Supplement

Series

JSOT Journal for the Study of the Old Testament

JSPSup Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha: Supplement

Series

JTS Journal of Th eological Studies

KJV King James Version

LCC Library of Christian Classics

LCL Loeb Classical Library

LIMC Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae. Edited by

H. C. Ackerman and J.-R. Gisler. vols. Zurich: Artemis,

–

LNTS Library of New Testament Studies

LSJ H. G. Liddell and R. Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon. Revised

by H. S. Jones. Oxford: Clarendon,

LuthW Luther’s Works. Edited by J. Pelikan and H. Lehman. Phila-

delphia: Fortress, –

MAAR Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome

MAMA Monumenta Asiae Minoris Antiqua. Edited by W. M. Calder

et al. Manchester: Manchester University Press, –

MeyerK H. A. W. Meyer, Kritisch-exegetischer Kommentar über das

Neue Testament

MHT J. L. Moulton, W. F. Howard, and N. Turner, A Grammar of

New Testament Greek. Edinburgh: Clark, –

MM J. H. Moulton and G. Milligan, Th e Vocabulary of the Greek

New Testament Illustrated from the Papyri. London: Hodder

& Stoughton,

NA E. Nestle, B. Aland, et al. Novum Testamentum Graece.

th ed. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft,

NAB New American Bible

NASB New American Standard Bible

NCBC New Century Bible Commentary

Neot Neotestamentica

NET New English Translation

NewDocs New Documents Illustrating Early Christianity. Edited by

G. H. R. Horsley and S. R. Llewelyn. North Ryde: Ancient

History Documentary Research Centre, –

NIB New Interpreter’s Bible

abbreviations xxiii

NIBC New International Biblical Commentary

NICNT New International Commentary on the New Testament

NIDB New Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible. Edited by J. D.

Douglas and M. C. Tenney. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans,

NIGTC New International Greek Testament Commentary

NIV New International Version

NJB New Jerusalem Bible

NJBC Th e New Jerome Biblical Commentary. Edited by

R. E. Brown et al. London: Chapman,

NovT Novum Testamentum

NovTSup Novum Testamentum Supplements

NP Neue Pauly. Leiden: Brill, –

NPF Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, st series

NPF Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, nd series

NRSV New Revised Standard Version

NTAbh Neutestamentliche Abhandlungen

NTApoc New Testament Apocrypha. Edited by Edgar Hennecke and

Wilhelm Schneemelcher. Translated by R. McL. Wilson.

st ed. Philadelphia: Westminster, –

NTApoc New Testament Apocrypha. Edited by Edgar Hennecke and

Wilhelm Schneemelcher. Translated by R. McL. Wilson.

nd ed. vols. Cambridge: James Clarke; Louisville, KY:

Westminster John Knox, –

NTD Das Neue Testament Deutsch

NTS New Testament Studies

NW Neuer Wettstein: Texte zum Neuen Testament aus Griechentum

und Hellenismus. Edited by G. Strecker and U. Schnelle.

vols. Berlin and New York: de Gruyter, –

OCD Oxford Classical Dictionary. Edited by S. Hornblower and

A. Spawforth. rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press,

OGIS Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae. Edited by W. Ditten-

berger. vols. Leipzig: Hirzel, –

OTP Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. Edited by J. H. Charlesworth.

vols. New York: Doubleday,

PDM Papyri demoticae magicae. Demotic texts in PGM corpus as

collated in Th e Greek Magical Papyri in Translation. Edited

by H. D. Betz. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,

xxiv abbreviations

PG Patrologia graeca. Edited by J.-P. Migne. vols. Paris,

–

PGM Papyri graecae magicae. Edited by K. Preisendanz. Berlin,

PL Patrologia latina. Edited by J.-P. Migne. vols. Paris,

–

PTMS Pittsburgh Th eological Monograph Series

PzB Protokolle zur Bibel

RAC Reallexikon für Antike und Christentum. Edited by T. Klaus-

ner. Stuttgart: Hiersmann, –

RB Revue biblique

REB Revised English Bible

RevQ Revue de Qumran

RHPR Revue d’histoire et de philosophie religieuses

RIC Th e Roman Imperial Coinage. Edited by Harold Mattingly

et al. vols. London: Spink, –

RivBSup Rivista biblica supplement

RLMA Researches in Lydia, Mysia and Aiolis. H. Malay. Vienna:

Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften,

Rom. Civ. Roman Civilization. Edited by N. Lewis and M. Reinhold.

rd ed. vols. New York: Columbia University Press,

RPC Roman Provincial Coinage. Andrew Burnett et al. London:

British Museum, –

SBB Stuttgarter biblische Beiträge

SBLDS Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series

SBLRBS Society of Biblical Literature Resources for Biblical Study

SBLSP Society of Biblical Literature Seminar Papers

SBLSymS Society of Biblical Literature Symposium Series

SBS Stuttgarter Bibelstudien

SC Sources chrétiennes

SEG Supplementum epigraphicum graecum

Sel. Pap. Select Papyri. Edited by A. S. Hunt and C. C. Edgar. vols.

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University; London: Heinemann,

.

SNTSMS Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series

SNTSU Studien zum Neuen Testament und seiner Umwelt

ST Studia theologica

abbreviations xxv

STDJ Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah

StPatr Studia patristica

Str-B H. Strack and P. Billerbeck, Kommentar zum Neuen Testa-

ment aus Talmud und Midrasch. vols. Munich, –

SUNT Studien zur Umwelt des Neuen Testaments

TAM Tituli Asiae Minoris, vol. . Edited by J. Keil and P. Her-

mann. Vienna: Austrian Scientifi c Academy,

TANZ Texte und Arbeiten zum neutestamentlichen Zeitalter

TCGNT A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament. B. M.

Metzger. London and New York: United Bible Societies.

st ed., ; nd ed.,

TDNT Th eological Dictionary of the New Testament. Edited by

G. Kittel and G. Friedrich. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans,

–

TDOT Th eological Dictionary of the Old Testament. Edited by G. J.

Botterweck and H. Ringgren. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans,

–

TJ Trinity Journal

TLNT Th eological Lexicon of the New Testament. C. Spicq. Peabody,

MA: Hendrickson,

TNTC Tyndale New Testament Commentaries

TSAJ Texte und Studien zum antiken Judentum

TynBul Tyndale Bulletin

VC Vigiliae christianae

VCSup Vigiliae christianae Supplements

VTSup Vetus Testamentum Supplements

WA.DB D. Martin Luthers Werke: Kritische Gesamtausgabe. Die

deutsche Bibel. Weimar: Hermann Böhlaus

WBC Word Biblical Commentary

WMANT Wissenschaftliche Monographien zum Alten und Neuen

Testament

WTJ Westminster Th eological Journal

WUNT Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

ZNT Zeitschrift für Neues Testament

ZNW Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft und die

Kunde der älteren Kirche

ZTK Zeitschrift für Th eologie und Kirche

xxvi abbreviations

Greek and Latin Authors

Achilles Tatius

Leuc. Clit. Leucippe et Clitophon

Aelian

Nat. an. De natura animalium

Aeschylus

Ag. Agamemnon

Eum. Eumenides

Pers. Persae

Prom. Prometheus vinctus

Suppl. Supplices

Aetius

Corp. med. Corpus medicorum

Alciphron

Ep. Court. Epistles of the Courtesans

Ambrose

Ep. Epistolae

Fid. De fi de

Ob. Val. De obitu Valentianiani consolatio

Appian

Bell. civ. Bella civilia

Hist. rom. Historia romana

Apuleius

Apol. Apologia

Metam. Metamorphoses

Aristotle

Hist. an. Historia animalium

Mag. mor. Magna moralia

Pol. Politica

Rhet. Rhetorica

Athanasius

C. Ar. Orationes contra Arianos

Ep. Epistulae

Athenagoras

Leg. Legatio pro Christianis

Augustine

Civ. De civitate Dei

abbreviations xxvii

Cons. De consensus evangelistarum

Doctr. chr. De doctrina christiana

Ep. Epistolae

Enarrat. Ps. Enarrationes in Psalmos

Serm. Sermones

Tract. ep. Jo. In epistulam Johannis

Augustus

Res Res gestae

Aulus Gelius

Noct. att. Noctes atticae

Bede

In Apoc. In Apocalypsin

Caesar

Bell. civ. Bellum civile

Bell. gall. Bellum gallicum

Callimachus

Hymn. Hymni

Iamb. Iambi

Cato

Agr. De agricultura

Chariton

Chaer. De Chaerea et Callirhoe

Cicero

Amic. De amicitia

Att. Epistulae ad Atticum

Caecin. Pro Caecina

Cat. In Catalinum

De or. De oratore

Div. De divination

Dom. De domo suo

Fam. Epistulae ad familiares

Fin. De fi nibus

Flac. Pro Flacco

Inv. De invention rhetorica

Nat. d. De natura deorum

Off . De offi ciis

Phil. Orationes philippicae

xxviii abbreviations

Pis. In Pisonem

Rab. Perd. Pro Rabirio Perduellionis Reo

Rosc. Amer. Pro Sexto Roscio Amerino

Verr. In Verrem

Clement of Alexandria

Ecl. Eclogae propheticae

Exc. Excerpta ex Th eodoto

Paed. Paedagogus

Quis div. Quis dives salvetur

Strom. Stromata

Columella

Rust. De re rustica

Cyprian

Eleem. De opera et eleemosynis

Ep. Epistulae

Fort. Ad Fortunatum

Hab. virg. De habitu virginum

Pat. De bono patientiae

Test. Ad Quirinum testimonia adversus Judaeos

Demetrius

Eloc. De elocutione

Didymus

Comm. Zach. Commentarii in Zachariam

Dio Cassius

Rom. Hist. Roman History

Dio Chrysostom

Disc. Discourses

Diodorus Siculus

Libr. Library of History

Diogenes Laertius

Lives Lives of Eminent Philosophers

Dionysius of Halicarnassus

Ant. rom. Antiquitates romanae

Dioscorides Pedanius

Mat. med. De material medica

Epiphanius

Mens. De mensuris et ponderibus

abbreviations xxix

Pan. Panarion

Euripides

Alc. Alcestis

Iph. taur. Iphigenia taurica

Orest. Orestes

Tro. Troades

Eusebius

Hist. eccl. Historia ecclesiastica

Praep. ev. Praeparatio evangelica

Galen

Acut. In Hippocrates de victu acutorum commentaria

Progn. In Hippocrates prognosticum commentaria

Simpl. De simplicium medicamentorum temperamentis ac facultatibus

Gregory of Nazianzus

Or. Bas. Oratio in laudem Basilii

Gregory the Great

Dial. Dialogues

Moral. Expositio in Librum Job sive Moralium

Hippocrates

Int. De aff ectionibis internis

Morb. De morbis

Progn. Prognostica

Hippolytus

Antichr. De antichristo

Comm. Dan. Commentarium in Danielem

Fr. Prov. Fragmenta in Proverbia

Haer. Refutatio omnium haeresium

Homer

Il. Iliad

Od. Odyssey

Horace

Carm. Carmina (Odes)

Epod. Epodi

Sat. Satirae

Ignatius (Ign.)

Eph. To the Ephesians

Magn. To the Magnesians

xxx abbreviations

Phld. To the Philadelphians

Pol. To Polycarp

Rom. To the Romans

Smyrn. To the Smyrnaeans

Trall. To the Trallians

Irenaeus

Epid. Epideixis tou apostolikou kērygmatos

Haer. Adversus haereses

Isocrates

Ep. Epistulae

Or. Orations

Jerome

Comm. Dan. Commentariorum in Danielem

Comm. Matt. Commentariorum in Matthaeum

Ep. Epistulae

Hom. Mark Homilies on Mark

Vigil. Adversus Vigilantium

Vir. ill. De viris illustribus

Josephus

Ag. Ap. Against Apion

Ant. Antiquities

J. W. Jewish War

Life Th e Life

Julius Frontinus

De aquis De aquis urbis Romae

Julius Obsequens

Prod. Liber de prodigiis

Justin Martyr

Apol. First Apology

Apol. Second Apology

Dial. Dialogus cum Tryphone

Justinian

Dig. Digest

Inst. Institutes

Lactantius

Inst. Divinarum institutionum

abbreviations xxxi

Livy

Rom. Hist. Roman History

Longinus

Subl. De sublimitate

Lucian

Alex. Alexander the False Prophet

Char. Charon

Dial. mar. Dialogi marini

Dial. meretr. Dialogi meretricii

Dial. mort. Dialogi mortuorum

Electr. De electro

Fug. Fugitivi

Herc. Hercules

Ind. Adversus indoctum

Lex. Lexiphanes

Merc. cond. De mercede conductis

Nav. Navigium

Nigr. Nigrinus

Peregr. De morte Peregrini

Philops. Philopseudes

Pisc. Piscator

Salt. De saltatione

Sat. Saturnalia

Syr. d. De syria dea

Tox. Toxaris

Tyr. Tyrannicida

Ver. hist. Vera historia

Vit. auct. Vitarum auctio

Lucretius

De rer. De rerum natura

Methodius

Res. De resurrection

Symp. Symposium

Origen

Cels. Contra Celsum

Comm. Jo. Commentarii in evangelium Joannis

xxxii abbreviations

Comm. Matt. Commentarium in evangelium Matthaei

Hom. Jer. Homiliae in Jeremiam

Princ. De principiis

Ovid

Am. Amores

Ars Ars amatoria

Fast. Fasti

Ib. Ibis

Metam. Metamorphoses

Trist. Tristia

Pausanias

Descr. Graeciae descriptio

Philo

Abr. De Abrahamo

Cher. De cherubim

Conf. De confusion linguarum

Contempl. De vita contemplativa

Decal. De decalogo

Ebr. De ebrietate

Flacc. In Flaccum

Fug. De fuga et invention

Her. Quis rerum divinarum heres sit

Imm. Quod deus sit immutabilis

Jos. De Josepho

Legat. Legatio ad Gaium

Migr. De migratione Abrahami

Mos. De vita Mosis

Plant. De plantatione

Post. De posteritate Caini

Praem. De praemiis et poenis

Prob. Quod omnis probus liber sit

QE Quaestiones et solutions in Exodum

QG Quaestiones et solutions in Genesin

Sacr. De sacrifi ciis Abelis et Caini

Sobr. De sobrietate

Somn. De somniis

abbreviations xxxiii

Spec. Laws On the Special Laws

Virt. De virtutibus

Philostratus

Vit. Apoll. Vita Apollonii

Vit. soph. Vitae sophistarum

Pindar

Isthm. Isthmian Odes

Ol. Olympian Odes

Pyth. Pythian Odes

Plato

Apol. Apologia

Crat. Cratylus

Crit. Crito

Gorg. Gorgias

Leg. Leges

Phaed. Phaedo

Prot. Protagoras

Resp. Respublica

Plautus

Asin. Asinaria

Aul. Aulularia

Curc. Curculio

Epid. Epidicus

Pseud. Pseudolus

Rud. Rudens

Pliny the Elder

Nat. Naturalis historia

Pliny the Younger

Ep. Epistulae

Pan. Panegyricus

Plutarch

Aem. Aemilius Paullus

Alc. Alcibiades

Ant. Antonius

Art. Artaxerxes

Caes. Caesar

xxxiv abbreviations

Cor. Marcius Coriolanus

Crass. Crassus

Demetr. Demetrius

Luc. Lucullus

Mor. Moralia

Nic. Nicias

Pel. Pelopidas

Per. Pericles

Rom. Romulus

Sull. Sulla

Th em. Th emistocles

Th es. Th eseus

Polycarp (Pol.)

Phil. To the Philippians

Ps.-Lucian

Asin. Asinus aureus

Quintilian

Inst. Institutio oratoria

Rufi nus

Symb. Commentarius in symbolum apostolorum

Sallust

Bell. cat. Bellum catalinae

Seneca the Younger

Ben. De benefi citis

Brev. De brevitate vitae

Clem. De clementia

Const. De constatia

Ep. Epistulae morales

Helv. Ad helviam

Herc. Ot. Hercules Otaeus

Ira De ira

Marc. Ad Marciam de consolatione

Nat. Naturales quaestiones

Prov. De providentia

Th y. Th yestes

Tro. Troades

abbreviations xxxv

Statius

Silv. Silvae

Th eb. Th ebaid

Suetonius

Aug. Divus Augustus

Cal. Gaius Caligula

Claud. Divus Claudius

Dom. Domitianus

Jul. Divus Julius

Tib. Tiberius

Vesp. Vespasianus

Vit. Vitellius

Tacitus

Agr. Agricola

Ann. Annales

Hist. Historiae

Tertullian

Adv. Jud. Adversus Judaeos

An. De anima

Apol. Apologeticus

Cor. De corona militis

Cult. fem. De cultu feminarum

Fug. De fuga in persecutione

Marc. Adversus Marcionem

Or. De oratione

Paen. De paenitentia

Praescr. De praescriptione haereticorum

Pud. De pudicitia

Res. De resurrection carnis

Scorp. Scorpiace

Th eophilus

Autol. Ad Autolycum

Th eophrastus

Char. Characteres

Hist. plant. Historia plantarum

xxxvi abbreviations

Th ucydides

Pelop. Peloponnesian War

Valerius Maximus

Facta Facta et dicta memorabilia

Varro

Ling. lat. Lingua latina

Rust. De re rustica

Vellius Paterculus

Rom. Hist. Roman History

Victorinus

In Apoc. In Apocalypsin

Virgil

Aen. Aeneid

Ecl. Eclogae

Vitruvius

Arch. On Architecture

Xenophon

Anab. Anabasis

Cyr. Cyropaedia

Hell. Hellenica

Mem. Memorabilia

Jewish and Early Christian Texts

Aʿbod. Zar. Abodah Zarah

Aʾbot Pirqe Aʾbot

Aʾbot R. Nat. Aʾbot de Rabbi Nathan

Acts Cypr. Acts of the Martyrdom of St. Cyprian

Acts Paul Acts of Paul

Acts Scill. Acts of the Scillitan Martyrs

Apoc. Ab. Apocalypse of Abraham

Apoc. El. Apocalypse of Elijah

Apoc. Mos. Apocalypse of Moses

Apoc. Paul Apocalypse of Paul

Apoc. Pet. Apocalypse of Peter

Apoc. Sed. Apocalypse of Sedrach

Apoc. Zeph. Apocalypse of Zephaniah

x

abbreviations xxxvii

Apost. Const. Apostolic Constitutions

b. Babylonian Talmud

B. Bat. Baba Batra

B. Mes.. Baba Mes.iʽa, Bar. , Baruch

Bar. Baruch (Paraleipomena Jeremiou)

Barn. Epistle of Barnabas

Bel Bel and the Dragon

Ber. Berakot

Cant. Rab. Canticles Rabbah

CD Damascus Document

, Clem. , Clement

Deut. Rab. Deuteronomy Rabbah

Did. Didache

DSS Dead Sea Scrolls

, , En. , , Enoch

Ep. Arist. Epistle of Aristeas

Exod. Rab. Exodus Rabbah

Ezek. Trag. Ezekiel the Tragedian

frg. fragment

Frg. Tg. Fragment Targum

Gen. Rab. Genesis Rabbah

Giṭ. GiṭṭinGos. Bart. Gospel of Bartholomew

Gos. Nic. Gospel of Nicodemus

Gos. Pet. Gospel of Peter

Gos. Th om. Gospel of Th omas

Ḥag. Ḥagigah

Herm. Shepherd of Hermas

Jos. As. Joseph and Asenath

Jub. Jubilees

Ket. Ketubbot

L.A.B. Pseudo-Philo, Liber antiquitatum biblicarum

L.A.E. Life of Adam and Eve

Lam. Rab. Lamentations Rabbah

Liv. Pro. Lives of the Prophets

xxxviii abbreviations

LXX Septuagint

m. Mishnah (tractate named)

Mand. Mandates

Mart. Martyrdom

Mart. Asc. Isa. Martyrdom and Ascension of Isaiah

Mart. Carp. Martyrdom of Carpus

Mart. Perp. Martyrdom of Perpetua

Mart. Pion. Martyrdom of Pionius

Mart. Pol. Martyrdom of Polycarp

Meg. Megillah

Mek. Mekilta

Midd. Middot

Midr. Ps. Midrash on Psalms

Mo eʾd Qaṭ. Mo eʾd Qaṭan

MT Masoretic Text

Mur Murabba aʾt

NT New Testament

Num. Rab. Numbers Rabbah

Odes Sol. Odes of Solomon

OT Old Testament

par. parallel passages

Pesah. . Pesah. im

Pesiq. Rab. Pesiqta Rabbati

Pol. Polycarp

Pr Azar Prayer of Azariah

Pr. Jac. Prayer of Jacob

Ps. Pseudo

Ps.-Phoc. Pseudo-Phocylides

Pss. Sol. Psalms of Solomon

Q, Q, Text from Qumran Cave , , , etc.

Q, etc.

QHa Qumran Hymns

Qidd. Qiddushim

QM Qumran War Scroll

QMelch QMelchizedek

QpHab Qumran Commentary (“Pesher”) on Habakkuk

abbreviations xxxix

QS Qumran Rule of the Community

Sanh. Sanhedrin

Shabb. Shabbat

Shek. Shekalim

Shem. Es. Shemoneh Esrei

Sib. Or. Sibylline Oracles

Sim. Similitudes

Sukk. Sukkot

t. Tosefta (tractate named)

T. Testament

T. Patr. Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs

T. Ab. Testament of Abraham

T. Adam Testament of Adam

T. Ash. Testament of Asher

T. Benj. Testament of Benjamin

T. Dan Testament of Dan

T. Gad Testament of Gad

T. Iss. Testament of Issachar

T. Jac. Testament of Jacob

T. Job Testament of Job

T. Jos. Testament of Joseph

T. Jud. Testament of Judah

T. Levi Testament of Levi

T. Mos. Testament of Moses

T. Naph. Testament of Naphtali

T. Reu. Testament of Reuben

T. Sim. Testament of Simeon

T. Sol. Testament of Solomon

T. Zeb. Testament of Zebulun

Taʽan. Taʽanit

Tg. Targum

Tg. Neof. Targum Neofi ti

Tg. Onq. Targum Onqelos

Tg. Ps.-J. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan

Th eod. Th eodotian

Toh. Tohoroth

xl abbreviations

Vis. Visions

y. Jerusalem Talmud (tractate named)

Inscriptions and Papyri

I.Did Inscriptions from Didyma, in Albert Rehm, Didyma. Vol. .

Berlin: Mann, .

I.Eph Die Inschriften von Ephesos. vols. Edited by H. Wankel

et al. Bonn: Habelt, –.

IG Inscriptiones Graecae. Editio minor. Berlin, –.

IGR Inscriptiones Graecae ad res Romanas Pertinentes IV. Edited by

René Cagnat et al. Paris: Leroux, .

IJO Inscriptiones Judaicae Orientis. Edited by David Noy et al.

vols. TSAJ . , . Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck,

.

I.Kourion Th e Inscriptions from Kourion. Edited by T. B. Mitford.

Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, .

I.Laod Die Inschriften von Laodikeia am Lykos. Edited by T. Corsten.

Bonn: Habelt, .

I.Leros Inscriptions from Leros, in G. Manganaro, “Le iscrizioni

delle isole Milesie.” Annuario della scuola archaologica di

Atene – (–), –.

I.Magn Die Inschriften von Magnesia am Mäander. Edited by

O. Kern. Berlin: Spemann, .

I.Olympia Die Inschriften von Olympia. Edited by W. Dittenberger.

Berlin: Ascher, .

I.Pat Inscriptions from Patmos, in G. Manganaro, “Le iscrizioni

delle isole Milesie.” Annuario della scuola archaologica di

Atene – (–), –.

I.Perg Die Inschriften von Pergamon. vols. Edited by M. Fränkel

et al. Berlin: Spemann, , , .

I.Phil Inscriptions from Philadelphia, in G. Petzl, Philadelpheia et

Ager Philadelphenus. Tituli Lydiae /. Titula Asiae Minoris.

Vienna: Östereichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften,

.

I.Sard Inscriptions from Sardis, in W. H. Buckler and D. M. Rob-

inson, Sardis. Vol. . Leiden: Brill, .

abbreviations xli

I.Smyr Die Inschriften von Smyrna. vols. Edited by G. Petzl. Bonn:

Habelt, –.

I.Strat Die Inschriften von Stratonikeia. Edited by M. Ç. Sahin and

A. Lozano. Bonn: Habelt, –.

I.Syr Inscriptions from Syria in Inscriptiones Judaicae Orientis.

Vol. . Syria and Cyprus. Edited by David Noy and

Hanswulf Bloedhorn. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck .

I.Th yat Inscriptions from Th yatira, in Tituli Lydiae /. Edited by

P. Hermann. Titula Asiae Minoris. Vienna: Östereichischen

Akademie der Wissenschaften, .

I.Trall Die Inschriften von Tralleis and Nyssa. Edited by F. B. Polja-

kov. Bonn: Habelt, –.

P.Fay. Fayum Towns and Th eir Papyri. Edited by Bernard P. Gren-

fell, Arthur S. Hunt, and D. G. Hogarth. London and

Boston: Egypt Exploration Fund, .

P.Fouad Les papyrus Fouad I. Cairo: L’Institut français d’archéologie

orientale, .

P.Hal. Auszüge aus Alexandrinischen Gesetzen und Verordnungen

in einem Papyrus des philologischen Seminars der Universität

Halle. Berlin: Weidmansche Buchhandlung, .

P.Hib. Th e Hibeh Papyri. Edited by Bernard P. Grenfell, Arthur S.

Hunt, and E. G. Turner. London and Boston: Egypt Explo-

ration Fund, .

P.Köln Kölner Papyri. Edited by Bärbel Kramer et al. Opladen:

Westdeutscher Verlag; Paderborn: Schöningh, –.

P.Lille Papyrus grecs de Lille. Edited by Pierre Jougouet et al. vols.

Paris: E. Leroux, –.

P.Lond. Greek Papyri in the British Museum. Edited by Frederic G.

Kenyon, H. Idris Bell, and W. E. Krum. London: British

Museum, –.

P.Mich. Michigan Papyri. Edited by C. C. Edgar, A. E. R. Boak,

and J. G. Winter. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press,

–.

P.Oslo Papyri Osloenses. Edited by S. Eitrem and L. Amundsen.

vols. Oslo: Jacob Dybwad, –.

P.Oxy. Th e Oxyrhynchus Papyri. Edited by Bernard P. Grenfell, Ar-

thur S. Hunt, et al. London: Egypt Exploration Fund, –.

xlii abbreviations

P.Russ. Papyri Russischer und Georgischer Sammlungen. Edited by

G. Zereteli, O. Krüger, and P. Jernstedt. vols. Amsterdam:

A. M. Hakkert, .

P.Ryl. Catalogue of the Greek Papyri in the John Rylands Library.

Edited by Colin H. Roberts, John de Monins Johnson, and

Arthur S. Hunt. Manchester: Manchester University Press,

–.