KEMENTERIAN PERHUBUNGAN

DIREKTORAT JENDERAL PERHUBUNGAN UDARA

PERATURAN DIREKTUR JENDERAL PERHUBUNGAN UDARA

NOMOR : 136 TAHUN 2018

TENTANG

PETUNJUK TEKNIS BAGIAN 8900- 3.4 {STAFFINSTRUCTION 8900- 3.4)

PROGRAM KONTROL HERAT DAN KESEIMBANGAN

( WEIGHT AND BALANCE CONTROL PROGRAM)

DENGAN RAHMAD TUHAN YANG MAHA ESA,

DIREKTUR JENDERAL PERHUBUNGAN UDARA,

Menimbang : a. bahwa Subbagian 121.153 (b) Lampiran Peraturan

Menteri Perhubungan Nomor PM 28 Tahun 2013

tentang Peraturan Keselamatan Penerbangan Sipil

Bagian 121 {Civil Aviation Safety Regulation Part 121)

tentang Persyaratan-Persyaratan Sertifikasi dan Operasi

Bagi Perusahaan Angkutan Udara Yang Melakukan

Penerbangan Dalam Negeri, Intemasional dan Angkutan

Udara Niaga Tidak Berjadwal {Certification and

Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and

Supplemental Air Carriers) sebagaimana telah diubah

beberapa kali, terakhir dengan Peraturan Menteri

Perhubungan Nomor PM 61 Tahun 2017 telah mengatur

bahwa pemegang sertifikat operator pesawat udara

(AGO) 121 hams membuat program kontrol berat dan

keseimbangan dan disahkan oleh Direktur Jenderal

Perhubungan Udara;

b. bahwa Subbagian 135.153 (b) Lampiran Keputusan

Menteri Perhubungan Nomor KM 18 Tahun 2002

tentang Persyaratan - Persyaratan Sertifikasi dan

Operasi Bagi Pemsahaan Angkutan Udara Niaga Untuk

Penerbangan Komuter dan Charter sebagaimana telah

beberapa kali diubah, terakhir dengan Peraturan

Menteri Perhubungan Nomor PM 63 Tahun 2017 telah

mengatur bahwa pemegang sertiflkat operator pesawat

udara (AOC) 135 hams membuat program kontrol berat

dan keseimbangan dan disahkan oleh Direktur Jenderal

Perhubungan Udara;

c. bahwa perlu disusun panduan bagi personel di

lingkungan Direktorat Kelaikudaraan dan

Pengoperasian Pesawat Udara dan pemegang sertiflkat

operator pesawat udara dalam melakukan evaluasi

terhadap program kontrol berat dan keseimbangan;

d. bahwa berdas^kan pertimbangan sebagaimana

dimaksud pada butir a, butir b, dan butir c perlu

menetapkan Peraturan Direktur Jenderal Perhubungan

Udara tentang Petunjuk Teknis Bagian 8900- 3.4

(Staff Instruction 8900- 3.4) Program Kontrol Berat

Dan Keseimbangan ( Weight And Balance Control

Program);

Mengingat : 1. Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun

2009 tentang Penerbangan (Lembaran Negara Republik

Indonesia Tahun 2009 Nomor 1, Tambahan Lembaran

Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4956);

2. Peraturan Presiden Nomor 7 Tahun 2015 tentang

■ Organisasi Kementerian Negara (Lembaran Negara

Republik Indonesia Tahun 2015 Nomor 5) ;

3. Peraturan Presiden Nomor 40 Tahun 2015 tentang

Kementerian Perhubungan (Lembaran Negara Republik

Indonesia Tahun 2015 Nomor 75);

4. Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor KM 18 Tahun

2002 tentang Persyaratan - Persyaratan Sertifikasi dan

Operasi Bagi Pemsahaan Angkutan Udara Niaga Untuk

Penerbangan Komuter dan Charter sebagaimana telah

beberapa kali diubah, terakhir dengan Peraturan

Menteri Perhubungan Nomor PM 63 Tahun 2017;

5. Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor PM 28 Tahun

2013 tentang Peraturan Keselamatan Penerbangan Sipil

Bagian 121 {Civil Aviation Safety Regulation Part 121)

tentang Persyarat^-Persyaratan Sertifikasi dan Operasi

Bagi Perusahaan Angkutan Udara Yang Melakukan

Penerbangan Dalam Negeri, Intemasional dan Angkutan

Udara Niaga Tidak Berjadwal {Certification and

Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and

Supplemental Air Carriers) sebagaimana telah diubah

beberapa kali, terakhir dengan Peraturan Menteri

Perhubungan Nomor PM 61 Tahun 2017;

6. Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor PM 59 Tahun

2015 Tentang Kriteria, Tugas dan Wewenang Inspektur

sebagaimana telah diubah terakhir dengan Peraturan

Menteri Perhubungan Nomor PM 142 Tahun 2016;

7. Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor PM 189 Tahun

2015 tentang Organisasi dan Tata Kerja Kementerian

Perhubungan sebagaimana telah diubah terakhir

dengan Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor PM 117

Tahun 2017;

MEMUTUSKAN

Menetapkan : PERATURAN DIREKTUR JENDERAL PERHUBUNGAN

UDARA TENTANG PETUNJUK TEKNIS BAGIAN 8900-

3.4 {STAFF INSTRUCTION 8900- 3.4) PROGRAM

KONTROL BERAT DAN KESEIMBANGAN ( WEIGHT

AND BALANCE CONTROL PROGRAM);

Pasal 1

Memberlakukan Petunjuk Teknis Bagian 8900-3.4 {Staff

Instruction 8900- 3.4) Program Kontrol Berat dan

Keseimbangan {Weight And Balance Control Program)

sebagaimana tercantum dalam Lampiran yang

merupakan bagian tak terpisahkan dari Peraturan ini.

Pasal 2

Direktur Kelaikudaraan dan Pengoperasian Pesawat

Udara mengawasi Pelaksanaan Peraturan ini.

Pasal 3

Pada saat Peraturan ini mulai berlaku, ketentuan dalam

Volume 2 Bab 74 dan Bab 75 Lampiran Peraturan

Direktur Jenderal Perhubungan Udara Nomor

SKEP/44/III/2010 tentang Staff Instruction 8300

Airworthiness Inspector's Handbook, dicabut dan

dinyatakan tidak berlaku.

Pasal 4

Peraturan Direktur Jenderal ini mulai berlaku sejak

tanggal ditetapkan

Ditetapkan di Jakarta

pada tanggal 9 Mei 2018

DIREKTUR JENDERAL PERHUBUNGAN UDARA

ttd.

Dr. Ir. AGUS SANTOSO, M.Sc

PALA<</

TOfiAT

PEf--ll5-S ^

DA

N P.

i dengan aslinyaIAN HUKUM,

NAMA SARI

ina (IV/a)"80704 199503 2 001

LAMHRAN PERATURAN DIREKTUR JENDERAL PERHUBUNGAN UDARANOMOR :KP 136 TAHUN 2018

TANGGAL : 9 MEI 2018

Staff Instruction

SI 8900-3.4

Weight and Balance Control Program

Edition : 1

Amendment : 0

Date : 9 May 2018

REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA - MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION

JAKARTA - INDONESIA

SI 8900-3.4

AMENDMENT RECORD LIST

Amendment No. Issue Date Reference

0 9 May 2018

SI 8900-3.4

FOREWORD

1. PURPOSE

2. REFERENCES

3. CANCELLATION

This Staff Instruction has been prepared to guideand assist all Directorate of Airworthiness and

Aircraft Operation personnel, Directorate General ofCivil Aviation, operators (AOC) or applicants dealingwith DGCA, in evaluating of Weight and BalanceProgram.

This Staff Instruction should be used in accordance

with the applicable regulations.

SI 8300 Volume 2 Chapter 74 and Chapter 75 datedMarch 2010 have been cancelled.

4. AMENDMENT The amendment of this Staff Instruction shall be

approved by the Director General of Civil Aviation.

DIRECTOR GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION

ttd.

Dr. Ir. AGUS SANTOSO, M.Sc.

nalF aiiEPA

dengan aslinyaGIAN HUKUM,

■••'^x.endah'.Mrnama sarifc ' ■ ■ '^^^^^ina (IV / a)>80704 199503 2 001

u

SI 8900-3.4

April 2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS

AMENDMENT RECORD LIST i

FOREWORD "! ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS in

CHAPTER 1. EVALUATE CASR PART 121/135 OPERATOR'S WEIGHT ANDBALANCE CONTROL PROGRAM 1

1. OBJECTIVE 1

2. GENERAL 1

a. Operator's W&B Control Program 1

b. Program Authorization 1

c. Program Authorization Process 1

d. Aircraft W8bB 2

e. Aircraft Loading 2

3. CERTIFICATION BASIS (TC/AMENDED TC/STC) 3

a. TC and Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS) Issuance 3

b. Conformity to Type Design 3

c. Certificated Aircraft Information 3

4. DOCUMENTATION 4

a. Aircraft Weighing/W85B Documents 4

b. Aircraft Loading and Operation/W85B Document 4

5. OPERATOR/APPLICANT-DEVELOPED PROGRAM 4

a. Submitted Program 4

b. Unusual or Complex Programs 5

c. Load Schedules 5

d. Major Alterations 5

e. Determining the Loaded Weight and CG 5

6. AIRCRAFT WEIGHTS 6

a. Part 121 6

b. Part 135 6

7. WEIGH SCALES 6

8. AIRCRAFT LOADING SCHEDULE AND PROVISIONS 7

a. Aircraft Loading Schedule 7

b. Aircraft Loading Provisions 7

SI 8900-3.4

c. Passenger and Baggage Weights 7

9. OPERATOR'S CARGO OPERATIONS AND WSsB TRAINING 9

a. Responsibility for W85B Control 9

b. W&B (CG Control) 9

c. Training Program Curriculum 10

10. PASSENGER AND CARGO LOADING PROCEDURES 11

11. CARGO LOADING PROCEDURES 12

a. Cargo 12

b. Cargo Requiring Special Handling Procedures 12

c. Special Cargo 13

d. Unit Load Device 14

e. Active ULDs 15

f. Temperature-controlled Shipping Containers 15

12. OTHER RESTRAINTS 16

13. MULTIPLE ENTITIES 16

14. CLS Cargo Loading System 16

a. System Repairs 16

b. Missing Devices 17

15. VERIFYING MAINTENANCE DOCUMENTATION PROCEDURES 17

a. Addition or Removal of Equipment 17

b. W&B Revision Record 18

16. W&B RECORDS SURVEILLANCE 18

17. AUTHORITY FOR W&B 19

a. W&B Programs, Manuals, and Disciplines 19

b. Authorizations, Conditions and Limitation (ACL) 19

18. Operator's EVALUATION SYSTEM FOR W&B CONTROL 19

a. System List 19

b. System Performance 19

c. System Effectiveness 20

19. DGCA SURVEILLANCE 20

a. Review Qualifications 20

b. DGCA and Operator Communication 20

20. PREREQUISITES AND COORDINATION REQUIREMENTS 20

a. Prerequisites: 20

IV

SI 8900-3.4

b. Coordination 20

21. REFERENCES 20

22. PROCEDURES 21

a. Coordinate with the Operator/Applicant 21

b. Review the Operator's Manual/Program Document 21

c. Analyze the Results 24

d. Meet with Operator/Applicant 24

APPENDIX A - LIST OF APPLICABLE FORM 25

APPENDIX B - GLOSSARY/INDEX OF DEFINITION AND TERMS 26

SI 8900-3.4

April 2018

CHAPTER 1. EVALUATE CASH PART 121/135 OPERATOR'S WEIGHT ANDBALANCE CONTROL PROGRAM

1. OBJECTIVE.

This chapter provides guidance for evaluating (initial or revision)an operator's Weight and Balance (WSbB) control program procedures.

2. GENERAL,

a. Operator's W&B Control Program.The operator's W&B control program can be:

1) An independently controlled document that includes all theinstructions and procedures for W&B control; or

2) Included as a controlled part of another manual(s). The W&Bcontrol program should undergo periodic reviews to ensurecompliance. The operator's manual system must include thisprogram. The W&B control and the carry-on baggage weightprograms contain approved data and acceptable methods which areauthorized for use in the Authorizations, Conditions andLimitations (ACL) by the principal airworthiness inspector (PAI) incoordination with the principal operations inspector (POI).

b. Program Authorization.

1) The PAI authorizes the aircraft's weighing procedures, and isresponsible for authorizing of all "E" series Authorizations,Conditions and Limitations (ACL)

2) The POI authorizes the cariy-on baggage program, and isresponsible for authorizing of all "A" series Authorizations,Conditions and Limitations (ACL)

c. Program Authorization Process.

1) POI Authorized Carry-On Baggage Program. Once the POI hasvalidated the accuracy of the operator's proposed average weights,the POI will authorize the carry-on baggage program and specificaverage passenger and baggage weights through ACL AO 11 inconjunction with A097, A098, and A099, as applicable. As analternative to specific average passenger and baggage weights,actual weights can be used and authorized for use throughACL A096.

a) The operator's cariy-on baggage procedures must be designedto ensure that the approved data derived from the typecertificate (TC)/Supplernental Type Certificate (STC) andsupplements are not compromised in the operator's W&Bcontrol program.

SI 8900-3.4

b) ACL AO 11 should specily whether the operator is authorized tohave carry-on baggage or is authorized to use ano-carry-on-baggage program. Authorization of an operator'scarry-on baggage program or no-carry-on baggage program isauthorized through ACL AO 11.

2) PAI Authorized Aircraft Average Fleet or Actual Weight Program.The PAI is responsible for approving the aircraft average fleet oractual weight program through the authorization of ACL E096.

NOTE: Depending on the complexity of the operation, coordinationwith other inspector specialties may be required.

d. Aircraft W8&B.

1) WfisB Program Procedures. WSsB program procedures are the onlymeans for a DGCA PAI to authorize the use of either:

a) Individual aircraft weight program, or

b) Aircraft fleet weight program. The operator's manual systemmust include how the operator manages the aircraft's basicempty weight (BEW).

2) Develop Procedures for Aircraft W&B. The operator/applicant maydevelop and submit for authorization any method or procedure bywhich they can show that an aircraft:

• Has procedures for verifying aircraft configuration;

• Has procedures for weighing the aircraft;

• Will be periodically reweighed and its data reevaluated;

• Will have weight changes to the empty weight center of gravity(EWCG) recorded, both in service and after reweigh; and

• Will have its data recalculated, if needed, due to changes.

Personnel accomplishing the above tasks must be adequatelytrained.

e. Aircraft Loading.

1) Elements of Aircraft Loading. Aircraft loading, as it applies to W&B,consists of the following two elements:

a) How to determine the unknown weights of crew, passengers,or carry-on baggage.

• Authorized passenger and baggage weight programprocedures are the only means for a DGCA to authorize theuse of other than known weights for crew, passengers, orcarry-on baggage.

• Reports of the established average passenger and baggageweights and surveys are also entered in the ACL.

SI 8900-3.4

b) Load contxol regarding the fuel, cargo, passenger, and baggageweights is an operations furiction which the POI must oversee.However, since it is part of the WSgB control program, the PAXapproves this element, in coordination with the POI, as part ofthe W85B control program approval.

2) Develop Procedures For Aircraft Loading. The operator/applicantmay develop and submit for approval any method or procedure bywhich they can show that:

a) An aircraft is properly loaded according toapproved/authorized configuration (loading schedules orcharts);

b) An aircraft will not exceed approved W8bB limitations during allground and flight operations;

c) Ground equipment is serviceable;

d) Unit load devices (ULD) have undergone a serviceability check;and

e) Personnel are trained.

3. CERTIFICATION BASIS (TC/AMENDED TC/STC).

a. TC and Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS) Issuance.

When the DGCA approves the design of an aircraft, it issues anapproved TC and TCDS. The TCDS includes all pertinent specificationsfor the aircraft. The W&B information is available in the TCDS under

"Data Pertinent to All Models."

NOTE: The TCDS may reference the aircraft manufacture's WBMfor this information.

b. Conformity to Type Design.

Conformity to type design is considered attained when the required andproper components are installed, and they are consistent with thedrawings, specifications, and other data that are part of the TC.Conformity would include amended TCs, applicable STCs, andfield-approved alterations.

c. Certificated Aircraft Information.

An operator/applicant must know certain information before it canproperly weigh an aircraft and compute its EWCG. The DGCA furnishesthis information for every certificated aircraft in the TCDS or aircraftspecifications available to all operators.

NOTE: The operator's equipment list that comprises the basicoperating weight (BOW) of the aircraft must be validated toensure that it is current.

SI 8900-3.4

4. DOCUMENTATION

a. Aircraft Weighing/W&B Documents.

1) Review the manufacturer's maintenance program in the AircraftMaintenance Manual (AMM) or aircraft service manual.

2) Verify that the W85B weighing information in the aircraft's W&Bcontrol program document and AMM include current W8bBinformation such as:

• Empty weight and EWCG limits;• Weighing the aircraft;• Configuration control;• Weighing schedule; and• Personnel training.

b. Aircraft Loading and Operation/W8bB Document.

1) Review the manufacturer's program documents for cargo loading,W&B control, and Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM)/Rotorcraft FlightManual (RFM).

2) Verify that the W&B information in the loading and operation W&Bcontrol document and AFM includes current information such as;

• EWCG;

• Loading graphs;• Center of gravity (CG) envelopes;• Loading schedules;• Index tables;

• Load manifest; and• Personnel training.

The manual may refer to a W&B plotter. If so, ensure that thisdevice is available.

3) Ensure that the manufacturer's procedures cover all aspects of theCASR part 121/135 operator's intended operation.

5. OPERATOR/APPLICANT-DEVELOPED PROGRAM.

a. Submitted Program.

The operator/applicant may submit any method or procedure by whichit can show that all aircraft are properly weighed, loaded, and will notexceed approved W&B limitations during all operations.

1) The operator's manual can provide these procedures, or they maybe an independently controlled document that includes allinstructions and procedures for maintenance, operations, andcargo handling.

SI 8900-3.4

2) The W85B document must include company procedures andinstructions for completing forms used in aircraft weight controland aircraft loading. The submitted information should includemathematical justification for loading provisions or schedules.

3) The W&B document must indicate the source of the data used todevelop the program. This data may come from the manufacturer'sW&B documentation referenced from the TCDS, the AFM/RFM,and STC information.

4) The program must contain the duties, responsibilities, andauthority for flight, ground operations, maintenance, andmanagement personnel.

5) The program must identify the training requirements for flight,ground operations, maintenance, and management personnel.

Note: Weight should be a consistent measure, either pounds orkilograms. If both pounds and kilograms are used,procedures must include a method of conversion to ensureaccurate weights and measures are used in the calculationof aircraft W&B.

b. Unusual or Complex Programs.

If the operator/applicant proposes an unusual or complex W&Bprogram, or if that program is substantially different from the W&Bdocument or approved AFM/RFM, request assistance from specialists.

c. Load Schedules.

The load schedule must include a system for aircraft loading under allloading situations, including alternate procedures for nonstandardweight of persons or groups. The operator's procedures must provide allnecessaiy information (e.g., charts, graphs, and tables) with relatedinstructions for the loading.

d. Major Alterations.

Occasionally, an operator/applicant may request approval to operate anaircraft with an increase in gross weight and/or change in CG range.This constitutes a major design change, and requires approval by theCASR Part 21.113.

e. Determining the Loaded Weight and CG.

An important part of preflight planning is to determine that the aircraftis loaded so that its weight and CG location are within the allowablelimits. There are two ways of doing this:

1) By the computational method, using weights, arms, and moments;and

2) By the loading graph method, using weight and moment indexes.

SI 8900-3.4

6. AIRCRAFT WEIGHTS.

a. Part 121.

Operators/applicants are required to weigh aircraft operated underCASR Part 121.165.

1) No person may operate an airplane unless the current emptyweight and center of gravity are calculated from values establishedby actual weighing of the aircraft within the preceding 36 calendarmonths.

2) Paragraph (1)) of this section does not apply to-

a) Aircraft issued an original airworthiness certificate within thepreceding 36 calendar months; and

b) Aircraft operated under a weight and balance system approvedin the operations specifications/ACL of the certificate holder.

b. Part 135,

Operators/applicants are required to weigh aircraft operated underCASR Part 135.360.

1) No person may operate an airplane unless the current emptyweight and center of gravity are calculated from values establishedby actual weighing of the aircraft within the preceding 36 calendarmonths.

2) Paragraph (1)) of this section does not apply to-

a) Aircraft issued an original airworthiness certificate within thepreceding 36 calendar months; and

b) Aircraft operated under a weight and balance system approvedin the operations specifications/ACL of the certificate holder.

NOTE: Procedures that establish an aircraft's BOW, establishment of zoneweights and compartment weight within the aircraft, and tables orcharts that depict proper weight and CG ranges and limitations arecontained in the Original Equipment Manufacturer's (OEM) W&Brequirements, the STC holder's W&B supplement, or otherDGCA-acceptable means.

7. WEIGH SCALES

Scales used to weigh passengers, aircraft, and cargo must be calibrated andtraceable to a Komite Akreditasi Nasional (KAN) or equivalent.Operators/applicants must perform calibration in accordance with the civilauthority for weights and measures having jurisdiction over the area inwhich they are using the scales. The frequency of calibration testing dependson use and handling. Certification documents should be in the Englishlanguage. Cargo weigh scales should be calibrated and periodically andfunctionally checked for accuracy in conformance with the operatorsprogram. A functional check should consist of field-testing the scale'saccuracy to within ±1 % with a specific item of a known weight. Operatorsmust have procedures in their manuals to control the use, calibration.

SI 8900-3.4

and/or verification of weigh scales, and record retention of calibration orverification for scales used by operators and vendors.

8. AIRCRAFT LOADING SCHEDULE AND PROVISIONS.

a. Aircraft Loading Schedule.

Operators/applicants should design loading schedules to reduce theelements of human error. These loading schedules may apply toindividual aircraft or to a complete fleet.

b. Aircraft Loading Provisions.

Operators/applicants should properly mark all seats, compartments,and other loading stations, and the identification used shouldcorrespond with the instructions established for computing the WSsB ofthe aircraft. When the loading procedures provide for blocking off seatsor compartments to remain within the CG limits, the operator/applicantshould provide effective means to ensure that such seats orcompartments are not occupied during the operations specified. In suchcases, operators/applicants should prepare instructions forcrewmembers, load agents, cargo handlers, and other personnelconcerned, giving complete information regarding distribution ofpassengers, cargo, fuel, and other items. Information relative tomaximum capacities and other pertinent limitations affecting the weightor balance of the aircraft should be included in these instructions. Whenadverse distribution of passengers and/or cargo exceeds the approvedCG limits of the aircraft, special instructions should be issued to thepilot in command (PIC) and appropriate personnel so that the loaddistribution can be maintained within the approved limitation.

c. Passenger and Baggage Weights.

There are three methods available to operators to determine passengerand bag weights: standard average weights, average weights based onsurvey and actual weights.

1) Standard Average Passenger Weights. Standard average passengerweights were established based on data from Ministry of HealthRepublic of Indonesia surveys.

The standard average passenger weights in Table 8-1 include 2,3kilograms (5 pounds) for clothing, and a 7,3 kilograms (16-pounds)allowance for personal items ̂ d cariy-on bags. Where no gender isgiven, the standard average passenger weights are based on theassumption that 50 percent of passengers are male and 50 percentof passengers are female

SI 8900-3.4

TABLE 8-1. STANDARD AVERAGE PASSENGER WEIGHTS

Standard AveragePassenger Weight

Weight Per Passenger

kilograms pounds

Average adultpassenger weight

71kg 157 lbs

• Average adult malepassenger weight

73 kg 161 lbs

• Average adult femalepassenger weight

69 kg 152 lbs

Child weight (2 years toless than 9 years ofage)

35 kg 77 lbs

2) Average Weights Based on Survey. Average weights based on surveyallows operators with an acceptable survey method to use it indetermining average weights for a W85B control program.

The operator will provide the DGCA with the results of a reliablesurvey to establish an average passenger weight for its specificoperation.

3) Actual Weights. To determine the actual weight of a personal item,cany-on bag, checked bag, plane-side loaded bag, or a heavy bag, aoperator should weigh the item on a scale. A operator maydetermine the actual weight of passengers by:

a) Weighing each passenger on a scale before boarding theaircraft (types of weight scales and scale tolerances -will bedefined in the operator's W85B control program); or

b) Asking each passenger his or her weight. An operator shouldadd to this asked (volunteered) weight at least 10 pounds toaccount for clothing. A operator may increase this allowancefor clothing on certain routes or during certain seasons, ifappropriate.

Special Passenger Groups. Nonstandard actual group weight orestablished survey weights may be used for nonstandard weight groups(e.g., sports teams).

Crewmembers. An operator may choose to use actual crewmemberweights or conduct a survey to establish average crewmember weightsappropriate for its operation.

Average Baggage Weight or Actual Weights. An operator may establishaverage passenger baggage weights predicated on a study of actualbaggage weights for the operations or routes involved that considerseasonal and other variables.

SI 8900-3.4

NOTE: Unless otherwise authorized by the W85B control manual, theoperator shall use the actual passenger and baggage weights incomputing the WfisB of charter flights and other special servicesinvolving the carriage of special groups.

Passenger and Crew Baggage. Operators/applicants must provideprocedures so that all baggage, including that carried on board by theflightcrew, is properly accounted for. If desired by the operator, it mayuse a standard crew baggage weight.

9. OPERATOR'S CARGO OPERATIONS AND W8bB TRAINING.

a. Responsibility for W&B Control.

W&B is one of the most important factors affecting safety of flight. Theresponsibility for proper W&B control begins with the aircarrier/operator, and extends to ground operations persons who loadthe aircraft, the Aviation Maintenance Engineer who maintains theaircraft, and the flightcrew members who operate the aircraft. Theoperator must have procedures and training to ensure proper W&B,with a system to direct the proper loading of the aircraft within limits.

1) Personnel Qualification Identification. Personnel involved in cargooperations (e.g., cargo acceptance, cargo build-up, aircraft loadingand supervising aircraft loading) must be trained, qualified, andauthorized, as defined in the operator's manual. This training mustbe easily identified by documentation in training records andauthorization documents readily available.

2) Responsibility. Operators should develop cargo operations andW&B training programs. Training should explain employeefunctions, and express expectations of job duties andresponsibilities, according to the operator's procedures. An operatorshould have procedures to train all its employees and vendors to itsstandards. Personnel involved in cargo operations must be trained,qualified, and authorized, as defined in the operator's manual. Thistraining must be easily identified by documentation in trainingrecords and authorization documents readily available.

b. W&B (CG Control).

Operators must have training programs for personnel involved withW&B. These programs should contain the processes and procedures tomaintain the weight and CG of aircraft dispatched. All operator andvendor personnel involved in W&B should receive fundamental W&Btraining at a general subject matter level. The operator's training coursefor personnel or vendors involved with W&B and CG calculations shouldinclude, at a minimum:

1) Aircraft manufacturer's requirements or the STC instructions;

2) Minimum equipment list (MEL);I

3) Position of cargo and baggage;

4) Notification of flightcrew;

SI 8900-3.4

5) Calculations for average weights of persons and baggage, seasonalchanges, and unusual loads, such as sports teams, military, andmanifest weights of cargo;

6) Calculations for actual weights and when to use them;

7) Processes that take into account CG offsets for cargo, both loadedinto ULDs or loaded onto the aircraft;

8) Computer programs or other methods used to calculate CO;- and

9) Processes and procedures to certify personnel to calculate W&B.

c. Training Program Curriculum.

Operators must provide:

1) Programs for Load Personnel. Training programs are to include:

• Basic aircraft load procedures, such as step-loading containerson all-cargo aircraft, loading containers in passenger aircraft,and bulk loading in lower and upper lobes;

• CLS and cargo handling procedures;• Procedures for training load vendors and audit requirements for

those vendors;• Training on expectations of loaders and proper load procedures,

including safety and hazardous materials (hazmat); and• Frangible cargo requirements for certain positions.

2) Programs for Load Supervisors. In addition to the requirements forload personnel listed in subparagraph Cl) above, training forpersons responsible for the load on an aircraft ensuresunderstanding of those responsibilities, to include:

• ULDload;• Aircraft load;• Serviceability of ULDs;• Aircraft cargo loading;• Restraint systems; and• Special cargo.

3) Training on Cargo Buildup. This training should include:

• Recognition of proper ULD configuration;• Operational standards;• Net attachments;• Restraints;

• Weigh procedures;• Container configurations and condition;• CG offsets, profiling, and authorization for use on particular

aircraft;• Cargo buildup to comply with CG control; and• Special cargo.• Personnel to receive this training include vendors and

freight forwarders.

10

SI 8900-3.4

4) Programs for Maintenance Personnel. Training for maintenancepersonnel must consist of:

• Aircraft weighing procedures;• WSsB changes due to alterations;• CLS maintenance;• W&B control program audit function under the Continuing

Analysis and Surveillance System (CASS) program(parts 121/135);

• Repair of ULDs and cargo restraint systems;• Inspection requirements;• Receiving inspection requirements for components contracted

out; and

• Recording requirements.

5) Flightcrew and flight operation officer (FOO) Awareness Training.Programs should include procedures to train flightcrews and flightoperation officer (FOO)in cargo loading, to include examples of:

• Unserviceable ULDs;• Restraints;• CLS;

• Aircraft configuration;• Hazmat;

• Special cargo; and• Duties and responsibilities of ground personnel.

6) Recurrent Training. An operator's cargo operations and W&Btraining programs should establish recurrent training requirementsand intervals not to exceed 24 months, unless the DGCA grants anextension.

7) Training Records and Retention. Programs should includeprocedures to retain training records for personnel. Operatorsshould retain training records for the duration of personnelemployment plus 90 days.

In accordance with CASR part 121.463, pilots and flight operationofficer (FOO) require recurrent W&B training every 12 calendar-months.Training records for these individuals must be retained in accordancewith training record retention periods.

10. PASSENGER AND CARGO LOADING PROCEDURES.

The air carrier's/operator's manuals should include passenger and cargoloading procedures. These procedures should be consistent across allmanuals throughout the company.

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11. CARGO LOADING PROCEDURES.

a. Cargo.

Operators/applicants must provide procedures for loading/unloadingfreight into upper main cargo compartments on all-cargo aircraft andinto lower lobe compartments on all aircraft. Cargo loading shouldinclude procedures for:

1) Loading, based on aircraft configuration (i.e., all-cargo, passengerand convertible). These procedures may vary depending on the typeof CLS installed, restraint equipment installed or used, and cargodoor configuration.

2) Ensuring cargo loads are in compliance vdth the manufacturer'sWBM or the STC instructions.

3) Loading aircraft to prevent tail tipping.

4) Ensuring that if containers are used, they are properly restrained.

5) Ensuring that cargo or baggage is properly restrained using therestraint system required by the airplane W85B documents.

6) Ensuring that cargo is loaded per the OEM and operator's W86Bprocedures.

b. Cargo Requiring Special Handling Procedures.

Some cargo may require additional or unique procedures to protectcargo or the aircraft during handling acceptance, loading, or in flight.Examples of special handling procedures include ceremony orinstructions for transporting human remains, feeding live animals intransit, signature service forms for tracking mail/cargo, compatibilitywith hazmat, protective gear when handling cryogenics, etc. This cargocould also be classified as special cargo. The operator's proceduresshould address cargo loads requiring special handling. The operatorshould establish procedures for cargo requiring unique or specialhandling, which may include the following:

1) Offset cargo;

2) Overweight cargo;

3) Overhanging cargo;

4) Outsized cargo;

5) Sharp or piercing cargo;

6) Crated heavy machineiy;

7) Reels or spools;

8) Motor vehicles and other wheeled cargo;

9) Tall cargo;

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SI 8900-3.4

10) Rigid cargo;

11) Tall rigid cargo (TRC);

12) Cargo not fully restrained by the CLS;

13) Human remains;

14) Foodstuff, feed, and postal mail;

15) Hazmat;

16) Active ULDs;

17) Temperature control ULD containers;

18) Live animals;

19) ULDs;

20) Special cargo; and

21) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) cargo,

c. Special Cargo.

Cargo not contained in an ULD certified for the airplane CLS or enclosedin a cargo compartment certified for bulk loading is special cargo. Thistype of cargo requires special handling and securing/restrainingprocedures. In addition to special cargo requirements, all such cargo willrequire special handling procedures.

1) Operators should:

• Develop policies and procedures for the identification,acceptance, and carriage of special cargo with a high degree ofsafety;

• Have policies and procedures to ensure special cargo loads arein compliance with the manufacturer's WBM or the STCinstructions;

• Have policies, procedures, and controls in place whentransporting special cargo;

• Flightcrew, FOG and Aircraft Maintenance Engineer aretrained, qualified, and authorized to perform special cargofunctions; and

• Distribute load schematic to appropriate personnel and ensureit is retained with load manifest.

2) The responsible person will identify special cargo, evaluate specialcargo risks, and develop a plan to ensure safety of flight usingDGCA-approved TC/STC WBM data:

• Use certificate-holder-developed procedures for planning andevaluating special cargo transport;

• Determine restraint;

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SI 8900-3.4

• Develop a load schematic, which includes a tiedown schemeand load calculations.

• Special cargo with a tiedown scheme that complies witha DGCA-approved airplane WBM/supplement can beincorporated into the operator's manuals. The load schematicwill not be necessary for special cargo items identified in theoperator's manual. However, when using the authorizedmanual procedure, the operator should reference the manualand page number on a cargo loading document and retain itwith load manifest.

d. Unit Load Device

ULDs are certified to a Technical Standard Order (TSO), STC, productioncertificate, or militaiy standard. Noncertified ULDs are built to anindustry standard and are allowed only on certain aircraft as describedin the aircraft WBM or STC W&B,_ supplement. Operators must haveprocedures for:

1) Ensuring their manual lists the certified ULDs and pallet-netcombinations approved for each aircraft.

2) Buildup of containers and pallets to ensure proper CG control so asnot to exceed certification limitations for horizontal and vertical CG.

3) Buildup of palletized and bulk cargo that ensure that the load fitsthe fuselage profile of the aircr^t that they are loading.

4) CG offsets control to ensure that loaded pallets or containers do notexceed certification limitations for horizontal and vertical CG, Bulkload procedures ensure that the load does not exceed CG offset forthe compartment that they are loading. This would include ULDsloaded in double configuration with vacant adjacent positions.

5) Ensuring that ULDs are operational before loading on an aircraft,and designate a responsible person to perform these checks andvalidate to the flightcrew on the load sheet, manifest, or other formthat the designated person has,performed the operational checks.

6) Ensuring owned or leased ULDs, pallet, and nets are maintainedunder a operator's or vendor/supplier's maintenance program thatsatisfies the instructions for continued airworthiness (ICA) of theULD manufacturer. The operator should have a program todetermine the serviceability of, the ULD when it is intended to beplaced onboard the aircraft and ULD traceability through theirauthorized vendor list which is made available to the DGCA.

7) Routing unserviceable ULDs to repair facilities listed on theoperator's authorized vendor lists.

8) Ensuring that after any repair, maintenance, or modification ofequipment such as dollies, slave frames, containers, and carts, anew tare weight is reestablished by reweighing the equipment.

t)

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SI 8900-3.4

e. Active ULDs.

ULDs with active temperature control systems for transportingtemperature-sensitive cargo.

Unlike the typical ULD, active ULDs are capable of heating and/orrefrigerating as required. These systems consist of a highly insulatedcontainer with a batteiy-operated heating/cooling system integrated intothe construction of the container. Active ULDs are intended to beoperating during flight. Active ULDs are battery-powered in flight andare only recharged while on the ground. The "active" component of theseunits consists of a vapor cycle refrigeration/heat pump type system thatis powered by various types of large batteries, depending on themanufacturer.

f. Temperature-controlled Shipping Containers.

Temperature-controlled shipping containers are devices designed tomaintain their contents within strict temperature controls. Thesedevices may bear a TSO, STC, Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA), or beallowed by the TC. These units will be approved in the limitationssection of the certification document for use with certain net-palletcombinations. Any aircraft that is eligible to carry the approvednet-pallet combinations may carry these devices. For an aircarrier/operator to carry these devices, it must incorporate or referencethe pertinent parts of the device's certification documents into itsmanual. These may include:

1) Required markings, placards, and labeling, including:

Marking required by CASR Part 45, Any other placards or labelingrequired for the safe handling, operation, and carriage of the device.

2) ICAs containing:

• A complete set of instructions for maintenance, inspection, andreturn to service after maintenance, and a list of peopleauthorized to perform these functions.

• All proposed limitations and restrictions necessary to safelycarry the device on an aircraft. This includes the list ofapproved pallet/cargo-net combinations, the number of devicesallowed for each of these combinations, and instructions thatno loose cargo is allowed u^der the cargo-net.

3) Operating instructions for the device, which include:

• Procedures for preflight preparation and inspection, includingidentification of any serviceable tags or other instrumentrequired to certify airworthiness prior to carriage.

• Instructions to ensure air carrier and ground handlingpersonnel can identify the unit is operating properly and ensurethe unit is removed from service in case of failure.

• Procedures for normal and emergency operations.• Procedures for handling of the device.

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SI 8900-3.4

• Instructions for the proper loading of the device for eachapproved pallet/cargo net combination, including the numberof devices allowed, and instructions that no loose cargo isallowed under the cargo net.

• All limitations (as approved in the ICA).• Training requirements for the above.• Hazmat and dangerous goods procedures may apply to these

devices and/or their contents.

Prior to transport of the temperature-controlled shipping container onits aircraft, ensure the operator or air carrier complies with theguidance in this paragraph. It is imperative to note that all operators(e.g., transfer and interline) must have these procedures in theirmanuals, or referenced in their manuals, and provide training to theirpersonnel prior to carriage on their aircraft.

12. OTHER RESTRAINTS.

A TSO, original type design, STC, or major alteration may be the certificationbasis for restraints such as straps, tiedowns, or nets. The WBM, STC W85Bsupplement, or major alteration documentation for each aircraft lists therestraints allowed on an individual aircraft.

13. MULTIPLE ENTITIES.

The operator/applicant may use multiple entities to perform functionsassociated with the movement of cargo. Examples of these entities includeshippers, vendors, and freight forwarders, which may perform cargo buildup,weighing, freight staging, cargo loading, interlining, and restraint. Theoperator's manual must contain procedures to address these activities. Theoperator is ultimately responsible for safety of flight and the security of thecargo. The operator must:

• Ensure entities are trained, qualified, and authorized to perform dutiesper the operator's W85B control program,

• Audit third-party operations, and• Ensure third-party adherence to the operator's procedures.

14. CLS Cargo Loading System.

CLSs, both upper and lower deck, are approved by various means. They maybe certified as part of the certification basis of an aircraft, by STC, or bymajor alteration for an individual aircraft installation. These systems consistof locks, end stops, vertical side restraints, ball mats, roller sections, sideguides, etc. CLSs are also designed as a conveyance for ULDs, allowing themto move easily in and out of the aircraft. In addition, some CLSs are powered.

a. System Repairs.

Repair of system components should be part of the operator's manualsystem, along with the ability to substitute load-bearing components.Substitution should be based on DGCA-approved data. Substitutionwould include those subparts of a load-bearing component. The operatorshould show that, if a substitution is done, it is backed up withapproved data. The operator's manual system should show the modified

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SI 8900-3.4

configuration and how that configuration is controlled. That control maybe in the form of an Engineering Order (EG), engineering report, or otherdocument described in the operator's manual.

b. Missing Devices.

Regardless of the approval method used, MEL concerns should beaddressed. This includes operation with missing restraint devices alongwith weight and/or performance penalties for the missing device(i.e., reduced compartment weight limits).

15. VERIFYING MAINTENANCE DOCUMENTATION PROCEDURES,

a. Addition or Removal of Equipment.

1) CO Change after Repair or Alteration. The largest weight changesthat occur during the lifetime of an aircraft are those caused byalterations and repairs. It is the responsibility of the aircarrier/operator doing the work to accurately document the weightchange and record it in the aircraft record.

a) When operators make conversions, modifications, repairs, ormajor alterations to an aircraft that change the current WSeBrequirements and/or limitations, the DGCA generally approvesa WSsB supplement or other control documents, such as STCs;DGCA Form 43-337, Major Repair and Alteration (Airframe,Powerplant, Propeller, or Appliance); or other WSgB reports.This supplementary information describes the effect of theconversion or modification on the aircraft, and the DGCAgenerally approves it as part of an STC or major alteration.

b) When an operator makes a conversion, modification, or majoralteration to an aircraft that changes its W&B characteristics,operator should have a procedure in place to ensure that allsupplemental information developed, issued, and approved forthat aircraft is incorporated into the air carrier's/operator'sWSsB control program. An air carrier/operator must apply themost restrictive ranges of the incorporated modifications to theoperation of that aircraft. For example, if multiple STCs apply,the air carrier/operator must use the STC with the mostrestrictive W8eB limitations when incorporating thesupplemental information into air carrier's/operator's WSsBcontrol programs. In all cases of multiple STCs applied to asingle aircraft, the STCs should be evaluated for effect on eachother and the appropriate limitations applied. At a minimum,an air carrier/operator should:

• Include the supplemental information described above orcross-reference the supplemental information in the aircarrier's/operator's WBM;

• Organize the supplemental information according toaircraft type or in away that facilitates use by loadingpersonnel; and

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SI 8900-3.4

• Include the supplemental information in its aircarrier's/operator's WBM and any charts or tables thatindicate proper weight and CG range limitations.

2) Permanent Ballast. If a repair or alteration causes the aircraft CGto fall outside of its limits, permanent ballast can be installed.Permanent ballast may consist of blocks of lead or other material. Itshould be marked, "Permanent Ballast/Do Not Remove." It shouldbe attached to the structure so that it does not interfere with anycontrol action, and be attached rigidly enough that it cannot bedislodged by any flight maneuvers or rough landing. Two thingsmust first be known to determine the amount of ballast needed tobring the CG within limits:

• The amount the CG is out of limits; and• The distance between the location of the ballast and the limit

that is affected.

3) Temporary Ballast. Temporary ballast, in the form of lead bars orheavy canvas bags of sand or lead shot, is often carried in thebaggage compartments to adjust the balance for certain flightconditions. The bags should be marked as ballast and secured.Removal may require recalculation of the aircraft BOW. Temporaryballast must be secured so that it cannot shift its location in flight,and the structural limits of the baggage compartment must not beexceeded. All temporary ballast must be removed before the aircraftis weighed.

b. WSbB Revision Record.

1) Each revision record should be identified by the date and theaircraft make, model, and serial number. The pages should besigned by the person making the revision.

2) The computations for a W&B revision are included on a W&Brevision form. Appropriate fore and aft extreme loading conditionsshould be investigated and the computations shown. The WSsBrevision sheet should clearly show the revised empty weight, emptyweight arm, and/or moment index, and the new Basic OperatingWeight (BOW).

NOTE: BOW is defined as the weight of an aircraft with unusable fuel,all fluids, crew, and installed equipment, as defined by theoperator's program based on TC, STC, or other DGCA-approveddata.

16. W85B RECORDS SURVEILLANCE.

Maintenance weighing records, training records, and air cargo operationsaudit records must reflect compliance with the WSsB control program. CLSsand ULDs must have records of maintenance, preventive maintenance, andinspections located in the aircraft maintenance records. The following mustreflect compliance with the W85B control program:

• Ground operations load manifest records;• Load verification sheets;

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SI 8900-3.4

• Flight operations records; and• Personnel training records.

17. AUTHORITY FOR W&B.

a. W85B Programs, Manuals, and Disciplines.

The W85B control program is not just an isolated program formaintenance to comply with weighing the aircraft. It covers all employeedisciplines that must interact together to operate the aircraft within theW85B limitations. Manuals must be consistent in text to provideguidance for the W&B system to work properly.

b. Authorizations, Conditions and Limitation (ACL).

W&B control programs are authorized on ACL will list the appropriatedocuments used for W&B control. The operator/applicant will enteraverage passenger and baggage weights, along with surveys to validatethese weights, into the current ACL, as appropriate.

18. Operator's EVALUATION SYSTEM FOR W&B CONTROL.

An operator should establish and maintain a closed-loop system for thecontinuing analysis, evaluation and surveillance of the performance andeffectiveness of its W&B control program. The closed-loop system shouldinclude at least: surveillance. Root Cause Analysis (RCA), corrective action,and follow up. This system periodically monitors (minimum once a year) theperformance and effectiveness of the W&B control program, which includescargo operations, to ensure constant compliance. Operators can add thissystem to their CASS or they can develop their own closed-loop system.

NOTE: This is a shared responsibility between operations and maintenanceroles. A process should be in place to ensure that the operator reportsand tracks this information to the CASS or similar parallel closed-loopsystem.

a. System List.

The system should define how and when the operators/applicants auditthe W&B cargo operation control system to include, at a minimum;

• Aircraft loading;• Cargo buildup;• Carriage of special cargo;• Vendors;• Personnel training;• Freight forwarders; and• CLS.

b. System Performance.

System performance should be monitored to include such items as loadplans, load manifests, aircraft configuration changes, cargo loading andrestraint system performance (e.g., broken straps identified after use inflight and in-flight shift of cargo), and human factors issues withloaders, load supervisors, and vendors.

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SI 8900-3.4

c. System Effectiveness.

System effectiveness should be monitored to identify the reliability of theoverall performance for cargo operations.

19. DGCA SURVEILLANCE.

a. Review Qualifications.

The PAI and POI are to review their assigned air carrier/operator's WSsBcontrol procedures. This review shall include the subject areasdiscussed in this chapter, along with the appropriate aircarrier's/operator's manuals. It is imperative that the operator qualifiesand authorizes any vendors used for cargo loading to perform thesefunctions. The DGCA encourages PAI and POI to review any trainingprogram their operator accomplishes for personnel who supervise theloading of aircraft, prepare load manifest forms, or qualify and authorizeother persons to accomplish these requirements.

b. DGCA and Operator Communication.

Operators have a statutory mandate to perform their services with thehighest possible degree of safety. Achievement of that goal requires aconcerted effort between the DGCA and the air carrier. The DGCAconducts special emphasis ramp checks to validate the current state ofW&B control procedures and cargo loading operations. The DGCAshould make special efforts to keep all apprised of the methods by whichinspectors conduct these inspections and inform them of any instancesof noncompliance discovered in those inspections. The DGCAencourages operators, in turn, to use such information to evaluate theirown systems, programs, and operations, and make any necessaiycorrections.

20. PREREQUISITES AND COORDINATION REQUIREMENTS.

a. Prerequisites:

1) Knowledge of the regulatory requirements of CASR Parts 91,121and 135;

2) Successful completion of the Airworthiness Inspector Indoctrinationcourse(s) or equivalent; and

3) Previous experience with part 91, 121 or 135 W&B programs.

b. Coordination.

This task requires close coordination between Airworthiness andOperations inspectors.

21. REFERENCES.

• CASR Parts 21, 23, 25, 43, 91, 121 and 135.• Approved AFMs.• Aircraft equipment lists.• Aircraft maintenance records (W&B Records).• Approved pilot's operating handbooks (POH).• STCs.

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SI 8900-3.4

• TCDS and aircraft specifications.• Approved WBMs.

DGCA Form No. 120-35 (Apr 2017) Evaluation and Approval Of Weightand Balance Control Program

22. PROCEDURES.

a. Coordinate with the Operator/Applicant.

The operator/applicant must submit the following for review:

1) Manual or revision;

2) W8bB program document (if not part of a manual);

3) Pertinent company procedures;

4) Instructions for completing forms used in aircraft weight controland aircraft loading; and

5) Mathematical justification for loading provisions or schedules.

b. Review the Operator's Manual/Program Document.

The manual must include procedures, levels of authority, andinformation appropriate to CASR Part 91, 121, or 135. In addition, thePAI and POI must confirm that the manual includes the following:

1) Manual introduction, to include:

• Description of the philosophy and the goals of the manual;• Description of the division of contents between volumes, if more

than one volume; and• List of Effective Pages (LEP), including dates.

2) Manual revision and distribution procedures to ensure:

• Current information is provided to all manual holders; and• Manuals are available to maintenance, operations, and ground

personnel, and the operator/applicant furnishes them to theDGCA.

3) Definitions of all significant terms used in the program. Thedefinitions must reflect their intended use and include anyacronyms or abbreviations unique to the manual.

4) Description of the organizational unit responsible for the controland maintenance of the W&B program, to include:

• Definitions of lines of authority, and• Description of the support structure.

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SI 8900-3.4

5) Training programs for the following (including vendors):

• Maintenance personnel,• Operations and dispatch personnel, and• Ground handling personnel.

6) A means of documenting and retaining individual training records.

7) Procedures for:

• Determining standards and schedules for calibration of aircraftscales;

• Pre-weighing instructions and requirements;• Determining which aircraft are to be weighed;• Establishing and maintaining BOW equipment lists for each

aircraft;

• Recording the type and serial number for each scale used,airplane weight, residual fluids, and scale tare weights;

• Initial weighing of aircraft;• Monitoring and adjusting individual aircraft or fleet, empty

weight, and CG;• Periodic reweighing of aircraft;• Ensuring aircraft are configured under approved data;• Ensuring the operator's manual lists the certified ULDs and

pallet-net combinations approved for each aircraft;• Control of ULDs, including serviceability standards, CG offset,

and buildup;• Ensuring cargo is loaded in accordance with the manufacturer's

WBM or the STC instructions; and• Control and oversight of vendors, including freight forwarders.

8) A loading schedule consisting of graphs/tables or a special loadingschedule for a calculator or computerized program. Theseschedules must ensure that pertinent data is available for allprobable W65B conditions of the aircraft.

9) Load manifest procedures for:

• Completing the load manifest per CASR Partl21.665 and121.693;

• Ensuring the load manifest is carried on the aircraft per CASRPartl21.695 and/or 121.697 (as applicable);

• Ensuring the load schematic is retained with the load manifestfor special cargo loads;

• Retaining the load manifest for the time periods specified in theCFR; and

• Distributing the load manifest under CASR Part 91, 121.695and/or 121.697 (as applicable).

10) Procedures to be used by crewmembers, cargo handlers, and otherpersonnel concerned with aircraft loading, for the following:

• Distribution of passengers;• Distribution of fuel;

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SI 8900-3.4

• Distribution of cargo;• Verification and acceptance of actual cargo weights as listed on

a bill of lading;• Restriction of passenger movement during flight, if applicable;

and

• Hazmat requirements, if applicable.

11) A drawing of each cargo and/or passenger configuration thatincludes emergency equipment locations.

12) Mathematical justification for loading provisions or schedules. Thismay be included under separate cover and not as part of thecompany manual.

13) An alternate procedure for allowing manual computations, if acomputerized W8bB program is used.

14) Procedures for a weight range system, if applicable, that ensures:

• The range is typical of passengers carried on similar operations;• Computations for critical load considerations support the

ranges;

• Personnel responsible for loading the aircraft are required toprepare appropriate loading records;

• The system includes methods for loading passengers whoseweights are outside the range; and

• Loading records indicate the number of passengers within thestated range and account for passengers who fall outside therange.

15) A system for loading nonstandard weight groups, such as athleticsquads or militaiy groups and their baggage, which must useactual weights for both passengers and baggage.

16) Procedures to verify actual weight of cargo.

17) Standards and schedules for calibration of commercial scales usedto determine baggage/cargo weights.

18) Procedures to ensure that carry-on baggage is limited to articlesthat may be placed in overhead compartments or under seats. Theoperator must account for carry-on baggage weight in the samemanner as checked baggage or added to the average passengerweight.

19) Review the operator's OpSpecs &ACL for the following:

a) Aircraft make/model/series (M/M/S).

b) Type of loading schedule.

c) Loading schedule instructions for:

• Passengers and crew (average weight by survey or actualweight),

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SI 8900-3.4

• Baggage (average weight by survey or actual weight) andcargo (actual), and

• Nonstandard weight groups.

d) W&B control procedures.

The above items must be referenced by indicating the locations inthe operator's manuals (e.g., volume, chapter).

c. Analyze the Results.

Upon completion of review, analyze the results and determine whetherthe operator's manual meet all requirements.

d. Meet with Operator/Applicant.

Discuss any discrepancies with the operator/applicant and advise themon areas that need corrective action.

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SI 8900-3.4

APPENDIX A - LIST OF APPLICABLE FORM

1. DGCA Form No. 120-35 (Apr 2017) Evaluation and Approval Of Weight andBalance Control Program

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SI 8900-3.4

APPENDIX B - GLOSSARY/INDEX OF DEFINITION AND TERMS

Active Unit Load Devices

(ULD)ULDs with active temperature control systems fortransporting temperature-sensitive cargo. These systemsconsist of a highly insulated container with abattery-operated heating/cooling system integrated intothe construction of the container. Active ULDs areintended to be operating during flight. Active ULDs arebatteiy powered in flight and are only recharged while onthe ground. The "active" component of these unitstypically consists of a vapor cycle refrigeration/heatpump type system that is powered by various types oflarge batteries, depending on the manufacturer.

Aircraft Arms, Weights, andMoments

The term arm, usually measured in inches, refers to thedistance between the center of gravity (CG) of an item orobject and the reference datum. Arms ahead or to the leftof the datum are negative (-), and those behind or to theright of the datum are positive (+). When the datum isahead of the aircraft, all of the arms are positive andcomputational errors are minimized. Weight is normallymeasured in pounds. When weight is removed from anaircraft, it is negative (-), and when weight is added tothe aircraft, it is positive (+). A moment is a force thattries to cause rotation, and it is the product of the arm ininches and the weight in pounds. Moments are generallyexpressed in pound-inches (Ib-in) and may be eitherpositive or negative.A number of weights must be considered in aircraftWeight and Balance (W85B).

Aircraft Flight Manual(AFM)

DGCA-approved document, prepared by the holder of atype certificate (TC) for an airplane or rotorcraft, whichspecifies the operating limitations and contains therequired markings, placards, and other informationapplicable to the regulations.

Aircraft Loading Schedule The loading schedule is used to document compliancewith the certificated Weight and Balance {W8sB)limitations contained in the manufacturer's AircraftFlight Manual (AFM) and W85B manual. The loadingschedule is developed by the operator based on itsspecific loading calculation procedures and provides theoperational limits for use with the operator's W85Bprogram.

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SI 8900-3.4

Aircraft Specifications Documentation containing the pertinent specificationsfor aircraft certificated under the Civil Aviation SafetyRegulations (CASR).

Approved Type Certificate(TC)

A certificate of approval issued by the DGCA for thedesign of an airplane, engine, or propeller.

Basic Empty Weight (HEW) The empty weight of the aircraft plus the weight of theun-drainable fuel, oils, and hydraulic fluid outlined inthe manufacturer's maintenance manual.

Basic Operating Index The moment of the airplane at its basic operating weight(BOW) divided by the appropriate reduction factor.

Basic Operating Weight(BOW)

The weight of an aircraft with unusable fuel, all fluids,crew, and installed equipment as defined by theoperator's program based on the TC, the SupplementalType Certificate (STC), or other DGCA-approved data.

Cargo Cargo refers to passenger-checked baggage, freight.Company Materials (COMAT), special cargo, andhazardous materials (hazmat). Cargo does not includepassenger carry-on baggage.

Cargo Handling An operator's methods of accepting, weighing, securing,transporting cargo on the ground, and the loading andunloading of an aircraft.

Cargo Loading System(CLS)

Equipment installed to the floor of an aircraft cargocompartment to restrain aircraft unit load devices (ULD)against the ground/flight loads. It usually consists ofsuch items as rollers, side guides, and locks forsecuring ULDs to the aircraft structure. It does notinclude ULDs, barriers, and tie down straps.

Certified Restraint Straps These devices should meet the requirements of TSO-C172, Cargo Restraint Strap Assemblies.

Certified Unit Load Device

(ULD)A ULD meeting the requirements of TSO-C90, CargoPallets, Nets and Containers (Unit Load Devices), asamended; STC requirements, if applicable; or otherDGCA-approved certification standards.

Company Materials(COMAT)

Company Material, commonly called COMAT, is anindustry term used by operators to describe nonrevenuematerials and supplies owned by the operator that areshipped by the operator in support of its operations.

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SI 8900-3.4

Emergency Equipment Required emergency equipment must be part of thepreweight checklist and be stored in its assignedposition specified by the operator's manual.

Empty-Weight Center ofGravity (EWCG)

The CG of an aircraft when it contains only the itemsspecified in the aircraft empty weight.

Empty-Weight Center ofGravity (EWCG) Range

The distance between the allowable forward and aft

empty-weight CG limits.

Equipment List A list of items approved by the DGCA for installation ina particular aircraft. The list includes the name, PartNumber (P/N), weight, and arm of the component.Installation or removal of an item in the equipment listis considered to be a minor alteration.

Fleet Weight An average weight accepted by the DGCA for aircraft ofidentical make and model that have the same

equipment installed. When a fleet weight controlprogram is in effect, the fleet weight of the aircraft canbe used rather than having to weigh every individualaircraft.

Flyaway Kit A flyaway kit is considered part of the empty weightwhen installed. Spare parts loaded on board must beconsidered as COMAT.

Frangible (Compressible)Cargo

Frangible cargo may be required in certain positions forprotection of the aircraft and its ability to withstandemergency landing conditions, as required by theaircraft manufacturer's W85B document or the STC

instructions. Aircraft manufacturers' W85B documents

vary on this definition; therefore you should referencetheir documents.

Freight Staging The holding of cargo awaiting transportation and thedelivery of cargo to the aircraft in the right sequencingof cargo according to the load plan.

Hazardous Materials

(hazmat)Hazardous materials are also referred to as hazmat,dangerous goods, and DG.

Index Point A location specified by the aircraft manufacturer fromwhich arms used in W&B computations are measured.Arms measured from the index point are called indexarms.

Interlining Transfer from one operator to another, whether thesame or different aircraft t5rpes are used. For example, aULD transferred from a domestic operator to a foreignoperator.

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SI 8900-3.4

Load Supervisor A certificate-holder-determined name, such asLoadmaster or Load Lead, identifying the job function ofthe person with overall responsibility for supervising theloading of the aircraft. This person is responsible forsigning the load manifest. Refer to CASR part 121.665,Load Manifest.

Manufacturer's EmptyWei^t

The manufacturer's empty weight contains only thebasic equipment when the aircraft is delivered to theoperator. The operator may install additional equipmentrequired for its specific operation, creating the BEW forthat operator.

Maximum Allowable Gross

Wei^tThe maximum weight authorized for the aircraft and allof its contents as specified in the Type Certificate DataSheet (TCDS) or aircraft specifications for the aircraft.

Maximum Landing Weight The greatest weight that an aircraft normally is allowedto have when it lands.

Maximum Ramp Weight The total weight of a loaded aircraft, including all fuel. Itis greater than the takeoff weight due to the fuel thatwill be burned during the taxi and run-up operations.Ramp weight is also called taxi weight.

Maximum Takeoff Weight(MTOW)

The maximum allowable weight at the start of thetakeoff run.

Maximum Zero Fuel Weight(MZFW)

The maximum authorized weight of an aircraft withoutfuel. This is the sum of the BOW and payload.

Noncertified Unit Load

Device (ULD)A ULD that is not certified by the ULD manufacturer,does not meet the TSO C-90 or Parts Manufacturer

Authority (PMA) certification requirements, and/or isnot listed in the OEM aircraft WSsB manual (TC or STC)as a certified ULD for use on that aircraft.

Offset Cargo Cargo positioned on the pallet in a manner that thecargo is shifted beyond the perimeter of the palletresulting in either 1) the center of gravity (CO) limits ofthe pallet are exceeded, or 2) the restraint by the net tothe pallet becomes ineffective in protecting the airplaneand preventing cargo shift.

Outsized Cargo Cargo that exceeds the maximum allowable contour ofan aircraft ULD such that the ULD must be loaded

on board an aircraft as a non-CLS restrained ULD.

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SI 8900-3.4

Overhang Cargo Cargo that extends beyond the perimeter of the pallet inat least one direction but still allows the net to performits intended function. The pallet can still be restrainedby the CLS and does not require additional straps to theairplane structure.

Overweight Cargo Cargo that exceeds the maximum allowable weight asdefined by the aircraft W8bB manual for aircraft ULDposition.

Pallet (Air Cargo) A flat platform with flat under-surface of standarddimensions, on which cargo is assembled and securedand which interfaces directly with the aircraft handlingand restraint system.

Payload The weight of the passengers, baggage, and cargo thatproduces revenue.

Piercing Cargo Piece of cargo of a piercing or penetrating nature, suchas rods, pipes, extrusions, beams, etc., that couldbecome a projectile hazard under flight operationalloads.

Pilot's Operating Handbook(POH)

A DGCA-approved document published by the airframemanufacturer that lists the operating conditions for aparticular model of aircraft and its engines.

Pod An external container attached to an aircraft for

carrying cargo.

Primary Restraint The restraint of the cargo payload to the aircraftstructure for flight and other loads.

Special Cargo Cargo that is not contained in a ULD certified for theairplane CLS or enclosed in a cargo compartmentcertified for bulk loading is special cargo. This typo ofcargo requires special handling andsecuring/restraining procedures.

Special HandlingProcedures

Additional procedures, as determined by the operatorthat may be required for some cargo in order to protectthe cargo or the aircraft during handling acceptance,loading, or in flight. Hazmat must be handled perregulatory requirement. Examples of special handlingprocedures include ceremony or instructions fortransporting human remains, feeding live animals intransit, signature service forms for tracking mail/cargo,compatibility of hazmat, protective gear when handlingciyogenics, etc. This cargo could also be classified asspecial cargo.

Supplemental Restraint Restraint that is utilized in addition to primary restraintin order to stabilize cargo and prevent shifting.

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SI 8900-3.4

Standard Empty Weight The weight of the airframe, engines, and all items ofoperation weight that have fixed locations and arepermanently installed in the aircraft. This weight mustbe recorded in the aircraft W&B records. The BEWincludes the standard empty weight plus any optionalequipment that has been installed. Depending upon thepart of the regulations under which the aircraft wascertificated, either the undrainable oil or full reservoir ofoil is included.

Supplemental TypeCertificate (STC) Data

Provided it specifically applies to the item beingrepaired/altered, such data may be used in whole or inpart as included within the design data associated withthe STC.

Tall Rigid Cargo (TRC) Tall cargo is cargo greater than 98 inches tall. Certainsections of tall cargo can be frangible and certainsections can be rigid. If any part of the rigid section oftall cargo is above 98 inches, the tall cargo is TRC. TRCis only applies to the Boeing 747 aircraft.

Unit Load Device (ULD) A device for grouping, transferring, and restrainingcargo for transit. The ULD may consist of a pallet andnet or may be a container.

Vendor Any person or entity performing a service for theoperator. This includes, but is not limited to, a freightforwarder, service providers, contractor, subcontractors,customs broker, shipper, and another operator thatperforms cargo buildup, aircraft loading, and unloadingfor the operator. This also includes repair servicesprovided by a DGCA-certificated entity.

tean*

DIRECTOR GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION

ttd.

Dr. Ir. AGUS SANTOSO, M.Sc.

ai dengan aslinyakepala^Aoian HUKUM,

/^NDAH RORNAMA sari' L LT *- ^

fmbina (IV/a)NIP. 19680704 199503 2 001

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