ﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻟ

شرعيةمجلة العلوم ال مجلة علمية فصلية محكمة

والخمسونالرابع العدد هـ١٤٤١ محرم

www.imamu.edu.sa e-mail : [email protected]

אאא

Kאא אא Jאא

אא

אאא

Kאא אא Jאא

אא

אW١٨L١L١٤٤٠ אW٢٢L٥L١٤٤٠

אאW א א א א אא א

Kאא،אאאWאא Wא Kא א Wא א Kא אW

אאKאאאWאKאאW א Kא א Wא Kא א W

אאKאאWאאK א،אאאאאאא ، ،א א ،א א ، א א א،אא،אאא،א،א

אאא،،אK ،، אאאא،א،אא

א ،א א،א،א،

א،K אK

٢٠٥

אאאאא١٤٤١א

אW אאאא،אא

א،אK W

אאאא،אא،א،אאא

،،אאאאאא،

אאא،אK אא؛אאא

א،אאאאאאאאא،אאאאאאאאאאא،א

אאא،אאא،א،אאא،אאאא،؟אאא

אאאא،،א؟א

؟אא؛א

٢٠٦

אאאKאא

،א،א?אאאK?

אW אא،W

אאWאK אאWאאK

אאWאאK אאאWאK

אאWאK אאWאK

אאWאאK אאWאאK

אWאאאK * * *

٢٠٧


אW ١ J א؛אאאאK

٢ J אאאאאאאK

٣ J אא،אאאאאאאK

٤ J ،אאאאא،אאK

٥ J א،K

٦ J אאא،אK

٧ J אא،אא،אא

אאאK

٨ J אאאאK

٩ J אאאאאאK

١٠ J אאאאאאK

٢٠٨

אאאKאא

١١ J אאאK

١٢ J אאK

א،א،אאאאK

* * *

٢٠٩


אא א

JאאW אF٣٩٥?WEאאאא

אא،א?F١EK אW،אW؛K

א؛אאKאאWKאא؛אאאK؛

KאK א؛א،אאK

،؛א؛אאאא،א،אF٢EK

JאאW אF٥٨٧E?WאאWא

א?F٣Eא،K

F١EאF٨٩٧KE F٢EאWאF٤L٣١٦٠Eא،F١L٦٥٠Eאא،

F٢٢٥Eא،F٥L١٤٤Eאא،F٢٠٤Eאא،F٤٧٠Eא،F١٧٠KE

F٣EאאF٥L١٥٩KE

٢١٠

אאאKאא

אאF٦٠٦E?Wאא؛אא?F١EK

אF٦٧٦E?Wאא،א،א؛א א،אא

?F٢EK אאW?אא

אא؛אאאא?F٣EK ?Wאאאא?F٤EK

?Wאאא?F٥EK

،אאאאאאא،אK * * *

F١EאאאF٨٠٨KE F٢EאF٦L٣٦٥KE F٣EאF٧L٣٦KE F٤EאאאF١L٥٩١KE F٥EאאאאF٢٨KE

٢١١


אא אא

אאאאK אW W{

א

אא zF١EK

אW ١ J אWאW،אא?W

א?F٢EK

F١Eא،אF٩٢KE F٢EאאאF١L٣٥٥Eאאאא،F١٨L٣٣٧E،

אאאאאא F٨L١١٦KEאאאF٧L١٣٤?WEאאא

אאאא،אאK?אאאF٧L٨٧٩L٣٢٩٨?WE

אK?

٢١٢

אאאKאא

٢ J אאWאא،?Wא،א

אא?F١EK אW

אאאF٢EK אאאF٣Eא،

W אאW

אא،אF٤Eא،F٥E،אF٦EK

אאW

F١EאאF٣L٤٩١Eאאאא،

F٤L٢٧٣L٣٩٦٤Eאא،F٢L٢١٢Eאאא،אאאF٨L١٣٢ J١٣٣Eאא،אאא،אF٧L٣٣٩KE

F٢EאWאאאF١٣L١٦٥Eאא،F٤L١٦٨٨Eאא،F١٥٢Eאא،F١٣L٦٢Eא،F١٢L٢٢٣Eא،F٧L٧٤KE

F٣EאWאאF٥L٣٢Eא،F٦L١٠١Eא،אאF٢L١١٠٨Eא،F٤L٢٥٤Eאא،

F١٣L٦٢Eא،F٧L٢٢٨Eא،F١٢L٢٢٣Eא،F٩L٢٧KE F٤EאWאF٢L٢١٨Eאאא،F٢٥٧KE F٥EאWאאF١٠L٥٣٥Eא،F٧L٢٢٨KE F٦EאWאF١٢L٢٢٣Eא،F٩L٢٧KE

٢١٣


א،אאF١EK אW

אאW ١ J W{

zF٢EKאאאאאאאF٣EK

٢ J א،אאF٤EK ٣ J ،א،א،

אאF٥EK ٤ J ،א،

F٦EK ٥ J ،אא،אא

אF٧EK

F١EאWאאF٥L٣٣Eא،F٦L١٠٢Eא،

F١٠L٢٦٨KE F٢Eא،אF٩٢KE F٣EאWאF٢١L٢٢Eא،F٦L٢٠٨Eאא،

F٣٥L٥٣KE F٤EאWאאF١٣L٦٣Eא،F١٢L٢٢٣KE F٥EאWאF١٢L٢٢٣Eאא،F٢٦L٩٨KE F٦EאWאF٢١L٢٢KE F٧EאWאאF١٣L٦٣KE

٢١٤

אאאKאא

אאW ١ J אא،אא

א،F١EK Wאא،אאא

אא،F٢EK ٢ J אא،

אF٣EK Wא؛אאא

،F٤EK אW

אאאאאאא،אא،א

אאאא?Wאאאא،?F٥EK

F١EאWאאF٨L١٣٤Eאא،F٥L٣٣Eא،

F٦L١٤٤KE F٢EאWאF٦L٢٠٨KE F٣EאWאF٦L١٠٢Eאא،F١٣L٦٢Eא،F١٢L٢٢٣KE F٤EאWאאF١٣L٦٣Eא،F١٢L٢٢٣KE F٥Eאא،אאאאאF٧١E،٢٤٨ J

٢٤٩K

٢١٥


אא،אאאא،א،אא؛אא،אא،א،אא

א؛אאא،F١EK א،אאW

אאW א،אF٢Eא،F٣Eא،

אF٤EK אאW

א،אאאF٥Eא،אF٦EK

F١EאWאאF٥L٣٢Eאאא،F١٣L١٦٠Eא،

אF١٠L٥٣٣Eא،F٧L٢٢٨Eא،F١٢L٢٢٧ J٢٢٨Eא،אF٢٦L١٠٧Eאא،F٧L٥٧٣٣KE

F٢EאWאאF٨L٩٨Eא،F٦L٩٩KE F٣EאWאאF٤L١٦٨٩Eא،F١٢L٤١٨Eא،F٨L٤٩KE F٤EאWאF١٢L٢٢٦Eא،F٢٦L١٠٤Eא،F٩L٢٩KE F٥EאWאF٧L٢٢٨Eא،F٤L١٠٧Eא،

F٧L٣٦٥KE F٦EאWאF٦L٢١٠Eא،F٢٦L١٠٥KE

٢١٦

אאאKאא

אW אאW

١ J W{ א zF١E،W{

אאא zF٢EK אאWאאא

،،אאאא،אא،אF٣EK

٢ J אא،א،א?F٤EK

٣ J ،،אאאF٥EK

F١Eא،אF٩٢KE F٢Eא،אF٩٣KE F٣EאWאF٦L١٠٠Eא،F١٢L٤١٨Eא،F١٢L٢٢٧E،

אאF٣٥L٥٢KE F٤EאאאF٣L٥٥٣Eא،

אא א אאF٨L٥٧E،?Wאא?אא،

אF١٢L٢٢٧KE F٥EאF١٢L٤١٩Eא،F١٢L٢٢٧KE

٢١٧


٤ J ،אאאא،א،א،אאאא

אא،F١EK אאW

١ JאWאW،אא?W

א?F٢EK אF٤٥٠?WE،א

?F٣EKא W

J ،אאאא،אאF٧٦٢?WEאאא

א،א?F٤EK J ،אאא

א؛،אאF٦٨٤EF٥EK

F١EאF٦L٩٩ J١٠٠Eא،F١٠L١٥٩KE F٢E F٣EאאF١٣L٦٧KE F٤EאF٦L٤٧KE F٥EאF١٢L٤١٩KE

٢١٨

אאאKאא

٢ JאאWא،א?Wא،א

אא?F١EK אWאאאא

אא،אאא،אF٢EK

W؛،אאKK،

אF٣EK ٣ J؛א،אאא

א،F٤EK W،אאא

،א،אאא

F١E F٢EאWאאF١٣L٦٧Eאא،F١٠L٥٣٤Eא،

F٤L١٠٧KE F٣EאWאF١٢L٢٢٧Eאא،F٢٦L١٠٦Eא،F٩L٣٠KE F٤EאWאאF١٣L٦٨Eא،F٢١L٢١Eא،F٧L٣٦٥KE

٢١٩


אא،אאF١EK

אW ؛אאאאאאאא

א،אא،K

אאF٦٢٠?WEאא،אאא،א،אא،،

אאא،אא،א?F٢EK Wא،אא،א

אF٣EK * * *

F١EאWאF٦L١٠٠Eא،אF١L٤٧٤Eא،

F١٢L٢٢٧KE F٢EאF١٢L٢٢٧KE F٣EאWאאF١٠L٥٣٥Eא،F٧L٢٢٨E،

אF٧L٧٤KE

٢٢٠

אאאKאא

אא אא

א،א؛אאאאא،K

،אאאאא؛אאאאאF٦٧١?WEאא

،W،אאאאאא?F١EK

?W،؛אא?F٢EK

אאאF١٣٧٦?WEאאאא،אאא

אאא،אא?F٣EK ،אא

؛אאאF٥٨٧?WEאאאאאא،א

F١EאאF٥L٣١٥KE F٢EאאF٥L٣٢٨KE F٣EאאאF٢٢٥KE

٢٢١


אאאאאא،אאאאא?F١EK

؛אאאF٤٩٠WE?א،אאא?F٢EK

אאאא؛،אאאאאא،אאאאאאאאאא

،אאאאאF١٣٧٦?WE،א،אא،אא،אאא

،אאאאאאאאא?F٣EK

* * *

F١EאאF٨L٩٨KE F٢EאF١٩L٤٠KE F٣EאאאF٢٢٥KE

٢٢٢

אאאKאא

אאא א

א؛אאאאא،אא،؛א،،א

א،،א،א،א،א،א،אא

אא،אF١EK ،אאאאא،אא،؛אא

؛F٢EK אא،אאא

،אאא؛אאאא،אאא،א

F١EאWאאF١٣L٦٣Eאא،F١٠L٥٣٥Eא،

F٢١L٢٣Eא،F٤L١٠٧Eא،F١٢L٢٢٤Eא،F٦L٢٠٧Eאאא،F٢٦L١٠١KE

F٢EאWאאאF٣L٢٨١Eאא،F٨L٣٥١Eא،F٨L٤٩Eא،F٤L٢٥٤KE

٢٢٣


אא،אאאF١EK ؛אאאאW{

zF٢E؛،??،אF٣E،אא

אF١٣٧٦?WEאאא،א

،אא،W{ zא،אא،אאא،א

،א،??،אאאאאא??אא?F٤EK

،א،אאאא،אא،א

F١EאWאאF٨L٩٩Eא،F٦L١٣٩Eאאא،

F٨L٣٨٩KE F٢Eא،אF٩٢KE F٣EאWאאF١٣L٦٤Eא،F٢١L٢٢Eא،

F٦L٢٠٧Eאא،F٣٥L١٠٠KE F٤EאאאF٢٢٤KE

٢٢٤

אאאKאא

אא،،אאא،F١EK

* * *

F١EאWאF٨L٤٩Eא،F٤L٢٥٤Eאא،

F١٠L٥٣٦Eא،F٤L١٠٧Eא،F٨L٣٣٠E،אF١٣L٤٥٩Eאא،F٧L٢٩١KE

٢٢٥


אא א

א،אאא،אאא،אא،،אא

אא؛אאF١EK אF٦٧٦?WE؛אאא

?F٢EK W{

א

אא zF٣EK

אאW אWאאאK

אWאאאK

F١EאWאאF٨L٩٩،١٠٩Eאא،F١٣L٦٣Eא،

אF١٠L٥٣٧Eאא،F٢٦L١٠٠Eא،F١٣L٤٥٩KE F٢EאF٧L٢٢٩KE F٣Eא،אF٩٢KE

٢٢٦

אאאKאא

אW،אאאF١EK אF٤٥٠?WEאאאא

،א،אא،אא?F٢EK

אאא،،אא،א

אאאאF٣EK אא،אאא

،אF٤EK ،א،אאא

אא،אאF٥EK

F١EאWאאF١٣L٦٤Eא،F٢١L١٩Eא،F٩L٢٧E،

אF٨L٣٢٩Eא،F١٣L٤٥٨KE F٢EאאF١٣L٦٦KE F٣EאWאאF٢L٨٢٢KE F٤EאWאF٢L١١٠٨Eאאא،F٣L٢٨١Eא،

F٨L٥٠Eא،F٤L٢٥٥KE F٥EאWאאF٨L٢١٢Eא،F١٠L٢٦١Eאא،

אF٣L٢٨١Eאא،F٥L٣٢٣Eא،F١٢L٤١٨E،אF٧L٢٢٩Eא،F٢١L٢٢Eא،F٤L١٠٨Eא،

F١٢L٧٩،٢٢٦Eא،F١٣L٤٥٩KE

٢٢٧


،אאF١EK

אא אאא؛אא،

F٢EKW { zF٣E،

،אW { z،א؛K

א،אF٤EK

* * *

F١EאWאאF٥L٣٢١،٣٢٣KE F٢EאאF٤L١٥٣٧L٣٩٦٠E،

אאF٣L١٤٢٧L١٨٠٢KE F٣Eא،אF٩٢KE F٤EאWאאאF٣L٢٨١Eאא،F٨L٣٥١Eא،

אF١٠L٥٣٦Eא،F٤L١٠٨Eא،F١٢L٢٢٥Eא،אF٢٦L١٠٣Eאא،F١٤L١٨٧KE

٢٢٨

אאאKאא

אא א

אW אאW

،،אאא؛F١Eא،F٢Eא،

אF٣Eאא،F٤EK אאW

،،אא؛F٥Eא،

אF٦EK

F١EאWאF٧L٤Eא،אF٥L٣٤Eאאא،

F٤L١٠٩KE F٢EאWאF٢L١١٠٨Eאאא،F٣L٢٨١Eאאא،

F٢٥٨KE F٣EאWאאF١٠L٥٣٠Eא،F٧L٢٢٨E،

אF٤L١٠٨KE F٤EאWאאF٢٦L١٠٨E،אF٦L٢١٢Eא،

F١٣L٤٥٩KE F٥EאWאאF١٣L٦٩Eאא،F١٠L٥٢٩Eא،F٢١L٢٣KE F٦EאWאF١٢L٢٢٨Eאא،F٢٦L١٠٨Eא،F٦L٢١٢KE

٢٢٩


אW אאW

W { א

אא zF١EK אWאאא،א

אא،אא،א،אאא

אאאF٢EK Wא؛א

،אא؛אF٣EK אאW

F١Eא،אF٩٢KE F٢EאWאאF٥L٣٤Eא،F١٢L٤١٧Eא،

F٢١L٢٤Eא،F١٢L٢٢٨KE F٣EאWאאF١L٥٤٨KE

٢٣٠

אאאKאא

؛אאאאא،

אא،F١EK ،אאאא،א

אא؛אF٢EK W؛אא

אאאאאF٣EK ،אאאא؛אאאאא،

،א،א،אאא،א

F٤EK

F١EאWאאF١٠L٥٢٩Eא،F١٢L٢٢٨KE F٢EאWאאF١٣L٦٩Eאא،F١٠L٥٣٠Eא،

F٢١L٢٣KE F٣EאWאאF٣L١٧١Eא،F٤L١٠٨E،

אאאאאF٢١L٢٩١Lא١١٣٣KE F٤EאWאאF١٣L٦٩Eא،F٢١L٢٤Eא،F٤L١٠٨KE

٢٣١


אW אא؛אאאK

א؛אא،אא،

אאאK אאא

אא אאאאאא؛אא،אאאאאאא

אא؛אא،א،אא

F٧٩٠?WEאאאא،א،،،

א?F١EK א،אא

אאאאK ؛אא،אאא،،אאא

אאא،א،אא

F١EאאF٢L٢١٤KE

٢٣٢

אאאKאא

א،אאאאאא،אאK

،אא،אאF٧٢٨?WEא

אא،،אאא،?F١Eא،

א،א،K

אאאאאW،אא?W

א?،WאK?Wא?F٢EK

אא،אאאאK

Wא،אאאא،K

F١EאאF٣٤L١٧٠KE F٢EF٦KE

٢٣٣


אW،אאאאאF٧٦٢?WEא،אאאא

?F١EK אאאאא،א،

אא،א?Wא،א،،،א،؛אא

W،אא،אאא

אא،?F٢EK ؛אאאא

א،،א،אא،אK

،אאאאא،א

،K

F١EאF٦L٤٧KE F٢EאאאF٢L١٥٣KE

٢٣٤

אאאKאא

א،אאאאאא؛א،א

؛א،א،א،א؛

אK * * *

٢٣٥


אא אא

،،אא،F١EK

אא?W،אאא،אאא؛אא

אא،אאא?F٢EK א?W،א

אאאא،?F٣EK א?W،אאא،،אא

אאאא؛אאאאאא،א

אא?F٤EK

F١EאWאאF٥L١٨٦Eאאא،F٣L٢٨١Eא،

F١٢L٤١٧Eאא،F١٣L٦٩Eא،F٣L١٩٩Eא،F١٢L٢٢٨Eאא،F٢٦L١٠٨KE

F٢EאאF٥L١٨٦KE F٣EאF٢L٢١٨KE F٤EאF٢L٢٢٩KE

٢٣٦

אאאKאא

א?W؛،אאא،?F١EK

אאא?W،אא،א

א،،א?F٢EK

* * *

F١EאאF٥L٣٠٤KE F٢EאאאאאF٢١L٢٩٢Lא١١٩٠KE

٢٣٧


אא אא

א،אא؟אא،א

א،א،אאאאאא،אאא،

،א؛אאא،אא،F١EK

W ١ JW {

zF٢EKא אWאא

אא،،אF٣EKא،א،אא

F١EאWאאF٥L١٦٥Eאא،F٨L٤٩E،

אאאF٣L١٣١Eא،F٤L٩٠ J٩١E،אF٧L٣٤٣ J٣٤٥Eא،F٨L٣٣١Eא،

F١٣L٤٥٩Eאא،F٧L٢٩١Eאאא،אF٢٩٩Eאא،אאF١٧١KE

F٢Eא،אF٩٢KE F٣EאWאאאאF٣٠٠Eאאאא،

F١٧٢Eאאאא،F٢٢٣KE

٢٣٨

אאאKאא

٢ JאWאW،אא?W

א?F١EK אWאא،א

אאK ٣ J،

،F٢EK ٤ J؛אאאאאW

אאא،א،?F٣EK אאאא

؛אא،א?Wא،W،

אKא،א؟?F٤EK

F١EK F٢EאWאF٨L٣٣١Eאא،F٧L٢٩١KE F٣EאF١٣L٤٥٩KE F٤EאאF٤٦٥KE

٢٣٩


א?WאW،W،WK?F١EK

אא؛؛אא،אא،

אא،אא،אK ،אא،،א،

،א،אאאאאא א، אא

אא؛K א،א

،א،אא،א،K * * *

F١EאF٦L٤٧KEאWאF٩L٢٨Eא،F٢٦L١٠٠KE

٢٤٠

אאאKאא

א אא،אKW

Wאא،אא ١ J אא

אK ،א؛K

٢ J א،אאאאאאאאאאK

٣ J ،אאאאאאאK

٤ J א،אאא،אאא

K ٥ J ،אא،א؛אא

א،،אאK ٦ J א،א،אאא

א،،אא،אאאK

٧ J אא،א،אא،אK

٨ J אאאאאK

٢٤١


٩ J אW،אא،K

١٠ J،אא،אאאא؛א

אא،א،אK ١١ J،

،K ١٢ JאאאK ١٣ J،אאאאא

،،אאאא،אK

؛אאא،K

א،אאאK

* * *

٢٤٢

אאאKאא

אאא ١ J אאK ٢ J ،א،אאא،אא١٤٣٥אL٢٠١٤K ٣ J אאאאא،

،אא،א،א١٤٣٦K

٤ J א،אא،אאא،،،١٤٠٨L١٩٨٨א،K

٥ J אא؛אא،אאא،،אא،،١٤١٩L١٩٩٨K

٦ J ،אאאא،אא،،א،١٤١٩L١٩٩٨،

אאאK ٧ J אאא،אא،

،אא،א١٣٩٩אL١٩٧٩K ٨ J אא،אא،א

אא،،אK ٩ J אאאאא،אא،

،אא،١٤١٧L١٩٩٦אאא،K ١٠ J אאאאאא،

،אא،אאא،١٤٢٧א،KאאאK

١١ J אאאא،אא،אאא،،K

٢٤٣


١٢ J אאאא،אא،،אא،،אא١٤٢٠L٢٠٠٠،

K ١٣ J ،אאאאא،אא

،אא،،١٤١٦L١٩٩٥א،K ١٤ J ،אאאאא،אאא،

،אא،١٤٢٠L٢٠٠٠،K ١٥ J אא،אא،א،

אא،K ١٦ J ،אאאאK،אא،

،١٤١٨L١٩٩٨Kא،אא١٧ J אאאא،א،

،א،אאא١٤٢٦L٢٠٠٥K ١٨ J א،،אאא،אאא،

،אא،١٤٠٨L١٩٨٧،KאK

١٩ J אא،KL،אא،אא،א،אא١٤٢٤L٢٠٠٣K

٢٠ J אא،א،אא،،אא،١٤١٣אL١٩٩٣K

٢١ J א،،،אא،K ٢٢ J ،אאאאאאKא

،אא،א،אא،١٤٣٢אL٢٠١١K

٢٤٤

אאאKאא

٢٣ J א،،،אא،א،KK

٢٤ J אאאאא،،אא،א،אא،١٤٣٢אL٢٠١١K

٢٥ J אא،אא،א،،١٤٢٣אL٢٠٠٣K

٢٦ J אFאאאE،،אא،،אא،١٤٢٠אL

٢٠٠٠א،K ٢٧ J אאא،אא،א،

K ٢٨ J אאאא،א،

אא،١٤١٤L١٩٩٤K ٢٩ J אא،א،

،א،אK ٣٠ J ،אא،،אאא،א

،א١٤١٤אL١٩٩٤א،א،אK

٣١ J א،א،،אאא،אא،١٩٩٤א،K

٣٢ J א،،אאא،א،א،אאK

٣٣ J אאאא،،א،،١٤١٥אL١٩٩٥K

٢٤٥


٣٤ J אא،אא،אא،،١٣٨٨אL١٩٦٩K

٣٥ J אאא،،אא،אא،،١٣٥٢אK

٣٦ J אאאאאאא،אא،אאK

٣٧ J א،א،אא،K

٣٨ J אא،אא،،אא،١٤١٣אL١٩٩٣אא،

אK ٣٩ J אאא،א،אאא،

،١٤١٧אL١٩٩٦אאא،K ٤٠ J אאאאאא،אא،

،אא،א،١٤٢٨אK ٤١ J א،،،אא،א

،א١٤١٨אL١٩٩٨א،K ٤٢ J ،א،،אא،א

،א١٤١٤אL١٩٩٣K ٤٣ J ،،אאא،אא

אאK ٤٤ J אאאא،אא،

،אא،،،١٤١٠אL١٩٩٠،אK

٢٤٦

אאאKאא

٤٥ J אא،אאא،אאא،،אא،١٤١٧L١٩٩٧،א،

אאK ٤٦ J אאאאא،א،

،אא،א١٤١٥אL١٩٩٥א،א،אK

٤٧ J אאאאא،،אא،א،אא،אאא١٤٢٤K

٤٨ J א،،،אאא،א،،א١٤١٨אL١٩٩٧א،K

٤٩ J אא،K،אא،א،אאא١٤١٨L١٩٩٧K

٥٠ J אא،א،א،،אא،١٤٢٤L٢٠٠٣K

٥١ J אאאאא،אא،١٤٣٢L٢٠١١K

٥٢ J אאאאאא،،،،،א١٤١٨אL١٩٩٨K

٥٣ J אא،א،א،אאא،،١٤١٧אL١٩٩٧،،KאאK

٥٤ J אאא،א،אא،אא،١٣٩٨L١٩٧٨،

אK

٢٤٧


٥٥ J אאאא،א،،אא،אא١٤٢٩אL٢٠٠٨K

٥٦ J אאאא،K،א،אא،אא،א١٤٢٩L٢٠٠٨K

٥٧ J אאאא،אאאא،אא،،אK

٥٨ J אאאא،א،א،،א،א١٤١٩L١٩٩٩K

٥٩ J אאא،א،،١٣٩٤אL١٩٧٤K

٦٠ J אאא،،אא،אא،K ٦١ J אאאאאא،א،

،א،אא،١٤٠٢L١٩٨٢K ٦٢ J אא،אאאא،א،

١٤١٥L١٩٩٥א،K ٦٣ J אא،

،אאא،،אא١٤١٦L١٩٩٥K

٦٤ J אאא،אא،،אK

٦٥ J אאא،אא،אא،،אא،١٤٠٩אL١٩٨٨،Kא

אK ٦٦ J א،א،א،K

٢٤٨

אאאKאא

٦٧ J אאאא،א،،١٩٩٠K

٦٨ J אא،אאאא،אא،אא،אאK

٦٩ J אאאא،،אא،،،א،١٤١٦אL١٩٩٦،

KאאK ٧٠ J אא،،،אא،

،א١٩٩٩א،א،K ٧١ J א،א،אא،אאאא،

،א١٤١٧אL١٩٩٧،אאא،אאK

٧٢ J אא،אא،אא،١٣٧٧L١٩٥٨K

٧٣ J אא،،אאאא،،،١٤٢٢אL٢٠٠١K

٧٤ J ،אאא،א،אא،אא،١٤١٧אL١٩٩٧،K

٧٥ J אאאא،،אא،١٤٢٣אL٢٠٠٣K

٧٦ J אא،אאאאא،،אא،אא١٤١٢L١٩٩٢K

٧٧ J אאאאאא،אא،אא،א،אאא،١٤٢١אK

٢٤٩


٧٨ J אאא،אא،אאאK

٧٩ J אא،אא،א،،،א١٤١٩אL١٩٩٨K

* * *

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Expiation in case of multiple deaths

Dr. Abdallah Ibn Ahmed Ibn Salem Almahmadi

Department of Comparative Fiqh, Higher Judiciary Institute

Al-Imam Mohamed Ibn Saud Islamic University

Abstract:

This paper deals with the jurisprudential rulings concerning the expiation in

case of multiple deaths. It includes eight sections as follows:

Section I: Definition of expiation

Section II: The legality of expiation in homicide.

Section III: Rationale of expiation.

Section IV: The person liable for expiation.

Section V: The person entitled of expiation if killed.

Section VI: Features of expiation of homicide.

Section VII: The inability of the murderer to expiate.

Section VIII: The multiplicity of expiation coincided with multiple deaths

It is concluded that expiation is obligatory in the case of manslaughter and

quasi-deliberate killing, whether the murderer is male or female, free or a slave,

young or old, wise or insane, Muslim or non-Muslim, and whether the murderer

is the direct agent of the homicide or not, whether the victim was a male or

female, free or a slave, a minor or a fetus in his mother’s womb, a Muslim or

non-Muslim (protected or subject in the Muslim land).

To expiate for homicide, one has to free a slave, if not, he must fast for two

consecutive months, as stated in the Qur’an. For actions that cause multiple

deaths, expiation is multiplied. Therefore, he who kills dozens or hundreds must

expiate for every soul he kills. If difficult he finds fasting difficult he can fast as

many days as he could, and then feed the needy for the rest of the deaths, i.e. to

provide food to 60 poor people for each death, according to the opinion of some

jurists. If he cannot do so, this expiation remains outstanding throughout his life.

Expiation does not expire due to inability.

ﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻟ

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