বাংলাদেশ জাতীয় জাদুঘর-এর ১৭ ও ১৮ নম্বর...

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Transcript of বাংলাদেশ জাতীয় জাদুঘর-এর ১৭ ও ১৮ নম্বর...

Editorial Board

Members Rasheda AkhtarN{ohammad Nasit UddinSayema KhatunRczwana Karim Snigdla

_ i - -

Mohlmmad Masud Rana

Editor Manosh Chowdhu4'

Articles and booli teviervs relaung to various areas of anthtopology ateinvited. Please see overleaf for more infotmaoon.

Co$espondence Editor, Nrvijflana PardkaDepartrnent of AnthroPology

Jahargirnagar Universiq Savar,Dhala- 1342 Bangladesh

Tel (880-2) 1045-51, ext 1447E-mail [email protected],anthju@ hotmail.com

@ 201 1 Depatmeot of Anrhropology, Jahangirnagar University

Price I Tt. 80 @ighty taka only) Th 60 fot Students @angladesl,US $5 (Five Dollar) Overseas

Printed by: Ttayee Printing Press15. Nilkhar. Brbupun. Dhaka 1205

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Indian ideal of feminie beaut!, an dela that fods constant etPression

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iiiirir"l rno nutpto, plove(l upon n comflon poeti ' oni Pt wh' n

he nodc rhe rorso befu loua ua(l(r lhcieiShtoIthebreov'he'ttwith nitk .. [to hiShliSht] this ancient cottceptio'1 aJ DeauN as

abundance and proiuctiviry"' - Pronod Chatdra' The Scupture aJ

,lnlla (Guha-Thakurata 2004: 205)

e l "uabdshed and smirking"-Tfiani '!i TFqIE €t')t${sF (too8' til)

itmn "For The Crearer Glory of Indian Artl Traveis and Travaiis of a

Yakshi" effifr (11r 6ff lBrcq I

8r "...0t least certain classes ofwomen nust have been in the usualhabit- oi upp*ri"g i" putric almost naked"-TlfiRldi st {s{fr €1-tf'trsR

tloos, lllirtclr "nor The Greater Glory of lndian Afi; Travels and

Travails of a Yakshi" eF{ff R]F 6{"fi {6lcE I

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1r €]1+F ciqlfrc.,-d ()ne,g) "The work of Afi in the Age of MechanicalReproduction" 4rl!l fiins e?sfr q{4i{ ryrhttp://bid.berkelev.edu/bidclass/readings/beniamin hhnl

rr crifi-{ qlfu,{dr or{rqR "lliFr{ (-rcr ,!i( fifrGTlc qt(S fiqn {tififfis ,61ffrii fi"f{ stilq q1qlq (iooe)-L!n el{{ "secularisn, Nation'State and Religion"-q I

b r filq Tfi{q,i(6r ()bbv) efiS "Theorizing mus.eumsl an introduction" ff |

)o I The 'encoding' / 'decoding' vocabulary is from Hall's classic accountof a textual approach to media (Hail 1980). For an account of a rangeof texual apprcaches to material cultue see Tilley (1990); and for abriefdiscussion in relation to museums see Mrcdonald (1996).

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ro I EIErq rrft-{fl frrrdd frcr ffi qFni3 cffiF cqt{ Cnm€ron, A.& A. Kuhn (eds.) (1983) Iza3ar af lYa,re" in A tiqtir&cr{ra I

)8\9

IREF "ifr.{| -!s

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'[$r as-!oa, Dftl: T{ ctqRfu dEffir fiFds € FEir Fid-q (,Iii qi

ifrfrE1{fi |qt{ccr, cfi{cJ qrr $fl d1a (cqfis) rooe, ?fi6[t? glt 9l, , t{lq o aq& L

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