Week14 Controls
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week14 control
Transcript of Week14 Controls
KU1101 Pengantar Rekayasa dan Desain I
Control
Luaran pertemuan pekan keempatbelasMahasiswa memahami prinsip pengendalian sistem
Mahasiswa dapat mengenali elemen-elemen dari sebuah sistem denganpengendalian
uncontrolled
controlled
What is Control ?Microsoft® Encarta® Reference Library 2003
operate, work, run, use, utilize, manipulate, maneuverrestrain, limit, restrict, hold back, rein in, containmanage, command, supervise, organize, run, directrule, manipulate, influence, dominate, oppress, have a hold over, hold sway over, dictateoversee, monitor, regulate, inspect, limit, restrict
Merriam-Webster :to direct the actions or function of (something) : to cause (something) to act or function in a certain way
Open loop vs Closed loopOpen loop
No feedback
INPUTTap handle
OUTPUTWater flowSYSTEM
Open loop vs Closed loopClosed loop
Feed backsensor
INPUTDesired water level
OUTPUTWater level
SYSTEM
Open or closed loop ?
Mesin pengering gabah
Open or closed loop ?
Governor -> control steam engine pressure
Boulton-Watt steam engine
Balls fly out as speed
increases,
Valve closes,slowing engine
Flyballgovernor
Steamengine
Human body
Control System Element
Control Unit strategyOn-offProportionalOthers : PID (proportional-integral-dirivative), model based, etc
Air Conditioning
Elements:Controlled variable : ambient temperatureReferences value : temperature settingComparison Element : thermostat (RTD)Error Signal : temperature differenceControl Unit : thermostat (on-off)Correction Unit : air conditioning unitProcess : room temperatureMeasuring device : thermostat
Toilet water tank
Elements :Controlled variable: water levelReference value: initial setting of float & leverComparison element: leverError signal: difference setting vs lever positionControl unit: pivoted lever (proportional)Correction unit: valveProcess: water level in tankMeasuring device: floating ball & lever
Iron
Elements:Controlled variable : plate temperatureReferences value : temperature settingComparison Element : thermostat (RTD)Error Signal : temperature differenceControl Unit : thermostat (on-off)Correction Unit : electric plate heaterProcess : plate temperatureMeasuring device : thermostat
ExerciseMicrowave ovenWater pumpSegway
Elements:Controlled variable :References value :Comparison Element :Error Signal :Control Unit :Correction Unit :Process :Measuring device :
Purpose of controlTo regulate : maintain certain steady state condition with respect to disturbanceTo manipulate (tracking) :perform a specific predefined task
Copy-milling machine
Elements:Controlled variable :References value :Comparison Element :Error Signal :Control Unit :Correction Unit :Process :Measuring device :
System QualitiesStability
the quality or state of something that is not easily changed or likely to change (Merriam-Webster)The ability of a system to return to its initial/new steady state condition in respond to a disturbance after a certain time
PerformanceHow fast a system response to a disturbance/voluntary change
Robustness How big disturbance can be manage by the system
Challenge in controller development to determine a proper corrective action from the controller that result in system stabilityto determine a proper action from the controller that result in a new desired condition
