Saklar Pengendali Lampu Ruangan Otomatis

7/25/2019 Saklar Pengendali Lampu Ruangan Otomatis

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SAKLAR PENGENDALI LAMPU RUANGAN OTOMATIS

Oleh : Robby Chafidya1

I. PENDAHULUAN

Ee!"i li#$!i% &e!'(a%a %eb'$'ha (!i&e! ba"i &a#ya!a%a$. S'&be!ee!"i li#$!i% di)i($a%a be!a#al da!i bebe!a(a #'&be! ee!"i lai dia$a!aya

$ea"a ai!* $ea"a 'a(* $ea"a '%li!* da &e""'a%a $ea"a baha ba%a!

&iya%. Pe&a%aia ee!"i li#$!i% ya" be!lebiha a%a &e"a%iba$%a

%ela"%aa li#$!i%* %h'#'#ya '$'% ee!"i li#$!i% ya" &e""'a%a $ea"a

baha ba%a! &iya%. Se)a!a $ida% la#'" a%a habi# %a!ea baha ba%a!

&iya% &e!'(a%a #'&be! daya ala& ya" $ida% da(a$ di(e!baha!'i. Ma%a

da!i i$'*ee!"i li#$!i% ha!'# da(a$ di&afaa$%a #e)a!a o($i&al %a!ea e"a!a

%i$a #eda" &e"ala&i %!i#i# ee!"i li#$!i%.

Pe&afaa$a ee!"i li#$!i% de+a#a ii %'!a" efe%$if (a#alya baya%(e!ala$a ele%$!oi% ya" &e"%o#'i li#$!i% #e)a!a be!lebiha. Hal $e!#eb'$

di#ebab%a %a!ea (a!a (e""'a ala$ ele%$!oi% %'!a" #ada! a%a (e$i"ya

ee!"i li#$!i%. Ha&(i! #e&'a ala$ ele%$!oi% &e""'a%a li#$!i% '$'% da(a$

be%e!,a. Salah #a$' (e!ala$a ele%$!oi% ya" &e"%o#'i ee!"i li#$!i%

adalah la&('. La&(' &e!'(a%a hal ya" #a"a$ dib'$'h%a ba"i %ehid'(a

&a'#ia '$'% (ee!a"a* La&(' &e!'(a%a #'a$' ala$ ya" da(a$

&e"ha#il%a )ahaya #ehi""a da(a$ &ee!a"i !'a"a a$a' li"%'"a

#e%i$a! di&aa la&(' $e!#eb'$ be!ada. La&(' #a"a$ dib'$'h%a &a#ya!a%a$

%h'#'#ya di&ala& ha!i a$a' didala& !'a"a "ela(. Na&'* baya% #e%ali

&a#ya!a%a$ ya" &e"abai%a (e""'aa la&('* #e!i" %ali la&(' $e!#eb'$&a#ih $e$a( &eyala +al'(' $ida% di(a%ai a$a' $ida% ada o!a"ya. Hal

$e!#eb'$ &e!'(a%a #alah #a$' (e&bo!o#a e!"i li#$!i%.* De"a #e&a%i

be!%e&ba"ya $e%olo"i ya" &edo!o" (e"he&a$a ee!"i. La&(' $elah

di!a)a" #ede&i%ia !'(a #ehi""a da(a$ &e"he&a$ (e""'aa li#$!i%. Ada

be!ba"ai )a!a '$'% &e"he&a$ (e""'aa la&('. Ma%a '(aya (e"he&a$a

$e!,adiya (e&bo!o#a $e!#eb'$ (e!l' di(a#a" !a"%aia #a%la! la&('

o$o&a$i# de"a &e""'a%a (e"a!'h %ebe!adaa &a'#ia.

Salah #a$'ya de"a la&(' o$o&a$i# de"a &e""'a%a #e#o! PIR*

#e#o! ii be!f'"#i #eba"ai (e""a$i #a%la! da #eba"ai (ede$e%#i%ebe!adaa &a'#ia* #elai i$' ,'"a $e!da(a$ #eb'ah IC &i%!o%o$!ole! #eba"ai

(e"edali* #e!$a LCD #eba"ai idi%a$o!.-Dala& %ehid'(a #eha!iha!i ala$ ii

1 Mahasiswa Politeknik Negeri Malang, Program Studi Teknik Elektro

2 Next System, IC Mikrokontroler bagi manusia, dalamhttp://edukasinextsyswe!id


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#a"a$ be!"'a* di%a!ea%a ala$ ii a%a &e"he&a$ ee!"i. La&(' o$o&a$i#

be%e!,a de"a &ede$e%#i adaya (e!"e!a%a &a'#ia* %e$i%a ada #e#eo!a"

dala& !'a"a &a%a la&(' a%a &eyala da &e&be!i%a $ada %ebe!adaa

&a'#ia &elal'i $a&(ila l)d. De"a be"i$' (e"'aa la&(' da(a$ di he&a$*

%a!ea la&(' a%a &eyala haya ,i%a ada &a'#ia di !'a"a $e!#eb'$.

/e!da#a!%a (a(a!a di a$a#* &a#alah ya" a%a dibaha# dala& $'li#a

Ii di!'&'#%a dala& be$'% (e!$ayaa #eba"ai be!i%'$.

1. /a"ai&aa de"a ala$ ii* la&(' da(a$ &e!i"a%a (e%e!,aa (e&a%ai0

-. A(a ya" &e&b'a$ #e#o! PIR be%e!,a0

. /a"ai&aa )a!a &e"a$'! %ebe!adaa (e&a%ai la&('0

Se#'ai de"a !'&'#a &a#alah di a$a#* $','a ya" i"i di)a(ai dala&

dala& $'li#a ii adalah :

1. U$'% &e"e$ah'i )a!a #a%la! ii &e!i"a%a (e%e!,aa (e&a%ai.

-. U$'% &e,ela#%a )a!a %e!,a #e#o! PIR #eba"ai #e#o! (ede$e%#i

&a'#ia.

. U$'% &e"e$ah'i )a!a &e"a$'! %ebe!adaa (e&a%ai la&(' #eba"ai

#a%la!.


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II. PEM/AHASAN

-. 1 La&(' da(a$ &e!i"a%a (e%e!,aa (e&a%ai

Ala$ ii &e!'(a%a a(li%a#i da!i il&'il&' ya" $elah dida(a$ oleh

(e'li#*#ehi""a de"a dib'a$ ala$ ii (e'li# da(a$ &e"e&ba"%a(o$e#iya da &e&(e!oleh il&' (e"e$ah'a.

Ala$ ii &e&be!i%a io2a#i da (e!%e&ba"a ya" ba!' da!i ala$

#ebel'&ya di dala& bida" il&' (e"e$ah'a.

De"a ala$ ii diha!a(%a da(a$ di"'a%a #eba"ai ala$ ya" hadal*

e%oo&i#* da &'dah dio(e!#i%a ba"i &a#ya!a%a$ #e!$a '(aya

(ea""'la"a #e)a!a dii (e&bo!o#a ee!"i li#$!i%.

Selai i$' la&(' ii da(a$ diyala%a da di(ada&%a $a(a ha!'#di%edali%a. Kebe!adaa &a'#ia da(a$ di"'a%a #eba"ai #a%la! o$o&a$i#

(ada la&('* #ehi""a (e""'aa ee!"i li#$!i% (ada la&(' $ida% be!lebiha.

Sehi""a de"a ala$ ii da(a$ &e""'a%a ala$ ele%$!oi% #e#'ai %eb'$'ha.

La&(' ii da(a$ be%e!,a a(abila ada o!a"ya #a,a de"a )a!a &e&a#a"

#e#o! '$'% &ede$e%#i %ebe!adaa &a'#ia da(a$ &e"hid'(%a la&('.

II.- Se#o! PIR

PIR 3Passive Infrared Receiver4 &e!'(a%a #eb'ah #e#o!

be!ba#i#%a infrared. A%a $e$a(i* $ida% #e(e!$i #e#o! infrared %ebaya%aya" $e!di!i da!i LED dafototransistor. PIR $ida% &e&a)a!%a a(a('

#e(e!$i IR LED. Se#'ai de"aa&aya 5Passive*6 #e#o! ii haya &e!e#(o

ee!"i da!i (a)a!a #ia! if!a&e!ah (a#if ya" di&ili%i oleh #e$ia( beda

ya" $e!de$e%#i olehya. /eda ya" bi#a dide$e%#i oleh #e#o! ii bia#aya

adalah $'b'h &a'#ia.

" M#S$%&'%N, Mikrokontroler, dalam http://wwwmus!ikhin(om/sensor)pir)k(**+"r
http://www.musbikhin.com/http://www.musbikhin.com/sensor-pir-kc7783rhttp://www.musbikhin.com/sensor-pir-kc7783rhttp://www.musbikhin.com/


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Se#o! PIR ii be%e!,a de"a &ea"%a( ee!"i (aa# ya" diha#il%a

da!i (a)a!a #ia! if!a&e!ah (a#if ya" di&ili%i #e$ia( beda de"a #'h'

beda dia$a# ol &'$la%. Se(e!$i $'b'h &a'#ia ya" &e&ili%i #'h' $'b'h %i!a

%i!a - de!a,a$ )el)i'#* ya" &e!'(a%a #'h' (aa# ya" %ha# ya" $e!da(a$

(ada li"%'"a. Pa)a!a #ia! if!a&e!ah iilah ya" %e&'dia di$a"%a(

oleh Py!oele)$!i) #e#o! ya" &e!'(a%a i$i da!i #e#o! PIR ii #ehi""a

&eyebab%a Py!oele)$i) #e#o! ya" $e!di!i da!i "ali'& i$!ida* )ae#i'& i$!a$

da li$i'& $a$ala$e &e"ha#il%a a!'# li#$!i%. Me"a(a bi#a &e"ha#il%a a!'#

li#$!i%* Hal ii di%a!ea%a (a)a!a #ia! if!a&e!ah (a#if ii &e&ba+a

ee!"i (aa#. P!o#e#ya ha&(i! #a&a #e(e!$i a!'# li#$!i% ya" $e!be$'% %e$i%a

#ia! &a$aha!i &e"eai #ola! )ell.7

Me"a(a #e#o! PIR haya be!ea%#i (ada $'b'h &a'#ia #a,a* Hal ii

di#ebab%a %a!ea adaya IR 8il$e! ya" &eya!i" (a,a" "elo&ba" #ia!

if!a&e!ah (a#if. IR 8il$e! di&od'l #e#o! PIR ii &a&(' &eya!i" (a,a""elo&ba" #ia! if!a&e!ah (a#if a$a!a 9 #a&(ai 17 &i%!o&e$e!* #ehi""a

(a,a" "elo&ba" ya" diha#il%a da!i $'b'h &a'#ia ya" be!%i#a! a$a!a

#a&(ai 1; &i%!o&e$e! ii #a,a ya" da(a$ dide$e%#i oleh #e#o!.

M#S$%&'%N, Mikrokontroler, dalam http://wwwmus!ikhin(om/sensor)pir)k(**+"r

- M#S$%&'%N, Mikrokontroler, dalam http://wwwmus!ikhin(om/sensor)pir)k(**+"r
http://www.musbikhin.com/http://www.musbikhin.com/sensor-pir-kc7783rhttp://www.musbikhin.com/http://www.musbikhin.com/sensor-pir-kc7783rhttp://www.musbikhin.com/http://www.musbikhin.com/sensor-pir-kc7783rhttp://www.musbikhin.com/http://www.musbikhin.com/sensor-pir-kc7783r


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d. I@O 3UnitInput / Output4

Ui$ ii be!f'"#i a"a! &i%!o%o$!ole! da(a$ be!%o&'i%a#i dala& fo!&a$

#e!ial a$a' (a!alel* #ehi""a da(a$ be!%o&'i%a#i de"a &'dah de"a PC

da de2i)e #$ada! di"i$al laiya.

e. Ti&e!#

Ti&e! be!"'a '$'% (e+a%$'a (ada #i#$e& be!ba#i# &i%!o%o$!ole!*

&i#alya '$'% delay a$a' (e)a)ah.

A"a! da(a$ di"'a%a* #eb'ah &i%!o(!o#e#o! &e&e!l'%a $a&baha

%o&(oe* #e(e!$i &e&o!i '$'% &eyi&(a (!o"!a& da da$a*

,'"a interface inputoutput'$'% be!h'b'"a de"a d'ia l'a!. PIC1>89??A

&e!'(a%a &i%!o%o$!ole! ya" #'dah )'%'( la&a direlease* #e%i$a! $ah'

1.

Mi!ro!ontroler Microc"ip PIC1>89??A &e&ili%i #e,'&lah fi$'!* #e(e!$i:

a. 9% (!o"!a& &e&o!y 317 bi$#4

b. -=> by$e# ee(!o&

). 9 )hael Aalo" $o Di"i$al Co2e!$e!

d. (i I@O

e. - )hael PM

De"a %!i#$al -;MHB ya" &e"ha#il%a %e)e(a$a e%#e%'#i !a$a

!a$a -;; aode$i%* boa!d ii ideal '$'% be!a"a& a(li%a#i $e!&a#'% a(li%a#i

!obo$i%.

Mi%!o%o$!ole! adalahsingle c"ip%o&('$e! ya" &e&ili%i %e&a&('a'$'% di(!o"!a& da di"'a%a '$'% $'"a#$'"a#ya" be!o!ie$a#i %o$!ol.

Mi%!o%o$!ole! da$a" de"a d'a ala#a '$a&a* ya" (e!$a&a adalah

%eb'$'ha (a#a! 3mar!et need4 da ya" %ed'a adalah (e!%e&ba"a $e%olo"i

ba!'. a" di&a%#'d de"a %eb'$'ha (a#a! adalah %eb'$'ha ya" l'a#

da!i (!od'%(!od'% ele%$!oi% a%a (e!a"%a$ (i$a! #eba"ai (e"o$!ol da

(e&!o#e# da$a. Seda"%a ya" di&a%#'d de"a (e!%e&ba"a $e%olo"i

ba!' adalah (e!%e&ba"a $e%olo"i #e&i%od'%$o! ya" &e&'"%i%a

(e&b'a$a )hi( de"a %e&a&('a %o&('$a#i ya" #a"a$ )e(a$* be$'% ya"

#e&a%i &'"il* da ha!"a ya" #e&a%i &'!ah.

/e!da#a!%a ,'&lah bi$ya &i%!o%o$!ole! dibeda%a &e,adi 7* yai$':

a. Mi%!o%o$!ole! 7 bi$.

Mi%!o%o$!ole! 7 bi$ &e!'(a%a Mi%!o%o$!ole! de"a ,'&lah bi$ da$a

$e!%e)il. Mi%!o%o$!ole! ,ei# ii di(!od'%#i '$'% &e&ii&al%a ,'&lah.

b. Mi%!o%o$!ole! 9 bi$.


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Mi%!o%o$!ole! 9 bi$ &e!'(a%a &i%!o%o$!ole! ya" (ali" baya%

di"'a%a '$'% (e%e!,aa(e%e!,aa (e!hi$'"a #e%ala %e)il.


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). Mi%!o%o$!ole! 1> bi$.

Dibadi"%a de"a &i%!o%o$!ole! 9 bi$* &i%!o%o$!ole! 1> bi$

&e&ili%i )lo)% da '%'!a da$a ya" lebih $i""i. Mi%!o%o$!ole! 1> bi$

di"'a%a '$'% &e"o$!ol le"a !obo$ da a(li%a#i Di"i$al Si"alP!o)e##i" 3DSP4.

d. Mi%!o%o$!ole! - bi$.

Mi%!o%o$!ole! - /i$ di$a!"e$%a '$'% o(e!a#i !obo$* i#$!'&e$

)e!da#* A2ioi)#* I&a"e P!o)e##i"* Tele%o&'i%a#i* A'$o&obil*

da#eba"aiya. P!o"!a& P!o"!a& a(li%a#iya be%e!,a de"a #y#$e& O(e!a#i.


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III. PENUTUP

/e!da#a!%a (e&baha#a di a$a#* di(e!oleh %e#i&('la #eba"ai be!i%'$.

Sa%la! Pe"edali La&(' ya" be!baha '$a&a $e"a"a li#$!i% #eba"ai ala$

'$'% &e&ii&ali#i! (e&b'a"a li#$!i% #e)a!a (e!)'&a. Hal $e!#eb'$ a%a

be!&afaa$ ba"i %ehid'(a &a'#ia. Selai i$'* #a%la! ii di%a$a%a #a"a$

be!&afaa$ ba"i %ehid'(a &a'#ia %a!ea da(a$ di"'a%a $a(a &ee%a

#aa$ &a' &eyala%a a$a' &e&a$i%a. 8a%$o! lai adalah #a%la! (e"edali ii

$ida% &e""'a%a ee!"y ya" )'%'( baya% dala& (e&a%aiaya.

Se#o! PIR ii be%e!,a de"a &ea"%a( ee!"i (aa# ya" diha#il%a

da!i (a)a!a #ia! if!a&e!ah (a#if ya" di&ili%i #e$ia( beda de"a #'h'

beda dia$a# ol &'$la%. Se(e!$i $'b'h &a'#ia ya" &e&ili%i #'h' $'b'h %i!a

%i!a - de!a,a$ )el)i'#* ya" &e!'(a%a #'h' (aa# ya" %ha# ya" $e!da(a$

(ada li"%'"a. Pa)a!a #ia! if!a&e!ah iilah ya" %e&'dia di$a"%a(

oleh Py!oele)$!i) #e#o! ya" &e!'(a%a i$i da!i #e#o! PIR ii #ehi""a&eyebab%a Py!oele)$i) #e#o! ya" $e!di!i da!i "ali'& i$!ida* )ae#i'& i$!a$

da li$i'& $a$ala$e &e"ha#il%a a!'# li#$!i%. Me"a(a bi#a &e"ha#il%a a!'#

li#$!i%* Hal ii di%a!ea%a (a)a!a #ia! if!a&e!ah (a#if ii &e&ba+a

ee!"i (aa#. P!o#e#ya ha&(i! #a&a #e(e!$i a!'# li#$!i% ya" $e!be$'% %e$i%a

#ia! &a$aha!i &e"eai #ola! )ell.

Ala$ ii &a#ih ,a'h da!i #e&('!a di&aa &a#ih lebih baya% la"i

di(e!l'%a (e!bai%a(e!bai%a. Ala$ ii ,'"a ih a%a di%e&ba"%a la"i.

Ta!"e$ #ebea!ya da!i ala$ ii adalah la&(' $e!#eb'$ $ida% haya (ada&

a(abila $ida% ada o!a" #a,a* $e$a(i a(abila !'a"aya ,'"a $e!a" la&('

$e!#eb'$ a%a (ada& ('la.


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DA8TAR PUSTAKA

M#S$%&'%N, 5Mikrokontroler, dalam http://wwwmus!ikhin(om/sensor)pir)

k(**+"r0diakses tanggal 6esem!er 231"4

Next System, IC Mikrokontroler bagi manusia, dalam

http://edukasinextsyswe!id0diakses tanggal 6esem!er 231"4

io$o* -;;9.Mi!ro!ontroler.

Saklar Pengendali Lampu Ruangan Otomatis

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