STIEPAR YAPARI AKTRIPA BANDUNG

1. Mendukung Pelestarian Alam dan Perlindungan lingkungan

2. Pelaksanaan kegitaan di sekitar kawasan (destinasi) dilakukan dengan rasa tanggung jawab yang tinggi dengan menggunakan prinsip – prinsip manajemen hijau/ramah lingkungan

3. Menciptakan kemitraan lokal4. Pariwisata yang berdampak negative

rendah

Prinsip dasar pengembangan kawasan wisata

5. Keuntungan ekonomi bagi masyarakat lokal6. Menggunakan panduan yang umum dan

dapat dipertanggung jawabkan 7. Perencanaan pengembangan pariwisata

yang terpadu dan berkelanjutan8. Pengalaman yang tidak terlupakan di

daerah tujuan wisata yang eksotik9. Pendidikan lingkungan, kepedulian dan

tanggapan terhadap sumber daya10. Pelibatan masyarakat lokal

Prinsip dasar pengembangan kawasan wisata

There must be a balance between “a degree or type of development that will bring economic and other benefits to a community and the point at which that development starts to feed on rather than sustain the very elements at its basis.” (Cronin, 1990)

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Sustainable Tourism Development

Follow ethical principles

Involve the local population

Give the local population an element of control

Be undertaken with equity in mind(Cronin, 1990)

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Criteria for Sustainable Development

1. Define goals of STD for a destination.2. Establish appropriate planning and management

framework.3. Select relevant indicators from a candidate list of

environmental, economic, and socio-cultural criteria.4. Measure and monitor these indicators.5. Periodically analyze and assess

indicator performance.6. Determine whether original goals

are being achieved.7. Implement remedial action if necessary.

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Operationalizing Sustainable Tourism Development

Source: Weaver & Lawton, 1999

Environmental◦ Destruction or alteration of natural habitat by tourism construction◦ Amount of litter associated with tourism activities◦ Resource consumption associated with tourism

Economic◦ Revenues earned directly from tourism◦ Proportion of destination employment associated with tourism◦ Profitability of individual operations

Socio-Cultural◦ Number of resident complaints against tourism◦ Amount of crime directed against tourists◦ Number and condition of heritage structures and sites◦ Integrity of the local culture

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Candidate Sustainable Tourism Indicators

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SustainabilityAn “Ideal” Balance of Capacities in Three Systems

Economic Environmental

Socio-Cultural

Maximize Goal Achievement across the three systems at one and the same time through an Adaptive Process of Trade-Offs.

The more the three systems and goals converge, the more sustainable development becomes.

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SustainabilityAn “Ideal” Balance of Capacities in Three Systems

EnvironmentalEconomic

Socio-Cultural

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Sustainability—The Reality

Political-Legal System

Economic

Environmental

Socio-Cultural

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Sustainability—The Reality

Political-Legal System

Economic

Socio-Cultural

Environmental

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Sustainability—The Reality

Political-Legal System

Economic

Environmental

Socio-Cultural

Not possible to maximize all goals at the same time through an adaptive process of trade-offs.

Conflict almost always exists between and among inter- and intra-system goals.

As a result of values, choices are made as to which goals are more valuable and which should receive higher priority.

As a result, different development strategies assign different priorities to the systems and their goals. 13

Sustainability—The Reality

Concept of sustainable development provokes groups at different levels to set a wide spectrum of goals and then to reconcile them.

“It is this reconciliation or trade-offs implicit in sustainable development that has inspired much useful work since the early 1980s… [amounting] to a new renaissance in thinking in social welfare and development issues.” (Holmberg & Sandbrook, 1992)

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Sustainability—The Reality

Patterns of sustainable development must be built from the bottom up, showing what can be achieved at local levels and then working to disseminate positive experiences. (Holmberg &

Sandbrook, 1992)

“Increased emphasis is being placed on those forms of tourism that are particularly sensitive to promoting and retaining the integrity of natural and socio-cultural environments.” (Swinnerton & Hinch, 1994)

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There is No “Shortcut to Sustainability!”