2

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PERSETUJUANLEMBAR PENGESAHANKATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ DARTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... DAFTAR GAMBAR ..........................................................................................

I. PENDAHULUAN1.1 Latar Belakang ........................................................................................1.2 Tujuan .....................................................................................................1.3 Manfaat ...................................................................................................1.4 Hipotesa ..................................................................................................

II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA2.1 Talas ........................................................................................................2.2 Pati Talas .................................................................................................2.3 Hidrolisis Pati Enzimatis .........................................................................

2.3.1 Gelatinisasi .....................................................................................2.3.2 Liquifikasi .......................................................................................2.3.3 Sakarifikasi .....................................................................................

2.4 Enzim yang Berperan Dalam Proses Hidrolisis Pati ...............................2.4.1 Enzim -amilase .............................................................................2.4.2 Dextrozyme ....................................................................................

2.5 Sirup Glukosa ..........................................................................................2.6 Fermentasi Etanol ....................................................................................2.7 Saccharomyces cerevisiae .......................................................................2.8 Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Fermentasi Etanol ...........................2.9 Etanol .......................................................................................................

III. METODOLOGI PENELITIAN3.1 Tempat dan Waktu ..................................................................................3.2 Bahan dan Alat ........................................................................................

3.2.1 Bahan ..............................................................................................3.2.2 Alat .................................................................................................

3.3 Rancangan Percobaan .............................................................................3.4 Pelaksanaan Penelitian

3.4.1 Proses Pembuatan Pati Talas .........................................................3.4.2 Proses Pembuatan Sirup Glukosa ...................................................3.4.3 Pembuatan Biakan Murni Saccharomyces cerevisiae ....................3.4.4 Pembuatan PDB dan Starter Cair ...................................................3.4.5 Proses Fermentasi Etanol ................................................................

3.5 Analisa Data ............................................................................................

i ii iii iv

1333

4679

10121213141718222426

2929293031

323333343435

IV. PEMBAHASAN4.1 Analisa Bahan Baku ................................................................................ 394.2 Analisa Sirup Glukosa Talas ................................................................... 404.3 Analisa Medium Sebelum dan Sesudah Fermentasi ............................... 43

4.3.1 Total Gula........................................................................................ 454.3.2 Total Padatan Terlarut..................................................................... 474.3.3 Kadar Etanol ................................................................................... 514.3.4 Efisiensi Fermentasi ....................................................................... 554.3.5 pH ..................................................................................... 584.3.6 Kadar Abu ...................................................................................... 61

4.4 Analisa Kadar Etanol Medium Sesudah Destilasi ................................... 634.5 Perlakuan Terbaik ................................................................................... 65

IV. PENUTUP5.1 Kesimpulan .............................................................................................. 675.2 Saran ........................................................................................................ 67

DAFTAR PUSTAKA......................................................................................... 69

LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................... 76

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1. Komposisi Zat Gizi Umbi Talas Segar ............................................... 5Tabel 2. Presentase Komposisi Karbohidrat pada Umbi Talas Segar ............... 5Tabel 3. Tigkatan Mutu Sirup Glukosa ............................................................ 18Tabel 4. Data Perolehan Etanol pada Berbagai Jenis Komoditas ..................... 28Tabel 5. Hasil Analisa Bahan Baku Pati Talas ................................................. 39Tabel 6. Hasil Analisa Sirup Glukosa Talas ...................................................... 41Tabel 7. Hasil Analisa Medium Sebelum Fermentasi ....................................... 44Tabel 8. Hasil Analisa Medium Sesudah Fermentasi ....................................... 44Tabel 9. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula Medium dan Lama Fermentasi

Terhadap Total Gula Setelah Fermentasi ............................................ 46Tabel 10. Rerata TPT Akibat Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula Medium dan

Lama Fermentasi ................................................................................ 49Tabel 11. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula Medium Terhadap Kadar Etanol............. 52Tabel 12. Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi Terhadap Kadar Etanol ........................... 53Tabel 13. Data Kadar Etanol dan Efisiensi Fermentasi ...................................... 56Tabel 14. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula Medium Terhadap Efisiensi Fermentasi.. 57Tabel 15. Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi Terhadap Efisiensi Fermentasi ............... 58Tabel 16. Rerata pH Akibat Pengaruh Kosentasi Gula Medium dan Lama

Fermentasi............................................................................................ 60Tabel 17. Rerata Kadar Abu Akibat Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula Medium dan

Lama Fermentasi ................................................................................. 62Tabel 18. Data Hasil Destilasi Etanol ................................................................. 64Tabel 19. Data Analisa Perlakuan Terbaik ......................................................... 66

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1. (a) Tanaman Talas (b) Umbi Talas................................................... 4Gambar 2. Fermentasi Etanol ............................................................................ 20Gambar 3. Total Gula Akhir (%) Akibat Perlakuan Konsentrasi Gula Medium

dan Lama Fermentasi ...................................................................... 45Gambar 4. Grafik Rerata Total Padatan Terlarut Akhir Fermentasi Akibat

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula Medium dan Lama Fermentasi ........... 48Gambar 5. Grafik Korelasi Antara Total Gula dan Total Padatan Terlarut ....... 50Gambar 6. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula Medium dan Lama Fermentasi

Terhadap Kadar Etanol ................................................................... 51Gambar 7. Korelasi Antara Total Gula Terpakai Dengan Kadar Etanol ........... 54Gambar 8. Grafik Hasil Analisa Efisiensi Fermentasi Etanol Akibat

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula Medium dan Lama Fermentasi............ 55Gambar 9. Grafik Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula Medium dan Lama Fermentasi

Terhadap pH Akhir Fermentasi ....................................................... 59Gambar 10. Grafik Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gula Medium dan lama Fermentasi

Terhadap Kadar Abu Selama Fermentasi ........................................ 62Gambar 11. Sirup Glukosa Talas ........................................................................ 95Gambar 12. Etanol Hasil Destilasi ....................................................................... 95Gambar 13. Destilator .......................................................................................... 95Gambar 14. Skema Destilator .............................................................................. 96