PANDUAN PENULISAN SKRIPSI

PADA PROGRAM STUDI

TEKNIK INDUSTRI

UNIVERSITAS PRESIDEN

Oleh

Johan Oscar

NIM: xxxxxxxxx

Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Akademik

Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Strata Satu

pada Fakultas Teknik

Program Studi Teknik Industri

2012

2 spasi single , TNR 16

6 enter spasi single

TNR 16

(dapat disesuaikan jika

judul terlalu panjang/

pendek)

5 enter spasi single

TNR 14

6 enter spasi single

TNR 14

A4, 80gram

Margin:

left= 4 cm,

Bottom=right= top= 3 cm

(Paragraph Spacing Before

& After = 0 pt)

Logo

President University

tinggi = 1,78”

lebar= 1,58”

Center, TNR 16

Bold , Single

Center, TNR 14

Bold , Single

Center, TNR 14

Bold , Single

Center, TNR 14

Bold , Single

ii

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING

Skripsi berjudul “Increasing Line Efficiency in W1234 by using Time

Study and Line Balancing (A case study in PT XI)” yang disusun

dan diajukan oleh Yosi Twentiarani sebagai salah satu persyaratan

untuk mendapatkan gelar sarjana Strata Satu (S1) pada Fakultas

Teknik telah ditinjau dan dianggap memenuhi persyaratan sebuah

skripsi. Oleh karena itu, Saya merekomendasikan skripsi ini untuk

maju sidang.

Cikarang, Indonesia, 31 Januari 2012

Herwan Yusmira, Bsc. MET, MTech. (Nama Pembimbing)

2 enter spasi 1.5 , TNR 16

2 enter spasi 1.5 , TNR 14

4 enter 1.5 space, TNR 14

TNR 16 Bold

TNR 14

spasi 1,5

iii

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS

Saya menyatakan bahwa skripsi berjudul “Increasing Line

Efficiency in W1234 by using Time Study and Line Balancing (A

case study in PTXI)” adalah hasil dari pekerjaan saya dan seluruh

ide, pendapat atau materi dari sumber lain telah dikutip dengan cara

penulisan referensi yang sesuai.

Pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenar-benarnya dan jika pernyataan

ini tidak sesuai dengan kenyataan maka saya bersedia menanggung

sanksi yang akan dikenakan pada saya.

Cikarang, Indonesia, 31 Januari 2012

Yosi Twentiarani

iv

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

INCREASING LINE EFFICIENCY OF W1234 BY

USING TIME STUDY AND LINE BALANCING

(A case study in PTXI)

Oleh

Yosi Twentiarani

ID No. 00420080023

Disetujui Oleh

Herwan Yusmira, B.Sc. MET, MTech Johan Oscar Ong, ST., MT.

Pembimbing 1 Pembimbing 2

Herwan Yusmira, B.Sc. MET, MTech

Ketua Program Studi Teknik Industri

7 enter spasi 1,5, TNR 12

6 enter spasi 1,5, TNR 14

1 enter spasi 1,5, TNR 14

2 enter spasi 1,5, TNR 16

center,

TNR 16

Spasi 1,5

TNR 12,

Spasi 1,5

TNR 12,

Spasi 1,5

1 enter spasi 1,5, TNR 16

v

ABSTRAK

Abstrak ditulis tidak lebih dari 200 kata dengan menggunakan jenis huruf Times

New Roman 12 pt spasi 1,5. Abstrak meliputi seluruh proses riset/penelitian

dimulai dari latar belakang masalah, metodologi penelitian dan hasil.

Kata kunci: minimum 6 kata kunci

ABSTRACT

Abstrak dalam bahasa Inggris ditulis tidak lebih dari 200 kata dengan

menggunakan jenis huruf Times New Roman 12 pt spasi 1,5 dan miring (Italic).

Keywords:

2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12

2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12

3 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12

vi

KATA PENGANTAR

Segala puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas

segala berkat dan karuniaNya, penulis mampu menyelesaikan penyusunan skripsi.

Laporan skripsi ini tidak akan terwujud tanpa dukungan dari berbagai pihak

melalui bantuan, dorongan, dan doa. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini penulis

mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada:

1. Kedua orang tua saya yang telah mencurahkan kasih sayangnya selama ini.

2. Bapak Herwan selaku pembimbing skripsi dan Ketua Program Studi Jurusan

Teknik Industri

(Times New Roman 12pt dengan spasi 1.5, tidak ada penambahan spasi

sebelum dan sesudah paragraph (do not add space between paragraphs))

2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12

vii

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING ....................................................... i

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ..................................................... ii

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .................................................................................. iii

ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ v

KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... vi

DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... vii

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. ix

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ x

DAFTAR ISTILAH .............................................................................................. xi

BAB I PENDAHULIAN ...................................................................................... 1

1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah ......................................................................... 1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................. 4

1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................... 4

1.4. Batasan Masalah ..................................................................................... 5

1.5. Asumsi.................................................................................................... 5

1.6. Sistematika Penulisan............................................................................. 5

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .......................................................................... 9

2.1. Vehicle Routing Problem ....................................................................... 9

2.1.1 Definition ...................................................................................... 9

2.1.2 Basic VRP Model .......................................................................... 10

2.1.2.1 Travelling Salesman Problem ........................................... 10

2.1.2.2 Set Part Partitioning .......................................................... 11

2.1.3 VRP Classifications ...................................................................... 12

2.2. Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Window (VRPTW) ....................... 14

2.3. Vehicle Routing Problem with Multiple Trips (VRPMT) ...................... 15

BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN.............................................................. 33

3.1. Observasi Pendahuluan .......................................................................... 33

3.2. Identifikasi Permasalahan ...................................................................... 34

3.3. Tinjauan Pustaka .................................................................................... 36

viii

3.4. Pengumpulan dan Pengolahan Data ....................................................... 36

3.4.1 Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................. 36

3.4.2 Pengolahan Data ................................................................................ 36

3.5. Analisis ................................................................................................... 37

3.6. Kesimpulan dan Saran ............................................................................ 37

BAB IV PENGOLAHAN DATA DAN ANALISI .............................................. 38

4.1. Initial Efficiency ..................................................................................... 38

4.2. Improvement through Kaizen 555 ......................................................... 39

4.3. Analisis ………………………………………...………………………50

BabV SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ........................................................................ 78

5.1. Simpulan ................................................................................................ 78

5.2. Saran ....................................................................................................... 79

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 80

LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................................... 81

Lampiran 1 Picture of Equipments ........................................................ 81

Lampiran 2 OPC of W1234 before Observation .................................... 86

(Times New Roman 12pt with 1.5 line spacing, no adding space between lines)

ix

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1 Comparison table among four techniques of work measurement .... 10

Tabel 3.2 Westinghouse System Scoring ......................................................... 12

Tabel 4.1 Performance factor calculation ........................................................ 15

(Penamaan gambar harus sesuai dengan urutan bab dan diikuti urutan table pada

bab bersangkutan. Sebagai contoh, Tabel 3.1. dapat dilihat pada bab 3 dan

merupakan tabel pertama pada bab 3)

2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12

x

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 3.1 Example of Operation Process Chart ......................................... 9

Gambar 3.2 An example of precedence diagram ............................................ 11

Gambar 4.1 Flowchart of simulation making ................................................. 14

(Penamaan gambar harus sesuai dengan urutan bab dan diikuti urutan gambar

pada bab bersangkutan. Sebagai contoh, Gambar 3.1. dapat dilihat pada bab 3

dan merupakan gambar pertama pada bab 3)

2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12

xi

DAFTAR ISTILAH

Balance delay : the amount of idle on production assembly lines caused by the

uneven division of work among operators and stations

Cycle time : the period required to complete one cycle of an operation, or to

complete a function, job, or task from start to finish

(Times New Roman 12pt with 1.5 line spacing, no adding space between lines)

1

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN (TNR 16, 1.5space)

1.1.Latar Belakang Masalah

Having high efficiency is very beneficial for a company. One of the benefits is

related to the internal of the company itself. When the efficiency is high, it means

that all resources such as men, raw material, machines, and space are well-

utilized. Thus, excess resources can be allocated for other projects. Moreover, the

company could also spend proper cost of production when the efficiency is high.

Another benefit is increase the value of the company in the midst of business

competition. The company will be able to produce more output with a shorter lead

time in fulfilling demand from customers. Those are some benefits of having high

efficiency.

1.2.Rumusan Masalah

The background of the problem leads into the statement below.

What is the root cause of having low line efficiency in costume sewing of

W1234?

How to increase the line efficiency in costume sewing of W1234?

1.3.Tujuan Penelitian

The main objective of this research is to increase the line efficiency in from 57.6%

into 90%. Absolutely, it also means that the target output will be achieved, 500

finished costumes a day. Thus the overtime will be eliminated. By doing this final

project, there are some secondary objectives could be achieved. Those are:

Removing hand-to-mouth system

Reducing cost of production

1.4.Batasan Masalah

Due to limited time and resources in doing this research, there will be some scope

in the observation:

2 enter 1.5 space, TNR 12

2

The observation is only done in dress part of W1234.

This project is done in October, 12 -20, 2011.

Adding or eliminating sewing operator could be executed by Sewing

Production Department.

1.5.Asumsi (jika ada)

Some assumptions have to be made in order to run this model properly.

There will be no defect in the midst of sewing process.

The target output is always the same.

1.6.Sistematika Penulisa

Bab I Pendahuluan

This chapter consists of the background of final project, project

identification, objective, scope and assumption of the study.

Baba II Tinjauan Pustaka

This chapter delivers the previous study about time study, line

balancing, and other tools which support this final project.

Bab III Metodologi Penelitian

The flow of this final project is explained in this chapter.

Bab IV Pengolahan Data dan Analisis

The data observation is processed and analyzed in this chapter. The

result of data analysis is a new arrangement of line W1234 which

expected to increase the line efficiency.

Bab V Kesimpulan dan Saran

This chapter will give the conclusion result of this final project,

and also recommendation for future research.

3

BAB II

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2.1.Normality Test

Beside the normality, the uniformity of the data also needs to be examined. A set

of data may fulfill the law in normality test but the variance is too wide. Thus the

data is significantly different one another. Therefore, a limit must be created in

this test to make sure that all data is in expected range area. If it is found a data

outside the limit, that data must be removed. These are the steps to determine the

uniformity of a set of data:

a. Calculate average observed time ( ) for each operation.

∑

(2-1)

b. Calculate the standard deviation (s) of each operation (Wignjosoebroto, 2000).

√∑

(2-2)

(All equations have to be numbered by number of chapter following the order of the

equation in the chapter. For instance, equation 2-1can be found in chapter 2 and located

at the second equation).

(All table, figures, drawings and half-tone illustrations (pictures) should, as far as

possible, appear in appropriate place within the body of the text, and must be in a form

suitable for printing. The alignment of a figure is in center and in left for a table. Figures

should be in frameless format)

Table 4.1 Sewing line efficiency of W1234 (TNR 11pt bold)

Date Operator Overtime Output Line

(hours) (in thousand) Efficiency

10-Oct-11 9 16 0.3 44.6%

11-Oct-11 9 16 0.375 55.8%

14-Oct-11 9 34 0.5 61.8%

15-Oct-11 9 30 0.5 64.2%

Total 141 2.535

4

Figure 4.1 Yamazumi Chart of W1234 in the initial observation by Kaizen 555 team

(TNR 11pt Bold)

Citing References

The references should be listed in the alphabetical order of the author names

and in the order of the publication years within the same author’s works.

Each reference should be written in the order of the authors, the publication

year, the title or source.

Journal names, names of conferences, proceedings, and book titles should be

italicized and should have the first character of each word uppercase, except

for the conjunctions and articles.

The article title should be written between apostrophes, e.g., ”The Example

of….” and should have the first character of each word uppercase, except for

the conjunctions and articles. The volume, series and pages are written

consecutively.

The three or more authors of a reference should be written as the first author

followed by 'et al.', for instance, (Forza et al.,1993) at the end of a sentence,

Forza et al. (1993) in a sentence. It is recommended to avoid referring a Web

source since the availability is not secured. If there is an official document

source, for instance, a journal paper, for the same document, please refer the

official document. However, you may sparingly use Web sources. In the case,

when available, the title, the author name, and the year should be clarified in

addition to the detailed address.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Tim

e (s

)

Workstation

Initial Observation in Kaizen 555

Initial

Observation

in Kaizen

555

5

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Forza, C., Vinelli, A., and Filippini, R., Telecommunication Services for Quick

Response in the Textile-Apparel Industry, Proceedings of the 1st International

Symposium on Logistics, The University of Nottingham, 1993, pp. 119-26.

Holmes, C. C., and Mallick, B. K., Generalized Nonlinear Modeling with

Multivariate Free-Knot, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 98(462),

2003, pp. 352-365.

Klir, J., and Yuan, B., Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic: Theory and Applications,

Prentice-Hall, New Delhi, 2001.

Lyche, T., and Morken, K., Spline Methods, Draft, 2004, retrieved from

http://www.ubuion./umn/english/index.html on 09 November 2009.

Mallian, H., Studi Literatur tentang Model Peramalan ARMA(p,q) dan Selang

Keper-cayaan Parameter Model dengan Menggunakan Bootstrap, Tugas Akhir,

Jurusan Teknik Industri, Universitas Kristen Petra, Surabaya, 2006.

1 enter single space, TNR 12

6

LAMPIRAN