KARYA TULIS AKHIR

PENGARUH BRAIN TRAINING TERHADAP ATENSI PADA

MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS

MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

Oleh:

Aditya Mahendra Putra

201510330311139

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN

2019

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HASIL PENELITIAN

PENGARUH BRAIN TRAINING TERHADAP ATENSI PADA

MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS

MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

KARYA TULIS AKHIR

Diajukan kepada

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Persyaratan

dalam Menyelesaikan Program Sarjana

Fakultas Kedokteran

Oleh:

Aditya Mahendra Putra

201510330311139

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN

2019

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KATA PENGANTAR

Segala puji bagi Allah SWT atas segala rahmat dan hidayah-Nya, shalawat

serta salam terlimpahkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW, keluarga dan para

sahabatnya. Syukur alhamdulillah, penulis telah berhasil menyelesaikan karya

tulis akhir yang berjudul “ Pengaruh Brain Training Terhadap Atensi Pada

Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang”.

Dalam penyelesaian karya tulis akhir ini penulis ingin mengucapkan

terima kasih yang tak terhingga kepada :

1. Dr. dr. Meddy Setiawan, Sp.PD, FINASIM selaku Dekan Fakultas

Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

2. dr. Moch. Ma’roef, Sp.OG selaku Wakil Dekan I Fakultas Kedokteran

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang dan selaku dosen wali penulis yang

selalu memberikan pelajaran berharga bagi penulis.

3. dr. Sri Adila Nurainiwati, Sp.KK selaku Wakil Dekan II Fakultas Kedokteran

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

4. dr. Indra Setiawan, Sp.THT-KL selaku Wakil Dekan III Fakultas Kedokteran

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

5. dr. Moh Bahrudin, Sp.S selaku pembimbing pertama atas bimbingan,

dukungan, dan saran yang telah diberikan dalam penyusunan karya tulis akhir

ini.

6. dr. Hanna Cakrawati, M.Biomed selaku pembimbing kedua atas bimbingan,

dukungan, dan saran yang telah diberikan dalam penyusunan karya tulis

akhir.

vii

7. dr. Iwan Sis Indrawanto, Sp.KJ selaku penguji atas bimbingan, dukungan,

dan saran yang telah diberikan dalam penyusunan karya tulis akhir ini.

8. Mbak Deva dan Mas Abdullah yang telah membantu penulis dalam analisis

data melaksanakan uji hasil penelitian.

9. Mbak Patmawati, S.Pd, Mas Nyono Putra Rusman, S.Pd, Mas

Miftachurohman, Amd.Kim, Bapak Drs. Joko Trisilo Wahono selaku Staf

Laboratorium Biomedik dan Farmakologi yang telah membantu penulis

dalam pelaksanaan penelitian.

10. Bu Hj. Sri Endah, Mbak Nuke Yuni Astari, SE, Mbak Citra Lestari, S.Ikom,

Mas Joko Febriantoro, S.Ikom, Pak Heriyanto, dan Mas Burhanudin Jauhari,

SE selaku Staf Tata Usaha yang telah membantu penulis dalam mengurus

administrasi dan penyelesaian KTA.

11. Guru dan dosen pengajar FK UMM yang telah memberikan bekal ilmu

pengetahuan dan nasehat dunia dan akhirat.

12. Ibu, Ibu, Ibunda Yulia Nanik dan Ayahanda Hendra Gunalan yang selalu

memberi semangat dan bersedia menjadi tempat bersandar dan motivator

utama bagi penulis .

13. dr. Ditha Yusdiyanti dan Adni Pratiwi yang sudah memberikan inspirasi dan

membantu penelitian penulis.

14. Keluarga besar Laboratorium skill FK UMM yang sudah mengajarkan

penulis banyak hal dan memberi semangat bagi penulis untuk menyelesaikan

KTA.

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15. TFLS grup yang senantiasa menemani penulis dan berbagi cerita dengan

penulis mulai dari tahun 2013 hingga maut yang akan memisahkan, semoga

kalian sukses dengan cara kalian masing-masing.

16. PUBG squad Aditya Muhammad Ibrahim, Bayu Destiawan, Bima Mahardika

Aji, Divi Aditya, Moh Nurul Jadid, Naufal Ryandi, Rasyid Ridho yang

membantu penelitian penulis dan membantu penulis mencapai rank ace.

Semoga kita bisa conqueror pada season selanjutnya.

17. Player Musiman yang senantiasa menemani dikala suka dan duka serta tak

segan mengingatkan penulis untuk menyelesaikan penelitian tepat waktu dan

tak hentinya memberi dukungan bagi penulis.

18. Keluarga besar BEM FK UMM yang sudah seperti keluarga dan menjadi

tempat ketika penulis merasa di titik terendah dan tak hentinya memberikan

semangat bagi penulis.

19. Sejawat dan keluarga besar Metacarpal 2015 yang tetap erat jalinan

kekeluargaan mulai dari pesmaba tahun 2015 hingga sekarang, semoga kalian

selalu sehat dan sukses walaupun kita terpisah gelombang coass.

Karya tulis akhir ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan, penulis mohon maaf

yang sebesar-besarnya dan mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang membangun.

Semoga karya tulis ini dapat menambah wawasan dan bermanfaat bagi semua

pihak.

Malang, Juli 2019

Penulis

xi

Daftar Isi LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ............................................................................ iii

PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS .................................................................. iv

LEMBAR PENGUJIAN .................................................................................. v

KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................... vi

ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... ix

ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... x

DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... xi

DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... xiv

DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................... xv

DAFTAR SINGKATAN ................................................................................ xvi

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................... xvii

BAB 1 ......................................................................................................................... 1

PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................................................. 1

1.1. LATAR BELAKANG ............................................................................................. 1

1.2 RUMUSAN MASALAH .......................................................................................... 3

1.3. TUJUAN PENELITIAN .......................................................................................... 3

1.3.1 Tujuan Umum .................................................................................................... 3

1.3.1 Tujuan Khusus ................................................................................................... 3

1.4. MANFAAT PENELITIAN...................................................................................... 3

1.4.1 Manfaat bagi peneliti ......................................................................................... 3

1.4.2 Manfaat bagi ilmu pengetahuan ......................................................................... 3

1.4.3 Manfaat bagi masyarakat ................................................................................... 3

BAB 2 ................................................................................................................................. 4

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ..................................................................................................... 4

2.1 Definisi brain training .............................................................................................. 4

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2.2 Atensi ........................................................................................................................ 6

2.2.1 Definisi atensi .................................................................................................... 6

2.2.2 Jenis atensi ......................................................................................................... 7

2.2.2.1 Divided Attention .......................................................................................... 7

2.2.2.2 Selective Attention ........................................................................................ 8

2.2.2.3 Sustained Attention ....................................................................................... 8

2.2.2.4 Alternating Attention .................................................................................... 9

2.2.3 Faktor yang memengaruhi atensi ....................................................................... 9

2.2.3.1 Usia ............................................................................................................... 9

2.2.3.2 Jenis kelamin .............................................................................................. 10

2.2.3.3 Kebutuhan biologis ..................................................................................... 10

2.2.3.4 Aktivitas fisik.............................................................................................. 10

2.2.3.5 Gangguan psikiatri ...................................................................................... 10

2.2.3.6 Gangguan otak ............................................................................................ 11

2.3 Definisi The Stroop Test ........................................................................................... 11

2.4 Definisi remaja ......................................................................................................... 13

BAB 3 ............................................................................................................................... 16

KERANGKA KONSEP DAN HIPOTESIS ..................................................................... 16

3.1 Kerangka Konsep .................................................................................................... 16

3.2 Hipotesis ................................................................................................................. 17

BAB 4 ............................................................................................................................... 18

MTODE PENELITIAN .................................................................................................... 18

4.1 Jenis dan Rancangan Penelitian .............................................................................. 18

4.2 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian .................................................................................. 18

4.3 Populasi dan Sampel ............................................................................................... 18

4.3.1 Populasi ............................................................................................................ 18

4.3.2 Sampel .............................................................................................................. 18

4.3.3 Besar Sampel ................................................................................................... 18

4.3.4 Tehnik Pengambilan Sampel ........................................................................... 19

4.3.5 Karakteristik Sampel Penelitian ....................................................................... 20

4.3.5.1 Kriteria Inklusi .............................................................................................. 20

4.3.5.2 Kriteria Eksklusi ........................................................................................... 20

4.3.6 Variabel Penelitian ........................................................................................... 20

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4.3.6.1 Variabel bebas ............................................................................................... 20

4.3.6.2 Variabel terikat .............................................................................................. 20

4.3.6.3 Variabel kontrol ............................................................................................ 20

4.3.7 Definisi operasional variabel ........................................................................... 21

4.4 Alat dan Bahan ........................................................................................................ 22

4.5 Prosedur Penelitian ................................................................................................. 22

4.6 Analisis Data ........................................................................................................... 23

4.7 Jadwal & Alur Penelitian ........................................................................................ 24

4.7.1 Alur Penelitian ................................................................................................. 24

4.7.2 Jadwal Penelitian.............................................................................................. 25

BAB 5 ............................................................................................................................... 26

5.1 Pembahasan............................................................................................................. 26

5.1.1 Tabel deskriptif sampel .................................................................................... 26

5.1.2 Hasil banding kelompok terikat dan kontrol .................................................... 27

5.2 Analisis data ............................................................................................................ 27

BAB 6 ............................................................................................................................... 29

6.1 Pembahasan............................................................................................................. 29

BAB 7 ............................................................................................................................... 32

7.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................. 32

7.2 Saran ....................................................................................................................... 32

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................................... 33

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