KALOR JENIS GAS . Suhu suatu gas dapat dinaikkan dalam kondisi yang bermacam-macam. Volumenya dikonstankan, tekanannya dikonstankan atau kedua-duanya dapat dirubah-rubah menurut kehendak. Pada tiap-tiap kondisi ini panas yang diperlukan untuk menaikkan suhu sebesar satu satuan suhu untuk tiap satuan massa adalah berlainan. Dengan kata lain suatu gas mempunyai bermacam-macam kapasitas panas. Tetapi hanya dua macam yang mempunyai arti praktis yaitu : - Kapasitas panas pada volume konstan. - Kapasitas panas pada tekanan konstan.

Kapasitas panas gas ideal pada tekanan konstan selalu lebih besar dari pada kapasitas panas gas ideal pada volume konstan, dan selisihnya sebesar konstanta gas umum (universil) yaitu : 0K. R = 8,317 J/mol cp - cv = R cp = kapasitas panas jenis ( kalor jenis ) gas ideal pada tekanan konstan. cv = kapasitas panas jenis ( kalor jenis ) gas ideal pada volume konstan.

Berdasarkan teori kinetik gas kita dapat menghitung panas jenis gas ideal,sebagai berikut: a. Untuk gas beratom tunggal ( monoatomik ) diperoleh bahwa : 0100090000033305000000006c03000000006c03000026060f00ce06574d464301000000000001 0092a90000000001000000ac06000000000000ac060000010000006c0000000000000000000000 3e00000028000000000000000000000011060000f503000020454d4600000100ac0600000f00000 001000000000000000000000000000000560500000003000051010000be0000000000000000000 000000000006824050030e60200460000002c00000020000000454d462b014001001c000000100 000000210c0db010000006000000060000000460000009001000084010000454d462b224004000 c000000000000001e4009000c00000000000000244001000c00000000000000304002001000000 0040000000000803f214007000c0000000000000008400005dc000000d00000000210c0db01000 00000000000000000000000000000000000010000004749463839613f002900f00000000000000 00021f90401000000002c000000003f002900000288848fa9cbed0fa39cb4da8bb3de36f8c0850d2 8960c69a6c687aa6aeb9a701ccef466df59ae77bdc672b078bf088a58141e90c9458bd94c1c211fe3 d003ac0aa74d1212bb8252af5a04d729369377cb51da05b3814ff357b91e7e80de70a27787d711a7

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b3000080b3ffffb741000080b3000080b3ffff03422100000008000000620000000c000000010000 00150000000c00000004000000150000000c00000004000000460000001400000008000000544e 50500601000051000000040100000000000000000000160000002000000000000000000000000 000000000000000170000002100000050000000300000008000000084000000000000008600ee0 01700000021000000280000001700000021000000010001000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000ffffff00000000030000004c0000000000000000000000030000 0000000000001000000018000000180000000c0000000600004102000000020000030100003b02 80004c014000ff0140003f01200000093000000918003f0f0c0000070c0000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000510000000401000 00000000000000000160000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000170000002100 00005000000030000000800000008400000000000000c600880017000000210000002800000017 00000021000000010001000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000 0ffffff00fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01effffe01e7fffe01e7fffe01f3fffe01f 9fffe00fdfffe01fdfffe01fefffe01fd7ffe01febffe01febffe00fedffe01f6cffe01f6e7fe01f0f3fe01f8f3f e01fffffe03fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01460000001400 000008000000544e5050070100004c000000640000000000000000000000160000002000000000 0000000000000017000000210000002900aa0000000000000000000000803f0000000000000000 0000803f0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000220000 000c000000ffffffff460000001c00000010000000454d462b024000000c000000000000000e00000 0140000000000000010000000140000000400000003010800050000000b020000000005000000 0c0221001700030000001e000400000007010400040000000701040067000000410b8600ee0021 00170000000000210017000000000028000000170000002100000001000100000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffff00000000030000004c000000000000000 00000000300000000000000001000000018000000180000000c000000060000410200000002000 0030100003b0280004c014000ff0140003f01200000093000000918003f0f0c0000070c000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000067 000000410bc6008800210017000000000021001700000000002800000017000000210000000100 010000000000000000000000000000000000020000000000000000000000ffffff00fffffe01fffffe0 1fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01effffe01e7fffe01e7fffe01f3fffe01f9fffe00fdfffe01fdfffe0 1fefffe01fd7ffe01febffe01febffe00fedffe01f6cffe01f6e7fe01f0f3fe01f8f3fe01fffffe03fffffe01ffff fe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01fffffe01fffffe010c00000040092900aa0000000000000 02100170000000000040000002701ffff030000000000 = konstanta Laplace.

LATIHAN SOAL 1. Hitunglah kalor jenis gas Oksigen pada volume dan tekanan tetap bila massa molekul gas Oksigen 32 gram/mol.

2. Hitunglah kalor jenis gas-gas berikut ini pada volume dan tekanan tetap. a. Gas Neon monoatomik, bila masa molekulnya 2,018 gram/mol b. Gas Hidrogen diatomik, bila massa molekulnya 2,016 gram/mol

3. Kapasitas panas jenis Nitrogen pada volume tetap adalah 7,14 x 102 J/kg 0K. Carilah kapasitas panas jenisnya pada tekanan tetap. Diketahui massa molekul Nitrogen 28 gram/mol dan konstanta umum gas R = 8,317 J/mol0K 4. Hitunglah kalor jenis gas Argon beratom satu pada volume tetap bila kalor jenisnya pada 0K tekanan tetap 5,23 x 102 J/kg 0100090000038103000000007e02000000007e02000026060f00f204574d464301000000000001 003b510000000001000000d004000000000000d0040000010000006c0000000000000000000000 16000000200000000000000000000000360200002f03000020454d4600000100d00400000f0000 0001000000000000000000000000000000560500000003000051010000be000000000000000000 0000000000006824050030e60200460000002c00000020000000454d462b014001001c00000010 0000000210c0db010000006000000060000000460000003c01000030010000454d462b22400400 0c000000000000001e4009000c00000000000000244001000c0000000000000030400200100000 00040000000000803f214007000c0000000000000008400005880000007c0000000210c0db0100 0000000000000000000000000000000000000100000047494638396117002100f0000000000000 000021f90401000000002c0000000017002100000234848fa9cbed0fa39cb4da8b330a7c87c87587 f87c8079a2a56192537b7d2a25c76736d35afef2a00f7155843a8df1884c2a978802003b00000008 40010824000000180000000210c0db01000000030000000000000000000000000000001b400000 40000000340000000100000002000000000000bf000000bf0000b8410000044203000000000080 b3000080b3ffffb741000080b3000080b3ffff03422100000008000000620000000c000000010000 00150000000c00000004000000150000000c00000004000000460000001400000008000000544e 50500601000051000000040100000000000000000000160000002000000000000000000000000 000000000000000170000002100000050000000300000008000000084000000000000008600ee0 01700000021000000280000001700000021000000010001000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000ffffff00000000030000004c0000000000000000000000030000 0000000000001000000018000000180000000c0000000600004102000000020000030100003b02 80004c014000ff0140003f01200000093000000918003f0f0c0000070c0000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000510000000401000 00000000000000000160000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000170000002100 00005000000030000000800000008400000000000000c600880017000000210000002800000017 00000021000000010001000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000 0ffffff00fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01effffe01e7fffe01e7fffe01f3fffe01f 9fffe00fdfffe01fdfffe01fefffe01fd7ffe01febffe01febffe00fedffe01f6cffe01f6e7fe01f0f3fe01f8f3f e01fffffe03fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01460000001400 000008000000544e5050070100004c000000640000000000000000000000160000002000000000 0000000000000017000000210000002900aa0000000000000000000000803f0000000000000000 0000803f0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000220000 000c000000ffffffff460000001c00000010000000454d462b024000000c000000000000000e00000 0140000000000000010000000140000000400000003010800050000000b020000000005000000 0c0221001700030000001e000400000007010400040000000701040067000000410b8600ee0021 00170000000000210017000000000028000000170000002100000001000100000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffff00000000030000004c000000000000000 00000000300000000000000001000000018000000180000000c000000060000410200000002000 0030100003b0280004c014000ff0140003f01200000093000000918003f0f0c0000070c000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000067

000000410bc6008800210017000000000021001700000000002800000017000000210000000100 010000000000000000000000000000000000020000000000000000000000ffffff00fffffe01fffffe0 1fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01effffe01e7fffe01e7fffe01f3fffe01f9fffe00fdfffe01fdfffe0 1fefffe01fd7ffe01febffe01febffe00fedffe01f6cffe01f6e7fe01f0f3fe01f8f3fe01fffffe03fffffe01ffff fe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01fffffe01fffffe010c00000040092900aa0000000000000 02100170000000000040000002701ffff030000000000 = 1,67 5. Hitunglah kalor jenis pada tekanan tetap dari gas Oksida zat lemas beratom dua bila kalor 0K jenisnya pada volume tetap adalah 6,95 x 102 J/kg. dan 0100090000038103000000007e02000000007e02000026060f00f204574d464301000000000001 003b510000000001000000d004000000000000d0040000010000006c0000000000000000000000 16000000200000000000000000000000360200002f03000020454d4600000100d00400000f0000 0001000000000000000000000000000000560500000003000051010000be000000000000000000 0000000000006824050030e60200460000002c00000020000000454d462b014001001c00000010 0000000210c0db010000006000000060000000460000003c01000030010000454d462b22400400 0c000000000000001e4009000c00000000000000244001000c0000000000000030400200100000 00040000000000803f214007000c0000000000000008400005880000007c0000000210c0db0100 0000000000000000000000000000000000000100000047494638396117002100f0000000000000 000021f90401000000002c0000000017002100000234848fa9cbed0fa39cb4da8b330a7c87c87587 f87c8079a2a56192537b7d2a25c76736d35afef2a00f7155843a8df1884c2a978802003b00000008 40010824000000180000000210c0db01000000030000000000000000000000000000001b400000 40000000340000000100000002000000000000bf000000bf0000b8410000044203000000000080 b3000080b3ffffb741000080b3000080b3ffff03422100000008000000620000000c000000010000 00150000000c00000004000000150000000c00000004000000460000001400000008000000544e 50500601000051000000040100000000000000000000160000002000000000000000000000000 000000000000000170000002100000050000000300000008000000084000000000000008600ee0 01700000021000000280000001700000021000000010001000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000ffffff00000000030000004c0000000000000000000000030000 0000000000001000000018000000180000000c0000000600004102000000020000030100003b02 80004c014000ff0140003f01200000093000000918003f0f0c0000070c0000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000510000000401000 00000000000000000160000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000170000002100 00005000000030000000800000008400000000000000c600880017000000210000002800000017 00000021000000010001000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000 0ffffff00fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01effffe01e7fffe01e7fffe01f3fffe01f 9fffe00fdfffe01fdfffe01fefffe01fd7ffe01febffe01febffe00fedffe01f6cffe01f6e7fe01f0f3fe01f8f3f e01fffffe03fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01460000001400 000008000000544e5050070100004c000000640000000000000000000000160000002000000000 0000000000000017000000210000002900aa0000000000000000000000803f0000000000000000 0000803f0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000220000 000c000000ffffffff460000001c00000010000000454d462b024000000c000000000000000e00000 0140000000000000010000000140000000400000003010800050000000b020000000005000000 0c0221001700030000001e000400000007010400040000000701040067000000410b8600ee0021 00170000000000210017000000000028000000170000002100000001000100000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffff00000000030000004c000000000000000 00000000300000000000000001000000018000000180000000c000000060000410200000002000

0030100003b0280004c014000ff0140003f01200000093000000918003f0f0c0000070c000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000067 000000410bc6008800210017000000000021001700000000002800000017000000210000000100 010000000000000000000000000000000000020000000000000000000000ffffff00fffffe01fffffe0 1fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01effffe01e7fffe01e7fffe01f3fffe01f9fffe00fdfffe01fdfffe0 1fefffe01fd7ffe01febffe01febffe00fedffe01f6cffe01f6e7fe01f0f3fe01f8f3fe01fffffe03fffffe01ffff fe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe01fffffe00fffffe01fffffe01fffffe010c00000040092900aa0000000000000 02100170000000000040000002701ffff030000000000= 1,4 USAHA YANG DILAKUKAN GAS .

Temodinamika merupakan cabang ilmu fisika yang mempelajari mengenai pengaliran panas, perubahan-perubahan energi yang diakibatkan dan usaha yang dilakukan oleh panas. 1. Usaha luar ( W ) yaitu : Usaha yang dilakukan oleh sistem terhadap sekelilingnya terhadap sistem. Misalkan gas dalam ruangan yang berpenghisap bebas tanpa gesekan dipanaskan ( pada tekanan tetap ) ; maka volume akan bertambah dengan V.

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