Membangun Peran Signifikan

Ikatan Alumni ITB dalam

Peningkatan Daya Saing Bangsa

Aulia Prima Kurniawan

Sekjen Pengda Jakarta

Hotel Sultan, ASEAN Room

Jakarta, 4 Desember 2008

Objectives

• Presentasi ini disajikan dalam forum Roundtable Discussion

“Meningkatkan Daya Saing Bangsa” yang diadakan oleh Steering

Committee Silaturahmi Nasional IA ITB, di Hotel Sultan, ASEAN Room,

4 Desember 2008.

• Dokumen ini, yang disusun dari banyak sumber, tidak bertujuan untuk

menjadi sebuah single solution atas tema tersebut, melainkan

dimaksudkan untuk membangun dan memperkaya wacana atas nilai

strategis IA ITB serta membangun peran signifikan IA ITB dalam

meningkatkan daya saing bangsa Indonesia.

PRODUCTIVITY

Pendefinisian Competitiveness sebagai Fondasi

Penciptaan Kemakmuran Bangsa (World Economic Forum)

ENDOWMENTS

Natural Resources Geographical Location Country Size

PROSPERITY

+

Globalisasi “menuntut” Negara-negara di Dunia Berkompetisi

dan Senantiasa Meningkatkan Daya Saingnya yang “diukur”

dalam Global Competitiveness Index (GCI)

Mekanisme pengukuran (indexing) WEF tersebut

menghasilkan “ranking” daya saing bangsa-bangsa di

dunia dengan 12 “competitiveness pilar”…

Factor driven

Economies

Efficiency driven

Economies

Innovation driven

Economies

Basic requirements

• Institutions

• Infrastructure

• Macroeconomic stability

• Health and primary

education

Efficiency enhancers

• Higher education and

training

• Goods market efficiency

• Labor market efficiency

• Financial market

sophistication

• Technological readiness

• Market size

Innovation and

sophistication factors

• Business sophistication

• Innovation

Transition

Transition

Fasa transisi di sini adalah posisi index daya saing suatu bangsa yang tengah beralih dari fasa

sebelumnya menuju tingkatan kualitas yang lebih tinggi.

Posisi Daya Saing Indonesia

(Global Competitiness Report 2008 – WEF)

Dalam konteks “lokal” Indonesia, Competitiveness oleh

Prof. Porter (ISC – Harvard) sebagai berikut…

“Competitiveness is determined by the productivity (value per unit of input) with which

a nation or a region uses its human, capital, and natural resources. Productivity sets a nation’s

or region’s standard of living (wages, returns on capital, returns on natural resources)

• What is Competitiveness?

– Productivity depends both on the value of products and services (e.g. uniqueness,

quality) as well as the efficiency with which they are produced;

– It is not what industries a nation or region competes in that matters for prosperity, but

how firms compete in those industries;

– Productivity in a nation or region is a reflection of what both domestic and foreign firms

choose to do in that location. The location of ownership is secondary for national

prosperity.

– The productivity of “local” industries is fundamental to competitiveness, not just that

of traded industries

– Devaluation and revaluation do not make a country more or less “competitive”

• Nations and regions compete in offering the most productive environment for business

• The public and private sectors should play different but interrelated roles in creating a

productive economy”.

Priorities for Indonesia in Raising Its Competitiveness

(Porter, Nov 06)

• Improve the macroeconomic, political, legal, and social context

– Legal system reform

– Institutional and policy stability

– Government simplification / professionalism

– Social safety net versus subsidies

– Structure for public / private policy coordination

• Upgrade the business environment

– Infrastructure

– Skills

– Special Economic Zones

– Fast track organizations

– SOE governance / privatization

• Move to cluster-based economic development

• New approaches for FDI attraction

– Cluster approach

• Effective regionalization of economic development

– “Regional economic development agreements”

• Enhance ASEAN economic integration

National

Economic

Strategy

Clusters reflect the fundamental influence of linkages

and spill-overs across firms and associated institutions in

competition (Porter, Nov 06)

• Clusters Increase Productivity / Efficiency

– Efficient access to specialized inputs, services, employees, information, institutions, and

“public goods” (e.g. training programs)

– Ease of coordination and transactions across firms

– Rapid diffusion of best practices

– Ongoing, visible performance comparisons and strong incentives to improve vs.

local rivals

• Clusters Stimulate and Enable Innovations

– Enhanced ability to perceive innovation opportunities

– Presence of multiple suppliers and institutions to assist in knowledge creation

– Ease of experimentation given locally available resources

• Clusters Facilitate Commercialization

– Opportunities for new companies and new lines of established business are more

apparent

– Commercializing new products and starting new companies is easier because of

available skills, suppliers, etc.

Clusters provide a framework for organizing the

implementation of public policy and public investments

towards economic development (Porter, Nov 06)

Cluster Approach in Economic Development

(USA Case)

Profil Ikatan Alumni ITB

• Beranggotakan + 10,000 “well educated

people” yang merupakan “Putera dan

Puteri Terbaik” di Indonesia;

• Tersebar di 24 Kepengurusan Daerah, 24

Kepengurusan Jurusan / Program Studi, 3

Kepengurusan Komisariat Perusahaan,

dan 5 Komisariat Luar Negeri;

• Berkiprah di bidang akademik, bisnis dan

industri, serta pemerintahan.

Berpotensi

besar

menjadi

“Agent”

Peningkatan

Daya Saing

Indonesia

Menjadi “Competitiveness Strategy Center” yang berorientasi kepada

peningkatan Daya Saing Nasional yang berbasis karakteristik lokal

Indonesia

Pengembangan Strategi Daya Saing Nasional (Rekomendasi Porter untuk Indonesia, Nov 06)

Mekanisme Operasional IA ITB dalam

Meningkatkan Daya Saing Nasional

Government Regulations Competition AnalysisMarkets Dynamics Industry Trends Other Stakeholders

Internal Knowledge Sources

External Knowledge Sources

IA ITB NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS STRATEGY CENTER

Knowledge Flow

Knowledge Flow

Kepengurusan Daerah

Data

Captu-

ring

AnalysisProject

Delivery…

Kepengurusan Prodi

Data

Captu-

ring

AnalysisProject

Delivery…

… Komisariat

Data

Captu-

ring

AnalysisProject

Delivery…

…

PROCESS CONTENT PEOPLE TECHNOLOGY

Menciptakan Knowledge Network berbasis “Community of

Practice (COP)”, menjadi penting dan mendesak untuk

dapat membangun kolaborasi dan sinergi…

Kepengurusan IA Daerah

Knowledge NetworkCompetitiveness Strategy

Knowledge Network Coordinator

Humaniora dan Seni

Knowledge Network

Kepengurusan IA Luar Negeri

Knowledge Network

Kepengurusan IA Komisariat

Knowledge Network

Basic Sciences

Knowledge Network

Perekayasaan

Knowledge Network

Regional Groups

Subject Matter & Competence Groups

ILLUSTRATION

Usulan Proses Operasional “National

Competitiveness Strategy Center”…

•Acquisition: systematically

created & captured from external

and internal sources, research,

daily process, Communities of

Practices, codification of tacit

knowledge

• Processing: knowledge stored, taxonomy-categorized,

analysis, ICT infrastructure

•Deployment: use for projects / actions, scheduled or

periodic dissemination, re-

utilization / re-using, measurement

Internal &

External

Knowledge

Acquisition

Store,

Value Add

& Share

Deploy and

Reuse

KM Processes

Engagement Team

Apply

Operational Team

Organization

Leadership

Create

Value

Store

Provide Infrastructure

Acquire

Add

Value

Deploy

Learn

“Client”

Input – Purge – Archive

Catalog – Abstract

Index – Coordinate

Content

Store

Acquire

• Internal:

• EngagementBased

• Non-

engagementBased

• External:

• News, Journals

Regulations, 3rd

Party Research

Provide Infrastructure

Organization – Culture – Technology – Public Relations

Deploy

• On demand

• Repeatable

• Event-based

• Subscription

• Commercialize

• Monitor usage

• Measure

• Satisfaction

Add Value

• Identify needs

• Filter

• Research

• Develop proprietary

• Package