Nama

NIM

PRODVruRUSAN/FAKULTAS

Partner

TempaV tanggal praktikum

Asisten

LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM KTMIA DASAR IPERCOBAAN A-2

PENURUNAN TITIK BEKU LARUTANzrSr r{ t trstatz6tstrt sts

T

OIeh:

Jason Mandela

20141365675/PNt6t32

Kimia/Kimia/I'MIPA

Ahmad Fatny

Yogyakarta, 3 Oktober 2014

Putri Nur Fadhilla

L

LABORATORIUM KIMIA DASAR

JURUSAn{ KIMIA

FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM

TINTYERSITAS GADJAH MADA

YOGYAKARTA

fl'"'.,,'?it

2014

Jason M

andela'

s Lab

Report

!. lujuan

Pe..oboon A - 2

P*r.rnon -Ii+ih

Behu Lq.uton

')" flunun trrhon l,etapon penuru nan ti {itt beLu rn o lq I pelarrt \:). Menetop\icrn be.q{ molulrri , Mr , zc^I non vololl I r

Uasr, leoci

r) 5,fai ldrligcr;1

SiJat lioligai,.! \arutqn rncrupol.ran sifat ,yaoq honS' tet-

$on t u n3 pada

3 u* th por'{r [,e | =yL-fu41, u I dan +iaq.L fn:3T*-T

poda Seois zq+. tec5s\rt (C$anq,ry/d Sila{ -si}at Vol"ga-

f + \q.u{an te.dtr^ i dqr i pe\u+il'-noo te[ionc{n vap t ]l.ena;/an

lrlil, did,h , penuru0an 1r{il,r be\aut , clon Ie[,trrnoq osmofi[a -

q) Pnnuourvrn tettrnon uc{p

Padq larutan non vola{il [{o{i mudoh ,rn quao) tetronq^ L.oo -

nga selqlu lebih reodc{h clori lel^rnrn,iqp'*rrninqq Loiq

terqontrnq do, i l,torsentcqs; .at {e"io.qf dqU, ylelatut.'J J P= x'r'{)

di.on, P, = te[,r,n.^ "{e prt"f [me,5ond^3 zot fenlo.,t)P,o , te[1o^*, ,\p 'pn\/.rl

rnr"." iX' = trahs, ,no\\farut

ria\r- 'lclr-utr., r4unq 69cdrr

dirnqnu Xr o,tofih' lro,lr;fdirnqoo, Xr ortafih " tt, t^'y'-, t\ .of te"lo",nt seh;n n g ,

P' = Lt-rt,) P, o

P, ' fi'o - X'Pr o

i Satq zal ter\aritt , X,z' l- Xr

di dihrb-, /]b

i, P o C'*'@l1lP =l\r P, " \nrrrcu

oleh

{ i li\,.

l611*

Tb=

, pscuboho^ Jrt't, drrjth

+r+iu did;h lrrut,^,Tbo- trlr\,r drdrh psloru't rhurn,

b). i,{eno i[r"n lit I [t d; oiih

P

Fenr.unr., lehonrn uqp zot Ler\a

hon^_,rneoXebrb\aon l,tenoriIonAa+

d innon q

iAC/.D-'l

Jason M

andela'

s Lab

Report

Nila I

Sebundin.l Jrlq

A lb sebo .rd irq d eo3o n, ulden1o, pqolalitqs

A\b a r''o

/-tb . l4b -

{eLona., uqp sehnllaWiUf

Uhan

ioru{ qn fch*,-,*, 20 (0).

cl)

unti^[r nnanSlienti[on 0smos] t te.se[*f .

c,trin ono, 7T = leLqnc/n osrno*l

M = hoqsentros; 'lor,

R = Lonsto^,tq yas lo,oof, I\) /-I - ierr.'perrtur rtbtolulTe[,onrn osmo'[il, sq.g be.gontrng dorgon [/onient.s,r; zcttte.\ori,r I dalr,,, la.rton.Penr.rnon litil,r behra

L.at'", /K.rol)

Z)

Punr.rnon, teL.,non 'crp-

dali loru*an olun menqebqb hon p-nurun6o ti+itn bel,t,,t lo1.r.,rtan CCho",q, )oio ) - 9a[oh cnplihasi dciri

penu{-unon {;t;h be\,rr.,. dq[q.A l,reh; d, pan schaci -har, qc{r\rh pnce-qohon pernbelr*o^ a^lj'ra di neqorq - noqono ennpot rnqsi m. D-"nqon

penabr.an, NqC t pada lalo^ , mhl,,ra srlju ol,trn me-'tu[U s.\r;n33o *,drlo cnenS gul,lX^ ho1;alan mos,1a,rl,nrt.

liiia, ll] iubo.oii,j deqan penurLi0on telac,no^ r/ap se-hi.1X, be.. bc,", d,ng lurqs jJt, d.rn,4 r.nolc,litc s loruta",.

f]{ '- *fu-,ooo rr r4\ lt = m T nj

lAf . lulopon Fou runo,-, *i+,h beLa

Enu.g, Gibbs.1uga rnem;litai hqrto,\ d,eor1u, penurur)o^ {ilrh

c). knu.uno n {it;h bei,t u

Pgnu.unon {tirt,r bl,'r., ho.npir sorn q don qon llenorl,^ t'tiladidih Hal ini c,Lf^ dibqhos )ob,h dalr^ pc,da subbab betltu*,y^

Jnt^.,nrn 0 smo {i tr(rr)Crmoris ocJojah ,on.,qaltnnuo oolclrut l,te drlo.n Io.u]on rnulr-

l,,ri me.nbran 5erniFrcnirLrrl- Hri.J.bqqt pela.rt olron mo.leyat,rnecnbron te.sebut , tntrp i zat te.laru I atran fe' {o\an Qfi*,fl)trir1.Tr[rrnon osmo]i l.r. strotr4 lar4]on

"rdqtc{ h le[rono^ UoDf\chtltuhhc,q

Jason M

andela'

s Lab

Report

bnl,t, \qru{on. pneqi bnbq> G'bLs rnanuojv[lhao perubahat entalpi tol',|

dari sisiem Frd^ tempn ^Im drn let,lonon I,onrlon .

A

A

Ene.gi h"br Gibbs f,nAG.

dt-ono l/ qchlqh l,jp

3). Asonn aso{or I &r.,

a). Asqrn ore{at

sslecI i '

-RTln l,(

untu h ga s atqu K, trntuh lo.r*onnqflo len q

j poa, .rh, *e*ap

G,l-l - T5G , ll-r -T A5

G = -TISbtsq dlogrl akon ,

Ar,* c,sdat muln i dise

+",t odalrh sq\qL sqtr\horbr h ,il CCcc H) A,o*bu.bou te.ya^ Ti+ih bel,uu

C Hs

I

seDaaa\ e asdc)t X\as;a | " A so.n ,r" -

firoq a orqao,l,l don qcro C)uqusCH3 css H I +idqh il.r#. l,^ ,h,

-lol

Ose

do,

I

C-6,, H

I osqrn qse+o t

C [-l36gsH adalal t 6,] 'C

1r)

|rt [gpqsr\ dar I hho* iql,n , !,1u,1, "cic"+una^qqnq becanli cr,rta,

ol,tsi c{qs) adctra dc*' alLohoi rnanlacr t orry.irrih'adqlqh srlrhgitu @t(^ sintesi6 a sqm ascia-t .

(G o"r@ , 20rr)Nqlto Ien.,

NaJtalenu 1,er'up"[,ron 1ua1,a

brhrn l,er*s Vr^t pu,r-Lih d,eryrn

bu tahqs Zalnt brsq d,tern,.ri seq.q qlc,m; irtrl, bqhrn bol,".t

J.t,ll$ry brasroga te.lnondtn.1 dalo* hup,,,. bo.u, /l,tonpu,.

IN&ru,,Jason M

andela'

s Lab

Report

1[J. Metode Pe..obo,n ta) A\ot

' fi,rloricneter b'- b

'te.*ornete'^'necacc\ C'haL{ss

. batanrl penXudu k

. Stopuuatch

' gelas uhu. [rs -U), ge\as ur\oji. pipet leles

'ge\or5 b'oloe.

" Tabrnl gelos

b). Bohon J

'Es balu

' Ar* ..tpLt qlasrql [rc- L ), Nr,t{" leno (J s

3). Ai. Iln.on

Velero'y^ '

/ ). fe. mpn'g1s /^

B)Jobq gelaslE clDnqrduf Lr*^

{Jqhg'li'")

lZ,bund c,elqs

][ \,U

*Tab'"3 D {ah drguna{.ron srralpecobcron

g gLoma ctlqf

, 7al X Co,sg )' Goram dopun

c). Cr,rr,, Verta- ' Prrr.o orn' f

A:rr,". qse{.t

l,re dola,n {udrambil

qsIglasi" I *bangol,^ 2omL d i *o s, [,,hr.,

l(alo.,meler ho*b ohinl clengan aempurdn air, es, dan qorqm

Aso,n osElat

ho\o, I rneter^

dalom {abL,n.r qelqs\, U,

5Om poi rYternbehua

I didgioh an c)ala,-$as"lbo rnb

€rvrperotu r 0sqryr asdot, dicqtat seliop eu dn];t, safiW\

.L

tilrL' k(lu d5om asptat didew{hr..

h{n{rXo lrngtaoh ,,'^tI h er r si\ton Gsd ,, qsetat qlo s iol don naf ta [.no t0",, q )

Jason M

andela'

s Lab

Report

'&nentuox M. Zat X

Lrrrton poda pep66br,on 6li atos dib;orl^". ;u;;

ftb"t o"loj fclan zornL osc{rn

Uon? berlsi 0,5 a

J+

zax X;

e,.r ebuf

o,s q No.[.JJ

d) drngin h

ncl ;

da-\r* h olo ri rna te .qse[q{ or'lqs;a I

h* b usqm*r

f,---:-lempe cotu r lo,ru.lon te.sebrt d i cq+,at .n+rop-;mI

Ifl Hasr\ don l),rbohorn\q) lb.i\

'Prnentuan tlt;h t "1,Vo\qme ssqr. ase+ort -

lle.ql jeni S

Be"ai Auo.,., oselol

Qsann20

: itOG

= 2\,?.

a*etalmL3l-tg.'-

fl\asra I CC U36991..t 1

l]{iu bet"" /s"-

1T cHg coo H =

'Penentu.rn l,{rl^ [;uB".al Noftolonu

qsetq {' . 15 "6 Qupicl :). 16 eC (dup\o tr)

lSoCtt6oC -_ lS.c"a-, t' - \l

lc,r*,ilan Nq,f*qlenca C&r = hs 9t ot)= O,5 g

-]iliut betru : . q' C fduplo I)Idupls ]r)

lo'c ,/' iro C

_ qo6 + rloCu

L

VqhLu [s) 3o 6o qo 120

5u"\,,,' [qC) )-8 z6 ?-o rG t7 t5

Walllur (s) )o 6o 9oSuhu CoC ) l5 ls q lrr ?

TT

Jason M

andela'

s Lab

Report

Penenluon be., I rnolohu I

V\u *" osom aselo+ =

Ber-o i o sqm qlolq t

lle.a{ zat X

Zat X

2O "nL1, ob 3l,,O,5 g

hat^{, [s ) e.A 6o a

Srah u ['C ) 1l l5 r5 I .1- lz

Tlit, belau lor,^ton zaI X = l2o C €Penucu norr fitrtlr behr,rr = -7u C

b) Pe*bohq5a.,, 19Do\q- Psrcobaon

"knu.un*n Jiillo &1n, Lo"u{a6".ioi cliqurofion o-\at qc{n q disebu t bo* I,rc,\o.tmete.. So. l<cr\*i,rple. brorrng} berupa

suotl ,jradoh r..lonq d,Ietohur f,opott\o. lac,\or^qo, do\qr,1 rea[is gcrq ter-

lodi ir dc(lo*nlo.{l,{o\or dari suolu reqhEi b,il dih;tunq derrlon,ile}t^

Lt perubc,hc,n- suhu :1qn3 teladi do\o* bom [,o\0.'-.t]t'l4q\o.i-

rnele" bo* loh nnerni\ih i'"leioin /bent"l,t 5usuno^ 30r*l stondor, hrl itW

honro be.r,ontrnq dari ienis reqlasi !.lc{nq a[on di".,ii 14a\o"n.1cn. halocime -

t..t bo* t,oronrl dibuo't untut" *un"q*t" [to\ot ceo[si (AH) da\am wluma

don tehonun Jrno [,ronston. Hq\ tr.ibut bro dtcopoi bi\a reqhsi I,ti'

mia tersebut &i l[tnulron do,\o, suatu wodoh t1an1 tertut,up dan ter-

isolasi" Oleh l,tarena itu, h1.^ I,ro\oni*n[u. diquno\aan dola^ Wrcobcon

ini denyn tuluan n'ren dqputl^on hasi\ gorg ahuro't'

lJa\orrl pe rcobaon ini dllu\,lu\,irn penamhhan gorqrn pucla oires"

Ho\ 'n'' bertuiuon un$ul,r rn€nununi,ran t,t,tr 'neLu qi" seh,nqoo ain ti-dotn *e-h,e["* dc,n menqhambat percobaan. Hal ,n, sesudl denqan

tro. i De ^u

ru na^ * i lurh b;h, Iqrutc{n u r/nq berbandtnq lucLts d.nq*n

lurn\al'l u,t fu.\r,ul Lmo\cr\itos). Semdhr,{ brnqr[ "qorrr, ,o.,qtoli-to-b,h[on , semu[in t,n.1.1' penuruncn Silitn behuu qinuterrab,i+ 5huelr uor-r.r dinqrr dibu[uhhon ultr[^ rnanantt,thon 'L;trl,r b'ehu asqrt ase-

tot !trtr,"t drn*

1,' U*l dingio ,o\an ,nnerr.,!uot

siragcfle dt seLrrtur

tubunq qe\os qdq h.^'i' uo*'u

ase{ctt 3\osia\ rnenjadi cul'lup J1^gi^,

;;;i'la,lrnJr,* I F\, I ,n, a\,ran rr*d'"t . asq' qe+al 'neon

bel'r., dan

t,*rt' k\,rr,, pelarut mun i/'\Xa didopot['ta6' Prors,,Peren&wu^ t'l\UuUi^jr\o* hu\ori'".cte r bo- d)nqon tu\uu6 rrarninirvra \t,ran W&crruh lincahun{

an di luor \ralorirreber b-" sehil',ggo hcrstl $*i ohh"fit bi* Je-'brh akurat.

Jason M

andela'

s Lab

Report

Lo\* {i.|ri, bLu pe\orut Mucni pun didlpat\.,rctn ,gai\tt sebesot

l5,5oC. H"i;^r .nrndnlroti hlsil 5e6crra lilnratu" Tl'ia be\nu Qsctm ase+ql,

s'{r,lah 16,6oC [B.adq, ]ot]) lit,l71 bel,^ oso* osetat Uot drdapt da[u,,,

percobaon odaloh tE,5"C. Hosi\ inr nnernilil,1i pgrren healohon subesa"'616uo/n Aoton3u Pu,ren error bis., diha1.nnohon su\itnqa, nnerbtrot,:islenn

[a\oriryrrle, ** beno,. -beno. tet r'oiosi ' &]c('n itu" hisc' it,gq , dti'ro'erc'hon

i;;;h"i.rrtfr|] ounrn.ul,"^ pe\rrut 5ydah ryrennbeLu ot", [.lum. 5el,tn

itr.i,rr',rruud,t,lrulo;* harenq sllat asan osef"nt qa^q murcJ"h me-

l;;;'"#"bJ.ur.to6ntnosi dengan qir U*3 ac)q J' uudo'u'

" V1m*bcrhr., nottqleno, be.lu iuc,n u ntula rneninnbuItion penuruna^

titrt, be[,u hepclo oro* os'.]qt. Dngon dcXitu honstontu peAurunon t*thWkq

;;r* ,tr+"t'(ll,1) prn u'ro ,lr[atohri. hi o"or. aseta+ 3uq didr'p1* .*'rffi;,

cOlooon qdq\oi^ " ,.V, 8a g6 "Q^.Nq.rwun 5gc-tstc't literatut ,"f{{'qean'' qset

:IT#-ffi^'.T[: [?3; Ili i :",*:Xl"l;l* ;:;'J^*,|$l'j,.rorrr"tr^ J.L p;1,',hu \,n{\,,rnXun \uo" ,\n+ic,tal,r tefr{ran scrat 1:eni*[ac{nqaA

nulla\ena,don Innha|ia\o.rt"li" ir-.,, naft",[eno do\o* asqru ase{ot Yr"1t"

adq\rh zat Xuq su\t\ unt'tnlo"t *-'utn"o d'lo- o":,otun": v r^^.^r; r,^^t!

tur\ -"' trfi* perorboo, se\on,lutnqo ,$artr,r,pene.,tuan A/ir zc,t X tntloo\; 11gs''-

lohrn dcr\a* pu*utoon "ill

.,..l x]*'^{ 1 1;':t bernt\ai -?b'867 xl,^nol '

5ua\, berrt *o\e\,'rrl ttctr,,t'^ *Y^flh,i "unt'l^, be'n'l'i urega{r{ l:W" lerb<s'n

unnq men\4ebab\nr^ ;i',^,""irtrU, hrY*hL* pada pencartan' rt\ai lfi aso^ asetal

lffiil,^ ,ri,** **p^go.*h, hasi\ gon3 drdapot. Hql ini rvrengeb,bh^ iaa-

iffi;, trri, i:^g b,,o "d,lohul,o", de^,ry' T::'':Y,ln*: 1i"i:flfo'

;Jil'' =:;;..)"';;\.**',o paotc,{6. p"+ih dan rneml\ilnr aronna scpar}r 6"1"

sam.

[]nnqon "nelql,rrlron percobaan ini bi.:a dlilh qt b!r*pe fal'rtor gang

nnor.npen3orurhi flrnurrno,., ti{,h ueir, )a.utan"5qloh sotu {ot^to r.ny.ad1l"! ju-titr

,o1 1g.io.*tn,4a.5esuo, 5lenclon rumus,[Afi = (t I i]r {+it c.lrhe&lh','i boh-

t064 *nr.r^^ i.J+,t, fuhu berhni'nq lu*s din'ao" i'rJah ,,i+ In"lo..trtnSa' IZ[n*or

Vr,i{HrJ} (f ) pun rnemrlrlri peran,nt dr\o* pnn'1o."X, ATJ,letop' hul ,ni +oL tel,irat

drh*"pe.coboon inl laqrgna zqt terlo'*.,^1ai$ d'g,'nqLan aolc,llah aJ nonelehtt''

lil 5elarn i.tu a-rf ir^ cltpenloc,,,Ii oleh lronrjonto ,pnlr.,u^1^ be1^u pe-

lurut, Setrop pelo'rt' *u..nililai'nilal ilt Uo^! ,be.bedo'.,r,aanomrn dalar'' per-

.oU"*' ,ni h;r$; di3i,'noLan peio"at aa'rur axiat scXa '

Jason M

andela'

s Lab

Report

IJ Xe.'* pu\rnirn pulon ,hlo* p..of,or", \ao\; in, doprt diri-p, ll,ron du' h"l ' Hot l

lernfl pertr"na ad,\oh bqhwa ni\oi fetopon Pnr:r^:^. +]1'\n l,rku

pfr"rt osc{,/^n ose4ot glc,s;al odalrh LQ, &uqb oCl-ol. Harrl ,UrY

didoprt lrdnl,r crhup ;tu.at \asrerp,{ rneu'n;1r l'r; Pe'sen er0or se-

beso, 66s,t77o. Llal q,nq l,tedua adololn Mt =al x U'n3 dt'h"

p.t odof c,h ' - qu,&62 l|^ol lbsi \ $*q drclopat adct\oh s"lqh

\,to,uno hrqt ,rnolel,r l lr dol' nu nq ln r n ber n i lc'; 'eqo{; { '

:n) Dr1+0. Pto,.lol, * (Chanq , R ,.l2.o ro 9 Che.nistr'$ d Idf'4"/ The Mt["o'"- ]'lill G..u par\\eslD

iln*Yo.L { , , . r,,,Bdg ji;-;; f .,rorz7 ChrmislrJ lhe &olecular Natvre o'l Nat(er/aJohn

\il;log ontl fr*'7 L'o''vers

6rr*tnsl,,i ,Jon6 u.,'["'7 otgeoc Cherni*'U 3d Eul'+'o,ro The &lc6rcril

' G*Pon'a57 Haooi'i

7ur6doh i , Steven 5'tzaw2 Chem,tit3 0r-l t.lu.lt,.t. 5cieoceLab " co m

eL-r, Bro[^' C-rle rt Be)rrn{

Jason M

andela'

s Lab

Report

rJ. Penurunon

ATf

ttopon

}{,:

B.l,tun3an f{itih bI,,r loruton naf}qIeoa

, (TJ' - TJ ) \)asam o,/,ql'1,o6 3i6"L

= lF,5"C - lOoC = 5,5'C \/ - }l'L 3

pcDurunqn ti{lln beLq asqm asdo+tfJ)21,r. q . 128 9l^ol' z'5'C

=Flooo . o,u

3

= )o,84c/6 "C /*ol* /'

\^] M IT

It Penrcunan ti{itr b\,tu pelaottt

AT+' = Tf -ri'. lO'C -

= -L'C,AT-l '= looo'141U'J

W

; lO0O.

-')

21,13

l40870q--I. x-704

zo rnl

IZ, LJ

/ \iVxI-\ 14.x

- 20c zc1,Duq6'c

-i r4i-\Ntr /

I AtSQ, -----------+- -rIU

\ lti' 'r/ C,S 1 -t O'Scl I\ fu.X, tz{Slnor f5rS

/3

"t-_L

- 7,5Mr x ./

A{r x =-q),g61 3 /rno I

-lLl qdq l,tesotohon dolo* percobmo. un|,u.rsnge

A4,^ lido [a bolnh nqo{r f* brhitun3on secara, teoriti.g don berdas,rrL,tCI^ \iterc,tur

' T{.t,*oH [Brud,.r, ro tz) = l6,6oCokn.r.or. =lls}ffi&l' toou/o = 6,6t0/o

' lAfcn.coot-l (Btodq r ).o 12) = 3,Q oC l*

'/o "r"or ,!-1;#r-r- roo

o/o = 66s ,t7'/o

Jason M

andela'

s Lab

Report