ET kelompok.pptx

7/27/2019 ET kelompok.pptx

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Yunita I1A007091

Laili Fitryah I1A007093

Henderi S I1A0070

Indah Noor Hayati I1A006025


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Indication1.For supporting ventilation in

patient with some pathologic

disease

Upper Airway Obstruction Respiratory failure Loss of conciousness


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2) For supporting ventilation duringgeneral anesthesia

Type of surgery :

Operative site near the airwayAbdominal or thoracic surgeryProne or lateral positionLong period of surgery


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ANATOMY OF AIRWAY


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AIRWAY ASSESSMENTS1) Condition that associated with difficult

intubation Congenital anomalies ---> Downs

syndrome Infection in airway--> Retropharyngealabscess, EpiglottitisTumor in oral cavity or larynx


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AIRWAY ASSESSMENT

Enlarge thyroid gland

trachea shift tolateral or

compressedtracheal lumen


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AIRWAY ASSESSMENT

Burn scar at face and neck

Temperomandibular joint dysfunction

Maxillofacial ,cervical or laryngeal trauma


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AIRWAY ASSESSMENT

2) Interincisor gap : normal -> more than 3 cms


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AIRWAY ASSESSMENT3) Mallampati classification: Class 3,4 -> may be

difficult intubationSoft palate

Uvula


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AIRWAY ASSESSMENT

Laryngoscopic view

grade 3,4 -> risk for difficult intubation


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AIRWAY ASSESSMENT4) Thyromental distance : more than 6 cms


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AIRWAY ASSESSMENT

5) Flexion and extension of neck


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AIRWAY ASSESSMENT

6) Movement of temperomandibular joint (TMJ)


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1) Laryngoscope : handle and

blade


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2) Endotracheal tube


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1) Size of endotracheal tube : internal

diameter (ID)

Male: ID 8.0 mms . Female : ID 7.5 mms New born3 months : ID 3.0 mms 3-9 months : ID 3.5 mms 9-18 months : ID 4.0 mms 2- 6 yrs : ID = (Age/3) + 3.5 > 6 yrs : ID = (Age/4) + 4.5


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2) Material : Red rubber or PVC3) Endotracheal tube cuff

High volumeLow pressure cuff

Low volume

High pressure cuff


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4) Bevel5) Murphys eye


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6) Depth of endotracheal tube : Midtrachea or below vocal cord ~ 2 cms

Adult -> Male = 23 cmsFemale = 21 cms Children

Oral endotracheal tube = (Age/2) + 12 (cm)

Nasal endotracheal tube = (Age/2) + 15 (cm)


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7) Tube markings

Z-79Disposible (Do not reuse)Oral/ NasalRadiopaque marker


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3) Other equipments

3.1 Stylet


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3.2 Oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal

airway

Oral airway Nasal airway


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3.3) Suction catheter


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3.5) Face mask and self inflating bag

3.6) Magill forcep


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3.7) Syringe

3.8) Lubricating jelly

3.9) Plaster for strap endotracheal tube

4. Monitoring success of endotrachealintubation4.1) Stethoscope4.3) Pulse oximeter


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Flexion at lower cervical spine

Extension at atlanto-occipital joint


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Sniffing position


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ET kelompok.pptx

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