PENGGUNAAN LOPERAMID PADA PENDERITA DIARE

DISUSUN OLEH :

Kelompok 3

1. Agung Tanian 10700149

2. Endik Siswanto 10700204

3. Meiliana Angeline 10700280

4. Dera Yuniarti Putri 10700304

5. Christian Hanjokar 10700306

PEMBIMBING :

dr. Roostantia Indrawati, M.Kes

LABORATORIUM ILMU FARMASI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN

UNIVERSITAS WIJAYA KUSUMA SURABAYA

TAHUN 2014

Lembar Pengesahan

PENGGUNAAN LOPERAMID UNTUK TERAPI DIARE

Makalah ini diajukan untuk memenuhi Persyaratan Kepaniteraan Klinik Farmasi Kedokteran

Oleh:Kelompok 3

Agung Tanian 10700149

Endik Siswanto 10700204

Meliana Angeline 10700280

Dera yuniarti Putri 10700304

Christian Hanjokar 10700306

Telah diseminarkan tanggal 16 Juli 2014

Pembimbing

dr. Roostantia Indrawati M,Kes.

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji dan syukur kami panjatkan ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena atas berkat

rahmatNya-lah, kami dapat menyelesaikan makalah ini dengan tepat waktunya dengan cukup

baik.Dalam makalah ini kami membahas tentang Obat Anti Diare dengan mengangkat Judul

“Penggunaan Loperamid pada Penderita Diare”

Makalah ini kami susun untuk menambah pengetahuan tentang farmakologi,

farmakodinamik, farmakokinetik, serta Toksisitas Obat loperamid

Dalam proses penyusunan makalah, kami mendapatkan bimbingan, arahan,dan

koreksi serta saran, untuk itu rasa terima kasih kami sampaikan kepada dr. Roostantia

Indrawati, M.Kes selaku tutor kelompok kami dan teman – teman yang turut membantu

dalam proses penyusunan makalah ini.

Demikian makalah ini kami susun dan semoga dapat bermanfaat dan menambah

wawasan bagi para pembaca, serta rekan sejawat mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Wijaya

Kusuma Surabaya.

Surabaya,9 Juli 2014

Tim Penyusun

DAFTAR ISI

JUDUL.................................................................................................................... i

KATA PENGANTAR............................................................................................. ii

DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... iii

DAFTAR GAMBAR............................................................................................... vi

DAFTAR TABEL.................................................................................................... vii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar Belakang..................................................................... 1

1.1 Rumusan Masalah............................................................... 2

1.3 Tujuan Penulisan.................................................................. 2

BAB II FARMASI DAN FARMAKOLOGI

2.1 Sifat Fisiko – Kimia dan Rumus Kimia Obat

2.1.1 Nama Generik....................................................................... 3

2.1.2 Struktur dan Nama Kimia..................................................... 3

2.1.3 Sifat Fisiko – Kimia.............................................................. 3

2.2 Farmasi Umum

2.2.1 Bentuk Sediaan.................................................................... 4

2.2.2 Dosis Obat dan Cara penggunaan ....................................... 5

2.2.3 Perhatian.............................................................................. 10

2.3 Farmakologi Umum

2.3.1 Khasiat.................................................................................. 10

2.3.2 Kontra Indikasi............................................... .................... 11

2.3.3 Interaksi Obat....................................................................... 12

BAB III FARMAKODINAMIK

3.1 Motilitas.............................................................................. 13

3.2 Sekresi................................................................................ 13

3.3 Tonus Sfingter Anal........................................................... 14

3.4 Motilitas Kandung Empedu............................................... 15

3.5 Sekresi Enzim Pankreas..................................................... 15

3.6 Hormon Adrenokortikotropik Sekresi................................. 15

BAB IV FARMAKOKINETIK

4.1 Pola ADME

4.1.1 Absorbsi.................................................................................... 16

4.1.2 Distribusi.................................................................................. 16

4.1.3 Metabolisme............................................................................. 17

4.1.4 Ekskresi.................................................................................... 17

BAB V EFEK SAMPING dan TOKSISITAS

5.1 Efek Samping............................................................................ 18

5.2 Toksisitas................................................................................... 18

5.3 Penanggulangan Toksisitas........................................................ 19

BAB VI PENELITIAN YANG PERNAH DILAKUKAN ................................... 20

BAB VII PEMBAHASAN...................................................................................... 22

BAB VIII KESIMPULAN....................................................................................... 24

BAB IX RINGKASAN............................. ............................................................ 25

BAB X SUMMARY............................................................................................. 27

BAB XI DAFTAR KEPUSTAKAAN.................................................................... viii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1 . Rantai Kimia Loperamid............................................................................... 3

Gambar 2. Perbandingan rifaximin dan rifaximin-loperamide dibandingkan

dengan loperamide......................................................................................... 21

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1. Dosis Dewasa pada Preparat IMODIUM® A-D yang Dianjurkan untuk

Diare Akut........................................................................................................... 5

Tabel 2. Dosis Dewasa pada Preparat IMODIUM® MULTI-SYMPTOM RELIEF

yang Dianjurkan untuk Diare Akut...................................................................... 6

Tabel 3. Dosis Anak pada Preparat IMODIUM® A-D yang Dianjurkan untuk

Diare Akut (Berdasarkan Usia dan Berat Badan pada

Anak 2 Tahun dan Lebih).................................................................................... 8

Tabel 4. Dosis Anak pada Preparat IMODIUM® MULTI-SYMPTOM RELIEF

yang Dianjurkan untuk Diare Akut (Berdasarkan Usia dan

Berat Badan pada Anak 6 Tahun dan Lebih)...................................................... 9

BAB XI

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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Bentuk Sediaan Farmasi.Edisi Keempat.