Bid'Ah Di Bulan Rajab

8/9/2019 Bid'Ah Di Bulan Rajab

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D i d o w n l o a d d a r i h t t p : / / w w w . v b a i t u l l a h . o r . i d

Fenomena Bidah di Bulan Rajab

A b u U b a i d a h A l - A t s a r i

3 0 J u l i 2 0 0 4

M e m a n g b e n a r , k e u t a m a a n b u l a n d a l a m ( k a l e n d e r h i j r i y a h ) i t u b e r t i n g k a t - t i n g k a t ,

b e g i t u j u g a h a r i - h a r i n y a . M i s a l n y a b u l a n R o m a d h o n l e b i h u t a m a d a r i s e m u a b u l a n ,

h a r i J u m ' a t l e b i h u t a m a d a r i s e m u a h a r i , m a l a m L a i l a t u l Q o d a r l e b i h u t a m a d a r i s e m u a

m a l a m d a n l a i n s e b a g a i n y a .

N a m u n , h a r u s k i t a f a h a m i b e r s a m a b a h w a t i m b a n g a n k e u t a m a a n t e r s e b u t h a n y a l a h

s y a r i ' a t , y a k n i A l - Q u r ' a n d a n h a d i t s y a n g s h o h i h , b u k a n h a d i t s - h a d i t s d h o ' i f d a n

m a u d h u ' ( l e m a h d a n p a l s u ) .

D i a n t a r a b u l a n I s l a m y a n g d i t e t a p k a n k e m u l i a a n n y a d a l a m A l - Q u r ' a n d a n s u n n a h

a d a l a h b u l a n R o j a b . N a m u n s u n g g u h s a n g a t d i s e s a l k a n b e r e d a r n y a r i w a y a t - r i w a y a t

y a n g d h o ' i f d a n p a l s u s e p u t a r b u l a n R o j a b s e r t a a m a l a n - a m a l a n k h u s u s d i b u l a n R o j a b

d i t e n g a h m a s y a r a k a t k i t a , s e h i n g g a d i g u n a k a n s e n j a t a o l e h p a r a p e c a n d u b i d ' a h d a l a m

m e m p r o m o s i k a n k e b i d ' a h a n - k e b i d ' a h a n a l a j a h i l i y y a h d i m u k a b u m i i n i .

D a r i s i n i l a h , t e r a s a p e n t i n g n y a p e n j e l a s a n s e c a r a r i n g k a s t e n t a n g p e m b a h a s a n s e p u t a r

b u l a n R o j a b d a n a m a l a n - a m a l a n m a n u s i a y a n g m e n o d a i n y a d e n g a n r i w a y a t - r i w a y a t

y a n g l e m a h d a n p a l s u .

Rojab, Definisi dan Keutamaannya

R o j a b s e c a r a b a h a s a d i a m b i l d a r i k a t a " R o j a b a a r - r a j u l u r a j a b a n " , a r t i n y a

m e n g a g u n g k a n d a n m e m u l i a k a n . R o j a b a d a l a h s e b u a h b u l a n . D i n a m a k a n d e n g a n R o j a b

d i k a r e n a k a n m e r e k a d u l u s a n g a t m e n g a g u n g k a n n y a p a d a m a s a j a h i l i y a h y a i t u d e n g a n

t i d a k m e n g h a l a l k a n p e r a n g d i b u l a n t e r s e b u t .

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D i s a l i n d a r i m a j a l a h A l - F u r q o n E d i s i 1 2 T h . I 1 4 2 3 H h a l 9 - 1 3 .

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L i h a t A l - Q o m u s M u h i t h 1 / 7 4 d a n L i s a n u l A r o b 1 / 4 1 1 , 4 2 2 .

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T e n t a n g k e u t a m a a n n y a , A l l o h t e l a h b e r r m a n ,

S e s u n g g u h n y a b i l a n g a n b u l a n p a d a s i s i A l l o h a d a l a h d u a b e l a s b u l a n ,

d a l a m k e t e t a p a n A l l o h d i w a k t u D i a m e n c i p t a k a n l a n g i t d a n b u m i , d i

a n t a r a n y a e m p a t b u l a n h a r a m . I t u l a h ( k e t e t a p a n ) a g a m a y a n g l u r u s ,

m a k a j a n g a n l a h k a m u m e n g a n i a y a d i r i k a m u d a l a m b u l a n y a n g e m p a t

i t u . ( Q S A t - T a u b a h : 3 6 ) .

I m a m A t - T h o b a r i b e r k a t a ,

B u l a n i t u a d a d u a b e l a s , e m p a t d i a n t a r a n y a m e r u p a k a n b u l a n h a r o m ( m u l i a ) ,

d i m a n a o r a n g - o r a n g j a h i l i y a h d a h u l u m e n g a g u n g k a n d a n m e m u l i a k a n n y a .

M e r e k a m e n g h a r o m k a n p e p e r a n g a n p a d a b u l a n t e r s e b u t h i n g g a s e a n d a i n y a

a d a s e s e o r a n g b e r t e m u d e n g a n p e m b u n u h b a p a k n y a , d i a t i d a k a k a n

m e n y e r a n g n y a .

B u l a n e m p a t i t u a d a l a h R o j a b M u d h o r , d a n t i g a b u l a n b e r u r u t a n :

D z u l q o ' d a h , D z u l h i j j a h d a n M u h a r r o m . D e m i k i a n l a h y a n g d i n y a t a k a n d a l a m

h a d i t s - h a d i t s R a s u l u l l a h .

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I m a m B u k h o r i m e r i w a y a t k a n d a l a m S h o h i h n y a ( 4 6 6 2 ) d a r i A b u B a k r o h b a h w a s a n y a

N a b i b e r s a b d a ,

S e s u n g g u h n y a z a m a n i t u b e r p u t a r s e b a g a i m a n a k e a d a a n n y a t a t k a l a A l l o h

m e n c i p t a k a n l a n g i t d a n b u m i , s e t a h u n a d a d u a b e l a s b u l a n d i a n t a r a n y a

t e r d a p a t e m p a t b u l a n h a r o m , t i g a b u l a n b e r u r u t a n y a i t u D z u l q o ' d a h ,

D z u l h i j j a h , M u h a r r o m d a n R o j a b M u d h o r y a n g t e r l e t a k a n t a r a J u m a d i l

( a k h i r ) d a n S y a ' b a n .

D i a n t a r a d a l i l y a n g m e n u n j u k k a n b a h w a b u l a n R o j a b s a n g a t d i a g u n g k a n o l e h m a n u s i a

p a d a m a s a j a h i l i y a h a d a l a h r i w a y a t I b n u A b i S y a i b a h d a l a m A l - M u s h o n n a f ( 2 / 3 4 5 )

d a r i K h o r o s y a h b i n H u r r , i a b e r k a t a ,

S a y a m e l i h a t U m a r m e m u k u l t a n g a n - t a n g a n m a n u s i a p a d a b u l a n R o j a b

a g a r m e r e k a m e l e t a k k a n t a n g a n m e r e k a d i p i r i n g , k e m u d i a n b e l i a u ( U m a r )

m e n g a t a k a n ,

M a k a n l a h o l e h k a l i a n , k a r e n a s e s u n g g u h n y a R o j a b a d a l a h b u l a n

y a n g d i a g u n g k a n o l e h o r a n g - o r a n g J a h i l i y a h .

3

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L i h a t J a m i ' u l B a y a n 1 0 / 1 2 4 - 1 2 5 .

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A t s a r s h o h i h , d i s h o h i h k a n o l e h I b n u T a i m i y a h d a l a m M a j m u ' F a t a w a 2 5 / 2 9 1 d a n A l - A l b a n i d a l a m

I r w a ' u l G h a l i l n o . 9 5 7 .

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A. Riwayat Seputar Rajab

A l - H a z h I b n u H a j a r b e r k a t a , d a l a m k i t a b n y a T a b y i n ' A j a b B i m a W a r o d a F i R o j a b

( 6 ) :

T i d a k a d a h a d i t s s h o h i h y a n g d a p a t d i j a d i k a n h u j j a h s e p u t a r a m a l a n k h u s u s

d i b u l a n R o j a b , b a i k p u a s a m a u p u n s h o l a t m a l a m d a n s e j e n i s n y a . D a n d a l a m

m e n e g a s k a n h a l i n i , a k u t e l a h d i d a h u l u i o l e h A l - I m a m A b u I s m a ' i l A l - H a r o w i

A l - h a d z . K a m i m e r i w a y a t k a n d a r i n y a d e n g a n s a n a d s h o h i h , d e m i k i a n p u l a

k a m i m e r i w a y a t k a n d a r i s e l a i n n y a .

A l - H a z h I b n u H a j a r j u g a b e r k a t a ,

H a d i t s - h a d i t s y a n g d a t a n g s e c a r a j e l a s s e p u t a r k e u t a m a a n R o j a b a t a u p u a s a

d i b u l a n R o j a b t e r b a g i m e n j a d i d u a , d h o ' i f ( l e m a h ) d a n m a u d h u ' ( p a l s u ) .

A l - H a z h t e l a h m e n g u m p u l k a n h a d i t s - h a d i t s s e p u t a r R o j a b , m a k a b e l i a u m e n d a p a t k a n

s e b e l a s h a d i t s b e r d e r a j a t d h o ' i f d a n d u a p u l u h s a t u h a d i t s b e r d e r a j a t m a u d h u ' . B e r i k u t

i n i k a m i n u k i l k a n s e b a g i a n h a d i t s - h a d i t s d h o ' i f d a n m a u d h u ' t e r s e b u t :

S e s u n g g u h n y a d i S u r g a a d a s e b u a h s u n g a i y a n g d i n a m a k a n " R o j a b " ,

w a r n a n y a l e b i h p u t i h d a r i s u s u d a n r a s a n y a l e b i h m a n i s d a r i m a d u .

B a r a n g s i a p a b e r p u a s a s a t u h a r i d i b u l a n R o j a b , n i s c a y a A l l a h a k a n

m e m b e r i n y a m i n u m d a r i s u n g a i t e r s e b u t . ( H a d i t s d h o ' i f / l e m a h )

R a s u l u l l a h a p a b i l a m e m a s u k i b u l a n R o j a b , b e l i a u b e r d o ' a , " Y a A l l a h ,

b e r k a h i l a h k a m i p a d a b u l a n R o j a b d a n S y a ' b a n d a n p e r t e m u k a n l a h k a m i

d e n g a n R o m a d h o n . " ( H a d i t s d h o ' i f / l e m a h )

B u l a n R o j a b a d a l a h m i l i k A l l o h , S y a ' b a n a d a l a h b u l a n k u d a n R o m a d h o n

a d a l a h b u l a n u m a t k u . ( H a d i t s m a u d h u ' / p a l s u )

K e u t a m a a n b u l a n R o j a b d i b a n d i n g k a n s e m u a b u l a n s e p e r t i k e u t a m a a n A l -

Q u r ' a n t e r h a d a p s e m u a d z i k i r . ( H a d i t s m a u d h u ' / p a l s u )

B a r a n g s i a p a b e r p u a s a p a d a b u l a n R o j a b d a n s h o l a t e m p a t r o k a a t p a d a

b u l a n t e r s e b u t , . . . n i s c a y a d i a t i d a k m e n g i n g g a l d u n i a h i n g g a m e l i h a t t e m p a t

t i n g g a l n y a d i S u r g a , a t a u d i p e r l i h a t k a n u n t u k n y a ( H a d i t s m a u d h u ' /

p a l s u )

I t u l a h s e d i k i t c o n t o h d a r i h a d i t s - h a d i t s d h o ' i f d a n m a u d h u ' s e p u t a r b u l a n R o j a b .

S e n g a j a k a m i n u k i l s e c a r a r i n g k a s k a r e n a m a k s u d k a m i h a n y a u n t u k d a p a t m e m b e r i k a n

s y a r a ' a t d a n p e r h a t i a n s a j a , b u k a n m e m b a h a s s e c a r a d e t a i l d a n t e r p e r i n c i .

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B. Sholat Roghoib

S h o l a t R o g h o i b a d a l a h s h o l a t y a n g d i l a k s a n a k a n p a d a m a l a m J u m ' a t p e r t a m a b u l a n

R o j a b , t e p a t n y a a n t a r a s h o l a t m a g h r i b d a n i s y a ' d e n g a n d i d a h u l u i p u a s a h a r i K a m i s ,

d i k e r j a k a n d e n g a n d u a b e l a s r a k a a t . P a d a s e t i a p r a k a a t m e m b a c a s u r a t A l - F a t i h a h

s e k a l i , s u r a t A l - Q o d a r t i g a k a l i d a n s u r a t A l - I k h l a s d u a b e l a s k a l i . . . d a n s e t e r u s n y a .

S i f a t s h o l a t s e p e r t i d i a t a s t a d i d i d u k u n g o l e h s e b u a h r i w a y a t o l e h s a h a b a t A n a s

b i n M a l i k y a n g d i b a w a k a n s e c a r a p a n j a n g o l e h I m a m G h o z a l i ( b u k a n M o h G h o z z a l i

A l - M i s h r i ) d a l a m I h y a ' U l u m u d d i n ( 1 / 2 0 3 ) d a n b e l i a u m e n a m a i n y a d e n g a n " S h o l a t

R o j a b " s e r a y a b e r k a t a " i n i a d a l a h s h o l a t y a n g d i s u n n a h k a n " ! ! !

D e m i k i a n l a h p e r k a t a a n n y a - s e m o g a A l l a h m e n g a m p u n i n y a - p a d a h a l p a r a p a k a r a h l i

h a d i t s t e l a h b e r s e p a k a t d a l a m s a t u k a t a b a h w a h a d i t s - h a d i t s t e n t a n g " S h o l a t R o g h o i b "

a d a l a h M a u d h u ' ( p a l s u ) . D i b a w a h i n i , p e n u l i s n u k i l k a n s e b a g i a n k o m e n t a r u l a m a ' a h l i

h a d i t s t e n t a n g n y a :

1 . I m a m I b n u J a u z y b e r k a t a :

H a d i t s s h o l a t R o g h o i b a d a l a h p a l s u , d i d u s t a k a n a t a s n a m a R a s u l u l l a h .

P a r a u l a m a m e n g a t a k a n b a h w a h a d i t s i n i d i b i k i n o l e h s e s e o r a n g y a n g

b e r n a m a I b n u J u h a i m . D a n s a y a m e n d e n g a r s y a i k h ( g u r u ) k a m i A b d u l

W a h h a b A l - H a z h m e n g a t a k a n ,

P a r a p e r o w i n y a m a j h u l ( t i d a k d i k e n a l ) , s a y a t e l a h m e m e r i k s a

s e l u r u h n y a d a l a m s e t i a p k i t a b , n a m u n s a y a t i d a k m e n d a p a t k a n -

n y a .

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2 . S y a i k h u l I s l a m I b n u T a i m i y a h b e r k a t a :

S h o l a t R o g h o i b a d a l a h b i d ' a h m e n u r u t k e s e p a k a t a n p a r a i m a m a g a m a ,

t i d a k d i s u n n a h k a n o l e h R a s u l u l l a h , t i d a k p u l a o l e h s e o r a n g p u n d a r i

k h a l i f a h n y a s e r t a t i d a k d i a n g g a p b a i k o l e h p a r a u l a m a p a n u t a n , s e p e r t i

I m a m M a l i k , S y a ' i , A h m a d , A b u H a n i f a h , S u f y a n A t s - T s a u r i , A u z a ' i ,

L a i t s d a n s e b a g a i n y a . A d a p u n h a d i t s t e n t a n g s h o l a t R o g h o i b t e r s e b u t

a d a l a h h a d i t s d u s t a , m e n u r u t k e s e p a k a t a n p a r a p a k a r a h l i h a d i t s .

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3 . I m a m D z a h a b i b e r k a t a t a t k a l a m e b c e r i t a k a n b i o g r a i m a m I b n u S h o l a h :

4

A l - M a u d h u ' a t ( 2 / 1 2 4 - 1 2 5 ) .

5

M a j m u ' F a t a w a ( 2 3 / 1 3 4 )

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B e l i a u ( I b n u S h o l a h ) t e r g e l i n c i r d a l a m m a s a l a h s h o l a t R o g h o i b , b e l i a u

m e n g u a t k a n d a n m e n d u k u n g n y a p a d a h a l k e b a t i l a n h a d i t s t e r s e b u t t i d a k

d i r a g u k a n l a g i .

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4 . I b n u Q a y y i m A l - J a u z i y a h b e r k a t a :

D e m i k i a n p l a h a d i t s - h a d i t s t e n t a n g s h o l a t R o g h o i b p a d a a w a l m a l a m

J u m ' a t b u l a n R o j a b , s e l u r u h n y a d u s t a , d i b u a t - b u a t a t a s n a m a

R a s u l u l l a h .

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5 . A l - H a d z A l - ' I r o q i b e r k a t a : " h a d i t s m a u d h u ' ( p a l s u ) . "

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6 . A l - A l l a m a h A s y - S y a u k a n i b e r k a t a :

M a u d h u ' , k a r e n a p a r a p e r o w i n y a m a j h u l . D a n i n i l a h s h o l a t R o g h o i b

y a n g m a s y h u r , p a r a p a k a r t e l a h b e r s e p a k a t b a h w a h a d i t s t e r s e b u t

m a u d h u ' , k e p a l s u a n n y a t i d a k d i r a g u k a n l a g i , h i n g g a o r a n g y a n g b a r u

d a l a m i l m u h a d i t s s e k a l i p u n . . . B e r k a t a A l - F a i r u z A b a d i d a l a m A l -

M u k h t a s h o r b a h w a h a d i t s t e r s e b u t m a u d h u ' m e n u r u t k e s e p a k a t a n ,

d e m i k i a n p u l a d i k a t a k a n o l e h A l - M a q d i s i .

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A p a b i l a t e l a h j e l a s d e r a j a t S h o l a t R o g h o i b s e b a g a i m a n a d i a t a s , m a k a m e n g e r j a k a n n y a

m e r u p a k a n k e b i d ' a h a n d a l a m a g a m a , y a n g h a r u s d i w a s p a d a i o l e h s e t i a p i n s a n y a n g

h e n d a k m e r a i h k e b a h a g i a a n .

U n t u k m e n g u a t k a n k e b i d ' a h a n s h o l a t R o g h o i b i n i , p e n u l i s n u k i l k a n p e r k a t a a n d u a

i m a m m a s y h u r d i k a l a n g a n m a d z h a b S y a ' i y a i t u I m a m N a w a w i d a n I m a m S u y u t h i -

s e m o g a A l l a h m e r a h m a t i k e d u a n y a .

I m a m N a w a w i b e r k a t a ,

S h o l a t y a n g d i k e n a l d e n g a n S h o l a t R o g h o i b , d u a b e l a s r a k a a t a n t a r a

M a g h r i b d a n I s y a ' a w a l m a l a m J u m ' a t b u l a n R o j a b d a n s h o l a t N i s f u

S y a ' b a n s e r a t u s r a k a a t , t e r m a s u k b i d ' a h m u n g k a r d a n j e l e k . J a n g a n l a h

t e r t i p u d e n g a n d i s e b u t k a n n y a k e d u a s h o l a t t e r s e b u t d a l a m Q u t u l Q u l u b

d a n I h y a ' U l u m u d d i n ( k a r y a A l - G h o z a l i ) d a n j a n g a n t e r t i p u [ u l a o l e h h a d i t s

6

S i y a r A ' l a m N u b a l a ' ( 2 3 / 1 4 2 - 1 4 3 )

7

A l - M a n a r M u n i r ( n o . 1 6 7 )

8

T a k h r i j I h y a ' ( 1 / 2 0 3 )

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A l - F a w a i d u l M a j m u ' a h ( 4 7 - 4 8 )

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y a n g t e r m a k t u b p a d a k e d u a k i t a b t e r s e b u t . S e b a b , s e l u r u h n y a m e r u p a k a n

k e b a t i l a n .

1 0

I m a m S u y u t h i b e r k a t a ,

K e t a h u i l a h - s e m o g a A l l a h m e r a h m a t i m u - b a h w a m e n g a g u n g k a n h a r i d a n

m a l a m i n i ( R o j a b ) m e r u p a k a n p e r k a r a y a n g d i a d a - a d a k a n d a l a m I s l a m , y a n g

b e r m u l a s e t e l a h 4 0 0 H .

M e m a n g a d a r i w a y a t y a n g m e n d u k u n g n y a , n a m u n h a d i t s n y a m a u d h u '

( p a l s u ) d e n g a n k e s e p a k a t a n p a r a u l a m a ' , r i w a y a t t e r s e b u t i n t i n y a t e n t a n g

k e u t a m a a n p u a s a d a n s h o l a t p a d a b u l a n R o j a b y a n g d i n a m a i d e n g a n S h o l a t

R o g h o i b .

M e n u r u t p a r a p a k a r , d i l a r a n g m e n g k h u s u s k a n b u l a n i n i ( R o j a b ) d e n g a n

p u a s a d a n s h o l a t b i d ' a h ( s h o l a t R o g h o i b ) s e r t a s e g a l a j e n i s p e n g a g u n g a n

t e r h a d a p b u l a n i n i s e p e r t i m e m b u a t m a k a n a n , m e n a m p a k k a n p e r h i a s a n d a n

s e j e n i s n y a . S u p a y a b u l a n i n i t i d a k a d a b e d a n y a s e p e r t i b u l a n - b u l a n l a i n n y a .

1 1

K e s i m p u l a n n y a , r i w a y a t t e n t a n g S h o l a t R o g h o i b a d a l a h m a u d h u ' ( p a l s u ) d e n g a n

k e s e p a k a t a n p a r a p a k a r a h l i h a d i t s . O l e h k a r e n a i t u , b e r i b a d a h d e n g a n h a d i t s p a l s u

m e r u p a k a n k e b i d ' a h a n d a l a m a g a m a , a p a l a g i s h o l a t R o g h o i b i n i b a r u d i k e n a l m u l a i

t a h u n 4 4 8 H .

C. Perayaan Isra Miraj

S e t i a p t a n g g a l 2 7 R o j a b , p e r a y a a n I s r o ' M i ' r o j s u d a h m e r u p a k a n s e s u a t u y a n g t i d a k

d a p a t t e r l u p a k a n d i m a s y a r a k a t k i t a s e k a r a n g . B a h k a n , h a r i t e r s e b u t m e n j a d i h a r i l i b u r

n a s i o n a l . O l e h k a r e n a i t u , m a r i k i t a m e m p e l a j a r i m a s a l a h i n i d a r i d u a t i n j a u a n .

1 . T i n j a u a n S e j a r a h M u n c u l n y a P e r a y a a n I s r o ' M i ' r o j

D a l a m t i n j a u a n s e j a r a h w a k t u t e r j a d i n y a I s r o ' M i ' r o j m a s i h d i p e r d e b a t k a n o l e h

p a r a u l a m a . J a n g a n k a n t a n g g a l n y a , b u l a n n y a s a j a m a s i h d i p e r s e l i s i h k a n h i n g g a

k i n i . A l - h a z h I b n u H a j a r A l - A t s q o l a n i m e m a p a r k a n p e r s e l i s i h a n t e r s e b u t d a l a m

k i t a b n y a , F a t h u l B a r i ( 7 / 2 0 3 ) h i n g g a m e n c a p a i l e b i h d a r i s e p u l u h p e n d a p a t !

1 0

A l - M a j m u ' S y a r h M u h a d z a b ( 3 / 5 4 9 )

1 1

A l - A m r u B i l I t t i b a ' h a l . 1 6 6 - 1 6 7 .

6


7/12

A d a y a n g b e r p e n d a p a t b a h w a I s r o ' M i ' r o j t e r j a d i p a d a b u l a n R o m a d h o n , S y a w a l ,

R o b i ' u l A w a l , R o b i ' u l A k h i r . . . d a n s e t e r u s n y a .

A l - I m a m I b n u K a t s i r m e n y e b u t k a n d a r i Z u h r i d a n ' U r w a h b a h w a I s r o ' M i ' r o j

t e r j a d i s e t a h u n s e b e l u m k e l u a r n y a N a b i k e k o t a M a d i n a h y a i t u b u l a n R o b i ' u l A w a l ,

a d a p u n p e n d a p a t S u d d i , w a k t u n y a a d a l a h e n a m b e l a s b u l a n s e b e l u m h i j r o h , y a i t u

b u l a n D z u l q o ' d a h .

A l - H a d z A b f u l G h o n i b i n S u r u r A l - M a q d i s i m e m b a w a k a n d a l a m s i r o h n y a h a d i t s

y a n g t i d a k s h o h i h s a n a d n y a t e n t a n g w a k t u i s r o ' m i ' r o j p a d a t a n g g a l 2 7 R o j a b .

D a n s e b a g i a n m a n u s i a m e n y a n g k a b a h w a i s r o ' m i ' r o j t e r j a d i p a d a h a r i J u m ' a t

p e r t a m a b u l a n R o j a b , y a i t u m a l a m R o g h o i b y a n g d i t u n a i k a n p a d a w a k t u t e r s e b u t

s e b u a h s h o l a t m a s y h u r , t e t a p i t i d a k a d a a s a l n y a .

1 2

S y a i k h u l I s l a m I b n u T a i m i y a h b e r k a t a , - s e b a g a i m a n a d i n u k i l o l e h m u r i d n y a , I b n u l

Q a y y i m A l - J a u z i y a h - ,

T i d a k a d a d a l i l s h o h i h y a n g m e n e t a p k a n b u l a n m a u p u n t a n g g a l n y a , s e l u r u h

n u k i l a n t e r s e b u t m u n q o t h i ' ( t e r p u t u s ) d a n b e r b e d a - b e d a .

1 3

B a h k a n I m a m A b u S y a m a h m e n e g a s k a n ,

S e b a g i a n t u k a n g c e r i t a m e n y e b u t k a n b a h w a I s r o ' M i ' r o j t e r j a d i p a d a b u l a n R o j a b ,

h a l i t u m e n u r u t a h l i h a d i t s m e r u p a k a n k e d u s t a a n y a n g a m a t n y a t a .

1 4

D a r i p e r k a t a a n p a r a u l a m a ' d i a t a s d a p a t d i s i m p u l k a n b a h w a I s r o ' M i ' r o j

m e r u p a k a n m a l a m y a n g a g u n g , n a m u n t i d a k d i k e t a h u i w a k t u n y a . A g a r p e m b a c a

m e m a h a m i m a s a l a h i n i , d e n g a n m u d a h s a y a k a t a k a n ,

A d a s e b a g i a n i b a d a h y a n g b e r k a i t a n e r a t d e n g a n w a k t u , k i t a t i d a k b o l e h

m e l a n g k a h i n y a s e p e r t i s h o l a t l i m a w a k t u . A d a s e b a g i a n i b a d a h l a i n n y a , A l l a h

m e n y e m b u n y i k a n w a k t u n y a d a n m e m e r i n t a h k a n k e p a d a k i t a u n t u k b e r l o m b a -

l o m b a m e n c a r i n y a s e p e r t i m a l a m L a i l a t u l Q o d a r . D a n s e b a g i a n w a k t u y a n g m u l i a

d e r a j a t n y a d i s i s i A l l a h d a n t i d a k a d a i b a d a h k h u s u s ( s e p e r t i s h o l a t d a n p u a s a )

u n t u k n y a , o l e h k a r e n a i t u A l l a h m e n y e m b u n y i k a n w a k t u n y a , s e p e r t i m a l a m I s r o '

M i ' r o j .

1 5

2 . T i n j a u a n S y a r i ' a t

1 2

A l - B i d a y a h W a N i h a y a h ( 3 / 1 0 8 - 1 0 9 )

1 3

Z a d u l M a ' a d ( 1 / 5 7 )

1 4

A l - B a a i t s , h a l . 1 7 1 .

1 5

L i h a t m a j a l a h A t - T a u h i d , M e s i r , h a l . 9 e d i s i 7 t h . 2 8 , R o j a b 1 4 2 0 H .

7


8/12

D i t i n j a u d a r i s e g i s y a r i ' a t , k a l a u t o h m e m a n g b e n a r b a h w a I s r o ' M i ' r o j t e r j a d i

p a d a 2 7 R o j a b , n a m u n k a l a u k e m u d i a n w a k t u t e r s e b u t d i j a d i k a n s e b a g a i

m a l a m p e r a y a a n d e n g a n p e m b a c a a n k i s a h - k i s a h p a l s u t e n t a n g I s r o ' M i ' r o j , m a k a

s e s e o r a n g y a n g t i d a k m e n g i k u t i h a w a n a f s u n y a , t i d a k a k a n r a g u b a h w a h a l t e r s e b u t

t e r m a s u k p e r k a r a b i d ' a h d a l a m I s l a m . S e b a b , p e r a y a a n t e r s e b u t t i d a k l a h d i k e n a l

d i m a s a s a h a b a t , t a b i ' i n d a n p a r a p e n g i k u t s e t i a m e r e k a .

I s l a m h a n y a m e m i l i k i t i g a h a r i r a y a ; y a k n i I d h u l F i t r i , I d h u l A d h a s e t i a p s a t u

t a h u n , d a n h a r i J u m ' a t s e t i a p s a t u m i n g g u . S e l a i n t i g a i n i , t i d a k t e r m a s u k a g a m a

I s l a m s e c u i l p u n .

1 6

I b n u H a j j b e r k a t a , " T e r m a s u k p e r k a r a b i d ' a h y a n g d i a d a - a d a k a n o l e h o r a n g - o r a n g

p a d a m a l a m 2 7 R o j a b a d a l a h . . . " K e m u d i a n b e l i a u m e n y e b u t k a n b e b e r a p a c o n t o h

b i d ' a h p a d a m a l a m t e r s e b u t s e p e r t i k u m p u l - k u m p u l d i m a s j i d , i k h t h i l a t h ( c a m p u r

b a u r a n t a r a l a k i - l a k i d e n g a n p e r e m p u a n ) , m e n y a l a k a n l i l i n d a n p e l i t a ; b e l i a u j u g a

m e n y e b u t k a n p e r a y a a n m a l a m I s r o ' M i ' r o j t e r m a s u k p e r a y a a n y a n g d i n a s a b k a n

k e p a d a a g a m a , p a d a h a l b u k a n d a r i n y a .

1 7

I b n u N u h a s b e r k a t a ,

S e s u n g g u h n y a p e r a y a a n m a l a m i n i ( I s r o ' M i ' r o j ) m e r u p a k a n k e b i d ' a h a n

b e s a r d a l a m a g a m a y a n g d i a d a - a d a k a n o l e h s a u d a r a - s a u d a r a s y e t a n .

1 8

P e n u l i s k i t a b A s - S u n a n w a l M u b t a d a ' a t , M u h a m m a d b i n A h m a d A s S y a ' i ( m u r i d

S y a i k h R o s y i d R i d h o ) h a l 1 2 7 m e n e g a s k a n ,

P e m b a c a a n k i s a h M i ' r o j d a n p e r a y a a n m a l a m 2 7 R o j a b m e r u p a k a n

p e r k a r a b i d ' a h . . . D a n k i s a h M i ' r o j y a n g d i s a n d a r k a n k e p a d a I b n u A b b a s ,

s e l u r u h n y a a d a l a h k e b a t i l a n d a n k e s e s a t a n . T i d a k a d a y a n g s h o h i h

k e c u a l i b e b e r a p a h u r u f s a j a .

D e m i k i a n p u l a d e n g a n k i s a h I b n u S h u l t h o n , s e o r a n g p e n g h a m b u r y a n g

t i d a k p e r n a h s h o l a t k e c u a l i d i b u l a n R o j a b s a j a , n a m u n t a t k a l a h e n d a k

m e n i n g g a l d u n i a , t e r l i h a t p a d a n y a t a n d a - t a n d a k e b a i k a n s e h i n g g a k e t i k a

R a s u l u l l a h d i t a n y a p e r i h a l n y a , b e l i a u m e n j a w a b ,

1 6

L i h a t A t - T a m a s s u k b i s S u n n a h N a b a w i y a h ( 3 3 - 3 4 ) o l e h S y a i k h M u h a m m a d b i n S h o l e h A l -

U t s a i m i n .

1 7

A l - M a d k h o l : 1 / 2 9 4 - 2 9 8 d i n u k i l d a r i A l - B i d a ' A l - H a u l i y a h h a l . 2 7 5 - 2 7 6 o l e h S y a i k h A b d u l l a h

b i n A b d u l A z i z A t - T u w a i j i r i .

1 8

T a n b i h A l - G h o l i n , ( 3 7 9 - 3 8 0 )

8


9/12

S e s u n g g u h n y a d i a t e l a h b e r s u n g g u h - s u n g g u h d a n b e r d o ' a p a d a

b u l a n R o j a b .

S e m u a i n i m e r u p a k a n k e d u s t a a n d a n k e b o h o n g a n . h a r a m h u k u m n y a m e m b a c a k a n

d a n m e l a r i s k a n r i w a y a t n y a k e c u a l i u n t u k m e n j e l a s k a n k e d u s t a a n n y a . S u n g g u h

s a n g a t m e n g h e r a n k a n k a m i , t a t k a l a p a r a j e b o l a n A z h a r m e m b a c a k a n k i s a h - k i s a h

p a l s u s e p e r t i i n i k e p a d a m a n u s i a .

S a m a h a t u s S y a i k h A b d u l A z i z b i n B a z b e r k a t a ,

M a l a m I s r o ' M i ' r o j t i d a k d i k e t a h u i w a k t u t e r j a d i n y a . K a r e n a s e l u r u h

r i w a y a t t e n t a n g n y a t i d a k a d a y a n g s h o h i h m e n u r u t p a r a p a k a r i l m u

h a d i t s . D i s i s i A l l o h - l a h h i k m a h d i b a l i k s e m u a i n i .

K a l a u l a h m e m a n g d i k e t a h u i w a k t u n y a , t e t a p i t i d a k b o l e h b a g i k a u m

m u s l i m i n u n t u k m e n g k h u s u s k a n n y a d e n g a n i b a d a h d a n p e r a y a a n .

K a r e n a h a l i t u t i d a k p e r n a h d i l a k u k a n o l e h N a b i d a n p a r a s a h a b a t n y a .

S e a n d a i n y a d i s y a r i ' a t k a n , p a s t i l a h N a b i m e n j e l a s k a n n y a k e p a d a u m a t ,

b a i k d e n g a n p e r k a t a a n m a u p u n d e n g a n p e r b u a t a n . . .

K e m u d i a n b e l i a u b e r k a t a ,

D e n g a n p e n j e l a s a n p a r a u l a m a b e s e r t a d a l i l - d a l i l d a r i A l - Q u r ' a n d a n

h a d i t s d i a t a s s u d a h c u k u p b a g i p a r a p e n c a r i k e b e n a r a n u n t u k

m e n g i n g k a r i b i d ' a h m a l a m I s r o ' M i ' r o j y a n g m e m a n g b u k a n d a r i I s l a m

s e c u i l p u n . . .

S u n g g u h a m a t m e n y e d i h k a n , t a t k a l a b i d ' a h i n i m e r u y a k s e g a l a p e n j u r u

n e g e r i I s l a m , s e h i n g g a d i y a k i n i o l e h s e b a g i a n o r a n g b a h w a p e r a y a a n

t e r s e b u t m e r u p a k a n A g a m a .

K i t a b e r d o ' a k e p a d a A l l o h a g a r m e m p e r b a i k i k e a d a a n k a u m m u s l i m i n

s e m u a n y a d a n m e m b e r i k a r u n i a k e p a d a m e r e k a b e r u p a i l m u a g a m a d a n

t a u q s e r t a i s t i q o m a h d i a t a s k e b e n a r a n .

1 9

D. Mengkhususkan Puasa di Bulan Rojab

T e r m a s u k p e r k a r a b i d ' a h d i b u l a n R o j a b a d a l a h m e n g k h u s u s k a n p u a s a b u l a n R o j a b ,

k a r e n a t i d a k a d a h a d i t s s h o h i h y a n g m e n d u k u n g n y a .

S y a i k h u l I s l a m I b n u T a i m i y a h b e r k a t a ,

1 9

A t - T a h d z i r M i n a l B i d a ' , h a l . 9 o l e h S y a i k h I b n u B a z .

9


10/12

A d a p u n m e n g k h u s u s k a n p u a s a d i b u l a n R o j a b , m a k a s e l u r u h h a d i t s n y a

a d a l a h l e m a h d a n p a l s u , a h l i i l m u t i d a k m e n j a d i k a n n y a s e b a g a i s a n d a r a n

s e d i k i t p u n .

2 0

I m a m S u y u t h i b e r k a t a ,

M e n g k h u s u s k a n b u l a n R o j a b d e n g a n p u a s a a d a l a h d i b e n c i . S y a ' i b e r k a t a ,

A k u m e m b e n c i b i l a s e s e o r a n g m e n y e m p u r n a k a n p u a s a s e b u l a n

p e n u h s e p e r t i p u a s a R o m a d h o n , d i m i k i a n p u l a m e n g k h u s u s k a n

s u a t u h a r i d i h a r i - h a r i l a i n n y a .

D a n I m a m A b d u l l a h A l - A n s h o r i - s e o r a n g u l a m a d a r i K h u r o s a n - t i d a k

b e r p u a s a b u l a n R o j a b b a h k a n m e l a r a n g n y a s e r a y a b e r k a t a ,

T i d a k s a t u h a d i t s p u n s h o h i h d a r i R o s u l u l l o h t e n t a n g k e u t a m a a n

b u l a n R o j a b d a n p u a s a R o j a b .

B i l a d i k a t a k a n , B u k a n k a h p u a s a t e r m a s u k i b a d a h d a n k e b a i k a n ? " J a w a b n y a ,

" B e n a r . T a p i i b a d a h h a r u s b e r d a s a r k a n c o n t o h d a r i R o s u l u l l o h . A p a b i l a

d i k e t a h u i h a d i t s - n y a d u s t a , b e r a r t i t i d a k t e r m a s u k s y a r i ' a t . "

B u l a n R o j a b d i a g u n g - a g u n g k a n o l e h B a n i M u d h o r d i m a s a j a h i l i y a h

s e b a g a i m a n a d i k a t a k a n U m a r b i n K h o t h t h o b . B a h k a n b e l i a u m e m u k u l

t a n g a n o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g b e r p u a s a d i b u l a n R o j a b .

D e m i k i a n p u l a I b n u A b b a s a p a b i l a m e l i h a t m a n u s i a b e r p u a s a R o j a b , b e l i a u

m e m b e n c i n y a s e r a y a b e r k a t a , " B e r b u k a l a h k a l i a n , s e s u n g g u h n y a R o j a b

a d a l a h b u l a n y a n g d i a g u n g k a n o l e h a h l i j a h i l i y a h . "

2 1

I m a m T h u r t h u s i m e n g a t a k a n - s e t e l a h m e m b a w a k a n a t s a r - a t s a r d i a t a s ,

A t s a r - a t s a r i n i m e n u n j u k k a n b a h w a p e n g a g u n g a n m a n u s i a t e r h a d a p R o j a b

s e k a r a n g i n i , m e r u p a k a n s i s a - s i s a p e n i n g g a l a n z a m a n j a h i l i y a h d a h u l u .

K e s i m p u l a n n y a , b e r p u a s a d i b u l a n R o j a b a d a l a h d i b e n c i d a n a p a b i l a s e o r a n g

b e r p u a s a d a l a m k e a d a a n y a n g a m a n , y a i t u b i l a m a n u s i a t e l a h m e n g e t a h u i n y a

2 0

M a j m u ' F a t a w a 2 5 / 2 9 0 .

2 1

A l - M u s h o n n a f I b n u A b i S y a i b a h 2 / 3 4 6 . L i h a t p u l a A l - A m r u B i l I t t i b a ' , h a l . 1 7 4 - 1 7 6 o l e h

I m a m S u y u t h i , d i t a h q i q o l e h S y a i k h M a s h u r b i n H a s a n S a l m a n .

1 0


11/12

d a n t i d a k m e n g a n g g a p n y a w a j i b a t a u s u n n a h , m a k a h u k u m n y a t i d a k a p a -

a p a .

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K e s i m p u l a n d a r i p e r k a t a a n p a r a u l a m a ' d i a t a s : t i d a k b o l e h m e n g k h u s u s k a n p u a s a d i

b u l a n R o j a b s e b a g a i p e n g a g u n g a n t e r h a d a p n y a . S e d a n g k a n a p a b i l a s e s e o r a n g t e l a h

b t e r b i a s a / r u t i n b e r p u a s a s u n n a h ( p u a s a D a u d a t a u S e n i n K a m i s m i s a l n y a , b a i k

d i b u l a n R o j a b m a u p u n t i d a k ) d a n t i d a k b e r a n g g a p a n s e b a g a i m a n a a n g g a p a n s a l a h

m a s y a r a k a t a w a m s e k i t a r n y a , m a k a i n i d i p e r b o l e h k a n .

E. Sembelihan Rojab

T e r m a s u k a d a t J a h i l i y a h d a h u l u a d a l a h m e n y e m b e l i h h e w a n d i b u l a n R o j a b

s e b a g a i p e n g a g u n g a n t e r h a d a p n y a , d i s e b a b k a n R o j a b m e r u p a k a n a w a l b u l a n h a r o m

s e b a g a i m a n a d i k a t a k a n I m a m T i r m i d z i d a l a m S u n a n - n y a ( 4 / 4 9 6 ) .

T a t k a l a I s l a m d a t a n g , s e c a r a t e g a s t e l a h m e m b a t a l k a n a c a r a s e m b e l i h a n R o j a b s e r t a

m e n g h a r o m k a n n y a s e b a g a i m a n a d i j e l a s k a n d a l a m h a d i t s - h a d i t s R o s u l u l l a h , d i a n t a r a n y a ,

D a r i A b u H u r o i r o h i a b e r k a t a , R o s u l u l l o h b e r s a b d a , " T i d a k a d a F a r o ' d a n ' A t h i r o h . "

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D a l a m r i w a y a t l a i n n y a d e n g a n l a f a d z " l a r a n g a n " , R o s u l u l l o h m e l a r a n g d a r i F a r o ' d a n

' A t h i r o h .

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D a l a m r i w a y a t I m a m A h m a d d a l a m M u s n a d n y a ( 2 / 2 2 9 ) d e n g a n l a f a d z , " T i d a k a d a

' A t h i r o h d a n F a r o ' d a l a m I s l a m . "

B e r k a t a A b u ' U b a i d - s e o r a n g u l a m a p a k a r b a h a s a - ,

' A t h i r o h a d a l a h s e m b e l i h a n y a n g b i a s a d i l a k u k a n d i m a s a j a h i l i y a h p a d a

b u l a n R o j a b u n t u k t a q o r r u b ( m e n d e k a t k a n d i r i ) k e p a d a p a t u n g - p a t u n g

m e r e k a .

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A b u D a u d j u g a b e r k a t a ,

F a r o ' a d a l a h u n t a y a n g d i s e m b e l i h o l e h o r a n g - o r a n g j a h i l i y a h y a n g

d i p e r u n t u k k a n b a g i t u h a n - t u h a n , k e m u d i a n m e r e k a m a k a n , l a l u k u l i t n y a

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L i h a t A l - H a w a d i t s W a l B i d a ' , h a l . 1 4 1 - 1 4 2 , t a h q i q S y a i k h A l i A l - H a l a b i .

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H R . B u k h o r i 5 4 7 3 , 5 4 7 4 ; M u s l i m 1 9 7 6 ; A b u D a w u d 2 8 3 1 ; T i r m i d z i 1 5 1 2 ; N a s a ' i 4 2 1 9 d a n

I b n u M a j a h 3 1 6 8 .

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H R . N a s a ' i 4 2 2 0 ; A h m a d 2 / 4 0 9 d a n A l - I s m a ' i l y s e b a g a i m a n a d a l a m F a t h u l B a r i 8 / 5 9 6 .

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F a t h u l B a r i 8 / 5 9 8 , o l e h I b n u H a j a r .

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d i l e m p a r k a n k e p o h o n . A d a p u n ' A t h i r o h a d a l a h s e m b e l i h a n p a d a s e p u l u h

h a r i p e r t a m a b u l a n R o j a b .

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L i h a t ' A u n u l M a ' b u d 7 / 3 4 1 , 8 / 2 4 o l e h A b u A b d i r R o h m a n S y a r o f u l H a q A z h i m A b a d i - b u k a n

S y a m s u l H a q A d z i m A b a d i s e b a g a i m a n a t e r t u l i s d a l a m s a m p u l k i t a b .

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Bid'Ah Di Bulan Rajab

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