ANALISIS PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN …

ANALISIS PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL

DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT

PADA GENERASI Y

(STUDI PADA PT. PLN (PERSERO) DISTRIBUSI JAWA BARAT

DAN PT. PLN (PERSERO) PUSHARLIS)

TESIS

Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian syarat untuk memperoleh

Gelar Magister Program Studi Manajemen Konsentrasi Manajemen Sumber

Daya Manusia Pada Program Studi Magister Manajemen Bisnis

Oleh:

Nurcahyanti

NIM. 1605304

SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA

UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA

2019


DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT

PADA GENERASI Y



TESIS

Oleh:

Nurcahyanti

1605304

Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian syarat untuk memperoleh

gelar Magister Program Studi Manajemen Konsentrasi Manajemen Sumber Daya

Manusia Pada Program Studi Magister Manajemen Bisnis

© Nurcahyanti 2019

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Mei 2019

Hak cipta dilindungi undang-undang.

Tesis ini tidak boleh diperbanyak seluruhnya atau sebagian dengan dicetak ulang,

difoto kopi, atau cara lainnya tanpa izin dari penulis

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIARISME

Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa tesis dengan judul “Analisis Pengaruh

Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Employee

Engagement Generasi Y (Studi Pada PT. PLN (Persero) Distribusi Jawa Barat

Dan PT. PLN (Persero) Pusharlis)” ini beserta seluruh isinya adalah benar-benar

karya saya sendiri. Saya tidak melakukan penjiplakan atau pengutipan dengan

cara-cara yang tidak sesuai dengan etika keilmuan. Atas pernyataan ini, saya siap

menanggung risiko/sanksi apabila di kemudian hari ditemukan adanya

pelanggaran etika keilmuan atau ada klaim dari pihak lain terhadap keaslian karya

saya ini.

Bandung, Mei 2019

Nurcahyanti


DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAPEMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT

PADA GENERASI Y



Nurcahyanti

Pembimbing: Prof. Dr. H. Suwatno. M,Si

Dr. Moch.dudih Sugiharto, M.Si

ABSTRAK

Employee engagement menjadi suatu isu yang penting saat ini bagi suatu organisasi. Terlebih saat ini dunia kerja diisi oleh generasi yang

banyak menjadi topik dalam beberapa diskusi menganai pengelolaan sumber

daya manusia. Beberapa survey menyebutkan bahwa Generasi y dikenal memiliki engagement yang rendah terhadap perusahaan. Ada beberapa

faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi terciptanya employee engagement pada

seorang karyawan. Diantara faktor-faktor tersebut adalah kepemimpinan dan

budaya organisasi. Seorang pemimpin yang mampu menggerakan, mempengaruhi serta mengarahkan para karyawannya dengan baik akan

memberikan dampak positif berupa tingkat engagement karyawan yang lebih

baik. Bentuk kepemimpinan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kepemimpinan transformasional. Gaya kepemimpinan ini dianggap sebagai

kepemimpinan terbaik dalam menjelaskan karakteristik pemimpin. Faktor

lainnya dalah budaya organisasi. Umumnya karyawan akan merasa lebih

engaged ketika mereka merasa cocok dengan lingkungan dan budaya organisasi yang ada dalam perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui

pengaruh persepsi karyawan mengenai kepemimpinan transformasional dan

budaya organisasi terhadap employee engagement pada perusahaan BUMN PT.PLN Distribusi Jawa Barat dan PT. PLN PUSHARLIS dengan jumlah

sampel sebanyak 109 pegawai dengan rentang kelahiran 1981-2000. Metode

penelitian menggunakan survey dengan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa persepsi karyawan khususnya pada

karyawan generasi y mengenai kepemimpinan transformasional dan budaya

organisasi yang ada pada perusahaan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap

employee engagement. Jika perusahaan memiliki seorang pemimpin transformasional serta budaya organisasi yang dapat dipahami oleh para

karyawan generasi y maka employee engagement akan tercipta dengan

optimal.

INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP

AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT

OF GENERATION Y

(STUDY IN PT. PLN (PERSERO) DISTRIBUTION OF WEST JAVA

AND PT. PLN (PERSERO) PUSHARLIS)

Nurcahyanti

Advisor: Prof. Dr. H. Suwatno. M,Si

Dr. Moch.dudih Sugiharto, M.Si

ABSTRACT

Employee engagement is an important issue today for an organization.

Especially nowadays the world of work is filled with generations which

have become a topic in several discussions concerning human resource management. Some surveys state that Generation Y is known to have low

engagement with the company. There are several factors that can

influence the creation of employee engagement. Among these factors are leadership and organizational culture. A leader who is able to move,

influence and direct his employees well will have a positive impact in the

form of a better level of employee engagement. The form of leadership used in this study is transformational leadership. This leadership style is

considered as the best leadership in explaining the characteristics of

leaders. Another factor is organizational culture. Generally employees

will feel more engaged when they feel compatible with the environment and organizational culture within the company. The purpose of the study

was to determine the effect of employee perceptions of transformational

leadership and organizational culture on employee engagement in state-owned companies PT. PLN Distribution West Java and PT. PLN

PUSHARLIS with a total sample of 109 employees with birth ranges

from 1981 to 2000. The research method uses a survey with multiple

linear regression analysis. The results of the study show that employee perceptions, especially of y generation employees regarding

transformational leadership and organizational culture that exist in the

company have an influence on employee engagement. If the company has a transformational leader and an organizational culture that can be

understood by generation y employees, employee engagement will be

created optimally.

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIARISME .......................................... i

ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................... iii

ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... iv

KATA PENGANTAR ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ................................................................................ v

DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................... vi

DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. ix

DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xi

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... xii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................... 1

1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian ........................................................................... 1

1.2 Rumusan Penelitian .................................................................................... 9

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 10

1.4 Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................... 11

BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................. 12

2.1 Kajian Pustaka .......................................................................................... 12

2.1.1 Employee Engagement ....................................................................... 13

2.1.1.1 Definisi Employee engagement .................................................... 13

2.1.1.2 Dimensi Employee engagement ................................................... 17

2.1.1.3 Tipe Karyawan Berdasarkan Tingkat Engagement ....................... 19

2.1.1.4 Faktor Pembentuk Employee Engagement ................................... 21

2.1.1.5 Manfaat dari Employee Engagement ............................................ 24

2.1.2 Kepemimpinan................................................................................... 25

2.1.2.1 Definisi Kepemimpinan ............................................................... 25

2.1.2.2 Gaya Kepemimpinan ................................................................... 28

2.1.2.3 Fungsi Kepemimpinan ................................................................. 30

2.1.2.4 Kepemimpinan Transformasional ................................................ 31

2.1.2.5 Dimensi Kepemimpinan Transformasional .................................. 33

2.1.2.6 Pengukuran Kepemimpinan Transformasional ............................. 34

2.1.3 Budaya Organisasi ............................................................................. 36

2.1.3.1 Definisi Budaya Organisasi ......................................................... 36

2.1.3.2 Karakteristik Budaya Organisasi .................................................. 38

2.1.3.3 Tingkatan Budaya Organisasi ...................................................... 39

2.1.3.4 Budaya Organisasi PT PLN ........................................................ 40

2.1.2.5 Dimensi Kepemimpinan Transformasional .................................. 40

2.1.4 Generasi Y ......................................................................................... 41

2.1.4.1 Karakteristik Generasi Y ............................................................. 43

2.1.5 Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional terhadap Employee

Engagement Generasi Y .................................................................... 45

2.1.6 Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi terhadap Employee

Engagement pada Generasi Y ............................................................ 47

2.2 Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................................................. 48

2.3 Kerangka Pemikiran ................................................................................. 53

2.4 Hipotesis Penelitian .................................................................................. 54

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ..................................................................... 56

3.1 Objek Penelitian ....................................................................................... 56

3.2 Metode Penelitian .................................................................................... 56

3.3 Operasionalisasi Variabel ........................................................................ 57

3.4 Jenis dan Sumber Data ............................................................................. 61

3.5 Populasi, dan Sampel .............................................................................. 62

3.5.1 Populasi ............................................................................................. 62

3.5.2 Sampel ............................................................................................... 62

3.6 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ........................................................................ 64

3.7 Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas .................................................................... 65

3.7.1 Uji Validitas....................................................................................... 65

3.7.2 Uji Reliabilitas ................................................................................... 69

3.8 Teknik Analisis Data ................................................................................ 71

3.8.1 Method of Successive Internal (MSI) ................................................. 72

3.8.2 Analisis Data Deskriptif ..................................................................... 73

3.8.3 Analisis Data Verifikatif .................................................................... 75

3.9 Rancangan Pengujian Hipotesis ................................................................ 79

3.9.1 Pengujian Hipotesis 1......................................................................... 79



BAB IV TEMUAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ....................................................... 82

4.1 Temuan Penelitian .................................................................................... 82

4.1.1 Gambaran Umum Lokasi Penelitian ................................................... 82

4.1.1.1 Profil PT PLN Distribusi Jawa Barat ........................................... 84

4.1.1.2 Profil PT PLN Pusharlis .............................................................. 85

4.1.1.3 Makna Logo ................................................................................ 86

4.1.1.4 Visi, Misi dan Motto PT.PLN (Persero) ....................................... 88

4.1.1.5 Struktur Organisasi PT. PLN ....................................................... 89

4.1.2 Gambaran Umum Karakteristik Responden ........................................ 90

4.1.3 Gambaran Variabel Penelitian ............................................................ 95

4.1.3.1 Gambaran Variabel Kepemimpinan Transformasional (X1) ......... 96

4.1.3.2 Gambaran Variabel Budaya Organisasi (X2) ............................. 105

4.1.3.3 Gambaran Variabel Employee Engagement (Y) .........................113

4.1.4 Hasil Analisis Data ......................................................................... 121

4.2 Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian .................................................................. 130

4.2.1 Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional

Terhadap Employee Engagement Generasi Y .................................... 130

4.2.2 Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi terhadap Employee

Engagement Generasi Y......................... ........................................... 131

4.2.3 Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan

Budaya Organisasi terhadap Employee Engagement

Generasi Y......................... ............................................................... 132

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ........................................................... 135

5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................ 135

5.2 Saran ...................................................................................................... 136

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 138

LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................... 145

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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