Agen Bioterorisme

Pendahuluan• 4 oktober 2001,Depkes dan CDC Florida kasus pertama “inhalational anthrax”di US dalam lebih 25 th.• Spora Bacillus anthrax dikirim melalui pos. • Insiden 22 kasus,5 meninggal

• Walaupun jumlah kasus sedikit,ketakutan dan kegelisahan akan suatu aksi dari “bioterrorist”

• Relatif sedikit patogen yg dapat dijadikan senjata biologi

• Akibat kasus jarang ditemukan, terlambat dalam diagnosis dan pengobatan tidak tersedia

• Oleh sebab itu sangatlah penting kemampuan untuk mengenal dan diagnosis infeksi secepat mungkin untuk kasus “out break” yg disebabkan bioterrorism.

• CDC(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) telah menyusun daftar agen infeksius yg dipakai sebagai bioterrorism

• CDC mengkatagorikan agen tersebut berdasarkan:- Kemudahan menjadikan senjata biologis- Dissemination- Risk posed to national security- Lethality

Klasifikasi agen Bioterorisme dan Penyakit

• Katagori AHigh-priority agentsa risk to national security:- easily disseminated/transmitted- High mortalitymayor public health impact- Cause public panic- Spesial action for public health

AnthraxBotulismPlagueSmallpoxViral hemorrhagic fever(Ebola,..

• Katagori B- moderately easy to disseminate- moderate morbidity- enhanced disease surveillanceFood poisoning (Staphylococcus,Food safety threats(Salmonella,E.coli 0157:H17,Shigella)Water safety threats(Vibrio chloera,Encephalitis(virus)

• Katagori Cemerging pathogens- Availability- ease of production and dissemination- potential high morbidity and mortality

• The student will know:1. How are acquires the diease of concern under

normal circumstances2. The key symptoms3. The incubation period4. What to do next when confronted with a

bioterrorism-related disease5. What to do in times of un

certainty&questionable diagnosis

The key to dealing with a bioterrorism event

• To remain knowledgeableepidemiologic and clinical aspects of threat agent

• To keep a high index of suspicionwhen seeing patients who persent with unusual symptoms

• Medical managementnotify the local health authorities

• Local level clinicians and lab-workers play a role in this process

• Knowledgeinfection control issuesuse barrier precautionsbiosafety techniques

when evaluating case and handling the specimens

• CDC- rapid response teams:expert- field operation- epidemiology- microbiology

Laboratory Response Network (LRN) for bioterrorism

• “Response to Bioterrorism:Agents of Bioterrorism.”http://www.bt.cdc.gov/training/btresponse/btagentsscript99.asp#5