7 Penanganan Limbah Buah

7/31/2019 7 Penanganan Limbah Buah

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Penanganan Limbah Buah


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Pokok Bahasan

Buah

Limbah yang dihasilkan

Penanganan limbah


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Buah

Bagian buah :

1. Daging buah

2. Biji

3. Kulit


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Teknologi pengolahan limbah yang berasal dari

pertanian biasanya dianggap tidak berbahaya

Limbah dapat dibakar, digunakan untuk pakanhewan dan digunakan kembali untuk diolah

menjadi berbagai kebutuhan manusia

Terdapat beberapa limbah dr tumbuhan yangberbahaya (Bekesi and Pandi, 2001)

FilterAsbestos and silica filters digunakan di industri

minuman

Blue precipitate dihasilkan dari blue clasificationdi industri wine dapat digunakan untuk produksi asam

tartar tetapi pada sistem pembuangannya

mengandung senyawa sianida.


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Peluang untuk memanfaatkan limbah dari

industri makanan dan produk sampingnya

Pemanfaatan komponen berharga dari bahan

baku yang dapat diubah menjadi produk sampingtergantung pada faktor berikut

Sifat dan kualitas bahan baku

Jenis, karakteristik dan kriteria dari produk samping

Proses teknologi

Tingkat teknis dan kondisi mesin

Faktor manusia


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Certain by product can used as resource of

valuable nutrition for human

Precooling technique

Solid state production

Gas chromatic evaluation The beneficial effect of grinding, soaking, and

cooking on the degradation of dangerous

matters in fruit waste


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Example :

Pectin form apple pomace

Aromas and coloring from fruit waste Oils from seeds

Tartaric acid from wine making

Compos Biogas


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Further processing of by product can transfertheir valuable compound into new product :

Distillery wastes can be added to feed after

appropriate treatment

Household and gardening wastes are utilized for

soil improvement

All organic product can use as profitable product,

such as compos, biogas


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Pollution prevention and Control in

food processing (2)

Use steam instead of hot water to reduce

waste water

Remove solid waste

Reuse concentrated wastewater and solid

waste for production of by product


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Water usage in fruit processing

industry (Anon, 1998)

Product Category Water Use (cubic meter

per metric ton of

products)

Canned fruit 2,54,0

Frozen fruit 5,0 -6,0

Fruit juices 6,5

Jams 6,0

Baby food 6,09,0


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Processing fruit produce 2 kind waste :

Solid waste (peel, seeds and stone)

Waste should be process in same day thatthey become available.

Some preliminary separation during process :

a. Peel and waste pulp in one bin

b. Moldy part, leaves, soil, in second bin

c. Stone and seed in second bin

Liquid waste (wash water)


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Possible product from fruit waste (1)

Candied peel

Peel from citrus fruit (orange, lemon and grapefruit) canused in baked food, snack food (marmaled)

OilsThe stones some fruit (ex. mango, apricot, and peach)contain oil or fat

Pectin

A gelling agent used in jams and some sweet andoccur in ost of fruit. Commercially pectinproduced from citrus peel and apple pomace


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Possible product from fruit waste (2)

Re-formed fruit pieces

Fruit pulp can be recovered and formed into

fruit pieces

Enzymes

ex.: papain (papaya), broumelin (pinneaple)

Vinegar


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Manfaat pengelolaan sampah organik

Pengisi tanah

Sumber pupuk organik

Sumber humus

Media penanaman jamur

Penyubur plankton

Bahan pembuat biogas

Media produk PST

Media produksi vitamin

Bahan makanan ternak


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Kompos

Protein

Asam Amino

Lipida

Karbohidrat

Selulosa

Lignin

Abu

N organik

Oksigen

Mikroorganisme Kelembaban

CO2,

H2O

Metabolitintermediat

Siklus N

Massa sel baru

Humus atau

komposEnergi Panas


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Manfaat pengomposan :

Bidang kebersihan

sampah yang berserakan di pekarangan rumah

akan menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan

Bidang kesehatan

Sampah yang berserakan akan menimbulkan

bau dan gangguan kesehatan


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Air pencucian buah

Air hasil pencucian buah dapat digunakan kembalisetelah melalui :

a. Netralisasi pH

b. Aerasic. Penyaringan

d. Pelunakan air sadah

e. Sedimentasi

f. Koagulasig. Disinfeksi

h. Pemanasan

7 Penanganan Limbah Buah

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