68 LAMPIRAN A HASIL UJI PENETAPAN KADAR PADA EKSTRAK ...

68

LAMPIRAN A

HASIL UJI PENETAPAN KADAR PADA EKSTRAK ETANOL

SALAM-SAMBILOTO

Rep. W sampel

(g) Abs

C

(ppm)

Faktor

Pengenceran

C’

(ppm) Kadar (%)

1 1,0013 0,593 6,681 10 66,81 0,167

2 1,0010 0,651 7,284 10 72,84 0,182

3 1,0003 0,502 5,734 10 57,34 0,143

Perhitungan 4d

0,167 0,0075

0,182 0,0075

0,143* 0,0150

d = 0,0150 : 2

= 0,0075

4d = 4 x 0,0075

= 0,03

0,1745 – 0,143 ... 0,03

0,0315 > 0,03 data 0,143 ditolak

Jadi, rata – rata % kadar total flavonoid pada ekstrak adalah 0,175%

0,1745

+

69

LAMPIRAN B

HASIL UJI PENETAPAN KADAR TOTAL FLAVONOID PADA

FRAKSI AIR SALAM-SAMBILOTO

Rep. W sampel

(g) Abs

C

(ppm)

Faktor

Pengenceran

C’

(ppm) Kadar (%)

1 1,0007 0,475 5,453 66,67 363,53 0,908

2 1,0030 0,485 5,557 66,67 370,46 0,923

3 1,0014 0,502 5,734 66,67 382,27 0,954

Perhitungan 4d

0,908 0,0075

0,923 0,0075

0,954 0,0150

d = 0,0150 : 2

= 0,0075

4d = 4 x 0,0075

= 0,03

0,954 – 0,9155 .... 0,03

0,0385 > 0,03 data 0,954 ditolak

Jadi, rata – rata % kadar total flavonoid pada ekstrak adalah 0,916%

0,9155

+

70

LAMPIRAN C

SERTIFIKAT ANALISIS PENGUJIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL

SALAM

71

LAMPIRAN D

SERTIFIKAT ANALISIS PENGUJIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL

SAMBILOTO

72

LAMPIRAN E

HASIL UJI MUTU FISIK GRANUL

Uji Granul Formula 1 Formula 2 Formula 3 Formula 4

Kadar air

I 4,63 4,67 4,87 5 II 5 4,67 3,99 4,83

Rata-rata 4,815 4,67 4,43 4,915 SD 0,26 0 0,62 0,12

Bulk density

I 0,5723 0,5967 0,5911 0,5975

II 0,5723 0,5801 0,5955 0,5788

Rata-rata 0,5723 0,5884 0,5933 0,5882

SD 0 0,01 0,003 0,01

Tapped

density

I 0,7298 0,7277 0,7209 0,7199

II 0,7065 0,7162 0,7351 0,7146

Rata-rata 0,7182 0,7220 0,728 0,7173

SD 0,02 0,008 0,01 0,004

Carr Index

I 18 18 18 17

II 19 19 19 19

Rata-rata 18,5 18,5 18,5 18

SD 0,71 0,71 0,71 1,41

Hausner

ratio

I 1,22 1,22 1,22 1,20

II 1,23 1,23 1,23 1,23

Rata-rata 1,225 1,225 1,225 1,215

SD 0,007 0,007 0,007 0,02

73

LAMPIRAN F

CONTOH PERHITUNGAN CARR’S INDEX DAN HAUSNER RATIO

Berat gelas ukur = 105,056

Berat gelas ukur + isi = 164,9005

Berat granul = 59,8445

V awal = 100

V akhir = 82

𝜌 𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑑 = 59,8445

82= 0,7298

𝜌 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑘 = 59,8445

100= 0,5984

𝐻𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 = 0,7298

0,5984= 1,22

𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑟′𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑥 = 0,7298 − 0,5984

0,7298𝑥100 = 18

74

LAMPIRAN G

HASIL UJI KESERAGAMAN BOBOT TABLET FORMULA 1

Replikasi 1

No Bobot Tablet (mg) Penyimpangan (%)

1 699,9 0,7544

2 700,2 0,7118

3 702,4 0,3999 4 708,1 0,4084

5 709 0,5360

6 706,2 0,1390 7 704,8 0,0596

8 704,7 0,0737 9 708,3 0,4367

10 705,3 0,0113

11 706,8 0,2240 12 705,2 0,0028

13 705 0,0312

14 705 0,0312

15 702,4 0,3999

16 708,4 0,4509

17 705,2 0,0028 18 704,5 0,1021

19 705,1 0,0170

20 707,9 0,3800

Rata-rata 705,22

±

SD 2,55

75

Replikasi 2


1 700,7 0,64

2 700,4 0,68

3 706,6 0,20 4 704,2 0,14

5 698,1 1,01 6 704,1 0,16

7 697,9 1,04

8 696,8 1,19

9 703,2 0,29

10 699,8 0,77

11 705,3 0,01 12 706,1 0,12

13 705,9 0,10

14 702,4 0,40 15 701,7 0,50

16 706,1 0,12

17 694,5 1,52 18 704,4 0,12

19 699,2 0,85

20 700,8 0,63

Rata-rata 701,91

±

SD 3,49

76

LAMPIRAN H

HASIL UJI KEKERASAN TABLET FORMULA 1

No Replikasi 1 Replikasi 2

1 6,3 6,8

2 6 7,2 3 6,1 7,2

4 6,1 7

5 6 6,5

6 5,9 6,8

7 6,5 6,7 8 6,5 6,3

9 6,7 6,5

10 6,5 6,5

Rata-rata 6,26 6,75

±

SD 0,28 0,31

77

LAMPIRAN I


Replikasi 1


1 704,7 0,16

2 707,3 0,21

3 708,8 0,43 4 707,2 0,20

5 705,4 0,06

6 707,5 0,24 7 704,2 0,23

8 705,3 0,07 9 706,6 0,11

10 707,8 0,28

11 700,3 0,78 12 705,5 0,04

13 706,4 0,09

14 705,3 0,07

15 701,8 0,57

16 705 0,11

17 708 0,31 18 705,3 0,07

19 705,7 0,01

20 707,8 0,28

Rata-rata 705,79

±

SD 2,07

78

Replikasi 2


1 702,5 0,47

2 701,9 0,55

3 699,3 0,92 4 702,1 0,52

5 704,4 0,20 6 702,6 0,45

7 701,9 0,55

8 700,6 0,74

9 701,6 0,59

10 699,9 0,84

11 706,8 0,14 12 706,6 0,11

13 702,7 0,44

14 704,2 0,23 15 701,8 0,57

16 703,5 0,33

17 703 0,40 18 702,1 0,52

19 697 1,25

20 705,5 0,04

Rata-rata 702,05

±

SD 2,35

79

LAMPIRAN J

HASIL UJI KEKERASAN TABLET FORMULA 2


1 6,9 7,1

2 7,3 7,1 3 6,9 6,7

4 6,5 7,1

5 6,7 7

6 7,4 7,2

7 7 7,2 8 8 6,8

9 6,8 6,9

10 7 7

Rata-rata 7,05 7,01

±

SD 0,42 0,17

80

LAMPIRAN K


Replikasi 1


1 699,9 0,35

2 699,3 0,43

3 699,4 0,42 4 703,9 0,22

5 699,6 0,39

6 704,3 0,28 7 700,2 0,30

8 699,9 0,35 9 706,6 0,61

10 702,3 0,00

11 705 0,38 12 703,9 0,22

13 700,7 0,23

14 704,5 0,31

15 703,7 0,20

16 700,6 0,25

17 703,2 0,12 18 703,3 0,14

19 702,6 0,04

20 703,7 0,20

Rata-rata 702,33

±

SD 2,20

81

Replikasi 2


1 709,6 1,04

2 709,9 1,08

3 708 0,81 4 707,1 0,68

5 704,5 0,31 6 704,1 0,25

7 710,8 1,21

8 709,6 1,04

9 703,1 0,11

10 707,2 0,69

11 704,8 0,35 12 703,3 0,14

13 705,2 0,41

14 705,7 0,48 15 698,1 0,60

16 710,1 1,11

17 706,3 0,57 18 702,2 0,02

19 709,9 1,08

20 705,8 0,49

Rata-rata 706,27

±

SD 3,26

82

LAMPIRAN L

KEKERASAN TABLET FORMULA 3


1 8 7,2 2 7,3 7,3

3 7,4 7,4

4 6,9 7,3

5 7,6 7,4

6 7,5 7,2

7 6,8 7,4 8 7,3 7,2

9 7,5 7

10 7,4 7,2

Rata-rata 7,37 7,26

± SD 0,34 0,13

83

LAMPIRAN M

KESERAGAMAN BOBOT TABLET FORMULA 4

Replikasi 1


1 702,7 0,19 2 699,8 0,22

3 703,1 0,25

4 700,5 0,12

5 701,2 0,02

6 705,3 0,56

7 703,2 0,26 8 699,4 0,28

9 699,8 0,22

10 699 0,34 11 702,4 0,15

12 699,7 0,24

13 699,4 0,28 14 701,7 0,05

15 699,3 0,29

16 700,9 0,07 17 702,2 0,12

18 704,9 0,50

19 701,2 0,02 20 701,6 0,03

Rata-rata 701,37 ±

SD 1,84

84

Replikasi 2


1 703,2 0,26

2 704,1 0,39

3 704,6 0,46 4 703,6 0,32

5 700,7 0,09 6 702,3 0,13

7 701,3 0,01

8 704,3 0,42

9 699,2 0,31

10 699,1 0,32

11 701,9 0,08 12 696,8 0,65

13 699,2 0,31

14 697,1 0,61 15 706,1 0,68

16 704,8 0,49

17 704,2 0,40 18 702,5 0,16

19 701,1 0,04

20 704,5 0,45

Rata-rata 702,03

±

SD 2,66

85

LAMPIRAN N

KEKERASAN TABLET FORMULA 4


1 6,7 7,2 2 7 6,8

3 7 7,4

4 6,7 6,7

5 6,8 7,1

6 6,9 7,5

7 6,8 7 8 7,1 6,8

9 7 6,9

10 6,8 6,9

Rata-rata 6,88 7,04

± SD 0,14 0,28

86

LAMPIRAN O

HASIL UJI KERAPUHAN FORMULA TABLET SALAM –

SAMBILOTO

Formula Rep Berat

awal

Berat

akhir

Berat

hilang Kerapuhan(%)

Rata-rata ±

SD

Formula 1 I 14,8196 14,7615 0,0581 0,39 0,36

II 14,0458 14,0004 0,0454 0,32 ± 0,05

Formula 2 I 14,1146 14,0602 0,0544 0,39 0,33

II 14,0741 14,0362 0,0379 0,27 ± 0,08

Formula 3 I 14,0619 14,0089 0,0530 0,38 0,39

II 14,1156 14,0600 0,0556 0,39 ± 0,01

Formula 4 I 14,0381 13,9895 0,0486 0,35 0,32

II 14,0318 13,9911 0,0407 0,29 ± 0,04

87

LAMPIRAN P

SERTIFIKAT ANALISIS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SALAM

91

LAMPIRAN Q

SERTIFIKAT ANALISIS EKSTRAK ETANOL HERBA

SAMBILOTO

92

LAMPIRAN R

SERTIFIKAT ANALISIS PHARMATOSE

93

LAMPIRAN S

SERTIFIKAT ANALISIS CROSPOVIDONE

96

LAMPIRAN T

SERIFIKAT ANALISIS GELATIN

97

LAMPIRAN U

HASIL UJI STATISTIK KEKERASAN TABLET ANTAR

FORMULA TABLET EKSTRAK ETANOL SALAM-SAMBILOTO

98

LAMPIRAN V

HASIL UJI STATISTIK KERAPUHAN TABLET ANTAR


99

LAMPIRAN W

HASIL UJI STATISTIK WAKTU HANCUR TABLET ANTAR


100

LAMPIRAN X

HASIL ANOVA UJI KEKERASAN PADA DESIGN EXPERT

Response 1 Kekerasan

ANOVA for selected factorial model

Analysis of variance table [Partial sum of squares - Type III]

Source

Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

F Value

p-value Prob > F

Model 0.60625 3 0.202083333 7.794921247 0.038 Significant A-Gelatin 0.00845 1 0.00845 0.325940212 0.5986 B-Crospovidone 0.245 1 0.245 9.450337512 0.0371 AB 0.3528 1 0.3528 13.60848602 0.021 Pure Error 0.1037 4 0.025925 Cor Total 0.70995 7

The Model F-value of 7.79 implies the model is significant. There is only a

3.80% chance that a "Model F-Value" this large could occur due to noise.

Values of "Prob > F" less than 0.0500 indicate model terms are significant.

In this case B, AB are significant model terms.

Values greater than 0.1000 indicate the model terms are not significant.

If there are many insignificant model terms (not counting those required to

support hierarchy), model reduction may improve your model.

Std. Dev. 0.16 R-Squared 0.8539

Mean6.96 Adj R-Squared 0.7444

C.V. % 2.31 Pred R-Squared 0.4157

PRESS 0.41 Adeq Precision 6.763

The "Pred R-Squared" of 0.4157 is not as close to the "Adj R-Squared" of

0.7444 as one might normally expect. This may indicate a large block

effect or a possible problem with your model and/or data.

Things to consider are model reduction, response tranformation, outliers,

etc.

"Adeq precision" measures the signal to noise ratio. A ratio greater than 4

is desirable. Your ratio of 6.763 indicates an adequate signal. This model

can be used to navigate the design space.

101

Factor Coefficient Estimate

df Standard

Error 95% CI

Low 95% CI High

VIF

Intercept 6.9625 1 0.056926488 6.804446736 7.1205533 A-Gelatin 0.0325 1 0.056926488 -0.12555326 0.1905533 1 B-Crospovidone

0.175 1 0.056926488 0.016946736 0.3330533 1

AB -0.21 1 0.056926488 -0.36805326 -0.051947 1

Final Equation in Terms of Coded Factors:

Kekerasan =

+6.96

+0.033 * A

+0.18 * B

-0.21 * A * B

Final Equation in Terms of Actual Factors:

Kekerasan =

+6.96250

+0.032500 * Gelatin

+0.17500 * Crospovidone

-0.21000 * Gelatin * Crospovidone

The Diagnostics Case Statistics Report has been moved to the Diagnostics

Node. In the Diagnostics Node, Select Case Statistics from the View Menu.

Proceed to Diagnostic Plots (the next icon in progression). Be sure to look

at the:

1) Normal probability plot of the studentized residuals to check for

normality of residuals.

2) Studentized residuals versus predicted values to check for constant

error.

3) Externally Studentized Residuals to look for outliers, i.e., influential

values.

4) Box-Cox plot for power transformations.

If all the model statistics and diagnostic plots are OK, finish up with the

Model Graphs icon.

102

LAMPIRAN Y

HASIL ANOVA UJI WAKTU HANCUR PADA DESIGN EXPERT

Response 2 Waktu hancur



Source Sum of Squares

df Mean

Square F

Value p-value Prob > F

Model 2.0602375 3 0.686745833 15.60342706 0.0113 significant A-Gelatin 1.9900125 1 1.9900125 45.21471173 0.0025 B-Crospovidone 0.0666125 1 0.0666125 1.513490486 0.286 AB 0.0036125 1 0.0036125 0.082078955 0.7887 Pure Error 0.17605 4 0.0440125 Cor Total 2.2362875 7

There is only a 1.13% chance that a The Model F-value of 15.60 implies

the model is significant. There is only a 1.13% chance that a "Model F-

Value" this large could occur due to noise.


In this case A are significant model terms.





Mean13.11 Adj R-Squared 0.8622

C.V. % 1.60 Pred R-Squared 0.6851


The "Pred R-Squared" of 0.6851 is in reasonable agreement with the "Adj

R-Squared" of 0.8622.

"Adeq Precision" measures the signal to noise ratio. A ratio greater than 4

is desirable. Your ratio of 7.954 indicates an adequate signal. This model

can be used to navigate the design space.

103


df Standard

Error 95% CI

Low 95% CI High

VIF

Intercept 13.11125 1 0.074172518 12.90531408 13.317186 A-Gelatin 0.49875 1 0.074172518 0.292814079 0.7046859 1 B-Crospovidone 0.09125 1 0.074172518 -0.11468592 0.2971859 1 AB -0.02125 1 0.074172518 -0.22718592 0.1846859 1


Waktu hancur =

+13.11

+0.50 * A

+0.091 * B

-0.021 * A * B


Waktu hancur =

+13.11125

+0.49875 * Gelatin

+0.091250 * Crospovidone


The Diagnostics Case Statistics Report has been moved to the iagnostics

Node.

In the Diagnostics Node, Select Case Statistics from the View Menu.

Proceed to Diagnostic Plots (the next icon in progression). Be sure to

look at the:




error.


values.



Model Graphs icon.

104

LAMPIRAN Z

HASIL ANOVA UJI KERAPUHAN PADA DESIGN EXPERT

Response 3 Kerapuhan



Source Sum of Squares

Df Mean

Square F

Value p-value Prob > F

Model 0.00505 3 0.0017 0.585507246 0.6558 not significant A-Gelatin 0.00405 1 0.00405 1.408695652 0.3009 B-Crospovidone 0.0002 1 0.0002 0.069565217 0.805 AB 0.0008 1 0.0008 0.27826087 0.6257 Pure Error 0.0115 4 0.002875 Cor Total 0.01655 7

The "Model F-value" of 0.59 implies the model is not significant relative to

the noise. There is a 65.58 % chance that a "Model F-value" this large

could occur due to noise.


In this case there are no significant model terms.





Mean0.35 Adj R-Squared -0.2160

C.V. % 15.43 Pred R-Squared -1.7795


A negative "Pred R-Squared" implies that the overall mean is a better

predictor of your response than the current model.

"Adeq Precision" measures the signal to noise ratio. A ratio of 1.71

indicates an inadequatesignal and we should not use this model to navigate

the design space.

105


df Standard

Error 95% CI

Low 95% CI High

VIF

Intercept 0.3475 1 0.018957189 0.294866408 0.4001336

A-Gelatin -0.0225 1 0.018957189 -0.07513359 0.0301336 1 B-Crospovidone 0.005 1 0.018957189 -0.04763359 0.0576336 1

AB -0.01 1 0.018957189 -0.06263359 0.0426336 1


Kerapuhan =

+0.35

-0.023 * A

+5.000E-003 * B

-0.010 * A * B


Kerapuhan =

+0.34750

-0.022500 * Gelatin

+5.00000E-003 * Crospovidone


The Diagnostics Case Statistics Report has been moved to the iagnostics

Node.

In the Diagnostics Node, Select Case Statistics from the View Menu.

Proceed to Diagnostic Plots (the next icon in progression). Be sure to

look at the:




error.


values.



model Graphs icon.

106

LAMPIRAN AA

HASIL UJI KESERAGAMAN BOBOT TABLET FORMULA

OPTIMUM

Replikasi 1


1 686,3 0,83

2 688,5 0,51 3 692,6 0,08

4 688,3 0,54

5 689 0,44 6 685,5 0,95

7 686,2 0,85

8 690,9 0,17 9 690,6 0,21

10 681,9 1,47

11 686,6 0,79 12 699 1,00

13 699,4 1,06

14 699,3 1,05 15 695 0,43

16 693,2 0,17

17 695,4 0,48 18 694,7 0,38

19 699,6 1,09

20 699 1,00

Rata-rata 692,05

±

SD 5,48

107

Replikasi 2


1 693,4 0,20

2 692,5 0,07

3 692 0,01 4 690,9 0,17

5 686,2 0,85 6 689,8 0,33

7 687,1 0,72

8 690,5 0,22

9 693 0,14

10 684,6 1,08

11 692,5 0,07 12 684,7 1,06

13 689,3 0,40

14 685,4 0,96 15 694,5 0,35

16 686,4 0,82

17 688,1 0,57 18 685,9 0.89

19 689,5 0,37

20 687,7 0,63

Rata-rata 689,2

±

SD 3,13

108

LAMPIRAN AB

HASIL UJI KEKERASAN TABLET FORMULA OPTIMUM


1 6,3 6,3 2 7 6,8

3 6,4 6,2

4 6,5 6,1

5 6,8 7

6 6,5 6,2

7 6,1 6,7 8 6,3 6,4

9 6,3 6,4

10 7 6,6

Rata-rata 6,52 6,47

± SD 0,31 0,29

109

LAMPIRAN AC

HASIL UJI KERAPUHAN TABLET FORMULA OPTIMUM

Formula Berat awal Berat akhir Berat hilang Kerapuhan Rata-rata ±

SD

Formula I 13,766 13,6330 0,0470 0,34 0,35

II 13,719 13,5834 0,0496 0,36 ± 0,02

110

LAMPIRAN AD

HASIL UJI STATISTIK ONE SAMPLE T-TEST KEKERASAN

TABLET FORMULA OPTIMUM SALAM-SAMBILOTO

111

LAMPIRAN AE

HASIL UJI STATISTIK ONE SAMPLE T-TEST KERAPUHAN


112

LAMPIRAN AF

HASIL UJI STATISTIK ONE SAMPLE T-TEST WAKTU HANCUR


113

LAMPIRAN AG

HASIL UJI PENETAPAN KADAR TABLET FORMULA OPTIMUM

Kurva baku

Pengamatan dilakukan pada panjang gelombang maximum 440,8

Konsentrasi Absorbansi

0,65 0,016

1,25 0,075

2,5 0,196

5 0,417

8 0,709

10 0,926

Persamaan kurva baku = -0,049 + 9,610 x 10-2

R hitung = 0,999 R tabel (4, 1%) = 0,917

R hitung > R tabel terdapat korelasi

Penetapan kadar

Replikasi Absorbansi Kadar Flavonoid Total

dalam Tablet % recovery

1 0,247 0,110% 97,15

2 0,258 0,114% 99,73

Rata-rata 0,112 % 98,44%

SD 0,003 1,82 KV 2,68 1,85

Penetapan Kadar (Replikasi 1)

Berat tablet yang ditimbang = 700,5 mg

Berat rata-rata 3 tablet = 695,5 mg

Absorbansi = 0,247

Kadar flavonoid dalam ekstrak = 0,175%

Berat ekstrak dalam 1 tablet = 0,45 gram

114

% 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑖𝑑 𝑑𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑚 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑡 =3,080 𝑥 10

700,50,025

𝑥100% = 0,110%

% 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑒ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑘𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑖 =0,110% 𝑥 0.6955

0,175% 𝑥 0,45𝑥 100 = 97,15%

Penetapan Kadar (Replikasi 2)

Berat tablet yang ditimbang = 702,7 mg

Berat rata-rata 3 tablet = 688,9 mg

Absorbansi = 0,258

Kadar flavonoid dalam ekstrak = 0,175%

Berat ekstrak dalam 1 tablet = 0,45 gram

𝐾𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑖𝑑 𝑑𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑚 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑡 =3,195 𝑥 10

702,70,025

𝑥100% = 0,114%

% 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑒ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑘𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑖 =0,114% 𝑥 0.6889

0,175% 𝑥 0,45𝑥 100 = 99,73%

115

LAMPIRAN AH

TABEL R

116

LAMPIRAN AI

TABEL F (0,05)

117

LAMPIRAN AJ

TABEL T

68 LAMPIRAN A HASIL UJI PENETAPAN KADAR PADA EKSTRAK ...

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