5 Kesalahan Fatal Belajar Bahasa...

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Transcript of 5 Kesalahan Fatal Belajar Bahasa...

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Bayi menghabiskan banyak waktunya sebelum berbicara untuk mendengar,

menyimak, dan menyaksikan orang dewasa bercakap-cakap.

“Kita semua terlahir tanpa bisa berbicara sepatah katapun apalagi membaca dan menulis.”

Adalah sebuah kesalahan besar jika Anda berniat mulai mempelajari sebuah bahasa asing,

berharap bisa langsung fasih speaking, paham bacaan kompleks, atau bahkan mampu menulis

dalam bahasa yang baru saja Anda pelajari.

Bayi menghabiskan ratusan jam untuk listening, listening, dan listening. Setelah

dewasa, mengapa kita justru tidak memprioritaskan aspek listening?

Kurikulum sekolah lebih sibuk membahas grammar, penggunaan software mahal, atau

memaksa siswa-siswi untuk langsung bisa menulis dan berbicara (conversation).

Maka tak heran, jika sebagian besar kita merasakan kesulitan dalam aspek listening

ini. Karena “mendengar” tidak pernah dilatih dari awal proses belajar bahasa, selalu

disepelekan atau bahkan tidak diasah sama sekali.

Padahal pendengaran adalah indera pertama yang harus dilatih sebelum seseorang benar-

benar bisa berbicara (speaking), membaca (reading), dan menulis (writing).

“Merusak urutas belajar di atas adalah sebuah kesalahan fatal”

Disinilah mengapa belajar menggunakan video menjadi salah satu alternatif yang

alami, terjangkau, & natural untuk mempelajari sebuah bahasa asing.

Dengar, dengar, & dengar sebanyak mungkin, terus dengarkan meskipun Anda belum paham.

Jangan tergesa-gesa untuk menjadi FASIH. Ingat! Bayi menghabiskan waktunya hingga

ratusan bahkan ribuan jam untuk bisa berbicara, itupun baru a, i, u, e, o saja.

Bersabarlah, ini adalah proses yang natural.

Metode belajar lainnya seperti melalui buku atau kursus hanya menjadi pelengkap saja.

Berapa banyak orang yang telah mengikuti kursus bertahun-tahun tapi tidak bisa apa-apa

kecuali mengatakan “How are you? I am fine”.

Hal ini karena mereka kehilangan essensi yang sebenarnya. Kursus dan pelajaran

melalui buku tetap penting, tapi di luar itu, Anda harus tetap banyak terekspos dengan

target bahasa yang ingin Anda kuasai. Mulailah dengan banyak menyimak video.

Selamat mencoba dan semoga berhasil!

Belajar Bahasa Asing

5 Kesalahan Fatal

Belajarlah Seperti Bayi

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Kecepatan Bisa Diatur

Anda dapat mengulang-ulang video

tanpa batas. Kecepatan dapat

disesuaikan, diperlambat atau

dipercepat 2x, 3x, atau 4x.

Native Speaker

Anda akan mendapatkan

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Snapshot Video

IELTS

IELTS

Rp 100,000 Rp 49,000 - Pesan Sekarang Juga: +62 838 7 31 31 31 7

TOEFL

TOEIC

SAT

GRE

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Belanda

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Mandarin

Jepang

Korea

Arab

Spanyol

Portugis

Norwegia

English

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Screenshot eBook

Bahasa Jerman

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Apa Itu TOEIC?

TOEIC (Test of English for International Communication) adalah tes atau ujian

yang ditujukan untuk menguji kemampuan bahasa Inggris seseorang dalam dunia

bisnis dan pekerjaan. Tipikal pertanyaan dalam TOEIC biasanya berkaitan dengan

dunia bisnis (meetings, marketing, sales, negotiations), travel (hotels, taxis,

airlines), entertainment (restaurants, movies, museums), olahraga dan kesehatan

(doctors, dentists, exercise).

TOEIC diciptakan untuk memnuhi standar kemampuan ujian bahasa Inggris bagi

karyawan dan pencari kerja di seluruh dunia. Terdapat dua bagian utama pada

TOEIC yaitu menyimak (listening) dan memahami teks bacaan (reading). Setiap

bagian memiliki masing-masing 100 pertanyaan multiple choice (pilihan berganda)

dengan nilai maksimal setiap bagiannya adalah 485. Jadi total nilai jika seluruh

pertanyaan mampu dijawab benar adalah 990.

Di bawah ini adalah gambaran singkat mengenai prosedur penilaian dalam TOEIC:

805-890 High advanced

655-800 Advanced

555-650 High intermediate

405-550 Intermediate

305-400 High beginner

205-300 Beginner

10-200 Low beginner

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Tips TOEIC

Berikut ini adalah beberapa tips untuk mendapatkan nilai TOEIC di atas 800:

1. Berlatih, berlatih, dan berlatih.

Perlu diingat, meskipun TOEIC, TOEFL, IELTS merupakan sama-sama tes

kemampuan bahasa Inggris, ketiganya memiliki format pertanyaan yang berbeda-

beda. Oleh karena itu, para kandidat yang ingin mengikuti ujian TOEIC, sangat

disarankan untuk berlatih dan familiar dengan tipe-tipe soal yang ditanyakan dalam

ujian TOEIC.

2. Belajar Bersama (Group Study).

Belajar secara bersama-sama dengan teman yang juga berencana untuk mengikuti

ujian TOEIC dapat memotivasi Anda untuk lebih giat belajar. Terkadang, rasa

malas sering datang ketika kita beajar hanya seorang diri. Selain itu, dengan belajar

secara bersama-sama, setiap orang diharapkan dapat menutupi kekurangan anggota

lainnya dengan saling bertukar pikiran dan berbagi ilmu. Group Study juga dapat

membuat situasi belajar menjadi lebih menyenangkan dan mengurangi tingkat

stress ketika belajar.

3. Jawab semua pertanyaan.

Pada TOEIC, tidak ada pengurangan nilai untuk setiap jawaban yang salah. Jika

Anda sama sekali tidak mengetahui jawaban apa yang harus Anda isikan pada

lembar jawaban, tebak saja jawabannya. Namun perlu diingat bahwa dalam

menjawab pertanyaan pada tes ini Anda tidak boleh mengganti-ganti tebakan Anda.

Peluang Anda untuk mendapatkan nilai yang benar akan lebih besar jika Anda

konsisten menebak dengan jawaban yang sama. Misalnya, jika Anda menjawab A

maka teruslah menjawab dengan jawaban A untuk soal-soal yang Anda tidak

mengetahui jawabannya, jangan mengganti-ganti tebakan Anda menjadi B, C, atau

D. Dengan cara ini, peluang Anda untuk mendapatkan jawaban benar dengan

melakukan tebakan adalah 25% pada bagian pertama dan 33% pada bagian kedua.

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4. Menebak Cerdas.

Setiap soal TOEIC memiliki satu jawaban yang jelas-jelas salah, Anda akan mampu

mengenali pilihan jawaban yang salah ini. Coret pilihan ini dan jangan pernah

memilihnya. Biasanya akan tersisa dua jawaban yang hampir sama dan terlihat

mirip. Biasanya jawaban yang tepat adalah satu diantara dua jawaban itu. Yang

satunya merupakan jawaban benar dan satunya lagi adalah jawaban yang disiapkan

untuk menjebak atau mengecoh Anda.

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TOEIC Vocabulary

1. focus (noun & verb)

give attention to something: to give special attention to one particular person

or thing, or to make people do this.

2. predict (verb)

to say what is going to happen in the future, often on the basis of present

indications or past experience [↪ prediction].

3. pick out (phr-V)

to choose or select something or somebody from among others.

4. theme (noun)

the main subject or idea in a piece of writing, speech, film etc.

5. statement (noun)

the act of expressing something in words.

6. brainstorm (verb)

to think of many ideas on a topic quickly & creatively.

7. distractor (noun)

incorrect option in multiple-choice question: an incorrect option shown as a

possible answer to a multiple-choice question.

8. Internet café

a café with computers where people can pay to use the internet.

9. diary (noun)

a book in which you write down the things that happen to you each day [=

journal].

10. barber (noun)

1. a man whose job is to cut men's hair and sometimes to shave them

2.barber's British English a shop where men's hair is cut [=barbershop

American English].

11. wood (noun)

the material that trees are made of [↪ wooden, woody].

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12. sail (noun)

a large piece of strong cloth fixed onto a boat, so that the wind will push the

boat along.

13. pour (verb)

to make a liquid or other substance flow out of or into a container by holding

it at an angle.

14. pot (noun)

for a plant: a container for a plant, usually made of plastic or baked clay.

15. gaze (verb)

to look at someone or something for a long time, giving it all your attention,

often without realizing you are doing so [= stare].

16. hang (verb)

to put something in a position so that the top part is fixed or supported, and the

bottom part is free to move and does not touch the ground.

17. phone booth (noun)

a small structure that is partly or completely enclosed, containing a public

telephone.

18. apron (noun)

a piece of clothing that covers the front part of your clothes and is tied around

your waist, worn to keep your clothes clean, especially while cooking.

19. factual (adj)

based on facts or relating to facts.

20. key words (noun)

the most important words in terms of meaning usually nouns, verbs, adjectives,

adverbs and question words (Wh-questions).

21. distractor (noun)

an incorrect option shown as a possible answer to a multiple-choice question.

22. be familiar with something

to have a good knowledge or understanding of something.

23. staff (noun)

the group of people who work for an organization.

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24. stuff (noun)

material things generally, especially when unidentified, worthless, or

unwanted.

25. range (noun)

a number of people or things that are all different, but are all of the same general

type.

26. arrangement (noun)

plans and preparations that you must make so that sth can happen.

27. minutes (plr-N)

an official written record of what is said and decided at a meeting.

28. go off (phr-V)

begin sounding: to start to ring, sound, or vibrate.

29. finding (noun)

the information that someone has discovered as a result of their study, work

etc.

30. positively (adv)

in a way that shows you agree with something or want it to succeed

[≠negatively].

31. parcel (noun) (US package)

an object or collection of objects wrapped in paper, especially so that it can be

sent by post.

32. platform (noun)

a long flat raised structure at a railway station, where people get on and off

trains.

33. midnight (noun)

12 o'clock at night or the period around the middle of the night.

34. vacation (noun) US

a holiday especially when you are travelling away from home for pleasure.

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35. responsibility (noun)

something that it is your job or duty to deal with.

36. skim (verb)

to read or consider something quickly in order to understand the main points,

to read something quickly to find the main facts or ideas in it [= scan].

37. predict (verb)

to say what will happen, before it happens [↪ prediction].

38. context (noun)

text surrounding word or passage: the words that come just before and after a

word or sentence and that help you understand its meaning.

39. paraphrase (verb)

to restate something using other words, especially in order to make it simpler

or shorter.

40. adapter (noun)

electric connector: a device used to connect an electrical appliance to a power

source with a different voltage or a different plug shape, or to connect several

appliances to one outlet.

41. receipt (noun)

a piece of paper that you are given which shows that you have paid for

something.

42. colleague (noun)

someone you work with, used especially by professional people.

43. client (noun)

customer.

44. air conditioner (noun)

a machine/system that makes the air in a room or building cooler and drier.

45. delay (verb)

to make something happen at a later time than originally planned or expected.

46. comment (noun)

an opinion that you express about someone or something [= remark].

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47. feedback (noun)

response: comments in the form of opinions about and reactions to something,

intended to provide useful information for future decisions and development.

48. theoretical (adj)

based on theory: about, involving, or based on theory.

49. practical (adj)

relating to real situations and events rather than ideas, emotions etc

[theoretical].

50. criticize (verb)

express disapproval of someone or something, or to talk about their faults

[≠praise].

51. session (noun)

a period of time used for a particular activity, especially by a group of people.

52. ride (noun)

a journey in a vehicle, when you are not driving [↪ lift].

53. appreciate (verb)

value sb or sth highly: to recognize and like the qualities in sb or something.

54. package (noun)

a set of ideas or services that are suggested or offered all together as a group.

55. shop (noun)

workshop: a place where something is made or repaired.

56. block (verb)

obstruct movement: to prevent or restrict movement through, into, or out of

something.

57. emergency (noun)

an unexpected and dangerous situation that must be dealt with urgently [↪

crisis].

58. replace (verb)

to change something that is old, damaged, etc. for a similar thing that is newer

or better.

59. strap (noun)

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a narrow flexible strip of a material such as leather, plastic, or metal, used to

bind or secure something.

60. imagine (verb)

to form an image or idea of somebody or something in the mind.

61. announce (verb)

to declare or report something publicly [↪ announcement].

62. interrupt (verb)

to stop something from happening for a short period.

63. in the meantime (noun)

until something expected happens, or while something else is happening.

64. complimentary (adj)

If tickets, books, etc. are complimentary, they are given free, especially by a

business.

65. attention (noun)

notice, thought or interest.

66. inform (verb)

to officially tell someone about something or give them information.

67. shuttle (noun)

a vehicle or aircraft that travels regularly between two places.

68. as far as

used when talking about the distance between two places or the distance that is

to be traveled.

69. unused (adj)

not being used at present.

70. portion (noun)

a part of something larger, especially a part that is different from the other parts.

71. journey (noun)

a trip or expedition from one place to another.

72. shortly (adv)

soon or in a short time.

73. apologize (verb)

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to tell someone that you are sorry that you have done something wrong.

74. inconvenience (noun)

problems caused by something which annoy or affect you.

75. immediate (adj)

happening or done at once, or without delay.

76. tropical (adj)

relating to or characteristic of the tropics.

77. getaway (noun)

a place that is suitable for a holiday/vacation.

78. secluded (adj)

cut off from other places and therefore private and quiet.

79. base (noun)

the main place from which a person, company, or organization controls their

activities.

80. no longer/not any longer

used when something used to happen or be true in the past but does not happen

or is not true now.

81. coral reef (noun)

found in warm sea water that is not very deep.

82. host (verb)

to provide the place and everything that is needed for an organized event.

83. break (noun)

a short vacation away from home.

84. escape (verb)

to avoid something bad or that you do not want to happen.

85. deadline (noun)

a date or time by which you have to do or complete something.

86. finalize (verb)

to finish the last part of a plan, business deal etc.

87. typos (noun)

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typographical error: a printing error that results from striking the wrong key on

a keyboard, e.g. a misspelled word.

88. out of the blue

if something happens out of the blue, it is very unexpected, without warning

89. summarize (verb)

make summary: to give a shortened version of something that has been said or

written, stating its main points.

90. volume (noun)

the total amount of something.

91. performance (noun)

working effectiveness: the manner in which something or somebody functions,

operates, or behaves.

92. top-of-the-line (US)/range

used for describing something that is the most expensive in a group of similar

products.

93. executive (adj)

expensive and designed for people who earn a lot of money.

94. impressive (adj)

something that is impressive makes you admire it because it is very good, large,

important etc.

95. result in (phr-V)

to make something happen [= cause].

96. boost (verb)

to increase or improve something and make it more successful.

97. target (verb)

to aim something at a target.

98. discard (verb)

to get rid of something [= throw away].

99. residential (adj)

relating to homes rather than offices or businesses [↪ domestic].

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100. waste (noun)

unwanted or unusable items, remains, or byproducts, or household garbage.

101. apartment (noun) American English

a set of rooms on one floor of a large building, where someone lives [= flat

British English].

102. safety (noun)

the state of being safe and protected from danger or harm.

103. fasten (verb)

to attach something firmly to another object or surface.

104. seat belt (noun)

belt attached to the seat of a car or plane which you fasten around yourself for

protection in an accident.

105. statistics (plr-N)

a collection of information shown in numbers.

106. route (noun)

a particular way or direction between places.

107. adjust (verb)

to change or move something slightly to improve it or make it more suitable

for a particular purpose.

108. distract (verb)

to take somebody's attention away from what he or she is doing or thinking or

from what is happening.

109. go down (phr-V)

get lower: to become lower in level, amount etc.

110. isolate (verb)

to separate one person, group, or thing from other people or things.

111. bypass (verb)

to avoid an obstacle, obstruction, or problem by using an alternative route or

method.

112. failure (noun)

a breakdown or the state of not working correctly or as expected.

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113. unfamiliar (adj)

not known to you.

114. underway (adj)

happening now.

115. feature (noun)

something important, interesting or typical of a place or thing.

116. retire (verb)

to stop working, usually because you have reached a certain age:

[↪retirement].

117. rejection (noun)

the act of not accepting, believing in, or agreeing with something [≠

acceptance].

118. delegate (noun)

someone who has been elected or chosen to speak, vote, or take decisions for

a group [↪ representative].

119. eliminate (verb)

to completely get rid of something that is unnecessary or unwanted.

120. result in (phr-V)

to make something happen [= cause].

121. proposal (noun)

suggested idea or plan: a suggestion or intention, especially one put forward

formally or officially.

122. favor (verb)

help: to provide suitable conditions for something to happen.

123. favorable (adj)

suitable and likely to make something happen or succeed.

124. challenge (verb)

competition: to invite someone to compete or fight against you, or to try to win

something [↪ challenger, dare].

125. simplify (verb)

to make something easier or less complicated.

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126. reach (verb)

speak to somebody: if you reach someone, you succeed in speaking to them on

the telephone [= contact].

127. place (verb)

arrange something: to arrange for something to be done.

128. come by (phr-V)

to make a short visit to a place on your way to somewhere else.

129. responsibility (noun)

a duty to be in charge of someone or something, so that you make decisions

and can be blamed if something bad happens.

130. downturn (noun)

a period or process in which business activity, production etc is reduced and

conditions become worse [≠ upturn].

131. underprivileged (adj)

very poor, with worse living conditions, educational opportunities etc than

most people in society.

132. adult (noun)

a fully-grown person, or one who is considered to be legally responsible for

their actions.

133. component (noun)

one of several parts that together make up a whole machine, system etc [=

constituent].

134. attorney (noun)

lawyer: a qualified lawyer, especially one who represents clients in court

proceedings.

135. warn (somebody)

against something [phr-V] to advise someone not to do something because it

may have dangerous or unpleasant results.

136. warn (somebody)

against doing something.

137. witness (noun)

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someone who sees a crime or an accident and can describe what happened.

138. influence (noun)

the effect of something on a person, thing, or event.

139. influence (verb)

affect something: to have the power to affect something.

140. incident (noun)

event: something that happens, especially a single event.

141. incidence (noun)

rate of occurrence of sth: the frequency with which something occurs

142. incidental (adj)

happening or existing in connection with something else that is more important.

143. repercussion (noun)

result of action: something, especially an unforeseen problem, that results from

an action (often used in the plural).

144. represent (verb)

act or speak for another: to act or speak on behalf of somebody or something.

145. representative (adj)

typical of a particular group or thing.

146. plot (noun)

story line: the story or sequence of events in sth such as a novel, play, or movie.

147. conflict (noun)

a state of disagreement or argument between people, groups, countries etc.

148. convince (verb)

persuade so to do sth: to persuade somebody to believe or do something.

149. stare (verb)

to look at something or someone for a long time without moving your eyes, for

example because you are surprised, angry, or bored.

150. efficient (adj)

doing something well and thoroughly with no waste of time, money, or energy.

151. influential (adj)

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having a lot of influence and therefore changing the way people think and

behave.

152. simplistic (adj)

treating difficult subjects in a way that is too simple.

153. intent (adj)

showing strong interest and attention.

154. optimistic (adj)

with positive attitude: tending to take a hopeful and positive view of future

outcomes [≠ pessimistic].

155. significant (adj)

having an important effect or influence, especially on what will happen in the

future [≠ insignificant].

156. donation (noun)

a gift/contribution, that you give to a person or an organization in order to help

them.

157. courier (noun)

a person or company that is paid to take packages somewhere

158. feature (verb)

to include a particular person or thing as a special feature.

159. intern (noun)

trainee, especially a student, who works for a short time in a particular job in

order to gain experience [↪ internship].

160. invention (noun)

the act of inventing something.

161. converter (noun) technology

a device that converts something, e.g. an electrical device that converts

alternating current into direct current.

162. breakthrough (noun)

important discovery: an important new discovery, especially in science,

medicine, or technology, that has a dramatic and far-reaching effect.

163. monument (noun)

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a building, statue, or other large structure that is built to remind people of an

important event or famous person [↪ memorial].

164. individual (noun)

a person, considered separately from the rest of the group or society that they

live in.

165. trail (noun)

a rough path across countryside or through a forest.

166. during (prep)

from the beginning to the end of a period of time.

167. deal (noun)

business transaction, usually one that benefits all the parties involved.

168. due to (prep)

because of something.

169. generator (noun)

a machine or company that produces electricity.

170. bracket (noun)

a piece of metal, wood, or plastic, often in the shape of the letter L, fixed to a

wall to support something such as a shelf.

171. specifications (noun)

detailed description: a detailed description, especially one providing

information needed to make, build, or produce something (usually used in the

plural).

172. inform (verb)

to officially tell someone about something or give them information.

173. manual (noun)

a book that gives instructions about how to do something, especially how to

use a machine.

174. vital (adj)

extremely important and necessary for sth to succeed or exist [= crucial].

175. due to do something

expected to happen or arrive at a particular time .

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176. vessel (noun)

a ship or large boat.

177. consignment (noun)

a quantity of goods that are sent somewhere, especially in order to be sold.

178. expenses (noun)

money that you spend on things such as travel and food while you are doing

your job, and which your employer then pays to you.

179. audit (noun)

an official examination of a company's financial records in order to check that

they are correct.

180. accommodation (noun)

a place for someone to stay, live, or work.

181. specific (adj)

detailed and exact.

182. indicate (verb)

to show that a particular situation exists, or that something is likely to be true.

183. consume (verb)

to use time, energy, goods etc [↪ consumption].

184. refund (noun)

returned money: an amount of money that is given back to you if you are not

satisfied with the goods or services that you have paid for.

185. withdraw (verb)

not take part: to stop taking part in an activity, belonging to an organization

etc, or to make someone do this [withdrawal].

186. regardless (adv)

without being affected or influenced by something.

187. passage (noun)

a short part of a book, poem, speech, piece of music etc.

188. pick out (phr-V)

choose: to choose someone or something from a group.

189. fitness (noun)

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the state of being physically fit.

190. pass (noun)

a document that entitles the holder to do something such as enter a place.

191. issue (verb)

to supply or distribute something officially.

192. advise (verb)

inform somebody: to tell somebody about something.

193. remittance (noun)

act of paying: the sending of money to pay for merchandise or services.

194. commitment (noun)

a promise to do something or to behave in a particular way.

195. letterhead (noun)

American English paper that has the name and address of a person or business

printed at the top of it.

196. barcode (noun)

a group of thin and thick lines printed on products you buy in a shop, and which

a computer can read. It contains information such as the price.

197. PIN (noun) [abbrviated]

PIN number Personal Identification Number.

198. guardian (noun)

person who is legally responsible for looking after someone else's child,

especially after the child's parents have died.

199. generous (adj)

willing to give money, time etc, in order to help people or give them pleasure

[≠ mean].

200. donation (noun)

a gift or contribution, especially a sum of money given to a charity; something,

especially money, that you give to a person or an organization in order to help

them.

201. the rest (noun)

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what is left after everything or everyone else has gone, been used, dealt with,

or mentioned [↪ remainder, leftovers].

202. relaxation (noun)

a form of activity that provides a change and relief from effort, work, or

tension, and gives pleasure.

203. agenda (noun)

a list of the subjects to be discussed at a meeting.

204. feature (verb)

to include or show something as a special or important part of something.

205. echo (verb)

literary to repeat what someone else has just said.

206. revise (verb) British English

to study facts again, in order to learn them before an examination [= review,

study American English.

207. cast (verb)

light & shade: to make light or a shadow appear somewhere.

208. overpass (noun)

a road, or a bridge or passage, that crosses over another route.

209. guardrail (noun)

a rail acting as a safety barrier at the side of a road, freeway, highway, or ship's

deck.

210. feed (verb)

to give food to a person or animal.

211. withdraw (verb)

to take money out of a bank account.

212. counter (noun)

the place where you pay or are served in a shop, bank, restaurant etc.

213. rug (noun)

a piece of thick cloth or wool that covers part of a floor, used for warmth or as

a decoration [↪ mat, carpet].

214. tent (noun)

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a shelter consisting of a sheet of cloth supported by poles and ropes, used

especially for camping.

215. sled (noun)

a small vehicle for sliding over snow, often used by children or in some sports

[↪ sleigh].

216. skyscraper (noun)

a very tall modern city building.

217. tower (verb)

above/over: to be much taller than the people or things around you.

218. go ahead (phr-V)

express welcome: used to indicate that somebody is welcome to do something.

219. depart (verb)

set off: to leave, especially at the beginning of a journey.

220. hand in (phr-V)

to give or submit something to someone in authority.

221. venue (noun)

place where event is held: a place where an event such as a sports competition

or a concert is held, especially one where such events are often held.

222. stop (noun)

bus/train: a place where a bus or train regularly stops for people to get on and

off.

223. worn out (adj)

too old or damaged to be used.

224. latest (adj)

the most recent or the newest.

225. banquet (noun)

a formal dinner for many people on an important occasion.

226. Human Resource (noun) HR

the department in a company that deals with employing, training, and helping

people.

227. drastically (adv)

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in a drastic manner.

228. drastic (adj)

having a powerful effect.

229. favor (noun)

support/approval : support, approval, or agreement for sth… such as a plan,

idea, or system.

230. disagreement (noun)

a situation in which people express different opinions about something and

sometimes argue [≠ agreement].

231. spot (noun)

to see or detect somebody or something suddenly.

232. turnover (noun)

the rate at which people leave an organization and are replaced by others.

233. pushy (adj)

unpleasantly competitive or forceful: excessively aggressive or forceful in

competing or dealing with others.

234. handle (verb)

to deal with or cope with somebody or something.

235. jump on (phr-V)

to criticize or punish someone, especially unfairly.

236. even though

used to emphasize that something is true although something else has happened

or is true.

237. receipt (noun)

a piece of paper that you are given which shows that you have paid for

something.

238. route (noun)

a way from one place to another.

239. a bit (adv)

a small amount of a substance or of something that is not a physical object [=

a little].

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240. fantastic (adj)

used when someone has just told you something good [= excellent, wonderful].

241. talk (noun)

a speech or lecture on a particular subject.

242. overview (noun)

summary: a brief summary of something.

243. address (verb)

to say something to somebody, or make a speech to an audience.

244. demonstration (noun)

an act of explaining and showing how to do something or how something

works.

245. closure (noun)

permanent end of business: the permanent ending of a business or activity.

246. bankrupt (noun)

somebody who cannot pay debts: somebody who is unable to pay his or her

debts.

247. debt (noun)

a sum of money that a person or organization owes.

248. failure (noun)

a lack of success in achieving or doing something [≠ success].

249. immigration (noun)

the process of entering another country in order to live there permanently [↪

emigration].

250. senior (noun)

person of great age: somebody who is older than somebody else [↪ junior].

251. discount (noun)

reduction in price: a reduction in the usual price of something.

252. deal (noun)

an agreement, arrangement, or transaction, usually one that benefits all the

parties involved.

253. upgrade (noun)

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improvement of something: an improvement in the quality or performance of

something such as computer hardware or software.

254. complimentary (adj)

given free to people.

255. explore (verb)

to travel around an area in order to find out about it.

256. cater (verb)

to provide what is wanted or needed in a particular situation or by a particular

group of people.

257. taste (noun)

the kind of things that someone likes.

258. venture (noun)

a business enterprise that involves risk, but could lead to profit.

259. capitalist (noun)

an investor of money in business for profit.

260. earnings (noun)

the profit that a company or country makes.

261. enable (verb)

to make it possible for someone to do something, or for something to happen.

262. make up for (phr-V)

to make a bad situation better, or replace something that has been lost.

263. boast (verb)

to talk too proudly about your abilities, achievements, or possessions.

264. spacious (adj)

roomy: containing ample space.

265. bay window (noun)

a window that sticks out from the wall of a house, usually with glass on three

sides.

266. flooring (noun)

any material that is used to make or cover floors.

267. renovate (verb)

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make something new again.

268. adult (noun)

a fully-grown person, or one who is considered to be legally responsible for

their actions.

269. runner up (noun)

the person or team that comes second in a race or competition.

270. coach (verb)

to teach a person or team the skills they need for a sport [= train; ↪ coaching].

271. outlook (noun)

what is expected to happen in the future.

272. expect (verb)

to think that something will happen because it seems likely or has been

planned.

273. interval (noun)

intervening period of time: a period of time between one event and the next.

274. up-to-the-minute (adj)

most recent: including or relating to the most recent events or things including

all the latest information.

275. latest (adj)

the most recent or the newest.

276. compact (adj)

small, but arranged so that everything fits neatly into the space available.

277. gesture (noun)

an action intended to communicate feelings or intentions.

278. fit into (phr-V)

to be part of a group or system.

279. recall (verb)

to remember a particular fact, event, or situation from the past.

280. contemplate (verb)

to think about something seriously for a period of time [= consider].

281. indicate (verb)

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to show that a particular situation exists, or that something is likely to be true.

282. appreciate (verb)

to understand how good or useful someone or something is.

283. be/get used to (doing)

something: to have experienced something so that it no longer seems

surprising, difficult, strange etc.

284. deserve (verb)

to have earned something by good or bad actions or behavior.

285. reserve (verb)

to arrange for a place in a hotel, restaurant, plane etc to be kept for you to use

at a particular time in the future [↪ book].

286. familiarize (verb)

yourself/somebody with something: to learn about something so that you

understand it, or to teach someone else about something so that they understand

it.

287. set up (phr-V)

to make the arrangements that are necessary for something to happen.

288. call up (phr-V) American English

to telephone someone.

289. fill out (phr-V)

to write all the necessary information on an official document, form etc.

290. fall through (phr-V)

not to be completed successfully, or not happen:

291. back up (phr-V)

to provide support or help for someone or something.

292. go over (phr-V)

to examine or check something carefully.

293. take over (phr-V)

to take control of something [↪ takeover].

294. buy out (phr-V)

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to buy someone's share of a business or property that you previously owned

together, so that you have complete control [↪buyout].

295. phase out (phr-V)

to stop using something gradually in stages over a period of time.

296. fall behind (phr-V)

to fail to keep up with somebody or something.

297. back out (phr-V)

to decide not to do something that you had promised to do.

298. back out of (phr-V)

to decide that you are no longer going to take part in something that has been

agreed.

299. look into (phr-V)

to try to find out the truth about a problem, crime etc [= investigate].

300. fill in for (phr-V)

do somebody's job: to do someone's job because they are not there.

301. go through (phr-V)

to experience a difficult or unpleasant situation, feeling etc.

302. shut off (phr-V)

to stop operating, or cause something to stop operating.

303. run out of (phr-V)

to use up or finish a supply of something.

304. think over (phr-V)

to consider something carefully before making a decision.

305. look out (phr-V)

be careful: to be careful to avoid danger.

306. takeover (noun)

an assumption of control: of a corporation achieved by buying a majority of its

shares.

307. proposal (noun)

a plan or suggestion which is made formally to an official person or group, or

the act of making it [↪ propose].

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308. count on (phr-V)

to depend on someone or something, especially in a difficult situation.

309. entrée (noun)

the main dish of a meal, or a dish served before the main course - used in

restaurants or on formal occasions.

310. regret (verb)

to feel sorry about something you have done and wish you had not done it.

311. bring up (phr-V)

to look after and influence a child until he or she is grown up [= raise].

312. amongst (prep)

in or through the middle of a group of people or things.

313. stem from (phr-V)

to develop as a result of something else.

314. leave out (phr-V)

to not include or mention somebody/something in something.

315. start up (phr-V)

to begin to operate, or make something begin to operate.

316. talk over (phr-V)

to discuss something at length or thoroughly.

317. assume (verb)

to start being responsible for something.

318. take over (phr-V)

to take control of something [↪ takeover].

319. take in (phr-V)

to understand and remember facts & information.

320. take up (phr-V)

to learn/start doing a particular activity or work.

321. take out (phr-V)

to remove something from a bag, box, your pocket.

322. take back (phr-V)

to admit that you were wrong to say something.

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323. look up to (phr-V)

to admire or respect someone a lot because they are older than you and have a

lot of experience or knowledge.

324. look back on (phr-V)

to think about or remember something that happened in the past.

325. triumph (noun)

an act or occasion of winning, being victorious, or overcoming something.

326. courage (noun)

the quality of being brave when you are in danger, in pain, in a difficult

situation etc [↪ bravery; ≠ cowardice].

327. spirit (noun)

character: the qualities that make someone live the way they do, and make them

different from other people.

328. attempt (noun)

an act of trying to do something, especially something difficult.

329. grueling (adj)

extremely arduous or exhausting; very difficult and tiring.

330. linger on (verb)

to stay somewhere a little longer, especially because you do not want to leave.

331. briefly (adv)

for a short time.

332. quickly (adv)

fast: [= soon].

333. endurance (noun)

the ability to continue doing sth difficult or painful over a long period of time.

334. archive (noun)

a collection of documents: such as letters, official papers, photographs, or

recorded material, kept for their historical interest.

335. release (n &v)

to let news or official information be known and printed [= publish].

336. respected (adj)

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admired by many people because of your good work or achievements.

337. screen shot (noun)

image of what appears on a screen, especially for the purposes of demonstrating

a program.

338. catalog (noun)

list of goods for sale.

339. dealer (noun)

someone who buys and sells a particular product, especially an expensive one.

340. by far

(used with comparative or superlative adjectives or adverbs) by a great amount.

341. proven (adj)

tested and shown to be true or good, or shown to exist.

342. durability (noun)

lasting for a long time, especially without sustaining damage or wear.

343. package (noun)

a set of ideas or services that are suggested or offered all together as a group.

344. launch (noun)

the start of something, especially a carefully planned activity.

345. invaluable (adj)

extremely useful or valuable.

346. input (noun)

a contribution (ideas, advice, money, or effort that you put into a job or activity

in order to help it succeed) to something.

347. finalize (verb)

to complete sth: such as an agreement, sale, or other transaction.

348. motivated (adj)

very keen to do sth or achieve sth, especially because you find it interesting or

exciting.

349. enthusiastic (adj)

showing excited interest: showing passionate interest in something.

350. innovative (adj)

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new and creative, especially in the way that something is done.

351. conservative (adj)

not very modern in style, taste [= traditional].

352. debut (verb)

to introduce a product to the public for the first time [↪ release; = launch].

353. trend (noun)

a general tendency in the way a situation is changing or developing.

354. unique (adj)

only one: being the only one of a kind.

355. consistent (adj)

continuing to happen or develop in the same way.

356. context (noun)

the words that come just before and after a word or sentence and that help you

understand its meaning.

357. advise (verb)

inform somebody: to tell somebody about something.

358. constitute (verb)

be something: to be, amount to, or have the status of a particular thing.

359. signify (verb)

mean something: to have something as a particular meaning.

360. handle (verb)

to deal with or cope with somebody or something.

361. unattended (adj)

with no one there: with no one present to listen, watch, or participate.

362. withdrawal (noun)

the act or condition of taking sth away or no longer taking part in something.

363. policy (noun)

a way of doing something that has been officially agreed and chosen by a

political party, business, or other organization.

364. remittance (noun)

act of paying the sending of money to pay for merchandise or services.

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365. alumni (plr-N)

a male graduate or former student of a school, college, or university.

366. upcoming (adj)

forthcoming: about to happen or coming soon.

367. anticipate (verb)

expect sth; look forward to sth.

368. launch (noun)

start of activity: the start of something , especially a carefully planned activity

such as a military offensive, an investigation, or a campaign.

369. await (verb)

wait for sth: to wait for, expect, or look for somebody or something.

370. garbage (noun)

discarded waste: discarded food waste or any other unwanted or useless

material.

371. transparent (adj)

easily seen through: allowing light to pass through with little or no interruption

so that objects on the other side can be clearly seen.

372. receptacle (noun)

container: a container that holds, contains, or receives a liquid or solid.

373. reinforce (verb)

strengthen sth.

374. separate (verb)

move/keep sth apart.

375. cardiovascular (adj)

relating to both heart and blood vessels.

376. comprehensive (adj)

inclusive: covering many things or a wide area.

377. martial art (noun)

combat technique: a system of combat and self-defense, e.g. judo or karate,

developed especially in Japan and Korea and now usually practiced as a sport.

378. aquatics (noun)

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water sports: played in or on water.

379. locker (noun)

lockable compartment: a small lockable cupboard or compartment where

personal belongings can be left, e.g. at a swimming pool, gym, school, or

workplace.

380. impact (noun)

strong effect.

381. entail (verb)

to involve or result in something inevitably.

382. suit (noun)

clothes: a set of clothes made of the same material, usually including a jacket

with trousers or a skirt.

383. bake (verb)

cook food in oven: to cook food in an oven by dry heat, or be cooked in this

way.

384. oven (noun)

a piece of equipment that food is cooked inside, shaped like a box with a door

on the front [↪ cooker, stove].

385. drill (noun)

a tool or machine used for making holes in something.

(verb) - to make a hole in something using a drill.

386. hike (noun)

a long walk in the mountains or countryside.

(verb) - to take a long walk in the mountains or countryside.

387. mend (verb) British English

to repair something that is broken or not working [= fix].

388. backpack (noun)

a bag used for carrying things on your back, especially by people on long walks

[=rucksack].

389. shelter (noun)

a place to live, considered as one of the basic needs of life.

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390. shelter (from something)

protection from rain, danger or attack.

to take shelter from the storm.

391. crowded (adj)

too full of people or things.

392. popular (adj)

well-liked or enjoyed by a large number of people.

393. yard (noun)

the area around a house, usually covered with grass [= garden British English].

394. chef (noun)

a skilled cook, especially the main cook in a hotel or restaurant.

395. grill (noun & verb) British English

a part of a cooker in which strong heat from above cooks food on a metal shelf

below [= broiler American English].

396. log (noun)

a thick piece of wood from a tree.

397. stack (verb)

to put things one on top of another to form a pile, or be arranged in this way.

398. forest (noun)

a large area of land that is covered with trees [↪ wood].

399. valley (noun)

an area of lower land between two lines of hills or mountains, usually with a

river flowing through it.

400. fire-truck (noun) American English

fire engine British English: a special large vehicle that carries equipment and

the people that stop fires burning.

401. figurine (noun)

a small model of a person or animal used as a decoration.

402. hang (verb)

to suspend or fasten something so that it is held up from above and not

supported from below, or be suspended or fastened in this way.

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403. backpack (noun)

a bag used for carrying things on your back, especially by people on long walks

[=rucksack].

404. involve (verb)

to contain or include something as a necessary element.

405. drop sb/sth off (phr-V)

to take s.o or sth to a place by car and leave them there on your way to another

place.

406. polite (adj)

having or showing good manners and respect for the feelings of others.

407. stare (verb)

to look at something or someone for a long time without moving your eyes, for

example because you are surprised, angry, or bored.

408. as usual

in the way that happens or exists most of the time:

409. entrance (noun)

way in: a door or gate through which people enter.

410. boardroom (noun)

a room where the directors of a company have meetings.

411. run out (phr-V)

to use up or finish a supply of something.

412. clue (noun)

information that helps you understand the reasons why something happens.

413. occupation (noun)

the job by which somebody earns a living.

414. rail (noun)

a narrow steel bar, or a series of connected bars laid in two parallel lines,

supporting and guiding the wheels of railroad locomotives and cars or anything

similar.

415. track (noun)

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a rail or pair of parallel rails on which a vehicle, especially a train, runs, along

with supporting structures.

416. license (noun)

permit: a printed document that gives official permission to a person or group

to own something or do something.

417. fan (verb)

an enthusiastic admirer of a celebrity or public performer.

418. vacancy (noun)

a room in a hotel or building that is not being used and is available for someone

to stay in.

419. bride (noun)

woman at her wedding: a woman who is about to marry or who has just

married.

420. bridegroom (noun)

man at his wedding: a man who is about to marry or who has just married.

421. deposit (noun)

to pay money into an account in a bank or other financial institution.

422. pour (verb)

to rain heavily without stopping:

423. desperate (adj)

willing to do anything to change a very bad situation, and not caring about

danger.

424. fascinating (adj)

extremely interesting:

425. turn out (phr-V)

to happen in a particular way, or to have a particular result, especially one that

you did not expect.

426. disappointing (adj)

not as good as you hoped or expected.

427. misunderstand (verb)

to fail to understand someone or something correctly.

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428. special (noun)

a lower price than usual for a particular product for a short period of time.

429. carnival (noun)

a public event at which people play music, wear special clothes, and dance in

the streets.

430. concern (noun)

worry: a feeling of worry about something important.

431. assignment (noun)

a task that is assigned or undertaken.

432. quantity (noun)

an amount of something that can be counted or measured.

433. statements

a sentence which gives information. If you make a statement, you usually give

the sentence a subject, and this must go in front of the verb.

434. convention (noun)

a large formal meeting for people who belong to the same profession or

organization or who have the same interests.

435. qualification (noun)

if you have a qualification, you have passed an examination or course to show

you have a particular level of skill or knowledge in a subject.

436. seminar (noun)

a class on a particular subject, usually given as a form of training.

437. transit (noun)

the process of moving goods or people from one place to another.

438. damage (noun)

physical harm caused to something which makes it less attractive, useful or

valuable.

439. estimate (verb)

calculate sth roughly: to make an approximate calculation of something.

440. expertise (noun & verb)

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special skills or knowledge in a particular subject, that you learn by experience

or training.

441. extend (verb)

to affect or include people, things, or places.

442. graduate (noun)

someone who has completed a university degree, especially a first degree [↪

undergraduate].

443. keen (adj)

enthusiastic: eager and willing to do something.

444. ado (noun)

without more/further ado: without delaying or wasting any time.

445. spectator (noun)

someone who is watching an event or game [↪ audience].

446. get down (phr-V) to sth:

to start doing something that is difficult or needs a lot of time or energy.

447. marina (noun)

harbor for pleasure boats.

448. knot –tying

making knot: to tie something in a knot, or be tied with a knot.

449. tall ship (noun)

a type of ship with square sails and very tall masts, used especially in the past.

450. artifact (noun)

artefact: an object such as a tool, weapon etc that was made in the past and is

historically important.

451. salvage (verb)

save sth for further use: save to save used, damaged, or rejected goods for

recycling or further use.

452. clash (noun)

conflict caused by difference: a difference of opinions or qualities that causes

conflict.

453. plenary (adj)

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involving all the members of a committee, organization etc.

454. swap (noun)

a situation in which you give something to someone and get another thing in

return [= exchange].

455. volunteer (noun)

somebody who does something voluntarily, especially something undesirable.

456. romance (noun)

a story about the love between two people.

457. comedy (noun)

a play, film, or television programme that is intended to make people laugh.

458. mystery (noun)

murder mystery: a story, film, or play about a murder, in which you are not

told who the murderer is until the end.

459. drama (noun)

a play for the theatre, television, radio etc, usually a serious one, or plays in

general [↪ comedy].

460. feature (verb)

contain sth as important element: to include or show something as a special or

important part of something, or to be included as an important part.

461. reserve (verb)

to ask for a seat, table, room, etc. to be available for you or somebody else at a

future time.

462. decorate (verb)

to make something look more attractive by putting something pretty on it.

463. academic (adj)

relating to education, especially at college or university level.

464. background (noun)

the personal circumstances and experiences that shape somebody's life;

someone's family, education, previous work etc.

465. waterproof (adj)

not allowing water to enter.

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466. adjust (verb)

to change or move something slightly to improve it or make it more suitable

for a particular purpose.

467. criticize (verb)

to express disapproval of or dissatisfaction with somebody or something.

468. simplify (verb)

to make something less complicated or easier to understand.

469. activate (verb)

to make something active or operational, or become active or operational.

470. security (noun)

safety: protection against attack from without or subversion from within.

471. realize (verb)

to be aware or conscious of something, or to become aware of something.

472. identify (verb)

to recognize sb or sth and to be able to say who or what he, she, or it is.

473. elevate (verb)

to raise something up: to raise something a higher level or position.

474. repetitive (adj)

saying or doing the same thing many times, so that it becomes boring,repeated

many times :repetitiveness (noun).

475. soften (verb)

to become soft or softer, or make something soft or softer.

476. impress (verb)

affect somebody greatly: have a strong, usually favorable effect on the mind or

feelings of somebody.

477. sculptor (noun)

a person who makes sculptures.

478. pedestal (noun)

the base that a column, statue, etc. rests on.

479. assembly line (noun) (also production line)

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a line of workers and machines in a factory, along which a product passes,

having parts made, put together or checked at each stage until the product is

finished.

480. discomfort (noun)

something that makes you feel uncomfortable or causes you a slight feeling of

pain.

481. discontinue (verb)

stop doing sth: to come to an end after happening regularly, or end something

that has been happening regularly.

482. unfasten (verb)

seperate part of sth: to undo or open something by moving or loosening things

that are holding it together, e.g. the buttons of a garment, or be undone or

opened in this way.

483. non-fiction (adj)

factual: books, articles or texts about real facts, people and events.

484. submarine (noun)

a ship, especially a military one, that can stay under water.

485. sub-section (noun)

a part of a section, especially in a legal document.

486. overpriced (adj)

something that is overpriced is more expensive than it should be.

487. mislead (verb) misled

to make someone believe something that is not true by giving them information

that is false or not complete.

488. bid (noun)

an offer to pay a particular price for something, especially at an auction.

489. mishear (verb) past & participle past: misheard

to not hear properly what someone says, so that you think they said something

different.

490. unwrap (verb)

to remove the paper, plastic etc that is around something.

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491. fragile (adj)

easily broken or damaged [= delicate; ≠ strong].

492. overpaid (adj)

given more money for a job than you deserve [≠ underpaid].

493. non-refundable (adj)

a non-refundable amount of money cannot be paid back to you.

494. intercom (noun)

a communication system by which people in different parts of a building,

aircraft etc can speak to each other.

495. rival (noun)

a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport, business, a

fight etc [= competitor].

496. interface (noun)

the way in which you see the information from a computer program on a screen,

or how you type information into the program [↪ GUI].

497. circumscribe (verb)

to limit power, rights, or abilities [= restrict].

498. dismantle (verb)

to take a machine or piece of equipment apart so that it is in separate pieces.

499. mishandle (verb)

to deal with a situation badly, because of a lack of skill or care.

500. conglomerate (noun)

a large business organization consisting of several different companies that

have joined together.

501. subsidiary (noun)

a company that is owned or controlled by another larger company.

502. girder (noun)

a strong beam, made of iron or steel, that supports a floor, roof, or bridge.

503. beam (noun)

a long heavy piece of wood or metal used in building houses, bridges etc.

504. astute (adj)

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able to understand situations or behaviour very well and very quickly,

especially so that you can get an advantage for yourself [= clever].

505. interjection (noun)

an interruption or the act of interrupting.

506. prescription (noun)

a piece of paper on which a doctor writes what medicine a sick person should

have, so that they can get it from a pharmacist [↪ prescribe].

507. subscription (noun)

an amount of money you pay, usually once a year, to receive copies of a

newspaper or magazine, or receive a service, or the act of paying money for

this.

508. statutory (adj)

fixed or controlled by law.

509. uncompromising (adj)

unwilling to change your opinions or intentions.

510. overstock (verb)

to obtain more of something than is needed.

511. paragliding (noun)

sport of gliding with parachute.

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