Post on 23-Mar-2023
National Engineering Services Pakistan (Pvt) Limited
NESPAK in the Field of Low Cost Housing
An Introductory Presentation
2
1. NESPAK – Introduction and Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04
2. NESPAK in the Field of Low Cost Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3. Re-construction in the Earthquake Affected Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4. Housing for ERRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Sequence of Presentation
3
Develop Indigenous Human Resources and
Minimize Dependence on Foreign Consultants
Create Employment Opportunities for Professionals
Established in 1973
Achieve Self Reliance in Engineering Consultancy
Objectives
5
History
NESPAK was established in March 1973 as a
private limited company owned by the
Government of Pakistan.
Sheikh Irshad Ahmad who worked in WAPDA as
General Manager Design was the first Managing
Director. Most of the professionals at the initial
stage were from WAPDA on deputation and from
the private sector.
The first project handled by NESPAK was the
Left Bank Irrigation Tunnel at Tarbela Dam.
6
Human Resources
Professionals 1188
Para Professionals 799
Support Staff 536
Sub-Total 2533(Regular & Contract)
Temporary Employees 78(on work charge basis)
Directly Hired Staff 80(through overseas offices)
Associated Companies Staff 1466
Total 4147
AS ON MARCH 01, 2021
7
PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIVISIONS
SPECIALITY DIVISIONS
Power & Mechanical
Water & Agriculture
Highways & Transportation
Architecture & Planning
Construction Management
Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental
Disaster Management &Reconstruction
Monitoring & Quality Control
Structural Engineering
Economic Studies
Contracts
Human Resources
Finance
Business Development
The Organization
HEAD OFFICE LAHORE
REGIONALOFFICES
FOREIGN OFFICES
KARACHI
ISLAMABAD
PESHAWAR
QUETTA
PRESIDENT & MANAGING DIRECTOR
Environmental & Public Health
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD / SECRETARYMinistry of Energy, Power Division
Coordination
Building Services
Overseas
OMAN
QATAR
AFGHANISTAN
SAUDI ARABIA
8
NESPAK Services
Prefeasibility & Feasibility Studies
Survey & Ground Investigations
Planning & Design
Tender & Contract Documents
Construction Supervision & Contract Management
Post-construction Services
Specialized Services
9
Sectoral Expertise
Energy (Thermal, Hydel, Solar, Wind etc.)
Water Resources Development
Communications (Highways, Bridges, Tunnels, Airports, Seaports)
Architecture and Planning
Public Health Engineering
Environment
Agriculture
Engineering for Industry
Oil & Gas
Earthquake Reconstruction
Information Technology
Geographical Information Systems
10
Research & Development at NESPAK
❑ Developing Comprehensive Databases, Standard Design
Procedures, Manuals, Specifications, Work Instructions and
Documents for various Working Disciplines
❑ Introducing State-of-the-art Analysis Tools for Provision of
Modern and Efficient Engineering Services for our Clients
❑ Study & Documentation of Failures
❑ Writing Technical/ Research Papers
❑ Collaborative Research with other Organizations
❑ Providing R&D Services to the Clients
11
NESPAK is certified to three Management Systems
ISO Certified Management System
Health & Safety Management System
OHSAS 18001: 2007 (since 2018)
Environmental Management System
ISO 14001:2015 (since 2018)
Quality Management System
ISO 9001: 2015 (since 1998)
12
ARCHITECTURE, MASTER PLANNING & HOUSING
TOTAL PROJECTS AS ON MARCH 01, 2021 = 1084
ONGOING : 146 COMPLETED : 938
SPORTS COMPLEXES
INTERIOR DESIGN &
LANDSCAPING
HOSPITALS & MEDICAL
FACILITIES
EDUCATIONAL
BUILDINGS
HOUSING
COMMERCIAL/HIGHRISE
BUILDINGS
AREA DEVELOPMENT
SLUM UPGRADATION &
KATCHI ABADIS
HOTELS &
TOURIST RESORTS
MASTER
PLANNING
MOSQUES & DARGHAS
MUSEUMS & AUDITORIUMS
40
116
370
11
141
188
1415
48
2686 20
9
PARKING AREAS
13
NESPAK in the Field of Planning and Low Cost Housing
• NESPAK has accomplished a large portfolio in the field of
Planning & Designing of Housing Projects.
• Over the past years, we have been at the forefront of the
Planning and Area Development Projects at the regional
and national level.
• Being the largest Engineering Consultancy in Pakistan,
NESPAK has proven to be a trusted partner to a number
of Government Departments for carrying out large scale
projects in the field of Affordable Housing.
• The success of our designs has been resulted by achieving
optimized land utilization and using the appropriate
building materials and construction technology.
Areas of Expertise
Our areas of expertise include:
• Urban Planning
• Area Development / Housing Schemes
• Public Sector Housing
o Housing for Industrial Workers
o Housing for Government Employees
15
Major Clients & Projects in the Field of Planning & Low Cost Housing
Projects for Pakistan Housing Authority (PHA)
- Labour Colony - Defence Road, Lahore
- Sher-e-Bengal Labour Colony - Sheikhupura
- Labour Colony - Mian Channu
- Labour Colony – Rahimyar Khan
Projects for Punjab Workers Welfare Board (PWWB)
- Apartments - Worker’s Welfare Fund, Texila
- Apartments - Worker’s Welfare Fund, G-11,
Islamabad
Projects for Worker’s Welfare Fund (WWF)
- Apartments - Wheatman Road, Lahore
- Apartments - Nisar Town, Raiwind Road, Lahore
- Apartments - Baqar Town, Lahore
- Apartments at Gulistan-e-Johar, Karachi
- Apartments at Landhi, Karachi
- Apartments at G-9, Islamabad
- Apartments at Karsaz, Karachi
Projects for Pakistan NAVY
- Housing Scheme at Mohlanwal, Lahore
- Housing Scheme at Satiana Road, Faisalabad
- Housing Scheme at Aimenabad Road, Sialkot
- Housing Scheme at Dera Ghazi Khan
- Housing Scheme at Bhawalpur
- Housing Scheme at Multan
Projects for Punjab Government Servants Housing
Foundation (PGSHF)
17
Projects for Pakistan Housing Authority (PHA)
Projects for Pakistan Housing Authority (PHA)
- Apartments - Wheatman Road, Lahore
- Apartments - Nisar Town, Raiwind Road, Lahore
- Apartments - Baqar Town, Lahore
- Apartments at Gulistan-e-Johar, Karachi
- Apartments at Landhi, Karachi
- Apartments at G-9, Islamabad
NESPAK SERVICES
- Project Programming and Planning
- Site Identification and Selection
- Detailed Architectural & Engineering Design
- Prequalification of Contractors
- Surveys and Geotechnical Investigations
- Resident Construction Supervision
19
Projects for PHA Pakistan Housing Authority:
Projects for PHA Pakistan Housing Authority:
- Apartments - Wheatman Road, Lahore
- Apartments - Nisar Town, Raiwind Road,
Lahore
- Apartments - Baqar Town, Lahore
- Apartments at Gulistan-e-Johar, Karachi
- Apartments at Landhi, Karachi
- Apartments at G-9, Islamabad
Apartments at Wheatman Road, Lahore
Apartments at Baqar Town, Lahore
Apartments at Nisar Town, Lahore20
Projects for Pakistan Housing Authority (PHA) in Lahore :
Wheatman Road:
Total Site Area 43 acres
No. of Apartment Units 334
Projects for Pakistan Housing Authority (PHA) in Lahore
Carson Grounds:
Total Site Area 5.7 acres
No. of Apartment Units 112
Nisar Town:
Total Site Area 208 acres
No. of Apartment Units 312
Baqar Town:
Total Site Area 147 acres
No. of Apartment Units 464
21
Labour Colony for Punjab Workers Welfare Board (PWWB) at Defence Road,
Lahore
PROJECT DATA
Master Plan Area 45 Acres
No. of Apartments 1296
Development Agency PWWB
Date of Completion 2012
Unit Size2 Room Accommodation
Covered Area 700 sft
Unit Cost Rs. 1,300,000/-
Project Cost Rs. 2,177 million
NESPAK SERVICES
- Architectural & Engineering Design
- Infrastructure Design
- Top Supervision
22
Labour Colony for Punjab Workers Welfare Board (PWWB) at Mian Channu
Master Plan
PROJECT DATA
Master Plan Area 10 Acres
Residential Units 169
Development Agency PWWB
Date of Completion 2005
Plot Size 5 marla (1125 sft)
Unit Size2 Room Accommodation
Covered Area 600 sft
Unit Cost Rs. 4,45,917/-
Project Cost Rs. 88.4 million 5 Marla House
NESPAK SERVICES
- Architectural & Engineering Design
- Infrastructure Design
- Resident Construction Supervision
23
Labour Colony for Punjab Workers Welfare Board (PWWB) at Sheikhupura
Master Plan
PROJECT DATA
Master Plan Area 100 Acres
Residential Units 1341
Development
AgencyPWWB
Plot Size 5 marla (1125 sft)
Date of Completion 2004
Unit Size2 Room Accommodation
Covered Area 650 sft
Unit Size2 Room Accommodation
Covered Area 600 sft
Project Cost 608.12 (Rs. Million)
5 Marla House
NESPAK SERVICES
- Resident Construction Supervision
24
Labour Colony for Punjab Workers Welfare Board (PWWB) at Rahimyar
Khan
Master Plan
PROJECT DATA
Master Plan Area 11.7 Acres
Residential Units 246
Development Agency PWWB
Plot Size 5 marla (1125 sft)
Date of Completion 2006
Unit Size2 Room Accommodation
Covered Area 556 sft
Unit Cost Rs. 3,17,000/-
Infra Structure Cost Rs. 12.48 million
Project Cost Rs. 77.98 million
NESPAK SERVICES
- Architectural & Engineering Design
- Infrastructure Design
- Resident Construction Supervision
5 Marla House
25
Construction of 1189 Apartments for Federal Government Employees
Housing Scheme at G-11/3 and G-11/4, Islamabad
PROJECT DATA
Apartments Units 1189
Development Agency
Federal Government
Employees Housing
Foundation
Date of Completion 2014
C Type Apartments 414 nos. (covered area
1100 sft)
D Type Apartments 320 nos. (covered area
900 sft)
E Type Apartments 456 nos. (covered area
700 sft)
Project Cost Rs. 2,000 million
NESPAK SERVICES
- Master Planning
- Topographic Survey & Geotechnical
Investigations
- Architectural & Engineering Design
- Infrastructure Design
- Fire Fighting & Computer Networking
Design
- Resident Construction Supervision
26
Master Planning, Design & Construction Supervision of Workers Complex at
Hattar Road Taxila, Pakistan
PROJECT DATA
Master Plan Area 30 Acres
Residential Units 169
Development Agency
Workers Welfare Fund
(WWF), Ministry
of Labour, Manpower &
Overseas Pakistanis,
Government of Pakistan
Date of Completion 2005
No of Apartments
Units
1700 nos. (covered area
765 sft)
Public Amenities
- Higher Secondary
School
for boys
- Primary School for girls
- 25 Bed Hospital
- Community Centre
- Mosque
- Shopping Centre.
Unit Cost Rs. 4,45,917/-
Project Cost Rs. 780 million
NESPAK SERVICES
- Master Planning
- Topographic Survey & Geotechnical
Investigations
- Architectural & Engineering Design
- Infrastructure Design
- Fire Fighting & Computer Networking
Design
- Resident Construction Supervision
27
Federal Government Employees Housing Scheme, Bhara Kahu, Islamabad
(Package-I)
PROJECT DATA
Master Plan Area 375 Acres
Development Agency
Federal Government
Employees Housing
Foundation, Islamabad
Date of Completion 2020
Project Cost Rs. 3,000 million
NESPAK SERVICES
- Vetting of Master Planning
- Vetting of Topographic Survey
- Vetting of Geotechnical Survey
- Vetting of detailed Infrastructure design
of project
includes Roads, sewerage system, Water
supply system, drainage system,
underground and overhead water
reservoirs
- Preparation of Contract Documents, BOQs
/
Engineer’s Estimates
- Detailed Construction Supervision
28
Client: Pak – Arab Refinery
Limited
Project Cost: Rs. 2000 million
NESPAK Services:
• Project Planning
• Detailed Design
• Tender Documents
• Construction Supervision
General Description:
PARCO Housing Colony developed by PARCO for
its employees and their families is located in
Mehmoodkot, District Multan. It is spread over
an area of 22 acres and comprises of 650
houses and apartments . Other buildings in the
colony is a School, Hospital, Shopping Mall, Club
House, for senior and junior staff , Rest Houses,
Mosque, Auditorium, Bachelor Mess Facilities
and Recreation Facilities.
The project started in the year 2003 and was
completed in year 2005
PARCO Housing Colony, Multan
29
• Optimizing the available space in Architectural Design, considering all the relevant
requirements for healthy living while minimizing circulation space.
•
• Careful preparation of building specifications, keeping the project cost within range and
by adopting effective construction systems.
• Achieving Energy Efficiency by devising creative design ideas in planning and design,
building orientation, built form, size and arrangement of openings & building materials
along with landscaping.
• Pre-Fabrication – for Structural Building Components such as Hollow Core Slabs, Pre-Fab
Beams and Columns, Wall Panels, Masonry Units
• Standardization of Finishing Materials and Building Components such as Doors, Windows,
Kitchen Cabinets, Wardrobes etc.
Affordable Low Cost Housing - Design Strategies, Building Materials &
Construction Techniques
Prefabrication – An innovative approach to Low Cost Housing
• Time and Cost Saving
• Faster Execution Time
• Enhancing quality of work
Affordable Housing - Design Strategies, Building Materials & Construction Techniques
• Increased Productivity
• Reduced in situ work at site
• Reliability for structural strength 31
DESCRIPTION STANDARD HOUSE LOW COST HOUSING UNIT
BED ROOMS (2 Nos.)
FLOOR Terrazzo P.C. C
WALLS/ CEILING Vinyl Emulsion over C/S Plaster White Wash over brick masonry
KITCHEN
FLOOR Ceramic Tiles P.C. C
WALLS/ CEILING Vinyl Emulsion over C/S Plaster White Wash over Brick Masonry
BATH ROOM
FLOOR Glazed Ceramic Tiles P.C. C
WALLS/ CEILING Glazed Ceramics Tiles dado White Wash over C.S Plaster
DOORS/ WINDOWS
DOORS Flush doors with MS Sheet jamb Frame Main Door – MS Sheet with angle iron
jamb frame
Inner Doors – Chipboard Shutter with
angle iron jamb frame
WINDOWS MS box section frame with Glazing Z- Sections with Glazing
INTERNAL FINISHES
Comparison of Finishes for Standard House viz a viz Low Cost Housing Unit
33
Structural System
Roof Pre Fabricated Girder & Slabs System
Pre Fabricated Hollow Core Slabs
Walls Pre Fabricated EPS Wall Panels
Inter-locked Concrete Masonry Units
Building Components
Doors Solid/Hollow Core Wooden Doors Shutters
Windows Sliding Windows (Anodized Aluminum Frame with
clear Glass)
Wardrobes Wood Laminate Sheet Panels
Kitchen Cabinets Wood Laminate Sheet Panels
Standardized Building System, Components & Finishes
Affordable Housing - Design Strategies, Building Materials & Construction Techniques
Doors Windows
Wardrobes
34
Standardized Building System, Components & Finishes
35
Affordable Housing - Design Strategies, Building Materials & Construction Techniques
Standardized Building System, Components & Finishes
36
Affordable Housing - Design Strategies, Building Materials & Construction Techniques
Standardized Building System, Components & Finishes
Affordable Housing - Design Strategies, Building Materials & Construction Techniques
37
Salient Design Features
• Modular Design in a Compact Arrangement
• Optimizing the Ratio of Built-up vs Open Areas
• Use of Pre-Fabricated Structural Members
• Use of Standardized Building Components
Conceptual Design for Affordable Housing – Apartment Buildings
Apartment Type-A (2 Bed Room Unit)
Area per Apartment 700 sftCirculation area 294 sft
Covered area per Floor 3,088 sft
Total covered Area 12,352 sft
Apartment Type-B (2 Bed Room Unit)
Area per Apartment 600 sftCirculation area 294 sft
Covered area per Floor 2,712 sft
Total covered Area 10,848 sft
Apartment Type-C (1 Bed Room Unit)
Area per Apartment 500 sftCirculation area 294 sft
Covered area per Floor 2,306 sft
Total covered Area 9,224 sft
3D View of the Apartment Blocks 39
Conceptual Design for Apartments Blocks
Design Alternates for the Proposed Standardized Apartments Blocks
40
Sr.
NoDESCRIPTION
APARTMENTS
1- Load Bearing Brick
Masonry Walls
2- RCC Slabs
1- Load Bearing Brick
Masonry Walls
2- Pre-Cast Hollow Core
Slabs
1- Frame Structure
2- Pre-Cast Wall Panels
3- Pre-Cast Hollow Core
Slabs
1- Frame Structure
2- Conc. Hollow Blocks
Walls
3- Pre-Cast Hollow Core
Slabs
Amount (Rs.) Amount (Rs.) Amount (Rs.) Amount (Rs.)
A. CIVIL WORKS
1 Earthwork 8,667 8,667 8,667 8,667
2R.C.C (Roof, Columns,
Beams, Wall Panel etc) 257,495 145,818 1,799,380 446,527
3 Brick / Block Work 293,719 397,729 13,995 375,175
4Roofing &
Waterproofing 19,817 19,817 19,817 19,817
5 Flooring / Skirting 109,376 109,375 92,626 92,626
6 Plaster Work 55,644 55,644 - 55,644
7 Door - - - -
8 - Shutter 82,103 82,103 87,804 82,103
9 - Jamb Frame 27,477 27,477 23,643 23,643
10 Paint Work 18,071 18,071 14,896 14,896
11 Window 29,376 29,376 38,189 38,189
12 Metal Work 13,703 13,703 13,703 13,703
Total: Civil Works1,320,190 907,780 2,112,718 1,170,989
B. PLUMBING WORKS170,478 108,240 108,240 108,240
C. ELECTRICAL WORKS184,1470 111,600 111,600 111,600
D. Sub-total: (A+B+C) 1,674,778 1,563,100 2,975,067 1,994,065
E. Covered Area 800 800 800 800
F. Cost Per sft2,093 1,954 3,719 2,493
G
Infrastructure Development
Cost (Per kanal)950,000 950,000 950,000 950,000
Comparative Statement of Cost - Standardized Apartments
Comparison of Construction Cost - Conventional vs Pre-Fabricated System
42
Sr.
NoDESCRIPTION
AFFORDABLE HOUSE
1- Load Bearing Brick
Masonry Walls
2- RCC Slabs
1- Load Bearing Brick
Masonry Walls
2- Pre-Cast Hollow Core
Slabs
1- Frame Structure
2- Pre-Cast Wall Panels
2- Pre-Cast Hollow Core
Slabs
1- Frame Structure
2- Conc. Hollow Blocks
Walls
3- Pre-Cast Hollow Core
Slabs
Amount (Rs.) Amount (Rs.) Amount (Rs.) Amount (Rs.)
A. CIVIL WORKS
1 Earthwork 30,875 30,875 30,402 30,875
2R.C.C (Roof, Columns,
Beams, Wall Panel etc) 328,287 195,557 2,154,672 542,051
3 Brick / Block Work 467,174 573,042 49,856 474,744
4Roofing &
Waterproofing 70,597 70,597 70,597 70,597
5 Flooring / Skirting 154,220 154,221 115,525 115,525
6 Plaster Work 63,073 63,073 - 63,073
7 Door - - - -
8 - Shutter 99,774 99,774 99,774 99,774
9 - Jamb Frame 28,227 28,227 28,227 28,227
10 Paint Work 17,399 17,399 17,399 17,399
11 Window 34,884 34,884 34,884 34,884
Total: Civil Works 1,423,961 1,394,413 2,646,003 1,624,863
B. PLUMBING WORKS 118,399 118,399 118,399 118,399
C. ELECTRICAL WORKS 145,778 145,778 145,778 145,778
D. Sub-total: (A+B+C) 1,688,137 1,658,589 2,910,179 1,889,039
E. Covered Area 950 950 950 950
F. Cost Per sft1,777 1,746 3,063 1,988
G
Infrastructure Development
Cost (Per kanal)950,000 950,000 950,000 950,000
Comparative Statement of Cost - Standardized Row Houses (5 Marla)
Comparison of Construction Cost - Conventional vs Pre-Fabricated System
43
Re-construction in the Earthquake Affected
Areas
Appropriate Technologies
and Indigenous Knowledge
Shaukat Qadeer (Vice President)
National Engineering Services Pakistan
45
➢ Engineered and non-engineered buildings
➢ Technologies for non-engineered buildings
▪ Reinforced Masonry
▪ Confined Masonry
▪ Timber Frame (Dhajji)
▪ Timber reinforced stone masonry Bhattar
▪ Top plate
➢ Technologies for engineer structures
▪ Conventional Construction
▪ Modern Fast Construction Technologies
Appropriate Technologies
for Non - Engineered Buildings
46
➢ Horizontal Reinforcement
▪ Plinth band
▪ Sill Band
▪ Lintel Band
▪ Roof Band
▪ Corner stitches
➢ Vertical Reinforcement
▪ Corners and junctions
▪ Openings
▪ Maximum spacing 4’
Reinforced Masonry
48
• Confined Masonry is a construction system where the
walls are built first, and the columns and beams are
poured in afterwards to enclose (confine) the wall.
Confined Masonry
57
Concept
• The walls are tied down to the foundation.
• The ties work like a string around a parcel.
Confined Masonry
58
Difference with RC frames
• Confined Masonry
• Walls first
• Concrete later
• Reinforced Concrete
Frame
• Concrete first
• Walls later
Confined Masonry
59
• Reinforced Concrete Frame
• Column – beam connections ensure rigidity
• Confined Masonry
• Walls ensure rigidity
Straightforward
transmission of
efforts
Complicated
transmission of
efforts
Difference with RC frames
Confined Masonry
60
• Confined Masonry
• Walls are anchored to
the frames through
indentation.
• Additional re-bars will
improve anchoring
• Reinforced Concrete
Frame
• Walls are usually not
anchored to the frames
and will fall out.
Later anchoring of walls
can be difficult
Difference with RC frames
Confined Masonry
61
• Confined Masonry • Reinforced Concrete Frame
All efforts go through
the beam-column
connection. If they are
badly done, they break.
Concrete goes
into the
indentation of
the brick wall
Difference with RC frames
Confined Masonry
62
Timber Frame Construction (Dhajji)
▪ Complete timber frame
▪ Base plate (Dass)
▪ Studs
▪ Horizontal Runners
▪ Cross bracing
▪ Top plate
▪ Infill
▪ Brick
▪ Small size stone
▪ Weak mortar vs Strong mortar
▪
63
Timber Reinforced Stone Masonry (Bhattar)
▪ Timber reinforcement rather than timber frame
▪ Longitudinal and cross battens
▪ Load bearing stone masonry
▪ Semi dressed stones
▪ Through and lag stones
65
Conventional Construction
▪ Reinforced Concrete
▪ Special moment resisting frame
▪ Load Shear walls
▪ Dual system
▪ Building frame system
▪ Structural Steel
▪ Gable or portal frames structures
▪ Trussed structures
73
Fast Construction Technologies
▪ Technologies based on insulated formwork filled with
reinforced concrete.
▪ Technologies based on inner core of insulating material
with outer structural skin of reinforced concrete or
cement sand mortar.
▪ Pre-engineered structural steel buildings comprising
steel skeleton and cladding of sandwich panels.
▪ Conventional Precast Concrete Construction.
74
Insulating Panels Sandwiched in
Concrete or Cement Mortar
➢ The basic unit comprises four to six inch thick sheet of
insulating material with 1”x1” light gauge wire mesh one
both side. The wire meshes are interconnected with light
gauge trusses running across the panel thickness.
➢ The panel is erected over foundation and concrete or
mortar is sprayed over it under pressure.
➢ The roof may be constructed using similar panels or
conventional wooden or steel truss may be provided.
75
▪ The structural strength depends upon external and
internal concrete layer requiring careful structural
design and excellent workmanship at site.
Insulating Panels Sandwiched in
Concrete or Cement Mortar
76
Insulated Formwork
▪ The basic unit comprises interlocking hollow blocks of
insulating material.
▪ The blocks are placed one above other on an engineered
foundation.
▪ The required steel reinforcement is placed inside the box.
▪ The blocks are filled with concrete of specified strength.
▪ External and internal wall finish is required to protect
insulation material and to achieve a pleasing appearance
of finished structure.
▪ Flat roofs may also be constructed using roof or floor
forms of same insulation material. Conventional wood or
steel truss may also be used with this system.
79
▪ The structural strength depend upon infill reinforced
concrete which can be designed to resist the specified
earthquake intensity.
Insulated Formwork
80
Cold Formed Light Gauge Buildings
▪ The structural system comprises steel frames; factory
fabricated and shipped to site for erection.
▪ Wall cladding and roofing comprise insulating material
sandwiched between corrugated pre-painted sheets.
81
Cold Formed Light Gauge Buildings
▪ Structural strength depends mainly on gable or portal
frames which can be accurately designed to withstand
earthquake of specified intensity.
83
Conventional Precast Concrete Construction
▪ Columns, beams, wall and roof panels are pre-fabricated
in factory and erected at site.
▪ Seismic resistance is heavily dependent upon adequacy of
connections which depend heavily on quality of
workmanship.
▪ The system is generally considered inadequate for
seismic regions.
84
Housing for ERRP
▪ Prime objective was to construct “Earthquake Resistant House”
▪ Owner driven construction approach was adopted
▪ Around 600,000 housing units were damaged and reconstructed
▪ Cash grant of Rs. 175,000/-
▪ Technical guidelines were provided with various types of available
construction materials.
▪ Stage wise construction supervision for release of financial assistance
▪ Conventional construction with seismic provisions
▪ Locally construction techniques like “Timber”, “Dhajji” and “Bahatar” were
also adopted
▪ Awareness program for the locals and work force
▪ Compliance catalogue for non compliant construction
87