Post on 10-Dec-2020
WOMENOMICS: STRATEGI PROTEKSI EKONOMI JEPANG DI MASA
PEMERINTAHAN SHINZO ABE MELALUI PENINGKATAN
PARTISIPASI PEKERJA PEREMPUAN DI JEPANG
Disusun dan diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar S.IP
(Sarjana Ilmu Politik) Strata-1
SKRIPSI
ATIKA TRIANA PUTRI
201510360311079
JURUSAN HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2019
iv
v
vi
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang senantiasa memberikan rahmat dan
hidayahnya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi berjudul “Womenomics:
Strategi Proteksi Ekonomi Jepang di Masa Pemerintahan Shinzo Abe melalui
Peningkatan Partisipasi Pekerja Perempuan di Jepang”. Penulisan dari skripsi ini
ditujukan untuk meraih gelar sarjana S-1 jurusan Hubungan Internasional di
Universitas Muhammdiyah Malang. Peneliti sekiranya berterima kasih kepada
beberapa pihak yang telah memberikan dukungan selama menyelesaikan penelitian,
yakni:
1. Bapak Ruli Inayah Ramadhoan, M.Si. dan Bapak Tonny Dian Effendi, M.Si.
selaku dosen pembimbing yang senantiasa membimbing, memberikan ilmu
dan motivasi dalam penulisan skripsi.
2. Ayah Deswandi, Ibu Zul Afrida, kakak maupun adik penulis, yakni
Muhammad Hafizh, Muhammad Iqbal serta Muhammad Rafi yang
senantiasa memberikan dukungan moral dan doa sehingga penulisan skripsi
dapat lancar terselesaikan.
3. Seluruh dosen jurusan Hubungan Internasional maupun staff Fakultas Ilmu
Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Univrsitas Muhammadiyah Malang, atas dukungan
yang telah diberikan.
4. Pimpinan beserta seluruh staff maupun teman part-timer Kantor Hubungan
Luar Negeri Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, yang telah berbagi ilmu
sekaligus memberi dukungan moral dan doa dalam pengerjaan skripsi.
5. Teman-teman dari jurusan Hubungan Internasional Universitas
Muhammadiyah Malang yang senantiasa memberikan dukungan baik
berupa teguran, semangat dan doa dalam pengerjaan skripsi.
6. いつも支えてくれた、ブラウィジャヤ大学の日本文学科の皆さん。
7. Semua pihak yang tidak bisa disebutkan satu persatu.
Penulis menyadari jika skripsi ini masih memiliki banyak kekurangan
sehingga baik kritik, saran dan komentar yang bersifat membangun diharapkan
dapat menyempurnakan kekurangan dari skripsi ini. Semoga skripsi ini dapat
memberikan manfaat bagi pihak lain yang hendak menggunakannya.
Malang, 10 Juli 2019
Atika Triana Putri
vii
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL.....................................................................................................i
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI.......................................................................ii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN........................................................................................iii
BERITA ACARA BIMBINGAN.. ........................................................................... iv PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS .............................................................................v KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................... vi ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. vii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. viii DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................. ix DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................. xi DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................................1 BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................2
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ......................................................................................2
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................................5
1.3 Tujuan & Manfaat Penelitian ...............................................................................5
1.3.1 Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................................... 5
1.3.2 Manfaat Penelitian ....................................................................................... 5
1.4 Penelitian Terdahulu ............................................................................................6
1.4.1 Tabel Posisi Penelitian ............................................................................... 10
1.5 Teori / Kerangka Konsep ...................................................................................13
Teori Keynesianisme .......................................................................................... 13
1.6 Metodologi Penelitian ........................................................................................19
1.6.1 Jenis Penelitian ........................................................................................... 19
1.6.2 Tingkat Analisa dan Variabel Penelitian ................................................... 20
1.6.3 Teknik Analisa Data .................................................................................. 20
1.6.4 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ......................................................................... 20
1.6.5 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian .......................................................................... 21
1.7 Hipotesa .............................................................................................................22
1.8 Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................................................23
BAB II SEJARAH PEREKONOMIAN JEPANG .................................................25 2.1.Krisis perekonomian di Jepang sebelum periode Shinzo Abe ...........................25
2.2.Krisis perekonomian di Jepang di bawah kepemimpinan Shinzo Abe ..............35
2.2.1 Tekanan dari dalam negeri .........................................................................35
2.2.2 Tekanan dari luar negeri .............................................................................59
viii
2.3.Visi kebijakan womenomics ..............................................................................65
BAB III STRATEGI PROTEKSI EKONOMI KEBIJAKAN WOMENOMICS
SEBAGAI JALAN KELUAR DARI KRISIS PEREKONOMIAN DI JEPANG 74 3.1.Womenomics dalam teori keynesianisme ...........................................................74
3.2.Fluktuasi perekonomian Jepang.........................................................................75
3.3.Womenomics sebagai bentuk keterlibatan pemerintah dalam menangani krisis
perekonomian Jepang ..............................................................................................78
3.2.1 Womenomics sebagai solusi dari aging population ...................................78
3.2.2 Womenomics sebagai solusi dari krisis ketenagakerjaan ...........................80
3.2.3 Womenomics sebagai upaya membangun branding gender yang positif di
Jepang ..................................................................................................................83
3.4.Hasil implementasi kebijakan womenomics di Jepang pada masa kepemimpinan
Shinzo Abe (2012-2014) ..........................................................................................86
BAB IV PENUTUP ....................................................................................................94 4.1.Kesimpulan ........................................................................................................94
4.2.Saran ..................................................................................................................95
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1. Peningkatan angka harapan hidup di tahun 2012...............................36
Gambar 2. Perubahan piramida penduduk Jepang...............................................36
Gambar 3. Perubahan partisipasi tenaga kerja berdasarkan gender dan usia.......49
Gambar 4. Struktur badan promosi kesetaraan gender dalam masyarakat
Jepang................................................................................................56
Gambar 5. Persentase perempuan dalam posisi manajerial.................................60
Gambar 6. Ketenagakerjaan di Jepang berdasarkan gender di tahun 2013.........86
Gambar 7. Perubahan jumlah fasilitas daycare di Jepang...................................87
Gambar 8. Perbandingan jumlah partisipasi perempuan pada posisi manajerial di
sektor swasta.....................................................................................90
1
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1. Tabel Posisi Penelitian............................................................................10
Tabel 2. Tabel Hasil Analisa Penelitian................................................................9
96
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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