Post on 15-Jan-2016
description
• Kegiatan Produksi
Diagram Blok Proses Pembuatan PTA
OxidationCrystalli-
zationSeparation Drying
Hydroge-
nation
Crystalli-
zationSeparation Drying
PX, HAc,
Catalyst
Oxygen
Crude TPA
(CTA)
Purified TPA
(PTA)
CTA Plant (Oksidasi)
PTA Plant (Pemurnian)
Water Hydrogen
Mixing
Slurry
Preparation
MixingEsterifi-
cation
Polyconden-
sationPelletizing
DryingPre-
heatingPolycondensation Cooling
TPA&IPA
EG
AdditiveCatalyst,
Additive
MSP PET
(Amorphous)
SSP PET
(Crystalline))
MSP Plant (Melt State Polycondensation)
SSP Plant (Solid State Polycondensation)
Diagram Blok Proses Pembuatan PET
Crystalli zation
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
PETMerupakan polimer sintetis dari jenis poliester yang dibuat melalui reaksi polimerisasi PTA (purified terephtalic acid) dan Etilen Glikol.
C
O
HO
O
OH
H2C
H2C OHHO
terephthalic acid
C
O
HO
O
OH2C
Etilen Glikol
H2C OH
+ H2O
BAHAN BAKU PET
• Purified Terepthalic Acid (PTA)• Isophtalic Acid (IPA)• Etilena Glikol (EG)• Antimony Trioksida
PROSES PEMBUATAN PET
1. Esterification reaction (without catalyst, under pressure)HOOC-C6H4-COOH + 2 HO-CH2CH2-OH
TEREPHTALIC ACID + ETHYLENE GLYCOL
HOCH2CH2OOC-C6H4-COOCH2CH2OH + H2OBIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)TEREPHTALATE + WATER
Mekanisme Reaksi Esterifikasi
H2C
H2C OHHO
C
O
HO
O
OH2C
Etilen Glikol
H2C OH
H2O
Reaksi Esterifikasi
C
O
HO
OH
O
OH
H2C
H2C OH
H
C
O
HO
O
OH2
H2C
H2C OH
C
O
O
O
OH2C
H2C OH
+ H2O
H2C
H2CHO
4-((2-hydroxyethoxy)carbonyl)benzoic acid
C
O
HO
O
OH
H+/asetatC
O
HO
OH
OH
bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate
OH
C
O
HO
OH
OH2C
H2C OH
-H+
C
O
O
O
OH2C
H2C OH
H2C
H2CHO
C
O
O
O
OH2C
H2C OH
H2CH2C
H+/asetatC
O
O
OH
OH2C
H2C OH
H2C
H2CHO
C
O
O
O
OH2C
H2C OH
H2C
H2COC
O
O
OH
OH2C
H2C OH
H2C
H2CHO
H
Mekanisme Reaksi Polikondensasi PET
C
O
O
O
OH2C
H2C OH
H2C
H2COC
O
O
OH
OH2C
H2C OH
H2C
H2CHO
H
C
O
O
O
OH2C
H2C OH
H2C
H2COC
O
O
OH
H2C
H2CHO
H2C
H2C OH
transfer proton
HO
Etilen Glikol
-H+
C
O
O
O
OH2C
H2C OH
H2C
H2COC
O
O
O
H2C
CH2HO
C
O
O
O
OH2C
H2C
n
PET
2. Polycondensation reaction (with catalyst, under vacuum) HOCH2CH2OOC-C6H4-COOCH2CH2OH
BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)TEREPHTALATE
HO-(CH2CH2OOC-C6H4-COO)n-CH2CH2OH + HO-CH2CH2-OH POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTALATE ETHYLENE GLYCOL
Sifat Kimia, dan Sifat Fisika• Tahan terhadap :
– Asam dan basa lemah– Minyak– Hidrokarbon alifatik– Hidrokarbon aromatik spt CCl4
• Mempunyai sifat mekanis yg baik– Tahan terhadap tekanan sampai >100 Psi
• Mempunyai sifat termoplastis yg kuat• Tidak tahan terhadap asam dan basa kuat• Mengalami hidrolisis didalam air yg dipanaskan• Adanya uap air didalam resin PET dapat mengakibatkan resin
terhidrolisis sehingga rantai-rantai polimernya putus dan melepaskan gugus karboksi
Struktur
OH2CH2C O
CC
O O
O
n
Struktur Monomer Polyethylene Terepthalate (PET)
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