viii

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ..................................................................................... i

SURAT PERNYATAAN........................................................................................ ii

HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI ............................. iii

ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. iv

ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. v

KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... vi

DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ viii

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... x

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. xi

DAFTAR GRAFIK ............................................................................................... xii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1

1.1. Latar Belakang ............................................................................................... 1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................................... 2

1.3. Tujuan ............................................................................................................ 2

1.4. Batasan Penelitian .......................................................................................... 2

1.5. Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................................... 3

1.6. Sistematika Penulisan .................................................................................... 3

BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ................................................................................. 5

2.1. Deskripsi Beton ............................................................................................. 5

2.1.1. Kelebihan dan kekurangan Beton ...................................................... 5

2.1.2. Beton Berpori ..................................................................................... 6

2.2. Semen Portland .............................................................................................. 8

2.3. Agregat .......................................................................................................... 9

2.4. Air ................................................................................................................ 12

2.5. Fly Ash (Abu Terbang) ................................................................................ 13

2.6. Kuat tekan beton .......................................................................................... 14

2.7. Permeabilitas................................................................................................ 15

2.8. Porositas ....................................................................................................... 15

2.9. Standar Mutu Bata Beton............................................................................. 16

BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN.............................................................. 18

3.1 Lokasi Penelitian ......................................................................................... 18

ix

3.2 Rancangan Penelitian................................................................................... 18

3.3 Bahan ........................................................................................................... 18

3.4 Peralatan ...................................................................................................... 19

3.5 Variabel penelitian ....................................................................................... 21

3.6 Pelaksanaan penelitian ................................................................................. 21

3.7 Perencanaan Campuran Beton ..................................................................... 23

3.8 Pembuatan Beton ......................................................................................... 23

3.9 Perawatan Beton (Curing) ........................................................................... 26

3.10 Pengujian Beton ........................................................................................... 27

3.11 Analisis Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................. 28

3.12 Diagram Pengerjaan Penelitian.................................................................... 29

BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................................................. 30

4.1. Hasil Pengujian Semen ................................................................................ 30

4.2. Hasil Pengujian Agregat Kasar .................................................................... 30

4.3. Hasil Pengujian Fly ash ............................................................................... 32

4.4. Hasil Pengujian Slump ................................................................................. 32

4.5. Studi Parametrik .......................................................................................... 33

4.6. Hasil Pengujian ............................................................................................ 33

4.6.1 Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori ............................................................... 33

4.6.2 Porositas Beton Berpori ................................................................... 39

4.6.3 Hasil Pengujian Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori Dalam Bentuk Grafik . 40

4.6.3.1. Pengaruh Fly Ash Pada Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori ................ 41

4.6.3.2. Pengaruh Faktor Air Semen Pada Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori 44

4.6.4 Hasil Pengujian Porositas Beton Berpori Dalam Bentuk Grafik ..... 46

4.6.4.1. Pengaruh Fly Ash Pada Porositas Beton Berpori ......................... 46

4.6.4.2. Pengaruh Faktor Air Semen Pada Porositas Beton Berpori ......... 48

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................ 51

5.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................................. 51

5.2. Saran ............................................................................................................ 51

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 52

LAMPIRAN

x

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1. Persyaratan Mutu Setiap Jenis Bata Beton ........................................ 17

Tabel 3.1 Variabel Penelitian ............................................................................ 21

Tabel 3.2. Kebutuhan Komposisi Campuran 4 buah silinder ............................ 23

Tabel 4. 1. Hasil Pengujian Agregat Kasar ........................................................ 31

Tabel 4.2. Hasil Gradasi Agregat Kasar ............................................................ 31

Tabel 4. 3. Hasil Pengujian Slump Test ............................................................. 33

Tabel 4.4. Variasi Faktor Air Semen dan Fly Ash : (FAS : 0,3 dan FA : 0%) .. 34

Tabel 4.5. Variasi Faktor Air Semen dan Fly Ash : (FAS : 0,3 dan FA : 10%) 34

Tabel 4.6. Variasi Faktor Air Semen dan Fly Ash : (FAS : 0,3 dan FA : 20%) 35

Tabel 4.7. Variasi Faktor Air Semen dan Fly Ash : (FAS : 0,4 dan FA : 0%) . 36

Tabel 4.8. Variasi Faktor Air Semen dan Fly Ash : (FAS : 0,4 dan FA : 10%) 36

Tabel 4.9. Variasi Faktor Air Semen dan Fly Ash : (FAS :0,4 dan FA : 20%) 37

Tabel 4.10. Variasi Faktor Air Semen dan Fly Ash : (FAS : 0,5 dan FA : 0%) 38

Tabel 4.11. Variasi Faktor Air Semen dan Fly Ash : (FAS : 0,5 dan FA :10%) 38

Tabel 4.12. Variasi Faktor Air Semen dan Fly Ash : (FAS : 0,5 dan FA :20%) 39

Tabel 4.13 Pengujian Porositas Beton Berpori .................................................. 40

xi

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 3. 1. Persiapan Bahan ............................................................................. 24

Gambar 3. 2. Pencampuran Beton ........................................................................ 24

Gambar 3. 3. Pengujian Slump Test ..................................................................... 25

Gambar 3. 4. Pencetakan Beton ........................................................................... 25

Gambar 3. 5. Pemadatan Adukan Beton .............................................................. 26

Gambar 3. 6. Curing/Perawatan Beton ................................................................ 27

Gambar 3. 7. Alat uji porositas yang telah di modifikasi ..................................... 28

Gambar 4.1. Hasil Uji Kuat Tekan Beton Variasi 1 ............................................ 34

Gambar 4.2. Hasil Uji Kuat Tekan Beton Variasi 2 ............................................ 35

Gambar 4.3. Hasil Uji Kuat Tekan Beton Variasi 3 ............................................ 35

Gambar 4.4. Hasil Uji Kuat Tekan Beton Variasi 4 ............................................ 36

Gambar 4.5. Hasil Uji Kuat Tekan Beton Variasi 5 ............................................ 37

Gambar 4.6. Hasil Uji Kuat Tekan Beton Variasi 6 ............................................ 37

Gambar 4.7. Hasil Uji Kuat Tekan Beton Variasi 7 ............................................ 38

Gambar 4.8. Hasil Uji Kuat Tekan Beton Variasi 8 ............................................ 39

Gambar 4.9. Hasil Uji Kuat Tekan Beton Variasi 9 ............................................ 39

Gambar 4.10 Metode Pengujian Porositas ........................................................... 40

xii

DAFTAR GRAFIK

Grafik 4. 1. Gradasi Agregat Kasar ....................................................................... 32

Grafik 4.2. Pengaruh Fly Ash Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori

Ditinjau Dari FAS 0,3 ........................................................................ 41

Grafik 4.3. Pengaruh Fly Ash Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori

Ditinjau Dari FAS 0,4 ........................................................................ 42

Grafik 4.4. Pengaruh Fly Ash Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori

Ditinjau Dari FAS 0,5 ........................................................................ 43

Grafik 4.5. Pengaruh Faktor Air Semen Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori

Ditinjau Dari Penambahan Fly Ash 0%.............................................. 44

Grafik 4.6. Pengaruh Faktor Air Semen Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori

Ditinjau Dari Penambahan Fly Ash 10%............................................ 45

Grafik 4.7. Pengaruh Faktor Air Semen Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori

Ditinjau Dari Penambahan Fly Ash 20%............................................ 45

Grafik 4.8. Pengaruh Fly Ash Terhadap Porositas Beton Berpori Ditinjau Dari

FAS 0,3............................................................................................... 46

Grafik 4.9. Pengaruh Fly Ash Terhadap Porositas Beton Berpori Ditinjau Dari

FAS 0,4............................................................................................... 47

Grafik 4.9. Pengaruh Fly Ash Terhadap Porositas Beton Berpori Ditinjau Dari

FAS 0,5............................................................................................... 48

Grafik 4.10. Pengaruh Faktor Air Semen Terhadap Porositas Beton Berpori

Ditinjau Dari Penambahan Fly Ash 0%.............................................. 49

Grafik 4.11. Pengaruh Faktor Air Semen Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori

Ditinjau Dari Penambahan Fly Ash 10%............................................ 49

Grafik 4.12. Pengaruh Faktor Air Semen Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Berpori

Ditinjau Dari Penambahan Fly Ash 20%............................................ 50