The Moo and Cement Shoes: Future Direc*ons of A Prac*cal Sense-‐Control-‐Actuate
Applica*on
Miran Alhaideri1, Michael Rushanan2, Denis Foo Kune1, Kevin Fu1 1University of Michigan
2Johns Hopkins University
September 29th, 2013 (Montreal, Canada)
Mo*va*on • Cyber-‐physical buildings
• Real-‐world applica*on of sensor swarms
• Monitoring structural integrity – concrete strength vs. curing temperature – posi*onal changes over *me
(SEC 2013) The Moo and Cement Shoes (Miran Alhaideri) 2
The Moo PlaQorm • Computa+onal RFID Device
─ based on Intel DL Wisp 4.1 ─ wireless power & back-‐scaXer communica*on ─ programmable MCU with nonvola*le flash memory ─ temperature and accelerometer sensors
• RFID Reader
─ generate UHF RF signal for power ─ send and receive data packets from Moo
3 (SEC 2013) The Moo and Cement Shoes (Miran Alhaideri)
Deployment Process
Firmware Development
PoZng Moos Implan*ng Moos in Wall Talking to Moos
4 (SEC 2013) The Moo and Cement Shoes (Miran Alhaideri)
Firmware Development • Assign unique ID to each Moo
• Toggle temperature and accelerometer sensor
• Sample sensor using the ADC
• Send data back to the reader
(SEC 2013) The Moo and Cement Shoes (Miran Alhaideri) 5
Sample Results Temperature :me-‐series
Accelerometer :me-‐series
10 (SEC 2013) The Moo and Cement Shoes (Miran Alhaideri)
Challenges • 25 % Working Device Yield
– Signal aXenua*on inside (moist) concrete – limita*ons of back-‐scaXering – shortened read range
• Limita*ons of Sensors
– noisy (analog) data – accuracy of sensors over *me
11 (SEC 2013) The Moo and Cement Shoes (Miran Alhaideri)
Next Genera*on Moo
12 (SEC 2013) The Moo and Cement Shoes (Miran Alhaideri)
• Industry-‐leading low power MCU (the Wolverine) – 4x lower ac*ve mode current consump*on – FRAM memory: faster, more efficient writes – crypto co-‐processor
• Limita*ons of Sensors – 100x improvement in power consump*on – accuracy of sensors over *me
Tech Specs
Feature Moo 1.1 Moo 2.0
Microcontroller MSP430F2618 MSP430FR5969
Ac*ve Mode @ 1Mhz 365 uA 100 uA
Max Clock Speed @ 1.8V 4 MHz 16 MHz
Crypto Co-‐Processor No Yes
Memory 116 KB Flash 64 KB FRAM
Accelerometer ADXL330 ADXL362
13 (SEC 2013) The Moo and Cement Shoes (Miran Alhaideri)
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