MYXOCOCCUS XANTHUSOleh: Wendra Ardiwinata (10412026)
Yehezkiel Victorio (10412028)Mandala Ajie (10412035)
WHAT IS MYXOCOCCUS XANTHUS ?
1. Gram-negative bacteria from myxobacteria group.
2. Has rod-like shape3. Found mainly on topsoil, obligate aerobes4. Has sophisticated social lifestyle
CELL STRUCTURE1. Gram-negative, rod-like shape2. Size : around 10 microns in length3. Can form spore4. Motile. Unlike other bacteria, doesn’t use
flagella for movements. It uses pilli5. Can form fruiting bodies when nutrients are
scarce
HABITAT1.Mainly inhabits topsoil rich in organic materials (although can also live in rocky or sand surfaces)2. Can also be found in freshwater3. Optimum pH for growth : 5-8 (although can tolerate higher pH)
SOCIAL LIFESTYLES1. The bacteria have complex social lifestyles2. Lives in groups 3. When nutrients are sufficient : forms
swarms4. When nutrients are low : forms fruiting
body
SWARMS FORM1. Forms when nutrients are sufficient2. Induces vegetative growth cycles3. When nutrients available are in form of other cells
or macromolecules, forms rippling form
Rippling Form4. Cells are organized into nearly parallel lines of
high cell densities, with trough of low cell densities in between
5. The cells excretes hydrolytic enzymes to lyse other cells and breaks down complex macromolecules into simpler molecules
6. Nutrients are absorbed by cells
FRUITING BODIES1. Formed when nutrients are scarce2. Each fruiting body consists of around 105
cells3. Constructed through coordinated movements4. Parts of cells in the fruiting body
differentiates into heat-resistant spore5. When environmental conditions are
favorable, spore will re-germinate
MEDICAL RELEVANCE OF M. XANTHUS
M. Xanthus produces several secondary metabolites that can act as bacteriocides, such as :1. Antibiotics2. Bacteriocins3. Cell wall lytic enzymes4. Lipases5. Proteases6. Nucleases7. Polysaccharidases
SUMBER (BUKAN BUAT DITULIS BUAT DIBUKA LAGI LINKNYA)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UF6FDuXHSt4 video fruiting bodyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tstc6doiNCU video ripplinghttp://www.mimg.ucla.edu/faculty/shi/Myxo.htm web lengkaphttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1540073/ jurnal ripplinghttp://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Myxococcus struktur sel dsbhttp://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4613-8280-5_5#page-1 lisis2an
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