MYXOCOCCUS XANTHUSOleh: Wendra Ardiwinata (10412026)

Yehezkiel Victorio (10412028)Mandala Ajie (10412035)

WHAT IS MYXOCOCCUS XANTHUS ?

1. Gram-negative bacteria from myxobacteria group.

2. Has rod-like shape3. Found mainly on topsoil, obligate aerobes4. Has sophisticated social lifestyle

CELL STRUCTURE1. Gram-negative, rod-like shape2. Size : around 10 microns in length3. Can form spore4. Motile. Unlike other bacteria, doesn’t use

flagella for movements. It uses pilli5. Can form fruiting bodies when nutrients are

scarce

HABITAT1.Mainly inhabits topsoil rich in organic materials (although can also live in rocky or sand surfaces)2. Can also be found in freshwater3. Optimum pH for growth : 5-8 (although can tolerate higher pH)

SOCIAL LIFESTYLES1. The bacteria have complex social lifestyles2. Lives in groups 3. When nutrients are sufficient : forms

swarms4. When nutrients are low : forms fruiting

body

DEVELOPMENTAL CYCLE OF M. XANTHUS

SWARMS FORM1. Forms when nutrients are sufficient2. Induces vegetative growth cycles3. When nutrients available are in form of other cells

or macromolecules, forms rippling form

Rippling Form4. Cells are organized into nearly parallel lines of

high cell densities, with trough of low cell densities in between

5. The cells excretes hydrolytic enzymes to lyse other cells and breaks down complex macromolecules into simpler molecules

6. Nutrients are absorbed by cells

VIDEO RIPPLING (GANTI JUDULNYA NANTI)

FRUITING BODIES1. Formed when nutrients are scarce2. Each fruiting body consists of around 105

cells3. Constructed through coordinated movements4. Parts of cells in the fruiting body

differentiates into heat-resistant spore5. When environmental conditions are

favorable, spore will re-germinate

VIDEO FRUITING BODY (GANTI JUDULNYA NANTI)

MEDICAL RELEVANCE OF M. XANTHUS

M. Xanthus produces several secondary metabolites that can act as bacteriocides, such as :1. Antibiotics2. Bacteriocins3. Cell wall lytic enzymes4. Lipases5. Proteases6. Nucleases7. Polysaccharidases

SUMBER (BUKAN BUAT DITULIS BUAT DIBUKA LAGI LINKNYA)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UF6FDuXHSt4 video fruiting bodyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tstc6doiNCU video ripplinghttp://www.mimg.ucla.edu/faculty/shi/Myxo.htm web lengkaphttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1540073/ jurnal ripplinghttp://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Myxococcus struktur sel dsbhttp://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4613-8280-5_5#page-1 lisis2an