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Pertemuan 15 & 16Electronic Business System
Matakuliah : J0454 / Sistem Informasi Manajemen
Tahun : 2006
Versi : 1 / 1
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Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Mahasiswa akan dapat menguraikan konsep dan aplikasi manajemen bisnis secara online C3
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Outline Materi
• Enterprise Business System
• CRM
• SCM
• Functional Business System
• Marketing Systems
• Human Resource Systems
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CustomerFeedback
MarketResearch
MarketTest
ComponentDesign
ProductTest
ProductRelease
ProcessDesign
EquipmentDesign
ProductionStart
Marketing R&D/Engineering Manufacturing
Enterprise Business Systems
New Product New Product Development ProcessDevelopment Process
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Suppliers
Customers
Em
plo
yees
Par
tner
s
Supply Chain ManagementSourcing - Procurement
Enterprise Resource PlanningInternal Business Processes
Customer Relationship ManagementMarketing – Sales - Service
Kn
ow
led
ge
Ma
nag
eme
nt
Co
llab
ora
tio
n –
Dec
isio
n S
up
po
rt
Par
tner
Rel
atio
nsh
ip M
anag
emen
tS
elli
ng
– D
istr
ibu
tio
n
Enterprise Application ArchitectureEnterprise Application Architecture
Enterprise Business Systems
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• Created Real-time Configure-to-Order System• Enterprise e-Business Systems Need End-to-End Connectivity:
– Across Different Processes– From Legacy Systems to its Suppliers,
Customers and Partners• Orders by Customers Travel Great Global Distances
• Systems Update Order Status• Communicate with Other Systems-Real Time• Orders Zip Across Atlantic Average 4 Times
Enterprise Business Systems
IBM Corporation: Global Cross-IBM Corporation: Global Cross-Functional Enterprise SystemsFunctional Enterprise Systems
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ProductionPlanning Integrated
Logistics
Accounting and Finance
HumanResources
Sales,Distribution,
OrderManagement
Customer/Employee
Enterprise Resource Planning
The Technological Backbone The Technological Backbone of e-Businessof e-Business
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Enterprise Resource Planning
Colgate-Palmolive: The Colgate-Palmolive: The Business Value of ERPBusiness Value of ERP
• Use of Software across the Entire Spectrum of the Business
• Activities That Once Took Days now Take Hours
• On-Time and Correctness of Deliveries Improved Significantly
• Inventories Reduced by 1/3 and Realized Meaningful Cost Savings
Graphically… Graphically…
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Su
pp
liers
Human Resources
Finance and Accounting
DemandPlanning
Manufacturing Planning
LogisticsPlanning
DistributionPlanning
OrderEntry
Enterprise Resource Planning
Cu
sto
mer
s
Purchasing& Accounts
Payable
MRPInbound
InventoryPlant Mgmt.
Manufacturing& ProductionScheduling
InventoryControl &
Warehousing
Distribution& AccountsReceivable
Enterprise Resource Planning
Colgate-Palmolive: The Colgate-Palmolive: The Business Value of ERPBusiness Value of ERP
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Benefits of ERP
• Quality and Efficiency
• Decreased Costs
• Decision Support
• Enterprise Agility
Failures in ERP Do Exist
Enterprise Resource Planning
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Causes of ERP Failures• Underestimating the
Complexity of Planning, Development, and Training Needed
• Failure to Involve Affected Employees
• Trying to do Too Much Too Fast
• Over Reliance by Company on Claims of Software Companies
Enterprise Resource Planning
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Supports an Integrated and Supports an Integrated and Collaborative Relationship Between a Collaborative Relationship Between a Business and it’s CustomersBusiness and it’s Customers
CRM: The Business Focus
CustomerLife Cycle
CRMFunctionalSolutions
CRMIntegratedSolution
The Internet
Acquire Enhance Retain
Direct Marketing Cross-sell and Up-sell Proactive Service
Sales Force Automation Customer Support
CollaborativeService
SharedCustomer Data
Partner Company Customer
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CRM Uses IT to Create a Cross-CRM Uses IT to Create a Cross-Functional Enterprise SystemFunctional Enterprise System
CRM: The Business Focus
Marketing andFulfillment Customer
Service andSupport
Retentionand LoyaltyPrograms
Contact andAccount
Management
Sales•Cross-Sell•Up-Sell
Prospect orEmployee
Fax e-Mail
Telephone Web
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CRM: The Business Focus
Benefits and Challenges of CRM• Identify and Target the Best
Customers• Customization and Personalization
of Products and Services• Track Customer ContactsCRM Failures• 50% of Applications Fail to Meet
Expectations• 20% of the Time CRM Damaged
Customer Relationships• Lack of Understanding and
Preparation is Blamed
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SCM: The Business Network
Supply Chain Management• SCM – A Top Strategic
Objective for Many Firms• The Right Products• The Right Place• The Right Time• In the Proper Quantity• At an Acceptable Cost
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SCM: The Business Network
Objective of SCM Efficiently Manages this Process by:
• Forecasting Demand• Controlling Inventory• Enhancing Business
Relationships• Receiving Feedback and
Status of Every Link of the Chain
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SCM Software Helps Firms Reengineer and SCM Software Helps Firms Reengineer and Integrate The Functional SCM ProcessesIntegrate The Functional SCM Processes
Supply ChainLife Cycle
SCMFunctionalProcesses
SCMIntegratedSolution
Supplier Manufacturer CustomerRetailer
The Internet
CollaborativeFulfillment
SharedMarket Data
Commit Schedule Make Deliver
Strategic Sourcingand Procurement
Forecast and Demand Planning
Customer Order Fulfillment Service
Distribution Network and Warehouse Operations
Transportation and ShipmentManagement
ProductionLogistics
SCM: The Business Network
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SCM: The Business Network
Benefits and Challenges of SCM
• More Accurate Order Processing
• Reductions in Inventory Levels
• Quicker Time to Market• Lower Costs• Strategic Relationships
with Suppliers
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Benefits and Challenges of SCM
SCM: The Business Network
• Lack of Proper Planning Knowledge, Tools, and Guidelines
• Inaccurate Demand Forecasts
• Lack of Adequate Collaboration
• Software Itself Immature
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Business Value GoalsRapid Demand Fulfillment
Collaborative SupplyChain Planning and
Execution
Customer Value GoalsGive customers what theywant, when and how theywant it, at the lowest cost
InterenterpriseCoordination of
Manufacturing andBusiness Process
EffectiveDistribution and
Channel Partnerships
Responsiveness andAccountabilityto Customers
Objectives of Supply Chain Objectives of Supply Chain ManagementManagement
SCM: The Business Network
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• Survey of 75 Related Companies Revealed 18 Different Software Packages
• Lack of Integration Reduces Cost and Speed Savings that Might Be Realized
• Use of WebMethods EAI to Coordinate Processes
• New System Generated Cost Savings• Orders for Product Automatically
Orders Parts
Enterprise Application Integration
Dell Computer: Enterprise Dell Computer: Enterprise Application IntegrationApplication Integration
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Order Entry Method
EAI
Billing
Call Center
Finance
Orders &Fulfillment
Manufacturing
Routing
Shipping
e - Mail
Fax
Web
Phone
Enterprise Application Integration
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Transaction Processing System
Capture and Process Transactions ImmediatelyCapture and Process Transactions ImmediatelyCable Company A Cable Company B
VideoServer
VideoServer
Host System Host System
InteractiveVoice Response
System
WebServers
FaxServers
San Francisco New York
CommunicationServers
DatabaseServers
ApplicationServers
CommunicationServers
Phone System The Internet
Syntellect Interactive Systems
Middleware
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Transaction Processing Cycle
Capture and Processing Data, Capture and Processing Data, Updating Databases, and Produce Updating Databases, and Produce Information Products Information Products
DataEntry
Documentand ReportGeneration
DatabaseMaintenance
InquiryProcessing
Transaction Processing•Batch•Online/ Real-Time
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Enterprise Collaboration Systems
ECS Enables Working Together by Helping Us to:•Communicate•Coordinate•CollaborateTools for Enterprise Collaboration…
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Tools for Enterprise CollaborationTools for Enterprise Collaboration
ElectronicCommunications
Tools
ElectronicConferencing
Tools
CollaborativeWork
ManagementTools
EnterpriseCollaboration
Systems
•Instant Messaging
•Voice Mail
•Faxing
•Web Publishing
•Paging
• Calendaring and
Scheduling
• Task and Project
Management
• Workflow Systems
• Document Sharing
• Knowledge Management
• Data Conferencing
• Voice Conferencing
• Videoconferencing
• Discussion Forums
• Chat Systems
• Electronic Meeting
Systems
Enterprise Collaboration Systems
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QuickPlace by Lotus Development QuickPlace by Lotus Development Collaborative Software ScreenshotCollaborative Software Screenshot
Enterprise Collaboration Systems
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General Electric Co: Committed to General Electric Co: Committed to Enterprise CollaborationEnterprise Collaboration
Enterprise Collaboration Systems
•Committed to Lotus Tools – QuickPlace•QuickPlace-Web-based Work Spaces•Sametime (Real-time Online Meetings)•Tools Streamline Communication•18,000 QuickPlaces for 250,000 Users
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Functional Business Systems
Examples of Examples of Functional Functional Business Business Information Information SystemsSystems
Marketing
ProductionOperations
Human ResourceManagement
Accounting Finance
• Customer relationship management
• Interactive marketing
• Sales force automation
• Cash management• Credit management• Investment
management• Capital budgeting• Financial forecasting
• Order processing• Inventory control• Accounts receivable• Accounts payable• Payroll• General ledger
• Compensation analysis
• Employee skills inventory
• Personnel requirements forecasting
• Manufacturing resource planning
• Manufacturing execution systems
• Process control FunctionalBusinessSystems
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Marketing Systems
Marketing Information Systems
MarketInformation
Systems
InteractiveMarketing
Sales ForceAutomation
CustomerRelationshipManagement
SalesManagement
MarketResearch andForecasting
Advertisingand Promotion
ProductManagement
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Marketing Systems
Five Major Components of Five Major Components of Target MarketingTarget Marketing
OnlineBehavior Demographic/
Psychographic
Context
Content
Community
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Marketing Systems
Sales Force AutomationSales Force Automation•Use of Computers and the Internet
•Improves the Delivery of Information
•Support for Sales People Provides a Strategic Advantage in Sales and Marketing Responsiveness
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Marketing Systems
Baker Tanks: Web-Based Baker Tanks: Web-Based Sales Force AutomationSales Force Automation•Leader in Rentals of Industrial Containment•Foremost in Transfer Equipment•Serves Customers in Construction to Aerospace•Ineffective Access to Huge Data •Used Salesforce.com Web-based System - PDAs Connected for Data•Much Better Communication•Salespeople More Productive
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Marketing Systems
Web-Based Salesforce.com Web-Based Salesforce.com Automation PackageAutomation Package
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Manufacturing Systems
Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)
• Simplify• Automate• IntegrateFlexible Manufacturing SystemsAgile ManufacturingTotal Quality ManagementComputer-Aided Engineering
(CAE)Computer-Aided Manufacturing
(CAM)
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En
terp
rise
Res
ou
rce
Pla
nn
ing
ManufacturingResources
Planning Systems
ManufacturingExecutionSystems
EngineeringSystems
ProductionForecasting
ProductionScheduling
MaterialRequirements
Planning
CapacityPlanning
ProductionCost Control
QualityControl
Shop FloorScheduling
Shop FloorControl
Machine Control
Robotics Control
Process Control
Computer-AidedEngineering
ProductSimulation and
Prototyping
Computer-AidedDesign
Computer-AidedProcess Planning
Manufacturing Systems
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Human Resources Systems
Human Resource Information Systems
•Recruitment, Selection, and Hiring
•Job Placement•Performance Appraisals•Employee Benefits Analysis•Training and Development•Health, Safety, and SecurityHRM and the InternetHRM and Intranets
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Supports…Supports…
Staffing Training andDevelopment
CompensationAdministration
StrategicSystems
TacticalSystems
OperationalSystems
• Human resource planning
• Labor force tracking
• Labor cost analysis and budgeting
• Turnover analysis
• Recruiting• Workforce
planning/• scheduling
• Succession planning
• Performance appraisal planning
• Training effectiveness
• Career matching
• Skill assessment• Performance
evaluations
• Contract costing
• Salary forecasting
• Compensation effectiveness and equity analysis
• Benefit preference analysis
• Payroll control• Benefits
administration
Human Resources Systems
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An Example of an Employee An Example of an Employee Hiring Review SystemHiring Review System
Human Resources Systems
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Accounting Systems
• Record and Report Business Transactions
• Trace Flows of Funds Through a Business
• Produce Financial Statements
• Forecasts of Future Conditions
• Projected Financial Statements
• Financial Budgets
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Accounting Systems
Accounting Information Systems for Accounting Information Systems for Transaction Processing and Transaction Processing and Financial ReportingFinancial Reporting
Sales TransactionProcessing System
PurchasesTransactionProcessingSystem
PayrollTransactionProcessingSystem
General LedgerProcessing and
Reporting System
Billing AccountsReceivable
FinancialReporting
AccountsPayable
SalesAnalysis
Purchases
Time-keeping
Cash Receipts and Disbursements Transaction
Processing System
SalesOrder
Processing
CashDisburse-
ments
CashReceipts
GeneralLedger
InventoryProcessing
Payroll
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Accounting Systems
•Order Processing• Inventory Control•Accounts Receivable•Accounts Payable•Payroll•General Ledger
Examples of Widely Used Examples of Widely Used Accounting Information SystemsAccounting Information Systems
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Accounting Systems
An On-line Accounting ReportAn On-line Accounting Report
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Financial Management Systems
Support Business Decision Makers in:
•Financing a Business•The Allocation and Control of Financial Resources
Capital BudgetingFinancial Planning Software
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Important Financial Management Important Financial Management SystemsSystems
CashManagement
InvestmentManagement
CapitalBudgeting
FinancialPlanning
• Forecast andManage cash position
• Manage short-term and other securities
• Evaluate risk/return of capital expenditures
• Forecast financial performance and financing needs
InformationSystems in
Finance
Financial Management Systems
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Strategic Financial PlanningStrategic Financial Planning
Financial Management Systems
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Summary
• Cross-Functional Enterprise Systems
• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): The Business Backbone
• Customer Relationship Management: The Business Focus
• Supply Chain Management: The Business Network
• Transaction Processing Systems• Functional Business Systems• Marketing• Manufacturing• Human Resource Management• Accounting and Finance
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Sumber Materi PPT
• O’Brien, James A. (2005). Introduction to Information Systems (12th Edition). McGraw – Hill. Bab 7. Official PPT.
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