Vibration Solutions for Building Services Equipment

Vibration Solutions for Building Services Equipment

Increased precision in building

services equipment

Quick and cost-effective

implementation

Eficient solutions for reducing noise and vibrations

1 Values and Visions

At Getzner, solutions to minimise vibrations and

structure-borne noise have been at the heart of

creation for almost 45 years – for building servic-

es equipment as well as for civil engineering and

industry.

Modern buildings are becoming ever more com-

plex in terms of construction and equipment.

Even lightweight constructions – mainly concrete

and steel structures with extensive glass façades

– are susceptible to vibrations. They amplify and

transmit structure-borne noise from the facilities

installed inside. When these devices are operation-

al, they emit vibrations that are transferred as

structure-borne noise to other parts of the building

via solid objects such as loors and walls. Humans perceive this as vibration or noise. Vibration has an

adverse impact on quality of work and life in places

where lots of people congregate.

Calling in vibration isolation specialists during the

building planning phase helps to keep costs low, as

much of the additional expenditure required to

make subsequent improvements is no longer neces-

sary. The result is a building that offers more tran-

quillity, enhanced functionality and improved well-

being.

>> Vibrations can have a negative impact

on people's health and wellbeing.

Getzner offers

— Solutions offering the best possible

cost-beneit ratio; not least due to the hundreds of thousands of successful-

ly mounted air conditioning and ven-

tilation systems

— Quick implementation owing to ex-

pert calculation and manufacturing

— Eficient, established and approved products to meet various require-

ments

— A holistic approach to relevant frame-

work conditions – starting from the

planning phase

— Less inancial and technical effort thanks to professional consultancy

Bearing of air conditioning systems in the

Mercedes Museum in Stuttgart

3

4

Vibration Sources in Building Services Engineering

2

Chillers

Compressors in chillers generate

structure-borne noise that can be

transferred to the building. ¬ Page 12

Cooling towers (recoolers)

Cooling towers to be installed on the

roof of a building distribute structure-

borne noise during operation. ¬ Page 14

Fans

The fan transports and compresses a

gaseous medium by means of an inte-

grated rotating impeller. Even the

slightest imbalance can generate

structure-borne noise. ¬ Page 13

Pumps

The operation of the pumps also

causes structure-borne noise.

¬ Page 15

Pipes

Pipes leading from or to energy sourc-

es (AC, HVAC etc.) generate structure-borne noise and must be considered

as a whole when decoupling the sys-

tem from structure-borne noise.

¬ Page 16

Lift systems

During operation, the starting, stop-

ping and general movement of the

cabin generates vibrations that are

transmitted to the structure of the

building and perceived as structure-

borne noise. ¬ Page 17

Air conditioning (AC)

systems/air handling units

The main reason for the occurrence

of structure-borne noise is usually

the motor-fan unit. For more information,

see¬ page 8

Combined heat and power plants

(CHP plants)

Combined heat and power plants

generate high levels of structure-

borne noise due to their large,

moved masses and accelerations.

¬ Page 10

Heat pumps

Heat pumps generate high levels of structure-borne noise due to their

compressors and moved masses.

¬ Page 11

Getzner reduces vibrations right at the point of origin.

Developers, architects and other con-

struction specialists have to confront

the particular challenges presented by

sound control. To comply with the provi-

sions of the building and construction

industry, it is necessary to plan the build-

ing services equipment (BSE) across the various trades. This is the only way to

reduce airborne and structure-borne

noise as effectively as possible. Solutions

from Getzner reduce vibrations to a level

that is barely perceptible, with a positive

effect on quality of work and life.

1

8

9

2

3

5

4

6

7

5

Elastic bearing of an air conditioning

system

Elastic cogeneration plant bearing

3

2

6

8

5

9

7

7

4

1

5

6

Products for Maximum Effectiveness

3

Vibration-isolating products (overview)

Isotop® SD, MSN steel

spring isolators

Isotop® MSN/Z, SD/Z,

MSN/Z-LC

tension elements

Isotop® SE-DE sand-

wich elements,

special versions

Isotop® SD-BL, MSN-BL

compact block elements

Isotop® DZE pressure-

tension elements

Isotop® MSN-DAMP

vibration damper

Isotop® DSD steel

spring isolators with

damping core

Isotop® DZE-BL

pressure-tension

elements

Full-surface, strip and discrete

bearings made of Sylomer®,

Sylodyn®, special types

Foundation bearings

made of Sylomer®,

Sylodyn®, special types

Isotop® DSD-BL compact

block elements with

damping core

Isotop® SE

sandwich elements

Product beneits:

— Maintenance-free

— Very low settling behaviour and long

service life

— Long life cycles

— Easily adapted to the local installa-

tion situation (Isotop® is a modular

system; Sylomer® and Sylodyn® can

be made to measure and are colour-

coded)— Sylomer® and Sylodyn® are highly

effective at a low overall height and

low delection (protecting electrical and mechanical connections)

— All Isotop® products have screw

connections and are of a robust,

compact design

Maintenance-free bearing with

Isotop® DSD

Strip bearing with Sylomer®

Thanks to its wide range of products,

Getzner Werkstoffe is able to tailor

bearings perfectly to the customer

requirements.

Isotop® products are mainly used for

low-frequency bearing. They can be

tailored in line with the disturbing fre-

quency as required, up to a frequency

of 3.0 Hz.

— Mainly used for natural frequencies

below 8 Hz— Springs can be used for point loads

from 2 kg up to 5.5 t per element

Sylomer® and Sylodyn® are used mainly

for full surface bearings with natural

frequencies above approximately 7 Hz (disturbing frequencies from 25 Hz upwards).

Ideally, Getzner HRB bearings are used for very high loads in the smallest spac-

es.

— Mainly used for natural frequencies

above 7 Hz— Load ranges from 1 t/m2 to 600 t/m2

— Available in thicknesses from 2 to

50 mm

Product selection

38 Hz

30 Hz

23 Hz

16 Hz

9 Hz

Product

Device disturbing frequency

Min. verticalnatural frequency

Isotop® SD

9 Hz

3 Hz

Isotop® DSD

16 Hz

5 Hz

Isotop® SESylomer®/Sylodyn®

23 Hz

7 Hz

Isotop® DZE, MSN-DAMP, SE-DE, Sylomer®/Sylodyn®

30 Hz

9 Hz

Sylomer®/Sylodyn®

38 Hz

14 Hz

Device disturbing frequency

Eficiency of insulation > 90%

Lower tuning frequencies

can be achieved by higher

thicknesses and geomet-

ries.

7

Solutions4

Bearing of an air conditioning system on

steel springs with an integrated damping

core (Isotop® DSD)

Individually tailored products along-

side detailed installation plans and

itting instructions result in eficient solutions for reducing noise and

vibrations in buildings.

Framework conditions for

professional solutions

— Deinition of all exciting forces— Consideration of the effects of elastic

bearing on the exciter and the object

to be protected

— Universal procedure

— Compliance with legal requirements

for structure-borne noise protection

4.1 Air conditioning systems

Modern air conditioning (AC) systems are usually installed in service rooms in

the basement or on the roof. Depending

on the surface conditions and design of

the substructure, extensive structure-

borne noise protection measures are

required.

Elastic bearings made from Sylomer®

are used as standard measures and

Isotop® SE or SE-DE elements for high

point loads. For critical applications

(hospitals, concert halls, theatres etc.), the systems are mounted on spring

assemblies.

Individuality creates eficiency

1 Sylomer® linear support for a

roof-mounted AC system

2 AC system next to office space

decoupled with Isotop® SE

1 2

Application example

Task:

Installation of an air conditioning sys-

tem decoupled from structure-borne

noise next to an ofice space— Natural frequency approx. 15 Hz— Low installation height

Solution: Sylomer® linear supports

underneath the base frame

Result: Natural frequency of 14.8 Hz achieved, eficiency of insulation at 3,000 rpm (50 Hz) = 90 %

8

Bearing on Isotop® steel springs with

decoupled foot and pressure plates

Application example

Task: Roof installation of air-handling units decoupled from structure-borne noise

for protection of lecture halls and event

rooms

— Required natural frequency < 7 Hz

Solution: Isotop® DSD-BL 2 steel spring

block elements with damping core and

decoupled footplate and pressure plate

Special feature: Height-adjustable de-

sign for offsetting the roof pitch


1 21 AC system on steel construction

elastically decoupled with

Isotop® steel springs

2 Bearing of an air-handling unit

on Sylomer®

Isolation curve,

natural frequency 4.8 Hz

Isolation curve,


2 2.5 3.2 4 5 6.3 8 10 13 16 20 25[Hz]

20

10

0

-10 [

dB

]

-30

-20

20

10

0

-10

-20

5 6.3 8 10 12.5 16 20 25 30 35 40 50 [Hz]

[d

B]

-30

-40

-50

IsolationIsolation

9

Solutions4

Isotop® DSD bearing

4.2 Combined heat and power plants

(CHP plants)

Combined heat and power plants gener-

ate high levels of structure-borne noise

due to their large, moved masses and

accelerations. To prevent long-term

damage to the shell of the building and

avoid health hazards for persons, the

systems need to be elastically mounted.

Combined heat and power plants are

usually isolated using spring assemblies

with damper elements, or using Sylomer®/

Sylodyn® linear support or foundation

bearings.

Application example

Task:— Low natural frequency < 6 Hz— Decoupling element with damping

— High amplitudes

Solution: Isotop® DSD-BL 6 with

footplate

Result: Natural frequency of 5 Hz achieved, eficiency of insulation at 1,500 rpm (25 Hz) = 95 %

10

Isolation curve,


1 Isotop® DSD-BL bearings

2 Isotop® DZE bearings

3 Bearing on Sylodyn®4 Strip bearing on

Sylodyn®

1 2

43

20

10

0

-10

2 2.5 3.2 4 5 6.3 8 10 13 16 20 25[Hz]

[d

B]

-30

-20

Isolation

Reduction in secondary airborne noise

thanks to elastic decoupling of the

system

4.3 Heat pumps

Heat pumps generate high levels of

structure-borne noise due to their

compressors and moved masses. They

are extremely eficiently isolated using steel springs – with or without damp-

ers – or using Sylomer®.

Application example

Task: Vibration-suppressing bearing of

a compressor unit

— Low natural frequency < 5 Hz— Compact design

Solution: Isotop® SD with type Isotop®

FP/K footplate decoupled from

structure-borne noise

Result: Natural frequency of 4.8 Hz achieved, eficiency of insulation at 1,500 rpm (25 Hz) = 94 % 1

Isolation curve,


20

10

0

-10

2 2.5 3.2 4 5 6.3 8 10 13 16 20 25[Hz]

[d

B]

-30

-20

1 Bearing of a heat pump using

Isotop® steel springs

2 Discrete decoupling of a heat

pump using Sylomer®

1 2

Isolation

11

Bearing of a chiller using

Isotop® SE-DE

12

1 Bearing of a chiller

using Isotop® DSD-BL

2 Bearing of a chiller

using Sylomer®3 Bearing of a chiller

using Isotop® SD-BL 2

1 2

3

4.4 Chillers

Chillers are usually installed on the

roof. As this promotes structure-borne

noise, the systems are isolated using

Sylomer® or Isotop®.

Application example

Task: Roof installation of a refrigerating ma-

chine decoupled from structure-borne

noise on an on-site steel structure

— Natural frequency < 5 Hz

Solution: Isotop® SD-BL 2 steel spring

block elements with footplate and pres-

sure plate decoupled from structure-

borne noise


Solutions4

Isolation curve,


2.0 2.5 3.2 4 5 6.3 8 10 13 16 20 25 [Hz]

[d

B]

20

10

0

-10

-20

-30

Isolation

Bearing of fans using Isotop® SD

steel springs

4.5 Fans

Fans have moved masses with large

acceleration values. Depending on the

imbalance of the motor and impeller, a

reduction in structure-borne noise is

required. Due to various operating

points when starting and stopping, fans

are isolated using springs or spring

assemblies (block elements).

Application example

Task: Elastic bearing of a tunnel fan

— Low natural frequency < 4 Hz— Minimum installation height

Solution: Isotop® SD with footplate

Result: Natural frequency of 3.5 Hz achieved, eficiency of insulation at 1,000 rpm (16.7 Hz) = 95 %

Isolation curve,


2 2.5 3.2 4 5 6.3 8 10 13 16 20 25[Hz]

20

10

0

-10 [

dB

]

-30

-20

Reduction of structure-borne

noise through bearing using

Isotop® SD steel springs

Isolation

13

Elastic decoupling of a cooling tower

using Isotop® DZE elements

14

4.6 Cooling towers (recoolers)

Cooling towers installed on a roof gener-

ate high levels of structure-borne noise

during operation. Depending on the re-

quirements regarding the eficiency of insulation, the systems are isolated us-

ing Sylomer® or Isotop®.

Application example

Task: Roof-mounted recooler— Natural frequency < 15 Hz— Linear support

Solution: Elastic bearing made from

Sylomer®

Result: Natural frequency of 13.4 Hz achieved, eficiency of insulation at 3,000 rpm (50 Hz) > 90 %

1 Recooler equipped with

Sylomer® bearings as

standard

2 Structurally-strong bearing

of a cooling tower using

Isotop® DZE

1

2

Solutions4

Isolation curve,


5 6.3 8 10 12.5 16 20 25 31.5 40 [Hz]

20

10

0

-10

-20 [

dB

]

-30

-40

-50

Isolation

Bearing of pumps using Isotop® steel

springs (block elements)

Decoupling of a pump

using Sylomer® and Sylodyn®

4.7 Pumps

Pumps usually convey liquid media with

different viscosities. Depending on the

medium, pressure and conveying dis-

tance, extensive structure-borne noise

insulation must be considered. Pumps

are extremely eficiently isolated using structurally-strong DZE elements, or,

where pump foundations are present,

with Sylomer®/Sylodyn®, sandwichele-

ments or block elements.

Application example:Task: — Low natural frequency < 8 Hz— Easy installation

Solution: Isotop® DZE


1 Bearing of a pump

foundation using Sylodyn®2 Bearing of pumps with

Isotop® DZE elements

1

2.0 2.5 3.2 4 5 6.3 8 10 13 16 20 25 [Hz]

20

10

0

-10

-20

[d

B]

-30

Isolation curve,


2

Isolation

15

16

4.8. Pipes and peripheral devices

Pipes leading from or to energy sources

(AC, HVAC etc.) generate structure-borne noise and must be considered as

a whole when decoupling the system

from structure-borne noise.

Application example

Task: Research institute, suspended pipes, guidelines from

constructionphysicist

— Natural frequency ≤ 6 Hz

Solution: Isotop® / Sylomer®

Result: natural frequency of 4 Hz achieved, eficiency of insulation at 1,500 rpm (25 Hz) = 97.4 %

Solutions4

Bearing of an exhaust heat

exchanger using Isotop® DSD-BL

steel spring dampers

Pipes decoupled using Isotop®

SD/Z

Isolation curve,

natural frequency 4 Hz

2.0 2.5 3.2 4 5 6.3 8 10 13 16 20 25 [Hz]

20

10

0

-10

-20

[d

B]

-30

Isolation

4.9 Lift systemsLifts are used to transport individuals

or loads between two or more levels in

a moving cabin. During operation, the

starting, stopping and general move-

ment of the cabin generates vibrations

that are transmitted to the structure of

the building and perceived as structure-

borne noise.

It is highly recommended that appropri-

ate decoupling measures are consid-

ered right from the start, during the

planning and design phase of the lift

system.

The bearing of the drive and cables in

particular using Sylomer® and double

elastic Isotop® SE-DE elements can

achieve excellent decoupling results.

Solutions with Isotop® SE-DE meet the

requirements of bearing class EL3 in

accordance with VDI 2566. Most solu-

tions are implemented with natural

frequencies of between 10 and 15 Hz.

1

3

2

4

1 Double elastic bearing using

Isotop® SE-DE, overhead

cable guide

2 Easy elastic bearing using

Isotop® SE, drive above shaft

3+4 Decoupling of the drive

using pre-stressed bearings

made from Sylomer®

Double elastic bearing using Isotop® SE-DE,

overhead drive

17

Service5

Getzner develops customised solu-

tions to meet stringent demands –

for all industry sectors. The difference

between Getzner and other suppliers:

— More customer focus

— More experience

— Better service

Holistic solution development

Getzner is on hand to assist in projects

from the planning stage right through

to implementation. Production at its

own facilities allows the company to

ensure that projects are completed

promptly and on time. Our team of ex-

perts is also lexible and able to react quickly to change requests.

Smart from the start

The bearing of all equipment is planned

according to customer requirements

and constructional considerations.

Setting up devices made easy

Getzner ascertains suitable measures

for structure-borne noise insulation

— according to position and with an

appropriate centre of gravity. What

customers receive is a precise calcula-

tion, indicating the degree of isolation,

damping eficiency and natural frequency for the bearing of their

system. A detailed CAD plan simpliies the installation of the products, as

good as eliminating the possibility of

inappropriate mounting. The results

show effective vibration isolation

as intended

The following data is required in

order to deal with enquiries

— Device or machine version (applica-

tion description/drawing, etc.)— Dimensions and weight of the

machine or device

— Position of the support points and

centre of gravity

— Required bearing type (full-surface, discrete or strip)

— Minimum excitation frequency

[Hz] (if known)— Static and dynamic device loads

Everything from a single source

— Consultation

— Optimisation

— Calculation

— Vibration measurement

— Vibration isolation

forecast

— Installation plans

— Installation supervision

— Prototype production

— Pilot series production

— Series production

— Quality label

1

18

References6

1 Oslo Opera House

2 Steigs (Mels) power plant

>> Solutions from Getzner are being used

successfully all over the world.

Porsche Museum Stuttgart

Renowned manufacturers in the pro-

cessing industry, engineering and

planning ofices as well as technical building service companies across the

globe trust in the experience and qual-

ity of Getzner.

As a recognised system partner, our

company is involved from the mo-

ment concepts are developed and

throughout the design and planning

phase.

Extract of references from over 40 years of experience in providing vibration protection solutions for building

services equipment.

— Mercedes Museum Stuttgart (bearing of air conditioning

systems)— Messe Stuttgart (bearing of air conditioning systems)— Isfahan Metro (bearing of smoke extraction fans)— AMD Wafer Fab Dresden (bearing of process chillers and

air conditioning systems in clean room)— Brüder Grimm Museum (bearing of AC systems)— Porsche Museum Stuttgart (bearing of AC systems)— Oslo Opera House (bearing of AC systems)— Airrail Center – Frankfurt Airport

(bearing of air conditioning systems)— Steigs (Mels) power plant (foundation bearing)

2

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Getzner Werkstoffe GmbH

Herrenau 5

6706 Bürs

Austria

T +43-5552-201-0

F +43-5552-201-1899

[email protected]


Am Borsigturm 11

13507 Berlin

Germany

T +49-30-405034-00

F +49-30-405034-35

[email protected]


Nördliche Münchner Str. 27a

82031 Grünwald

Germany

T +49-89-693500-0

F +49-89-693500-11

[email protected]

Getzner Spring Solutions GmbH

Gottlob-Grotz-Str. 1

74321 Bietigheim-Bissingen

Germany

T +49-7142-91753-0

F +49-7142-91753-50

[email protected]

Getzner France S.A.S.

Bâtiment Quadrille

19 Rue Jacqueline Auriol

69008 Lyon

France

T +33-4 72 62 00 16

[email protected]


Middle East Regional Office

Abdul - Hameed Sharaf Str. 114

Rimawi Center - Shmeisani

P. O. Box 961 303

Amman 11196, Jordan

T +9626-560-7341

F +9626-569-7352

[email protected]

Getzner India Pvt. Ltd.

1st Floor, Kaivalya

24 Tejas Society, Kothrud

Pune 411038, India

T +91-20-25385195

F +91-20-25385199

Nihon Getzner K.K.

6-8 Nihonbashi Odenma-cho

Chuo-ku, Tokyo

103-0011, Japan

T +81-3-6842-7072

F +81-3-6842-7062

[email protected]

Beijing Getzner Trading Co.; Ltd.

Zhongyu Plaza, Office 1806

Gongti Beilu Jia No. 6

100027 Beijing, PR China

T +86-10-8523-6518

F +86-10-8523-6578

[email protected]

Getzner USA, Inc.

8720 Red Oak Boulevard, Suite 528

Charlotte, NC, 28217, USA

T +1-704-966-2132

[email protected]

www.getzner.com

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Vibration Solutions for Building Services Equipment

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