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TABLE' OF CONTENTS . ,

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, . .~ I . Executive Summary .. , .

A, Introduction .

8. StUdyArea C.. Goals and O b ~ v ~ . D. Background and Current CbnditibnS E. ' Development Plan

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Design Overview , , 1 B. Design Elements

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. ' ,. 1 ' , C. Buildings D., Great Streets E. Parking F. Amenities , , '

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F. Conclusion , . , . G. , Summary ,, ,

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II. ' , Project 1,ntroduction . ,V g- . ' conomic . . ecommen . . ' at ons

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, . 3 A. ' Wtiy Plan For Economic Development A. Projectobjective ~

B. Goals ofmis Plan C. ' , Scope of Planning Study . . I

D. , Projectstudy Area ' ,

E,, Community Profile F. History

4 B., ~ Main Street Approach ' ,

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' ' C., ' Economic Development Summary , ,

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111.'. .G. Summary , ,

The Planning Process A. DesiQnOvelview B: Wet Main SiFeet C. Parking~Solutions , ' ,

D.

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Design impact on Economic Development " 10' ' 10 j ' E., Summary 12 13

A. The Participants B. 'Community IR\ro@ment C. Ciienlnput D. Participant Coordination ' ~

VIII, . lmpiementation m . 5 5 ' ,

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B. Economic-Issues . , C. Building Condition Issues ' ' ' , , ,

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-sting CondYtiohs and 'Economic Issues. ' : A. ' implementation, ' 1

14 , . 6. NlunicipaiPrpgrams D. Histoifc Preservation Funding E, Tea21 Funding

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F. . State Level Programs 19

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G.. ' Fedem! Level Programs H. Foundation Grants

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I. private Funding

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k ,Existing Conditions,.

'D. Str~t I$sues . . . '

E. Defining a District . .

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D' - D ,=~ :m' D" m' =. -. , m . I ,I,'.-. - . =. D' -, - . ,

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: ' , 0' IJm'ki 'customer base. . The trade area is refafivefy iylated,and sparsely populafed.

Overall, the o b j q e Of the master pian: is bfoster an , environment for, incksed , diversity , of commedd, cultural, social, "and recreational,

h e quality of life for Nkwca&le ,residents bbt also Wilt outside ,idre& and ,bring in. new businesses aqd market groups.

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A. ~ Introductian: I . , , ' ' , .,

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Through major fundin,g from,the u. s..bepartment of ' '0' Increased mobility of Piety. Highway and ' opportunities downtown that will not only' enhance. : Commerce Economic Development Administration, , , interstate systems Wliie trawl' to. .largerg .

.neatby commercial centers such as GilleWi ,, the North East w i n g .Economic .Dev@opmnt ,Wyoming and'eapid city, 'South Dakota. Coalition. (NEWEDC) sponsored 'ulk . study.

NEWEW. is. a regional organization. represenhg five Wyoming counties - campbd, crook, &Enamic Of 'the Converse, Niibrara, ,and Westbn: its mission is to cmodlt ies such as mineral is tied production; '' bas'c enhance the quaw .of life tor area, resideMs and ranching .and, dry land agricultu@, and timtier

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assisbin &onomic develQpm&it. , , ,. products.

. , and cydes' ' me ', ' me'&pe of'the plan.includes'economic

issues, pedestrian and . vehicular, 'circulation, streewpe , ' improvements, infrastructure

issues rel@d to revitalizing downtown~and linking it ' , improvements, intfirpretiq? issues, and other design . '

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. . 0 Loca' commercial development., ,Most ,new. : to the rest ofthecommunity. .. . .

, . commercial deyelopment is taking ljlace in . '

6. ' , Study Area , ' ' ,

areas otherthan dhtown. ., ,

, , . . Conditions .. , .

Located, ,in the northeast comer of the 'state,;, Newcastle is 'the larwt ,community in .weston. County"qd is also the home of its cou@ government The ' master ,plan , focuses on . ,

re*aliZiW cask's historic, 'centml ,busin= ' Thi master plan endeavors to provide appropriate , thi following item,s were . ' district. specificaiiy, the study 'area. of this master, , avenues to r&j lze d&wn and re&rih it as ,.

between Summit and Railway Avenues and, one' blocic north and south of West Main. ReSiiential property on the side streets within he study area is

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&mmeEial .en&, ',d&&own N e w m e has been'on the .decline wer h e past' ,several yws. ,A number of factors have contributed

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c, '~6~1s and Obj&b& . . . .

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As a basis for the master pian recommendations, ,.,

d . . Comu@ytiistoryand heritage. , .

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. , plan , is the thr& blocks Of w& Main ,street be historic, commercial, and culbm~ heart of the,' community arwgh good design, t a r g ~ d econokiG development, 9;ld

Benefits derived ham a revitalized downtown are , ,

I wide-mgmg', from the intaflgibl6S. Of instilling ' community pride'and positive community identity to the tangibles of n?al estate'appreciation, cijmmunity,. self-sufficiency, and ,reinvestment of lqcal dollars 'in

techniques. , '.o w e , , olimate, transportation ',mutes and ' '

. , ... , modes.

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- 0 0 ~ ,a R. Reg ih l atx' lwtl economic'base.

0 Demograph& - past, current, and future trends.

R ',community resources, opportunities, . . services,

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tothiideche: , . . .

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the .&nom$. . . , ,

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Q, Downtown, real && -' kstoty, aichitectural ' ' that WilI~attiaCt new targeted markets. The master At this time, positive: change is already underway. A , '

ele,, ,.past an$ 'current utilization, pwent plan identifies methodsto get people downtown and new , commercial building . is 'currently under condition, and development opportunities. to instill a, positive image of the exciting changes . Construction downtown that;wifl provide ~ t & l , office,

and residential space. This complex replaces several buildings that burned down in 1998. Also on 5 ,'Downt&n cornme&! activity - inventory and

ciassity 'existing. businesses. ' . The' d&gn signient of the:ma&?r plan-makes the ' hotizon, the. Wyoming Depamnent ' Of franspwtation win resurface West Main Street in

and 'OCate downtown. AU fiese'.chdges are dipctbd to 2003, and has,eamarked a substantid sum system 'enhancements such as sidewalks, Ii

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, . taking place downtown.

several, changes b'the'ex$ting ,physicai layout of

and, ' , .creating ' a comfomle, safe, and aesthetically '

, pl.&ng environment where ,people will' want to . and landscaping. . ' parldngr

' , street conditions. . ,

' ,. ' 0 community' , input -. identify p f i , o ~ ~ ~ for.. , spend thek time and money. . . , , , , cbmmercial .,developmerIt and stFeetscape . , m e plan narrows West'Main street from its present ~ . ' ' ' ,

. . four lanes to three lanes, ,widens the sidewalk, adds 0, 'City d, b@vcestle and Wyoming Department of , ' street @f% and shrubs, prowdes' Gating and ' , ,

; Transpottation -'coordina@'infrastmeture and gathering ,mas, and improves parking 'and , ,

streetapa issues Consistent with their design circulation. The plan also s ests a ~ h i m d 'criteria. . . Solutions to historically 'he

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design:

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Finally, the plan explores 'funding. options to implement, the revitalization effott .and .identifies

E.' Development Plan

"In order for the revitalization effect longten, .weli&dered succes~, the master plan, MIIS ior the

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, . . . ~s~urces for indepth information ..on hi$o"c ,, ' ' ' , ,

F. ' Conclusion ,: ' . . . .

, , reh&i!it&ion and economic developmentz . . , . , , formation of a grass roots ddwntown assaciation.to

direct ongoing revitaiization efforts., This downtown as&ciation should. consist .of"members from bofh theprivateandpublicsector. , . . . ,'

' ' : Marketing and promotional strategiware a VM part of.the revitalization effott. The'm'aster plan presents market research techniques to idenfify goods and ,,

services that meet.the needs of the cbmmunlty and

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, . ' ' AMoughdow&vr'Newde tiaslostgrbund,asa ' , " .

. , . , . . hub for commerce, the is not ir@mt@ble: ~ t , h 'a 'plan in hand and ,through the dair;alion end commheM,,of the'Newmtk, m m m u n i , positive change can take place. ~ '

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. . good design .prlnc;iples, effective marketing and

.' pmmotional strategies, md the ' formation. of a. .mmitted public-settor/pd@e-slvate-sector grass mots

to bring the plan fo reality.. ' ' '.

Economic. Development '' ' ' Coalition,,. (NEWEDC); through gmts from the

Commtinity plo& Grant Progrm, US. Department, ,' of ' Commerce' 'Economic , Development

AUminisbation and Black H i k Copragion, funded

F i e . boih ffle C i ,of' Newcastle, and. Wyoming C)epa@ent. ' of . Transpottation (WYDOT) have

'' scheduled physical improvements for .Main Street 'within itie near Mure, the timing 'of thls study is

:In 2002, , Mewcastle will be updating the sanitary sewer ,infmttucture under

' ' ' M8in .Street. and in the .following year; 2003, ' . WYDOT ha sheduled ,6mstruction 'of Main

Street. In addition to. resurfacing the street, W D O T for ' has earmarked a substantial amount for on-system

Candidates. for , these ,within the.rdadway right

such items as dfprative lighting, sidewalk paving mgtehals, and

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~dwelopment from withh- and"outsiie. corporate B. Go& of'this plan. , "

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,. , . decisions to locate to a communitv, ' ' , ' , - . ,

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infrastructure Coordination ~ssues Water and sewer service.

0 Other utiliw sewices. ' ' ' Railroad crbssings. . , '

, , Higtiway r6cofistruction.

,' Community image and a&etics. O Historic values and cultural considerations. 0 Architectural style and facabes. e. ,Directionalsndinformationsignage. , ' '

specific objectives are as follows:

P To develop. a comprehensive revitalization . ,

'approach that will serve aS a catalyst for , The De$gnworksI TSP consulw team, Working in, business opportunities within the downtown konjunctlm with 'the city of Newcastle,' NEWEDC,

,W~DOT, and members of the .Newcastle. community, will, evaluate , and reeommend lnterprethre~ssuea

study area.

0 .To recommend improvement concepts that w8l 'improvements that are' to include, but 'not'' enhance the. aesthetic charactbr and image of , , , necessarily limited to, . , the following items: the downtovJn area: To create a sense Of plaCe and pride that is unique to NewcaW. Communitv EconMnic I&U&

0' 'Research and analyze qmomic problems, o TO estabrih bettervehicular and pedestrian

circulation . and safety. in 'the project area

' .U To proiide development opportunities ,and , ,

,streetScape improvements that.are achievable ' ,

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0 , other Desien Issues , a identify Newcastle'seconmic sectors. ', Suggest mixed us& for downtown

' (~uantify economic impact of potential Pocketparks and green space. . .

O ' Land uswand zoning. . . ' ' buildings arid lots. Commun'tylinkage,. , . , ,

including banier free awks.. ~ , .

uses. SeCurity & maintenance issues. 0 ' ,Create new job. ' ' lmplqnentation and funding. , '

, ' and wnlknhance the downtown envimynent

.D To develop linkages ,to kmmunity landmzirks

P To ~ develop a 'realistic , stmtegy for i Handiippedaceesslbihty. ' ,

This 'report, h&'been. prepared to serve as a guideline to help chart the course for"lon@range improvemen& for downtown Newwstle. This $an is .'

Wyoming Depattmenl of -Transpoitation, buW% Landscape and irrigation. leaders, and other groups .interesled in the future diWon of Newcastle;

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P ':C&lafion .~ ~m . , . . Pedestrian circulation and safety. . ,

Pnblic parking availability. . ,

Vshwlar trafk and safety. anddestinations. . '

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. . implementation Of the plan.

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,D StreehreaPelrn~roVements. street and walkway lighting.

I 0 Walkway improvement. , ,

to. be used as .g t6ol by the'city of Newcastle, 0 Benches,and trash receptacles. , .

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bound& to the north and east by the Black.Hills and to the .south and west by high plpins shortgrass

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person$ per square mile), 2,397 square mile county that shares iki eastern boundary with South Dakota.

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route of the old Deadwood-Cheyenne Stage Coach population ,is estim$ed at 3,174 persons, and the , , basis, .highest average week;ly incomes'are in ttie, line.. 'state Highway 450 heads soufhwM from , ' Wyoming Department of A%I Division of Economic ' mining, transportation, manufacturing, and finance Newcastie through heart n of the Thunder Basin Analysis predicts only a slight increase in population , sectoB. National Grasslands and the Thund& Basin to 3,197 persons by the year 2008.

tn Newcastle, speci8call.y;the 'Eargest employers by ' ' ,

' , . ' numbers of einployeeS a,re .education - N e w d l e '~ coalfields. , .

- Weston County Memorial Hospital and Manor, and petroleum refining - Wyoming Refiniw Company. ' ,

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Demographid ', - School District, coal mining -Kerr McGee, healthcare '

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, . Newcastle lies equal distmk from two. regional , . commercial centers, Gill&, ViFyoming - 77 miles to , The cdmmunity's . laciavethic , mix is I quite

the :~ofthwest, ad Dakota 'n homigenou$ with wr 96 of the regidea,

miles interstate ' to connection, 'the northeast'. 1-90, is Newcastle's 47 'm ib away. nearest :The . fallin& Bureau within of thecensus thb, US. c,assiRcation .Depaltment of of. .w&, Commerce~ Nan- , .

Hispanic. , ' Median age is mid-thirties and the percent male b'female:ratio isnearly 1:1. In 1995, .NewcasHe has a' mayor-city council form of ,median household i n m e $33,003 -w@ .2.65 ' . g,wemment. Fire protection, is provided- by a persons per household: ,CwntywiBe, the crime rate . volunteer fire ,depament, while a city, police

. , is low. According to, the, . Wyoming ' Attorney' department. provides law enforcement .with .8 full The elevation. of Newcastle is 4,339 bet above sea General's Division ,of Criminal Investigation, total time, officers. A joint city - county facib houses the level. The climate, is .semi-arid and sunshine, is : ' crimes in Weston Countyduting 1997 were 120 of pow and shefiffs department as Well 8S a jail. 'in abundant; Newcastle eqxwienps the climatic w h i i 108 were classiicd as propertycrimes and 12 addtion to this law enfoment fac

' ~' Department of Corrections don Camp is locapd in Newcastle.

changes of f&r distinct seasons, but usually does as violent,crlmes." ,

not experience extremely high temperatures in the summef, norseverkbld in the winter. Average JuW temperature is 70 ,degrees F., and :average Januaij temperature is 28 de&ees, F.

. , nearest large,, metropalitan center is Denver - 320 ' .

miiestothesouth. ' , , , '

. , Climate , .

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, ', Wyoming's t& structure all&s reside@ to ben&

are l,?a& on only a , ' from low personal taxes, There is nb state income . .

Sulrounding ,W, uses are principally mineral ~&actiW, mChi% and W land agdCWre, and .

1 logging. A sizable portion of Weston County ,is public land - 28:8 p w ~ - With the U.S. ~ FWSt

From its inceptiq through, the -I9Ws, N e w M s %Nice ,as the, l a w landholder in the pub)ic ~Utlily property is, iissessed 'at' 11.5 percent of

1900 &@ed a population of 756 ttie 1960 census kntonlie,productiqn, dil and gas produdon, forest Commercial and residential property is recorded a popuiation of 4,345. Since' h e 1980 products, ranching, servi,bs, and rStaii hde . The

, , assessed.at 9.5 peMnt of FMV. . . ' ' wnsus, population has declined., Acrording to the ,, four iarge8t employment $&rs in Weston County -

I990 census, Newcaste was home to 3185 Of be by number of employees - are government, r&i Mineral ,produ~& ; ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ largest.:econbmic county's 6,518 residentP,,.' CurrenUy 'Wewcasue's trade, services, and mining. . . On a , . persMlal income :scrctor, is, the statess, primary generator,

tax, and property taxes, , . .

h ~ t i o n of the fair market vdue,,are as ~o~Ic+:

p ~ ~ ~ n s p o r t a t i ~ ~ ; comm&&bns ,and )&brK

Population , .

population increased. The first Mc&i .oensus ' in

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N&raska. In a qu@ for the requisite coal, B&M 1 Railroad suweyors set o,ut from the Black Hills,

through norhekt Wyoming, and in 1888, a rkh- . , , d&od of bituminous coal was discovered just north

of the' present day Newcastle. Mining and sawmill equipment w k ,brought, in from Alliance,' titie lo

odd , . 17,000 acres of land was ssurd,, and

Mineral production is taxid at 100 percent Of fdr, market value;

A.sales tax system is. in force. Appliibb Sat& a d Pharmacies-2. "

, ' serviees are taxed at 5 percent of which 4 'peent is the,state's share the counties receive,the balance.

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Ambulance and EMT. . ,

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.ResidentiaI,Qm - Mondell Heighe , , Fellw/Rebekah Retirement.Hme for the Cambria Mining Company began mining'.coal.

'Newcastle is home to a.number all services. The , , individuals o v W 5 5 ' following is a sampling of someof them: 1 Uirary - Westen County Library. : , . in' July of ,1889, south of Cambria, at the

, 0, ' . Baycare - 1 adult,,2 licensed children's. construction camp hfadyarteS of , the ,Kilpatrick Transportation , . , , Churches-15. . '' ,, ' ' brothers' and,Chestef Collins, .(dlro?d contractors

0 , Railroad - Burlington Northem and S a m , , ~ . Museum -Anna 8. Miller Museum. ' , . . and mining managers), a, town site was laid out by

Schools -.2 elemenw.s@-tools (one is the Linwln Land Company., ,Joseph .Hemmingway, Public Transportation +'Senior W e n s ~ ' . i ' grad& K-2, the,other is grades K 4 , i ' ' superintendent of the Cambda Mine; was given the

middle school (grades 6;8),1 high &ml. , honor of ,naming the new, town. h e christened, it, . , Common& a d ,&it Education - c o u h ~ , Newcastle in honor of his hometown in England, ' '

New&& upon Tyne. Due to its Idcation on the new raii line ',and proximity to mining activities,

offeted through Eastern Wyoming College

' ,interest in the new town was high; over No hundred I& soiU the first day. By the time the first train

' ' 'arrived in NgwcasUe on, November'.,l8, 1889, Newcastle's population was wer 7oo wrsorrs.

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Bus. . ,

' , : 6 , Airport,- Mohdell Aitpbrt.

' '. Cwmnunlcations . , and the University$ Wyoming. Nine-hole golfcourse. Newspaper - News. Letter Journal , . (weekly . . . ' . ~ a d i i station ~ ~ S L am. A bond lssue passdin May 2000 to buiid .a new

0 Telephone - RT Communications. high schml' and gkide school. Constroction of

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. , Cellular Phone - Advanced Communication ~. these schools is to start in 2001 : ' , ,

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F. History System, hmmriet , , Celitdar.

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0 .Hospital - Wkston'CMmty Memorial (22 ~,

.' , 'N"~si"gHome.-W~o~Coun~'Memgrial , '

'Public Health Nurse, Home&re;.Weston

: Newcastle traces its mots back to tjm &iWaK1 expansion of the BUriin@W end Missouri River .Railroad. vital to the westward ,@May expansion, 'was an economical, souice of coal to @el' the locmiotives. In 1885, construction of the proposed ' .

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.Manor (51 bed). , '

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Coum'Home Hedthcap 1 , ,

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Project introduction . . . , .

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NewcasUe' was, in many senses, a tyiicat wide- ,

opsn,,westem town With its shareOf saloons, dance ',,

halls, and gambling &tablishmen&: ' Concurrently, 'however,, the inf$a&&re of a stable: rmfmnlity was ~;tking $hap@. , &nstrucfiQn Mutished, ' and quicWy N m $ t l e was the site of mulches, schools;

businesses,. nmpwpers, banks, and homes..

Mining continuM',at ihe' Cambria Mining CdmpanY. ' i for'39 years. In 1928, afkl2,464,917 tons of coal were mined out and with nb other workable veins in . .

the area,' the mine closed. ' To' this day, railroads and coal mining continue t6impact the Newcastle '

Community. Newcastle is bn. both the BurlingtOn Northem an$ Santa F6 tines. Many',& me , .

employees of the coal mines, located sduth' and west of Newcastle, make their homes , . , in Newqstle. " .

mmic ' ,booms and the lqws of economic ,busts. ,. ' ,

The discovery of Oil at nearby Osage in, 1918 fueled ' '

the Newcastle &nomy, as did Wad, Waf I. During" the war 'pars, ,demand was: high"for mineral ond

'post wari, Newcastle's ecinmy i~ffeieci,m, Oyerextended famers and p i h e r s no Ion& had a ready market for their, products. Drought and

mnchers. ,Added to this Crisiis were' a number of &her factors such as the Cambria ' Mine Clasum, ' . . '

A'numher of publiciorkS'projects helped bokterthe ,, ;thlivedl, ,in addition tb oil wet1 production, W m i n g Newcast@ @nomy, irurlng the 19Ws, and in 1940, ,. Refinery ,'and Pope and ,Talbot Sawmill ' began

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agricMure-reld products. . ,

fbredmwes intensified the Plight of f w e @ and

banks failumsv.' and Prohibidion - all wtiibuting factom in .leading Ne- ilk *e Great

Creek and Clareton. Thrpghout the ensuing oil ' , boom' years of the lWs, NewCasde'S economy,

home to a number of state and fedeial agencies as well. Th,e city benefits from'the stabiiidng €konorn&

Depression years.

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, influence of these agencies. mere is an abundance of natural betluty, wikllife, and sporting,opportun!p such as' hunting, fishing, skiing, hiking, 'and numemus interesting hihrical features and places , , ~I

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to vlsk.

On the downside, Newcastlek economy is in many ways so intimately linked to the supply and demand economics of nabmi resour~es and commcuines that it is quickly subject to changes in the national and global economy. Additionally,'dety's mobility , , , ,

becomes only 'more entrenched as time .goes by. ,. The importance of Newcastis's relatie isolation - as

dramatically over the past several yeak ,and will continue to do so. Wthout a captive customer base, '

the necessity of fine-tuning, ' foresight, and close attention to and understanding, of consumer needs.

. ' As it looks'to the future, Newcastk! faces many of .'the. same challenges of declining small town

in ned, of an'identity, invigoration, i sense of pride, determination, an&a cohesive plan to bring',@out

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a factor in ensuring local support f c , a strong, , , . .

diversifwd &tail and services. sector - has waned , .

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I , .and,wan&is impera~e. ' , . ,,

. , communities ail over the United States. 'It is a town

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throughout the,pianning process. She coordinated stfeet desip i&u?s., with WYDOT specifications in tehs oftraffic flow, and safety standards, and

,, .. region. worked to ,, obtain funding for on-system

Residents of Newcastle. were involved in several c~mun i t y .input woFkshops and public meetings and filled but questionnaires regarding the project (see COmfnunity InVOlvement).

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'A,. The Participants , ' , ' d Develop busin& in the five county &on. . '

0. Attract.new business into the flve county I : ,

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Sponsor Of #Iis Inaster is me, M'* East ' ' 0 Enhance, qua#&! of life of'th$ in , enhan&menb. , , ,Wyoming. Eeonomic Devdopment , Coalitiq , , the 'ma.

with economic development projects.

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(NEWEDC). .Headquartered in Gillette, Wyoming, ' 8 '' , ,O Assist'ammunitieg within the, five counties the coalition i? .a regional o,ganiration

cmOk converse' Ni*mm' and Weston" United States Depament of Commerce's

,recognizes We NEWEBC as an . . . unfunded, .design&& district. The five county commissions financiaby suppofi the Coalition on a per capita 'basis.

' ' . ' representing 'We Wyoming,co,unties - Campbell, . I ,

. . ' Robert' Ha&y, 'Nek#ie's City Engineer, was .

an active partkiipant throughout :the -planning, : ,' . ' Economic Developimgnt Adminispion ' ' process. ' He provided invaluable assistance as a NEWEDC contract@ with the Consulting firm, , . '

Designworks, Inc. of Rapid City? South Dakota, to resource for background materials. Adttinally, he directed the consultants.' 'to sourc,es of coordinate the plannilig process and to prepare information, helped organize cornmuhii . ~ , this,, ' m&r , plan. , ' 'Designworks, provided meetings, coordinated issues wlth WYDOT, rallied professional lmdskape ' archiiectural. ' .and

, , , .community support, q d reiayed community downtown planning services. .Warkjng ,with' , . . concams~forthed~nibwn,revitaliza~,pm~. Designworks, ' TSP Three, Inc. .of Rapid City

' provided .the necessary architectuial. support ' ~ '

selirice for the preparation of the plan:

The scope of the consultants'. sewices included mapping of the project $re@, analysis of existing

, , Facelik - 'an 'wganizatim' of local citizens problems, , integration .of commlmity input,

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,: p he ~d hitorid society' Atlgelil, 'Cregger, d I d r , o f the Anna B. Miller Museum, and the proiect Facelift cdmmittee 'provided assistance with histodd records and'photqgmphs. Pfbject

The five couni@ recognize the follOW!ng benefits ' i m p m m n t - also p'iuvided insight into their past . , preparation'of the'master , , plan report. . . . '

as Uw'foundation far NRNEDC: . , effob and input for future downtown

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, . , ' , dedicated , to downtown, prsetvation and , presentation, ' of &sigh . alternatives, and ' .

8. ~ ' Community involvement .~

; development. 0 Cooperativemarketing. ' , . ,

' , ResourceUtiliition. Jon: Kacheihoffer, R US.' Economic Development ,Adminktration '

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eligibility. . . , ' with the Wyoming, ; 'the development, of downtown revitalization 0 'Technical assistance and education: ber jment of alternatives. 'Input and guidance from ,the public '

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were essential in the evolution of m%y of the concepts.presented in this mastei,plan. ,Several

, , Transpwtafion, 0 strategii regional playing.

' NEWEDCs goal$ are as fullqws:,

engineer , , '' ' Citizens of' Newcastle were ,actively engaged in' ,

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informed the design team about the present services and activities of the Senior Center and also of the projected future level of services and activities. The design team believed Glenda's input . as representalive Pf the center - was partidarty valuable since the center is located downtown and serves a significant and growing sector of Newcastle and the greater Weston County community.

Proiect Facall Committee Meetina. Members Francine khman, Michael Mitchdl, Georgia Rarigan, Annie Mulien, Leonard Cash, and Janice whitley, downtown property owner, met wf!h the consultants. Randy Fisher brought the Faceiifl committee up to date on the design team

' activities and solicited their input regarding the revitalization pro@. Items discussed ranged from general physical downtown amenities of

owners, took additional photos, and conducted fulther research at the Anna B. Miiler Museum

p Commerce. Nancy' Moore of KASL radio interviewed Rarldy Fisher. The intelview was a live broadcast during which MI: Fisher discussed the scope and purpose of the project KAS

service in an effort to disseminate infomation td community members who were unable to meet id person with the design team and to alsq enmmge cornmunlty participation at future inpu! sessions. Following the inteniew, Nan@ Rurnney, director of the Newcastle Chamber of Ccmmerce, met with the design team. Shq brought the consultants UR to speed with thq activities of the chamber and spedficaliy, thd activities of the chambets business retention committee

prbvided this interview time as a commu 4

increaied handicapped ' acwsibilii, directionallinfomationnational signs, and CONtfo@ble walking and biking 'mditions to, types of d & m n busin-es such as specialty shops and cafes; The broader issue of .defining a cohesive promotional theme for the community ' ,

and economic grdwth were also discussed. Those attending the session who. had not .previously filled out a survey did SO .at this meeting.

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C o d 1 Wan' Review. On May 11,2000, the ,cansuitants met wiul ,downtown businass and' property,owneffi. F a t evkiqg they d r e also, guests at a. cdy planning commission 'meeting. Betty Blenkush, Meash and grant specialist with NEWEDC, Joni Kacheihoffer wah' WYDOT, and interested &iiens attended the planning meeMg. The primah pufpose of .both, meetings was tb prdsent and review the. conceptual 'glans for street design d ,downtown 'enhancements, buikliria

BuiIdlndProDemr OWIIW FO'O~IOW-UP. HoUy facade restorations, and to expiore issues 2 Brenne'm met with building and property' owners. economic development. The design team Interested persons brought histor'cal photos and reviewed the conceptual plans with meeting pertinent information regarding their property. Ms. attendees and solicited fedback for further Brenneise also met on site with some building refinement of the concepts into the master plan.

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Concept Desian R&w' Meetinas. ,On August 17, ,2000, the deign .team met with Robert HarHey to review and finalize the design concepts presented in this master plan.

Final W e r Plan '.Presentation.: ' (TBA) ' is schedulec~upon cOmpletion of . . this . project.,

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in 'an etrirt to accuritely assess matt& of to ' the 'Newcastle residents, prepared: and distributed a Citizen

/npd ,Questionnaire. ,Survey information ,was compiled and'considered in formulating a number of the cokpts proposed in this plan:

Thirty-five ~cqzens completed, questionaires, and over 57 pednt of, the participants w e p downtown: propedyand business .owners within the study area, The following items, are a brief summaly of the suivey results. Refer to Appendix 'A for complete survey results and comments.

.O lm&e Improvement. Overwhelmingly ,the respondents characferized . the image ,of Newcastle .as. poor. Clean-up of vacant lots and buildings was a high.priority as was Main Street reconstruction and the- addition. of 'Streekcape , . amenities, in particular trees. ,

L! Historic Preser&on. .Most respondents were in favor &historic preservation and building renovation. They, also felt ,the

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, . general aesthetics - appearance - of meir , ' , D, ,

should be .complementary and contain . '

elements of continuity. , , 'In the real world,the best possible design solution , ' '

Cl Economic Dwelo~ment M e raspondents '

, stated a need for a better mix of businesses

Pafiicipant Coordination . . downtown streets,'.walks, buildings, and signs , . ' , . .

is often a mam,of give m, take a.pnipromjse . hat &eS to reach a pnsensus with Various

concerned and wed groum'- ,not all of whom' . . , , ,

and services and for' additional cultu'rat, have compatible priorities, ', " . '

social, and recreational oppo.mnMes in , , . , 'Newcasue, Tourism was ovewhelmingly : , As such, h e Bnal downtown revitalization design , .

favored 'as. an 'avenue for dpwntown '. mustmeet a.Smany$ofe'needs ofthe&nsumer : ' '

economic development. There wtls .also some,interest in residential development in the downtown distttct to further spur and support economic develapment

0 Safetv and Clrculation. 'Most respondents

motorist and pedestrian WR.tpffic circulation. being adequate togoad.

,a Proikt Funding, ' Most'respondents favored' a mix of state, federa&, and IOCal funding for the downtown revitalization improvements.

j , Private funding ,ranked last.

Many respondents.suggested the following issues

and, downfown businesses and' property owners . as possible. ' It must also be fundable for implementation to 'occur. : And finally,' it must be

time.

was m8'mmed thmughout b e planning prwss. . . . As funding vehicle for the lion's share of the

, ' ' proposed streetsap improvements, it was ,only , . ~ '

pragmatic to reach a design solution that coold meet the safety, parking,, and traffic ,flow : specifications of WYDOT, while simul@neously

maintainable forthe design to stand the test of ' , . ,

Carehi coordination with the City and WOOT

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perceived the dowtitown as safe, for both , , ,

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' ' meeiing the mainiantmce budget and abilii of,the ' . , , , . , city; , , ,.

and 'planning, that reconstnrction of Newcasge's'

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should rec&e'special tittention: , . ' " "It ,was bur intenc,through providing good design, . . .

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m Bw@ification of enttyways into.town. Main , Sn&t ,,and accompanying on-system , ' ~ .,

0 General community clean-up., improvements scheduled for 2003' by h e 0 Better infurnational' and directional signage ' ' Wyoming Department of Tianspoliation provide

leading to downtown. . . the best possible backdrop to e n W g e , ,

economic @investment in downtown Newcastle. ' ' Better' parking .accommodations for both customersandclowntownworkers, ' '

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Except for, owners or employees, residential occupancy' is. not allowed in this district. If owner/employee tesidentiai occupancy occurs, it

.' must not exceed 50 percent of the gross floor area, of the pemifted use. If operated as an open Accessory Use, :it shall not exceed a gross floor

' ' , The downtown area is zoned C-2, Central grea of 50 percent ofthe area of the zone lot. Business District. The purpose and 'defimition bf this zone as statedin w o n 6.j of the Newcastle Right of way encmachmg&; sljch as awnings, Zoning Ordnmce is as W&YS, This dlstrict is ,are.allowed lF these encroachments are at least 8

B.' above any pedestrian way and the projection intended for the purpose otgroltping those retail, commercial, institutional and office uses ',no,closer than 18 inches from,any The first priorit)! in p[anning downtown iommercisl

development js to study and analyze what already ' ' necessary for a cantml bus ines .d~c t serving a exists. The following elements were examined in major trade area larger than a segment df.the '

community. This.District is intended to be the Fencing, walls, and retaining walls must Wmpk assessing 'the c u m condition of tYle downtwn most ' Intenssly developed of all thi? business with Section En, however, compliance is, not

retroa&ive to pre-zoning ,ordinance permitted economy:

districts: 0 Historid and.etXisting socbmohcfactors. , , us& In a'nkhell, fen&, wails, Iand,r&taining 0 Constraints 'and opportunities provided bu . In ,this district, there are ' no minimum wails over 3 ft. in height, may be erected only

requirements for bt area, lot width, .or yards.' upon'application to and approval from the zoning. " "laximum, building. height is : three-stOry. administratdi afld may not obsfruct the View within. U' Climate and geographicfocatim.

U , T r a n m cundiis. , , Cwnprant uses .include m& retail and wholesale. , a 20 ft. 'sigM triangle at an intersection, nor be 0. Zoning. ' " .

0 Business development inc&ves.' schools, and. dining, amommoddon, and 0, Businessinventory ' ,

AkesSa&, use of property within the C2 diskict is^ permitted. if a) it ' is , deafly incidental and '.

, customary to, and commonly assgCi@ted with. the

operated under the same ownership and on the

. . ' The first four items'have been touched~upon in . . ' ' Sections I and II of 'this report and will be

developed in further detail ~a.6 pertinent to other ' sedi0nS af this master Plan.

, I I A. ,Existing Conditions , , . , .

A number of .'e&ng 'conditions needed be ". , .

, . , . focused on during the design and impiemenBton phases of the, downtown revitalization. These w.

B. Economiclssues 1

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conditions are the subject of.this section.

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natural resources and land ownershipi '

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located within 3 ft. of a'fire hydrant.

CYff+$reet parking provisions - also not.retroactie ' . - are covered under Section 9.b+ Off-streef stalls

must be an, all. weather surface' I concrete or 'asphalt - and a minimum I$ 9 ft. wide by 18 f l long, Off-street loading space, is permttted only at the rear and sides of,lots and must be at least 12 ft. wide, 50 ft. long, anil allow 14 8. height. d e a n m i Parking of unlicensed or inoperable,

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businesses, , services,. institutions, , churches, . ,

, . . entertainment establishme@. a , , Owner. . .

Address. , ,

0 Sire.' ': Ags..,

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TfleOfrnelchandise* range Of goods ' ,' operation of the. permitted use, and, 11) it is ,

and Sewices. ,' same zone iot as the permitted use. . , 0 Number of emplbybes: ."; , '

, , , ' vehicles is not allowed. , ' . 0 Affilia@Ms with any chain businesses. . .

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Sign'regUIations are qwereci in Section 10. other '

than billboards and residential development signs, all sign types pemiitted by the zoning,ordinance , ,

ara.'permitted in the C-2 district

TaxlDeveopment , . . IncentiveB: . ~.

There a? cumtiyno City or county tax incentive programs available to- encourage ' m e r c i a l development in the downtown study area

Bwinesslnventorv: ' , , . '

usage follows:

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' I ' A block-by-block inventory. of downtown building b t s through ,62 -.Vacant lot, private, ti& paved, ~5 ft. frotitage. Methodist church of yewcastle - church, 150 . ' ,

O Lots 13 and '14 - 'Hardware Yank - retail : ' ' ' . 8. frontage, This site has.been home to the .' haidware store, 50 8; frontage , . First Methodist Church Since the late 1800's.

, . .'The Church has' been moved (on site), ' '.Lots 1'5 thmugh 18 - 8. Carter Inc. . , storage/whrehouse,, not open .to public, '200 rembdeled, and expanded a number of times

' , ft. frontage on Main and 130 ff. frontage .on avertheyears., . - . Lot 10 - Three small' stQrefronts,, all vacant,

50 R. combined frontage. , ' 'Raihvayhvenue. ' ' ',

Rklwav Avenu Lots 19 &ugh 24 - Pdmarily undeveloped . ' WestMain Street

,BLOCK 71

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,North Seneca Avenue Lots 1 through& . . , are single-family residential.

L& 7 and 8. - Storage, ,not'open to the pubic, 50 R. fnhqge on Main,, 130 B.

mortggp company, 25 it. frontage on Main and 70 ft. on' Nolfh Sene&. This building orlginaily .constructed in' 1890, housed the

,. this was the first permanent building erected in N&casUe and was constructed of locally manufactured brick. The upper Wo kwrs , . , . ~ o r t h SumnerAvenue .. , , , , . . ' Bank of Newcastle and had,75 fiifrbtage on fust sewed as a commissary. and, the

.' 0 Lots 1 and 2 - FIE# State. Bank financial ' ,Main. Fires. .destroyed . portions . of the basement' hoked Weston County ft building, 40, R. parking 1, building;' a high f e r n 'of rough-cut lumber

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government ', offiw, and westtin,. county screens thevacant I$ frp stteet view where Cwlt. .Most residents refer to this building's alley - Weston COunty the middle ,portion ,.of the building stood.

Senior'Ciitens - parking lot (no frontage on h e Anfle? H,&I - a use for many years.

, . WestMainStreei , ,

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'frontage On "', 'Iiiit '88"' by '' . ' landl Qhe new hime is undercokmction. ,

. L& 10 and 11 - && Hills Mortgage -

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, ' the Kilpatnck Brothers and Chester Collins, . ,

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, , Existing Gondltions ad Economic ,[sues . ,

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sandstone. Parking is located behind (north) , ,

' ' of the &itthouse on lots 13,through 18. . .

BLOCK9 ' , ' . . '

West Main Street ',Lots 1 through 5 - Gabby's - convenience ,.store &d gas station, '100 ft. frontage on . ,

Main, 140 Rhontage on 5: Summit. . , ' '

,, Lot 6 Newsletter ,Journal - weekly

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12 - M ,Energy - 'senrice shophehou& space for gas heating/cooling ,'systems North Summit Avenue ' ,

0 " . L& 1 thrwgh 3, paial lot 4 -:Gity ' o f ' ' 'contractor,. not open to public; 25 ft. frontage.

t+ewcastle - city administytion offices, 45 ft. . Lots 13 thmugh 15'-'MichaePs Weston ' Cdunty Senior Citizens - senior,dzen center, . . , : building frontage, 95 B. parking lot frontage.

". padd 4, 5. 6 -,wedon , ~ ~ n ~ ' ,, . newsgaper, 25 ft:frontage. , ' 75 .B. frontage. This center active~y'.seives Law EnforcemeM.Center - Weston Co. sheriff ' ' , , several hundr& members in WeStOn County depalbnent, , hew&stle police ,department, with , transportation; meals, . educational,

@crealional, and social programs. ' , ", . . combined ,city/cpunty jail, and Wiston County ~ustice GOU~~,' 140 ft. Wtage. i ' , LO^ .16 - matt .and Tie Agency of.,.

'Newcastle; 'Inc. - title company, 25 tft.' ,hntage.

building are two $mall shops, The Coffee. King -'espresso bar; and U-Rdext Barber$ . barbershop. Cot 19.- M o d p Clbaners and Laundry - dry

'D Lob20 and 21 - First ,State Bank - parking , ' ,

" ld,50ft:hontageonMainand'130,R.on,N. . ~ . ,

Sumner. The.lot. Is landsc6lpsd on ks'twth and east Mrder with g i k , &w,. shrubs,

one on Main 'md'one on N. Senem : &e ' ,

located in @e landdped'area. ' ' ' ,

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Lot 7 -, Hansen and Peck Attorneys'- 'law ,

' ' t Lak8 thrwgh 1.2 - US. Government ~ post , '

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.&ice, I00 ft. fro on Main, 140 ft;, , .

er. Tlris red brick , .

cted in the 1,930's and is , .

., 'We&M& & \ ,

listed on the National Histonc Register.

,' ~ o t 13, piftial ~ b t .14, partial vac& street . Whiiey Law. Office + law .office, residential housing, 160.R. frontage.

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, , ' ' W:l7 and 18 - Dogie Theater. -.movfe . Lots'7%tx~gh 18.- WWon County'Libr& , .

. , theater, 50 ft. .frontage. A h located in !his . ' Weston.'County Cou~ouse, 300 ft. frontage. ' ' ' Soutti Sumner Avenue .' , .

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flowers,. Two d s e d m g benches ' . ' ' ' ,

native sandstone krti a'quany 'east 'of Newcpae and expanded in the early i i ~ s .

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. . . : ' , , The Weston County Goutthouse dat9 from ' ,

. , , : ' . - , ,1910 andnd is also ,constructed of native ,.

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1 Dly Cleaprs and Lawndj ' , ,

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m. 0 1 Hardwarestore

1 Appliance &ore' ' 1 Sporting (snowmobile dealership) ' . '

'0 1GraftsStore 0 I NovettiesStore

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,, . ,'. I Frame shoplSpecialty Ahque and W- . .

. , Garb, L8atherGoods. 1 Print and Sign Shop ~ , . '

0 ' 1 HomeD&otating.Store ' " . . .

I , . opportunities. A complge 41 estate inventory s h ~ l d contain the following infgrmation: . . 0 Physical condition, size,,sppcial features.' 0 Fast, current, and future uses. ' ,

' utilization . is it fully or p&i*.occupied, or, v&nt. ,

o ~desandrental&ts. ~ . 0 Ownership. , , ,

0 Slgnifc,ant &ratio& and @orical data. 0 Curr6nt. photo and, if possible, historid

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, , For this ,master plan, a visuqh investigation and ~ ' , sdtvey, of. West Main fmm. Summit Avenue to

inventory of these downbwn bbildings follows: . ' ' .

"The e$em most locks ' 'between Summit and Sumner$vanies - Blocks 8 and 9 -ah in little need of res&don.

oraanlzatiom'

0 1 ,Senior Citizens Center

.- Other . '

'1 Newspaper

BLOCK 9:

The westemmost building is the WS. Post Office Nifi in 1932 and recentry restored In"l999. The two brick buildings to the east of the Post Office, the Hansen and Pedk'Law Office, bui? in 1938, and the Newsletter Journal office, built 'in 1949, are. both in,,good condfon. and, again, positive features in downtown. Gabby's Food and Gas'on the eastem corner of this block, built in 1982, has

' b ~ With' planning downtwvn commerciar West .Main Street .. np ,histotical significance to the area; but is development the first p?O@ in ,planning ' , ' !mated on thls blackaretheWestonCqun$, representative of 'modem facilities, so pervasive downtown red estats'development is p study and C&thouse, buik in 1910, and the W w n County thrqughout the Unites States today. anaryte what already, exists. Hy downtown ' Libraiy, mtin, 1912: Both boildings have had buildings are used and describing their' condition subsequent addiths; The appearances' of both ' .

the.wmmunity. emomic role of buildings and hdw they,c9n be used to take' advantage of existi@ +d mre

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, ' 0 1 FratemalOrg@nization '. Railway Avenue took pl-.~., A black-by.block WestMain,Street :

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The prime area of concentration in this, survey was the blocks of West Main between Sumher ' ,

Railway Avenues. ' n e s e bI&k 'have

Some' Of this ,change .has 'been intentional modification; however, a significant, po&n area has been destroyed 'mi the years Fronting West Main, tw&e lots 25 ft. in wi

The ' kylts of the building' wwey ,fdilow and . . '

' " , . suggestet'action towards restoktion is detailed in the Design and Pianping Criteria Sedlon.

more' rnodem'faFade, or an entireiy dhrm , ' ' and. ltalianate styles Of the .late nineteenth century. , This newer commerci,ai style expressed building. According to cdmty.property records, a desire to simply atkhtectu

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~ , .the ,KN Energybui1diM.w standing w

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BLOCK~l0:

West Main Street In :December~ ~ 1998, this blbck suffered a

'. terrible loss from fire. . ' .

: me fire enveloped , . five tots . from' 'the,

comer of W. Miin ' '

and S. 'Seneca east to,Black Hills Printing

, , , and 'Signs. Historic photoQraphs reveal ,*at on mkt of these lots we@ wQ-stoly, commercial :

stn~~tures. 'All of these historic structures were West Main Stieet

1,mtduring'thefire. building (currently &pied 'by Black Hills .

Presently, the U p d i i 'building, built. in 1'%10, Newcastle; built in 1890. This ' building ' has, of Newcastle ( 1 9 5 ~ ,'dominates this block. Covering thke lots,' the Updike building is a two-story stone building,' built

undergone manychinges. Inklatly, this building ' ' Michael's Weston County Senior Center (t94i ,, in what appealty to'be a Mediterranean Revival ~ '

extended 75 ft. in width, Buic in'the ltalianate 1945). Some of these bUWings have had fa@& style as.a two-story brick building, it had large, ratterations,' for example,^ the wood, paneling Me. It was originally very symmetrical in design, , .

,covering the east building "of the Senior center. , , but. now is ,a prime exhmple of, .storefronts , , 6xp&sive windows:on the m$n ROor and OR the

,second 'story W W decorathe, PunChed ' , ' HGeWr, &e building the Senior replaced with modem infills. , ' ,' windows and, decorathe, cornices.. The middle Center remains vlltually untducheb from its

poion of this building was destrWI by fire in the , Q&nal conStnrctian in 1945,. Its ,storefcont, ' . 1980's. 'Historical records are unclear 8s to , . &lag& plate glass:wi&ws.and a t m n m J$ , '

East,of the Updike builbing is a gas stakin dating from 1,952. Originally, this Was the location 'of an whether the Bastemmost two-story ' builang glm block, still remains a a hi-, reminder. ' . , ".even older, historic gas station:. No'longeibeing The building is representative ,of the commercial

, .used for,, its, driginal pulpose, ,this ha stamling today (KW Energy) is part of the origkal

undergone'trem&dous change over the pears. construc$d in 1920. , ,

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with t i i ~ exception &,the Dike Theat3 (1951), a tytc-story brick structure in good condition;the

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Beginning .on the 'end of b i d , the ' ';,.'remainder, of,the buildings this, b[@$ afe one-, , . .

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Mo@aga].'.w@ o@fna[b the First Bank'..of . include M&m Cleaners and laundry (1@9), '

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I , . First Bank. of: Newcastle buiiding. and ', , , styledmlopedin thew+ . .

subsequently remodeled and, r e i j r i c ~ with ' a, ' pkbhie to the fu , .

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Sen& - the grade is much lower than the. . ,

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city of Newcastle.

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' .. . TM ,only 'utilities sidewalk. ri, ,

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Main Streel seems out of scale to the surrounding sewers, . '.buildi,ngs, ,Its width overpowers the low building

profile. af downtown. There are no s€reet,trees to , '

hap break ,up .the expanse of concrete by adding a vertical element to the Streetscape. . , ,

Parking' , , _ ,

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i 'excsption' of S. Seneca, ~ I I on-street '

in4he study area is parallel. Thefleast side of S. Seneca has diagonal 'parking. On- street parking is noi metered. mere, are ,no public, off-streel parking. lots, but a handful of the

' , business@ in the study 'area do: have customer '.

i@ -' both $a&, Michael's Senior 'Center, and . . Black Hills dental' Gmp, , A h , 'a laue lot is locat&' between the courthouse and 'city adfinistraflonoffices. ' ,

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west "n and '

.Ail 'streets in the ' , ' study area ha& two-vvay traEi. The side streets

are two-iane; West !&in ls.'four-lane. Generally,' " . there'is a free Row of trafic @rough dbwntawn;

however, trains crp ing West Main just west of ' , . '

R m a y Avenue can,.d times, cause sQme. minor, ' ' W Mam Streg Ga& a lo0 R. swath (iciudes '

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dghtd-way) through the healt of downtbwn. The street slop& upward from Railway its-eastem :origin at Summit. "me hillside at mebeginning of . , : WYOOT repow the ' 2&hour traffic , , . Most blocks have'iights near each qmer and

as 3,670 vehicles. ' . anofher bated mid.blockl The lights, mounted ' WYDOT 20-ykr projections- (based on',:,& 1,994, , , '. , on wood poles, are very utilitarian in appearance;

however, fhe number of lightk seems adequate for .constructed in the 1980% Newcastle's dwntown tr$mc count study tit the lnter$ectiod West Main

&ma& the fly of traffic to grow to 5,670 Yehides per day, by 2020. between Summit Avenue to the east and Seventh

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' . Webt Main was terraced mPlam,wf i , ' "vdume for 1998 on West Main '.

',. '.was'onthe,main roubof.U.S. HighwW8. Tfi? , and Seneca and adjusted by a factor of 1.61, . . nluminatingdowntownatnight. .. ~ .~

' , .trees: and shrubs. . UM' a bY-pasS' .'

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, . , . , . , ,. by-pass,,now, mutes tramc 'south 'of d o w n t k

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, . 'streef t0,ti-i w e i t west Main .remains on the

rchovai and street sweeping, is handled by , . the

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, . , , highway system and is'~paintalned and Wovated ' the ~heets are' fairb id . , , , ition.. One . ,. ,''

: , ' by WYDOT. 'Minor maintenanm, such as. , . '

problem a@ wp, .on the notthhside of West . , Main in the-block.belween Railway Avenue and M. , . , , ;

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, ' , ft. to 12.R; Some boulevgrds, separating the walk , . ~. , ,

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from the street, are l&bd in the predominately ' , . residential areas. The sidewalks are in fair to

, There is lime in the way or'ahracrive signage in ' 'good bfiKdion, " limh,'apd a:,hlgh voiume.of. train traffic flows . , ' downtown. Some business& lack signs, ' .

abgeiher, s h e are painted sheets of P ~ W O O ~ sporadidfy placed, outdoor attach4 to the building. The downtown district is benches downtown - on the courthouse grounds; not well designated from the Highway 16 bypas , , in front of Michael's Senior Citizens, at'the Bank

of Newcastle parking lot, and by the Comer Bar ' . , The& concrete benches commemorate 'the,

centennial celebration of Newcastle's township: At one time, there were parking meters on West' Main; the poles from these meters remain and are

' ~ ' ?ow ,topped by metal horse. heads. Whisky '.barrel planters are also loeated along Main Street. ,The mly bicycle rack downtown is located at the

There are few. outdoor spaces, within the"study , '

area for people to,'socialize, rest, or watch the cod . : bui[di& , , ' world go by. m e tourthou& gmunds are the. have level , , best example' of a. pleasant outdoor space. The

gpss is well .maintained, there.are trees and ' .

'nose a,rs soma benches, as well as interesting features do have altername . ' _ st& ,as ' the =brans' . . heporial and entriwwith .ramps. commenoratii fountain area. The landscaped ' '

f , Siwalks are 12 I perimeter d First' Natibnal Bank's parking I$ on .' R. wide on 'Weat. Main 'Street, also offers 'some 'pedestrian , ,

Main. These ,hospitpitality. Two benches are recessed from the 'sideyaks 'szBrt at traffic area of the sidewalk and the. 'grass and-

plai-jtings are well maintain&. '. , , the .curb' a0d

extend to' building fronts. Walks on

', ,:the side ,streets vary in width from.!?

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. , Newcastle has'three train Mossings within its city

through town daily - 60 @ 75 trains. .?he majority of th&e traitis haui.'coctl. from fields west and south b Newcastle and are bound for midwestem and.eastem power plants. ,.

.,The Burlington Nolthem train'yard and,sfation are located just west ,of Railway on the swth side of Main. T r a c k w w West Main at this location. A . small park With picnic tables and playground equipment, 'loceted on:the-east s i of the tracks, somewhat 'buffers the train' yard !om the. ,

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' Most sunrey miondents , araa to be safe for and biwlist hafie

L in regard to Satety from automabile traffic and

. criminal,stawm bear this oln

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&)d Indeed traffic'incident and. . .

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' , ' ' only one &ntmlled in@r@on on West Main and ' . ' hM'f ibib , . entrance. ' '._ ' '

' ' downh.'busi~e&,@istrict' ' '

. . with its width, h s s i m the k d i i u l t fo r , .

, . , , children, elderly, and handicapped individuals. , ,

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Existing Conditions hb Economic ls$es , , '

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. , downtown area and a loss bf tradelmarket share to other communities. .,

As noted previdudy, most of the original historic, , "

buildings, are 'gone,, and number 'of those: . , '

remaining have undergone faqde changes '-

, misguided attemps to imprwe or,modemize the, . ,

undqutiiized ,or empty ,buildings cr&e visml

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E. Defining a District ' ' ,

A 'number of items ipterplay to create' a defined sense, of place or an identifiable district By , ,

building on the downtown's special ,qualities, a , ' community cao differentiate the distriot h m other budnes' and shopping ,within' the ' look of ' the bulldings. Vacant lots ,'and ' , ' ,

marketplace. Defining factom indude:

U' Physica,cohe&eneSS and location. disMct in need of rev@hation. I

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I , gaps :and ,reinforce the perception' of business

. . . . 0. Commercial cohesiveness.

P Aesthetic aFd historical cohesiveness.

The physipl dimension or sizt; ,of .New&stle's , '

CI Architectural ,cohesiveness. , ,

downtown is readily definable due 'In a large p$rt. to the course and features of West Main. 'The

and a distinct ending - the railroad crossing just

are short and there ,remains a density of buiklings:

of interest may be located ther-4 - not effectively

Downtown retains,a portion of k historic identity~- a center Of commerce -'since it remains a hub for

of 'shopping andsacialiing. This didn't happen

development taking place largely outside the . ' . , . , , I

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, , . . street has a distinct, beginning at Summit Avenue , '

.west of Railway Avenue. Addtionally,. the,blocks

'To the outsider, however; '4he route to gowntown is not readily discemable and its features - what

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government, finatice, and a good concentration of services. It has Idst its'.deflning identity In .terms ,. , ,

overnight, but rather a slow, but W y , decline weir a number of pars with local commerciaf

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, .. ExistingCondjtiions and,Economic Issues

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visible ' signs .%at something. .is happening

Storefront' buildinas - traditional buildinas wth A,, ,Design'Ovewiew " , ' , downtown. , . . ' . . ,

Good design is one of the key elements to an effedie downtown revitalization. Design involves improving the downtown's image by enhancEng its physical appearance and functionality - not only in regard to the buitdings, but also the streets, streetlghts, window displays, parking areas, signs, sidewalks, promotional materials, and all other elemants that convey a viaual message about the downtown and what it has to offer.

large display GYindows on the ground flour and one or more stories above - am the basic units of downtown commercial areas. Storefront buildings were, and still are, designed to facilitate retail activity. large expanses of glass on the ground Roor allow pedestrians to look into shops and see displayed merchandise. Recessed entryways blur the distinction between the sidewalk public space and the private space of the stores, giving shoooers ths imtxession that the store is a sen;i&iic spye'; therefore, inviting them to m e in and browse around. The long, nanm shapes of storefront buildings make it possible to

B. Design Elements s

group a large number of sqs on one block, thus prwlding a great number oflposgibilities and hioh interest to shoppers as they balk down the street.

A great deal of scholarly study has taken place to idenw and quantify what elements contribufe an werail qreat downtown commercial district - a . .

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With the: development of outlying cknmercial ' areas, shopping malls, a 4 the ability of local -citizens 'to. travel to tjthei'.commun%des, 'many

place w.h6&.peopl,e want to spend time and money. The following @ems ,dl 'play their contribufirig part.

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, . 'downti& districts d&lided into ,stat& of disrepair. . 'Some buildijg owrllers' tried to ,mddemke the look of their building by'installing ' .

slipcovers Over the building. fafpde, installing ~ a ~ f a c t w s i d in the 8- of a d&ntom

. hwe signs, fiiling (0 windows, or.imitating a ph~ny commercial distrid - merchandbing skills, tiispic theme - aii, ettorts that prove ineffectual in accurate marketing,' and . availabilii of 'terms 'of athacting customers and. ' really merchandise. But, improvements in storefront ,disastrois in tefms of a wmmunty's .heritage, design - wlpther a minimal ~rbnwation of new uniqueness, and &rat1 aesthetics:

C. Buildings ' , r~ ~. ,

' . , , . pairit or a full-scale ?toration - are often the first , ,

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Regardless of age, almost all downtown , ' commercial buildings' are, composed of ' three,

@sic elements:'!he 'storefmt, upper faCade,'and cornice.

0 The storefront.' The @orefront is'the ground floor section of the front fGade. 'It typically contains glass, display windows .with

' ' .bulkheads or kick plates below the windows , ; that p d # e protection from glass breakage

and elevate 'merchandise. to "eye' level for '

' ,pedeshians looking inside. Many storefronts have, transoms above the display windows. Transom windows filter light into the ground- floor space., A structural beam spans the stmfrant opening, supporting the weight ,of .he upper fawde. s some times, the structural

. beam is .exposed on the outside of the building and might be'decoratg or used as a

In other instances, ' a decorative, cornice running the width d the storefront opening ,might conce the'structural beam.

0 The ubwr facade. The area above the ground-floor opening - upper fapde - contains both wail material (typically brick, wood, or stucco) and windows. Upper fagde

. . , , windows, a y 'usually arranged.. in even horizontal ws, sometimes apxntuged by horizontal, bbks of 'a contrasting, building ' material.

P The corhlce. A decorative cornice caps the entiefqade - storetront,?nd upper facade.

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. ' background ,for, sign ., lettering.

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.~ , Design and Planning Criteria

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into' separate bays,. reinforcing the overall

P w. Almost dl downtown buildings abut @sidewalk. , , .

0 &. ,The use :of' color, throughout' the commercial district , shwld be hafrnoniok For instance, a bright red or biue building 'is not haimonious with a 'downtown district chposed &primarily, subdued, earth-med

~~proportions'oi the streetaape: , ,

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colors.

U-y meninas. Doors and window openings throughout the downtown area, and especially in adjacent buildings, are relatively constant. m e height ' of Smnd-floor, windows ' is. also somewhat ,constant, reinforcing a sttong, 'horizoqtal. relationship

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The wmi& might be made of elaborate .

wood moldings (wmmon during the federal ,

or ,Victorian periods),. pressed metal, term ' .

giving . the hiiding , visual b.rniination,, the ~ ~ t n i i som&mes ,conmals gutters and . , .

facilitates roof drainage as well:

components help make' ' t compatible with surrounding buildings,. the wh&'block, and the

nner in which' the patterns 'of storetronts, , ' .a Roof . shaw or profile. is, and cornices weat 'flwh one whether lat,~ gable, hip, or 'sohe other style,

building to the next along a Street ghtes the whole , , , should be consistent and repeat a strong , I. rhytem of,design style along the street. streetscape visual tohesiveness ,and,' creates 'a

These. elements - storefront, upper fawe,' and physic81 Mrn that pdd.eS OrienMon to ' '

comice ,+ lend-visual cohes'keness to'starefront pedesManS .and, motorists. A building, that is ; 1f.a st&mt, is, ,re&@; be ,done buildings.. and & be found, .in 'downtown , incongm,Ws with its 'neighbors itl h&M, d O r , ' ,amentica& and not artificially altered to fjt into , ,

eomrnercia! buildings ffUiI any period Of AmeIb3n . '

roof profile, Or Setback Mil have a SignKcant , , Some' historic theme. ' Mareo,vet, ,imitation negative impact on we entire blcck. , . . . maprials such ,vinyl, plastic, artificial stone, or . ,

brick. veneer that ,mimic, the authentic materials .',

history. , Each lement is closely relatx-to the oihers and. together they '&Me a balanced. ' , ,

architectural composition. The significance of ' ~ , 'Cl ,&$ht and wPdth, The propOrtion,of height ' , should never be used. These imitations fool no

restoration. Minor, but authentic, renovations will go huch further. Historic pr&ervgtidn should not

the composition of ' i n d i @ ~ I buildings., ' '

, . enti* district. . between upp4?r-story windows along a block. m a , brick, br other materials. 'In addition to , . .

Roof' profiles, . '

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'these &men% goes .iqotx~ qeir impariqe to' ' ,to Width Of 'mod buildings is mktfvek , "one and dilute comp(e@ly the intent of the constant' Wde bulldings are usually divided

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, , Regadless, of :age, a . gowntown's building , .

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Design and PlanningCriteria ' ' . ,

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be c6nfus.d with ttwcreation of historical images.. Buildings should reflect their true age and their , ,

ominal style

In some qitricts, most df the buildings were built around the seme time period. In others, buildings we.re Construded or remodeled dvsr the course of time. If buildings in the'downtown'dlstict vary in age, and somewhat in style, there'can be greater , ,

flexiMlily in new 'development. However, new '

mst~ctiw Should be "sympathetic 'to earlier consttuhuction 'and' particularly to 'neighboring, buildings. While style need not be identical - ,

shwltl definitrnly contain similar characteristic3 of , , fom;style,&kpe; and materials, .Old, medlum -

aged, and new buildihs can reside hhoniousiy downtqwn and each contributes record of the business district , .

streets, ,or the reverse, wide streets and 'low ,

buildin& do 'not make, us comfortable. Human . , .

beings have a physioioglcal, biological, and anthropotoglcal' heritage; we' don! want to be dwarfed by,our built environment, nor left exposed

to heir sufroun~ngs. Many notable ' W t s stand in

, ' contrast to neighboring streets by virtue of being longer, widec, narrower, straighter, or .WWler. Great streets usually have a distjnct banning ,and ending, be it a ,ha1 point dr B side street.

think downfown has 'what they want, not b&use of a shortage of parking ,spaces. The downtown's economic problems rarely have anything to do with parking. Almost all downtowns, have underutilized'parkhg . . areas.

U The bdlef that a customet Will noi shop , ' downtown unless he, or she can park in

hht of a s k i f l c business. At shopping . mdis,' custQmers typically park kmer away

from the stores ,mey intend to visit than they would downtown. Furthermore, customers who shop downtown .only .,because, of its convenience are just,a fraction of all potential

0 Parkinu 'isn"t . . the, citv's responsibi!itv or @n&selv* tkrkina Isn't the merchant's

' ' responsibilitv. . Parking is. a shared Parking is' offen the scapegoat for many of the downtown dstricrs probl@ms, ,In .red&, p&ng ,'

responsibilii, and both sectors have a role to plays a suppodve role - n d a leading role -'in Influencing, people's decision about where to 'shop. In order to be S ~ c c e ~ s f o l , downbkn . u me belid dowritowh emplovefs

, ' businesses must provide tke goods and services won? walk a short distance from a mrkinq '

customers want and be able to adapt to changing lot or swce ti their work places. ', Unless Streets-prbvide'the FOutes,'to and through the marketconditions., , downtbwn employees understand the

' ' importance of leaving convenient parking spaces open for'custorners, this may be true. clean, facilitate a flow of traffic, apd 'be safe .for

,' The Natimal' Trust ,fcf Historic' Preservation "

idnt ive . (and disincentive) programs, the motorist, bicyclist, and pedesbian.. . identifies ,the,foiiowing misconceptions regarding ' ,

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. . coqhd with education, can reverse downtown employees' resistance to using A great.&et is appropriately scale&for human ' pa*ng: " .,

more remat+parking areas. :' , , codort. There are places where we just feel safe and.comfortabie, and this feeling of safety and . . 0 The belief that mde d I) not shoo

.. comfort is quantifiable. Streets ne'ed'to be in Dowkown parking should adequately meet the needs of customers, merchants, employees,

scale, with the sundunding buildings.. In terms of p k ~ . ' ~f people., aren't shopping

viSiik, and residents. It should be regulated to downtown,,@ is probabiy b e p s e , . they don't ': street design, tall buiklings combined.with narrow :

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smets gie., order and

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' ' downtown ,shoppers. , , color, height, setba&,~etc, shbuld all M in. New

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construction in a,' highly homogenous distrid E. . Parking ~~

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D. Great Streets

business diict. sheets must be ,smooth and ' .. , . ,

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Design'and Planning C@eria' . , ' ,

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encourage turnover of customer'spaces and to discourage abuse by Iohg-term parkers: Parking, must, be handicapped accessible and should be located in plam'that provide satisfactory accesS

. publicity on parkkg locations through'merchant advertising, downtown p&ng maps, or parking lot signs, to be effective, parking regulations must be,fair, and they must be enforced. , ' to' ddwntoinl, shops,, offices, residences, and

recreation areas. . , ,

In order.to direct.motorists to available, parking, There are theoretically 'many ways to.' design

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'lots,shouM be well designated by .means of signs parking, to,meet these objectives, ,but it is critical ' , that ,we clearly identified and easy to understand. n6t .to destroy the cqmmerdal character .of the , , Parking lots' must be friendly and promote a downtown in the 'process of creating ,parkiRgg, . , sense of bmfo&ble, linkage from the parking lot Storefront buildings web designed for cimmercial , . to commercial'district. Lots should be located as activity, .and their physical ,shape and ' , existing ,off-street parking has been ,exhausted. conveniently-as possible to me commercial core characteristics reinforce this purpose. The.rhythm . ' There may be 'several locations thrwghout the and must be well' maintained, well-lit,,safe, clean,

and,landscaped to encourage Use. of storefront openings along the %eet c r e w a downkn with enough space to recruit parking powe~fd Visual 'image that consumers recognbe ' 'fcr a few .to several vehicles. These spaces may and , associate wi th wmerdal @". ' . only need to hdeaned-up and well designated. parking lots have great potential for use beyond ' , '

Destroying these design,' charactedsh, for ' ' , , . . ,parking cars. Special community events, such as instance, tearing d6wn a cornmedal building mid- On-street . parking spaces ' should incburage dances, festivals, flea markets, and fanners block to install ,'a' parking lot, . dilutes the , , short-term ,parking -up to twp hours for Instance - markets are all com.patible uses that"wil1' get downtown's conimerdal @@veness and and be used by customet~ making short MpS. people dbwM&n and familiar ' with 'parking defeats the purpose of creating parking S p a m . location and ,availability. . Free parking, during .Once a 'building is gone, the Potential'. for , , accommodate long-term parkers better that on- majof prornotiimal even& such as parades, is a

streetpatking; ': ,given to' fostei community gocdwill 'and support for both, the special event in,. .pa&ular and q e

redevelopment and commercial @ivi$ is W gonL

Many Hmes, a ,community does 'have adequate space 'devoted to parking which ,goes unused. And many times, the most Convenient Parldng, which should be resewed for the w m e r and handicapbed individual, is abuse& New.off@r&t parking should only be develoeed after ' a ,

thorough SUdY Of available space versus demand, '

.has taken place and 'every $fad to improve', . , '

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, . . ' To wisely manage downtown parking issues, a downtown district ingeneral. parking regulation k id education program may be in okter: C i officials and dowr@wn busiw , ,

' p ~ p h need' to assess types of enfowmept.or -incentives they are willing tp invest in to make the most of ,available parking resources. No matter the final formula. metered parking, marking tiras,, , signs , designating' fimlimit& ', p&ng

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seeetscape amenities a150 offer a supportive mle D'the commercial activities bf downtown. They should never detract from , , the, economic role of . ,

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these buildings house. Their. purpose. is to , .

. , Good DowntoWn Districts:

I3 Have lots of people in them,:

'. provide elements of physical 'Cwnfort, safety, and : aestheticaiiy and ' functioneliy enhance 'the

, , 'P Are physically comfortable. 'The stfeetscape provide for warmth and sunlight ' ,

n it is cgoi, coolness ana shade when it is and wind p M o n - buildings and ieq .piaced correcHy d@t'cregt@wind

m e pedestrian is not alone, not crowded, and is safefmm vehicies. , ' "

u AIw for ' leisireiy,' ibfe ,walking. beWeer.the public and private space of , ' , ' dir&ionwPthin thedowntown, SkJhsmust . ,

direct traffic to dWhtown, wkhin downtown, and ,overaU rhflm'must be maintained when ' ' to p~king, and to'spyial attractions.. Roads dlesigning crosswalks; SldeWalks, parking to, , . . , . ' ' lining 'downttwq to :other ueas should: be : business walks, 'lighting, seating," trash , , well thought ' out., . Signage 'should tie ,receptacles, , bcyde parking, dtinking . , , ' compatible and refl$l d.thg downtown's fountains, tmh receptacles,, and plant' ' ,exisfihgchara&ristics. ' , '

makiiais. ~ r a d i i m ~ i ~ ~ ~ the goal of' public imdrovements was to create' k 'comfortable , ., 0 , pmic lmprmmnts should be i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . , ,

' ' environmed'for people to stroil thmugh and browsi, in shops, Today the goal remains. '

valid, channe5 people into retail shops,'

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' . . downtwri. -'The'qpality of physical linkage

o Provide i e i s o h ~ y paced aito,movement.

0 Have smooth and dean stre€&

U Have well maintained Wshrubs .

0 Have clean shops' and ' buildings - not boarded up empty spaces. Buildings should

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have open hd inviting entrances and arfful. '

window displays, Even ,empty ,storefronts should still have displays of ,, wares, ' for.

, ' instance, works of i d arfisans and artists.

Have many buildings, rather than few. More buildings give ' , more diversity. More paNcipank in arld contributors to the: street , ,

translates, into more owners , , with an . ,

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. . &ommunQ. 'All downtown' districts should . ' . over- o i at the expense uf - pMd@tion ' . , by large numbere of smaller actors.

Great dreetscapes help the eye. move 'and be , , engaged with different.surfaces, lighf quality, and

A ,nukber of factors add

bdng.differenl people to the distdct. St0reS;. faFades inter& the' eye. -'Building

~ restaurants, and libraries dl Play a role.!! fhe , hte&t.the eye,. i+,,,:shiny'glas in , ,

' . windows.and doors catch.8ie. light and indicate vitalii of downtown. , .

li, &re, apd inter&. Windows offer a ,glimpse , , ' , , of what lies, beyond the:street%uilding' wall

Comple;ity aesthetically pleasing windows.,

.added to 'cleanliness,,, further 'captivates the '

0 Pay attention to dekis, Am'&$ such as. Great commercial' distkts are generally not , ' , gates, fountains, benches, kioslu;, speciab . ' P' Have people living along or nearby: These

paving, ckoratiye lighting, and storbffot~t dwellings help achieve active urban aleas at characterked by stand ,out architectural wonders. all time ofthe day. ' ., , , , ' , Buildings should not me, but should be

respect tor one canopies,,&., must be wetl'thought out and' well placed. Additionally, good design must

another, paftlCularly in -height. Features to help employ quar i .mHermb, dem.fmd qU#@ U Are designed for "people: &her: than

hold, buildings together include '', mdreflals 'of construcfion, window style, shutters, color, .and .

construCti6nn, an@ .p@de for reasonable ~ . . automobiles. ,, .,

maintenance. Skimping by substituting veneer or inferior materials for the, real #ins - ' ,me athibuttes of fineness and density play a

style.'There shouldn't be gaps in building s,pacing, thin brick veneer for standard b k k .or ' s ignifim yie in downtown 'aesign; there should ,. . anodized aluminum for steel, broke, or iron - ,be much to 'k++ and do in a very $mall area. and generally, the ' ,less horizontal ~ spacing

between buildings, the 'greater the greet . ' should never be considered. When budgets ~

are limited, qualrty 'construction with more . fineness and complication; they may. be auto definition. common materials is always , . a better bet. . I friendly, but ere cold and boring t6 the pede$trial.

,In.many communities, the trenc,to large scale Outdoor seating and, gathering places should not 0 Offer accessitjilnYi Not.'only along the hbt , ,, means fewer buildihgt;;'few&r intersections, and onlyprovide &View of the surroundings, but.also ' ,

6ut also to and frm the street. It should bfi , .,greater distance, between, intersectiws. ;This should .&r'a' sense of comfoff and secunty - '

" ' econotiiic a k e in and responsibility for the district ," , ' ' , , .

Have distinct beginnings,and endings. Start , " Ct Are well, designed. then well Cared for - aM stopping points, as well as 'destinations ,. , 'continually.

, . provide for universal accessibility. . . . .

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complexity, . , ' along.tfie'way, are well'defined, , '

. . ' . ' . 0 Havedivkrsity. Dlffefent.things and options exityto the street scene.. Buildings with ,

, , , offices; ' church&, schools, , mwies, materials that reflect, rather than absorb, light , '

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, . U Have artfully conceived signs. ' ,' ',

, . , havepublicrestrooms. , ~ ,

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0 Haveadensiiyalddimrsity of land use. ' 'shoppet: ', , ' . , , . , , ,,

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. ' ' complementary and ,'

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. ' Large-scale buildings and, ,'long blwks lose , ,

easy to: fnd from .other parts '.of 'the ' , :publicpdicyandactionfavorsbignes~ . ,

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likely, to ,be stcwssful and appropfiate. ' A .' B. Main Strikt'Approach ' ,

. . downtbwn rev i@kWs ultimate goal is geared

.' its base of small businesses:

A. Why Plan For Econ,omic " ,

, . Development , ' . . , , toward stretlgtheniig,'expanding, and diersifying . ' ,

"in IQR, co&m@ about continuing threats to ' trar~bna~ commercid architecture in Communities ire in competition with one another. .me first step t o w a ~ formulatilig. a' economic ' economimlb sluggish' . downtowns across

deve[opmer(action plan is to 's& measurable America, the Nationid Trust for Historic Those towns, cities, metropoban areak, and . .

: objec#vg+. Economic objectives need t0,'be Pr&enration launched the Maiil Wet Project. dates that do .not plan, lose. A small commuky

The @&-year demonsWon project was time of their achievement can be determined, and designed td study the reasons ~owniowns were planning for economic development to be a . .

daunting or perhaps even overwhelming task progress tohard achievement can be measured. dying, to identify the many factors that have an impact on 'downtown health, and to dkelop a

However, ' ',many exampes ' o f SudcessrUI Typically @e& objecwles fall underthe auspices ' comprehensbe .revit&&n stratelly that wwld

downtown, redVlopm&t projects do exist and Wunder$ng framem!+ of these succ86ses is :,bt broad goals such as i0a Meabbn, bb r w f J h , . & and revive hi@& Wmmercial building and

tax-base creation, increaie in propetty V~WS, re&.&omic health. .quantifiable. By unders$nding some basic economic development principles and by retention of weatth, . reduction ,of pojerty,

etonomic stability, and ewnomic sdf&chcy. what became dear' over the. threeyear period following the tried and true guidelines'of other

was the importan& of a coordinated, incremental down- revitMiation projects, a doable

process involving: By' focusins ewnkmii development on retention approachfor Newca.de can be formulated. of wealth through , , p m n of local savings,

TWO tiasic facts of economic ,~velopment efforts. investment, and entrepkneurship, the other bfoad ' U ptcommiment to good design. goals will naturalb'fail i@ PI&.. As budnesses . ,

that emerge timg and tithe again are: . . ' develop which provide products and seMces to a o A committed orgenizatlon with a program 0 fvlost ~UcceSSful em om^ ', devalopment' '

, broader spectrum of *' marketplace, pbs be manager to serve as mtalys! for change. . , wes from w m the'communttfrather than . ' , , . created, property .values will 'increase, and the

local economy win become more ?W and self- from ettwctioii of new businesses,

srtffim. Fundsthat once ,flowed out of the created by smatl community tor tisic needs w i ~ then b,availabb, businesses rather than by hrge,corpOrafbn~.

~. ,

such ,as ~ewcastle 'may feel the .prospect' of , measurable by thew they can be achieved, the

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, 0 . Q u W promotional programs.

.n ~ o s t new jobs 0 Economic rest&ring through str&gthening and diversifying the'existjng economic base

ice the initid program, ow 1,500 Main street pmjeas have been suq&sfuliy implemented'

. ' , for reinvestme~inthelmleco~my., , of downtown. . , ~ 0 t h of these facts ark encowaging for a small , . , , ,

, . community and make a great deal of sense. No., one bows their community needs '@tter tharl its Own citizenry;' .thefore, 'mmmunlfy driven ec6nomic development. activities are the moat

: Economic kcqmmendations

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~ throughout the U n M Stafes. , , ,

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,, 'con@n~ction.cmfI and. style cannot be replicated today -I or genuinely imikted. Main Street, m o n s must ~ e c t this high level' of 'quality . to reinforce the ,downtawn's special characted@cs.

, ' comprehenshre' approach consisting. df ' ' 3- Publiirivate ,,palt;lership. is needed to

. . knomic strakgies. , . ' ,

, , . . commercial .buiidings ,are kshaping 'he . ' commun&'s 'identii , tySd ' explaining its

qnique'history. '~tmgbgpeop~S attia~ies - dekonstrating that positive change is taking place downtown - is central to a

. successfiit downtown revi$litation program.

.make meaninghri, long-tem downtown &ong orga&ational base, "and solid : . revitalhatio~, possible., ,.To make a . " ' . existing asssts. Egch community i§ unique,

d&ntown revitelization program successful, ' , and :'each downtown ' has specid ,both public afki enWi% must be " C ~ ~ ~ ~ S U C S ihai set it apart fntn others. invoked because neither Can bdog &put ~ , ',By creating a &ng revitalization 'effort

' , based on the downbkn's uniqwherltage, change alone. ' ,

' ' '

The ' b ' b tix.su& ,of the Main, street ',. I ,

approach.& Its .comprehensive nature.. Inaddition . .

to the above four points, the Main 'st., appmch ,

a i o on eight principles;

1 . The . Main sheet,,' .approach is a ,

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u g h Improvemenb, eff&e marketing, a-. ' ' 5., 'The Main'& progmm 'foduses on

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,. . : . 2 The IvlaitV&bt apprdach relies'on quabty.;

Downtown ' a r c h i r e teas the 'histoly Of ' '

' ' each local Main street'pWt'@n crecltes an ' ' urgan@timal structure that butlds , on its , .

S. ,~aitistmetisaself-twlpprogram. ~ m o u t ,

,. . downtown. ' . tt~e local aimtnukis will to succeed and .d&w .to viork 'hard to create change, no downtown" revitaliion program will ' , '

.

o w r i s K C i f i C o p p O ~ i l ~ . , . ' ,

+ercial , "areas ' :. , ' ,

have: . . ' made .succeed. ., Grant programs help fund '.

sh@. and ,. , , . , ' pi- 0f.M Work plan, but Withwt,loml . .

. ' initiative, ,the Main strest approach WIN not . ,

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7\' The Maln Seeet approach is.i&rWtW in' . ' nature. Downtwn dlsbih dWnot lose

' economic etmgth &&hight and So neither m it be regwed overnight . me' b i n .street apptuach relies w, a serles,of small 'mprovements thg b@n to change pubUc ,attitud& about the. downtown maMng the,

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. . downtown's,historic. . ' , , .

8.

R Failure to work on ail four points of the Main . .

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d Failure to hire a program manager. Without a

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0 k c r u i i g . new bubinesses to kmpiement P it should.build on icca,aasets, value, and" ' , ' . b Retali'&tivity is an lmpbrtant component of the dhntown's retall and s6wice m k t o identity. Because each Commuhity he a . sll successful downtowik. By promoting the

unique physicai :image and historic: identity - 'uniquenw'of its physical environment and dten expressed through distinctive buildings; the senrice and customer commitment k

boost the downtown's 'overall market

its mmedd .ma is different irom,.a~t " businesses repre&t, the Main street df&3iWlesS.

0 Finding new or'better use^ for un~erusq,or ' , others. By 'building on the downtown's ' > ,program .can position the ,downtown as a . '

vamt downtMNn buildings. . , , ' specisl quaiitis, ' a .coninunity . can viable'retail shopping area. differentiate the .district from other'shopping

' ' R Deve!qing appropriate i&nW pmgrams to areas withi ,the rnarkeipkce and use it' D .'Service ,,&d professional businesses, have , ,

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, . traditionally,, as: h& ret&il, been a .majar component of: downtown commercial areas.

' , ' R It should mdmize 'hidden, undervalued .For the& bud-. there are a numbei of 0. Repositioning' 'the downtown in the potentlqi.' The asseff inherent in downtown . ' advantagesto the dwvnp& location such as

.' marketplace and effectively promoting it. building and businesses represeni great . . proximity to post office, financial institutions, economic potenbl that can be maximized 'retail stores, and other pmfeaionai offices.

'. For retailers, thtjse businesses ~rqment a 'core '@ 'captive" customers and in turn

rhtwgh the Main, street program.

provide retailers with pqximity'to professional , . , . . , .. , ,O It shouid.be integmlly.Bnked to promotion and SQrviCes. .: ' , , , . design actiw., promtionai activities and

programs mu@ reflect the best ,market stmtegy for the downtown, and therefore, h Restaurants sewice d&n workers and must be based on a thorough undershdiq penons who' me d o w n t h bemuse af , , .its

.projects mu& take piace in conjunction with the ablli of business owners to pay ,the 0' 'Residential housing areas in i d around the higher rents kiWestment. usually genemtes. , ' downtown can provkle busine&'wtll a

. , , , .. For this m, such pmj@s.mu&,be tied to market for convenience k s , - fowls, overall downtown sconomic~gmwh ' , , pharmaceuticals, dry cleaning services, etc.

Downtown business a d can' be put to use for ' o ' ~ninciai institutions, in many cases, tiah miny economic functions ' - mtail .act~vty, made substantial investmen&, , in Mi ~ .

. and paint out @ible strategies for change, professional offices, financial i n s ~ O n s , service , ' buildings. Bank ar2 often the most ',businesseS, restauwnts and a r c h i r a l l y sighficant structures in the

.community. . ' , . gokmment, housing, and light industry,

" , stimulate commercial and real , estate . . uniquenessasamarketiqtod. . . development

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o Oeveiophg longtem'economic bevelopment , . strategies, for. the downtown's Continued evolution.. .

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As hall other areas of the Main Street '&)roach, ' , ' , , economic restrycturing is'an incrirnentai precess that is gradual, wd~ planned, wprehensive; and

. . of the local economy. Mi improvement special,chgacter and unique.settings. , . ' in@ves public and p M e sUppoit.' ' ,

The goals of economic structuring are as folws: . .

0 it shouM becMnmunity ddven and supported. No one undemnils the mmunity, better than its own residents. While outside ansuitants can help idenFfy eqnomic trends

the^ community itself must decide which directions to pursue and 'identify the'

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strategies that will work . , W. , , .

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owners may be unwilling to invest in major

, . they are convinced that the program' will en& them to ren t ' rehw property more . ,

easily. . However, until buildings are ' ' improved, commercial activity is unlikely to

' ' ' accelerate. ,,Therefore, .small property ' impqemenksuqh as new paint, signs, ' ' ,removing aluminum sl$covers, or himple.

rs must happen early h the pmcess and , command. J~vestom need to feel coniident '.

,' Visibility oi these early improvements will help boost public interest in, downtown and, it Is hoped,, increase downtown traffid and ,s@ ~

enough to make larger reh@JiiiitiOn projects

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'0 Unused &d underused spaces in downtown ' . Downtown Real E m - , , rehabilitation of their buildings early on until

Redweloping downbvR real significini ways from dwoping , . new coimercial

, properti&' , , . '

0 ,The level of commercial activity"ln.an area '

' ' .di&tes potential mnts a . building,, can

.to,'athact gxd ,tenants fo.renovated , .

id hi&odc

.,' offen,'make idea! sites for lighi industry. , .

Again, by Wig located near: city offices, banks, ,post , offices, reshrants, retail b~lni?SW, and 'profe&ional Offices, Small

' . industri6.s have better 8co~ss to vital ~ r v i c r t S and can work more producthrely. I '

At the begiming p f the d o w m revitalization process, 6 values and raely a property's true profit potent'hl. In WwmsUe, as

'wsth myy.communities,'commercial development ' ',

has occurred wtside the downtown core in strip shopping centers and, ,freestanding' buildings ' . '

"both downtown, and outiying businesses, As a result, downtown Vaqmcy rates ,in&wed and rentd' i n m e to buildings owhers decreased. .o' .Financigi.,in&utions 'accusiom~ to, making , .

Obviously, downtown real estate development , ' governments utiliing block grants m&be cannot, 'take pla~e :without a reaxinable overly cautiws, about reinvesting in expectation of Enaticlal gain for the' owner or traditional comm4rcial'buildings. developer, and there cannot be financiai gain

R ' in i downtown dim, 'iewlopers must worl~ ,wphin the existing pbysysical and &onomic unless downtown buildings generate. rents

sufficient to 'cover rehibibtion costs, A b M n w . . . , .,cuntexttoag&rsx$nt. . . ' , can, only afford to pay these,, higher rents,

. . The r e v i t a l i i pmceq gradually chanp' the ._ '

.however,,if its sales are good. .For these,&&ps, it is important for me Main Weet program to focus ; downtown economy over the course, of time, attention on both asw . of: &no@ some princip on 'Lvhch to developmeni - real estate and' w h m simultaneously.

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that dowfown commerce is,'healthy enough' work aggressively promofed: me

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' I ,buildings.

.o RehabilMon ,of: despite inadequate market demand 'to SuppMt "

txilbings can 'be ~y in term of feasible. .' :

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materials and building techniques. , I

, . loans for 'primarily new, construction or . .

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P ~ i ~ ! + ~ ' s m a 'improvements eariy in the I

, , : . darkation pr+; Downtown propert$ . .

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Economic Recom&vidatims,

longer meets the needs of its primary customers.

difficult - if not impossible - for the downtown to experience long-teim economic growth.

0 Developing marketing strategies and in-store Nleasuring the Downtown Economy promotional programs.

D, Adding new product lines.' 'These . , may

0 ' Relocating toa larger or more advantageous ', locabon. For example, stores that offer.

similar goods and services' and appeal to similar customers may 'want to dwr. in orUer to capitalize On foat traffic and. ,

storefront visibility. , ,

augment currbt lines.

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The first pfiorfty in planning downtown commercial developmkmt is to study and ariabze what already exists.. AS n& in Section 111 of this ieport, the initial 'step' of this process. is .to conduct an inventory of existing downtown bwinesses, and' .

..The business su"&py'can be :used ~lor'sevbral

, , to second$'conduct a busin& survey. , ,

inyoitant preliminary activities:

street program can develop a profie of downtown customers that should be compared with census information from the downtown area to discover differences and siniilarities. In particular, c e ~ s daQ and business survey data on shoppers should be mpared on the basis of sex, age, household and persona income, occupation, and me. If business responses vary greatiy from census data about the people living in the downtown trade area, it probably means that many area residents are g0.q elsewhete to shop or that downtown business people need a better understanding of whom meir customers are.

,once ,the busink 'irientory and ~Urvey are 0 ' Expanding invent& in .pq t products. . . '

Ask businw'WnerS where most of theii : 'wmpleted, several other methods .to determine ' Providing, technkpl or financial assistaqw. custoniers live arid work, and what times of ' . . ' , opportunM. for 'Increased sales are available. Business expansion inay tie difficult for the: .. day ,they fypidly shop, Based on these wch. as consumer Sunreys, demographic independent business owner: A Main Strest reqmses, the Main ,street prograni can bharacteristic analysis, and various iypes of sales prcgm should ideally be in place to held, determine the commecWdishicYs piimqry . analyses. , W ~ these tools, .the businesS with market information, b n s ' o r grents for . . . ' , area , , . , ' . . community~:m further,refi&vwhere people are

, , - buying, what they are bying;.wd what . . they feel expansion, lccati6n for business, feasbillty. studies, preparing business plans,, and job 'training. , . downtown% com,wcial mix.,

0 MonWng market 'trends 'and channeling informati& to. 'downtown bus^^. '

Collerding, analyzing hi distrlbufhig market information' 'to downtowp businesses 'and potential investors is one of the: Main Smt program's mbst valuable tools. " without 'a

area's recent economic .pem&nce, it is..

0''Idwrtlrylng the d d s td? am. . ,

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n ldenwytng strong and v' In 6 dormtow? is missing. . ,

categorizing, the existing businesses into SIC code number& the businesses m. be , .

categorired to identify retail and commercial areas in which le downtown is strong . . .or weak.

. 0 ' Menwyins ,me .msumers , w' shop . '

Two basic forms of consumer su&ys are: ' '

,P lntkrwpt SUIVBY~. The.inteiview& stops people on the streef and asks a set of

. ' , prepared queptions.' Tfw survey measures ~characte&tistlc$ of people who are already , ,

downtown customers. ' Survey questions

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' ' clear understmding of market bends and the downtnwn most often. BY .Using 'the ' . shoudmerthefoliowingstlbjects: , . '

re,,,,nses, of bu&,w owners, ~m ~ , .

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The shopper's ,reasons . for being The daysand times of the sufvey ~emographc ' infomation is available. from a

publishes several v&m@ .of, demographi ,.. HW d e n the shipper 'w' the information for each state. Two volumes that are Demographics measure' social and economic . . egpecialty ,helpful in^ measudng '. local ; downtown.

'demographics are Census ofP~urcltion:.mfd' ,

groups spend money in dierentways and this,. ,populaljon~ social end Em,,,k ;can affect the downt6wn's ,ability .to support, .

certain tvpes of businesses: ' ' valuable intormason. . B inEkId& daZa on a '

sales andard metropolitan statistical areas i n o ~ r t o ~ c u ~ r s , t h e ' d ~ ~ & j , to, W d e A d whom the customers are, md, (SMSAs), &@ieS, towns, and large retail centers

merefore, what their needs may be: A comniunlly withim &ips. ,The ,@ms of Retau Trade is . '

Support furniture or ,children's clothing store. A , and 7). , ' community with 'a high perceritage .of working

women may need' Provide after 5:OO P.m. '

buy more than men of any age..

0 DfltnoeraDhi c C h c t s n S $ e s t b measuR:

' , . ,variety of sources. The Bureau of Cenkus , ' , , downtown., . ,. should be staggerat. ' :

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' 0 Types o f . dwntovm ' bhn-8 the ' c h a m n & of be- pop@th. ' ,.people' Oi dierent ageS,',races, Fibusehold size, and income Plpt.@tim Cha@eti&S and C8nsIlS Of

s h v r regularly patronizes. The shopper's attitude about drrjmtqn. Where the shopper l i i and works.

preferences. 'Confidential hou~ehold data Such 6 ,

income, number of incomes, and, hqber and, ages d M w h o l d members. of retired'persons Probably $11 not be able to . p u ~ i ~ ~ every fie yeah (those ending with 2 , :

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census of Retall .Tmi also Newsg@r, 'TV, , and radio S@n

. , .' , num%r ,of establishments, payroll,, and retail .,

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, , The intercept survey 'should be conducted at . . , .

. Other sourcBs include voter dwrn &asti=;

volume of traffic moving through downtown at a n of the day and day of the 'week; mi nies 'that compile demogriiphc infomation to predict utilii demand; ARBITRON

. ' and other media, Sou- that sell advertising on

'bd market.~profassipnaj demographic 'resfflrch ' ' Hw many people own or rent their companies; 'pvious market ' shldies;, and,

In addition' to measuring charactetlStiC5 for the wiymt, yew,, '.or most. writ year the data is

, ' of people in the dii3rent categoties as the census trade area. . , available, the, information should include figures ,frm dre pag 10 or 20 years. This will 'identify

, . Shopping hours. In (iened, Wmen. of ye ' ' WDQT &dies p&& information, on he

' ' s e v ~ , p o i n t s ~ g h O U t ~ , d o W R t o w n ~ i M . . ,

, .

Telaphone S&S. Telephone SurveyS pmvlde &.cross section of'the entire'.market '

area, eliciting infom,ation from prsons who do and do not ,shop downtown;. The sunrey is conducted randomly and.the questions asked within the'trade area.,

, , . , Incomes.of . . individuals and'hoikholds, . . the ms of, d w I & consum p d l m in ., . are the we. as those fwm the intercept swey sothe results rmbe compared. ' ' ,

wm census information to compere demographic informatiqn. , ,'If the . telephone. survey 'is ' ' " .' occupations. representative, R should'have similar percentages

extended. For statistical accuracy, at 400 Of . , &king some type of public asslstence; . ' . that are $Idng place. data. If it .varies widely, the- sunrey should 'be

the inter&pt 'and telephone surveys 'should be

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s Ages of:,indviduals and hou68holders '

. , Rw.:

i Numbers, p q l e in d i m t

* ReSidenCe of people W h o Work wwin the ' .

0 Numbers of people and households

' o ' Unemployment rate.

'. ' The telephone survey reklts should be compared hwnes. . , numerous Wyoming state agencies. . . ,

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, , . sales analysis tectinlques: , , ; . .

~ e w bus i r iew can compGmt e d n g ones. ' , , P Saleskakaa e anslvsls, Thii'technique is

Bef6,mcruiting new business though,,a strategy than producing exact measurernents'the analysis is a mew to potem[, 'must be ,in plac&wlth, longtern' goals such .a new a& by comparing information ,'

repositioning dMown,to'capture a larger share on Ides of a particular.produot from, spte of local sal& or, to atk@ new market segments. sales tax repolts to information on potentid , 0 ,-. By using tax For instance, potting an upscale women's clothing

, . ' consumer ,demand ,.'frod selected , . repwts, information can be intelpolated 'to ,,store 'next 'to a similar existing store might determine 'what percentwe .of the , stimulate more sales for both. bUsinesses than eommunay's..total sale (or sales 'af a eier could achieve if Iocated on different blocks: particular product prseyke) are coming,from It, is impMtant. to fill vacant buildings, with

businesses that benefit the entire downtawn and not just take anything that Comes aong. Analyze best'lgitions and if existing businekes. should be the PNst tb ,move to bigger or belter IocaOnS.

vertical expansion. Vettical expahsion transltites into limited 'goods, b,ut In a wkfe range of quap anr'prica hnges. Horizontal expansion involvbs

Have a community p&le data base developed "

,anti &dy for potential new b,usiness 'inquiries

,!-atmrforce-availability,'skib. ' ' .

Transportation KHltesl.ratesmethods.

.a 'Erlergycosts. ', , ,

', if a saies leakage &urn, meaning people are buying a parUcular product outside the local trade area, further anaIysis should be undeitaken'to

uw in mi[ & MS. Rather. . , , explore mbibuting factors Mat may - c B U S people to be shopping for this' produet elsewhere.

' ,Prodk& availabli may be ,only one of many reasom why people are o r m not buying I d l y .

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TO estimate potentiat, sales, a common'swmiof detnbgraphic inform&on is the ~ S m ~ ~ the ddntown disbkl. €xp&&rs ,Sumy, 'Wlished 'by- the US. .Department of Labor Bureau of ' W r Statistks. The Bureau sunreys thousands of housbho~s, 'm. , To overcome privacy '%sues pat asking pkple to record hm much they spend on may &e downtown business Owners tti not

,partidpate in, ptividing duable market a wide range .of' goods and senices. The data is classled into several demographic cat@w& ' such ,as geographic region, income, age, and . ' . ' ' , anonymously through pm ofpese methods.

Local' w n t a n t s may be- able .to pipvide sales household sire. ' , ,.

p a m a r ,St of demograpk and then . ' divulging We businpe identity. Blind business ' ' ' ' ,

assigning 'the typid expenditures for a particular surveys . involve downtown business owners product based on the ,same demographic criteria reporting monthly sales information tb the Main

a reasonable estimate of potential sales for a .

particular prcduct 6811 be derived. This &matee[ owner sends, a repoa to the Main Street program figure would then be compared ,to actual 4es ' i&ntified Oniy. by the SYmN Or cod&, ,The (fm sales, tax reports) for this prbduct td program will be able to tmdc Sales levels &' . determine ii there is a,sales leakage M sales trends, without knowing what businesses are surplus.

' I\ccoUntant" S r e w r t s a n d 'blind b iness . ~

an&& infwmatim, be bw . ldentiry OppOrtudties for both hOriZOIIW 'end

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By classifying t h e , I d mat& k r d i n g to some . , flgisures , from their clients' businesses without ' ' camplemenkty product lines. '. ' .

. . with from the consumw.€xped&re &key, . m e t lxogm ulmugh a code or symbol chosen , ' that includes: , ,,

. . I Q the business owner. €ach month the business, ,,

and comunioationa. , .

, I . actually generatjng the sales! ', State and local tax &&re. , , U, Management technical assistance progks. . . , ,

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Q Other 'relevant special ec0riomic 'programs 0 Retall~omotSons .. ' .activities designed to communities. SucOessfui businesses in the ~ ' prom& goods. and seervices offered by r@n may be 'quite successful in an : downtown. businesses and to Senerate

job training, joint 'marketing, ing, tax inqntives.

0 Local education including adut or continuing ' , , expsion because they understand the ', immediate Mes. ' . These activities promote ' '

educationopportunities. : culture , , and customw. . , . , ' the. commercial district as a unified shopping Community faciliies and cub^ &en fie. '

0 Assemblerecyitmeni information.. Relevant and C u p n t as to the status of ddwwn. The two plrwiry fohs of retail promqtions are' 0 Housing.

0 Available cmhmercial land,' buildings, , . ' , reM sales and e&& Retaii sales are equipment. , , . ' . ' '0 Develop, B recrUihnen2' team. Peers and discount or sales oriented such as ddiar,

0 ' List and,map bf curhit busines those who can provide technical assistance ' sidewalk, or crazy dap'sales. ' R&i events are typically not discount or sales oriented; but featuc" other aspects' of ,rewing such as 'The information^ contained in ,we community

prose must be kept up-to-date a ' r e S p M l b to ' 0 ~ e e ~ -~b& , ~ f ' patentid ~budne convenience, senrice, or, variety. Examplei of prospective bsineh sh& be sent, as a I , . opportunities. If a poteniial business oww retail events ar6 invited hours shbpping for personalized letter and .should only contain the contacts you, but decides not to re ld te redUlar customers, educatlonai seminars, bodc

immedihteiy, the opprtunity may be made .. signin(ls,iind factory representative assistdnce.

Retail promoths require mdor. .input from valid at a later occasion. information from ~ l s mmunity pmfile,specificatiy

requested. The response should be sent out '..

downtown retailers, and there mustbe 8 strong , . . , - working relationship' between any 'downtown '. Marketlng strategies promptly, 'ideally within 'one day of contact. An

merchants' association or chamber group and the addiiond community brochure may be developed to convey a, ,more generaked m k g e mat Newcastle is a quality place to liie and work Image - ' the conimunit@ impreion of the , ' ' Main ~ . p r o g m . ne gmups should get This brochure should contain many high-quality ' ' commerdal distriat -,is the most im- factor together and discuss each other's 'roles in the color pictures of ttte, people,, a r c h i i r e , . ' id the ,revitakaikm of a downtown. Ptw!don ' promot'onai activiv to develop . a clear lands- of NewcasUe, and rslsvimt qudations strengthens the downtown's imag6 m d , understanding ofwhich group Is responsible for from reddents and, well-known persons. '. marketability by changingcommunily attitudes,.by what type of pqmotional , hw'mues

creating E miffed image, by strengthening the ' will be, generated, what, group's overall &Mown as the W b r of m n i t y ' & v @ i , . market and economic objectives are, and how

inter&& groups wit coordinate the phning aMf and by broadening pen%pUons of downtown. implementathof Various events. P Compile a list o f potential' ,businesses.

Examine trade market informatlon and decide There are basically three types of promotion in a which lypas businesseS the downtown can ,downtown revitak@ion program. All three. ' . ~ e t a i l "promotional agvity Can, take place ' ' ,

edonomicaliysuppoa, . , , , promotional program are tools that communicate throughout. the year, but discount-oriented activities should be limited'to only a few times pbsipwhange.

,a 'CO~IBC~ intorination on bwirisses in nearby

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Ewnwnic Recommendations

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throughout the yeac otherkse, it many give the ' , '

downtown a bargain-basement image. followingactiviW. ' ' . building promotion tyPiklly involves m e of the ..' ' hn$ider timing with bther local and regional

, ' evenb, to avoid'potential schedule conflicts. , ,

' 0 socw: ial ' eve&. ' Trafbbuildlng events o , , Developing a logo' that. graphically ' 'and for each promotional activity, appoint'a meant to generate eventual,' not immediate, wmmunicates 8 .message to consumers ... chairpemon to head the.task force that will ,retail sales for downtown business&. ' , , ' , about downtown. This log0 should plan, oversee, and imptement the event,

dearly reflset an .hiage .of quality and .Finalize the calendar of events. Pmpare a special events invoIve potential msumm in ' , ' depict. pome ,of the downtown's most ' m t e r calendar and distribute it to downtown festive, noncommercial . activities Such as . , . . pasitlves aspects'as well as something businesses, I d 'media, 1 schods, civic community celebrations ,@at focus on historic unique to'dowitown. whii the logo may ~. groups, statewide.media, and'organizations themes, or hen%@, ,music and food events, fairs mtain' some well-known community '. that will help putdidze the events. and 'mivals, and, holiday eve,& that attract a ~ fsature, care must be takk ,that @JO broad spectrum of the market , a m and kqist 'conveys a sense. of, the downtown's tJ Promatha, the acMevements- of the ,

population. These events are important bscause marketing position. Once ,developed. , . . , &takation Rffort Publicize business they can help bring existing customer$ downtown this logo shdd be extensively used on ': ' , 'openings and ex$msions, job, dreation, more often , a d a l , ~ introduce new consumers to , . promotiona~ liiterature, advertising, and reinvestment in ' ' buildings, "and public the amenities the district offers. The special informations ' signige. , , impmdments through newslettam, awards,

., ribboncutting ceremonies, a" volunteer : events should focus on 'themes that .reestablish ',

0 ' Putting together a promotional calendar. grwp partkipation ,in specific projects. to plan and coordinate an effective , . Quote prominent commuttiy personalities in

the downtown as the center of community activity and local pride. ' These events should include' interes.for chiidin and perhaps even a free promdional'program. "It should be promotional literature. Ask for .media

dewloped .Wel$e to eighteen months in, coverage of special 'events, bt$ be sure to know their preferred format, aqd rasp@ their , ,

souvenir - a token positive reminder of a good time dowihvn. ' , . a h c e .

0 aebUMdirK! DKdIOUOh. fWhiitk3S in this in order to fprmulate an ' e f f m promotional EWry help.mierse negative perceptions oi calendar, anttcipate:salss cycles and plan In summa& creating a positive image the downtown. Thiai is a long-term, on-&ing ' ' , events to take advantage, of established requires a con~stent message, quality, well- ' '

shopping. habits by W n g local @% planned 'graphics and 'wents, a thorough understanding of consumer habits and

campaign to regah, and then. retain, the consumer's positive impression oFdarvntown. pafttwns and analydng'when'consumers are

most'likeiy to make major purchases. If a, preferences, and repeated exposure. Image-building promotion involves diveloping 4 . ' calendar of events fmm previous years is positioning statement that briefly dwnb&wheG ', ' ' available, analyze the @ectiveneas. of each ' over th6 couw of time, the series of messages

transmitted thwgh special events,, retail' the downtown should. be 'position@ in the event. P h actn/iti& that .R' o v e d market based on m a w information, community pmmotiond goais. Consider activities that promotions, news artides,.butbns and bumper desiq, and" rea l i i expectations.. Image appsal: to qwcif~! market groups - think' . . stickep, and'word 'of mouth will reposition the

generally first, and- spedMiy k n d . . downto? in amsumers' minds, leading shoppers

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to,assqciati it with good experiences and positive , : values , . '

C., Economic 'Development ' .. Summaty , , . -

Economic developnlent must be real and action- ' , '

oriented; b must embody the economic desires of a broad spectrum of the cammunit$s Mzenry.

A ' public-private partnership shbuld , ,. dhve ' economic developmenant Local governments are already deeply involved in local business activity '

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as suppliers of infrastructure, as taxeri, and is regulators' of "land and buildins ' activities. Therefore, l&l government shoukl;,at least understand what effchits behavior Kas on he local economy. Ben$fh brought to economic,, development by 'the public , sector .include legtsbltlve, , politid, and. l a r g e d e service pmision advantages not ,availableto:the private ', sector ,working alone. 'Local gwemmknt should take action to 'perfect the marketsmd make them work more efficiently.

steps to Economic Develownent:

0 Establish an advlsoty group forthe mnomic development program witn' a manager and 'bbard of directors whose 'job is, to set

' , measumbkobj&es.and monitor progress , towardthem.

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0 Keep the group smaH so as to promote discussion.

To aid in defining measurable objectives, a simple form can be designed that contains the following infonation:

0 Meet regularly, bvt tor short periods of time - perhaps once a month over breaMast or # Objectivenumber. lunch. A brief objective title.

A carefully worded one-sentence 0 Have one or two elected officials in the group. objedive.

Ensure that two of three different sectors of DeflnHion or elaboration of any tens the business and general community are used In the objective if necessary. represented. Statement of what would constitute 75%

,achievement of.objective. ' ,

statement of What WOUIU constitut8 56% achievement of objeetb.

. List of I quantifiable information required to evaluate achieyemetit ofthe objective.

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',U Survey outside groups ',before @cussing objectives. Complete's community opinion . ,

survey in order to give the group a sense of comrriunity purpose.

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U Discuss and famukk about five to ten " . ~ , 'tistofswrcesforthatinformation. '. . .

A, brief statement -of 'the effect of in,the negyear. , ,

0 Establish .data coll&on' pracedures ning iwsuiable & j h , ' the next ensure data availabiw t~ .evaluate progress. , ' in the actlon process is.@ inventory the MuKkyear gqls should be broken down into ' ~' economic' situation. This invoIvR data collectibn oneyear objectives. , . pd analysis. The tr@k to actiondented results

.is to workhard to minimize data Collection and nat' '

'0 Rwvaluate objrslives More , and during' . be bogged down with &IS that, will. never be , ' project implemenl@on, and also &the end of analyzc#l Or used,' In orderfor data collection to

a Specmed phew peiod. Program be worthwhik, the information must have these chamctedstics: : avaluation makes judgments about what mix

bf a m e s and projects to Unde-. it

&urable objecW& that can be ach ikd , , 'accomplishing the'objectiye.

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should be intuitive, subjective, and opinionated. Beneflt-cost analysis must be included in the program evaluation.

A. Design Overview

During the planning process, severai alternative designs were prepared and presented to the City of Newcastle, the Wyoming Department of Transportation, the North East Wyoming Economic Development Coalition, downtown business and properly owners, and the general public.

The following recommdafiohs represent a pragmatic dqsign solulion for downtbwn Newcastle that meats the WYOOT safety and design criteria for Main Street, and provides streetscape enhancements approved by the City and citizenry that will improve the image and utility of downtown Newcastle. These enhancements provide for parking needs, comfottable and inviting outdoor spaces, historic building restoration, and business expansion. The enhancements sewe to fuither define downtown as unique and Newcastle's cenbal business district.

NewCastle residents expressed the need for image enhancement and properly clean up of their downtown area. An improved mix of retail businesses and additional recreational, social, and cultural opportunities in downtown were also sought, The local citizenry overvhelmingly favored tourism as an economic development avenus befitting downtown Newcastle. Design

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recommendations strbe to present i.,whesive ' ,'

streetskpe that is mindful of all these issues.

B., ' ,West Main . Street . .

Theyaster piqn recommends narrowing West k i n Street from its present bur-lane widm. to two ,,

driving lanes with 'one center ,turning lane. This change is made for a number of m s :

0 The width af Main Strwtwiil be more in scale with the height of the downtown buildings aesth@tikally lending a hunhi-scaled k3Vel Of -,

, , comfort to the streetscape. . , ,. ,

m e additional space gained from ,nirmwing. hain Street allows for street side, amenities of t m , seating areas, comer n@dqs, and wider sidewalks; all of ,which, induce expanded 1

However, VkDOT was nfl in ,favor of, this, primarily due to. safety concerns for potential increased accidents with vehicles backjng ,out of

, , , , , parkhg stalls., Therefore, pardiel' parking is retained on Main.Street as advised by WYDOT.

Dhtridt Refinition

,To enhance the uniqueness .of 'Newcastle's historic downtown area, further identi$ its physical boundaries, and increase its ,utility, safety, and comfort, the master plan:

N*S and. reorients me intgrswtion of , , Sum,mii and Main, 'This change helps to ,

better define the start ofthe district, provides aesthetic linkage to the 'newly landscaped park area on the east side of Summit at Main,' and allows for safer pedestiiati cmssing for those wising to utilize the pa$ Relocating ' , Gabby's $ntgway further south,'dn Summlt, in

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.' , . . commercial and social opportuniti&. combination with narrowing and reorienting the Mersection. will Dmvide safer traffic 0 Current WYDOT traffic counts, as well as the

20 year projected b a f i count, for West Main Street support the change to three lanes. Traffic volume will flow at a reasonable rate. The street will become more of a destination

condtigns. Vehicles wiii enter and leave the district at a slower pace and visibility of traffic conditjons will be increased.

rather than a drivestbough highway.

Main Street P - During the design phase, the consultants considered a change from the present parallel parking to dismal as a practical alternative to provide extra parkjng along Main Street

obscure the view of the t r e and commercialhndustrial district west of downtown. Additionally, this physical separation from the tracks and hain trafffc will lend a safer, quieter, more pleasant expedence for park goers.

R Employs design dements of corner nodes, tree and shrub zones, seating areas, sidewalk layout and specialty paving, pattern, and deGoraUve Jiihting along Main Strw.

Comer nodes, with the addition of designated cmwalks, provide a pedwtrian-friendly atmosphere to the street. Drivers am more alert to potenthl pedestrian traffic, and pedestrians young and old, as well as those wiw disabilities, have greatsr ease in crossing the shorter street d i n c e .

Residents of Newcask expressly desired street trees downtown. The master plan incorporates tree and shrub planting$ throwhout the district. Dollar for dollar, trees are the most cost effective enhancement possible to any streetscape. Trees add an element of verticality, buffer the pedestrian zone from the street, offer climate contd through sun and wind protection, improve air quality, and pro* sensory

interest visually, as well as through allows for passenger ease in getting in sound and smell. and out of p a h d vehicles. Paving

pattern and materials can add or detmct

a 6e 21: ft. sidewalk is composed'of three ~ the' overall enhancement of a downtown ' business dishict. Overly intricate design can be okerpowqriflg and

'. ' : . distinct, .yet intqrelated, pedestrisln ,. zm&. AII 8 ft section ,adjacent to the

building8 'd!m pedestrian tram to' can msume huge amounts Of. the ' ,

stroll, window shop, and enter and eocit sireetscape lmprouement budget. busines6as With ease. .Through ,the ' . Ongoing p~-c~nstnrction maintenance i@xJu@On of seating qnd 'plant is also costly. For Newcastle, the padrig

. . ' matar~a~~, the next 8 R. section provides detail provides interest, rhythm, and unihi ' ' for wmfortable gathering spots:' The , , along Main Street whk'being mindful of

, ' Rn~,5fi,sectlanne&estthestreeteaw ' , ' , consbuctim and maintenance costs.

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zone to the prime pedestrian area and

Downtown Design Recommendations Page 47

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, Dkgeative, stmet lights are, Spaced at Avenue north of M& .''beet.. provides regular ,intervals along the.three blocks addiional opstreet diagonal parking on its of Main Street. 'These lights illumina& : east side. The sidewalk is widened on this the d i i c t at nighl for pedeshiari safety , . block Railway to better ' 'accommodate Sumner; and and' mntcib,,b , .

' . , pedestrian traffic to 'and. from the .'business district and parking. 'visual intricacy both day and night.

.. . ~ . , . . off-street m n g . 'The master ' plan C, Additional Parking Solutions, ,. enhances ' the' parking potential in three

Und~rUlil'Red areas within 'downtown and provides for comfortable, well-defined lii!age to the commercial district Adequate, ' Gonvenient, ,and welldesignated < ,

parking ,space is an important component to . ' ,

Neuvcastle's downtown reVitaliZatien, ' However, converting existing or potential commercial space, qmcid~ that fronting, Maiit Street, ,is the least desirable option for locating addiUqal &streel . ,

parkjng. AII unintemmpted ROW of commercial

for designation of this 'lot. ,as public parking and prm-des better pedestrian access 'both to west Main and ~ o r t h

.' new piirking lot' is, ~ocateb, north 'of

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,actirity of ,downtown, a number af opportunities

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caiis for removal'oi some small, dilapidated, vacant , iorefronts facing North Seneca, and u!ilization of the vacant lot beween Black Hills Mortgage and KN Energy (a result of a building fire in the 1980's). Care is taken to provide good, pedestcian linkage to Main street while maintaining the integrity of the

currently has diagonal parking only on its ' . '

east'side south of'Main Street. Seneca is wide enough to support diagonal, parking on both sides 6f the street therefore the master, plan '.utilizes this width to provide edra

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implement the fbll&idg comprehensive, four-kild 'program:.

0 Buildlnu rest

'&si together \hriih'infoAatlon of where '.: windo& replaced. ' with some creative. . , these items are available for sale downtown, brainstomling, perhaps some use could be

could' be locatad at both COUIUIDU~ and ~ , ,made of ihis,properly so that. it did not project ' , an abandod.ed, negative connotation on this

important intersaction. : library as well.

. The decision to property'

the most minor' changes to beir building , .' . 'm' $0, downtown' wiU 8kely 'Iw made on , . ' , Remember to give 'each of these Wiiss as Hghway 16. At'present, the intersection o? much p u b l i i as possible. , ' Informkg the'

community of padtive cha&s downtown is a facadea, such 'as e&-appropriate bulkling signage and the return of thg east pottion of ' ' . the Highway 16 truck mute and the Hishay

m~cial m e n i of the revitalization program. the Newsletter Journal storefront to glass, the , ' 16 business route (Summit Ave.) is in very

landscaping. . Informational signs 'of the ' , PedesMan traffic generatyj on t&w two blocks recognizable downtown .design should , be should benefft Gabby's with increased demahd for

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,and H a n S n and Pedc btdldings. With only . ' . ,a a@wa!f 'to downtown

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. , , his!oric aesthetics qf these'two ockswould , . ' . , poor condition ,and needs clean up anfl . . . ' ~,

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Develop ' , ' P w to direct both e@'and,.wM bound. ., convenience items and logically spill onto the I-& , ' ,.

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traffic to. dFntown. 'The Main Street Mocks. . ,

' , o 'lriformationtd siunaue. . , ,

informational signage to guide the vis i i r to, " 'parking lots and d o y t w n atbactions, ' assoCiation' should rectuk ii local , ' . . '

this time m. fie sbnage m a be well , , ' , . 'ownership of the projectto, inaintsin this ,. - placed tq ,direct the downtcth 'Visitor. Additionally, the signage design. shouid .be yed, consistentty thmugho~. the district so as to become; a 'recognizable, fewre of downtown. ' : .' "

0 Tourisrnpedmu e. ' Producmpackage of historic displays, a library of short films of loml and regional interest, and a highlqualii waking tour tirochure. The main lobby $the, . ,'

cbuniy courthouse &Id house the .historic . display, thelibmy could host'a daily pmgram

' , of short filhs shown' &. regular, repeating intervals; both, the. courthouse and library could devote a small area b, display handout literature '(walking tour brochure, etc.). A

. ' perh& conMer historic building plaques at , ' ' : swviceleammuni. organization(s) to .iake. Blopcks and~jO: ~ ~

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intersection of Highway 16 on .an on-going basis. The. ~ ~ ~ i ~ o n m y want to w d . ~ocated between Sumiwr and Seneca, this mid-

portion of downt&yn .is already. the 'scene of with the owner of .the vacant gas station at this intersection. some: hip, , the I excfting'change. In block 10 (south side of Mainj,

~ a, new busink recently opened in me Updike . . building. Thii home. d b r center' tasEfuliy

features flooring and fumiture. Both the interior ' '. and exterior of the. store were wlsely 'left

historimlly intact. Constmiion iwnderway at the wmerofMai.nandSauttFeneca. Thetwo-gory . ' ,

building will contain shop and offit% space on the grknd floor and aparbnents on the second floor. The ground floor commercial space wiu add much diversity to: the 9trsetscape, -and the housing above will provide additional consumers to,

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The Updlke building is the historic anchor of this this &Sing business by dustemg ,compatible . Compafibility. The 'meffihandise at all of block. The architectural rendering, depicts development that appeakto the tourist as well aS :. these shops should 'Me& 'genuine loml suggestions of restpting, itsorigid sto&m on .' local ' -unity.' ~ptims to explore for tfie color, ,be, unique, and of high quaMy. the main and'the t m n s ~ l t w i n d ~ on the ' Lochen ~ 0 0 t h building the a d j a m gas Diwunt, ;massproduced wares can be second lml. Compatibte signage4~rooflines, and , ,won include: . , found,atPamida. , '

windows unify all the buildings on this block. ~ , ' ,

, . , , 0 Promotions. ' Bolster these,, businesses by creatin$ events such i s book signings, food

'. taStings, ertist. and artisan' demonstrations, and educa l id seminars. These aminars should 'be linked to the merchandise, of the' shops and could.cover a wide mige of topics '

.' ' such as ' fly-lying; rock climbing, ' iea@a

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; bbok j. - south stde of west &n. between 5umwr am.d re&% ' ,, . , ,

_ _ & _----- The empry gas stahon on the cony of Main and south Surnner,presents a wond$ul opportunity for a unique q m e r a d development that cwld bolster existing adjacent busin-; keep the '

, ' tourkt mMng fhrough the busin& district, and enrich the lawl community. ' ' ',

me master plan reorients the parking on.the west side of Sumner;provides a defined entrant& for'.

', , Lochen Booth wkh improved linkage and greater I

visibility '%om lvlain street, p r o v i ~ yi outdwr plaza, and a'building infill on a pottion of the gas , : ' '

station facing Maln street., ' ,

Lochm Booth i s 'a rough.,gem - one of a kind business; tcgeul'er w% its ,building, it has much I ,

potential for fukire development pe M&n Street association should explore options to reinforce

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Doy~town Design Remmendatirh ~ . , . , Paw 51 , ,

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one of the oldest historic buildings in Newcastle. Originally the Bank of Newcastle, the Whiiey building now houses Black Hills Mortgage on the grourid floor. With the center portion of the building missing, It is unlikely that a complete restoration is feasible. However, some type of enhancement is not out of the question. The

Center and D@e Theater are both located hem. There is an abundapce of underutilizsd, storefront display space in the buildings an this block. The Main Wfst Assodation could assist these business and building Owners m e basic business support service:

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Blocks 6 and 11

These westemmost d o w n t o w n e b l o c k s of Main Street lie between Seneca and Railway. The prominent histotical building on the block 6 (north side of Main) Is the Antlers HOM. AS noted earlier, this building is in a state of disrepair and not open to the public. The architsctural rendering depicts complete restoration of this building due to its potential to reclaim its former position as a mein attraction and fowl point downtown Newcastle. There is no question that the complete mtoratiun of this historic building would an expens&, laborious process.

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architsctural rendering suggests ' a fasxie ; ' P ?M@u!dbsklUs. Dwlo6.a basic seminar 'lot w& a landscaped "plaza, fionting Main street on this treatment in which the eastemmost partion d this and brochur6 on the art of windcrrv display.

b u i M i is refurbihed,h matct' what still remains Clean windows, filled with mlly displayed . Mock. This lot and, ,plaza should b'bo,ar in the west wmer. Between the two buildings waits and community infomatlQn will instill

the .Main sheet Diner. . The lot will .offer ~Wt).and lntelgst tq the stloem*. Many then is a pocket patf with bricked archways to' 'fill in the void teff 'by the missing portion. As, of h e businesses @@not retail shops per , mwnitsnt ,~ustomer parldng, for the ,,&,,are,

se, but strategies can be employed to . fne outdoor,plrua an opportunity for adtlitional customers to the Main Street Diner.' , these windm to gwd advantage. noted earlier, ,this pkket park pr&p access to

The diner could expand and diveFi@,'its food and from the public parking lot north. of .these ,'

flu. A n ~ a p p r o p r i ~ & e ~ ~ . . '. offerings. Wkh a pleasant oqdaor' space buildings.

adjacent to the restaurant, new food selections , . ' . choice for this block m u be a businegs with

appropriate for take-wt and snacks would be in- . and Appendix 6) for potentiat improvements tD appeal to young people (tap .into the movie order. ., these buildings. lmprovemkits could be " . . crcwrd)'such as an arcade. Or beUer yet,

~ ~ T I I ~ ' W & W of the .B.',carter wareh~uSe is seniors arid ,young ,people such ,as a music , , , . . historically intact atid the building cauld'be put to Department df'Transportatioti's elfortqto enhaye

@reordollarstore. , ge view shed along their highway syst@ms.

This block currentiy holds interest for both young . '

people and seniors. The WegfMl hunty senior

plan locates ,a

adjoining businesses Hardwm

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.There is some funding available (see Section v11 . . . .

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accomplished With T-21 .funds as' part of the wap6 a bushW.that h d d w p d , $ both '

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0 Expand Hardware Hank. The h store . , TO impmie its &II cimpositiw, the'renciering thaiis in many cases, irreplaceabte. In the end, K. ' ,

.' has a strong customer 'bgse., Wfth the depW only8ignaQB' changes,'to ffie M w i c may be.that'the best stillrtiMl ,is no'solotibn, h d ' -' Lodge buitding. '. F Q ~ 'its nebhbor to the west, the paint must. remain on the brick. Further help

. Miles photographyi mashry deaning (removing on this subject is availflble through the ,paint), and en!&ng the windows a&' small^ Park S e W ' w the Wpming State Historic '

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, . , Pre&vatbn,omCe (seeMpendixB). ', , , ' ,. ' .impravernents that cduld be made;

proposed parking lots ~- adjacent to the ea,!$ '

and on RaEway, plus more activity due to the revitakation, the hardware artore ,

' . ~ may want tpconsidar expended product y d

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, , setviia lines. An empty lot between Miles Photography and the Bronco Bar offers expansion opportunities for adjoining businesses or infill of a new building. The rendering depicts an infill of a typical two- story commercial building with large storefront windows on the street level and punched windows above. A temporary solution for this lot would involve clean-up, mlnimal landscaping, and

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wind& and recessed entries. , '

The businesses on this bl a d w ~ e l o t a n d : commibnent and support. Although downtown , . ' ,

@e MainsStreet program should be ready to work

strategies, technques of WMOW and shcyroom display, and signage. Additionally, 'the program

define their merchandise and services to meet the needs of the hmun i t y and to be appealing to

Historic restoration ~ d . , r $ W l i i t i o n is 'a long . , ,., invoiied process wit requires community

Newcastle has suffered tremendous losses to'ib,

there is still great,potentii for, histotic restoration

The mst;r plan a wide range ofhistoric ',

dw'ntown buildings:

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, , with, these businesses to assist in markeliii .,, histoh dfc due to'fras 'and building : ; . .

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and revitalization.' . ,

~@~ktion I , and . pmsetvation possibilities for

. . should w.ork with the business ownets, to better , . ,

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' such as signage and masonry cleaning.' .,

Mid-range options of replacing modern ,

. " ' storefront. ' ~ ~ U I S wi@ " a styie' more ',

depictive of the original brick and glass $orefront character.

'~ * Compiete mration @;in the case of .

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The initial step in this revitqliition is to , W a s h I

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a Main, Str& program to steer development of, the downtown di&ct.. As the program matures, it should &uelop a full ,range of promotional act~ties and bwiness support seM& to 'assist

"downtowri businesses with finawing for bullding restoretion, business expamion, and marketing

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streetscape , enhancemat and building '',, ' ,

' ' ,renovation. ThrwQh zoning ordinances and ,

:zoning and tax incentives, .it &ould enc&trage ' ,

creaWe, but ,compatible, ,development in underutilized upper flwrs of downtown buildmgs. . ' , .'

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too heavily for businks 'cap@ ,will. hnd many, of private funds ' loaned at ,prevailing co~mercial 'its mall businesses constantly wh-p, apd interest ' rates; M e r s combine b w and n e .messiveiy vulnerable to movements in short- . Interest funds from private foundations with fwxrS.

A ' iegal~y ' formed , ~ a i n h organization, term interest:ra$s. , . Frdm fo~albanks to c a r n i e the loan p d s . In consisting bf a privatepublic, partnership is , m e communiies, .participating banks; commit . '

necessary to fund .and implement the downtown : ' Loan the m d ' ' , equal haunts of money to' the loan pool; in popular, innovative, qnd valuable economic others, banks provide funds'in proportion to the revitabiion.' with this organiraticin in place, ' '

development tmls avallable,to downtowns. ' Main . size of' their holdings.. In some programs, ' ' there will' be avenues for financing and

oPPOmmies "' to Street pr@rams can help make low-intersst loans ' , ,. bonOwers receive ldans from a w m n y pool, and available for ' ' W d e 'renovation, property In others, the borrowel's own bank malres the pr&pelty and business owners acting indndh/idually.

acquisition; &d, '&g. capital ' for new', and, , loan. Some pods expire upon deple~on and TO support implimentation of the plan 'preiented in this report, several avenues of'funding are @sting businesses. These loans beneftthe city , must be reseeded b' mnfinue; some are

" available for. Newcastle. A number of these ' ' WrOUgh 'it'kreasecl 'Propem valuations and tax urevotvin$ with loan repayments automatidly options am described In this chapter. Fof further , , , revenues, and for the investor, the loan pool takes replenishing the fund. -Some loan funds have . .

information,' 'Appendix B contains a listing ,of some XI! the ridc out af downtow ,reh&iktion ' been 'cr@ed with ,the help of state .enabling projects and makes them more cost effective; legislation; others exist meply through the Downtnvn Wits because the pool stimulates ',; ' determination and @ordination of bfu~ks, Main

contacts and publitions. to. obtain .detailed

developm&t Because the I& usually only Stmt , projects, and .local cifizens The most program infoimation.

B. Loan Pools.and Programs fund .a pwtlon of a project cost, the ,projects common type of loati program Is one in which usually mean aciaiional . loans, accoUnts, and local lending.institutions egree to kapltake a loan customers' for paWpating banks and finwial ' , 'pool 'and aWer 'loans to qyalified projects at

Availability of funding from ronventional sources institutions and, help banks meet rqqulrements of, . reduced interest rates - bsually 50 to 75 percent of the prevailing prime rate.

&signing a pon~:

'Q' Determine what tvpe?: of prbects 'wiU be . . funded, for example fa@& impFovement!,

Determine tha'size of the loan pool to ensure

4s often a' ambling block for many mall business owners and m a t e individuals involVed in downtown rev'rtaliZatiofl P W S . MOSt local ,

.banks are not in the business of analyring new business ideas, 'projects,. 01 developments and

, seldom make h g - h busine&;IOatls. Rather others provide wMking .capital for'expansion and they traditionally' are involved , In short-term relocabion. To bwer:a, loan's ,ovedl interest rate, ' '

working capital bans- lines of credit, or S ~ I m e loah '@MIS blend interest-fme or lowinterest. business loans based on the bu$ness's past , ' funds, Development won Gmnts , . aciquate monies for the type . , p r o m to PetfWlWW, CaSh-flow suffibiency, and co l l a td r e e m . Communiti,q that rely on 'lwl banks '

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0 . Dehnnine how 'the' pool' wiii, be capwed. r;enerel Obllmtion Bonds: 'Following ari authorizing election, Neycastle may sei munrcipal 'generai mfgation vamus purpose Wmds to ' finance . utlllty improvements, str@'

' . lighting,$mI other downtown imppements. The bond isslR? is limited to 4%'of a rnunicipaliis, assessed,valwtiOn. The bonds,must be,secun#l with a community wide' property tax increase: This option ki probably one of the .least desiraMe for M enhancement.project, , .

OeneralfUrid-CaDitd fnlmve manti: The City of NewcaslJe could, potentially fund portiwis d f me improvements out of 'the city's

managed - loan committee, general fund, if the, .qital improvements have applications, who will approve been budgeted. This funding could only be used

for , nongtEde highway' improvements. .These funds o~ld provide a ' local match. lor 0 t h

asfapdedesign. , '

funding s w r w . . ' , .

completed., Taka',before .and 'after Track what results ha? Tax Increment Bonds mFk

his type of fnancing'captwes the incremental file objections, ffie district must be aba&~ned., If, , ..gain in hes geneyted as a, re& of property

imprdvements. , , '

0' Develop data coliection procedures to ensure, . , Wners of inore than about 30% of the property , . redevefopment , and improvements within a data availabilii to evaluate progress:,Multi-. oppose the project, this wou! be a:signal of redevelopment 'area k d allows ,the use of year gods should bwbroken down into,one .potem kSkW3 that mlil impact other incremental gairk. in' propetty and s a h tax

, . Possible funding sourcesl revenues to hortize bonds Essued to defray ,the cost 'of me redev@opmefi pm+~es that

year objectbs. , ' '

C, Municipal keyel Programs ~

man^ types.of hprwemmb could be fin- generated the increment. Tax increment. bonds with a SID, includig.sldewatks, curb and. gmr , , ' w. be s o M by a city to bnprove arjowntown area. ,&ts, water, and sewer. Land&ng and other,

. T ~ x increment bond pnx;eeds 'W be U& to

h a ! government plays finportant role iti enhancements may &so .be eligible, 'depemling . 0t"public improvement Mi the d i n m &ma&. options, for funding . ' 'On 'the OpifliofI Of 'the lwal bond'counsel. ,SID This 'indudes stre&, curb and

funds can provide a local match for other funding )65, lighting, signage, land 'sales ~ financing& general ob l i ion. ,and sdurces. ', . , u t l l i i and more. A TIF doqs nobrequba capital improvements include., 1% capital facirie

One fuded by both .private and publlc ' districts, tax

' , ~ , ~ e t e r r ; l i i t w . t h e ban pool w i ~ ' b e maketed: The Main Street. program, local , ,. ', '

govirnment, and iccai 'banks should all disseminab informalion abdut the loan

0 Determine how the loan program wiU 'be . ,

. . Q Determiw how each loan project will be

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implementation Page 56

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.real 'estate, and eam a surplus from successful happening , to. their heritage 'by modem business ventureS. . , development, programs and laws were, enacted in , ' ,

an effort to'cwnteract these effects. The National Municipal government @n also. influence the course of downtown development through toning incentives md 'mixed use zoning, . through , . m a d o n . c h a m le . ' Historic Preservation, Act of 1966 is the nation's exedsing powers of'mninent domain for larad : . ' unitv foundado& centntl historic preservation law. ft.e@ablishes '8

assembly, ~xcess :condWnnation, land Eganizatioifomed to carry out a limited set , . Ute legal and administrative cantext within whieh readjustment, and land development' saleilease of. activities desmed' to be for the' public good. , local historic pteservation commissiMls relate to,

The most desirable Wus tax status under the'. . . apd parkipate in, ' the , national historic ' , . lntem,al Revenue Code is Nl(c) 3. Wth this ,presetvati& program; This act has been

arrangemeits.

~ b m e other types 9 municipalidvet programs , ' designation, any .surplus revenues are tax - ,, strengthened and 'elaborated on several times exempt, agd donations by private 'individuals ' since it's beginning. On a national level, It the corporation are usually tax-deductible. provides for fax incentive and fundhtg programs

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now being USea to restore historic buildiim L . ,

., 'thrQughout the United States. ' ' , Communshr D ~ O D merit comoratl on:. ,

Local economic development corporations , . RealEawe 'Inv8stmerrt TrustfREIT): . '

(EDCs) - ,usually regarded . , Bs ' semi-public , , These corporatbns generw. whpt from because their putpose is fo 'generate , I d federal income .tax Typical activifies involve. . In addition to the mcenfive programi availabh at

buying buildii, and managing, +d loaning funds . . the naonal level, several states offer their own" tax incentive p.ngams for himtic presermtion at

economic h&velopment and nqt to realize a profit.

. . ' ,the state level. They include' tax credits for Generally €DC&are 'cbated and pa6afly funded .

reh8baiition, tax. ,deductions for. easement by the public'sector. They also raise money by issuing notes, stock, bond, or from contributions. Condominium Assmtlons Typical activities of EDCS invohre .real ' M a t e Real estate organhational. struchm, in which ' , 'donaifom, and property tax abatements or

rehabbing existing br 'mstructing new faciiities pmject @re privately owned. The .private owner, and then leasing the development for commercial ' , then becomes a mbmber of an WOciafion and . To 'date .tax incentive and funding program or public purposes. . . ' ' . '. ovins .,other pa& of, the project In common. In available in, Wyoming are those .offerad at the

,regard to downtown devdopnient, an applicable ~ ' national. levd 'ind administered thrdugh the Swe. Downtown DevelOpment Authorlt[esID DAs): arrangement could ' m i s t offlce/refafilhousing Many, aithwgh not all, of the program require In many .ways, ' DDAs resemble a small ,, : s p a k paMn5 lo$, and plazaor parkspace. : that a property be listed on the National Register

of Historic Placea to qualify. To that end, a .brief municipaliky in that they ' h v e a spacific exphation oftha register and it requirements is jurisdictional boundary and a gwemmg board of ' , D, Historic Pr&emation

wittiin that jurisdiction. They often have taxation , . m e r and have the authorilv to float tax-exempt , ,. ~ ' . The National Reessterot Historic placas. . '

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,tramxiions such as acquiring land ,and several distinct physical parts of the deyelopment moratoriums. ,, ,. ,, , ,

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inClUded. people who own homes, businesses, or pmperty ,Funding

munidpal bonds. DDAs' typically imrest in businesws, lend to businesses, Wild and own

Beginning in the 1W's when Americans were twcming increasingly aware of the damage

The N&al RegiiWr of Hisfcfic Places is the nation's official list of distric$, buildings, sites, structures, and objects significant in Am-

history, a r c h h e , akheology, engineering h d ,property owner or a major@ of Owrm in a , On tlie stde 'level, .the Wyoming State Historic cultwe. The' Natlonal ' P a Servlce under the district, the State Preservation Officer will forward,. . , , " Presecuation Office available to as& yners m y of the interior adminims the National :the. nomination to tk National Park Service. If , ' who are intere$teU :in, listing properly on ' the ',

Register. It designed to 'hhfy, rewgnizb and the Natiwal, Park Service, approves, the ' , Ragiar. , Property .owtwrs .'interested ,, in to Some degree,: protect significant historic ' . 'nomination, the prop~rty (or'historic,diict] is ' . .pres on tax incentives 'need to first look at , .

resou~c~s. ljsting on the register does not restrict ',. officially entered in thi National Regist& a National ' Register .listing ' for thdr the right of property owner, nQr. does it prevent, , ' pppetty.' SHPO will not list a building without the' ' ,

destruction of histwic p r q w t k , but benefits the . '

Tty Nat@z$ R&fq CtfWia fw Evakiatian are o&s corisent and will not activeb.pursue a nomination without initial interest by the owner. owner, in several ,ways indNing making the . designed to guide state and local~govemments,

properties. eligible for federal grants when, , federal agands, and others in ,evaluathg . . '

: potential entries In the Natibnal R@+ter. The ' On the tcal level, the city of Newcastle is a ' , criteria we,re ' , developed $0, recognize , the , ' Cem Local GMlemment (CLG). The National

available.

A property can be Listed on the register either . ' accompliirnents of a!l peopleg who have made a . , . K i e Pr&ervatiOn Act of I966 provides for the ' indiidually or as part of a historic district., To be ' , . .cpntribution to 'wrwh~s histay and heritage. c6rtificstion of lowl~gwemments who& historic liw on .the 'mster, a properly must .be . ' . ' , , ppekation pr0gmi-s m&, prescribed ' . ,

Historic Presetyation' Act of 1966, the Federal grants-in-aid and technical asSistance.trOm SHPO

actiwities at, the local level. At least 10% of the annual Historie Preservation Fund grent made to

nominated by the state,' As 8 part'of the National

Government established, at the state level, a Stab Historic P r e s e d n Office (SHPO). The

the States under the.& most be distributed to the CLGs. Then,'intum, the Newcastle CLG,may offer,'assistance to owners interested ,in the

SHW oftice has the responsibility of identifying historic properties and 'nominating properties to ihe,National 'Rsglster. , This involves asisting those indiiuals who own historic properties and who ,am interested in , getting their property registered.

Ordinatil~,'Natbnal Register formi to,.nominate tehabiliion of historlcprbpertbs am among the 'properties a& pbpared by local cltizens or by the I most .useful tools a local gdveminent can use to staff of the State Historic Presglvation officer. , protect and enhance its histow, e*mnment These nomination forms are then submitted to a There are several federal tax klcentives that appiy state review board. Thii review board makes a to, particular kinds of p w t v a t i h actMties for recommendation to the ' Maze Histork , , 'kquirementsofthe Nationld Register&&. hl . 'perticulffr p~rposes. The two most widely used

' ' Preservatiy, Officer either to approve, the' interested o&& is, better advised b, pursue an federal incentives, how+r, ay the hisloric nomination if in the Wr@s opinion it meets the , ' individual nammatiMl fortheir building.' rehabilkitkm . fax credit. and the ' charitable

,-Inion deducffon. national Register criteria or twdisapprcpre the nomination tf it does not. If In agreement with the

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o buildings in Newcastle .. ' standanls. CLGj in turn, is eliiible for special

to assist ,.them , in carrying out ptyervati00 . of Historlc Places.

' Office on West,. .

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Secretary of the lnteiior as. contrib,uting to the '

' historic significance of the dim' part 1 ,'evaluations need not be prepaid tor buildings already individually listed on ,Ule

The Ta'Refonn Act of 1986 permits qwneb,and some lessees of historic buildings to take a ~ 0 % '

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inkme t& credit on the cost of rehabilitating such ; ,A te@@mcfhisto& di& is any , d i W listed in blational Register: A building wlfhin a district must buildings for industrial,'wmmeitjaJ, or Mtfd the National 'Register or any district which' is be certified,. has@ on .review of .a ,Part 1 residential purposes. A similar 10% income tax ,designated .under a state or IoCal sWre which application, as contributing to the slgnmmnOe' of credii is available for non-historic buildings built ' ' ' has been, certifiai by the Secretary of thp ,Interior that disbld. ..Part 1 applications are also used to

as containing criteria which will, substantially gain preliminary. heterninations 'of,signifim,ce for achieve' , the- purpose , Of. : preserhg and . indiiidual building not' yet listed in the Register,

A tax credii,dirs from an Income tax'd(s8ucUon. rehabKing buildings M,,significance to th@ '

'these d&minations bedome final when such I . An income tax deduction, Iowqrs ,the amwiit of' , . district, and which is cemded by the Sy~tary is buildin@ are actually listed.

income subja~to taxation. ' A tax credit, however, meeting substantialiy a[, of the requirements for ,

the,listifig of districts in the National Register.. ' Pmposed ,rehabilitations am '. ofthe application form. NPS'issues a preliminary

lowers the am0unt;of tax owed., In general, a dollar of tax credit reduces the,amount of income tax owed by one dollar., The 20%- rehabition A 'cemiSed wW&ffon is 'my @habiit?tion bf a approval of 'proposed worlc to projects that, as tax ciedit equals 20%,of the amount spent in a certified histdc shucture whdhthe Secretary has , ,desnibed, meet he 'Sewstary d the Infeffw's. certified rehabibYion of, a . certiried NstoriC . certified, to the Semt@ry of the Treasury 88 being , , Stan&& for R&&&tion. The preiiminary structure. The 10% rehabilitation bx .credit ahsistent with the .historic character of such ' ' , approval becomes final when the :work is equals 10% of the amount spent to r e h a b i i a ' stnrcture'and, whele aljplicaBle, wEth the district'in .: completed and MPS can, certiry' hat the non#isforicbui/dhgbuin b h r e 1936. ' ' which such structure is locatad; .: , . , Standards" haje, in.fact, h n met.

Regarding h e 2096 rehabilitetion tax credt oniy, ' ' In order to'get a building'or rehabilitation krti~Ied, '. 'NPS charges. a 'k for reviewing rehabilitation

the law ' also pmits depreciation Of s@ , 'PIPS, reqiiim that owners complete a special .' certification requests, .wed on .the cost of improvements over 275 'years for a rental fyn-~' the Historic Preselvation Certification rehabaitation. Historic Presenration Certificatjon residential property and bver 31.5 years for rlon- ,' Application (Form '10-168), ' foi all, certification ' Application forms are available , h m SHPOs and

the NP$ Regional offices. residential propetty. The 'mhabil i i iated building mquests. ' The. form is. divlded inb, three parts: must be a cerlified historic structure thatis subject ' ,&rt 1 for evaluating the hi~@fic significance of. a . :

and Part . 3 for r6questing certification' of T e k I income :tax the value of historically important land areas

certified as meeting standards established by the:

and certified, historic structures donated to National Park Senrice (NPS). . ' . ' , completed work,

A certified 'histo& sfmcture is. any' stricture, An appliiolrs are submitted to,' and reviewed , governments and other appropriate recipients for '.

subject to depredation aS defined by the Internal .' by, the State, HLstoric PreServation Qfker (SHPO) historic 'preservation purposes. Donations of Revenue We, which 'is listed individually in the befdtqsubmissionb, NPS. NPS makes@eRna.; . partiai 'interests in ~ such properties (e.0. National Register,of c P h e s or 16ct~ied in a ' cettifidm'dec~sion affer considering the SHW, easements) ye ~ I S O deductible. ' '

registered historic and certifled .by the m m e n d a t i m .

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. . ' ' before 19%.

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L to depreciation, and the rehabilitation must be building; Pad 2 for descnimg, rehabilitation work, C CoMr&&onDedmn:' ,

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. , The range of, properties ,on which deductions can Enhancement 4cfnmieS -' LBcal :(TEAL) fw those up b $2OO,OOO with a 10% match. The TEAS be daimed for, donations is broader than that on projects that m' sponsored by local entitles and .process is hdndki through a written request to which.the're~abilitation,c~..can be cl@med. . ' gmerally located off or away from the State the 'WYDOT Risaict Eng'wl. The request is Archeological sites, rural historic districts,. and Highway. System. , ' evaluated and reviewed with considemtion. to its, other land areas on or eligibl&for the National merit as Bn addyon to or enhancement of the Register are included, as are land areas wjthin. . Transportation enhancements rn 'aansportafhn- state highway system. A major consiUeration,'is historic dsMcts, and 'huts adjacent to p , r o m , . , : ' ,related activities that are 'designed to Streng!by its affect on highway safety. individually, listed, on the Register where such .the. cuitud, metic, and environmental *cts . . ,

areas contribute to the historical integq d such of the nation's intermodal Transportation system A project to be eligible utldqr a %SCOW wtegory properties. Properties do not ' have to 'be ' . Enhancement are of three majoicakigorbs: non- should be r i i on, efigiple fw, or determined to depreciable in order for ihe charitable contrib,ution . motoked facilities, such as pedestrian and be a pfitpe candidate for the Natiolial Register of deduction to be taken; bicyde pathwm aesihet5c improvements, such ,' Historic Places: The State Historical ,P,resetvation

, , as kndwping and other scenic beautlficatlon; 'Officerb4l assist.inthesedet&minaiions. In Mst. and historiC preservation of transpopoltation w, public access is essential to any facaities,.'such as r~ovatiofVrehabilitation,of'an - ' enhancement project, and the site must be

' ' hi&& depbt. Eligibillty, ~hhever, is fuMw awssible to the public at all times. Exceptions d&nedto include hlstoric'preservation in general. to this are seasonal conditions, posted hours of , ,

ope&'on, and .Sites unable to meet ADA A transpoitation enhancement pmject i n i t relate, requiremen$. tosurfacewansportationandhamatieastoneof : ' .'

the ftiuowing features ' function - 'the proposed ,, Property 'owners interested in TEA-ZI 'funding project must sew? as a functional component Of , should first wtact the W Y F T District Enginwr

. .the owera# transpo@tion system; Prbximtly -:W , &,dim their purposed project and dewmine

within the VieWShed of the tmqmtatim system,

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E. Tea-21 .funding

. Transportation enhancem& wm initidly . . ,.provided in the Intermodal Sutface Transportation Efficiency h'of 1991. During, the 6 y&rs of the funding cycle, .wer $20, milon was spent 'on statewide transpowon enhancement projects.

in wy&ig and 'natimrje, the , a q & of this program by .muhidpal and,' ,county proposed 'project 'must be located 'or 'situated , its eligibility. I , I

governmehts to its continwtion in the succeeding federal b.anspwtatlon at3 passed in or impact, -.the proposed projeci must, have a IN98 mlled'the Transpohati6n Equky Act for the positive ' impact On the . overall' pnspottation , ,

Z F Century or TEA-21, system.

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F. State Level Programs

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m-21 retiin@ the e n m m e n t program intact The Main ,Street in down&n kwca&'is a state ~ThwwyMning Office &State Lands and-, With only minor modiications. The Wpming Mhway 4, therefore, any prole& proposed for Investmen$ provides loans from funds within the TranspwtatiOo Enhancement Program has been ' thk area,WOUld fall in the TEAS Or 'On system" ' State's Pehanent Mineral Trust Fund. The fashioned into two separate categories: categoty. .To date, TulS funding in Wyoming has program aids titles,, counties, and special astricts ThspoW& Enhancement Activitias - State been sssigned ' until, the 'year 2003. 'Proposed in providing infrastru&E needs and. other (TW) or those located on 'or adj- to the. , projects are evaluated as ' hey am' recsivad. ' ., facilities for the public goad. Joint Powers ~ c t s$te Hghway @&,m (SHS), and Trampo&&n . Funding for projects can. be awarded for amounts

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independent businesses, both new and, already , ' , faciliies direct guamnteed' l w s 'a@ av&lable. ' ' ,

to public'entities in rura~ are& and t&ns of up to 50fio,@no people.

loans vary. in term @m 5 to 30 years at an ittaresfrate of 7.25 pemi-~k. established:

Celmed , DeveYolJment CommunlhrDevelopment B l o c k G m . Community Developmht 'Block Grant (CDBd) ProCrR%!l: ~ ': ,G. ' Foundation . . Grants funding is administerqd,bythe Wyoming Buslness PmvldeS gmwing busine&x:with long-tern, Council. Qualifying economic development fixed-rate flnancing for major, fixed assets, such , .

projects. include planning, only, ' technical iand and buiidings. A CertJfied Development . The Whim Communb F&@ 'on supPoits assistawe, jcbtwining, dobqnkm development, Company is a nonprofi,,cwpMation ,sat up 'to rural development and community development convertible Iks, . b a t loan, and infrastructure' contribute to, the' economic development of !ts W i d e ' and focuses its gar&, in the general projeck. The program budget for the year 2000 . amjunky or region. CDCs work'wth the SBA area of arts and ci~lture, civic prbjects, education, was $3.4 million. In addttion to administering the and prhate sector lenders to pravide finahcing to 'mwwatjon and n$ud IC)~OUW, and

and human senrioes. wards t y p i i ~ y ran* from $SO0 to'$5,Oaa; however, larger and smaller

CDBG program; the Wyoming Business Council is Small businesses. a resource for other economic development" acticjies' ind has developed strategic Pi L&&S: awards are ma& 'at times. : As noted wii, partnerships with burriness, industry,.' education, b E b w r . h e a v i l y invdvd'in SEA Newmtte could form Its own community and cMc grwps on a statewide level. ~oanguaranty processing and have met cirrtain , , .,foundation . for purposes of downtown , I

criteria They recaive a partial delegation of revltaliin. . ' ,

the SEA on their applications:

WVOmlna PwQualRicaUon .Pilot Loan &B!BE lntermdiiies assist Prospective bormwers, in. developing viable loan application packages and

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CornPam ' lCDq ,

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, , G. ' , Level Pfogiams .'. ' , authwity and are given a threeday tumawnd by ' ' '

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. . H.., PrivateFunding

iro.m.rarge infusions of capital. to labor for special projects, maintenance, and dean-up ,amities,

,'ptVate investors,' civic groups, and Mizen. '~ . , . , vdunteers are valuable sourn fw funding and

implementation, , ,

The US. Srnd. ' Business Administration '(SBA), through its Wyomi i ,district 'office, offers a ,

number of mtancing ~~sources: '.

(sslcl , seduringloans: Small. BuslneSs, Investment C o m m

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SB[& l ~ d by ' the 'Small Business Administration, are privately organized and privately managed investment firms. hey qe , 'financing resources.' . .

particpants in a 'v l ta 'par tnersh ip,Ween . . , '

government, and the private sector economy. Wjul their own capital and with funds homed at ' ' ,

favorable rates through the fedet&govemmentl '

'The US. ~eparbne,nt of ;,Agriculture (USDA); '. , ' " .

. . $iough' ihr Wyoming Mces, 'offew a number d . ,

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USDA Ri&DeveloMneM PI- Granb and illsuret! and gGarante6d loans for

' . SBlC's +rowde venture capital' @ small communky facilities, utility and busines low 'sin,& @ily homes,. nu#ipIe-famQ Pmiects,

, . j and gmits, andkasig programs. Community , .

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AppendiA ..

Following are the tabulated responses to the dtizen input sutveys. The first survey was completed only by business and properly Owners in the downtown study dishict. The s m n d survey was completed by community members at @. Under "CMnmentS" are verbatim participant responses.

SURVEY NO. 1 - Business and Property Owner Responses (20 respondents) -March 23,2000.

, . Downto\dn R&!ali@ion Master PI& Project Newcastle, Wyomhg . ,

. . -- ~ CITIZEN INWT QUESTIONNAIRE

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participatibn in this workshop and completion of this questionnaire is appreciatedl! , ,

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1. Please indmte your associatiim with the Newme Downtown Revitalization Master Plqn Proiect. (chedc dhaf apply)*

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5% P m j d Facelift Committee - North East Wyoming Economic Development Wk ion , ' , ' , HistoW Socibiy ' .

Town of Newcastle Representatbe ' . (agency/depaftment) , . , sate of Wyoming Other Governmental Representaw

,Property or Business Owner outside Downtown Area 55% Resident of Newcastle

Other .' ~ ' '

10% , ' Weston Cwnty Representawe (agenW/cjepariment) . ,

(agency/deparboe0t), . ,

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.' Burlington Northe.th Railroad Representative

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. . . . mis is in addition to status d downtown businesdproperty oVmer,or governmental official.

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2. ' Please rats M a t yw believe k~ bs the most impmhf problem or m n m that the N&ca&o D '. .,,

on Project should address? (p/ease,wte: h n a s t i m p o ~ t o 10-leaqfimpotWt~ ( t ~ ~ k s i n terms ofm'.l)

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65% ' .~irnige.ofNewcastie . . ,

' , .' 10% ' Cinxrktion - vehicularand/or pedesMan

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0 ~Handicappedaccessibiltty ' . ,

10% Parking 0 ,security: , ' ,

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' , 0 Recreationlpark Development

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' ' 10% SociallCuMralDedopment 0 Historic PresenrationfRenova~on 15% Maintenandcleanup 45% . Business lmprtyement 8 Econdc D~velopmeni i,o%

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Downtown Improvements (Iig~ng,bench,m trees, etc) Other: . . , ,

3. tmage - Please indicate your characterization ofthe image of NywAIe. ' (Mof le Q~/Y) , , ' , , I : , ,

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Good Image ' 35% Average Image @& POar Image'

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Other Comnients: Its aettina better; Verv iunkv - needs cleanina verv badhr; , ,

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~lookslike~son,hardUmes.' . , . , , ,

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4.' Businesses and SeMcas - Please indicate your experkg~ce with the.avallability and'conv.~ience of shopping and personal servih in . '(checkone . .

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W) 5% Good Mix of B m i n k ' a n d Senrices m d e q u a t e Mix'of BushesseS and SdW 70%Poor Mix Of B u s l n ~ and Sprvices

Other Commeilts:,Retaii showina is inad eauabexceot for liawr: Vwv M e retailshaDDina on Mai n St. * Ple ntv of Services .few QW. , . *We need more D Needs new and diffemt businesiea: Relative. businesses - we are clW to RaDid and fit3 $s ao to S

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paga 63 . . .

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5. socWFWfeationaVCultuml'Opportuniti~ - Please indicate your imp,ressions about the social, recreationali and cuItu@l qywrtunities forthe &&IS of Newcastle. . ,,

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(check on& one] , I I -

'Above Average g& Adequate Facilities and Opportunities Available ' ' . , :

~ ' - 6096 NeedAdditiona.Facilitiesand Qporhlni!ies , ' , ; , .

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Ofher comments: Most opuorhr fl&S RIovided !JV thinoS WtS ide Newcastle: Needs .~ lots of heb: Relative. . .

.6. Vehiwlar cirwlation - P@ indict& your impressb,about the Row of traffic and adequaq of parking within the downfvn area. , . . (check all fhat appivl ' ' . ,

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70% ~ T& lights and signsare we l i -pW and adequate. 50% Onatreet barking spa . is adequate. 15% ' Street paddgg - pawng lots - are well-placed and adequate. 3% TraR circulationand a c W is adequate.

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' , - Other Comments:Not enouah parlcina for m ~ l e to shoo: I usin .Poor parkina, 1 snow' off- 'n had u ' . aiun in

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7. Housing - Please indicate your knpregsiions about the need brand benafit of additma1 housing, such as apartments, in the downtown area. (check one , ,

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, ' 25% ' D o w k n businesses and services would benefit frQm downtown residential housing. : ~

' Housing in walking distance from businesses and services would benefit and ettract celtain~com'munity members.

25% : , housing .in downtown area is tiot desirable. ,

Housingmis &equate@ downtwunarea. , , , '

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. , ' , ' other C o m b @ : ' ' Hwsinok inadeauate in all areas:'Aoarhn ents on se&nd.level . . . would . mwse traffic as well as keeu main ~ooro~en for business.

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NM S U ~ . it jb lace and would be acce~ted if brouaht ua in the riaht manner: There aren't many old buildinus left to renovate: helo.

Other Comments: Stronalv a m if mwev exists to do so: The downtawn area needs to be mwied bv SUccessAd @@I 'I businesses. res tored emDtv buildinas wouldn't

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, . 12. Downtown Improvements - PWe.indimte what type of physical enhancements you would like to me in % Downtown 'Revitahtion Project &ea. (ch& a/, mat

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WPM

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Do Not Support Any lmproviments 35% BenchmTmsh WpWk-Bk,R&

, , 25%' street Reconstruciion 25% P*t Parks or PublicSquares 60% Store Front Renovation 20% , .StreetLighting ,~ . . 459'0 ' 'Trees and/$ ShnrWFlower Plantings '

5% Interpretive Signs . ,

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io% Directional & Information Sgy ,

,2096 Brick Or Colored Saw- , , ,4046 ~. ' Off-stp3tParkjng ' ' 80% . ClWI-~pOfVaCant BUildingsllOts ', ,' ' . other

13; Special Attention - Please indicatp the most important issue the NwaptIe D & n t b ' ReviMiiation Mwter Plan Pr@ect should explore. lnvohrementlsuoowt ofthe downtown business/oroperiv Wvn em: Imam - deanu~ : U s e trains as an attractilon duma davliohf end ~. at niaM i l l qe.whistles,sa 1

sleeti: Creatina an hnaae that will attract business: Clean-UD and acb 'We vacant lots and buildinas: A& retail outlets. brinaina in more business: ' ize viltuallv all barkina in !&In %.area: M o w to attracttourisin and business:Aaeh 'devialk Mok Darkha - senior cltwns utd ..

'Rmlacement ,of most of the ., SI .

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, , 35 % Municipal Legel Funding ( C a p i f d h n p r o m f Fu@

50. 55 % Federal F u k i i i ... (TuI-Zf)(avg. /e@34), '

5 , .% OtherGmts

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" , 45 ' % County Fundlng (Sates. T&f contnbufi~$ % sfate Funding ... (WYDOT, Farm L m , COSG, State,. . ,

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,, 5 . ' % Pltvaze Cotitributions~On~,.. (N6 PubkFUndilngl , . ,

,1. ' Plciase indicate ywr association with the Newcastle Downtown RfsttaliZation Master Plan Prcjwt.. , . , '. (check an that apply) . ,

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. - 20% , ProjectFaceliiComrnittee - Notth East Wyoming Economic Devekymknt . . Coalion 13% HistoncalSociety . ,

Weston County Representative ' ' .(ageneyld@paftrnent) Town of New&& Representative

Other Governmental Reprekentative . . (agency/depaitment) : ' .

(agency/depamntl ' , . ,

(WeymJarbnent) , . . State of Wyoming

Budington Nwfhem Railroad Representative , _

, , 27% ' Property or Business,Owner outside'Downiown Area , .

47% Resident of Newcastle 20% , 'Other Chamber of Commerce, former citi, mdlman - ' .

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' 2. Please rate what you believe to be the most impottant problem or wnmm that the Newcastle Downtown Revitalization Project should address? ( P / w rate: I-most impoiiant to l@%astimpoftant)o(rasul$ in terms of no. 1)

4G?h Image of New& 7% Circulation -vehicular and/or pedestrian 7% Handicapped accessibility 20% Parking O S W r i t y

Appendix A pase 67

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.7%' , RecreationlPark Deveiipment . ' 7% SodallCulturalDevelopment ' ' .' 20% Historic PrmwatiomRenovation 13% Maintenance/Cleanhp' '

27% ' Business Improvement & Ewnamic8Devebpment '. j3% .Downtown lmp.pfemf&s (lighting, benches, trees; etc.) - other: Need to shm in local communilv - 7%. Dsveloa a klf-heli attitude^ -don't wait for someone else to make i m m . . . a& - 7%; Soeaflsh

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, . SD e00d exa bob - Drettvstrwi rits, fountains. statues. - 7% . .

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.3. Image - Please indicate your charactwiza~on,of theimage'of Newcastle. (dreckm on&). ',

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Good linage 40%' ' Averagelmage ,W% Pwr Image , . . . , ,

Other Comments: Aoathv and ianokme. we defniteh need ah imam to vv~rk from.and deanui of wr mmunitv. ~. I love . . our town - but'it isnv ~rethc Need 1"

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' ' imiressionimarovem&i

,4., Businesses and Setvices - Please indicate your experiencf~wlth th0,avaiIability and &venience of shoWjing and person@ servl& In &kast!e? (@eck F e : . , , ,

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,1346 , Good MM of BusinesseS and.SeMc& Poor Mix of Businesses and SaMceS

for Pamida - clothes and 5 and dime tMe items. etc.,

27%. Adequate M i i of B u s i k and Sertices' , .

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OtherGomments:N&&e Mode real& ' tFI hard and care: Good va&@ is available, iust scattered and in Ulooical locations; We desderatelv need coma Won . ,

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5. S o c i ~ e c r e a t i i o n ~ C u l t u ~ Opportunities - please indicate your impressions aboutthe social, wreatioqa~, end,cultu~. opporhmiiei for the citizens of Newcastle. 1 ,

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(check only me)

- 7% ' .Aboq Average 67% b e d AddN&al Facilies and Oppottuoities . , , ,

. , 2046' Adequc$e'Fadlities and Opportun&ies Available , ,

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other Comments : '

. . ' been pood for senior s k and alternatives for seniors: Somethino for vounPer wle. teenatlers: Not suk Communitv twe recreation downtown. It has Hiahschool football takes all of the &@able ~ k : Newcastle communitv tries hard: with New Hme Adult DavCaare m l n a ,

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' , . , , , 60% 'Traffic lights and iigniare w&pla~ed aid ac!&uiie., ' ' . . ,

, , 33% 33%

. ' 40%

On-street paMng space is adequate:

TraR circulation, and access is adequab. ., , . . . ow-stfstreet p m g - pmng lots - are wercplaced and adequate. ,

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m; uaik 8 where the lanes evea are. wkve , ' , yVe need 'better street matkidnes: If vou dofi't live here. who.!mws , , , whe re to d@& tu , ,.

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7: ; Housiryl ; Pleamindicate your impr&ons about the need for and benefit of addiional housing, sudh a8 apartmentS~ln,the'dpwntwn 'mi ' , , , (check one .. , , .

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33% . .D&ntownbus 2% Housingin

, . 7% ' Hokingisadeq 13% . ' Additional hausing m d

nts dver businesrestand commons areas a reasreat ldea to keeu 'a flow of life -: Other Chments : downtown: Anv life is an bnpmvement Hous@o in the downtown area hartme peo& m i w and adna in our downtown at all thnes of dav and nioht.: Neutral on these.isSues.

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8. Historic P&ation -' Do you believe. ttie downtown area'woukl beneat from effork to preserve andlor restore hihrlc buildings? (cnsck one on&) ' . . ,

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. . 73%sbMlglyAgree '. a strongly Dlsagrqe , =No Opinion

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' Building appeapce doesn't impacl downtown activky , .

hand has been, ec(ectic: , . M q m l e he ve liie $: Onlv ., . if used. . ' . . Othercbmments ' '

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B. AppaarandMetics "Do you bdieve thedoimown building style, signs, wm, and streetscape amenities should be of a consistent and Mpatible nature?

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- 13% Noopinion, ' 67% ' . strongb Agree . 7% . stroryrb Diagree 7% Uniformity of style and appearan? doesn't 'impact downtown activity

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@her Comments: ft would be nice: but'bre's alreadv auiie a mbc of &ek Van+ is the mice of lib: I ,don? &ink we.need indMdual businesses to follow a theme. but we do need zones and ordinances thatcontrol the tvoes of buildink We do need unlformihr of the commdn ark. sidewalks. street liihtsi etc.

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.' .lo. ,.Economic OppottunitiedCommunity Growth'-.Please indiwte the iype,of,economic dev&pm?nt.you perceive as feasible &d desirable for the h m u n i t y of I ' , ,

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.Newcastle. (chediallfhatapply) ~

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Do N@ Suppotthy Development

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67% ' Tourism

27% . ' Medical Services 47% EducathnakSetvices .

60% Industry 20% Governmental Fdl i ies 27% Transportation ,~ ' , , ,

s3% .Natural Resources 33% ~ ' CommerciciaVServica

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67% RetiremenWacatlion Communiti& , . , .

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1 I . Safely - Please indicate your imp&sions br safety and infonnatimal features in the downtown areas. , ,

(check all ulat apply) - . ,

- 40% Existing sM& and informatiyal signs are adequate. 53% Tlrlffic lights and signs are adequate. , ,

20% CrosswalkS/siciewaksafeadequaie. ' ' . ,

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. , 53% Street lighting 'is adequate.

13% .

Othercomments

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r ' . ' NEMJ &street maarkinas: ACCBSSI 'bili i is vew wor to mmv . . stores an d the sidewalk4 ,

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12. Downtown Imprimme& - Please indicab what iype 9f physical, enhancemenis yot'would like to see in the Downtown Revitalbaton Project . . Area. (check all,.thaf , .

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. . 7 DO Not Suppat Any Improvements.

' , , 33% ,StreetReconstructian ,5346 Benches-Trash ReceptacIwBii 33% Pcckei Parks or,PuMic Squares 53% StMe Front RMOV@On

, , 47% ' Stre&t&ht& 53% Trees and/or Shwb/FIwr Plantings , .

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Appendis: A

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, , Wyoming State Historic Pdervatiw Mfice ., ' ' . '

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National Reaister Criteria for Evaluafion

The quality of SignifimnCe in American histwy, a r c h i i r e , archWiogy,,engineering, and culture is p9mt in d i i , sW, buildings, strucbres and objects , ,

. . , that ,possess integrity Or iocation, destgn, setting;materiak, workmanship, feeling, , , and asxiation'and

' , . a. . that are kcdated with events that have made a'signifkant EontriaUtontothe broad patterns of our hiory; or '.

b. that ace associated wlth the lives of &sons significant in our past; or

.c. that embody the distinctive ~hamderistiq $a type, pedod, or method of Cononstnx;tion, or that represent the work of a master, o r t h a t p s e s high

d. that have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information Impokyttin preRistMy or history:

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artistic values, or that rq)resent a significant and diqtinguishable entity whose components may iadc lndlvidual dlstlnction; or, ' , ,

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Crlteria conskferalh: O@inarily cemeteries, biimplaces, or grav&'of histokal figures, pro#erties owned by religious iWutlons6r used for mligious ' I , . '

.purposes, muchfres that have bebn moved from theipollginal iqations,. rewdmcted historic buildings, properties primady CommemoratWe in nature, and properties that have achieved signflcince within the past 50 years shalt not be considered eligible for the NaUonal Register. Howaver, such pppwtk? wiii qualify if they are integral parts of dis@& $d do meet the m a or if they fall withi following mtegories: , '

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a. a religious properly detiving primary significance from arehiteciuralor artistic diinction or histotikl impom& or b. a building or smlcture rernovsdfwm itworiginal localion, but which is significant primarily for architectural value, or which is the krviving &cture

m d , importantiyassociated with a hiik person or event; or c ' a'bkthplace or grave of a historkxdfigure of outstanding impolta?ce if, there is no other appropri&e.Sae or building directly @deted with hidher

d. . a cemetery that ,derives its p w significance from. graves of pe*ns of transcendenfimpotlance, from age, from distinctive fwtures, y from

,e. a reconstructed building when..~uletety execu$d'in a suitable environment and presented in a.ygniffed ma& as part of a,pstomtion master plan,

f. ' 'a properly primarily wmmemorafive in intent if design, age,,traditon, or symbolic,valOe has imrestad kwkh its own historical significance; or ' '

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productive lire; or , .

e d @ o n with historic event$ OF . , , , ,

ahd no other building or structui with the sheakc iat ion has suwived; or

a prope@ achieving signiicance within the past 50 years if it is of exceptioilai importance. , , ' . .

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f the InteriOPS standards for RehabHkation . , , . .

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Every rfsjonable,effort shall be made-to prwidea cdmpatiblg uSe for a propem which requites ndnimal alkation ofthe building, structure, or sfte &d its enviromm or to use the property for its originally i n t e w purpose.

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' , The diskguishing Odginal qualities or character of abuitding,,stwture, siB'or its environment shall not be de&oyed. The remwal or alteratron of a y histciric , . .

, ., ,material or distinctive archi i ra l features shoutd be avoided when possible. . . , .

3: , All buildings, structures, &id s k shall be recogniiql as products oftheir b n time.. Alterations that.have no hist@af.bkis and which seek byeate '

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4. Changes which-may have taken pl& in the couk of time are &den& ofthe history and deveGmentA a bulldmg, &re, or site an These changes imiy have acqujred signiticanCe in'their own dght, and ulis signiffcanoe shall be recqn@ed and wpeC$d.

Distinctive styli* features or exatnples'of skilled craftsmanship which charactelize a buikling, structure, w'&e shall be WaM'with sensitivity.

.&briorated .architectural features shall be repairsd ratherthen replaced, whewier possible. In the event replacement is n k a & , ' t h e new material should match the material. being replaced in composition, design,, color, texture, and other'visual qualleii, Repair or replacement of missing atchtechrral features should ,be 'based .on acwmfe duplications offe+?ures, substantfated by historic, physical,' or pictoria! evidence rather than ,on conjectural designs or the

The surf& cleaning ofshudures Shall be'undeflakq with the gentlest means' possible. sandblasting and other clkning methods that.will damage the' historic building @eri@s shall not be und&takmi

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, , , availabilii , . of , different archiitural elements fom , , other . buildings or structures. , '

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8. ' '' Eve4 reasonable effort stiaii be made to p r k and preserv8,mheot

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i&rces affect& by, or aUjacei$ to, W ' p r q k '

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,' 9. hMempwary design for altemtiOns and,@diions to existing propeitks shall nbt be discouraged when such alterations and adgMons do nd de&y significant ' historical, architectural, or cultural material, antsuch design is eompaiible withme size, d e , color, material, and character of the praperty, neighborhood, or ~~.

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environment.

10. Whenever possible, n& additions or alterationst0 sbtures shall be done in such a manner that if such.additions or alterations were to be &moved in the Mure,' theessentialformandinteg~ofthestructure.woutdbeunimpahed. ., . , . ~

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A buiwing contributing b the historic significance of a dstn'ci is-one'whieh by location, design, setting, m

'k building not conkibuting to the historical significancc.of a district is one which does'not.@d k tpe dihct's sense of t i i i and, PI& and historical development; or me where the integrity of the lirtion, design, setting, materials, workmanshp, feeling, and association has been so M e , M or has so deteriorated $at the overall integrity of the building ha$ been irretrievably lost. '

3.' 2 . Ordinarily buildings that have been built within the past 50 yearSihall not be cdnsidered b contritrute to the significance'of a dlsftict unless a Stmg justification concerning their historid or archiicturd merit is given octhe h i i r id attributes ofthe district are , . considersd , to be iess than 50 years OH.

the district's sense of time and placeand histqrical development. , . , , , . . . . , .

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' For mbre'information s& The'Tmspo&m FuNing Progrms.hb/Wm. This &bllcation and additional informatkil are available from: , . ' ' '

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Wywning Department of Transportation (#'DOT),

Cheyenne, \NyB2oo0-1708

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'. office of ka.Govemment Cuodination , ,

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PO Box 1708 . . .

(307) 674-2300 . , , ,

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For more information see The 'TH-21 U#fGuide at www.tea-2l.h , .

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To determine eligiblity and to discuss a propbsed project pl&e contact: , . , ,

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Wyoming ,DepaNnent of Transpottatton (WUWT)

P O B o x W . . , .

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District Engineers Of@% . .

(307) 6742300 , ,

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. , " Sheh,WY82801 . . . , , ,

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Page 75 , , b . .

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, . ' Appendix B

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, . . , . The ~ational ~rust to i Htstork: Presetvation

The.National Main Street center works wiul local govimmwtts and Uevebpmentorganizatlons tc,pmvide a number of downtown revifalitiGn services from general '

startVp ,issktance to highly specialized consultation. 'Me Center conducts workshops and publishes $eyerel book 6n topiw relating to downtown,r&lizatiion projects.

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National Main Street Center, National Trust ' . , ,

1785 Massachuh,Avenue, NW ,Wbhingkm; DC 20036 ' '

h.mainst.org

Community Development Block Graq Program

222 S. Gill& Ave., Suite 402 , , '

Gil!&e;WY8nl7 , ' . , ,

(307),685-0283', '. ' '

www.wvominatourism.cra/wbc

USDA Rural Devel~pmsnt Programs ,. , ' ,

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. . , No;theastern Region Wyoming Busink Council ' ' ' , . .

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, . USDA- WodandSub-AwOffice . . . , ' ' ' . ,

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&mrdev.usda.awbq

SBA Financing Programs

Small Business Administration 100EastB ,, ,

Casper, WY 82601 . .

(307) 261.6500 www.sba.aw/wy

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Worland, WY 82401-2914

. , . (307) 347-2802

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, . , . Page 76 . ,

. . .. , Appendw B. , .

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