Forty Hadlth from Forty Companions

through Forty Shuyiikh

10 COLLECTIONS OF FORTY I:IAOITHS

Forty I:Jadiths from Forty Companions

through Forty Shuyukh

(UI ~~I ~}J4 (1:..)'1

J:IAFI~ AJ:IMAD IBN 'ALI

IBN J:IAJAR AL-'ASQALANI

TURATH PUBLISHING

Copyright: Turath Publishing 1435/2014 lSBN: 978-1-906949-29-7

Published by: Turath Publishing 79 Mitcham Road London sw17 9PO

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without written permission of the publishers.

Author Translation Editors Introduction & notes Ifadith Riferencing General Editor

Al)med ibn 'Ali ibn Mul)ammed ibn J:lajar al-'Asqaliinl Aisha Bewley Uwais Namazi and Ibrahim Amin Dr. Mansur Ali Shaykhab Fatima Patel Yabya Batha

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data al-'Asqaliinl, Al)med ibn 'Ali ibn Mul)ammed 'Ali ibn J:lajar Imtii' Bi al-Arba'n al-Mutabiiyanah as-Sarna' I. Title

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CONTENTS

Publisher's preface 9 Editor's Introduction 13

The Forty Hadith Genre 13 About the Author 16 About the Book 21 Editorial Work 29

Author's Introduction 33 AbuBakr~ 39 'Vmar ibn al-Khattab ~ 41 'Vthman~ 43 'AlI~ 44 TalJ:tah ibn 'Vbaydullab ~ 46 Az-Zubayr~ 49 Sa'd~ 50 Sa'Id [ibn Zayd] ~ 52

'Abd ar-RaJ:tman ibn 'Awf ~ 54 Abu 'Ubayda ibn al-JarraJ:t ~ 56 Anas~ 58 Burayda~ 60

Tamlm~ 62

7

Al-Arba''in

Thawban~

Jabir~

I:Iazirn ibn I:Iarmalah ~

Khawwat ibnJubayr ~

DiJ:!yah~

Dhu al-Yadayn ~

Rafi' ibn 'AInr ~

Zuhayr ibn ~urad ~

AbuSa'Id~

Shakal ibn I:Iumayd ~

~uhayb~

pumayrah ~

Talq ibn 'All ~

?:uhayr ibn Rafi' ~

'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud ~

Gharafah ibn al-I:Iarith ~

Fa9alah al-LaythI ~

Qatadah ibn MilJ:!an ~

Ka'b ibn 'Ujrah ~

Laqlt ~

MuJ:!ammad ibnJaJ:!sh ~

An-Nu'man ibn Bashlr ~

Hind ibn AbI Halah ~

Wahb ibn 'Abdullah ~

Ya'la ibn Murrah ~

'Abdullah ibn 'Umar ibn al-Khanab ~

'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas ~, the fourth of the 'Abdullahs

Apendix: Isniids of the I:Iaruths in Full

Endnotes

8

63 65

66

67 68

70

71

73

77

78 80 81

83

84 86 88

90

91

92

94

95

99 101

PUBLISHER'S PREFACE

I n the name of Allah, the All-Compassionate, the Most

Merciful. All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of the

worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon Mul).ammad,

His chosen one, and upon his family and companions, one

and all.

The tradition in Muslim religious literature of gathering

collections of forty Hadiths dates as far back as the first cen­

tury after the Hijrah. 'Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak al-Marwaz!

(d. 181/797-8) is thought to be the first to have gathered forty

Hadiths in a collection, and his lead was followed by later

Hadith scholars such as Mul).ammad ibn Aslam at-Tus! (d.

242/856-7), al-I:Iasan ibn Sutyan al-FasawI (d. 303/915-16),

and many others. Perhaps the most well-known collection is

that oflmaru an-NawawI (d. 676/1278), which has been trans­

lated into English, and on which there are several commentar-

9

Al-Arba'fn

ies including Ibn Rajab's exhaustive ]iimi' al-'ulum wa al-~ikam,

published in translation by Turath Publishing in 2007.

The practice of gathering forty Hadiths springs from a

Hadith, narrated through several Companions, that puts

the spiritual rank of religious scholarship within easy reach

of the ordinary believer: "Whoever memorises forty nar­

rations for my nation in matters of this religion, Allah will

raise him up as a scholar and I shall be an intercessor and

witness for him on the Day of Rising." The narrators of

the various versions of this Hadith include illustrious names

such as 'All ibn AbI Talib, 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, Mu'adh

ibn Jabal, Abu ad-Darda', Ibn 'Umar, Ibn 'Abbas, Anas ibn

Malik, Abu Hurayrah, and Abu Sa'Id al-KhudrI, may Allah

be pleased with them all.

It brings us great joy to present this collection of Ibn

Hajar, who is without a doubt one of our great Hadith schol­

ars. He did justice to BukharI with his commentary. May

Allah forgive him and elevate his status in jannah and may he

unite us with him injannah. Ammen.

I would like to thank Sister Aisha Bewley for the ini­

tial translation and thereafter I would like to extend my

gratitude to Maulana Ibrahim Amin and Maulana Uwais

Namazi for their assistance in editing. We were honoured

to have the assistance of Shaykhah Fatima Patel, wife of our

beloved Shaykh Mufti Shabbir Patel, Ustadh of Hadith at

10

Publisher's Preface

Darul Uloom Bury. The introduction and the biography of

the companions along with the final edit was compiled by

Dr Mansur Ali. The work set before has come to fruition

due to the hard work and commitment of Dr Mansur Ali. I

pray that Allah bless him in this world and the next.

It is hoped that through acquainting the readers with the

sayings of the prophet, the translator, editor and publisher

and everyone who made this series possible may be included

among those to whom the above Hadith applies: "Whoever

memories forty Hadiths .... "

YAHYA BATHA

11

EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION

I n the Name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Most

Merciful. All praises are for Allah the Lord of the

universe, the most Merciful most Kind. Master of the day

of judgement. Most Merciful most Kind. You alone we

worship and you alone we ask for help. Guide us along the

straight path. The path of those who have earned your fa­

vour. And not the path of those who have earned your anger

and went astray. Ameen. And praise and salutations on our

liege-lord the Prophet!il and his noble and pure family and

the stalwart scholars of this ummah.

THE FORTY HADITH GENRE

The virtue for memorising forty \:laduhs can be traced back

to the Prophet !iI.l Although scholars of \:laduh have criti-

Al-Arba'fn

cally analysed the }:laduh and discussed its defects, it func­

tioned as an impetus for them to create the forty }:laduh

genre. It maybe the scholars' sincerity to carefully practice

the Prophet's tit sunna on the one hand and their scepti­

cal caution to attribute any dubious material to him on the

other that they did not strictly include forty }:ladiths in their

collections. For example imam an-NawawI includes forty­

two }:laduhs in his collection and imam Ibn I:Iajar include's

forty-five }:laduhs in this collection. Nevertheless, the major

motivation for collecting forty }:laduhs has been devotional

with a few exceptions. For example to gain some finan­

cial benefits from Sultan Ahmad III, the Ottoman scholar

Osman Zade Ta'ib wrote a forty }:laduh collection on the

virtues of good health and presented it to the Sultan when

he recovered from an illness.

Scholars have collected forty }:laduhs on a whole range of

topics. These included from one theme only to a number of

themes. An-NawawI identifies a few of these themes such as:

fundamentals of religion (u~i11 ad-din), Islamic law, jihad, ex­

hortation and intimidation (targhib wa tarhib) and etiquettes

(adab). Some of the collections translated and published by

Turath Publishing include: Loving the Prophet's tit family

(al-KattanI), virtues of the Prophet's wives (Ibn 'Asakir), ex­

cellence of the Qur'an ('All al-QarI) and legal judgements

(as-SuyutI). Other topics include as-SulamI's (d. 422/lO31)

Introduction

forty J:!aduh on sufi morals, Abu Nu'aym al-Isfihanl's (d.

430/1039) Kitilb al-arba'fn 'alil madhilhib al-muhaqqiqfn min

a~-~iifiyya, and MuJ:!Iyyuddin ibn al-'ArabI's forty J:!aduh al­

AMduh al-Qudsiyya.

In addition to compiling topical collections, the scholars

also compiled forty J:!aduh collections with regards to spe­

cial features in the isniid. For example, Abu Sa'd AJ:!mad Ibn

MuJ:!ammad al-MalinI (d. 412/1021) compiled a forty J:!aduh­

collection where all the shuykh in the isniid were sufis called

Kitilb al-Arba'fn fi shuyukh ~-~ufiyya. Similarly 'Abdullah

al-FurawI (d. 530/1136) started of the trend of narrating

J:!aduhs from forty different shuyukh. This feature was later

developed by Abu al-FutuJ:! at-Ta'I (d. 555/1160) who col­

lected forty J:!aduhs from forty shuyukh going through forty

Companions. Finally Ibn 'Asakir's teacher Abu Tahir as­

SilafI further developed it in his Kitilb al-Arba'fn al-Mustaghni

bi Ta'yfn milfihi 'an al-Mu'in by narrating from forty shuyukh

from forty different towns. Imam Ibn l;Iajar's al-Imtil'fi al­

Arba'in al-Mutabayyinat as-Simil' follows the above pattern,

since he narrates from 40 Companions through 40 shuyukh

in a myriad of places such as Makkah, in front of the Ka'bah,

between the raw<;la and minbar, Cairo, Damscus, Bayt al­

Maqdis and many more.

Al-Arba'in

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

From where he sat in the house of al-Kharrubi near mount

~afa the scenery was awe-inspiring. He could see people

flocking towards the black stone situated in the eastern cor­

ner of the Ka'ba. He was listening to his first l;taduh lectures

delivered on the $a~f~ al-Bukhiiriby Shaykh 'Aflf ad-DIn. Just

moments before, the twelve year old Ibn I:Iajar had led the

people in tariiwf~ prayer. This first lesson sowed the seed of

love for l;tadIth in the young Ibn I:Iajar's heart to the extent

that he reached the heights of excellence. As-SuylitI calls

him the adh-DhahabI of his time. He says, 'He is the imam of

the hadith scholars of his time, the l;tafI~ of Egypt, its great­

est l;tadlth scholar, nay, the greatest l;tadIth scholar ever to

have lived.' He drank from the well of Zamzam and prayed

to Allah to make him like adh-DhahabI. Allah accepted his

prayer and he surpassed adh-DhahabI in knowledge!

Imam Abu al-Fa<;ll, Shihab ad-DIn Al;tmad ibn 'All ibn

Mul;tammad ibn 'All ibn Al;tmad al-KinanI al-'AsqalanI was

born on 22 Sha'ban 773 hijri (18 February 1372) in the old

quarters of Cairo. He is famously known as Ibn I:Iajar which

was either the name of one of his forefathers Al;tmad or the

latters father's name. He came from a pious and scholarly

family. His father Shaykh Nur ad-DIn 'All (d. 777) was a

mufti and his father's paternal uncle Fakhr ad-DIn 'All was

16

Introduction

a shafi'i faqih and the head mufti of Alexandria. Ibn I:Iajar's

mother died when he was very young and his father died

when he was four. He was looked after by one of his guard­

ian al-Kharrubi who looked after him and educated him

and had an everlasting effect on him. He started maktab

when he was five and memorised the Qur'an in a very short

time. He memorised the entire surah Maryam in a day. He

also memorised Ibn I:Iajib's small treatise on fiqh.

After al-Kharrubi's death, he was looked after by Ibn

al-Qattan who introduced him to the scholar Siraj aI-Din

al-BulqinL Some of his famous teachers include al-Bulqini,

Ibn al-Mulaqqin, al-'Iraqi, Nur aI-Din al-Haythami, 'Izz

ibn al-:Jama'a and the famous lexicographer Majduddin

al-Fayruzabadi (l).adith 35). Some of his famous students

include as-Sakhawi, Qasim ibn al-Qutlubugha, Kamal ibn

al-Humam and Zayn Zakariyya al-An~arL Imam as-Suyu!l

says that he used to frequent the gathering ofIbn I:Iajar as a

child with his father. He may have also heard some l).aduhs

from him although he does not remember. Ibn I:Iajar died

in 852 while as-Suyu!l was born in 849. In addition to his

scholarly activities, imam Ibn I:Iajar also took the public of­

fice of the chief qadi of Cairo. Despite having an aversion

to engage in politics, he took the office of qadi no less than

seven times.

Imam Ibn I:Iajar wrote over 300 hundred books, some

Al-Arba''in

as small as the current book and others going into volumes

covering topics as wide a range as hadith to Arabic grammar

and poetry. Indeed he was a poet by temperament. The most

famous of his books is Fat~ ai-Ban the commentary of $a~f~

al-Bukhan. Ash-ShawkanI says about it, 'Hijra is no longer

required after Fat~.' Ash-ShawkanI uses the same words of a

Prophetic l;1aduh to praise the Fat~ ai-Ban. By it the Prophet

~ meant that it was no longer necessary to emigrate (hijra)

after the conquest ifatM ofMakkah. Ash-ShawkanI intended

by these words that it was no longer necessary to travel

for knowledge since l;1afI~ Ibn I:Iajar has already done the

hard work for us in Fat~ ai-Ban. Upon studying the vari­

ous commentaries of $a~f~ al-Bukhan prevalent in his time,

Ibn Khaldun (d. 80g) says that the Muslims still have a

debt that they must pay to imam al-BukharI for writing the

$a#~. Imam as-SakhawI, Ibn I:Iajar's student says that if Ibn

Khaldun had the opportunity to study the Fat~ ai-Barf he

would have conceded that this debt has been paid.

In addition to the al-Imta~ Ibn I:Iajar also has a number

of other forty l;1aduh collections such as:

1. Al-Arba'un al-'Ashariyat al-Isniid ila aJ-$a~aba

2. Al-Arba'unfi Rad' al-MuJrim 'an Sabb ai-Muslim

3. Al-Arba'un al-Mumtaza bi 'Awalf Sh1':Yukh al-Ijaza

4. Al-Arba'un al-Muntaqa min 'Awali Muslim 'ala al-Bukhan

Introduction

5. Al-Arba'un min Masmu' Ibn 'Abd ad-Dii'im min at-Targhib

li at-Taymi

6. l)iyii' al-Aniim bi 'Awiili Shaykh al-Isliim al-Bulqini

7. Al-'Awiili at-Tiiliya li Mi'ab al-L1liya

8. Mukhta~ar al-Imtii' bi al-Arba'in al-Mutabiiyina bi Shart

as-Simii'

Imam Ibn I:Iajar's fame wasn't unchallenged and unn­

valled. Many scholars interrupted his work as a qadi. His

arch-nemesis was his fellow colleague at the al-Mu'ayyid

school, the famous hanafi scholar and commentator of $abib

al-Bukban Imam Badr ad-DIn al-'AynI (d. 855). Academic ri­

valry between them was perhaps due to a number of factors:

firstly both of them held the office of chief qadi; Ibn I:Iajar of

the shans and al-AynI of the hanafis. Secondly both of them

wrote a commentary of the same book and finally both of

them used their commentary to give leverage to their madh­

dhab. Since al-'AynI wrote his commentary called 'Umdat

al-Qiin after Ibn I:Iajar, he had the benefit of studying and

criticising the latter's work. Ibn I:Iajar wrote two rebuttals

afterword called Intiqiir/ at-Ta'rid and al-Istan~iir 'alii at-Tii'in

al-Mukhtiir. In there, Ibn I:Iajar accuses al-'AynI of plagia­

rising his material. 'AbdurRal;1man al-Ba~IrI (d. 1935), a

Libyan scholar made a study of their differences in his book

Mubtakiriit al-La'iili wa ad-Durar fi al-Mubiikama bayn al-'Ayni

19

Al-Arba'zn

wa Ibn ljajar. AI-Ba~lrl identified 343 points of contentions

between them. Those who have analysed both the commen­

taries have said that al-'AynI's grasp of lexicography, gram­

mar and language is much better than Ibn I:Iajar. Their ri­

valry can be summed up in the following light incident.

One day Ibn I:Iajar saw the minaret of the al-Mu'ayyid

school, where both he and al-'Aynl were lecturers, damaged.

Ibn I:Iajar took this opportunity to have a go at al-'Aynl and

wrote the following couplets:

.:r;J4J ".....; ~4 ...;.,)l;". •.. ~J") ~,;.JI L...;'Yr C"W

~I:r -"",\ ~ ~ ~ ... INI C.;,ll ~..::..Jl....liJ J.,z Splendour belongs to the mosque of our master al-Mu'ayyid

Its minaret shines with beauty and adornment

Inclining away from the middle course, it says, 'Wait,

Nothing is more injurious to my body than the evil eye

(al-'ayn)!'

(The word al-ayn (evil eye) is a pun on the name al-'AynI)

Upon hearing this al-'Aynl retorted with couplets of his own:

.,)UIJ UlI.~ y....lAJ ... ~ ~I ~I IY'JrS oJL:...

p.:-JI ~ 'Yl r-4l1 ~ J\ l.. ... ~ I~..:..J; ~ ~\ lr1li

A minaret when it is polished it looks like the bride of beauty

Its destruction is according to the decree and will of Allah.

20

Introduction

They say that it has suffered from the evil eye, I say, wrong,

Nothing but the bad quality of the stone (al-~ajar) caused

its destruction!'

(The word al-~ajar (stone) is a pun on the name Ibn I:Iajar)

Imam Ibn I:Iajar died of a terminal illness which lasted for

two months. He died on Friday night on 28 Dhl al-I:Iijja 852

hijri (2 February 1448) and was buried in al-Qarrafa, Cairo,

now famously known as the City of the Dead (madfnat al­

mawtii). The caliph of the time led his funeral prayer. Imam

as-Suyup mentions that ash-Shihab al-Man~ilrl told him

that he was present at Ibn I:Iajar's funeral. It started raining

and Ibn I:Iajar's body began to get wet. Capturing the mo­

ment, AI-Man~ilrl recited the following couplet;

.,.....J...J~ .L..44.I1 ~l.i ... ~ ~I ~ ..L-i

~ :.r---- I~ CJl5 ... ,-?LJI ~)I r.L .... f.;\J

The clouds have shed tears of rain on the chief qadi

Thus the solid pillar of stone got ruined

ABOUT THE BOOK

The Imtii' is a fine, yet simple example of imam Ibn I:Iajar's

finesse in i).aduh. Imam Ibn I:Iajar did not make the topics

of the i).aduh his main focus but the isniid. This is why when

21

Al-Arba'in

one reads the Imtii', one will not get a feel for the logical

arrangements of the topics. They are haphazard and range

from fiqh to history. The brilliance of imam Ibn I:Iajar lies

in his arrangement of the isniid. Firstly the collection is a

composition of 45 J:!aduhs the author heard directly from his

teachers. This is the first important value of this book which

is also expressed in its title. There is a difference of opinion

among the scholars of J:!aduh regarding the best mode of

receiving J:!adlth from one's teacher. Some are of the opinion

that it is to present Cart!) one's materials to the shaykh by

reading it to him (qirii'at 'alii ash-shaykh). This is expressed

by some scholars using the phrase' qar'atu 'alii' or more com­

monly 'akhbaranii'. Imam Malik was of the opinion that if

the student is confident with his material and competent to

relay it back to the teacher without making major mistakes

then it is better to present it to the teacher. However, the

majority of the scholars are of the opinion that listening

(simii'a) to the teacher recite the J:!aduh is the superior mode

of reception. This is expressed using the phrases 'sam'itu' or

more famously by some as 'baddathanii'. However the early

scholars such as Abu I:Ianlfa, at-TaJ:!awI and al-BukharI did

not make any semantical distinctions between the terms

baddathanii and akhbaranii. Ibn I:Iajar seems to be following

the opinion that audition (simii'a) is superior to presentation

Card) hence the title of the book. Nevertheless, there is more

22

Introduction

than one example in the collection where Ibn J:Iajar reads

to his shaykh (qirii'ati 'alayh, Ifaduh 5, 9, 17, 21, 29) or some

other students read while Ibn J:Iajar is listening in the gath­

ering (qirii'atan 'alayh wa an asma', Ifaduh 15). However this is

an exception and not the rule.

It was the practice of our teacher shaykh Hashim Patel

(may Allah give him health and long life), professor of

J:Iaduh at Darul Uloom Bury, UK to recite the text of the

Sunan Abu Diiwud while all the students listened to him. His

argument was that it is a more accurate and blessed practice

for the teacher to recite the text than the student to recite to

him. This was opposite to the practice of our other shuyukh

of Ifaduh who made the students recite the text to them.

Obviously one can appreciate the pedagogical value in their

approach. May Allah bless all our shuyukh and give them

good health.

Coming back to the Imtii', imam Ibn J:Iajar heard each

Ifaduh from a different teacher. In this sense the collection

can be called a mujam of Ibn J:Iajar's shuyukh. Mujam is a

type of Ifaduh collection where an author arranges his ma­

terials according to the names of his teachers. Famous in this

genre are the three mujams of at-TabaranL Ibn J:Iajar's eru­

dition can really be appreciated when we realise that each of

the Ifaduhs narrated in the collection, in addition to being

received from 45 different shuyukh, is also narrated from

23

Al-Arba''in

45 different Companions of the Prophet ~. The chapter

headings are named after the Companions~. In this sense

it can be called a musnad of the ~a~iiba. The musnad is a genre

of J:!adIth collection where the material is organised accord­

ing to the names of the Companions ~. The most famous

musnad is the Musnad of imam AJ:tmad ibn J:Ianbal.

The al-/mtii' starts with a special J:!adith narrated by

'AbdullaJ:! ibn 'Amr ibn al-A~ which is known as al-musalsal

bi al-awwalryya. The musalsal is a special type of isnad where

a particular feature is repeated throughout the entire isnad.

This particular isnad is known as awwalryya because it is

the first hadith that the Companion 'AbdullaJ:! ibn 'Amr ibn

al-A~ ~ heard from the Prophet 111, and it is the first hadIth

that his student heard from him and the first hadith that

his student's student heard from his student and so forth in

all subsequent generations. It is still the practice of J:!adIth

teachers today to initiate J:!adIth lectures with it. This was

also the practice of our shuyukh. J:IadIth number 35 is an­

other extraordinary example of the musalsal. This particular

J:!adIth is known as al-musalsal bi al-Mu~ammadryya, meaning

every single narrator in the isniid is called MuJ:!ammad. It is

a blessed isniid and should be read with uttermost reverence.

After the first J:!adIth, the next 10 J:!adIths are narrated

from the 10 Companions who were promised paradise

(al- 'ashara al-mubashshara), starting with the four Caliphs.

Introduction

The Companions are: (1) Abu Bakr, (2) 'Umar, (3) 'Uthman,

(4) 'All, (5) Tall;la ibn 'Ubaydullah, (6) az-Zubayr ibn al-'Aw­

warn, (7) Sa'd ibn AbI Waqqa~, (8) Sa'Id ibn Zayd, (9) 'Abd

ar-RaJ:tman ibn 'Awf, and (10) Abu 'Ubayda ibn al-JarraJ:t

~. The following 28 J:tadIths are alphabetically arranged

according to Companions. Each letter of the alphabet rep­

resents a Companion. Some of these are very famous Com­

panions such asJabir ibn 'Abdillah (J:tadIth 16) while others

are nearly unknown for example I:Iazim ibn al-I:Iarmala

(J:tadIth 17). HadIths 40 and 41 are narrated by 'Abdullah ibn

'Umar and 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas respectively. This along­

side, 'AbdullaJ:t ibn 'Amr ibn al-A~ (J:tadIth 1) and 'Abdullah

ibn Mas'ud (J:tadIth 29), completes the inclusion of the four

'Abdullahs ('abiidila al-arba'a) in the Imtii'.

The finalJ:tadIth (45) has a lengthy discussion on the sta­

tus of the J:tadIth regarding the virtues of 40 J:tadIths. Ibn

I:Iajar narrates this J:tadIth from a female teacher of his by

the name of Maryam bint AJ:tmad as-Sa'diyya. Another fe­

male teacher of his Sara bint Taqluddln as-SubkI features in

the discussion. The book closes with some poems related to

the virtues of studying for knowledge, a prayer to Allah and

the status of J:tadIth scholars.

This long introduction to the logical arrangement of

the collection will help readers to appreciate the effort that

imam Ibn I:Iajar put into such as small opuscule. However,

Al-Arba'zn

with such fancy and elaborate materials comes a trade off.

In order to maintain the unique nature of this collection,

Ibn I:Iajar had to rely on isniids that ranges the entire gamut

of l:J.adIth classification from sound (~abzb) to fabricated

(mawdu). This does not mean that the actual l:J.adIth is fabri­

cated. It just means that the particular isniid that he used in

this book is not sound. For example the isniid ofl:J.adIth 39 on

ascribing false l:J.adIths to the Prophet. is weak despite the

fact that the l:J.adIth is the only undisputed rigorously sound

(mutawiitir) l:J.adIth at our disposal. This is purposely done to

maintain the distinguishing characteristic of the opuscule.

Imam Ibn I:Iajar is aware of this and this is why he supple­

ments every l:J.adIth with a long discussion on its isniid paths

and variant wordings.

Finally shaykh 'Abdul 'Azlz the mul:J.addith of Delhi

writes in Bustiin al-Mubaddithzn that every l:J.adIth of the Imtii'

is supplemented with a poetical couplet encapsulating the

essence of the l:J.adIth. This is missing from our manuscript

of Imtii'. Maybe the shaykh had another manuscript at his

disposal. Here is the translation of the section of Imtii' from

the Bustiin for the readers benefit. The Bustiin has been trans­

lated and published by Turath Publishing as The Garden qf

the Hadith Scholars.

He related them from forty shaykhs from forty

Companions, and from among them the ten who were

Introduction

promised the Garden, and after each hadith he mentioned

some appropriate lines of poetry. For instance, after the sec­

ond hadith, which is: "Mter the statement of sincerity (the

shahiidah), people have not been given anything like health,"

he says:

There are two things whose like an intelligent man -

has not been given in our vanishing abode:

Someone who has Allah make easy for him

the testimony of sincerity, and health.

He says after the third hadith, "Actions are according to in­

tentions":

Actions are according to intentions in every matter in which it

is possible obligatorily.

They spoke well. Do good, and if you cannot, then inten­

tion is enough.

He said after the fourth hadith, "There is no Muslim man

who attends a prescribed prayer and performs purification

and its bowing well and with humility ... ":

Do purification well and be humble in obedience,

coming to rest in all rakii'ahs.

Al-Arba''in

It is expiation for what you did before

of minor wrong actions. Good actions . ..

He says after the fifth hadith, "He forbade to drink stand­

ing":

When you want to drink, sit down and you will settle

like the stones of the people of the Hijaz.

They have soundly transmitted drinking standing,

but it was to make clear that it is permissible.

He says after the sixth hadith, which is the hadith ofQimam

ibn Tha'labah:

Persevere in the sound sunnahs and you will obtain a reward

and Allah will be pleased with you and you will profit.

If you confine yourselves to the obligatory prayers, then let it be

without abstaining from supererogatory prayers; you will

have success.

He says after the seventh hadith, which is the hadith of the

good news of the ten promised the Garden:

The guide gave good news of the Gardens of 'Aden to all

of a group of Companions each of whose excellence

is well-known. Sa'Id, Zubayr, Sa'd, TalJ:!ah, 'Amir,

Abu Bakr, 'Uthman, Ibn 'Awf, 'All, 'Umar.3

EDITORIAL WORK

Introduction

I have made some major structural changes to the original

arrangement of the text. This is to make the book accessible

for people at all levels of knowledge. Isniids of all l;1adiths

have been truncated and taken to the appendix. This is

so that the original text does not look cluttered. Only the

names of Ibn J:Iajar's shaykh and the Companions have

been kept in the actual text. I have used three dots [ ... ] in

the text to show the ellipsis. Similarly, Ibn J:Iajar's discus­

sions on the l;1aduhs (which mainly relate to technicall;1aduh

points) have been relegated to the appendix with its transla­

tion. Readers wishing to study the isniids or Ibn J:Iajar's dis­

cussions on the l;1aduhs will find them in full in the appendix.

I have done this for alll;1aduhs except three: l;1aduh 1 known

as al-musalsal hi al-awwaliyya, l;1aduh 35 known as al-musalsal

hi al-Mu~ammadiyya and l;1aduh 45 which is the finall;1aduh

of the collection where Ibn J:Iajar discusses extensively the

status of the 'forty l;1aduh' l;1aduh.

Further to the above, I have also added a small com­

mentary after each l;1aduh where I thought it was necessary.

I have also provided small biographical information for

29

Al-Arba'fn

all of the Companions in the book. The biographies have

been taken from Ibn I:Iajar's book al-I~iibaft tamyzz a~-~a~aba.

Finally I pray to Allah that he makes this book a means for

our guidance and success in the hereafter.

Dear Lord, Hallowed be they name, lay not on us a

burden greater than we have strength to bear. Blot our sins,

and grant us forgiveness. Have mercy on us. Thou art our

Protector; help us against those who stand against Faith.

Peace and salutations be showered on your Prophet iii and

his pure family and the pious savants of this ummah. Ameen.

MANSUR ALI

September 2013

Caerdydd, Cymru

Taking Delight from Forty Distingushed

Hadiths Received Through Audition

AUTHOR'S INTRODUCTION

I n the Name of Allah, the All-Merciful, Most Merciful.

Praise belongs to Allah 1& who is elevated by His

Attributes which are clearly different from the attributes of

creatures. He sent our master Mul,lammad ~ with the Clear

Signs and supported him with brilliant miracles, may Allah

1& bless him and his family and Companions, the most wor­

thy of pure creatures and manifest creatures.

These forty ~ad'iths are part of my short transmissions

in which I confine myself to the highest of the forms of ac­

quiring ~ad'ith, i.e. listening (sima') and not ijazah, munawalah,

and wy'iidah, without repeating any of its transmitters. I pre­

sent their clear texts and their clear distinct isniids, begin­

ning with the ~ad'ith whose chain is the first thing each of

the narrators learnt of ~ad'ith (al-musalsal hi al-awwaliyyah) as

is customary and then followed that with ~ad'iths from the

ten masters [the Companions ~ who were promised the

33

Al-Arba'zn

Garden], and then I quoted the rest according to the 28

letters of the alphabet. I ended with two ~adfths from Ibn

'Abbas and Ibn 'Umar ~, to complete by them the trans­

mission from the famous 'Abdullahs. I discussed the ~adfths

and explained their defects and rectified any faults. I stipu­

lated clarity and continuity (itt~ii0 in the main text only and

not in the different transmission lines that [I present after

the main text J. We rely on Allah " and seek help from His

overflowing generosity. I ask Him for safety from the evils of

boasting and for success in that which will draw one near to

His pleasure in this world and the Next.

Comments: Simii'-listening-indicates the student having

heard the ~adith directly from the shaykh. Ijiizah is author­

isation to cite the teacher's ~adfths. Muniiwalah is that the

teacher gives his narrations of ~adfth in a written form to his

student and tells him that these are his narrations. A second

type of muniiwalah is that the student writes the document of

~adfth from his teaches and then shows it to him; the teacher

authenticates the document after checking it. Wijiidah is cit­

ing from a book which the narrator came across but has not

heard or received permission to transmit from the author.

Quoting from all forms of printed material today without

authorization from its author is a form of wijiidah.

34

/fadfth 1

35

Al-Arba'zn

'.' 8.,·' "'.'~~'. ~~:.'.~..;.J·1"'~~'S~ .:r~--0Jr.:r. ~ , .. , J.Y"J .. do.

~1 'J~';;lll ~::; ,-""WI'; J~'; ;lll ~ J.;; V";'li ,) ,. .. .... .. .. .. .... !l'l:J~".1\ "" "~" 1.

'\)) :Jli J:,_'.x aJI LillI J'" J. ~J~..r.. ~J r-J,. <J-, r"J

«~~I:):;; F;' .,1'::-11:):;; I~ JlJt;.;J

~~ ::; ~·f' ~ ~ F s; d f~~' ~IJJ ~ ~~ 11; . . '

, , "·\1"" ·'·I'_~ ·"'·'1'" ':"'1(' ~",' , r:. ':I <r> J ~.:r~ ......... ~ .,F 0 JJJ ,~.;...., t ~ ~ ':I t . '~q' ~,';: '~I ' (-~, tl' • " , , "r ''\ 'I'" l.:.."1 I~' '-?*.;- J '"-:::--" '-!!. ':I r- '-!!. J ~J.,;,.:. .:r"J" y. 0 JJJ ,~. t ~ ~ :&~.fJI Jli ,~~ ::; ~~ ~ ;r) .;. .;;.;..;. : ~~ ::;

<:1 -~' , .,-*" ~

'''~' "'1 '.",'1' 8 ' " , ,', "~' "li ''\' ~.J'''''''''' w~ JJ·.~doJr..s.r-;~J..r.. V"y. y'J '" ,... ..... .... '"

,~, ,~, "'illl"" t ';1\ '~"I~t,.. .:~II ." ,; C:J.J.JJ 'Jr ':I, ~.:r~.r-' ~J.:r. 0., 'i- ~..r

~1;:1 '.::; :;J'~1,;,~';r)~';fj ~~:~~~Q~~ , d\; U''':1''':f ~'~ "illl '" :1 t&. ' ."" ~'" , .:r. ~ r.> or.> ~ -!.:r., ~ 0 ~. ':I ~.:r oj--> ':I

0,& -' o~o ~." 0t, 6 , 0"; 0 U''' . I . I' 'i1..L......::. "i..L......::. U''' . I" ~'.".I\ ~ U''' . I . '.::. 1\ r.> '-!!. f .. , y.., r.> r do ~ J . r.> y----

~~~j] S~ 8l;. 01~) ~~~ S;~I

Shaykh aI-Islam Abu I:Iaf~ 'Vmar ibn Abu al-Fat}:l

al-KinanI narrated this to us in his own words and from

his memory, and I read it to him more than once. It is

Ibn al-ljajar al-'Asqaliinz

the first &adfth that I heard from him orally and by read­

ing. He said: Abu al-Fatl;l Mul;lammad ibn Mul;lammad ibn

ibrahIm aI-KhatIb narrated to us, and it is the first &adith

which I heard from him, and he said: Abu al-Faraj 'Abd

ar-Ral;lman ibn 'All ibn al:JawzI narrated to us, and it is the

first &adith I heard from him, and he said: Abu Sa'd Isma'II

ibn AbI $alil;l AI;Imad ibn 'Abd aI-Malik an-NaysaburI nar­

rated to us, and it is the first &ad'ith which I heard from him,

and he said: my father Abu $alil;l the mu'adhdhin narrated

to us, and it is the first &adith I heard from him, and he said:

Abu Tahir Mul;lammad ibn Mul;lsin az-ZiyadI narrated to

us, and it is the first &adfth I heard from him, and he said:

Abu J:Iamid Al;lmad ibn Mul;lammad ibn Yal;lya ibn Bilal

al-Bazzaz narrated to us, and it is the first &adfth I heard

from him, and he said: 'Abd ar-Ral;lman ibn Bishr ibn

al-J:Iakam narrated to us, and it is the first &adith I heard

from him, and he said: Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah narrated to

us, and it is the first &adith which I heard from Sufyan, from

'Arm ibn DInar, from Abu Qabus, the client of 'Abdullah

ibn 'Amr ibn al-'A~ ~, from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ~ that the

Messenger of Allah ~ said:

"Those who show mercy, the All-Merciful-Blessed

and Exalted is He! -will show mercy to them. Show mercy

to those in the earth and those who are in the heaven will

show mercy to you." (Musnad A&mad ibn ljanbal).

37

Al-Arba'zn

This is a 4asan 4adzth which Imam A4mad narrated

in his Musnad4 from Sufyan ibn 'Vyaynah with this isniid.

He narrated it in some of his compilations from 'Abd

ar-Ra4man ibn Bishr with this isniid. Abu Dawiid narrated

it from Musaddad and Abu Bakr ibn AbI Shaybah, and

at-TirmidhI5 narrated it from Mu4ammad ibn Ya4ya ibn

AbI'Vmar, and the three of them from Sufyan. At-TirmidhI

said, "It is 4asan sa#4." Only 'Amr ibn DInar narrated from

Abu Qabus, and his [Abu Qabus] name is not known. Some

of the text is corroborated by l:Iibban ibn Zayd ash-Shar'ibI

from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr. I have short paths of transmission,

including what I read to Abu al-l:Iasan ibn Abu al-Majd

from Sulayman ibn l:Iamzah from Mu4ammad ibn 'Abbad

that 'Abdullah ibn Rifa'ah narrated to him: 'All ibn al-l:Ia­

san informed us: 'Abd ar-RaJ:!man ibn 'Vmar informed

us: Sa'Id Abu Sa'Id al-A'rabI informed us: al-l:Iasan ibn

Mu4ammad az-Za'faranI informed us: Sufyan narrated to

us, and he mentioned it in the same sense.

Comments: 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'A~ ~, both father

and son were Companions of the Prophet ~. 'Abdullah

became a Muslim before his father. He was known to be

from those Companions who narrated the most J:!aduh.

Abu Hurayra ~ narrates: "No one has more J:!aduhs of the

Prophet ~ than me with the exception of 'Abdullah. He

Ibn al-J:lajar al- 'Asqalanf

used to write everything." Imam al-BukharI says he died in

Egypt in 96 hijri. (al-I$iihaji Tamyfz a~-$abiiha, 6:308-312).

This hadith is known as al-Musalsal hi 'l-Awwalryya, it is

the first hadith that many mubaddith have heard from their

teachers and therefore it has a special place.

lfadfth 2

FROM ABU BAKR ~

The I:Iafi~ of the time, Abu al-Fa<;ll ibn al-I:Iusayn, narrated

to us from his own words when I asked . . .

Abu Hurayrah narrated to us and said: I heard Abu

Bakr as-Siddlq d say on the minbar: I heard the Messenger

of Allah. say, on a day like this from the first year: "People

have not been given anything after the statement of sincerity

39

AI-Arba'in

[the shahada] like well-being. So ask Allah for well-being."

(Musnad A~mad).

Comments: 'Abdullah ibn 'Uthman ibn 'Amir, most fa­

mously known as Abu Bakr ibn AbI Qul:tafa also known as

'Auq ~ and Siddlque. He was born two and a half years

after the incident of the elephant. Sayyida 'A'isha • says,

'The Prophet ~ and Abu Bakr ~ discussed their birth in

my presence. The Prophet ~ was older. He kept to the

Prophet's ~ company before Prophethood and hastend

to the call of Iman. He remained with him ~ all his life

and accompanied him in the emigration in the cave and in

every event until his death. The flag was with him in Tabuk.

He led the people in l;Iajj during the life of the Prophet

~ in 9 hijrI. He remained the Khalifa after the Prophet's

~ death. The Muslims gave him the title 'Khalifa of the

Prophet ~'. His father also became a Muslim. He died at

63 years of age on a Monday near the end ofJumadI al-ula

in 13 hijrI (23 August 634). (al-l~iiba, 6:271-281).

The Prophet ~ says that the people cannot ask Allah

for anything better than forgiveness and good health.

(al-BaZZiir).

Ibn al-Ijajar al-'Asqalanz

/jaduh 3

FROM 'UMAR IBN AL-KHATrAB ~

, .I t ,.. 0 /. 0 t " , :;; ..... 0 ,.

·I;::··'~I G.JI'1'·-·I~...uI' "~Lk>JI"" ~I': ..r.:r. <..Y'. Yo <J1-r.> ~.) . .:r.~ ,.J.)~ .. .... .. ........... ....

~'·'I'· ~~,...v~ ,,~ll '~.' "'.' ... ,. </-< fi..<>-" ,;~'+' r if. ~if.

~L.' ~ ~I L wi J"', ~ ~li.;J1 ~,,,' ~ r-J , . ...r-, Y"".) '; .:r.~ , , " 0 .... '" ....,., ~ ~ ,. 0t..j .;; ,.,

J I..:i" .;:..j15:", '. t;;. ''1 ~I' ,GL Jw)1 L.;..;I)) :J'.' ~ ~ ~ l.Sy t?.t, !J ,. ; ~ JA1.

d~J'I~" ~lS'·",..J"'J'I'wl II~" ~..J'" II'wl • ~ ~ 0-" J NY"".) !J, I.S' ~ ~ NY"".) I.S'!J '

«..jl "LAt;; II~" ~L+~.!~:'ol"1 \~ ,.~? I.S'~ ~ ·Jfi.J" ~ .. , .

. ,;' ·,t, ~ '\:]1' ~ I.'.~' ~ ~I'I" ~, , ~, , I ~ , ~? ~r ~,,>y. J r-;:-J I$~ . OJ.) ~ ~+> ...Lo>

.' I '.!"lI...L......:;. .' '" II' :::~ I$~~ •• , if.~I.S'~~

Abu al-'Abbas Ai)mad ibn 'All ibn Yai).ya ibn TamIm

al-HashimI informed me in Damascus by my reading out

to him ...

I heard 'Vmar ibn al-Khanab who heard the Messenger

of Allah • say: "Actions are only according to intention.

Every man has what he intends. If someone emigrates to

Allah and His Messenger, his emigration is to Allah and

His Messenger. If someone emigrates to something of this

world he obtains or to a woman he marries, his emigration

is to that to which he emigrated." (Agreed upon).

Al-Arba'tn

This ~adith IS sa~f~. It is narrated by al-Bukhart,6

Muslim7 and the rest8 by ten paths.

Comments: 'Umar ibn al-Khattab ibn an-Nufayl al-Fiirilq

Abu I:Iaf~ ~. Amfr al-Mu'minfn. He was born 13 years af­

ter the incident of the elephant. The Prophet ~ prayed

to Allah ., 'Allah, Strengthen this religion through Abu

Jahl ibn Hisham or 'Umar ibn al-Khattab.' The Prophet's

~ prayer was accepted in favour of 'Umar ~. He died

as a result of an assassination in the year 23 hijri, 644 CEo

(al-Ifiiba, 7:312-317).

Sincerity is the essence of all actions. If a good deed is

not done purely for the sake of Allah it loses its value. In

this }:ladnh the Prophet 11 referes to the most excruciating

task that the Muslims were commanded to do, the hijra.

The Prophet's ~ saying means that even in such a task

if the sincerity is not correct then this will also get spoilt.

The hadith also, according to some narrations, has a back­

ground cause of incident. A person solely emigrated to

Madina to get married to a woman called Umm Qays, this

Companion ~ became known as muhiijir Umm Qgys. Some

scholars say that the reference to emigration in the hadnh

is indication of that particular incident. (Fat~ al-Biirf) And

Allah knows best.

42

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqalanz

ljadfth 4

FROM 'UTHMAN ~

(-~ 'f·' I~ ~'" 1"1 '·":f ~ ~I ' .' 0~~,.t;. '. r <.,f:. 0 ' .:.r. ~ .r.~ '-I-.r.> <..f"? J , ., ~

... ail~t;J 1'.::JI~~.h.>..:t. '-w- ':"'~~'II '" . r.r-' ,> ;'- '-I- ~ . r-'

~f.)J.;. :J~ ,:?""WI';' ::~ ',,;, J?';' }:~ " ~ Jt;...:,~ GJ.;.

Jy:.j ~ :J~ ~ ~~ l?:J ~~.;. 0~ ~ ~ :J~~) ~ !;'~(-~ ~JL;,~' ~,: - \~.:' 'I· ~)) :J'~' :1-:,' ..:t. ~I t '- illl . .r--- ~ r::-- ts /' ~ Y'-: r--J ,- ~ ,

,-,'!.iJI~ 1~\';~~:U5~~~II~;:'~<"I~;:"!~'l.i"~l..~ ,g ; y ~ ~ ,J ~ _.rJJ _.r--J J.n-~

\I ',t:Sj1 ..;.,~! : \ ~ .7.-. Yr

IbrahIm ibn Mu\:lammad ibn AbI Bakr al-Mu'addib in­

formed me by my reading to him in the Masjid al-I:Iaram

facing the Ka'bah . . .

Is\:laq ibn Sa'Id ibn 'Arnr ibn Sa'Id ibn al-'A~ narrated to

us and said: my father narrated to me that his father said:

I was with 'Uthman ibn 'Affan when he called for water for

purification and then said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah

1lt say: 'When the time for the obligatory prayer comes,

there is no Muslim man who does its purification, humility

and bowing well but that it is an expiation for the wrong

actions that preceded it as long as he has not committed

major wrong actions.'" (Muslim).

43

Al-Arba'fn

Comments: 'Uthman ibn 'Affan ibn AbI 'l-'A~, amir al­

mu'minin ~. He became a Muslim at the }:!ands of Abu

Bakr ~. He married two of the Prophet's ~ daughters,

Ruqayya ., and after her death Umm Kulthum .,. This is

why he is known as dhil 'n-nurcryn (the man with two lights).

The Prophet ~ gave him the glad tidings of paradise more

than once. He ~ said every Prophet will have a friend in

paradise and my friend will be 'Uthman~. He was finan­

cially well-off and had a very shy nature. The pledge of

Ri<;lwan under the acacia tree in I:Iudaybiyya was taken

because of him. He was assassinated after a house-arrest

on 22 DhI 'l-Hijjah 35 hijrI corresponding to 21June 656 CE

at the age of82. (al-/fiiba, p02-107).

lfadith 5

FROM cALI~

.b..JI ' f .' ~ ~' t I;:' • '.::JI '1 '·~:f ~ all' .' ~ \;:.. ~' ,. '-I:. '!, ;.r.~q-'"' y. <,!';-~ -r:J~:.r

... Jli ~ '·W· ~' WI ct.' ii to :<lJI ,. <,!';-~~ • i,~

:Q ~ '~I):" ~ all ~j ~ ~y :Jli ~~;;. JI,I , "0 ,.....;;; .... , 0 -:;;

~ . 'C' ,.\ ' '-:q ,.:/ ~'I')I .':is '<'I\~' ,. 81 'I" , . ..r. ~-'":. ~.r-'"' ,~ ,;..s->, y" ,. J <-I '-!' y'»" <-I

44

Ibn al-ijajar al-'Asqaliinz

~WJ~? fli ~ ~~j ~bj ~j JS. ~ ~ ~ ~t ~L; ~ ~I J~j ~b-' - ~li ~)JI:';;';' - llA 5;~ ~tr ~~ :JLij

~ ~;..1J llA» :Jlij,~ :~.;. L; ~Jf,~ ::;;. ~ ~ rLj ~ ~I

11~~rJ

Abu al-J:Iasan 'All ibn Mul:tammad ibn Abr al-Majd

ad-DimashqI informed me when he visited us in Cairo by

my reading out to him ...

'Abd aI-Malik ibn Maysarah who said: I heard an­

Nazzal ibn Sabrah say: "I saw 'All d pray Zuhr and then

sit down in the square of Kufa to deal with people's needs

until, when 'AJr came, he was brought a jug of water. He

scooped up a handful from it and wiped his face, head and

hands with it. Then he stood up and drank the rest of it.

He said, 'People dislike this. (i.e. drinking while standing),

but the Messenger of Allah til did what I did (or the like of

what I did) and said, "This is the wur/Jl' of someone who has

not broken his wurju'." (al-Bukhiin).

Comments: 'All ibn AbI Talib ~, amlr al-Mu'minln, the

fourth khalIfa and the husband of Fatima ~. He was born

ten years before the first revelation came to the Prophet

til and was among the first to accept the call of Islam. He

grew up in the house of the Prophet til. He was present at

45

Al-Arba'fn

all the battles with the Prophet other than Tabuk where the

Prophet ~ left him as his deputy in Madinah. He was from

the 'ulama' of the Companions and was well known for his

bravery. He was assassinated on 17 Rama<;lan 40 hijri cor­

responding to 24January 661. (al-f$iiba, 7:275-283).

Imam Ibn I:Iajar al-'AsqalanI writes in Fat~ al-Biirf that

there are both types of lfadIths from the Prophet with re­

gards to drinking water whilst standing up. He says the

lfadIths which has the Prophet or the Companions drinking

while standing up is to express that it is permissible to do so.

On the other hand the lfadIth prohibiting drinking while

standing is the preferred position (istibbiib). (Fat~, Kitiib al­

Ashriba). In any case drinking water while standing up or

sitting down should not be made a criterion of someone's

iman or lack of it.

ljadrth 6

FROM TALI;IAH IBN 'UBAYDULLAH ~

1'- .' J!;.~ ~'~...lll,i;. '1 ~~!Ii u-~:f ...ll1.G .' ;~i1'.' i ~..:r. , ..:r. '" Yo L--:- .r.>", ,....:r. :f , ' ,

... ; ~'.) \.la,!' LllI! lUi ..,.-', ~;~ ~.

~illl ;'-...llIJ'" II L'.[;.:J"~'...uI.G~';~i1 ,. <J-" J-" J <.f ~ u-:-J . yt:, ,.. ..:r.

Ibn al-J:lajar al-'Asqalanf ,.., ,,. 0"'.... ...-, L...... -;: '::i

:' J'-'t;~"r.:;" - ~ "~ I'I! ,.~~ \;'1 ~ :::1::.' ..r- .JA;. J NY i..?~ e::-' '!" Y' f- .' q- ~ r-J

::::1::.' .j;. ~I ~ '- ill I J", J~ 'i:.'ll .' Jt..:.; " 111; 15~ ,-J ,- ..r-,.)-'J r;:.r -yo r ~11»:J\i~~:"'~ "I; i;.:J~«:J:1.JI' "II ·..;..,I~I'- ":» ; ~.r.?~u ,- Jrr. -!. r-~

Ji :J~ ~l5) rLj ~ ~I ~ ~I J~j ~ j1j :J\i «t# ~\

«t# ~Hl1» :J\i ~~LA;.i-:p.

.~;J;\ 1j I~ J:&. ~) 1 ~Ij :J~;;j Y.,I ;;t :J\i

II ~~ '- .:'1 .;:.l~h ::::L:.' .j&. ~I ~ '- illl J"" J'~ '-'--- .... ; c- r-J '" ..r- , .)-' J

Shaykh Abu 'Abdullah Mul;ammad ibn Mul;ammad ibn

Qawwam al-BalisI ash-Shafi'I informed us, outside of

Damascus ...

Abu Suhayl ibn Malik, from his father that he heard

Tall;ah ibn 'Ubaydullah say: "A man came to the Messenger

of Allah ~ from the people ofNajd. His hair was unkempt

and we could hear the drone of his voice, but could not

understand what he was saying until he came near. He was

asking about Islam. The Messenger of Allah ~ said, 'It is

five prayers in the day and the night.' The man asked, 'Do

I have to do any besides them?' He answered, 'No, unless

you want to do so voluntarily.'"

He said, "The Messenger of Allah then ~ mentioned

zakiit to him and the man asked, 'Do lowe anything be-

47

Al-Arba'in

sides it?' He answered, 'No, unless you want to do so vol­

untarily.'"

He said, "The man turned away saying, 'By Allah, I

will not do more than this nor less than it.' The Messenger

of Allah ~ said, 'He will achieve success if he speaks the

truth.'" (Agreed upon).

Comments: TalJ:ta ibn 'Ubaydillah ibn 'Uthman Abu

MuJ:tammad ~. He is one of the ten Companions who

were promised Jannah ('ashara mubashshara), one of the eight

early Muslims, one of the five who became Muslim at the

hands of Abu Bakr ~ and one of the six who were appoint­

ed by 'Umar ibn al-Khattab ~ to choose the next khalifa

after his death. He was also known as TalJ:ta al-Fayya<;l after

buying a well and donating it for the cause of Muslims. He

protected the Prophet ~ on the day ofUJ:tud until his hand

became paralysed. He married four women whose sisters

were married to the Prophet~: Umm Kulthum ~ the sis­

ter of umm al-mu'minfn 'A'islia ~, J::Iamna bintJaJ:tsh ~ the

sister of umm al-mu'minfn Zaynab bint JaJ:tsh ~, al-Fari'a

~ bint AbI Sufyan ~ the sister of umm al-mu'minfn Umm

J::Iablba and Ruqayya bint AbI Umayya ~ the sister umm

al:-mu'minfn Umm Salama ~. He was killed by Marwan ibn

al-J::Iakam with a spear during the Battle of Camel in 36

hijrI, 656 CEo (al-Ifiiba, 417-424)

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqaliinz

lfadith 7

FROM AZ-ZUBAYR ~

Abu al-Ma'ali 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar ibn 'All ibn Mubarak

as-Su'udI informed us by my reading out to him in Cairo ...

'Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr from az-Zubayr who said: "On

the Day of Ui).ud the Messenger of Allah ~ was wearing

double armour and tried to climb a rock but could not do

it. So he sat on Tali).ah who lifted him until he was level on

the rock. I heard the Messenger of Allah ~ say, 'Tali).ah is

obliged [the Garden].'" (al-lfiikim, al-Mustadrak).

Comments: Az-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam ibn al-Khuwaylid

Abu 'Abdillah~. The Prophet's ~ disciple (~awiir'i) and his

cousin. His mother, the Prophet's ~ aunt ~afiyya bint 'Abd

al-Munalib used to call him Abu Tahir after her brother

Abu Tahir ibn 'abd al-Munalib. He is one of the 'ashara

mubashshara and one of the six that 'Umar ibn al-Khanab

49

Al-Arba''in

~ chose to choose the khallfa. He became a Muslim at

12. He takes pride in the fact that the Prophet ~ said to

him, 'May my father and mother be sacrificed for you

lfidiik aM wa ummf).' His son 'Abdullah ~ asked him why he

does not narratei:J.adIths from the Prophet ~. Upon this

Az-Zubayr ~ replied that despite his relation and ties with

the Prophet ~ he heard the Prophet ~ saying 'Whoever

says I have said that which I did not say should make an

abode for himself in fire.' (al-I~iiba, 4:17-23).

Jfadfth 8

FROM SA'n ~

t J.iJ1 /,' '\ .' wi ~ .' J ~~ ~' (-~ '1 . " ... < \ ~ : / ~ / r ':f:. 0 / /. 0, ..r. r. Yo '-I-~, (f

... ~~~~~~'I~ ~ ~I L wi j'" Jli :Jli ~" \ .' ~ .' ~ ,- ~,.r"J ,-!"J':f:.0/0;

,. ," I':' ~T:' • .:. '- 1< '~ " --"(-, ':'\ : <:t;.\ '~';f» ::::1:.' ~) .P' _J .P'.7'-P if' j. <-:FJ:-"'..'"' r ~ I'-J

.. ~~'.:.J\' .:JdL tv ~.,. ~ .::.>I~\/- • ~ •. I';' <-:F-'/ J J/ ; ,J ~,r-~<-:F.P'

,<" ~ "-j.j' ~-j.j:4;.' ~ "-j.j' ~.\ ~< "";'1" J'I 'TI1~ ,.:JI~· .11 e::-" J ~ J ,) ~ ) .J.r.-, __ ..t. ~ is) , ,.m-

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqalanz

Abu Bakr ibn MuJ:!ammad ibn 'Abdullah ibn Ahi 'Umar

al-MaqdisI informed me by my reading out to him at

~aliJ:!iyyah in Damascus ...

Mu~'ab ibn Sa'd ibn AbI Waqqa~ that the Messenger of

Allah .;! said: "Is any of you prevented from saying after

every prayer 'Allahu akbar' ten times, 'al-&amdu lillah' ten

times, and 'subbana'llah'ten times in the five prayers, which

is one hundred and fifty on the tongue and one thousand

and five hundred in the balance? Or when he goes to his

bed, saying 'Allahu akbar' thirty-four times, 'al-&amdu lillah'

thirty-three times, and 'sub&ana'llah'thirty-three times? That

is one hundred on the tongue and one thousand in the bal­

ance. Which of you can acquire two thousand five hundred

bad actions every day?" (An-Na.ra'f, :4ml al-Yawm wa al-Layla).

Comments: ~a'd ibn Malik ibn Uhayb Abu Ishaq .;!. He

is the last of the 'ashara mubashshara to die and one of the

six choseri by 'Umar ibn al-Khanab~. He was the first to

throw a weapon in the path of Allah and was at the fore­

front in the conquest of Iraq. He was in charge of Kufa

during the khilafa of 'Umar ~. He secluded himself in

his house after 'Uthman's ~ assasination. The Prophet .;! prayed for him, '0 Allah, accept all of Sa'd's prayers.' As

a result of this his prayers were never rejected (mustajab ad­

da'wa). (al-haba, 4:287-292).

Al-Arba'zn

/fadzth 9

FROM SA'iD [IBN ZA YD] ~

' . .x '-W- './.' ~ ~ , ~ wi ~ '1 "~:1 ..G...::. : / ~ /- '" fi;.~ ':I- / do / /. Yo "'~ .-/ if

... S;..:.~~~ .. ~ ;''*:-

..s' ~ '\/ ,UI ,. ,', ;;;;'~JI '[;'/:1 :J~ ~< .'..G...::. ~ y.J /' ~ ~ / <or -4--" __ J ':I- /_/

illl ~ ~I ~ 2S J~ ~~I~ F-lj ;j ~ :J~ .~J r-r ~WI J;,

, ,,, '" 0.. " , 0, .. J. :;;. 'I ~j ,..c...;,j ,~)ij ,;;;JJ.j <~;'j ,0~j ,r;.j '-F. .((~In :J~ ~';';WI ~:~ :J~ .«~~

Abu 'Abdullah Mu}:lammad ibn Mu}:lammad ibn Manl' in­

formed me by my reading out to him in the mosque at the

foot of Mount Qasiyyun ...

Sa'Id ibn Zayd who said: "I testify that the nine are in

the Garden. If I were to testify that the tenth [also will be

in the Garden], I would not sin." He was asked, "And why

is that?" He replied, 'I was with the Prophet. at Hira'

and he said, "Be still, Hira'. A Prophet, a true one (siddiq)

or a martyr is standing on you." He was asked, "Who

were they?" He answered, "The Prophet ., Abu Bakr,

'Umar, 'Uthman, 'All, Talhah, az-Zubayr, Sa'd and 'Abd

52

Ibn al-Ifajar al-'Asqalilnz

ar-Ral:lman ibn 'Awf." He was asked, "Who was the tenth?"

'''I was," he replied. (at-Tzrimidhz).

Comments: Sa'id ibn Zayd ibn 'Amr ibn Nufayl ~ was

one of the 'ashara mubashshara. He was the brother-in-law

of'Umar ibn al-Khattab who accepted the shahiida on his

hands. His dispute against Arwa bint Uwais is famous.

When Arwa accused him of usurping her land, he cursed

her by saying, 'Allah, if she is lying about me blind her and

let her death come in her land. Let a light (sign) come from

you which will passify the Muslims that 1 have not wronged

her.' The narrator (Abu Bakr ibn I:Iazm) says that suddenly

immense lighting struck and the whole incident became

clear (in our minds). Arwa thereafter became blind and

stumbled into a well in her land and died. He (the narra­

tor) says that Arwa became an idiom that when two people

disputed one would say to the other, 'May Allah blind you

like Arwa.' Sa'id ibn Zayd died at 73 in the year 50 hijri.

(al-I!ilba,4:337-339)·

The Companions mentioned in the hadith are the ten

who were promised a place in Jannah. They are collectively

known as the al-'ashara al-mubashshara.

53

Al-Arba'zn

Jfadzth 10

FROM 'ABD AR-RAI:IMAN IBN 'AWF

, ", , ""'wl'" ""18'-:1 ." , "'Ii "" 0~0~.:r., -¥~y. ~ '-!Y0~.T ¥'(f

... ,'.::J, ~L! ''L.::,~, ~\;'1 '. r.r- ,> ~ ~~y. - -

I<"'J'I~"" '~,".'" "'II" "'1"1 '_1"-~. "'~~(f~ (f,-!y.:r.~.T ¥..:r.~..r. • .:r.C''''''' ..... ..... ..... ..... ,......"..

, , , 0)..... .....,,, ..... __

.~~I0! ~~ J ;Ip 0! ~~ .?-'>WI:..;;s. 015'j

Abu Mul:J.ammad 'Abdullah ibn Mul:J.ammad ibn Mul:J.am-

54

Ibn al-f:lajar al- 'Asqalilni

mad ibn Sulayman an-NaysaburI informed us in the Masjid

al-I:Jaram ...

$alii} ibn IbrahIm ibn 'Abd ar-Rai}man ibn 'Awf from his

father from his grandfather who said: "While I was standing

in the battle line on the Day of Badr, I looked to my right

and left and there were two young lads of the An~ar [on ei­

ther side of me]. I wished that I been between two men who

were stronger than them. One of them nudged me and asked,

'Uncle, do you recognise AbuJahl?' 'Yes,' I answered. 'What

do you want with him, nephew?' He replied, 'I was told that

he abuses the Messenger of Allah :1!. By the One Who has

my soul in His hand, ifI see him, then [my person - sawad]

will not part from his (sawad) until the more short-lived of us

dies!' The other nudged me and asked me something similar.

Right away I saw AbuJahl moving among the people. I said.

'This is the one you asked about.' They raced to him with

their swords and struck him until they had killed him. They

then went to the Messenger of Allah :1! and informed him.

He asked, 'Which of you killed him?' Each of them said that

he had killed him. He asked, 'Have you wiped your swords?'

'No,' they replied. He looked at their swords and said, 'Each

of them killed him. His booty goes to Mu'adh ibn 'Amr ibn

aljamui}.' He meant the two lads, Mu'adh ibn 'Afra' and

Mu'adh ibn aljamui}." (Agreed upon).

55

Al-Arba'zn

Comments: 'Abd ar-Rahman ibn 'Awf az-ZuhrI Abu

Mul).ammad ~, one of the 'ashara mubashshara. He was

also among the six that 'Umar ibn al-Khattab ~ chose to

choose the khalIfa after him. The final decision lied with

him and he chose 'Uthman ibn 'Affan~. It is said that pre­

viously his name was 'Abd al-Ka'ba or 'Abd 'Amr and the

Prophet ~ changed it to 'Abd ar-Ral).man. He was a muftI

and used to issue fatwas during the life of the Prophet ~.

The Prophet ~ also prayed behind him in one of his trav­

els. He was very rich and freed many slaves for the sake of

Allah. He died at 75 in 72 hijri. 'Uthman ~ or az-Zubayr

ibn al-'Awwam led his funeral prayer and he was buried in

the Bag!'. (al-I~iiba, 6:543-549).

/fadfth 11

FROM ABU 'UBAYDA IBN AL-JARRAI:I

~1~o.,O"\iJ.:&. '~llo1l.:;\I'·":1 1",::II·o;~ol:' .:r. ~ J' . ~r Yo L--:- '-I-~ c:;.r.- 0 .. '-!':. if

... ,.' WI l1; 43'> t jJI.)\!;.. . 0 !l '~I .. j~ ~ ,~-? , 0,J· 0

01» :1::.' ~ ~I t '·...LII J'" j\.i :j\.i I"':: II . o;~ 0 I ~ r--J ,. ~ ,.)-"J c:;.r.- 0 .. '-!':.

W. ~ ~ 4L5j '~Jj ~~ 4L5j '~Jj ~;;;\il I~ I~illl

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqalanz

", ~II' "'~II' '''~II z,j..2..;' ~\I1 . ·C;W' t' 'u I~!' GL5' f-...r-' J J..,...-.- J <:/r-' " , <.F J.~ J Y , J ., ,,,0;'.... 0 ...-..... ....,.

.«~j':; all I~ J;- '0j~j ,..!.L!) ~ 0jij1j

Shaykh AbU al-Faraj 'Abd ar-Rai)man ibn Alfmad ibn al­

Mubarak ibn I:Iammad al-FazzI informed me at a home

outside of Cairo ...

Abu 'Ubaydah ibn al:Jarralf who said: the Messenger

of Allah • said: "Allah began this affair [of Islam] with

Prophethood and mercy, then it will be a caliphate and

mercy, then a rapacious kingdom, and then arrogance, tyr­

anny and corruption will emerge in the community. They

willlegalise [unlawful] sex, wine and silk, and they will be

provided for in spite of that and victorious until they meet

Allah." (Musnad ad-DiirmD.

Comments: 'Amir ibn 'Abdillah ibn al:Jarralf, famously

known as Abu 'Ubaydah ibn al:Jarralf ~. He was one of

the early Muslims. He became a Muslim with 'Uthman ibn

Maz'un, 'Abd ar-Ralfman ibn 'Awf and a few others _. He

emigrated twice (to Abyssinia and Madinah). The Prophet

• said, 'Every ummah has a trustee and the trustee of this

ummah is Abu 'Ubayda ibn al:Jarralf.' The Prophet. sent

him as a teacher to Yemen and Abu Bakr ~ sent him on

an expedition to the Fertile Crescent. He conquered most

of the region of the Fertile Crescent. When 'A'isha ~ was

57

Al-Arba''in

asked regarding who the Prophet ~ loved the most, she

replied, 'Abu Bakr, 'Umar and Abu 'Ubayda.' He died of

plague in Jordan whilst travelling to Bayt al-Maqdis to of­

fer prayers there in 18 hijri. He was 58 years old. (al-IJiiba,

5:508-515).

This i).aduh and others like it should not be an excuse

for despondency, apathy and laziness. It shouldn't inhibit

one from excelling and progressing in worship or knowl­

edge by giving the excuse that one can never be like the

predecessors. These types of i).aduhs are there to do the ex­

actly opposite, to make people vigilant and to teach them

the i).alal from the i).aram.

lJadfth 12

THE LETTER ALIF: ANAS

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqallinf

Abu MuJ:!ammad 'Abd ar-RaJ:!man ibn MuJ:!ammad ibn

J:Iamid informed us in Jerusalem ...

Arras ibn Malik who said: the Messenger of Allah ~

said: "Things will only increase in hardship, this world in

retreat, and people in avarice, and the Final Hour will only

come upon the worst of people." (Ibn Miijah).

Comments: Arras ibn Malik, Abu J:Iamza al-An~arI al­

KhazrajI, the personal attendant to the Prophet 1i} and

one of Companions who narrated the most J:!adnhs ~. He

was ten years old when the Prophet 1i} came to Madina.

His mothe Umm Sulaym ~ offered him to the Prophet

1i} who gladly accepted his service. He was the last of

the Companions to pass away in Basra. The Prophet 1i}

prayed for longevity in his life and growth in his wealth

and children. Arras ~ says, 'I have buried 125 of my off­

springs with my own hands and my crops yield fruits twice

a year.' Thabit al-BunanI says that Anas ~ was buried

with a strand of hair from the Prophet 1i} placed under

his tongue per his request. He died at 99 years of age in 90

hijri. (al-I~iiba, 1:251-256).

Like the above J:!adnh, this J:!adnh is also to motivate

people in doing as much as good deeds as possible even

though at times this maybe hard.

59

Al-Arba'zn

/fadzth 13

THE LETTER BA': BURA YDA

~·8:iI'· I"I~' i'G~1 \;;.~ ·1··,,:t~J.;"··' .diJ" ~ <-1-, ~ ..r.; .:r. (.f,:'; ; • Yo <-I-.r.> • ..r. if '. , ? ~

... ~~W4 .fi;J1 ~.!.u1 ~'L' 81' ...tJ1 J"" G" :I·t~ :J'~ •. :.J ~' ~J.;" .' ...tJ1 ~ , ~ • J , y"). Y '"~ if . ..r. 'I, ,. ,I:\D~I·· !~." ,·1... tl·' NI~J.;.t··:, "~»:J'~

'"\I""' • ,> c.!- (j.r.!.J <-r-r '/" IS , ~ u-:' J., .e 0:;:; .. 0 0 .. 0 ..

(I~ ~ ~I.;s) CJ~ F. ~ CJ~ Abu Mul.J.ammad Isma'II ibn IbrahIm al-KinanI al-l:IanafI

informed me in Cairo ...

'Abdullah ibn Buraydah from his father who said: "They

asked, 'Messenger of Allah, which of us can do that?' He

said, 'Are any of you unable to remove something harmful

from the road or spit in the mosque and bury it? Ifhe does

not do that, then two rak'ahs of I)u&ii (morning prayer) are

enough for him." (Musnad A&mad ibn /fanba0.

Comments: Burayda ibn al-l:Iu~ayb ibn 'Abdillah al­

AslamI ~. His name is 'Amir and Burayda is his nickname.

He became a Muslim during the Prophet's ~ emigration

to Madinah. The Prophet ~ passed him in al-GhamIm

where he and 80 others became Muslim. However, he did

not join the Prophet in Madinah until after the battle of

60

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqaliinz

Uhud. He lived in Basra after it was conquered, and then

fought in Khorasan during the reign of 'Uthman ~. He

finally resided in Merv and died there during the reign of

Yazld ibn Mu'awiya in 63 hijri. (al-I!iiba, 1:533-534).

The Prophet ~ said that every joint in a person's body

wakes up with a debt on it to Allah. Every good action

that one does pays towards this debt. Hence, giving salam

to someone, doing good, stopping wrong, moving a harm­

ful object from the road, fulfilling one's need through their

spouse, prayer, fasting, hajj, tasbih, takbir, praising Allah.

all contribut towards paying this debt off. However, offer­

ing the I)u~ii prayer repays off all the debt at once. (Abu

Diiwud, 1279, 1280, Bashshar Ma'ruf ed.). The Prophet ~

said, "whoever remains seated in his place after offering

the fojr prayer until the sun rises and then offers two rak'iit

of ¢u~ii prayer, and speaks nothing but good, then all of his

sins are forgiven even though they maybe more than the

foam of the sea." (Abu Dawud, 1281). The ¢u~ii prayer is the

morning payer after sunrise also known as the ishriiq prayer.

Al-Arba''in

ljadrth 14

THE LETTER TA': TAMIM

" 1"1 ~~I '1 h~1 '~~I '"~:, ' ~ '. ' .~.:.li .81""';" '. ~ .7.0 '" 0 Yo i 0 <-I-~ ~:.r- , , , ? ~

.' WI I: d(-i:'il!' '~tl ~'il" , I'il" 0', '," ,~~ u-t~..,r:r~.,;....- ¥0~Y ¥0J..:...>..:r.

-- .... '" "", <Z "':;, ::;; '!!t"" .. ~ ill I J' " t;: . t :Jt; II~I ~ 'J.]101 ,~I ~ 'ill':'l ,~I ,Y"J.<.,)"::" ., '-" 0 ., '-" 0 .,

II' .< ~' ~ , \ ., il ~'. ~, il .. !,k oJ' , ~, ... 8:.)' JJ)) :J\.i ~ J ~ ~ ~r-' , ,J NY" JJ '~ ,'!-J , ,

The imam and noted scholar Abu Is}:laq IbrahIm ibn

A}:lmad ibn 'Abd al-Wa}:lid ibn 'Abd al-Mu'min at-TanukhI

al-Ba'lbakI, who lived in Cairo informed me ...

TamIm ad-DarI who said: The Messenger of Allah ~

said: "The Messenger of Allah ~ said, 'The dfn is sincer­

ity. The din is sincerity. The dfn is sincerity.'" They asked,

"To whom, Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "To Allah,

His Book, Messenger, and the leaders of the believers and

Muslims, and their common people." (Abu Diiwud).

Comments: TamIm ibn Usayd ibn I:Iaritha ad-DarI J@" be­

came a Muslim alongside his brother Na'Im J@". Prior to

becoming a Muslim he was a Christian. He was known to

Ibn al-ljajar al-'Asqalanz

be the most ascetic in his time and the devout worshipper of

Palestine. He narrated the incident of witnessing al:Jassassa

and Dajjal to the Prophet ~ who, to his virtue, mentioned

this to the other Companions ~ in a sermon. He is also

the first to light a lamp in the mosque. (al-I~aba: 2:8-11).

Imam Abu Dawiid says that this is one of the five piv­

otalJ:taduhs upon which the whole of the SharI'a is based.

Imam Ibn Rajab al-f.IanbalI writes that din is the aggregate

of Islam, Iman and Ihsan as mentioned in the J:tadith of

Jibra'Il and true dIn cannot be attained if one does not have

sincerity and devotion. This includes, being sincere to and

wanting good for fellow human beings, as well as perfect­

ing one's intention in their devotion to Allah •. (Ibn Rajab

al-f.IanbalI, Jami' al-'Ulilm wa 'l-Ijikam)

Ijadfth 15

THE LETTER THA': THAWBA.N

2~ , 1 ~ d I;: . '.:: 11 '11ul,;jllJ~:1 ~IS';: ~' [.j~:JI.~I..J 0/ '. r. ~ do..,,::- ":!"'" Yo, .r.>.Y if , ' , ? .r .. ." '\tn' ..x ~W' _I~ .' ~LX .' e-" J" Ay <I . <I

~.1JI:) jJL!J)) :j(; rLJ ~ illl ~ ~I ~;':j J~ ~~J .J.lJ~ (Jj ~1 cl :~ jw ~~ ~WI ~t :1)(; jJ t; ~IJ

Al-Arba'zn

_0 t....." tI' tI' ",

Ilo"'j\ '\ \;~Wt..,;,~'~'\·<\~ ,T: .t...r-., , . .JJ.J y;

AI-I:Iafi~ Abu al-I:Iasan 'All ibn AbI Bakr ibn Sulayman ibn

~aliQ. informed us when it was read to him and 1 was listen­

ing ...

Thawban, the freed slave of the Messenger of Allah.

who said: "When that which was revealed about gold and

silver was revealed [9:34], people asked, 'Which property

should we acquire?' 'Umar said, 'I will find that out for

you.' He said, 'Messenger of Allah ., which wealth should

we acquire?' He replied, 'You should acquire a heart which

is grateful, a tongue which remembers [Allah !lIffi] and a

righteous wife to help one in the affairs of the Next World."

( at -1irmidhf).

Comments: Thawban ~ the Prophet's. freed slave. He

was of Arab stock. The Prophet. bought him and then

freed him, but he attended to the needs of the Prophet.

until the Prophet. died. He then moved to Ramallah and

then to Horns where he died in 54 hijri. Once the Prophet

• said, 'whoever assures me that they will not ask anyone

for anything, 1 will guarantee Jannah for them.' Thawban

~ said, 'I can give this guarantee.' Thenceforth he did not

ask anything from anyone. (al-Ifiiba: 2:88).

Ibn al-J:lajar al-'Asqaliint

Jfadfth 16

THE LETTER JiM: JABIR

, i .!J~.~.h ~ 'wll:&. 1 !;.~ '1 'I'';~ hOi;. ~:' ~ ~-Ii J" : ~ , <f. ' ., Yo -, t:. . .r r:-'- ,? ~

... ~ liil ~ I;:' • ' J..;;.f Gil ....p--: <r if. '!" . , ~ ~il ~:(' :S-'~ i.:.' '\i :j\i ~ ill I ' .' wi ~ .' ~ .r' rJc';sr.r-Ji ~J, -- if.t:.. jw.~"~I\.- ;'~;I :, ..(~"·l5JII:~lS i;J.J'3~1~·11 "f'~~ JJ-', ~ ~ J~ 'it':( _ if 7' J , J ~ yAJ

J. ." '~I ~<II '. i'~' .«~' J/ ~ 11;» :1-:,' ~ illl ~ '- ~ ~II 7' ,r.': , J cI .;S J .J f. r-J ,- ...r- '-5"

:rLJ ~ illl ~ ~I jw ,~j~1 ': ;'~;I J;- ~:l;.filll~ j

Al-MufId Abu MuJ:tammad 'Abdullah ibn al-MuJ:taddith

Abu al-'Abbas A.J:tmad ibn 'All al-QasimI narrated to us ...

jabir ibn 'Abdullah ~ said: "A man stood up and per­

formed the two rak'ahs of Fajr. In the first he recited all of

Sural al-Kiifiriln and the Prophet f} said, 'This is a slave who

knows his Lord.' In the final rak'ah he recited all of Sural

al-Ikhl(4 and the Prophet said, 'This is a slave who believes

in his Lord.'" TalJ:tah said, "I like to recite these two suras

in these two rak'ahs." (Ibn Jfibbiin).

Al-Arba'zn

Comments: jabir ibn 'Abdillah Ibn 'Arnr al-An~ari

as-Salami, Abu 'Abdillah ... Both father and son were

Companions of the Prophet ~. He was from those

Companions who narrated the most J:tadUhs. He used to

bring water to the Companions during the battle of Badr

but was too young to join in combat. The Prophet prayed

twenty five times to Allah for him in one night. He was

one of the last Companions to die in Madinah in 78 hijri.

(al-I~iiba, 2:120-123).

The hadith is related to the two sunnah rakii'at of fajr and

not the actualfar¢ as mentioned in another J:taduh of Ibn

I:Iibban. (ash-Shawkani, Tulifat adh-Dhiikirfn)

ljadfth 17

THE LETTER !fA': I;IAzIM IBN I;IARMALAH

" L "" , , , ~'.:JLX :;'b " , ....... ! ~ 0/ .' '1,;.:' ~I':' Ii ~t,;JI J 0/ : .:r. • J Yo '-I-~ ?0r~ .y-~. ,?~

,.... tii ..... "" 0 0 ~ ~"~ 'II~ ;"·IL~ "W' 6..1JI~' "~I "':Ii~ "~I \J::-! , ·r -:--J J' ; /0 '-I- -k ' ) '-I- !-..r-" 0

... ;.)IJpll "l&.~ :l::" ~ illl Lilli J' " .;'" J't:; ili 0/ .' '1,;. '-I- ~J/O <J-, .-"""'f;.)J" ?0i~

«414 ~l~~ .qJJ.;;..q :4i1 j'JS ~jS ~.!.J~f~1» :J~ ,.. ,.... ,....,..

66

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqaliinz

Abu DaW11d Sulayman ibn .A}:lmad ibn 'Abd al-'AzIz

aI-MadanI informed me by my reading out to him in the

Noble Rawc;lah between the grave and the minbar ...

I:Iazim ibn I:Iarmalah said: "I passed by the Messenger

of Allah ~ and he called me and said, 'Shall I not direct

you to one of the treasures of the Garden? [It is the state­

ment:] 'There is no power nor strength except by Allah.'"

(Ibn Miijah).

Comments: I:Iazim ibn I:Iarmala ibn Mas'ud al-GhifarI

~. This is the only l).adIth that this Companion narrated.

(al-hiiba, 2:430).

ljadfth 18

THE LETTER KHA': KHAwwAT IBN JUBAYR

~~. ,)WI~J~{ '1\J~:f '" ··..;...I':~' .~lwO/ ~ , d.~, .• y..r.>F-if.,r(f, ,?~

... ~~J.JI ;.;.li.;. ~.;. ~'i.P»:::l:.'~illl i'-...LlIJ'·"JLi:JLi '" ··..;...1': r-J ,. ..s- ,J""'.J F- if. ' ~

Al-Arba'zn

Abu Mu}:lammad 'Abd aI-Qadir ibn Mu}:lammad ibn 'Ali

ibn al-'Umar ad-Dimashqi informed us ...

Khawwat ibnJubayr who said about the Messenger of

Allah It: "In the Fear Prayer half of the group stood with

him while the other group faced the enemy. He prayed

one rak'ah with those who were him and then stood and

they stood and completed it for themselves." (Ibn Mandah,

Ma'rijat aJ-$a~iiba).

Comments: Khawat ibnJubayr ibn an-Nu'man al-An~ari

•. Ibn Ishaq and others have said that he participated in

the battle of Badr but had to return due to an infection on

his shins caused by a stone. A portion of the booty was

allocated for him. He also participated in the battle of

U}:lud. He died at 74 years old in the year 40 AH. (al-IJiiba:

3:322-326).

Jfadrth 19

THE LETTER DA.L: DIl:IYAH

u'.' I~~"l!;..~ ~" 'ii'Q.~ht;'-:ft;..~:'J\iJ\J": ~0' If. r-y, -- ~. ,:?" ,?~

t . ~,; ... ~........,\

J'\ ii~ i\ ~~'...L. .;;'~: ,< ~.;. ~ , t;..~ ~f .' ici\ ,':' ; ,fl"' <..>-",~ ,-~ ~ C.? ., If. ., ''-E'"''"' ~~

68

Ibn al-Ijajar al- 'Asqaliint

01 0j~T ~F 'dcl ~ ~I-, ~f;,;, ? .0~j ~ ~ ~) ~j,i .~I'I 0 .~q ~ \; I,of, 0'11 ~f' :ill :J' ~ ~o~ J'I ' , 'l!.li dO 't.:' J..p- .r '.r.'.J ,~yJ ~C::-J J~

.!do't.:':I~0.ill-!iJ1jo!' ..... t;. .. .:k ~ j.; ~'lo'O/\;O~~1 r-' J .ff":q- 0:!" , .JA'.,; J , 'f :r.r.s: J ." ~

((~l:"': ;')1 ~I» :.!.lJ1 ~ JLi

AI-MufId Abu Ja'far Mu1:lammad ibn Mu1:lammad ibn

'Vmar aI-MadanI informed us ...

Man~ur al-KalbI that: Di1:lyah ibn Khallfah left his vil­

lage al-Mizzah in Damascus in Rama<;lan and went as far

as the town of'Vqbah. Then he broke the fast and some

people broke it with him. Others did not want to break the

fast. When he returned to his town, he said, "I have seen

today a matter which 1 did not think that 1 would see. Some

people were averse to the guidance of Mu1:lammad and his

Companions!" He said that to those who did not break the

fast. Then he said at that point, "0 Allah, take me to you!"

(Abu DawM).

Comments: Di1:lya ibn Khallfa al-KalbI ~ was a very

prominent companion. He was very handsome that the an­

gelJibra'II used to come in his appearance. He took up his

final residence in Mizzah in Damascus where he died dur­

ing the caliphate of Mu'awiyah ~. (al-I~aba, 3:381-383).

6g

Al-Arba'zn

Jfadfth 20

THE LETTER DHAL: DHU AL-YADAYN

..... ,... 0 -' -' ,........, ........... ....... ..... -; ..4

~I.)!'~ .~l\ ~ «..;....r;:.; '1:; ,- :) \;» :JL4j ~~I';" ~ fl ,~ :, :1

~);.\JI j~j ~ J.i;, :jt:; ((~0:Q1;1 j~ 11\;» ;jw~:; ~ .. : • II ~J.;..:;.:l;..:;..! .• ~::<, ~ '_i: : L:.' ~ ~I ~ '- wI j' , , ~ '1' . r-' ~.J ~ r-.J ,- ...s- , Y'" J

Al-Musnad al-A~l Abu al-'Abbas Al:tmad ibn 'All ibn

Mul:tammad ibn 'Abd al-I:Iaqq ad-DimashqI informed

us ...

Ma'dI ibn Sulayman, the provider of food informed us:

I heard Ibn Mutayr relate from his father while [his father]

Mutayr was present confirming what he said: My father,

did you not tell us that Dhu al-Yadayn met you at Dhu

Khushub and told you that:

Ibn al-l/ajar al- 'Asqalani

The Messenger of Allah ~ prayed one of the afternoon

prayers with them, and it was Zuhr, and he said the salam

after two rak'ahs. Then he got up and Abu Bakr and 'Vmar

followed him, and the people swiftly left the mosque. Dhu

al-Yadayn caught up to him and said, "Messenger of Allah,

have you forgotten or has the prayer been shortened?" He

replied, "I did not forget and it has not been shortened."

Then he turned to Abu Bakr and 'Vmar and asked, "What

is Dhu al-Yadayn saying?" They answered, "He spoke the

truth, Messenger of Allah." So the Messenger of Allah ~

returned and prayed two rak'ahs and then performed the

two prostrations of forgetfulness. ('Abdullah ibn A~mad ibn

lfanbal, Ziyiidat al-Musnad).

Comments: Dhul Yadayn as-SulamI ~. It is said that his

real name was Khirbaq. (al-I~aba, 3:434).

lfadith 21

THE LETTER RA': RAFI' IBN 'AMR

"'~'~\ Q\'i~\"~:\ ".'·\'~'.\·I\J"~ ~ 0". '!". Yo, ~r.> Jr 'I- C} J (f ,J' ,? <f.

... " ' .x . ·W· ~ .;5jiJ\ ~,. ~ fi..~,

:J~ '\ ,8jJ' '\ ~~ ct' ~ :J~ • u.J\ ".' '\' J ~J J ~-!. ' Jr 'I- ~ J

71

Al-Arba''in

.~::: I'~ \;» :Jw :::1:..' ~ ~\ L t :1\' ,-t, ~'\j\ ,.:..:: ~J' r:: i - r-J ,- <J"""" -.r::- '-:!':- <.I-'! if""

~ 1.~'. ~J5j'~\rJ':h :Jw :Jij ... j5i :~jLJij «~~\ .«~. :f ~ ~III» :Jij" \"".: «Icl:d .t;; ("T"'" J~.)e::--r' ~

Al-Musnid Abu al-'Abbas AJ:tmad ibn 'Umar al-Lu'lu'I in­

formed me by my reading out to him in Egypt .. '.

Rafi' ibn 'Amr al-GhifarI said: "When I was a boy, I

used to throw stones at our palm trees, (or he said, "the

trees of the An~ar") and I was taken to the Prophet ~ who

said, 'Why do you throw stones at the palm trees child?' I

answered, 'To eat them.'" He said, "(the Prophet ~) said,

'Do not throw stones at the palm trees. Eat what falls under

them.' Then he stroked my head and said, '0 Allah, fill his

belly!'" (Abu Diiwud).

Comments: Rafi' ibn 'Amr ibn al-Mujadda' al-GhifarI ~.

He took up residence in Basra. Imam Muslim included one

of his l).adIths in his collection. (al-hiiba, 3:367).

Ibn al-Ifajar al-'Asqalanf

Jfadzth 22

LETTER ZAy: ZUHAYR IBN ~URAD

~j ~;;';~~\.£Lf~ ... rJ-5 ~ ~\ J~J L# ~I

~ LA ;~ ~ t+i; ~.l; ~ ... j:iJ 4i~ :iJ }-J..:: ~ ~I

73

Al-Arba'zn

,~~~ ~·'d~L.. .'~ ·~ ... G~-.:.Ju·· :<-1 ~L.:.;.q ~-)~ ~ ,~ v--.

~ '; !1:JI ~ ~j J ~lS \;» :rLJ ~ WI J:., ~I j~) Jili

~lS \; ~j.~~.li ~j ,~~}j ~~ 8 ~lS \; :~~\il Jt:;J .«rJj .JI"\iI'· 1'.lJI~ . ',j .. ,YO J '-?J. J ~ r-f. '" ~

Abo. al-'Abbas Al:Imad ibn MuQ.ammad ibn AQ.mad ibn

al-Kharrat al-Iskandarl informed me ...

Zuhayr ibn ~urad ibnJirwal al:JushamI, who was the

chief of his people and also had the kunyah Abo. ~urad, said:

"On the day ofJ:Iunayn, the Messenger of Allah fii made us

prisoners and while he was passing between the men and

the women, I leapt forward until I sat before him. I began

to remind him of how he had grown up and come to youth

among the Hawazin and how they had suckled him, and

so I began to recite:

74

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqalanz

Be gracious to us, Messenger of Allah, with generosity.

You are the man from whom we hope for it and expect [it].

Be gracious to a group (bay¢ah) whom fate has hampered

And whose unity has been broken by the vicissitudes of time.

War continued to heap sorrows on us

and grief (ghammii') and hardships (ghumar) cover their hearts.

If blessings which you disperse do not reach them,

o most forbearing of people when tested,

Then be gracious to women from whom you suckled

When your mouth was filled with their pure milk (darar).

You were a small child you nursed from her,

and what you do will adorn you and not be wasted.

o best of those for whom the chestnut (kumt) steeds !jiyiid) run

in the tumult when the sparks fly,

Do not make us like someone who has died (shiilat na'iimatuh),

but show us good. We are a glorious company.

We hope for pardon from you,

Guide of mankind, since you pardon and help.

We thank you for blessing if you forgive,

and after this day we will store it up.

Show pardon to those of your mothers from whom you suckled.

Pardon is helped.

Pardon! May Allah pardon what you fear

on the Day of Rising when the feet are guided to you!

75

Al-Arba'zn

The Messenger of Allah ~ said, "Whatever is mme

and Bano 'Abd al-Muttalib's is yours." The An~ar said,

"Whatever is ours is for Allah and His Messenger." So the

Muslims returned what they had received of captives and

wealth." (at-Tabariini, al-Mu}"am a~-$aghlr).

Comments: Zuhayr ibn ~urad ~ is also known as Abo

a~-~urad. He is famously known for the above l).aduh.

(al-I~iibii, 4:45-46).

This incident happened during the battle of Hunayn in

the 8th hijri when after the conquest of Makkah the Prophet

~ and the Companions ~ turned their attention to the

tribe of Hawazin. The Hawazin were gathering an army of

twenty thousand against the Prophet ~ on fear that after

Makkah they will be next. Initially the Muslims were on the

brink of destruction when the Hawazin forced them to re­

treat into a ravine, the valley of Hunayn and then attacked

them from all sides. Many of the Companions ~ dispersed

once the ambush took place, but they finally pulled their

act together and defeated the Hawazin. One of the clans of

Hawazin was the Bano Sa'd ibn Bakr who also came out to

fight. When the Hawazin got captured an old woman from

the Bano Sa'd ibn Bakr claimed that she was the Prophet's

~ sister. She was brought to the Prophet ~ who asked her

to prove that she was his sister. She showed him a bite mark

Ibn al-ljajar al-'Asqalanz

which he 1!t gave her as a child when she was carrying him

on her hip in the valley of Sarar amidst the flock of I:IalIma

as-Sa'diyya • his foster-mother. The Prophet 1!t then recog­

nized her, his foster-sister Shayma' the daughter of I:IalIma

•. He spread his cloak on the floor for her and sat down

to converse with her rejoicing and relishing their childhood

moments. The reference to the Prophet 1!t drinking the milk

of the women of Hawazin is reference to his foster-mother

Halima as-Sa'diyya •.

/fadzth 23

THE LETTER SiN: ABU SA'iD

, , 'f ' ""',,' , , , '1 ' . -- : f ' , ' f ' , ·'·Ii .,,' ..l...>- 0~.:r.~~Y. '-!'--~ ~,-!,:-,y:,r--- Y?~

... ~ t;iI ~ ci.;. q; 'iD :l:..' ~ illl 1 '- ill I J'" Jij..!ll~ .' ~ L..;, 'f r-J ,. ...r- , .r" ) , , 0, .. , '-!':-

Abu MuJ:tammad 'Umar ibn MuJ:tammad ibn AJ:tmad ibn

Salman al-BalisI informed me ...

Abu Sa'Id Sa'd ibn Malik al-KhudrI: the Messenger of

Allah 1!t said: "A prayer is only sound with the Umm al-Qur'iin

(surah Fiiti~ii) and another surah with it." (Ibn Miijah).

77

Al-Arba'zn

Comments: Sa'd ibn Malik ibn Sinan Abu Sa'Id al-Khu<;lrI

~. He was too young to participate in the battle of Uhud

where his father was martyred. He was one of those

Companions who narrated the most l:J.aduhs from the

Prophet ~. I:Ianzala ibn AbI Sufyan narrates from his

teachers that Abu Sa'Id al-Khu<;ln ~ was the most knowl­

edgeable of the law from the younger Companions. He

died in 74 hijri. (al-IJiiba, 4:293-97).

Imam Abu I:Ianlfa is one of the narrators in the isniid

of this hadith.

lfadlth 24

THE LETTER SHiN: SHAKAL IBN I;IUMAYD

, .L.:J • ;: ~ " ". ;; ~ '0 0,.;; '. J.L ~ " f '~\ ': ~i 'I· i~ J~ <..I- ,.r".:.r"--''-?~.r".:.r''--'~.r"~ ; Y <./~rr- "If

o :lJ.'A ...... 0 i;::!!--;:" .... ?.r" ~J '-:f!:"'.r".:.r"--'

Abu al-Yumn Mul:J.ammad ibn Mul:J.ammad ibn As'ad in­

formed me ...

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqalilnl

Shakal ibn I:Iumayd al-'AbsI, who said: "I said,

'Messenger of Allah, teach me a prayer of seeking refuge

which 1 can use to seek protection.' He said, 'Say: 0 Allah, 1

seek Your protection from the evil of my hearing, from the

evil of my sight, from the evil of my tongue, from the evil

of my heart and from the evil of my [sexual] desire." (Abu

Diiwud).

Comments: Shakal ibn I:Iumayd al-'AbsI ~ is a Kilfan

Companion from I:Iuzayfa ibn al-Yamans group. (al-I.~iiba,

5:132)

The texts of the two commentaries on at-TirmidhI and

Abu Dawtld, Tulfat al-a~wadhf and :4wn al-ma'bud agree

on the wording manryyf-sexual desire, and the latter has:

"Which is that someone's sexual desire dominates them so

that they fall into adultery or those things that lead up to it,

meaning 'from the evil of his genitals so that 1 do not fall

into adultery and gazing at that which is prohibited to me.'

Some have said that it is the plural of manryyah [manilyil]

with an a on the mfm i.e. from the evil of death i.e. [seeking

refuge] that one's spirit be taken while one is engaged in

some ugly act.

79

Al-Arba'zn

lfadith 25

THE LETTER $AD: ~UHAYB

S~ "J!;.;.~'~' QI ~~-:Li1;.t~iI.)~I..J": 'I" .:r. q". Y.~, , ,?~

ill I ~ .' . ".JI ~ ~' " 1"1 -t;..;..1 '1 ~-:, ,;:~ ! I'I~II , , 0 :.r> ".:r. ~ ..r., ~ ~ Y. ~ ~ ~

. .. .u.JI ...:..:::, ! ~ .:: II q" , , -';~.r-'"'

:I-:".j&.illl l'_illIJo"~~:J:', 0,' .O;~" r-J ,. ~,Y"J " •. ;r ~.:r. ~ , . ' 'jjI 0 ~ J... ,.,

((fw.J' FJoI':; rs;,:.» :J~ Abu al-'Abbas A}:tmad ibn Mu}:tammad ibn 'Uthman

aI-KhalIl informed us in Ghazzah (Gaza) ...

I:Jarnzah ibn $uhayb from his father: "I heard the

Messenger of Allah lJI say, 'The best of you is he who feeds

food [to people].'" (Musnad A&mad).

Comments: $uhayb ibn Sinan Abu Ya}:tya ar-RumI~. His

father Sinan was a governor of the Persian Empire for the

city of Ublah (which later became Basra). He was taken

as a slave by the Byantine army when they sacked Ubla.

Thereafter he was sold as a slave, changing from one mas­

ter to another. He escaped from slavery at the first chance

he got and came to Makkah where the people gave him

the epithet ar-Rumi the Byzantine. He was a confeder­

ate of 'Abdullah ibn Jud'an and was one of the first to

80

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqalanz

accept Islam. He became a Muslim with 'Arnmar ibn Yasir

~when the Prophet. was still in the house of Arqam. He

was one of the last to emigrate to Madina that year with

'AlI~. (al-hiiba, 3:364).

One can observe from the isnad of this hadith (see ap­

pendix) the amount of travelling that the scholars did for

knowledge. Imam Ibn I:Iajar heard this bad'ith in Gaza,

his teacher heard it in Jerusalem, his teacher heard it in

Makkah, his teacher heard it Madinah, his teacher heard it

Granada and his teacher heard it in Isfahan.

lfad'ith 26

THE LETTER PAD: I?UMA YRAH

81

Al-Arba''in

Abu al-Ma'alI Mul:lammad ibn A}:tmad ibn Sulayman al­

An~arI ad-DimashqI informed us in Cairo ...

Busayn ibn 'Abdullah from his father from his grandfa­

ther: The Prophet ~ passed by Umm I)umayrah who was

weeping and asked, "Why are you weeping? Are you hun­

gry? Are you naked?" She replied, "Messenger of Allah. I

have been parted from my son." The Messenger of Allah

~ said, "A mother and her child are not parted." Then he

sent to the one who had I)umayrah and bought him from

him for a young camel. (al-Bukhiiri, a[-Tiirikh al-Kabir).

Comments: I)umayra ibn AbI I)umayra a<;l-I)umayrI

al-LaythI ~. 'Abd aI-GhanI al-MaqdasI thinks that this

I)umayra ~ is the same one who prayed behind the

Prophet ~ with Ibn 'Abbas ~ and an old lady. (al-I~iiba,

3:401). The Prophet's ~ saying, 'Are you naked?' isn't obvious­

ly about whether she is physically naked or not, it's related

to whether she has sufficient clothes to wear or whether

she is cold. And Allah knows best. Umm I)umayrah was

a slave girl who was parted from her child by her master.

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqalanz

Jfadith 27

THE LETTER 7'.1': TALQ IBN 'ALI

·'~f~",!;.~...uI~'1~-:f-I;:: .. ' -1'L~' .UJIJ" ~ '/ ..r. '" y. .r.> -,r:-,/~:r, ,?~

·'~~'~f QI ~~-:fJli'~! '_II'!! <·::JI...uI~ '/ ' ..r. q". Y..r.> ~ I.? ~ r-' I.?.r-"', "

,!t.G:UI~~'· ~'II~~f'11H;JI~-:L'I1.;.li <-~, f ~- , ..r.~r-'. Y., .r.>.J r<./;,

~~~J~,~~f,~ j;~:Jli«~~frst~1

Abu 'Abdullah MuJ:tammad ibn AJ:tmad ibn 'Abdullah

al-I:IamawI then al-Mi~rI informed us ...

Qays ibn Talq from his father Talq ibn 'AlI who said: "I

went to the Messenger of Allah ~ when they were build­

ing the foundation of the mosque of Madlnah. They were

moving the stones and 1 asked, 'Messenger of Allah, should

Al-Arba'fn

we not move the stones as they are doing?' He said, 'No,

brother of Yamamah. Mix the mud for them. You people

know how to do it better.' I began to mix the mud for them

and they moved it." (Ad-Diiraqutni, Sunan)

Comments: Talq ibn 'All ~ was a famous Companion who

the Prophet ~ consulted for his expertise on mud. (al-I~iiba,

3:437)·

Jfadith 28

THE LETTER ?,A': ~UHA YR IBN RAFI'

Abu AJ:tmad MuJ:!ammad ibn 'All al-I:IarlrI al-I:IanafI in­

formed us ...

Ibn al-lJajar al-'Asqaltin'i

Abu an-NajashI: I heard Rafi' ibn Khadlj say: "Zuhayr

ibn Rafi' came to us and said, 'The Messenger of Allah

tfr forbade us something which made things easy for us.'

I asked, "What was that?" He replied, 'The Messenger of

Allah. commanded and it is true. He asked me, "What

do you do with your fields?" I replied, "We rent them in

return for a quarter [of the produce] and for some wasqs of

wheat and barley." He said, "Do not do it. Cultivate them

yourselves, cultivate them yourselves, or leave them [un­

cultivated].''''' (Agreed upon).

Comments: Zuhayr ibn Rafi' al-An~arI al-AwsI ~ was one

of the Companions who met the Prophet • in the sec­

ond meeting of Aqaba. He was the uncle of the famous

Companion Rafi' ibn Khadlj ~. (Ibn Athlr, Usd al-Ghaba,

3:103, interestingly I could not find an entry for him in

al-IJaba although Ibn I:Iajar does mention him in Rafi ibn

Khadlj's entry).

'Cultivate them yourselves, cultivate them yourselves',

The edition we have repeats the command "cultivate them

yourselves" twice. In Fat~ aI-Ban Ibn I:Iajar comments on

the l:taduh as transmitted by Imam al-BukharI and says:

"He said, 'izra'uha aw azri'uha-cultivate them yourselves or

give them to others to cultivate' the first with an i on the ali!,

which is an alif waJI, and an a on the ra', whereas the second

Al-Arba'zn

has an alif qat' and a rii' with an i. The aw-or-is for the

purpose of offering a choice not because of a doubt [on the

part of the narrator]. What it means is 'cultivate them your­

selves or give them to others to cultivate without payment.'"

Jfadrth 29

THE LETTER ~YN: 'ABDULLAH IBN MAs'fm

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqalanz

Abu al-I:Iasan Mu\:lammad ibn al-I:Iasan ibn 'All a~-~ufl in­

formed me by my reading out to him in Egypt ...

'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud that he said: "We were with the

Messenger of Allah tt in Masjid al-I:Iaram while a group of

idolators were sitting there. The Messenger of Allah iI; was

standing in prayer. Before that a camel had been slaugh­

tered and its intestines and filth remained. Abu Jahl said,

'A man should take this filth and throw it on Mu\:lammad."

While the Prophet of Allah iI; was prostrating the worst

of them was sent and threw it on him. We were in awe of

removing it from him until Fatimah came and removed it

from him. He stood and I heard him say while he was stand­

ing, '0 Allah, be harsh on Mu<;iar, 0 Allah, with famine

like the famine ofYusuf! 0 Allah, deal with al-I:Iakam ibn

Hisham (who was AbuJahl), 'Utbah ibn Rabl'ah, Shaybah

ibn Rabl'ah, al-Walld ibn 'Utbah, 'Uqbah ibn Abi Mu'ayt,

Umayyad ibn Khalaf' and another man."

Ibn Mas'ud said, "I saw them in the following year

thrown down into the well, the well of Badr." (Agreed upon).

Comments: 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud ibn Ghafil al-HudhalI,

Abu AbdurRa\:lman ~ was one of the first Companions

to accept Islam. He says that 'I am the sixth of six when

there where no other Muslims.' He migrated to Abyssinia

and was present at Badr. He is a close Companion of the

Al-Arba'zn

Prophet and was seen to be a member of the household to

the extent that he was known as the 'keeper of the Sandals'

of the Prophet ~ (~ii~ib an-na'layn). He was the first to re­

cite the Qur'an in Makkah. He was known as a scholar

amongst the Companion and was sent as teacher to Kufa

by 'Umar ibn al-Khanab ~. He died in Madina in 32 hijri.

(al-I~iiba, pg8).

It was not normally in the nature of the Prophet ~ to

curse someone. The Prophet was most forgiving as could

be seen in the incident of Ta'f, or the aforementioned

l).adnh of Zuhayr during the battle of I:Iunayn.

/fadfth30

THE LETTER GHAYN: GHARAFAH IBN AL-I:IA.RITH

'·'·"~\;:··1··'-:1 "'I ·~:'~·';;~:~I··:il .,,' -:r. ~ ~ Yo '-I-.r.>" ~~'--' <I"" r if,· 0"" ~? ~ .. . t\ ;.~iI".::il~" 'I;: .. '~I ~ t-r '" 0~0

..:t. ~I i '- .ill I J' " .;' ;; :J~ • ..:sJ1 .!J G...il ~ • ~V ,- <.r- ~ Y'" J ~ <? " ~ ~ do r ~'Jj((·'.::JIG1·\ ';I))JW0:DL.. q' 1~'il,;,;,,··:L.' ...;: y-'"' .<...f'-y ,";'-"J~Y,. -I-r-J :l:"~ ..:t. ~I i '-.illl j'" 1;1' ((~.::: il \~·t .:J)) :~ Jw ~ I;: r-J '" <.r- , Y'" J J "f'"' u--- . ..s::-

,~ -~..::.;~ '\' ~.:..5' ~ ,: L!.li '0:D1 . I~. Cj,.! L.A~I -, J J " ,J V ~. -I- ~ r-'

88

Ibn al-Jfajar al- 'Asqaliin'i

Abu 'All Mu\:lammad ibn A\:lmad ibn 'All ibn 'Abd al-'Azlz

al-Fac;liII informed me ...

from 'Abdullah ibn al-I:Iarith al-AzdI who said: 1

heard Gharafah ibn al-I:Iarith al-KindI say: "I witnessed

the Messenger of Allah lli in the Farewell Hajj when he

brought some camels [for sacrifice J. He said, 'Call Abu

al-I:Iasan for me.' So 'All was summoned to him and he

told him, 'Take the bottom of the spear.' The Messenger of

Allah lli took the top of it and then stabbed the camel with

it. When he finished, he mounted his mule, and mounted

'All behind him." (Abu Diiwud).

Comments: Gharafah ibn al-I:Iarith Abu al-I:Iarith al­

Yamani al-KindI ~. He fought 'Ikrimah ibn AbI Jahl in

the apostacy war. He was present at the final Hajj and the

Prophet lli prayed for him. He was one of the first to wit­

ness the conquest of Egypt and took up residence there.

(al-IJiiba, 5:245).

89

Al-Arba'zn

Jfaduh31

THE LETTER FA': FAJ?A.LAH AL-LAYTHI

, ~ ;' ;;;" «LftJ~ ~.'>lP) ~'0

Abu 'Abd ar-Ral)man 'Abdullah ibn Khalil al-f.Iurstani in­

formed us when he was read to at the Mu~affari mosque ...

'Abdullah ibn Fa<;lalah al-Laythl from his father that he

said: "The Messenger of Allah ~ taught me, and part of

what he taught me was that he said, 'Safeguard the five

prayers.' 1 said, 'I have business at these five times, so com­

mand me something general which if 1 do, it will suffice

for me.' He said, 'Preserve the two times (L1Jrs)." 1 asked,

'What are the two L1Jrs?' He answered, 'The prayer before

sunrise and the prayer after its setting.'" (Abu Diiwud).

Comments: Fa<;lala ibn Abdillah al-Laythi ~, not to be

go

Ibn al-lfajar al- 'Asqalani

confused with Fa<;lala az-ZahranI who is a Follower (tiibi''i).

(al-I~iiba, 5:286).

L1~r here is to be understood in its literal sense meaning

'time' and not the late afternoon prayer. The Arabs some­

times refer to the night and day by the word L1~Tiin (the

two times). This lfaduh at first glance seems problematic

since it gives the impression that when someone is busy

they can get away with only offering the two prayers. This

is not the case, the lfaduh is not exclusive of the other

prayers but rather an emphasis on the two prayers where

the Companion needs to devote more time or offer them in

thejamii'at as imam Ibn I.Jajr explains it. See L1wn al-Ma'bud

and Fatb al-Qgdfr by al-MunawI for more details.

lfadfth32

THE LETTER QAF: QATADAH IBN MILl.iAN

sf. ~i S;.#?';1 ~;":'i ~~ sf. ~:;8 ~ ~WI ~;;. ~ ... t:.J~1 1'~.o~~~W· t I:;"llwl~ .'~ '"" ~'" ; '" .A '-$~ r-, '".,,:, , ,...... .... ,.. t ,....0"..... ....... "

wI J' " .:Jl5"» :J\j ":"1 :' • '~II.:J\;J...·' .:;t;;; . ' ..!.LL;JI ~ , .J"".J '"; :r ~. ' .,,: .":,, '"

" "'" " ,.. ,...,

~? ciJiJ~? ~~ :~I f~ 0i ~~~ rLJ ~ ~I ~ II '.JJI ;;'~<, .J'~" ~'~' ,,~, ..t ~ r.I':' y.;.J o?, ~ J

AI-Arba'in

Abu al-I:Iasan 'All ibn Al;tmad ibn Mul;tammad ibn 'Abdu­

llah al-MuradawI informed us when he was read to in his

mosque at Jabal a~-~alil;tiyyah ...

'Abd aI-Malik ibn Qatadah ibn Mill;tan al-QaysI from

his father who said: "The Messenger of Allah" used to

command us to fast the white days: the 13th, 14th and 15th•

He said that it is like the form of [fasting] all the time."

(Musnad A&mad).

Comments: I:Iayyan ibn 'Amr says, 'The Prophet ..

touched Qatada ibn Mill;tan's ~ face. When he became

old his whole body became wrinkled except his face. I was

near him when he was on his death bed and I saw the face

of a passing by woman on his face due to the sheen he had

on it.' (al-I~iiba, 5:317).

/fadfth 33

THE LETTER KAF: KA'B IBN 'UJRAH

~., ~ .. ".Ji ~ ~I ~-:f ! ~ il ." 'II ~ ~. ~., Y- .:r. <.r>. ~ I.$.ff <.r> J" ".:r. Y-

o Eo "r: ., ,,0 ~ f, 0 "f. .. " .• , ~ II ., ~ - . I' "\'wI" I "1 ~ .. ' • 'II ~ ~I ~'tl ~ - . I • 1:'11 ~ Yo ~~, ~ .r.~.:r. <.r> J" . '+:" ~ ~

92

Ibn al-lfajar al- 'Asqalanz

:;. ~\ d. ~I C;;;\ )1a~ Ii d. ~\ C;;;\ ~ Y. d. J;.jl ~ t.. Itt , .., "d" ..".;; "t .... ,.-, I ~ 'I C; - . I "'.' GJI ~ , J ;,;.~ c '1 C; - . I 01~\"'!' . ',' I "I ..F. 0'! .r-~ 0'! c..r'. 0'! ~ Yo .r- _ 0'! ~ .r..

"'''' ~... -- -- .. -- ,-"" .-

~,,;,\ .Jij ~,~ .' ~:~ I~IJ' • \ :~'~~ .' "~1i .~ ...:i J' J'- ,!; <...r c.r- ~ <...r 'i', '! #..7' y- 'f"-'-

ct' . ·lfi' :l:..' ~ illl I-:. ill I J··'.!..lJ~:h· t, H -!.2'~ J'-I- J r--J __ ...r- , Y""'J ,c-- ~ J U-~

!~' ili;.~ ~~I)) :JW"":":'L' t, .,~ . t;..;.'~ I-,:u ':~l.\ " J,. ". ~; ~ J ~ ~ , J 'L--:-

«:;.?w~~ 'Abd aI-Qadir ibn 'Abd ar-RaJ:!man ibn MuJ:!ammad ibn

al-Fakhr 'Abd ar-RaJ:!man ibn Yusuf al-Ba'li: informed us ...

Ka'b ibn 'Ujrah said: "I was in i~ri1m and had a lot of

lice on my head. The Messenger of Allah ~ heard about

that and came to me while I was cooking a pot [of food]

for my companions. He stroked my head with his finger

and said, 'Go and shave it and give ~adaqah to six destitute

people.'" (Agreed upon).

Comments: Ka'b ibn 'Ujrah ibn Umayya ibn 'Ad'! ~ was

present with the Prophet~ during Hudaybiyya. There is a

difference of opinion regarding whether he is of Medinan

stock or not. Imam al-Bukhar'! is of the opinion that he

is wheras Ibn Sa'd says he could not find any evidence of

this. One of his hands was cut off in a battle after which he

resided in Kufa for a while. He died in Madina in 51 hijri

and was 57 years old. (al-I~i1ba, 5:449)·

93

Al-Arba'zn

/fadith 34

THE LETTER LAM: LAQIT

J.:&. ~ ° '1 ;;"~..\.AI>- 0''; ·1~~.iI' . Lili ,,;:~ .b:.AJ ~' ~I..J u ~ " 0'! "Yo '-?"!..,p'.", .f' r ' ? ~

... ~ ~~,;..JI ~I iLL I L 4.l.l1 Jo" ilL :Jij •. :J 0. ' ;,0, . 0.b:.AJ . ° ~ ~' ..s- ,.)-"J '.~ .f' .r."'" '! ,., '! ~ .f'

~I~I ·1;::·0.~1 . ~IV;:o ~'il .n\» :Jlli.o ~'il" :i-:.' ~ ;. ~ , , ~ C?J Y Y .;::' ,Y Y :r r-J ,.

«~~z,.t;

Al-Qa<;lI al-Mul;laddith Abu I:Iamid MuJ:tammad ibn

'Abdullah al-MakhzumI narrated to me in Makkah ...

'A~im ibn Laqlt ibn $abrah from his father that he said:

"1 asked the Messenger of Allah ~ about wudu', and he said,

"Do wu¢U'thoroughly and sniff water well up your nose un­

less you are fasting." ($a~fh Ibn lfibbiin).

Comments: Laqlt ibn $abra ~ only narrated two hadiths

from the Prophet~. He was from Hijaz. He says that he

was a delegate from his tribe and came to the Prophet ~.

He asked the Prophet ~ how to deal with his wife who was

foulmouthed. The Prophet ~ advised him, 'Counsel her

for if there is any good in her she will accept your counsel.

Do not beat your wife as though she is a slave.' (al-BaghawI,

Mujam a~-$a~iiba, 5:174).

94

Ibn al-ljajar al-'Asqaliini

lfadith 35

THE LETTER MiM: MUI:IAMMAD IBN ]AI:ISH

~l1 Y.f ~ ;"11 t~1 ~l;. ~ ;. ~ ::; ~I ~? ~ : ,'l;. :J\.i":': ~-l; , '\.i- t ;D~ t '1;.lJ1 u',~" ~' W <.F -,;f;. " , '-:f"'! ,-?, ,-?~, , Y"""- do

~\.i Cl;. ~I' ~l~l\ ~\ 0i W Cl;. ~:i;~-ll ~~~0i J~~ .. ::;; -" .. .. j:.. J. ..... O.!lf ..

8...;. ',' <-II .illl ~ , ' ~ , ' ~I ~ , J!;..'. WI, ;;;'~I ~, ,,0, 0 do ~ Yo, '

Cl;. ~jjl ~ Y. 0-; W Cl;. ~0.;j1 <I ~ 0-; '~ t UJI "', '. "I "", < , , C<, t" !-II ' ' , !... II \ ' , , < , , .; ~ ~ <I ~ ~.:r...4>.:o ' ...l.>-..,F.r-' :.r--- '-I- .:r...4>.:o

, ........,. ,,;..... "" .,;: ,. ..,..../ ~' ~ 8.:l;. 'lijJl...l.>-I~11 ~ ~' I~~.illl ~ ".1i;L;.J18.:l;. do '-' "Y"do ,,,Yo,

" 'L;...;.I ~"l!.;..~.illl ~ '11.tt;..i!Cl;. t 1':11 t'I'2"11 'I; o ~ ~ do '" Yo, '-I-.r' <.I-.r'" ~ Cl;. ! ~"U! ~ ~ , J ~~ ,':' " Cl;. t.Lj1 "',' ~

,-?,JJ, _ do ~.,-... Yo '-?" ~ 0 '

:;'11 ".illl ~ ~'W 2~ " Cl;.! ''':..::: ll.ill1 ~ ~"l!.;..~ ...r- 0, "do r Yo </--.r-""",,, do

::;.;.~ 0-; ~ Cl;. Jrs- 0-; J~~ Cl;. A 0-; 'I!;.~ Cl;. .,. ..... .. .. .....

.,. t: -I ..:,. .... ..... .. -;

;~~::; ~I I!;..'. ~101 :Jtij,~;. ~~~.)y ~ ~I ,... ",... .,. .......

,.tIl '<'~'J.:'~illl t'-.illIJ"'~~' .",' ~.r-' ..,F r ~J" ~"J-'J • :r ~ 0 «~,,, ,'l~I~\L!L1>J~II:;jJW0~'!2~~I1>J' I!...' I;

JY CJ!., • " , ~ ,J if' J <...r' , , -

'.J Ldl "~" ,'~i ,'~ " I~~ ~",~~ •• :;t::;\ i, <.I- ' ~JJr 0 0 ' 0 ' do ""

4J ! 'dl ~\ ,'J~~.j;. ~' ~t;. ~ '; <.1-, 0 ' ,,:r, , 95

Al-Arba'zn

The noted scholar Abu Tahir Mu\:lammad ibn Ya'qub

ash-ShIrazI al-LughawI, the Chief Qa<;\I in Zabld nar­

rated to me and said: Mu\:lammad ibn Mu\:lammad

al-AndalusI narrated to me: Mu\:lammad ibn A\:lmad

at-TilimsanI narrated to us: the Qac;lI of the Community

Abu al-Qasim Mu\:lammad ibn A\:lmad ibn Mu\:lammad

ibn 'Abdullah al-J:lusaynI narrated to us: Mu\:lammad

ibn Mu\:lammad ibn al-J:lac;lc;lar narrated to us: Mu\:lam­

mad ibn Yusuf ad-DimashqI narrated to us: Mu\:lammad

ibn AbI al-J:lusayn a~-$ufI informed us: Mu\:lammad ibn

'Abdullah ibn Ma\:lmud at-Ta'I narrated to us: al-J:lafi~ Abu

'Abdullah Mu\:lammad ibn 'Abd al-Wa\:lid ad-Daqqaq in­

formed us: Mu\:lammad ibn 'All al-Kiran ath-ThurabI nar-

96

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqaliinz

rated to us: al-f.Iafi~ Abu 'Abdullah ibn MuJ:tammad ibn

IsJ:taq ibn MuJ:tammad ibn YaJ:tya al-'Abdi narrated to us:

Abu Man~ur MuJ:tammad ibn Sa'd al-Barudi informed us:

MuJ:tammad ibn 'Abdullah al-f.Ia<;lrami informed us: Abu

Bakr MuJ:tammad ibn 'Abdullah ibn al-Muthanna informed

us: MuJ:tammad ibn Bishr informed us: MuJ:tammad ibn

'Amr informed us: MuJ:tammad ibn Sirin narrated to us

from Abu Bakr, the freed slave of MuJ:tammad ibn JaJ:tsh,

and it is said that his name was also MuJ:tammad, from

MuJ:tammad ibnJaJ:tsh:

From MuJ:tammad, the Messenger of Allah ~, that he

passed by a man in the market whose thighs were uncov­

ered and told him, "Cover your thighs, for the thighs are

private parts." (Musnad Abmad).

MuJ:tammad ibn MuJ:tammad ibn MuJ:tammad ibn

AJ:tmad ibn Marzuq at-Tilimsani told me it-he came to us

as a J:taiii -from his grandfather, MuJ:tammad ibn Alpnad

at-TilimsanL .. This badfth contains a wondrous chain of

MuJ:tammads. This MuJ:tammad ibn Yusuf in the isniid is

al-f.Iafi~ Zaki ad-Din al-Barzall, and I saw this badfth in his

handwriting. MuJ:tammad ibn AJ:tmad ibn 'All al-Hurawi

informed me with a shorter isniid from MuJ:tammad ibn

Razin ibn Mashraq, and its isniid does not contain anyone

whose state requires investigation other than MuJ:tammad

ibn 'Amr. The name of his grandfather was Sahl. YaJ:tya

97

Al-Arba'in

al-Qtnan considered him to weak while Ibn J:Iibban con­

sidered him to be trustworthy. The report is followed up.

Al:lmad9 and Ibn Khuzaymah narrated it by way of al-'Ala'

ibn 'Abd ar-Raf.iman from Abu KathIr in a more complete

form than it. AI-BukharI said in as-Sa#~: "It is narrated

from Muf.iammad ibn Jaf.ish ... " and he mentioned it. It

is well known that it is Ibn KathIr with a ta'. It is also nar­

rated with a ba' (Ibn Kablr).

Comments: Muf.iammad ibn 'Abdillah ibn Jaf.ish was the

brother of the Mother of the believer Zaynab bint Jaf.ish.

He was born five years before the hijra (according to

WaqidI). He migrated both to Abyssinia and Madina with

his father. (Usd al-Ghaba, 5:95).

This f.iaduh is known as al-musalsal bi al-Mu~ammadiyya

meaning that all the narrators in the isnad have the name

Muf.iammad.

'The noted scholar Abu Tahir Muf.iammad ibn Ya'qub

ash-ShIrazI al-LughawI, the Chief Qa«;lI in ZabId', this is

the famous Majd ad-DIn al-FayruzabadI (d. 817/1414) the

author of al-Qgmus al-Mu~it.

98

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqaliini

/fadfth36

THE LETTER NUN: AN-NU'MAN IBN BASHIR

~ ~j ~~II1; ~~I S!I ~l;.l!li Ilj ~1l0\ ~!» ~ ~1j.J

"

, ,-,0 ,... t, .' .' all' .' W>. 0t..;.;.;J1 . '1.:...5" '" Ii ~ ~J , .:.r.. ,JJ C..r-'

Abu al-'Abbas Al;mad ibn Abi al-Faraj ibn Abi 'Abdullah

a~-~al;rawl informed me by my reading out to him at the

a~-~alil;iyyah ...

Mul;ammad ibn 'All ibn al-I:Iusayn that he said: "I went

out walking with my grandfather I:Iusayn ~ to his land.

99

Al-Arba'in

Ibn an-Nu'man ibn Bashlr caught up with us riding a mule

of his. He got off it and said to al-I:Iusayn ~, 'Ride, Abu

'Abdullah!' He refused. He continued to press him until he

said, 'You have imposed on me what I dislike, but I will

narrate to you: my mother Fatimah ~, the daughter of the

Messenger of Allah 1)1, narrated to me that the Messenger

of Allah 1)1 said, "A man is more entitled to the back of

his animal and his bed and leading the prayer in his house

except for an imam who gathers people." Therefore mount

your animal and I will ride behind you.' Ibn an-Nu'man

said, 'Fatimah ~ spoke the truth. My father narrated to

me the like of the badfth of Fatimah ~ from the Prophet

1)1 when he was in a quarter of Madlnah and he added,

"Unless he permits him.''' When Ibn an-Nu'man narrated

this badfth, I:Iusayn ~ mounted the saddle and Ibn an-

Nu'man rode behind him." (at-Tabiiriini, al-MuJam al-Kabir).

Comments: An-Nu'man ibn Bashlr al-An~arI al-KhazrajI

~ was the first Companion to be born in Madina after

the Prophet 1)1 migrated there. His mother was 'Amra bin

Rawal;ta the sister of the famous Companion 'Abdullah ibn

Rawal;ta ~ (Usd al-Ghiiba, 5:310). He was an eloquent ora­

tor in addition to being noble, kind and brave. He was ap­

pointed as a governor of Kufa by Mu'awiya ~ and later of

Horns. He was also the judge of Damascus. After Mu'awiya

100

Ibn al-Ifajar al-'Asqaliin'i

~ passed away he started calling people to pledge their

loyalty to 'Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr and later to himself.

The people ofHoms did not like this and pursed him to kill

him (ibid.). He was killed by Marwan ibn al-I:Iakam in 65

hijri. (al-haba, 6:346).

'Unless he permits him', meaning Unless the rider per­

mits the man to ride his horse, sleep in his bed, or lead the

prayer in his house. This l)adIth shows the meticulousness

of the scholars in l)adIth and their search for the truth. May

Allah $ be pleased with them all.

/fadfth37

THE LETTER HA': HIND IBN ABI HALAH

~i ' i ~'~.L_.iJ\ i'·---:i llLi ' i .' ~ '.' .1~i\..J" : '-!';. do ; • Yo '-I-~ '-!';. 0 ' , :r ,,+, ,? ~

... W~\., ~ '·w· t _:c-i\ ~0Js . ' ,." ~ ,. '-I- fi;. ~ '-' ·0 :' llLi ' i ~'S 'It:: ~jl..:;. :J'ij '{.:j\ I' ."::' -I~ .' . '~i\ :r '-!';.do ,.,,:- i ~."s::-0y-'"

l!t 0' '" ,..- .... (' t..~~) 't..~~' \::~ , ." :J~ :::1.:.' ~ ~\ i '- • ~Ii :' ~ ~J ~ ~ r--J ,. ...s-- ...r.- ...r--" ...... ...... :;

101

Al-Arba''in

Abu at-Tayyib Al}mad ibn AbI Al}mad ibn Balghaq aI-KanjI

informed me by my reading out to him at a~-~alil}iyyah ...

al-I:Iasan ibn 'All that he said: "I asked my uncle Hind

ibn AbI Halah ~ about how the Prophet ~ walked. He

said, 'He ~ walked with even steps and gently. When he

walked, it was as if he walked with determination or as if

he were walking down a slope. He lowered his gaze, and

he looked at the earth more than he looked at the sky. Most

of his looking [at someone] was brief. He would lead his

Companions by walking behind them and was the first to

give the greeting to those he met, may Allah bless him and

grant him peace." (Shamii'il at-1irmidh~.

Comments: Hind ibn AbI Hala ~ was the Prophet's ~

step-son from his wife the Lady KhadIja~. He was killed

alongside 'Ali ~ in the battle of Camel. He was eloquent

and very beautifully described the Prophet ~. (al-Ifiiba,

6:437)·

102

Ibn al-l/ajar al- 'Asqalilnz

/fadfth38

THE LETTER wAw: WAHB IBN 'ABDULLAH

Abu 'Abdullah Mu}:lammad ibn 'All ibn Mu}:lammad

al-MuqrI al-GhazulI informed me ...

AbuJu}:layfah Wahb ibn 'Abdullah as-Suwa'I who said:

"The Messenger of Allah f} said, 'Which action is most

beloved to Allah?' They were silent and no one answered.

He then said, 'Guarding the tongue.'" (Al-Bayhaqi, Shu'ab

al-imiin).

Comments: Wahb ibn 'Abdillah as-Suwa'I AbuJu}:layfa ~

came to visit the Prophet. at the end of the Prophet's.

life. He later remained in the company of 'All ~ and was

made the head police of Kufa during his caliphate. He died

in Iraq in 41 hijri. (al-I~iiba, 6:490).

Al-Arba'zn

lfadith 39

THE LETTER vA': YA'LA. IBN MURRAH

Al-Musnid TaqI ad-DIn Abu MuJ:!ammad 'Abdullah ibn

MuJ:!ammad ibn AJ:!mad ibn 'Ubaydullah al-MaqdisI in­

formed me by my reading out to him at Mount Qasiyyun ...

'Umar ibn 'Abdullah ibn Ya'la ibn Murrah from his fa­

ther from his grandfather who said: the Messenger of Allah

~ said: "Anyone who deliberately lies about me in order to

misguide people should take his seat in the Fire." (Musnad

ad-Diirmt).

Comments: Ya'la ibn Murrah ath-Thaqafi Abu al-Marazim

•. He is sometimes known as Ya'la ibn Sabayah after his

mother. He was present during the Prophet in Khaybar,

Hudaybiyya, the pledge of Ridwan, conquest of Makkah,

Battle of Hunayn (Hawazin and Taif). The Prophet or-

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqaliini

dered him to get some grapes from him from Thaqlf. He

was a companion of 'All ~ and had a house in Kufa. (Usd

al-Chaha, 5:488).

This i).aduh is one of the few i).aduhs that all the schol­

ars agree that it is mutawatir Iqfi;r, i.e. it's actual wording has

been widely transmitted from the time of the Companions

4. Imam an-NawawI mentions and approximate of two

hundred Companions 4 narrating it Although this par­

ticular isnad of the i).aduh is very weak.

lJadfth 40

'ABDULLAH IBN 'UMAR IBN AL-KHKfrAB

~ ~'~!;..~ (-~ " ~I ,·---:f ......,tk..J1 .' ,,' .' illl ~ :' ,. do r Yo, '-I--~; '! ~ '!, ,. :.r

.. . t .:8::..:..~L ~ "W' ! ·LlJI ,".'.' .::il ~ .' • ·1"11 --! ~ ; '" '-I-- ~ ~ <.f'" ~ '!.t-.r ,. '! ~-! f

illl ~ J(j :J(j..:,\ '.' n' .' illl ~ .' ~~ .' I!;.;. .' ~ ,. '"; :.r ~ '! ' ,. '! ,.J '! ' '! ~ '')\.;.~I '.'» ::L' ~illl t '-illlJ"" J(j :~illl' . ",' ~' i ~...p'. r-J '" ~,r"J ...r?J~do

,~~I f(jP ,~I jr-J (I!;..~ ~fj illl-1~;j~ '101h~:~ JS. «-;.;il fi-j ,S~J r y;;,j ,~l5) ~0p

Al-Musnid Abu Bakr Mui).ammad ibn 'Abd ar-Raziq ibn

Al-Arba'zn

'Abd al-'Azlz ibn Ml1sa ash-Shafi'I informed me by my read­

ing out to him in Alexandria ...

'A~im ibn Mul)ammad ibn Zayd ibn 'Abdullah ibn

'Umar from his father who said: 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar ~

said: The Messenger of Allah ~ said: "Islam is built on

five: the testimony that there is no god but Allah and that

Mul)ammad is the Messenger of Allah, establishing the

prayer, paying zakiih, fasting Ramadan, and making ~ajj to

the House." (Muslim).

Comments: 'Abdullah ibn 'Uma~ ibn al-Khanab ~ was

born three years after the Prophet's Prophethood. He was

10 years old at the time of emigration. He became a Muslim

with his father and was declined to participate in both the

battles of Badr and Uhud. He was accepted for the battle

of the ditch (khandaq). 'Abdullah ~ was a scholar. He is

among those who narrated the most from the Prophet ~.

He was very soft natured and never said harsh words to any

of his slaves. He was an ardent follower of the Sunna to the

extent that he would put his foot exactly on the same spot

that the Prophet ~ put his foot. He died in 72 or 73 hijri

and was 87 years old. (al-I~iiba, 4:161).

106

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqalanf

lfadlth 41

FROM 'ABDULLAH IBN 'ABBAs, THE

FOURTH OF THE 'ABDULLAHS

Abu Bakr ibn 'Vmar ibn MuJ:!ammad ibn IbrahIm ibn Sa'd

Allah al-I:IimawI then al-Mi~rI informed me, by my reading

out to him in Egypt ...

from 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas who said: the Messenger of

Allah ~ said: "Tawiif of the House is prayer although Allah

has made speech lawful in it. So if anyone speaks he should

only speak good."l0 ($a&r& Ibn lfibbiin).

lfadlth 42

Al-Arba'in

'-:"'~4 U'j2~ :..:Jw .Hr,ilj ~Ij J~I ~~I ~ :~}~

~~ ifI' ·i '-~ :L' ~ WI '\ '- ill I J"" ~1':ill, .~ ii' ~ J ~ r-J ,. <J-,)-"J.J ~J

t o-;. __ , 0 " ......... , ,

• "11'1':' n ~ 1':[; ;';'I,;JI 'I.) 'c: u:.aJ1 ~." 2; . "II I; t-r ~ -:? -r:-~ i.J" . ~ ~'"' Cr.!J •. t-r <.r

~1/ '.101 tol}

Abu 'Abdullah Mul).ammad ibn 'All ibn Oirgham al-BakrI

informed me by my reading out to him in Makkah ...

al-Aswad and Masruq who said: 'A'ishah heard that

some people were saying, "Donkeys, dogs and women break

the prayer." She said, "You have equated us with dogs and

donkeys! I saw the Messenger of Allah. pray while I was

in front of him on the bed between him and qiblah. I would

have a need to attend to and slip out before the feet of the

bed, disliking to go in front of him." (Agreed upon).

ljadfth 43

108

Ibn al-l/ajar al- 'Asqalant

Abu 'Abdullah Mu\:lammad ibn Mu\:lammad ibn 'Abd

aI-Barr ibn Ya\:lya ibn 'All ibn Tammam as-SubkI ash-Sha­

fi'I, may Allah be merciful to him, informed me by my

reading out to him in his house outside of Cairo ...

Zaynab bint Umm Salamah, the wife of the Prophet~,

and her name was Hind bint AbI Umayyah: "The Prophet

~ saw in her house a girl who had a dark mark (suj'ah) on

her face. He said, 'She is suffering from the evil eye (na;;.rah).

Treat her with a ruqyah.'" (al-Bukhiiri, Muslim).

Comments: Ruqyah is literally a 'charm', but those that are

&aliil are composed of iiyiit of Qur'an or adhkiir or names of

Allah, exalted is He.

Jfadfth 44

~ "W: !,' ~'I u:.W.J1 ..L.&. • ' J ;;..~ ~ , j;;.:. l1 '1 ' . -- : 1 '" '-I- ~..p~ '"' ,. if. , do .t Yo '-I-~

... ~~~ : J' ~ : t:.' ~ illl L·: II . ' ':'1 ~' , " , 1 . '~:; , .. 1 ~ , r----J '" ...s-- '-!::' :r '"; if...r" .,.. '-:!':- if. f. '-:!':- if

."1' '·:11 I· ~ '~'\I..L!;.; d '. l~ ·\1 illl t..;.1 ;.;;Liil '" 0l5111» '-I- r--' ~ i..?,~. ,~ if' J' 4..S"""', ~ pi. ~

. «~ , l' (' lsi: i.::..' :' illl J' ~,~ ~ ,~Jf r!

Abu Tahir Mu\:lammad ibn Mu\:lammad ibn 'Abd aI-LatIf

109

Al-Arba'fn

at-TakrItI informed me by my reading out to him at the

mosque in Egypt: IbrahIm ibn 'All ibn Sinan informed us:

'Abdullah ibn 'Abd al-Wa1!id ibn 'Allan informed us: Abu

al-Qasim Hibatullah ibn Mas'ud al-Bu~IrI informed us:

Abu ~adiq Murshid ibn Ya1!ya al-MadlnI informed us: Abu

al-I:Iasan 'All ibn 'Umar ibn I:Iam~ah informed us: al-I:Iafi?

Abu al-Qasim I:Iamzah ibn Mu1!ammad ibn 'All al-KattanI

informed us: Sa'Id ibn 'Uthman al-I:IarranI narrated to us:

Mukhallad ibn Malik informed us: I:Iaf~ ibn Maysarah in­

formed us from ~udayq ibn Musa, Isma'II ibn Rafi' and

others from Abu Burdah ibn AbI Musa from his father

from the Prophet ~ who said: "On the Day of Rising

Allah will give a man of the Community of Mu1!ammad a

Jew or Christian, then Allah ~ will say, 'Ransom yourself

by this one.'" (Muslim).

110

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::; ~f::;~?.; z,j); ~ <'l~iI ~ ~~ ,~l1 ~ ~I ~~ " .

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~:;~ ,~;il 11; ~~; ~J;~ jj. ~ ~-*~: ~~ 11;

, t::;;.~~I'::~~ L~'1:Jw •. /"~n1;,Z,"LA~ '~I~ -? "' " ~ ''"' . ~ '; ~ J J) d." .

III

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112

Ibn al-lfajar al- 'Asqaliinf

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117

Al-Arba'zn

6.;; ".>WI '-:'11 Ja;L;. ~ •• J.;.j, 0t1.L: i.:..'ll .:,.·i.1 ~""\j, ~ , .;;---" 0':t , r 0 '-r--:-:- ~J ,

dill" .... ·I:·aJl~- ··')\~·;h " ··L ';:;h '\; .. 'J.;;..\ • ~ "r"". <J.- ~ d- . J ...s;- d-..,.... .. ,.,;' .... '" ......

.~~~~'1IJ I read to Maryam bint Al:Imad ibn Mul:Iammad ibn IbrahIm

al-Asadiyyah that 'All ibn 'Umar al-WanI informed them:

Abu al-Qiisim 'Abd ar-Ral:Iman ibn MakkI informed us:

my grandfather on my mother's side, al-I:Iafi~ Abu Tahir

Al:Imad ibn Mul:Iammad ibn Al:Imad ibn IbrahIm as-SilafI

informed us and said in the preface to his kitiib al-arba'fn:

"When some scholars saw and narrated a statement of the

purest source and clearest source by routes on which they

agree and rely, and whose soundness they know and on

which they rely: 'If anyone preserves forty &adfths for my

community, Allah will raise him up as afoqfh on the Day of

Rising,'" each of them transmitted for himself until Isma'II

ibn 'Abd al-Ghafir al-FarisI said, "I have collected about

seventy of the Forty [l:IadIth collections]."

As-SilafI said, "I asked our shaykh, Imam Abu al-I:Iasan

llS

Ibn al-Ifajar al-'Asqalanz

'All ibn Mul:J.ammad al-Kaya at-TabarI, for afatwa about

a man who leaves a third of his estate in his will to the

scholars andfuqaha' and whether that includes those who

write down ~adith. He wrote in his own handwriting under

the question: 'Yes. How could that not be the case? The

Prophet ~ said: 'If anyone preserves forty ~adiths for my

community, Allah will raise him up afaqih.'"

As-SilafI said: Abu Na~r al-Fagl ibn 'All ibn Al:J.mad

informed us of the aforementioned ~adith: Abu Sa'Id

Mul:J.ammad ibn 'All ibn MahdI informed us: Abu Bakr

Mul:J.ammad ibn 'Abdullah ibn IbrahIm ash-Shafi'I in­

formed us: Abu Bakr 'Abdullah Mul:J.ammad ibn AbI

ad-Dunya informed us: al-Fagl ibn Ghanim informed us:

'Abd aI-Malik ibn Harun ibn 'Antarah narrated to us from

his father from his grandfather from Abu ad-Darda' who

said: the Messenger of Allah ~ said: "If anyone preserves

forty ~adiths for my community, Allah will raise him up as

afaqih on the Day of Rising and I will be a witness for him."

This is a famous ~adith which has many paths of trans­

mission. It is gharib by this path and only this 'Abd aI-Malik

ibn Harun has it, and he is suspect about it. He said, "It

is not lawful to write down his ~adith other than for cor­

roboration purposes."l1 Others said that it was weak. The

rest of its narrators are trustworthy. None of the imams

transmitted this text in the famous sources neither those

119

Al-Arba'zn

arranged topically (abwab) nor those arranged by isniids ex­

cept that Abu Ya'la narrated it in his Musnad from 'Arm ibn

al-I:Iusayn al-'Aqili from Mul:tammad ibn 'Abdullah ibn

'Alathah from Kha~If from Mujahid from Abu Hurayrah.

Kha~If and Ibn 'Alathah are truthful, but there is some

criticism of them. The defect in the linkage is 'Amr ibn

al-I:Iu~ayn. Al:tmad, Ibn Ma'in and others said that he was

a liar. AI-I:Iasan ibn Sufyan narrated it in his al-Arba'zn

from 'All ibn I:Iajar from Isl:taq ibn Bakhu from IbnJuraY.i

from 'Ata' from Ibn 'Abbas ~. Its men are trustworthy ex­

cept for Isl:taq. Ibn Ma'In, Ibn Abi Shaybah, al-Fallas and

others suspected him of forgery. The badfth is, however, fol­

lowed up by a group of men from IbnJurayj. They include:

I:Iumayd ibn Mudrik, Khalid ibn Yazld al-'UmarI, Abu

al-Bukhtarl and Wahb ibn Wahb the QagL

It is also narrated from Baqlyyah ibn al-Walid and

Ma'mar. As for the transmission of I:Iumayd ibn Mudrik,

al-I:Iafi? Abu Bakr al-Jawzaqi transmitted it in his Arba'un.

I:Iumayd is unknown.

As for the transmission of Khalid ibn Yazld, Ibn 'Adl

narrated it in al-Kamil in his biography and stated that he

was weak. A group find him suspect. as for the transmis­

sion of Abu al-Bakhtarl Ibn 'Adl also narrated it in his biog­

raphy, changing Ibn 'Abbas for Abu Hurayrah. They agree

that Abu al-Bakhtarl is a liar.

120

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqalanz

The transmission of BaqIyyah ibn al-Walld was nar­

rated by al-Mu~affar ibn Ilyas as-Sa'IdI in his Arba'un by his

route. BaqIyyah is truthful, but well known for concealing

transmission from the weak. So if it is recorded from him,

it is as if there is a weak man transmitting from IbnJurayj

and so he dropped the weak person and employed tadlis.

As for the transmission of Ma'mar, we narrated it in

al-Arba'un by Imam Abu al-Ma'all Isma'II ibn al-I:Iasan

al-I:IusaynI who said: Abu al-I:Iasan Mul:lammad ibn

AJ:tmad al-MuqrI known as Ibn Basht informed us from

'Abd al-Mu'min ibn Khalaf, al-I:Iafi~ an-NasafI from Isl;1aq

ibn IbrahIm from 'Abd ar-Razzaq from Ma'mar from Ibn

Jurayj. They discussed the soundness of Ibn Basht hav­

ing listened to 'Abd al-Mu'min ibn Khalaf. Al-I:Iafi~ Abu

~alil:t al-Mu'adhdhin mentioned that. .. (the name of his

shaykh who narrated it from 'Abd al-Mu'min ibn Khalaf

got omitted from the work of the scribe who writes on biog­

raphies) ... I say that what I know about this is that he in­

serted its isniid to him into another isnad. Otherwise 'Amr is

not known for transmitting from IbnJurayj. 'Abd ar-Razzaq

is known for transmitting from both of them. The 4adlth has

other paths than this one, including what al:JawzaqI trans­

mitted by way of Zayd ibn al-I:IarIsh from 'Abdullah ibn

Khirash from his paternal uncle al-'Awwam ibn I:Iawshab

from IbrahIm at-TaymI from Anas ibn Malik. 'Abdullah ibn

121

Al-Arba'fn

Khirash, Ibn I:Iibban mentioned both of them as trustwor­

thy, but said about each of them, "He sometimes errs." I said

that Ibn I:Iibban erred in considering 'Abdullah ibn Khirash

to be trustworthy, for the imams agree that he is weak and

some of them consider him suspect, including what Abu

Zirr al-HurawI narrated in his Kitiib al-:jiimi' from Shafi'I

ibn Mu}:!ammad ibn AbI 'Awanah from Ya'qub ibn Is}:!aq

al-'AsqalanI from I:Iumayd ibn Zanjawayh from Ya}:!ya ibn

'Abdullah ibn Bukayr from Malik from Nafi' from Ibn 'Umar.

Ibn 'Abd aI-Barr said, "Whoever narrated this from

Malik erred in it and added to what is not part of his

transmission." I say that there is no one in its transmis­

sion whose state is under scrutiny except for Ya'qub ibn

Is}:!aq for Muslim ibn Qasim mentioned that he met him.

People disagree about him. Some say that he is trustwor­

thy and some say that he is weak. What is clear is that he

added one ~adfth to another. Part of it is what al-I:Iafi? Abu

Bakr al-AjurrI said in Kitiib al-arba'zn from Mu}:!ammad ibn

Mukhallad fromJa'far ibn Mu}:!ammad al-KhandaqI from

Mu}:!ammad ibn IbrahIm as-Sayi}:! from 'Abd al-I:IamId ibn

'Abd al-'AzIz ibn AbI Rawwad from his father from 'Ata'

from Ibn 'Abbas? from Mu'adh ibn Jabal. There is no one

in its transmission whose state is to be investigated except

for as-Sayil;1 for he is unknown. I think that this path is the

best of the paths of the text although it is weak.

122

Ibn al-lfajar al-'Asqaliinz

It is also narrated by a weak path from 'All ibn AbI

Talib, Salman, 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'A~, Abu Sa'Id

al-KhudrI, Abu Umamah al-BahilI, jabir ibn Samurah,

jabir ibn 'Abdullah and Nuwayrah. None of them are sound.

Abu 'All Sa'Id ibn as-Sakan al-I:Iafi? said, "This

~adfth is not narrated from the Prophet • by a reliable

path." Ad-DaraqutnI said, "None of its paths are reliable."

Al-BayhaqI said, "All of its isniids are weak." Ibn 'Asakir said,

"Something [critical] may be said about all of its isnads.

There is no scope for considering it to be sound." 'Abd

aI-Qadir ar-RahawI said, "All of its paths are weak since

there is no path among them which does not have someone

unknown who is not recognised or someone who is known,

but considered weak." The two ~iifi?:s, RashId ad-DIn

al-'Attar and ZakI ad-DIn al-MundhirI, said something sim­

ilar. The agreement of those Imams on its weakness is more

appropriate than the indication of as-Silan that it is sound.

Al-MundhirI said, "Perhaps as-Silan held the view

that when weak ~adfths are added together they acquire

strength." I say that that strength does not remove this

~adfth from the rank of weakness, for weakness has different

degrees. When a ~adfth has many paths, it has preponder­

ance over a single ~adith, and so the weakness that comes

from the poor memory of its relaters is elevated to the rank

of ~asan when it has many paths. When its weakness comes

123

Al-Arba'zn

from suspicion [about one or more of its narrators] or ig­

norance [of who they are] but it has many paths, it rises

from the rank of being rejected and unknown which one

is not permitted to act by under any circumstances to the

rank of the weak by which one is permitted to act in virtu­

ous actions.

That is how we interpret what Abu al-I:Iasan Mu1;tam­

mad ibn 'All ibn Mu1;tammad ibn 'All ibn Mu1;tammad

ibn 'AqII informed us: Abu al-Faraj 'Abd ar-Ra1;tman ibn

Mu1;tammad ibn 'Abd al-I:Iamid ibn 'Abd al-HadI informed

us: the Shaykh aI-Islam Abu Zakariyya Ya1;tya ibn Sharaf

an-NawawI informed us in the preface to his Arba'un. He

said: "Scholars agree that it is permitted to act on a weak

~adzth concerning virtuous actions." After he mentioned

this ~adith he said, "The ~uifii? agree that the ~adith is weak,

even if it has many lines of transmission."

The following are some poems with which we end the

Arba'un which have different isnads.

Abu I:Iayyan Mu1;tammad ibn I:Iayyan ibn al-'Allamah

Athlr ad-DIn Abu I:Iayyan Mu1;tammad ibn Yusuf 'All

al-Gharnap recited to us: my grandfather recited to us about

himself:

I gave my soul rest from intimacy with people

because of how I suffered despair of astute people.

124

Ibn al-Jfajar al- 'Asqaliini

I have become alone in the house. I do not see anyone.

Ideas that my reflection has spawned, and my books are

my companions.

Abu al-Yusr Al).mad ibn 'Abdullah ibn Mul).ammad ibn

Mul).ammad ibn a~-~a'igh ad-DimashqI recited to us:

the noted scholar Zayn ad-DIn 'Umar ibn Abu Bakr ibn

al-WardI recited to us about himself:

I have left their duties and contracts,

their roads l' and rendering judgement between people,

and I have kept to my house in contentment, reading

books of knowledge. That is the adornment of the din

(Zayn ad-DIn).

In fiqh I love a fine point in similar yet different cases

in which it explains that of two texts which is established.

And I discuss ideas in the science of good style

common to rhetoric and me.13

I have abandoned composing poetry except on rare occasions,

like a line or two about a sunnah.

Poetry is not likefiqh which contains nobility.

Fiqh contains the happiness of both abodes.14

I read to Sarah bint Shaykh ai-Islam TaqI ad-DIn Abu

al-I:Iasan 'All ibn 'Abd al-Kan as-SubkI that her father in-

125

Al-Arba'in

formed them: 'Isa ibn 'Abd ar-Ral:lman informed us: Ja'far

ibn 'All informed us: Abu Mul:lammad al-'UthmanI in­

formed us: Abu Bakr at-TartushI informed us: Mul:lammad

ibn 'All ad-DamighanI informed us and said: Mul:lammad

ibn 'All a~-~urI recited to me about himself:

o You by Whose generosity I seek the means to Him,

and on Whom I rely in all matters!

I call on you, my Lord, with humble entreaty and with great

humility.

If You turn away my hand, then whom will I ask?

My hope has led me to You

and generosity, need and humility have guided me to You.

I know that You do not disappoint one's hopes

when one hopes for your generosity, 0 Generous One!

Forgive my sins by the light of Your Face!

I rely on Your for their forgiveness."

The one who is dictating (Ibn 1:Iajar) himself wrote:

The best of words after the Book of Allah

are the reports of the Seal of the Prophets.

The connectedness of the isniids from us back to him

have raised us over the ancients.

Ibn al-lJajar al- 'Asqalanz

The people of ~adfth have excellence by which they are distin­

guished

and they attained a reason to boast over other scholars.

They will be the closest of creatures to the best of creation

on the Day when judgement will be given.

They are the people [who ask for 1 the most blessings on him

in their taking and conveying.

They have types of science in taking and conveying

which are divided into categories by concern.

The best form of listening is to listen to what

a shaykh articulates in gatherings of dictation.

Because of how the isnads are repeated in them

along with presenting what they contain of connected

meetings15

reported from companions in alphabetical order

in which the actions are completed by the names,

And reported from the noble ten and the family of the Chosen

one,

and the pure 'Abdullahs.

And in them is that which the scope of composition is too

constricted to express

of that which rises above Gemini.

My Lord has graciously bestowed blessings on me,

and the number of the blessings of Allah are without number.

127

AI-Arba'zn

Praise and laud are His

even if I affirm my inability while praising.

And blessings and peace be upon the best of His creation

from Him without end.

The Forty by the Shaykh aI-Islam, the Sultan of ~adfth schol­

ars, the lfaji;::, of his time, the eminent scholar Al).mad ibn

'All known as Ibn I:Iajar al-'Asqalani is finished. May Allah

give us the benefit of his knowledge in this world and the

Next! Ameen.

APENDIX

[snads of the lfadiths in Full

/fadfth 2

" " .... 0 ~ " J ........ "" ,t "'~II~" ;';11'1 '-::'II.1Ut;.~.b.~illl' .' C' 14;1' ~ q::-'" do ~ y.,;;-- , ~ J r '-!!. , • .J~ ~

~I;!q;&~!q; ~!;.~~ -Sij :J\i ~IJ.;~ ~ illl~j , t-t:::.lll ..I.>1.:;.iI..I:&. . ' J !;.~ . ' illl t.A ~ , ~ \'~ Ii ~" : L' L.;:z.;~1 <-I- .• " ,,0 ' 0'''' do r-;-- .r.> '-?~

illl ~ 8~ ,..!1lL:; ~' ~~ '1~,,:f ,~I'il ~ ,::.. ~'~ '.::..il ~,,:f ,. " dory..r.> ,Y '-:f:"'do~ .r.>

~I ~ ~ - tS~1 8~ ,~f Jj;. ,~;, ~!;.~;. ~f S; .. ... ....... .. t#"'" ....

. J'!'..!.> L;j1~'~I~~, "!~';'" 8l;.,-.::i.:/~' . ~,~ do" . ,~.r"do.r.>" • .t-do

:J\i ,~;.; y,1 ~;;'f

S;I ~:J,; 1lS:; ~:~' ~:) ~f fL:;~' ~I';j;:"'::';' ~~ 11;

129

Al-Arba'fn

~1:;'1» :Jli' " ';~II~,.t;.', .~" '1:'11 <:-: '1~I'" ,.:,G­r- J t..?r-' ,0, ~// ~)r. -rY. J)J _ " ... ~ __ O CO '" 0 , OJ. ... 0

)II ~ ~I ~ ~' ": I 1::..;J.i «~'" )II ~I ~ ',' ~I" ~ , , ,,:f ~..r.. r if. ~ ~" ,,:f J)

.. 't ~'''' 0 0 , __ ~o ,...."" .... ,

,~;';..:r.' ~ ~L;..:;, 4 1) .:;js..4.l1 <I!~l\ ~ :S)t>.;\I:}) it) ,.;.;. .. ,.... .. ,....

I::' f~ "",~"", f~' _ILP'1~I"l1 ~~ e;J' '~'-:f;, ~Y'J ..r..T''-:f;:fc; Y. J)t..?.te::. J

This is a &asan &adfth which Imam AJ:tmad narrated thus

in his Musnad,t6 Ibn I:Iibban'7 declared it {a&r&, Abu Bakr

al-Bazzar narrated it in his Musnad'8 from the &adfth of

al-MaqburI, He said, "We only know of I:Iaywah relating

it from 'Abd aI-Malik." I say that only I:Iaywah did relate it

from 'Abd aI-Malik. Al-BukharI mentioned this 'Abd aI-Ma­

lik and confirmed that he listened to Abu Hurayrah. It has

strong corroboration which Abu ~alilf narrated from Abu

Hurayrah which is to be found in the Musnad of Abu Ya'la.

lJadfth 3

~'~f QI '1 ,·--:f ~;"u, ' .' '-'~, .' //' ";1' '. do V"'. Y. <J!.~ ~) . do ~ ,oJ) ~ ,.... .. .. '" -- ,....

Remaining Isniids

~ .. 't "...... ""_" <> (I" (I, -' .. ',8'-'1 :1'1\;0" 'I" -LW1....u1.iS.~1 ~. ~~I' Yo ~ y J? J ~ , , ' "d. "J

, ,, .. ~" .. <> ,... :;:; "t ... .. ~ " "1;:.8'- 'I,' -LWI ~ " 'Ill I .is. " ~I GJI , d....,:;- ~~, ,.;r.r- '" d. '!", .is. ~. 'l!.;..~ ~ '18'-:\ t ~I U. ~. , I~ 8'-:\ ~., ~. '" d. _ Yo ~</- -t d.~J ~~d.

.. t.. t /., (I .. 't , 0 .. (I

8'- 'I ,~[;JI ~ ~. ~I ·,.w[;J1 8'- 'I • ~"::. <11 ' ' . <Ii ~ I-' _ d. Yo, ~ t..?,J.r-'" ~ J'

t ~;Ii " 'II .". ~'II '., 6< , <, , , . ~ "!. II ~,." '~I ,~ ~ ¥.:r. ';' y ~ '...l:>-,~.:r.:.r.---- "->;Jr Yo

~,j'!'" I"I~'J;;'~~< La;"\1I..L......:;.~· "'~ , ' ~ ~ .r.~ d. ,t..?~.-- d. ~ ,

,j'~' ~,~, ~ji~ , ~<:r' Jd.

I''''~I • \ ~,,~!..., ~~ .~;\.. ~ ~<i ~ ~I"~' h.:J' (./::'; ~ '-I:. :r-~ J ~ ...r ' ~ .r- JJ c..r-; J

. ,t '[ ;.\. , . , . ,.", .' l.. -'I ',' ~--::;::. ':"'1' < II ~r!J"'" tf..J ~ ':I ~ :r- <.f-..r ~~ ~ ~ ... t..?~.ft"

;; ~\0\ ~~I ~I)I ~ q; ~\ q; ~I;! J; t! j ~ ~~ ~~ 8';;\ :Jij ~~I~iI ~ 0-; ~I ~ 8';;\ ,~;;\ ~u.~)

." , , /..". ..' 8'-'i0I~l.!. ~I;:. ',8'-'i, ·1<'Ii~~·~·'!...li8'-'i,~~· ~ ...,:;-Yo ~ '-'JY. d.~ ~. d.

0-; r. 6~ ,~~ q; ~ 0-; ~16~ ';')1 q; ~;;.~ 0-; ~ ,~:;.s '~]..L......:;. ~~. ~ 6~ ,0:;'

..T -..r' ....... (,...10""",,",, .. ",T

Al-Arba'fn

.;. -:!~~ ~ ~I;!';' -:!~~.;. ~YJJ?';' -:!~~ ~~ ~j

~l.ll' 11.. j~ ~ 'iSJl' Jli -)Jloh..:;d .. : <I' ", 1"1 J > - __ i J ~, '" '"' ..,F ~J ~.r.~

.~Jt;JJ~~ Yai).ya ibn Sa'Id al-An~arL It is said that more than 200

people narrated from him. It is cited that Abu Isma'II

al-HurawI wrote it from 700 paths from Yai).ya ibn Sa'Id.

One of the shortest of its paths that he has is what I read

to IbrahIm ibn Ai).mad ibn 'Abd al-Wai).id at-TanukhI

that Ai).mad ibn AbI Talib informed them: 'Abdullah

ibn 'Umar aI-BaghdadI informed us, he said: Mas'ud ibn

Mui).ammad informed us: al-I:Iusayn ibn Mui).ammad

al-Warraq informed us: Abu 'All Shadhan informed us: 'All

ibn Mui).ammad ibn az-Zubayr informed us: al-I:Iasan ibn

'All ibn 'Affan narrated to us: Ja'far ibn 'Awn narrated to us:

Yai).ya ibn Sa'Id narrated to us, and he mentioned some­

thing similar.

It is well known among &adfth scholars that that Yai).ya

ibn Sa'Id alone has it from his shaykh Mui).ammad ibn

IbrahIm, and that Mui).ammad alone has it from the Prophet

11-. In addition to that, we also have it from &adfth of Abu

Sa'Id al-KhudrI, Abu Hurayrah, 'All ibn AbI Talib, and

Remaining Isniids

Anas with the same wording, and with the same meaning

from a group of the Companions, and by the route of Abu

JuJ:tayfah and others from 'Umar and by the route of Musa

ibn 'Uqbah from Nafi', the freed slave ofIbn 'Umar, from

'Alqamah, and from the badzth ofMuJ:tammad ibn 'Amr and

Musa ibn MuJ:tammad ibn IbrahIm from MuJ:tammad ibn

ibrahIm, but concerning the isni'ids of these paths he said,

"And discussing them would be extremely lengthy." Allah

6 knows best.

Jfadzth 4

133

This is a ~a~f~ ~adfth which Muslim'9 narrated from 'Abd

ibn I:Iumayd with this isniid and we have something which

corresponds to it. Ibn I:Iayyan narrated it in his Sa#~ from

Abu Khallfah al-Fac;ll ibn al-I:Iubab from Abu al-Walld

at-TayalisI and we have another with a shorter isniid. This

text has paths of transmission in Muslim and others which

have the same meaning.

Jfadfth 5

.b..:J1· f·' J!;..~~' !,;:. <JI'1'·--:f~aJl' .' ~,;:.~' ,. ~ <I ' 0'. ~ q--'"' Yo <-I--.r.> '-:f""!J ~ if

s.; ~lill ~!;..~ Y.1 ~;;'f :J(i ~ ~'I~ ~~liil ~ f~ ~jjl , ." 't: ., "......... ..... ~ 'iii .... ~. ~ :-'1 ' 1 .' ~-- . i :Jlj <L::.S. . ' J..;.;.i . ' .)" " .' :l:.~

0'. f7 ~ r.r.> .;;: <I <I ,~ <I.r-.'..L~ ~"I"~ ~--:f :J'(i ~ ~'~I ~ ~--:f :J'(i t-l..':31 J..;.;.f <I ,;.) 0'. ~"".r.> .-, 0'., ..r.> .

134

Remaining Isnads

8','-:f!··· '-II~I L!,;....:.~·~I~J!.;.;.·18'---TJ'~ " r.-...p::!..r-' . -- • .,r. , .• Yo r.- ..r-:!:

.' J:';'~ ~. ~I ~ 8J.;. 'J'~ tt;. .' ~t;..;..1 .' J:';'~ ~. ~I ~ 'I, .,r.,. ' .. 'I" ~'1, .,r., •.

~ ~' W 8J.;. :Jij ~I ~.! I:: 8J.;. :J~ ! AI ";.11 ~ ,,:Y-. , . .,r....,::- '-$,.j.,,,

ill I ' ., ~ ';·l.~ :J~ ~'" ~. JI:':lI ~ :J'~ ~"" ··.!.U.JI '-:f"? J., ~ .r." .,r. r, .r:-" 'I "

'~I~~ ~8 ~I I~ ~ ::; f:)T ::; &~~I ~I';j ~ ~~ 11;

~~I ~I';j'; ,~;';\jl i~1 }~ rJ,; «~II J~ «pll :J~,;

, a~ 'I'~' Ii' LS~'·!·"· "" ~'''~ "\' ~ __ '-!'--t:J J'~ ';~~.:J.>~~~~j>..:.r.J

ol 0"'"

'~J>'0f This is a sa&i& &adith which al-BukharI20 narrated from

Adam from Shu'bah with this isnad, but he said "washed"

instead of "wiped" and he did not mention the last sen­

tence. An-Nasa'I" 1 narrated it as did Ibn Khuzaymah in

his Sa#& from the &adith of Shu'bah in full. I have it with a

shorter isniid by another path.

lfadith 5

.' J!.;.;. ~' 'l:';'~ ~I ~ '1 l.~~JI 8'---:f ~I ~ .' ;.;;.i1, ~' 'I ' .,r. ," Yo c--:- r.-, --. 'I :y-

135

Al-Arba'zn

Remaining [snads

This is a sound ~ad'ith narrated by the two Shaykhs

[al-BukharI22 and Muslim], Abu Dawiid23 and an-Nasa'I:4

from the ~ad'iths of Malik.25 The two Shaykhs and Ibn

Khuzaymah also narrated it by way of Isma'II ibn Ja'far

from Nafi' ibn Malik, and he is the aforementioned Abu

Suhayl. In it he mentioned the laws of Islam. It is said

that this man who asked the questions was I;:>imam ibn

Tha'labah, but the sound position is that it was someone

else. The ~ad'ith contains evidence that someone who con­

fines himself to performing the obligations will be saved

provided that he does not abandon the sunan out of aver­

sion to them.

I have the ~ad'ith of Malik with an isniid shorter by one

degree than that of the first transmission: I read to IbrahIm

ibn Al;1mad ibn 'Abd al-Wal;1id from Isma'II ibn Yusuf ibn

Maktum that 'Abdullah ibn 'Vmar ibn 'All informed them:

'Abd al-Awwal ibn 'Isa informed us: Abu 'A~im al-Fu<;layll

informed us: 'Abd ar-Ral;1man ibn AI;1mad al-An~arI in­

formed us: Abu al-Qasim 'Abdullah ibn Mul;1ammad ibn

'Abd al-'Azlz informed us: Mu~'ab ibn 'Abdullah az-Zubayn

informed us: Malik informed us ....

Al-Arba'zn

Jfadzth 6

Remaining Isniids

Abu 'Isa said. "This ~adfth is ~asan gharfb and is only known

from the ~adfth of ibn Isl;1aq. "27

AI-J:Iakim28 narrated it by way of Yunus ibn Bukayr

who clearly stated that the ~adfth was from Ibn Isl;1aq who

narrated it from Yal;1ya. Al;1mad narrated it from Ya'qub

ibn Ibrahim ibn Sa'd from his father from Ibn Isl;1aq. He

gave the last sentence with an isniid while the rest is without

isniid. That is how Ziyad al-Baka'i mentioned it from the

transmission ofIbn Hisham in Tahdhfb as-sfrah as connected.

Al-J:Iakim narrated it as well by way of Ibn al-Mubarak

from Ibn Isl;1aq abridging it to the sentence with the isniid,

which is his words, "Tall;1ah is obliged." All of this indi­

cates that there is some addition (idriij) to the transmission

of Yunus. His words, "is obliged" means he has done an

action by which the Garden is obliged for him.

/fadfth 8

139

Al-Arba'fn

~ 0 ~.:: II ~ J!;..~ 0' ~--:\ :bt!JI-::JLi' ,J . 0 ,-,~'II..L; ~ 0 do<Y"-' .• Y. ~ -, , J;_ 0; y" do

:1Li .,0 '1i..L; . 0 ~'II 0 \ .0.1.;;.\ Gil 0' ~--:\ :JLi .....a; q--.1'" 0 Y -1;.0 q". y. ~ •

~o ~!;..~ . '~II 0' ~--:1 ,.)G. o J.;;.\ ~o ~\; WI o~ ~--:1 do y---- Y. ~ • _. 0 do ..,r:- r' y. ~

, 0: '-Ii. 0 [0 e.L.;..;.. I I!.;..'; ~ 0 ,0 e.L.;..;.. I '\; 0' ~-- :LJL.~ . 0 ~ ~0~ ~. do~ ~..,r:-y. ~. 0,

,~~.,>1 ).j :S).;!JI .~:: '. s.; ~jt:;.ildJ.;. ~~ s.; ~I dJ.;.

... JLi "!,,~j ~J.;. ~.;. ~.Y '~I ~ Y.Y . 01 ~~: ~ I ~ 0 < 1 .:..; < ~ " ~~ 11.&· ,0 0' J'Li o ,-, ~ ~.t'"' .-..f:.r- -, ,~y.

. ~I ,Jt;...:.1 '-'"1;1 .... !.

,~ • 0 !l'~1 ~~: ~I ~ 0< 1.:..; < ~ " ~~ 11.& .. , 0, ) . , -, ~ ~.t'"' . . ..f:.r- . ,

.Y ~Ij r;.i,:) ';~I ~;',:Jj,~ ~~ s.; ~I ~)~ '{\.::J\.~'1.:L8'~'~,~/.0. '~il" " .~'Ii ,o,.o~<-< ~): ., . C:." f 0 y---- :r t.$.r-- ~ 0 . .;;-)

,0,0 '~I ,0,0' 0,' 0 \:~ _0 L 0 I 'co"I'" t;." <f".,..:.r- .:. <f" y:.r-~ <I..r--:: '-t-.;;-.r ~ • J)J "-1' .):>

~Ijjj ~ ~~ ~I~I :JLi j g;.;..) .; ~ jj.) Y '-:-' .;.s ;; ...... ,.... ...... , ....

Remaining Isnads ,., d , ;;:; ,. '" ,. f; d 0..::0".,

.:;G.. ~ 'I' . 'L.:: . .:.W • ..L. ':,\ / ~ L'~ / ~\ ~\ / / .Ja.aJ\\" / • 0/ <J". .J <..I- .J ~ ".r' .J r-::--.J .J J / ~.J

This is a ~asan gharfb ~adfth. We only know it from the ~adfth

of al-Mubarak ibn Sa'Id. AI-l:Iasan ibn 'Arafah alone has

it from him. An-Nasa'! transmitted it in al-Yawm wa'l-lay­

lah 29 from Zakariyya ibn YaJ:tya as-SajzI from al-l:Iasan ibn

'Arafah, and we have another transmission which is four

degrees shorter. And he also narrated it from Ya'la ibn

'Ubayd from Musa al-JuhanI from Musa without a lineage

from Abu Zur'ah ibn AbI Hurayrah. He said, "What is cor­

rect is the ~adfth of Ya'la." Ya'la ibn 'Ubayd also narrated

it, as did 'Abdullah ibn Numayr, YaJ:tya ibn Sa'Id al-Qanan

and others from Musa al:JuhanI from Mu~'ab from his fa­

ther as a maifu' [~adfth]:

"Is any of you incapable of performing a thousand good

actions every day?" They said, "Messenger of Allah, and

how is that?" He said, "If he says 'sub~iina'lliih' a hundred

times, a thousand good actions are written for him and a

thousand errors fall from him." This wording was narrated

by Ai:tmad,30 Muslim,31 at-TirmidhI,32 an-Nasa'I and Ibn

Hibban.33

Al-Arba'zn

/fadlth 9

142

Remaining [snads

" , ~··J!;.~··illl~·::11 \::~'~..:..,.;LJI-·LI\~ LJ~'I'~' ,. 'I, 'I, ,.~...r- ~,-, ~r:r.~ "":"C:J

.~ ~~I) JI :; ~:1JiI ~I .) ~ '7-lu, .) J ~1 ~ ;1l1 ..... .. ..... --.. ", .. / " .. ,... ,....

This is a ~asan ~ad'ith which at-TirmidhI34 narrated from

Al).mad ibn Man!', Abu Ya'la35 from Abu Khaytham, both

narrating from Hushaym. A1;tmad36 narrated it by way of

Shu'bah and ath-ThawrI, and Ibn I:Iibban37 narrated it by

way of 'Abdullah ibn Idrls, all of them from I:Iu~ayn. A

group narrated it from Sa'Id ibn Zayd, including Zirr ibn

Hubaysh, Riyal;t ibn al-I:Iarith, 'Abd ar-Ral;tman ibn al­

Akhnas, I:Iumayd ibn 'Abd ar-Ral;tman ibn 'Awf and others.

The transmission of 'Abd ar-Ral;tman ibn al-Akhnas men­

tioned Abu 'Ubaydah ibn al:Jarral;t instead of Sa'd. The

transmission of I:Iumayd ibn 'Abd ar-Ral;tman mentioned

all of the ten. It has supports from the ~ad'ith of 'Uthman

ibn Man, 'Abd ar-Ral;tman ibn 'Awf, Abu Hurayrah, and

Ibn 'Umar. Ibn 'Abbas and others. I have it with a shorter

isnadby the past path which I read out to at-TaqI 'Abdullah

ibn Mul;tammad ibn 'Abdullah from A1;tmad ibn Abu Taiib

from Abu al-I:Iasan ai-Qat!'I from Ibn az-ZaghunI.

143

AI-Arba''in

"" ""'~l·.~' I:;:'-~'. 1~'il"':~I'" ,", 'I~' ~0~:rr-::-.J'~~"!""-:-'~? ~~~...I.A

~t;.,.:.1 ~ , • ) :\jl ~ , 'J.JI-L; " ' .J~ ~ 'I', ~<lJl ~ " ~ , " ~:r~,J , 0." If, ".;,r..J.,!.r Y-If '" , ""',' 1 "I '

'~~0~:r~.r.~0

r-r ~\ «, ~ ~ ;\ m» :j ji J ,~I~I ?~J ~I ~~ ~1;..:..tIJ

144

,w ct ~ "~ ~'~ ~i:q ,_, ..r.? ,~..,...,..,

Remaining Isnads

~18'--:1 ,~~ n' ~ .1'<'11 ~ ~' ....... ~'II ~ ~ 0 0 'Ii _ ~ rs- , ;' JJy ,if; y" ...r. ~ J"

o~ 8'-- :L)1;~iI ~ 0 . '~II 0' 8'-- :Lj~11 0' 8'--:f , '-'~ 0 f ~ 0 y.~, ...r.~y'~,yy.~r'-l:....r.

t 0':118'--:1 "'0/' 0 0" '~l:?-!-r' ~ '~r>.:r.~

This is a sound ~adfth that aI-BukharP8 and MusIim39 trans­

mitted thus from YaJ:tya ibn YaJ:tya from the aforementioned

Yusuf, and Ibn f.Iibban transmitted it from 'Abdullah ibn

MuJ:tammad aI-AzdI from IsJ:taq ibn IbrahIm from YaJ:tya

ibn YaJ:tya.

[In the ~adfth,] "sawad"4° with an a refers to a person

and "siwad" with an i is a secretY His words "right away­

lam anshab" means, "I did not do anything other than what

I was doing."

I have a ~adfth with a shorter path reaching to al-Fir­

bar1: 'Abd ar-RaJ:tIm ibn 'Abd aI-WaJ:thab informed us who

heard it directly (sama') from Sitt aI-Wuzara' bint 'Vmar:

aI-f.Iusayn ibn AbI Bakr informed us: Abu aI-Waqt in­

formed us: Abu aI-f.Iasan ibn aI-Mu?affar informed us:

Abu MuJ:tammad ibn Hamwayh informed us: aI-FirbarI

informed us about it.

145

Al-Arba'in

Jfadfth 11

~t ~' . " "II ~ --:.il '1 ~'~I\ ,·":i I ";:JI .' L~ , t '.' do q-..r . s.-r Yo c-=- '-f'.-.r.> <;. f.'"' '! _. ~:.r-

l;;.t QI '1~" :1..' WI u;;j.:-" ~~il ~L!;. .' .!.n:'~1 .' q". Yo .r.>,~ ~ , ~ I.$r. '! ' J . '! ...I.>1'il ~ .' ~t ~ , .. I;:' • '.:JI '1 ~,,:t ," ".: il ,':' ~ , "Y ,. '! do ..,r:- ':f"'"' Yo .r.> I.$.t' y:<' ~~ do

~":1." ~I' .:.il ~ JajWI ~ 'I ~:.;.:. _:~il '1~":1." ~I .r.> ~, ...p- ,." do ("..- Yo .r.> ~,

,tS~1 ~t ~ ~I ~;;t '~I ~;.;.~ ~ l;;.t iJKJI;r ~ ~ "

.. '" ~ r; ,.. .. .. --

i jt;. ~ fl? 8:i>. ,~t;hJI :)~I:) ~.:Jq.: :)~I:) y'18:i>.,~ ~ .-" .. .. ~ .. tt5 ' t ~' kt..::. . ' . ' ' "" ~ ~ , - - :1: ' t ~ 'I ,', - d '. ' . ...I.:.r-.. do o..r>..r ,. :.r- r-::::-...I. do >'" J ..:.r-.... ...... ". "''''-

, " , , ... 1·':II·'~~'\~'··~..c" <;. f.'"' '! .. ~:.r-~

~ ~t ~ J~ ~.-1 ~ ./~ljJI ~IJj ~ ~~ 11; .... ". .... .. .. '1 ~,,:t ~t .' • I::' II '}lJI.2Jl.. OIS. 'I ,~, :J' '0 ,~ Yo.r.> '! ..,r:- <..S'~ l-r , ;"' '-f'.- t:J J ,.r-!.

.' '·<-lJI ... '~" KJI Jr ~ rl-This is a 4asan 4adfth whose like ad-DarimW narrated by

way of Maki).ul from Abu Tha'labah. I have the aforemen­

tioned isniid which is shorter going to 'Ali ibn AQ.mad: Abu

al-Makarim at-TaymI the aforementioned informed us.

Remaining Isnads

/fadfth 12

.' J!.;.~ ~' .' '"Ii ~ J!.;.~ '18''':f 1:' uJ)iIJ" ' . .:r. , .:r. <r> f .• Y..r.>..r:r" , .;> If. " .

0.... , .... a -I- ,.... ~,." 0.... " "

8'''.\ ,'~I ,""'-...L.....:;. 'l.wwl8'''·\, ..l.4J1-::":::"..Lot;. .r.> '-I- ~.__ Y., .r.> y-' , • -.~ __

J.>.\,11 ~ KJI '18''':1. ~ " .' J ;.;...; ~ 'J..;;..f , :..~tl '1 "Y . r c! Y..r.> '-$..r- '!- ' .:r. q--- Y.

.' . '.:JI ~ d I:: WI ·11.;L;j1 8''' :LJ~ .' . ' '"1i,L;. ~. '!- y--'"' .:r....,::- ~ Yo, .r.>., '!-~ f ,. .:r. , ,. o~,. ., {I,,. 0 ~ o~

.' J!.;.~ 8'''·1 ,····I~~1i . '~Ii .' "I:: .. '~'I '18'''·1 , <~ .:r. .r.>..pc! r-' y--'"' .:r....,::- y--'"' Y. .r.> ~

WI··~" (-~'i' ·WI I::.: !:jij ·<·j···''"Ii,L;. ~ '!- Y-r<.l;. ~ ..s-r>! ~<.I;. '!-~ f ,.

'1' , Nt;. . f ~ .. " 'Ii ~ J;';'''; '1 ~!NI 8''':f :jij' ·t:.J1 Yo) ~ <.I;. .:r.~f .• Yo • .r.> ~-

i -k.·'; ~ ~,; J..;;..i i:.;. '1j ,~-:';.,; jL;:...:.1 ~ . j!;.:. (-~ , '-:I".... \".I' ~- -. Yo .. ,J '-:I" !. do r ,L;. '1 'l.A':J18~, 1~\jI,L;. ~. , !"8~ :1'lij . , ,.~. t ~I •. Yo i ~ ..s-.. .:r...r Y- y r-'" r.-) '-$~ '.' ,t J.SJI ..ll~ ~ • 'I !.;.~ '.~~ :jij t . Illi ';1 ~ • 'I !.;.~ ..ill :r '-$.. ...:r. '-P' ~ ~~~.:r. ,

..... ., A" .. !It "",0 ....... 0.... ,.-" -: A ... ~1.A <I.rl :r ''-$?I ~I:r '~~ <I u~1

~) ~~I ~';'';';Y.::; ~1.A ~I ~Ij)~; ~ ~~ 11;

.~;)Jf ~.yl i-)I ~ g~ ~~j J;j '~I~ 8 ~ " .' , :..~il . i'· ' ~ '~I J !.;.~ ~ d ,:: . '.:::. il '1 ~ .. t\ '-$..r- '!- q--- <.I;. :r C:} • .:r. ...,::- y--'"' Yo .~ '-I- .

. ' . 'Ii . f :' LXf ~I . f .' . '':::'11 . i I:: LJ~ ;,;1'~' ,~ '!- y:-f <.I;.:r -. . <.I;. '!- y--'"' <.I;. ..s- -, .;S).~

8';;.f [:jij] ~;;.f ~UJ ;; ~I ~ ~ J~ .; ~!.;.~ ::; ~I::J , .,

147

Al-Arba''in

~"!"Gi.l;.,t·'~1 UJI'''\8'~:L ~1~'I8'~:L':"-l.J1 .:r. ..r' Yo ...p!. , ~ Yo r.>- '!" .:r. r.>- _ '

.~):":JI~

This is a ~asan gharfb ~adith which Ibn Majah43 narrated

from Yunus ibn 'Abd aI-A'Ia and we have what corresponds

to it. I have a shorter isnad than the path which I narrated:

Abu aI-I;Iasan 'Ali ibn Mul;1ammad a~-~a'igh informed

me from Abu aI-FagI ibn ~a~ri, and I read it with a short

isnad, to Abu aI-I;Iasan ibn Abi al-Majd also from Abu

ar-Rabl' ibn Qudamah from Mul;1ammad ibn 'Ammar that

'Abdullah ibn Rifa'ah informed him: al-Khala'i informed

us: Ibn an-Nal;1l;1as informed us: Abu at-Tahir al-Madini

informed us: Yunus ibn 'Abd aI-A'Ia informed us about it.

lfadlth 13

>"8:11" I"I~' i'~~I..l!;.~ '''\ "~:l~:i:"~' ~diJO< ~ <-1-, ~ .7.~ .:r. <..J'::'; ~ • Yo <-I-r.>- _.7. :r '. , ? ~

8'~:" >. \.'\" .' ' .1\ ~ ~'~ ''::-'I..l!;.~ '1 ~~ :1.;;, Lih ... t ::.~il r.>- ~.J ~.J"' , • .:r. ~. Yo r.>- ,~ ~~

Remaining [snads

....u1...L.&.··~~·~f 1:~.·1tr~:Lt ':::il' '.::JI~·~f C~ / /0 0/ .:r. ~y. r.- ~.r y---- .:r. .r

<) , ,.....- ....;' ,...... .............. J. .... ,...D

,",:,,~I &; -43 8'>';' ,~\j ;) .; fo. ~ ~~...;. ,.:,lh.4l1 ~~j .; ,... .... ..... .... ....

This is a basan sabrb badtth which Imam Al).mad44 narrated

from Zayd ibn al-I:Iubab which has supporting agreement.

Ibn I:Iibban45 narrated it by way of Abu Kurayb from Zayd.

Abu Dawlid46 and Ibn Khuzaymah47 narrated it by way

of 'Ali ibn al-I:Iusayn ibn Sufyan from I:Iusayn, and Ibn I:Iibban indicated that al-I:Iusayn alone had it. It has sup­

port from the badzth of Abu Dharr in Muslim48 and its con­

text is more complete: "A human being has three hundred

and sixty joints, and every one of them owes ~adaqah."

149

Al-Arba'in

Jfadfth 14

" 1"1 ~t;...:.1 '1 ~~I '~~I "~:I ' ~ '. ' .~I .81..J" '. ~ .r.~ " ~ y. i ~ -I-r.- r -r , ' , ? .-.r-" I~;I I: 1 ~~I:'\1 ~ . '-::q ;'11" , I'll" ", 'I" '~~\AJ (f-t ~ ...r;.F ~;.- ¥.;r. ~ y ¥.;r...4>- .:r. J~ '18'~:I,~q1'IIJ!;..~~" WI~ '~1;t;.jI8'~:1 • y. r.- ...,:..J.r;:. do ~ • y., r.-

'

OJ. /. , 0 0 t:" ..... o , , , ,

~"" .'.-:q~ I;;""; '1..I:Ut;JI8'~·I,· '~qwlu ·'~I.iW1 ~!-.r .• y., r.- ~, ,', do ,

,~ L..af~1 'tit ~~' J;;""; <:~ '1 ' 'WI 8'~:I, < :\jl~' ~~ -f-'" do .r y. ~ r.- ~ do

~ I~ '1 8'~:L ~ (,~~II 0' ~'" 1"1 ~t;...:.1 '~tWl 8'-:, .• y. r.- t..P".r.' ~ do ~ .r.~ " ~ y." r.-

6~,..:.....t;.j1~ ~' i ;,~11~1" '18'- :L:::.,'~· ',' 1"1 ~'wl ., • do c..r-- .J.r. y. r.- . Yo ':I-~ .r.~do,

.;. J.? ~ - ~J~ ~I;; - ?j 6~ ,..;JY.';' ~I ¥. ~ ~f ..... ....... ..

. . ·~ilJ, ~ ~~;..;. e~ ~ ~f ~ ,~L;.~) ~ ~d;I) ..;JY. .;. ~f ~ :;~I:; fi ~Ij) &:.. ~~ I}; ." 'tl~' ,~I ~,~ I~~I" 1.15' ,~.:J:' d' ",~, :1~'~1 ~..r . J , . do -r- J.J J "; -r ,_ J~ c!-~ r ~

~f ~Ij) ~J~ l.15j '0~';';Aj ~ ~~j ~I J';;' ~ ..... .......... ..... ...,.

, ',,' t..' lJ,.;\ ~ l.'.~' • '!q ,'t..' ~ ·L..::,jl' ~ l.'.~' .;r. CJ.J ~.;;- ~ 'r::-J '~~r ~.;;- ~ -I- J r::-J

: ~ii,· L..af~I~·' "',' L'. .j[,.. ~ 'I' tl" '1', WI rr- ~~ ." ':I-~ ~.;;- .-.r-. " do J Y y. J ~

~~; ~Ij ~ '~ (.$j).:.:ij ,~f [~] ~ ~ ~~ ~ J.? ~ , .

, I~~" I~' " ", ~ ~I _II '. '''I ' I':' t J'I~ ~",' 'I 't.. -r ,..:......1.>- .J"::'~ .:r. J~ U :(7 ...... J. .:r. ~ "Y.'.:r. JoT' ....". ". .... .. ,.... ... "'''

Remaining Isniids

S ~ . .u\ ~ ~~:. /, :Jw 8...;. ~~dI ~ / ,-'~~ " ~\ / / i.? / ~ / • / ••. Y' r::=- 'I- ~ .,j'·:'~f·· ". / \<" /0 / • ~ 0/ • '..;J\\</ ,,</ <: . f ... ~ "" ~ 'CJ~ J../AJ '-4j. <I- ~ Y' ~/ ~ ... ..l> r-' '<./;.

~./i\~ ..:..f~~8\' ·j;j~~·~~~fJ;;..;L..:..f .. ;;~ ... ~ '"r ~ '"~ <..r _ J~ '-?" .T ~ /. '"~ ~ U / /

,.~ ~ / .,:J ~ '1<f ~ .,j": '. ~ .~~ YI i.:.:.~/ ,.L;t.';~\ I ~:~ • , • Y' /.~ ~ J / ... ~ ~ ~..J /0/ y-::--~

,~)\ ~~:i;J ~ ~ ~~.)' P This is a sound ~adfth which Abu Dawi1d49 narrated from

A}:lmad ibn Yunus, and we have a shorter isniid which

agrees with although "from his father" is not in its trans­

mission, That is how 'All ibn al:Ja'd, 'Abd ar-Ral;tman

ibn 'Amr al-Bajall and others narrated it from Zuhayr ibn

Mu'awiyah and thus from Mu'awiyah, A}:lmad,50 Muslim51

and an-Nasa'I52 narrated it by way of ath-ThawrI, and

Muslim also by way of Rawl;t ibn al-Qasim. Abu 'Awanah53

and Ibn J:Iibban have it by way ofYal;tya ibn Sa'Id al-An~arI,

all of them narrated from Suhayl from 'Ata' and "his father"

is not in it. Muslim and Ibn Khuzaymah narrated by way

ofIbn Khuzaymah by way ofIbn 'Uyaynah that he said to

Suhayl ibn AbI ~alil;t, "'Amr ibn 'DInar narrated a ~adfth

to us from al-Qa'qa' ibn al-J:Iakim from your father.' He

said, 'I heard it from the one who heard it from my fa­

ther and then he narrated this ~adith to him from 'Ata' ibn

Yazld," This is a clear statement that Suhayl heard it from

Al-Arba'fn

his father's shaykh and so it is possible that the words in our

transmission "from his father" is an addition to the linkage

of the isniids. It is possible that Suhayl heard it first from his

father from At;:t', and then met 'At;:t' and took it from him

and narrated it both ways.

lfadith 15

~) 0i ~ ~I fi ~[;.]I lr;':'f 0~J ~ ?i~~ II e81 ~;;. ~ ~~ illl..L.&. °1lr-- :L', °nk ~ ;.1'- -Ii.";' .0 01;01 ' .. 0 <:-~

, ,. Yo .r.> e::-" J ,- .fi 9 0 - 0 r-,t '1'':: il_.:~II..L.&. ~ 0 .0.:11 ~ ~JI °1lr--:L ';;''11. 0 illl..L.&. ~ 0 '-I--r- V- ,. 0".!-r . ..r:- Yo .r.> rr 0,· ,. 0".

oj lr--:f ,t.W1 ,0, ~ 0 J;;':' lr--:f ,t.W1 0 'II ~ 0 ,0, lr--:f Yo .r.> _/ ~ 0". .r.> _, y;J"' 0". ~ .r.>

~ 0 ~f ~ 0' 0, °1lr--:f ,,:rLl.JL 1;[;.]1 . '.::JI 0 f ~ 0 ,,' .:>t:::A.i1 0". ,.>"-'" Yo .r.> ,f. ;' y--'"' ~ 0". ~ , - ,

/. o~ ~ 0 ~ o~" 0 °llr--'I, "'11 ,0, .0J!;..~~0,0 I,ollr--'I,-I':::'II~ Yo .r.> ~.r-'...r" yo 0 ' 0". ~ f.~ .r.> ~ ,

,~:;~ ~l!;. ~ 0 ~I ~ I::. °1lr--:L 0 t.:J1 ,0 ~I ~ 0 J!;..~.LJ • ,0". ...,::- Yo .r.> ~ <..J'"!.-? ~ 0". ,-;

~I 0 _II' 0' 0~1 O'~" 0 0" 0 .111 '0' I:~" ~..:s-' I~~" ..F. .:r. "' ...... :r ~ :r Or .:r. J~ .:r. ~ ~ .:.....l> 'e:,J .:.....l> .. , -- -- ,.... ,... ....

. . . :i::.' ~ illl 'i '_ illl J 0', \0, 0t;°~ ~' ~I r--J ,_ <..S""'"', ,r"J<.$'Y .y:r,. ~I ~ljJj ,~ ~~ 11;. :Jlij ,~~ ~} ~ ~~JlI ~ljJ j.,,1' ~ ;Jj ,~G~' jf t.;S ..:s-j O.~ ~" '.~ ,0 ~~I .~ J ;;..~ ~~ ~t;

, r" J ~ v Y'"'"" ':I' ~ ~ ':I' , v·

.~;';'j ~j~ ~ ~llAljJ

Remaining [snads

At-TirmidhI54 narrated it by way ofMan~ur and said, "This

is a ~asan ~adfth." Ibn Majah55 narrated it from Mu!).ammad

ibn Isma'Il ibn Samurah from Wakt as we narrated it and it

has supporting sources which Ibn Mardawayh and others

narrated.

153

Al-Arba'fn

This is a ~asan gharfb ~adzth which Ibn I:Iibban narrated in

his Sa~i~56 from AJ:tmad ibn al-I:Iasan a~-~ufI with this isnad,

and we have a shorter isniid which agrees with ito

Jfadzth 17

::; ,~ &; ~ !;.~ 8J;. ,~ f:~1 ;';-)1 &; ~I ~ 8J;. ,~Ij~ J. "" ..;, '"

u." 0' 0l>-:' u." 0' 0l>- J'" .::2~ , f '0' .L....:;, 0 'J.l~ 000 ?sf.r~ if ?sf.r~ yo 0 _J'-!':. if .-, sf. N

::; ~lS .;. ~ .;. ..;, ~::; ~t; &;1 ~IJJ ~ ~~ I~

o~~~d 8)';;';' ~!;.~ 154

Remaining Isniids

.8..i1 .' " 1''1' ~~" .", 1"1 ~I' : ! ytll ~IJ'~J' ~/ <! ~..r.bJ .r> <! ~..r.; ,- J-d ~ <-I--r.-- J

.~I~I t!,~,......: I... '. n:;.:jl ,.! J.ijl ·'lJI~t:..,.;.1;t;.jI~':l rJ ,,--t'" ~ ,.; '-:I ~, '!- '" .?

~;;'I.t;.1JI 01 ,~;.;..;. 01;:1 " ~ d.;:JI ~~I fi J;. g~ ~·~!;'~IS~:L~~t;I~:!il~t.i:' ,!.':IJ'~I'~" '11S~:1 .:r. ~ ,., y:<-' , If' <-I-- - ~ Yo ~

'18" ~'., ',' 1"I"""8"!'I~tll~~" 'illl" ''-I:. . ...1> 'or>- -I ~ ..r.;.f. ~ . ...1> <-I--r.-- 0..1.;.; -I, ¥. 0 ..... J. 0" ........ '1-:1:''" ...

. ~<!,,".f. ~..:.....I>

This is a &asan &adfth which Ibn Majah57 narrated from

Ya'qub ibn I:Iumayd ibn Kasib from MuJ:tammad ibn Ma'n,

and I have its equivalent. At-TabaranI58 narrated it from

the narration of IbrahIm ibn I:Iamzah and IbrahIm ibn

al-Mundhir al-I:IizamI. Al-I:Iafi~ J!iya' ad-DIn al-MaqdisI

transmitted it in al-Mukhtiirah by his path, and I read it out

with a shorter isniid to Umm al-I:Iasan bint al-Manja from

Sulayman ibn I:Iamzah that a<;l-J!iya' informed him: Abu

Ja'far a~-~aydalanI informed us: Fatimah al:Jazdaniyyah

informed us by listening to her: MuJ:tammad ibn 'Abdullah

ibn Raydhah at-TabaranI narrated to us: Mu~'ab ibn

IbrahIm ibn I:Iamzah narrated to us: my father narrated to

us: MuJ:tammad ibn Ma'n narrated it to us.

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Remaining Isniids

2>\ J~ ,~ ~} .;. ~ ~ 'y!LP ~ ~} ~ ~WI .;. .;;." .~l~faw.·~ ~ ' •. .:J~ ~!ILPSt;­\ J ,~ ~J '"~ ~ 'G -

Al-Qasim said, "This is what I like best of what I have

heard about the Fear Prayer." Our shaykh said and he in­

formed us with a shorter isnad: "Zaynab bint Kamal from

IbrahIm ibn Mal)mud that Ibn Shaul informed them of

it." This is a ~asan ~adith which Ibn Mandah narrated in

Ma'rifat ~-~a~abah by way of Abu Uways from Yazld ibn

Ruman from al-Qasim with this isnad. Malik narrated

it in al-Muwatta' from Yazld ibn Ruman from al-Qasim

from $alil) ibn Khawwat from someone who prayed with

the Prophet. whom he did not name. The two Shaykhs

(al-BukharI and Muslim) narrated it by way of Shu'bah

from 'Abd ar-Ral;man ibn al-Q;isim from his father from

$alil; from Sahl ibn AbI l:Iathmah. It is possible that $alil;

heard it from his father and from someone else. Allah

knows best.

lfadith 19

,,' .'~~"~ ~" ·1',·.~li\J":ft;...)~' JI~IJ" ~ ~0' .:r. ry.", ~ - ,If, ,?~

157

Al-Arba''in

,~'.~ .' .·.:II..L.i-·~· 1·c..~1 ~>:,,~ ·1.); ~1.l.> •. ~.h..L.i- ~. 'I;;'~ .Jf,!J}r ,. c.r.uz:; ~.r.- '-I-- ", ,. c.r.

..L.i-~ ~~ '.' ." ., tf!' .:: II ~ ~ ~~ I::'; ! :J'~ ,. '; , If ~ .J.r. ';' ..s- 'i.S! ,"·I:'·-\il~.l; ··wl..L.i- .·I;;'~ (-~cl~L~~t;I:)~'':::'llwl '-I--~ .~ '! ' ,. '! r . ", J.r.-' ,

~ .. ~_~ 8~ ,':"';'UI ~.:'-f .. ~, ~ . ~\;'1 '. Liil cl ~,., ~:, c.r.., .' .Yo,! c.r. • ~ . ~.r.-

~~. ~I ~~:, ,_IL;:,~' wl~ _IL;:, '18~,~ .)~\iI....:;J • c.r. • .r.- G c.r. ' . G Y. ,-?,J .• . . . ~ - ~;.ll ~I ~:;:J ~:.;;.;. -~I ~f ~,~),; J.;; ~ .. .. ". .. ,.... "',... .. ",...;'

", " __ 0,.... .. ~ ~ 0

.~ :.:Jt::.>- . Y "'':::':1\ J1.9' ,J"": -t;. '1' . ··..wl ~'I , •. , c.r..J~ J ~ ~ Y..J,.pC c.r.

This is a gharfb basan badith which I read with a shorter isniid

to Fatimah bint 'Abd al-Hadl from MuJ:tammad ibn 'Abd

aI-I:Iamld with this isniid. Abu Dawiid59 narrated it from

'Isa ibn I:Iammad from al-Layth with this isniid. He has

after the words "the town of 'Uqbah": "which is part of

IS8

Remaining Isniids

Fus!a!. That is a distance of three miles." Ibn Khuzaymah

narrated it in his $a~f~60 from the ~adfth of al-Layth. He

commented about its soundness and said: "if the report is

reliable, I do not recognise Man~ur as being of good char­

acter and without defect." Ibn al-MadInI and Abu I:Iatim

said that Man~ur is unknown. Al-'ljII and Ibn I:Iibban said,

"He is trustworthy."

ljadfth 20

Gli '~ 1::\11 ~I U--:\ . ':GI ~ '.' ~::il Jllll..J" ~ ..j. Y. U-- ' r 0- . ~,,y,. , ,? ~

wl..L;. '1 U--:\ ,I: L ~'.1J1 ~~ il..L;. .' ~ .' -I~ ~'J.;.;.\ , "Y. r ~~ ~,,0, 0'-Fdo

~~I .ij U--:\ oct. '.J "1' ~I'il ~ '~li t;.~' ~~~ , . ~ r . i, ~ ~,y . -- t:-. do

~ '~LX '.1\ '11.;t;.i1 U-- : \ ,\~I J ~~ ~ , J.;.;.f Gil'~ do .~.J'Y., rJ _ do ..j.Y. J. 0 0'&,. ..... 0 ~ , 't ~ " ......... JajI.;'.lIU--·I,· '~\I " ·'~I~'wl..L;.8"';',-I\ . .:;,·' ," , r ~ ~~0 do,. 17 0<f"'.Y'

..L;.~'~"n' '11.;t;.iIU--:L L t;j1 \~~~'~I-\; '1 "do y-.rs-y., r <../- •. , do. ..,,::-y.

", ijl~;<' ~~'" I'il'" 1<-:\ >vii" , <,' '·"1 0:~ ":"'.1>0'0. 0:'?~Y -¥ur 'r. ~0~0~

~ ~~ 8~ ,~;, 0 r. ~ ~ 8~ ,~j ~ J.;.;.\ 8~ ,pI .. '1' "'I..~' '~I" '-" 'I..~ "I" , ,,1 'I' \'- ~\~'1'. ~\.:>-~.J ~ ,y~...I>..: ~ 0: ~ iUt..W ~'-P 0 • , , ,

159

Al-Arba''in

.r· ~ il ~I:)~~ ~ ~, ~ ~I ~ ~IJj ~; ~ ~~ IlA

.~J.li ~.; < :; !, ~ :Jli ~1;:1 ',.;:s~:;. ~ Y~':;. ~ ... "" .. ..,..

, ,., t:...... , / .. ~ ,.... " .. ~ ~ . ~i ,j! ',::. .. " .. 4lJ1 ~ I::' t:Jl&. ~" .rs- '-/ ,cr. ...r:- '-/ .rs- '-/, " ...s-", .",

lJ- :L~LP ~. J!;.~ ·1lJ- :LJ~· ':.1\ ~. '~II ·1lJ-:' .' -:, .r.> " cr., Yo.r.>, _ cr. ~r Yo .r.> I""'.r.>

• ..!l!l;; ~ • ~, lJ-:' .' I::' ~ • ~ '.:·:JI lJ-:f •.. '_LII ~ • Liil·1 • ,cr. .r.>...r:- cr....r--- .r.> ~ cr. ~ Yo

:'1li .?I ~ j :.;.~ J ~ ~ ~ :)J.;.. .~, ~ ~I ~ 8J.;..

~~ ~~ 1.2 ,. L: 4S~1 ~ .'.j .,! ·1~r'." :,.~ 8J.;.. " IJ ~ • <-r-.r ~ " , r- '-F r-'" Yo J). '; ~ ,

~. ~ IS~~' 8 ~l,. ~b:"::, G\..i. ~I I·.~ '~'I' .>1' d :Jli ~, ~ • 'Co - ~ t..r-7 i.Sr '-?' J -

:~ J.li .,~ :; ~, j J~0;1 jJ ~ j J~ , .... " :;; ,....." ., ,," -:;;.. ..t:.,.,,,;;;.,., 0'·' , . -L:.:JI ~ • ~' ••. L;'I.iJ1 J:.::j. .·I·~ 1\ .l!.lL.~' .r.?J-I- '-?' J ~) ., ';' J

~!,.~ .: ·-~'I'~· "·L~' ,t,;.·1 \1;;' ".~, ~ ,::..,.,. "'~;" '-"'JJ.J~ ~.r.-J'~ Yo 0 J0.r.?J...r:-:.r.~4.AJJJ

w .", .. ' , .. ~I'· ,~,." . 'c..;.;.;. ~ ~I' ~ ~ .. '; •. r . ,~J~,-/ ~J .r../',-!,:- ,-, ~ ,J-" ,_, ~

This is a ~asan gharib ~adfth which 'Abdullah ibn Al:lmad

[ibn I;Ianbal] narrated in Ziyiidiit al-Musnad from Abu Musa

from Ma'dI ibn Sulayman who said: "I heard Shu'ayb ibn

Mutayr (and he mentioned it).

1 read it with a shorter isniid to 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar ibn

~I that Al:tmad ibn Mul:tammad ibn 'Umar informed them:

Abu al-Faraj ibn a~-$ayqal informed us: Abu Mul:tammad

ibn $a'id informed us: Abu al-Qasim ibn al-I;Iu~ayn in-

160

Remaining Isniids

formed us: al-I:Iasan ibn 'All informed us: Al:Imad ibn

Malik informed us: 'Abdullah ibn Al:Imad narrated to us:

Na~r ibn 'All and Mul;1ammad ibn al-Muthanna narrated

to me and both said: Ma'dI narrated it to us.

Abu Nu'aym narrated it in Ma'rifah a!-$abiibah by way

of Bun dar from Ma'dI who said, "We went to WadI al-Qura

and were told that there was a shaykh there who was one

hundred and a half. The shaykh was called Mutayr. He

has a son called Shu'ayth," and he mentioned the like of

it. Shu'ayth is written with a thii'. Ad-DaraqutnI spelt it

out. An-Nasa'I and others said that Ma'dI is weak. Na~r

ibn 'All and others said that he is trustworthy. Abu I:Iatim

said something similar. Mutayr is in the diminutive form

(TG!ghfr). He has been regarded as trustworthy and his

badfth has support in the badfths of Abu Hurayrah, 'Imran

ibn I:Iu~ayn and others.

ijadfth 21

"'~'~' GJI'1~I'·-:' ".' "\,~'.I"tl..J"~ rs-...r. q". Yo, '-I--~ Jr 0 C} J if ,..r ,? ~

:;'1:; .", 1"1 ~'~'I:; ~ '18'-:' ", '~, 'W' '- ,~:itl J 0 ~.r.~...r. J. Yo ~ ~ '" '-I-- fi;. -?-t'r'

~ '1 'LA~I lS-:, ,~- :," <"'I:'il "c.t..;..;..l ~' "c.t..;..;..1 0' ,'Ua.JI • Yo i ~ ~ ~ ~ v::-; ,...r.v::-; ;. J

Al-Arba'zn

'-tli. y; ..;~~ 0-; ~li. ~jj fi 8';":'f ,~I:J y; ~I 0-; ~I ~ ~" wl;~i1'18"--:Lt;~II·"~II~'J!;.~ ,':' '18''':1 do("'":! y. ~ ~-r~do ~~y. ~

~ '18''':I,Sll.iiI;j:.· ',' I"I~' 'I::, '18''':I:J'\.i, .8.iI' 1 ,. y. ~ 0~f.~do..r-Y. ~ l" ~

~ ~J ,?"~10-; 'l!.;.~ G.1;. '~Jjill ~~ J.~;' 0-; ~ !;.~ ~I ~ .. ;' ,., ....

_<~11' tl"1 ~., ~1~'I'!" "'I~~·' ."I~ 1;:-' ','" r-- !..I. .:.r. ...i:'J.>. ,<.,) • .:.r. ~ .:...J.>. . l '" ,~u .:.r. +.4.>- .:.r. ... ....... :: ' ;'

.. ·~iW' J-? y; ~IJ ~) ~ ~ ,~~ :;}.1;. '&1,t4i1

y -/) y; ~~J ,~ ,,) ~ :;~I:; yi ~IJJ ~ ~~ Ii;

.. J. .. t,., .. J. -;; 0 toll"" /I .. t J. ~I ~ 8'?,-\ 'r. J. ~\ 8'?,-I,~ J. ~I 8'?,-I, !;;.;.

'~I ~ ~ J~ ,,) ~ ~ ~IJl,:) Jw ~J1i <r) :;}.1;. ,~I "i ~~' , ' (-II ~ : I'.' ,.l.;.': h"""':'l ,. ," .1:;'~ -<~ it ' 1 ~ '\'

. Jr.-:-"'. u-::;J .J',. u-::;" ~ r~ !..I. do J ,... '" .... .. ....... .... ,., /I".. J. '" ....... , ....

. ~' '·j·'L' .• ': ·J..':iI"·j',I~~'IJ'j J IS? ~-t' c.r! ,~ <.? "r' (:? J -r- ..f

This is a ~asan ~adfth which Abu Dawod61 narrated from

Abu Bakr and 'Uthman, the sons of Abu Shaybah, both of

them from Mu'tamir.

AJ:!mad62 and Musaddad narrated it in their Musnads

also from Mu'tamir.

Remaining Isnads

'Abdullah ibn 'Vmar ibn 'All informed me of it with a

shorter isniid: Ai)mad ibn Mui).ammad ibn 'Vmar informed

us: 'Abd aI-Latif al-I:IarranI informed us: 'Abdullah ibn

AQ.mad informed us: Hibatullah ibn Mui).ammad informed

us: al-I:Iasan ibn 'All informed us: AQ.mad ibn Ja'far in­

formed us: 'Abdullah ibn Ai).mad informed us: my father

[Ai).mad ibn I:Ianbal] narrated to me, and mentioned it,

and he in his narration: "from the paternal uncle of my

father" instead of "from the paternal uncle of her father."

Ibn AbI al-I:Iakam disagrees about his name. It is said

that it is Yazld and it is said that it is 'Abd al-Kablr. I do not

know the name of his grandmother. At-TirmidhI narrated

it in a similar form by another route and declared it sa&f&.

Jfadfth 22

Al-Arba'in

.' , t;~ ~'JJI J.:::; 8'~, WI·' ~.' I'~~I ~'L;.f if. ~ J d- ,_. r if. ~ if. r..r-; ;. d-

, • " ~ <II ~ ..L' I::' ~:)t;~ '. .:,. .... .;jl '~. ' .....:.;. .' ..Ll~ -*'" ~, J' ~ ,.f. ...r- J ~ , . ..r.:' d- ." d-" ...... ".. ..., -- --" ,...

~ ,., 0 ,...,.... , ,... ,.-

... ~~ ~I ~i J$.;. .:Jl5j ~j; ~ .:Jl5j

~ 'I i.......:. '1' ~ '1"1..'1 ~I" ,";"11 IJ; '. .::....; ~ .!..;-I>- IJ; d- ,-, Yo J '-I--.r.-- JJ " y ~ . • -f " 11,.. t::J~ d ,~, .:J' " t;~.' JJI.G :' I; ';;':~ ,. ~ 1"\11 > __ C:J J ~ J if. ' __ . if ~.. <-!- '-!';f

."~il'1~1"',~ L.!..Jlo,~::,II'·~f··I"tll ':<-II.;.:!i\ ,. y-::--'"' Yo JJJ,~ , ,r-""' <-!- . '-I--~~ r- <-!-JJI.G:' 1·~il~I::'··JJI.G:/~~1 /., .. '~~'I , __ . if,J'.r- <.S':" d- , --. if '" ~ ~ C:} d-

,.... .. -- .... .. '" • ·0..J1 .. ~L;..:.I ·'1 ~r : 11T ,t::J~ '1J;d ,~,~ , v·' ~~ <-!- '-' ;. if. -- J~ ~ -'t-'~ -- . c: y ~ J if.

}:J ~ i~';; ':'15l!J :J~ ~~ ~ ~f ~'. :; !. s.; J~ Jj;.. :J~ ". .... '" ..

: 0 '1:1.. ~I .. t .t.W1· ·.lJ1 ~L.,dut;J1 ": f' ,~q ~.k .... ,' ~ .~.A.li ~ ~ <-!-~ / if- ." ~? J r-' ",J ,

Remaining [snads

:~::jI.)WJI' 8t..:J1.;1;-+~h.t;:jL, ~~~ll' ,~I :~ .'.~ " , J" , ,;~ J " ~.rs-

:~~Ij ": :;( ~ :~Ij ,~~~ ~ Jilli ~ :jillj ,.;a.JWI .. L. . L. '.. .. ..

~ t..d.;~1 ,. ~~~'IL"f ..:JtJ' :';"LA ~ ~ I j~ :~~ ..:JtJ' , ~'~il ~. ,J,? J ..r-:. J~

.":";LA I~! ~Illl ~I)i s:..ll;~1 ~ ~;;h r:iili

This is a gharfb badzth by this path. It is narrated by

at·Tabaran~3 and Abu Sa'Id ibn al-A'rabI in their two

Mujam collections from 'Ubaydullah ibn Ruma}:tis. We have

it with a very short isnad in al-Mujam as-Saghfr by at-Taba­

ranI64 which I dictated in al-'Ushrah al-'Ashshariyyah. It is

narrated by Abu al-I:Iusayn ibn Qani' in Mujam a!Nababah

from 'Ubaydullah ibn 'All al-Khawwa~ from 'Ubaydullah

ibn Rumahis and we have an equivalent with a short isnad

from the transmission of Ibn Is}:taq in al-Maghazf. He said:

'Amr ibn Shu'ayb narrated to me from his father that his

grandfather said, 'On the day ofI:Iunayn ... '" and he men­

tioned the story, and its text is more complete. It is trans­

mitted by I:Iafi~ -Oiya' ad-DIn al-MaqdisI in al-Mukhtarah

from the badzth of Zuhayr ibn ~urad. It is supported by the

badzth of'Amr ibn Shu'ayb. He considers that it fulfilled the

preconditions of being basan.

Ruma}:tis is with a u on the ra', an un-doubled mfm, an i

on the ba' and ends with a sfn.

~urad is with a u on the ~iid, an a on the un-doubled ra'.

Al-Arba'fn

Al-Jushaml is with a u on the jim and an a on the skin,

and it comes fromJusham ibn Bakr ibn Hawazin.

BcryrJah is a group.

Hattafis the plural of hatif.

Ghamma' comes from ghamm (sorrow).

Ghumar are hardships, the plural of ghamrah.

MaM means pure.

Dirr is the plural of darrah (milk).

Kumt is the plural of kumcryt (chestnut brown).

Jiyad are horses.

Shalat na'amatuhu is used for someone who dies, shalat

means to lift, as an ostrich (na 'amah) lift its foot, derived from

the image of an animal's feet rising upwards when it dies.

/fadfth 21

166

Remaining Isniids

8~ ,'Ua;jl . '., .' "'.' <" ~'J!;..~ (-~ ',~,,:c' ;'11 .J 'l-J..J 0 ~ 0 r ...r. r- Yo .r.> !.$r

~<, , '~8"' 'G" I'c.~\ 8"' t ':'1 ')1;]1"" 1"1 - ~ Yo • ~ '';!''. .:.r. (./Z'; ~. ~ '!.$~j-; .:.r. ~ .r.~ ,,~ ..-" -;: ".... -- ~

::;; ~ ~I::; <~-::" JI')~ ~I::; ,- fl;~1 S;~:; .)~I ~

... ~l; . ' ~..L...:. ' 1 " 0, ,.,..r:. o ~ ::; ...;.j 01 :; ~l; &;1 ~IJ) ~~ ~ ~~ Ii;

.... 't }-. .)t::.,t; , I :' I';" • • ...r. Ifu.-., ,

This is a ~adfth with a short connected isniid, which Ibn

Majah65 narrated from Ibn Kurayb from Mul.J.ammad ibn

Fu<;layl from Abu Suf)ran.

Al-Arba''in

o t J. 0

... ~I~';~~I;Y,~';?;Y,,:,,,:JI~ .. --....,... '" ,...,... .. :i.;.;.1 J ;Y j,;. .; :i.;.;.1 ;Y ~jl~ Y.f ~ljJ .~ ~~ 11;

,,'" ,.. ...-

, :<l~.li:i.;.;.1 ' f 4,;'1' ~ t..i.. '~Ii~' :1' ,~I"il I::· '): I .J..r ~ ,- J.J. 0"!- 1.$ ".r' . ? J , r--...s- I.$~

,-,;'11 . t G.::l1 ~r" " _I.:.JI J'I ,:i·' 1...'. ot&. 8' ,;, .:J' ; ~I.$.J.. JJJ ~ c,($? <.f-~0"!-", eJ J

.:,~ ,o'~!', 'I.' ~ ~' '~T";" ~ t·L.:l!I' ,)'~'il r-' .' ;.r.-"J <.{'J 0, :r? ,.J 0"!- '-I-- J ,J""""

..i- 4J ~'1j 'f'1 ~;>;Tj ,;.;..~ ...jl5j ~~~ ~Y.fj ,~~~ ,0, , " , ,"" , 6" -;::" .~y.:; ,~I ~ ~IJ"-J ..jfi'1j ,~~'11

This is a basan badzth. which Abu Dawiid66 narrated from

Al:J.mad ibn I:Ianbal from Abu AD-mad az-Zubayri with

agreement about it. At-TirmidhI67 transmitted it from

the transmission of the aforementioned Abu AD-mad. We

have it with a shorter isniid by another path to al-Khila'L

Al-Bukharl narrated it in al-Adab al-mufrad,68 and an-Na­

sa'I6g narrated it, by another path from Sa'd ibn Aws and

Shutayr, which is with a shfn and a la' and is in the diminu­

tive form, and his father is Shakal, with a shfn and a kif

both with an a then with a lam, but he does not appear in

the names, and no transmitter other than his son is known

to have transmitted from him. He is trustworthy.

168

Remaining [snads

o~ -' ,. (I ... ,,,.. "" ~ o't ,. 0 ... ., -;

8"""1,' '-'~1i<' I<'I~'~ .'< '18"""I,,,,t;"~1i~'~1 .r.> ,-?~J..r- ~.r.~ 0'! r Yo .r.> < .Jr-' 0'!

....u1J.:::;.8~,·"tJ ':~\I t -' -~\10~~",!;.~ ~'< '1 <.. ..r.r. Jr-~ . 0'! ~ Yo "..... ,

,~,; ~~:; 'J#'; ~!;.~';;,UI ¥:; ,~" J;.J- ~ "'..... ",""'''''' ....

... ;;'):;

.; ;,UI ~ :; ~~ :; ~}j :; ~\ ~IJJ .;:r:.;. ~~ 11; < • <

169

Al-Arba'zn

..!.lJ "\',~ '-:~S-I :J~ y:' [;' J~,~';~ jL...a> '1'\';";1 I':'" <.r::' J _ d" J __ ,Y (.J. J . .. .. :;; " .. " " ~ o~ 0.. ..0"" Jl;. ~I 'J".!.G' "q~ 1~''':''';I',-,<qJI,~';-;I'iJ' C c.! r --JrJJ' ~(.J.J J;r-' ~ _ J J

, '15: l::.' .j&. aJl ~ '-....tJ1 J' " 0~ -!.U :D" : \' ,~ '-:~:'I :.!D'~ ~\ ~ r-J-- ..r-, r'J ~ Y-rJ _ y

i.:..' '~I;; d q ~ i.:..' ';";\' ,-,'::'11 J'I'~ ';:;1 :.!D'~ ~\', "'ct (.J. J '-If C JJ' ~ If' J J; r-' ~ _ Y J ~ .

.:.J/ .:J "-jJ. tfl11 J..:.; IA"II ~ ,dq -':" .h.....~ . ' 711 ~ f i ~ .~r-- ~iJJ' ~., 0-r:-' ~

1 '-....tJ1 J'" ~ '~~ ~I . j" ~ :.!D'~ ~\',' ,< ..r- , r'J ,'-I~ C c.! r -- Y J '-F""'

'«f~'P\::"-rs;';)) :J~rLj~aJl This is a &asan &adzth which A}:lmad70 narrated from

Zakariyya from 'Adl from 'Ubaydullah ibn 'Arm, and we

have an equivalent transmission of it. Ibn Majah71 narrated

it by another path from Ibn 'Aqil. It is narrated by Abu

Ya'la and at-Tabarani72 by way of 'Vbaydullah ibn 'Amr,

and completes what we have. We have it with a shorter

isniid in its full length: Ibrahim ibn AJ:!mad ad-Dimashqi

informed me about it from MuJ:!ammad ibn Abi Bakr

al-Asadi from ~afiyyah bint 'Abd al-WaJ:!hab by direct au­

dition that Mas'ud ath-ThaqafI reported in his book with

the aforementioned isniid going to I:Iamzah from his father

from ~uhayb who said:

'Vmar remarked to ~uhayb, "What man would you be

were it not for three qualities you have!" "And what are

they?" he asked. He said, "You have a kunyah but have no

Remaining Isnads

child. You are ascribed to the Arabs when you are a man of

the Greeks, and you have some extravagance in food." He

answered, "As for what you said about me using a kunyah

but not having a child, the Messenger of Allah ~ gave me

the kunyah Abu Yai:tya. As for your statement about me be­

ing ascribed to the Arabs when I am a man of the Greeks, I

am a man from an-Namr ibn Qasit whom the Greeks from

Mo~ul captured when I was a boy and I know my lineage.

As for your statement about me being extravagant in food,

I heard the Messenger of Allah ~ say, 'The best of you is

he who feeds food [to people].'"

Jfadfth 27

Al-Arba'fn

. , .... ~~

0~~) ';'1:; ~I"j I:.;.f ~ '1 ~; ~~ IJ; :*~ 0;1 J~

,.;;..;. J fu? :; ~~~ :.~ :.; ~~ 0; ;j.:.;J1 ~I"j" ~., JI ;; '" .. .. .,.

• J. ,., ~ , ,...,.,

~ ~., JI .; w~ ~ J ~I :; ~); :.; ~JL>.:;JI .I.,j., "''' ......... ,... ..... .. .. ,...

·L;...:.I'f~' '~"~Ll!;.·' '~il f 1;t!'~O~'\'~'~' ~ ~~ 0'..rY- • 0s...J""' ~ ~ .;J., "":C:J J

, ~ .' '~~'. T JI ' \; . ' . ' ':.il . ' • \; : ' ,',,: f " .')\~ , ;.il ~0~\f'c!--c 4..f'::"0~ 04..f'::"\f'r-"~ '-!'--

. 'I .' ~~I "" .. ' L.!. ~ 'I ~r" ... '1"1 '<lJl.)(.:.~L o :r ,. r c!--~ 0'. JJJ J ~r , ~;

r-::~I'; ~;..JI ~ ~B 0;1 ~I.,j.,,~ ~d;I) ~(.:.~II~~., ,... ..... .. ........- .... "

.pl +.S- JI'; , ' ,

Remaining Isnads

«1'<' ;"l;r~ijl"'~' -l1"'\:~1 ~"'~' ,~ ~ r-t.,r' ." ., (yJ'~ ; ~ r-..r' fi '~y

',< ' "", . .-:' il ',' 1"1" '" ,. 'I~'\I 2~ ,,;f'I'" '..p- <I ~if~ <I ~Aif ~~ ~Jr. rY' OJJJ

11; -lk ... ;.Q111:I ~1::..q :Je;' I~ t:JiS. d ,~,~ ..... ~ w' . 'I . ' ;,., "'tr- J >., c:y ,,;; J',f.if'

,~8.1 < ~I o..i.A. '·liJl . "L;...:,I ~ 'I '<1.:li' :~ .~8.'J1 • ;~ "" '-?~ ~ ~ ;0' r J ;

11: 1 i; :~ -.J~ '\ ~ 'I ;'<1 '.DI ....,G,sjl . ~\ -ll ~ ~"" "'t ·r ; , '-1:.0' r '-?' ; ,~ ;., <..r.:-> J

.~~I

Ibn ~a'id said, "This is a gharfb &adith. We do not know of

anyone who narrated it from Ibn Abi Dhi'b other than Ibn

Wahb." AI· I:Iasan ibn Sufyan narrated it in his Musnad from

I:Iarmalah ibn Ya.\:lya. AI·Bukhari narrated it in at- Tiirfkh73

from A.\:lmad ibn 'Isa, both of them from Ibn Wahb. I have

it with a shorter isniid which I read to Abu al-Faraj ibn

I:Iammad, that Yunus ibn Abi Ishaq al-'Asqalani informed

them from 'All ibn al-I:Iusayn ibn 'All al-'Iraqi from Na~r

ibn Na~r with the former aforementioned isniid.

Ibn Shahin narrated it in Mu)am a~-~a&iibah from Ibn

Wahb with this isniid, and we also have it with a shorter

isniid.

Ibn Mandah narrated it in al-Ma'rifah from al-A~amm

from Ibn 'Abd al-I:Iakam: Khad~ah bint ash-Shaykh Abu

IslJaq ibn Sultan informed us with a shorter isniid from

Abu Na~r ibn ash·Shirazi from Abu al-Wafa' ibn Mandah:

Al-Arba'tn

Abu al-Khayr al-Baghban informed us: Abu 'Amr 'Abd

al-Wal;thab ibn AbI'Abdullah ibn Mandah informed us: my

father informed us: Abu al-'Abbas Mul;tammad ibn Ya'qub

informed us: Ibn 'Abd al-I:Iakam informed us, and then

he mentioned it. He added: Ibn AbI Dhi'b said: "Then

I:Iusayn ibn 'Abdullah ibn :Qumayrah read to me a letter

which he had which says: "In the Name of Allah, the AlI­

Merciful, Most Merciful (as it is in the original) Mul;tammad

the Messenger of Allah to Abu :Qamrah and the people of

his house. Mul;tammad has freed them. They are the peo­

ple of a house of Arabs. If they wish, they can stay, and if

they wish, they can return to the lands of their people. No

one should challenge them without right. Whoever meets

them, should have good intentions towards them."

Abu Bakr al-Bazzar narrated it in his Musnad74 from

IbrahIm ibn al:Junayd from Yal;tya ibn KathIr from Ibn

Wahb in full. I have it with a much shorter isniid. He said,

"We only know this ~adfth with this isniid." I said, "Ibn

Isl;taq mentioned this story without an isniid in al-MaghiiZf.

I:Iusayn is weak, although the letter which Ibn AbI Dhi'b

mentioned strengthens this ~adfth."

174

Remaining Isniids

ljadfth 27

.°:i..;;.f ~ 0 'L!.;.~ ill I ~ o~ 8'--:f "\; . 0 j1. : ' ~t1J1 J U : 'I 0-! ' '" Yo .r.> '-f'::"'!, (/' ,?~

This is a ~asan ~adith which ad-DaraqutnI narrated like that

in his Sunan.75 MuJ:tammad ibnJabir is questionable, but he

alone does not have it. Ibn I:Iibban narrated it in his Sa~f~76

by a connected path from 'Arnr from 'Abdullah ibn Badr

from Qays ibn Talq.

Al-Arba'fn

Jfadtth 28

Remaining Isnads

~I"~ ,..:;.j;.,'';I~'':I.J' '" ~':~~I' '~I l' J.;! '"' ,. , , J ~ ...r. ~. Yo J . . ~ 'I ;.;.,:L· '~I \:' G. ~ , ,,:;~ ~G" 1.15:;" I~ '~I ~ ...r. .? ~. '-!':. if. ...r.. Yo • J ..,{; JJ

"~I ,'·'(01 )~I"~ ~~'L(-~I;¥Il.:,:..'.u.:L'. ;~ ~. '-!':. if JJ J,Y ~ ...r...r; J ".J;"" ~

'<:ti :1::.' .j;. illl r '-.uJ1 J'.'..:...:......:: :J\i '~.' '\':' .r r-J ,. ~,r"J, 0/" ':I- ~J if

~ d 'j ~ ~) ~ r-JL;, ~ ~;)I ~Ijjj d~ ~j~ rJj ~~I ~ : ::11' "!.:.is.: ~ wi' 015' ~ 1~1~~,t., W ~ ~ C:::r" r-' ,. ~ , , J J . , '+'"' r J , .

. : \:.' .j;. ill I '\ '- • :11 r-J ,. ~ '-F'

This. is a sa&'i& &adUh which al·BukharI77 narrated from

Mu}:lammad ibn Muqatil from 'Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak,

and Muslim78 narrated it from Is}:laq ibn Man~ur from

Abu Mis-har: Ya}:lya ibn I:Iamzah narrated to me .... Ibn

Majah narrated it from 'Abd ar-Ra}:lman ibn IbrahIm

pu}:laym from al-WalId ibn Muslim, all three of them from

al-Awza'L We have a shorter isniid for it by way of Muslim.

We also have it with a shorter isniid than the one we gave.

I read it to IbrahIm ibn Mu}:lammad ad-DimashqI in

Makkah: Mu}:lammad ibn Mu}:lammad ibn al-'Imad from

'Abd al-Lapf ibn Mu}:lammad: Abu Zur'ah al-MaqdisI in­

formed us: ad-DawnI informed us of it.

Ibn I:Iibban narrated it in his Sa&z&79 from 'Abdullah ibn

MuJ:!ammad ibn Salm from DuJ:!aym and Abu an-NajashI,

whose name is 'Ata' ibn ~uhayb. There is disagreement

Al-Arba'zn

about him. Al-Awza'i narrated it from him thus. It is cor­

roborated by Ayyub ibn 'Utbah from Abu an-NajashL Ibn

Mandah transmitted it by his path. 'Ikrimah ibn 'Ammar

differed from them and narrated it from Abu an-Najashl

from Rafi' ibn Khadlj: "I heard the Messenger of Allah

~ ... ", and he mentioned the ~adfth but did not mention

Zuhayr. Az-Zuhri narrated it from Salim from his father

from Rafi' from his two uncles. All its paths are sound. Rafi'

heard it from his two uncles, and then heard the prohibi­

tion from the Prophet~.

/fadfth 29

Remaining Isnads

~ ~~ qi J?- ~ ~t;...;.1.:r) ~ L.;;i.:r) qi +.j ~ ;j:. ~ ., " . wi .-

... ~.JA-4 0, ¥

• <"" :,.-~ 'Y~L'..~' t I~"I'I"'" , ". '(' 0~1f~?.:r.J~JI$-?.~ .JJ~~-:\>'..l.A

J.:,,) ~ ~L:'~J:SJ~h~IJJJ 'J:d ~ .;~!;.~ ~ ')~J~ ;' ....... ~ .. ", ~ ~... ".".

~IJ-? ~ w.;) ~~JJJ '~-?~I 0~ ~ ~ ~ qi ~ ~ ~ .:r) qi -t;...;.1 """-T' t ~I'I"':'~ .,,{

.~ ~0~y,,';!.J-?~I$-?· .JJJ'o.:~ 0-!?"J

This is a sa&r& &adfth which al-BukharI,80 Muslim,81 and Ibn

Khuzaymah82 narrated from Mul:J.ammad ibn Bashshar

Bundar from Mul:J.ammad ibnJa'far Ghundar. Al-BukharI

and Muslim narrated it from Abu Bakr ibn AbI Shaybah

from Ja'far ibn 'Awf from Sufyan ath-ThawrI, and they

also narrated it from the transmission of Zuhayr ibn Mu'a­

wiyah. Al-BukharI narrated it from the transmission of

Yusuf ibn Isl:J.aq.

lJadlth 30

~. ~ ",::: ·1··/:f..!..> t;..il .' ~'~ :' ~I . ·::.il..J" : ..r. ...p- Yo '-I-~ '-? ':! f If,· ":f-"" ? ~

t_~·:jl ,"~il~'~"~/:Lt, .:.WI ,·.::il~'· ',::: ··~f ...p- q-:-"" ..r. y" ~ ~ -t-.t"" ,. ,:!...p- ':!

Al-Arba'tn

:t ~.qj ~;j5y ~Ij~j ~jl~) ~;i Illi;:r.;. ~~ Iii II ..... 0 0"," -' ..... • 0 .. ", __ ,,,.,... ".,... 00 -;:

~I .0:11 J" o. .)I'"~I .' \>,]1 ~'<:, 0'" t.:..:J, ". ,b:.1 " ':P'"" ? ,:r , ..;' -!-- ~J. . .r f J ~ ,

~':i',~I'......i.IJ~'\1 .,';,:-;.,:< ~", ·!;..°f~ol~' .?J" J"r---!-- ~~J~ <.I;..:r. ;J

\::.-~:~h ·;'<~<!'~':\':·\I·o·:.I1 '4S~1 ·0G..~01 -.s- ~ ~ -!-- .r r' J ~ ':P'"' -!-- .. -!-- ' ., .:r.

... ,;,I~I

This is a ~asan ~adfth. It is transmitted like that by Abu

Dawiid,83 and its transmitters are trustworthy and we

do not known of any of them who has been criticised.

Al-BukharI mentioned Gharafah in al-AJriid under the let­

ter ghayn. Ibn AbI I:Iatim followed him. He collected those

who wrote about names written similarly but pronounced

differently. Ibn I:Iibban mentioned him in the Companions

under 'qyn which is an error, and then mentioned him cor­

rectly in al-Mu'jam.

180

Remaining Isniids

Al-Arba'zn

~' ~ ,;:.. ~I" Ik;' ..l.l~ '.' ~~ .' lJ. .' -t;..:..I'to; .'''''';' <..r...,,::- J.) J,,:r '~0 ~ l) ". 0; J

~'b ~' ,~, -' t..: ~'>l.;.jl'.jG.. ~ 'I~' :\' ~'b ' f ~' ~ J :rr~.r~r::' J •. , <..r. . .;>"J J '-!!.:r~

~J 0.)8.1 :l '-'? J )~ ;;.. ~ U\.JJ J. wI ~ ~ i..t, J J. .. "',.... !: .. "';. .. ;.,... ..... ,...... '" "' ...... "'. ". ....... ;, ......

~J ~I JS- ~~~I)~ ~y. t~ j~! ~I Jj ;~~:~ .::.l~WI'~f'~<'~ 1;:.1~~1 1;:. 1:..:.~0f 1 J ~ J' ..s- ' . ..s- u--:.

This is a sa&f& &adfth which Abii Dawiid84 narrated from

'Amr ibn 'Awn for which there is a similar transmission. I

have a shorter path of transmission which I read to Umm

'Isa al-Asadiyyah in which Yiinus ibn AbI IsJ:!aq informed

them orally from Abii al-I:Iasan ibn al-Muqayyar: al-Fa<;ll

ibn Sahl told us from aI-KhatIb Abii Bakr ibn Thabit that

al-Qasim ibn Ja'far informed them: Abu 'All al-Lu'lu'I in­

formed us: Abu Dawiid informed us ....

Al-I:Iakim narrated it al-Mustadrak85 by way ofWahb ibn

Baqiyyah and IsJ:!aq ibn ShahIn, both of them from Khalid,

and thus 'All ibn 'A~im narrated it from Abii Dawiid.

Ibn I:Iibban86 and al-I:Iakim transmitted it by way of

Hushaym from Dawiid ibn AbI Hind from 'Abdullah ibn

Fa<;lalah without mentioning Abu I:Iarb in its isniid. It is

broken. There is some ambiguity in the text because it

might be falsely imagined that it is permissible to confine

oneself to 'A~r, and it is possible that it is interpreted as

Remaining Isniids

[praying it in the] group, not abandoning it altogether, and

Allah knows best.

Al-Arba'in

This is a sabil; badfth which Al).mad87 narrated from Raw}:!

ibn 'Ubadah for which there is a similar transmission. Abu

Dawud,88 an-Nasa'I89 and Ibn Majah90 narrated it by way

of Hammam. The aforementioned narrated it by way

of Shu'bah from Anas ibn SIrln from 'Abd aI-Malik ibn

al-Minhal from his father. Al-I:Iafi~ considered it to be one

of his errors. What is correct is what Hammam said. This

text is one of the soundest of what there is specifying the

white days.

Remaining [snads

, ", ~ ", ,', ,~, \'\' f ' "'II " -' L' ".'~' ~~.f' Y"J.;.s:. ~r-J ~ '-!!. ~ ~.r ¥ ~-r ~ ~r-J

",:'i"'-' "'~11' ,:"", "~:1;"''.'" ~? .;.s:. '-?~ ~..r.!j- (f...r.:' ~ Jr ~ ~ ~ .iJ <.f. ~~ ........ .....". "". ......

~}:r~L:lJI This is a famous sa~f~ ~adzth from Ka'b ibn 'Ujrah transmit­

ted in the two Sa~f~ Collections91 and elsewhere by way of

'Abd ar-RaJ:tman ibn AbI Layla and others. It is ghanb from

the ~adfth of Abu Wa'il which only 'Amr ibn Qays has from

az-Zubayr ibn 'AdI from him. An-Nasa'I92 transmitted it

by his path.

/fadzth 34

~ , '\!;.:. ..Lot;. '1 ';j~ ~, / . WI "~~ .6:AJ :' .j.], J" : .:r. " Yo ~ <..,r;' • -, (f r ,? ~ "" 6 0 t ...,:;1 ,. .. 0 co

~ .'.J.;.;.\~' \!;.~ wI ~ ',G"~'I ~ • '~·:.-<II wI ~ '" if. .:r. ' '" Yo ~ ; '-:f'~.r--, '" '~ G"~:l ~ ;hll J.:,. , f .' I.!;..~ ~' ~ ~ ~~II G"~:f '1..:';, Yo ~ '-? " ,. '-!!. if. ' .:r. ~ ~ ~

~ "-'1G"~:f~ '~;, 1 :.~i, f ·'wl~~'~!;.:.wl~ . ~JJ Yo ~~.r-' y---- '-!!. if. , ,..:r. ''"

G"~:f ~.t;. '~i, ~ , f ~'" : G"~:f I~. ~ <i, ~ ~' ~-';' ~ '-!'-- . .r- ,_, '-!!..:r. ~ ~ ~ '-?~ft-', .:r. .r:--

. ' .J.;.;.f ~ , I!;.:. . '.::J, 1 G" ~ : P -[;J, \ !;.~ ~ d 1;:' . '.::J, 1 if. .:r. q-'"' Yo ~ '-!'-- ., .:r. ...,::- q-'"' Yo

! -' 'i, ~ ... ~l\ .J.;.;.f . ' ~G.. ~ , ~ !;.~ -t;. '1 G~ ~ '~' 5' 'LA ..p-:- • ,., if. ' "' do ~ Yo i.?~J JJ

Al-Arba'in

~~1.~ ~. '" 8~ b . i ~. (-~'i 8~ ~d:. ~. Cr:.;jl ~~:i r .:r. ~ .- <.I;..:r. r- Yo _.:r. r.-..:.i·· ' ~", .'.h:AJ.' ~ '.' ~.' I' "~I '. '

... '-~ (f ~ 'I ,-, 'I ~ (f .-' ,!...r::; ~ (f

~'l..'. ~I'" I:K;. .. _'- -:.. ... ,~ ~'I ~I"'" ':!..;,.t;. I.:\; ~ JJJ =- ~ 't .,.:r. JJ ~ -,

~:1.~.' ", -' L·. ~'''11 .~!\i ':'t;...,;,f~I'" ':1';"'· r 'I ~ <-r-r ~ ,.J q-'. JJJ? •. J ~

L~~2.QII.:\; ,<~", ·u;cl :(-~ ·.<.·I·"~I' . _, i..SJJ, Y' J ~ . ~.r.::-.:r....r::; U ~ ",,. ..

~'\;';':JI-::':"i;J.~ I::O~t!'~, ',' ~y! '~\i~d:. .,: (f. '~' ~ _, .;9 l:j?.:r. J ~J.r _ ~

, o't 0 0 ,. ..

~. \·"~I~~·I···..4JI~n~··J;';'~~';:·' ··0~ .:r. ...r::; ~ r.- <$'-, // Y /0 'I, (f.r> 'I -8~ .. <~~. ~ ;.~il 8~ " ~. _I.· .. -:·i ~~:i ~ WI ~\::

..r.- .:r. v-- ...s-:e .:r. r-::-- Yo r.- ~ , ..s::-., .." .. .. "'.- .. -; -' ;;; , '0

.~~.?"li r~ ~I ~ ~J.j!JI ~ 0~

This is a sound ~adfth which Ibn I:Iibban narrated thus in

his Sa#~93 and he narrated it at length by another path. The

authors of the four Sunan94 narrated it by way of Ya}:lya ibn

Sulaym and Isma'il ibn Kathlr whose kurryah is Abu Hashim,

and he is trustworthy. This ~adfth was narrated from him

by a group including Sufyan ath-Thawri and Ibn Jurayj.

I read it with a shorter isnad to Fatimah bint al-Manja

from Sulayman ibn I:Iamzah from Mu}:lammad ibn 'Abd

al-Wa}:lid al-MadlnI: Isma'Jl ibn 'All al-I:Iimami informed

us: Abu Muslim ibn 'Isa informed us: al-Fac;:ll ibn Dukayn

narrated to us: Sufyan, and he is ath-ThawrI, narrated to

us from Abu Hisham, and he mentioned something similar.

186

Remaining Isniids

lfadfth36

Al-Arba'fn

1~1~·-1' " .~, ~U:.:~ .' wl~' • :Jj1..L......;;.· l' ~I .' ~ J ~r-J 0, '" J '-?l. .-, '-I:. J ; - , 0

.~t;jlj :;~I:; fij ~1 ~lj.J ~~;. ~~

This is a ghanb bad'ith, and only $adaqah has this exact

account, and he is Ibn 'Abdullah as-Samln, who is weak.

At-TabaranI transmitted it in al-Mujam al-kabfr95 by this

path, in the biography of Mul:lammad ibn an-Nu'man ibn

Bashlr, from his father. He has someone who is not named

in his transmission. Perhaps his name is known from an­

other place. Al-I:Iakim ibn 'Abdullah al-AylI narrated it

from MuJ:!ammad ibn 'All ibn al-I:Iusayn although he dif­

fered from $adaqah in some of the account. The badith "A

man is more entitled to his riding animal" comes via the

path of Qays ibn Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah, Buraydah ibn al-I:Ia~Ib,

Abu Sa'Id al-KhudrI, 'Abdullah ibn I:Ian~alah and others.

The best of them is the badfth of Buraydah which AJ:!mad,

Abu Daw11d and al-I:Iakim narrated.

/fadith 37

~f . f ~ • ~L_1JI 1··": f u~ . , .. ~ ~ , ~I ~ il ..J"' : '-I:. <f. ; - Yo '-F-~ '-I:. 0 ' , cr ,,+, ,? ~

~. ~t;..;..1 I;;'''; ·18''':ft,.J~L..:t. ··W· t_:2'il:W;-·· <f. '-' ~ • Yo ~ ,.,' ; ,. '-F- ~ ~ '-' . 0 ~ 8''':' ~:.~I\ tjl ~. ~,~ il t1 ·18''':f t J..,o'll ,', . ~. ,., '!" . <f.....r--'"' ~ Yo ~ '-?" ~

188

Remaining Isniids __ .,. ~ 0 ~ .... 0'(:,. .. 0 "'- ,. .. 0

.' ~~. ~I ~~ ·'t.;-·I ·.·~~II 'I::: .. '" ~ . ..1.>1'11 'l'-' 0' r Yo .r.>..,,::..r.- ~ '! .rs- 0' " .Y

~ , ~ 8~ .jC;. .' ~" .' J!;.~ ~ . ill I ~ ~_:t ..!.> t,;jl 0' ,- 'l'-..f"-":"'!, 0', . .r.>,~

.J". i':'8~ .,,~.,. '8~ 1'''"~1~'~8~ QI ,Jlrue J r0'~ (.)":';;0' _. '!" .

.. . 'o)L:jll' :'i:: ~I;: .. •. '~tl" ~I.A' i i ~~,!q-- if ~

~ '.~ ~j .• Sd.:. ~~ ~l. '~II ~Ij' .:.; i '!...::.;. ~~ 1.1; }-=' . v c;? '! - v _ ".r' J. --1: v -,

! ,:~q~~~:.:l\ "~'j,;/_;:~il 1,:·q'T~·"'~·l..~ .... -?'*' _ ,-, Jr0' -!o ~ ":r.r r-' J f<-4J ,,-.. ';

~"" "-.;...~I ·.j~~·I~'<Jjilll~~L8Z •. :x .. ,~" J ~ J , <./-, ,,0'.r ,. "~ JJ. <./- c: JJ

,~ ~:l\ I'. ~ S" ~T~' , ! J.;..JI ~L.~: -[;,. '1 j\i' ~.::..jl ~ u.; Ir J? J (.) r-:. Yo J _" , ' ,

~ ~[;,. .>c:..1. SI1lJ .' "I;: .• t .~ .. ~e ~~ C"' li' Ir . J. ,!;. '! ~ ':I:. ,- <./- ; ,~ , , W J

.-;.;11 ~f This is a gharfb ~adfth which at-TirmidhI96 narrated from

Sufyan ibn WakI' from Jumay' at length and specifi­

cally. The name of the unknown man is Yazld ibn 'Amr

at-TamlmI. An-NahdI cited him. There occurs in his trans­

mission "muttaki'an-reclining". Ibn I:Iibban mentioned

'Abdullah in ath-7hiqiit and Jumay' was considered trust­

worthy by al-'IjlI. Abu I:Iatim said, "He is truthful" while

others considered him weak because of being a ShI'ah. We

narrated follow ups to his ~adfth from his shaykh Abu 'All

ibn Shadhan with an isniid whose men are people of the

House [of the Prophet ~].

189

Al-Arba'zn

ljadfth38

This is a ghanb ~adfth which al-BayhaqI97 transmitted by

this path.

19°

Remaining Isniids

,t'l:.J:li ,'''q..L&- " -:~h f~' ,".q~J!;..'. '1U'·-<f iJ!. , ,:r>" J' " ..r. r- <oF. ..r.,:r>" J' '. Y. ~ .... .......... ~' ~WI ~ -..J11 '1 U''':L' ." " J.;..:f ~' ," WI j U'tf ..r. ~, '.;' Y. ~ """':Y. 0 ..r. ~ ~ Y. ,

."~ll 1U''':L t ".::JI -\;:.-~'~ ',::JI~ '1U''':L.::...;.;.'' ~ Y. ~ '-? -!'.r.-' ....r:-..r....,--.-. Y. ~ Yo

, , ...-...-:;; ", .... ;;; " ,,-' 0.. "

:; ,.:;..~~.;. Ct;.::..JI 8~,~';' \!;.! 8~ ,~[;JI ~¥t;ll

" " , f ' , ~., , "(:~ , illl " ,,,' , .. ~~ ~ ~ ~. J" 'I-...r-.. '1-, +.->- 'I-..r-s-

'I'" 8.':JI(' , ~" 'QI d~~~' ~ ~" 1<' • J.)J ~' ~ -4; '-:" ~ .:r. C' ~ ~.;A> '-:"-'.-t' ~-:\>- J.A

~J II~UI ~~»~) ~j~ ~8. ~I I~ ~.;. ~:; ~.;IlJI .... .. .... .. ..

Al-Arba'in

Remaining [sniids , 0 .... 0 /. ,,. ~ '" 0 -;,

<. ' .'~ 'I ~' '~II '1 <.' '\::.:.:..11 ....,t.,;.'1\...:s. .' ~I ~' J!.;.~ r' 1..?-dY:C- 0' s.-r' Y. r' 1..?-dY. - ; .Y" 0 0'

,"d'<-<L; "',' , ",,~,t (-'II·I;:.'~<: i'I~"'.", ~1j.A·r) ~~~...\JJI..?r-..,r:-Y. r'~.:r.~Y.

~ljJ ~i ~ '.{~.:.i ~ ~~~I cJ.;-:Jj ,~t;...;, §~ ~ ~~~~ ~ .~I;,f~.1.w .~~I ~ .:J6\.. I J" ~"

This is a gharfb &adith which ~abbai:J. ibn Mui:J.arib alone has

with this isniid. Ad-Dariml narrated it from Mui:J.ammad

ibn J:Iumayd with this isniid without his words "to misguide

people". It is a gharfb addition. We also narrated it without

the addition in the Juz' of Abu 'Umar ibn Nujayd by way

of'Abd as-Salam ibn 'A~im from a~-~abbai:J.. This addition

is also narrated from the &adith of Ibn Mas'ud, J:Iudhayfah

ibn al-Yaman, and al-Bara' ibn 'Azib, about those isniids

things have been said in criticism.

Some of the people of ignorance who permit the for­

gery of i:J.adHh about virtuous actions, from among the

Karamiyyah and others, comment on it by saying, "The

liim98 is in order to assign a cause [to their taking their seat

in the Fire ]'''99 According to this 'the one who intended to

mislead people' is the only one included in the aforemen­

tioned threat. This assigning of a cause is false, because

that which is recommended (mandub) is one of the legal cat­

egories.lOo If someone ascribes a reward to an action, it is

193

Al-Arba''in

ascribing to Allah Ii and to His Messenger j! that which

they did not say. This is part of misguidance.

This addition, if it is assumed to be sound, can have two

meanings: one is that the liim is simply used for stress, and

nothing else. This answer was transmitted from at-Tai:lawl.

He said, "It is like His words, exalted is He, 'Who could do

greater wrong that someone who invents lies against Allah, thus (Ii)

leading people astrtry without any knowledge?' (6:144) So it is in­

venting lies against Allah Ii which is absolutely forbidden,

whether misguidance is intended by it or not. The second

meaning is that the liim indicates consequence and becom­

ing, i.e. the end of this liar and his becoming is going astray.

It is like His words, exalted is He, 'The family rf Pharaoh

picked him up so that (Ii) he might be an enemy and a source rfgriif

to them.' (28:8). They did not pick him up for that, but the

end of their affair was that he became thus."

The basis of the ~adith without the aforementioned

addition is agreed upon by al-BukharI and Muslim from

the transmission of 'All, 101 Abu Hurayrah,102 Anas, 103

and al-Mughlrah!04 AI-BukharI transmitted it by way of

az-Zubayr,105 Salamah ibn al-Akwa',106 and Ibn 'Amr ibn

al-'A~;107 and Muslim from the ~adith of Abu Sa'Id;108 and

at-TirmidhI and Ibn Majah 109 from the ~adith ofIbn Mas'ud.

Ibn Majah also has it from the ~adith of jabirllO and Abu

Qatadah,lll Al;lmad from the ~adith of'Uthman, 112 Zayd ibn

194

Remaining Isnads

Arqam,1l3 'Abdullah ibn 'Arnr and Wathilah ibn al-Asqa'.1l4

All these paths meet the preconditions of the Sabrb. We have narrated it with good isnads which are au­

thoritative: from badfth of Tall:Iah ibn 'Ubaydullah, Sa'Id

ibn Zayd, 'Uqbah ibn 'Amir, Salman al-FarisI, 'Imran ibn

J::Iu~ayn, Khalid ibn 'Arfatah, Tariq al-Ashja'I, 'Abdullah

ibn 'Abbas, as-Sa'ib ibn Yazld, Abu Umamah, Abu

Qur~afah, and 'A'ishah.

We have narrated it by weak paths from about fifty

Companions besides those mentioned. A group of the buffiiz

compiled its paths. Among the oldest of them is Ibrahim

ibn Isl:Iaq al-J::IarbI, then Abu Bakr ibn Mardawayh, then

Abu al-Q?sim ibn Mandah, then Mul:Iammad ibn Al:Imad

ibn 'Abd al-Wal:Ihab an-NaysaburI, then Abu al-Faraj ibn

al-:JawzI, then Yusuf ibn Khalil, then Abu 'All al-Bakrt It

can be gathered from the totality of what these compilers

mentioned [about the transmission paths of this l:IadIth]

is that its [numbers] exceed a hundred Companions 4. An-NawawI narrated in the commentary on Muslim that

two hundred Companions narrated it. Allah knows best.

195

Al-Arba'fn

Jfadfth 40

..:s. ~,Jl!.;..:' <-~ '1 ~I ,·-:f ..... tk.ll .' "J .' wl..:s. :' ,..:r. r Y., ...,:.r.>; <./ ~ <./, ,. (f

:J'[.i..;' ~~\., ~ '·w· t ·LlJI ,'J.'.' .:II..:s. .' . ·1<11 ,~ ~ ; ,. ...,:. fi:-~ I.f" yo <./.t--!'"' ,. <./ ~~ J'

0i ~f S'tS;.JI 4i 0f ~L1J.:,:;. ~:;. ~ ~ ~-' J:i- rs) t "II ."~II ·'J;;.~~'~:~~-:f,J-:f ~I ·'wl..:s. ...p';J' q::-'"' <./ ,.:r. r.> r-'" r.> <.J" <./". ~I ~I;:' '1·'u.:: IIJt;;I~-:f~J..UI ·'·:lI..:s.~ '~'J~-:f

• '-:f:" Y. 'F.r- i ~ r.> .' .t--!'"' ,..:r. Yo r.>

~-:Lt WI l;;':~' ·~I~ ."~II 1~-:,t;kl1 'I;:'~' r.>..,,-:~ • .:r. .J} . q::-'"' Y. r.> (L '-:f:" .:r. '<"J'J'I"I~-:f t '.LJI " '<"""'f'1 </-~ .:Y. ~.r.~ r.> ''-?~r-:'"' ~ </-~ .:Y. J...>. Y.

:',' f~-:L~~~'wl~8J.;., ~1~'~l'~~-:LSt:i;. (f ~ r.> • .:r.,.. ~ . .:r.r-:-- r.> .

. . . ~f ~.?.; ~I ~ ';~j'; -;:;:. ';H"~ .. / ,........ '" /

~f ).1 i--' ~ d ~ -' J.i -' .Illi t! ' : ~I-,) ~ ~~ 11;

0i ~ 0f ~.wl :;. ~)ll '-!'} J:i- ilj-, ,:;;:-)~ ~~I 11; ~ ]~'Jo'. ''::'11 ~~-:L I~"_II~' '~II 1~-:f,J-:f I'''~I

yo-- q-- Y. r.> c..;-::--.:r. ~r Y. r.> r-'" r.> (.f.:'; ~ ,. 4 ..... __ , /. 0"'" ..... 0 .It 0t", , 0

" '18.:1;:.,"· 'I ~ - . i.~\.kJI ~ I;:'. 'rl ~ - . I ,~8' JL!.;JI [ .J ~Y. ry. r.> '-:f:"Y. r.> ., ,

~j] ~~ 0-! ~I ~ ~;;f ,S~ 0-! ~I ~;;f ,SLi.~ 0-!

This is a sound ~adfth which Muslim1l5 narrated thus. We

have it from another path with this text which is two de­

grees shorter. I read it to Abu al-Faraj ibn al-Ghazl that

196

Remaining Isnads

'All ibn Isma'il informed them: Abu al-Faraj ibn a~-~ayqal

informed us: Abu al-I,Iasan Mas'ud al-I,Iammal informed

us in writing: Abu 'All al-I,Iaddad informed us: Abu

Nu'aym informed us: Abu 'Umar ibn I,Iamdan informed

us: al-I,Iasan ibn Sufyan informed us: 'Ubaydullah ibn

Mu'adh informed us, and he mentioned the like of it.

lJadfth 41

.' ~ .' --' ~' (-~ '1 ,.- :bj.)Q\ \' ~.' ill\ ~ ~' 'I ' 'I r ..:r. r- Yo '-:Fr.>" ". ;;.) <.{'. 'I, ,. if ~J.;..~L" ~ '-~\'-! '_i\':! <.::J\ill\~ .", \,,\ . ~ -- '-:F fi;. '-? ~ r-' '-? r-'"', , 'I ~ f.~

Al-Arba'fn

I :;;-~ '1'- 'I':::.r -' t..' ". "1'1""" ", 'I~' , ~ ..r'~ .:r. ~ <Y-r ~ 't"f':.:r. • J.J ,J-> ~-:!> ...LA '" .......... ;' .....

.......... ,. ,. ,. 0 ..... ..... 0 ... • ..

'-'. -- 'I· 'I .' • I:-=--II -G....:.I '.' l·lSJI .' ~ ~ 'I ~I'" c: ~ ~ '-!':- 0 if''';:.r-' '-' ~ (f q-; ~ -?' do J.JJ

~~ ~:; ~~Jllj";;' y';'':';':' y.:;~; 0;1 ~Ij) ,1~8

~;;j ...r"J\1';1 y.l;?J~ ::s~JlI J~ ~L.:JI'; ~\1;.:;;..;.:; ..... '" ,...."" ..... ,..... , .....

'\1;..'" --JIl~/"'~'<-J'~'!" [;. 'I' '\1" .:r. ~ ~-:!> ~ • ~ J" ~.J"'-' J ~ Y ...r". .:r. (f...r" J (f "" .......... "' .......... '"

;'';'j J.;J:; ~\1;.:; ~Ij) ~f -J :~~ 0;1 J~j .~I ~L.:JI til..... '" ...

,~~ fi ~~ :J~ ~~ ~I) :) ~8j):Ii j .~I ';f .;. ..;;. ~ j ~ ~~ t(I ci~j,~ ~ ~ ~ ~L.:JI';' ~\1;.:; ,~-!.;!JI S~ ~~ • '!1I0~:'J":'\I'~t..: ~~I~':L,Jt..:.;.~'~1 -?-!.P - (f J.r-"-' J ---.J;'" ~ I-' .? do ,

~1~~I'''I' I~'!" '''r -..J.JJ.\3~y This is a basan badtth which Ibn I:Iibbanll6 narrated by way

of FU9ayl ibn 'Iya9. Ibn 'AdI narrated it in al-Kamil from

IsJ:!aq al-Khuza'I from Abu 'Umar and we have its equiva­

lent. Ibn Khuzaymahll7 narrated it from Yusuf ibn Musa,

and at-TirmidhIIl8 from Qutaybah, both of them fromjarIr

from 'Ara' ibn as-Sa'ib. At-TirmidhI said, "It is narrated

from Ibn Tawus and others from Tawus from Ibn 'Abbas as

a mawqiif and we do not know it as mmfo' except the badfth

of 'Ara' ibn as-Sa'ib." Ibn 'AdI said, "I do not know that

he narrated it from 'Ata' from FU9ayl,jarIr, and Musa ibn

A'yan." We narrated it in al-Fawa'id by Samawayhll9 : He

Ig8

Remaining Isniids

said: Abu I:Iudhayfah narrated to us: Sufyan ath-Thawrt

informed us from 'Ata' ibn as-Sa'ib as a maifii', and Abu

I:Iudhayfah 'Abd a~-~amad ibn I:Iassan followed it up;

al-I:Iakim120 transmitted it by his path. What is known from

Sufyan ath-ThawrI is mawquj Allah knows best.

/fadfth 42

199

Al-Arba'in

.~f Wlj ,t.;.s ~! &j '~~I «~r:'11 ~Ij ~f r-Jlj j~1 This is a sa4i4 4adith whose soundness is agreed upon.

Al-Bukhari121 and Muslim122 both narrated it from 'Umar

ibn I:Iaf~ ibn Ghiyath from his father from al-A'mash. Ibn

Khuzaymah123 narrated it in his Sa4i4 from Abu Sa'id

al-Ashajj I:Iaf~ ibn Ghiyath by way of al-Aswad alone. The

4adith has paths of transmission from 'A'ishah, and that

which I do not acknowledge was narrated by Abu Dharr

who reported from the Prophet. who said: "The prayer

is broken by donkeys, women and black dogs when there is

nothing in front of him like the end of the saddle." It is said

that the 4adith is abrogated, and Allah knows best.

lfadith 34

200

Remaining Isnads

This is a sa~f~ ~adfth whose soundness is agreed upon.

Muslim124 transmitted it from Abu ar-RabI' with support-

201

Al-Arba'zn

ing agreement. Al-BukharI125 narrated it from MuJ:tammad

ibn Khalid ibn Wahb ibn 'Atiyyah from MuJ:tammad ibn

I:Iarb. He said, "'Abdullah ibn Salim followed it up from

az-ZubaydI." 'AqIl said, "It is mursal from az-Zuhrt from

'Urwah." MuJ:tammad ibn Khalid is the shaykh of al-BukharI.

It is said that it is MuJ:tammad ibn Khalid ibn KhalI al-I:Iim~I.

It is said that he is MuJ:tammad ibn YaJ:tya ibn 'Abdullah

ibn Khalid adh-DhuhlI, ascribed to his father's grandfa­

ther. The first is more correct. I clarified the two paths of

'Abdullah ibn Salim and 'AqIl in my book, Taghliq at-ta'liq.

"Suf'ah" is a light black mark. "Na;rah" is being afflicted

by the evil eye. It is said that it produces the dark mark on

the face. The root of suf'ah means "to seize" and being af­

flicted by the evil eye is described as seizure because it is

from the seizing by Shay tan. The &adfth contains evidence

for the permissibility for using a ruqyah. Allah knows best.

Jfadfth 44

~ . -W~ ~-' ~tl u:.JJJ1 ~ .' ~ ~. j!.;..~ t1'1' ·--:t ,- '-f';- f2i..p.~ ,-, ,. 0, do -t Yo '-f';-.r.>

~ ~. ill I j:; 8'--:i ,0L.- .' "\::, ~. ,. 1"I8'--:t ", !;... ,. do, ..r.> , 0 -r- do ~.r.~ .r.> ~ y . ;

Gt "0 J."...o. S 0.$""';;; 0. 8'--'1,' . ·,'Ii.)·'·' ~. illl ~ WI ',8'--'1 ,.J~ .' ..l>n .r.> '-i~ r. .Y'-" do / . / ~ Yo.r.> 0 / / Y

.' //' ~ d I:: . / .:JI '18'--:1. ~ ··...JI /' / ~. ~., -.)1.;.'1 o ~ do -r- y--'"' Yo .r.> ..p. / ~ do j ~/ Yo

202

Remaining Isnads

8~ '~~I ~ .;. ~ ;.;.~ 0-;;;';' ~WI Y.t ~L;.]I 8~ ,~ o "' ..... .0; • ,t:..... ,..- " 0..... 0" ,

,~~ 0-; ~ l;j~ '4!l; J. ~ 8j;. '~I~I.J~ 0-; I:: " 'I '~""I" w'~' '1' '\'",L.;...;..I' ," '."'" ~ </- 0).70 ~ :r' ,~J yJ </- u.;; !:-,..rJ"' </- <-r-~:r

... ~]~~y

'1J ~ ~! ~~ ~ ~IJJ ~ '1 ~ ~~ IJA :~;.;. J~ , 'I " .' "", .~ 'I .' """ ~ i~ ~t.~ ,71 :,' , .:r. yo ~~ ~~......., ~ .Y.~J :..:...u ~~ ~ :r . G..' 'I ,,<~, "'~' ",' 'I ,', ""711 'illl " , ,', 't" do 0.r)J,o~J~.r:-.:r. <:.s-!.SJJ#/ </-' ¥</-..rj'

,.. .......... t ,. 0 ..... !It ",.. ,... : I',' .. l&.: I'''~:;'' 'I 'I . ~r ,..;.,lA!l1 ~ ~' 81 w ,. u.:;J r- <..1= .70 ~ t"" <-F ' J, ~ ~ ,. <-F

, , 0,\; 0 /. 0' "a;" a 0 -' 0

~ ~IJ~?)I;; ~y Y.lJ '9 r-:-I;';I J~IJ '.!.J~!;JI

~Cw .. ~' ~I" .!..;.~.hi;' ,~d' ~LI-":' ': ~'illl " JJ __ J __ . n' J" . Jft-" ~ If. , , , -

~", ~ l' ~1 ~", 'I ' , "illl " "",,~, Gi .' l.. ' 0).70 , __ 0) .70 ~ </-~ J, ¥ </- <,} y :r 0)' <-r-..r ~

.;. ~ ;.;.~~} ~ ~~\J:) &~~I ~IJJJ '~f.;J1 ~ J. ~ 8 ,. 0 ,0,.:;; " 0,

'" " ·'.!..l.4lI"':;'·· '~II ~'w' • -'~II ;;.u, ~' ·t;.,.:,1 JrJ r.;r: " "J ~r J J ~ :r ~ ~

i;:..:; J~ 'k ,~ '<~ .: ~~:; " , 1 ~' :,1< ., ,~~ 'I ,:. ' ...r- ,"' " J ,.r r-',~ .70 ~ :r ('"!"'"" c..I~ y-::'.;r:

;S-I ~;..~ ~ '~y'~l;ji ~b ~0lJ1 J ~~IJ :J~ ,~:;;,.:r]

203

Al-Arba'zn

J:Iamzah said, "This is a ~asan ~adfth. We know of no-one who

narrated from ~udayq except J:Iaf~ and no-one who narrated

from J:Iaf~ except Mukhallad." I say that ~udayq, with a u

on the ~iid, the diminutive of ~idq, is ibn Musa ibn 'Abdullah

ibn az-Zubayr. IbnJurayj and others narrated from him. Ibn

J:Iibban mentioned him in the generation of the Followers in

ath-Yhiqiit. There is disagreement about Abu Burdah's name.

It is said that it is 'Amir and it is also said that it was al-J:Iarith.

What is well known is that his name was the same as his

kunyah. Abu Musa is al-Ash'arI. His name was 'Abdullah ibn

Qays and he is known by both his name and his kunyah.

Muslim126 narrated this ~adfth in meaning by way

of Qatadah from 'Awn ibn 'Abdullah and Sa'Id ibn AbI

Burdah who both listened to Burdah inform 'Umar ibn

'Abd al-'Azlz about it. Al-BukharI narrated it in his History

by way of Mul:J.ammad ibn Isl:J.aq from Tall:J.ah at-TaymI,

'Umarah al-QurashI, 'Abd aI-Malik ibn 'Umayr, and 'Amr

ibn Qays as-SakunI, all of them from Abu Burdah. Then

he mentioned its defects and the disagreement in it about

Abu Burdah. He said, "The ~adfth is about intercession and

people who will be punished. Most of them will be taken

out." I say that it is possible for this to be about the ~adfth of

intercession specifically, and so it is possible that the pun­

ished group of the disobedient do not obtain this ransom at

all. Allah knows best.

204

ENDNOTES

This section has mainly been written using the article, Khalid Alavi, 'A

Brief Survey of A rbii 'fn Literature', Islamic Studies (Islamabad), 23:2, '984.

As-Suyu!i, Dhayl Tabaqat al-ljuffa;. 3 'Abd al-'Azlz ad-Dihlawl, Akram Nadwi, Aisha Bewli, The Garden qf the

Hadith Scholars, (London: Turath Publishing, 2007), pp. 270-71.

4 A\:lmad (2/160) 5 At-Tirmidhl (1924) 6 Al-Bukharl (6689)

7 Muslim (3/1516)

8 At-TirmidhI(1647l

9 A\:lmad (5/290) 10 Hence ablution is wajib in tawa[ and the tabiyyat al-masjid al-baram is done

through lawaj 11 !'tibar is a technical \.ladlth term which refers to the process of corroboration

either through follow ups (mutaba'a) or witness (shahid). A \.ladlth might be weak on its own but still can be used to provide corroborative information

for other \.ladlths which fall short of ,ahfh. It should be noted that not all weak \.ladlths by default can function as corroboration. Some of them are

too weak to even be considered (i'tibiir) for corroboration. Imam Ibn I;Iajar discusses this further on in the text. And Allah knows best.

12 Musub is either the main or middle part of a road, or an old worn out

garment.

Al-Arba'in

13 There are puns in this line on the three disciplines of Arabic rhetoric ('11m al-Balagha) they are 'ilm al-Ma'ani (word orders and meanings), 'ilm

al-Bayan (fiqures of speech) and 'ilm aI-Bad! (embellishmensts).

14 Verses in al-MuJam al-Mu'assas by Ibn f,Iajar (1/376-377).

15 The meeting of the narrators.

16 i\l:lmad (no. 10) 17 Ibn f,Iibban (950)

18 AI-Bazzar (24)

19 Muslim (228)

20 AI-Bukharl (5616)

21 An-Nasa'i (1/84, 85)

22 Al-Bukhari (46,1891,2678,6956)

23 Abu Dawiid (391)

24 An-Nasa'i (4/121)

25 Muwatla'(1175) 26 There seems to be an editorial mistake in the Arabic edition of the

manuscript here. This J:>adith is reported by Imam at-Tirmidhi starting from the isnad Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj. However the editor of the Arabic manuscript gives the name of Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj's student as 'Abd al­

Jabbar ibn Muhammad ibn '!sa ibn Sawda at-Tirmidhi. Imam at-Tirmidhi

definitely did not have a grandson called 'Abd al:Jabbar who narrates this J:>adith from his (at-Tirmidhi's teacher) al-Ashajj. Neither was Imam at­Tirmidhi's grandfather called 'Sawda'. His name was Sawra. And Allah knows best.

27 At-Tirmidhi (1692,3739)

28 AI-f,Iakim (3/25,373-374)

29 An-Nasa'i in 'Amal al:Jawm (152)

30 AJ:>mad (1/187, 188, 189)

31 Muslim (2698)

32 At-Tirmidhi (3463)

33 Ibn f,Iibban (822)

34 At-Tirmidhi (3841)

35 Abu Ya'la (969)

36 i\l:lmad (1/187, 188, 189)

37 Ibn f,Iibban (6957)

206

38 Al-Bukhari (3'4')

39 Muslim (1752)

40 This is our translation. See previous note.

Endnotes

4' The printed copy has sidiid, for which I can find no source, but in Mashariq al-anwar by Q!i<;li 'Iya<;l he gives the meaning of siwiid as sirar a synonym for

siTT a secret. But the commentaries on the I,tadltb itself give its meaning as

sawad a person.

42 Ad-Darimi (2102)

43 Ibn Majab (4049)

44 Al,tmad (5/354-359)

45 Ibn I:Iibban (3179) 46 Abu Dawiid (5242)

47 Ibn Kbuzaymah (1226)

48 Muslim (720)

49 Abu Dawiid (4844)

50 Al,tmad (4/102,103)

5' Muslim (55)

52 An-Nasa'! (7/156-157)

53 Abu 'Awanah (1/37)

54 At-Tirmidhi (3292)

55 Ibn Majah (1856)

56 Ibn I:Iibban (2451)

57 Ibn Majah (3826)

58 Al-Tabarani in al-Kahzr (vol, 4, no, 3565) by way of Mul,tammad ibn Ma'n

59 Abu Dawiid (24'3)

60 Ibn Kbuzaymah (204')

6, Abu Dawiid (2622)

62 Al,tmad (5131) 63 Al-Tabarani in al-Kabir (5303-5305) 64 Al-Tabaran! in O{-$aghir (661)

65 Ibn Majab (839)

66 Abu Dawud (1551)

67 At-Tirmidhl (3492)

68 AJ-Bukhari, al-Adab al-mufrad (562)

69 An-Nasa'! (B/255, 256, 259, 260)

Al-Arba'in

70 AJ.>mad (6/16)

71 Ibn Majah (3738)

72 A\-Tabaranl in al-Mu'jam al-kahzr (7297) 73 Al-Bukharj in at-Tiirfkh al-kabfr (2/389)

74 Al-Bazzar (1269)

75 Ad-Daraqu\nj (1/148-149)

76 Ibn J::Iibban (1018)

77 Al-Bukharl (2339,2346,4120)

78 Muslim (1548)

79 Ibn J::Iibban (7/313)

80 Al-Bukharj (240, 520, 2934, 3185, 3854, 3960)

81 Muslim (1794)

82 Ibn Khuzaymah (875)

83 Abu Dawiid (1749)

84 Abu Dawiid (423)

85 AI-J::Iakim (1/199)

86 Ibn J::Iibban (1732)

87 AJ.>mad (5/27, 28)

88 Abu Dawiid (2432)

89 An-Nasa'j (4/224-225)

90 Ibn Majah (1707)

91 Al-Bukharj (1814, 1815, 1817, 1818, 4159, 4190, 4191, 5665, 4703, 6708),

Muslim (1201)

92 An-Nasa'j (5/194-195)

93 Ibn J::Iibban (1084)

94 Abu Dawiid (142, 2366), Ibn Majah (407), an-Nasa'i in al-Kubra (113, 134),

and at-Tirmidhj (782)

95 A\-Tabaranj in al-Mu'jam al-kabfr (vol. 22, no. 1020)

96 At-Tirmidhl in ash-Shamii'il(8, 226, 337, 352)

97 Al-Bayhaqj in Shu'ab al-fman (4950) 98 The lam in "to (H) misguide people". 99 Thus meaning that the reason they take their seat in the Fire is because

they forged I)adlth "to (hj misguide people" not merely because they forged I)adnh since such people consider it valid to forge I)adlth in praise of good actions.

208

Endnotes

100 The legal categories being,Jar¢ (obligatory), mandub (recommended), mu­

baJ; (permissible), makrUh (disliked) and &aram (prohibited), with the two

added additions of waJib (necessary) and makrUh ta&rimi (grossly disliked)

in the J::IanafI school

101 AI-BukharI (106), Muslim (1/7)

102 AI-BukharI (110, 5844), Muslim (2266)

103 AI-BukharI (110), Muslim (1/7)

104 AI-BukharI (1229), Muslim (4, 933) 105 AI-BukharI (107) 106 AI-BukharI (109)

107 AI-Bukhart (3274) 108 Muslim (3004) 109 At-TirmidhI (2796), Ibn Majah (30)

110 Ibn Majah (33)

111 Ibn Majah (35)

112 AJ.>mad (469, 507)

"3 AJ.>mad (4/367)

"4 AJ.>mad (4/107, 4/490-491) "5 Muslim (16) 116 Ibn J::Iibban (998)

117 Ibn Khuzaymah (2739) 118 At-TirmidhI (960) "9 Imam Samawayh, Abu Bishr Isma'II ibn 'Abdillah al-'AbdI al-A~bahanI

(d. 267/880)

120 AI-J::Iakim (1/459, 2/267) 121 Al-BukharI (5"-512) 122 Muslim (512)

123 Ibn Khuzaymah (825-826)

124 Muslim (5197)

125 AI-BukharI (5739) 126 Muslim (2767)

209