Typhoid Mary

11
Reading Comprehension—Nonfiction 2 © Saddleback Educational Publishing • www.sdlback.com NAME _________________________________________ DATE ____________________________ 95 Typhoid Mary Sick people are usually treated kindly. We try to heal them and ease their troubles. There was a time, however, when certain illnesses were dealt with as crimes. That’s what happened in the case of Mary Mallon, remembered by history as “Typhoid Mary.” From 1900 to 1910, typhoid fever was a leading cause of death in the United States. Doctors knew it was caused by bacteria, and they knew the bacteria could spread. They just didn’t know how to stop it. That lack of knowledge and the many fatalities caused widespread fear. Typhoid fever presented a special problem. The bacteria—salmonella typhi —was picked up through direct contact not only with someone who was sick, but also with someone who had recovered. Seemingly healthy people could be carrying the germ and still pass it on. They often spread the disease by handling food. Mary Mallon immigrated to New York from Ireland. She is the first known typhoid carrier in the United States. When Mary recovered from her illness, she still carried the bacteria. To make the problem worse, Mary was a cook! A New York health worker, George Soper, was assigned to the case. He traced several outbreaks of the disease to Mary. She had been working for a Long Island family. Several members of the household had contracted the disease. Poor Mary panicked and fled. She didn’t understand the situation. So she took a false name and continued to hire out as a cook. Others fell ill—but Mary, feeling healthy herself, couldn’t see how she could be spreading disease. In fact, Mary Mallon is believed to have infected at least 53 people with typhoid fever. Three of these people died of the disease. The authorities declared Mary a threat to public health. When they tracked her down, they arrested her. She was imprisoned in a New York hospital. Mary Mallon remained there until her death more than 20 years later. “TYPHOID MARYThe extraordinary predicament of Mary Mallon, a prisoner in New York’s quarantine ward.

Transcript of Typhoid Mary

Reading Comprehension—Nonfiction 2��t�ª�4BEEMFCBDL�&EVDBUJPOBM�1VCMJTIJOH�t�XXX�TEMCBDL�DPN

NAME _________________________________________ DATE ____________________________

95

Typhoid Mary

Sick people are usually treated kindly. We try to heal them and ease their troubles. There was a time, however, when certain illnesses were dealt with as DSJNFT��5IBU�T�XIBU�IBQQFOFE�JO�UIF�DBTF�PG�.BSZ�.BMMPO �SFNFNCFSFE�CZ�IJTUPSZ�BT�i5ZQIPJE�.BSZ�w

From 1900 to 1910, typhoid fever was a leading cause of death in the United States. Doctors knew it was caused by bacteria, and they knew the bacteria DPVME�TQSFBE��5IFZ�KVTU�EJEO�U�LOPX�IPX�to stop it. That lack of knowledge and the many fatalities caused widespread fear.

Typhoid fever presented a special problem. The bacteria—salmonella typhi—was picked up through direct contact not only with someone who was sick, but also with someone who had recovered. Seemingly healthy people could be carrying the germ and still pass it on. They often spread the disease by handling food.

.BSZ�.BMMPO� JNNJHSBUFE� UP�/FX�York from Ireland. She is the first known typhoid carrier in the United States. 8IFO�.BSZ�SFDPWFSFE� GSPN�IFS� JMMOFTT �she still carried the bacteria. To make the QSPCMFN�XPSTF �.BSZ�XBT�B�DPPL��"�/FX�:PSL�IFBMUI�XPSLFS �(FPSHF�4PQFS �XBT�assigned to the case. He traced several PVUCSFBLT�PG�UIF�EJTFBTF�UP�.BSZ��4IF�IBE�been working for a Long Island family.

Several members of the household had contracted the disease.

1PPS�.BSZ� QBOJDLFE� BOE�nFE�� 4IF�EJEO�U�VOEFSTUBOE�UIF�TJUVBUJPO��4P�TIF�took a false name and continued to hire PVU�BT�B�DPPL��0UIFST�GFMM�JMM�CVU�.BSZ �GFFMJOH�IFBMUIZ�IFSTFMG �DPVMEO�U�TFF�IPX�she could be spreading disease. In fact, .BSZ�.BMMPO�JT�CFMJFWFE�UP�IBWF�JOGFDUFE�at least 53 people with typhoid fever. Three of these people died of the disease.

5IF� BVUIPSJUJFT� EFDMBSFE� .BSZ�a threat to public health. When they tracked her down, they arrested her. She was imprisoned in a New York hospital. .BSZ�.BMMPO� SFNBJOFE� UIFSF�VOUJM� IFS�death more than 20 years later.

“TYPHOID MARY”The extraordinary

QSFEJDBNFOU�PG�.BSZ�.BMMPO �B�QSJTPOFS�

JO�/FX�:PSL�T� quarantine ward.

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 95 10/25/12 4:47 PM

Reading Comprehension—Nonfiction 2�t�ª�4BEEMFCBDL�&EVDBUJPOBM�1VCMJTIJOH�t�XXX�TEMCBDL�DPN

NAME _________________________________________ DATE ____________________________

96

Typhoid Mary (page 2)

COMPREHENSION: Circle a letter.

1. Typhoid Mary was a a. battleship. b. cook from Ireland. c. New York health worker.

2. Typhoid is a a. contagious disease. b. Irish stew. c. New York prison.

���� .BSZ�.BMMPO�XBT�JNQSJTPOFE� because she

a. poisoned a family.� C�� DBNF�UP�"NFSJDB�JMMFHBMMZ� c. continued to spread typhoid.

���� 'JOBMMZ �.BSZ�.BMMPO a. died in prison. b. returned to her cooking job. c. returned to Ireland.

NOTING DETAILS

1. During what years was typhoid fever B�MFBEJOH�DBVTF�PG�EFBUI�JO�"NFSJDB

� � t�@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

2. What is the scientific name of the typhoid bacteria?

� � t�@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

3. Who traced the outbreak of typhoid GFWFS�UP�.BSZ�.BMMPO

� � t�@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

____________________________________

���� )PX�NBOZ�QFPQMF�JT�.BSZ�UIPVHIU�UP�have infected?

� � t�@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

SYNONYMS: Draw a line to make each match.

1. sympathy a. caught

2. contracted b. deaths

3. bacteria c. germ

4. fatalities d. understanding

5. threat e. danger

AUTHOR’S VIEWPOINT

3FSFBE�UIF�GPMMPXJOH�MJOF�GSPN�UIF�BSUJDMF�

Poor Mary panicked and fled.

1. How do you think the author feels BCPVU�.BSZ�BOE�IFS�TJUVBUJPO

� � t�@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

____________________________________

2. What makes you think so?

� � t�@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

____________________________________

WORD ANALYSIS

1. The prefix im- can mean “not” or it can mean “in, into.” What does im- mean in the word imprisoned?

� � t�@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

2. Write another word from the article that has the prefix im-. What does this word mean?

� � t�@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@� �t�@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

___________________________________

PICK A PROJECT: Work on the back of this sheet.

t Check an encyclopedia to find out how UZQIPJE�GFWFS�JT�USFBUFE�UPEBZ��3FQPSU�your findings.

t What disease causes panic and great fear today? Why is this illness so frightening?

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 96 10/25/12 4:47 PM

ANSWER KEY

AGAINST THE ODDS: ATHLETES WHO WOULDN’T QUIT, page 1

COMPREHENSION

���B �D������C������CNOTING DETAILS

���DBODFS������BDUPS������SVOOFS��� ���TJMWFS�NFEBM������þBTIJOH�MJHIUCHARACTER STUDY

DPVSBHFPVT �BENJSBCMF �EFUFSNJOFE �BUIMFUJDLOOK IT UP!

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFST� obstacle:�TPNFUIJOH�UIBU�IJOEFST �TUBOET�JO�UIF�

XBZ�PG �PS�EFUFST�QBTTBHF�PS�QSPHSFTT grueling:�EFNBOEJOH�BOE�FYIBVTUJOHVOCABULARY

���NFUFS������FQJEFNJDSYNONYMS OR ANTONYMS?

���4������"������4������"

FINGERPRINTS, page 3COMPREHENSION

���JEFOUJGZ������EJGGFSFOU������MPPQ������1PMJDF�PGýDFSTNOTING DETAILS

���MPPQ �XIPSM �BSDI������BDDJEFOUBM������ESJOLJOH�HMBTT �OFXTQBQFS �TUJDLZ�UBQF �QPXEFS �NBHOJGZJOH�HMBTT �CMBDL�QBQFSPUTTING STEPS IN ORDER

���D������B������CSYNONYMS

���D������F������B������C������EDRAWING CONCLUSIONS

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFS��CFDBVTF�FWFSZ�QFSTPO�T� ýOHFSQSJOUT�BSF�EJGGFSFOU

HUMMINGBIRDS: FASCINATING FEATHERED FRIENDS, page 3

COMPREHENSION

���:������:������/������/������:������/NOTING DETAILS

���JOTFDUT �þPXFS�OFDUBS��������������GSPN�UIF� TPVOE�JUT�XJOHT�NBLF������SFE �CFDBVTF�IVNNJOHCJSET�BSF�BUUSBDUFE�UP�UIBU�DPMPSCOMPARE AND CONTRAST

���C �E������B �DMAKING INFERENCES

���5������5������'������5SYNONYMS

���G������D������F������C������E������B

POK-A-TOK: MAYAN SPORT OF THE GODS, page 7

COMPREHENSION

���'������'������5������'������5NOTING DETAILS

���:VDBUBO�JO�TPVUIFSO�.FYJDP �$FOUSBM�"NFSJDB��� ���IBOET �GFFU������IFMNFUT �QBET��� ���TPMJE�SVCCFS�CBMM �TUPOF�SJOHYOUR OPINION, PLEASE

1SPCBCMF�BOTXFS��CBTLFUCBMM �CFDBVTF�UFBNT�DPNQFUF�UP�HFU�B�CBMM�UISPVHI�B�IPPQ��PS�TPDDFS �CFDBVTF�PG�VTJOH�EJGGFSFOU�CPEZ�QBSUT�UP�NPWF� the ballSYNONYMS

���E������F������C������B������DANTONYMS

���FWJM������BODJFOU������SFXBSEFE������.JOPSLOOK IT UP!

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFS� hieroglyphics:�B�TZTUFN�PG�XSJUJOH�UIBU�VTFT�

QJDUPSJBM�TZNCPMT�UP�SFQSFTFOU�XPSET�PS�TPVOET

MIRANDA RIGHTS: YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO REMAIN SILENT, page 9

COMPREHENSION

���B������C������BSUPPORTING DETAILS

���$IJFG�+VTUJDF�&BSM�8BSSFO������������� ���UIF�'JGUI�"NFOENFOUFACT OR OPINION?

���0������'������'������0SYNONYMS

���MBXZFS������BENJTTJPO������CMBNF������SFWJTJPOWORD ANALYSIS

���BHBJO������SFUSJFE������"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�

WHAT’S THE TRUTH ABOUT THE COMMON COLD? page 11

COMPREHENSION

���WJSVTFT������JT�OPU������)BOE�XBTIJOH��� ���XJEFTQSFBEYOUR OPINION, PLEASE

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFS��5IFZ�BSF�FYQPTFE�UP�TP�NBOZ�PUIFS�LJET�BU�TDIPPM��"MTP �DIJMESFO�BSF�NPSF�MJLFMZ�UP�XJQF�UIFJS�OPTF�XJUI�UIFJS�IBOET�

LOOK IT UP!

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFST����virus:�NJDSPTDPQJD�QBUIPHFO�BHFOU�UIBU�DBVTFT�

Answer Key 101

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 101 10/25/12 4:47 PM

B�EJTFBTF�DPNQPTFE�PG�B�TJOHMF�OVDMFJD�BDJE�FODMPTFE�CZ�B�QSPUFJO�DPBU �BCMF�UP�SFQMJDBUF�POMZ�XJUIJO�B�MJWJOH�DFMM

���bacteria:�QMVSBM�PG�CBDUFSJVN��VOJDFMMVMBS�NJDSPPSHBOJTNT�PGUFO�IBWJOH�QBUIPHFOJD�QSPQFSUJFT

���antibiotic:�B�TVCTUBODF �TVDI�BT�QFOJDJMMJO �UIBU�JT�QSPEVDFE�CZ�PSHBOJTNT�TVDI�BT�GVOHJ�BOE�CBDUFSJB �FGGFDUJWF�JO�UIF�TVQQSFTTJPO�PS�EFTUSVDUJPO�PG�NJDSPPSHBOJTNT �BOE�XJEFMZ�VTFE�JO�UIF�QSFWFOUJPO�BOE�USFBUNFOU�PG�EJTFBTFT

NOTING DETAILS

���'������'������'������.CAUSE AND EFFECT

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFST�����XBTI�ZPVS�IBOET������JU� IFMQT�TIFE�UIF�WJSVT������JU�XJMM�IFMQ�DMFBS�ZPVS�TUVGGZ�OPTF�BOE�TPPUIF�ZPVS�TPSF�UISPBU������UIFZ�BSF�FYQPTFE�UP�JMMOFTTFT�PG�PUIFS�DIJMESFO��UIFZ� BSF�NPSF�MJLFMZ�UP�VTF�UIFJS�IBOET�UP�XJQF�UIFJS�OPTFT�BOE�OPU�XBTI�BGUFSXBSE��UIFZ�IBWF�NPSF�IBOE�UP�IBOE�DPOUBDU�UISPVHI�QMBZANTONYMS

���C������E������D������B

CONGRATULATIONS, CAPTAIN CLARK! page 13COMPREHENSION

���'������5������'NOTING DETAILS

���4BDBKBXFB������NBQ�NBLJOH �DBSJOH�GPS�UIF�TJDL��� ���SBUUMFTOBLF�CJUFT �UPPUIBDIFT �GFWFST �GSPTUCJUFSYNONYMS

���D������B������E������CVOCABULARY

���1PTUIVNPVT������EFTDFOEBOUMAKING INFERENCES

���C������BCAUSE AND EFFECT

1SPCBCMF�BOTXFST�����TFOU�-FXJT�BOE�$MBSL�PO� BO�FYQFEJUJPO������$POHSFTT�NBEF�IJN�B�DBQUBJO� in 2000

THE HEALING POWER OF HORSE THERAPY, page 15

COMPREHENSION

���'������5������'������5EXAMPLES

$BSSJF�1FSSZ�T�SFDPWFSZ �UIF�CPZ�XJUI�DFSFCSBM� QBMTZ�XIP�XPO�B�NFEBM �BOE�UIF�CMJOE�XPNBO� XIP�SFMBUFT�TP�XFMM�UP�IPSTFT

NOTING DETAILS

���/PSUI�"NFSJDBO�3JEJOH�GPS�UIF�)BOEJDBQQFE�"TTPDJBUJPO��������������0SFHPO������BO�FNQMPZFF� at Blue HeavenSYNONYMS

���D������E������G������B������C������FLOOK IT UP!

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFST����stroke:�TVEEFO �TFWFSF�POTFU�PG�B�NBMBEZ���cerebral palsy:�JNQBJSFE�NVTDVMBS�QPXFS�BOE�

DPPSEJOBUJPO�EVF�UP�CSBJO�EBNBHF�VTVBMMZ�BU�PS�QSJPS�UP�CJSUI

AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY, page 17COMPREHENSION

���5������'������5������'NOTING DETAILS

���#PUI�CPZT�BOE�HJSMT�DPVME�BUUFOE�OFX�GSFF�TDIPPMT�������"O�BQQSFOUJDF�TFSWFE�B�NBTUFS�GPS�TFWFO�ZFBST�UP�MFBSO�B�USBEF�������TNBMMQPY� WBDDJOF����������VOCABULARY

���DFOUVSZ������NJMMFOOJVN������TVQFSTUJUJPVTANTONYMS

���DPNNPO������NBKPS������TVOEPXO������BHSFFCAUSE AND EFFECT

5IF�QSJOUJOH�QSFTT�BMMPXFE�LOPXMFEHF�UP�CF�TQSFBE�UISPVHIPVU�UIF�XPSME�DRAWING CONCLUSIONS

"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�

IS IT ORGANIC? page 19COMPREHENSION

���'������5������5������5������'NOTING DETAILS

������QFSDFOU������5IFZ�NVTU�IBWF�BDDFTT�UP� UIF�PVUEPPST����������QFSDFOUREADING A GRAPH

���B������C������CSYNONYMS

���C������E������F������B������DYOUR OPINION, PLEASE

"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�

BATS: ECHOES IN THE NIGHT, page 21COMPREHENSION

���þZJOH������TJMFOU������MPOHFS������TLJO

Answer Key102

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 102 10/25/12 4:47 PM

NOTING DETAILS

���#BUT�TMFFQ�EVSJOH�UIF�EBZ�BOE�DPNF�PVU�POMZ�BU�OJHIU�������OPTF �NPVUI������BOZXIFSF�GSPN����UP�����UJNFT�B�TFDPOEVOCABULARY

���NBNNBM������OPDUVSOBM������FDIP��� ���JOUFSWBMT������BVEJCMFYOUR OPINION, PLEASE

"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�SYNONYMS

���D������B������E������C

THE HISTORY OF THE FRISBEE, page 23COMPREHENSION

���'������'������5������'NOTING DETAILS

�����������$BMJGPSOJB������5IF�6�4��/BWZ������SFDSFBUJPOWORD ANALYSIS

���BJS�PS�þZJOH������BFSPEZOBNJDT������UIF�TDJFODF�UIBU�EFBMT�XJUI�UIF�GPSDFT�PG�NPWJOH�BJSVOCABULARY

���USBEFNBSL������EJTDSEQUENCING EVENTS

���D������E������B������CSYNONYMS

���C������E������F������B������D

FASCINATING FACTS ABOUT FLIES, page 25COMPREHENSION

���5������'������'������'NOTING DETAILS

�������UP�� ���������"�þZ�T�CMPPE�JT�DPMPSMFTT�CFDBVTF�JU�IBT�OP�IFNPHMPCJO�������VOEFSXBUFS �GSP[FO�QMBDFT�MJLF�UIF�"SDUJD������*U�TUJDLT�UP�UIF�DFJMJOH�XJUI�UIF�HMVF�MJLF�TVCTUBODF�PO�JUT�GFFU���� ���'MJFT�DBO�UBTUF�GPPE�XJUI�UIF�UJOZ�IBJST�PO�UIFJS�GFFU�SUPPORTING DETAILS

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFST��VHMZ�BOE�BOOPZJOH �DBSSZ� HFSNT ��MJWF�FWFSZXIFSFDESCRIPTIVE WORDS

VOTBOJUBSZ �BOOPZJOH �EBOHFSPVT �GBTUSYNONYMS

���MZSJDT������EFGZ������CSJTUMZ

CODE TALKERS, page 27COMPREHENSION

���/BWBKP������8PSME�8BS�*������NBKPS������NFNPSJ[FENOTING DETAILS

������������$IPDUBX������IVNNJOHCJSE

VOCABULARY

���NFNPSJ[FE������TVCNBSJOFFACT OR OPINION?

���'������'������0������'WORD ANALYSIS

���BASE WORD = break; PREFIX = un-; SUFFIX = -able ���VOXPSLBCMF �VOMPWBCMF �VOVTBCMF

THE SENSE OF SMELL, page 29COMPREHENSION

���'������5������'������'NOTING DETAILS

���QFQQFSNJOU �PSBOHF �PS�FVDBMZQUVT��� ��������NJMMJPOVOCABULARY

���OPTUSJMT������PEPS �GSBHSBODF������XIJGGANTONYMS

���D������E������B������CLOOK IT UP!

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFST����molecules:�TNBMM�QBSUJDMFT���olfactory nerve:�FJUIFS�PG�UXP�CVOEMFT�PG�OFSWF�

ýCFST �POF�PO�FBDI�TJEF�PG�UIF�OBTBM�DBWJUZ � UIBU�DPOEVDU�DIFNJDBM�JOEJDBUJPOT�PG�TNFMM

���asthma:�B�DISPOJD�SFTQJSBUPSZ�EJTFBTFYOUR OPINION, PLEASE

"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�

A GREAT MAN’S DREAM, page 31COMPREHENSION

���B������D������C������CNOTING DETAILS

���"VHVTU��� �������������� ���������(FPSHJB��� ���GPVSVOCABULARY

���EFDBEF������#SPUIFSIPPE������(FOUJMFTSUMMARIZING

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFS��)F�CFMJFWFE�UIBU�FWFO�UIPVHI�UIFSF�XBT�B�MPOH�XBZ�UP�HP �"NFSJDBO�QFPQMF�DPVME�BDIJFWF�UIF�HPBM�PG�USVF�FRVBMJUZ�

SHUTTERBUG, page 33COMPREHENSION

���5������'������'������5NOTING DETAILS

���EBSL�DIBNCFS������DPOUSPM�UIF�BNPVOU�PG�MJHIU�UIBU�DPNFT�JOUP�UIF�DBNFSB������������� ��������Y�����PS�� ��� ����QJYFMTSHORTENED WORD FORMS

���QIPUPHSBQI������QSPGFTTJPOBM

Answer Key 103

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 103 10/25/12 4:47 PM

ANTONYMS

���JOEPPST������XJEF�BOHMF������BNBUFVS��� ���SFEVDF������CBDLHSPVOEVOCABULARY

B��&YQMBOBUJPO�XJMM�WBSZ�SYNONYMS

���C������D������B

FLEA CIRCUSES, page 35COMPREHENSION

���:������/������/������:NOTING DETAILS

������JODIFT�������� ���������5IFZ�XFSF�HMVFE� UP�UIF�QSPQT�������.JEHF�BOE�.BEHFAUTHOR’S TONE

MJHIU�IFBSUFESYNONYMS

���UPSNFOU������NJOJBUVSF������GSFRVFODJFT��� ���JOUFSOBUJPOBMWORD PLAY

���C������DWORD ANALYSIS

���XJUIPVU������XJOHMFTT

THE JAPANESE TEA CEREMONY, page 37COMPREHENSION

���;FO�#VEEIJTU�NPOLT������XBTI�UIFJS�IBOET� BOE�NPVUI������XBUDIFT�GSPN�UIF�EPPSNOTING DETAILS

���chanoyu ���ýWF�UP�TFWFO�UJNFT������B�TDSPMM� BOE�B�þPXFS�JO�B�WBTFDRAWING CONCLUSIONS

������ýOE�QFBDF�CZ�UBLJOH�UJNF�PVU�GSPN�UIF� UFOTJPOT�PG�UIF�FWFSZEBZ�XPSME�WORD ANALYSIS

���SFTFBUFE �SFQMBDFE������BHBJOVOCABULARY

���DBMMJHSBQIZ������TBNVSBJ������TDSPMMSYNONYMS

���C������D������E������BSYMBOLS

���(VFTUT�BSF�XBTIJOH�BXBZ�EVTU�PG�UIF�PVUFS�XPSME�������"MM�HVFTUT�BSF�PG�FRVBM�TUBUVT�JO�UIF�UFBIPVTF�

BREAKING BARRIERS, page 39COMPREHENSION

���B������C������DNOTING DETAILS

������� �+FBOOFUUF�3BOLJO������.JBNJ �'MPSJEB��� �������VOCABULARY

���CBSSJFS������1PMJP������NBZPSMAKING COMPARISONS

���5IFZ�XFSF�CPUI�BQQPJOUFE�UP�PGýDF�CZ�3POBME�3FBHBO�������5IFZ�XFSF�CPUI�BTUSPOBVUT�BCPBSE�a Challenger TQBDF�TIVUUMF�������5IFZ�XFSF�CPUI�"GSJDBO�"NFSJDBO�BUIMFUFT�SYNONYMS OR ANTONYMS?

���4������"������"

OUR EXPENDABLE ORGANS, page 41COMPREHENSION

���5������'������'������5NOTING DETAILS

���UPOTJMT �TQMFFO������EBSL�QJOL������QVSQMJTI�SFE��� ���MPXFS�SJHIU�BCEPNFOVOCABULARY

$IBSU��UPOTJMMJUJT �BQQFOEFDUPNZ �TQMFOFDUPNZ���-itis������-ectomyLOOK IT UP!

expendable:�VOXPSUIZ�PG�SFUFOUJPO�PS�NBJOUFOBODFantibodies:�QSPUFJOT�JO�UIF�CMPPE�HFOFSBUFE�JO�SFBDUJPO�UP�GPSFJHO�QSPUFJOT�UP�OFVUSBMJ[F�UIFN�BOE�QSPEVDF�JNNVOJUZRECOGNIZING CONTRASTS

���"�SPEFOU�T�BQQFOEJY�IFMQT�EJHFTU�GPPE �CVU�B�IVNBO�T�EPFT�OPUIJOH�������"�DIJME�T�UPOTJMT�BSF�VTVBMMZ�MBSHFS�DRAWING CONCLUSIONS

1SPCBCMF�BOTXFST�����UIF�TQMFFO �CFDBVTF�JU�DMFBOT�UIF�CMPPE������UIF�BQQFOEJY �CFDBVTF �JO�IVNBOT �JU�IBT�OP�BQQBSFOU�GVODUJPO

TRAGEDY AT THE TRIANGLE SHIRTWAIST FACTORY, page 43

COMPREHENSION

���C������B������C������DNOTING DETAILS

���������������IPVST�����������������DESCRIPTIVE WORDS

+FXJTI �*UBMJBO �ZPVOH �PWFSXPSLFECAUSE AND EFFECT

OFX�XPSLQMBDF�TBGFUZ�MBXT

Answer Key104

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 104 10/25/12 4:47 PM

VOCABULARY

shirtwaist:�B�XPNBO�T�UBJMPSFE�TIJSU�XJUI�EFUBJMT�DPQJFE�GSPN�NFO�T�TIJSUTseamstress:�B�XPNBO�XIP�NBLFT�IFS�MJWJOH�CZ�TFXJOHordinances:�SFHVMBUJPOT�FOBDUFE�CZ�B�HPWFSONFOU

ERRONEOUS EYE-DEAS, page 45COMPREHENSION

���5������'������'������'������5NOTING DETAILS

���"CSBIBN�-JODPMO������XBUFS������DIJMESFO��� ���BMMFSHJFT �FZF�SVCCJOH �ESZ�BJSWORD ANALYSIS

FZFTJHIU �ýSFMJHIUSYNONYMS

���H������B������F������D������G������E������CANTONYMS

���E������B������H������D������G������C������F

ALL THE WORLD LOVES A CLOWN, page 47COMPREHENSION

���5������'������'������5NOTING DETAILS

���XIJUFGBDF �BVHVTUF �IPCP �DIBSBDUFS��� ���&NNFUU�,FMMZ �3FE�4LFMUPO������XIJUFGBDFANTONYMS

���USBHJD������NJOJNJ[F������EJTDPVSBHFEJARGON

���B������E������C������DWORD ANALYSIS

���TPSSPXGVM������GVMM�PGSUPPORTING DETAILS

*O�BODJFOU�UJNFT �SVMFST�PGUFO�IBE�B� jester PS�fool UP�FOUFSUBJO�UIF�SPZBM�DPVSU�

THE BONE-BUILDER, page 49COMPREHENSION

���D������B������DNOTING DETAILS

���NJOFSBM������NFUBM �MJNFTUPOF������� ���WORD ANALYSIS

���NJMMJHSBN������POF�PG�B�UIPVTBOE�QBSUT� PG�TPNFUIJOH������POF�UIPVTBOEUI�PG�B�NFUFSLOOK IT UP!

calorie:�B�VOJU�PG�IFBU�SFRVJSFE�UP�SBJTF�UIF� UFNQFSBUVSF�PG�XBUFS�CZ��¡$

READING A TABLE

��������������������DPMMBSE�HSFFOTINFERENCE

���D������C

MOVIE CREDITS, page 51COMPREHENSION

���5������'������'������5NOTING DETAILS

���ýTIJOH�IPPL������NPWF������DMBQCPBSE������FOEVOCABULARY

���B������B������B������C������CSYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS

���"������4������"������"������4������4WORD ANALYSIS

ýMNNBLFST �ýTIFSNBO �GPPUTUFQT

THE LAST GREAT RACE ON EARTH, page 53COMPREHENSION

���:������/������:������/NOTING DETAILS

�����������KVTU�PWFS�ýWF�EBZT������������� ���BEGINS:�"ODIPSBHF��ENDS:�/PNFDESCRIPTIVE WORDS

GSJHJE �DIBMMFOHJOH �IBSTIVOCABULARY

���FQJEFNJD������NVTIFS������%JQIUIFSJB������4FSVNWORD ANALYSIS

���TVC[FSP������VOEFS�PS�CFMPXINFERENCE

"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�

WHYS AND WHEREFORES, page 55COMPREHENSION

���B������C������CNOTING DETAILS

���QSPUFDUJPO �UFNQFSBUVSF�DPOUSPM �JEFOUJýDBUJPO��� �����¡'������"GSJDB������$IJNQBO[FFT �HPSJMMBTVOCABULARY

���SFGSBDUFE������QSFEBUPS������þFYJCMFINFERENCE

���8F�CPUI�IBWF�CJH�UPFT�������:PV�NJHIU�OPU�CF�BCMF�UP�LFFQ�CBMBODF�PS�QVTI� � � PGG�GSPN�UIF�HSPVOE�UP�SVO�PS�XBML�LOOK IT UP!

camouflage:�B�NFBOT�PG�DPODFBMNFOU�CZ�NBLJOH� B�QFSTPO�PS�BO�JUFN�BQQFBS�UP�CF�QBSU�PG�UIF�OBUVSBM�TVSSPVOEJOHTchimpanzee:�B�IVNBO�MJLF�BQF�PG�USPQJDBM�"GSJDB�XJUI�B�IJHI�EFHSFF�PG�JOUFMMJHFODF

Answer Key 105

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 105 10/25/12 4:47 PM

QUICKSAND, page 57COMPREHENSION

���5������5������'������'NOTING DETAILS

���QPMF������NPWJOH������TUSFBN����������TSYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS

���"������"������4������"������"������4WORD ANALYSIS

���RVJDLTBOE �TFBDPBTUT �VOEFSHSPVOE���"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�LOOK IT UP!

viscous:�IBWJOH�B�IFBWZ �HMVFZ�RVBMJUZvacuum:�B�TQBDF�FNQUZ�PG�NBUUFSDO YOU REMEMBER?

-JF�CBDL �TUSFUDI�PVU�ZPVS�BSNT�UP�IFMQ�ZPV� þPBU �BOE�TXJN�TMPXMZ�UPXBSE�TPMJE�HSPVOE�

DRUMMER BOYS, page 59COMPREHENSION

���UIF�3FWPMVUJPOBSZ�8BS������$JWJM�8BS��� ���DPNNVOJDBUJPO������NFEBM�GPS�CSBWFSZNOTING DETAILS

���DBSSJFE�XBUFS �TFSWFE�GPPE �IFMQFE�UFOE�UIF�XPVOEFE�BMUFSOBUF�BOTXFS��IFMQFE�CVSZ�UIF� EFBE������3FWPMVUJPOBSZ�8BS��"COFS�XBT�LJMMFE�BU�$PODPSE�#SJEHF�������+PIOOZ�$MFN�PS�+PIOOZ�4IJMPI������UFMFHSBQI �SBEJPCAUSE AND EFFECT

���UIFZ�OFFEFE�BMM�UIF�WPMVOUFFST�UIFZ�DPVME�HFU���� ���IF�FBSOFE�UIF�OJDLOBNF�+PIOOZ�4IJMPI���� ���$POHSFTT�CBOOFE�DIJMESFO�GSPN�UIF�CBUUMFýFME�SOUND EFFECTS

���SBU�B�UBU�UBUT������"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�SYNONYMS

���D������G������F������E������C������B

MORE WHYS AND WHEREFORES, page 61COMPREHENSION

$SPTT�PVU�� �� �BOE���NOTING DETAILS

���&HZQUJBOT������WFJO�PG�MPWF������,JOH�&EXBSE�7*��� ���ýOHFSUJQT �UPFT �TPMFT�PG�GFFUCOMPARISONS

���QSVOF������"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�CONTEXT CLUE

polygraph:�MJF�EFUFDUPSSYNONYMS

���C������B������E������F������D

INFERENCE

���#PUI�UIFTF�QFPQMF�XPVME�CF�MJLFMZ�UP�CF�OFSWPVT�BOE�IBWF�TXFBUZ�QBMNT����5IFZ�BMM�IBWF�TPNFUIJOH�UP�EP�XJUI�IBOET�

A MEMORABLE MOMENT AT THE PLATE, page 63

COMPREHENSION

���B������C������C������DNOTING DETAILS

���4U��-PVJT�#SPXOT����������������CPXFE�UP�UIF�DSPXECHARACTERS

���B������C������D������F������EVOCABULARY

���CBMM������NPVOE������QMBUFDRAWING CONCLUSIONS

���TIPSUFTU�������GSBDUJPO�1/8�

RATING THE BIG WINDS, page 65COMPREHENSION

���'������5������'������5NOTING DETAILS

������NJMFT�QFS�IPVS������XJOE�TQFFE �TUPSN�TVSHFWORD ANALYSIS

���NFUFPSPMPHJTU��� ���POF�XIP�EPFT �NBLFT �PS�XPSLT�BU�TPNFUIJOHLOOK IT UP!

torrential:�XJME��SFTFNCMJOH�B�UPSSFOU�SBHJOH�þPPEintensity:�FYDFQUJPOBMMZ�HSFBU�DPODFOUSBUJPO �QPXFS �PS�GPSDFABBREVIATIONS

���.1)������GU�READING A CHART

�������.1)������5IFZ�XPVME�CF�CMPXO�EPXO���� ����o��GFFU������5IFZ�XPVME�CF�EFTUSPZFE���� ���$BUFHPSZ��

FLESH-EATING FOLIAGE, page 67COMPREHENSION

���5������'������'������5NOTING DETAILS

���$BSPMJOB������TUJDLZ������XBSN �EBNQ��� ���OJUSPHFOSYNONYMS

���F������E������B������C������DCOMPARISONS

���KBX������TOBLF�T�IFBE������KVH������PDUPQVT

Answer Key106

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 106 10/25/12 4:47 PM

ANTONYMS

���HSFFEZ������TVSWJWF������$BSOJWPSPVTWORD ANALYSIS

���VOSPMM������"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�

#&:0/%�5)&�#3*()5�-*()54, page 69COMPREHENSION

���BSUJTU������BOJNBMT������UFBDIFS��� ���DMPUIJOH�DPNQBOZNOTING DETAILS

���The Exorcist������Alien ���3BEBS�0�3FJMMZLOOK IT UP!

exorcist:�POF�XIP�FYQFMT�FWJM�TQJSJUTalien:�VOGBNJMJBS��B�OPO�DJUJ[FO��B�TQBDF�DSFBUVSFSYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS

���"������4������"������"������4VOCABULARY

���C������E������B������DDRAWING CONCLUSIONS

"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�

HOLIDAY WHYS AND WHEREFORES, page 71COMPREHENSION

$SPTT�PVU�� �� �� �BOE���NOTING DETAILS

���LABOR DAY:�ýSTU�.POEBZ�JO�4FQUFNCFS��APRIL FOOL’S DAY:�"QSJM����MOTHER’S DAY:�TFDPOE�4VOEBZ� JO�.BZ������0SFHPO������8PPESPX�8JMTPOVOCABULARY

���ýTI������NFSSJNFOUSYNONYMS

���C������E������B������DDRAWING CONCLUSIONS

���NPSF�UIBO�����ZFBST������'SBODF������MJHIU�IFBSUFE������VOJUZ������Hilaria

ABEBE BIKILA: THE BAREFOOT OLYMPIAN, page 73

COMPREHENSION

���D������B������C������BDRAWING CONCLUSIONS

������������������������DPNNPOSYNONYMS

���B������E������D������CNOTING DETAILS

���&UIJPQJB����������o3PNF������o5PLZP �+BQBO��� ���ýSTU�CMBDL�"GSJDBO�UP�XJO�BO�0MZNQJD�HPME� NFEBM��ýSTU�SVOOFS�UP�XJO�UXP�0MZNQJD�NBSBUIPOT

SUPPORTING DETAILS

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFST�����UIBU�#JLJMB�EFDJEFE�BT�B�DIJME�UP�CFDPNF�BO�0MZNQJBO�BOE�XPSLFE�UP�BDIJFWF�UIBU�ESFBN��UIBU�IF�SBO�JO�B�SBDF�POMZ�TJY�XFFLT�BGUFS�TVSHFSZ������SVOOJOH�CBSFGPPU�BT�B�TZNCPM�PG�IJT�DPVOUSZ�T�EFUFSNJOBUJPO�BOE�IFSPJTN

SOCRATES (469–399 B.C.), page 75COMPREHENSION

���'������'������5������'������5������'NOTING DETAILS

���"UIFOT������1MBUP������LOPXMFEHF������(PEVOCABULARY

���NPSBM������8JUOFTTFT������QIJMPTPQIFS��� ���DPSSVQUJOH������DSJUJDJ[FE������XJTEPNCOMPARISONS

1PTTJCMF�BOTXFST��t)F�EJEO�U�UBLF�QBZNFOU�GSPN�IJT�TUVEFOUT����t)F�EFBMU�XJUI�RVFTUJPOT�PG�JOEJWJEVBM�SJHIU�BOE�XSPOH�SBUIFS�UIBO�XJUI�JEFBT�BCPVU�UIF�VOJWFSTF�WORD ANALYSIS

���wise ����dom

GREYFRIAR’S BOBBY, page 77COMPREHENSION

���MPZBMUZ������PGýDJBM������CPVHIU�UIF�EPH�B�MJDFOTF��� ���JO�UIF�HSBWFZBSE������TUBUVF������QIPUPHSBQIFENOTING DETAILS

���&EJOCVSHI �4DPUMBOE������QPMJDFNBO��� ���t��ZFBS�PME��t���ZFBST�PME����������SYNONYMS

���D������E������B������CSUPPORTING DETAILS

���UIBU�#PCCZ�IBE�UP�CF�DIBTFE�BXBZ�GSPN�IJT�NBTUFS�T�HSBWF�BOE�TUJMM�DBNF�CBDL�BOE�TUBZFE�UIFSF�VOUJM�IF�EJFE����ZFBST�MBUFS������UIBU�UIF�QFPQMF�PG�&EJOCVSHI�CVJMU�B�NFNPSJBM��UIBU�UIF�TUBUVF�JT�POF�PG�UIF�NPTU�QIPUPHSBQIFE�TUBUVFT�JO�ScotlandWORD ANALYSIS

���NBO�T������+PIO�(SBZ�TIN YOUR OPINION

"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�

S O S, page 79COMPREHENSION

���5������5������'������5������'NOTING DETAILS

�������������UIF�SS Arapahoe������UIF�SS Arapahoe ���XJUI�B�QBVTF�JO�UJNF�FRVBM�UP�UISFF�EPUT

Answer Key 107

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 107 10/25/12 4:47 PM

CAUSE AND EFFECT

���EPU������EBTI������UIF�TUSJOH�PG�EPUT�BOE�EBTIFT�XBT�FBTZ�UP�VOEFSTUBOE������TBUFMMJUF�DPNNVOJDBUJPOT�DBO�CSFBL�EPXO�PS�CF�KBNNFESYNONYMS

���E������B������C������DLOOK IT UP!

satellite:�B�SFMBUJWFMZ�TNBMM�DFMFTUJBM�CPEZ�PSCJUJOH�B�MBSHFS�POF�J�F� �UIF�NPPO��B�NBONBEF�PCKFDU�EFTJHOFE�UP�PSCJU�B�DFMFTUJBM�CPEZpatented:�IBWJOH�B�HSBOU�GSPN�UIF�HPWFSONFOU�DPOWFZJOH�FYDMVTJWF�UJUMF�PS�SJHIU

SOME HAIR-RAISING INFORMATION page 81COMPREHENSION

���CMPOEFT������TUSPOHFS������DPME������NPTU��� ���BTMFFQNOTING DETAILS

���ýWF�NJMMJPO������TPMFT�PG�UIF�GFFU �QBMNT�PG�UIF�IBOET �MJQT������UISFF�GFFU�MPOH������TVNNFS��� ���BHFT���o��DESCRIPTIVE WORDS

EFBE �QSPUFDUJWF �TFOTPSZVOCABULARY

���TDBMQ������'PMMJDMFT������CBME������TIBGU������FZFMBTIFTINFERENCES

1SPCBCMF�BOTXFST�����UP�QSFWFOU�TVOCVSO�BOE� UP�IFMQ�NBJOUBJO�CPEZ�IFBU������UP�IFMQ�LFFQ�GPSFJHO�JUFNT�PVU

STAR TREK’S LIEUTENANT UHURA page 83COMPREHENSION

���5������'������5������5������'NOTING DETAILS

���(FOF�3PEEFOCFSSZ����������o������� ���.BSUJO�-VUIFS�,JOH������GSFFEPNSHORT FORMS

���TDJFODF�ýDUJPO������/BUJPOBM�"TTPDJBUJPO�GPS� UIF�"EWBODFNFOU�PG�$PMPSFE�1FPQMF��� ���UFMFWJTJPO������Star Trek�GBO������-JFVUFOBOULOOK IT UP!

NASA:�/BUJPOBM�"FSPOBVUJDT�BOE�4QBDF� "ENJOJTUSBUJPOFACT OR OPINION

���0������'������'������0������'ANTONYMS

���D������B������E������C

THE LADY WITH THE LAMP, page 85COMPREHENSION

�$SPTT�PVU�� �� �BOE���NOTING DETAILS

���i-JCFSUZ�&OMJHIUFOJOH�UIF�8PSMEw��� ���t4UBUVF�PG�-JCFSUZ�JO�/FX�:PSL�)BSCPS��tNBSCMF�QMBRVF�BU�+',�BJSQPSU������DPOUSJCVUJPOT�GSPN�UIF�6OJUFE�4UBUFT����������DRAWING CONCLUSIONS

�������������GSJFOEMZ������TJ[F������GPSFJHO�DPVOUSJFT��� ���PQQPSUVOJUZSYNONYMS

���C������B������E������F������DIN YOUR OPINION

"OTXFST�XJMM�WBSZ�

THE FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH, page 87COMPREHENSION

���5������'������'������5������'������5NOTING DETAILS

�����UI����������������OJOFSYNONYMS

���C������F������B������D������EWORD ANALYSIS

���BHBJO������SFTUPSF �SFOFX������"OTXFST�XJMM� WBSZ�VOCABULARY

���DSVTBEFST������HPWFSOPS������JOFWJUBCMF��� ���:PVUI������WPZBHF

SPY STORIES, page 89COMPREHENSION

���UIF�4QBOJTI�$JWJM�8BS������TQJFT������ýDUJPOBM��� ���LJMM������UIF�4PWJFU�6OJPO������EFBUINOTING DETAILS

���&NJMJP�.PMB������*BO�'MFNJOH��� ���IVTCBOE�BOE�XJGF����������SYNONYMS

���F������E������D������B������CWORD ANALYSIS

XBSUJNF �XJEFTQSFBE �VOEFSDPWFSLOOK IT UP!

espionage:�UIF�BDU�PS�QSBDUJDF�PG�TQZJOHcommunist:�POF�XIP�CFMJFWFT�JO �BEWPDBUFT � BOE�TVQQPSUT�DPNNVOJTN

Answer Key108

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 108 10/25/12 4:47 PM

LOOKING FOR YOURSELF? CHECK THE INTERNET, page 91

COMPREHENSION

���5������5������'������'������'PUTTING DETAILS IN ORDER

���E������C������B������DVOCABULARY

���NPVTF������*OUFSOFU������XFCTJUF������SFWJFXTSYNONYMS

���G������E������B������D������C������FINFERENCE

6OEFSMJOF�� �� �� �BOE���

HANDLING STRESS, page 93COMPREHENSION

���'������5������'������5������5������'SUPPORTING DETAILS

0MZNQJD�SBDFST�VTVBMMZ�SVO�UIFJS�SFDPSE�UJNFT� XIFO�HPJOH�GPS�UIF�HPME�SBUIFS�UIBO�JO�QSBDUJDF�SYNONYMS OR ANTONYMS?

���4������4������"������"������4������"������4CONTEXT CLUES

stress:�NFOUBM �FNPUJPOBM �PS�QIZTJDBM�UFOTJPO �TUSBJO �PS�EJTUSFTTserotonin:�BO�PSHBOJD�CSBJO�DIFNJDBM�UIBU�BDUT� BT�B�OBUVSBM�NPPE�TUBCJMJ[FS�BOE�TMFFQ�QSPNPUFSCAUSE AND EFFECT

���C������C������C

TYPHOID MARY, page 95COMPREHENSION

���C������B������D������BNOTING DETAILS

�������o����������salmonella typhi������/FX�:PSL�IFBMUI�XPSLFS�(FPSHF�4PQFS��������SYNONYMS

���E������B������D������C������FAUTHOR’S VIEWPOINT

1SPCBCMF�BOTXFST�����5IF�BVUIPS�TZNQBUIJ[FT� XJUI�.BSZ�������VTF�PG�UIF�QISBTF�i1PPS�.BSZwWORD ANALYSIS

���JO�PS�JOUP������tJNNJHSBUFE��tUP�DPNF�JOUP�B�GPSFJHO�DPVOUSZ�BOE�NBLF�JU�IPNF

SOME FINAL WHYS AND WHEREFORES, page 97

COMPREHENSION

$SPTT�PVU�� �� �BOE���NOTING DETAILS

����������GBMM�������������DPDLSPBDIFT������5IFZ�IBWF�CFDPNF�JNNVOF�UP�NBOZ�PG�UIF�TQSBZT�USING CONTEXT CLUES

trachea:�B�UIJO�XBMMFE�UVCF�DBSSZJOH�BJS�UP�UIF�lungsesophagus:�B�NVTDVMBS�UVCF�GPS�QBTTBHF�PG�GPPE�UP�UIF�TUPNBDIepiglottis:�DBSUJMBHF�BU�CBTF�PG�UPOHVF�UIBU�GPMET�PWFS�UIF�HMPUUJT�UP�QSFWFOU�GPPE�GSPN�FOUFSJOH�UIF�XJOEQJQF�EVSJOH�UIF�BDU�PG�TXBMMPXJOHSYNONYMS

���D������E������B������CSUPPORTING DETAILS

���8IFO�POF�HFUT�IVSU �UXP�PUIFST�ESPQ�PVU�PG�GPSNBUJPO�UP�UBLF�DBSF�PG�JU�������t5IFZ�WF�CFFO�PO�FBSUI�����NJMMJPO�ZFBST����t5IFZ�DBO�FBU�BMNPTU�BOZUIJOH����t5IFZ�DBO�XJUITUBOE�GPSDFT�PG�HSBWJUZ�NVDI�TUSPOHFS�UIBO�IVNBOT�

FLYING DOCTORS: HELP IS ON THE WAY! page 99

COMPREHENSION

���B������C������B������C������CNOTING DETAILS

���+PIO�'MZOO������SFWFSFOE�PS�NJTTJPOBSZ��� ������ ���������3PZBM�'MZJOH�%PDUPS�4FSWJDF��� ���tTFOET�EPDUPST�BOE�OVSTFT�UP�FNFSHFODJFT���tQSPWJEFT�UFMFQIPOF�BEWJDF���tBJSMJGUT�QBUJFOUT�UP�hospitalsSYNONYMS

���VOSFMJBCMF������JTPMBUFE������IVSEMFANTONYMS

���E������D������C������B

Answer Key 109

Reading Comp_NF2_INT.indd 109 10/25/12 4:47 PM