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Content Lead : Dr. Garima Tailang - Desh Apnayen Sahayog Foundation

Subject Matter Experts and : Mr.DharmeshAngle-Dy.SuperintendentofPolice(Traffic), Goa Police

Contributors : Mr.PradeepVelip,TrafficEducationCell,GoaPolice Thelate.Shri.GurunathKelekar,MARG

Reviewed by : Goa Teachers : Ms.AnaghaSandeepWarlikar,St.MinchaelH/STaleigao Mr.SebastiaoD’costa,HolyCrossH/S,Bastora,Bardez Mr.SurajHaldankar,DnyanprassarakVidyalaya,Mapusa Mr.GurudasSawant,TheprogressH/S-Panjim Mr.AmulNadkarni,OurladyoftheRosaryH/STaleigao

Shantilal Muttha Foundation : Ms.MeghanaDesai,Ms.DeboshreeBhattacharjee

Edition : January,2018 Revised print : June,2019 Revised print : June,2021 Published by : S.C.E.R.T.,GovernmentofGoa,Alto-Porvorim ShantilalMutthaFoundation,Pune DeshApnayenSahayogFoundation,Mumbai

Printer : ©Allrightsreservedbypublisher

Name: ................................................................................

School: ...............................................................................

Division: ............................

Std-VII

Traffic Awareness and

Road SafetySTUDENT BOOK

Student book consisting of concepts in detail and worksheets for students

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Contents

Topic 1 - Road safety and causes of accidents ...................... 1

Worksheets and Handouts .........................................................7

Recordsheet-Activity1-Newsanalysis .......................8

Recordsheet-Activity2-Roleplay ................................9

Recordsheet-Activity3-Sloganonroadsafety..........10

Topic 2 - Volunteering for road safety .................................. 11

List of key road safety terms ..........................................12

Worksheets and Handouts ...................................................... 13

Worksheet1-Mydecisiononroadsafetybehaviour .. 13

Worksheet2-Iamroad-smart .................................... 14

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Roadsafetyisnecessaryontheroadandmustbefollowedbyeveryonebecauseroadaccidentsare the leading causeofdeath.Everyoneshould learn the roadtrafficandsafetyrulesataveryearlyagetoadoptsafebehaviourinlaterlife.

Common causes of road accidents -

AccordingtoaWHO(WorldHealthOrganization)reportfrom2010,thesearethecommoncausesofroadaccidentsinIndia-

1. Speeding and tailgating* - A greaterspeedgivesafeelingofrushto thedriverbutat the same timeincreases the risk of his vehiclehitting another vehicle. Drivinghabits such as tailgating only increase the chance of the tailgater collidingwiththevehicleinfront.

2. Riding without a helmet - Wearing a helmet is as important for the pillion rider as for the biker. The head is at a greater risk of injury during a fall. Protecting it with a helmet greatly reduces the chances of a fatal injury or evendeath.

3. Talking on phone - When you talk on a phone while driving, one ofyour hands gets engaged in operating the phone whether it’s for dialling a number or listening to the caller. Evenmore alarming istextingonthephonewhiledriving,as it not only takes your hands off the steering wheel but also takes your eyes off the road. Moreover,the conversation distracts yourmind.Alwaysavoidusingaphonewhiledriving.

Topic 1 - Road safety and causes of accidents

*Tailgating–Drivingdangerouslyclosebehindanothervehicle

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4. Drink and Drive - Alcohol interfereswith theverybasicelements of driving such asvision, reflex, and sense ofjudgement.

5. Breaking traffic rules - Something as simple as breaking a red light can put thedriverandothersatariskof having serious falls andinjuries. Ignorance of roadsigns can prove to bedangerous too. Do follow trafficrules;theyareforyourown good.

6. Not wearing a seat belt - Putting a seat belt on while drivingisasimportantaspullinga parachute while skydiving. Ithas been scientifically proventhat during a head-to-head collision,adriverwearingaseatbelt has a far better chance of survival,withouthavingtosufferany major injury.

7. Not using indictors - Using indicators while taking a turn,changing lanes and overtaking,is an integral part of road safety. It informs roadusers about thedriver’s intents which helpsavoidaccidents. Itwouldbe toorisky for the driver and otherroad users if the driver did notuse the required indicators.

No signal

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7. Poor road infrastructure -This isaverycommoncauseofaccidents inIndia.Unlikeotherfactors,thedriverherehastosufferwithoutanyfaultofhisown.Abadroadisdistinguishedbysignssuchaspilesofdebris,spilledoil,pits,openman-holes,defectivehighway lamps,badlydesignedspeed-breakers,etc.

First aid -Do you know?Road traffic injuries: Facts

WHO report on children injury prevention http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/child/injury/world_report/

World_report_presentation.pdf

In the previous key stage,we learnt about road safetymeasures, precautions,commonaccidentinjuriesamongstchildren,andfirstaidstepstobefollowed.Letusfindoutmoreabouttheimportanceoffirstaidsothatstudentscannotonlylearn to take precautions but also help others during emergencies.

•Globally,720childrendiefromroadtrafficcrasheseveryday.

•Globally, road traffic injuries arethe leading cause of death and disabilityamong10-19yearolds.

•In low-income and middle-incomecountries, most traffic deaths are

among pedestrians and passengers invehiclesorontwo-wheelers.

•In high-income countries, mosttrafficdeathsinvolvenovicedrivers.

• The most common non-fatal injuries sustained by children are head injuries and fractured limbs.

“Indian Government has decided to set up ‘1033’ toll- free national helpline for reporting road accidents and other issues related to National Highways.”

(Reference - ht tp ://indiatoday intoday.in/story/toll-free-national-helpline-1033-for-road-accident-services/1/611011.html )

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What you should do and shouldn’t do in case of a road accident injury?

1. Do not panic; be calm and patient:Checkyourselffirst.Ifyouhavebeeninjuredintheaccident,firstcheckyourselfforanyinjuries.Trytosee howwell you canmove your limbs, andwhether you experiencesymptomssuchasdizziness.Remember,youneedtobefitenoughtohelp others.

2. Check the other person(s) for injuries:Ifotherpeopleareinjured,first understand howmuch they are injured. For example, is she/hebleedingfromthehead,neck,arms,legs,abdomen,back,etc.?Treatthequietestpersonfirst;she/hewouldusuallybemoreseriouslyinjuredorunabletobreathe.Checkhis/herpulse.Peoplewhocantalkorscream,ontheotherhand,canbreatheandthereforebetreatedalittlelater.Askforthepatient’sname;ifshe/heresponds,itmeansthepatientisable to understand the situation and has most likely not suffered a severeheadinjury.

3. Call for help: Immediatelycallforanambulanceorrushthepersontoahospital.Onceyouknowmoreaboutthepatient’scondition,youwillbeinabetterpositiontotellthedoctorsabouthis/hercondition.

4. Check for obstructions in the person’s mouth and throat:Ifyoudo not hear any breathing sounds, check his/her mouth for anyobstructions. If there is something obstructing the airway, use yourindexandmiddlefingertocleartheairway.

5. Deal with open wounds: Ifthereareextensivewounds,trytocontrolthe bleeding using pressure to the area using a cloth. Press down with yourpalmsratherthanyourfingertips.

6. Try to identify spinal injuries: Iftheperson’sneckisinanawkwardposition(notnormallyplaced)orthepersonisunconscious,donotmovethe patient. Get help immediately.

7. Keep the person warm: Usually, accident victims feel excessivelycold due to shock. Therefore, keeping them warm is important forsurvival.Youcanusewhateveryouhavetodothis,suchasaT-shirt,jacket,etc.

8. Avoid feeding the person: Donotgivethepersonanywater,foodorotherliquidsthroughthemouth;itcouldleadtothepatientchoking.

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Helplines:

100 Police Common Emergengy Helpline Number

101 Fire

112108 Ambulance

103 Trafficpolice

1033 Emergencyreliefcentreonnationalhighways

What is first aid - Firstaidistheassistancegiventoanypersonsufferingasuddenillnessor

injurywithcareprovidedtosavelife,preventtheconditionfromworsening,ortopromoterecoverybeforeadoctorarrivesorbeforethepersonistakento a hospital.

Why first aid? Accidentscanhappenanywhereandanytime.Hence,individualswhoare

properlytrainedandhavethecorrectequipmentcanhelpinensuringbettersafetyforaccidentvictims.Withoutproperfirstaid,asimpleinjurycouldbecomesevere.Insomecases,deathcanoccurasaresultoflackofimmediatemedicaltreatment.Firstaiddoesnotjustpromotefasterrecoverybutitalsohelpssavelives.

Common injuries and first aid -1. Small cut/wound and bleeding - Sometimes,childrenhurtthemselvesby

fallingontosomethingthatsticksintotheirskin,suchasapieceofbrokenglassorastick.Childrenneedtoapplydirectpressuretoawoundbycoveringitwithagauzepad,thickandcleanclothoranarticleofclothing(dependingonthesizeofthecut).Coverthewoundandapplycontinuousdirectpressureuntilthebleedingstopsorhelparrives.

Ifthereisbleeding,firstpressfirmlyoverthesitewithacleanclothuntilitstops,anywherefrom3to15minutes.Cleanunderlukewarmrunningwaterandgentlydry it.Whenawound isdirty, rinse itwithwaterandgentlylatherwithsoap.If theskinisbroken,applyathinlayerofanantibioticointment(likeNeosporinorBacitracin),thencoverwithabandageorgauzeandadhesivetape.

2. Eye wound - Do not attempt any cleaning or washing of an open eye injury. Covertheeyewithaclean,softcloth;placeastiffcoveringontoptopreventany pressure coming on the eye. This is important because the contents can besqueezedouteventhroughaverysmallwound.

3. Bleeding nose - Bleedingfromthenosecouldalsomeanaheadinjury.Ifthepatientisconsciousandcansitup,askhimtopinchhisnoseandbreathe

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throughhismouth.Ifhecanleanforward,thenthatcouldpreventbloodfromgoingtohiswindpipeandchokinghim.Ifthepatientisunconscious,heshouldliewiththefacetooneside,forthebloodtocomeouteasily,sothat there is no choking.

4. Limb injury/muscle sprain - Whenmusclejointsorbonesgetinjured,blood collectsoverthearea,andaswellingappears.Youcanreducetheswellingbybringingdownthebleeding.Applycoldwateroricepacks,ifavailable. It reduces local blood flow, and brings down the internalbleedingandswelling.Butremembernottokeepicepacksonformorethan10minutesatastretchasthiswillleadtosomethinglikefrostbite.Also,don’tplaceicedirectlyontheskin.Alwayswrapitinaclothfirst.Amuscle injury can be made less painful by putting a splint (strip of rigid material)ontheinjuredlimb.

5. Broken bones - Bones can be broken or cracked, and this is called a“fracture”.Bones are living things that have blood supply andnerves.Whenbonesarebroken,theyleakoutbloodintothesurroundingtissueandcausepainandswelling.Don’ttouchbrokenbones.Ifpossible,applyanicepackfor10-15minutesandcallforhelp.

Whatdoesafirstaidkitcontain? Abasicfirstaidkitshouldcontainthefollowing:

1.Plastersofvariousshapesandsizes2.Sterilecotton3.Sterilegauzedressings-differentsizes4.Eyewashandeyedressing5. Scissors6.Tweezers7. Sticky tape8.Torch9.Thermometer10.Crepebandages11. Antibiotic cream12.Antiscepticcream13.Painkillers(spray)14. Safety pins

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Worksheets and Handouts

Handout 1 - Road accidents

(Source - https://www.unroadsafetyweek.org/en/previous-weeks2015-save-kids-lives) As per United Nations #SaveKidsLives Campaign, 2015

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Date of the news report published - .............................

Name of the newspaper - ..............................................

Title of the news report - ..............................................

Record sheet - Activity 1 - News analysis

Who was affected by theaccident?

The real cause of the road accident and suggest some precautions to preventsuchroadaccidents

Whenandhowdidithappen?

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Record sheet - Activity 2 - Role play

1. Name of your play - ..................................................

2.Maincharacters- ...................................................

3.Story- .......................................................................

4.Reason/sfortheaccident 5.Yourlearning

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1. ...........................................................................

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2. ...........................................................................

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3. ...........................................................................

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Record sheet - Activity 3 - Slogan on road safetyWritefiveslogansonroadsafetyhere.Oneisshownbelowforyourreference.

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Volunteering is considered a selfless/unselfish activity where anindividualorgroupprovidesservicesfornomoneytobenefitanotherperson,groupororganisation.

How can children be involved in volunteering for road safety?1. Promoteroadsafetybehaviouronroads/schoolcampus.2. Helpyoungerchildrentolearnsafetyrules.3. Helpseniorcitizensandyoungerchildrenontheroads.4. Spread the word among your family and friends regarding

trafficrules.5. Helpyoungerchildrenwithbicycle-ridingrules.

Topic 2 - Volunteering for road safety

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List of key terms: road safety

1. Fatality - Serious injury resulting from a road crash.

2. Children’s crossing - Crossingnearaschool that isactiveonlywhentheflagsaredisplayed.

3. Distraction - Something that reduces concentration and attention.

4. Footpath - A narrow path for a person on foot.

5. Hazard -Somethinginthetrafficor road environment that couldcause risk or harm.

6. Intersection - A place where two or more roads meet.

7. Kerb -Raisedconcretelipattheedge of the roadway.

8. Pedestrian -Apersontravelling on foot.

9. Pedestrian crossing - A designated point on the road where there is a means to assist pedestrians to cross, such astrafficsignalsorwarningsigns.

10. Public transport - Trains,buses,etc.

11. Restraints - Seatbelts and similardevicesdesignedtokeeppeople from being thrown around in a vehicle during a crash orwhen braking suddenly.

12. Road - A public way.

13. Road markings - Lines and markings on the road to guide traffic and road users.

14. Serious injury - An injury that requires a person to be taken to the hospital.

15. Shared pathway - A path where peopletravellingbydifferentmodescantraveltogether,suchaspedestriansandcyclists.

16. Speed -Thedistancetravelleddividedby the time it takes.

17. Stop, look, listen, think - A systematic procedure designed for pedestrians to use when crossing roads and railway lines.

18. Traffic signals/signs-Alight,signorother signal used to control or manage trafficortoprovideinformationtoroadusers.

19. Vehicle - A device for transportingpersonsorthings,suchasacar,train,tram,bus,motorcycleorbicycle.

20. Zebra crossing - A pedestrian crossing with thickly painted white lines on the road, usuallywith ‘walking legs’ signsandsometimes,amberflashinglights.

21. Tailgating - Tailgating is the act of driving on a road too close to thevehicleinfront,suchthatthedistancebetween the two vehicles does notguarantee that stopping to avoidcollision is possible.

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Worksheet 1 - My decision on road safety behaviourScenarios -1.Youaregoingtoyourgrandparents’housewithyourmother.Youtakethewindowseatandobservethatthebusisfull.Onthenextstop,twooldpeoplecomeandstandnexttoyourseat.Yourmotherignoresthem.

Yourdecision-

2.Onedayyougetverylatetoschoolanddecidetogobybicycle.Asyouneartheschool,youcomeacrossasignal.Thesignalisgreenbutasyougetnear,itturnsyellow.Theschoolassemblyisgoingtostartinfiveminutes.

Yourdecision-

3.Onedayyouaregoingwithyourfathertoafriend’sbirthdayparty.Nearthemainroad,youseeamajoraccidentinwhichonechildisinjured.Thepeoplegathered around the child are taking pictures.

Yourdecision-

4.Your school is taking you for a picnic, and your friends are very excitedlymaking plans for the day. Suddenly, you come to know that one of yourclassmates who is physically challenged withdrew his name from the picnic as the place you are going to has no ramp facility.

Yourdecision-

Worksheets and Handouts

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Statement Always Mostly Some- times Never Why/

Why Not

1. Icrosstheroadatzebracrossings.

2. Iuseabicyclehelmetwhileridingontheroad.

3. Ioffermyseattoyoungerchildrenintheschool bus.

4.Ieatmytiffinintheschoolbusandthrow the trash outside from the window.

5. Iwalkonthefootpath/sidewalks.

6. Iplaywithmyfriendsneartheroad.

7. Ilookforroadsignswhilewalkingontheroad.

8. Iuseaseatbeltwhiletravelling in a car.

9. Idostuntsonmybicycle.

10. Igooutatnightwithmy parents/adults.

11. Isuggestotherstoavoidbreakingtrafficrules.

12. Istopmyfather/motherfromtalkingoverthephonewhiledriving.

13. Iaskmyelderstowearahelmetwhileriding a two-wheeler.

14. Ihelpmyyoungersiblingstolearntrafficrules.

15. Iensuremysafetyontheroad before others.

Worksheet 2 - I am road-smartRateyourselfonthefollowingscale-Always,Mostly,SometimesandNever.

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