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Speclflc..ltlona:Frequency Coverage: 440 to 449.995 MHzChannel Spacing: 25 KHz minimumPower Requirements: 9.8 VOCCurrent Oraln: '1 ma-atandby~ ma·transmlt (1 amp high power)Antenna Impedance: 50 ohmssensitIvity. Belter than .5 microvolts nominal for 20 dbSupplied AccesSOfles: Rubber f lex antenna 450 ma nl.cad battery

pack, charger and earphoneRF output Power. Nominal 3 walls high or 1 walt low powerRepeater Offset: :I: 5 MHz

Optional Acc8l1orle. for all model.12 button touch tone pad (not installed): $39 .1 6 button touchtone pad (not installed ): $48 • Tone burst generator: $29.95• CTCSS sub-a udible tone centre': $29.95 • Leather holster:$20 • Cigarette lighter plug mobile charg ing un it: $6

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Drive Powe r Ou tpu t Mod el No, Price2W 130W 130A02 $209

l OW ' 30W 130A10 $18930W 130W 130A3Q $199

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thoroughly f ield tested , is so simple tooperate or offers so much value . TheTempo $-4 offers the opportun ity 10get on 440 MHz from where ever youmay be. With the addition of a touchtone pad and matching poweramplifier its versat ility is alsounsurpassed.The S-4...$349.OOWith 12 button touch tone pad $399,00With 16 button touch tone pad $419,00S·40 match ing 40 watt output13.8 VDC power amplif ier...S1 49.00

Tempo 5-1The fi rst and most thoroughly f ield tested hand heldsynthesized radio available today. Many thousandsare now in use and the letters of praise st ill pour in.The 5·' is the most simple radio to operate and isbui lt to provide years 01 dependable service.Despite its light weight and small size it is built towithstand rough handling and hard use. Its heavyduty battery pack allows more operating timebetween charges and its new lower price makes iteven more attcrdebie.

Tempo 5-5o tters the same f ield proven reliabili ty. features andspecifica tions as the 5·' except that the 5-5provides a big 5 wall outp ut (o r ' watt low poweroperation). They both have external mic rophonecapability and can be operated with matching solidstate power amplifiers (30 walt o r 80 watt output) .Allows your hand held to doub le as a powerfulmobile or base rad io.$-30... $89.00""For use wit h S- l and 5-5

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HAND HELD RADIOTempo was the first wi th a syn thesizedhand held for amateur use. first with a220 MHz synthesized hand held. firstwith a 5 watt output synthesized handheld...and once again first in the 440MHz range with the $-4, a fu llysynthesized hand held radio. Not on lydoes Tempo otter the broadest line ofsynthesized hand helds, but itsstandards o f rel iab ili ty areunsurpassed ... re l iab i li t y proventhrough milli ons of hou rs of operation.No other hand held has been so

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Tempo 5-2With an S-2 in your car or pocket you can use220 MHz repeaters throughout the U .S. Itoffers all the advanced eng ineering, premiumqualit y components and features of the S-1and S-5. The 5-2 offers 1000 channels in anextremely light.....eight but rugged case .11 you're not on 220 this is the perfect way toget started. With the add it ion of the 5-20iempo sol id state amplifier it becomes apowerful mobile or base station. If you have a

220 MHz station, the 5-2 will add tremendous versati lity.Price S349.00 (With tou ch tone pad installed ...S399 ,OO)5-20 $89.00

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Why work in the dark? Your $WAmeter or your resistance noisebridge tells only half the st o ry. Getthe instrument that really works,the Palomar Engineers A-X NoiseBridge, Use it to c h ec k yourantennas from 1 to 100 MHz. Anduse it in your shack to adjustresonant frequencies of both seriesand parallel tuned circuits. Worksbetter than a dip meter and costs alot less. Send for our free brochure,

The Palomar Engineers R-X NoiseBridge tell s you if vour antenna isresonant or not a nd , if it is not,whether it is too long or too sh o rt .All this In one measurementreading. And it w orks just as wellwith ham-band-only receivers aswith general co verage equipmentbecause it gives perfect nullreadings e uen when the antenna isnot resonant , It gives resistance andreactance readings o n dipoles,inverted Vees, quads, beams,multiband trap dipoles andverticals. No station is completewithout this up-to-date instrument.

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· . . or on ly 112 o f i[ on 207· . . or on ly 3/4 of it on 407

Only Bu ttern ut's newHF5V·1II lets y ou use theentire ze-toor radia tor on80. 40 , 20 and 10 meters[pius a full unloaded quar­ter-wavelength on 15) forhigher radiation resrsrarce.better effmency and greaterVSW R bandwid th thanconventional mum-trap de­Signs of comparable size,The HF5V-III uses only tworuqn-O l -C CIrCUIts {norrrapsl) and one pracncanyrossiess linear oecouper forcompletely au tomatic an dlow VSW R resonance (typi­cally below 1,5: 1) on 80th rough 10 meters , Inclu­s.ve For furth er Informa­tion, including comp letespecifications on the HF5V­III and other Butternut an­tenna products, ask for ourlatest free catalog , If you 'veaneaoy"gone vertrcaf." askfor one anyway . There's alot o f in formation aboutvertical antennas in gener­al, ground and radIal sys­tems, plus helpfUl ups on in­stalling ve-neers on roof­tops, on mobile homes, etc.

FULL PRICE FORAN 80·10 METERVERTICAL

WHl'PA.l'

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Contributions in lhe teem 01 manu­scripts with drawings andlor photo­graphs I flt welcome and will be con­Sidered for possible p<.Jblication. Wecan aSSume no responslbl illy lor lossOf damage 10 any material. Plea1l<lenclose a stamped. sell·addressedenvelope wi th each submiss ion. Pay­ment lor the lISl:I 01 sny unsollclledmaterial will be made upon accllp.lance. All contrioollons should be dl­reeled to the 73 editoria l emcee." How to Write lor 73" guidelines areavailable upon request.

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ORDER YOURS NOWI73 Magazina (ISSN 0098-9010) is pub­lished monthly by 73, Inc .. 80 PineStreet. Peterborough NH 03458, Soc­on<! class postage paid al Peterbor­ough NH G:W58 and at additional mail­ing offices. Copyright (c) 1981 by 73.Inc, All rig hts reserved. No part of thispublication may be reprinted or othe,·wise reproduced without written per·mlnioo 'rom the publishef , MicrotllmEdi tion -Unive rsit y Mic rofilm, AnnArbor MI 48106.

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PalomarEngineersBox 455 , Escondido. CA. 92025

Phone: [7 141 747-3343

4 73 Magazine · November , 1981

The Sa te llite TV Cha llenRe~ - 71 ....I.. lo\U,,"'.., .. '".......

R~.i_;

Four New Bool. ~ for the ExperimenterMR "

Space Spi nolf~ for Ama leur Radio~ - Iht> md~ onlC' 01 .. commuO'(dhOl'l' ' .....olu llOfl

w ... lIX 1', \\1I "Q 18

nov. 81

MAGAZINE

CB 10 10- P<'" \\); 1 "m"lol lt"d o , i >t'h W A,7 l G P ,.An X-Band S""ept-SiRnal Source-o.wlor ltw ••",d Wl~"' '''' ..Bdltery Cheel.!- do ~ f)'" nIt ,,,t, ""·."ur<· ul'l 1' S7L AO ••R...... i .....:

InvestiRdlinR lcom's 7]0- q u ' l<· ,' "I: K4 1W I ,.R..... i .....:

The Co mple te Idiot's Guide to oxA(;'IVI1 80

Eyeball QSO ""ith Rddio RSAI'd"'...... 8'

R~. ;~·.o;

Micront d's N e"" Multimeler- ..n Lt () U ...Il\,l rrom T.11:') "OUC I .,

'0

WI ~ I SA I

How BiR A Dishr~- ')d t .. lhto' CO'nt",I, p.ttl I

Satellite Channel Gu id e~- p"" •

Satellite TV Receivers Mods fnr lhl' Clipperton-la:21- i, lht>'.... ht>u.......yl .... K4TW J ,. _ , ",oo' h , ," " 01: " h. 'dd K4iW ..

Spread SpectrumThe Trd\idinR Ham's Atlband Antenna_ " th " rh.· uh ,m,, ' " po.-'"bl .. , y" ..m l wuu- 100

- .. report from AMII:AD WIHKOU 32

A Visit wit h SVlII AY KIM's MaRie FinRers

- \ Ilt> ,Odd 10 par..d, ..... :-OlBfP 3. 1.:d - II: I I Y l'dn"".1 prot:• .o m VllAKl 112

R~,,;_; AX·l90 Upgrad eReviewing Daiwa'~ New Meters

- (ollon , • aml.n.wo" Cd" md~O' 'h.' d, ' """n<"- foOI:He--fff'f' ' w, med~u'em{'" ( K...H R .0 V! 70lU 118Ham Shad De~ign for Beginners

htra Accuracy for Heathkit Clocks-e N o vice s. ' .ok .. "0''' ' Nl ll .,SSTV SiRnaI Anal yzer

- ,0 W", h,,,"f}U, ,ol" '''ln I'< ~A tN 124

- sim pl.. .. nd ",.. ~ r>t ' O \ I V", ..W·n K7Yl l 4. The 160 Winners!

More for Less - W8lHI " ", I W 4CN t"k(· top honor> Kt 7( 131

-,hi~ tun.,..up p'ocPdu,.. g,,,es mor.. II: 11 Youtpu t. I,·" Cartography for Kerchunkerstwa! to d'SS,pdl.. W B4PWC ' 0 -m.. ~on l: " ' IM 'd IO" mdp' W4t XL 15.

R.." iew' Ten-Me ter lunch HourInside the Palomar Preamp - hd m 'dd,o to< ... hool k,d , W MWl( 158- b,g {'ar~ fo< YOU' .O'<:~"'... W8fX 52

Never Say Die- &, Letters- &8, Awards-138. Fun! - 144. Contests - 14&. Ham Help- 149, 155. 1&1 , 174, 182.looking West -1 50. leaky Lines-152. OX -153, Corrections-c-te't . Social Evenls-163, Kahaner Report- 1&&,RTTY Loop-167, New Products -c-tba, OSCAR Orbits-1 76. Dealer Directory- 209, Propagation - 209

Cover: More than 50 satellite antennas were on hand at an August. 1981, trade show and seminar !n Omaha , Nebraska. Photo byTim Daniel N8RK.

73 Magazine· Novem ber, 1981 5

• •

editorial by Wayne Green

W2NSD/iNEVER SAY DIE

NO TAXES!

Looking for a Job? 73is currently seeking applicants for oneof its lop staff positions. In addition 10 being a non-smoker,the qualified candidate will be a ham with an outstandingknowledge of electronics, an exceuent command of theEnglish language, and experience as a working journalist. Weoffer a competitive salary, fine fringe benefits, and excellentworking conditions-as well as the opportunity to live andwork in beautiful, tax-tree New Hampshire. Interested partiesshould respond with resumes to: Managing Editor, 73Magazine, Pine Street, Peterborough NH 03458

When I visited Kenya 15 yearsago, there was hope for someblack hams, Would there be anynow? Any OXer knows that thereare very few active hams in all ofAfr ica ... and how many o f youhave ever worked a black ama­teu r in Alrica? I wanted to knowwhat the possibili ties are fo r de­veloping black amateurs in

A call from South Afr ica as­sured me that my ham licenseshad been taken care 01 lor ZS,306, and 7P8, complete with rigsto use in all three countries. Thefirst reports were that the 7P8was impossible, that no li­censes had been issued in ages,but then at the last minute theygot it through. A small plane hadbeen chartered for the 3D6-7P8trip.

Finally, exactly one monthafter that phone call from SouthAfrica, Sherry and I were on aPan Am plane heading for Rioand Johannesburg. We had ourpassports and visas, a changeot clothes, lois of cameras andfilm, and hopes fo r an cpportun­ity to help both amateur radioand computing to grow.

What would I find In Ah ica? In1966, I had seen the dtstnteqea­non ot Uganda as a result of thetransfer of power to the blacks.They had forced the white farm­ers to leave the country. with theresullthat the farms, which hadbeen the major source 01 m­come for Uganda via their ex­porting 01 cctfee. sugar, andfood, had virtually gone out ofbusiness. I saw hundreds 01 de-­serted farms and lillie left in theway of crops. I suspect that thisweakened the country and madepossible the takeover by Amin ashort while later.

Next they threw ou t theAs ians , who had been runningalmost 100% of the small busi­nesses and stores, effec tivelydestroying what was lett of theeconomy 01 the country. Tan­zania followed a similar pattern,as discussed in detail in a bookSouth of the Moon, by Lytle!.Both countries were headingrapidly away from civilization... back to the bush ,

In Kenya, the first president ,Jomo Kenyatta, kept the whiteand Asian intra-structure rela­tively intact, thus preserving thecountry much better than theothers. When Kenyalla diedthree years ago, he was suc­ceeded by President Moi and Iwondered what changes I wouldsee.

chance to compare Kenya o f to.day wi th what I'd seen 15 yearsago.

The fi rst big hassle was get,ting the visas for all of thosecountries wi thin a few days.This had to be done in wasnrnc­ton, so we brought along ourpassports and the reams 01papers, photographs, and visafees when we went down tomeet with the new chairman ofthe FCC, Mark Fowler. A prctes­stone! visa expediter workedhard on it and got the passportsback to us at Kennedy Airport inNew York just minutes beforeour departure. That's enough topush anyone ulcer-prone overthe edge.

Just to add to the comfort andrelaxat ion o f my trip, thingswere coming to a head at homeon Hawthorne-Green Institute, acooperative deal with a localcollege in New Hampshire toteach computing using our stalland laboratory, a prospectivenew magazine (which had meflying to California and NewYork in the last few days beforetaking off for Africa), two otherprospective magazines (moretraveling), and contracts withthree microcomputer firms forsoftware development (moretravel).

Sherry looked over the routingto South Af rica and found thatthe best (lowest cost) route wasvia Rio de Janeiro on the wayover and via Nairobi in Kenya onthe way back. The overnightstop in Rio would help us to getto South A/rica rested, so thatwas a good move. I had her adda little to the Nairobi stopover sowe could see the town, visit thegame park, and even get downto the south coast of Kenya,below Mombasa, for a coupledays of rest on the IndianOCean. This would give me a

visited so fa r, th is would put mewell over one hundred. Plus Iwanted to know what was goingon in South Africa as far as bothamateur radio and computersare concerned and there is noth·ing like a personal vrsu.

It had been 15 years since Ihad been to Africa, with the ex­ception of Egypt. In 1966, Italked some other hams into go­ing over for a hunting safari inKenya, using as my guide abook by Herter on how to go onsafari for $660. We'd visitedKenya, Uganda, and Tanzania atthe time and my impression wasthat all of these countries wereheaded away from civilization,with the latter two going back tothe bush the fast est .

W2NSDI1 ON-TH E-AIRSCHEDULE

NOVEMBER, 1981

Date Band/Mode

3 15-2Om Phone10 20m RTTY17 15-2Om Phone2.4 2Q-40m Phone

We'll be on the air 7:00­10:00 pm eastern time onthe dates listed above.Look for us in the first 25kHz of the General classportion of the band. Whentwo bands are listed, we'llspend 90 minutes on thefirst band and then switchto the second.

DARKEST AFRICA

What would you say if thephone rang one day and some­one offered you an an-expensespaid trip 10 Africa . .. for two?

It wa s July 4th, a Saturday,and I was sitting there writing aneditorial. Weekends are the onlytime when there are no tnterrup­nons and I can concentrate onwriting. SO I was annoyed whenone otthe phones rang. I got allover the aggravation when Ifound I was talking with SouthAfrica ... that there was goingto be a microcomputer exposi­tion in Johannesburg in a monthand they wanted me to comedown at their expense to ac­dress the group.

Wi th a new magazine beinglaunched in September, I washesi tant. We have a lot riding onthe success of Desktop com­puting and I didn't want to takeany chances.

When they threw in shortvrstts 10 Swaziland and Lesotho,I was hooked. With 99 countries

6 73 Magazine . November, 1981

• Repeater reverse switchHa ndy for ch ecktng SigtlHls on th e Inputof a repeater o r for d eremumng ifa repeater is "upside down ."

• Separate digital readcuteTo d isplay freque ncy (b oth receive a ndtran sm it) and memory rhnnru-l.

• LED bar meterFor monttormg received Si~IIaI level a n dRF output.

• LED indicatorsTo s how: +600 kHz. s im plex. o r ·600 kHztransrn ttter offset: BUSY channel; ON AIR.

• TONE sw it chTo actuate subaudlble tone module (notKenwood-supplied).

• Compact sizeDepth is reduced substan llally.

• MobUe mounting bracketWith quick-release levers.

More information o n th e TR-7850 Isava ilable frorn all authorized dealers ofTrio-Kenwood Co m rnu n tcat ton s1111 Wes t Wa lnu t S treet, Com pto n,Californ ia 9 0220 .

Matching a ccessory for fixed-statJonoperation :• KPS-12 nxed-stauon powe-r supply for

TR-7850Othe.. accessories Dot shown:• Kf'S.-7 Ilxed-stanon power supply for

TR-7800• SP-40 com pact m obile s pea ker

• Priority alertMO memory is priori ty channe l. "Beep "alerts opera tor when signa l a ppears, onpriority cha n nel. Operation can beswitched im med ia te ly 10 priority channelwith the push of a switch .

• Built-in autopatch touch-pad (DTMF)encoderFront-panel touch pad generates a ll 12telcphone-rompaUble dual tones Intransrntt mode . plus four add itional DTM Fs i,l.!na ling tones (with s im ultaneous pushof REV switch).

• Front-panel keyboardFo r frequency selectron. transmit offsetselection. me mory progra mmtng. scancon trol. a nd setecuon of autopatr-hen coder tones.

• AutoscanEntire band 15-kHz or lo-kHz stepsl andrnemones. Automaticallv 1000ks on busvchan nel; scan resumes a u tcmaucally a fterseveral seconds. unless CLEAR or mi ePTT button Is pressed to r-a ne-e! sca n .

• Up/down manual scanEntire band (5-kHz o r lO-kHz steps) a ndmemories. with UP/DOWN microphone(standard).

---------- ~~~~~g.oo

Kenwood'. remarkable TR-7850 2 -meterFM mobile transceiver provides all thefeatures you could desire. Includinga powerful 40 watts RF output. Fre­quency selection Is easier tban ever. andtbe rig incorporates new memory devel­opments (or repeater shift. priority. an dacan. and includes a built-in aut opa tc htouch-pad (DTMF) encoder. A 25-wauoutput version. the TR-7800, is alsoav.Dable.

40 W, 15 memories/offset recall, scan, priority, DTMFtouch-pad

TR-7B50

TR-7850 FEATURES:

• Powerful 40 watt. power outputSelectab le h igh or low power operallon .High -tn-wan output provides reliablesignal fo r wide area coverage.

• 15 multifunction memory channels,easily selectable with a rotary controlMI-MI3 .. . memorize freque ncy and offse-t(±600 k l lz or simplex) . M I 4 .. . memorizetran sm it and rece ive Ireq uenc tes rndepen­dentlv for n onstandard offset.MO. .: priority chan nel. with s implex.± 600 kllz. or nonstandard o ffsetoperation .

• Internal battery backup fOf all memoriesAll memory cha nnels Itncl udtng transm ttoffset) a rc retained when four AA NiCdbatteries (not Kenwood supplied) a rcins talled in battery holder inside TR-7850.Batteries are a utoma ucally charged whiletra n sceiver is con nected to 12·VOC SOUI1-"e.

• Extended frequency coverage143.900-148 .995 MHz. In swnchabte5-kHz or IQ-kHz s teps.

SP~'c!flcQ/lol1sand prln's are subl ' ·'·/IO chan!!" w i/houl 110rke Or obligation.

FOR SALE

The 73 ham shack oilers the fOllowing equipment for sa le.All is new, but the boxes have been opened.

Superfox radar detector (60-3)- $219.00Yaesu speaker (SP107P)- $66.OOSony mutnbanc radio (iCf2001)- $272.ooMiller antenna tuner (AT2500)- $629.95

Anyone interested should contac t Matthew Smith at(603)·924·3737.

by Bandel Linn K4PPWell ... 1Can Dream, Can'! I?

STAFF""llJSHEilVf.DfTOlII

W. ".. _W2NSDI"

EXECUTlYIE VICE I'lIESlOfJrlT_....~MSlSTAHT PUlllISHEIllEDlTOll

Je ll o.T,.y Wll88 TH

ASSOCIATE PUlllSHEIIIDll'lECTOAOF PUlIllCATIOJrlS

Edw.rd Ferm.n WA1UFY

MAN"'OIJrlO EDITDAJo hn By, .,.ll

ASST. .. ...NAGING EDITORS<lun PMbflC~

EDITORiAl A.SSlSTANT$Nancy Nc>y<l

RIcl>ata _ .

REVIEW EOITOIl"-uI G",", 0. lUI

CONTAIIWTING lonOA$cr.n. ll<own KA10T.... O"... _ ...

.....,... G<..- N l 8EJlatty 11,_ W82NEL

ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISlANT

~~­ASSOCIATES

_B.... WB2GH801! Go.....,. IIHe

Sanl/llf G,.....[)a>e Ingfam M,nWJJoe 11.._ G3ZCZ

Dr, Marc Lea" J WA3AJ IlD••• Mann "'Z Aa Z

Bill I" .'.tn••WMITF"el.r 51••• K2QAW

Afr ica. llell thai if amateur radiois going 10 gel the support itneeds from the 57 countries ofAfrica, black amateurs are amust.

The flight 10 Brazil is muchlike those 10 Europe, only long­er. You leave in the evening andarrive early the ned morning,pooped. At best, I gel no morethan short naps on a plane. Be­tween the frequent meals. themovies, people walki ng aroundand ta lking, and the crying cnn­dren, there is litt le peace onthese long flights.

One day is not enough to real­Iy see all of Brazil, let aloneRio. We arrived early in themorning to find the city heavilyhazed over and went straight toour hotel and a catch-up sleep.That aflernoon we visited somefriends and laid the groundworkfor a return vis it to talk wi th the

government in Brasilia aboutsetting up ham clubs in the highschools.

Brazil , as you may have readin the September Reader's Di­gest, is aiming to become ahigh-technology country . Ipointed out to them that there isa parallel between the numberof hams a country has and itselectronics and communica­tions technology. Since this is

no co incidence, the best way toget the needed technic ians andengineers is to get amateurradio growing in Brazil .. . in thehigh schools.

Early the next morning wewere back on a plane, headedfor Johannesburg. We got inaround midnight, with some de­lays due to the air con trollers'

Continued on page 164

"Since you're arranging things for Field Day, let me suggest the use of mymountaintop ranch! Champagne and Reuben sandwiches will be provided bymy staff __. "

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8 73 Magazine' November , 1981

Wired and tested : $79 .95

Food for thought.OUf new Universal Tone Encoder lends it's versatility toall tastes . The menu includes all cress. as well as BurstTones, Touch Tones, and Test Tones. No counter or testequipment required to set frequency -just dial it in . Whiletraveling, use it on your Amateur transceiver to access toneoperated systems, or in your service van to check out yourcustomers repeaters; also , as a piece of test equipment tomodulate your Service Monitoror signal generator. It caneven operate off aninternal nine voltbattery, and is availablefor one day de livery,backed by our oneyear warranty.

• All tones in Group A and Group B are included.• Output level flat to within 1.5db over entire range selected .• Separate level adjust pots and output connections for each tone

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Group A67.0 XZ 91 .5 ZZ 118.8 28 156 .15A71.9 XA 94.8 ZA 123.03Z 162.25B74 .4 WA 97.4 ZB 127.:l3A 167.96Z71.0 XB 100.0 IZ 131.838 113.86A79.7 SP 103 .5 1A 136.5 4Z 119.96B82.5 yz 107.2 IB 141.34A 186.2 7Z85 .4 YA 1I0.92Z 146.24B 192.8 7A88 .5 YB 114.8 2A 151.4 5Z 203 .5 MI

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Wilsons unique " v ert-Mount " provides t he easiest installa­t ion and mounting method availab le today. The 4pcconst ruction of the dish provides easier hand ling, lessinstallatio n ti me, and greatly reduced shipping cost s.

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73 Magazine · November, 1981 13

•

The Satellite TV Challenge-73 Magazine's answer

•

R. L. Drake is a name that hams recognize. Their stylishTYRO receiver drew a crowd at SPTS Omaha. (See NewProducts sect ion in this issue.) Drake is marketing thereceiver in conjunction with another well-known amateurradio firm, Hoosier Electronics.

Tim Daniel NBRK73 Milg.azine Staff

Internat iona f Crystal was one of the first firms to enter thehome seteitite TV market. They have expanded their line toindude accessories that help make a good signa' becomebetter.

14 73 Magazine . November, 1981

W e lco me to the sate l­lite TV c ha lle nge.

Thi s issue of 73 Magazinemarks the start of a regularsection devoted to the rap­idly advanci ng TYRO (Te le­v ision Receive O nly) f ield.We at 73 are q uite excitedabout th is promising, vi rtu­ally untapped, tec hnology.

Why Satellite TV?

H am s are in novators.They make complex and ex­pensive technology under­standa ble and affordable.As a magazine, 73 has beenin the forefront of amateur

radio's inno vations, f irstpus hing so lid-sta te gear,SSB, FM and repeaters, and,more rece ntly, popularizingmicrocomputers . Along theway, 73 has shown that thespi rit of ham radio is notconfi ned to the spec trumand privileges allo tted to usby the FCC. Si milarly, satel­lite TV is more than justwatching " free" movies .Don' t take our word on it:read WA1 DCP and W2lKQ'sa rtic le, "Space Spmoffs," inth is issue. There you willsee tha t muc h of the pio­nee r work behind the homesatellite TV industry has

been done by hams. Whatdoes the future hold? Thatdepends o n you!

Natura l Highs

Remember the thrill thataccompa nies the co mple­tion of a piece of home­brew gear or a kit? O r, howabout t he excitement eachtime you work a new COWl"

try? These kinds of naturalhighs are part of the satel­lite TV world, too. Sure, youcan spend a fistful of bucksto have so meo ne insta ll anddebug a TVRO system. But,for a real adrenaline rush,put together your own sys­tem. When everyt hing isfinally in place and thosefirst pictu res appear after

traveling 22,000 + miles,you will be very excited.Even then, your work is notfinished . There are new sat­ell ites to find , picture q uali­ty to improve on, e tc. Thecha llenge and swee t feelingof success are waiting foryou .

Ge tt ing Started

The sa te llite TV field isnot what e ngineers ca ll" steady state." You can' t re­ly on t hings staying t hesame, no r can you expect tolearn everything overnight.Getti ng sta rted means awillingness to learn . Thereare new buzzwords to mas­ter and a new industry tobecome familiar with . For

Hamfest attendees will probably rec ognize th is smilingface. John Ramsey is the man behind the Ra msey Elec­tronics booth. Sat. rec, a subsidiary of Ramsey Electronics,is manufacturer o f satellite receivers. John took time out atthe SPTSseteltite TVseminar in Omaha to share some of thesecrets of designing and bu ilding low cost TVR O gea r.

NmNN4

Three-piece Earth slation.

You need only three items to receive satellite TV:1) A large dish-type antenna with a gain 0138 dB or more at

4 GHz. It depends on your geograph ical locat ion and can becalcu lated (see " How Big a Dish?', . Surface accuracy of thedish must be within 118 inch to achieve any efficiency. A TVantenna rotator can be used to change antenna feed polariza­tion. The types of antenna mounts are varied, but generallylallinto two categories: polar mounts which have one turningaxis and are similar to those used by astronomers, andazimuth/elevat ion mounts having two turning axes similar tothose used by OSCAR chasers. Adjustable mounts aredesirable now that several satellites have programming.

2) A preamplifier, known in the jargon as an lNA (low noiseamplilier), boosts the very weak signal. It is a broadbanddesign covering 3.7 to 4.2 GHz wi th 30 to 50 dB gain and at -to-z-ce noise figure. The GaAsFET transistors used in lNAsach ieve these noise f igures with ease at th is frequency, butrequ ire care in handling. Careful choice of lNA noise f igureand dish antenna ga in are very important to receiving noise­Iree pictures. To avoid signal loss, the lNA is generallylocated at the dish an tenna feed point which, for a parabolicdish, would be at the dish focus or focal point. A feedhorn 01c ircular or rectangular design couples the lNA to the dish.

3) The lNA output Is fed down low-less coax to an FM reoceiver similar to that used by Ma Beilin the same frequencyband. Senaltivity must be something around - 50 to - 60dBm with a 1(}.to·15-dB noise fi gure. A received carrier-to­no ise rat io of at least 10 dB will yield good pictures once theFM threshold of the receiver is exceeded. Noise or snow onthe TV screen is referred to as scerkues. t-t bandwidth usuallyis somewhere between 20 and 30 MHz. Dual conversion isused, but sing le conversion designs are gaining in popularity.Subcarrier detectors recover the FM sound. The sound andvideo outputs of the receiver can feed a TV monitor, your VTR,or a modulator to get the signal into VHF or UHF for your TVreceiver.

9"'"

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SATELLITE TV BASICSStephen GibsonPO Bolt 38386

Hollywood CA 90038Nearly all of the TV satellites are In geostationary orbit

around the Earth's equator. This belt is known as the Clarkebelt, after famed science fict ion author Arthur C. Clarke sug­gested the Idea of orbiting relay stations back in the forties.The satellites are sometimes called "birds" and are locatedabout 22,300 miles above the surface of the planet . Becausethey turn with the same speed as t he Earth, they appear to bestanding still. An antenna pointed at a Clarke orbit satellitedoes not have to be moved.

Geosynchronous satellites are located in the Clarke belt. Th isdiagram includes only those birds that carry regUlar videoprogramming.

The uplink is in the 5.9-to.Q.4-GHz band. The mode Is wloe­band FM video. Each satellite has either 12 or 24 transpond·ers depending on design. Channel bandwidth is 40 MHz, butneg lecting guard bands, pract ical bandwidth is 30 MHz. Thesound is generally sent on a 6.2- or 6.S-MHz FM subcarrier.Downlink is in the 3.7·to-4.2-GHz band. Ma Bell here on Earthshares these frequencies and nearly dominates the band inmetropolitan areas. Bell carr iers are o ffset ~ 10 MHz fromsatellite carriers, so traps in the i-f can sometimes knock MaBell out of the picture.

The 24-ehannel birds use a method o f frequency reuse toget the 12 extra channels. The trick is simply to send 12 chan­nels vertically polarized and the other 12 horfzonteuv polar.Ized. Polarization is relat ive to the North Pole or the antennaskew ang le on the bird and not your locat ion.

73 Magazine . November, 1981 15

UPCOMING ARTICLES

" Bob Cooper: Profile of a Pioneer"" Satell ite Channel Guide. Part II"Stephen Gibson on receiversProduct reviews and construction articles"Satellite TV Glossary"

•

an introduction in a nut­shell . read Stephen Gib­son's " Sate ll ite TV Basics,"in cluded here. Fro m thereyou migh t want to tackl e" How Big a Dish?", also in­cluded in this issue. All ofthis is just a fraction of theinformation we hope tobring to you via the pagesof 73. W hether you want todive right in o r just ease in tothe satel lite TV cha llen ge,we' ll be here to show yout he way.

What Good Is IIISatel lite TV can be more

than just a technica l toy. ATVRO system is a great wayto educate and entertainyour family. There are hun­dreds of hours of top-quah­tv, com m ercial-f ree televi­sion ava ilable each week.For a glimpse a t wha t satel-

lite TV offers, see the " Sat­ellite Channel Cuide" inthis issue. Wh ile the re a reimportant legal issues toconsider, don 't be put offby someone that says ahome satellite receiver is il­legal. That just isn't so. In afutu re issue we will have anin-depth look at the legalissues su rrou nd ing satell iteTV.

Opportunity KnocksDon't be surprised if you

see a lot of familiar-lookingnames associa ted wit h thesa te llite TV ind ustry. A re­cent sa te llite TV sem inarand trade show in Omaha,Nebraska, was a lmost like ahamfe st, with companieslike R.l. Drake, KlM, andWilson exhibiting the latestin home sa te llite gear. In­divid ua l ha ms and ma nu-

facturers are find ing a lu­crative market in sate lliteTV. l ike any other growingfie ld, it takes initiative tomake it, but the opportun i­ties a re there. (For an in­tense three-day exposure tothe commercia l and techni­cal aspects of home sa te l­lite TV, consider attendingt he next Satellite PrivateTerminal Sem ina r, spo n­sored by STTI. Box G, Arca­dia OK.)

7J Magazine' s coverageof the satellite TV chal­lenge is not possible with­out you r help. A key ingre­dien t to our effo rts is adver-

using. Please tell manufac­turers " I saw your ad in 73."Another reader respo nsib ili­ty involves fil li ng out andre turning the Reader Ser­vice card that accompan ieseach issue.

If you are working onsomething new. please takethe time to share you rknowledge with a ll of us. ln­put in the form of artic les,product reviews, and o r­dinary letters is welcome.You can be sure that we willca re fu lly co nsid e r yourcomments. bu t it may notbe poss ible to answer al lcorrespondence direct ly.•

KLM, a big name in ham radio antennas, has ioined thesatell ite game with several complete s ystems. Theirautomated track ing system allows you to turn your dishfrom bird to bird from the comfort of your living room.

16 73 Magazine. November, 1981

While the experts debate the relative merits o f sphericalantennas like the one shown here, hobbyists are finding newand simpler ways to build th is inexpensive "8-baf/" design.

-

Space Spinoffsfor Amateur Radio

the makings of a communications revolution

73 Magazine publisher Wayne Green W2NSD discusses the ham radio. satellite TV tie-inwith Portus Barlow WA1DCP, president of Downlink.

Portus C. Barlow WA 1D(PDownlink, Inc.30 Park StreetPutnam CT 06260

wes Thomas W21KQ606 Filth A venuefa st Northport NY 11711

Revo lu t io nary changes try gea ring up for rooftopin amateur radio may data and video bus iness

be on the way. With the c o m m u n i c a t i o n s, newcost of backyard TVRO form s of space-age amateur(televi sion receive only) svs- radio communications aretern s plummeting and the becoming feasible . Heretelecommunications indus- are some of the mind-bog­

gling possibilities:• National or global two­way amateu r sate ll ite com­m unica t io ns, 24 hours aday.• Dramatically improvedmoonbounce communica­tions. using low-cost TYROdish antennas at microwavefrequencies.• And national packet­switched microwave-linkedre p e a t e r networks forvoice, electronic mai l, andinformation-bank access.

Right now, there's over1100 MHz of amateur spec­trum to work with. virtuallyunused (see Fig. 1). And that

1215-1300 MHz·2300-2450 MHz3300-3500 MHz·5651).5925 MHz·10·10.5 GHz·24-24.25 GHz·

-seteune operation permittedon part or all of band.

Fig. 1. Practical microwaveamateur bands.

18 73 Magazine · November, 1981

"The mystery Is out 01 microwaves."

Wha t's Next?Here's a sneak preview of what's coming in home satellite

TV. Watch for:• A $350 electronically-switched polarization device ,

eliminating need for mechanical rotation of the teed horn.• An easv-to-bcud. complete TVRO pre-packaged kit for

under S2,0Cl0.• Microprocessor·controlled dish antennas and receivers

for satellite selection and traCk ing, and tra nsponder scanningand selection, all ti9d in wilh programmable VTRs.

RelerencesRobert Cooper, "The Satell iteTV Primer," 73 Magazine, No­vember, 1979.New Howard Manual, Coop'sOperations Menual, GibsonSatellite Navlgetor, WashburnReceiver Manual, Nelson Anten­na Manual, and Coop 's SatelliteDigest (monthly), a ll from sn,Box G, Arcadia OK 73007.The Home Satellite TV Book , E.Terrence Easton, Playboy Press,February, 1982.Satelli te Channel Chart . BI­monthly guide to programmingon all domestic satellites in-

race for direct-broadcastsa te llite se rv ices will spinoff some great equipment!Ha ms a re a lready at24 GHzd uring co nte sts.

Tay lor Ho ward W6HDoffers some interestingtho ughts about the specif icdeve lopments that are instore fo r amateur radio . Hese es antenna feed design,lowe r cost detectors, andmic rowave-f requency fil ­tering o n PC boa rds as keyareas. On the uplink side,W6H D believes we need todevelop low-cost solid­state a m plif ie rs, h igh-sta b il­ity multip lier c ha ins, and in­expensive synthesiz ers." The mystery is o ut of m i­c ro w a ves," Howard says," a nd hams are the o neswho will pioneer low-costup link ing.".

full -blown amateu r sate llitecom m unica tio ns sys te m.

Cons ider this, a ga in theo­retically: Two Watts in tothe standard 12-foot-TVROantenna is suffic ie n t toco m m u nica te v ia a geosta­ti ona ry sa te ll ite wit h aa-kf-tz-wide s igna l. For a full36-MHz-w ide vide o signalyou 'd need about f ivekilowatts.

That suggests some in ter­esting possib ili t ie s. W hy notle a se a preemptable 4-kHzsubca rrie r on a commercialsa te llite? Think of it as a re­peater wit h very goodrange! Say, the e ntire US,Ca nad a, and Mexico ! Tokeep things under control ,an encryption circu it cou ldbe built right into the trans­ponder receiver. Thi s wouldallow the common carrier(RCA, Western Union, etc.Ito shut out a mateu rs w henthe ci rcu it was needed fo ra no the r c usto me r.

And what about t heworld of G Hz and above?Hams are there experiment­ing, too, thanks to the com­me rcia l ava ila b il ity o fGun np lexers. The c o m ing

•elud ing sports events. S151year

Satellite TV net h8ms in- from WESTSAT ccmrnumce-terest9d In satellite TV lions, Box 434, Pleasanton CAhave " .n gathering on 94566.2. meters, 14.310 MHz, SATG ulde. Month ly guide tostarting at 1900 UTe on SATCOM I programming. $361Sundays. year from Commtek Publish ing

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Howard. l e t' s take a look athow this might proceed.R ight now, 1 296 MH zse e ms to be the frontier,w ith jus t a handful of pio­neers using the band forEME (moo nbounce). SteveMieth W6YFK, for example,is ach ieving EME echo w ithan 18-foot TVRo-style para­bol ic a nte nna, 80 to 100Watts into the feed, and apre a m p with a 1-d B noisefigu re . Thi s su re beats thosemonster two-meter a rraysand l -kW rigs ! Steve a lsohas had some su ccess o n2300 MHz with a similar se t­up. The 2300 band is inter­es t ing be ca use o f thedozens of c o m pa nies man­ufacturing MDS receivers,as well a s the surp lus gea rthat is becoming a vailable.Dxers with a n e ye on the2400-MHz band may get ac hance to try thei r hand atreceivi ng signa ls from theUoSAT sa te llite, scheduledfor launc h this fall.

Another interesting bandis 3.4 to 3 .5 GHz which fallsright below the 3.7-t0-4.2­TVRO band. We could eas i­ly adapt low-cost TVROlow-noise amplifiers andantennas for this band, tosa y nothing of all thatsurp lus Ma Bell and mili­tary gear availab le. Com­b ine those possib ili tie s w iththe 5.65-to-5 .92 5-G Hz band ,which falls ju st below the 6­G Hz uplink band. PowerGaAs FETs and other trans­mitting devices a re becom­ing avai lab le, so we t heore t­ica lly have the bas is of a

doesn 't include the 31 GH zallocated a bove 24 GH z.Best of all, there is greatpromise for low-co st equ ip­ment be c o m ing ava ilab lefor the bands between 1a nd 24 GHz.

What e q u ip men t, youask? W ell , co nsi de r themountain of gear a vailab lefo r 3.7-to-4.2-G Hz sa te lliteTV reception . Many hamshave thi s eq uipme nt sitti ngin their backyards already,a imed at o ne of the elevendomestic (US and Ca na da)sa te llite s. Hams alreadyhave played a key ro le inthe TVRO technology thatha s exploded since BobCoope r W5KHT " we nt pub­lic" in TV Guide. Herea re s o me of t h e keyde velopments;• Bob Coleman K4AWB'splans for co nve rt ing surp lusmicrowa ve equipment.• O live r Sw a n 's revolu­t ionary low-cost " w indo wsc ree n" spherica l a n te nna,ca pa ble of c a p tu ring stg­na ls from se ve ra l sa te llite s,• Tay lor Howard W6 HD'slow-cost , do-it -yourselfTVRo-receiver design .• Bob l ul y KA6KB U' s22-po und, 12-foot, portableumbrella antenna .• Steve Gibso n' s m ic ro­co m pute r-co ntrolle d anten­na .e Cl vde W a shburn 's 24­channe l, tunable TVRO re­ce ive r.

The re sul t of all this inno­va t io n: under-$4000, con­sume r-TVRO systems. Fora n idea of what the futuremight hold, see the box.

" The next logical step isto sta rt working on low-costuplinking," says StanfordUniversity Professo r Taylor

73 Magazine. November, 1981 19

Photos by Tim Daniel

Stephen Gibson enjoys both computers and Earth stations.

•

I

•

,l'IJ

- Satellite Central, part I

Stephen GibsonPO Box 38386Hollywood CA 90038

eginning this month, Iwill cover the princ i­

ples of sa te llite TV with aneye on details on how youcan desig n and build or buyyour own Earth stat ion. Inthe months that foll ow, Iwi ll continue with the ba­sics of each element of yourTYRO (telev ision receiveonly) terminal. I hope thatthis series. Satellite Central.will become a conduit fo rideas and developmentsthat will mak e const ructionand operat ion of your Earthstat ion muc h easier.

I also hope to include sat­ellite technical info andsome program informationof interest to add to the fun .There is more than just TVup on the sate ll ites and wewill cover every aspect in

some detail so you can pur­sue your own bra nd of DXfrom the sky. This is an ex­citing new way for you toliven up your communica­tions hobby because every­one around you can appre­ciate your efforts.

How Big A Dish?{Not All Locations AreCreated Equal}

I t seem s appropriate tostart off our discussion withantennas. Because the re­ceived-signallevels are veryweak, we need rather highantenna gains. How muchgain is needed?Good ques­t ion . I t works out that" where you are" is every­thing. Most of the birds withTV on them do not employglobal-coverage antennapatterns. In fact, they areq uite select ive . Sign allevels vary severa l dB overt he con ti ne nta l Un it edStates.

20 73 Magazine· November, 1981

Getting from here to there with a dish antenna requiressome ingenuity. This is one company 's answer to theproblem.

Fig. 1. Use this footprint map of antenna coverage patternsfrom SA TCOM 1 to calculate the received signal level atyou r loca tion. SATCOM and COMSTAR sa telli tes havethree o ther footprint pa tterns including th is one fo r all 24transponders. WESTA R and ANIK birds use a single patternfor all 12 transponders. WESTA R II I, not shown. is at 90.0°.

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Noise is the Culprit

If we could find a placein the universe where t herewas no mo lecu lar activit ywe'd have a very quietplace. It would also be verycold. Radi o a stronomersuse a sca le known as theKelvin sca le to mea sureno ise temperatu re in thesky. Zero degrees on theKelvin scale is ro ughl ysome 273 degrees belowzero degrees on the Centi­grade sca le. If we th ink ofze ro degrees Kelvin as zeroac tivity and noi se, then wehave an absolute sca le to

. .meas u re nots e In ou rsystem.

Typical sources of noisethat can bother our TVRO

6 feet. 35.0 dB8 teet.. 37.5 dB

10 teet.. 39.5 dB12 feet 41 .0 dB15 Ieet.. .42.9 dB20 teet.. .44.5 dB

Table 1. Typical dish anten­na gains at 4 CHz based ondiameter. These values canvary based on the effic ienc yof you r feed arrangementand dish accuracy.

make it louder. Dish-designantennas are perhaps a bet­ter choice because t hey of­fer more gai n per area/costand t hey h a ve narrowbe amwidths which me an sthey don' t see as muchno ise. Table 1 is a list ofp ractica l a ntenna sizes andtheir gains .

Note that a 20-foot dishhas only about 44 .5 d Bga in,bu t we need 80 dB ga in.Looks bad, doesn't it? Sowe're back to add ing apreamp.

New p roblem. The pre­a mp m ust have an excellentnoise figu re . In fac t, thep reamp ha s a specialNASA·type desig nationcalled lNA, which is simply" low no ise am pl ifier." It ap­pears that we must some­how have enoug h antennaga in to overcome the in­coming terrest rial noise andthe no ise genera ted by thelNA.

So we need gai n and lotsof it. O nly one problem.The awful tru th is tha t ayag i (even at Radio Shac kspecs) o r a whol e a rray ofyag is don't have enoughga in even if you could gett hem a ll to o perate inphase. The antenna a rrayneeded to meet the rece iverreq uirements would be gi­gantic and probably costmore than next year's na­t ional debt!

Satellite designe rs pre­dict the coverage patte rnsas " foo tprints" on a map.Fig. 1 is a footp ri nt map forexpected signa l inte nsitiesfrom SATCOM 1, a verypopular cable-TV b ird. De­spi te the accu racy withwhich we can stee r a Voy­ager pr obe in to o rb ita round Saturn, we can pre­dict o nly withi n a couple ofdB or so what the signallevel footp rints will actual­Iy be. You may th ink that'svery good (and it is), bu t itcan make a big differencein your ante nna (pocket­bookwise) as we sha ll soonsee.

footprint TrackingMade Easy

The numbers on the mapare signa l levels in dBW(decibe ls above 1 Walt).They look pretty su bs tan­t ial. Bu t the sate llites areabou t 22,300 miles away, sothere must be some lo ss. Itworks out to about - 196dB at 4 GHz. Using t he cen­ter of the footpr int, for ex­ample. where the powerlevel is + 36 d BW, t hesigna l arriving here on Earthis re a ll y - 1 60 da w(+36- 196 = - 160 d BW),and that's weakl f n fa ct, it'sso weak tha t we don't havea receiver sensitive enoughto get it! A typical TVRO re­ceiver needs someth ing like-80 dBW to work.

So wh y n o t a d d aprea mp? Fine, but vag! an­ten nas and the like al sopick up terrestrial no ise anda preamp won't make thenoise go away; it'll just

73 Magazine. November, 1981 21

•

An antenna shootout was fea tured at SPTS Omaha. Itproved that aU antennas are not created equal. Tests by twoimpartia l engineers gave both manu facturers and buyers achance to see which antennas were up to snu ff.

Next, we must know thesystem noise temperature.This is a mixture of antennanoise, lNA noise, and re­ce ive r noise. Inasmuch aswe must surpass the noiseth res hold of the rece ive r byat least 10 dB, we can ig­nore receiver noise temper­ature and just deal with theantenna noise a nd lNAnoise. Fig. 2 is a graph oftypica l antenna noise tem­pera tures based on eleva­tion angle . No tice t ha t t henoise appears to drop as wetilt the a ntenna back fromthe Earth towards the opensky.

Table 2 is a list of typica ll NA noi se tempera tu resyou are likely to find . As ofth is writing, 100 degrees isconside red a very goodlNA for the money. Thatmay change. If we now addthe LNA noise temperatureto the noise intercepted bythe antenna we have a fairidea of the system noisetempera ture . Fo r exam ple,an antenna tilted ba ck to 45degrees e levation might in­tercept 20 degrees Kelvinnoise . Suppose we chose a100 degree lNA. Adding,we get an overall noise tern­perature of 120°. Then al lwe do is use the form ula,Noise Powe r = KTB.

1 .38 x 10 - 2] X 120 0 X

30 x 1()6 =49 xl0 - 15. Con­verting to a power ratio:Noise in daW = 10 log(Noise Power) = - 13 3dBW.

If you've managed tostay with the numbe rs sofar , you can see that thesigna l from space (- 160daW) is weaker tha n thenoise level (- 133 daW).But if we add in some an­tenna gain -say 40 dB orso-we boost the signa lfrom space up an d out ofthe noi se to - 120 dBW:- 16O d BW + 40dBd ish =- 120 dgw signal level.

Then subtract ing : - 120dBW (No ise) - (-) 133dBW (Signa l with ante nna)= 1 3 dB C/N, The sa te llitesigna l ex ceeds the noi selevel by a robust 13 dB. giv-

equals a noisetemperature of

3.0dB2.5dB2.0 dB1.5 dB1.3 dB1.0 dB

Anolsefigure of

290 ° K225° K170° K120° K100 ° K

75 ° K

Simple Dish Math

We use th is formula tocalculate noise leve l: NoisePower = KT B, where K =Boltzman 's constant, 1 .38X 10 - 23, T = syste m noisetem peratu re, and B = sys­tem bandwidth.

Perhaps you've guessedthat we need an antennawith enough directionalityto ignore terrestrial noise.System designe rs expressthis as a ratio of ca rrie r-to­noi se , o r ClN. As a ru le ,most rece ivers need a C/Nrat io of about 10 dB. Thatis, the received carrier mustbe 10 dB hotter than thenoise to get clear pictures.So all we really need toknow is the satellite signallevel at ou r loca t ion andthe no ise level, If we ad d 10dB to the difference weshou ld have the req uiredantenna gain.

Table 2. LNA noise tempera­ture to noise figure co nver­s.on.

How do we use it to get aright an swer? (A ll too ofte n,you see a fo rmula and plugin some sa mple numbersand voila . . . wrong answer!)Here a re the exact steps totake. First , we see that thetypical bandwidth of satel­lite TV signa ls is 30 MHz. Aquick look at the above for­mula may cause you thinkif you could redu ce theba ndwid t h a little , youcould a lso reduce the no ise ,The question is, how muchca n we cut before the pic­ture looks rotten? I 'll coverthat in another insta llment.

are rain, the sun, other m i­crowave services, and theEarth itself. In fact . theno ise temperatu re of theEart h is about 290 deg reesKelvin .

'"~:10 JO «I sc dJ

NfflO_ REVAT1QN ANGl.! _ DEC.US"c

Fig. 2. Even large dishes intercept terrestrial noise, but thenoise level drops as you tilt the d ish back from the horizontowards the open sky. Typical dish angles fo r Clarke orbitbirds may be from 20 to 60 degrees depending on yOU f loca­tion.

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22 73 Magazine . November, 1981

ing us solid copy picture­Wise.

Easy Formula Saves Time

To find the antenna ga inyou ne e d for your par­ticu lar loca tio n, you simp lyapply Gibson's Dish Auten­na Rule: Antenna Gain =Noise level - Signal level+ O N.

Using our example fig­ures: -133 saw (Noise) ­(-j 160dBW(S;gnalj + 13dB (S uggested CfN) = 40 dBdish! Based on the tab le ofdish antenna gains, it looksas if an 11- or 12-foot dishwould work . but only ifwe use a 100 degree lNA.

Try It For Your location

All yo u reall y need to ca l­cu la te the right dish size foryour spot on the map is afootp rint map and the twoformulas above. If your lo­cation does not fall on aparticula r contour on themap, t hen do some interpo­lation and est imate. If any­thing, estima te lower tha nthe map. Remem ber, wesaid the footp ri nts were pre­dictions and actual valueshave been found to vary acouple of dB,

Next, subtract the pathloss of 196 d B. Then figurethe noise level based on thelNA you've chosen and the3-dB bandwidth of your re­ceiver. Plug the numbers in­to Gibson's Dish AntennaRule and hope the dish gai nneeded fits you r pocket­book. If it look s as if you' llneed to buy an acre of realestate for your gia nt behe­moth, then try a lower lNAnoise temperature or a re­ceiver bandwidth of. say 22MHz, and plug in the num­bers to find the dish ga inaga in. Just remem ber tha tyou may need to hock thefam il y jewe ls to buy a su­per-dupe r lNA.

Perhaps you see tha t theantenna and lNA are on akind of tee ter-to tt e r. Biggerdishes mean you can use anlNA with a higher noisetemperature; a sma ller dishmeans you need a lower

noise temperature lNAalong with a higher pricetag. We can resort to graphsto put the dish cost vs lNAcost ratio in perspective.but costs on lNAs a re d rop­ping like flies as a re someantenna prices. Maybe youcou ld see it better as: Gib­son's Simple Path lossEquation: Big Dish + CoodlNA = Clear Pictu res.

But that all seems ob­vious now. Instead, le t's ap­ply Clever Idea #1: Big Dis h

+ Not So Good lNA =Good Pictures. Or we couldalso apply Clever Idea # 2:Not-50-Big Dish + GoodlNA = Good Pic tures,

You are free to expen­ment with the va lues andsee the interaction. Maybeyou'd like to write a com­puter program to translateyour ideas via the formulasinto a complete line-equa­tion program. As a TVROentrepreneur, this wou ld bea nice be ll and whist le for

potential customers .Satellite Central needs

your input of commentsand ideas, with full c reditto be given, of course. Thetime is right fo r you to joinin the fun of receiving TVfrom space. If you have aquestion re ga rd in g thetopics we cover here. feelfree to drop me a line (le t­ters only. no cal ls please).Sorry, I can answer ma ilonly if it is accompanied byan SASE .•

73 Magazine . November, 1981 23

Satellite Chan el- part I

Audlo Servtces on SATCOM 1

Satellite Redio Network (6.2)WFMT(FM), Chicago (5.8 stereo)Seaburg's " Lifestyle" Music (7.6)

ANIK 213 (CanadlaOJ (1140W)Polarization: AU horlzor t

BCTV (BritiSh Columbia Television), Van­couver, B.C.-British Columbia's leading inde­pendent station (6.8)D8i1y Live Coverage of the C8nadian House ofCommons from Otlawa (with French tranere­tion) (6.8)CHlT- TV, Sherbrooke, Quebec-French lan­guage Independent network (TVA) program­ming (6.8)

HBO (Home Box Office) (West)-flrst-runmovies, sports & entertainment specials (6.8)MSN (Modern Satellite Network)-generalentertainment (6.8)Beta - prog ramming for women (est. 1-4-82)HBO Clnemax (West)-time-structured HBC(6.8)HBO (East)-first-run movies, sports & enter­tainment specials (6.8)

RCA SATCOM 2 (119°W)Polarization: ODD-Vertical; EVEN-Horizontal

TR-2 Occasional Transmissions-spo rting events,news & network feeds (6.8)Occasional Transmissions-spo rt ing events,news & network feeds (6.8)NBC Network Contract Channel -llvel1apednet work leeds (6.8)American Forces Satel lite Network - variousnetwork & Independent programming (6.8)NASA Contract Channel (6.8)Occasional Transmisslons- sport ing events,news & network feeds (6.8)Alaska 58telllte Television Project- variousnetwork & independent programming (5.816.8)

COMSTAR 4 (127°W)Polarb:atlon: ODD-Vertical; EVEN-Horizontal

TR-20 Occasional Transmissions- spo rt ing events,news & network feeds (5.8)

WU WESTAR 2 (123.S°W)Polarization: All Horizontal

Occasional Transmissions-sport ing events,news & network feeds (6.2/6.8)Independent Network News (6.2)

TA-9

TR-8

TR-S

TR-2TR-3

TR-2(3)

TA-23

TR-13TA-18

TA-l(l )

TR-24

TA-3(5)

TR-22

TR-23

RCA SAleOM 1 (135°W)PcHariutlon: ODD-Venal' EVEN-Horizontal

TR-1 Nickelodeon- premium children's program.ming (6.8)ARTS (Alpha Repertory Television Service)­performing and cultural arts programming (6.8)

TR-2 PTl (People That Loval- religlous (6.8)TR-3 WON·TV, Chicago-Midwest's leading in­

dependent Sialion (6.8)TR-5 The Movie Channel-24 hr/day fi rst-fun movies

(6.8)TR-tl WTBS. Altanla-Ted t urner's SuperstatlonTR-7 ESPN {Entertainment & Sports Network)-24

hr/day sports (6.B)TR-8 CBN (Christlan aroadcaennc Network)­

relig ious (6.8)TR-9 C·SPAN - tive coverage from the House of

Representatives (6.8)USA Network-professional sport ing events,Calliope, and the English Channel (6.8)BET (BlaCk Entertain ment Network) (6.8)

TR-10 Showtlme (West)- fl rst· run movies, entertain ­ment specials (6.8)

TR-11 MTV (Music Televi slon)-PopfRock Video (5.8& 6.62 stereo)

TR-12 Showtlme (East)- fl rst-run movies, entertain­ment specials (6.8)

TR-14 CNN (Cable News Network)-24 hr/day news(6.8)

TR-15 Occasional Transmissions- sport ing events,news & network feeds (6.216.8)

TR-16 Showtlme (Spare)-occasional network remoteand spo rts events feeds (6.8)AETN (American Educational Television Net­work) (6.8)CMN (Christian Media Network)-rellgious(6.8)NJT (National Jewish Television)- religious(6.8)

TR-17 WOR·TV, New York-the Big Apple's top in­dependent station (6.8)

TR-18 Reuter's MorlitOf Senolce-commod ity/stockmarket information (digital video)aalnlslan - the best in scentsn-oaenteo pro­gramming (6.8)

TR-19 The Shopping Channel - Shop..at·Home TV ser­vice (6.8)SpotUght- f irst ·run movies (6.8)

TR-20 Hom. Box Office Clnemu (East)-time­structured HBO (6.8)

TR-21 HTN (Home Theatre Network)-quality P andPG movies (6.8)The Weather Channel (est. Spring 1982)

24 73 Magazine . November, 1981

~-Jpf l.{1pf

OPEN AT 8PM ESTCLOSED AT 8PM PST

, I,. YOU DO NOT SEEWHAT YOU WA

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OADEAS AA. PO.TAO. PAID

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Why .pand .7,000 to.10,000. Why pay .om~naal.a to innaU it. Do ityour.alf In a w..k-end and••va.ONLY $2,400.00UPSSHIPPABLE

Introduces the

MODEL 12KSYSTEM •..A complete .atelliteracaiving .y.tam that youcan a••embla your.alf a. awaek..nd projact.

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TR-4(7)

TR-8(15)

TR-1 0(19)

TR-I2(23)

TR-6(l l)

TR-7(1 3)

TR-4(7)

TR-9(lnTR-10(19)

TR-8(15)

800-643-0102 or 501·647-2291See Your local Star View Dealer or Call

De al e. Inqui.ie s In ... it ed

CHCH-TV. Hamilton. Ontario-Ontario'slead ing independent station (6.8)Daily Live Coverage of the Canadian House ofCommons from Ottawa (wi th French transra-nom (6.8)CHLT-TV. s nerbrocke, Quebec -French ten­guage independent network (TVA) program-ming (6.8)CITV-TV, Edmonton, Alberta -Alberta's read­ing independent station (6.8)Daily Live Coverage of the Canadian House 01Commons from Ottawa (standard EngliSh) (6.8)CTV North - various eTV network proqram­ming (6.8)

ANIK B (Canadl.n) (109OWJPolarization: All horizontal

Occasional Transmissions- sport ing events,news & network feeds (6.8)cac North- various cec network program­ming (6.8)Occasional Transmissions-sport ing events.news & network feeds (6.8)CBC (French Channel)-French language cecprogramming (6.8)CBC Occasional Transmissions (6.8)cec (Engli sh Channel.l)-English cec pro­gramming (6.8)

EditOf's Note: This guide is repr inted with the perm iss ion 0 1WESTSAT Communications. WESTSAT pub li shes TheSatellite Channel Cha,~ six t imes a year, Subscriptions vial irst c lass ma il are available directly l rom WESTSAT c om­munications, PO Box 434, Pleasanton CA 94566. Part 11 of 73'sSatellite Channel Guide will appear in the December issue.

-

KIT CONTAINS.1 2 ' "'nt. nne• ...Z /EL M ount. 24 Chann.1 R. c . . ... . .·1 2 0 "LN'"·F••d Ho.n

73 Magazine . November, 1981 25

Satellite TV Receivers- is there a better way!

s cV SET

TVRO iswork

s t hel in of

ations,infer-

blance thereof) for recep­tion of the 3.7-t0-4.2-GHzsatellite TV band, and(hopefu lly) assembling acomplete bu t inexpensiveTVRO system.

This article onOtt t h

ceiving MDS and commer­cial TV satellite transmis­sions. Indeed, my mailboxbul ged with letters fo rseveral weeks afte r the art i­cle was publ ished .

A large number of In-

d d

M y original review ofthe Universal Com­

munications BOO-M Hzdownconverter kits, whichappeared in the April, 1981.73 Magazine. revealed thewidespread interest in re-

qumes receive co nceme w" en a s a re mym y b r ie f ty - m en t i 0 ne d a nd knowledge. plut houghts of later conve rting work of Steve Franka Universa l Comm unica- Universal Communic

} "O a 2 ~I C~ C"' ~ w ith others desir ing'" \ ~$j'S!tions unit (0< some sem-

. _ ll&11O.... · E__

," 01$1<

Y'ri 2100-..,~~ OO-...coIOvt:.'£ . 8Oa"O05C..."'O" y ..og"" EO ' 0Il "'0 • 2601.

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DaV{' Ingram K4rWJ

Eastwood Village '" 101 SourhRte. rt. Bo~ 499Birmingham AL 35210

Fig. 1. The originally-planned TYRO described in the text. The 21()()..MHz downconverter board is modified by cutt ingtuned lines to approximately half length, adding two high-gain, low-noise trans istors, low-noise diodes, generating 41 M Hzi-f, etc. Highly-modified televison is used mainly for its i-f strip, power supply, and audio amplifier section.

26 73 Magazine . November, 1981

Deborah Franklin tries on a 10' parabo lic dish fit ted with an Avantek LNA and3.7-t04.2·CHz down converter described in the text.

Fig. 2. The Universal Communica tions 3.7-t0-4.2-GHz downconverter. The unit incor­porates dual mixers operating 90 degrees out o f phase and dual i-t amplification.

73 Ma gazine. November, 1981 27

70_. OUTPuT••'''ooe- .....T

su rplus outlet and used tofeed the satellite TV signalto the antenna terminals ofan unbutc hered (and usual­ly color!) TV set fo r viewing.The complete receiver isshown in Fig. 1 .

The Universal Communi­cat ions 2.1-G Hz MDS re­ceiver might be a cand ida tefor a low-cost downcon­verte r. The rf a mp lifie rwould have to be rep lacedwit h a low-noi se, high-gaincounterpart while the mixerand oscillator c irc u it swould need to be trimmedto the new frequency range.

The greatest d rawback to

....ER

input. The i-f stages wou ldthen be heavily swampedand stagger-tuned to in­crease bandwidth fromnear 5 MHz to near 35 MHz(additiona l i-f stages alsomig ht be required here).The AM video detectorthen wou ld be re p lacedwith a broad band FM co un­terpart, suc h as an NE564disc rim inato r c hip, wh il ea not her NE5&4 tuned toeither 6.2 or &.8 MHz wou ldbe used fo r audio demodu­la tio n.

A small TV oscillator cir­cuit then could be home­brewed o r obtained from a

f;'>....<)0 Of;GRU V.....SE SH ,nE R

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dish and used to downcon­vert with tec hniques similarto those used in inexpensive24O().MHz MOS converters.The resultant 35-MHz band­width i-f signa l mig ht the nbe processed by a high ly­modified black and whiteTV (nothing dictates the useof a 7D-MH z i-f) .

Suc h TVs usu ally can beo bta ined from repair shopsor fr iends (sets with bad pic­ture tube s or flybacks aregood cand idates fo r this op­eration). The downconvert­er's output cable wouldsidestep the TV tuner andconnect directly to the i-f

mation on TVRO designs.Perhaps I'll answer somequestions that you've beenpondering, o r possibly I'llwhet your thoughts on sim­pler and less-expensiveways of co nstructingTVROs. An excess of knowl­edge and concepts in thisarea of ri sing popu larity isone thing we are n't ex­periencing at thi s tim e!

The Originally­Planned Concept

Most of the presently­popular commercial TVROsystems employ a basicallysimilar design: A high-gain,low-noise amplifier (LNA) isplaced at the focal po int ofa 10- to 16-foot parabol icdish which is a imed at aspecific sate llite. The ac­quired signa ls then are fe dto an indoor converter unitvia hardline cable. That uni tconverts incoming frequen­cies be tween 3.7 and 4.2CHz to the po pular TVROi-f frequency of 70 MHz,amplifies the signal. anddetects the FM video and6.2- or 6.B-MHz audio (de­pending on the particu larsatellite being recei ved).The resu ltant base band sig­nals then a re used to modu­late a TV osci llator c irc uitwh ich radia tes into the TVset's VHF antenna termi­nals. Selecti ng various tran­sponders of a satellite is ac­complished by varying theindoor tu ner's selected in­put frequency and down­converting that channel tothe 7().MHz i-f ra nge.

While the previous ly de­sc ribed concept is an op­t imum turnkey system, itseems th at an enterpri singamateur could shave frill sand lower system cos t witha d iffe rent a p proach toTVROs. The hard line cableconnecting the LNA to thetuner, for example, exhibitsa typical loss of 15 dB­part of the gain provided bythe lNA. It thus seems thatif a low-no ise figure couldbe obtained, a ho me-brewrf a m p lif ie r/t u ne r unitcou ld be mo unted at the

•

VIDEO 001 .....1 lTVv'" " ODUl .rOA Of'l'O.... U

Fig. 3. Block diagram o f the indoor tuning unit Circui try is straigh t forward, with videosampling similar to SSTV techniques being employed.

As this a rticle is beingwritten, Universal Co mmu­nications (PO Box 339, Ar­lington TX 76(10) is gea ri ngup to produce TVROs basedon the previously-describedconcept. This a rrangementdefinitely has broken thepr ic e ba rrie r (proiec tedcost, less dish a nd LNA, is$800 !) whil e maintainingthe qua lity of equiva lentsyste ms se lling for ove r$1500 . Its design is the mostlogical approac h to sate l­lite TV receivers I've seen,and I hea rtil y recommendconside ring its concept.The question of system kitsis presently unresolved, d ueprimarily to problems en­countered with home con­structors "bo tching up" thesimple MDS downco nvert­ers also manufactu red byUniversal Communicat ions.

Summary

Sate llite TV reception isa ri sing trend whic h prom­ises incre ased popularitydu ring the near futu re, andnow is an opportune time tojoi n that activity . Theequipment capable of re­ceiving weak microwavesignals from these satell itesis necessari ly ex pe ns ive:That restric ts general-pub­lic recept ion and provides ameasure of "cloaking" tothe sate llite signals. Whilehome-brew TVROs can'tsidestep the high costs ofl NAs, GaAs FE Ts, etc., thecontemplation of such set­ups gives one a re la tive lygood understand ing of thecircu itry involved and abette r overview of whath e ' s getti ng for hi smoney.•

FM detecto r, a nd an afc ci r­cuit. Si mply described, thi s" closed-loop" system's afcmonitors the FM detector'soutput and directs a pro­portional correction volt­age to the converter's vcoas required . An additionalvoltage input is employedfor manual tuning of the au­d io. The output audio sig­nal then is handled in a con­vent ional manner.

of its ope ra tions follows.The incoming 7a-MHz i-fsigna l fi rst undergoes a se­ries of band pass filt ers andi-f amplifiers before beingapplied to a limiter stageand an FM discriminator.The detected signal then isdir ected to a buffer stagewhi ch splits it and feedstwo points. Following alongthe video path first , the sig­na l undergoes de-empha si sand then is applied to avideo amplifier whic h in­cludes positive o r nega tivevideo polarity o utput.

Next, a video samplinga rrangement simila r tomore sophisticated SSTVtechn iques is em ployed: Async st ripper, pulse detec­tor, and a ramp sample-and­ho ld ci rcuit produce high­qualit y v ideo o u t p u ts .These video leve ls then arebuffered and appl ied to aVHF TV modulator whichconnects to the viewing TVvia its antenna terminals.

Re turn ing to the FM d is­c rim ina to r, sa te llite TVaudio is bandpass-filtereda nd applied to a n ere­locked converter and de­tector. This sect ion consistsof a voltage-co nt rolled os­cilla to r (vc o). m ixer ,10.7·MHz bandpass filte r,

noise figure. The LNA cost(in July, 1981 ) is $650 .Signa ls from the LNA areappl led to the downcon­verter's 90 0 phase shifter,producing the two out-of­phase signals fo r app lica­tion to their respective mix­ers (these mixers a re simila rto those used o n 2.1 -GHzdownconverter bo ards).

The mixers are fed from acom mo n loca l osci llato ro perating at half the de­si red freq uency (this board­m o un ted o scill a tor issubstantia lly less expensivethan standard TVRO types).Outputs from the two mix­ers a re then amplified toovercome phase-shift loss­es, appl ied to a recombiner.and fo llowed by an addi­tiona l stage of i-f emplifica­t ion. The output signa l isthen passed to the indoo runit via a length of RG-59coaxia l ca ble. The down­conve rt e r, incidenta ll y,could be mounted inside ifdesired, but hard line coaxthen wou ld be required forinterconnecti ng runs over25 feet .

The TV RO unit p laced in­side the house functions ina st raig htforward manner:Its block diagram is shownin Fig. 3, and a description

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this scheme, show n in Fig. 1,may lie in the cumbersomemodification of the down­converter and TV set. Theprice is right but the pa­tience and expertise re­quired a re probably beyondthe average ho bbyist. SteveFrankl in has shown that pic­tu res can be received withsuch a system, but they areplagued by noise and imageproblems. The receiver thatgrew out o f thi s approac huses a conventional low­noise am pl if ie r and a dou­bly-balanced mixer, elim i­nating many of the prob­lems t hat plague simplereceivers. •

Finally, an i-f sect ion con­sisting of a few I( s, etc.,plus FM d iscriminators fo raud io and video, were re­qu ired to round out thesystem.

The UniversalCommunications Concept

A block diagram of theresultant Universa l Com­mu nications 3.7-t0-4.2-GHzdownconverter is shown inFig. 2, and a brief descrip­tion of its operation fo l­lows . First. t he lNA is anAvantek unit, GaAs FE T, 4stages, with 50-d B overa llga in and a 120 0 Ke lvin

28 73 Magazine· November, 1981

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73 Magazine · November, 1981 31

,

Hal Feinstein WBlKDU1410 Rhodes Sf. NOrlhAt/inglon VA ZlZ09

Spread Spectrum-a report from AMRAD

Editor's Note: Until recently, spread spectrum has been a term known only to a few people Involved In developing top-secret military com­munications. Today, the possibility of using spread spectrum tor other radio seevleee is being investigated by a group of radio amateursknown as AMRAD, Amateur Radio Research and Development Corporation. After receiving a Special Temporary Authorily Irom the FCC,AMRAD pushed ahead to try spread spectrum on the amateur bands. AMRAD members are interested In experimental communicationssystems of all types. Membership is available 10 any interesled person for $12 a year. This includes a subscription to the club newsletter. Tojoin AMRAD, contact Gerald Adkins, Treasurer, 1206 livingston 51. North, Arilngton VA 22205. • The following article Is ba sed on materialappearing in the July, 1981, issue 01 the AMRAD newsletter.

Fig. 1. Basic frequency-hopping sys tem with waveforms.(from " Potential Use of Spread Spectrum Techniques inNon-government Applications. 'J

Experiment 11

We had a series of ve rysuccessfu l frequency-hop-­ping experiments ca rriedout by Paul Rina ldo W4RI,D ick Ke ssler K2SZ E (inRochester, New York ). andOlaf Rask WA3ZXW (in An­napolis, Maryland). Experi­ment #1 of the AMRADSpecial Temporary Authori­ty (STA) called for tests witha commercia l/m ilitary fre­quency hopper in the 8Q-,40-, and 20-meter bands.These rigs are capab le of afrequency range of 2 to 15M Hz and hopping speedsadjustable from about 1hop/second (1 chip, for youunits buff s) to about 20hops/second. The hoppingsequence was assumed tobe nonlinear because thisrig wa s meant for militarypurposes. Normal linear se­quences of sho rt dura tion

Frequency hopping isju st what the name implies:The transmitter's ca rr ier fre­quency jumps fro m chan­nel to channel The receiverfollows along, in the samepattern. To keep the infer­matian secure, a frequency­hopped signal spends verylittle time on one frequencybefore moving in what ap­pears to be a random man­ner. Fig. 1 shows a simplef requency-hopping system.

There are several typesof spread-spect rum com­munications being used to­day. The AM RAD experi­ments are focusing on thefrequency-hopping and di­teet-sequence techniques.Th is report w ill focus on thefrequency-hopping projectin particular: the use ofcommercial SS units on the80-, 40-, and 20-meterbands. We won't go intomuch detail on the innerworkings of f req uency hop-­ping; for more informat ion,Rinald o 's artic le in t heNovember, 1980, issue ofQ ST and the FCC report ," Potent ial Use of SpreadSpectrum in Non-Govern­men t Applications," arerecommended . The FCC re­port is available from theNational Technical lnfor­mation Service, SpringfieldVA 22161 . The accessionnum ber is PB81 -165·284 .The cost is $17 paper, $3.50microfiche.

density is much lower thana narrowband signal. Thesame information is there;it's just spread over morespectrum. Th is opens up thepossibil ity o f a l argenumber of SS signa ls shar­ing a band. O r perhapsspread sp e c t r u m c a npeacefully coexist with nar­rowband signals.

eceeREFfR( IICE

FR(OU(MC,S IIIFfl JOGR{((R(IOC(

",,· .l ,.·,- ,I·.,~· I·...·,

conversation if you don' tknow the sequence used tocode the signal. Anothertac tica l advantage offe redby SS is i ts immun ity to jam­ming. Unless the enemy hasa very wideband tra nsmit­ter, he won't do much harmto your signal.

A simila r sort of immuni­ty exists for unintentionalin te rf erenc e (Q RM andQ RN). The SS signa l is alsol ikely to resist selectivefad ing t hat affects onec ha n ne l. In t h e p a st ,d iversi t y-recei ving t ech­niques have been used tocombat fadin g; now, spreadspectrum offers hope.

Although a spread-spec­trum signal takes up a largebandwidth, the spect ral

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The term spread spec­trum has been used to

describe a vari ety of com­mun icat ion s tec hn iq ues.The common feature oft hese systems is that aspread-spectrum (SS) signalhas a bandwidth that ismuch wider than the band­width of a conventional sig­nal carrying the same infor­mat ion. At f irst glance,spread-spect rum communi­cat ions appear to wastevaluable frequency space.In real ity, SS offe rs seve ralvery important advantagesover conventiona l ampli­tude- or frequency-modula­tion methods.

The military l ikes spreadspectrum because it is verysecure. You can't eaves­drop on a spread-spectrum

32 73 Magazine. November, 1981

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was abou t 30% SSB sounds didn' t allow us to take ad­in the mix with t he remai n- vantage of a prope rty t ha tder being CW a nd RTTY. fas t hopping has. If we wereThere was an advantage ho pping fas te r (sa y 25 t imesover normal SSB with this a sec o nd ), ve ry s ho rtmix. Then we moved the sna tc hes of the backgroundhopping sequence into the no ise would be received . As75-mete r phone band . Both the frequency is changingstations had to reset the ser- so fa st, the so und of each ofvi ce frequency higher a nd these snatches would jus tthen go through the sync meld together and form aprocess again. whi ch is not kind of buzz . The SSB voiceha rd. This time, we had a signa l wou ld st il l sound likemix of 80% SS B and 20% an SS B voice signal, but theCW and RTTY. With this background wou ld soundmix, Dick's signa l wa s hard ve ry consta nt. W ith t heto hear. Because there was right filters to trea t thesuc h a high percen tage of background buzz, the vo iceSSB in the background, it signal should be readable.was d ifficu lt to pick out This wou ld happen evenDick's signa l from the rest. wit h a st rong mix of SSBWe tried to lock onto Dick' s signals in the backgroundvoice and ignore the rest. because the amount of sig­Bu t th is w a s d iff ic u lt. nal fro m each frequencyThings were mu ch better would be very sma ll. This iswith more CW and RTTY in what we would like to try athe mix and downright ha rd litt le later with Experimentwith a high percentage of #2, which will a llow us toSSB. bu ild ou r own freq uency-

What conclusion can be hopper rig out of old CBdraw n from this? With slow sets.ho p p ing (5 hops's). SSB As part of the expen­frequency-hoppi ng does ment. Pau l turned on hiswell against Cw -like signals learn IC-701 so that weand poorly agai nst voice- could hear with the othertype signals. The fac t t ha t r ig transm it ting in t hewe were hopping at 5 ho ps/s frequency-hopping mode.

73 Magazine . November, 1981 33

was ve ry clea r. No "d uckta lk" was present, such ascomes from bei ng a littl eoff with an SSB signa l.

One of the main ad van­tages of sp read spec trumwas the so-called antijam orinte de r en c e -a vo ida ncefeature which happe nsbecau se the backgroundQRM is be ing c ha ngedevery hop. We were hop­ping at 5 hops's with this rig,and I was able to observeth is effect. Dick's vo ice wasmore readab le than when inthe (non-ho p) co nventionalSSB mode. We made a fewexperiments by moving theho pping seq uence up a lit­tie to see what it would doagainst so lid, conges tedSSB

In the first part of the ex­periment, we were in the8O-75-meter band, which re­sulted in the hopping se­quence varying most ly inthe CW portion, b ut itwould visit phone sta tio nsnow and then. What did th issou nd like ? Well, all thesounds that hams are usedto were present, but everyone-fifth of a second theso und would change! Whatyou wou ld hea r was asnatch of RTTY, a sma llburst of CW, a few so undsfrom some SSB stations,and so me snap of QRN ,each last ing only a fifth of asecond .

It was eas y to hear Dick'svoice with th is ever-chang­ing backgrou nd noi se be­ca us e Dick' s s ignal wasst ro ng. The re was so mefading now and then, andthis le t us see what aweaker signa l would so undlike. When K2SZE's signa lbecame weak, it was stillreadable even when it sta rt­ed to fade into the strangebackground sounds. MyoidCW tra ining came back tome, and I mentally startedto try to shut out thebackground. jus t as yo u dowhen receiving a weak CWstatio n in heavy QRM. Butth is t ime the backgroundsounds were c hanging!

I would say that there

are not useful fo r militaryapplications .

Using these rig s issomewhat different from asta nd a rd s ingle-s id e ba ndtransce iver, but enough ofthe o pera t ions are the samethat an amateur would feelright at ho me with thismode. I wa s able to sit in o na sess ion that Paul had o neevening and will describewhat I heard.

First, both stat ions madecontac t using SSB (t his wason 75 meters) o n a se rvicefrequency. The next ma joritem was making sure tha tthe hopping-sequence gen­erators on both rigs were setthe same way. The rig ha s ase t of thumbwheel s on thefront panel which are usedto contro l the hopping se­quence. Both sta tions setthe wheels the same way. Ifthe wheel s had been set dif­fe rently, the hopping se­quences would be dif ­fe rent. and the two sta tio nscouldn't talk to each other.

Now that the hopping se­quences were set the sameway , one st a t io n wou ldtransmit a special FSK sig­na l which the other stationwou ld re ceive. This FSKsigna l serves to a lert theother station to start hop­ping as soo n as the FSKsigna l stops. The FSK signa lwas generated by using theSend Sync switch on the rig,To set up t he second sta tio nto use thi s FSK sync signal,there was a FAM (frequen­cy-agile mode) switc h posi­tion to enable the secondstation to lock onto the FSKsigna l.

When the FSK signa lstopped, both rigs were inthe hopping mode. Thespeed at which the hoppingtook place was 5 hops' s,which is slow, as hoppinggoes, but has many interest­ing features. The mode oftransmission was SSB, a ndDick's signal came in verywell. I was surprised thatthe rig's synthesizer wasright on each hop, whichmeant that the SSB signa l

Sequence logic(Controlled by mode switch)

SEND$YNC1) If hopping enabled, force to CONVENTIONAL MODE.2) Lock out SYNC TONE DETECT.3) Enabl e TRANSMIT ON. (turn on transmitter)4) Enable SEND SYNC. (t ransmit sync tone)5) Wait 3 seconds. (by an interna l timer)6) Disable TRANSMIT ON, SEND SYNC.7) Disable INHIBIT HOPPING. (start hopping)

RECEIVE SYNC1)11 hopping enabled, force to CONVENTIONAL MODE.2) Enable SYNC TONE DETECT.3) Wait for SYNC TON E DETECT to go high. (sync tone received)4) Wait for SYNC TON E DETECT to tau. (sync tone failS)5) Disable INHIBIT HOPPING. (start hopping)6) lock out SYNC TON E DETECT.

CONVENTIONAL MODE1) Enable INHIBIT HOPPING. (stop hopping)2) Trigger RESET SHIFTREGISTEA. (load th umbwheel values)3) lock out SYNC TON E DETECT. (In case we are resetting)4) Disable SEND SYNC, TRANSM IT ON. (In case we are resetting)

Note: Conventional mode also Is a recovery position which Is usedby the other two modes and by the operator to recover from a foul upsuch as no sync tone being received for a very long t ime when one Isexpected.

Table 1. Functional frequency-hopper control board logicsequence.

Paul picked out a place on80 meters where it wasquiet and let the receiverstay there. We didn't hearK2SZE 's signal on this re­ce ive r, partially because itwasn 't connected to anantenna . When we went tothe transmit mode, everyonce in a while you wouldhear a snatch of sound like" aup" or " thu," but it wou ldbe gone as quick ly as itcame. This was the resu lt ofthe rig's hopping in a ran­dom way.

Expe riment # 2- Proposed

A few of the AMRADSp read-Spect rum Spec ia lInterest Croup have beeninterested in doing some­thing with old CB t ransceiv-

•Control LInes:

1) SEND TONE2) SYNC TONE DETECT

3) RESET SHIFT REGISTER

4) INHIBIT HOPPING

5) MODE SELECTOR

6) TRANSMIT ON

Function

Turn on sync lone oscillator.Presence of sync tone in receiveraudio. Means that other unit hastransmitted sync tone.Clear oul current contents of shiftregister and load value 01thumbwheels.Gale olt the clock which drives thesh ift register.Signal the mode we want to be In.There are three auxiliary linesassociated with this line which arenot named.Key the unit's transmitter.

ers. Allan Kaplan W1AEl inRichardson, Texas, has abunch of good ideas. Hisgroup was in active searchof a number of Hv-Gainsurplus CB boards to use asthe basis of a lD-meter fre­quency hopper.

I was able to get hold oftwo SSB CB transceiverswhich were modified for200 channels and had seenextensive use in another" se rvice ." These rigs havealmost identical interna lsa nd use the standardJ.lPD858C synthes izer ch ip.This chip has a num ber ofcomponents for a synthe­sizer bu ilt right onto thechip. Exte rnal to the chip isan active bandpass filter, amain vco ch ip (which pro-

duces the output frequen­cy), and a num ber of mixersand osci llators used to mixthe vco output fo r use inthe CB t ransmitte r andreceiver.

In order to frequencyhop, there are three thingsthat need to be done: 1)Change the mixer crystalsso that the rig operates inthe 'tO m eter band (this is inprogress now); 2) Modifythe feedback filter so thatthe synthesizer will lock upfaster; 3) Hook the BCD fre­quency programmi ng linesto a controller boa rd .

The controller boa rd (F ig.2 and Table 1) wil l have alinear feedback shift regis­ter which has para llel out­put and will gate an ICwhich has 8 SPST switchesimplemented in solid state.This IC will do the actualswitching of the synthesizerprogramming lines for iso­lation's sake.

A second stage of theboard will be used to senseIsend a tone which will beused the same way that thespecial FSK signal is usedby the commercial rig men­tioned above. When the sig­nal appears, the dockingassoc iated with the shiftregister will go into a make­read y-to-ho p state. Then,when the signa l ends, hop­ping wi ll start and continueu nt il the Stop Hoppingswitch is pressed . l astly, atiming source is needed,and this will be supplied bya high-stability crysta l oscil­lator which will be on boardas well .

K2SZE points out thattiming is critical with fastfrequency hopping. Fornow, we don't plan to hopvery fast . Only when wehave gained more ex­perience with slow hoppingwill we try the faste r stuff.

One problem being re­sea rched is that of how toget the loop filters of thesynthes izer to react faste r.The loop filte r sits betweenthe output of the phasecomparator/c ha rge pumpand the vco. Its job is to

fil ter the correction voltageto the vco to eliminate high­frequency components. So,the output of the phasecomparator/charge pumpgoes through a low-passfilter before being appliedto the vco.

This loop filter in the twoCB rigs consists of an activefilter which is part of the",PD858C and a secondfilte r wh ich is a bandpassfilter imp lemented as an ac­tive discrete transistor am­plifier . The feedback net­work for the active fil terwithin t he J.lPD858C is via aresisto r-capac ito r combina­t ion attac hed to some ofthe 858's pins.

Both CB rigs a re slated tobe modified in the sameway so that there will betwo rigs which do the samething right off . Differencesin the synthesizer des ign orthe controller board willprobably produce a dif­ferent hopping seque nce.So, if you plan to do thisalways get at least two rigsof the same kind . Fig. 2 andTable 1 give more details.

For the Record

Since we sta rted t hisproject, we've lea rned a lotabout the sp read-spectrummode which was heretoforeunknown in the amateurcommunity.

The FCC has certainlybeen forward looking withregard to spread spec trumas well as other advancedamateur technology.

At one point we talkedabout the idea of kits beingmade available for thebuilder. It turn s out that wehave a lot more ground tocover with the experimen­ta l aspects of spread spec­trum before we can get to aprototype. The whole ideaof the STA is to experiment.So, if you 're not sure how toproceed and want to ta lk itover with someone, I sug­gest that you find someoneclose to you and work to­gether. The converted-Cfapproac h seems the sim­plest way to start. .

34 73 Magazine · November, 1981

Model 525 ARGOSY $549.Make the right choice, ARGOSY­for the right reasons and low price .See your TEN-TEC dealer or write .

utes on all bands. 3 ·Junction metershows forward peak power ont ra nsmit , SWR , a nd re ce iv e dsignal streng th. PTT on ssb , Jullbreak- in o n cw. PI N d iode an­te nna switch. Built-in cw sideto newith variable pitch and volume. ALCcontrol on "h igh" power only where

needed, with LED indicato r.A utomatic normal Sidebandselection plus reverse. Nor­mal 12-14 V de operationp lus ac operation with op­tional power supply.The right styling, the rights ize. Easy-to -use controls,fast-action push buttons, a lllocated on ra ised fr on tpanel sections. New meterwith lighted, easy-to- readscales. Rigid steel chassis,molded front panel with

matching aluminum top,botto m and back.

Stainless steel tilt­up ba ll. And it 'son ly 4 " hi gh b y9 '12" wid e by 12 "deep (bail not ex­tended) to go any­where , fit any­where at home, inthe field, car, planeor boa t.The r ig h t a cces­sories- all fro nt­pan el swttc ha ble .

Model 220 2.4 kHz8-pole ssb filter $55;

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Hz cw fi lter $55; Model 224 Audtocw fi lte r $3 4 ; Mo d e l 223 No iseblanker $34; Model 226 internal Ca­librator $39; Model 1125 Dc circuitbreaker $ 15; Model 225 117/230Vac power su pply $129; Model 222mobile mount, $25; Model 1126 lin­ear switching kit, $15.

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Other cw and ssb filters are availableas options, see below. I-f frequencyis 9 MHz, i-f rejection 60 dB. Offsettuning ts e 3 kHz with a detent zeroposition in the center. Built-in notchfilter has a better than 50 dB rejec­tion notch, tunable from 200 Hz to3 .5 kHz. An optional noise blanker of

th e i-f type has 5 0 d B bla nkin grange. Built-in speaker is poweredby low-disto rtion audio (less than 2 %THD)The right tra nsmitter features. Fre­quency coverage from 80 through10 meters, including the new 30 me­ter band, in nine SOD kHz segments(four segments for 10 meters), withapproximately 40 kHz VFO overruno n e ach ba nd edge. Co nvertib lepower: 100 or 10 watts input with100% duty cycle for up to 20 min-

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The right des ign - for a ll the rightreasons. In setting forth design pa­rameters for ARGOSY, Ten-Tee engi­neers pursued the goa l of givingamateurs a rig with the right featuresat a price that stops the amateurradio price spiral.

The result is a unique new trans­ceiver with selectable powerlevels (convertible from 10watts to 100 watts at the flicko f a switch) . a rig with theright bands (80 through 10meters including the new 30meter band), a rig with theright operational featu resplus the fight options, andthe right price for todey'seconomy-just $549.l ow power or high power,ARGOSY has it. Now youcan enjoy the sport andc ha ll e nge of Q RPpoperating , and,when you need it,the power to standup to the crowds inQR M a nd poorband conditions.Just flip a switch tomove from trueQ RPp power withthe correct biasvoltages to a fu ll100 watt input.N ew a na lo greadout d e sign .Fast, easy, relia ble,and efficient . T h emodern newreadout on theARGOSY is amechanical de­sign t h a t in ­stantly gives you a ll significant figuresof any frequency. Right down to fivefigures (± 2 kHz). The band switchindicates the first two figures (MHz),the linear scale with ligh ted red ba r­pointer indicates the third figu re(hundreds ) and the tuning knob skirtgives you the fourth and fifth figures(tens a nd un its ). Easy. And effi­dent-so battery operation is easilyachieved.The right receiver features. S en.s itlvlty of 0.3 /-LV for 10 dB S+ N/N.Se lec t ivity : the sta ndard 4-polecrystal filter has 2.5 kHz bandwidthand a 2.7:1 shape factor at 6/50 d B.

73 Magazine . November, 1981 35

•Cecege W. Allen NTBfP"'rowhead CounNorwalk CT 06851

A Visit with SV0AY- the road to paradise

,

IIThe difference be-tween the perma­

nent residents here and thetourists is that the islanderswear clothes!"

$0 says Joe Nea r nsSVGAY at his QTH on thewestern coastal road, only ashort distance from a beachon the Greek island ofRhodes in the eastern Medi­terranean . The island is sofa r east that the mounta insof Turkey can be seen tothe north only twenty mil esaway.

The princ ipa l business onRhodes is tourism. andvacationers arri ve daily

f rom all over Europe to en­joy the delightf ul beachesand warm water, and to geta m aximum tan in the hotsun. It is especia lly interest­ing to explore this island,with its over 3()(x) years ofmainstream history.

The island of Rhodes wascentrally located for the an­cient Greek trading ro utesto the Middle East. TheApost le Pau l is said to haveta ught there, and d uring t hetime of the Crusades, theisland was governed by theknights fo r over two hun­dred years. Much remainsof the fortifications of that

e ra , includi ng a wall a roundthe anc ient c ity whic h isstill la rgely intact.

At the village of li ndos,on the eastern shore, the re­mains of a Greek acropoli scan be explored , includ ingthe changes made duringthe middle ages. The "Co l­ossus of Rhodes," one ofthe seve n wonders of theancient world. actua lly wasthe lighthouse marking theentrance to Rhodes harbo r.The harbor is still verymuch in use today, guard­ing a mixture of pictur­esque Greek fi sh ing boats,private yachts, comme rcia l

s hip p ing, a nd p leasure­cruise vessel s. In fact , oneof the ways to vis it Rhodesis to tak e a Greek Islandcruise out of Athens.

Joe has a location almostidea l for ham radio, a good,unique ca ll sign, almost nolocal competition (there areonly two other hams onRhodes), and a nice flat roofon his house for antennatu ning! It did , howeve r,t ak e h im eight o r ninemonths to get his cal l, afterapplying for it. He main­tains daily sc hedules on 40meters with a number ofhams in the Gree k islandsas well as weekl y schedules

I

The western beach area of Rhodes. Joe's QTH is iust aroundthe arm o f the bay in the upper right, along the coast road. Joe Nearns SVQA Yat the rig in his shack at home in Rhodes.

36 73 Magazine · November, 1981

A view of the harbor showing commercial and pleasureboats and some of the ancient fortifications.

George N1 BEP sitting on the wall of the ancient acropolis atLindos, southeast Rhodes. The small bay below the ctiii is atiny port for fishing and pleasure boa ts. The climbing scenesfrom the movie " The Guns of Navarone," starring AnthonyQu;nn, were filmed on the cliffs below the acropolis.w ith Argenti na and the

Phi lipp ines.Although Joe ha s lived in

severa l other count ries andha s had LU and EL2EAcalls, he sti ll re ta ins hi s UScal l, WSNTS. Joe doesn 't goafte r OX on a regu lar basis-no contests o r DXCC­and somet imes he says thathe has to fight off t he

pileups that occur whencondi tions are good .

QRM is very bad o n 40meters from the b road caststations. and d uring dry pe­riods QRN is bad from thecorona discharge on thelo ca l power lines, apparen t"lv du e to sal t deposits o nthe insu lators - one lia bili­ty of living ne ar the beach.

The language is diff icultto learn sinc e it is hard toread t he Greek alphabet .There is no English-speak"ing co mmunity on Rhodes.The refore, Joe 's two olderc h ild re n (boys) a tte ndboardi ng sc hool in Athens.

and the younger girls studyby corres po nde nce co urse.

In t he ir spare time, thewhole fam il y goes campinga round in the many beaut i­fu l spo ts on Rhodes, es pe­cia lly after the tourists havelef t. •

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73 MagaZ ine - N ovem ber, 1981 37

Paul Grupp KA 1LR7J Magal ine Staff

Reviewing Daiwa's New Meters- fiddle-free swr measurement

M uch as I ha te to ad mitit, I am always in

sea rch of the ult imate swrmete r. I am wel l awa re thatthe sub ject of swr is a con­troversia l o ne . In fact, sw r ishigh on my list of discuss iontopics to avoid at all costs,right up there with the rela­tive merits of quads v s.vagis. the number of angelsthat can da nce on the headof a pin, and the ARRl. Par­ticula rly if t he conversion ista king p lace on 8O-meterphone!

After sober cons ide ra­tion and a mild seda tive,

most hams will ag ree tha tthe re a re merits to havingan swr meter in t he ante nnaline at al l t imes. I can' t bethe only one who has ne­glected to flip t he antennas w itc h w hen c ha ng ingbands o r fo rgotten to tweakup an antenna tuner whenmoving from the phone por­tion of the band to CWo Inthese and simila r situations,a we ll-designed swr meterin a promi nent loca tio n cansave the day, as well as a setof transmitter fi na ls .

For this type of cont inu­ous monito ri ng, the last

Swr meters from Daiwa.

thing you need is the latestlabo ra tory-standa rd instru­me nt, comp le te with fe lt­lined wooden case and aca lib ratio n g u a ra n teesigned by the Alm ighty .Spend the money on intox­icating women and loosebeverages instead . Whatyou want is a simple meterthat displays swr without re­quiring you to flip anyswitc hes or tweak a nyknobs. With very few ex­cept ions, wattmete rs are a llpretty much a li ke. They d if­fe r primari ly in the level ofaccuracy they provide , and

a lmost a ll require you tofl ip switc hes and tweakknobs. Some of the most in­trigu ing flipless , tweaklesswattmete rs can be found inthe Daiwa line of radioaccessories.

At first glance, these me­ters look somewhat impos­ing, with a pai r of meterneedles and a series of redlines marked o n the frontpanel. First im pre ssio n saren't a lways right ! Any­body can lea rn to read across- need le meter in lesstha n a minute , and onceyou've lea rned how, yo u' llbe hooked fo reve r. Thesca le on the left side of themeter face reads forwardpower, and the scale o n theright side reads reflec ted .These a re the scales youwould pay attention to ifyou a re inte rested in mea­su rin g abso lute va lues .Wa nt to know swr? Thepoint where the two nee­dl es c ross d isp lays stand ingwave rat io . No switc hes tofl ip or knobs to tweak!These meters ma y no trep lace the venerable Bi rdfor test-benc h applica tionsreq uiring extreme ly highreso lut ion a nd accu racy,but they a re exactly wha tmost hams need to monitorstation performance on ad ay-to-day basis.

Contin ued on page J80

40 73 Magazine • November, 1981

Distributed by :

AT YOUR OEALERS .• "

• Features such as ten channe l emory in wo oinks of fiveeach, a solid 25 watts of power, full MARS and CAP coveragef rom 143.000 Mhz to 148.995 Mhz, plus built in memory reotentlon fo r up to one year ... and much, much more makes thisthe radio of the year .

• If you have been waiting to move up to a new model, or havewished for a radio with "everything" . . . KDK has it !

• The ten channel memory is easily add ressable and you havetwo banks of five channels each . You can even use both banks atonce for odd splits.

• Standard 600 hz shift up or down - pl us facto ry availableboards for foreign shifts. Your 2025A is never obsolete.

• Band scan or memory scan. Memory scan is easy. There is alsoband scan with upper and lo wer limits you can choose yourself!

- Built in nicads for the memory rete nt ion which has drain innano-amps, not mill l-amps. The Inte rnal battery will hold thememory for up to one year ! No other radio offers you th isfeature .

- Fast and easy d ialing. Full solid state dialing and you canchoose fro m the front panel either a fast or slow dial rate.

- No relays are used , only solid state switching . This eliminatesa trouble spot many radios encounter .

- KDK has also eliminated another t ro uble spot by completelyhand wiri ng each radio. No internal plugs to become intermittantand no wire wraps either, just goo d solid wiring.

- KOK gives you o ne of the hottest receivers you can find . Byusing UHF (not VHF ) dual gate MOS-FETs with elec tronic autotun in$ for the RF ampl ifier and the first mixer, you have a com­bi nat ion of ultra sensitivity and max imum quietness .

e The squelch on the 2025A Mkll is highly sensttive and frontpanel adjustable, use it for ultra-OX or super local.

" " hi h has f I " ~CIrcuit w IC as mtema protection against over-yo tage ashorted out put co ndit io ns. Plus it is a high audio outputtchlp .­just what you need in a noisy mobile situat ion.

«Tbe transmitter uses direct veo varicap modulation fo r t rueFM. Your transmitted aud io sounds as it should ; crisp , clear andnatural.

-The powe r o utput sta~e of the 2025A Mk ll will not breakdown even wi th an infi nite VSWR load, and uses heavy dutysolid state anten na switching with a four stage low pass fi lte r. Allthis gives you an except ionally clean, spur free output.

- KDK has included an adjustable sub aud ible tone circu it whi chcan also be used for crcss or tone burst o n transmit. Again ,more features!

- Size is 2 7/10" high, 7 1/8" wide, and 9 1/2" deep.- You can switch from 25 watts to 3 watts low power,- And , of course, the DC cable is included along with the

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1

Paul M. Danzer NlII2 Dawn RoadNorwalk CT06851

Ham Shack Design for Beginners- Novices, take note!

O ne set of Questionsusually asked by new

hams concerns the practicalaspects of se tting up a newstation. These questions areoften difficult to answersince they can affect thenew ham's e nti re fa mily, as­suming the station is to belocated at ho me.

Question: I just got my callin the mail and now want toset up my statio n. What isthe minimum 1need for theoperating position?Answer: I have seen hamshacks ranging from a sepa­rate bu ilding conta ini ng aTV set, stereo, bathroom,and refrigerator to one bui ltinto a single desk drawer.However, at a minimumyou need an ac line outlet. a

ground wire. and a way torun your antenna feedline.

Q. let's take these o ne at atime. What about the acline?A. It would be nice if youhad a single 12().vo lt linedirect from your house fusebox with 2D-Amp serviceand a seco nd 2~volt linefor a linear amplifier. How­ever, most of us end upplugging in a distributionbox conta ining four or eightoutlets, a fuse or breaker, aswitch, and a pilot light. Ifyou want to use a commer­cial box, there are severa lava il a ble , but they are onlyfused on one side; you rea llywant fuses on both sides .See Fig. 1.

Q. Why fuse both sides? I

thought that most 12D-voltac lines have a neutral orcommon which is ground­ed.A. It is a matter of safety. Ityo u get a lightning strikethat enters your home wir­ing, it is nice to have bothsides of the line fused sothat there is a c ha nce thefuses or breakers will blowand prote ct your equip­ment.

Q . I take it that when I wantto operate the station Isimply have to flip oneswitc h and I now havepower to a ll the equ ip­ment?A Yes, but you will a lsowant to have one or two acsocke ts which bypass theswitc h so that power is

always available to yourclock, desk lamp, o r anyothe r equipment which youmight want to use indepen-­dent of you r rig. You a lsomight co nsider using a keyswitch if you have any sma llchild ren around so that theycannot turn on your sta tion.

Q. How much power shouldI plan on?A. As a rough a pprox ima­tion, complete a table fo ryour sta tion such as the oneshown in Fig. 2.

Q. Well , just how manyoutlets do I want in tota l?A No ham in history haseve r had enough out lets orcurrent ava ilable. It is getti nga little better now si ncemany hams are a lso wiring

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615 WaltsTota l

Rig 400Keyer 20Clock 10Outboard Act iveCVV Filter 10Antenna Rotor 75Desk lamp 100

Example: 615/120=5.125 Amps 5.125/0.8 =6.4 Amps tota lYour Sial ion : /120 = Amps".-_10.8 Amps toterTake the totar power and divide by 120 to get the current, and thendivide by 0.8 to account for any power factor. The number you gel Isthe Ampere load you will have to supply from the ae line.

-evcc

-I2YOC• • •• • •

TER_AI. Sf.,PS()II J AC. S

Fig. 1. Fig. 2.

42 73 Magazine . November, 1981

Fig. 3.

Whatever you do, remem­ber tha t you will be makingchanges in your equ ipment,add ing boxes and replacingboxes, so that you want theflexi bility to change withoutmajor woodworking. If youd o decide to "buil d it in,"remember to leave room toget behind the units to workon the wiring.

Q. What abou t furn iture ?A. My shack consisted of afolding card table for manyyears. Iam now using an olddesk with a spare doorscrewed on top to provide

Fig. 5.

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ham shacks where the an­tenna coax, ac line, groundbus, and all of the wiring ishidden behind custom­made panels. Some of theseshacks wou ld put t he bestcomme rcial insta lla t ion tosha me. Is this what I shou ldplan on?A. There is no question thatdesigni ng and bu ilding aneat, custom-made insta lla­tion provides some hamswith just as muc h fun a ndcha llenge as work ing fo rDXCC. Howeve r, mosthams " rack it and stack it"in the most convenient way.

hot-water pipe rather than aco ld-wa te r pipe? How aboutthe rad ia tors? How abou tthe this or t he that?

A. Yes, yes, yes, If in doubt,connect it to all of them. Noone has an idea l ground andyou cannot hur t anything byco nnecting it to more thanone ground. Just stay awayfrom the ac wiring. The mostim porta nt t hing is to usewide braid or heavy al umi­num wire, secure ly clamped.You should also rememberthat these mechanical (no n­soldered) conne ct io ns cor­rode and shou ld be cleanedand t ightened periodically.

Q. Is th is ground bus thesame ground that is shownin the pictu res of ante nnas?

A. If you are using a coax-fedantenna, such as a d ipole orbeam, the shield of the coaxwill be co nnec ted throughyou r rig or matc hbox to theground bus, But the busplays little if any part in theantenna performance. How­ever, if you are using amatc hbox to feed a lo ngwire with no radi als, theground bus prov ides theother end of the antenna cir­cuit and is doubly impor­tant. See Fig. 4.

Q. Wha t about antennas insetting up my shack?

A. Your shack must be lo­ca ted in suc h a way that youcan run your antenna feed­lines to the operating posi­t ion. For this reason it isalways nice to be close to anoutside wall. Re mem be rthat no ham in history hasever had enough antennas,e it her. Plan ahead, and ifyou expect to run th reele ngths of coax into theshack , plan for at least six oreight and make whateverope ni ng you drill throughthe wall b ig enough for theadd itional feed li nes . It ismuch easier to stuff the extraspace with loose fibe rglassinsulation than to go backa nd drill so me more. Fig. 5shows one possibility .

Q. I keep seeing pictu res of

Q. Willi be safer if I connectthe ground bus to the aepower sys tem?

A. Unless you are an ex­perienced elec trician, theonly grounds you shoulduse with the ac line arethose built into the three­wire c o rd s common o nsome equipment. Keep yourground bus sepa ra te .

their shacks with both 12and 5 vo lts de.

Q. Why would I want to dothat?A. Typically, you will end upwith a main rig and then ahalf dozen solid-state ac­cesso ries. If you bui ld themindependent ly, there alsowill be a half dozen sma ll dcsu pp lies, each of whi c hmust be plugged into the acline. If you plan ahead a littleand set up a 12-vo lt powersupply at a few Amps, youcan power all of these unitsfrom the one supply. Mostof t he circuits around thesedays use 12 volts de, withthe except ion of those us ingSvolt digital logic . You ca nadd a separate Svolt dc sup­ply or incl ude a d ro ppin g re­sistor and vo ltage regu latorin each of the 5-volt units.

Q. Where is the ground busco nnected to ? Can I use a

Q. Since the ground bus isnot connec ted to the ec line,what do I need it for?

A. You need a good groundprimari ly fo r safe ty. I use a1" x 1/2" aluminum bar,run ning the length of my o p­era ting table. Every 6" Ihave dr illed and tapped it toco nnect braid fro m the busto eac h of the pieces ofequ ipment. When I put apiece of equ ipment downon the operating tab le, Iconnec t it to the grou nd busbefore I plug it in, and whenIwant to remove it, I unplugbefo re I di sconnect theground. If anything goeswrong, a t least I don' t endup with the 12(}-volt linevoltage on the front panel ofthe equ ipmen t. See Fig. 3,

73 Magazine · November, 1981 43

•

Q. Anyt hing e lse?A. There have been seve ralmillion ham-years of experi­mentation with the arrange­ment of stations . The bestbet is tovisit a number of sta­tions and see how they area rra nged. Don' t be overwhel med by the amount ofequipment you see. Whatyou are look ing for is howdo you sit and how do youreach things. Then experi­me nt before you plug in asingle wire. The on ly thingfo r certai n is tha t you wi llcha nge the arrangement be­fore very long and end upwith just the right a rrange­ment to su it you. •

Q. I already can see that Iwill run out of space quick­ly. Where else can I putthings?A. If you home-brew someof the station accessories,such as audio filters and key­ers. you can mount them in­side a 1"-high chassis andslip them under the rig. Asecond approach is to sus­pend them from the bottomof the shelf . Separate powersupplies can be placed un­der the opera ting positionon the floor, and you canalways hide th ings such asante nna rotor controls in adrawer.

Q. You sa id that the shacklocation and arrangementcould affect the entire fami­ly. How is that?A. l a te -n ight operationswith a loudspeaker or mostof the old RTTY un its posean obvious problem. If youset up in a remote corne r ofthe basement, co nside r in­cluding an intercom so thatyou can be ca lled for dinner.An extens ion te lephone isalmost a necessity, but beforewarned, it will ring justas it is your turn to call theA9 station on the OX net.

wood, it pays to experiment.Also check that the roomlights or you r desk lampdon't reflect in or wash outthe nu mbers o n the new rigswith the digi ta l dials.

""

TILT OOWN

""

Fig. 7.

TILT UP

Q. Why tilt it?A. Some people are morecomfortable with the rig tilt­ed backwards to put the fre­quency dia l more fu lly intheir line of sight. Others liketo tilt it down. Since the tota linvestment is a few pieces of

Q. (with horror) Modify mybrand new rig? Won't thatreduce its va lue when I wantto sell it?A. The se m o difi c a t ionswon' t. First, loo k at theknobs. O n CW I tend to rideboth the volume controland the tuning control. Ifound it much mo re com­fortabl e t o rep la ce the2"-diameter knob o n myHeath SB-102 with a larger,3" knob, and the flutedvolume control with anidentical size non-flutedkno b. You a lso can changethe he ight of the knobs byei t he r drilling holes in thedeskto p for the rubber feet(lower the rig) or by placingthe rubber feet on smallwooden blocks to raise theknobs. You also can tilt theri g (Fig. 7).

things . Some phone opera­tors literally use la rge arm­cha irs as they claim "arm­cha ir copy." CW operatorsusually opt for a stiff-backedcha ir with a soft cushion.The cushio n is optional unti lcontest time. The key th ingis to be comfortable for theperiods you are operati ng.For this reaso n, you a lso wlIIwant to modify your rig to fityou r needs.

unit you expect to have onthe bottom and then mountthe shelf at least 4" abovethis height to give heat achance to escape.

Q. How about the littlethi ngs , such as a c hair,lights, and such?A. Spend six or eight ho ursin a contest and you will findthese are not such little

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. WB6YSS AACADIA. CA 91006 W60RG

Fig. 6.

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more area (Fig. 6). Old desksare nice since they give youdrawers for storing logs, call­books, headphones, andseveral cubic feet of c lutte rwhic h otherw ise would layaround . You also can getmore top area by mountinga she lf above the desktopwith sec t ions of 2" X 4"wood and t-breckets. Mea­sure the height of t he la rgest

44 73 Ma gazine " November, 1981

FSK 1000TERMINAL UNIT

• Unparalleled selectivity achieved with sophisticatedtrue limiter less design

• Ultra sharp active filters• Tuneable shift (SQ-1ooohz)• Selectable bandwidths ClOO'55hz)• Three mode autostart• Posit ive dynamic range indicator• Ext ruded aluminum enclosure• Rugged commercial quality• Adjustable " mark hold"• Keyboard act ivated transmit• Optional AFSK keyer• Internal loop supply• AS232 or TTL• Ful one year warranty

FSK 500TERMINAL UNIT

• Superior selectivity• Selectable bandwidths• A ll standard shifts• 3 shift AFSK keyer included• Narrow shift I.D. included• Preselector included for QRM suppression• Economically priced• Funy w ired and tested• Compact size• RS232 or TTL• Full one year warranty• Optional loop supply

Louis J. Hutton K7YZZ12115 Sf 62nd StreffBellevue WA 98006

SSTV Signal Analyzer- simple and inexpensive, even

The completed SSTV audio signal analyzer.

Fo r t hose of us whoare experiment ing with

slow-scan TV, it becomesve ry a ppa re nt that one itemrequired in the ham shack isa device t hat will ind icateto the SSTV o pe ra tor thatthe received or transmittedSSTV signal is properly ad­justed for o pt imum graysc a le . Audi o fr equenc yspec t ru m analyzers de­signed for d isplaying theSSTV a udio signa l on asma ll CRT have been de­sc ri b e d in pre vious

•PWR.

ON

• --

articles.t-! These ana lyzersrequired the constructionof high-voltage supplies topower the CRT and asso­ci ated deflection ci rcui ts .Compone nts of th is typeare becoming more a ndmore diff icult for thebuilder to locate.

A s pec t ru m analyzerut ilizing so lid-state designwas described rece ntly thatcove red the a ud io range of30 Hz to 16 kHz and wasfar too so phist ica ted fo r

-

SSTV application. ' Anotherpai r of devices that ap­pea red on the market wereinvestigated for applicationin an SSTV signa l-a na lyze rfunction. They were theLM331 frequen cy-to-volt­age converters" and theLM3914 dot/bar displayd river. 4 Se ve ra l diffe rentcircuit configu rations werebui lt in an attem pt to usethem as a n SSTV aud io sig­nal anal yze r. The initi al re­su lts we re very d isa ppo in t­ing. The c irc uits were sub-

SSTYAUDIOINPUT

- - -

[ect to input level sensitivi­ty problems whic h adverse­ly affected the display read­ings. The spectrum cove r­age al so was determ ined tobe unsu itable for SSTV a p­pl ication . However, fromthe results of the literaturesea rched and with prob­lems identified from thebreadboard circui t experi­ments corrected , the con­figu ra tion of a workablelow-cost SSTV aud io signa lanalyzer was developed .

The unit descr ibed in thisarticle is of simple designand may be a ssembledfrom read il y ava ilable com­ponents. It will provide theham radio o pe ra tor with in­formation on the statu s ofaudio frequencies neces­sary for t he proper trans­mission and reception ofSSTV pictures .

Circuit Description

The SSTV signal analyzerco nsist s of five major items,an input signal amplitudelimiter, an adjustable-gainoperational amplifier, se­lective bandpass act ive fil­ters, LED signal indicators,and a power supply (Figs. 1and 2).

The incom ing SSTV au­dio signa l derived from thesta t ion's receiver or SSTV

46 73 Magazine. November, 1981

Table 1. Computer-derived data for SSTV audio signal analyzer bandpass active filters.

73 MagaZ ine • November, 1981 47

,

."

,"

."

."

C1 = C2(oF)

.01

.0 '

.01

.01

.01

.01

power supply is then con­nected to the circuit boa rdand pin 4 of each l M324 istested fo r plus 15 volts andpin 11 fo r minus 15 volts.

An audio signal genera­tor"-" is connected to the in­put and the frequency ot

R2 R3

490 360k310 360k240 360k195 360k160 360k130 360k

.,lSOklSOklSOk1SOk'SOk1SOk

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1.2

' .21.21.21.21.2

- 3dBBandwidth

1Hz)88.488.'88.488.'88.488.'

or

Test and Adjustment

The power supply is thefirst part of the un it to betested . Power is applied tothe transforme r and theregu lator outputs a rechecked for the proper plusand minus 15 vo lts. The

Fig. 1. SSTV audio signal analyzer.

ComputedFrequency

1M"'20015081713190020982327

cab inet to irn- '"(- 1/0 0 ../ .,.ay cont rast. A o 360K

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high-contrast '" •a • ".,D displays (RS '" • • 2102222

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' NPUT 1

sulat ing mou nt ing ha rd ­ware (RS 276-1371) fo r prop­er operation.

A piece of perfboard(4 Yl " x Yo "I was used tomount the six lE D frequen­cy d isp lay indicators . Ast rip of black plastic electri­cal ta pe was attached tothe surface of the displayboard on t he side fa cin g thefron t of th eprove disp lbezel withfilter for l E270-301) wathe frontwere appliefilter to ideaudio freqdetected aThe six LEDed in placeboard usingcement. Thewas mountbe zel usinmount ing st1/8" fibe r sp

pictu re -gene rati ng equip­ment is limited in ampli­tude by the limiter and isfed to a n ad justable gaino p e ra tio n a l amplifierwhose output is connectedto six different audio band­pa ss active filte rs. The se­le c t io n of componentvalues fo r each aud io fre­quency fil ter wa s made by acomputer program for ac­tive filter design run on mymicro compu ter (Ta ble 1).The SSTV audio frequen­cies se lected were 1200 Hz(sync), 1500 Hz (black), 1700Hz (gray), 1900 Hz (gray),2100 Hz (gray), and 2300 Hz(white).

The audio signal appear­ing in the o utput of each ac­tive filte r is fed to a tra n­sisto r drivi ng an LE D ind ica­tor . When the a pp ropriateSSTV aud io frequen cy ap­pea rs within the bandpassof the active filters, theresulting output causes theselected lE D to ill uminate .

Construction

The analyzer ci rcuit wasassembled on a perfboardpre-trimmed to fit the insideof a 6" x 2¥.. " X 7 V2"cabinet. The perfboard is4 %" x 4 Y2 " (Radio Shack276-1394) and is mountedo n two %"-high threadedmeta l st andoff s. The ICsoc ket s and componentparts a re point-to-pointhand-wired o n the back sideof the board. This circuithas not been converted to aPC board. The bridge recti­fie r diodes and filter capac­ito rs are assembled on asepa rate 2'A " x 2" perf­boa rd wh ich is mounted inth e cabinet o n 'h " -hig hthreaded metal sta ndoff s.

The three-te rmina l vol t­age regulators are mountedon the back of the chassiswh ich provides a ready­made heat sink. The totalmaximum cu rrent drainwhen allLEDs are illuminat­ed is 82 rnA. which is so lowthat the voltage regula torshave a very small heat rise.The negative voltage regu­lator requ ires the use o f in-

•

IOlerna/layout show ing components mounted on perfboard on metal stando ffs .

References

1. " The AF SA IV SS TVAnalyzer ." Robert Sud ingWIILMD, 73 MagaZine, Decem­ber, 1972, p. 17.2. Slow Scan Television Hand·book, Don Miller W9NTP andRalph Taggart WBSDOT, " SlowScan Televis ion Test Equip­ment, " p. 201 .3. " Handheld LED SpectrumAnalyzer," John Pfeiffer and Wil­liam Eppler, Popu lar Electron­ics, September, 1979, p. 62,4. Math 's Noles, Irwin MathWA2NOM, CO Magazine , No­vember, 1979, p. 71 .5. Experimenter's Corner, For­rest Mims, Frequency to VoltageConverters, Popular Electron­ics, July, 1979, p. 68.6. Experimenter's Corner, For­rest Mims, LEO Bargraph Dis­play Chips, Popular Electronics ,July, 1979, p. 68.7. " The Audio Synthesizer ForRTTY, SSTV, And What Ever,"Or. Robert Suding WIJLMD, 73Magazine, July, 1975, p. 98.8. " The Italian Frequency Gener­ator," Lou is I. Hutton K7Yll.., 73MagaZine, January, 1979, p. 24.

Fig. 4. SS TV audio signalanalyzer displays.

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to how it performed fo rthem . Questions regardingthe unit are welcome butplease enclose an SASE. •

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LEDs are flickering from thepresence of the SSTV aud iosigna l. When the receiver isprope rly t uned to an SSTVsigna l. the 12DO-H z sync fre­quency indicat or wi llflicker a t a steady rate of 15H, .

The 1SOQ-Hz to 23OQ-Hzfrequency ind icators will beillum inated d epend ingupon the pictu re video con­ten t. Fig, 4 shows how theanalyzer display will pre­sent different SSTV signals.If the sensitivity contro l isse t too high, allLEDs will bedriven o n.

Fig. 3. Typical fil ter align­ment.

Co nclusions

This littl e un it should beof considerab le he lp in en­a bling the SSTV expe ri­menter to send pictures ofimproved quality and to actas an a id in receiving pic­tures.

I would like to hear fromthose who bui ld this unit as

~GNO

Operation

Connect the SSTV audiosignal analyze r to the audiooutput from a receiver tha tis tuned to an SSTV signal,the output from an activeSSTV came ra system, o r anSSTV tape. Advance thesens it ivi ty control until the

mum brightness on the1200-Hz LE D indi cator atthis red uced input sensitiv­ity. This procedu re is thenrepeated Tor the remain ingfive freq uencies. The lasttest is to manually step theaud io s igna l generatorthrough the six frequenciesand observe that each LE Dturns on ind ividually as thesigna l generator is switchedfrom 1200 Hz to 2300 Hz.The SSTV aud io signal ana­lyzer is now ready for use.

Fig. 2. Power supply.

n Z~ CT~oo."C" l [ CUO. DI - 7~2

1200 Hz is selected . Thetrimmer control on the12C1O- Hz aud io filter is ad­justed for max imum bright­ness from the 12OQ-Hz LE Dfrequency ind icato r on thed isplay. The signa l genera­tor is now switc hed to 1500Hz and the appropriate au­dio filter tr immer control isadju sted for maximumbr ightne ss from the1500-Hz LED on the display.The same procedure is to berepeated for the rema in ingtour frequencies. (See Fig.3.)

An a ud io signal genera­tor is again reset to 1200 Hzand the sens it ivity setting isreduced until the 1200-H zd isplay LED ju st illumi­nates. The trimmer contro lon the 1200-Hz active filterIS again adjusted for maxi-

48 73 Magazine · November, 1981

TribanderThe Rugged, Reliable 10, 15, and 20-Met~

Yagi You've Been Waiting for Is NowAvailable.This exciting new tribarder sets the poce for dependable performancewith its two in one trap design - and the solid coosnucnco you'vecome toexpect fran Hustler. In fa ct. its durable design is partially based 00concepts usee in the tinne-testee one world-renawnee Hustler a-Borer Tra pVertical.

The 3-TBA is the smonest full-featured ' rlbande r available today. Itoffers excellent front to back ratio coo SWR at rescooroe.Plus. it isengineered to provioe the widest possible bandwidths with superkxpowerhardling copocltv,

A special heavy-duty saddle p revents mechanical distortion.Althoughlight enough to ship UPS. one enable use of smoller . less expensive rotors.the 3-TBA can manage wineloods up to TOO MPH! Its furning rad ius is only14 feet.

All in a ll. you canl surpass the Hustler 3-1BA for top frlbond q uali ty : Husfler- st ill the sta ndard of performance.

73 Magazine . November, 1981 49

•

Darrell D. McKin ley WB4PW(611 NT 14th CourtFr. lauderdale fl 33304

More for Less- this tune-up procedure gives more RTTY output,

less heat to dissipate

•

. "

DX IDIOTS ARISE!Dick Bash says you need THE COMPLETE IDlors GUIDE TOOX (by Stu Gregg, NF4Zj if:

be the same now as before,but check the ou tput powermeter read ing and you wi llfind about twice the poweroutput as before . And,agai n, subtract the outputpower f rom the input pow­er, and you wil l f ind yourtubes now have less thanhalf the power (heat) todiss ipate as before. Addinga mu ff in fan to d raw thewarm air out of the fin alcompartment w ill be aneven greater tube saver .

If you're using a linear, itshould be tuned after yourexc iter and should be tunedfor maximum output withthe ava ilable drive you nowhave from your excitertuned for RTTY. If you wishto run less than the max­imum your l inear wil l putout, reduce the load ing onthe l inear, retuni ng theplate for the desired poweroutput. Do not reducepower by reducing the driveon the exc iter as this putsyour tubes in the low eff i­ciency part of the powercurve.

Don't take my word forth is method - try it ! Yourtubes wi ll love it. Test t hismethod and prove to your­self it works, and save onthose tubes_.

half power or half the pla tecu rr ent. Th is is a poormethod to use as you areoperating on a very low partof t he efficiency cu rve(power input vers us poweroutput) of you r final tubes.Try the above method intoa dummy load. reduc ingyour d rive after tuning forCW to half the plate currentand no te the power on apower meter. Now, figureyou r input power [Ep x Ip)and subtract the outputpow er from the inputpower. The resul t is theamou nt of power (heat)your final tubes must d issi­pate.

Now retune. using thesame amount of d rive youused when tun ing up forCW, but instead of loadingfo r maximum output pow­er, reduce you r load ing toabout ten mils over one­half the plate cu rrent youwere loaded to for CW, re­tuning the pl ate for a d ip asyou relo ad . Now, for RTTYoperation, ad just t he driveto the point where yourpla te current (half the CWcurrent) just begins to drop.Thi s value should be one­half the current you nor­mally load to for CWoYou rplate input powe r should

hams. I have found , tunetheir rigs the sa me as theywould fo r CW o r SSB, thenred uce the d rive to about

The Idiot's Guide pulls no punches and doesn't 'snow' youwith nonessennats. but it does unlock some DXers' secrets;for example: How to OSL, What to say, Where to place yourantenna, How much.power to use,Whose awards can you get,Why and When to use sse or CW, and much more . . . thingsthat you need to know, and information that Honor Roll mem­bers had 10 learn the hard way.So Bash says , why be a dummy when you can be a real IDIOTwith this book? (You're gonna make me jealous if you suc­ceed, of course, but wahl the heck .. . )THE COMPLETE IDIOT'S GUIDE TO OX is avail able at dealersnationwide lor only $12.95, but if you can't stand to wait , sendBASH $14.45 (which will cover First Class postage, and Dickpacking the book with hi s own crafty hands). Oh yes, if youlive in California. please include 84¢ more for Sales Tax.

BASH EDUCATIONAL SERVICES, INC.P.O. Box 2115

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U sing an SS B rig forRTTY can be hard on

tubes. depend ing o n howyou tune up your rig. Many

50 73 Magazine · November, 1981

I mm:3l Theta 7000EMicroprocessor-ControlledCommunicationsTerminal

The pertect addit ion to anyamateur rad io install ation!Complete. automatic sendlreceive of Morse code (ew)Baudot code (RnY) and ASCIIcode (ATTY). Works withany video monitor.

New versatilitylor the old bearin your station . . .

Suggestedlist:

Model 7000 Drake Theta 7000E Terminal $1095.00

Model 7009 Drake TR·930 Video Monitor S 185.00

r-cnenner Battery Back·Up Memory, the Theta 7000E hasseven keyboard-selectable. non-volatile, random accessmemory channels each of which can hold 64 characters. Datain these memories is alterable at any t ime and is retainedwhen power is removed. Messages in these memory channelscan be repeated 1 to 9 l imes via keyboard command. Allchannels may be daisy-chained lor conti nuous read-out.Channel number in use is ind icated on display.

Wide Range 01 Tran smitting and Rece iving Speeds, 5 to 50wpm in Cw wi th autolrack on receive. Standard Rn y speedsof 50, 67, 75, and 100 wpm Baudot code and 110, 150, 200, and300 Baud ASCII code.

Sell Contained Demodulator, three-step shift selects either170 Hz, 425 Hz or 850 Hz shi ft wi th manual f ine t une con t rol01 space channel for odd shifts. High/low tone pair select.Mark only or spa ce only copy capab ilit y for selective lad ing.

CONVENIENT KEYBOARD FEATURES, automallc keyboard-oparatedtransmit, (KOX) or manual keyboard transmit. Unshi fl on space. revertsto LETIERS case alter reception of each space ch aracter in Baudotcode. CRil F is automaticall y inserted every 50, 72 or 80 charactersWhile transmitting. Cw identil ication, in RTTY mode. Echo tuncl ion,prerecorded cassette tapes can be read and transmitled. Teslmessages, " RV" and ··OBF". Transmit word mode, characters can betra nsrmtted in word grou pings.

Crystal Controlled AFSK Modulator.

High Tone Pairs Shi ft 170 Hz 425 Hz 850 HzMark 2125 2125 2125Space 2295 2550 2975

Low Tone Pairs Shif t 170 Hz 425 Hz 850 HzMark 1275 1275 1275Space 1445 1700 2125

• Print... Interf.ca tor Hard Copy, an modes l or parallel ASCII prin ters.Loop keyer for con ventional te leprinters. • Composite Video Output. lorany standard video monitor. • Kansas City Sta~ard AFSK Output, KeStone pair ' Of ASCII. • large Capac ity Display Memory, two page displaymemQl)' contains 32 X 16 l ines per page. • Spllt·Screen. with akeyboard command. the display can be divided in two: the upper haltlor transmit and the lower hall for receive. Messages can be composedwhile receiving . • Buller Memory, !)J character type-ahead keyboardbuller. • Word Wra~Alou~, in receive mode, word wrap-aroundprevents the last word on a line I rom becoming spli t in two, Moveswhole word to next line. • Automatic lette", Code Insertion, if desired.lETIERS (diddle) code can be tranarmtted continuously in a pause 01Iransmill ing I rom the keyboard. • Audio Monilor, a bui lt·in audiomoni tor ci rCUIt with autcmanc transmitJreceive switching enableschecking 01 the transmit/receive tones. • Transmitter Keying Circuitry,keys ei ther grid block, cathode keyed, or eonc-srate transmmers. •Power Requirement, The Theta 7000E requires only 13.6 vue @ 1 amp.Plugs into 13.6 vee accessory jack on PS7 or PS75 power supplies. •Etlecti.,. Packaging lor RFI Protection, well designed metal cabinet andcrctecnve c trcuus prevent RFI. • Termina l Size: 15.8"W x 11 .8"0 x4.7"H (40 x 30 x 12 cm) · Wetght: 11 lbs (5 kg) • Monitor Size: 8.7"W x9.8"0 x 8.9 "H (22.1 x 24.1 x 22.6 cm) · Weight: 11 Ibs (5 kg)

Model 1230 LA? Line Amplifier $49.95 5' 09" '" U"

line output, input levels as low as 15 mV rms(47 kilohm) wil l result in an output of 1 mWnomiM I in to a 600 ohm balanced l ine. Outputrever adjuslable by mtemat pre-set levelcontrol. Interfaces low level audio to RTIY

R. L. DRAKE COMPANY

terminal unit or phone line that requires a 600ohm balanced/unbalanced inpu t. One 36"p hono to phono cable suppli ed. • Size: 4.5 " L x1.3" H x 2.5 " W (11.4 x 3.3 x 6.4 cm). Weight.3 100. (.1 4 kg).

540 Richard 51. , Miamisburg . Ohio 45342 , USA

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73 Magazine · November , 1981 51

Karl T. Thurber, Jr. W8FX117 Poplar DriveM illbrook A L 16054

Inside the Palomar Preamp- big ears for your receiver

Rega rdless of the sophis- a preampl ifier of qu estion­nca tton, cos t, o r co m- able usefulne ss-though

plexitv of one 's amateur ra- this "a rmc ha ir spec ula tio n"dio eq uipme nt, there a l- does not always hold water.ways seems to be room for O lder and especiall y vacu­adding a few cus tom acces- urn-tu be e ra and SWl-ori­sones to round ou t the sta- ented equ ipment can a l­tion's inven tory. O ne of the most a lways profit from th emost common accessories install ation of a pre amp.is the receivi ng preampl ifl- Th us I looked fo rward withe r. Most of t he best-de- antici pa tion to trying o utsigned (and costly) trans- one o f the new Pa lomar En­ceivers and rece ive rs sold gin eers P-310X transceivertoday have enough sens itlv- pream ps. I obtained one atity and front-end rf selectiv- the 1981 ARRl Nationalltv to make the pu rc hase of Convention at O rlando, to

try o ut with some 1980s vin­tage gear.

The new Palomar un it isthe successo r to a n ea rliermodel. introd uced aboutthree yea rs ago, that wassty led a long the lines ofmost Palomar accessories:die-cast aluminu m cabine twith a bright red-orangecover. The o lde r un it cov­ered the 1 .8-54-MHz ra ngeand featured circuitry andgain com parable to t henewer version, but it had atransmi t-rece ive (TjR) relay

that occasionally gave trou­bl e . The new bi-line a rP-31QX is actu a ll y one of aline of fo ur simila r preampsoffered by Pal o ma r. Itsclosest cousin is the P-31 2X,which is simila r but is de­signed for 12-V de opera­tion. The P-308 is a receiver­only ac-powe red preamp,while the P·305 is the samereceiver-onl y unit but in­tended for 9-V de operationusi ng a standard transistorrad io battery. Though allmode ls are sim ila r, theP-310X is the top of theline; its bi-linear circuitryfeatu res T/R sensing forau toma tic cutout of thepreamp whi le transmittingand t he bui lt-in power sup­pl y a llows co nve nienthookup to an ac outlet bymeans of t he six-foot three­conductor power cord.

The preamp uses a tunedrf ampl ifier whic h covers a llof the ham bands from 160through 6 mete rs (1.8 to 54MH z) and all radio servicesin be tween. The continuouscove rage f e ature a lsomakes it suitable for gener­al- coverage and SWl pur­poses. At the hea rt of theunit is a low noise dual-gateFET transistor amp whichaffords a 1 .5- to 3.5-dB no isefigu re . Input a nd output im-

Paloma r Engineers P-31OX transceiver preamp lifier (Photo courtesy of Patomar Engineers)

52 73 Magazine · November, 1981

Continued on page 180

-Tim Daniel N8RK73 Magazine su«

Four New Books for theExperimenter

I magine that it is a rainySaturda y afte rnoon. So l

has gon e on a rampage,leavin g your favorite OXband in d isarra y. Instead ofsearching for a new countryto work, you dec ide towarm up the soldering ironand build a simple yet use­fu l project. Next you turn tothe bookshelf to find asource for your rai ny dayfun.

Beginner's HandbookOf Ie Projects

The lucky experimenterwill find a copy of theBeginner's Handbook of tcProjects by David Heiser­man. This 216-page Pren­t ice-Hail publication coversbuilding, troubleshooting,understanding, and testi ngelementary integrated cir­cuit projects. The emphasisis on co nst ruct ion. Each ofthe 84 pro jects has aschematic diagram accom­panied by a parts list a ndbrie f description of circuitoperation. The author en­courages t he builder to usea solderless breadboard todebug a nd expe rime nt withthe c ircui ts; they ca n laterbe buil t in a more perma­nent fash ion.

The circ uits in the Begin­ner's Handbook of IC Proj­ects range from a " Sim pleLight Flasher" to a "15­Cha nnel Rf Synthesizer. "The parts required to buildthe pro jects include garden

va riety TTl chips as we ll asmore exot ic linear rc s. Ifyour junk box is no t up tosnuff, then you ca n ge tmost of the componentsfrom Radio Shack or one ofthe mail-order houses. De­tailed pinou t and funct ioninforma tion fo r the ICs isgiven in a n a ppend ix.

The pro jects in thi s ha nd­book are no t ea rth-s hatter­ing achievements that willchange you r life, but theya re certainly fun and edu­cational. If you are a ha nds­on type who e njoys simpleyet sta te-of-t he-a rt pro jects,then cons ide r add ing Begin­ner's Handbook of Ie Proj­ects to your library. Bo thhardbound a nd paperbackedi tions a re available fromPren t ice-H all , EnglewoodChffs N) 07632.

Ed Noll's Solid Sta te CircuitFiles, Volumes I and IIHave you ever wondered

just what a common collec­tor amplifier does o r how acounter ci rcuit works? Yoursea rch for this kind of info r­mation might lead you toEd Noll's Solid State CircuitFiles. This two-volume set ispub lished by Howard W .Sams and Company. Eac hbook is designed to giveelectronics buffs practicalexperience with the c ircu itsthat fo rm the b ui ldi ngblock s fo r o ur modem-daytechnol ogical wonders.

Vo lume 1 of Solid Sta teCircuit Files cove rs bipol a rtra nsisto r, FET, a nd linearIC ci rcui ts . There a re morethan 60 circuits, startingwith simple transistor am­plifie rs and progressing tot he po pula r linea r IC de­vices. Each file includes ac ircuit di agram, a detailedtec hnica l description , a nd asuggested proced ure fo r ex­peri mentation. Digita l cir­cuits are featu red in Vol­ume II. The 61 files areevenly split between CMOSand TTL app lications tha trange from basic gate func­tions to multichip counte r­di splay designs.

The student o r serious ex­perimenter who is a rmedwith Solid Sta te CircuitFiles, a breadboard, and ahandful of parts can obta ina good understanding ofwhat makes a c ircuit t ick . Ifyou have a lready masteredthe basics, then the ci rcuitfiles can be a hel pful re fer­ence when you want to re­fresh your knowledge of aspecific circuit: Vo lumes Ia nd II of Ed Noll's SolidSt ate Circui t Files a reavail able from Howard W.Sams a nd Co., 4300 West62 nd St., PO Box 7092 , Ind i­anapolis IN 46206.

TroubleshootingSolid-S tare Circuits

The t hird book tha t youmight reach for on a rain yafte rnoon would be Irou-

bleshooting Solid-State Cir­cui ts by George Lovedaya nd Arthu r Se id man. Thecore of the text centers on a"co nci se description of ma­jor solid-state devices andthei r operation in practicalcircuits .. . followed by adiscussion of how these de­vices and ci rcu its fa il a ndwha t troubleshoo ting tech­niques a re employed to iso­la te and correct the fau lt inminimum time."

Troubleshooting Solid­State Circuits is written as astudy tex t fo r a course inelect ro nics t rou bleshoot­ing. There a re exercises fo rthe student to solve a ndanswers to the exercises inthe back of the book. This isnot a how-to-do-it stylebook. You won't find step­by-step instructions to bui lda super-duper bang box; in­stead, yo u wi ll have areso urce for lea rning howbasic ci rcuits operate andhow to diagnose thei r ills.

The first chapter can beparticularly helpful to abeg inning troubleshooter,since it desc ribes how touse measur ing instrume ntsas we ll as the basic pro­cedures used to diagnoseeven t he most complexelectronic equipment. A106-page softbound editionof Troubfeshooting Solid­State Circuits is availablefrom John W iley & Sons, 1Wil ey Dr.. Somerset NJ08873 .•

54 73 Magazine· November, 1981

•

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CB to 10- part XXXI: simplified offsets

The o nly thing left to dowas to find a simple circuitto obtain the l00-kHz offsetused by repeate rs o n 10.Anot her sea rc h t hrou ghback issues of 73 yieldedthe 600-kHz offset for 2mwhich became the inspira­tion for the circuit in the ac­companying d iagram.

The un it was then placedon 10 FM using the January,1980, and November, 1978,73s as a guide . The cover­age using the thumbwheelswitc hes is 29.000 to 29.990MHz. 50 care must be usedto ensure that all transmis­sions are in the amateurbands. but no trouble hasbeen experienced with th is .If you are nervous, an add i­tiona l circu it could be add­ed to prevent out-of-bandt ra nsm iss ion, but tha t'sanother project.

that the gates see the co r­rect logi c leve ls.

The 74157 is a q uad2-l ine-to-l data selector. Apai r of 7400 NAND gatesand a 7805 regulator to in­terf ace the offse t circuit tothe radio make up thesw it c h in g log ic . TheTRC-452 uses an 8-volt linewhich goes low on transmitto switch the rad io betweenreceive and tra nsmit. Thisline is brought dow n to the5 volts req uired by the TTllogic by the 7805 . A switchon the front panel is used toremove the 8-volt transm itline when no transmit offsetis desired .

If you sit down and workout the inna rds of the sub­trac tio n logic, it will be­come obvious that it is abinary ra ther than a trueBCD subtraction, but this isreally on ly a problem usingBCD switches when 1 is sub­tracted from zero. The an­swer is 15 instead of the 9we would get wit h a BCDsubtraction . Rathe r tha nadd mo re circuit ry to glossthis over, I decided to use aNAND gate left over tosense thi s invalid code andinhibit the offset. Thi s is thefunction of U3C and co n­forms with the main designgoal of a simple, easy-to­build circuit.

Hopefully, this l 00-kHzoffset will be of use toot he rs who are conve rtingthis or similar CB units foruse o n l D-meter FM. Pickup yo ur so ldering iron andhave at it ! I'll see you on 10FM .

."

~TO 8~i UIT LJNE

•

The offset c ircu it con­sists of two main portio ns:the subtract ion logi c andthe switc hing logic. It isp la ced betwee n t hel00-kHz BCD switch andthe programmable dividerinputs. Four exclusive NORgates are used to achievesubtract io n in co njunctio nwith two NAND gates usedas inverters and four 1N914diodes wired as O R gates .The 74lS266 was chosen. aswere all of the parts used,because it is readi ly avail­able. Since it uses open col­lector outputs, resistors R7through R10 must be used,but if a 74135 exclusiveNO R gate package can belocated, the fou r co llectorresistors can be eliminated,fu rt he r s imp lify ing con­st ruc tion . Resi sto rs Rlthrough R6 are all pull­down resistors to ensure

" 00.,.."

• 0 10 "

~~

.. • C 0

1. 1, 1. 1..

...,.

,.",,

-ev

-," ,,

b " ,

,--- -- ----,: uz :: 7400 ,,. ,

o ~ :

,L _

Fig. 1.

: 0 0,, •• ,, ,, •

' 03 ', ' "": "-IV,,,, .

"9lon

W it h th e g row ingnumber of C8-t0-1D­

conversion art icles, an urgeto do my part and liberateone from 11 meters fina llygot the best of me. I ob­tained a Realistic TRC-452and was then faced with theproblem of which of thema ny band plans to use. Alisten on 10 with the Fl-f O'lonly served to compoundthe problem . Then a longcame the Jan uary, 1980. 73with a C8-t0-10 FM conver­sion, and I was so ld!

•

A Sams fo r the 452 wasobtained and studied atgreat length. The TRC-452uses a uDP-585 chip as theheart of the synt hes izer.This chip has a BCD pro­grammable d iv ider, so itwas decided to use thumb­wheel switches for channelselection.

56 73 Magazine . November, 1981

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C-7800 450 Mhz FM TransceiverI II Mcde selector (2) SQuelch (3) Push on/volume cootrol(4) Po'lller selector (5) Olanrlel selector (6)Memoryenter key (1) Spare key (8) Memor ~ recall key (9) MHz key (10) Scan all key (I I) Ca ll key( J2)Scan memory key (13) CCl Key (14) Scan mode SWitch (l5) Scan speed SWItch (16) SlRFmeier (17) Ulmdlcator (18) Rl lOdltator (19) R2 mdcator (20) Freq.dlspla~ (21)Stand (22)Frequencyup-down control

8-blt Microcomputer:The C-1800 incorporates an 8-bi t mic rocomputer w ith hig h processi ng capabil­it y. The brand -new LSI. wh ich has been developed espec iall y l o r this tra ns­ceive r, has a huge m emo ry capaci ty tw ice that 01 ccovenuc nau . s ts A f u ll 16Ktats lor read only memory (RO M ) and O,6K b its for random access memory(RA M) . Th is is the brain ot tne C-1800 wh ich precisely controls the many acuvetunc ncns suc h as multi-mode scanning and s-cnanner memory. It actuallymemorizes. th inks. and m akes decisions lor quick and correct channel controlThe m icrocomputer otte rs the following functions;• Capab le 01m emorizing . or prog ra mming any f ive (5) frequencies • Scans upand d own the l ive stored channelfrequencies • A frequenc y range Irom 438 Mhzto 449,915 MHz divided in to 12 steps 01 1 Mhz each . and eac h 1 M hz spanscanned up and down at 25 o r 50 KHz intervata.e Automatic search fo r b usy orvacant channeta.e T wo switchabte scanning speeds • A higher priority g iven tothe call channel. • Memory back- up. Preprogram med cn annett requencies aremaintained in t he memory when the main powe r to t he uni t is switched O FF. Anabnormal low supply vol tage makes an internal DC - DC converter maintain theback-up voltage a t a constan t level . • Up to 480 channels can be selec ted usmqthe non-contact channel selector which has 24 steps per rotation tzaocnaonersat 50 KHz inte rval and 480 channel s a t 25 Khz ),

RECEIVER SECTION TRANSMITTER SECTIONReceiver type Double superheterod yne Transmitter power output 10 watts/ I watttr rrecuences, 1st 214 MHz. 2nd: 455 kHz Outcutrmpedence 50 ohmsSenSitiVity: 0 5uV (20 dbOSI.0 4uV(12 dBSINAO) SpUriOUS response fe)eCtlOn -60 dBPa ss bandwidth ~1. 5 KHz 1-6d 81 Ma omum Ire<luency devlabOll .:i5 kHzSelecbvlty Createl than 60 dB a\ ~25 kHz Modulaltorltype Varllble reactanceSQuelch ttlreshold senSlbVlty 02uV Af response 300 Hz 10 3000 HzAF output .••.•• Zw Into 8 ohms @ 10'Il0 dlslorbon Microphone mcctenoecerce 600 ohmsAF IGad rmpeoence 8 Ohms Supply voltage/ curren!... 13 8 vdc/4 5 AStandb ~ cuflent a,6A SIze 6,6"w' 2,3"h ' 9 4"d, 661bs

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H • h' ,ere s w at It costs• . ..Model & Description H.Jm NetHG52SS CroJnk-u p Tower $990.00HG10 10' mast 56.00HGCOA Co oJ x Arms (3) 39.00TH5DX Tri-Band Anlenna 289.952BDQ Trap Doublet 59.95BN-86 BoJluns (2) 31.90HDR300 RoloJlor 499.95

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73 Magazine . No vember, 1981 57

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19 Loretra RoadWaltham MA 01154

An X-Band Swept-Signal Source- one for the road

Fig. 1. Block diagram of method o f presentation of swept signal.

RA MP SlfiltAL FOR S t¥EEPANO SrwCHRONIZATION

ed. also indicated leve ls ofattenuation or gain.

The fi lter being pro­cessed using t he abovetechnique is part of thefront end of a radar detec­tor which is cente red on10.525 GHz. the X-bandpolice radar assignment .The filter forms a preselec­tor fo r a varactor-tunedGunn oscillator transceiverfront end manufactured byMicrowave Associates. Thedetected output of thetransceiver is fed into a3O-MHz i-f amplifier . Theco mbina tion makes an ex­tremely sens it ive radar de­tector.

The output of the super­heterodyne receiver de­sc ribed above is directed in­to an al arm system whichwas tripping on signa ls fromothe r services wh ich wereoutside of the police radarband. The receiver also isused on the X-band amateura ssignments . When themanual tuning control vo lt­age is replaced with the out­put of the sweep circuit andthe detected output andsweep voltages are appliedto an oscilloscope, a pan­oramic view of the spec­trum can be observed.

A second, swept Gunn

T~ooo"

1

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signed which was appliedto the varactor tuning ca­pacitor of a Gunn diode os­ci llator. It performed verywe ll for both applications .A waveguide cavity wave­meter then was inserted inthe detection waveguide toprovide a discontinuity inthe trace which co uld bemoved as the cavity wave­meter was adjusted . Thispro v id e d m a rk ers t hatwould assist in indicatingpassband widths, and whenthe ampl itude was calibrat-

sweep voltage co u ld beused to provide the hori­zontal sweep for an oscillo­scope, and when a detectedoutput is appl ied to the ver­tica l amp lifie r of the oscil­loscope. a visual pattern ofthe passband of the filtercan be observed. This formof presentation also wouldbe helpful when tuning upan X-band horn antenna, al­though a sensitive rece iverwou ld have to provide thevertical sign .

A sweep circuit was de-

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Tuning up a waveguidefilter for an x-band re­

quirement can be a tediousjob. A swept-frequency os­cillator seemed to be inorder. The sweep circuitmust tune an oscillatorac ross the band of inte rest.It should provide a voltageramp which rises in ampli­tude. abrupt ly falls to zero,and then repeats itself. Thewidth and amplitude mustbe adjustable in order tocontrol sweep ing in theband of interest. This same

60 73 MagaZine. November. 1981

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· ,t ~ - I) ",,.,,',n VOLUG(oscillator is used in themanufactu re and tune-upof horn antennas for radardetectors which I manufac­ture. The receiver descr ibedabove is located at a con­siderable dista nce fro m thetransm itting horn, and thesweep voltage from thetransm itting osc illator is ap­plied to the receiver-verac­to r tuning over a long cable.This allows the receiver tobe swept in synchro nismwith the transmitter and theresulting oscilloscope pre­senta tion used to assist inmaking adjustment to thehorn antennas.

Fig. 2. Sweep circu it and power supply for a swept-frequency Gunn oscillator.Considerable care in set­

ting up an antenna range asdescribed must be exer­cised. It must, at my loca­tion, be arranged so that thetransmitting horn is at rightangles to the nearby high­way (which is in view) sothat jamm ing will not occurto the Blue Wagons parkedalong the hi ghway.

A block d iagram (Fig. 1)of the test setup will give agood idea of how to applythe sweeper circuit to a sim­ilar Gunn diode setup. ACunnp lexer is used in theamateur band rece iver , butwit hou t the osc illoscopesi nce mo untainto pping ishard enough without theweight of myoid Tektronix535. The circuit ry showshow it is all done, with em­phasis o n swee ping thet r a nsi t ting os c illator 's50-mill iwa tt ou tp ut. Theuse of a higher-power Gunnoscillator is a nt ic ipatedwh ich will inc rease thetransm itt ing distance.

let's take a look at thesweepe r circuit (F ig . 2). Itco nsists of a pulse r keying amonostab le osci lla tor toproduce a ve ry linear ra mpvo ltage . This voltage is fedinto a source-follower be­cause the output of theramp is taken from thejunction point of the timingcapacitor, C, and its switc h.This is a fa irly high-imped­ance point and load ing can

destroy the ramp linear ity.The FET source-follower isfed into an emitter-followerwh ich provides the outputvoltage and c urre nt re­quired to drive the varactortuni ng over the req uiredvoltage excursio n.

The two integrated c ir­cuits are 555 timers. One isco nnected as an astable os­ci ll a tor to produce the trig­ger pulse for the second 555which is co nnected as amonosta b le c irc u it . Thetiming of each of theseunits can be made adjust­a ble and some further de­sc ription will assist in decid­ing how fas t it should bemade to swee p.

A 50-milliwatt Gunn os­ci lla to r swe p t over a1QO-MHz frequency band in0.8 seconds would causeonly sma ll problems to anykind of radar since the timeon a particular frequencywould be only a very smallpart of the sweep time. ButI needed an osci lloscopepresentation and, of course,a faster sweep, at least a3O-Hz rate . A swee p rate atthis speed will draw little at­tent ion to its o riginato rbecause it is below the radi­al velocity of an X-bandsignal. '

This velocity factor, 31.4,

mu lt ipl ied by the desireddetection speed of a radardetermines the rate which isused for the display systemof the radar. Example: 1884divided by 31 .4 Hz equals60 miles per ho ur. So, if theswept rate is less than 31.4Hz, it will not ind icate be­ca use most police radarsare ca li brated to plus orminus 1 mph. The rada r re­ceiver , of co urse, will de­tect the signal, and, in fact,it may just jam it so that itcannot indicate any speed.The best way to use th is de­vice is keep it pointed awayfrom roads and highwayswhen tuning up your radardetec to r.

The circuitry shown usesall fixed values so that thesweep freque ncy will be be­low the rad ia l ve loc ity de­scribed. The co mponentsmarked A, B, and C can bechanged to suit the needs ofthe construc to r. Resistors Aand B can be potentiome­ters and capacitor C willhave to be changed accord­ingly . Co nsu ltat io n of datasheets! fo r the t iming rate sfor the monostable and as­table circuits will save con­siderab le time in choosingthe right values .

The MA 87125 varactor­tu ned G un n osc il lato rtransceive r used in the

swept-s igna l source reoqu ires 650 milliamperes ofcurrent for the Gun n d iodebias. A circuit shown as partof the swee per circuitry,marked bias regu lator, willprovide te n volts maxi mu mat the des ired current fo rthis purpose. If a greaterpower output Cunn unit isused, a la rger regulator willbe requ ired . A 78-series reg­ulator will hand le currentsover 1 Ampere.

The circuitry shown wasbuil t as a breadboard on asmall piece of pe rfboa rdwith flea cl ips serving assolder poi nts for the com­ponents. No pa rticular carewas given to parts place­ment and no problems weree ncountered with the cir­cu it wired in this manne r.Severa l other units weremade to be used mo bileand were mounted on aprinted circuit board manu­factured by Peters Publica­tions, PO Box 62, lincolnMA 01773, and will be avai l­able shortly at a moderatecost.

Whe n const ruction iscomplete, it is advisable tomake the following simpletests without co nnectingthe Gunn system to it. To dothis, apply 12.5 to 13.5 voltsto the input voltage termi­nal. This vo ltage ca n besupplied from an au tomo-

73 Magazine . November, 1981 61

"bile storage battery or anyco nvenient source . If avehicle battery source suc has a cigarette Iighte r jack isused, additional filtering isneeded to keep out alterna­tor or generator whine. Ad­just potent iometer D toprov ide a read ing of 4 voltsas ind icated on a vo ltmeter .This will guarantee that theswee pe r starts off a t thecenter of the tun ing rangeof the va ractor tuning sys­tem for the Gunn o scillator.Next. ad just poten tiometerE to indicate 10 volts at thepoint indicated for theGunn diode bias voltage .

You may now connec tthe transceiver to the sweepcircu it card . Be sure thatyou remove the de supplywhile you are connec t ingthe circu it to the transceiv­er. This unit cos ts co nsider­ably rnore than you want toth rowaway by blowing aGu nn diode o r veractorwith a spike caused by a

so ldering iron o r some oth­er fluke.

When all connec t ions arecompleted and you are sureof them, turn on the dc sup­ply. You should be able todetect rf output from theGunn oscillator with an rfdetector . If none is avail­able, connect a vo ltmeterto the Doppler output sol­der pin and term inate th ispoint w ith a 5QO-Ohm resi s­tor. When the Gunn diode isoscillat ing, the correct out­put voltage should be 0.2volts across thi s resi stor. Ifit is higher, adjust the screwfound in the w aveguideflange (just beh ind wherethe antenna connects) unti lthe 0 .2 volts appears. Makesure the antenna is pointingaway from reflecting sur­faces when making this ad­justment.

Now that these adjust­ments have been made, youcan be certain that the os­cillator is sweeping from

10.465 GHz up to 10.525GHz . W ith the voltmeterconnected ac ross t he varac­tor tuning pin, readjust po­tent iometer D so that themeter now reads 8 volts.With the vo ltage set at thi spoint, the ramp wil l pull theo scil lator through its rangeand sweep approximately± 60 M Hz either side of thecenter f requency accordingto the manu facturer' s spec­if ications. J The sweep lin­eari ty is considerably betterthan the tun ing linearity oft he va rac tor diode, sobunching up of the sweptfrequency will exist on thehigh end. A small jump oc­curs at the low end which iscaused by the breekoverpoint of the same d iode.also contributing to a non­linear start of the rampedfrequency .

When using thi s devi ceoutside or in a vehicle, itmust be remembered thatthe osc ill ator is sub jec t to

temperature problems as isany free-running oscillatorfo r wh ich temperaturecompensat ion has not beenmade. The manufacturerstates that these units aretuned at the factory to thespeci f ied center frequen cy± 5 MHz with 4 volts on thetuning varacto r, and thatthe electron ic tuning sta bil­ity is - 350 kH z per degreeC. With thi s informat ionavailable. it should be ev i·dent that the sweep fre­quencies available fromth is unit are seriously af ­fected in the New Englandweather, so in the winte rthe antenna range is not inuse and 20 meters is aga inmy meat. •

Relerenc851.Sterl ing Olberg W1SNN, "MobileSmokey Detector,' 73. Holiday,1976.

2 .Motoro la Linear Ie Handbook,

third edition, p. 8·294.

3. Microwave Associates BulletinNo. 761 8C. MA-87105 series.

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82 73 Magazine . November, 1981

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SUB-AUDIBLE TONEFOR THE ICOM IClA!AT

• l.' A

c l,o A... z.o "

Tab le 1. Short-c ircuit c ur­rents fo r three common celltypes.

•

"So me or all of the ce llsmay have a high inte rna lresistance." More words,but c heaper than re placi ngotherwi se good ce lls.

Inte rnal re si stance in­creases with the age of a nydry cell. Th is is why theterm "she lf life" is used,Mos t cells wil l always mea­sure fu ll voltage, even nearthe e nds of their usefullives. Only really fresh cell swill deliver full current.

Finall y: The su bject o fthis articl e is the testing ofca rbo n-z inc d ry ce ll s. Alka­line, mead. gell. and lead­acid cells shou ld be testedwith discretion . For high ca­pacity cells, a ci rcuit similarto Fi g. 1(b) with a low va lueres istor at R1 could be usedunti l you have some idea ofwhat the peak c urre nt willbe. Be kind to your meter! .

Fig. 1. Cell testing w it h a VOM (a) and a n a utomotive ceJltester (bj. Rm l is shown w ith dotted fines because it is invisi­b le in most cases. This is d iscussed in the text. R1 would beperhaps 0.01 Ohm for an automotive cell tester, and from 1to 10 Ohms for typical amateur applicat ions.

I""t.

CELL -=-1_--,

A

three common sizes of ca r­ball-zinc ce ll s are shown inTable 1 . These a re typi cala nd may va ry. Note that ex­tended testing is self-de­fea ting . About 5 secondsshould be e nough fo r youto ta ke a reading .

The trouble with cells ist hat they a ll have somea mou nt of inte rnal resis­ta nce (Rmtl When this islow in re la t ion to the loadresistance (when the HTwas in the receive mode, forexample), then it may be ig­nored . When the internal re­sistance of the cell is high inre lation to the lo ad, as withthe HT in t he t ran smi tmode, the n most of the cel lvo ltage will be dro ppedac ross Rmt. The load willreceive on ly a frac tio n ofthe to tal cell voltage a ndthe load current will belimited by Rin l .

In the case of a battery ofseve ra l ce lls. as in the HTsmentioned , one or two badcells did re nder an entirep a ck se e m ing ly use less ."The batteries are dead ."Rea ll y, it is be tter to say,

The solution wa s tograde the ce lls, using these tup shown in Fig. 1(a).This test is simila r to thelead-acid cell tester w hichused to be used befo re ca rbatteries we re sea led . SeeFig. 1(b} for th is antiquedevice , Ca ut ion: Do not testa ny high capac ity cells thi sway with a YOM. Be sureyou r YOM wi ll ha ndl e thepeak c urre nts shown.

Short-circuit currents fo r

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FEATURES

O nce upon a time, I wassent two boxes of AA

ce ll s fo r use in a pair of HTs.Both of the HTs rece ivedwell a fter the ce lls hadbeen installed, but on ly onewou ld tra nsmit. Swappingbattery packs revealed thatthe problem was in the bat­ter ies, not in t he HTs. Therelatively low dra in in therece ive mode was su pport­able; the high drai n in thetransmit mode was not.

•

64 73 Magazine . November, 1981

"'" I

550.00525.00

73 Magazine . November, 1981 65

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The magic of digital electronics is coming to ham gear ... and you ' ll be able to read about thesedevelopments in 73. There probably will be more changes in ham equipment in the next fewyears than ever before in history. You 'll see these changes coming in 73, where you'll read aboutthe experiments and pioneering. 73 has more articles than any other ham magazine ... often morethan all the others combined.

When sideband got started , it was moved along by the many pioneering articles in 73. In the 60sit was solid state, with several times as many articles on the subject than in all the other magazinescombined. When repeaters and FM got going about ten years ago there were over five times asmany articles on the subject published in 73 as in all other ham magazines com bined ... and youca n see what changes that brought to hamming. Now we're looking at exciting developmentssuch as narrow band sideband for repeaters ... which might give us six times as ma ny repeatersin ou r present bands. We're looking at auto matic identification systems w hich may make it possi­ble for us to read out the ca ll letters of any station tuned in ... and even the development of self­tuning receivers.

Will stereo double sid eband techniques make it possible to have up to 30 times as many stationswithin a given HF band as is now possible? Hams w ill be experimenting and reporting on thesedevelopments in 73. 73 is an encyclopedia of hamming ... present and future ... and just a bit ofthe past , too.

,----------------------------31N86

Without the endless fillers on station activities and club news, 73 is able topublish far more information .. . valuable information ... on hamming andham equip ment.

You may or may not be a pioneer, but you certain ly w ill want to keep upwith w hat is happening and what the new rigs are going to be like. And , frank­ly, you r support of 73 is needed to keep this type of information coming.

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LETTERS

1

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A SIMPLER WAY

No split orders.-Wayne.

In rererence to the articlet itled "Solar-Powered Align­ment Tool" in the August 73,there is a way to determine anorth-south or east-west linefrom the sun without the useof tables. clocks. calculations,etc., as are needed in sa idarticle.

The methocl requires only asmall area of relat ively levelground and a st ick (two or three

Wow! That's a great idea onCSl cards. I need California on20m SSB. I think a nickel isabout right. Here's my check.Please hurry !

Larry Buhrman WA4GKGChattanooga TN

refUSing a case tha t could onlyhave wasted taxpayers ' money.Individuals in our society arestill innocent until proven guilty.May it always be SO. - KA fLR.

I

1 1

the litle he submitted lor the ar­ticle wa s " The Wi ly CoyoteHunters." In his opinion, it wa sthe FCC that was the " paper u,ger" in this case.

If we really seek to encouragethe FBI in the pursuit of jam­mers and other illegal rad io op­erations, I think praise and somethanks are in order. Heaping un­founded critic ism on them is notli kely to help our cause. If youmust cast stones, it would ap­pear you could find a more de­serving target.

Steve Russell WIOGJFreehold NJ

While we appreciate the effortsof the FBI on behalf of the eme­teur community, we still s tandbehind the title we chos e. TheFBI. as our country's most pow·erful law enforcement agency,must bear the responsibility foreducating its agents in the art ofga thering evidence for success­ful prosecution. Considering theFBI's annual budget, we have arigh t to expect more than goodintentions. Should we criticizethe FCC for not prosecuting acase in which the only evidencewas highly circumstantial? TheFCC is to be congratulated for,

The t itle you se lected for theart icle on page 12 of the Augustissue o f 73("Wild Turkeys 1, FBI0") ref lects your prejudice andshows, I believe, a shamefullack ot jou rnalist ic integri t y.

Anyone reading only the tit lewould have thought that the FBIreally goofed up badly. Afterreading the article, one finds itwa s not the FBI who goofed up,but the FCC and perhaps the USAttorney.

Being somewhat curious, Ico ntacted the author of the ertr­cl e, who advised me that hethought the FBI did a good job,and that, in fact, he had sent aletter of appreciation to them fortheir assistance. He also said

the air." No, Mr. Howard. with­out any more than ctrcurnstan­ner evidence. the Feds wereright in refusing 10 prosecutethe su spects.

Bob Morrow WB6GTMPalo Alto CA

TURKEYS

The article "Wild Turkeys 1,FBI 0" (August) wa s one of themost informat ive general inter­est stories I've ever seen in aham publication. Mr. Howardseemed dismayed, however ,thai the ind ividuals suspected01 planting the remote jammerwere not prosecuted. I wouldli ke to o ffer the fo llowingthoughts on the matter:

What il the FBI had alreadyslaked out the jamming sitewhen Mr. Howard and his twofriends lirst attempted to locatethe transmitter? And what it theclub members had lound thetransmitter, and then were ap­proached and questioned by theFBI agents? Again, here aresome licensed hams in thevicinity of an illegal t ransmit­ter, only instead o f hunti ngcoyotes, they are '·t rying to finda jammer, so they ca n pul it o ff

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feet long) stuck Into the groundor other similar device that w illcast a shadow so the shadow ofits top can be spotted on theground. One marks the top ofthe shadoWy say wi th a smallrock, at one time and then a cou­ple of hours later marks the topof the shadow. A line throughthese marks will lie in an east­west d irection quite accurately.

If one should wish to deter­mine the t ime 01 local noon, hecould construct a line perpen­d icular to the east-west line;that is, a north-south line. Thena stick could have one end stuckinlo the north-south line andlean over the line by the use of aplumb bob at the top end 10align the stick with the line. H ighnoon w ill be at the t ime the sha­dow of the stick exactly 'a ilsover the north-south line.

At this t ime the boom of anantenna can be given a north·south alignment by turning theboom so its shadow and that ofthe mast line up.

The above method ot deter­mining direction was discoveredby a very young boy twenty orthirty years ago.

Fredrick Ketterer KA4lYVElbel1a At

Shades of Stonehenge!­Wayne.

Glad to see that you haven'tforgotten about Big Brother'sforay in to the world of elec­tronic enforcement , and ourattempts at passive electroniccountermeasures.

I recently had the pleasure (1)of spending a toter ot 24 hoursdriving t ime between Cincinnatiand the nation's capital, averag­ing 55 mph and Including a fewstops. Aside from sheer dis­tance, the next most irritat ingtactor was the 5f).mph speedlim it . This t ime I made the trip ina VW Beet le, so I telt no urge topush it past 55, but we do havefaster cars in the garage and 55in one of those would have beenall the more unbearable. In tha td istance, the difference in t imebetween 55 and 70 mph is ap­proximately 1 hour and 10 min­utes on one leg o t the trip-agood deal o f time that could bespent not trying to stay awake atthe wheel (that leg was 10 brs at55, the o ther leg being consider­ab ly longer due to a side trip).

It I make any money on that

1 1

73 Magazine . November, 1981 69

•

trip, then I'll consider bill ing thegovernment at an accordinghourly rate lor those 2 hours and20 minutes.

I learned a lew other things:Radar detectors are not permit­ted in motor vehicles in Vi rginia,but at least they warn you 01that at the border. Maryland en­forces their speed laws. WestVirginia apparently doesn 't.Pennsylvania certainly does­they had plenty of troopers outtaking radar readings, whileperhaps one mile down the road(the PA turnpike), some poormotorist was stranded and drs­playing a white cloth as the littletoll ticket instructed him to do.The t roopers seemed more Inter­ested in mak ing money though,and they must bring in somegreat sum, for the f ine fo r doing56 to 60 mph was $45.00! Thesign said " Radar lo r yo ur protec­tion," but it Should have read" Radar for our profit,' Finally. Ilearned that two-meter radioscan interfere with radar speeddevices when, as I drove by onetrooper taking readings while Iwas in conversation on simplex,the trooper threw his arms up indisgust and walked back to hiscar. This phenomenon nap-

pened severa l times-that' swhat they deserve for purch as­ing such shoddy equipment.

It seems that using a devicefor radio detect ion and rangingto entorce the speed laws is inpoor judgment, due to the na­ture 01 the system and possibleinconsistencies that might arisefrom improper use of this sys­tern by law enforcement aqen­cies. Let radar be used by the000 and the FAA, and let thepolice and Highway Patrol usestopwatches.

Until that day, keep up thefight against government tnlus­tree. or this alleged governmentfor the people will become a gov·ernment again st the people.(People in Virgin ia should keep aKleenex box on their dashes.)I ' ve done m ore dangero usthings than driving 70 mph. Howabout you?

Marc A. Boone WD8ROACincinnati OH

voo 're just baiting me.-Wayne.

I REVERSE RADAR RAP II am an avid reader 01 your eo­

itorial columns and never miss

an issue. I am always checkingfo r the ret est informat ion thatyou have about radar. I havesome informat ion that I thinkyou should tell your readersabout.

First, any crystaf .type radardetector w ill modulate the re­turn rad ar beam, with a frequen­cy of between 45-55 mph, if theradar detector is within 100yards of the police un it.

I purchased an old "speeders­zer" radar unit at a swaplesl andran some tests with it on mybench. I found out that the mi­crowave d iode in the radar de­teeter causes a "chopping" ef­fect and passively chops the re­turn beam up in little pulses.(Signal comes in , diode con­duct s, shorts out waveguide, nosignal. Diode unconoucte. sig­nal appear s again , starts allover.)

What this w ill do is that if any­one is driving normally, at aspeed below 50 mph. and pass­es a SQuad car, it will cause thepolice radar to read 50 mph re­gardless of what speed the caris going (provided it is goingslower than 50 mph).

The worst part about th is isthat the units do it even when

they are turned olf (since thediodes require no power).

Please caution your readersabout this problem. I got aspeeding ticket because of thisproblem and it took me 3 years01 fighting before I got it dropped.I threatened to go to a jurytrial, with a ll the press, and de­manded a test run to show themthat I could make their radarread any speed that I wanted towi thout my car moving an inch.

The court OA said thai theycouldn't stand the publici ty anddidn't want the hassle of all thepeople demanding their moneyback, so they threw it out ofcourt.

Other people m ight not be solucky and have 10 pay th e line,not realizing that their radar de­tector was to bl ame.

Ken Slate W91TW

Ripon WI

Troubtemeker.:-: Wayne.

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70 73 Magazine · November. 1981

hoped that sufficient funds willbe recei ved to establish a per­pet ual scholarship in Ed 'smemory.

Many individu al and club con­tributors have indicated thatthey expect to make annual con­tributions to the fund in order tospread their ta x deduction overa longer period. This is to rem indthem that it is now t ime for thei r1981 contribut ions,

Wit h the fund still short of itsgoal , it is hoped that manyothers will foll ow the lead andmake add it ional contributionsth is year and in coming yea rs toensure a sustaining fund for thisworthy cause.

Won't you help us reach thatgoal? You may wish to suggestaddi tional contributions at yournex t c lub meeting. Everyonewho knew Ed appreciates thevalue of this living memorial tohim. Donations in any am ountwill be most gratefu lly acceptedand acknowledged. Send yourcontribu t ions to: Foundation forAmateur Radio, Attn: Ed Red ing­ton Schola rshi p Fund , c/oRichard F. Vincent K3AO, RFD#1, Box 230, Bryantown MD20617.

Bill Mi11er K4MMFairfax Station VA

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PARIAH

I read you r ed itorial in theJune edit ion. I wi sh I could ex­press my thoughts on paper.

I ag ree with you on the waythe AARL operates. I am a mem­ber of ARRL and one of theirclubs.

What I want to know is whereis the courtesy and good tenow­ship the hams used to have? TheCBer has more fun and courtesythan the hams 01 today,

If you are a novice you are ig·noted and can't even ge t into theclique. The ARRL has a maqa­zlne that takes an engineer anda computer to f igure out. Ithought ham rad io was sup­posed to be fun and a hob­by-not engineering.

The li feblood of any orqenue­non is the lowly novice. Whereare the " Elmers " they ta lkabout? I need help and havebeen ignored by the snobs in theclub. There isn't too much forthe novice in the magazine.

Your magazine is in plain lan­guage. Even if you ta lk about aGeneral class, you name theperson and not a lot 01numbers.

The hams are gelling rude

1'-- 1

73 Magazine • November, 1981 71

•taken lightly. That piece ofpaper you got from the FCC wasmore sacred than your mother'spicture!

For those of you still read ingthis, it appears thai in the rate60s the moral it y of the worldwen t through a change and, un­fortunately. so did ham radi o. Itwasn't just a normal generation­al Change. but a mutation . Thescenario lor a new ham nowgoes something like; from CBarto Illegal c aer. 10 a collection ofbooks and tapes wi th otherCBers, to a Novice license. Nomore Elmer! The Novice rig isnow a T8-52O, a TH6 at 50'. and amemory keyar. Then morebooks, more tapes, six tries,and, vo ila, a General license.Once again the VISA cardcomes out and, in no time, it's a18-830, a 3K, a 70' tower, and aprocessor. After th ree monthson 20 sideband, you have tbecurrent breed of amateur,

" Hey, this OX station isn't ena list, what am I going to do? Ipa id three grand for this ret 0

station-if I can't work h im, r.o­body will ." " You' re t ransmitt ingon his frequency, you goddamfcnct." " This Is my frequency."It's sickening. The latest chap-

unique to nearly every otherform of human endeavor. Thosetraditions are not being passedalong, causing hams to becomeas sell ish and nondescript asthe rest 01 our soc iety. Whenmany o f us started in ham radiowe had an " Elmer." Typica lly hewas a middle-aged man whotal ked softly, never workedphone, didn't care much for OXor contests, and encouragedyou without ever letting you doanything the " easy way."

He made you study, rnekernts­takes , find your mistakes, fixthem, and sweat your tail off toget a two-tube transmitter oper­ating. Along the way, he instilledin you a pride and sense of trac t­non, a belonging, an obligation,and a respect of ham radio,Night alter night you would siton 7.172 trying to work 200miles, while he was abl e to talkc lear ac ross the country wi th his200 Watts and tribander! Whe nyou told him about your first OXcontact, both of you lit up withpride. When you wor1l.ed yourfirst contest and made 62 as in48 hours, you fell like you reallydid something. You did-youpaid your dues!! The pr ivil ege ofus ing the ai rwaves was not

RESURRECT ELMER

Ham radio was born of tradi­tions of fell ow ship thai make It

(Reprinted from the NationalContest Journal.'

Elmer is dead. That 's right,fr iends, Elmer and H. Scratcnland l. E. Rapp appear to havegone to the big Wouff Hongmeeting in the sky . To those ofyou who have no earthly ideawhat the last two sentences areabout, I dedicate this. For therest 01 you who have a specialplace in your heart lor " The OldSock," 6L6s, and Blue Racers,bid those days farewell , be­cause ham radio has evolved in­to the day of the Fox-Tango, thegreen stamp, the 8877, codereaders, and " you' re in the log."Before you throw this into thetrash can next to the commode,let me tell you that I know everygenerat ion in the history of manhas criticized the next genera­tion, and the younger groupdoesn't want to hear any of thisrot, but, read on, because thistale comes from one who isn'tso old and conservative, and thescenario Is sad , to say the least.

1 1and discourteous on the air. Iwas told to get the hell off the airtill I learned,

I better shut up because Icould go on and on.

I enjoy read ing you r magazineand hope to contin ue to do so.

Frank D, Windsor KA60PZAgoura CA

Franl<, one of the few benefits ofhaying been a ham for fortyyears is haying read lefters libyours for that same period. Thismay be a new situation to you.but old· timer hams have beenputting down beginners rightfrom the f irst days. I suspectthat the first ham sneered at thesecond one as a newcomer. Youjust Jive with il and try to findsomeone newer to tal<e out yourown frus trations on. The brightpart of it is that only a small per­centage of the hams expresstheir insecurity this way... themajority of them will bear withyour facl< of experience and helpyou over the tirst tough days. Itis difficult enough to gel on theairand have your mind blanl< outcompletefy as to what to saywilhout having some clown giveyou the paria h trea tment.­Wayne.

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$1

12 73 Magazine · November, 1981

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With the sunspot cycle nearing its peak.and traffic on 10, 15 and 20 meters at anall-t ime high, you need a tri-bandbeamthat really delivers. You'll t ind th at thereare more Hy-Gain Tri-Bander s on the a irthan any other brand, and that says a lot!A ll 0 1 Hy-Ga in's Tri -Banders featureseparate High-a, h igh-effic iency trapsthat ensure max imum FIB rat io and gainand m in im um V$WR on ALL THREEbands . Hy-Gatn'e " no-com pro m ise"con s lruc llon teatures ; taper-swaged60 63-TB3 2 thick-wall aluminum tubingfor max imum strength and minimum windres istance ; a r ugged boom-to-mastbracket that adjusts lrom 1'I." to 2'h" ;heavy gauge, machine formed, etement­to-boom bra c kets that won't a llow thee tements to tw ist on the b oom ; andimpro ved el ement compression c iampathat allow greater tightening ability andeasier readju stment.Hy-Galn's unique Beta -Match is factorypre-tuned to ensure minimum VSWR andmaximum gain on all three bands . AllHy-Galn beams are fed with 52 ohmcoax ial cable and deliver tess than 1.5 :1VSWR at resonance.Write for futt details todayl

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DX'ER,CONTESTER,orRAG-CHEWERTom.. . balderdash! One tends

to see what one wants to see.And, yes, all 01 those horriblethings you are seeing are there,but they are not as prevalent asyou imagine . . . nor are they any'thing all that different. Tom,twenty years ago . . . betorethose awlul 60s... we had Dx­ers going out and lying up astorm to get in to rere coun tries.Some lied about where theywere and the contacts still areall okay lor the League awards.We did have a bunch 01 bad ten­guage .. . particularly in south­ern California ... but that hasdied down in most parts of thecountry. Pileups are the samenow as the y were twenty yearsago . . . fi lled with silly operatorslamming the DX station be­cause they can't hear him ...fighting wi th each other . . . andso on. Tom, f 've been at this hob­by for 44 years now and I hones t·Iy see few changes overall. Oh,hams are building a lot morethese days and more of themmake an effort to keep up withtechnology than forty years ago,but o ther than met I can coverevery compla int you have wi thsimilar beels fort y and filtyyears ago . . . back in the "gold,en ages. " All you have to do isread " The Old Man" in thosefaded pages of aST to know

Tom Taorimina K5RCHouston TX

ter seems to be that since ernpn­uers are now available commer­c ially that run live to ten kW, irsmorally acceptable to use one,Befo re, you had to covertly builda pai r of 4·1000s, and, somehow,thai was immoral and unethical.

I sal in a OX forum recentlyand listened to one of the topOXped itioners brag abou t howhe lied, ch eated, and tnttrm­dated people to get to operatefrom a semi-rare OX spot. Law­suits are becoming common­place in ham radio. Two-meterFM is one step from channel 19.I don't have a solution, but I doknow that I rea lly don't look tor­ward to turning on the ol d rad ioany more. Contests have falleninto th e battle of th e bucks, theunethical power, the poor oper­ating practice, and the lack ofthe amateur spirit. I hope thatthe Commission doesn' t get sofed up with our problems thatthey deregulate us into nonexis­tence. Pray lor the resurrection0 1Elmer.

Continued on page 171

73 Magazine . November, 1981 73

SPECTRUM

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Dave Ingram K4TWI

Eastwood VillaJle, 11 1201 SouthRoute 11. Box 499

Birmingham Ai 35110

Investigating Icom's 730- quite a rig

I com's initial announce­ment of the IC-730 high­

f requency t ransceiver cre­ated a flurry of excitementamong many amateurs.Here in an attractive andvery sm all package was atransceiver boasting numer­o u s feature s previouslyfound only in larger andmore expensive units .Could the pint-sized gemtru ly al ter one's thoughtsconcern ing smal l-sized rigsas " m ain station" units?Ponder that question whilewe take a closer look at thisfeature-stocked unit

Prior to my acquisition ofthe 730, I studied the ama­teur transceiver marketquite di ligently. I fe lt thatall-solid-state design wasparamount yet also desiredreserve rf output capabilityfor ease of mind when oper­ating high-duty-cyclemodes such as SSTV andRTTY. The ideal transceiverwould also have an inter­face port permitting exter­na l microprocessor control.Final ly, I wan ted a rigequal ly usable in my mainstation or in a mobile orportable installation. My in­quiries during the1981 Day­ton and Atlanta conven­tions indicated the leorn

730 could easily handlethese prerequisites . Duringthe wa iting period for the730 to become availablestateside, I ca refully moni­tored a friend's problemwith an IC-720. comparingfactory co ncern and re sultsagainst previous experienc­es with other companies .The results were quite im­pressive: lcom performedrepairs within a two-day pe­riod and included extensivewritten repo rts when theyreturned the rig. Im portant­ly, telephone conversationswith l com's technicianswere always congenial andhelpful. The prospect o fdependable service was thefinal nudge to purchase anlcom .

The Receiver

The 730's receiver em­ploys quadruple conversionand a double balanced mix­er in its front end. That co m­bination (18-dBm interceptpoint and .3-m icrovo l t over­all sensitivity) producedone of the most enjoyablereceivers I've ever used.Since band and power-linenoises often play havocwith the supersensitive re­cerver in my other trans­ceiver. I " tee-connected"both figs in parallel for

com pariso n. The 730 defi­nite ly received weak signa lswith better clar ity andreadabil ity t han my otherunit. Wow !

Three tuning rates arefront-panel selectable onthe 730_The 1-kHz rate zipsfrom one band edge to theother in three or four dialspins, the 1QO-Hz rate is ap­proximately equivalent tothe Kenwood TS-130's, andthe 10-Hz rate (10 t imesslower!) provides massivebandspread for shak ing fin­gers.

The 730's i-f sh i f t isunique in two respects: It'stuned with a slider pot andit reaJly works . I had ex­pected the rig's optionalpassband tuning to be vita lfor my personal use, so Iwas quite surpr ised andpleased with the i-f sh ift'sability to dodge ad jacentc hannel interference. It'sgreat. particularly whenused in conjunction withthe receiver incrementaltuning . The optional pass­band tuning, incidentally, isim pl e m en t ed when t he730's optional narrowbandi-f filters are installed.

A dual MOSFET rf pre­amp which provides ap­proximately 10 dB gain is

front-pa nel selectable. Thisf lexib il ity, w hen used inconj unction w ith the in ter­nal noise blanker, allowsme to enjoy operating 20,15, and 10 meters when myother rig is purely over­come with noises. Toomuch gain can, indeed, bemore detrimental than notenough gain - in any rig.The 730's noise blanker, in­cidenta lly, can be switchedbetween wideband (li nenoise and woodpecker) andnarrowband (ignition andpulse noises). The fast agcin most transceivers is tooquick for my use-theypump and drive the Smeterwild . The 730's age, con­verse ly, operates smoothlyon either slow o r fast age .

A l l the new WARC bandsare, naturally, included inthe 730, although 160-metercoverage is omitted. WWVreception is provided in theH)-MHz band.

The Transmitter

Since I'm actively in­

vo lved in ful l-duty-cyclemodes l i k e SSTV, I ' msq ueam ish of solid-statefinals w hich strain to pro­duce full output. The 730,

Continued on page 181

76 73 Magazine . November, 1981

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73 MagaZine • November. 1981 77

•

KENWOOD Tl-922A 160·1 5ml inearAmphher 2000 wallsPEPSS8, 1000 watts CW, RTTY, Two J.500ls. tuned input,80 walls drive AlC, blOWN wllh autcmanc delay, lullymeieec Size IS"?"" • 7!-t"h • 16' "d. 'Nt. 68 lbs.RegUlar S1199 - Sale Price $1069

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73 MagaZine . November, 1981 79

John Ackermann AG9Vn73 Mag31ine Stall

The Complete Idiot'sGuide to DX

The Complete Idiot's Guideto OX" by Stuart GreggNF4Z, Bash Educa tional Ser­vices, lnc., 1981, PO Box2115, San Leandro CA 94577

M any hams think ofOXing as a part of our

hobby that o nly the el itecan enjoy; reading the vari­ous OX co lumns and news­letters leaves the impres­sion that the o nly way towork the world is to havegiant antennas atop gigan­tic towers and to run the le­gal limit and then so me.And even if the hardware isavailable , the expertiseisn't. OXers keep their se­crets to themselves andspeak a st range language oftheir own for which tra nsla­tors are hard to find .

The recent sunspot peakproduced a lot of new OX­ers and reduced the numberof people who thought thata monster stat ion was anecess ity for successful ox­ing, but the lack of informa­tion for the newcomer stillremained . Now that we'reon the downhill side of Cy­cle 21 , It' s even more impor­tant to learn the tricks thatle t the big guys work therare stuff when the sun­spots aren't helping.

Nowadays, most buddingDxers learn by doing, andthe process is sometimes avery unp leasant one for therest of us in the pileup. Therea/ lids are enough to keepus busy without having alsoto worry about ops whosimply haven't yet learnedany better. It's not the new­comers' fault-the prob­lem is that there justhaven ' t been any goodboo ks that provide enoughinformation in one place toallow a begi nner to jump in­to the fracas without fear.

The lack of ox textbookswon't be a problem forlong. At least two newbooks aimed at the fledgingDXer have been publishedrece ntly. One, The Com­plete Id iot's Guide to DX, byStuart Gregg NF4Z, is quitegood if you take the title se­riously. It is a guide for thetotal newcomer to OXing. Ifyou 've worked 200, or even100, count ries, you won'tfind much new he re, but ifyou've just stumbled acrossyour fi rst pileup, The Com­plete Idio t's Guide to DXwill tell you what's going onand how to make the bestof it.

Author Gregg starts fromthe prem ise that the readerhas never wo rked a DX sta-

t i o n before and goesthrough a step-by-step de­script ion of how to makethe contact. He describesboth the trad itiona l methodof DXi ng and the more re­cent innovations of DX netsand lists. He wisely avoidsgetting involved in the con­troversy over these meth­ods, and instead limits hiscomments to the mechani­ca l details of how lists a ndnets work.

The Idiot's Guide con­tains a lot of good, solid in­for mation for the beginni ngDXer. It also has some prob­lems, as any first edition ofa book covering such acomplex subjec t wil l.

The book's d iscussion ofstat ion equipment attemptsto po int o ut that modestantennas and med ium pow­er will do a good jo b, butso me of the anecdotesGregg tell s us leave the dis­tinct impression that it's alot more fun to have a Cali­fornia kilowatt. G reggpoi nts out the advantagesof CW operation but missesthe ma in o ne-that a " lit­tle-gun" station has a mu chbetter chance of gettingthrough on CW than of bat­tl ing through the QRM onphone. Although the bookadmitted ly is not about

antennas, it wou ld be niceto see so me hard informa­tion o n s imple antennasthat wi ll work OX. Suc hcreatures do exist, but thethrust of Gregg's d iscussionis simply that if you can getaway with it, b igger is bet­ter. Tha t' s not much co m­fort fo r those of us whocan 't get away with it!

These are minor, perhapsphilosophica l, problem s.But the re a re some thingsthat a book o n OX musthave that this o ne doesn' t.For example, the re is noreference to the impor­tance, nay, the absolutenece ssity, of using GMT (orUTC) time on QSl ca rds.The sad fact is that if yourca rd doesn't carry the righttime, in the right format,you are very unli ke ly to getone back from a OXsta tion.Anyone who's ever handledcards for a Dxoedinon orcontes t can vouc h for thepain that it is try ing to find aQSO fo r which the timeisn' t accurately shown o nthe ca rd.

The listing of o peratingevents incl udes severa lsma ll contests I hadn' theard of before, but missesboth the IARU Radiospcrt

Con tinued on page ' 79

80 73 Magazine • November, 1981

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73 Magazine a Novem ber, 1981 81

Eyeball QSO with Radio RSA

''0

roam free and w ithout dan­ger of being shot at by hunt­ers. Listening to this fasci­nating program got me in­terested in seeing all this form yself. It w ou ld certain lybe a switch from the usualFlorida or Caribbean islandvacation that so many of usfrom the northeastern partof the U S aim for in thewinters.

So here I was, a fewm onths later, being driventhrough the streets of lo-

ISo 180

Th is grea t circle map indicates the general broadcas t d irec­tio ns for Radio RSA's Meyerto n transmitting station at itscenter in South A frica.

ing to on your rece iver? I'msure you have. We all do .This time. however, I didso mething about it.

1was tu ned to Rad io RSA- the Voice of South Af­rica - and was en joying aprogram called " To ur ingAfrica " It was all about thefamou s Krueger NationalPark t here. where visi torsdrive around in British l andRove rs to view the ele­phan ts, l ions, rh inos, ando the r w ild an ima ls that

H ave you ever d reamedof visi ting that far­

away, exotic country w hoseradio station you are listen-

Roger N. Peferson25 Orchard LaneNew Canaan CT 0684()

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Radio RSA - the voice o f South Africa uses th is antenna ar­ray to reach the us.82 73 Magazine. November, 1981

rJ=C)...-... . .."- " ..

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73 Magaz ine . November, 1981 83

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Antenna side-.switching hut showing a panion of antennarouting system. Each "square" is a motor-driven switch.

Broadcasting center of Radio RSA in Johannesburg. Largetower in back holds FM radio antenna .hannesburg, the largest city

in Sou th Afr ica, by Piete rMartins, the principal e ngi­neer of Rad to RSA and hostof the station's popular DXprogram.

This had come about sim­ply because when I mademy travel arrangements, Ialso w rote a letter to Piete rto try to a rra nge a v is it toRadio RSA. So on this day,Pieter had picked me up inh is car at my hotel and wasstarting the visit with a tripout to view the transmittersa nd antenna insta llation lo­cated about th irty m ile ssouth of the city.

As we drove out of thec ity, we passed huge ma n­made hills, p il ed up fromyears of gold mi ning in thea rea, a nd several blockho uses w hich dated back tothe Boer War. As we gotnearer to the in stallation, Ispotted so me ta ll stee l

masts, and when we enter­ed the village of Meye rton,I saw a mu ltitude of thesehigh masts towering intothe blue African sky. Notmuch like my own anten­nas, strung between twotrees in the backyard of myConnecticut home!

Ultra-Modern Transm itterand Antenna Installation

We parked the ca r andentered the main transmit­ter building. This structu rehas an antenna side-switch­ing ho use a nd contains theconsoles that con trol thetransmitter tunin g, an te nnase le c t io n, and s lew ing.There a re th ree Soo-kW andfour 2So-kW tran smitters .The larger ones had only re­c e n t ly been insta lled(spring, 1979) and were re­sponsib le for booming a bigsigna l into the US in re ce ntmonths .

Piete r expla ined how ,from the consoles, by thepressing of a single sw itc h,the powerful transmitterscould be coupled to any ofthe station 's 34 respectivehigh-gain antenna a rrays tocover a ny of Radio RSA' starget areas. These con­so le s have preselection fa­cilities so that a new fre­quencv and antenna withapp ropriate or ientationmay be selected in se co nds.

The transmitters have anintere sting cooling system.Cooling is by a vapodvnesystem which utilizes the la­tent heat of steam. This sys­tem uses a small amount ofdi stilled water and elimi­nates the need for o ld-fash­ioned water pumps. Thesteam is condensed on themezzanine le vel of th e

build ing by heat exchangersand re tu rns to the transmit­ter tube anodes as water.From there it is once moreci rcu lated in the closedcooling system .

From the top of the largetra ns mitte r cab ine ts, th efeeders go by way of cross­bar switches in ducts downvertical shafts which con­nect up with two tunnelsand then to the round an­ten na feede r side-switchinghouse . This unique systemof an underground route fo rthe ducted feeders had tobe used due to their largesurface area. This wouldhave presented a hazard instrong gusts of w ind in thecase of overhead feeders.

The rad io feeders enterthe fee d er sw itc h h o u sea long five ho rizontal rows

84 73 Maga zine · November, 1981

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73 Magazine. November , 1981 85

•

of switches. These feede rsare sw itched vertically andleave from the top of thebuilding to the appropriateoverhead feeder and ac­companying antenna.

Each of the directionalantenna arrays on the 500­hectare site consists of twocurtains spaced a quarter ofa wavelength apart Eachcurta in is made up of th reeo r five stacks of four half­wave dipole elements in achain. When power fromthe transmitter is fed intothe fron t cu rta in , radiationfrom the ind ivid ual dipolesis add itive in the directionof the main listening lone,t he total powe r gainachieved in some instancesbeing as much as 20 dB. Theantenna arrays have sevengeneral directions (see Fig.1). By phasing, it is possib leto swing the beam e lectron­ically 15 or 30 degrees awayfrom its ce n te r position todirect a transmission to adifferent ta rget a rea . Thegenera l directions are 335°and 340° for West Afr icaa nd Europe; 76 ° , 20°, and

One of the 500-kW tra nsmitte rs.

7° degrees for East Africaand the Middle East; 305 °for North Ame rica; 240°,260° , and 270° for SouthAmerica, and 350° for Cen­tral Africa.

As we left the transmitterand antenna instal lationa nd d rove back toward thecity, Pieter described theSouth African BroadcastingCorporation o rgan izationa nd headq uarte rs complex .Radio RSA is the ExternalBroadcasting Se rvice of thes.A.SC. Other se rvices in­clude television and fM ra­dio . Some of you may haveDXed Springbok Rad io andRadio 5 in past years. Theseare both part of the S,A.B.C.

This com plex is loca tedin the Auck land Pa rk se c­tion of Johannesburg, a pri­marily residential area. Itlooks like a college cam­pus, with its 40-acre a rea,two high struc ture s, a nd anumber of two- and th ree­storied bu ildi ngs w h ic hhouse studios. The domi­nan t structure is a 55-storytower which houses the FMa nte nna. Facing th is is a

large, multi-storied officebuilding. Th is complexhouses faci li ties an d staff tobroadcast 16 radio and 2television program se rvices,totaling 2,317 hours a weekin 18 d ifferent languages.

The bui ld ing w hich hous­es Radio RSA is very mod­ern and contains a ll of thelatest broadcasting equ ip­ment Because of all the d if­ferent language broad casts,the sta ff personnel that yousee in the corridors andstudios make you th ink tha tyo u a re in the halls of theUN bui ld ing in New York Ci­ty . For example, the l ozilanguage a nnouncers allcome from the Caprivi a reain sou thwest Afr ica . TheSwahili and Chichewa an­nouncers hail from Malawi .In other language se rvices,the a nno un cers are e ithe rSouth Africa ns or peo plew ho have been re c ru itedfrom Europe . Radio RsA al-­so broadcasts programs inDutc h, Po rtu gu ese , Fren ch,German , Tsonga, Afrikann ,and English . Soon, RadioRSA will add Spanish as

they step up their broad­casting activit ies to SouthAmerica,

Rad io RSA Programs

There is much to listen toon Rad io RSA. In fact. somepeople thi nk it is shortwavelistening at its best First isthe news. No other short­wave broadcaste r cove rsthe African contine n t likeRadio RSA. The y send out42 news broadcasts a day,of w hich 7 are in English. Inaddition, they have a num­ber of back-up programs tohe lp the listener understandthe situation in differentparts of Africa ,

News bulle tins are wri t­te n by Rad io RSA News De­partment spe ci a lis ts andthey have the re so urces offive in tern ation al ne w sagenc ies, re gional news of­fices , and a ne tw ork of cor­re spo nde n ts in many partsof the world . Re cently, asu rvey was made to findou t w ha t shortwave broad­casts African delegates tothe United Nations listenedto . Some th ree-fourths ofthem reported liste n ing re g­u larly to Radio RSA to keepinformed of what was goingon back ho me.

News, howe ver, is not theonly th ing yo u will want tohear on Radio RSA. The sta-­tion has many interestingprogram s th ro ughout theweek. I men tio ned " Tou ri ngAfrica" -the program thatgot me interested in visitingthi s country in the firstp lace . This program is o nonce a week a nd wi ll takeyou to all the interestingsights in South Africa: Cape­tow n, pe rhaps the mo stbeautiful city in the world ;Durban, wh ich is o n t he In­dian Ocean and has some ofthe cleanest and w hitestbeaches I've eve r see n; theCape of Good Ho pe , w hereyou see the Atlantic Oceanmeet the Ind ia n Ocean, andmuch more . You can hearth is program o n Saturdaysat 2100 GMT a nd o n Sun­days (Satu rday night in US)at 0200 in English.

86 73 Magazine · November, 1981

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73 Magazin e . November, 1981 87

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Radio RSA b roadcas~ anexce lle n t program everymorning at 1300 GMT anda lso at 0300 GMT. It isc alled " G o o d MorningAfr ica" and while not di­rected to North Americabu t to neighboring nationso n the African co ntinent, iseasily p icked up here in theUS. It featu res short corn­menteries. live interviews.and music. Aga in, it is In

Engl ish

If you are interested inspo rts, Radio RSA devotesSatu rd ay mornings from1300 to 1500 GMT to vari­ou s sea sona l a thl e t icgames. This might be a pro­fessional golf tournamentwith Gary Playe r and otherin ternational pros. Or, itm igh t be a rugby gam e o rc r ic k e t matc h . A s inAus tra lia. So uth Africa ' ssum mer is our w inter andvice versa. So don't be sur­pr ised to hear a ski meetf ro m the Draken sb ergM oun taim in July or a surf­ing contest from a beach onth e Indian Ocean inJanuary.

Some of the most inter­esting programs heard onRadio RSA are interviewswith either famo us o r inter­esting peop le. In fact, I feelthat Radio RSA has the bestinterview programs of anyof the shor tw ave broadcast­ers, including the m ightySSe. Try these on a pro­gram called " Sou th AfricanPanorama" on the Englishb roadca sts at 2100 and0200 GMT on Mondays,Tuesdays, Thursdays, andFridays.

Just for OXen

If OXing the African con­tinent is of interest, don'tmiss Radio RSA's " OX Cor­ner" each week. Thi s pro­gram is hosted by PteterMartins, my guide, and hehas a good one. From timeto time, Pieter has guestswho are members of DXclubs, hams, o r visiting hob­by ists from other parts o fthe world . If you wan t to

keep up w ith the frequencyand time ch anges of the Af­rican nations' broadcasters,th is program is a must Youcan hear it on Tuesdays at1120 GMT, Saturdays at2140 GMT, and Sundays at0240 G MT.

Where to Tune In for Radio_ SA

This station is on everyday of the week in English.They direct their broadcastto North America at 0200GMT on1 1.900, 9.615. 9.585and 5.980 M Hz. H ow ever,their signal is so strong thatyou can usually receivethem w hen thei r programsare directed to Europe oro ther parts of Africa.

In the late even ings here,at 0300 GMT, try Radio RSAon 11 .900, 9.585, or 7.720MHz. It is usually very easyto hear them . When you getup in the mornings, try themat 1100 GM T on 25.790MHz, also on 21 .535 o r15.220 MHz. At 1300 GMT,on the same frequencies,Radio RSA comes in evenstronger and you shouldhave no trouble at all inbringing their broadcasts in .Finally, in the afte rnoons at2100 GMT, t he stat ioncomes in loud and clear on17]80 or 15.1 55 M Hz.

Radio RSA broadcastsevery d ay on the frequen­cies and times indicatedabove. You can obtain aprogram of their broadcastsby writing Rad io RSA, POBox 4559 , Johannesburg2000, South Africa.

Finally, what about therest of my trip to South Afri­ca. That, of course. is astory in itself. To those ofyou who have ever thoughto f going there, I can recom­mend it highly. In fact, Il iked it so much that I hopeto go back again for a re­tu rn visit That is, if someother exotic sho rtwavebroad cast i ng loca tiondoesn't entice me therefirst

I wonder what it' s like inNew Zealand? •

Tuning coils for one Z50-kW transmitter.

One modern broadcasting studio at Radio RSA.

88 73 Magazine · November, 1981

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TRS 80 Model I• TERMINAlL T1 - A ll new! A ll-in-one Ham Interface

and terminal uni t ThiS IS whal you have been wailingfo r. Everything you'd expect In a tust class termmal urutand at a highly compe ti t ive price. $499

• MOO,CM80 - Ham Inte rfaces Comp lete Morse codeand RlT Y system. PLl or e xternal TU $175 to $279

• M8'JO - Adds advanced (spilt screen: ATTY when usedWith MOO/ CMOO $99

• M8000/T100Q - Powerful disk based RTT Y systems. m­clu dmq mailbox. $150

• AITIY RITER - Power ful cursor ecntmq 01 A TT Y textand PICtures Used m conjunction With M8'JO $49

• MBL - Baudot or A SCII punter dnver software ' 01M80/ CMOO. $29

TO ORDER TOll FREE

, -800-344-7493In CA and for se rvice 1209) 66 7 2888

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code Very sophistica ted computerassisted mst rucnon. $29.95

• Parallel Printer Interlace - drrves aparallel pnntar Without the Atari 850Modu le $69.95

• Screen Print Package - Copiesany screen Image onro paper. HI 01

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EPSON PRINTERSCall for latest d iscount prices.

• MX·70 - BaSIC low cost prmter.

• MX·ao - 80 CPS . mouecuoner printmg, low er case andtrue descenders.

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• HI·RES Graphics option - Bit Image print ing and uencs.• Interlacing card and cables - Connect an Epscn pflnter

to Apple, TRSSO, Pet. A tan. Col or Computer or anyserer port

PET/CBM• TM650, CM650 - Ham Inter laces

Wi t h p owe r f u l spht screenRllY $259 10 $499

• M65 - low cost Ham Interlace,Great fo r the beginner or the tightbudget $175

IRS 80. a 'eg..I.'" lr-...a<o (>II,...lanoj>; CorllOta'"", Apple os a regoslefe<l\lad"",a" 01 Ap~ Compulet "'"Pel/CB M IS " ,eg,s''''ed Ira_" o!Comordo'" Bus"'"'' Ma"~,,,,," ,nc Atar,'. a 'eg i""'e<l tr.d"m",' of AI"" Com·PUI'" ,nc hPO" '5" 'lIg,.''''e<l !'_""" Oor ESllO'I Am"nca ,nc

W ...'an.. va'leS " 0'" "'''''''''. 10 pro- '- ...;. ~

duct~ ..."te fOf e<><npele _".~!, r",r"'''''''On

• FSD-1 - RlTY Demodu lato r - 170 or 8SO Hertl shift.Super sharp filters. Fits all Macrotromcs Ham In terlacese xcept TERMINAll. $149

• XTl·1 Crystal controlled RllY AF SK boa rd170/850fCW statts Fits all Macrotronics Ham Interlacese xcept TERMINAll $92

• MlK - Loop Interlace - plug In replacement for the reedrelay on all Macrotromcs Ham Interlaces except TER·M INAll. $32

APPLE• TA6SO, CA6SO - Ham Inter face

With sp lit screen display Morse andATTY $279 to $499

• A 65IX) - Disk based RTTY softwareWith mallbo~ $60

RTTY ACCESSORIES

~~'J'J\

M8300TJOOOT1000

Now AvailableWrite or Call for details

73 Magazine . N ovember, 1981 89

Model ' Tll44

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EGBERT - No TU neededApple Software Decodes &

Displays -$49

GALFO - Requires TVApple Software - $39

ADZENPCS 3000 - $299

APPLEApple I1-4SK - $1179

MACROTRONICSMBO - $159 CA6SO - $259

SANTECCALL

OKIDATAMB2A - $499 M83A - $749

ZENITHZ 19 - $775 ZB9 - $2195Arizona 1-602-861-3181

KDK2025 - $299

LOBOApplelTRS80 Drive - $390/$280

MONITORSAPF - $125 Sanyo - $159

MPI88G - $595 99G - $695

EPSONMXBO- $469 MX100 - $749

IRLFSK500- $229 FSK1()(J()-$449

ATARI400 - $349 800 - $740

CW RTTY SYSTEMSRADCOM - Complete with Apple

TU & Software - $259

90 73 Msgszine • November, 1981

MOBILE CONNECTION

Introducing

YOUR OWNAUTOPATCH FOR

SIMPLEX OPERATION

r----------.,Knock out

thoseunwanted

signalsl

The xantrontcs eucre filtersgive vou the precision andversatility to knock out thoseunwanted signals for ccoo,solid copy.

The vartfllter, single audiof ilter, and t he Signal En­forcer, dual audio f ilter, giveyou greater capabilit ies byallowing you to choose notonly t he srequeocv you wantto filter (from less than 100Hz to over 3(X)() Hz) but t hebandwidth as well urom lessthan 30 Hz to over 1000Hz).

Both the vartfllter andSignal EnfOrcer Offer peakand notch capabili ties to al­low you to eit her reduce sig­nals on all but a selected ere­quencv (peaking) or to en­mfnate signals on a selectedtrequencv where interfer­ence is present (notching).

The high-Qualitv workman­ship of these f ilters 'makes Itpossible for the bandwidthto remain constant. once set.regardless of changes infrequency.

"Tuning eye" indicatorsmake t uning fast and easyand a built in 115 vac /230Vat power SUPPly gets youstarted right away. A full­year limited warranty backsup every unit.

taU or visit your Author­ueo xant romcs Dealer formore Informat ion on thehigh-Quallty, versat ile xan­tromcs Vartfltter or SignalEnfOrcer. AJIOW a ec 6 weees forCIeIIYefY frOmf~,

Shlppmg $3.50 In U S ANY S Resid9nIS Add. "'" Sales Tax

Wired and FUlly Tested$199.95

• EASY INTERFACING withradio auto & sque lch circuit

• SINGLE DIGIT CONTROL(connect and disconnect)

• 3 MIN. CALL DURATION TIMER

Flesher CorporationP.o. Box 976 Topeka. KS 66601 913·234·0198D1.tnbutors In ConodG ancl Au.trallo

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NOVA X interfaces your standard 2 meter ; 220; 450; etc. base stationand OTMF telephone, using a high speed scan switching technique sothat you can direct dial from your automobile or with the HT from thebackyard or poolside-aulomatically.

• SMALL SIZE- (5" x 6" x 2")

• STATE OF THE ARTCIRCUITRY 12-16 II. D.C.

• ADJUSTABLE ACTIVITY TIMER(clears out if mobile is out of range)

TO ORDER-SEND check-money order (MasterCard or Visa accepted)10: R. W. D. Inc.. Oriskany, N.Y. 13424 or call 315-736·3087

Compare the~----,

Interested in RTTY?$169.95 buys a terminal unit kit with the features you need mostfor enjoyable RTTY. Our 3-stage active input filters, built-In AFSKand 60 rnA loop supply make the TU-170 a great buy regardlessof the rig or printer you prefer.Sound interesting? Call or write for details about our full line ofRTTY equipment backed by a complete factory supportprogram.

73 Magazine . November, 1981 91

Micronta's New Multimeter-an LCD DMM from T-RS

Fred Blechm.ln K6UGT7117 Bernad i(lf' ~ venueCanoga Pari<. CA 91307

The Micronta LCD Auto--Range Digital Multimeter. (Photocourtesy of The Tand y Corporation)

92 73 Magazine . November, 1981

The re is little doubt thata multimeter is the

most-used item of te stequipment amo ng hams.electronic s te chnicians.and hobbyists. A typ icalmultimeter measures cur­rent, voltage, or resistancein various ranges, depend­ing on switch setti ng. Untilrecently, multimeters usedcomm on ana log meterreadouts - a needle movingalong a marked scale. Then.not long ago, digital mult i­meters appeared . They readthe va lue in LED digits.LEOs consume consider­able power, so these instru­ments usually needed to beplugged into ac power o rhad short battery life.

With the advancemen t of

techno logy, the LC D (liq uidcrysta l d isp lay) is d is placingLED readouts in most in­strumenta tion, and manyLCD digita l mu lt imete rs(DMMs) are now availa ble .Using standard alkal ine ba t­teries, many of these DMMscan be used continuous lyfo r hundred s of hours be­fo re battery replacement.This makes the un its trulyportab le and independentof ac line tran sients a ndnorse.

The typ ical LCD DMMuses e ither a rota ry switc hor a ba nk of push-buttonsto select range and mode.First you must decid e whaf

Continued on page 179

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Mods for the Clipperton-L- smooth sailing ahead

Remote etc pot located on lop of CM... 1 accessory.

lJen7ifn.RADID CD.

W he n my trusty oldho me...brewed linear

gave up the ghost, I startedto shop around for a re­placement Being a prates...sio nalloafe r. I had to wa tc h

the green stamps, so thefi rst req urrern ent was lowcost. Since I am partial to572... Bs (low re p lace me ntcost). the DenTro n Clipper...ton... l looked like just what I

wanted , After gett ing ithome from the dea ler, cut­ting off the ac plug, and re­wiring it for 220 V, I hookedIt up to my TS-8205 andaway we went!

Wow ! The pilot lightswere bright ; when you wentto transmit mode, it lookedlike the sign on the loca lmassage parlor ! Realizingthat th is might keep meawake durin g rou nd tables,I swapped the Power andTransmit bu lbs with a type#327, a 28-volt bulb tha tgives red uced, bu t ade­quate, bright ness and willlast lo nger than the 14-voltbulbs supplied

Next, I looked at the out­put waveform on my moni­tor scope. Ouc h, The re washum on the rf envelope!But, runni ng tests with localhams on both CW and 5S Bdisclosed that the inade­quate power supply filter...ing was no problem. Thisagain proves that theave rage ham receiver haspoor audio frequency re­spo nse at low frequencies,es pec ia l ly wi th s m a l lspeake rs in inadeq uate baf ...tles . So, I left it alone .

I started to compa renotes with other Clippertonowners and found that they

94 73 Magazine · November, 1981

Fig. 1. Remote ale control arrangement.

Ta ble 2. Type-acceptance data vs. author's meas urementsbe fore and a fter input (vswr) matching; na = not applicable.

Table 1. Output power of Clipperton into 50-Ohm dummyload without input m atching. Ale setting is advanced suchthat output power o f 700 Watts is reduced to 600 Watts .

Input Vswr

1.75:11.65:11.97:12.15:13.11 :12.56:1

TO O C ,TEAAlC-'" J.C ~

the CM-1 accessory. Thisco nta ins p i-network s usingtoroida l inductors (whichca nnot be opt imized foreac h band) and caps. aswell as a relay to permitst ra ight-thro ugh o pera t ionwhen operating ba refoot .The CM-1 is touted as a" plug and play" unit butyo u have to run a 12-voltlead throu gh the fan leadhole in the Clipperton andso ld e r it to the relay+ 12-vol t le ad inside. Ifo und it easier to dri ll a holenea r the interna l relay. useRG-1 74fU. and run it to theCM-1 (be careful not to getmetal ch ips inside !).

Examining tw o o f th eCM-1s sho wed that they did

Clippet1on·LPower Output (Watts)

650680600550350500

r-----------,L • . I

F-- ~i.'''ll0'' POT I, ,.L' ''(AA TAP(AI

'

I ------ - -~--- . -,

I 1I I'< IL ...J

US( S"'ELOEO CABU OA S MAllCO.... ' .l CABl{ FOR ALe .. "{LU U AOS

CL,PP(ATO"·L

[Q].,

OCillA '.." • AUIOl( _ ..u.'. "' l A' OUT AlC "OT~;:;~ f@\,

~6f

FAO" CL' ....l ATO.. - LALC-OuT J"'C~

DenTron DataK4JW Measurementsto FCC

BandPower (Walts) Power (Watts) Clipperton CM·1 networt<Pin Pout Pin Pout Input vswr Input vswr

160 882 390 1000 460 2.6:1 1.8:180 891 440 1000 675 3.1:1 1.5:140 819 520 1000 580 2.2:1 1.5:120 748 340 1000 600 2.0:1 1.5:115 614 340 1000 500 1.7:1 1.3:110 na na 1000 400 2.0:1 2.0:1

No wonder that so me of theso l id -s tate-o u t p u t ri g seither wo n't dr ive the Clip­perton o r just shut down,de pend ing on thei r design.By the way, the catalogspecs the input at 1 .5:1 ,average.

One solution is to put anantenna t uner betwee n theexcite r and t he Clippe r­ton - if yo u don't m indtwiddli ng knobs. Anothersolution is to put in pi-net­works for eac h band tomatch the excite r to theClipperton, but there is noeasy way to do th is the waythe uni t is laid out.

The third solut ion is tobuy the outbo ard attac h­ment that DenTron se lls as

Frequency (MHz)

29.021 .22514.207.153.751.90

sea l around the edge so thefan is exh austing a ir fromthe c hass is and not throughthe open space betwee n thefa n and chass is.

Using a GR Strobotac,I found the fan speeddropped only 20 rpm , indi­cat ing that a ir delivery wassubstant ially unc hanged . Ialso added % " to the rea rfeet of the amplifie r to in­crease c lea rance from theshel f. Be sure yo u allowenough room behind theamplif ier (d istance from awall, drapes, etc.) so a irflowis not impeded .

So far. these pro blemswere minor irritat ions. Thereal jolt came when a near­by ham came over and said."Yo u got spurs that jingle­jangle my new TS-120." Hebrought over an H-P spec­trum analyzer he had bor­ro wed from work (eve ryham shac k sho u ld haveone, if yo u have 10 kil o­bucks to spare l) and wehoo ked it up to my TS.820 S/Clipperton-l combina­tion.

Gad zooks! The screenlo oked like a Ch ristmastre e - sp ur io us emission sand harmon ics a ll ove r!Well . first, the 820 d id needneutrali zing (my faul t whenins talling new fina ls) andthen t he in-band emissionswe re gone. After this, wechecked the TS-820 into adummy load, a nd its harm­onics were well below its- 4()--dB specs. Bu t, when itd rove the Clipperton, t heharmonic output o f the 820went up. The answer is sim­ple, my fr iends. The 820wasn' t seeing a SQ-Ohm re­sistive load, bu t some com­plex im peda nce that ex­ceeded its linear operatingrange.

Exam inatio n o f the Clip­perton's input circu it d is­closed th at it was untunedand had no swa mping resis­tor. Taking readings of thevswr be tween the 820's out­put and the Clipperton's in­put showed the lowest vswrto be 1.65:1 and the highestto be over 3:1! (See Tabl e 1.)

had problems simila r tothose I am about to di scuss.These findings are based onfive separate am plifiers, sothey are not just a fl ukewith my amplifier.

O f the five ampli fiers,three soon developed noisycoo li ng fan s . The o b­jectionable noise changedpitch, indicat ing t he fa nwas changing speed. Thisnoise was blamed on defec­tive s leeve beari ngs (asl eeve-beari ng fa n sho uldbe quieter than a ball-bee r­ing fan) a nd replacementfans were requested fromDenTron under warranty.They were sent w ithoutcha rge and were noted tobe from a different manu­facturer. Waming - Discon­nect t he power cord whenworking on the fan whenthe ampli fie r is wired fo r220 V because the powerswitc h disconnects onlyo ne side of the line .

Some of the fans had aheavy wire grille (to preventyo u from sti ck ing yo u rpinkies in the rotatingblades), while o ther fanshad a fi ne-wire mesh grille,evident ly intend ed to pro­vide better rf shield ing. The4-1 /2" -diameter hole wherethe fa n is mounted makesan ideal place fo r rf (andharmonic!) rad iat io n to es­cape if it' s not shielded. So,another letter to DenTronproduced a fine-mesh fangrille, wh ich also was sentout wit ho ut cha rge.

There are two ways tomount the grille: I scrapedthe pa int off both faces o fthe die-cast fan housing toensure good electrica l con­tact between the gr ille andfan housing and al so fromthe fan housing to the chas­SIS.

The al ternate method isto place the fine-mesh grilleagainst the chassis andmount the o ld fan with theprotect ive gril le o n top of it.You can use four rubbergrommets to shock-mountthe fan , which cuts down onthe noise. but be sure to

73 Magazine · November, 1981 95

Low-pass filter with sho rt RC-214 coax lead, ground-braid to chassis. Note the fine-wiremesh fan grille. Lead at upper right is RC-174 carrying 12 V dc for CM-1 relay.

not agree with the schemat­ic supplied. One used acommon network for 15and 20 mete rs wh ile theother used se parate ne t­works, although the one us­ing a single coil seemed todo a good job.

Now for the ale pot lo­cated on the back of theClipperton. Noth ing in theoperating manua l mentionsits adjustment, so, in re­sponse to another requestto DenTron I was told touse either sine-wave or trap­ezoida l scope patterns andto set the m for 100 % modu­la tio n. l acking a scope, youcan adjust the ale pot toproduce 1 kW input.

Ale is part of a controlloo p for the system of theexciter and linea r; its setti ngshou ld prevent the exciterfrom driving the ampl ifie rinto a non-linear conditionwhich generates harmonics,spurs, etc. Now, I rea lizethis poses a problem for thedesigne r. If the ampl ifier isto be used wit h one particu­lar exciter. he can se lectfixed va lues fo r the alesystem (rnevbetl. But. whenthe amplifier is to be usedwith many different exc it-

ers, each having its own alecharacteristics and voltagerequirements, he has to em­ploy an adjustable system .So, it becomes appa rentthat the ale adjustment potshould be accessible fromthe front of the amplifier.One of the popular ampli­fiers does have this facility ,and its manufactu rer tellsyou to set it on each band!

Without poking mo reholes in the Clipperton. thiscan be accomplished asshown in Fig. 1. A 'l-meg­ohm linear-tape r carbonpot is mou nted in a sma llchassis box. Shielded leadsare used, one to the exciter,the other to the ale outputjack on the Chpperon. Turnthe Clipperton pot wideopen (clockwise) and usethe new ale pot to set theamplifier to 1 kW dc inputon each band. This is about0580 Amps at 1700 V whenin the "CW-X" position.

It is useful to put a scalelabe led from 0 to 100 on thefro nt of the box so you canlog the approximate read­ings for each band. The alepot can be mounted on theCM-l accessory, or bothcan be mounted on the side

of the Clipperton (don'tcover up the sc rew used tohold the top cover on theamplifier)

Harmonics sti ll plaguedme. Why wasn't my goodDrake TV-3300 lP filterworking to specs? First ,there is no easy way tomount it to the back panelof the Clippe rton. Second,the 10" piece of o ld coax Iwas usi ng between the filte rand the Clipperton wasleaking like a sieve!

I replaced this with a 4"le ngth of RG-214, wh ich is asilve r-p la ted, doub le-shield­ed cable that can be usedup into the gigahertz range.You can make a reasonablesubstitute by taking twolengths of RG-8/U, cuttingthe oute r jacket off onepiece and slidin g the bra idoff the other piece. Slidethis braid over t he firstpiece of coax, making it adouble-shielded cable .After the connectors a re at­tac hed, cover the outs idewith PVC tape. Take an­other piece of RG-8/U andstrip the shielding off tomake a heavy groundingbraid between the case ofthe low-pass filte r and t he

chassis ground of the Clip­perton.

What had been happen­ing was that the shunt capsin the low-pa ss filt er weregrounded to its case, and Ihad a ground loop. Also,"sheet currents" were flow­ing over the surface of thepoorly-grounded filter casea llowing harmo nics to passon to the ant enna. Now theDra ke did the job it wassupposed to-grea ter than- BOd B at 40 MHz.

One day I lo st bias-so Ithought. The output wave­form was d istorted and theresting plate cu rrent wa szero. Examination showedno contact through there lay used for transmit­receive. This re lay has a3PDT conf iguration, o ne setof contacts being used toswitc h the bias from cutoff(through R3, 47k) to oper­ating bias (9.1 V from a1N3308 zener]. The contactwas pitted. In order to bur­nish this and the othe r relaycont acts, it is necessary toremove the rel ay spring,pu ll the a rmature back, andburnish all contact su r­faces . Ins ulat io n ba rriersprevent insert ing the bur­nishing tool while the re layis in place ,

Some instability was no t­ed after the Clipperton hadbeen converted for 10­meter operation. By mak ingsu re the l o ad control onthe Clipperton is set at leas !above "3" o n 15 mete rs andabove " S" on 10 meters, theinstabi lity u su all y wi lldisappear.

Going around the Clip­perton with an rf sniffer andus ing the spect rum ana­lyzer connected to an an­tenna approx imate ly 100yards away, the re su lt sshowed these fixes did thejob. Incidenta ll y, I use anSPC t ransrnatch betweenthe Clippe rton/low-pass fil­ter and the antennas, givingme more harmonic attenua­tion and aiding in the pre­sentation of a So-Qhm resis­tive load to the amplif ier atthe o perating freq uency.

•

96 73 Magazine. November, 1981

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4. Thrott le back on theaudio gain; 1 kW input IS

nor always necessary.

DenTro n now has comeo ut with a " new model" ofthe Cl ipperton-l. They haveput the t uned networks inthe input and inside thebox. An ext ra sect ion hasbeen added to the band-se­lector switch whic h switch­es can-type re lays mountedon a PC board they put onthe left-side wa ll. Theserelays switch in the properinput p i-network.

It is understood that o ld­e r unit s can be sent back tothe factory for modifi ca­tion and/or a kit fo r field­modi fication will be ava il­able.

My thanks to Walt KundeK5BVM fo r consultat ionand checking my tests, toMike DeZego WA4RXC forinstrumentat ion and he lp inrunn ing tests. and to W4TL,K4WB, and W4lQS fo r infoon their Clipperto ns.•

Conc lusions

1. Whether your exciter issolid-state o r vac uum-t ubeo utput, use an ante nna tun­er or CM-l pi-network be­tween the exciter and theCl ipperton.

2. Insta ll a va riable alecontrol pot where you caneasily set it fo r each band

3. Ground everyth ing ­the exci te r. the Clipperto n,t he low-pa ss filter. trans­ma tch. etc . Use braid assho rt as possib le .

I use a rel ay switchingsystem on my tri-bandquad. so the 'l u-meter sec­tion is not electrically con­nected to the feed line whenoperating 20 meters. thusfu rthe r reducing the ra­diated second harmon ic.(It's kind of embarrass ing tobe cal led on the land-lineby a loca l and told that youare QRMi ng the ir l D-meterround table when you areoperating on 20!)

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73 Magazine . November, 1981 99

Robert H. Johns W l/1P1179 Papermi/l RoadHunringdon Valle y p;If, 19006

The Traveling Ham'sAllband Antenna

- is this the ultimate portable system!

•

T his antenna system wasdes igned for travel . It

ca n be assem bled a nd putup by one man in less tha n30 minutes , and it packsneatly in a C h e v e tt e .Despite the portability , itdoes an excellent job ofradiating. A mast made upof five-foot steel sect ionssupports a 'tO m eter beam.The guy wires a re mult i­ba nd inve rted vees cover­ing 80 th rough 10, with thetra ps located near the e nd s,making the rad iati ng por­tions seve ra l half wave­lengths on 20, 1S. and 10.

This results in some ga ina nd in wide ope rating band­width s on al l of the ba nds.

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Photo A. The portable antenna system has a 10-meter beamatop a pole made from short sections of TV mast, guyed b ytwo inverted vees that give complete coverage, 80 through10 meters.

100 73 Magazine . November, 1981

Photo 8. 8y leaning the mast against two of its guys, oneman can iiit it from the bottom and insert another 5-footsection of the mast. The whofe structure is light enough sothat th is is no prob fem.

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73 Magazine . November, 1981 101

Fig. 2. The boom-to-element clam p modifications. The half­element on the right is held in place b y tfle hose clamp. Itsend has been cut off at the hole for the V-bolt. The V-boltnu ts are loosened to remo ve the element from the boom,and the hose clamp loosened to sepa ra te the two halves ofthe element.

10m 15mReflector 17' 2" 23'7"Driven element 16' 6" 22' 4"Director 15' 9" 21' 8"

Tab le 1. Element lengths forthree-efement beams basedon driven-element-to-direc­tor spacing o f 6' 4 " and adriveo -etemeru-to-retlec totspac ing of 5' 6 ". Fromgraphs in ARRl AntennaBook ,

of the mast is moved underthe top. An extra set of guyst rings part w ay up willkeep the mast straight andthe beam level. but I don'tusually bother.

The whole st ruc ture canbe put on a rooftop if a fair­ly flat one is accessible andfewer mast sec tio ns areused. A chimney can be abase a nd so can a vent pi peof the dra inage system. AU-bolt on the mast can bebent to hook on the pipe, asshown in Fig. 1.

The beam is the RadioShack CB beam. Reducethe e leme nt lengths tothose in Table 1. Noticethat the boom length is ade­q uate to make a three-ele­ment, 15-meter beam if thatis preferred . The ends of thee lements will accept 3/8"tubing extensions . The gam­ma match needs no mod ifi­ca t ion on 10, and there isroom enough to extend it tomatc h a 15-meter drivene le ment. If you bu y a newCB beam, watch out for the

assembly instructions; theyhave interchanged the re­flector and director spac­mgs.

Th e beam b e c ome squick-take-apart with a fews impl e c ha n ges d u ri ngassembly. The boom jointcan be loosened on o neside only, and that half ofthe boom slid out of thejoint. Each e lement-to­boom clamp is mod ified asshown in Fig. 2. One half ofthe element stays with theU-bolt and clamp and theother half slides out afte rthe hose clamp is loosened.Cut off the end of thi s half­element right at the middleof the hole for the U-bolt,and don 't u se a bo ltthrough the clamp a nd ele­ment as is done on the otherside , During assemb ly, thatha lf-element is pu shed rightup agains t the U-bolt as astop, and then you know itis located correct ly. Theoute r tube needs to be slo t­ted under the hose clamp.

I colo r-coded the e le­ments and boom to simplifylayout of the parts on theground befo re assembly.Red and green spray paintfor the reflec tor and d irec­tor a re appropriate ! Sprayafter the beam is assemb ledso that the pain t doesn' t in­terfere with electrica l con­nect ions.

A sho rt length of stee lmasting is attached to theboom joint . This is visible in

Photo B. A tapered end ofone of the mast sections isinserted in it to mount thebeam on the mast. Thisleaves enough sli p to rotatethe beam around the mast.No rotor is used. I tied stringto the ends of the boom androta te it and secu re it withthe string. The mechanicaland electrica l complexityof a rotor in the sys te m isn' twa rra nted .

The two mul t iband veesare fed by the same 52-Qhmcoaxia l cable . Cuy rings,one insu lated from themast by severa l layers oftape, support the center ofthe vees - see Fig. 3. Hoseclamps under the rings pre­ven t t hem from s lid ingdown. A chass is coax con­nector was so lde red to thelower ga lvaniz ed ring withthe inner cond uctor co n-

nec tion passi ng th ro ughone of the holes in the ring.A short wire connects thisto the upper ring. The twohalves o n eac h vee arejoined to these two rings so

Fig. 1. A vent pipe makes asecure base for the antennamast. With the V-bolt bentto hook on the edge, thepipe will support a shortlength of mast upright untilthe guys are tied.

0f0S£ CU"P \,;!l.,

= (

Photo C. One o f the traps made from coaxial cable. Thewhite polyeth ylene tube is a tight fit o ver the plastic egg in­su lator and serves as a coil form.

102 73 Magazine· November, 1981

Fig. 3. Two gu y rings are used to support the centero f the in­verted vees. The top one is insulated from the mast b y elec­trical tape, and a hose clam p beneath it prevents it fromslipping down. A chassis coax connector is soldered to thelower ring and its center conductor is connected to the up­per rmg.

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Fig. 5. Dimensions of the inverted vees. The long one is three half waves on 20 meters and ahalf wave on 80. The shorter one below is three half waves on 10 meters with the ten-metertrap slightly loading the entire length so that both 15 meters and 40 meters are resonant.

104 73 Magazine . November, 1981

The trap is built up on aplastic egg insulator and atwo-inch length of 1 Vl"polyethylene tubing as acoil form. This tubing. wit ha 1/8" thick wall, is a tightfit over the insu lator a ndalso helps to protect thefree e nd of the inner con­du ctor. This point, at theleft e nd of the coil in Fig 4,has high voltage with re­spect to surrou nding partsof the trap and need s pro­tection. Dri ll a d iagona lhole into but no t th roughthe wa ll of the polye th­yle ne a nd pu t tha t free e ndin it.

Sta rt bui ldi ng a t ra p byforc ing an egg into the po ly­ethy lene tube and a ttac h­ing short lengths of w ire,p refe rab ly copperwe ld,arou nd the egg as is normal­ly done w ith an anten na in­sulator. These wires insidethe coil will have some ca­pacity and so will be pa rt o fthe trap circ uit. Don 't at­tac h the antenna wire yet,since this adds extra capaci­ty and prevents finding thecorrect trap resonant fre­quency. Remove aboutthree inches of outer jacketfrom the end of the coaxand push the braid backand loosen it. Work a holein the braid , fold the cable,and feed the inner conduc­tor and its insulationthrough the braid . The twoare now separated as shownin Fig. 4.

The braid goes through a

there after the beam and itsPhoto D. There isn 't muchboom are disassembled.

was used for the vees . Thest randed copper is flexible ,coils nicely, and doesn'tkink . It also has a th ick vinylinsulation whic h is a helpw hen the antenna mustpass th ro ug h tr e e s o ragainst bu ildings. Vacationsites a re se ldom ideal.

Pho to C a nd Fig, 4 showthe cons t ruc t ion o f thetraps . Eac h tra p is madefrom a length of RG-58 co­ax ia l cab le connec ted sothat the bra id is the coil a ndthe capaci ta nce betweenthe inner cond uc tor a nd thebraid become s the tra p ca­pacitor. In bri ef , the coaxbraid make s exce lle nt trapco il with ve ry high Q, a ndthe di stributed capacita nceof the cab le is a h igh vo lt­age, stab le capacitor. No­tice the cross-connection ofthe inner conductor fromthe rig ht end of the co il (Fig.4) to connec t to the left e ndof the coil. There would beno capacitor formed if itwere simply joined to theouter b raid at the right endof the coil.

for 15 meters and loads itmore tha n it does 40 me­ters, bringi ng both ba nds in­to re sona nce with lo w sw ron the same lengt h of wire.

The lo ng inverted veeworks o n 20 and 80 meters,w ith the t ra ps c u tti ng offthree ha lf waves on 14M Hz . The tra ps a re near theends of both vees. out o fthe h igh-c urrent parts o f thean tennas, whi ch mak e s forgood radi ating efficiency,Anothe r ad vantage of thi slayou t is the w ide band­widt hs on most of thebands . Many tra p antennashave very narro w ope rat ingbandwidths because of theheavy loa d ing.

Automotive prima ry w ire

Fig. 4. Showing the connections so that a single length ofcoaxial cable becomes both coil and capacitor for a trap.The braid connects to the copperweld wire which will io inthe trap to the antenna. The inner conductor separates fromthe braid. passes through a hole 90° from the braid holeand is routed through the egg insulator to be soldered to th;braid and copperweld at the other end of the coil. The innerconductor at the upper end of the coil does not connect toanything. To hold it in place and insulate it it is tucked intoa shaflow diagonal hole in the polyethylene coil form.

that the wires at one ring gooff at right angles to eacho ther. Dur ing travel , theguy rings and vees all stayconnected to thei r mastsection.

The vee for 40, 15, and 10meters is a bit unusua l. The'ln-rneter t rap isolates threeha lf waves in t he middleand ac ts as a load ing coil on15 and 40. This is crit ica lsince harmonic a nte nnas,suc h a s a half wa ve o n 7MHz working as three halfwa ve s o n 21 MH z, do no twork ou t exactly. A ha lf­wave di pol e is too short tobe three ha lf waves on itsthird harmonic because ofthe lack of end capacity forthe m idd le wave length atthe h ighe r frequency. In th isa ntenna, the lo ad ing coi l ef­fect of the lo-meter trapcompensates for this; thetrap is nea r a current loop

,,.

--70/M BM 48

'"

,

,,

,

coil forms, and #14 copperweldwire. Coaxial cable, RG·58A1U,with stranded inner conductorto facilitate separat ing the innerand outer conductors from eachother, is avai lable at $.25 a foot.About 15 fee t is needed lor thefour traps.

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Fig. 6. Swr plots for the family of inverted vees.

WORK THE U.H.F. BANDSAdd a Iran,verter or converter to your existing 10m, 6m or 2m equlpmems.Choose from the largesl selection of mo<Jul~ available for OX. OSCAR.EME, ATV.

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ANTENNAS420-450 M Hz f -bca rns48 el. 15.7 d Bd $75.7588 cl. 18.5 dAd $105.501250- 1300 M Hz loop yagi 12%- LY $49.75Send 36.. stamps for full details of all our VHF/UHF items.

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Note: A kit of parts to aid in mak­Ing traps is available from R. H.Johns-Scient if ic Instruments,3379 Papermill Road, Hunting­don Valley PA 19006, for $4.50plus $1.00 postage. Each kitcontains parts for four traps,egg insu lators, po lyet hyle ne

,

This anten na system hasbeen up and down count­less times in its develop­ment and tuning, and it alsohas been to the mou ntainsand to the shore severa ltimes. It really is portable.The comp romises (no ro­to r, wobb ly mast, li ght­weight guys) are a ll me­chan ical; e lectrical ly itworks very wel l.

Either the vees o r thebeam could be beefed upfor a perm anent insta ll a­tion, of course. Parts willfunc tio n a lone, too. I havenot tak en the beam to t heshore where the houses areso close together. Also, ifthere isn' t enough room tostretc h ou t the 80-meterleg, I just use part of it as aguy wire and still have agood performer on 40, 15,and 10 from t he other half.The tu ning can be affectedby nearby objects or theends com ing down close tothe grou nd It is best to tuneit at home under condit ionssimi la r to those it wi ll meeton vacation and accept theinevitable variations underfield condit ions.

Readers are encou ragedto bu ild the traps desc ribedhere fo r thei r own use, butm a nuf ac ture rs a re ca u­tioned that a patent app li­cation has bee n filed onthem and all rights u nderthe Pa tent Code wil l bestric t ly enforced . •

hole in the coil form and issoldered to t he copperweldwire. the inner conductorgoes t hrough a hole a q ua rt­e r tu rn away from the braid,passes t hrough t he egg be­side t he copperweld. and issoldered to it at the otherend. Wind 3~ turns of coaxonto the polyethylene formfor a 10-me te r t rap - 6 ~tu rns fo r a lQ-meter trap .The holes should be d ri llednea r the ends of the fo rm sothat th e t ur ns ca n bespaced out for tun ing. A d ipmeter checked against aca librated receive r is need­ed. Tune each trap fo r themidd le of its band. After itis insta lled in the antenna, itwi ll dip lower in frequencyby about 1 M Hz for the10-me ter trap and about .5MHz for the l O-meter one.

Al l the electrica l connec­tions a re so ldered, and cor­rosion shou ld not be a prob­lem. The co ils need to besecured in place afte r tun­ing, and the coax shou ldhave some weatherproof­ing so tha t water does notget inside . Silicone rubber isan exce llent insula tor . If itis in a tube, it is sticky andsmel ly as it comes out, butDow-Corning sel ls a sili ­cone rubber roofing materi­a l that wi ll brus h on. Itcomes on ly in q uarts ­about $7 in the discou ntstores . The trap cou ld alsosimply be wrapped withelectrica l tape.

Photo E. The beam can be disassembled and repacked in itsoriginal carton for travel. It extends up between the frontseats of my subcompact.

...See List 0/ Adver/isers on pfJge 130 73 Magazine. November, 1981 105

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106 73 Magazine · November, 1981

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To demonstr.t. the ..Iectlvlty 01 our Mark 3CR repeeter we keyed atranlmltter 15 KHz off frequency and ••t It dlrKtly again.' the reeetv.rInput. Our Marit 3CR didn't even notice the clo•• encounter.

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108 73 Magazine . November, 1981

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HIGH, Opuo,..1 packs tor large rcapac­Ity or h,gher power, Supplied With250ma mead pack, wall cha,ge r. Ile..bleantenna,be lt clip,stra P. earphone andplugs. ModeIIC·2A does not have bUilt·mTIT pad 6,6"h · 26"w' 14-d. l ib ,

Regulu SPECI"'l!IC ·2"" HT wlnP. nlUd &chgr ... $269,50 5239.50IC-2'" 2m H' w/AICad & wall chgr . $23950 $214.508C-JO Drop~n charger lor BP-2,3 & 5 69.00BP-2· 450 IN. 1,2'1 mead pk, IWoutput 39.50BP-3 un 250 IN~ pk, 1.5W output 29.50BP--4 A1kabfll! battery case 12.50Bp·5' 450 IN. lO.8v nicad pk. 2.3W output 49.50CP-I tlg lighter plull & cord (BP-3) 9.50DC-I DC opelallon mod ule .... •. . . . . . . . .. . . . 17.50f,I,-2 2m fle lible antenna tO.OOHM·9 Speaker/ mlcrophone 34.50IC-2'" leather case for IC·2A 34.95IC-UT Leather ease lor tC-2AT 34.952 ·TT N TT pad 39.50

*8C·30 required to charge Bp·2 & Bp·5IC-202S 2 meter portable SSB Transceiver. 3W PEPoutput. Uses regular "C" cells. optional Nlcad pack &charge r or IC·3PS ACsupply/speaker. With hand n ne.wh ip antenna and st,ap Regular $279 00

IC-20t 2m amplIfier. lOwSSB/ FM 91,00IC·402 432 Mhz portable sseTra nsceiver, featuressame as IC-202S above Regular $J89.00

IC-30t 432 Mhz amp . 10. SSB/ fM 105.00tC-502'" ] W SSB6m portable. as above 5239.00IC-3PE 3Apower supply/speaker 95.00IC-3PS ACsupply/spk, for portables 95.00HIII-3 Delule mobile mIC rophone 17.50HM-5 NoIse cancelIng mlClophone 34.50HIII -7 Ampllhed mobile microphone 29.00HM-8 Ioocn.mne microphone 49.50HM-IO SCannmg microphone 39. 50SM-2 S,pln electret desk microphone 39.00SM·5 g-pn elec tre l desk microphone 39 00HP· l Headphones 34.50

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IC·25IA Microprocessor controlled 2 meter AlI ·modeTransce iver for 143,8·148.1999 Mhz. 7 digitdisp lay. 10watts. 3 memories, mem. scan & progra mmable bandscan. 600 KHz onsets. variabkl splits with two bUIII ·inVfO·s. Il8vdc or ll1vac. w/ amplifled lIand rmc.4\li'h • ""'w • IO\li·d. I I Ibs Reg u~, $749.00

IC·451'" UHFAlt Mode Transceiver lor OSCAR mode BOf J & simplel . for 430·440or 44ij·4SO MHz. featuresSi milar to the IC-251'" Rer; ular $899.00IC-551 ....1mode, mlClOproctssor conI. 6m tensceoertor 50-53.999 MHz. 6 digit dIsplay, lOw. 3 mem ch.w/var, scan, 2 VfO's & blanker. J38vdc & 111vac4\li·,,· ""· w· 101h·d. 141b ..•... . Retu Lar $479.00EX·107 VOX umt 55.00EX·I08 Passband tuning & Rf processor 105.00EX-I06 fMadaPctor for 551 /5510 125.00tC·551D same as 551 but 80 watts. EX·107 & EX·108built·in. Il 8mc @ 18k Rtr;u lar $699.00PS-20 20AAC power sUPPcly 229.00Cf·t Cooling fan for PS·20 45.00

IC·5606 meter SSB. FM& CWMobIle transceeer. lEDreadout. 10 watts. 3 rremones. memo,y scan &plogrammable band scan,600KHz onsets.2 VfOs. 118VDC @ 1 Sk MIC. & mobile mt . .. . . Regula l $489.00IC·22 U The 800 channelsynthesized successor 10 theIC·22S Ereqoencv seiecncn by a pushbutton, I Of towatts. MicrOPchone, mobile mount. DC cord & plugs,6\1,· w· 2\1, ·w· 8Wd.3" lbs Regular $299.00EX-199 Remote box . 'l' w2' w2· 34.50

IC·25... Compact. full ,featured 25w 2 meter ng. 5 .-:::-"7:::~~--;:"::":''':'='':''':'=--;:­memenes 2 VHls. prlonty channel.2 scannmg systems,au tomatic scan resume, prOVISiOnfor memorybackupWith TIT mic . 2"h' 51,)"w ' 7"d. .. . . Regular $349.00

IC·290A All Mode 2m mOOIIe . 1438·148.199 Mhz. Ior 10 walts RIT. prog eftse ts. 5 memoees. 2 VfDs, 2scanning systems. SSB SQuelch. priority channel.udetcre. bla nker. memory retennon provision. TITmicrophone, 6'~"w' 2'I.' h 'B~"d ... Regular 5549.00

IC·720 ,1, Solid state, dig ital Hf Transceiver 9 Hf Hambands, receives .1 to 30 Mhz. 100w output, cent. LEDreadout. 2 VFO's, AM, CW, sse& RTTY filters , PST, RIT,VOx. semi break-in. blanker & processor, Il5v/20A4,+"h w9"'·w w121?"d, 171bs ... .. Regular $1349.00H·32 500Hz CWfilter .... .•.•• .• .•• .•. ••. . . .. 59.50H·34 5.2 KHz AM fitter . .• .•••• .••••••. ••. . . . . 49.50

IC-730 Schd-sta te BO·IOm (WARCI HF Transceiver.200w PEP input. 2 VfDs. Bbsq. memory If shift wltllPBT optenal. UP/ ONtuning Wit hoptional microphone.91,)"w · 31l"h w lO~ "d . 10 lbs. .•... . Regu la r $829.00fl-30 SSBfilter lpassband tunrng) 59.50Fl-44 455 KHz SSB hlter 159.00Fl·45 SOOHz CW hiler 59, 50(l·195 Ma rker umt., ••..•.••••.••.• .• ..•.•••• 39,00(l·202 LOAIn terlace; 73OI2KVAH·I. 27.50El-203 ISO Hz CWi audiO niter. 39.00(1·205 Transverter sw.tchlng umt 29,00HIII ·IO SU nning mlC rophooe 39.50A('(", ~()l';p~ lor 710/730PS·15 Pol'lt'r supply Sl49.00PS·20 lOApower supply 229.00

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1118·S Moblle mount 19.50Phone patch 139.00SP·3 External speaker 49.50SM-5 Electret desk mic rophone 39 00AH 1 s.band mobile antenna With tuner" 289.00IC·2KI 160-1 5m IWARCj send-state li near, 500 wattsou tout. Wllh ACsupply Regular $1795.00

73 Magazine . November, 1981 109

•

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IOOUl'3ll .'OCT"""""" ""._"'''' ,,,'''''.. 'OT $>000', _ _a, """, P• • 1'$ COM..... IHe ._.-......'0""""_ COMOUT '. "ON. eoo-. '.......-_.coo ""'... . ~.._ .. _.........C._..."""" ILK'__'-'"Cl _ STSTt_..--.,.."__oo-<tft. 01 ...."a , •-...... -.0_

~~­-CXIOlo.o• • "",._- ­_ ..,_.---- -OOOO'v" _ _ ..COMOUT' • ......,... ....'... ......,., ,--,<,COMOUT,. f'OOfl . _ ",COM"'''~ a -.,COM..,T•• SOWflONS. _OOOO..,T O"" ow MOUITOto. __OUT " ' o·~.ou.. .... , ,,,_ooסס 'OOO,_R

~~­_.-.......... ..lC'__... ILK'......._""C1I lV "_- _...._.........-......__lU<;, _ _ ""...--. ~ 00Ll..1il.t<:'_..._--'(:M . ..OCT _._-- ....-.._ ..... _ ooc . _O M00Il00VfI co.,'00'"'' lKlOIU _ ....c.,-""""""••sow,""'.. ....-.OOMOUT• • WOAIl$, I",", ~""_...... COMOUT. ' <:0.. ,," IHe..---0"'._", ...,_ ........... ..-..-............_­'_''' """"",,,,~1'U COOOO-. _ ..~"'"--'.-""""""'" ""._......-.... --_lUC'_ t ,_' .-"'1-~-_......~....-.-..... ....._-...·.....-.....co......I ._

-

Peterborough, N.H. 03458 603.924.7296

-

-

"

a~ ".'" COW"". .... c..ou.-.OOM c. _cow.,u·' " , .-,CIOC """'''''' _~~_ OIF """'''U.....,__ ."S><0C'l._-~OOOH'UT.' SfCOIl. __~."'-"Cl._.... '....-nou '='_

~M$l._-..T1UoCl_"'-"CI. _..ZOTTl ......, _--Q1~""" Z1 _........'lLK _... ...- ............. OOOH'UT'~ a ..""e­~.­OO'>'.~ COW"._........... ... ..--'SMOUT~ COM""" ~ c<;.. , ...-_....010 Sl<0CIl OSSOC. 'TOOO• .0­.""""".... . ~o 0\.I00~ . ""-••.... ........,.. lV -.ct.oo •. "", M· " 'nONE"" co ..- CIt-r...-.. -,-~ ,""""" """""'- ­- .-...­COOOOUT'Pl " 'O ...... ..-.-..""~­~. -"".........'_"'C.!,'-_.~-­_m..__......~~­.....-..lJ.ICT'tlOOOOC& ooc . __0.0 """,__.... .".,. ...""""".......,. _ ' TOOIl. _

...ooos _ ''''''0._...lIOOTW... O ly. _ ....

.. t .. " • ..,.,.u'"' l Cl<;'_tCI 00" . _•• w .~, ,Cloo<."',""' MUSC. Co><_'''O''''',S l .CAM '''WO U!''' . ,_ .....................---........ """" OlaTM;lJYI _..-..--....._~.a..'....

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_,",e-__..._ """,,"" LlCT_ _- ---.....,... .. T_...T_......... "'" 0..-_ WAllO ILK'_ ooc .___-,,~...""""-( ..~.STCN.,_

ee-urooo..oMl, _

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'''' -"""""""',-_...... ......,.,,-_."_.nn_eo.- _..__ ooc.. .. . ....,. --.-. .._ co""'" c....o~--.-_--....­~--~­= _·_co~....,, __-~-....fOO~.Cl.."" __ TlO*:lI.CO',_• I NTVal.~.._'-­~ COOOO'VT'I" _'Ill... . ..."""" """" CO, _ _"""''''''...........,_...-"'."'-"'0 COW""• • a ''-....."'" ..1CtOO nan ... 'He ......................~.co- ..........-....out.. co-uT.' Cl~'If''oo' 4_-""*'" Cl~ """ '-­_ 'fOOIl. _-U~'fOOIl._ _Mr . • ".~CJTY.Ooo.. ..._'--'.."""'''''ILK.-:M.,__GONl<)Oo-.....~

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Find out. Fi ll out th is coupon (or make a photocopy) andmail it today. You will receive our newest catalog

filled wi th software Which can be purchasedat the above locations,

WHAT DO THEY KNOW THAT YOU DON'T?

NAME: _

ADDRESS: _

CITY,-: ------------ STATE'-:__..<Z1 P:: _

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110 73 Magazine . November, 1981

73 Magazine . November, 1981 111

Orders On lyIn New Hampshire Dial

1-603-924-7296

Call Toll-Free1-800-258-5473

TO ORDER:See your local

Instant Software dealer.If these packages are

unavailable, order direct.

Dynamic Device DriversAre you tired of working around all

of the little "obstacles" that are built in­to your TRS-80? Ever wish that therewere some way to "repair" those im­perfections?

Well, here it isl The Dynamic DeviceD ri vers p ackage has all of thesefeatures:Programmable Key Debounce-c- Yourkeyboard can be "tuned" to your typingsty le.Programmable Repeating Key Func­Hon-e- Eve ry key has a repeat function.Lowercase ~Iodification Supporl ­You have a choice of standard orshift-for-lowercase letters. (A lower­case hardware modification must beinstalled.)Better Than :'\othing Graphics­Graphics characters will be convertedto the closest ASCII character .Printe r/Screen Auto Switching-Ifyour printer is accidentally turned off,your program won't bomb.Programmable Printer Forms Control- You control the format for printeroutput .Programmable Keyboard Lock -e-Onlyyou "ill know the secret code to unlockyour keyboard.

With the Dynamic Device Driverspackage, you can look forward toworking WITH your TRS-80, insteadof against itl (fl )1\'0, 0228R $19.95 .

'.

0 ­- 0 -- 0 -

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r~-=C- 4 1

W2 NSDII II I iLI i ITJ

QSL ManagerDid you remem ber to send a QSL

card to the op you worked last week?Maybe you sent a QSL, but can' t recall~ettin~ one in return. The QSL Man­ager program will help you set up acomputerized logbook for instant accessto your records.

Make complete log entries which in­clude: date, time, callsrgn, name,band, both the Sent and Received signalreports. the mode, QSL sent/received,and any remarks you may want to add.

No more fumbling with index cardsduring a QSO, because the QSL Man­ager has a built-in search function tolocate and display infonnation on anycaJlsign in your records. You can evenlist all the QSOs for a particula r date,time, band worked, mode, or a specificsignal report . Up to 1400 entries can beaccessed from the disk (depending onhow many disk drives you have) .

The program has built-In editingfeatures that help you keep yourlogbook up to date.

There's also a command that lets yououtput your log ent ries to a printer forhard copy.

In that next QSO, knock their socksoff with your infallib le memory. (T 2)No. 0151RD $19.95 Disk.

.,• •

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nt Software"

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"" .All these programs are Model IIIco mpatible exce pt Dynamic DeviceDrive rs.

If you're still designing circuits theold- fashioned way. let the ElectronicsI package introduce the latest way togo:Tuned Circuits & Coil \\'ind ing­Design tuned circuits for aud io andradio frequencies. This two-par t pro­gram will find the two missing valuesfrom an}' two of the following: fre­quency, capacitance, inductance, orreactance. The coil-wind ing sectionwill calcu la te the number of turns andwire ga uge required for a close­wou nd, ai r- o r- slug-tuned coil from theinductance, diameter, length, andpermeability of the coil.555 Timer Circuits- T imers. bothmonostable (one-shot) and astable (os­cillator), can be easily designed withth is two-part program. T he programwill also draw a complete schematicon the screen of your TRS-80 .LM 381 Pre-Amp Design-You, too,can quickly design a n Ie pre-amp.With this progra m, all you need to dois ente r the parameters of the perfor­mance you want , and the programdoes the rest - right down to drawing adetailed schematic of your ci rcuit onthe screenl (T I).No. 0008R $7.95.

Instant Software Does

It ith Frequency~~

Electronics I

PETERBOROUGH. N,H, 03458 603·924-7296

(TI) :: T RS-8 0 Modd l, Le vel II , t 6 K R A M(T2 ) '" TR S-8 0 Mode l J. ~vel ll , 16 K , Ex pansion I nte r fa ~ e 16K t I di s k d rive

Kim H. Lantz VE1AKllan!z Electron ics. ltd.15 Clifford StreetNorth SydTH2'Y. N.S.Canada 8 2A 1X2

KIM's Magic Fingers- RTTY transmit program

At thi s po int, we are ableto tra nsm it Baudot andtype as fast as we want, butstill have to put in the caseshift manually. This was thenext th ing tackled. Oncesolved, t he end-of -Hne(EO l ) sequence, along withthe character counting andspace d etection for theauto EOl seq uence, wasadded. Finally, the who lething was start ing to lookup!

Being (ad m itted ly) theproud type, I wanted myprint to be so mehow distin­guishab le from " ord ina ry"print. This was added in theEOl sequence and appearsas a colon neatly down theleft margin. That will makepeople say " Ah ha, there is

Baudot cha racte r and sendit se ria lly o ut of o ne pin o nthe PIA. This was not tooterri b ly diff icult.

(I must give credi t at thistime to someone whose ar­ticle pr ov ided me withmany ideas. The January,1977, issue of 73 Magazineconta ined an article on us­ing the KIM-1 as a CW key­board. I used James Poll ockWB2DFA's ideas fo r the in­te rface of the ASCI I key­boa rd and the usa ge of the256-cha racter buffer. Bothof his sc he mes workedsmoothly on the Baudotprogram.)

This who le project wastack led in seve ra l steps. Ini­tia lly, I had to come up witha good routine to co nvertthe ASC II charac te r into a

• No limitations on typ ingspeed .• Automa tic case shift forFI GS and LTRS.• Automatic CR/l F/l TRSo n receipt of a CR from thekeyboa rd or afte r 65 char­acters a nd the end of a line.• No splitti ng up of a wordat the end o f a line.• Prac ticality: a systemthat would not give moretrou ble than it saved.

ste rs have their good points,e .g ., hard copy, and the 28 isqu iete r th an most o thers.The 28 ASR is even like aregul ar typewriter to thetouch, but noth ing is like anall-e lec tronic keyboa rd . Ifyou are among those whotype faster tha n 60 wpm,then even the "o le 28" is abit of a pain, es pec ia llywhen you go too fast, lockup the keyboard, and cha r­acte rs a re m issed in yourfrenzy.

Having had a KIM-1 forabout six months a longwith an SWTP ASCI I key­board, I proceeded to ar­range a method of t ransmit­ting 5-leve l Baudot with thi scombinat ion. I had severalstanda rds which had to bemet:

.... .. - ..0

IlIIl .... E6

..... !-.o.)

. ... }- ·u

..... 4- .4'I'''. } - 1'4 •... 6 -PO}

..... • - Po6

... e-""

.... .,

Fig. 1. Buffers.

lJ._------~"E""" _POSEslC ICO" T'R ."$<l101l

••

- r-,

Fig. 2. KIM-l inter face circuitr y.

,

1, v ,_

""''' ",,-~.'~••

"--,~ r.

' ..

FunctionBaudot character currently being output.Baudot charac ter currently be ing output.ASL counter in actual ou tput subroutine.Character counter (number of chracters in the li necu rrently be ing written).Con tains the orig inal ASCII character received fromthe FIFO bu ffer.LTAS/FIGS flag posit ion. This will be a DOh when inlowercase (LTAS) and will be a 20h when in uppercase(FIGS).Conta ins t he value of the FIFO pointer.

0004

0005

17BF

Addressooסס

000 '00020003

Author's Note: A substantlal period of time has elapsed etnee the following program was first written. Since then, many things have elapsed.Although the lollowlng program Is a working version, there have been many Improvements In rad loteletype algorithms for the 6502.Therefore,the article should be looked upon as a basis lor the -uret-ume user" to get some klea s to start from. Some of the subroutines maybe valuable In the creation 01 a sophisticated system.

The re have been nurner- programs, but I have yet too us a rt icles o n the see a RTTYtransmi t scheme

KIM-1, and ma ny of those published . For a ll yo u fel-ava ilable are ri ght up the low KIM-1 owne rs who areham's al ley. Among those RTTY fanatics, th is a rticleoffered have been CW re- will be just what you arecetve a nd tra nsm it pro- looking for.grams and RTTY receive The old mechan ical rnon-

112 73 Magazine' November, 1981

Program listing.

C colon l

cod.. for LTRS.

~h ift to preserve identity

fetch characte r frOM buffer

Reaerved for f uture expanaion

LOll imm 71'

JSR OUTPVT 0060

LOA ._ 311 coo. for

STA abB,z 0 00 1

LOA abs,x

LSR acc,

'"STX "bs,z 0004 orl9inal ASCII character

STII abs" 0001

JSII OUTPUT OObO

LOA ._ 13 code for SPACE

STA abs,z 0 00 1

.lSIl OUTPuT 006~

LOA abs" 0000

STA abs" 0001 Restore prev.oue cbar~cter

l.rlA ... 00

STA abe,. 0005 Set caae flaq t o L'I'RS

n,

73 Magazine" November, 1981 113

LOA ._ 20 t ASCIl for apace C'(>de l

CMF abs" 0004 ia l ast char. ~ e pac e ?

BEQ 00A8 b ranch if i t ~aa a ~pace

DEC ~bs,z OOO l decrement counte r

'"Ll:l.' ._ 00

STA ahs" OO Ol rese t char, counter

LOA i~ 011 carrlaqe return code

STA abs ,z 0001

JSII OUTPUT 0060

LOA i.. 23 I.ne feed code

STA abs,' 000 1

.:lSII OUTPlll' 0060

LOA i~ bF code for FIGS.

STA ilbs ," 0001

JSR OOTPUT 0060

AND acc,,_,20 ..sk otf caee bit

CMP a b a, t 0005 ia case a~me aa previous?

£lEO 0 26C

LOA imm 00 .a i t not LTRS ?

CIU' abs" 0005

£lEO 0250 FIes load routine

LOA i_ 00

STII abs " 0005 set ca.e fla9 to L'I'IIS

LDA imm 7F LTRS cha racter

STA aOs •• 0001

JSII OUTPuT 0060

LOA aba" 0000 get prevlou. character

STA ~b .. ,. 0001 Restore:

J MP 0 26C to Skip FIGS rou t i ne

LOA i_ 20

STA aba" 0005 aet case £I a 9 to FIGS

LOA , ... 6F FIGS charac te r

STA abs,' 0001

.lSR OUTPUT 00 60

LOA abR" 0000 load p r e v i o us char .

STA abs,z 0001 r e a t ore prev.oua char,

.lSII OUTPUT - nov send tha t char, -

'"!IIOP

JSII EOL

n'

LIlA abe,t,. LOOk it up ~

STII abs," 0000 baudot character

S 'I'A a bs " 0001 baudot character

LOA aos " 000 4 load ASCII cha rac te r

CMP i.. 20 i" it a SPACE 1

BEQ 026C IIranch if it ia a SPACE

CMP i_ 00 i" it a Car riage Ile tu rn 1

BEQ 0272

NOP

" ,",'0'

LTRS

F iGS

FETCH

o01lr 1\9 20

00111 CS 04

OOAl FO Ol

00A5 C6 or

00117 60

00A8 M 00

OOM 85 OJ

OOAC A9 DB

OOM: 8, 01

OOBO 20 eo 00

OOBl A9 2l

00B5 B') 01

0087 20 60 00

001lA A9 6F

001lC 85 01

DOllE 20 60 00

OOCI A'! 111

GOCl 85 01

DOCS 20 60 00

00C8 11 9 H'

OGCA 8 5 01

OOCC 20 bO 00

OOCP ;'11 11

0001 85 01

OOOl 20 60 00

0006 AS 00

0008 85 01

OoDA A9 00

OODC 85 OS

OOOE eo

rETCH ROUTINE

0220 BD 00 e r

0 223 411

022 4 M

0225 86 04

0227 B5 00

02211 85 00

022B 85 01

022 0 AS 0 4

022 P C9 20

ea n PO 19

02JJ C9 00

02JS rc 311

0 237 EA I:A

0219 EA 1:.0.

02lB EA EA

02 ao EA- EA

02JF 29 20

02 41 C5 OS

02 4 J FO 27

0245 1\9 00

0247 CS 05

02411 FO 12

OH B 1111 00

0 240 8 5 OS

0 2tr A'J 'F

0251 85 01

025] 20 60 00

0256 AS 00

0258 85 01

02SA 4C 6C 02

0250 119 20

0 2sr 85 05

o26L 119 6F

0261 BS 01

0 26 5 20 60 DC

0 268 AS 00

026A 8 5 01

026C 20 60 00

026F 60

0270 EA EA

0272 20 118 00

0275 60

ini tiate a t .... r" ( hiqh )

PAI-PA7 are .nputa

P/<II ta output

clear X req.ater

clear Y reqiater

clear FIFO po1nter

c1 e a ~ • case" fl ag

ae t NMI inte~upt v~tor

Set pin t o S PAC E

ti_ finisbed 1

tor IIIOre t ._

cauqht up yet?

yea ? ~e l l go to diddlea

oHoet into butter

~bs 17BF

DIDDLES

a b a 17BP

i~ 00 ae t Caa .. fla g to Lowe r

aba" 0 00 5

PIPO 0200

aha 17BF incre..nt pointer

FETCK 0220

F I FO 0200

i~ 7F load LTRS f o r diddlea

aba •• 0001

aba,' 0001 Decre-ent cha r. counter

OUTPVT 0060

LOA . ... . 01

S TA ~ba 1701

STA ~ba 1700

Ll:l.' i_ 00

'"'"STA ~ba L7BF

STA ~ b a , .

LOA i_ DC

STA aha 17PA

LOA ... 02

STA ~ba L7F8

CW

JMP a b a 0200 90 to FlPO fetch ~ou t i ne

LOA a b a 1700 Get character from .eyboard

STA abs,y 0100 Save in FIFO buffer,~

n,

INC aha, . 0001 incre~nt char. counter

LOA i .. 4 1 C 65 deci..1 I

CMP aba ,. 0001 6 5 char~ctera ye t 1

£lEO 009P branch. if yea

=

'"'w~

'"rae

'"'"W ,,..0>"'"W,

'"'"

,~

LOA ;_ 07

STA aba" 0002

ASL ~ba ,. 0001

BCS MARl< 006C

JIU' SP,o.(:r.: DO?!

Ll:l.' ... 14 aet t i ..r fo r 22 .. ,

STA a b a l707

LOA i_ 01

STA a b a 1700 Se t p i n to MA RX

BI T aba 1707 t i~ fi nished ?

BPL l or IIIO re t i_

JMP 0080 to s •• p SPACf: r o u t i ne

LIlA 1_ 14 aet ti_r t o r 22 .. ,

STII aba 1707

LOll i .... 00

STA abs 1700

lIi 'l' aba 1707.nDEC aba, ' 0002

BI T ~ ba,z 0002 i s ~hol .. cha r , f i n i a he d 7

BMI branch. if f i n u h.ed 009 b

JMP 0065 to ASL a 9a i n

INTER

IN IT

,~,

FIPo

FINSB

SPACE

DIDDLES

ENTRY POI!i'T

0200 A9 01

0 202 80 01 17

0 205 80 00 l7

020B A9 00

020A M020B AB

020C 80 BF 17

020F 8S 05

0211 A9 ec

0211 BO FA 11

0216 A9 02

OH8 80 FB l7

OHB 08

021C 6C DO 02

I N'TE RUPT ROUTINE

0200 CC BF l7

0203 FO 00

0205 AD BF 17

0208 M

0209 se BF l7

020C 20 20 02

OW F 4C DO 0 2

02f:2 A9 7F

02U 'S 01

02E6 C6 D)

02E8 20 60 00

02f:B A9 00

02 EO 8S 0 5

02EF 4C DO 02

urn IIlOUrINE

02Be IUl 00 17 GET

02BF 99 00 D)

02C2 C8

02C) 40

OUTPUT SUBROUT I NE

0060 11

0061 A9 07

006J 85 02

0065 06 01

0067 BO OJ

0069 4C 7E 00

006C A9 14

006E BO 07 17

007 1 A9 01

007) 80 00 17

0076 2C 07 17

0079 10 F6

OHB 4C 80 00

0071: A9 14

0080 80 07 l7

0081 A9 00

0085 BO 00 l7

0088 2C 07 11

008B Lo F6

00 80 C6 02

00 8F 24 02

0091 10 01

009) 4C 65 00

0096 E6 01

0098 A9 U

00 9A CS 0 1

009C FO 01

00111: 60

Look-up table.

Ze ro ~qe .ddress cont.ontS

one o f t hem computerfreaks." fo r sure!

We now will step throughthe va rious ro ut ines and seehow this thing works. Havea look a t Fig. 2. (This is fromthe artic le by Poll ock and ispresen ted here for thosewho might not have thatis-

OOOA 2l

0000 01

0020 1)

0021 51

0022 41

00 2l 11

00 24 48

0025 rr0026 2f

0027 U

0021 78

0029 21

002A 7F

0028 lF

00 2C 11

0020 6 )

00 2E I f

002f SF

00 JO )1

0031 11

00)2 61

DOH U

OOl t 2B

fetc h routine where it willlook at the pointer to see ifthere is something to trans­mit {see exp lanation of ad­dress H Bn. If the outputroutine has caught up to theinput ra te , the KIM willt rans mit "d idd les" whic ha re composed of l TRSfunctions . This may be de­leted by cha nging add ress02D4h to FBh·

Now a word about the in­terrupt rou ti ne. This simplylooks a t the keyboard in­pu ts when an NMI IS re­ceived and stores the ASC IIcharacter in the buffer at lo­cation 0300h plus the valueof the Y registe r; it then in­crements the Y register topoi nt to the next emptyspot.

We will now look at theou tput ro utine . It boilsdown to the fact that what­ever is in address 0001 h ischosen so that when it isshifted to the le ft. each bitwhic h IS shifted into theca rry position will corre­spond to the Baudot code.Take the code fo r the letter" A". In ASC II . this is 41 . So.when an "A" is typed on thekeyboard. it will enter a 41into the buffer (after l SR toprese rve ide ntity). This 41 isused as an index for thelook-up table and is trans­fe rred to the X register. Theaccumulator is loaded withthe contents of add ressOOOh + X. which will be 41 .The look-up tab le shows usthat add ress ()(X)()h plus 41 h(0041h) is the place for theletter A. Here the acc umu­la tor IS loaded with theva lue 63h. This IS thenstored at addresses ()(X)()hand 0001 h.

Then the accumulator isreloaded with the o rigina lASCI I va lue- in this case.41 h. If it is a space code. thel TRS/FIGS detection andshift is avoided because ev­e ry t ime a space codewould be received . the ma­chine would be shifted touppercase. A look at anASC II code table will showyou why. Next, it is checkedfor a CR code. If it is pres-

norma lly high. gOing lowwhenever data is available.This is requ ired for com pat­ibility with the NMI inputon KIM.

Next, we look at Fig. 1.where we see all t he buffersor tempo rary storage andfl ag locations invo lved In

the program . Add ressOOOOhand 0001 h both will containthe Baudot value of theASC II cha rac te r tha t is tobe tr an sm itted . The reasonfor this wil l be expla inedlater in the " Fetc h" routine.Add ress 0002 h is the ASlcounter. This ensu res tha twe get the one sta rt bit. fivedata bits. and our stop bits .Note tha t we are using 2stop bits In this program,but t his slows the rate so lit­t le that the extra cod ingcould not be just ified .

Ad d ress 0003h IS thecounter that senses how fa racross the page we are. Ifwe reach 65 cha racters.KIM will look for the nextspace and then put in theEOL rout ine. This assures usthat we will not split up thelast word o n the line . Ad­dress 0004h contains theASCII equivalent of theBaudot cha racter cu rrentlybeing processed for output.Ad d ress 000 5h IS th eBaudot case fl ag . If thisconta ins OO h. we are cu r­rent ly in lowercase Baudot.If t his is 20h, we are in up­pe rcase Baudot. Add ress17BFh is t he va lue of theFIFO poi nter. If this loca­tion is not equal to the va l­ue of the Y register. a nothe rcha racter will be fetchedfrom the FIFO buffer andbe tr ansmitted . 50 on itgoes until it catches up tothe Y registe r.

You will fi nd the entrypo int at the standa rd 0200h.Here. the pa ra llel inte rfaceIS programmed as inpu tsand ou tput, correspond ingto what we requi re. Thevital places a re initializedat OOh. and the NMI vectora t 17FAh/1 7FBh IS set topoin t to the interrupt ro u­t ine. From here, the pro­gram Ju m ps to the FIFO

not available

not available

not eval1able

LY ( lin.. feed I

CR ( e. rriaqe r e t urn

SI' ( sp.r.,,", I

•

,•

I .postrophy I

• I not available l

• I not .ova i lable I

I co...... l

,FIGS

•,cc,,c

"•,"r.""o,o•s,u

""x••,m

I

•,,,•,•,••

•s, l not ava H .ble l

•

Baudot Ch. r.

sue of 73.) Notice th at theASCII da ta is presented toKIM offset o ne place to theleft. This is so that we havePAO as ou r output pin. This"ASl" is made up for in thecoding and is offset by an" LS R." Also, be sure thest robe o n you r keyboard IS

"""""'re

""""""s r

"".."""n".."""".,n

"""""""""""

00 )5

00J6

DOn

00J8

00]9

00 l ...

0018

eescDOlO

DOlE

OOlf

00 40

0041

00 42

00 4 J

OO U

0045

0046

DonOOtl

Do n00 4...

00 4D

00 4C

00 40

00 4E

00 4'

0050

0051

0052

ODS)

0054

DOSS

005 6

0057

0058

0059

005A

oosa

114 73 Magazine · November, 1981

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This package is ideal for a u d io com pone n t repair­m en, ha m radio technicians. hobbyists. elec tricalengineers. telecom m unications engineers . audio­philes a nd studen ts of e lect ronics. Plug it in a nds lice away a lo t of guesswork .

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ent, the KIM wi ll jump tothe EOl routi ne. send outt he CR/L F/FIGSU LTRS /SPACE codes, and set theline counte r to DOh and thecase fl ag to LTRS. If noneof the above has happened ,the n th e c h a ra c t e r i schecked for its case, i.e., up­pe r or lower. If i t is the samecase as the previous charac­ter, the case shift rout inesare sk ipped, the character isoutput, and the program re­turns to the FIFO fetch ro u­tine. If the case is different,location (X)()Sh is checkedto see what the last charac­ter's ca se wa s.

I f it was LTRS case, andsince we have already es­tab li shed it is a differentca se from the c u rr e ntcha racte r, we will jump to aFIGS lo ad routine, w hi chwi ll be o ut p ut Here iswhere the purpose of sto r­ing t he Baudo t -en codedbyte in two locat ions comesinto play. After t ransmitti ngthe FIGS command, we

then have to transmi t thatuppercase charac ter. Since0001h has been destro yed,the conten ts of 0000 ist ransfe rred to 0001 andthen the shif ted c harac ter isput out.

The EO l sequence is ve rysimple. Each part of theEOl is consecutively load­ed into (x)()1, and then wejust JSR OUT PUT. W henthe EOl is finished, theco unters are reinitia ted atDOh, the case f lag is set toLTRS, and the contents ofOOOh i s tr a n sf erred to000l h

The output subroutine isactually very simp le, also.l et's loo k at ou r ASCII " A".When t his was looked up,the va lue of 63h was storedat 0001h. Th is 63h break sdown to binary 01100011 .l ooking f rom left to righ t,we w ill always see a 02, andthe last two on the right w illalways be 112. Th is corre­sponds to our o ne sta rt bitand o ur two stop bits. The

five in between will corre­spo nd to our Baudot codedesi red . A look at a Baudotcode ta ble shows us that" A" (Ba udot) is ac tua lly11000. Each t ime func t ion

•is set for 22 m s, w hich oc-curs immediately before weset the output pin high o rlow, correspond ing to the 1o r 0 o f the carry positionafter the ASL. If (x)()2h, ourASl co unter, is minus, thecha rac ter has been fullytransmitted and the KIMchecks how far it is alongthe line. If it has reached 65characters and the currentASC I I c ha racte r beingtransmitted is a space, itw ill jump to the EO l rou­ti ne. If not, it will just jumpback from w hence the ISRoccurred .

Now you ca n see howeasy it is to get your KIMdoing wonderful things o nRTTY. r have used th is basico utpu t rout ine in a grea tmany things . O ne of theneatest ones was link ing it

to Tiny BASIC. This wa s agreat add it ion to Ti ny be­cause it gave m e a hardcopy of t he program, etc..but, boy, d id it slow thingsdown!

I ho pe this article hashe lped o u t tho se w howou ld like to have theirKI M s o n RTTY but did nothave the time to w rite theprogram, or whatever. Itwas a great educational ex­perience for me, and a greatdeal of enjoyment was de­r ived. KIM·1 has to be oneof the best little rigs for thistype of appl ication, andmany, many things cancome to my mind when Istart th inking abou t them.

Gi ve m e a c alion14,082500, for I am alwayson that frequen cy, au to-­start. You wil l f ind m anyot her fetl as with computerson that " co mputer auto­start net " You will beamazed at some of thethings happening in th isfiel d .•

73 Magazine . November, 1981 115

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116 73 MagaZine . November, 1981

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AX-190 Upgrade- Collins components can make the difference

Fig. 1. A Collins filter for the AX-l90. AU connections to the circui t boa rd are by shieldedwire. See text for R2 adjus tmen t. R2 is a su rplus lO-tum, 20k carbon tr immer. R1, R2, andR3 are W Watt.

A few mont hs ago, Icompleted modifica­

tions to my AX-190 as sug­gested in 73 Magaz ine.'This made a great improve­ment in the front-end re­sponse of the receiver and,although I decided to stopwith the additions in thefi rst part of the art icle andleave out the preamp, sig­na ls that were hard to hea ron 10 meters a re now 59. Ihighly recommend this easymodification.

There is another areawhere the AX-190 fall s shortof being a good amateur re­ceiver, howeve r, a nd that is

I_ 'O!<l" P I" '~ O',.' t1o.~ o

in the area of se lec tivity.The AX-190 in stock formsha res its c ircuit with the5X-190, whic h is a sho rt­wave listening receive r of­fering good performanceon AM but rather poor se­lectivity for use on crowdedham bands. The receiversecond i-f operates a t 455kHz a nd utilizes two trans­fo rme r-fi lters wit h a ratedbandpass of 4.1 kHz at 6 d Bdown. After think ing aboutoutboard filters and even ofbuild ing a passive audiobandpass fi lte r into thespeaker box, I finall y dec id­ed to go the pro per ro ute

and ins tall a Collins me­cha nical filte r in the i-f c ir­cuit. The price of new filte rsof this type is rather high,and if you are on a budgetsuch as mine, I advise sho p.ping for one that is surplus .

After looking over t heschematic) and the n open­ing up the receiver, I madethe happy discovery thatthe second mixer (Q8) ismounted on the vfo boardand is, of course, enclosedby the vfo box. Its output isfed to the input of the i--fboard by a shie lded cablesolde red to p in 13. Thispoint is an ideal place in

which to insert a filter. Also,as I looked at the bottom ofthe receiver, I noted thatthe vfo enc losure edges areextended to the bottom ofthe cha ssis, forming a per­fectly located shielded boxwith ready-made holes fo rconnections. Th is meansthat a new circu it board canbe inserted into the exis tingci rcu it with excellent iso la­tion and no modificationsto existing boards.

Before any work starts, itwou ld be advi sable to tunethe ca librator signal in at ahigh freque ncy and peak allcontro ls fo r ma xi mum. Ifthe $-meter read ing is not­ed, the crystal ca libratorthen can be used to adj ustthe ci rcuit on the new filterboard for unity gain after in­sta lla t io n. Ca paci to rs C4and C5 are adjusted fo r apeak, and then R2 is ad just­ed until the same S-meterread ing is obtained .

The filter used is a sur­plus Collins 455-FA-21 witha bandpass of 2.1 kHz and itis mounted on an etchedci rcuit board along with res­o nati ng capacito rs and anamplifier using an MPF102 .This board is e tc hed with a

118 73 Magazine . November. 1981

PORTA-PEATER~

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Mooe1370-182 Element Tri-Band BeamDesigned for portable andlightweight. Two workingelements on each band 10, 1Sand 20 meters. The 6.5 footboom can be easily raised on aninexpensive mast and operatedwith a standard T.V. rotator. VVillhandle 1(0) watts-2())) wattsP.E-P.

Mooel 370-164 Element "[ri-Band BeamFour working elements on each band 10, 1Sand 20 meters. Twenty four foot boom permitsoptimum spacing for maximum forward gainand front to back ratio. All traps pretuned. VViIlhandle 1(0) watts~2000watts P.E.P.

Mooe1370-173 Element Tri-Band BeamThree working elements on eachband 10, 15 and 20 meters.Sixteen foot boom providesexcellent performance, yetlighter in weight. Will handle1(OOwalts·2000 watts P.E.P.

BARKER & WILLIAMSON

MULTIBANDBEAMS

\\tite for more details a nd otherB&W products.

<n Barker & \Villiamson , Inc.~ 10 Canal 51 . Bristol , PA. 19007 215-788-5581

Assembled,Tested,Burned In,Programmed(Inc . 53. postage)

. .. ind'YId"al CW·IOs p K Pf'IOM)_ VOX_ COR. CORtri~• Adj . 0-15 min. lD cycle tun. ,. ...dJ_0-15 min. Time OUlli......• Adj . 0-30 Me. hang lime<• AdJ, 20db local mic amp• f rue ,ape-.t., beacon. Of manual modes• 250 walt , .. ilching c4lpabil lly• Complete gain/interlllce con trolsa Comple te technical "';lnu a l• PCB alze 5',," x 5'1. "• 22 pin edgecard interface

$99..22.

73 Magazine. November, 1981 119

Fig. 3. PC board, component location.

References1. " Im p rove t he A X-190Receiver," Paul J. Dujmich, 73Magazine, January. 1978, page106.2. Allied AX·HIO InstructionalManual, page 23. "SChematicD ia g ra m of I · t Section,"Copyrigh t 1971 . AlIlecl RadioShack.

•_ _ _ _ _ B+ FRO r.l PIN liS

I S HIE L DE D WIR E }+

F ILTER TO P IN I "( S HI E L DED WIRE I

Fig. 2. PC board, foil side.

+

Many thanks are due toDave Carlson VElAQE whoprovided the circuit and thetechnical advice along withenough verbal abuse to getme going on this pro je ct ! •

of better performance In

the other modes.M PF102 as it did o rigina llytoQ8.

The se modificationshave resulted in a very satis­fying receiver as far as SSBand CW are concerned, a ndcomparisons with otherhighly-ra ted receivers arefavorab le. AM re ceptio n isno longer possible . but I'lla cce p t that loss in the light

+

MOUNT IN GHOLE

Of course. by this pro­cess Q8 no longer has B+ .and this is restored by run­ning another sh ielded cablefrom the power supp ly buso n the i-f boa rd (pin 15)thro ugh a capacitor-res istordecoupling network o n thenew fil ter board . Just to besure. I th rew in a n addition­al 5-m H choke . These com­po nen ts are la be led R'l , Ct.and RFCl on the d iagram.Fig. 1.

maximum amo u nt ofground plane re ma ini ng toprovide isolation . I alsoadded a shield on the foilside of the board betweenthe input and output of thefilter. The shield is sim ply apiece of circuit board ma­teria l about %-inch widerunning the width of theboa rd and attached withsolder. I'm no t su re it's nee­esse rv. bu t it is easy to doand certain ly won't hu rt.

The original sh ielded ca­ble coming from Q8 to thei-f board is unsoldered frompin 13 and rerouted to thefilter board which is mount­ed on the bottom panel ofthe vfo box. It may be nec­e ssary to splice on a sma llpiece of cable. depend ingo n how you mount theboa rd. On the new boa rd.the mixer product is cou­pled to the mechanica l fil­ter th ro ugh a O.Ol -uF ceram­ic capacitor (C2). A l00-pFsilve r mica c a pac ito r «(3)with a paralleled 8-50-pFceramic trimmer (C4) a reused to resonate the inputof the filter . The output ofthe filter is treated in thesa me way with (5 and Cband is then fed to the gateof the MP F102 through aO.D1 -uF ceramic (C7) a nd ami nia ture 20 k ten-tu rn car­bon pot. The ou tput of thenew fi lter is now sim ply amatter of attac hing thedrain of the MPF102 direct­ly to pin 13 on the i-f boardby a shielded cable. Thisalso supplies B+ to the

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73 Magazine . November, 1981 121

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122 73 Magazine . November, 1981

R f Gain, Ltd.

You can get significantly belter performance fromyour Receiver by improving neIFfiltering, The mostcoat-effective way 10 do thia ialo place a superior&pole SSB liIIer essentially in senes (or Case6deJwith the original uni!. The resulting increase In thenumber of poles of flltefing to as msny as 16causes a dramatic irn:;rease In selectivity and re­duction of ad;acenl channel aRM, Theauthors ofthe following major articles aU stress the effec­tiveness of FOX·TANGO fillers in this applicationand comment on ils simplicity easy soldering;no drilling. no swilching. and no panel changes.As a bonus. CW performance Is improved as wellas SSB. at no extra cost or effort!

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Arthur H. Wertz NSAEN8019 Riara DriveSan .Antonio TX 78227

Extra Accuracy forHeathkit Clocks

- a synchronous solution

which normally display on­ly hou rs and minu tes . Thesecan be set to WWV t ime,afte r a fashion, by adva nc­ing the c lock to the nextm inute, stopping the clock,and releasing it on the m in­ute signal .

A much more accuratemethod of sett ing the mod­el GS-ll07 clock is to modi­fy the clock for a secondsdisplay . This allows theclock to be se t exactly withthe WWV signal . The sec­onds display is handy alsofor timing. The rnodif ice­tion is re la t ive ly simple,consist ing of cutti ng a traceon the PC boa rd, wiring in ajumper wire. and replacingthe snooze switch. An addi­tional switch can be addedto give a seconds display ifthe snooze feature must beretained . A similar modifi­cation can be done to anydigita l clock using the Na­tiona l MM5316 clock chip.

Perform the followingmodifica tio ns:

1. Cut the printed-c ircu ittrace to pin 24, ICl (clockIC) (see Fig. 1).

2. Add a st rap from pin32, ICl to the PC trace pre­viously connected to pin 24(see Fig . 1).

3. Replace the spring-re­turn snooze slide switchwith a regula r one­pole /t wo-p o sit io n switch(Rad io Shack 275-430). Wirethe new switc h the same as

• DO" 'O~H

$(CO ~ DS

S "''' C~

C .l1 £ 1Il ~ .H " 001

Older models of the d igi­tal clocks were si x-digit ve r­sio ns displaying hours, m in­utes, and seconds. l a te rversions are fou r-digit types

" 0 0 " '((1 S...'TC~c'O.... t .. ·S~OOH· , ,,,, TC MI

, 0

•f-- -)-!-(,,,,I

SCCONDS

•

••••

'CO

Fig. 3. Clock switch wiring.

fo r Zu lu (GM T) time. andare a necessary piece ofeq uipme nt fo r a mate urswho participate in trafficnets o r MARS ope ra tions.

.l..... S~OOH' 5[CO~O,

S ... I1C~ S ... ' TC ~

Fig. 2. GC-1107 dock-rear view.

o

Fig. 1. Clock 1C - printed circuit side.

_ , I•

rr'CO

, ec

0 0 0 00 000 000 0 00000 o 0 0

'"

~400 ) ' 1.1 r .ooo .I11" " C"

'"::::J J 1l;:V

Jl,

62J 0 0

eo " '\ "•

M any amateurs haveb o ught H eathkit~

digital clocks for their sta­tions. The clock kits a reeasy to build, can be wired

124 73 Magazine · November, 1981

the origina l swi tch (see Fig.3).• Snooze switc h will nowprovide two d isplays:

a) "Time" d isplay: no r­mal 24-hour format.

b)" Seco nds" d isplay: dig­it 4 = blanked, d igit 3 ­minutes (units). d igit 2 ­10s of seconds, digit 1 ­seconds.• When used in "seco nds"d isplay mode:

a) Slow switch: Will in hib­it eo-cps input to the clockIC and prevent t ime fromadvancing.

b) Fast switc h: Will resetseconds to zero withoutc ha ng ing t he m inute scount.

c) Both switches at once:Will reset time to 12:00:00am in 12-ho ur format; to00:00:00 in 24-hour format.• To set the clock to syn­chro nize with WWV:

a) With former snoozeswitch in "t ime" d isplaymode, se t clock to currenttime plus o ne minute.

b) Switch to " seco nds"display.

c) Depress fast switch (re­sets to X:OOl. release fastswitch, a nd immed iatel ydepress slow switc h (stopsclock and holds t ime).

d) Upon receipt of theWWV to ne (on the minute).release the slow switc h.

e) Veri fy that the displaycha nges from X:59 to Y:OOat the next WWV tone pu lse(on the minute).

f) Set fo rmer snoozeswi tc h to "t ime" d ispl aymode.

If a n add itiona l switc h isadded for the "seco nds"function. connect the centercontact of the switc h to pin32 of 1( 1 (clock chip). Carrne ct the normall y-o pe ncontact of the switch to thewire which is co mmo n tothe sno oz e a nd a la rmswit ches ( + 22 V f ro mpower supply terminal s AA,AB. AD. and AG)-see Fig.3.•

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MBA READER;ANAME YOU SHOULD KNOW

What does MBA mean? It stands for Morse-Baudot and ASCII.What does the MBA Reader do?The RO model (reader only) usesa 32 character alphanumeric vacuum fluorescent display andtakes cw or tty audio from a receiver or tape recorder and visuallypresents it on the display.

The copy moves from right to left across the screen, much likethe Times Square reader board. Is the AEA model MBA Readerdifferent from other readers? It certainly is! It is the first to give theuser 32 characters of copy (without a CRT), up to five words at onetime.ltcan copy cw up to 99wpm and Baudotat6D-67-75 and 100wpm. Speeds in the ASCII mode are 110 and hand typed 300

baud. The expanded display allows easy copy even during high speed reception.The AEA model MBA has an exclusive automatic speed tracking feature. If you are copying a signal at

3-5 wpm and tune to a new signal at 90 wpm, the MBA catches the increased speed without loss of copy.The M SA Reader all ows a visual displ ay of your fist and improves your code proficiency. It is compact

in size, and has an easily read vacuum fluorescent display.The Reader operates from an external 12 VDC source. This allows for portable/mobile or fixed

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Check the AEA model MBA Reader at your favorite dealer and see all the features in this newequipment. If your dealer cannot supply you, contact AEAAdvanced Electronic Applications, Inc. Brings you theP.O. Box 2160, Lynnwood. WA 98036 Call 206/775-7373 Breakthrough!Prices and specifications subiect to change without notice or obligation- ------

126 73 Magazine · November, 1981

--FOR THE NOVICE----,

--OTHER STUDY GUIDES--

SPECIAL OFFERI Both Novice Licens e Study G u ide and Novice StudyTapes $ 19 .95. Order NP7300.

" THE STICKLER"6 + WPM- CT7306- This Is the practice tape fO' theNovice and Techn ician licenses. It Is made up or ooesolid hour 01code. sent at t he olf icial FCC standard (nooth/lr tape we'v/l heard uses these standards, so manypeople flunk the code when they are suddenly-uodefp'essure-faced with cha rac.ters sent at .13 wpm andspaced lor 5 wpm). This tape IS not memO'llable. unlikethe zany 5 wpm tape, since the code groups are ent irelyrandom characters sent in groups ot llv/l.

"BACK BREAKER"13+ WPM _ CT7313-Code groups again, at a br isk 14per SO you will be at ease when you si t down in tront ol thesteely-eyed government Inspector and he starts sendingyou pla in language at on iy 13 per. You n~ th is extramargin to o.....-come the panic which is un iversal in thetest situations. When you ·..... spent your money and timeto take the lest, you 'll thank heaven you had th is back·break in9 tape.

"C OURAGEOUS"20+ WPM _ CT7320_ Code Is what gets you when yougo lor the Extra class license. It Is so embarrassing topanic out iust because you didn 't prepare yoursel l withth is tape. hough this is oniy one word faster, the codegroups are 90 ouuecn that you'll almost fall asleep copy­ing the FCC stull by comparison . Users report that theycan't believe how easy 20 per rea lly is w ith this fantasticone hour tape.

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5 WPM - CT7305- This is the beginning tape fOt peoplewho do not know the code at all. It takes them throughthe 26 letters, 10 numbers and necessary punctuation,comp lete with practice ev9fY step o f the way using thenewest bl itz t/lllching techniques. It ts almost mi rac·u lous! In one hour many peop le-including kidsol ten­are able to master the code. The ease of leam il1ll givesconttcence to beginners who might otherwise drop out.

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• NOVICE STUDY TAPES- CT7300--11 you are just ll&tling started in ham radio. you'll find thesel apes indispensatlle! This up-to-the-minute re-erco o f Ihe 73 Study COli"'" is the pedect way to I"",rneve<ylhing you nee.:! to breeze through the Novice wr illen exam. Theory. FCC regulatiooll, andoperati ng skills are all covered, and you'lI be amazed at how last you learn using these tapes'

Oncethe test is behind you, these tapes will go right on being usefUl, because they are packed withthe latest information on setting up your own ham station , and gelling on the air.

Thousandsol people have discovered how easy learning Irom cassette can be-Qfd... now andenter the tase,natmg world ot ham radio! -Sel of 3-$t5.95'-

Scientists ha.e proven that you learn fast.... by lis tening than by read ing because you can play a cas­sette tape over and OYer in you r spare lime-wen While you're driving! You gel more and more intoeach time you hear it. You can't progress without 90Iid lund.amentals. These three hour-long tares giveyou all the basics you' ll need to pass the Novice exam eaSI ly. You'lI have an und...stand,ng 0 the ba­sica wIllch WI ll be Invaluable to you lor the rest 01 your lilel Can you aHord to take your Novioe examwithout l irst l ist"" lng to these tapes?

_ EXTRA CLASS LICENSE STUDY GUIDE_ SGlO80_eercre going tee your 1 X 2 call . it pays to be a master otthe Extra class electronics theory. This sludy guide isthe klgica l extena lon 01 the 73 theory course. All theIheory necessary to pass the exam is p,esen ted. Anten­nas, transmiSSIon lines, sw' are diSCUSSed, aa well asnoise, propagation, and specia lized communrcauontechniques . This book is not a classroom lecture Otmemorization gUide, but retner a logical presentation ofthe matee lal that must be underSlood before attemptingthe Extra exam, Save yourself a return tflP to the FCCand try the 73 melnod li,st! $5,95.°

_ADVAN CED CLASS LI CENSE STUDY GUIDE­SG1081-Ready to upgrad/l your license? To pr/lventr/ltaking the fCC theory exam, you need the 73 Advanc·ed th/lOl'y guide. SSB, antenna theory, transmil1ers, andeiectrcmcs measuring techniques are cov/lred In detai lin this .....sy·to-Iollow study guide. Special modes andt/lchnlques, such as RlTY, are etsc tr&8ted. Anengineer.ing deg,ee Is no' necessary to master the Advancedtheory-try this book beto-e visiting the examiner'S of·lice ! $6.95. "/ PubliShed by TAB Boolo:s previous to recentchanges in CC exam material.,

" OUTRAGEOUS"25 -+- WPM - CT7325- This Is the tape lor that smallgroup of oVllfachievrng hams who wQlJldn't be cont""t tosimply satlsly the ecce requirements 0' the Extra Classlicense. It's the toughest tape we've got and we keep apermanent liIe of hams who neve mastered It. Let usknow when you'r/l up to saeed and we' ll Inscribe yourname in 73's CW " Hall of Fame"

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MAGAZINE

_ Preserve and protect you r collection for a lifetime!Order these handsome red binders with gold lettennp.$7.50 ror 1, 3 lor $21,75, 6 lor $42.00. (Postpaid withmUSA. please add $2.50 per order outside USA.) Check Ofmoney orders only, no phone or C.O.D, orders. 13BIndel's, P,O. Bo~ 5120, Philadelphia, PA 19141 .

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HANDBOOKSFOR THEHAMSHACKe THE TEN METER FM HANDBODK - BK119O- by BobHeil K9E10 . This handbook has be&n publiShed to helpth& Ian meter enthusiast leam more about the manymethods of conversions and tricks Ihal ar&used 10makeexisting un its work better. Join tne gr&at "tinkarers" ofthe world on ten FM and enjoy the fantast ic amount 01tun In communicating with amateur stations worldwld&on Ian meter FM, $• .95.'

e THE PRACTICAL HANDBOOK OF AMATEUR RADIOFM REPEATERS- BKIl6!>_ by Bill Pastllrnak WA6ITFlauthor o f 73Magazines monthly column "LOOking WllS!'1thIS IS the book for tile VHFIUHF FM..., complied frommaterial subm iHed by over a hundrad IndiViduals, clubs.organizations and &quipmSflt manulacture<S. A "mustne-e'' for your ham Shack Shelf. $12.95.

e VQl . IV IC TEST EQU IPME~T- l B7362-B&com& stroubtesncot Ing wizard! In this lourth volume of the 73TEST EQUIPMENT LIBRARY are 42 home constructionprojects l or building test equipment to work wi th yourham stallon and In servicing digital &qui pm&nl. Plus acumulalive index for all four volumes fo' tne 73 TESTEQUIPMENT LIBRARY. $4.95.'

eRF AND DIGITAL TEST EQUIPMENT YOU CANBUILD- BK 11)44-Rf burst, l unct lon, squar&wan g&n·eratore, var iab le I&ngt h puls& genlJrators- 100 kHzma rk&r, I·f and rl SWlJep gen&rators, eudlo esc, allff slg.nal injector, 146 104Hz syn th&slzer, digital readou ts forcoun t&ts, s&veral co un ters, prescal&r, mlcrowavlJmeter , etc. 252 pag&s. $5.95. '

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e VOL II AUDIO FREQUENCY TESTERS_ LB7360­. . . jam packed with all kinds of euce Irequency t&SIequ ipment II you're Into SSB. RTTY, SSTV, etc., thisbook is a must tor you , . . a good book for hi·'i addictsand &xperim&nters, too! $4,95, ·

eVDL I COMPONENT TESTERS_ LB7359_ . . . howto bUild fransistor testers (6), oteee testers (3), IC test­ers (3), vo llmeters and VTVMs (9), ohmmet&rs (6 di ffer.ent kinds), tecucrence (3), capacity (9), Q measure.ment, cryslal ch&cking (6~, t&mperatu re (2) auralmeters 101 the blind (3) and all sorts of misc&lIlln&Ousdata On melers .. . using them, making them more ver.sati le, making standards. Invatuable book, $4,95,'

e VDL III RADIO FREQUENCY TESTERS- LB7361­Radio frequency waves, me common denominator,01Amateur Radio. Such Items as SWR, sntenna ,m­pecance. IIn& Impedance, rl output and h&ld sl rength;detai led instructiOns on tesllng meee items Includessections on signal ,gen&ral ors, crystal calibrators, griddip OSCIllators, nOiS& g&nelators, dummy loads andmuch more, $4.95.'

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NEWIeWORLD PRESS SERVtCE fREQUEN CIES_BK1202-by Thomas Harrington. Can'l wait to hear the eve·ning n&ws. Of are you wonder ing abo ul the news that}OU aren't hearing? Rec&lve b y Rad io Teletyp& (ATTY}all t ne world n&WS and finanCIal happenings from theworld capitolson a2. hour aday basis, This book givn}OU th& Ir&quencies and umee of broadcast 01 suchnews eeo-ces as AP, UPI, R&ut&rs, TASS. VOA andLondon Pr&ss. Also included Is sn IntroduCl lon toRTTY wit h Information on equipment, antennas. eeere­vlatlons-&veryl hing you n&&d to get start&d In RTTY.$5.95 ~

e THE NEW WEATHE R SATELLITE HANDBQDK_ ,'BK7363-by Or. Ralph E. Taggart WB8DQT. H&re is the'completely updated and r&Vlsed edi ti on contalnmg all ,th& Inlormation On the most soptuattcated and &ffectivespacecraft now In orbit. This book serves both the ax­pertenced amatau r sateli l l e Sflthuslasl and the new·com... . It is an introducllon to satelli te watChing, pro­viding autne Information required to construct a cern­pl&te and highly euecnve ground station , Solid hard·ware designs and all the inst rucHons nec&SSary lOOper·ete th&equipment are inc luded. For &xpllrimentllrS whoare operating sta tions, the book detail s all proceduresnecessary to modily equtcment for t he new series ofspacecraft. Amateur weal hllr satell i t& acllvUy repre­sants a unlqua blend of mterests Sflcompassing eiec­tronics, melllOrology and astronautics. Jo in me pri.. ·IlllIed few In watChing th& spectacle of earth as se&nIrom space on your own moni toring equipment $6.95. '

e MASTER HANDBOOK Of HAM RADlO CIRCUITS­BK1033- This Is an &ncycloped la of amateur l adlo cir­cuits, j l&anad from past Issues 01 73 Magazine andceretur y selected according to applicat ion. You 'll findmany you 've never seen blllore, some n&w twists on thetried and true, and s&Veral l hat hav& been Ionglorgott&nbul ere well worth remembering, Where your Inter&stranges from ragche wlng to EME, from CW to SIOW'llCanTV, lrom OX to county nets, this handbook wil l be awelcome add ition to your shack. $8.95.'

e OWNER REPAIR OF RADIO EQUIPMENT-BK7310_by Frank Glass K6RQ. Here's a boo!< thSI will l each youan approach tc troubleshooting w ithout a Shack fUll 01I&sl equlpm&nt. Written In anarrat lve. non·mathematicaistyl&, It will encourage you to successlul ly fix your ownrig problema 80 10 90'10 of Ih& l ime. Ev&n If you don· twanl to Ilx, you can learn a lot about how things workand fall. Add to you r library and perSOfla l expertise$7,95.'

erc OP.AMP COOKBOOK-BK1026-by Walt er G,Jung. Covers not only the basic theory of Ihe IC op ampin great oeteu. but also Includes over 250 pract ical Cir­cuit applications. liberally illustrated. 592 pag&s,5'12 xe» . soltbound. $".95'

e THE POWER SUPPLY HAND BOOK - BK7305­Ne&d a power supply lor s gadg&t you'r& building? Inth& POWER SUPPLY HAN BOOK tnere are oozeoeready-to-butte, plus d&la ll&d steps lor designing yourown. Ther& afe Circuits and parts lists lor all kinds ofsupplies, ranging Irom simple DC types to highlystable regulated versions. If you need a c ircuit to coo­vert a DC volt age to a higher or low&r volt ag&, tum OCInto AC. or AC to DC-then this Is th& book you neeo.Wit h mor& t han . 00 pag&s, you should be able to tlndjust the circu it you need. Without a doubt one of th&best pow&r sUPFly source books available, compiledby the editors 0 73. $9.95.'

eBEHIND THE DIAl- BK7307- By Bob Grove. Getmore fun ou t o f shortwave listening with this Interest·ing guide 10 ,ocelvers, antennas. frequencies and In­terference. $4.95. '

eTHE CONTEST COOKBOOK-BK7308- rsveals lhesecrete of tre contest winners (Domestic, OX andspecialty contests}, complele with pholos and diag rams01 equipment used by the top SCor&flI. f ind out hOWtomake 150 contacts In one houl. $5,95.·

THE 13 TECHNICAL LIBRARY

e THE CHALLENGE OF 160- BK7309- ls the newestbock In t he 73technlcallibrary, dedicated to 160 meteroperat ing. SI Dunn prO'lides all necessary Inlormatlonto get st arted on th is unique band, The all·lmportantantenna and ground systems are described In detail.The introduclfon contains Interesting photos 01 StewPerry's (lhe King 01 160)shack. This releromce is a mustl or new and experienced "Top Band'" operators, Price:$4.95.'

e SSB... THE MISUNDERSTOOD MODE- BK7351- byJames B. Wilson. Sing le Sideband Transmission. .•thousands of uSuse It everyday, yet It ramalns one of theleast understood facets 01amataur radio. J . B. Wilsonpresents several methods 01 sideband generation, am­ply illustrated with charts and schemat ics, whiCh w illenable the ambitious reader to construct hiS own Side­band Qenerator. A must lor the technlcally·serious hams.sese.e PROPAGATION WIZARD'S HANDBOOK- BK7302_by J. H. Neison. When sunspots ridd led the worldwidecom munIcations networks of the 1940's, John HenryNelson looked to the planela lor an answer. The resul twas a theory 01propagation lorecasting based upon in·terplanetary alignment that made the author the mostreliable lorecaal er In America loday. The book providesan enlightened look at oommunicalions pasl, present,and IUlura, as wall as taachlng the art of propagationforecasting. $6.95.'

eTOOLS • TECHNIQUES f OR ELECTRONICS­BK7348---by A. A. Wleks Is an easy·\o-undarstand 000i<wrltlan lor lhe OOginning kit builder as well as Iha ex­perlenced hobbyist. It has numerous picturas anddescriptions of the safe and coerect ways to use basicand specialized tools lor eiecncrac projects as well asspecialized metal work lnglools and the Chamleal aidswhich are used in repair ancps. $4.95. '

CONTE

FORTHE

'Use the order card in this magazine 01 itemize your Olde' Oil II separate piece of paper and ma il to: 73 Radio BooksllOp •Pelerborough NH 034,58. Be Sure to InclUde cneck or detailed credit card.in formation. No C.O.D. orders acceptOO. All ordersadd $1,50 handling fi rst book, $1.00 each addit ion al book. $10.00 per book foreign airmail. Please allow 4·6 week s fordelivery, Questions rellardinll your Older? Please wnte to ccetcme. Service at t ne above address .(Prices sub ject to changeOn books not published by 13 Magazine,)

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a THE MAGIC OF HAM RADlO- BK7:l12- tly JerToklSwank, W8HXR begins w,th .. llrief history 01 amataurradio and 0 1Jerry's , rwolvement in it. Part 2 de" ilSmanyo t ham rad io's heroic mcmems. Hamdom 's close lieswith the conlinent 0 1Ant arctica are the subjec, a t Pari 3,In Pari . the str.nga and humorous lides 0 1ham lil e gel1I>lti, due, And wtwlt o t the l ulure? Pari 5 peers Into the~Ial ball. Sot 1'5."

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FOfIIU.OOO .fll.UUII$.__ ...130 73 Magazine . Novem ber. 1981

The 160 Winners!- W8LRL and W4CN take top honors

Greater scores were wit­nessed, bigger signa ls wereapparent, certainly morestations were on the airthan ever before, and thep ropagation seemed tofavor most everyone's fa n­cy. I said "most." fella s! Aswell-known top-band oper­ator Paul Engle K9Qllsta ted, " l ast year's winnerwou ldn't have even madehono ra b le me ntio n t hi syea r! " If you we ren't thereto see it for yourself, let ustell you, the competitionwas extremely fie rce. Thecontest results p retty wel lsum it up .

Wally Eck les W8 l Rlfrom West Virginia tookfirst-place honors in thesingle-operator categorywith a rema rk able score of383,625 points . Of pa r­ticular interest is the factthat the OX countries

ZF2DX in Grand Cayman Island operated by K0GVB andWA0DXZ (wearing glasses). KoeVB was 2nd in the worldlast year.

Bill Gosne y n rc2665 Busb y RoodOak Ha rbor WA 98277

IIThe biggest and bestever he ld " - those

were the words utte red bynearly everyone who partic­ipated in the 1981 160-Me­ter Phone Contest spo n­sored by 73. Most contes­ta nts expressed thei r sur­prise at the enormous tu rn­out of active stations on thebands. Many old-timers in­dicated it was the first timein their lives they've seen soma ny pho ne-ba nd opera­to rs on 160 at one time!They weren 't joking, either;the statistics tallied afterthe contest showed nea rly1,000 stations participatedin the weekend ext ravaga n­za. look at the results com­pared to last year for exam­ple:

19801981"lo In­crease

En·tries

7'117

58.1 "10

peruc­Ipants

569917

61.2"10

worked by Wally made thedifference in the outcomeof the event. Wally's fif­teen-country total couldnot be matched by the ninecountries of second-placefi nis he r and wel l-know n HFco ntest stat ion K0RF .Though KORF had the mostQSOs in the contest (804),nearly twice that of lastyear's wi nne r, the th reem ult ip lier cred its earned

fo r e ac h ox co u nt ryworked allowed W8l Rl topull out into the lead whenthe final scores were tabu­lated.

John Vaughn and com­p an y (AC4 A, W D4A RQ,N4DU H, KA4DWX, KA4FII.WD40SN, WA4QWI. NF4R,K4TXI. KD4U, and N4XMl,rep rese nting the AmateurRadio Transmitting Society,lnc.. of l ouisvill e , Ken-

73 Magazine . November, 1981 131

CONTEST FEEDBACK

"This was my lirst 160 contest; in fact, at contest time I hadonly been on 160 meters about two weeks total. Had a reallysuper time and you can be sure ' wi ll be back next year withbigger and better things. " - K1LPS." The 160contest again turned out tobe a great success! ceo­grats on a job well done. The new rules worked out just lineand I wouldn 't change a th ing for next year. My biggest thrillwas working WI8B, W2FJ, and W2EOS all the same weekend.I guess there is a f irst lor everything?"- WA9EYY." Thanks for a most enjoyable contest and tl lanks to everyonefor the contacts. I had to miss most of the l irst night and half01 the second. I am already looking forward to next year'sevent."- KC8P."Suggest you make the contest mixed SSBICW." - AA1K." No W5s or W7s; where were they? A great contest,though."-K1NBN."Competi tion is getting heavier (and much, much louder). ,guess it is time for a new antenna system. The band openedup nicely Sunday morning. Thanks for a fun contest."- WB1HIH." The word got out about the best 161J.meter contest and I wishI could have worked the thousands of stations I could hear.Hope we have the entire 161J.meter band next year and we canspread out a li ttle."- K2DWI." All set for the contest, then 2 days before I got the flu . I was

WD40SN pictured here at his station after all the dustcleared. Th is station took top multi honors under the ca/JW4( N.

KA9 F manned by WD91HI in the foreground and sta tionowner Neil in the back as they operate from the high schoolpress box high above the football stadium where dipolesarestrung across the field.

132 73 Magazine · November, 1981

left with little energy. My coughing kept tripping the VOx. Seeeveryone in the 3rd annual event, I am sure. "-K3IXD."Found the conditions here on the east coast good to zero­land; not much heard to 5-, 6-, or 7-land, however; did hearHP3, KP2, and a VK6 at about 0100Z on the 18th. Certa inlylooking forward to next year."-K2SJB."Biggest thrills were working Hawaii and Nova Scotiaanswering my CO. " - W5LKP." Lots of fun and good turnout for the 2nd annual event. Onlywish 'he OX conditions were better for some of us."-W3BGN." This is my very l irst 161J.meter contest and only my secondcontest 01 any kind. I enjoyed it very much . I wish time wouldhave allowed me to work longer. "-K4ZGA." Contest rules as of now make no incentive to work more thanone OX station in each country. I feel the rules should give ex­tra points for each OX station worked. "-W4PZV." Good contest! Unlortunately, I could only operate onenight. " - AE6U."Hadn 't been on 160 since 1954 until the weekend of the con­test. I strung up a new antenna and jumped in with both feet(until the rig blew up Friday night). This put me out of actionuntil the following evening. I had a ball anyway! See you nextyear for sure."-N4ARO." Forty minutes late starting due to fin ish ing the beverageantenna in the moonllight. It helped me work two Europeancountries, however."-N4IN." My lirs' teo-meter contest. Not a good score, but wanted toshow my support. Enjoyed It nonetheless. Hope to improve

W8LRL, overall 16D--meter champion! An unbelievab lescore of 383,625 points, 775 QSOs, 47 states, 1 provinces,and 15 OX countries on single sideband. Need we say moreabout this popufa r contester, " M r. Centleman" of the" Centleman 's Band."

N10F. top l-Jand station for the second year in a row. Looka t the spider-web. Could this be why?

my antenna system to be more competitive. Thanks to 73Magazine for the sponsorship. See you again next year."-WSSOD." As always. it was again proven that 160 is the 'Gentleman 'sBand.' My thanks to the feffows who rea lly tried to get methrough to the east coast, even though I didn't make i t(sob!)."- W6WBY." Lots of bug signals and weak ears. Big and little guns callingthe coast to no avaif' All in ett, it was lots of fun. Sunday par­ticipation dropped off drastica lly it seemed." - KKSC."Heard many stations that couldn 't hear me- HP1XRK,AHSBK. KC40V, etc. My noise level was 59 + . A fun contest,though, and th ere sure was a noticeable lo t of activity."-AK7F." Never heard so much activity on 160 before.' Worked morestates in 4 hours than in the rest ofmy »cr-rcc-ect've 22 years .Used a ssa-toot AM broadcast tower after sign-off. Having aSIB, wave vertical sure was nice (hi). Next year we may evenmatch the impedance. " -KBEXF,"Never has 160 sounded so continuous QRM."-WBIM."Sure was fun. Only wish I could have worked the secondnight," - K8CFU." Had a fat more fun than last year. Did a little better afso (hi).Missed some prime time operating hours due to company.Sure looking forward to nex t year, though." - W8QBF." Really enjoyed the contest. A lo t more activity than I ex­pected to l ind. The event seems to be a great success. Thanksto 73 Magazine! "-W8LRL."Where were Wyoming and New Mexico? Missed several

WA9 EYY achieved 2nd highest multi-op score in the worldassisted b y K9ZDN.

Multi-op station WD0BNC was top zero-land station andthird in the world. WDOBNC (le ft) and WAOTKI (right).

other multipliers, too. Enjoyed the contest again this year.Seemed to be much more activity and I was at least able tobeat last year's score in spite of the limited operatingtime." - N9GT."Conditions were excellent. Local competition was very. verystiff ' ''-WBDCMM." Again I enjoyed the contes t. Conditions were less favorab le.though. Higher noise, weaker propagation. Pleased to no tethe higher turnout, especia lly VEs. Acquired 1 more state and3 more provinces thanks to the coeresr."-> VE4WR." Back to the drawing boards for the 160 antenna. I heard atleast 25 stations from the US calling me, but they didn't hearm y return signal eviden tly. Planning a sloper for future 160work. Couldn't hear wt -tena a t all."- HP1XRK."This was my f irst effort in a contest since I got my licenselast April. I rea lly had fun. Wish my antennas were a few feethigher (hi). All in all, had a great time." - VE1BWW."This was quite a contest. Last year 's score would hardly bean honorable mention this year. Murph y got me and I missedsome of the best hours of the contest due to a blown switch·box and preamp. Never heard s o many signa ls on 160 before.There must have been over I ,OOOstations on there! Sure hopethe tes t continues every year!"-K90L L." Wish I had su bmitted my records last year. I enjoyed the can·tes t a grea t deal. One o f the best. I think! Certainly morecontesters this year. Hopefully, it will gro w in popularity whilenot challenging in simplicity and good ooeretors. 11 was zerodegrees or less and had about 1S" of snow. Mademy new 160antenna plans impossible. "-N8AKY.

• •

"II

W3YOZ preparing for the big even t. Photo represents onlyone o f three verticals mounted in the river with extensiveradia l systems. Th is station was 5th in the world and highscorer in the 3rd calf district.

73 Magazine . November. 1981 133

-

' World hig h score

121

8583411

81193565222232

11221

744

553334433211

1

32

6445544

75555524

2629

2

4642454541424235372831362628303022

45364142363121218

4337363131263524

59543510

2415154514951695121 0114510301050920895650500490450345345140

244014701090925945850510450

4833092993392422292062101841791301009890896928

48829421 818918513010290

17.255 11913,485 87

20 2

185,955122,055113,620100,00573,81072,13561 ,80046,20039,56034,01026,00023,50016,66013,05010,69510.3503,220

217,500 580 290072,675 255 127561 ,425 195 97553,200 190 95048,760 184 92024,320 128 640

9,100 65 3253,840 32 160

270 9 45disqualified (excessive power)

202,52070,56051 ,23036,07534,02022,10021,93013,950

CallW4CN'WA9EYYWOflBNCWDCBRDW9ZXKA9F

CONTEST SUMMARYThe Top Six on 160

SINGLE OPERATORCall State SCore asos Points States Provinces CounlrlesW8LRL" WV 363,625 775 3875 48 7 15KOAF CO 333.660 804 4020 48 8 9WBtcMM CO 256,880 676 3380 47 8 7W9RE IN 224,960 592 2960 46 6 8W3YOZ MD 217,500 580 2900 45 6 8AA1K CT 202,520 488 2440 43 7 11

MULTI-OPERATORState SCore asos Points Slates Provinces CounlrlesKY 226,525 697 3485 47 6 4IL 193,475545 2725 46 7 6KS 176,985 513 2565 47 7 5NE 169,750 485 2425 47 8 5IL 120,725 439 2195 44 5 2IL 120,000 375 1875 42 4 6

AV "FL'FLKY'VA'VAGA 'TN'VAVAVAVAsc·GAGAGATN

NY"NY'NJ'

Vr­NH"ME 'MA 'VTMAMA

State/ProvlncelCountryCT"

N4KGW4PZVN41NW840SSW4WWQN4UUW4VKKN4ARON4CMJN4CJWB4ZPFN4MMW4TWWN4DMSWQ4RCON4WZK4ZGA

W3YOZ MO"W3BGN PA'W3DHM PAAE3T PAK3LGC DE'KB3MI PAW3AJS PAK31XO MO'W3 1CM MDWB3GCG MD

K2DWIK2SJ BW2CC

Cali

AA1 KWB1 GQRW1WCRK1NBNWB1HIHK1LPSK1K NQW1BB

FINAL RESULTSSECOND ANNUAL 16().METER PHONE CONTEST

Final results are listed In order by callslgn, state, province or country, score, aso points, asos, states,provinces, countries worked. (.) = State/province/country wInners; (•• ) = District winner.

SINGLE·OPERATOR CLASSSCore asos aso Points States Provinces Countries

lucky, had a clear-cut vic­tory in the multi-operatorcatego ry w it h a score of226,525 poin ts. This teamwas followed by second­place finis her WA9EYY andhis multi-operator assistantK9ZDN wi th 193,475 poin ts.Unlike the race in the sin­gle-operator category. thedifference in this heat wasobviously the QSO count. Amargin of 152 QSOs sepa­rated the first- and second­place stations, while thesecond-place station led inprovinces and countr iesworked .

This yea r's mul ti-op ef­fo rt was a surprise to us all.We hope this success willbe incent ive enough formore sta tions to come o utof the woodwork, join thefun , and challenge the com­petition on 160!

John Summach VE3MFAfrom Burlington. Ontario,Canada. was high scorer fora ll of Canada with 444QSOs and 142,080 points.leading the single-ope ra to rcategory fo r OX stat ionswas C6AOV with 171 QSOsand 49.590 points . ZF20Xand multi-op crew KOGVBand WAOOXZ led in theircategory for OX stationsw it h 241 contac t s a nd73.505 points total.

Evidently propagation toNorth America wa s not inthe Europeans' favor. asOF2lM and SP5lX I both re­ported making contacts on­ly within the Ea sternHemisphere. We're as op­t imistic as they are, howev­e r; they'll be back next yea rto try again as condi tionswill improve. won't they?

Sort ing through all thestatistics by computer, wefo und K0RF lead ing t hepack with the most QSOs(604), followed by W8LRLwith 775 stations worked .Other ent ries with 300 ormore contacts included :W 4CN (697); WB0C MM(676); W9RE (592); W3YOZ(580); WA9EYY ( 54 5);WD0BNC (513); AA1K (488);WD0BRD (485); N4KG (4B3);KCBP (457); VDM FA (444);

134 73 Magazine . November, 1981

CANADIAN STATiONS (SINGLE·OPJ

142,060 444 2220 4394,140 284 1420 3636,355 169 845 3135,690 166 830 3619,845 147 735 1718,135 117 585 273,515 37 185 133,400 40 200 131,450 29 145 9

W5lKPAE5HWD5DVDW5VGCW5GW DW5S0D

K6SEAE6UKK6CW6WBYW6TYRWA9WAC!6

N7DFWB7FDQK7VICN7AMKA7BTQW7UlCN7AKUAK7HAK7Fwrro

W8lAlW8XVKcaPKBBACW8GI0W8QBFKBBHWK8IPN8BJQK8EXFN8BJUKBCUW8I MW B8AYW

W9AEK9QllWAMVlJ9W9UPN9GTWD9l1XK9BGWA9FTUWA9AHUK9GDF

KllRFWBtlCMMKACYKACMWB0UFl

VE3MFAVE1BNNVE1BWWVE4W RVE7FAOVE5XUVE1BPYVE2DZEVE7FBS

TX· •MS'LA'NM'MSTX'

CA· ·CA'CACACACA

UT· ·AZ·MT"WA·10 ·OR"NV·WAWAWY .

WV··OWMI'OHWV ·OHMIOHOHMIOHMIOHMI

IN"IL ·ILWI·IN'ILILILILWI

CO··CO·IA·MN"IA

Ont"NSCoI·NBrun·Man·BC·Sask·PEl·Que·BC

101 ,520 282100,345 32924,990 11916,660 985,750 502,700 30

113,520 344102,480 33649,720 226

6,480 812,310 331,350 27

135,600 412105,385 34774,715 29368,850 27068,080 29643,460 212

9,620 747,280 564,770 53

30 3

383,625 775135,680 424134,015 457110,745 32 1110,400 36658,800 24541,830 17826,320 11225,215 12311,220 6810,230 629,000 607,150 6S3,300 30

224,960 592138,040 406123,690 39999,125 32587,450 33059,565 20935,500 14223,110 12613,860 99

50 5

333,660 804256,880 676

92,055 32330,995 15111,745 81

14101645595490250150

172016801130405165135

20601735146513501480106037028026S

15

3875212022851805183012258905BO615340310300325150

29BO20301995162516501045710630495

25

402033BO1615755405

424433332318

46423216108

4243413439342319152

4744454543383634373128292120

464747444339413425

2

4B47463929

65

1

574

12

66454

4343

755654541

22112

666443333

8852

676744641

843

54

2

1

442411

1

1553642231

1

8535252

972

582

2

W9ZX (439); W8VX (424);N7DF (412); K9QLL (406);WA0AVL/9 (399) ; K A9 F( 375); W8G IO ( 366);W B7FDQ (347); K65E (344);A E6U (336); N9GT (330);AE 5H (329); W9UP (325);KA0Y (323); KB8AC (321);W4PZV (309); K9ZU H (300).

Our only disappointment(other than a disqualifica­tion whi ch was made) wasthe represen tation fromsome of the Canadian prov­mce s. W it h t he rul e schanged to their favor fromlast year, we were expect­ing a greater turnout in thispart of the continent. Outof a maximum of twelveprovin ce s and territoriespossible, only nine wereever heard on the band ,eight of wh ich were loggedby the three zero-land sta­t ions-K0RF, WB0CMM,and WOOBRO.

Speaking of multipliers,all f ifty (50) states wereheard on the band at onetime or another. Yes, con­trary to the belief of someeas t coaste rs, Hawaii wason there in full force (whyno entries, though, felias?),as was the state of Alaska .Of course, for the sake ofthe contest, Hawai i andAlaska coun ted as OX mul­t ipliers!

Fo r the most statesworked, K0RF'scall pops upagain, leading all other con­testants with 48 statesworked-a clean sweep!O thers record ing forty (40)or more states were: W 4CN.W9LRL, WA0AVL/9, K9QLL,WD0BR D , W D0 BNC ,W B0CMM (47); N 4KG ,K6 SE, W A9E YY, W9RE,KA0Y (46); W 3YO Z, N4CQ,N41N, KB8AC, KC8P (45);A E5 H , W8VX , K9ZU H,W9UP, W9ZX (44); AA1K,WB7FDQ, N9GT, VDFMA(43); ADT, W4VKK, N4U U,W4PZV , W5 LK P, A E6U,N7DF, N8A KY, W D9GGY,K A9F (4 2); W 3 D HM ,W4WWQ, K7VIC, K9BG(41); and ZF2DF (40).

W ith fif teen (15) coun­tries to his credit, W6lRlwas clearly the OX king as

73 Magazine. November, 1981 135

Quad (1)3-Element Vertical (1)t nscaae (1)Hytower Vertical (3)Miscellaneous Verticals (21)fnvert ed-L (11)Tee Vertical (3)Delta l oop (1)Shunt-Fed Tower (3)Receiver l oop & Preamp (5)

Inverted Vee (20)8Q.Meter Vee wltuner (3)2·Element Phased Verticals (3)Beverage (19)2·Element Quad (1)Zepp (2)l ongwire (12)Sloper (12)Dipole (12)Marconi (2)

Table 1. Antennas used inthe 160-Meter Phone Con.test.

OX STATIONS (SINGLE·OPJ

C6ADV Bermuda " 49,590 171 855 33 4 7DF2lM West Germany' 11,700 78 390 10HP1 XRK Panama " 6,460 34 170 17 7SP51XI Poland ' 360 8 40 3

MULTI·OPERATOR STATION RESULTS

W4CN KY' 226,525 697 3485 47 6 4WA9EYY IL ' 193,475 545 2725 46 7 6WDflBNC KS ' 176,985 513 2565 47 7 5WOIlBRD NE' 169,750 485 2425 47 8 5W9ZX IL 120,725 439 2185 44 5 2KA9F IL 120,000 375 1875 42 4 6N4CO NC ' 90.750 275 1375 45 3 6K9ZUH IN" 90,000 300 '500 44 4 4ZF2DX Grand Cayman' 73,505 241 1205 40 3 6WD9GGY IL 70,250 281 1405 42 5 1N8AKY MI' 63,700 2W '300 42 4 1KBCFU/4 NC 60,090 238 1190 34 4 4WA2GZB NJ' 56,925 207 '035 39 7 3N9AW WI' 48,840 222 1110 37 4 1VE6ANC ALB 7,650 85 425 11 4 1

MULTI·OPERATOR PARTICIPANTSWA2GZB and WB20l0W4CN, AC4A. WD4ARQ, N4DUH. KA4DWX, KA4FJJ , WD40SN , WA40EJ, NF4R. K4TXJ, KD4U.

N4XMN4CQ and WA4UNZVE6ANC and VE6BMWN8AKY and WDBNlE, KA8lDOKBCFUf4 and WA8VDC/4N9AW and WA9TZE. K9BED. KA9GAZ. KA9FZIKA9F and WD9IHI . KB9JT. KA9GGM, KA9GGl, KA9ICT, WA9NXMWA9EYV and K9ZDNWD9GGY and WD9BHKK9ZUH and WB9PXRW9ZX and W9MWKWDrlBNC and WArTKJW~AD and WBtlIBT. WBIlIJlZF20X and KIlGVB, WAflJXZ15

Alias 350-Xl (1)Collins 75A3 (1); 75A4 (1); KWM·2 (1)Drake T4X (2); T4XC (10); T4XB (10); TA7 (7); A4A (1); R4B (10);

R4C (8)Heat hkit HW-12A (1)lcom 701 (1)Kenwood T5-1805 (4); TS-830S (4); T5-52OS (9); T5-820S (4);

T5-82O (1); T5-520SE (1)Signal One CX7A (1); CX11A (1)Yaesu FT·l01Z0 (4); FT·901 OM (7); FT-l 01E (4); FT·l 01EE (3);

FT·l 01 EX (1); FT·l01O (1 ); FT·l 07M (1); FT·301 S (1); FT·301SO (1);Fl-101 (1)

Table 2. Equipment used in the 160-Meter Phone Contest.

W9ZX was among the top five mult~op sta tions. Achieved439 contacts and 120.725 points with the dedica tedassistance of W9MWK.

each of them could havewon an award to hang o nthe wall and boast about!

After the big event is all

us again next year andhopefully this time we cantalk them all into submit­ting an entry. Just think,

muda, Panama, DominicanRepublic . Netherlands An­tilles. Venezuela, Hawaii,Alaska, England , Isle ofMan, Northern Ireland .Nethe rla nds, Aust ra lia,Wes t Germany. Po la nd,Mexico, Peru , and , ofcourse, the United Statesand Canada. All we need todo now is convince thesetop-band DX stations to join

well as being the overallwinne r of t he contest ,Other DXaccomp lishmentswith 5 or more count ries:AA1K and W4PZV(11 coun­tries total); DF2LM (10);N4 1N, K0RF 19t. VE1 BNN,W3YOZ, N4KG, W5LKP,W9R E (8); C6A DV, HPl XRX,W80CM M (7); W3 D HM,N4U U, N 4CQ , K B8AC,KA9F, WA9 EYY Z F2DX(6) ; W3BGN, W4VKK ,W4WWQ, K6SE , W8VX,W9UP, K9 Q LL, WD\lBRD,WD0B NC, VE3MFA (5) Anaddit ional 33 entries rna n­aged to verify four or lesscountries each.

This year 21 countrieswe re re presen te d d u ringthe contest, another greatsu rp rise we neve r expected.Contestants logged suchcountries as San And reas.G rand Cayma n Isl a nd s.Bahamas, Pue rto Rico, Ber-

136 73 Magazine· November, 1981

over and everyone has sub­mitted his entry, one of themost interesting pa rts of thecontest commi ttee's job isto tally all the equipmentand antennas used by thecontes ta nts. We get the big­gest kick out of the lameduck excuses some peoplewill use for not getti ng on16O - for yea rs ha ms havebeen saying it required toomuc h real esta te o r it re­quired a special home-brewrig of some fas hion. We ll .for the second yea r in arow. we have the results toprove all that is a bunc h ofhogwash. look at the statsfor yo urse lf. Most of theantennas yo u see listed inTable 1 were e rected o nsmall city lots.

Now take a look at theeq uipme nt in Tab le 2. It'san old wives' ta le; I don'tsee a home-brew rig in thebunch (I take that back-.modified He a th k it HW­12A).

It' s been a great contest;we have Dan WA2GZB andEd K3 IXD, both members ofour contest committee, tothank fo r that. This dedicat­ed pair has been with thecontest from the very start.Both were inst rumental inass ist ing me back in ea rly1979 when we burnt themidnight oil trying to estab­lish the rules fo r the eventwe've a ll experienced here .Both have ag reed to be withus again next year for t hethird annual event, which Imust rem ind you is justaround the corner.

Help us pass the word fo rour next big event in Janu­ary! Will W8 lRl win again?Will K0RF take it all or willW7RM, W7WA, and W2 PVcome out of the woodworkand surprise us all? Wehope that whatever hap­pens, it will be a fun t imefor us all as the FCC has justannounced the relaxationof rules governi ng 160 oper­ation. Who knows, we maysee DXCC in a weekend be­fore it is all over! I'll bepruning and tu ning; how'bout yo u?

73 Magazine. November, 1981 137

-

QRP AMATEUR RADIO CLUBINTERNATIONAL,INC.:

A HISTORY AND ITS AWARDSPROGRAM

Q AP Amateur Radio Club In­ternational, lnc ., wa s founded in1961 by K6JSS as an crcenue­non for the growing segment ofamateurs wh ich enjoys the cnal­lenge of running low power.

The club's principle 01 helpingred uce rnterterence on crowdedbands is reuectec in it s motto:Power is no substitute for skill.QAP AA Cl's power limi ts are 50Watt s output on CW and 100Watt s PEP output on sideband.althoug h its off icially recoq.nuec del inition 01 low-poweroperat ion is the internationallyused live Watts output on CWand ten Watt s output PEP onsideband. The c lub does not eo­vocate the reduction of powerlim it s authorized by any nation,however.

QAP AACI has a ccmorenen­stve awards program, holds tn­l orma l monthly QSO parties thef irst Sunday, spon sors two for­mal QSO parties (one in thespring and one each lall), soon.sors weekly national and region­al phone and CW nets, joins withother QRP groups in activities.and publishes QRP Quarterly, anewsletter rich in technical ar­ticles and news 01 QRP-relatedevents and act ivit ies.

Forward your list 01 contactsalong wi t h a large sett-ee­dressed st amp ed envelope(3'h" x 9") to the fo llowing ad­dress. For eign stations mustprovide 2 l ACs to substi tute theneed for a stamp for overseasmailing : COMPU·WAAD Pro ­gram, 2665 North Busby Road,Oak Harbor WA 98277.

MICRO "1I0'" INC "Pkt.8U.-TlI

-"-Ho. St.6"""oof E~f'ODf110"'" " 'v.....,

5..-. B, o.u., "",A._ II...

1",_"",'od £_110 1.0 ('_,... ,oft.od

r'__~""" &II..a_

A_ 1l1oo1l 00U """Towrol-'o440 _ .,n.../I-,

~.~--.•'''''''''''1•

COl\IPU·WARD

•

.- ..--,.,...- _....,

just like a newspaper column,most 01 the lime with justuiedmargins and lines.

To be valid, all contacts mustbe made on or after January 1,1980. Two awards are being 01·fered (fee: (1) HF Bands-29.7M Hz and be low; (2 ) V HF/UHF-50.0 MHz and above.

All contacts must be made onone or any combi nation of thefollowing modes (including anymodes authorized by the FCCsince the release of this an­nouncement): AnY, CW, SSTV,and ASCI I. Crossmode commu­nications will not be recognizedlor this award program.

Single-band and mixed-bandendorsement s will be given ineach band segment (HF, VHF,UHF, etc.). Cross-bend opera­t ion will only be accepted lorOSCAR contacts. OSCAR con­tacts will be recognized as aVHF/UHF accomplishmen t eventhough some downlink signalsare heard on 10 meters. Con­tacts through repeaters are alsoacceptable.

To quali fy l o r either COMPU­WARD: Applicants with a com­puterized station 0 1 his or herown must contact a m inimum 0115 other computerized stat ions;applicants without a computer­ized station of his o r her ownmust contact a m in imum o f 25computerized stations.

To apply lor COMPU-WAA O,prepare a list o f contacts inpref ix o rder. List each callworked, mode utilized, trequen­cy or band 01 operation, andsta te whether you do or do nothave a computer which youused to make these contacts.Do not send OSL cSfds! Haveyour li st 01 contacts verif iedby a local amateur or radio clubotucrat

11 W8AKS!6

COMPU-WARQ is sponsored byMlcro-8O Incorporated (all em­ployees are licensed amateurs) .COMPU·WARO is available freeto all li censed amateurs andshort wave listeners thoughoutthe world. Emphasis of thisaward Is focused on the ad­vancement 01 both the amateu rradio and computer hobbiesthrough demonstrated excel­lence in the art o f computerizedcom munications.

Sta tions applying for t heCOMPU·WARO mayor may nothave a computerized stat ion 01his or her own; however, it mustbe emphasized that all stationscontacted must be computer­ized! The contacted stationmust have his transmitter inter­faced with a computer such as aTRS-5O, Apple, Pet , Heathkit,Atari, etc .

You might ask how to know ilthe stations are computerized ornot. The lirst answer is obvr­ous-ask! More routinely, now­ever, you will be able to easilyidenti fy a computerized trans­mission. The CW sent will be ab­sol ute ly fl a w less- p erf ec tweighting of the characters andeverything. The only thing thatmay throw you will be memorykeyers. Most generally a stationwill mention the fact that he orshe is computerized when hetells you the equipment he is us­ing. On Rny , the copy will be

10WB9WFZ

District Endur.nce Award(TImes In Minutes)

5 WA4ZLZ (54)6 GI4KCE (8.3)7 WA2MCE (54)

9WB8LSV

1 AJ8L (SO)2 WL7ACY (55)3 WB6CDMn (12)4 WA3PMln (36)

Ten·Meter OX Decade Award

oxCaplt.ls of the World

12 WA2SRM 14 DF7QO 160E8MOK13 WA2YEX 15 VK6YL 178P60V

Specl.lty Communlc.tions OX Award

1 W20DA (RTTY) 5 WD9G RI (RTTY)2 WBIJQCO (SSTVj 6 WB6COM (RnY)3 WB7BFK (RTTY) 7 N3AKO (AnY)4W~D (ATTY) 8 DU1EFZ (RTTY)

73 MAGAZINE AWARDS PROGRAM

AWARDSBill Gosney KE7CMicro-80, Inc.2665 North Busby RoadOak Harbor WA 98277

FREE OPERATING AWARD

Not many things in life areIree these days. Boy, isn't thatthe truth ! The expen se of admIn­istering an awards program isno exception. The sponsor ofthis next award, however, isabout to change all that .

Read the rules very carefully.All amateurs are eligible andcan easily qualify with tne sta­tion they now have! Though theawards program focuses oncomputer operation in the ama­teur bands, the applicant doesnot have to own a computer toqualifyl Confused?

The sponsor recognizes thefact not all amateurs own a mi­crocomputer (recent surveys in­dicate only 20% do). All of ushave been exposed 10 one onthe air several t imes the pastcouple years, probably withouteven knowing it. The emphasisof this award, therefore, is towork other stations who arecomputerized, whether your ate­lion Is or not.

Still confused? Perhaps therules o f the award program willclarlly any areas 01uncertainty.

As publicized in over 25 ind iovidual amateur rad io pucuce­none throughout the world, the

138 73 Magazine . November, 1981

leading CRP ARCI's awardsis the popular KWIM Award, orthe tbouaanc -mttes-oer-w ettcerti ficate. as it is known. It isavailable to any amateur tran s­mi tting from or receiving the Sig.nets o f a low-power station such

ing with the c lub's main c ejec­tive of showing how the use oflimited power permits maximumenjoyment of amateur radio ,mi ni mizes i n t er f ere nc e oncro wded bands, and olfers oper­ators a genu ine challenge. AsORP ARCI's malta says: " Poweris no substitute for sk ill ."

Additional information on theextensive awards program canbe had by sending a large SASE10: Doug Crittendon we1ESN,33 Taylor Street, Pittsf ield MA01201.

FUll in lormat ion on club mem­bersh ip, wh ich is available todomestic and fore ign amateursat a moderate, one-time initia­tion fee and an even more rea­sonable annual renewal thereat ­ter, can be had by sending anSASE to the secretary-treasurer,Edwin R. l appi WD4l00, 203l ynn Drive, Carrboro NC 27510.

Trad itional CRP frequenciesare: CW - 18 10, 3560 , 7040,14060, 21060, 28060, 50360; / _/'phone-1810,39B5, 7285, 14385 ,.(.~ __2 1385, 2888 5, 50385; Nov­ice-3710, 7110,21110,281 10.

CRP Amateur Radio Club In­terna tional officers as o f April15, 1981 , were as fo llow s:Thomas W. Davis K81F, Presi­dent , 11729 Merr ima n Road, li­vonia MI 481 50; Robert l. JenksK7ZVA. Vice President, 11714Masonic Road, Tacoma WA98498; Edwin R. lappi WD4l00,Secretary-Treasurer, 203 l ynnDrive, Carrboro NC 27510; Fred­erick W. Bonavita WSOJM, Pub­licity, Box 12072, Capital Sta­t ion, Austin TX 78711; WilliamDickerson WA2J OC, ContestChai r, 352 Crampton Drive,Monroe MI 48161 ; Doug c rttten­den WB1ESN, Awards Chai r, 33Taylor Street , Pittsf ie ld MA01201 ; Peter N. Spotts N1ABS,Ed itor, QRP Quarterly, 140 War·ren Street , Needham MA 02192;Richard A. Crowell W4WCW,l egal Officer, 803 Oak PlazaRoad, Kingston TN 37763.

ORP Amateur Radio Club ln.ternational has revamped itsawards prog ram to ref lect triter­nationally recog ni zed tow ­power levels and has named anew awards manager and secre­tarv-treescrer.

" We are going to can all100-Watt awards," sa id ThomDavis K8IF, presiden t 01the c lubwhich celebrates Its 20th ann t­vereary this year.

With one except io n, OR PARCl's board of d irectors hasapproved c hanges ellec t iveJune 1, 1981, requi ring awardsto be based on a power outpu t ofnot more than five Watts CW orten Watts PEP on sideband. Theorganization previously alteredawards with an opt ional powerlimit 01 up 10 100 Watts input forCW o r 200 Walts PEP forsideband.

The restruct uring is in keep-

that the Great Circ le dis tancebetween the two ends, when di­vlded by t he power output ,equals or exceeds 1,000 milesper Walt. Additiona l cert ificatesmay be earned on differen tbands and with different modes.

DXCC-ORP, as its name im­plies, is awarded to any amateurstation for conf irmed contactswith stations in 100 o f theARRl' s approved co un tr ies.ORp·W AS is available to anyamateur for conf irmed contactsin each o f the 50 United States,and ORP-WAC goes to any ama-

teur lor conf irmed contacts witha stat ion in each 01 the sixcontinents.

For each of the above awards,Ihe following ru les app ly:

1) Power outpu t may not ex­ceed five Walls CW or ten WattsPEP on sideband.

2) Since members' C RP num­bers are not made avai lab le bythe c lub, it will accept as prooffor any club award a OSO with aclub member giving his/her QRPnumber and power level In thelog data. Otherw ise, a QSl card

73 Magazine. November, 1981 139

•

The Pennsylvan ia Award Series

The Pennsylvania Award is aseries o f f ive awards being 01·fered by the lake Shore Arne­teur Radio Associat ion:

The Pennsylvan ia C itiesAward is issued lor working 10citi es in Pe nnsy lvania . 01course the cit ies must be thosewh ich are the largest Phlladel·phia, PittSburgh , Erie, Scranton,Allentown, Aeading, Harrisburg,Bethlehem, Altoona, and Chest­er. OX stat ions need only work 8of the cities and may substit utewukes- Barre, lancaster, York,and Johnstown.

The VHF Award requires six(6) contact s with any Pennsyl­vania stat ion on si x meters andabove. Pennsylvania stat ionsmust work 25 stations in 15counties. The rest of the US andCanada must work 20 stat ionsin 10 count ies, while OX stat ionsmust work at least 10 stat ions in5 counties.

The Novi ce Award requiresamateurs of the state to work aminimum of 25 other Novices in15 counties; the ba lance 01 theUS and Canada must work 20Novices in 10 counties and OXstat ions must work 10 Novicesin 15 counties.

The YL Award requires 25Pennsylvan ia Yl s be worked in15 counties lor tnose living inPennsy lvania. All others in theUS and Canada must work 20YLs in 10 counties, while all OXstations, includ ing Alaska andHawaii, must work a minimumof 10 Yls in Pennsylvania in am in imum of 5 Pennsy lvan iacou nties.

The Mobile Award requiresthose amateur s in Pennsylvaniato work a minimum of 25 fellowPennsy lva nia mob ile s in 15count ies. The balance of the US

The l ake Erie Award

This award is issued for work­ing counties bordering theshores 01 lake Erie. There areth irteen (13) counties involved inthe four (4) states of New York,Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Michl­gan. They are Monroe andWayne counties in MiChigan,Chautauqua and Erie countiesin New York , Erie county inPennsylvania, and Ashtabu la,lake, Cuyahoga, lorian, Erie,Sandusky , Ottawa, and lucascounties in the state 01 Oh io.

LAKE SHORE ARA AWARDS

The lake Shore Amateur Ra­dro Assoctancn has informed usof two very unique award s beingmade available through their or­ganization. Let's look at boththe l ake Erie and the Permsylva­nia ser ies awards respect ively.

Amateurs in either of theabove four states must work allfour states and 10 of the 13counties to be eligible lor thisaward. The rest of the US, andinclud ing those stat ions withinCanada, must work 6 o f the 13count ies in only 3 of the 4represented states.

There is no starting time norare there any endorsements lorthis awards program. SWl ste­tions may also apply lor th isaward on a heard basis.

Send no QSl cards; merelyhave your list 01 contacts veri­fied by at least a couple ama­teurs and forward it with anawards fee o f $1 .00 in US tunesor 5 lACs. Mail your applica tionto: David Maynard WA3EZN, 304Barker Street, Girard PA 16417.

cer is: Fred Bonavita W50JM,PO Box 12072, Capital Station,Austin TX 78711 .

-

For additional information,the c lub's public relations offt-

they must be accompanied bysuff icient postage.

The only c lub award to be" grand lathered" in during therestructuring of the program Isthe QRP-25Award.lt is issued toany amateur who works 25 QRPARCI members, and endorse­ment s are available lor 50, 100,200, and so on in mult iples o f100. Associate members musthave been run ning 50 Walts out­put or less on CW (or 100 WallsPEP on SSB) to qualify.

To apply lor any of the club'saward s, send copies 01log data,QSls, or a GCR list plus powerand mode used by all statlonstogether with two dollars or tenIRCs to the new awards cnau­man: Doug Cr ittenden WB1 ESN,33 Taylor Street, Pittsfield MA01201 .

QAP AACl 's sec retarv-trea­su rer, who has add itional infor­mation on membership, is Ed·win A. Lappl WD4l00, 203 lynnDrive, Carrboro NC 27510.

/I. HI£V .. NT ATlfl(;,UE. -

tl.....,

1000 -MILE-PER-WATT

-

6) Under the General Cert ifi­cate Rule, award sponsors willaccept as proo f of conf irmedcontacts and that claimed aSLsare on hand it the list is (a) sign­ed by a rad io club official , (b)signed by two ama teur raoto c c­erators of General class or high·er, or (e) signed by the applicantwith his/her signatu re notarizedand attesting that the cat.s areas c laimed. If QSls are sent asproof and are to be returned,

is needed tor conf irmat ion .Copies of cards or a General cer­tif icate Rule li st are acceptable.

3) Spec ial endorsement sealsare available on awards lorwhich power output on bothends 01 the contac t was withinthe QAP limit s set forth in 1Ftabove.

4) An all-one-band or -mcoe(AOBM) endorsemen t also isavailable on request and if sup­ported by log cete, aSLs, orGCR list.

5) A ll awards are endorsed lorpower used and whether " one­way" or " two-way."

140 73 Magazine . November, 1981

,

the USSR in the European te rri ­tory) and the USA (except Alas­ka and Hawa ii) must work (or lis­ten to) at least 2 different sta­tions operating from the Vati canState. AI present there are onlythree li censed stations: HV 1~N .

HV2VO, and HV3SJ .

Stations outside the above­ment ioned countries must work(or hear) at least one HV stat ion.

The applicant must prove therequ ired ccntecusj by sending aphotocopy of the oats receivedfrom Ihe HV stations during thisperiod .

The application must be sentbefore December 31, 1983. Thismust be addressed with theabove-mentioned documents 10 :Radio Vaticana HV1CN, CiliaDel Vaticana, Europa.

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RADIO VATICANA AWARD

The Radio veucena on the oc­eastonof the 50th anniversary ofits foundation issues an awardavailable to licensed amateursanywhere in the world under thefollowing ru les:

Con tacts with stations in theVatican State must be madeduring the period starti ng fromOctober 1, 1981 on any amateurband I rom 315 MHz to 144 MHzand any mode (AM, SSB, CW,RTTY) including cross-band re­lay and mixed. Th is period endson February 1, 1982.

Stations in Europe (includ ing

Send an SASE to Calvin G. LaddW 5FX , 109 E. M yrtle Dr. ,Midwest City OK 73110, lor aQSL card.

The Mayf lower II.

•

SUBMARINE EXPEDI TION

The Choctaw/Muskogee Am­ateur Rad io Clubs are planningan expedition to the su bmarineUSS Batfish. Using the canstcnW5FX, they will operate on No­vember 13 from 8 to 12 pm andNovember 14 from 8 am to 4 pm.CW operation will take place 22kHz above the Extra c lass ba ndon 80. 40. 20, and 15 meters.Phone frequencies are 3805.7168, 14230, and 21268 kHz.

PEARL HARBOR STATION

and Canada must work 20 mo­bile stations in 10 counties,while DX stations have to workonly 10 mobile stations in 5count ies.

There are no endorsementsissued for any 01 the l ive Penn­sylvania series awards. There isno time limit. To Qualify for theaward, have your list of contac tsverified by at least two amateursand forward it to the awardsmanager along with an awardfee for each award in th eamou nt of $1.00 to defray cost01 adm inistering the program.Ma il your applicat ions to: DavidMaynard WA3EZN , 304 BarkerStreet, Girard PA 16417,

The Pear l Harbor SubmarineBase Amateur Radio Stat ion,KH6SP, wilt operate the week·end of 4 December 1981 inrecognit ion of the fortieth anni­versary of the Japa nese attackon Pearl Harbor on 7 December1941. Operation will be on twen­ty and f ifteen mete rs SSB ap­prox imately 20 kHz inside theGeneral phone ba nd and on CWabout 40 kHz up Irom the band 1620.The Wh itman Amateu r Ra·edge. A certificate a SL wi ll be cno Club wa s established inprovided for amateur contacts 1965. Club officers hope theand an SWL certi ficate lor SWL Thanks g iving Day specialrepo rt s . QSL to KH 6SP o r events stat ion will become a re­KH6BD, the station cu stodian. 90 Iar part o f the co mmunity's

i'h o liday celebration.

SPECIAL EVENTS STATION, To receive a certificate, sendPLANNED AT II /Proof o f contact and a large

PLiMOTH PLANTATION, V (9x 12) seu.aooressec stampedTHANKSGIVING DAY envelope or $1 .00 to Whitma n

A special event s stat ion trom Amateur Rad io Club, Box 48,Pl ym o uth . Ma s s ach u sett s Whitman MA 02382. Hours lor(America's Homet own) will be thi s event will be 1400 to 2Q(X)

sp on sored by t he Wh itman UTC. Frequencies to be used:Amateur Radi o Club and PIi· 1400 to 1500 UTC, 21,260 (Eng·moth Plantation on Thanksqiv- land only); 1500 to 1700 UTC,ing Day, November 26, 1981 . !" 7.280 ~ aRM; 1700 to 2000 UTC,

An attractive certi fica te suit- 21.385:to a RM.able for fram ing will be issued to For addi tional inform ation ,any (fo reign or domestic) ama- co ntact Ed Hommel KA 1CZS,teur who makes contact with Wh itman Amat eur Radio Cl ub,this station, which will operate BOll: 48, Whitman MA 02382 orfrom 9:00 am until 3:00 pm. De- Rosemary Carrol, Plimoth Plan­pending on weather condit ions. tenon. Bo x 1620, Plymouth MAmembers of the Whitman c lub 02360, (617)·746·1622.will operate the stat ion from adockside location near Mayflow·er 1/ on the Plym outh waterfro nt ,or from an indoor site near themuseum's 1627 Pilgrim Villag e.

Plimolh Plantation is an un­usua l li ving h ist o ry mu seumwhich depicts li fe in 17th cen­tury Plimoth Colony. Its sites m­etude the 1627 Pilgrim Villageand Wampanoag Summer Settle­ment, and Mayflower II, a replicaof the type of ship that broughtthe Pilgrims to the NewWorld in

73 Magazine . November, 1981 141

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RIl-61B 3 ' . 3 ' .. '- --ST-77B ...- ...,.,,, 3 ~ ·.3 '1\ · "

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W,lson Sy"ems use. a hig h ",e ngfh ~a,bon " eel l u be m anu f a~ l u '&d espe~iall y for Wilson SY$!e ms. Ii i.25% st ,onge. t ha n ~onventionel pipe . T he l u bin\l si,. uHd it. 2" & J Y,, " •.095; 4l'.r ~ & 6 .. ·, 8.. · .134.All t ub.n \l is ~old d .p \Ialvenued , Top w<:t.on •• 2 ·' 0_0 1o, p'o per '010' and anlenna moun!in\l.

The T T ·4SB and MT ·618 CO me comple t e with house b,ackel a nd h inged base I/Iate fo ' against ·housem o u nti n\l_ F o . l o tall y freestanding installal ion . u. e ei l he , o f t he filf -owe. ba.... shown b.low.

r1' .. r

",,--1'00,

•

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ST·77B Features: Min. Height: 22'

Features: Ma ... Height :.61' • W eighl: 250 Ibs.

Min . Height: 23'Wllich : 1200 fbs.

MaK. Height : 77 ' .,) 6' Weight: 450 Ibs.Cable: 4200 Ibs.

Min. Height : 24 ' "'--- .. Winch: 1200 [bs. No Gcvs reQuired

Weight: 700 Ibs. Cable: 4200 lbs. when mounting

Winch: 1500 Ibs . c e against eve ofNo Guys req ui,ed ,,hou eCable: 6400 Ibs . w hen mounting '- , •• 0.0_

ReQuires RB-77B & against house. ~.For completely

will be lota lly FOi c ompletely freesta nd ingfreestanding freestanding in· installation, use

Recommended statlanon. use • RB-45B Of FB-45B

Ro to r : High Gai n AB-61B or below .Ro to--Bra ke FB·61 B below .

The ST ,118 cannol be m ounted again$! Ihe h o use and mu" be ..sed w ll h the . o t at '"9 hlt....... b_RB·n B .hown below.

Til ling me to w\:,r owe, IS aone-man task With the WII·son bases . IShoWfl above ISthe AB -61B Roto r ,s '101Incl ude d I

"

al86 5 " 01.... A •• l ... v ..... "' ....d. II!110l

The R6 Series was deSIgned to ,th e Amall~u , who ....anlS t he addI'd co nvemeoce of be ing able 10

wOlk on the ro tor from theground oosmoo. ThiS seri es ofbases Will g've that ease p lus ro-tat e the complete to""",' and an·tenna svstem by the use 01 aheav y du ty th rust bearing at t hebase of the to wer moun tlOg ocs..non . whrle st ili be IOg able to ttltthe to~r over when des..,ng tomake changes on th e antennasystem,

RIJ.45B .. 1441bo.. .'289 "'-JRIJ.8IB •• 229 _ ••'379 " ,-_

RB-77B .. 300 Ibs.. •'56 9 9 S

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The F 8 Serres was ~19ned 10provide an ecoooro -cer method ofmovong thl! to wer away fro m then euse I I w ill support the tower ona cornpterelv frl!'e~landmgverl;calpos, I,on , wtllie al so haV ing thecapabili ties of I,l t,ng the towerover to provide an easv access 10

the an tenna , The roto r mounts atthe top o f the tower on t h e ce o­ventlonal manner . and Will not r o­tate the complete tower .

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Featured is t he Wilsonlarge d iameter High.Qtraps wh ic h w ill maintainresonant points withvarying temperatu res andhum idity .

Easily assem bled . theWV·1 A is su pplied witha hot dipped galvanizedbase mount bracketto attach to vent pipe o rto a man driven in t hegrou nd .

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a_MInI,lu,m"m _ ,",PutG,.,,, (d BdIVSWR til ,..""anteImpedance ,FIB R."O

ELEMENT 1-CROSSWORD PUZZLE(lIIustration 1)

ELEMENT 2-ALPHABET GAME

Complete the rune words below by placing letters ot the alphabeton every dash. Use each leiter only once. The leiter " K" is not used.

34) To wer and mast35)8ig _

J K l MW X Y Z

Down

1) HT and mobile2) Great noise3) WA3AJR's sheepskin4) SHF feed5) Received (abbr.)6) line

11) Professional person Iabbr.)12) Opposite of out13) Oscillator type (abbr.)15) RTTY circuit (abbr.)16) A preliminary t reat ise (abbr.)17) Many mobile wh ips use a

loading one18) Antenna spokes24) Egypt prefix26) A ham'S den29)160 meters: band30) Connection point31) an-meter rhombic, lor in­

stance33) Differential of power (abbr.)

G H I

T U VABCDEF

N 0 paR S

11 _A _E _21 _P _ L E3) A _ R A _41 _U A _5) _A _ _ N

6) _ E_P71 __ T C _8) HE L __9)R E _ L OR

101 _ROU _D

Across

1)Olten contused with long.wire (2 words)

7) Russian "yes"8) TV villain9) Amplificat ion plural

10) Antenna perpendicular tohorizon [abbr.)

12) Old professional orcenue-t fon (abbr.)

13) A junction14) Antenna cylinder system17) Splices19) Ham appellation (abbr.)20) Antenna deterioration21) Morse Question mark22) Oah's partner23) Signal attenuation along

leedline25) Movable switch part27) America (abbr.)28) Some regard antennas as a

work of this30) 540-1600 kHz (abbr.)32) 14 across measurement

John Edwards KI2U78-56 86th StreetGlendale NY 11385

FUN!

ANTENNAS

Antennas have always been a sore spot with me. I mean, you prob­ably think that someone who writes a monthly column for 73 hassome sari of lancy array on 10, 15, and 20, and nothing less than fullrhomblcs for 40 and BO. Not quite.

My OX antenna is a TA·33 Jr. with a reflector element thai refusesto remain horizontal. I should fix it , but three famities (two 01 the birdvariety, one spider) would suddenly be rendered nestress. Foreclos­ing on somebody's home is not my forte.

My 40-80 meier antenna system is even funnier. Actually, It's asystem in the truest sense ottne word. You see, it starts in the Iraniof my attic, runs through the house to the back attic window, acrossmy backyard where it swings around an abandoned telephone pole,t raverses the backyard once again, and te rminates along the eavesof my fair abode. On the air, I call it a "doublet ," since the lead-injoins this contrivance somewhere near the middle of its journey, but" unusual" may be a more apt description. As far as the radiationpattern goes, let's just say that on a good day I can actually hear sta­tions on eastern l ong Island. Once, I even got a 57 from a guy inHick sville.

From time to time, whenever I say or write something a particularperson finds objectionable. he'll threaten to " pin" my coax. " Finebusiness," I say, " A dead short may just improve my signa!." Facedwith this unexpected react ion, I'm usu ally left unmo lest ed .

Illustration 1.

144 73 Magazine. November, 1981

ELEMENT 3-SCRAMBlED WORDS

Unscramble these words associated with antennas.diclroer moab nidmowptctrosct rceracec gainpscrotwe oreca zolatipanori

gaiy

ELEMENT 4-MATCHING

Match the definition to the antenna.

Column A

1) Voltage-fed Hertz antenna using a two­wire tuned reeder attached to one end ofthe radiator.

2) Directional antenna made up of seve ral par­allel tubes or wires. One element is a d rivenradiator, another a parasitic reflector, andthe remaining element(s) are parasitic di­rectors.

3) Omnidirectional antenna consisting of ametal disk attached to a metal cone.

4) Diamond-shaped, non-resonant antennawith directional characteristics. Uses a non­inductive resistor at its fa r end.

5) center-tee sing le wire that 's one-naif the op­erating wavelength.

6) An elongated cone-like antenna, composedof parallel elements attached to cylindricalsupports, center-ted.

7) Broad-spectrum antenna with element spec ­ing and lengths that Increase logarithmicallyfrom one antenna end to the other.

8) Large number o f vertical radiators fixed ina plane.

9) A number of connected parallel wires ar­ranged around a circu lar spreader.

10) Antenna composed of a Coi l wound aroundan element .

Column B

A) DisconeB) SausageC) Log indentD)ZeppE) CageF) Ferrite rod

G) Vag i or beamH) BeverageI) CurtainJ) Log periodicK) Dipole

Continued

30) Golden31 ) Air-to-air missile (abbr.)32) Alphabet: 10 minus 1, 13,and

13 plus 734) Top skip

fIIus tration 2.

312-459-5760

Model 1738Internal backlight /Aluminum

and Poly case /Por1able$34.95 (plus $3.00 shlpp,ng)

14) Up and down baker17) Hiram (abbr.)21) Mast girth (abbr.)22) Topic synonym25) Before brid27) Finn ish exclamation28) Wireless speech (abbr.)

Independent Military OptionMilitary time format c locks by Benjam in Michael. Independent o f powerlines these units are energy eff icient, secure, and free to provideaccurate quartz controlled time in any setting. Used by the Military andU.S. government agencies as well as many municipal law enforcementand public safety departments, these units won't quit just becausecommerc ial power did.

Exercise your independent mil itary option now.

~~wkJt\\~VuM65 E. Palatine Road INC.

Prospect Heights, IL 60070I V/S.4' !

Model 173DMDual, independent crccxsrsonc walnut easelFunct ional and beautiful$69.95 (pi uS $3 ,00 shi pping)

10) Antenna posit ion 10 tower12) Hello? Hello? (abbr.)

ELEMENT 5-CRYPTIC CROSSWORD(JIIustr.tlon 2)

Think our usual month ly crossword is too ea sy? Try th isone on forsize. We call it a cryptlc crossword because of the c lues we give you:very vague, extremely ambiguou s. Think you can handle it ? Well,you better have a superb background in antennas, ham rad io , elec­tronics, and Iil e.

Across

1) 3-D antenna2) Slashing skyhook3) Angry old society (abbr.)8) Alphabet: 15, 14, and 99) OSCAR farewell (abbr.)

11) Zil ch13) Join15) UA assent16) TA-33 's junior17) Antenna soar18) Extended 119) Don Ameche's un it20) Metal-oxide, reverse (abbr.)22) SW-BC syslem (abbr.)23) Barry's locale (abbr.)24) Detection and rang ing25) Bangkok beginning26) Pardon29) Antenna inventor33) Struck34) Lotsa (abbr.)35) The DX hunt36) Burning trap description37) Straight up skyhOOk38) Fundamental beam sub·

stance (abbr.)39) Here

Down

1) Radius vector-tv2) Relating to U on CW3) Antenna g lows4) Fail5) Off-center antenna6) Line direction9) Shoes

73 Magazine· November, 1981 145

·,

Illustration 1A .

THE ANSWER S

Element J:See Illustration 1A.

Element 2:1-WAVES, 2-JPOlE, 3-ARRAY, 4-QUAO, 5-BAlUN, 6­l EPP, 7- MATCH, 8-HELlX, 9-REFLECTOR, 10-GROUND.

E/ement 3:(Reading from left to right) director, boom, windom; isotropic,parabola, spacing; tower, cable, polarization; yag i.

Element 4:1-0, 2-G, 3-A, 4-H, 5-K, 6-E, 7-J, 8-1, 9-8, 10-F

Element 5:See Illustrat ion 2A.

SCORING

Element I :Twenty po int s tor the completed puzzle, or V, point lor each ques­tion correctly answered.

Illustration 2A.

E/ement 2:Two points tor each word.

E/ement 3:Two points for each word unscrambled.

Element 4:Two points for each definition matched to the correct antenna.

Element 5:Twenty points for the completed puzzle, or V, point for each ques­tion correctly answered.

Do you know beams from beans?

1-20 points-You'll use a random wire 'til the day you die.21·40 points-You actually believe that mlnl-beams get out as

good as a monobander.41-60 points-You'll always be sale and comfortable with your

vert ical.61-80 points-You have a 40-fool tower with a meenoer.81-100+ points- "Antenna Farmer."

CONTESTS

Robert Baker WB2GFE15 Windsor Dr.Ateo NJ 08()()4

•

IPA CONTEST

Contest periods are:ooסס to 0300, 0700 to 1000, and1400 to 1800 GMT on both days,

November 7 and 8

T he International Po liceAssociation Radio Club (iPARC)United States Section is spon­soring this year's contest. Par ­ticipants are eligible to work theSherlock Holmes Award (SHA)and the contest is open to all re-

ore amateurs and SWls. Use allbands on ON and SSB. No cross­band or crossmode contacts arepermitted. For a contact to bevalid, one of the two stationsmust be an IPARe member.Each station can only be workedonce per band.

EXCHANGE:

Non-members send RS(T) andserial number. IPA memberssend " 'PA," two-letter state abobrevretton. RS(T), and serialnumber. US stations will alsosend two-letter state ebbrevte­t ion.

FREOUENCIES:

ON--3575,7025, 14075,2107~28075.

SSB-3650, 3n5-38QO (Euro­pean OX), 7075, 14295, 21295,2!1650.

SCORING:

Every completed aso counts2 points on 80 and 40 meters, 8points if OX on 80 or 40 meters,and 4 points for all contacts on20115/10 meters. The multiplieris the total number ollPA coun­tries and states worked perband.

For IPA members only, an IPAcountry and each US IPA statewill be counted for multiplierand QSOonly If an IPA station inthat country/state has beenworked. asos with exec coun­tries or US states which are not

146 73 Magazine . November, 1981

MONTANA. USA

ENTRIES AND AWARDS:

Eac h IPA m ember , non ­member, and SWl with the high.est score wil l receive a certif i­cate and will be honored in theAward Chron icle of the Intema­ncner Poice As sociation RadioClub. Entries must be pest­marked no later than Decemberat at an d sen t to : IPA RC,Thomas D. Jenkins WA8VDC,3327 Cloverdale W.B., MonroeMI 481 61 USA.

Copies of the SHA rules,IPARC Wor ld Membership list,SHA applicat ion sheets, or con­test log sheets are also avail­able If you send an SASE to theabove address.

listed in the IPARC membershiplist count only 1 point and do notcount as a multiplier.

ost, OFTHE MONTH: WA1JXN

This distinctive aSl card reflects WA1JXN 's enthusiasm for two meters. There are eight 19-elementc ushcrett Boomers fed with gas·fliled heliax line. Here is how l ance got this dramat ic shot: " I shot aphoto o f my 2-meter antenna at night with f loodlights, using h igh-speed film. After printing it on high·cont rast paper (116), the Image was reversed to make it look positive (again on h igh contrast paper). Theresult was a ready·for.print ing p iece o f artwork.

Note the detailed information about VHF propagation modes.If you wou ld like to enter the contest , put your aSl in an envelope and mail It along with your choice o f

a book from 73's Rad io Bookshop to 73 Magazine, Pine Street, Peterborough NH 03458, Attention: e st,of the Month. Entries which do not use an envelope (the Postal Service does occasiona lly damage cards)and do not specify book choice will not be considered. Sorry.

WA lJXN Conhrms aoo wlth _ .

at GMT on.__ _ 19 ..

Freq: _ MhZ. Slgs: .

Mode. CW 0 sse 0 AM n FM 0PropagatiOn: E.M.E. 0 lone SCatter 0

Tropo 0 E Skip 0 Aurora 0Meteor scene- 0 ....._...... .. 0

Preamp I ccoveetee.Receiver; Drake R4-8 D 0Transmiller: Heath SB-100 0 _ _ 0

58-500 with 4CX250 'maiD

Ampl,l ier. _ _._ Watts

Antenna: 8-19 etement Cushcraft Boomers 'edWith nilw gas tte'liVI and phased With ~W 75 ohmCATV hardlllle 0 .._.._.._ _ __.._ _ _.. 0

POSTCARD

contact s are not valid. Operat·ing categories include: A-sin­gle operator, all bands; B-s in·gle operator, one band; C-mul­n-coeretcr, all bands. Any sta­t ion operated by a s ingle personobtaining assistance, such as inkeeping the log, monitoring otn­er bands, tuning the transmitter,

PlACE

STAMP

HERE

terent from the AARlzones l Fora list and map of the ITU zones.send 2 IRCs to the enlry addresslisted below.

SCORING:

Each aso counts one point,or 3 points II w ith an OK station.Final score is aso points times

etc., Is considered as a multi­operator station. Club stat ionsmay work in category C (mull i­op) only.

EXCHANGE:

RS(1) and 2-dlglt number In­dicating the ITU zone. Pleasenote the ITU zones are quite dif-

lat 47"'2'54~ N .long: 11"-15'20"" W.

Tel: (406) 626-5721

o PSE osi. TNX 0

L-.ce Colis..,P. O . Bol. 243F ....K:hlown., Monw..USA 5""

FREQUENCIES:

SSB-1825, 3790-3840, 7165­7250, 14180-14300, 21150-21300,285OQ..28700,29600 FM.

CW - 30 kHz above the bet­tom o f each band.

Send all applications to: In­dependence aSl Party, Box 550,SI. John's, Antigua, WI.

INTERNATIONAL OKDX CONTEST

Starts: ooסס GMT November 8End s: 2400 GMT November 8

Partic ipating stations workstations o f other countries ec­co rd ing to the official DXCCcountry li st. Contacts betweenstat ions of the same countrycount only for mufupnere, buthave no aso point value. Eachstation may be worked once oneach band. Use all bands, 160through 10 meters, on phone orCWo Crossband or c rossmode

ANTIGUA & BARBUDAINDEPENDENCE aso PARTY

Starts: ooסס GMT November 7Ends: 2400 GMT November 8

The members of the AntiguaAmateur Radio Society are plan.ning a aSL Party to mark An­ti gua and Barbuda's indepen­dence. A ll amateurs are invitedto participate. For an attractivecert if icate, work four An tiguastations on any band and in anymode during the weekend. Thensubmi t a copy of your log shew­ing the ca ll sign, signal report,t ime of contact, and band. in­clude a seu-ecc reeeec envelopeand $1 .00 US to cover postage ofcerti ficate. The new operatingprefix w ill be V2A.

73 Magaz ine - November, 1981 147

CALENDARAntigua & Barbuda Independence aSL Pa rtyIPA ContestDARC Corona-1OoMeter RTTYOK OX ContestEuropean OX Contest-RTTYNorth Carolina aso Partyca Worldwide OX Contest-CWG·aRP·Club Winter SportsZero District aso Party73's 4Q·Meter Phone Contesl73's 80·Meter Phone Contest73's International 160-Meter Phone contestInternational SSTV Contest

the total number o f lTV zonesworked on each band.

ENTRIES:

A separate log must be keptfor each band and must containthe full data. The log must con­tain in its heading the categoryof the station (A,B,C), name,call sign, address, and band(s)used. Also show the total num­ber of contacts, aso points,multipli ers, and to ta l score.Each log must be accompaniedby the following declaration: " Ihereby state that my stationwas operated in accordancewith the rules of the con test aswell as all regulat ions estab­li shed for amateur radio in mycountry, and that my report iscorrect and true to the best o fmy belief."

A cert ificate will be awardedto the top-scoring operators ineach country and each catego­ry. The " 100 OK" Award may beissued to stations for contactswith 100 OK stations, and " S 6S" Awards or endorsements forindividual bands may be issuedto a station for contacts with allcontinents. Both awards will beissued upon a written apphca­tlcn in the log and no aSLs arerequired. Logs must be cost­marked no later than Decemberatst and sent to: The centrarRadio Club, PO Box 69, 113 27Praha 1, Czechoslovakia.

DARC CORONA H)·METERRTTY CONTEST

Contest Period:1100 10 1700 GMT November 8

This Is the last of four testsduring the year that were spon­sored by the OARC eV to pro­mote RTTY activity on the

Nov 7-8Nov 7·8NovSNov8Nov 14-15Nov 14·16Nov 28-29Dec 26-31Jan 2-4Jan 9Jan 10Jan 16-17Jan 16-17

to-meter band . Use the recom­mended portions of the to-meterband.

EXCHANGE:

AST, aso number, and name.

SCORING:

Each station can be con­tacted only once. Each corn­pleted 2-way RnY aso is worth1 point. Multi pliers inc lude theWAE and DXCC lists and eachdist rict in W/K, VENO, and VK.The final score is the total num.ber of asos times the total mul­tiplier.

AWA RDS:

Plaques will be awarded tothe leading stations in eachclass wi th a reasonable scorepresent. Operating classes fn­elude: Class A for sing le orrnutn-co. and Class B for SWLs.

ENTRIES:

Logs must contain name, call,and full add ress o f part ic ipant .Also show class, times in GMT,excnenqe. and linal score .SWLs apply the rules according.Iy. Logs must be received wi thin30 days alter the test. Send allentr ies to: Klaus K. z tersk!OF7FB, PO Box 1147, D-6455Erlensee, West Germany.

NORTH CAROLINAaso PARTY

1700 GMT November 14 100200 GMT November 15

1200 GMT November 15 toOHIO GMT November 16

This year 's party is againsponsored by the AlamanceARC and has been expanded toinclude new categories andawards. The same station canbe worked on each band and

mode. Crossband and repeatercont acts are not permitted. NCstat ions may work each otherfor aso and mult ip lier credit.

EXCHA NGE:

RS(T) and NC county or ARRLsect ion.

FREQUEN CIES:

55 B-3980 , 7280 , 14280,21 380, 28580.

CW-3560, 7060, 14060, 21060,28060.

Novl ce/Tech-3720, 71 20,21120, 28120.

VHF- 5O.05O, 50.110, 144.050,144.200.

SCORING:

Ne stations count one po intper aso and multiply total bysum of ARRL sect ions (73 max­imum) and NC counties (100maximum) worked. OX contactscount only for a so points.

Others count 2 po ints per NCcontact and multlply total bynumber of NC counties worked(100 maximum).

AWARDS:

1982 US Callbook and cer­ti fica te to overall top NC andou t-of -s t a te single-operatorscorer. Certificates to top scorerin CW, SSB, mobile, VHF, andNovrcerrecnnrcren categories ineach ARRL section and NCcounty. Name of top AlamanceARC member added to perpetu­al trophy.

ENTRIES:

Send logs and summarysheets showing essential de­tails and certification. Includetwo ta-cent stamps for resu lt s.Malling deadline is December12th ; send to: Bob Wang Ka4M ,PO Box 777, Hillsborough NC27278.

EUROPEAN DXCONTEST-RTTY

Start s: ooסס GMT November 14Ends: 2400 GMT November 15

Sponsored by the DeutscherAmateur Radio Club (DARC).Only 36 hours o f operations outof the 48-hour period are permit­ted for single-operator stations.The 12 hours of non-operationmay be taken in one but notmore than three periods at anytime during the contest. o pe-at­ing classes include: single-oper­ator , all band and rnulti-cpera-

tor, single transmitter. Multl-op­erator, single-t ransmitter ste­t lons are only allowed to changeband one t ime within a 15-min­ute period, except lor making anew multiplier. Use alt amateurbands from 3.5 through 28 MHz.A contest aso can be esteb­nshec between all cont inentsand also one's own continent.However, a sos and aTC trafficwith one's own country is notallowed! Each station can beworked only once per band .

EXCHANGE:

Exchange the usual siX-d igitnumber consis ti ng of RST andprogress ive a s o number start­ing with 001 .

SCORING:

Each aso counts 1 point.Each aTC (given or received)counts 1 po int. Mult ipl iers willbe counted according to the Eu­ropean and ARRL countries lis t.The mu lt iplier on 3.5 MHz maybe multiplied by 4, on 7 MHz by3, and on 14 through 28 MHz by2. However, contacts within thesame continent only cou nt as amultiplier o f one per band (in.cluding 80 and 40 meters). Thef inal score Is the total a s opoints plus a TC points muttl­pli ed by the sum total multip li­ers.

OTC TRAFFIC:

Add itlonal point credi t can bereal ized by making use of thea TC traff ic feature. A OTC is areport of a confi rmed asc thathas taken place earlier in thecontest and later sent back toanother station. The generalidea is that after a number ofstations have been worked, ali st of these stat ions can bereported back during a aso withanother station. An add itional 1point credi t can be claimed foreach station reported.

A a TC contains the time, call,and aso number of the stationbeing reported, I.e., 13OO1DA1AA1134. This means that at 1300GMT you worked DA1AA and re­ceived number 134. A aso canbe reported only once and notback to the originating station.A maximum of 10 orcs to a eta­lion is permitted. You maywork the same stat ion severalt imes to complete this quota,but only the original contact hasOSO point value. Keep a un ilormli st of aTCs senl. aTC 317 In-

148 73 Magazine· November, 1981

NEWSLETTER CONTEST WINNER

The winner lor the fourth month 01 73 Maga zine's ClubNewsletter Contest is Squelch Ta le, published by the ChicagoFM Club. The jUdges were impressed by both the inlorma­tlcnat content and the newsletter's eyecatching appearance.Once a publication'S staff has gathered all the club news,technica l artic les, and advertising, their job has only begun.Creating an appeali ng look is one way to encou rage readersto look at each and every page of the newsletter. Even if yourclub has a shoestring bUdget, there are several inexpensive,simple ways to gain that professional look.

The simplest method of generating the first draft lor anewsletter is on a typewriter. Obviously, an elect ric machinewi th a good ribbon will generate nicer copy than an inexpen­sive manual typewriter. You can go an ext ra step and "wordprocess" the contents of your nex t news letter. A word pro­cessor is a computer-based system that allows a user toorganize, edit, and print out the copy in exactly the form youwant. Corrections don't require messy correction flu id; youjust backspace and retype th e correct version. As a bonus,most word-processing systems will allow you to ri ght just ifythe printout. This means that both th e left and right sides of acolumn will line up, just like the text In th is magazine. Wordprocessors are becoming common fix tures In many ollices.Perhaps a club member with a microcomputer can help youout. The club should supply Its own paper and spring for anew ribbon now and then.

If your club won Field Day, you would want to tell the

world-somehow typewriter-sized print wouldn't do the jobvery wel l. Headlines that have a bold, yet pleasing ap­pearance can be made from dry transfer lettering. Art supplyand sta tionery st ores usually have several sizes and styles tochoose from. Each headline and article can be prepared ln­dividually. Then the pieces are combined into one-pagelayouts, much as you would assemble a puzzle. This process,known as paste-up, will have a great influence on the final ap­pearance. The t ime and money spent here will have a directreflection on the end result. You r local library shou ld have abook that discu sses the detail s o f production, or you can getsome advice Irom the experts at a printer or copy shop.

Newsletters like Squelch Tale have a carelully consideredlayout that is consistent from issue to issue. The material isnot crowded, nor is there a lot ot whi te space. Each issue Isheaded by the newsletter logo ; once you get a good logo youcan use it again and again. Short filler items can be used to fillthose corners that are lett over. You can even incorporatesome flashy graph ics on the part at the newsletter where th eaddress and postage go.

There are several ways that a newslet ter can be repro­duced. Very small organizations probably can get away withphotocopying. The next step up is spi ri t duplicating andm imeographing. For slightly more money, you can use o ffse tpri nti ng. You provide a clean, sharp origi nal lor each page inthe news letter. The printer uses these to make Inexpensive" plates" that go on the press. The o llset method gives youtotal control over the layout ; changes can be made by pastingnew material over the old. If your budget permits, offset print­ing will allow you to incorporate two or even three colors ofink. And, lor the special occasions when only photographswi ll tell the story, you can get c risp bteck-and-wtute reorco uc­ti on.

To produce a too-notch newsletter, the staff needs tw okinds of people. Besides the individuals wh o gather and editthe news, the staff shou ld have artistic types. Hopefully, yourclub can f ind a good printer to round out the group. Whenshopping tor a copy service, look at both price and Quality.Happy publishing!

HAM HELPdicates that th is is the 3rd seriesof orcs sent and that 7 asosare reported.

AWARDS:

Certificates to the highestscorer In each cteeettrcetron ineach co untry, reasonable scoreprovided. Conlinental leaderswill be honored with plaques.Certificates will also be givenstations with at least half thescore 01 the continental leaderor w ith at least 250,000 point s.The minimum requirements fora cert ificate or a trophy are 100osoe or 10,000 points.

ENTRIES:

Violation of the rules or un­sportsmanlike conduct or tak­Ing c red it for excessive c uplr­cale contacts w ill be deemedsufficient cause tor cnsquauuce­non. The decisions of the con­test Committee are final. Theuse 01 the log sheets of theDARC or equtvatent is sug·

gested. Send a large SASE toget the wanted number of logsand summary sheets (40 asosor aTCs per sheet). SWLs applythe rules accordingly. Entriesshould be sent no later thanDecember 15th. North Americanres idents m ay send their ap­plications and logs to : Hart w inE. Weiss W30G, PO Bo x 440,Ha lifax PA 17032 USA. Othersmay address entries to: Klaus K.Zielski DF7FB, PO Box 1147,0 -64 55 Erlensee , West Ger.many.

EUROPEAN COUNTRY LIST:

C31, CT1, CT2, DL, OM, EA,EA6, EI, F, FC, G, GC Guer, GCJer, GO, GI, GM, GM Shetland,GW, HA, HB9, H B0, HV, I, IS, IT,JW Bear, JW, JX, LA, LX, LZ, M1 ,OE, OH, OH0, OJ0, OK, ON, OY,OZ, PA, SM, S, SV, SV Crete, SVRhodes, SV Athas, TA1, UA 1346,UA2, UB5, UC2, UN1 , U05, UP2,UQ2, UR2, UA Franz Josef Land,YO, YU, ZA, AB2, 3A, 4U1 , 9H1.

I would like info on 10m FMconversions (except 73 art ic lesand K9EID's book), especiallyfor Japanese HF rigs; 29-MHzamplifiers; access details for 10FM repeat ers and the use ofCTCSS and toucntcne. A ll ret­ters answered.

Ash Nallawalla VK3CIT53 Chimslde Ave.

Werribee, Vic. 3030Au stralia

I need manuals and/or sene­mattes for the following pieces01 equ ipment : Nems Clarke,250-1000 MHz t uner , t y p e2501()()O.1; countermeasures re­ceiver, t ype 17A4, Genera l Elec­t ronics; Servo Corporation of

America VHF receiver, ModelR5200-A2; and Cohu Elect ron­ics, Inc., Kintel Divi sion erec­t rontc galvanometer, Model204A.

Robert Sondack VE2ASl260 Bellerive

SHuc, QuebecCanada JOJ 2AO

I wonder if anyone wouldknow where I can obtain a ci r­cuit diagram tor an Ech ophc neEG-1 wh ich wa s a popular rad iorece iver in 1938 to 1943 or so. IInot. co uld anyone supply the ad­dress o f a radio historical sect­ety? Thank you.

Warren Smith KH6AQ525 Pauku Street

Kailua, Oahu HI 96734

73 MagaZine • November, 1981 149

OKING WEST

•

8m Pasternak WA61TFclo The Westlink Radio NetworkSuite 7187046 Hollywood Blvd.Hollywood CA 90028

WHArS UP, DOC?DEPARTMENT

I can't go Into speci fic detailsat the moment, but suffice it tosay that the long-awaited "cleansweep" of our amateur bands ison to rid them 01 all sources 01will ful and malicious interter­ence. Actua lly, It sta rted to getup a full head of steam lastspring, mainly on the westcoast, but now reports are com­ing in thai dea l with the is­suance of warn ing letters, of­ficia l citations, and show-causeorders on a rather grandiosescale nationwide. To say thatthe FCC is on the warpath isdefinitely an understatement.

Since there wi ll probably beongoing litigation in regard tomany of the show-cause orders,I won't report on any specificcase at this time. I can say thatthe c lean-up is not being limi tedto repeate r Jammers and usersof foul language. Those who in­terfere with HF nets and otherorganized amateur operationshave also come under the gun ofthe FCC's enfo rcement branch.Nor do I foresee any end tothese rigorous enforcement per­teres in the near future. Also,most amateurs I have spokenwith are delighted at this turn ofevents. They fee l that It's abouttime that those who c laim toregulate our service show thatthey have the ability to maketheir rules stick.

But there is the other si de.Some of those the FCC ls clarnp­ing down on c la im that the Com­mission has no right to regulatewhat they say over the air, inwhat way they say it, or whothey say It to! In essence, theirclaim Is one of having " the rightto yell fire in a crowded theater,"and in their minds it becomesyour responsibili ty to ignorewh at they say. I've heard unccn­fi rmed rumors that a number ofthose served are banding to­gether, pooling financial reosources, and vowing a fight onthe matter to the US SupremeCourt . Other rumors say that the

American Civil liberties Unionhas been approached for repre­sentation on the basis that thecu rrent enforcement action bythe FCC violates various as­pects of individual c ivil rights.

And here's the funniest one ofall. Again, the rumor mill has itthat the majority of those now introuble with the FCC blame theARA L for their plight. , considerthis ironic In that the only thingthe League has done thus farhas been to fo rm another ad hoccommittee. If the League is re­sponsible for the clean-up, it'snews to those who are really theresponsible parties. Who arethey? If you have fo llowed thiscol umn for any length of t ime, Ithink that names and callsignslike Joe Merdler N6A HU and RayFro st WA6T EY are familiar.While the ARAL formed commit­tees, these amateurs and otherstook to the world of politics.They worked th rough their legis­lators to make enforcement ofthe amateur rules a top prioritywith the FCC. It has now be­come quite c lear that they havebeen successful.

The end of the fight to combatthe problem is not yet in sight.As has been heard on the hambands many t imes, by many ofyou f irst hand, jammers haveopenly stated that taking theirlicenses away won't keep themfrom jamming. And, as one ex­pert on the subject has said,"Don' t be surprised to seeth ings get a lot worse beforethey gel any better. It may takeputting one of these jokers be­hind Iron bars for a few years toget Ihe point ac ross that lawswere made to be respected andnot broken." I don' t see thingsgetting very much better In thenear future, but we can hope. Atleast an important first step hasbeen taken, but it's going to be along t ime before we really seethe li ght of day.

THE SCRRBA REPORT, PART II

Last month we began whatmight best be termed a m fnt-ser­tee about the future o f UHF vol­untary f requency coordinationin southern California, and theproblems being faced by thisarea's UHF coordination body,the Southern California Repeat-

er Remote Base Association. AsI said last month, this report,compiled by Gordon schres­singer WA6LBV of the SCRRBATech nica l Committee, may beprimarily d irected at the UHFsystem operators of this area,but it ho lds merit for any coor­dinator o r coordination council,especially those In the pos itionof having far more relay systemslooking for homes than channelpairs available. Basically, that'sthe problem lacing SCRRBAand many other coordination or­ganizations nationwide.

SCRRBA is not an organiza­tion known for chasing its owntai l. It is basically a very quietorganization that has historical·Iy taken a very methodica l ap­proach toward voluntary ccordt­nation. I suspect that is thereason for it s longevity and Itssuccess rate. Everything is care­fully researched. and this reportIs no exception. We continuewh ere we left off last month.

THE VALUE OF A SOUTHERNCALIFORNIA UHF CHANNEL

PAIR

A few areas o f the country li stonly one or two UHF channels Inuse in an entire state. In theseareas, coordination of a UHFchannel pair may well be as In­formal as telephoning a fre·quency coordinator and asking:" Should I use 449.100, .200, .300,or ADO?" A decision Is quicklymade and recorded.

In southern California, thosesystem operators wh o originallyobtained channel pairs for theirrelay stations from CARC ccor­dinators in the t960s and early1970s may remember that atthat t ime ou r coordination pro­cedures we re not much enter­enl. While even then there was asignificant populatlon of the440-450 MHz portion of theband, we were not yet near 197operational systems. At thattime the spect ru m appearedboundless, and coordinationwas an easy matter. A telephonecall would accomplish the pro­cess, and there was little if anypape rwork Involved; seve ra lchannel pa irs at a time could berequested , received, and"warehoused."

A current problem in frequen­cy ccorcmanon arises, however,because some of our systemowners have not yet realizedthat those golden days haveended. With our current massiveoccupancy of the band, everychannel pair is now Qu ite val-

uable. Every pair is in demand.Every pair has a potential appli­cant ready to establish a maoch ine upon It. The coordinateduse o f a UHF channel pair is nolonger a casual matter to be ig­nored or taken for granted.

There are t hree differen tgroups 01 mob ile relay systemoperato rs involved with UHF fre­quency coordination: operatorsof presently coordinated sys­tems, applicants for coordina­tion for new UH F systems, andthe SCRRBA Technica l ccmmtt­tee. Every grou p views the situa­tion f rom a different perepec­uve, although all have (or shouldhave) a common interest in see­ing the frequency coordinationprocess fro m the st andpoint 01each of these groups.

Some of the owners ofpresently coordinated systemsmay have the least accurateperception of the current state01 ou r band. In a sense, this isunderstandable. Many of themundertook coordination sometime in the past, perhaps morethan 10 years ago. They estab­lished their machines, have op­erated and improved them overthe course of the years. andsome have not kept In touchwith the progress In the cevei­opmen t of the band. Conse­quently, In some cases their no­t ions about band ut il izat ion areoutdated. Others, by contrast,have a very fine understandingof current t rends and problems.

THE APPLICANT FOR NEWFREQUENCY COORDINATION

The availability of program­mable scanners means thatanyone can develop a list of ap­parent activity on the 70-cmband. (Ed. note: This ho lds t ruefor 2 meters,6 meters with somescanners, and even 220 when aconverter is used ahead of theecenner.) New scanner ownerso fte n begin keepi n g "re­searched lists" showing, asbest they can determine, whichchannels are In use and howthey are identified. This mtcrma­tlon could be used to programscanners to li st en to "Interest·ing machines," but it can alsobe used as a guide to whichchannel pairs appear to be un­used. It 's therefore not surorts­ing that t he Techn ical c ommit­tee receives requests for exactfrequency pairs which are de­sired. However, the vast ma­jority of these requests cannotbe coordinated as requested.

The Technical Committee is

150 73 Magazine . November, 1981

well aware of the existence ofscanner-gen erated researchlists. From t ime to time wereceive copies of various ecn­none. The accuracy 01 theselists Is genera lly, at best, poor.Some 01 them are correct .. . asfar as they go, which is not veryfar at all. Others are grossly in­accurate, somet imes to thepo int of being laughable. A feware badly outdated. All attemptto give the appearance of being"serious ly pro fessional." Suchresearched lists, however, aretotally Insuff ic ient as bases forreasonable channel selection.Eff ect ive data, not obtainable bymonitoring, are mandatory forany accurate and effective coer­dinat ion act ion .

It must be stated that thechief function of the Technica lCommittee, as wit h any Irequen­cv ccorotnatron body, is to main­ta in an accurate, complete, andtimely record of all UHF relay ac­tivity in sou thern Cali fornia. TheTechnical Committee record wasInit iated by the inclusion of theold CARC UHF coordi nationf iles, which themselves were be­gun nearly 20 years ago. Tothose record s have been addedthe details of each frequency co­ordinallon which the TechnicalCommittee has performed, aswell as the corrections, dele­tions, and updates which wehave received.

The data base from wh ich theTechnica l Committee coord i­nates consists no t only of ac har t of f requency assign.ments, bu t also the completeset 01techn ical and operat ionaldata and histories for each relaysystem. Both parts are neces­sary for perform ing accurate fre­quency coordination; neitherpart by itself is sufficient.

The data base is not perfect.No tabulation of activity as di·verse as UHF mobil e relay Insouthern California can be. Butit is a data base which is ... andmust be far, far more accuratethan anything else available. 11Is, fundamentally, a da ta baseupon which frequency ccordtna­tion of addit ional systems intoan existing congested environ­men; can be performed, with aconside rable degree of ccnu­dence that the new station canbegin operation without creat­ing or experiencing substantialinterference.

The Tech nica l Committee hasseen some past Instances ofnew UHF mobile relay stat ionoperators , possessing copies of

researched lists (or under thecounseling of someone whodoes), merely selecting a " freepai r" for themselves and goingon the air without consulting thecommittee. The "sert-cccrdma­tion" obviously looked good, atthe time, to the individual whoperformed it , else why wouldthat part icu lar pair have beenchosen? Nevertheless, in an en­vironment as co ngested assouthern California UHF Is to­day (Ed. note: Also 2 meters and1V. meters), there are no longerany " free pairs." Ine vitably,there is another co-channel maochine somewhere else In the re­gion, and eventua lly the opera­tors of the two machines willd iscover each other. Problemsthen ensue, typically resulting ina la rge expenditure of t ime andmoney before a resolut ion is er­fecled. W ith over 300 relay ate­tions in operation, an initiallysmall problem in one corner ofthe region has the potential ofbecom ing a much larger prob­lem affecting a large number ofsystems and operators th rough­out all of southern Californ ia.Each system owner must rea lizethat he has a personal stake inthe entire coord ination system,a system wh ich is now too com­plex to be forgiving o f smalt er­rors or transgressions.

Each potential applicant forUHF (Ed. note: Or any) frequen­cy coordination, possessing aresearched list and tempted tobypass the usual coord inationprocess, must ask himself: " AmI performing coordination froma data base which contains atleast 320 separate entries?" ,and " 00 I have accurate tech­ni cal data for the relay stationson my li st?" If the answer is" no," then the individual mustrea lize, or be convinced, that heis operatlng from a position ofIgnorance and that his actionsare a potential threat to allmembers o f the UHF communi­ty. We can no longer to lerateself-coordinat ion; those daysare gone!

THE TECHNICAL COMMITIEEAND THE SCARCITY PROBLEM

(Ed. note: Here is the heart o fany vol untary frequency coorof­nation effort. It is the ongoingded ication of people who serveas coordi nators or commi tteemembers that pulls it all togeth·er. II they fall, It ' s a failu re for allamateurs in a given area. InSCARBA, we see the epitome ofa successful coord ination body.

Many o f those serving in its or­ganizat ional s t ruc t ure havedone so dating back to theCARC years. Building and nur­turing a successfu l cccrotna­non body takes t ime, dedica­tion, and understand ing. Thelack of abdication by those whohave joined with SCAABA isstrong test imony lor the peopleand princip les with wh ich theorganization was founded.)

The vast increase in the num­ber of coordi nated systems, to­gether with the relat ively con­stant demand for new channelassignments, has grea tly ln­creased the workload of theCommillee. Th is increa sedworkload is straining the Com­mntee's ability to provide accu­rate and t imely new coordtna­nons and has prompted the writ­ing o f th is special report.

While much of the Commit·tee's work Is done on a cont inu­ing bas is , including handling ln.comi ng and ou tgoing co rre­spondence, updating records,conduc ti ng band-monitoringstudies, etc., all actual coordina­tion ac tions are accomplishedonly at Committee meetings. Ithas been the Committee's prac­lice to try to meet relat ivelyolten in order 10 keep on top o fthe coordination applications.However, increasing ttave !costs have mandated some­what less frequent meetings. Inorder for the Committee to tunc­tron. members must assembleat one location. (Out here, thisusually means e ither LosAnge les or Orange County.)Members travel from as faraway as San Diego and SantaBarbara to attend; this canmean as much as 5 hours of driv­ing t ime for some, with no reim­bursement of expenses. SinceSCARBA coordination Is of thevo luntary, amateur-sponsoredkind , Committee meetings oc­cur at night or on weekend s.Every meeting enta ils loss ofleisure time which could bespent with famil y or working onradio systems.

Hand in hand with the occu­pancy of the UHF band (Ed.note: Again remember that theband in quest ion depends uponyour own part icu lar geographiclocality ... this is written in re­gard to southern California UHF,but in this regi on it could beapplied 10 10 meters, 2 meters,and 220. In a year or so, we

will apply it to six meters aswel l.) has gone increased lengthof Technical Committee meet­ings. Whereas it formerly re­quired 15 minutes to handle theaverage request for coordina­t ion , including selecting an ap­propriate frequency pai r and en­tering the act ion onto the coor­d ination data base, It now aver­ages one hour to do the samejob. While a few applicat ionscan still be handled in the pre­vious 15-minute period, othersmay require in excess o f 2 hoursif the applicat ion is a difficultone. Consequently, Commilleemeetings are always marathonaffairs.

SUMMARY TO DATE

In part s I and II of the SCRABASpecial Aeport , we have seenthe problem facing the coor­d ination body for one band ina highly populous geographicregion. First we had a generaloverview, and now we've had di·rect insight to the problems offrequency coord ination. Unlessyou have served on such a com­mittee (and your ed itor spent 8years wi th the Southern Califor­nia Repeater Association In var­Ious functions), you have noidea what performing ttus seem­ingly simple task entails. I knowwhat it is to give of my personaltime, do ing so week alter weekand year after year. I know first­hand of the hardsh ips involved inbeing a member... an act ivemember of such an organization.

I also know that it is impossi­ble for such organizations tomake everyone happy. The coor­dination process dictates thatsomewhere along the line someindividual or group will be un­happy if for no other reason thanthe channel pa ir they long topossess is already in use byanother.

Reality dictates that for a vet­untary coordi nation body to besuccessful, it must be preparedto face any eventuali ty. For in·stance, with many areas of thenation already saturated withFM two-meter act ivity, manymanufacturers seem intenl onmaking 450 the nex t b igVHF/UHF marketplace. There 'snothing wrong with this in mybook. as this is the name of thegame in our free enterprisesystem. But even they must beaccountable to the amateurs ofa given area, and there are somegeographic locations that do

73 Magazine· November, 1981 151

LEAKY LINES

not lend themselves to UHFtransient relay mobile communi­cat ion. Southern California isone 01 them.

Of the some 32(}.odd UHF re­lay systems now operational inSouthern California, only 13 are"open" or " public access," asSCRRBA refers to t hem. Ofthese, only 6 serve Los Ang elesproper. All the rest are " private"category machines that do not

Dave Mann K2AGZ3 Daniel LaneKinnelon NJ 07405

The editors of Q$T saw fit toinclude in the CorrespondenceSection of the September issuea letter thai really opens a can ofworms that needs to be exam­ined with care. The writer of theletter takes the position that theneighbo rs of an amateur are en­t itled to enjoy a vista unctut­terec by antennas. He equatesthis right wi th his own right to in­sist that nobody play loud rockmusic alter 1 o'clock In themorning. The comparison, asidefrom being both odious and root­ish, is mischievous and cancause trouble. For if ever we al­lowed ourselves the luxury 01bl it hely permitting such spe­cious arguments to be injectedinto the general question ofcommunity zoning, we would bebegging for the establishmentof highly dangerous precedentsthat could be used over and overagain by unsympathetic, hostilelocal government groups.

What possible analogy can bedrawn between noisy public dts­turbance s after m idnight andthe inherent right 01 the posses­so r of a federal license grant toexercise the privilege conferredthrough the issuance 01 the li·cense? There Is no analogy; thetwo are as unalike as bananasand stalks of celery!

welcome transient operatorseven if the transient happensupon the proper CTCSS access.I may be wrong, but unless somedrastic changes happen to thethinking of most UHF operators,changes I doubt will take placein the foreseeab le luture, I doubtif any major inroads will takeplace on 450 by the average hamIn this reg ion. The very structureof the band precludes it. The

The writer further states thathe purchased his hom e "know­ing lull well t hat no f lagpoles,clotheslines, garbage cans, oroutside antennas were al ­lowed." Not allowed by whomand by what sort of a covenant?If he Is relerr ing to the builder ofa development who establishessuch sanctions as an integralpart of his plans, then he is cor­rect. But in all other cases he iswrong. It may be proper for acommunity to insist upon cer­tain limits of one sort or another,based upon sound engineeringand salety, and upon avoidanceof property line Infringement,but it is Improper for the cern­munlty to condemn and outlawall antennas generically. Theterm is literally a catch-basin,tot all y unspec if ic . It runs abroad gamut, embracing any­thing and everything from thesimple dipole or whip throughyag is, quads, rhomb ics, longwi res, phased arrays of dozen oftypes and conligurations, andsome which have not even yetbeen devised! The sentencebetrays an as tonishingly naiveattitude that one would neverhave t hought would be ex ­pressed by any mature amateur.

In the first place, such diaal­lowances have been successtut­Iy beaten down in test alter testin the courts. Communities fre­quently attempt to sanction var­ious uses of property by owners.If the individual Is foolish andpliant enough to accept it wit h·out raising a rucku s, the town orcounty gets away with it. Sowhat this man describes as" knowing full well" is merel y anadmission that he is willing toturn up his toes and play deadfor the zoning board. He oughtto have written instead :

manufacturers of new equip­ment may and hopefully will findsuccess in other major markets,but I would not want to bet myadvertising budget on southernCalifornia. The place is just tooset in its ways.

But even SCRRBA recogn izesthis problem, il one deems it tobe a problem, and is planning onways to cope with it . SCRRBA is

" ... knowing lull well that thetown disapproved of antennas,but that this disapproval couldnot ete eo up il I chose to fightagainst it."

Now, in the metter of " lawsthat make others pay to preventour hobby from being a nul­sance to them:' the writer is en­tirely balled up. For years it hadbeen demonstrably evident thatthe manufacturers of TV receiv­ers, hi·fi units, and other elec­t ronic entertai nment deviceswillfully and deliberately cmtt­ted adequate filtering andshielding in order to make largerprof its. In a vast majority 01 cas­es Involving complaints o f RFIand TVI to the Federa l Commu­nications ccmmrssion.tne ama­teur stations concerned wereproven to be blameless, and thedevices 01 the complai nantswere shown to be at faul t . Fur­ther, it can be shown that literal­ly hundreds, if not thousands, ofappliances 01 every sort havebeen made and so ld which rad ioate interference in violation ofradio regulations. laws whichcompel compliance with state­of-the-art techno log ical stan­dards are not inappropr iate Inany way, for they merely forcemanufacturers to do what theyare supposed to do in the firstplace.

I am not being fract ious; I amjust growing a bit weary of thearguments 01 hams who ill-ad­visedly want to run and hide,who leelthat they would rathersw itch than fight, who think thatit is best not to make waves. Idon't know just how Importanthis radio hobby is to this parttcu­ler writer. But I do know that tohundreds of thousands 01 us itis very important Indeed. We arenot about to play the "shrinkingviolet" every time some local oo­Iitlcal hack or shyster waves anarbi t rarily written local ordr­nance in our laces and tnreet­ens us with dire consequences.We are willing to fight lor the

perhaps the most successfulvoluntary coordination body inthe nation mainly because theyhave an eye on that famed ex­pression, " Plan Ahead." We willconclude this three-part rninl­series come January, since nextmonth we have a special c nrtst­mas column lor yo u. Ti l lthen . . . . a Happy Thanksgivingfrom those of us who write thelate shift from Los Angeles.

rights conferred along with thelicense grant, a right whichgenerally supersedes the petty,picayune statutes formu latedby persons with neither any un­derstanding of the a ill of Rightsnor any inkling of the splendedrecord 01 public service and in·novatlve con tributions to the artof communications run up bythe amateur service.

Incidentally, I think it is some­what interesting, If only corner­dental, that the same issue 01QST carries an editorial on thesubject of RFI, as well as a re­port on a recent reversal on ap­peal where there had been aconviction on one of these ma­lignant regulations of which Ihave been speaking.

This chosen avocation of oursdid not arrive at its present stateo f populari ty an d growt hthrough the docility of a pack ofpassive dilettantes. We have along tradition of passionate in­volvement and dedication to ourhobby, notwithstand ing t hephlegmatic indiflerence of a fewamong us, wno.uke the writer ofthat leiter, not only back down inthe face of challenge, but alsoconvince themselves and at­tempt to convince others that itis right and proper to do so.

On the day that amateursbecome willi ng to accept the re­pression of our activities with­out a murmur, we will be wit­nessing the beginning of theend of ham radio. And If we everbecome resigned to the ideathat we exist merely through thesufferance of others, that ouroperation is contingent upontolerance from those who areprejudiced against us, then wewill richly deserve to be flushedright down the drain! Amongother qualities demanded of us,one that stands high is m il itan­cy. For just as In Iile In genera l,the continuance of ham radio at­so depends upon the exercise ofthe instinct for eeu.preeervencn

152 73 Magazine· November, 1981

DX

The only thing In the letterwith wh ich I agree is the last par­agraph, but even that Is some­what flawed because he Impliesthat we should be react ing topressure from the so-called antt­antenna movement throughtechnolog ica l growth. The teetis that such growth has alwayscome about through the naturalcuriosit y and Inventiveness ofthe amateur community ratherthan as a rea ction to thepressure o f ou tside forces . Th isprocess will continue. And theadversity posed by the act ivitiesof our foes will merely intensifyand reinforce It.

In passing, I must observe

r

Yuri 8 /anarovich VE38 MVBox 292Don MillsOntario M3C 252Canada

SALUTE TO CW

Who needs it? The answer is:you and everybody else. Why?Becau se it separates the hamfrom the rest of the crowd andall tnc ee big-mouth, never-shut­up screamers and list operators.Let's have a look at a few points.

1. CW is the most reliablemode of communication. It canbe copied at limes when evenSSB signals and other modesbecome unreadable. It Is qu itecommon to f ind that when theSSB signais are just fading ou tinto the noise, stat ions swi tchto CW and it is li ke magic-sig­nals are stili readable and thedi fference Is equiva lent 10 2-3s-unne. This is the reason whyCW Is used where there Is theneed to communicate at verylow signal level s, such as VHFmoonbounce, 160 and 80 eXlng,remote area n xoeottrcne. etc.

2. It takes a little bit o f devo­t ion and work to master the

that th is is the very urst time in along and rewarding relationsh ipwith the hobby that I ever heardof any amateur who equated" making the community morebeautifu l" with the eliminat iono f antennas! I never met a hamwho fa iled to view a fine enten­na install ation as a th ing ofbeauty.

Well, perhaps the answer Isthat th is part icu lar ham is not asded icated to the hobby as mostof us are. Say, listen ..• maybehe's a rea l-estate developer orthe owner o f a beachfront con­dominium bui lding . He suresounds like one !

Enough of this, except to rert-

speed. This Is what separatesthe true-blue ham from thosewho are in the hobby to messth ings up and deregulate it tothe 27-MHz "state of the art."

3. Some are saying that CW isthe oro-fashioned mode, cut­dated and dying. Well, I think weare in for big revival. It Is not dy·Ing; there are sti ll a number o fstations that can not afford SSBor more sophisticated rigs. andthey have to home-brew the irequipment. A CW rig is theeasiest thing to build. Now withthe explosion of computers, wewill see more and more opera­tors go ing ba ck 10 CW and awayfrom eu those li st undertakings.We can perhaps standardizeone or two speeds on CW and letthe computers talk to each otheror to people. The wonderfulthing is that they are compati bleand could be fU lly automated. Italso makes more sense 10 useCW than AnY or ASCII, mainlyfor Ihe possibility of co m­municating with those who haveonly ears. The present state o fthe art al lows us to use tair lysimple decoders and with theproper fi ltering and stability oftoday's rigs, il should be arelatively easy thing . Not 10mention that keyboards makethe CW mach ine quality perfectand easy to use.

4. Coherent CW is making itsinroads and is offering anotherabout 12 dB 01 signal·to-nolseadvantage. This o ffers anotherstep 01Improvement. By narrow-

erate my wonderment towardthe impulse that caused the05T editors to select this parti­cular letter out of the hundredswhich must arrive every month.Perhaps It was their way of play·ing "nevu's advocate" and theyhoped to provoke dialogue onthe subject. If this is so, then Ipolitely t ip my hat in their d irec­tion. For they have afforded mean opportunity to express somethoughts on it, 100.

I sincereiy trust that otherswill have detected the sou r notesin this masochist ic , sett-ttaqet­lating cantata of capi tulation toour adversaries. And i hope that

Ing the bandwidth on the receiv­er, we are making more room onthe band; steucns are able toget closer to each o ther.

5. There is a breed of opera­tors who are operat ing almostexclusively on CW, away fromthe lists, etc. You can't help butfeel much better when you tunedown be low the phone bands.The o ld ham sp ir it sti ll livesthere.

6. Numbers c t expeditionshave found that they can workthe stuff much faster on CWthan on phone. Sound strange?Not really. You can separate thestations much better on CW,especially when the pileupstend to get very heavy. With allthose compressors adjusted for20 dB of compression, there ismore crud on the band thanmodulation. Somet imes theycan even manage to QAM theirown signals. You can quite oftenhear t he background noiselouder than the actual opera­tor's voice.

So don't throw your key orkeyer away; whenever you feelli ke it , give it a try. Bes ides, anumber o f countries and expeof­tlons operate only CWo So beready when you need that one.

One note to CW operators:Some rigs have drive con trol onthe transmitter. It Is import ant toset the level just below the pointwhere there Is no more Increasein the transmitter power whenincreasing the drive level. It mayseem that it does not metter.since there is no more s ignal go­Ing out. It makes a big differenceon the signal quality; clicks andwide signals start coming out o fthe transmitter and give you abad Image among the fraternity.

there will be a flood o f letterswr itten to OSTIa belie the falsecontentions of the writer. Theymerit the condemnation of everyamateur who is Interested inpreserving ham radio and pro­tecting it from the sniping towh ich it is constantly exposed .The very notion o f bowing ourheads submissively and failingto fight against unfair antennasancllons shou ld be repugnantto every amateur. We must notallow ourselves to become sec­ond-class c itizens simply be­cause others happen to dislikeus or our chosen hobby. As theo ld British motto puts it: Letright prevail.

So be sensit ive to that level set­tlng and keep It clean!

Another note on the technicalside: Be aware 01 your frequen­cy . With the SSB rig s. good f il·tering and s ing le signal recep­tion , it Is Important to know IIyou are equivalent to USB orLSB on the f ilter. This Is impcr­tant for Ihe receiver calibrat ion,especially when you want 10operate close to the band edge.The best thing is to use the zero­beat frequency . Some rigs useUSB and some LSB lor CW, sosomet imes there could be overone or two kHz difference .

It is a lso importan t 10 knowyour transmitter o ffset on CWoMost rigs have offset around 1or 1.4 kHz. When you operatetransceive and you prefer tonearound 500 Hz, when you callthe stations you would be about800 Hz or SO out. If he is using asharp CW filter, he might nothear you , espec ially when thebands are crowded (more lmccr­tant In a contest !). The bestth ing wilh the transceiver is touse AIT with the receiver and o ff­set It In order 10 matcn the fre­quencies on receive and trans­mit. It Is not uncommon to f indsome stat ions o ff frequency byas much as 3 kHz. Most hard­core CW operators use a sepa­rate receiver/transm itter com­bination, and there you can tellexact ly where you are . So if youhave a transceiver, it pays to ttndout where your signal Is ontransmit, and If it needs adjust­ment, most rigs can be adjustedby trimming the CW transmitoffset capacitor.

Vince Thompson K5VT

Vince is a rea l de light forthose hard-core CW operators.

73 Magazine . November, 1981 153

-Vince is making an extensivelour through Alrica and has puta number of very rare countrieson the air. He operates justabout exclusively CW and theoperat ion is first class. Nowonder, he belongs to theFOC-the First Class OperatorsClub. He is working themlast-thai means at high ratesand good high·speed CWo Hefollows the propagation andtries 10 adjust his operatinghours so he can satisfy justabout everybody who needshim. He prefers the 15m bandand can be found around018-025lrom the band edges. Heusually operates split, listeningfrom 1 to 6 kHz up. aSL cards goto his home call, K5VT.

So far, Vince has put on theair the following calls: 7P8CF.90SVT , TN8VT, 9U5AV,S79WHW, S9Ver. Next on hisprogram were supposed to be:5V. 5U, TIa, and possibly others.

Bad tongues are saying thatVince goes to see the licensingofficer who is ill. Being a doctor,he "fixes" him and the rest is asnap-a license in hand for anotherwise inaccessible rarecountry. HI.

Vince is doing an excellentjob and has to be congratulatedfor true high-quality operatingand the choice of the countrieshe has activated.

Some Tips

How does one catch Vinceand others that operate in asimilar style? Here are somecrude recipes:

First you tune across theband and you usually spot thebig pileup. There is always areason lor that, so you can slartlooking for it. Most of the time,that reason is that rare OX isusually sitting a few (3·5) kHzbelow the bottom edge 01 thepileup. Then you have to starttuning very slowly and carefullyto lind him. Slowly, because heis usually coming back in shortbursts of calls and reports, andyou can very easily pass overhim. If you have a rotatableantenna, It is also good to knowwhere is he coming from so youcan get enough signal for thereceiver if he is weak (likeVU7AN). Once you have loundhim and know who it is, half ofthe work is done. If you needhim, then you have to do theother half-work him.

The most effective way 01 oo­ing that is to lind out hisoperating style or technique.

Where is he listening? Is he pick·Ing the calls randomly at dil·terent frequencies, or is he go·ing up the band or down? Try tofind the stations he is workingand establish the pattern. Onceyou know that, try to "tailgate"the last guy worked on the tre­quency or just slightly up ordown. With a reasonable signal,this Is usually the Quickest wayto work him. II is well worthspending the time to find out thepattern.

Or you can just piCk the fre·quency and keep calling until hefinds you. It is almost equivalentto the lottery , but it works, tOO.

This procedure, of course, ap­plies to Ihe split-frequencyoperation, which most OXers douse. Those that work on thesame frequency get usuallysnowed under the never-endingpileup, and nobody can evenhear them coming back to thestations.

Another important thing is tonot call when someone is sene­Ing his report; be civilized and lethim complete the contact. Oth­erwise, you will drive the OXaway and nobody will get him. Ihave heard Vince asking theW6 .. for his report and not gelit, because others just kept call­ing him. Alter a lew tries he gaveup and quit. Proper thing to do.

What a difference in workingour Japanese friends. If you askfor a stations with a "J " in thecausrqn. only the one that hasthe "J" in the suffix comes back,not the whole of Japan! Whaldiscipline and politeness! Thenet result is that many stationswork the rare one and everybodyis happy. Can you get the sameresult il you said: " QRZ w-eome­thing?" or " QRZ I-something?"No way, everybody all of a sud­den forgets his call sign and ac­tually tries to convince the poorOX that It is him that he hasheard. The result? Big mess.

So what will the good opere­tor do? He will th row in hiscallsign once or twice and wait,giving the OX a chance to comeback to somebody. Try it; itworks! But we all have todo it. IIwe try to be the last one in thepileup, then everybody wantsthat and the result is a never­ending screaming pileup andvanishing OX.

co ww OX CW Contest

This contest is a great oppcr­tunity to do some Ilshlng lor therare ones and brush up on therusty CW (oops, Morse code)

and also observe some operet­ing tr icks and tactics by the bigguns.

A number of rare expeditionsare being planned and one caneasily work his first 100 coun­tries on that weekend. It Isalways the last weekend in No­vember. Don 't forget to send thelog from the contest; sponsorsalways appreciate that.

• • • • •

We are looking for some pre­tures and stories from the ex­peditions or any OX stations. Soplease send pictures and a fewlines about yourself. Many arecurious to find out how you lookand what are you running.

• • • • •

OX NEWS

CEeX San Felix Island. Thisvery rare spot was to be ac­t ivated by WB1GDQ, N4CNL,WB9AAO, SV1JG. WMX, andpossibly SVlIW. Apparently per­mission to operate has beengranted and the latest info wasthat they should be startingaround OCtober 15th.

Juan Fernandez Island.CE0ZAC and CE0ZAD, a YUOMteam, are on the island for aboutthree months, starting in sec­tember.

FB8WG Crozet Island. Ru­mored to be on around the 10thof September by a group ofFrench operators.

HS1AMC Thailand. Apparent·ly the bad news from there isthat amateur radio activity wasagain suspended, so we will nothear them for a while. HS0HSoperated during the CQ WW CWcontest.

Belize. A J9 prefiX will replacethe VP1 prefix.

W6S0TILX Luxembourg .Please QSL via KA5CCO and notvia KA5CCD. Same fo r his coer­anon as W6S0T/3A.

59. Sao Tome Island. Ac·uvateo by K5YT. Another opere­tor should be stationed therevery soon. If he obtains hislicense, he snoute be active forabout two years.

UA1PAM Franz Josef Land.Operator steve active around14017 2OOOl. aSL via UK3SAB.

VE1AWSI1 Sable Island.Mostly CW; QSL via W3HNK(ran out of VE managers?).

VEIBU1 St. Paul Island. QSLvia W3HNK.

K9MKJVP2A and KN5NIVP2AAntigua. All cards go via K9MK.VP2MMR Montserrat. Operat·ed by Dick Bash . Makes youwonder jf he usecl his books to

get his license. It sounded morelike someone from the 27·MHzcrowd than the amateur. Hi. QSLvia KL7IHP.

VP8 South Orkneys. StationsVP8ZR, Denis, QSL via G3KTJ,VP2AJL Op. Ray aSL via SigneyIsland. Stanley, Falkland Island,and VPSAEV Bob. They are allon Signey Island, quite frequent­lyon 15m around 21272.

VP9CB Bermuda. Please aSLdirect or via bureau to VP9CBand not to VE3MPZNP9.

Andaman Islands. VU7 ANshowed up surprisingly. Signalswere very weak on the eastcoast. VE3BMV Razor Beamsscored that one. Operationmostly on 15m CW around21095. QSL via VU2WTR.

VU7 Laccadives. JA group isplanning to operate before theend of October.

XZ5A. XZ9A Burma. Still Quiteactive and easy to work. Theyare showing up on some lists,but also operate "solo" and spliton 15 and 20m. Bad news fromthe ARRL is Ihat apparentlythose stations are not to be ac­cepted for the DXCC. Somedon' t care if the ARRL gives itsblessing; they simply work themand collect the cards. It seemsstrange that slat ions operateclby the nationals f rom the coun­try where they live are not con­sidered "kosher." Do I have tosend my license to Newingtonso all those that worked me canuse my QSL cards for the OXCCcredit? I would think if there isno doubt about the presence ofthe station in that country, thenif should be OK. Operations bycomedians that ca n travel byboat from NY to Antarctica in 5hours shOuld be questioned.

IAeKM Sovereign Order 01Malta. Apparently even after therecommendation of the AARLOX Advisory Committee, thiswas not accepted as a separatecountry. Another Muppet show?

3C1MM Equa torial Guinea.Worked on CW early August.aSL via EA1QF.

7Q7LW Malawi. Quite active,mainly on 15m working lists andsolo (much faster). QSL cardsare being received and are goodfor DXCC.

Top Ten Most Wanted Countries

According to The DX Bulletin(K1TN), the list is: BY, VS9K, XZ,ZA, VU Lac., VK~, 70, XU, FB8W,VU7 An d. It looks like about twoor th ree can be easily blown offthat list before the year's end.

154 73 Magazine. November, 1981

HAM HELPvery much appreciated as I amdreading the day the radio qu it sand I have to work on II.

Carl Hattan KI BZUPSC Box 6752

Patrick AFB FL 32925

Does anyone know where Ican get my Standard SR-C-1458repaired?

Don Sywassink KnlO4525 Paseo Arruza

Sis"_ Vista AZ 85635

I am looking for work In theelectronics field in the Knox­ville, Tennessee, area. Will beab le to start February 1, 1982.My experience includes 20 yearsworking on transmitter and re­ceiver equipment from de toGHz. I have an Extra c lass ama­teur license and First Class ra­d iotelephone license with radarendorsement.

Herman F. Schnur115 Intercept Awe.

North Charleston SC 29405

I have an R336JGRC26 Armyradio receiver made in sectem­ber o f 1951, with a tuning rangeo f 1.5-16 MHz.

I would like to convert thisunit to an rf generator, '0'10, orheterodyne exciter. I hopesomeone may be able to helpme. Any inlormation you cangive will be greatly appreciated.

Kevin NealRte. A, Box 221AFlippIn AR 72634

I am in need of help to repai r aCanadian No. 19fMK III wirelessHF surplus transceiver. The tun­ing d ial is jammed. Any MK I, MKII, and MK III units for spareparts are needed. Also, any con­vers ion Info and manuals areneeded. Please write and lei meknow what you 've got. I'll reim­burse printing and postage ex­penses. Thank you.

Jim Mlyagawa WD8NRG1529 Woodland

Portage MI 49002

I am In need of the manualand schematics lor the CollinsKW5-1 transm itter and eesocr­ated power supply. I will g ladlypay for reasonalbe reproduc t ionand shipping costs.

John C. Lane WA8VEU2400 Gannon Rd.Howell MI 43843

I need a manual on the AM1955AfGRC amcnuer-ccnverterwh ich o perates on 600-1000MHz, as well as a manual onthe RP·119IGPH signa l datareproducer.

Roy W. Johne W9NNM201 West " A" St reet (4)Iron Mountain MI 49801

I need a little help getting amanual tor tnewnson T·1402SMhand·held transceiver. I woulda lso like the sheel on the touch­tone pad and the T·15-NC drop­in charger.

I will gladly pay all copy costsand postage. I have copying te ­cnrtres available.

Any help you can give will be

I need a schematic and anyother information I can get lor aMonsanto ccunterrttmer (Model101-8). I will pay lor ecnemat­ie/manual (or copy) or I can copyand return orig inal. Thank you .

Nichol.. SantilloBox 22, RD 1

Sycamore PA 15364

I need a mixer co il for anHQ·170 Hammarlund rece iver­top s lug 455 kHz and bottomslug 3035 kHz. I am repa iring thereceiver for a man with M.S. andany help would be apprec iated.

Jon Andrews WA2YVLPO Box 222

Greenlawn NY 11740-0222

73 Magazine . November, 1981 155

-William Tucker W4FX[1965 S. Ocean t», 15-GHallandale FL 33009

Cartography for Kerchunkers- making repeater maps

Fig. 1. Sectionalized Jis t of repeaters.

156 73 Magaz ine. November, 1981

JAX6040-66406130-67306160-67606205-68056250-68506280-68807645-70457690-70907795-71957900-73007990-7390

NICEVILLE6130-6730

PAHOKEE4650-5250

PLANTATION4770-5J706190-67907930-7330

SANFORD6130-6730

SEBRING7870-7270

FT . LAUD4510-51104630-52306310-69106J55-69556430 -703076)0-7030

GAI NESVI LLE6190-67906220-68206)10-6910

CLERMONT6295-68957780-7180

COCOA BCH6430-7030

DAYTONA BCH7750-71507840-7240HALLANDALE

6250-6850

JUPITER6025-6625

LAKE CITY7750-7150

LARGO6370-6970

MELBOURNE6010-66106250-68506J85-6985

PALATKA7660-706079JO-7JJO

ORLANDO6040-66406100-67006130-67306160-67606220-68207720-71207825-72257990-7390

TAMPA4890-54906160-67606190-679062J5-68J56265-68657630-70307705-71057750-71507810-72107840-72407945-7J457975-7J75

COCOA6280-6880

CRESTVIEW6430-7460

DISNEY WLD7900-7300

HOLLYWOOD6085-66856J85-6985

KEY WEST6340-6940

LAKE PLACID6445-70457645-7045LECANTO

6J55-6955

MILTON6100-6700

OCALA6010-6610

PERRY6370-6970

PE NSACOLA4510-51106160-67606250-68507750-71507930-7330

SINGER ISLD4570-51707765-7165

ST. PETE4850-54506)10-691071$00-70007660=70607915-7J157960-7J60

ARCADIA7675-7075

BRADENTON6010-66106220-6820

CRYSTAL iUV7870-7270

EUSTIS7855 -7255

FT. MYERS6190-67906280-6880

LAKELAND4690-529048)0-54)06085-6685

LIVE OAK6)40-6940

NA PLES6070-6670

OKEECHOBEE7795-7195

PLANT CITY4560-51604870-5470

SARASOTA45)0-51)06130-67)0

RUSKIN7705-7105

ST .CLOUD6190-6790

W. PALM BCH6070-66706145-67456280-68807960-7J60

VERO BCH6040-6640

BELLE GLADE4850- 54507600-7000

BROOKSV ILLE6115-6715

DELAND7960-7360

FERNANDI NA6010-6610

FT .PIERCE61)0-67307810-7210

LAKE WALES79JO-7JJOLAKE WORTH7885-7285

MARIANNA6070-6670

N. P. RIC HY6025-66256070-6670

ORANGE PK6070-6670

PANAMA CITY6340-69407990-7390

POMPANO BCH6010-6610

SAN ANTONI O6280-6880

TICE6115-6715

TI TUSVILLE6070-66706)10-69106370-6970

WI NTERHAVEN6055 -6655

BOC A RATON6220-6820

BRANDON7765-71657990-7390

DEERFLD BCH7720-7120

DEFUNI AK SPR7720-7120

IT . WALTON B6190-67906280-68807600-7000

A few years ago, on oneof several trips to New

Je rsey to visit with ourchild ren a nd grandchildre n,I found m yself with am icro pho ne in one hand. arepea te r manual on my lap,and my dear wife, Janet,struggling with a large roadmap trying to pinpoint thelocation of Podunk Hollowwhere there was supposedto be a repeater on .1bf.76."The re must be an easierway!" I thought.

Before making the nexttr ip, I made up repeatermaps for each state I wouldbe passing through, bymarki ng repeater t req uen­cies dir ectl y on the map atthei r exact locations. In thisma nner, I could determi newhether or not I was withinrange of the various repea t­e rs and operate according­ly. Two-meter mobile oper­a tion then became a realpleasure.

Repeater maps can bemade up in severa l ways us­mg s t a ndar d- st z e ro a dmaps. Depending on thenumber of repeaters at agiven loca t ion, sufficientspace o n the map can becovered wit h typist's whitecorrection fluid and. whend ry, repeate r frequenciescan be nea tly inscribed ontop by hand . A black, felt­tip pen can then be used toprovide an outline of thewhite area to greatly im­pro ve visib ility . Anothe rmethod IS simply to use

Fig. 2. Repeater map of Florida.

white paper sections cut tosize as paste-ens at repeaterlocat ions on which frequen­cies are insc ribed .

I recent ly made up arepe ater map of Florida(Fig. 2) w hic h is bei ngdistributed by Florida Skip,an int ra sta te, non-profitmonth ly pu bfic atton .r Ahandy 11" X 17" si ze, it isprinted o n a heavy, pa le­green, 6O-weight paper. (Itwas to be disp layed in thatsize as a center-fold spreadin Florida Skip o n mu chlighter white paper.)

The map was con­structed using an l l" x 17"state map put o ut by auto­renta l firms. After a thor­ough study of the variousrepeater manua ls and thelate s t Re pea te r Cou nc illist ings, a req uest was madeto all trustees to send meup-to-date info rm a t io nabout thei r repeaters as toco rrect fr equ en cies a ndlocatio n. I then typed a sec­tionalized Jist of Floridarepeaters (excluding closedrepeaters) on 8 % " X 11 "white bond paper, using atypewr ite r with a carbonribbon for good reproduc­tion cla rity. (More than onesheet was required to li st allthe repeaters. Fig. 1 is areproduction at 69% of itso riginal size.I

The typewritten sheetwas t hen pho tos tat ic aJlyreduced to 40 % of it sorigi nal size so that the sec­tions could be cut out andpasted directly o n the ma p.Afte r a ca reful paste-up, ablack felt-tip pen was usedto outl ine the white areas .Because blue a reas such asthe ocean and lakes do notreproduce too well in blacka nd white, the enti re stateas well as the larger lakeswere out lined in black topro vide bette r reprodu c­tion .

The repea ter li st ing ac­cording to freq uen cy alsowas typed on BV)" X 11"white bond pape r andred uced to 40% . This listhas p rove n to be ve ry

usefu l, especially with thene w two-mete r rigs wit hscanning capabilities. Afte rthe e ntire paste-up has beencompleted, the rest is up toyour loca l printer.

This repeater ma p has

FLORI DA REPEATER fIto\ P

"BI LL TUCKER W4PXEro<

FLORI DA SKI P

_.....,. ......_ ~ _... ./" 00' . ... "''' ''..,..::1:

'mme."••"-,...".:W':11

'::1••

"""

"••

been very enthusiasticallyre ceived in Florida a ndprobab ly would be muchwelcomed in othe r states. Itis indeed a worthwhile proj­ect fo r an active two-meterre peater club.•

Reference

1. Map available fo r $.25 and abustness-stze SASE I rom AndyClark W4IYT. Editor, FloridaSk ip , PO Box SOl , MiamiSprings Fl 33166.

_.­,,~-

'.•' _.:i!' .,." ' ~ " ""• 'J'" ..,..,." -.....,.,. .." ".".."" _.-,:;.".. :''::::1::".:l.'!: :::::;~.. ..-.." ,. ..--_...:U::'';: ;::,~r-:"""" ......m....._.-.,---

. ~,..~ ......,..­,_".,,.. ,"· ' ... . M...~ ..

HM·.."

(.

)

I

73 Magazine. November, 1981 157

••

Ceorge M . Ewmg WAS\'HfPO Box 502Cheboyg.1n MI 49721

Ten-Meter Lunch Hour- ham radio for school kids

Students listening to another schoof station in Fforida. The poster at the left fisted licenserequirements and privileges.

M arch has always beena bleak time of year

for schoo l kids in northernMichigan. Christmas vaca­tion is long past and Easterbreak is st ill severa l weeksin the dim future. Once thec raziness of basketba lltou rna ments is ove r, t hereis little to do but study.stare at giant snowdriftsthat half-cover the win­dows. and daydream of

sp ring . Ou r h igh-schoollibrarian, in a va liant effo rtto cheer up a blah facu ltyand student body with anysort of co lo rful diversion,was recruiting displays toliven up the big glass casesaround the sun ken mainfl oor read ing room .

I had had a ham rad iodisplay the year before thathad met with quite a bit ofst ud e nt interest . and I

reso lved to try agai n. Alongwith the usual OSCAR pic­tures , photos of exotic DXislands, and fancy equip­ment, I planned to includesome simple, low-cost gearthat the average ninth-- ortenth-grade r with a part­t ime job and a modest bud­get cou ld rea listica lly af­ford . From years of ex­perience working with teen­agers. I've found that next

to pro blems with t he code,the one th in g tha t tends tod iscourage young peopleinterested in amateur rad iois the perceived high cost ofthe equipment .

Experienced hams knowthat it is perfect ly possi blefo r a beginner to get on thea ir fo r little or no casho ut lay, using used or bor­rowed gear, surplus. or evenhome-brew rigs (with a littlefriend ly coaching from amo re advanced bu ild er).but the schoo l kid just sta rt­ing out doesn't realize thi s.He or she sees the ads in themagaz ines for rigs costingktlobucks - plus nceboxes.kilowatt amplifiers, beams,towers, and e labo rate satel­l it e insta ll ations . Theave rage kid knows howmuch money the dealersare asking for fancy CBgearand tends to assume thatha m gea r, with its greate rpower. range. and numberof "channe ls." must costproportionately more.

The di splay case was pre­pa red with equip ment .book s. photos. and maga­zine art icles to be changedweekly and new mate rialrota ted in fo r a six weeksperiod. An attempt wasmade to include as muchsim p le. ho me-b rew. andlo w-co s t e qui p ment as

158 73 Magazine . November, 1981

Ned Workman. yearbook advisor and old Arm y radiooperator, impresses everybody with high speed CW copy.Since this was taken, he has become KABKQY.

-

II

-.

•

- -

ea rpho nes. Outside, in theenclosed co u rtya rd thatwas the only possible a n­te nna site , we rai sed amake sh ift 24-foot T-m astmade of 1 x 4 lumbernailed together and painted

1,o)IOE Wo ,Q.I'"

I

Touchy tuning, bu t that rare DX is still hanging in there.

Th is display was changed every few days, with an e ffort toinclude as much home-brew and low-cost gear as possible.Students marked DX contacts on the world map as the ywere made.

frequency co unte r to checkup o n the ca libration andkeep us in the band. a nd ala rge hi-f speake r so thatclass groups could followthe QSOs without strainingthe ir ears o r having to sha re

sle of se tti ng up and string­ing lo ng co ax run s out ofthe way o f the students whohad to be abl e to use thelibra ry du ring re gu l arschool hours .

After c on siderabl ethought. I came up wit hwhat seemed to be a morepractical plan. High-powerSSB on the 20- or 15-me te rphone bands wasn't the an­swer. We'd no doubt makecontacts, but the wholep oint of showing whatcou ld be accompl ishedwith inexpensive gear andmodest power would bespo iled Daytime in Ma rchwas just about the peak ofthe season for 10 meters,and there was more andmore low-power AM gearon the air now, thanks to allt he CB convers ions, An8-foot vert ical cou ld bera ised above the su rround­ing metal-framed buildingsand s ho u ld give goodre sults . The good a ud ioqua lity of AM would beeasier for the students tofoll ow, as many had hadtrouble with the highl yco mpressed, filtered, andoften QR M-b lessed voicesin the pileups on 20.

The final installation in­cluded the DX-60B and vfo.the lafayette receiver, answr bridge, a home-buil t kit

possible . Along wit h theother gea r, a completeNovice station was la id out,co nsisting of a Heathkit OX­6O B, HC-10 vfo. and la­fayette HA-63 receiver.

This di splay hadn 't beenin the case for more than afew m in utes before re­quests from students an dfaculty members begancom ing in: Why not takethe gear out of the glasscase and actually put it onthe a ir, perha ps d uri nglunch hour o r after schoo l?

I promised to take thematter under co nside ra t ionand then sa t down to thi nkit over. The re were somepotential problems. I hadtried an operating d isplaytwo yea rs before with thehelp of a co uple of othera rea amateurs, but withmixed results. Because ofseve re antenna limitationsimposed by the location inthe building, we had beenlimited pretty muc h tooperating with a sma ll ver­tic a l antenna on twentymeters. A barefoot trans­ce ive r with a less than idea lante nna had left us wit h adearth of contacts, espe­cia lly on phone. The stu­dents had enjoyed the dis­play, but the results wereless than exci ting and ha rd­ly seemed to jus t ify the has-

73 Magazine . November, 1981 159

The antenna. The ground in this inner courtyard was five orsix feet below outside ground level.

"No w, where the heck is Victoria, Texas, anyway?"

. ' -

missed as a resu lt. CW wasalso rather d isappo inting,although a few contacts o n10 were made, and we load­ed up the coax and groundradials with a random-wi reantenna tuner and man­aged to work a few Noviceson 40 and 15 meters. Theother disappointment wasthat we were unable to hearany OSCAR passes, a l­though severa l attemptswere made.

On the positive side,everybody's winter blahswe re tempo ra rily inter­rupted, and enough interestwas raised so that severalstudents expressed interestin getting a Novice ticket.The community enrichmentnight school decided to of­fer a licensing class thatspring, with eight or tenpeople ready to sign up.

I have no doubts but thatthe pro ject was a worth­while one, and the librarystaff agreed-despite thenoise and cables strungarou nd the roo m. Al l theham-related mate rials werechecked out from the li­brary and remained in highdemand for a long timeafte r the lunch-hour stationfirst went o n the ai r.•

-:

Overall. the project wasa re so u n d in g success .though t here were minord isappointments. The oldrece ive r, wh ile performingadmirably on AM, was tootouchy to tune SSB and CWsat isfactor ily, and m uchgood OX may have been

dent interest were a lo ng(1-ho ur-pl us) rag-chew withanother high sc hool studentin Florida operating aschool station (the W4 flat­ly refused to bel ieve thenine-foot snowbanks t heMichigan kids were desc rib­ing) and another lo ng visitwith a G3 in lancashire.That particu lar day. thesc hool was celeb rating a1950s revival fo r a year­book benefit dance, andthe students were all in bob­by sox and Fonz ie jackets.The English ha m was an oldrock-and-rol l fan from the50s. and he kept the kids in­terested with tales of a re­cent Bill Haley concert,British rock concerts, andsocce r riots. The yea rbookadvisor amazed everybodyby copying high speed CWwith his trusty layout pen­cil; he had to switch to atypewriter fo r copy over 35wpm, however!

• •

in te n over nine; then hewas drowned out by severa lOX stat ions speaking Span­ish. and the fun was on.

In all , we made abouttwo hund red contacts andspent a lot of tim e eaves­dropping o n as many more.A couple dozen of thesewere OX on AM, includingZagreb, Ham burg, the Ca­nal Zone, and severa l fromCrea t Br it ai n . Th is isnothing compared to whata serious OX station woulddo in a contest, of course,bu t it was fe lt that a leisure­ly, rag-chewing approachwould be more interest ingto the students than justt radi ng signal reports for aQ SL. Big world and No rthAmerica n maps were keptposted on the wall and onthe operating table, withcallsign d ist ricts ma rked offwith felt markers o n plasticove rlays. New states an d allOX contacts were markedon the maps with little discsof fluorescent o range paperdonated by the librarian.

The high poin ts of stu-

with the sc hoo l colors. An8-foot a luminu m tu be wasthe V. -wave vertica l radia­tor. with three wire radialsalso serving as guys . Withthe addit ion of a piece ofwooden dowel, the entirerad iating pa rt of the anten­na was above roof leve l. al ­though a three-story metalgym to the south mightblock some of the best OX.

Since my school prepar­ation period overlappedwith the three half-hourlunch periods. I would beable to be in the library overa 9O-min ute per iod eachday between 1130 and 1300local time. just about rightfo r the skip to be in on ten.

The first day's o peratingbegan with a fifteen-minutedead spot. when there wasnothing to be heard on theband but fluo rescent lightsand the arc welders in themetal shop class down thehal l. But a minut e or twolater. there was a guy inNew Mexico ca ll ing CQ mo­bile, his bliste ring 3-Wattconverted CB rig booming

160 73 Magazine • November. 1981

HAM HELP

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the length of the wire elements.

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I am in need 01 an assemblymanual for a Mosley Quad, Mod·el MCQ-3B. In particular, I need

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When d iscussing rest periodst rategy, author NooP defined" short co ntests" as those thatare 20 to 30 hours long. Thiscategory shou ld a lso Includethe mlnl-contests-even thoseas short as lour hours.• aso party enthusiasts will bepleased to know about sever­al new contests that can be add­ed to Table 1 of the article "con­t rolled Chaos," which appearedin the October, 1981, issue.A labama holds their event onthe fourth weekend In August;out-of-state stations are reoqu ired to send their state. Thesecond weekend should be re­served lor the New Mexico asoParty. out-ot-etete contestantsneed to relay a serial numberand their state.

Changes for Table 1 includethe date for the Alabama con­test ; it 's now scheduled for thefourth weekend In August. Youcan plan on working South Caro­lina stations the second week­end in March. Fina lly, the Ne·braska square-off has beenmoved to the fourth weekend o fthe month listed and Vermont'saso Party Is now on the secondweekend of the month listed.

Tim Daniel N8RK73 Magazine Statt

K"Phone: " K6ZM one ch arlie EastBay from WB6CEP, over"

The TR-9000's microproces­sor is not the 6500-based chipmen tioned in the August , 1981 ,review. It Is a NEC 650C CMOSmicroprocessor. This 4-bit de­vice features 80 inst ruct ions, azocc.byte x B-bit read-onlymemory, and a 94-byte x a-bttprogrammable memory. Th esame Chip (wi th d ifferent ROMmemory) is used in Kenwood'sTR·2400 and TR·7800.

Paul Schmidt K9PSCrane IN

several errors crept into theseptember and October issuesof 73. Here they are:• K7NZA's article, "That TheyMight Commun icate," on pages66-69 in the september, 1981,Issue, incorrect ly refers to J . C.Buck ner as a J . C. Betner. Ourapologies to Mr. Buckner.• Contesters, beg inners andexperienced alike may want tonote several correct ions fo r" The Contest Cookbook" whichappeared in the OCtober, 1981,Issue. The correct Field Day ex­changes are:cw: " K6ZM 1C EB de WB6CEP

...$H List 0 ' Adv«I'S~S 0Il"'~ t 30 73 MagaZine e November, 1981 161

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The tscpcre is designed for ease of installation. You can customize your mounting by using low cost TVmasting up to 1Jf ' diameter. (Mast not supplied.} More than ever, the IsaPole is the logical choice for aVHF.i UHF base station or repeater antenna.

The IsoPole antenna gives you exceptionally broad frequency coverage. You obtain maximum gainattributable to the antenna's length, plus a zero angle of radiated power. The unique cone design (pat. pend.)assures superior resistance to icing and I J=\M..------r I " i "

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162 73 Magazine . November, 1981

SOCIAL EVENTSListings in this column are

provIded free of charge on aspace-ava ilab le ba s is . ThefOllowing in formation should beincluded in every announce·men t: sponsor, e vent . date.time, p lace. ci ty. s ta le. admis­sion charge (if any), teatures ,ta lk·in frequencies. and thename 01 whom to contact forfurther in fo rmation. Announce­ments must be received twomonths prior to the month inwhich the event takes place.

HICKSVILLE OHNOV 1

The Defiance County Ama­teur Radio Club will hold the De­fiance County Hamfesl and FleaMarket on Sunday. November 1,1981, from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm atthe Defiance County Ealr­grounds, Hicksville OH. Dorta ­tions are $1.50 in advance and$2.00 at the gate. There will befree parking, overnight camping(October atsn, and trun k salesspace. Doors will be open forsetups at 4:00 pm on October31st, and table spa ce will beavailable. Fir st prize is a 2mmobile. For hamfest inquiriesand table reservations, contactEd Ballard, Jr., WD8JVV, RR 1,Roland Road, Sherwood OH43556, or phone (419)-89S-4209.

SOUTH GREENSBURG PANOV 7

The Foothills ARC will ho ld Itsannual swap and shop on Satur­day, November 7, 1981 , at St.Bruno ' s Church in SouthGreensburg PA. Doors will beopen from 9:00 am untll3:oo pm.Registration is $2.00 each or 3for $5.00. All facilities are in­door. Ma in pr ize is a KenwoodTS-530S HF rig. First pr ize is anIcom IC·2A hand-held, Talk-in on146.07/.67 and 146.52 s implex.For ad vanced table reserve.none. phone Chuck HammanWB3HZM at (412)-837·9194 after5:00 pm.

SELLERSVILLE PANOV 8

The R.F. H ill ARC will hold its5th annual hamfest on Novem­ber 8,1981 , in the Sellersville Na-

ncnat Guard Armory, sellersv illePA. Doors will open at 7:00 amfor sellers and 8:00 am for bUY­ers. There will be a grand prize,door pr izes, refreshments, andheat. Talk-in on .26/.88 and .52.For further information , contactA.F. Hil l ARC, Box 29, Co lmar PA18915, or Chet Pierson K3TV,Box 336, RFo 1, Greenlane PA18054.

NORTH HAVEN CTNOVa

The Southcentral Connecti ­cut Amateur Rad io Associat ionwill ho ld it s second annual Elec­tronics Flea Market on Sunday,November 8, 1981, from 10:00am to 4:00 pm indoors at theNorth Haven Recreation center ,Lins ley Street, North Haven CT.Admission is $1 .00; ch ildrenunder 12 will be admitted freewhen accompanied by an adult.Sellers may set up at 9:00 am;spaces are $5.00. Refreshmentswill be served and door prizeswil l be awarded. Ta lk-in on146.011.61 (W1GB). For informa­tio n about special arrange­ments for commerc ial exhibi­tors or for reservations (makechecks payable to SCARA), con­tact the Southcentral Connecti­cu t Amateur Radio Association,PO Box 81 , North Haven CT06473.

MASSILLON OHNOVa

The Mass illon ARC will holdus24th annual auct ion, Auction­lest '81,on Sunday, November 8,1981, Irom 8:00 am to 4:00 pm atthe Massillon Knights of ccrcm­bu s Ha ll, Cherry Road, Massu­Ion OH. Tickets are $2.50 in au­vance or $3.00 at the door. Theflea market opens at 8:00 amand dealer tables are $3.00 pera-teet table. The auction, becm­ning at 11 :00 am, will includeprizes of a Kenwood TS·1 30S, aTen-Tec Argosy 515, and anIcom IC·2A1. Door prizes will begiven away hourly. For furtherinformation or table reserva­t ions, send an SASE to SieveNevel W08MIJ, 1864 Massachu·sett s Avenue SE, Massillon OH44646.

NEWMARKET ONT CANADANOV 14

Th e York No rth AmateurRadio Club will hold its f ifth an­nual flea market on Saturday,November 14, 1981, at the New­market Community centre, New­market, Ontario. General edmts­ston is $1 .50, which includes adoor prize ticket. Admission forexhibitors is $3.50 , which in·etudes a door pr ize ticket andone table. Add itional tables are$2.00 each. The Ilea market willrun from 0800 to 1400 EST, butthe doors will be open earlier forexh ibitors. Talk-in on 146.52(VE3YNA) and 147.2251.825(VE3YRC).

GRAND FORKS NONOV14

The annual FORX ARC Ham­lest and Banquet will be held onNovember 14, 1981, beginning at9:00 am. The A.V.T.I. and ban­quet will be at the Ramada Inn.The registrat ion lee lor the ham­fest Is $2.00 and the banquet is$7.50. Talk-in on 146.341146.94.Contact W~BNR or KA"HDN,or write WBlJBNR, Box 1638,Grand Forks NO 58201.

STONE MOUNTAIN OANOV 14·15

The Allord Memorial RadioClub, Inc., will hold its 9th an­nual Famventlon on Saturdayand Sunday, November 14-15,1981, at the Stone Mountain Inn,Stone Mountain GA. Act ivitiesinclude dealer d i sp lays andlarge flea market area. Reglstra·tion is a $5.00 donation. Talk-inon 146.161.76 and .52. For furtherinformation , contact CarlNichols K4ZYK, Chairman, 1657Flicker Drive, Jonesboro GA30236; phone (404)-476-4515.

FORT WAYNE INNOV 15

The Allen County AmateurRadio Technical Society, Inc.,will ho ld the 9th annua l FortWa yne Hamfest on November15,1981 , from 8:00am to 4:00 pmat the Allen County MemorialCo li seum, Fort Wayne IN. Ad·mission is $2.50 in advance or$3.00 at the door, with ch ildren11 yea rs o ld and under admittedIree. There will be a large fleamarket , forums, and door pr izes.The Coliseum charges a $1 .00

parking fee . Regu lar tables are$6.00 each and premium tables(on arena perimeter with cu rtainbackdrop, ac power, and per­sonal ettennom are $20.00. Talk·in on 146.26/.68. For more infer­mation or pre-reg ist rat ion, wri teAllen County Amateur RadioTechnical Society, Inc., At ten­tion: Hamfest Committee, POBox 10342, Fort Wayne IN46851.

OAK PARK MINOV 29

The Oak Park High SChoolElectronics Club will hold their12th annual Swap 'n Shop onSunday, september 29, 1981,from 8;00 am to 4:00 pm at theOak Park High School, Oak ParkMI. There will be door pr izes andrefreshments. Adm issIon is$1 .50 in advance; $2.00 at thedoor. a-teet tables are $5.00 inadvance; $6.00 at the door. Forreservations or more informa­tion, send an SAS E to HermanGardner, Oak Park High School,13701 Oak Park Boulevard, OakPark MI 48237, or phone {313r968-2675.

FAIRSAULT MNDEC 5

The Courage Center Handi­Ham System will hold its annualwinter namtest on Saturday, De­cember 5, 1981, at the EaglesOlub, Fairbault MN. There willbe a flea market, a dinner atnoon, a program, and prizes. Formore information, contact DonFranz W" FIT, 1114 Frank Ave­nue, Albert Lea MN 56007.

HAZEL PARK MIDEC6

The 16th annual Hazel ParkAmateur Radio Club Swap &

ShOp will be held on Sunday, De­cember 6, 1981, at Hazel ParkHigh School , Hughes Street at9'11 Mile Road, 1 mile east of1·75, Hazel Park MI. Tickets are$2.00 and tables are 75¢ perloot. Doors will open at 8:00 withthe main prize drawing at 2:00pm. There will be plenty of foodand free parking , plus hourlydoor prizes. Grand prizes are in­c luded wi th the admission ttck­et. Talk-m on 146.52. For more in­format ion , send an SASE toJack Fie ld W8UPU, 1444 E.Evelyn, Hazel Park Ml 48030.

73 Magazine . November, 1981 163

editorial by Wayne Green

W2NSD/1HEYER SAY DIEfrom page 8

strike holding our plane up torconnections from the US. We'davoided the problem in the USby driving 10 New York for theflight instead of starting fromBoston or Manchest er, NewHampsh ire, as we had firstplanned. Despite the late arrivalhour, we were met at the airportby a ham/computer contingent,complete with my ham licenseand an HT to use with the localrepealers. W2NSDfZS was onthe air!

The next morning, I woke upand opened the curtains 01 thenotet room ... 10 lind myself inthe middle 01 a large city, ccm­plete with high.risa buildings. Itcould have easily been Chicagoor Philadelphia. , checked in onthe 145.650 repeater and talkedwith a bunch of wen-wraners. Inminutes, I was being visited byJulius Lieberman ZS6AF. thelocal ham store owner and Ken·wood dealer. He brought up a2400 HT, charger, and specialcube tap to fit the weird powersockets.

The day started out with aninterview with the editor ofComputerweek, followed by aninterview for the local paper.Then I recorded a tape to beplayed over the ham network onSunday, since I would be out oftown at the time and might notbe able to call In on the country­wide net. In fact, I was flying atthe t ime o f the net , so the tapingwas a good precaut ion.

In the afternoon , I visi tedZS6AF's shack and managed tohook W2NSD /Z S up withW2NSDIl in Peterborough ...plus many more contactsaround the US and throughEurope. Then Sherry and I wenton to dinner with a computergroup, enjoying a banquet ofSouth African seafood.

With not a lot happening overthe weekend, Saturday was thebest time to take off for a coupleof days of new country vis iting.Dave Sommerville, who runsRand Electronics, had arranged

the flight to Swaziland lor us.We met our pilot and Cessna ata nearby airport and then spentan hour trying to get the planestarted . That wasn't c ri t ical inJohannesburg, but what if theplane turned stubborn in Swazi­land? The hope was for the bat­tery to charge up during theflight.

It is difficult to build up a lo t ofconfidence in a plane whichtakes an hour to jump-start, soperhaps we were a bit unsettledwhen we finally took of! fromJohannesburg and headed to­wa rd Mbabane, the capita l ofSwaziland. I had my HT in onehand talking with Dave as weleft and my camera in the othertaki ng pictures of Johannes­burg f rom the ai r. I soon was sowrapped up in making contactsthrough the various repeatersand snapping pictures of thefarm country below that I forgotabout the plane problems.

When one thinks of Afrlca,one normally thinks in terms ofdense forests, not f lat farmlandalmost identical to our midwest.Sou th Africa is a big country, sothey probably have so me to r­ests somewhere, but in the tri­angle I covered during the nexttwo days it was farmland, farms,and small towns ... about 800miles 01this.

With 12 million blacks and on­ly 4 million wtrrtee.t expected tosee some sign of bush-type vil­lages here and there instead ofthe European (and American)type of settlement. I didn't seeanything like that unti l I crossedover into Swaziland. On the wayin, I discovered the Swaziland re­peater on 145.650 and contacted306AX, the chap who issues li­censes for the country. He toldme they had my authorizationwailing for me and that it was allokay fo r me to start signingW2NSDI3D6 as soon as myplane crossed the border. I kepta sharp eye on the flying chartand made him my first 306 con­tact as we went over the border.

Doug Goldman 3D6BG, theproprie tor of the Smoky Moun-

tain Hotel, was waiting for uswhen we landed. Not bad havinga hotel own ed by a ham . . . corn­crete with a nice ham station onthe premises. ThaI's a lot betterthan carting a big suitcase fullo f ham gear 25,000 mi les ,through customs people, andpaying about S5 a pound foroverweight now and then. Somecountries make you put up abond on ham gear which is morethan the value of the equipment.to make sure you don't acciden­tally leave it behind when yougo.

The hotel is made up of agroup of small cottages, with acentral bui lding fo r the bar andrest aurant . Not being much of adrinker, I can't say about thebar. but the food at the restaur­ant was right up there with someo f the finest places I've visited.Everything was superb! Doug,who bum the place himself andtrained all of the help, is lookingfo r a buyer so he can travel andtake it easy lo r a while. Runninga hotel anywhere is difficult, butin a small country li ke this thereare special problems ... such asno people with any training atall. He had to teach the localshow to garden so he would havefrui t an d vegetab les fo r therestaurant ... and so on.

The night life in Mbabane is atone of the Holiday Inns. Thereare three of them, wi th two be­ing right across the road fromeach other. Two have casinos,so we popped over there to seethe action. " The Devil and MissJones" was playing ••• it seemsthat su ch pictures are forbiddenin South Africa, as is gambling,so the South Al ricans come toSwaz iland for their gamblingand dirty movies. I dropped acouple of dollars in the slots andthought that was enough of adonation for the well·belng ofthe country.

The next morning, Doug tookus for a tour, showing us theking 's palace and the cern­pound next to it where the kinglives with his 87 wives and 850children in small naUve huts. Igot out of the car on a hillside totake a picture 01 the palace andwas hassled by a truck driverwh o stopped and wanted toknow from whom I had gottenpermission to take that picture.Well, irs a pretty country, but Ireally don't need hassles li kethat.

The king , by the way, hasbeen in business for 70 years ...

the longest reigning monarch inhistory. He 's still going st rong.

With that , we headed lor theairport and my flight to l esotho.I'll go into that a bit next month,along with some pictures of thetrip.

DIGITAL TRANSMISSIONS

After all that fuss to get ASCIIlegitim ized, perhaps it is time torthe more experimentally mindedto get cracking on digital trans­missions. The more I think aboutthis .. . and talk about It ... themore enthused I get. But ret'smove as quickly as we can to9600 baud (murs?) and not hor searou nd wi th the slow stu ll.

Once we get these systemsgoing, we'll have a corking goodemergency system right therewai ting lor us. The Idea for hav­ing emergency nets set up withthe net contro l polling the netstations automatically, wai lingfor any t raffic to be sent dlgi.tally, is exciting . With this sys­tern, we can interface the smallpocket computers with our rigs,type in a message and its oesu­nation, and the rig will take overwhen polled by net control,dumping the message at 7300words per minute .. . immediate­Iy forwarding it automatically tothe addressee. We could in­c rease our t raffic-handlingcapab ili ties by a th ou sandtimes or more.

The startup for this, as I men­t ioned last month, can be wi thbulletin -board stations whichcan be accessed over the air.The caller would specify thetransmission speed, whether itbe 300,1200, or 9600 baud. TheRBB station would then sendthe menu and wait for the re­sponse. This system is develop­ing rapidly via the telephonethese days and could just aseasily be implemented over theair. Indeed, the gang here atW2NSDl1 is wo rking on a pro]­ect to put an RBB service on . ..probably on 14.100 MHz. .. justabove the RT group and belowthe Canadian phone band.

To recap, the idea of a ABBstation is that when you call in,you get a menu. l et 's say youpick item #1 from the menu , OXnews. Then you would get a listof the currently active rare OXstations, thei r known operatingfreq uencies and t imes, operatorname, QSl information . .. andso on. Bulletin boards are two­way devices, so you would be

164 73 Magazine · November, 1981

able to add to the information ilyou had any good DX news.

1'2 might be a status report onIhe retest FCC news. It might listthe dockets up for discussionand the dates of reply, proposedrule changes, and recen t FCCrule changes which have beenimplemented. 1'3 might be alisting of hamlests and conven­t ions, with the usual informationon when, where, how much, who10 contact, and so on. #4 couldbe a list of coming contests,wi th data on scoring , rules,where to send logs, and so on,#5 could be a place to list yourtentative contest scores forcomparison after a contest. iI6could be a list 01 recent ceruu­cates announced, tl7 could besatelli te schedules ... and so itgoes. At 9600 baud you can offera lot of service lor a lot 01 userswithout running out of time.

For the lime being , I'd li ke toencourage all of the experimen­taUon possible, complete withreports and articles in 73 on theresul ts. Without a lot of articles,we are not going to be able togenerate the enthusiasm tomake this reatly work. By thetime we've published a couplehundred articles, I think we'llstart seeing some ccmmer­clally.made digital gear appear­ing ... and the beg inning of awhole new kind o f amateurradio.

If you have any problem get­ting permission from the FCCfor experiments, please let meknow about it. As far as I know,they've taken the lid off amateurexperimenting ... a very wet­come relie f after all theserestric tive years .. . and we areagain able to do some experi­menting and pioneering.

It took us about five years toget FM and repeaters popular,starling with the 73 Magazinepush in 1969... and the publish­ing of hundreds 01 articles, alot of books, symposiums allaround the country, and so on.Perhaps in five years we will seea similar change as a result ofdigital communications.

HIGH SCHOOLS

As I pointed out to the peoplein Brazil and South Africa, theelectronics techno logy o f anycountry is directly proport ionalto the number 01 hams in thatcountry. This is why Japan isgetling so far ahead of us Inmany technical areas thesedays. They have over 500,000

amateurs ... the great propor­tion of whom are active. Wehave a bit over 385,000 hams, ofwhom perhaps 50% at the mostare active. So we have to sit hereand choose between Japanesetelevision sets, video recorders,ham transceivers, HTs, ca lcula­tors , talking clocks, cameras ...and so on.

The answer to the situation isfor us to get go ing with morehams. I frank ly view this as anemergency situation lor Ameri­ca. The FCC can help by provid­ing rules and a licensing sttua­non which will best encouragethe entry of new hams. TheARRL can help by getting asmany clubs as possible to thinkIn terms of ham growth. Weneed to get into a 33% growthpattern, not the present 3% ...or even the 11 % we had in the1950s and up unt il the "incentivelicensing" disaster.

The best approach I see togetting things going is to bitethe bullet as far as our rules areconcerned . .. and then moveahead with our ham clubs andget into every high school in thecountry and spread the word.

After over 40 years of ham­ming, and publishing for 30 ofthose years, I have to admit thatI stili don't really understandwhat it Is about amateur radiothat grabs kids o f 14 and 15years of age. I know that I wasexcited about the ability to talkwith other people ... and thatworking DX was kind of the uttt­mate thrill in this line, But I'vewatched thousands of kids beexposed to the same idea andcome away bored. What ;s it?I've had It happen In my ownshack. A nearby school sentover a batch 01 students in therigh t age group. I put on thesho w, wi th a few contacts wi thEurope and Asia .. .and nine outof the ten kids yawned and re­tired to another room where itwas less noisy. The tenthcouldn't be pried away wi th Icecream.

If we can ever discover whatthe button is that gets pushed,perhaps we can star t pushingthat button in all of the highschools,

Why am I stressing theta-vear-cicsv Well, most of thestudies of ham licenses haveshown that about 50% of allnewcomers to amateur radio areeit her 14or 15 years old. Further,about 90% of these kids aretrapped for life, going into erec-

tromcs or communications lateron as a result of their interest. Ifyou read any magazines ornewspapers, you know tha tJapan is way ahead of us in en­gineers and technicians ... andunless we oo something about itthere will be no catching up.Well, Japan has been pUShingham radio in their high scncorsfor years and it may be no acci­dent that they are now ahead ofus in electronics technology.

The Japanese ham maga­zines run whole sections of pic­tures of high school club activi­ties. I wrote about this a lewmonths ago and asked for somepictures from our clubs to en­courage this type 01 deve lop­ment. I'm still wailing for thefi rst picture. That tells me some­thing.

Ham clubs can work with highschools to put on amateur radiodemonstrations. They can helpto set up clubs, with club mem­bers coming in to give talks andtheory discussions. They can in­vite the students to come to clubmember stations to work someOX, AT, and other ham interests.With the present affluence ofkids .. . and the relatively lowcost of a ham station ... thereIsn't a lot of demand for c lubstations any more.When I was akid, an AM phone stalion of anypower was a very expensivematter. Hec k, the cheapestcrummiest ham receiver sold lor$30 (about $450 in 1981 dollar­et tesj. r had a medium perfor­mance receiver and It ran meabout $1 ,350 in tcoey'e Monopo­ly money. 01 course, you had tobuild your transmitter then ...there weren't enough hams tomake it worthwhile to sell themcommercially (we had only40,000 hams). But even amodulation transformer for aSOO·Watl ri g cost about $5,000 intoday's money. That 's why clubstations were popular then.

I'll be talking further with theFCC about this situation .. .endperhaps something can be doneto even get a word into the WhiteHouse about the need lor hamsas a genuine American emer­gency. 1f weco manage toget in­to another war. we don't want tohave to set up defense con­trac ts with Japan for our erec­trc nrcs equipment.

Just as a reminder . . ,per­haps timely in the face of the" plain language rules" whichessentially delete any referenceto the reasons for amateur radio

to exist as a service . . .one ofthe basic reasons lor amateurradio, as stated in the old rules,had to do wi th providing a groupof trained electronics people fortimes of emergency. When Vfflllcame along, we had 50,000hams and 80% of them went in·to the armed services. Yes,80% .Many of these hams went rightin to mili tary training schools toteach civilians the bas ics 01radio and radar. My class at theRadio Materiel School on 'tree­sure Is land, as I have mentionedbefore, had virtually 100% haminstructors ... and a bunch ofhams in the classes. That was asuper school.

Well, we don't have a warcoming up ... 1 hope ... but wedo have economic warfare rightnow and it Is going strong. Thisis a war that we are losing. Wehave al ready fallen so far behindin our electronics troops (engi·neers and technicians) that evenat a 33% growth rate of hams itwill take us unlit 1990 just 10catch up to Japan.

AFRICA IN PERSPECTIVE

Having visited a number o fAfrican countries , .. and bonedup on most of the rest 01 themthrough books, talks with hamswho have worked in them, or viale tters from hams living inthem .. . 1 think I have a goodgrasp of the overall situation. Itis not comforting .

In a great many of the coun­tries, you have an educationalsituation which has no goodsolution. After generations ...hundreds 01 years . . .of triballiving, where the women didmost of the work and the menhunted now and then, there is astrong resistance to either workor education on the part of themen,

The next problem Is one ofleadership . With educationallevels so low, there is not a lot ofcommunications between peo­ple and thus it is relatively easylor a small group to take over acountry. Once in power, theyhave two main objectives ... tostay In power and to get asmuch out of it as quickly aspossible. In one country afteranother, I've seen aid moneyfrom other countries going intothe Swiss bank accounts of therulers and t heir c lose bud·dies ... with tittle ever getling tothe people. The rulers have noIncentive to make long-rangeplans to help the country be-

73 Magazine · November, 1981 165

KAHANER REPORT

-cause they know lheywill not bearound 10 reap the benefits.

This ts not a good situationfrom the ham point of view be­cause if we are going to gelhams in tnese countries, we aregoing to have 10 start with rela­tive ly we ll -educated pea-

Larry Kahaner WB2NELPO Box 39103Wa shington DC 20016

JUST ONE WORD

Like that sa lesman in themovie " The Graduate," t justwant to say one word. No, notplastics.

Deregu lat ion.It's in the stars for ham rad io.The FCC is on a hands-off

kick, not just for amateurs, butfor those In all other services:broadcast, common carrier, CB,marine, even business rad io.The att itude change was inevit ­able, and I wish , could say itstemmed from some great kar­mic enlightenment by the cern­mission. It didn 't. It ref lected theFCC's only log ical response torapidly changi ng techno logyand, to a lesser extent, a citizen­ry tired of petty rules.

Alone time, co ndi t io nsforced the FCC to keep a closewatch on the airwaves. Unso­ph isticated rad io gear, splatterytransmitters, and unselective re­ceivers made everyone's lifemiserable. Without meaning todo so, co mmunicators andbroadcasters con tinually inter­fered with each other.

Then came the technologyboom. You pulled a switch andtalked. You twisted a dial andyour receiver picked up only ones t a tion, el im inating th osearound it. Your TV Sported auto­matic fine tuning . All that teen­nology forced the FCC to look atthings differently. Not lmmedt­ately, mind you, but the Com­mission did finally respond.

For instance, the FCC recent­ly ended the once necessary re­qu irement that a First Class Ii·censee be on hand at a radio orTV station. Unless you' re abroadcast engineer who workedlike crazy to get his license,

pte ... and there are very few ofthese. Then we are going to haveto try 10 interest these few peo­ple in amateur radio and spend­ing the time to get further educa­tion in electron ics ... all withoutany help from the government.Further, a ruling reg ime reallydoesn't want a bunch of people

you'll have to agree that theticket realty isn 't necessary. Youturn the station on; you tu rn thestation off. The newer high-tech­nology transmitters rarely goblooey anymore. No need towatch it out of your eye corners.And when major trouble occurs,you call the serviceman. Hispocket beeper ferrets him outquickly, even in the deepest,darkest saloon.

The same goes lor tele­phones. AT&T convinced theFCC that no one should be al­lowed to interconnect any de­vice-such as automat ic an­swerers or speed dialers-totheir telephone lines because itwould degrade the system. OnlyWestern Electric, Bell's sup­plier, knew how to build equip­ment good enough for the sa­cred network, said AT&T. TheFCC bought that argument forquite a while until it finally real­ized that others could build stuffjust as technically ecomsncat­ed as Western Electric. It dereg·utated that part of the commoncarrier rules now permitting youto connect equipment to yourtelephone as long as It meetscertain specifications.

And while the FCC got ccm­fortable relaxing rules spurredby technology, it embarked onderegu lation not necessarilycaused by etate-ct-tne-ert ec­vencee. Radio broadcasters, forexample, don 't have 10 adhereanymore to rules which pre.scribe how much public servicet ime they must air each week orhow many commercials theysend each hour. It's now up toeach station.

Deregulation fever is spread­ing throughout amateur radi o.Several years ago the FCC re­laxed ru les on log·keep ing,mobile identi fications, and afew other small Items. Everyone

who are able to have privatecommunicat ions because thatmakes it 100 simple lor them toplot 10 take over the country orto organize terrorist acts.

Those of you who have beenreading my editorials for anytime know that I'm an optimist

seemed to like the changes ex­cept some old-timers and, tn­terestingly enough, some just­weaned hams. For reasons onlya PhD in sociology understands,these people teet cozy with con.emenens and revel in restraints.

No matter; deregulation is Infull swing, and a fust-rereaseoFCC report gives us great in­sight Into where the deregula·tlon future lies lor hams.

Now,l'm not much on govern.ment reports. Sure, some ofthem make fun reading, like theGAO studies that show howCongressmen pay two bucks lora haircut because their barber­shops are taxpayer subsidized.But this Isn't always the case.Most government reports reomain dull and dry.

Not so with the FCC reporttitled "Deregulating Persona land Amateur Radio ." It's fromthe Office of Plans and Polic ies,the closest thing the FCC has toa think tank. They form projec­tions, ra ise questions, and sug·gest Innovative, often rad icalanswers to old, crusty problems.

Keep In mind they didn't justIssue a " report." That's too ba­nal for OPP. tt'e o ff ic iall ydubbed a " work ing paper."

Despite the high·browmoniker, it 's written simply, pre­sented so an FCC commtsslon­er can understand it . Althoughauthors Alex Felker and JamesBrown warn that: " The opinionexpressed in this paper is theauthors'. They do not necessart­Iy reflect the policies or views ofthe FCC or any other organiza­t ion or Individual," we know whosigns their checks. They're onthe same fl oor as the FCCcommissioners.

One 01 the main points of this7o-page report is that the FCCshould eliminate minor ru lespartly because of new technolo­gy, partly because it would en­courage new technology.

The paper said: " A number ofregulations seem inconsistentwith the goals 01 the amateurradio service. They probably nolonger serve any useful pur-

and that I try to think in terms ofsolutions to problems. Well,here's one where I have no solu­t ions. t see all but one or twocountries In Ahica (out of 57)go­ing downhill . . . away from civil i­zation . Thai doesn't providemuch of a prospect lor thedevelopment of amateur radio.

poses either because of tech­nological advances or becausethey were based in the firstplace on overly pessimistic pre­dictions of trouble that mightarise. Although Individuallythese regulations are not ser­ious constraints to goalachievement, collectively theirimpact mIght be slgnificanl."

For example, the authors sug­gested the FCC drop restric­tions on automatic repeaters.They indicated that equipmentis reliable enough, and the state­ot-the-art advanced enough,that any problem-such as astuck transmitter which so ter­rifies the FCC-could be han.died with li ttle trouble.The pres­ent restriction , they said, pre­vents experimentation withspectrum-efficient techniquessuch as packet switching, erec­tronic mailboxes, and other dig­iter modes.

One reason the FCC draggedits red-taped feet on allowinghams to send ASCII was that itcouldn't monitor transmissions.That argument never held water,the paper suggested, becausehams are generally sert-recutet­Ing, and besides, the FCC hardlylistens anyway.

untcrtunateiy.tnat same con­cern still permeates the Com­mission. When the FCC metearlier this year to discusswhether hams should be al­lowed to use the new modeknown as spread spectrum,Commissioner Abbott wash­burn, at first, objected. He saidthat because the FCC couldn'tm onitor epreac -spectrumtransmissions, some hamsmight operate illegally.

Fortunately, J im McKinney(who was then Chiel o f the Fie ldOperations Bureau, now Chiefof the Private Radio Bureau)quelled his fears and said hamscould be trusted. Subsequently,the Commission issued a noticeof Inquiry; comments are wel­comed and encouraged.

The report emphasized that

166 73 Magazine. November, 1981

the Commission bears reepon­sibility for s lo wi ng technicalprogress. It stated: "II there isc riticism of amateurs from notbeing m ore t echn ically ad­vanced, it m ight be misdirected.Perhaps one should p lace somerespon sibili ty on the regu la­tions, not the licensees. Sub­stant ially more regulatory !lexi­biJity than the service now has

would be desirable."The report al so said that the

FCC shOuld relax ident ificationrequirements to allow amateursgreater opportuni ty in using newmodes without having to s ign onand off in Morse code or vo ice.Some other suggestions includ­ed giving Technicians expandedprivileges, establishing a digitallicense (no Mor se code needed),

and permitting repeaters below10 meters . In conclus ion, thepaper said : " It may be too muchto ask that regulat ion takestrong affirmative steps to de­velop new tech nologies ando ther new approaches for per­sonal radio . It is not, however,too much to ask that regulations imply not stand In the way o fthe new,"

The paper recommends thatthe FCC remember one word.

Deregulat ion.

(Copies of the working paper" Deregulating Personal and Am­ateur Aad io" are ava ilable fromthe Off ice o f Public Affairs,FCC, Room 227, 1919 M SI. N.W.,Washington DC 20554: (202)-254·7674.)

Marc I. Leavey, M.D. WA3AJR4006 Win lee RoadRandallstown MD 21133

RTTY LOOP

.....

Fig. f . RTTY vs . SSTV.

keying , and req uires a beat fre·quency oscillator (bfo) for recep­tion, just as receiving CW does.That is all that RTTY positionmeans, that there is a bto pres­ent which can supply the miss­ing audio tones. It reatty saysnothing about the stabili ty ofthe receiver, wh ich is vital to it suse on ATTY, and assumes theavailability of AnY rece ivingequipment, such as a demccu!a­tor and printer.

The third question deals w itha matter o f confusing words, inwhich confus ion Zacharias isnot alone. He asks what the d if·terence is, o r relationsh ip be­tween, baud and Baudot. Let medeal with the second word first .Baudot is the common name forthe live-bit code we use onRTTY. This code is more proper­ly called the Murray code, o reven better. the InternationalTe legraph Alphabet No. 2. ButBaudot it has been fo r fortyyears, and we t ry to go wit h thetide.

Baud is an ent irely differentmatter. Data t ransm ission ismeasured in a speed related tobits per second. That measure,bits pe r secon d , i s c a l led" baud." In the case of standardham-version 6O-wpm AnY, th atis 45.45 baud. This derived fromthe length of one data pulse, 22ms. If one pulse is 22 ms, th enthere are 11.022 : 45.45 pulsesper second, o r baud. Simple, no?

Another newcomer, Avery Co­marow W40GK, from G reatFa lls, Virginia, writes of hisproblems with FSK ve. AFSK tn­put to a sideband transmitter. Ifyou look at the spect rum of SSB

But, if you slow the scan rateso that it takes, say, severalm inutes to cover the screen,then you can slow the mocutat­ing waveform down accord ingly,and with it reduce the band­w idth . That i s exactly whatSSTV does. By sending one p ic­ture every eight minutes, ratherthan thirty per second. the moo­ulating frequency is reduced tothe point where It may be super­imposed upon an audio carr ier.The carrier is then shilled in fre­quenc y in order to encode thelevel of modulation, much as theRnY signal is shifted. But here,rather than being only on or o ff,the frequency may vary any­where between the mark fre­quency, here defining a blackscreen, and space, for white.

No w there are some prob­lems. For example, if you sentan SSTV signal out and used aATTY si gnal to modulate thecarri er, you would be send ingout a form of AnY In SSTV'sclothing . That scheme was de­scribed recently in 73 as a per­missible way to send ASCII o verthe air before it was fully author­ized. But let's avoid the excep­tions and deal with the generalcase, OK? For the sake of thisdiscussion, AnY is for send ingtext to a teleprinter and SSTVsends p ictures to a TV monitor.Fig . 1 Is an attempt to show themechanics o f this trans ition ingraph ic format.

Zacharias' next question re­lates that several shortwave re­ceivers have a AnY pos it ion ontheir panels. He wonders whatthat is for and if it Is usable onAnY. Well, reca ll that we saidthat ATTY is sent w ith audiotones. If you put these aud iotones into a well-designed side­band transmitter, what wouldcome out over the air wou ld bean rf carrier, shifting in frequen­cy, exactly analogous to thesh ift ing audio tones. Th is iscalled FSK, o r frequency sh ift

four megahertz in bandwidth re­qu irements.

these exact frequencies may behas been well def ined.

Looking at audio frequenc yshift keying, an audio tone o f2125 Hz is normally used as themark frequen cy. Durin g thetransm iss ion of one character,the freq uency is abruptl ychanged, In step with the pat­tern of bits delinlng that char­acter, to the space frequency.Using the long-standing stan­dard o f an 850-Hz shift, or differ­ence between mark and space,this would yield a 2975-Hz toneon space. These days, narrower17G-Hz shift is used; in th is case,t he space would be 2 125+ 170 = 2295 Hz.

I realize that this is a very briefexplanation of redtcteretype.but t he thing to keep in mind isthat the c arr i e r frequen c ychanges state abruptly frommark to space and back again.This sh ift is in tune with a bitpattern that defines each cnar­acter to be sent.

Now, SSTV stand s for Stow­SCan Television, and, while italso is sent by frequency sh iftkeying, it is an entirely d ifferentanimal. A television picture Isproduced by a scanning beam ofelectrons sweepi ng across acathode ray tube, covering theentire viewing su rface in one­thirtieth of a second. The jnten­sity of that beam is modulatedin order to produce a picture andthe fa ster the beam travels, thefaster the modulation must varyin order to keep up, if you will,with the t rave ling beam. A fasterbeam thus requires a highermodulating frequency, and corn.mercial TV signals approach

,

It seems as thOugh interest inAnY has never been h igher.Maybe iI's the time of year:maybe the computer revolutionhas something to do with it . Ilike to think that this columnplayed a signi fi cant ro le in theintroduction of AnY to hamswho m ight otherwise havemissed out on this great mode.This month, I am going to re­spond to the large number ofnewcomers whO have addressedthe quest ion of entry into AnY,particularly using a computer o rvideo-based terminal.

I have a letter here fromZacharias Llangas, who reads73 at his home In thessarcnu«.Greece. He is interested in AnYbut has several questions re­garding AnY that help to il­lust rate some basic points.

Zacharias' first question askslor a definition of AnY and howthat differs f rom SSTV. I thinkthat the confusion In your mindcomes from the fact that bothmodes are t ransmitted usingsimilar techniques. But therethe sim ilarit y ends. To beg inwith, let's look at RnY. Hadlote­letype, abbreviated RnY, Is amethod of encod ing data oe­scribing alphanumeric charac­ters by defining two d iscretestates of a ca rr ier f requency.Since each character Is definedby a number of bits, five in thecase of Murray code and eightwith ASCII (which we shall drs­cuss later), and each bit may bein one of two states-on oro ff - so the frequency sh ift isdefined. The on state is termed" mark" and the off state is"space." Arbitrarily at first, andlater through legislation, what

73 Magazine · November, 1981 167

Two manual antenna tuners from Daiwa.

NEW PRODUCTS

•

t ransmitters being marketed,you will quickly gain an appre­ciation of why AFSK is so popu­lar. Many 01 these rigs eitherhave sealed vIas or have circuitsdifficult 10 shift and still main­tain stability. That makes a man­ufacturer of interfacing equip.ment nervous. So, lor such amanufacturer, the most straight­forward way 10 interface withIhe vast number of rigs oullhereis to provide a signal that anytransmitter can accept-audio.They assume, and you shouldensure, that any spurious emis­sions should be down fa renough so as 10be legal and notcause trouble.

DAIWA ANTENNA TUNERS

Daiwa announces two manu­al antenna tuners for the hamthat refuses to compromise Onquality!

The CNW-518 is a lightweight,rugged tuner rated at 2.5 kW(PEP), 1 kW CW (50 % duty). Itwill match unbalanced linesfrom 10 to 250 Ohms impedanceand features 80- throug h1O-meter coverage including thenew WARC bands. Attractivestyling and planetary gearingprovide opera ting ease andpleasure. Insertion loss is lessthan .5 dB.

The CNW·418 is rated at 500Watts (PEP), 200 Walls CW, andincorporates the same features

My advice Is thalli It is not 100much work to directly frequency­shift your transmitter, do it. Ithink the result s are better, andthere Is less chance of difficulty.By the way, if you do use audiotones, remember to use lowersideband to transmit. Audiotones are normally high space,low mark. Using lower sidebandreverses this relationship intothe common FSK standard lowspace, high mark. That meansthat even on twenty, where up­per sideband voice prevails, uselower for ATTY.

Avery asks another questionwhich Ithink the readers of this

as the CNW-518 except plane­tary gearing.

Both manual tuners featurethe unique Daiwa cross-needlemeter that shows forward pow­er, reflected power, and result­ant swr at a single glance. Maxi­mize your antenna system per­formance with these new Daiwatuners! For more information,contact MCM Communications,858 E. Congress Park Drive.Centerville OH 45459. ReaderService number 479.

MANHATIAN SORWARE'Saso LOG

Manhattan Software's new­est release, aso LOG, will guar·antee a reputation for a one-

column might be able to helpwith. He is looking for objectiveinformation on the HAL ST-6000demodulator. Unable to f ind anyreviews on the TU, he is unwill­ing to buy it without some im­pression of the unit . Ali i can sayIs that the ST-6000 has a goodheritage, through the ST-6 line,and that, examining the manual,It looks like agoed demodulator.I certainly would be interested inhearing from users of t heST-6000, pro and con .

A lot of the information cov­ered this month is basic and en­try level. The need for more up­to-date material is strong, and

nomenal memory for amateurradio operator users. When theoperator hears a ca llsign on theair, he types It into his TR5-80,and all the details of the lastcontact with his fellow hamflash onto the screen.Written bya ham/computerist , the programhas won high praise from hamswho have tested it.

aso LOG remembers all thedetails-call, name, OTH, date,time, band, R$Ts, and notes onthe conversation and the con­tact's equipment. The 16K ver­sian holds 70 OSO records andthe 32K version holds 190. Theprogram dumps to tape, loadsfrom tape, and allows on-screenreview of all OSO records, up­dating of contact in formation,editing, and delellon of ent ries.

Printou t is available, withca lls sorted by country and UScall area , in notebook format forpunching and retaining in a3-ring binder. A disk version will

there is a new source for this tn­formation. Soon the 73 Bock­shop section of this magazinewill carry the announcement ofthe New RTTY Handbook, aboutto be published! Containing allkinds o f c ircui ts and data, thi sbook covers the gamut of RTTY,from circuit diagrams of maochines to computer programsfor operating ATTY on the air.Watch for it!

Last December I coveredsome gilt ideas for the RTTYer. 1have received quite a lew com­men ts o n t hat; watch nextmonth for some more ideashere, in RTTY Loop.

be available in the near future,with Immediate random accessto OSOs in a disk file and with amuch larger capacity for storingcalls and OSOs. The cassetteversion (16K or 32K) will run onModel I or III and Is availablethrough dealers or direct fromManhattan Software.

For more information, con­tact Manhattan Software, POBox 1063, Woodland Hills CA

9 1365. Reader service number485.

SIMPLE TUNER

Simp le Tuner re e RTTY tuningaid that uses an array of LEOs toindicate the presence and thefrequency of audio tones. Thearray is organized in 3 rows and4 columns, each column indicat­ing a different frequency. Thefi rst column indicates 2125 Hz,the second 2295 Hz, the third2550 Hz, and the fourth indl·ca tes 2975 Hz. The top and bet ­tom rows are used to show whenthe tone is too low or too high.and the cen ter row Indicates"just right."

This ability to instantly Iden­ti fy 17o-Hz, 4250HZ, and 850-Hzshifts, together wi th the abilityto see which way to lune yourrece iver, makes Simple Tuner atremendous asse t to any RTTYstation. Wi th practice, you canusually tell whether the signal is" rightside up" or " upside down."Since hearing the tone Is notnecessary, deaf hams and thosewi th severe hearing loss cannow enjoy RnY.

Simple Tuner is completelyexterna l 10 your TU and requiresonly audio from your receiverand a simple + SoV and ± 12-Vregu lated power suppiy. (II youw ish , yo u can use ± 12-V

168 73 Magazine · November, 1981

,---..'

~

I

-

MFJ·1 200 CWCOMPUTER INTERFACE

The new MFJ-1 200 CW corn­puter Interlace converts audiofrom your receiver to TTL orRS-232 so your computer can" understand" it. II also lets yourcomputer key your transmitter.

When combined with a per­sonal computer and appropriate

-

Shack Desk Irom Ricker Equipm ent, Inc.

ESR24 Irom R.L. Drake.

I

For more information, con­tact R.L. Drake Company, 540Richard Street, Miamisburg OH45342. Reader Servi ce number482.

splash-proof housing. Attractivestyling makes the ESR24 sun­able for commercial or privateins tallations.

For further information, con­tact Ricker Equipment, Inc., POBox 12304, Fort Wayne, IN46863; (2 19)-745-0825. ReaderService number 488.

DRAKE ESR24

The ESR24 Earth Station Re­ceiver has been introduced bythe A.L Drake Company, Mtam­Isburg, Oh io. This 3.7-4.2 GHzrece iver is designed lor satelli l etelevision reception and tee­teres digital channel display,preset and var iable audio sub­carrier selector, etc for stability,and fu ll metering. For fns tatta­t ion versatility, the downcon­verter module (supplied) may bemounted internally or at theantenna. Accessories for theESR24 include a remote control ,a remote tuning meter, and

The Shack Desk is made ofwood, wit h prefabricated up­rights and lumber shelves. Theshelves are edg e--g lued, solidlumber designed to carry hamgear weight loads, Inc lud inglinear amplifiers. The standardShack Desk prov ides a desktop30" deep by 36" wide, with 4shelves above the desktop thatare 12" deep and 36" wide. Asecond 18" -deep she lf 36" wideunder the desktop level provideshandy storage for reference ma­terial. All shelves are vert ica llyadjustable on 2" centers lorposrncn, InCluding the desktoplevel.

The unit is completely opencons truction at the sides andback lor maximum air circula­tion. Shack Desk offers a linesolut ion to hams who are work­Ing under crowded conditions,making It possible to go uprather than to spread ou tward.

For hams with plenty ofspace, the unit Is also available42" wide or in doub le wide unitsof 72" or 84" . An optional sideshelf unit may be attached tothe desk with 12"-deep shelvestop to bottom. These can beused for addit ional equ ipmentand/or a technical library. Hamswith large equipment will appre­ciate the unit with deep desktopand shelves-the upper shelvesare 18" deep and the desktop is36" x 36" . Shack Desk is soldunfinished with the particularf in ish left up to the individualuser, but it is a simple job to puta finish on any unit.

level more than any other unit onthe market.

CURTIS 8044B KEVER CHIP

Not all Morse operators real­ize there are two basic types ofiambic operation used In mod­ern electronic keyera. Type A, of­lered by the standard Curt is8044, does not produce a follow­ing alternate element when asqueeze is released during anelement (an element Is a dot ordash). Type B, employed in key­ers from AEA, 'ren-rec, Nye,Heath, and others, does pro­duce a following alternate ele-­ment after squeeze release. Forexample, in a type A instrument,squeeze release during the dahin the let ter " A" will produce Justthe " A". In a type 8 unit, thesame action will produce an" R". Si m ilar ly, In an " N" .squeeze release during the ditproduces an " N" with type Aand a " K" with type B units.

In order to provide lor bothuser groups, Curtis Electro De­vices has designed a new ICcalled the 80448 (8044BM if thespeedmeter function Is includ­ed). Priced the same as the stan­dard 8044 (and 8044M), the newchip is pin-for-pln compatibleand can be used In any ex isting8044 socket (or 8043 socket withslight modificat ions). Th is isgood news lor operators whotrained on the type B models.

For further Information. con­tact Curtis Electro Devices, Inc.,Box 4090, Mounta in View CA94040, or call (f I5)-494-7223.Reader Service number 484.

unregulated il you use SimpleTuner as a standalone unit.) Thecircuit board measures 5" x7.5". Simple Tuner is designedto mount directly to the frontpanel of a cabinet and Is com­pat ible with the "S5-20" bus.

After a year o f continuous useand having shown this unit tomany hams and using their ln­put, we are convinced that Sim­ple Tuner represe nt s a realbreakthrough that can benefitanyone active In RnY. For moreinformation , co nt ac t InotekEng in eering, PO Box 110,Spanish Fork UT 84660. ReaderService number 478.

SHACK DESK FROM RICKER

Ricker Equipment, lnc., ofFort Wayne, Indiana, has fn­trcducec a new and unique op­erating desk for use with hamradio equipment and computerscalled " Shack Desk." It makesuse 01 the space above desktop

73 Magazine · November. 1981 169

Complete Hemtrontcs VHF FM transceiver all on one PC board.

New MBA -RO from AEA.

170 73 Magazine . November, 1981

MMS1 MORSETALKERTALKING CODE TUTOR

Microwave Modules Ltd . hasannounced a new Morse codetutor, the MMSl Morsetalker.The Morsetalker is superior totapes because It offers instruc­tion tailored to an individual orgroup's specific needs, yet itdoesn't require the presence ofan instructor.The Morsetalker isa sign ificant departure from ear­Iier tutors in that it features avoice synthesizer which pro ­vides talkback 01 the Morseafter transmission, allowing thestudent to check his copy. lm­portantly , the Morsetalkersends completely random codegroups, eliminating memonza­tlon.

Both beginner and expert areprovided for with three differentcharacter group lengths-oneletter, five letters, or fifty letters(in five-character bursts) beforetalkback. Once the group issent, the speech synthesizer" speaks" the ten ere it crevices­Iy sent in Morse code. For thosewho no longer require speechta lkback, continuous Morse canbe sent.

there are six learning lev­era-aetters only: A·F, A·M, A·U.A-I:, numbers only: 0-9; lettersand numbers: o-Z. Morse can besent at speeds between 2 and 20wpm. At speeds below 12 wpm,the Morsetalker employs theFarnsworth method, with thecharacters sent at 12 wpm andlengthened spacing betweenletters. A high·speed conversionIs available that will send atspeeds between 12 and 48 wpm.

The MMS1 is housed in a dur­able drecast enclosure measur­ing 7·3/8" by 4-314" by 2·1116".Circuitry includes two micropro-

Alan Chandler, said the MBA ln­corporates automatic speedtracking, ensuring no loss ofcopy due to rapid speedchanges in signal reception. Hesaid the MBA requires a 12 V dcexternal power supply, making itIdeally suitable for portable,mobile, or fixed operation.

Lamb said the MBA reader isan ideal t raining device becauseit reinforces audio copy withvisual copy.

Specifications are subject tochange without notice orobliga­non. For more information, con­tact AEA, Inc., PO Box 2160,Bldg a & P-2006 196th SW,Lynnwood WA 98036. ReaderService number 481 .

MBATM READER ONLY

C. Mike Lamb, President ofAEA, Inc., announced that hislirm is introduc ing a reader forMorse, Baudot, and ASCII oper­ation. Designated the MBA·RO(reader only), he said it is a state­of -t he-art device using a32-character vacuum tluores­cent alphanumeric display.Lamb said the az-cnerecter dis­play allows lor up to five wordsto bedlsplayed at one time. Thisextended display is especiallyuseful during high-speed copy.

The equipment features In­clude speed capabilltiesol upto99 wpm for CW copy, 50, 67, 75,and 100 wpm for Baudot, andASCI I at l 10 and hand-typed 300baud. The MBA's designer, Dr.

mode, and power on. Are·verse/normal switch will invertthe output level to the computerII desired. It operates on &9V deor 110 V ec with the optionalMFJ-l309 ac supply.

The all aluminum cabinet Isblack and eggshell white andmeasures 6" x 1-314" x 3" .

The MFJ-l200 is availablefrom MFJ Enterprises, Inc., POBox 494, Mississippi State MS39762. Reader Service number483.

NEW HAMTRONICSVHF FM TRANSCEIVERS

Hamtronics, lnc., well knownfor high quality FM transmitter,receiver, and power amplif iermodules, now has a completeVHF FM transceiver all on onePC board. The new model FM·5transceiver kit is available lorthe 6m, 2m, and 220 MHz hambands and may also be used insome countries on adjacentcommercial bands. It operateson up to 5 channels at 10 Wattsoutput. The rece iver uses 10poles of 1·1 filtering and dualgate MOSFETs for superior se­lectivity and crossmod rejec­tion.

By mounting all components,Including controls and heatsinks, right on the main PCboard, construction is simpli­fied and cost is reduced. cect­nets, microphones, and crystalsare readily ava ilable as options.

For further Information, in­eluding a 4O-page catalog of allHamtronics kits, contact Ham·tronics, Inc., 65F Maul Rd, HiltonNY 14468, or phone (716)-392·9430. (For overseas mailing ,please send $2.00 or 5 IRCs.)Reader Service number 480.

really works to clean out in­terference), shapes the signal ,and finally converts the level ofthe signal to TTL or RS-232 soyour computer can use it.

For transmitting CW, theMFJ·l200 takes keyboard-gen­erated CW at TTL or RS-232 c ut­put levels from your computerand drives high-voltage keyingcircuits to key your tube or send­state transmitter (-300 V, 10rnA max., + 300 V, 100 rnA max.).

The MFJ-l200 has 3 red LEOsto indicate tuning, transmit

sollware, the MFJ-l200 can giveyou a complete and versatileCW keyboard/reader combina­tion.

For receiving CW, the MFJ­t200 processes the received CWaudio from your rig to provide aclean ccmputer-ccmpatible TTLor RS·232 leve l signal. TheMFJ·1200 limits the noise on in­coming CW signals, filters It toremove interfering signals,sends the desired signalthrough a detection stage, postfilters the detected signal (this

The Astra C from Cubic.

cessors. two memory chips, anda handful o f other res and semi­conductors. Jacks are availablelor an external speaker, taperecorder, key, and power at 9 to13.8 vol ts at 350 mAo For moreInformat ion, contac t SpectrumIn ternational, Inc., PO Box 1084,Concord "-fA 0 1742. Reader Ser­vice number 487.

CUBIC ASTRO CHF TRANSCEIVER

A new HF tra nsce iver isavailable from Cubic Communi­ceucne. Priced and desi gned formili tary and com mercial use, itshould nevertheless be ideal fornxoec ntrcnere and other hamswho demand a lot from theirequ ipment.

The Astro C Is lu lly synthe­sized and covers 1.8-30.0 MHz in1()().Hz steps. Frequency selec­tion Is accomplished by a VASscanning system similar to thaton the Astro 150, keypad entry,co mputer cont rol, or an acces­sory remote contro l. 100 memo­ry channels are available andwill st ore information on fre­quency, mode, sideband seiec-

t ion, fi lter bandwidth, and more.Memory channels may be pro­grammed wh ile the radio is Innormal operation without dis­turb ing the frequency you areactua lly operating on. A 24-hourc lock is provided, and a IlIh lumbattery will keep It and thememories alive independent ofexternal power for 10 years.

Modes available are full o rsemi break-In CW, SSB,ISB, AM,AnY, and SSTV. The solid-statef ina ls are rated fo r a 100% dutycyc le and produce one hundredWatts o f output In SSB and CW oThe re ceiver Includes suchamenities as f ilters for 2.4, 1.8,and .5 kHz, as we ll as a 60kHzfilter for AM. A tunable notchfil ter allows rejection of " tuner­uppers : ' Frequency stability isclaimed to be within .0001%, butan external standard can beused for greater stabili ty.

Wherever ham rad io takesyou, the Ast ro C should stand upto it. It weighs in at a reasonable42 pounds and measures 7 inch­es high by 17 Inches wide by 17inches deep. Operating temper­ature range is from - 30 to 65

degrees C. It wilt withstandshock and vibration to M IL-STD810C. It is weatherproof to MIL­STD l 08E, and even the trent­panel speaker is waterproof.

Pricewlse, the Ast ro C is outof reach lor most amateu rs, butCubic is working on a more rea­sonably priced ham vers ion thaireta ins most of th e Astro c'sfeatures to be ava ilable next

Spring. All ind ications are thatCubic intends to playa promI­nen t ro le in the ham market,bring ing to bear th e sophisticat ­ed technology used in theirmili tary and commerc ial equip.ment. For more informat ion,co nt ac t Cubic Communica­tions, 305 Airport Road, Ocean·side CA 92054. Reader Servicenum ber 486.

LETTERS

IKL7 SCHOLARSHIPS

We are read y. How aboutyou?- NBRK.

er into this interesting part o felect ronics. Your Ju ly issue withthe fine story and photos o f theTurks & Carcos Island rnstaua­non of Coops was tops ...

Now ret's see a flood of TVRO" how to " artic les-and wh ileyou are at it , how about some2300 MHz antennas and down­converter constructi on articles?

Wilbur T. Golson W5CDBalon Rouge LA

The An chorage Amateur Ba ­ere Club Is proud to announcetha t it has established twoscholarships-one each at theUniversity of Alaska, Anchor­age, and at Anch orage Com­munity College. Each scnorer­ship is for $500lyear and willcover tui tion and lees for twosemesters. The scholarship atUAA is open to all applicants,wi th preferent ial considerationgoing to ham s or those active inamateur radio. The one at ACCis lik ewise unrestr icted, a t­though preference will be shownfo r s tudents in e lectron icstechnology.

The c lub has recent ly estab-

1 ----'

IHAM HELP

Informat ion regardi ng thesc holars hips to be award ednext year will appear in the Aprilor May issues of the major ama­teur radio publicat ions.

Hugh A.. Turnbull W3ABCCollege Par1l MD

I wish to express my thanksfo r pulling my request for apower supply and schematic fora AN/PRL9 In your Ham Helpsection. t was not aware of sucha servic e and I did not request itto be done. I wa s surprised toget a letter from Bob Bennett,Las Cruces NM, te lling me of h ispower supply for a AN /PRL9. Heis going to send me the sene­mattes for It .

Since I'm not a ham, such ahelp section is very handy tohave, espec ially to me. Again,thanks fo r your interest.

Dick HoweWesleyville PA

1__-

IMEETING THE CHALLENGE IReferrin g t o the T VR O

challenge (page 6, September):Yes, by a ll means let's get deep.

• The Radio Club of AmericaScholarship (S500)- Carl H .Puckett KA7BWC, Great Fa llsMT;• The Edmund B. RedingtonMemorial Scholarship ($500)­Craig S. Young KA5 BOU, GretnaLA;• The Young Ladies Rad io Lea­gue Schol arship ($300)-ClaraL. Muller KA2DYC, AmsterdamNY.

Th ese schola rs hips wereopen to all rad io amateurs nero­ing at least an FCC Genera lc lass license or equivalent. Thisyear's applicat ions were re­ce ived from 29 st ates, the Dis­tr ict of Columbia, and Canada.The Foundation is a nonprof itorganization represent ing tcrty­nine c lubs in Maryland, the Dis­t rict of Col umbia, and northernVirgini a. It is devoted exclusive­ly 10 promoting the interest ofamateur radio and to the scien­tif ic , litera ry, and educat ion­al pursuits that advance thepurposes 01 the Amat eur Rad ioService.

F.A.R. WINNERS

The Foundation For AmateurRad io has announced th e 1981winners of the eight scholar­ships which it adm inist ers:• The John W. Gore MemorialSch ola rs hip (S900) - Brlan D.Miller KAlJDGT, Eng lewood CO;• The Richard G. ChichesterMemoria l Scholarship (S350)­Al lyn A. Anderson WB7RVP,Cove OR;• The QCWA Silent Key Memor­ia l Scholarship ($500)-StephenKetler WA 1FW A, West Bridge­water MA;• The QCWA Silent Key Me­morial Scho la rsh ip ($500) ­Gary Myers WA2CUN, Skaneat­eles NY;

from page 73

tha t the more things change themore they stay the same. . . andthe beefs don 't Change either.Tslf. I say ba lderdash 10 yoursad fis t of woes.-Wayne.

1 1

73 Magazine· November, 1981 171

lished a special scholarsh ip ac­count, with the intent of perman­ently endowing the scholarshipprogram. At this time, most ofthe funds come out o f the gener­al operat ing budget 0 1 the club.We would like to change that sothe interest earned on a specialaccount will cover scholarshipco sts and have moved towardthat objective. While the clubmembers are juStly proud of this

accomplishment , we would liketo invite others to jo in us in thisworthy cause, Any donations reoceweo will be placed in th escholarship account and the m­terest earned from the accountwill help provide coneae-reveteducation to young people,

The AARC cordially invitesyou to join us in this ellort. Otherc lubs might want to help us or

even to establish such a senor­arsmo of their own. Individualhams may want to cont ribute totheir local club programs oreven to the program here in An­chorage. In any case, the cost issmall, but the rewards are great .Contributions may be sent tothe address shown below. Theclub is a tax-exempt crcentae­tion but cannot accept cont ribu­tions that are tall deductible.

Imagine having someone in afull and rewarding career whowill always remember that rad ioamateurs he lped make thatpossible.

Steve Norrell KL71YXMember, Board 01 Directors,

AARC5018 Knight's Way

Anchorage AK 99504

1275 N. GROVE ST.ANAHEIM. CALlF_92806 (714) 630-4541

NOTE: Price, scectncenons subjec t 10 change wilhoul not iceand oblig~ l lon.

KT·1 Computerized Keyer WithAll Fea tures of Above Traineris A lso Allailable in SamePackage

• Automatic Speed Increase, User May Program: StartlngSpeed, End ing Speed, Practice Duration; 5 Letter codeGroups or Random Space; Common or All Characters.

• Precise Speed Control 1 to 99 WPM (Tailor to Your ExactRequirements).

• 24,000 Character Answer Book Available For 10 StartingPositions.

• Random Mode For Pract ice (No Answers),• Operates from 12 V.D.C.

Derrick Electronics714 Wes t Kenosha Broken Arrow, OK 74012 Toll Free 800-331-3688

A EA Brings you theBreakthrough!

INTIMIDATED BYMORSE CODE?

THE NEWAEAMODEL MT·1COMPUTERIZEDMORSE TRAINERMAKES MORSECODE EASY ANDFUN TO LEARN.

..-31 'I ' CI.

ALL NEWt 5 Meter Mobile CW 8.. USB

Z t .ooo-z t .4 50 MHzHigh lOW (P[P) low IW (P[ P): VFO tuning: noise blanker: flne­tune 5B. KHz :I: CW o tt-sen diglf~ J frequency coun ter : 13.8V de@ 3", negauve ground: 1 9 .5·· II W 9 ·' II H I .S·': weighl (1.3 kg)5.7 lbs.: mobue mount ing bracket .

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this publicationis available inmicroform

Universit y Microfilms International

300 North zeee RoadDept. PRAnn Atbol' , M I.al06U.S.A.

-----------73 MagazineSubscription Dept.PO BOll 931Farmingdale, NY 11737

73 Magazine does nol keep subscri p­tion records on th e premises, there­lore ca ll ing us only adds time anddoesn't solve the problem.

Please send a description 0 1 theproblem and your most recent eo­dress label to :

$tJJJsc(.fptionProbli!m.?

the Spring

Book List.

tor oonstderaUon tor

submission

of new

manuscripts

December 1, 1981 deadline for

For subminionl prOCedy,e. andrut' ''e . ,nlo rma llon, contlct

C"". CrOC k•• . EdItor. WlyfWI Gf"" 8oolo1 ,P.t..~". "'..... Hempsh".~58

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172 73 Magazine · November, 1981

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, PNONE: 1- 21 3- 357· 1875 f nr C.O.D.SIDMT am P.O. Pol: 2335 11ao"11OII...E. CA. 91115

HAM HELPlet me know the frequency.GMT, and date to meet you onthe air. I am now waiting for myNovice license. and by the timeyou read this I should have myGeneral class.

Help ! Help! I need a sche­matic for an NCX-5. Thanks.

Kay Clausen WH6AGA73-1161 Mahilanl Dr.

Kallua·Kona HI 96740

MA1012A CLOCK MODULEComplete alarm clock module with special

transformer and spec sheets included.Just add switches.

8.99 ea. 3/24

I would like 10 convert aKn ight T-60 &8Om transm itter tosideband operation. Any inter­mation about this mod would beappreciated. Also , il anyoneneed s a Knight T-60 manual forhis set, he can contact me.

Kevin NealRte. A, Box 221AFlippin AR 72634

I would li ke 10 purcnase sever­al 7094 transmitting amplif iertubes or rece ive information onwhere they can be purch ased.

Tort Isaacson KOH QW65 Dallbrook Ct.

O'Fallon MO 63366

I would like to get in louchwith hams in Salzburg, Austr ia.

I would also li ke to get Intouch with anyone who hasmade a weather radar receiverand weather satelli te receiver.and anyone who has converteda ac-cnennet SSB CB to 15meters.

K. C. WalkerRoute 3, Box 97

Rocky Mount NC 27801 USA

8038INTERSll

FUNCTIONGENERATOR3 .99 e e 5/17 .50

Although I am not an amateuroperator yet , I would be verygrateful for any information onthe BC348-0. an Army SignalCorps receiver that was usedduring World War II. I am try ingto get one of these going alter40 years of Inactivity In a musty,wet basement, for use as a f irstreceiver. I am particularly inter­ested in a schematic and In op­eration instructions. Does any­one know whether any of th is in­format ion is available? All Iknow is that these receiverswere for sale as surplus after thewar from ads In a postwar radiomagazine called Radio News.As I said, I would appreciate anyInformat ion or references fromanyone familiar with this pieceof equ ipment.

Steven laplnskasUniversity of lowell

PO Box 2029lowell MA 08154

.43" Common CathodeLED Display

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MPU'S, EPROMS, MEMORYAND MUCH MORE

I would apprec iate any sug­gestions on how I could removethe glass lens from an automo­bile headligh t in orde r to use theremaining ref lective surface lorso lar energy experiments. Forsafety precaut ions, I broke thevacuum sea l localed in the backof the headlight.

Marvin Rosen N3BQA20 W. Madison st.

Baltimore MO 21201(301)-685-6308

Has anyone converted the" global" program for calculat­ing the distance between youra TH and any city in the wor ld asdescribed in th e December,1977, 73 Magazine (page 1(6) toruse with the Rad io ShackPocket TRS-8O? The Pocket-80won't handle 2-letter, or tet ter­numer ic (i.e., AB, 2A) string var i­ables, among other things. Anyideas/help will be appreciated.

Gary Payne KE6CZ1347 E. Dakota

Fresno CA 93704

I am looking for an CU-2861FRR-33 antenna coupler to com­plete an AN/FRR-33 radio receiv­Ing set. Can someone help me?

Roberto PieracciniVia Vittorio Veneto 66

51013 Chleslna ueeeneseItaly

174 73 Magazine· November, 1981

Quiet running, 7.blade tan, 23 CFM, l ow profile, only3\1" ' 3\1" square. Use In standard 3\7" high rela~ rackpanels.computers. tape decks, power supplies,HI-fi &Him eQuipmenl 1l5 V,r,C. ~/60 Hz @ 14 amps.

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73 Magazine · November, 1981 175

OSCAR ORBITSTUNING IN TO OSCAR 8

OSCAR 8 is the only amateur satellite available for everyday com­munications. Using the satellite for two-way contacts requires a2-meter signal of about 100 W ERP. This can be achieved either byusing a linear amplifier or by erecting a high.gain antenna which ismovable in both azimuth and elevation. Such complexit ies are un­necessary, however, if you simply want 10 usten 10OSCAR 8. In fact,listening to OSCAR 8's to-meter downlink is a fa irl y simple pro­cedure and an excellent introduct ion to the fun of satelli te com­munications. The satellite operates in Mode A (to-meter downli nk)on Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday. The only equ ipment re­quired is a rece iver capable of tuning the high end of the to-meterband and an omnid irect ional antenna or dipole for 10 meters. Youwill also need some idea 01 when the satellite is in range. The simplemethod outlined below will help you determine when to listen forOSCAR 8, and it requires nothing more than a pencil , paper, and apocket calculator. The method works sat islactorily for all locat ionsin the northern hemisphere.

WHEN AND W HERE

The first step in using the data in the chart of orbital informationon this page is to divide a sheet 01 paper into three columns labeled"Orbit No.," " Time," and "Crossing." Select a day that OSCAR 8 isscheduled to be in Mode A, and write the corresponding orbitnumber from the chart in your fi rst column. Then get the time andequatorial crossing longitude from the same row of the chart andwrite them in the second and third columns. You should now haveone row of data on your paper, the same data found in the chart forthe date you have selected. At this po int , you are read y to calculatethe equatorial c rossing time and longitude for each orbit of theselected day. A pocket calculator will be helpful for this, but even so,the process will be time consuming. We all must make sacrifices inthe name 01 progress!

Now, add 1to the orbit number and write the result just below thefi rst orbit number. Add 103 minutes (t hour, 43 minutes) to theoriginal time in row one and write the result in co lumn twoolthe sec­ond row. Finally, add 26 degrees to the long itude in row one andwrite the result in column three of row two. You should now have twocomplete row s 01data in the homemade table you are construct ing.Repeat this procedure, adding 1, 103, and 26 to the most recentnumbers in columns one, two, and three until the total in COlumn twoexceeds 2400 hours, ind icating that you have reached the end of oneday's calculations. Whenever the total in column three exceeds 360,simply subtract 360 from the number belore writing it into the table.There should be 14 or 15 rows of data in your completed table.

What you have just done is to develop a table showing the orbitnumber, crossing time, and equatoria l crossing longitude lor eachorbit in the selected day. In essence, you have lilled in the gaps inthe charts printed in the magazine, which show data for only the firstorbit 01 the day. A new table must be created lor each day you planto listen for OSCAR 8.

We are almost ready to choose a time for listening to OSCAR 8,but you must first determine your longitude. This is easily done byconsulting a road map, most of which show longitude and latitudearound the perimeter. Now examine your homemade table. Scan thethird column , looking for crossing longitudes which are between ap­proximately 10 degrees west of your longitude and 35 degrees eastof your longitude. You shou ld find two or three suitable longi tudes inyour table. When you f ind them, go across to column two and ci rc lethe times correspond ing to these longitudes. On the day in question ,

176 73 Magazine . November, 1981

those are the best limes to start listening lor OSCAR 8. If you livenear the equator , you will begin to hear the satellile a lew minutesbetcre the calculated time, while more northerly listeners will hear italler the calculated time.

This is a relatively crude calculation, but It should allow you tohear OSCAR 8 reliably. It is important to remember that the satelliteoperates on Universal Time (UTC). Thus, when we speak of Mondaybeing a Mode A day, we are refer ring to Monday UTC, not Mondaylocal time.

WHAT YOU'LL HEARThe OSCAR 8 to-meter downlink spans the frequency range from

29.400 to 29.500 MHz. A Morse telemetry beacon on 29.400 MHztransmits cont inuously at 20 wpm, sending coded informat ionabout the condition 01 the satelli te. The telemetry consists ofseveral groups 01 three digits each. Listening lor the te lemetrybeacon is a good way to be sure you are hearing OSCAR 8 and notsome other amateur activity on the same frequency.

When the satelli te is in range, you will hear many asos in proq­ress simultaneously in the 100 kHz that comprises the communlca­trona passband . Although satellite users tend to stick to a band planwhich calls for CW at one end 01the passband and SSB at the other,there is considerable mixing of the modes. OSCAR contacts tend tobe short, since the satelli te is in range for a maximum 01 only 20minutes.

If you have 435-MHz receiving capability, try li stening to OSCAR8's Mode J transponder. Its downlink is 435.100 10 435.200 MHz.ModeJ is activated on Saturday, Sunday, Tuesday, and Friday (notethat OSCAR 8 is in Modes A and J simultaneously on Tuesday andFriday). The Mode J telemetry beacon can be found at 435.090 MHz.

You may have noticed that Wednesday is not mentioned as eithera Mode A or Mode J day. This is because Wednesday is set aside forspecia l experiments and Ihe satellite is not available for normalcommunications use, although you are welcome to listen 10 theday's activit ies.

When Iislening to OSCAR, you will notice that the frequency ofthe transmissions from the satell ite is constantly changing. This isthe famous Doppler shift, caused by the high relative velocity be­tween you and the satellite (thousands of miles per hourj]. You willneed one hand on the tuning knob almost continuously dur ing anOSCAR 8 pass.

OSCAR represents an exciting opportunity to learn and perfect anew communicat ions technique, and listening will get you started.For more information about amateur satellites, write to the AmateurSatellite Corporat ion (AMSAn, PO Box 27. Washington DC 20044.­WBBBTH.

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73 Magazine · November, 1981 177

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178 73 Magazine ' November, 1981

OX Guide from page 80

and WAE Contes ts, two ofthe ma jor OX events of thesummer months.

The most distu rbing partof The Complete Id io t'sGuide to DX, however, isthe inclusion of five pagesdescribing the va rious sortsof turkeys which inhabitou r OX bands . Unfortu na te-

Mlcron's from page 92

you want to measure (devolts, ac volts, de current,or resi stance - and a few of­fer ac current scales). Thenyo u need to select therange withi n that funct ion,and you might have five o rmore ranges for some func­tions . Furthermore, youmust have the probe polari­ty correct for dc measure­ments o r the meter will ind i­cate an erro r, forcing you toreverse your test probes- anuisance at best.

The new Rad io Shack Mi­cronta LCD Auto-Ra ngeDigital Multimeter offersmany of the newest DMMfeatures in an under-S1 00instrument. A single four­pos ition se lector knob a l­lows you to measure devo lts, ac volts, resistance,or de current with a large31fl-d igtt float ing-decimal­po int LC D readout. As youmake the measurement, thedecimal point moves to theproper position, automat i­cally setting the properrange. You can measure upto 1(XX) volts o n de. 500volts rms on ac (accurate toabout 15 kHz), dc currentup to 200 milliampe res, andup to 2 megohms of resis­ta nce. If the test probes areco nnec te d " ba ckwa rd s"(reversed polarity), the di s­play shows a minus sign,but the actua l readings a reunaffected . If you go over­range, the display goesblank except for a "1" onthe left side.

A range-hold feature, us-

lv, any DXer finds out aboutthese birds soon enough,and there is no reason tospend t hi s mu ch space air­ing our di rty laundry andunnecessa rily discouragi ngthose who ha ven ' t yetfound o ut th at the gobbleof most turkeys is mu chworse tha n thei r bite . Aword of warning would besufficient; Gregg indu lges

ually only found on moreexpe nsive auto-rangingDMMs, a llows you t ofreeze the dec imal poi nt lo­cation fo r additiona l read­ing within that range . Thissaves the time no rma lly re­quired for the meter to seekthe correct ran ge . Th erange-ho ld feature is en­abled by mov ing the on-offswitc h to the ra nge-ho ldpos ition whe n the desi reddeci mal-point locat ion isd isp layed . Th is fea t u reworks for ac voltage, devoltage, a nd resistancemeasurements . The c ur­ren t-read ing disp lay has on­ly o ne decim al poin t loca­t io n (100.0), and so it ap­pea rs range-hold would beunnecessary. Howeve r, ifyou go over-range (over199 .9 rnA), the de cim alpoint disappea rs when youcome back into range, un­less you are in the range­hold condition!

A standard 9-volt battery(a lka line is reco mme nded)powers this DMM, andabo ut 8 mill iam peres isdrawn from the batterywhen the DMM is on. A sub­miniature phone jack is pro­vided for a Radio Shack65-731 o r 273-1431 acada pte r ($4.95, 9 volts de,sub miniature phone plugwith positive tip). Whe n theadapter is plugged in, thebattery is disco nnected. Asma ll " BT" o n the left sideof the display a lerts you toa low-battery co nd itio n.

On analog meters, a noverload could burn outthe meter coil o r bend the

in overkill in his descriptionof "Amateuris Vulga ris."

We have been assuredthat the second edit ion ofthe book, which should beavailable shortly, t acklesmost o f these pro blems.

This book doesn't haveall the answers. If you'reloo k ing for ta il-e ndi ngtechniques or wa nt to knowsplit-freque ncy tactics ,

pointer. Also, most analogmultimeters need zero ad­justments , and many usemirrors behind the pointerto avoid pa ra llax erro rs inreading. This DMM has ef­fective overload and tran­sient pro tection and is pre­ca librated. so no zero ad­justments are required . Aminiatu re 1-Amp fuse isbuilt into the battery com­partmen t to protect theDMM if voltage is appliedto the probes when measur­ing current or resistance - ano-no!

The DMM is easy to read,since the dig its a re 3/8"hig h. There a re four digits,but the fi rst digit is eit herblank or a 1. The refore, themaximum re ading is 1999,making 2000 the over- rangecond ition. O n the voltageand resistance fu nction, thedisplay reads ,<xx> when theun it is tu rned on a nd theprobes are held together.The refo re, you can effec­tive ly read .cxn volts (1 mil­livolt) o r 1 O hm (since theO hms scale di sp lay iskil ohms a nd mu st be men­ta lly mult ipl ied by 1(00).When used to measure dccurrent, the decimal pointis stationary at the 100.0 po­sition, so the lowest curre ntresolu t io n is .1 milli am­peres (100 mic roa mperes)and the maximum read ingis 199.9 mill iamperes .

J found the M icrontaAuto-Ra nge DMM ve ryeasy to use and easy toread, provided you ignorethe decimal point exc ur­sions as the DMM seeks the

you'll have to find themelsewhere (preferably byli stening to how the bigguys do it). But if you wantto start out in DXing aspainlessly as possible andwould like to know at leastsome of the rules beforeyo u join the gam e, TheComplete Id io t's Guide toDX will be a very wortb­while inves tment. •

proper range. I was disap­poi nted in the lowest volt­age range (2 volts) havingo nly a 'l-mllllvolt resolu­tion. Many recent DMMshave a .2-volt scale. allow­ing read ings down to 100microvolts. Also, since thisDMM has only one currentrange (199.9 milliamperesmaximu m), you can't use itfo r measuring either lowmicroa mperes or currentshig he r tha n 2 Amps. The re­sista nce scale is limited to2 megohms maximum, in 1­Ohm inc rements .

Conside ring that th isDMM includes a n LCDreadout. the auto-rangingand range-lock features ,and overload protection fora comparative ly low price,it's sti ll an exce llent buy fora ge neral-purpose multime­te r. For la boratory use,whe re high precision is re­quired, you might find aninstrument with extendedlower ranges necessary.

A rugged gray plasticcase, 1-1 /8" x 8-7/32" x4-1 /8", houses the approxi­mately one-pound uni t. Aha ndy fea ture is the ca rry­ing handle, which swivelsdow n to fo rm a tilt-up sta ndto hold the DMM at a con­ven ient viewing angle. Testleads are included, bu t thebattery is not. The 12-pagemanual is easy to followa nd includes a completesc he ma t ic o f the uni t.Ava ilable from any Rad ioShack store o r participat ingdealers as Catalog Number22-196 . Re ader Servicenum ber 476.•

73 Magazine. November, 1981 119

Dalwa from page .f0

The switchless. tweaklesssystem is even more usefu lwhen prun ing antennas orad jus t ing antenna tu ners,particu larly whe n using asolid-state transmitter. Asyou adjust a tu ner, swr canjump way above 3:1 . caus­ing the transmitter's swrprotection ci rcuits to re­duce output power dra mat­ically . Us ing a ty pica lmeter, the re fl ected powerwou ld appear to go down,and you could be tuni ng forhigh swr rathe r than lowunless you zero the forwardmeter every time you tweakthe tuner. With the Da iwam eters, no m atte r ho wmuch the power output of. .your ng vanes, you a realways looking at an ac­cura te measu re of swr.

P-310X from page 52

pedan ce is a nominal 50O hms , Cain of up to 20 dBis possible, cont rol led by afront-panel knob over a 15­dB range. The 1 .8--54-MHzrange is spanned in fou r dis­crete segments. selected bya front-panel switch: 1 .8-4,4-1 0,1 0-23. and 23-54 MHz,respec tively.

I mentioned the bi-l inearfeatu re-when you trans­mit, a special rf sensing c ir­cuit automat ically con­nects the transceiver direct­ly to the antenna, bypassi ngthe preamp. At the end ofeach tr an smi ssio n, the un itswitc hes back to rec eivewith a slight delay. adiust­able from 1/2 to 3 secondsby means of a panel cont rolfor various ope ra tingmodes an d operato r prefer­ences . This fea ture makes itunn e ce ssary t o be con­ce rned with trying to hoo kinto the transceiver's push­to-ta lk (PTT) or voice­controlled-t ransmit (VOX)line to cut the preamp inand out when swi tc hingfrom transm it to receive . o rvice-ve rsa . An internal fo ur­tra nsisto r ci rcui t ta kes ca re

About the o nly drawbackto the Daiwa meters hasbeen their expense, but thatstumbl ing block has nowbeen removed . There a rethree compac t new metersavai lab le. and they a re con­side rably less expens ivet han their pre de cessors,which are still available.They are less expensive be­cause they a re more limitedin the frequency range theycove r an d offe r few erpower ranges. In many ap­plica tion s, these limita tionswon't make any diffe rence .The new models a re theCN520, cove ring 1 .6-60MHz , the CN54O, coveri ng50-150 M Hz , an d t heCN550, cove ri ng 144-250MHz. Each meter offerstwo power ran ges. 200 and2 kW at fu ll sc a le with theCN520, and 20 and 200

of the rf sensing, rel ay ener­gizing, a nd va riab le-delayfunctions. An "off" positi onon the del ay cont ro l not on­ly deactivates the prea mp,but a lso se rves to bypass itfo r those occasions when itisn't needed . An LE D on thefront panel indicates whenthe pream p is in-line.

I've alluded to the fa cttha t a receiving preampmay not be a nece ssary in­vestment for everyo ne .True, most new rece iversand tra nsce ivers have ex­cellent sensi tivity o n a llba nds, at least when theya re fa ctory-new. But after afew yea rs, tubes (if em­ployed) may get weak , ci r­cuits go out of tune, noisefigu res go up - slow pre­cesses -but so slowly tha tone may not reali ze theya re occurring. Hooking upthe Palomar o r a simi larpreamp to a n old tube-typereceiver badly in need ofa l ign me n t a nd s itt inga round gathering dust canbe an especially amazi ngexpenence.

Even with newer tra ns­ceivers, performance maybe marginal on the top twoHF ban ds - 10 and 15 me-

Watts with the o ther twom e t er s . A pus h-buttonswitch loca ted on top of themeter se lec ts the ra nge .50-239 an tenna connec torsare provided on the rearpane l, The compac t tri o didwel l in the real m of basicperfo rma nce. Run against aBi rd wa ttme ter, a ll threemeters appeared to be wellwith in the 10 % margin ofaccuracy the man ufa cturerclaims. Although their ca bi­nets a re pl asti c , therewas n' t any noticeable in­c rease in RFI float ing aboutthe shack when o ne of themete rs was put in-line, andwe checked 80-10 meters,six meters, two meters. and220 MH z.

Conclusions

These meters a re small!In many insta llations the

ters. Design compromisesa re always taken in tra ns­ce ive rs and will be furtherex aggerated as the threenew WARC bands a re de­signed into t ra nsceive rs .The preamp should be par­ticula rly effective w iththose tra nsce ive rs us ing thepi-network output of thetra nsmitter sect ion as thereceiver's rf stage inpu t.Many suc h units suffe r apronounced drop-off in sen­sitivity on 15 and 10. muchlike t hei r o lder vacu um­tube brethren. The inclu­sion of six-meter cove rageo n t he Palomar preampmakes it suita ble for pep­ping up a 50-MHz transceiv­e r as we ll.

I tried the preamp with aKe nwood T5-1 80 5 t ra ns­ce ive r and an R-10<X> com­muni c ati ons re c e iver ,which are no slouc hes inthe sens itivity department.The preamp did no t notice­abl y improve reception o n160, 80, o r 40 meters, butdid he lp dig down into thenoise fo r weak-signal OX onthe higher bands through 10meters . This was espec ia llytrue of the T5-1805 on 10.The pream p's inhe ren t rf se-

sma ll size will be an ad­vantage -a meter can besqueezed into t iny spaceswhere nothing else will fit.If your taste run s to RC-8/Uo r RC -21 3 for interconnect­ing equ ipment. take care tofix the meter in place oryou' ll fi nd it d isappearingove r the rear edge of yourtable, pulled by the weightof the coax,

The c ross-need le meterapproach to measur ing swris c leve r yet stra ightfo rwa rda nd re pre sents a note­worthy advance over theall -pe rvasive switch andtweak boxes cu rrentlyfou nd in most of ou rshacks. For more informa­t ion. contact M CM Commu­nications, 858 Congress ParkDrive, Ce n t e rv ill e O H45459. Reader Service num­ber 477.•

lect ivitv was helpful on allbands in reducing signa love rload from adjacent orout-o f- ba nd s igna ls. Thi sc ha racte ris t ic wa s ve ryhelpful whe n used with theR-10<X>. whose slow-recov­e ry age system occasionallygets bom bed with strongsigna ls, and the T5-180S,whose front end occasio n­a lly lets through a few spu­rious. image-like signals .

All things conside red, theP-31 0Xd id a very c reditablejob in my shack; in trans­ceive ope ra tion, the relaywas qu iet and positive-act­ing. Had I had avail able anold clunker transceiver orreceive r o n which to experi­ment, res u lts pro b a bl ywo u ld ha ve been evenmore impressive. Neverthe­less. t he re were a few minorpoints that warrant consid­eration by a prospectivepurchaser.

It's easy to m istune theunit if o ne isn't ca refu l. Th iscan resu lt in the image o ro t he r spu rious frequencyranges being boosted, tothe detrimen t of the desiredsigna l. Tune ca re fu lly!

There is no atten uator o r

180 73 Magazine . November, 1981

provision for use with a sec­ond antenna . The formerfeature would increase theunit's capability to handlec ross-mod and overloadingeffects, while the latterwould add flexibility in con­necting. say, a general-cover­age receiving ante nna with­out need for an externalcoax switch. Interestingly,the Swl.-or tented receiverpreamps (models P-305 and

IC·730 trom page 76

however , has power tospa re. An o utput level potlocated inside the rig's bot­tom cover was read justedto increase output from 110to 130 Watts o n 20 meters(as read o n my Drake W4wattmeter). By the time thisreport appe a rs in print, Iwill have read justed thatpot for an exact 100 Wattsoutput and be enjoying therig's marg in of safe ty. The rfpowe r cont rol m ountedconcen tric with the mikegain d irectl y va ries outputindependent of mike orspeech processo r leve l. SSBopera tors who enjoy QRPopera tion can reduce pow­er output while maintainingfull aud io. The 730 drivesboth my Drake L4B andhome-b rew " cl a ss ic-kilo­wa tt" amplifier (Decem be r,1978, 73 Magazine, pg . 22&)to their usua l outputs .

A large final amplifierheat sink is affixed to the73O's rear, and a twist-bladefan moves a ir diagonallyacross the sink whenever the730 is in transmit mode. Thesuper coo ling seems like amild overkill, as the sink hasye t to become noticeablywa rm. The manual explainsthat high sink temperaturewill ca use a thermal sensorto inc rease the fan 's speed,and also keep it on duringreceive (ev ident ly after a2o-minute transmission intoa 3:1 swrt). A barely percep­tible wind norse was no­ticed and cleared by remov­ing the fan/s ink rear cover.The cover's removal also

P-308) both incl ude thesefeatures; each has a switch­able 2o-dB attenuatcr andtoggle switch used to selecteither of two antennas.

An extra rf output for asecond receiver would beuseful, to allow simple con­nection of, say, a general­coverage communicationsreceiver and a transceiverto enable the preamp to

permits more efficient coo l­ing. Swr shutdown checksshowed full o utput until2.5:1. At 2.7:1 swr. the out­put dropped to 70 Watts,and at 3:1 , output de­c re ased to 55 Watts .

During CW operations,the transmit signa l is shift edapproximately 400 Hz. Ico mpe nsa te for that shiftby turning the RIT co ntro ltwo divisions lower in fre­quency. This maneuver wasinitia lly plotted us ing a sec­o nd receiver to monitorboth sides of a QSO con­ducted with the 730.

A key must be pluggedinto the 730 In order totransmit a carr ier. I bypassthis requ irement during mo­bile operation with a direct­shorted phone plug in thekey jac k.

Bells and Whistles

The 730's digital ized dualvfo's are fully microproces­sor-controlled, and thevfo's may be operatedtrensceive or used for splitoperations as des ired . As ing le reprogram mabiememory IS provided foreach band. The memory isalso tunable, with memoryrelease-and-recall returningo pe ra t ion to the originallysto red frequency. One canthus operate a net andchase OX on both CW andS5B portions of a band atthe same time. Pushing therig's write button (wit ho utpushing the memory but­ton) will sync both vfo's onone frequency when need­ed (such as init ia lly hunting,spotting, and ca lling a OX-

perform double duty. I useboth the TS-180S andR-1000 and have to use acoax switch to take care ofthis chore. Adding an extraoutput should be a simpleproject, as the back panelhas space for an extra jackor switch.

Despite the few detrac­tors I mentioned, the Palo­mar transceiver preamp is a

pedition upon their " fire­up"). Another button lockstuned frequencies to pre­v e n t a c c ide ntal kn obbumps from changing fre­quency . The tuning knob'stension/drag is also fully ad­justable by a screw accessi­ble through a hole in therig's bottom.

The 730 also features aninternal relat ive powerwattmeter (accuracy varies15 percent of my W4 ). ave ry effective speech pro­cesso r, and an swr br idge.The contro ls for these unitsare located beneath an ac­cess cove r on the rig's topleft area. The front-panelmeter is thus used to read5-units, a le, rf output, andswr. The "eve rything-in-one­box" arrangement can't bebeat!

Up/down band scanningis po ssible via an optiona lm icrophone. Since I've yetto locate a " sc a n n in gmike," I dug into the 730'smanual and schematic fordetail s. I had the rig scan­ning w ithin 10 minutes! Theability to lean back a ndtune the rig remotely ISgreat, and I'm now planninga keyboard system for en­tering frequencies d irectlyinto the 730's m icroproces­so r.

On the Air

The 730 received its in i­

t ial checkout during the1981 Radiosport Contest,and it performed like a OXchamp on both CW andSSB. The barefoot rig per­formed comparably to myT5-120. Switching o n the

good, dependable, and stur­dy un it; it's representativeof the generally high qual­ity of the company's acces­sory product line. Too, theattractive a lum inum fro ntpanel and vinvl-ccve redmetal case add a good dealof "cl ass." The 2% -pound,8" x 5" x 3" P-310X is avail­able from Palomar Engi­neers, Box 455, EscondidoCA 92025. •

730' s speech compressoradded "7 league boots" ­and ca lled for redu cing rfdrive to my am plifier. Theincreased d uty cycle wasquite noticeable on thewattmeter, o n the amplifiertube plates, and on p ileu p­c rack ing abi li ty.

W4CEC and I recently ex­changed rigs for a day toevaluate signa ls. The 730'stransmitted signal is quiteclean, with ever-so-slightlymore high frequency aud ioresponse than a T5-820 or120 (only apparent throu ghdirect compari son andknowing the other person'svo ice). The speech pro­cessor add s punch wh ileproducing a ba rely percep­tible change in tr ansm ittedaudio response.

Mobil ing with the 730 isshee r pleasure. The qu ietre c e iver a nd t he no rseb lanker give me the impres­sion I'm in a d iffe rent auto(my previous rig showed 57ign it io n no rse: the 7 30shows S2 ignition noise).

Conclusion

The leom 730 is qu ite arig for the money. Its nu­merous features and state­of- the-a rt technol ogy re in­force my opinion t ha t a newrig is o ne of today's bestdoll ar va lues . lcom offe rs afairly extensive line of ac­cessories, includ ing match­ing power supply, externalspeaker, linear amplifie r,and a mob ile antenna. Formore info rmatio n, contac tIcorn Corporation, 3331Towerwood Drive, Suite307, Dallas TX 75234. •

73 Magazine· November, 1981 181

HAM HELP

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1need a schematic lor a NavyRBH-2 general-coverage systemCNA46188 receiver manutac­tured by National under its ownmodel number NCl56-1 . I amwilling to pay a reasonableamount for the schematic andmanual. Thank you.

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Electron icDistr ibu to rs

sur MAI~RDERsrEOALS

I recently purchased an oldHa ll icra lt ers linear ampl ifier,Model HT 41. I need to get acopy 01 the schematics and, ifpossible, operating tnst ruc­nons. If anyone can fu rnishthese, I will gladly pay costs.Thank you.

Glenn Churchllt KA21011 Meadow Rd.

Hudson Fall s NY 12839

I '

lish a claim with the VeteransAdministration for his deafness.

We are search ing lor any per­sonnel s tationed at GunterField, Montgomery, Alabama,between 1942-1945, so that wemay discuss the possible recol­lection of this accident. Theymay contact me at the addressand telephone number below atmy expense.

Perhaps in th is endeavor tohelp Mart in, we may be able tohelp the other Gis he rescuedand who were also injured. Ifyou need any documentat ionthat I have for verification 01these facts, please communl­cate w ith me.

Mrs. Ruth Fleischer2701 East Utopia Road #110

Phoenhr: AZ 85024(602)-867-8092

I am Mrs. Ruth Fleischer, wifeof forme r se rgeant MarlinFleischer, formerly stationed atGunter Field, Montgomery, Ala·barna , ser ial '32316245 ,SQuadron c-t. 2131 AAF. BaseUnit.

My husband was in charge ofa rad io shop at Gunter Field, Pi­lot School, Basic, and the err­plane wash rack was part of thishangar. On or about July 27,1943. a fire and explosion oc­curred, trapping the GI occu­pants (some 01 the Gis werehams).

In the process 01 rescuingthese men, and amongs t theother disabilities received , Mar­tin lost his hearing. Now that heis totally d isabled and unable tofo llow any substant ially gainfuloccupation, he is trying to estao-

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CO....ECTORSPl·25!I'O e..c IUG-Z5~1 n .loO ..PL·2~9 P".~·O~ ' O'PI. , . hell 101S3,UPl·259 • SO·239 101'UtDoul>le M... eon....,lor Sl ,TtI '1 P.,ch _ 0 * ''''C'' ,~"" plugs u.ch oncl "1 .0Il_ .. UG 1~ '" , 1fj 10'S1."ttt<~ T I...~I tJ_$lI( I...,.., jM l!IllI S1_Tt~59" llV '.poe) 11)'tJ.ISPI. 2!>8 ldOuDI. UH~ t_ . 1e Do"'" ,..Conn'CI"'"-'h.pp,~g10"" a4ll'" $ 1 loO mm,mum

FAH CU AlOC...412 COO ..OOS'loO_FlA AES AOO ~ ""

NEMAL ELECTRONICS_ s.w .... ST.OEl"f.FU)._~:mG

TEI.lfIHOOIE1XJ5I"_

COAXIAL CABLE SALE

288,00

,.""288 .00

"'"269_00

"".0012% oil IISI

414 00731 ,00

IClo'O.oo199_002M_00' 67,004M ,00

RED HOT SPECIALS!!

Alden PCS3OlXl2mSantec HT12002m H a.ncltleldNe ...' KOK 2il25 MKIIJanel OSA52m P'eam p8 1111' C1l122il $<;anne,Kanllon lCSFOil COde ReaderAll M FJ ItemsT. n Tee Argosy Ile..Tell Tec 0.."11 Xc. ,Ten tee Omn, C XC..Regency M 100 $<;ann..San1ec ST-71T 4. 0 MHz H a.hdtl. ldAeA MOfsem ll t,cS...an 100MIlAXCVR

PIIC" U, tl,O'Cf fO c" a" 90' "" ' llOu f nO',eeSASE fOf o l ne' RED HOT SPECIALS ....... a."" U!oM

Ben Franklin Electronics115Yl N Main Hi llsboro KS 67063

316-947·2269

S1799 5EM:H

se e O~"vtAliD.

SEND CHECK ~ONH

OIlOER 0 11 Ct AT IFltDf ......DS TO,..

PO &0' ...of;f;& • AUI'lO!'!ACOl.ORAOO eoou

DEPT Me

THE HMR IIMICROWAVE RECEIVER SYSTEM

14' dB I1A IN. TUIlABl£ 2.1 TO 2B GHI RAMGEBMOfjTH WARlWITY · COMPUTE-READYTO INST AU

PARTS Of HillA I AVWlII.l $lPAIlATE LY

f Oil THE LOWEST !'IIICE 0111 OUAIIlTIn OIlOEIIS.COOs. M(; 011 " ISA OIlDEIlS (;ALl:

.... 9 303 8Z0·Q738

r C.S. TO 10 METER KITSAM flUCA'S ' 1 SOURCE FOR

10 MfTER C.I. KITS

IN STOCK- Kil s for rnost C.B. ModelsCOM'Un KITS-Inc ludes a ll parts anddet<l i led msuucnoos .CUSTOM ENGINEERED- Fo r easy inst all-ar ion wlth m ini mum l ime and equtp-ment .flVUILE l AND COVlRAGE- To provideup to I MHz coverage for most P_ L_ L.chassis.LOW COST- Prices range fr om S 10 .00

to SSO.OO.FREE CATA LOG- writ e or call laday.

AM ERICAN CRYSTAL SUP'PLY CO M PA NYP'.O. lOX 638W EST YARMOUTH, M A. 01613(6 11) 77 1·4634 ~ , ~

73 Magazine e November, 1981 183

LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICESBEST POSSIBLE WARRANTY

S-L1NE OWNERSENHANCE YOUR INVESTM EN T Ror;li9 A!n0.1eurs

T.mpo Hondl'leld

un.OII~95 . 00

IOlI l.7~

.. W I.I I,_.

SoH 2n.11 ..i l ~ T_'...

Sol l lS.eo ll' ~H.

Son l59.00 .. ;1~ TO,, ' M

S"" 3 14.10 .wo MH.

S-4"·\l 35UI0 u Hulton Pileis-.t.T_U• )77.00 I t BoonOll PM

" nu, z lit....... '> "' . "

'" l 14. 11 ..l l~ T_'...

A._ f'(:~lOOD l "I.,..t "oJoIS..on ,b irO 1028X

1 '~" 'I ",OmMII '

~......_ ..r, .... _ ....... --.

( :UI)',lJ'>" b,...._ ·,, ......1<..., .. ,.....mrtriaI rqooo; ' ;.., .

2317 V..- Jacbon Rd.San A.ntonlo , TX 7821

(800)53 1-5405 (5 12)734-7793 in Texasr .O .B. ORIGI""

Write or phone fa,specs and prices.(707) 462-688 2

P lug -,ll. so lid ~ t a' e lUbe r ep lacp men n

• S·line perfor mance-solid state!• Heat dissipa t ion reclue.d 60%

• Goodbye h.r<f.1~find tu bl1• Unlimited equi pment Iif.

TU BESTER S cost less t ha n two l ubes ,and are guaranteed for W long as you ownyour S-Iine.

with

TUBESTERS TM

SKYTECBox 535Talmage. CA 95481

roodel III 16K

$839

2.$A G,ealIlOO(ll, nl.loll, MAo Oi lo60

~11 • • aa . 3193

$310

com

­computer 4K

OUA NAME SAYS IT ALl!

Amateur AccessoriesMORSE· BAUDOT· ASCII

FOR THE TRS-SO MODelS I or III

NEW!

P~rsm on C....tt. or Disk

~ JENSEN TOOls INC~ "In., p .... <" OJ> "mp<' AI !IVA'

- no programming ellperlence required-lull i nslruCIiOnS l or tne newcomer-20 prep ared messalles :CO , OTH . 73.

RST. asv. osv + . aSY- , aRZ. etc.- no RS·232 in terlace req uired- TU-170 1erminal un il recommended-PORT aero decoder is required- specify model ilnd cassette or di sk

AI.o cont.'n. te.tequ'pmentplu. wide . e le d ' o n 01

toollrft. and e• • e.

...........'. npw calalog is jam_pack~ wilhmore Iha n 2000 qua lily Ile m. , Your singlesource lor herd-tc-ftn d precis ion tool. a ndtool klls us-ed by electronic lechnlclans,SClenll"s. engine,..... Instrumenl mechan_Ics. Khool.. laboratorle5 and governmentage-ndn. s-d for yo<P" free copy loday!

RICHCRAFT ENGINEERING LTD."1 Wshmed. Indultrl,l PsrkCh.ut.uqu,. NY 14722·1085

~ .,.

COD ortl,,. US only (71S) 753·2854

MOASE 8 to 800 WPM .$29 postpaidBAUDOT 60-66-75-100 $29 postpaidASCII-11 0 Baud ... .. $29 postpaid

. ATIl

.-

Price 5029.50UP $ INCLUO[t)

PO-I P....... Kit _ 51 SO

• <10-0. ,. ,ny , ., . . ... .. 'ow..

. ~ ,,,, """ .M "........ ._.· 0-_'. ...,_ w"," . ..... ..._<'_ '.0_• c..>o...'oooI _ '-...

· ~""" .,_ -· 0",.••, 1 1, ,,' aI1<>w.

0"," •• •" .,d 10 ....

...., ' , .., of " .J

,• I·nJ

•

.11"""".... "

P..TEOfTEO

THE PROFESSIONAL.

TOUCH TONE

ENCODER.L . .~~ An uttl'll h~h quality

~fo<p<O""lonalapplication. Absolute reliability andfunction make. the difference. There'. aPlpo encoder lor avery system andapplication. Totally' HNlceable, •••1. I.operate and Instal . Cafl or write'OI ,..cat./og lind InformatJon! (213) 852-1515or P.O. Box 3435, Hollywood. CA 90028.

,., ," '00'

MOOU50-1 UNIVERSAL ANTENNA STANDOff

lj)ipoC8ommunications "EmphaSIS IS on DualIty & Rehllo<hry .... 300

IlX EOUIPfllEnT ltd.• 0 ",.. • 0_ , . .... _ .. ooסס

..1N YE VI'l.INGVAN GORDENASTRON POWER SUPPLIESALLIAN CEM INI PRODUCTSAK!GA,WA METERS

.'W

IN STOCK-Kit s l o r most C.B. Models

COMPUTE kiTS-Includes <'I II fMrl'> <'Indderaued inslfuClions .

CUSTOM (NGINURIO- Fo r ea!>)' inst.i'lll·anon w ith minimum rime ~nd eqorp­

m ent .

fLUI'U '''ND COVlR"Gl- To p ro v ideup 10 I MHl coverage for mOSI P.LL

ch~sSiS.

lOW COST- Pr ices ra nge from $ID.OO

to $50.00 .fRll C"T"lOG- w rl l e or c~1I toctey.

C.B. TO 10 METER KITS"MElKA'S '1 SOURCE '01

10 MElli C•• . xrrs

Watch us"'" mo<e i.-..s on lhe ....... lulurll '

CALL O' WRITE lor OUf price 01'\:

KEYERS & PADDLES COA X SWITCHESHEADPHONES ROTATOASMICROPHON ES SPEECH PROCESSORSTUNERS PHONE PAfeHES2M RIGS & AMPLIFIERS CWISSB FILTERSANTEN N"S_HF, Vh F MORE- NOW & FVnJRE

W e look tOfWllfd (0 Quotong yQUf needsAsk abOut delivery to the Richmood!Tidewliter areas!

•

,o\MllllCAN CIYST"l SUPPLY COMP"NYr.o. lOX 638WIST YAaMOUTH. MA. 0167](611) 771-4634 .... 7

Tfle ne... lind ACTIVE dealer In AK:1'Imond/Ti<iew"i1ter..... Qw.ht: Ill...."'" RadIO ptOduets you k """, ~...."rlYGAINITELEXYOCOM/\.lOEN (ne... PeS 3000)BENCHERHI \l KEYPALOMAR

18-4 73 Magazine " November. 1981

MORSE CODE SEND a RECEIVEw...........__• VIC "" CaO-COMf'VTEa

PERIPHERAL PRODUCTS303 S. VERMONT 11.\1 .

ROYAI.O AK. MICH. 410671-313.399-3990 ..... 473

MOOSlCOOf Al)APTI ' C W e-.. .._ _ •.,.... _ t , ..__ ......."'_.. "_ _ _ t-....., , _. _ .. 11 001",.. ,",I0o..,_0<11ס I l Xl 00

12 ... D.( , _ ........ "'C 199)»<____ _J.. ..._~-._ . .......... .... _(_._2_,.......

- ...........--_ -_ ...---_nu. ..c l>1c~! _ ... _ _ ,......."

--)l"''''_ '' 32'-~_.... """,, -.~--_ ._ .---_ ----_.,.. ""- .......···In t,jI _ • .., $>( " ' 0'"

INDEPENDENT ~ "

CRYSTAL SUPPLY COMPANYP.O. Box 183

Sandwich, Ma. 02563-0183(617) 88&4302

CB TO TEN METERCONVERSION KITS

KITS for AM- SSB- FM 40 Channel Pllchassis conversionsDETAILED INSTRUCTIONS lor easy in­stallallon with minimum time and equ ip­mentBAND COVERAGE fleXibility providesup to 1 MHz coverage for most PLLchassis.PRICES Low cost prices range from$8.00 to $50.00

All kits are In stock includi ngseveral different FM kits.

FREE CATALOG Write or call today.

REMOT E 40 CHANNEL C.B.RemaIn "a.e a mel.1 ' .ame. Spe.ker.pl .."c case.•nd conl,OI moe no' ,nc 'UIledSold .. IS $14.95 ee

C.B. BARGAINc.B. _ .dS m.IS'''ll POO'" Of d.mage<!CIon tie Use<! 'Of so.,. pans. Buy .....al "

$3.50 ea0"10' ,nTOlma llon: Plea"" .dd $.00 fo.Si H " 1 UPS. OOO's .CCOflled lor O,oell,o lalo ng S5(1.(10 or mote , FIQ< 'da '8 """".dd . % salesla. M,n,mum Of_ SI5.oo,For e ....n o,aell US r" ntl5 OfIt ~ a<ld 20 % 10'SIH MASTER CARD and VISA ac c,pled

Su rplus Electronics Corp.T29( '" W "'Ih SlM,a" ,. <, .1:1166P .... .llY.> 8Il 1-a228

C.B. SPECIAL(Repeat of a se ll out)

CONVERT TH ESE TO10 METER FM

Now Hy'Ga,n .0 eMnn.1 prinled ei.eu' ltlOardS assembly (Sq uetch POt. . olum,Conl.ol and ch.nnel . wtlCh nol inctudedlBo.arlt, IOI<l II is . 0;......._ 6·'.e"

1- 9 pcl $1.50 .a.10-49 pcl $8.50 ee.(While quant i!i" ta'l)

u ... .,

""".."

...,-,..,..,- --",-,, "- ' ~ ..­_.... ..._......._.....

vc ;ro w . """':"" _v_.. , + '" 1_ _ ' _n

C....'.. , _ 00<. ,_ 1..

1_"..._, ' _

QUALITY MICROWAVE SYSTEMS

Calf. res.add 6"299$

STATE-OF-TH~ART 2 METERMICROC OMPUTER- CO NT ROLLED

TRANSCEIVER

BARGAIN PRICEDI

AZDENPCS-3000

B. G. CARL ELECTRONIC11128 Claire Ave.

Northridge, CA 91326Calt. (213) 363-1216

Other AZDEN er,Jip.lacc. discounts

FREE SHIPPINGANYWHERE IN U.S.A.

lJ' s Incredible!

Now You Can Master Code .For your hI l i Mffi bc.. w;<> or upgrw ,n ...mdller of d"Y"_CO DE QUICI< is d l<!voh,hOf\dfy b r....k lhrough dll.:;ovl" y wh kh dra~

IK411y srmp/J~ I"'" Ip/l, ng 01 Mar....Cod<>Don", tortu..• jIOU . ....N th <'In POd"""l "",zoo01d'll dnd dahs W"hCO DE Q UICK e.xh1"110" magKa lly ,,,lis OUI Its o wn nam," Youriund l,ng k'l ~ontd,"S 5 pow<" pac k,'d Cd'selln."~ br",,, klh rough , .. ,cis. dnd ollg,n.>! "",nu.oI Wro l'" toro,.l~kor wnd $J9.9Slod.dV 10

WHEELER APPLIEDRESEARCH LAB ... 6

P O &,. 3261Clly 01 Indus. ..... . C A 9170H

Ask for CODE QUIC K #103(Ca lli "dd 6' \, sa WS la , I

Even If you nave faikod belore C O D EQUICK must UJOrk for you or retu rn

the kit for 101011 tmmedld l" ,,,fund'

RECEIVERSR·1143IWRR·3· 14-600KhZ AM 'CW-FSin h~e bands;mechanical lIQiIaI luning ~ ... .8 ",.~17 V..16¥. ~ . 80 100 . ,,-..".Used. checked $295. f • " I :.Ma nua l parter repro: $15. • • •, ..R.388IURR • 0.5'30.5 'f

Mhl in 30 bands: rackmounl. Mil-Col lins 51J.3:10'h. 19Jc1 3-. 55 Ills Used. checked: $400.Manual. partial repro: $ 10.HAMMARLUND SP-600JX · O.!)4·~ Moz AM ·CWin seven bands: rackmoonl. 10Vlx19x17 w

, 851bs.Used. checked : $285 Manual. partia l repro $ 10 .R-648IARR-41 • 190-550 Khl ancl 2·25 Mh.Z AM-tWin 25 bands: mecl'latWcal digital luning Requires 24 VOC4 amps; 7';,_16.13'1. .. , 35 Ills, Used. checked: $205.Manual. partial repru $ 15.0133 HF RECEIVER · 0.2'30 Mill sse·AM·ON in 30 bands. set is Collins 5151 repackaged byLTV·Temco lor mil·alrt:lorne use: black front panel . AMBFO. extra fillering , 6V• • 18'1• • ,3" . 42 ItIs Used.checked : $850. Collins 5151 manual: $ 15 with Gl33

purchase WRITE fORCA TALoo 4 SUPPLEMENT.

Ptlces F.O.B Uma. D. · VISA. MASTERCARD Aeclpted.Allow 101' SOl/ping . Send lor He. FREE CATALOG!

Add"n .pl. 13 • Phon. : 4191227-6513+2!!P~M

CLEANSMOOTH

BENDS TO90'

\EASY TO USE!BUILD CUSTOMCABINETS YOU'LL BEPROUD OF I (OMMERCIALQUALITY at '/10 THE COST II

GUARANTEEDI c1a'!'p.NO COD 0" CIl.£DIt CMOS . not Incl .ALL O"DI:RS IN US I'U"NDS. 95ALL roTU:IGN OlWt l'-S ADo

$5. 5 0 SHI PP IN C IN ADD ITI ON 21­TO p.a . .... 336

Z~!~~CIATESJ'" III JI TIl "'I-I.nVll $rI'IloGJ. FU. n u . -'

I THE t£ BRAKE

BEND

&FORM ~.-'~./.0bO ALUM .& STEEL I

'n" •• • n .

• u .,p• ~• •• I... ....

· ~..~'"

• h " ••• , .

• <••,. , t.O, oM. Tt. . 100"'..... . ~.~ . ....11

· "".'••' u" !'h ." '••. _ p

• •••p ~ ••• n "".

· .••••, .~......".1 tI ' ••,••, .....

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• . , 1. , . , , ....

• • • ••Un•••l u ,......".

• h _'p ••'. J I~.h .

..,,'-" .............,.~ ...._........-,.".,

.... . , • •••" "0.00 ONLY: .... 1.

.0- ... 110

:.7~~''::'' $69.95_......._........

INOTEK

ENGINEERING

PRESENTS: RTTY!

...s~ liar 0 1 Ad• • ""." 0" ~I)' 130 73 MagaZine e November, 1981 18 5

e~ . ""oe~.. [) 80, 'iXl2 [) "'~n ""!)of. "'''''' '11"" .s1~ US '"C. nTOLL·'IIU ilOOlU. ·..' U, . ·lJ. Ji · .

...377'.

We're firstwith the best:

M

Fanon Slimline 6·HLULisl price 5169 ,95/C E prlc. $tOO .ooLow coa' .-channel, "und l oan"""Th. F.fIO" Sloml.... 11·HLU II..... you .. . _ n..... 01 cty$latconlrolle<l"Cllemenl. UniQue AoulomalOC Peak Tun"'ll Qreull'di" '" Ihe 'eee..... I,om . nd l or ma..m..m se""livll y.crOI . Ihe snllle UHF b.nd. Indivld~.1 chl nnel locko..'s...,lch.... Fraq...ney ",nge 30-50, 146·175 and 4liQ-512~Hl. SO l e 2' .6'" • I " Includel rubber ducky .nl.".,.,Ord.. cryslal C""'~!CIII" torNell eIlan,...l. Made ,n Jspen

Fanon Slimline 6·HLlisl price 5149,95/CE prl c. $99.00.-CII.""., IN"'o""."oa ., "·o".n,," o..a"Freq... ncy ,,"p&: 30-50; 14d'l 75 !.Ii'll-" YO" do,,·r need Ih. UHF band. gel Ihi. model and .....""""'Y. same hoon Il8r1Of1111nce . ndl..I..... as lila mOdelHlU will10ut lhe UHF band Or"" cryslal Cer1ihcales toreach ch.",..... Made In J.pen.

OTHaR SCANN.R•• ACC.aaOR'••N~I RO IlOnCV'~ 081 0 Scannar $31900NWWI f1' llOnCV' D300 SC'nnor 5219.00,,~ A811ancY' 0100 Se,nno, 5169 00,,~ f1"ll""cY' HeOoI Stann __ __ .• 5129 00A8118tlCY" IIUOO Sel nno, , 5259 00A811"'cY' .. 100 Se, nn 5199.00RallancV'f11D40 Sc. " nor. " , .. , '1411,00SCMA·ll F.non MObile Ad.ptertBalla..., Chtrger $49,00CH.ll Fanon AC Ad.ple./Batlery CharQSr S1 ~ , OO

CAT.. F,nan CI"Y1f\lI case .....Ih bell chi:> .. .•..•. Sl5.00AUC3 FanonaulOlioghler IdaPler!BllneryCl\arge< 51 5.00PSK-ll Bua Powe' Supply/ 8rad<at lor SCMA.fi $20.005P50 Be.re.' AC Adabl8\' _...•. .............. . $9 005"' Searc. r Ballery charlier, , , 59,00SP58 Burc., 4·6 ThlnSe.n ca.rymg case, ,., $\2.00MA50ll ReQ. ""y carryIng cue lor H604 ", $15,00F.E. F.equarocy Dorectory tor Easletn US A. 512.00F.W Frequency Ott'aetory lor Welle'" USA. 512.00FFD Faderal F.IIO ney Dl.telory tor U S A. Sl 2 00TSG -Tap5ee<el" Reg,l1ryOlUS Governmenl Ff8Q. . S10 00... 1,2 V AM Ni,Cad balleries (l eI 01 lou'! .. . . ,... , 5900A·135cc Cryst.1 certilic.'• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ",. $3.00Add 53,00II/'lllll)ing ror a11.cotuon.s ordered" the_ t_

INCREA.eD ,.eR,oRII"Nce ANTeNNA.If you wanl lhe ..Imoal In perlormance ' rom yourscanner. il i.essenti.1 t!>al you use an e.temal,ntenna.WfJ have ,ix base and mobile ,ntennlS specificallydesignad lor reCfJivinl/ all bands. Order . AtlO is amagnet mount mobile anlenna Order ."81 is agulle.dip mobile . nl an na. Order .M2 is I trunk·lip mobi..anlenna. Order . A6 3 is ' ... inch I>oIe mount. Order• A64 ISa "" ,nch snap-in mou nt. ,nd ' A10 Is . n ' IIbandbase stahon anlenna. All sntennas are 535.00 and53.00 for UPS shipping in lhe contmeraer Uniled Stales,

BUY WITH CONFIOENCETo . ,,111. ,_r_, fIeI-,.,_ C_ oI any SCI".,........ndor l)hOrte )'OU' or"" doreetty 10 our 5ea.-.r DIalnbutlOllCenI8\'~ Be ....e IOcalculat. you. pnca .. sing Ihe CE prlc• •In Ihl' ad. MlCh'9an ,esld",'" ple. se add 4'" ..les I..W.illen P..rC Il... Orders are aeceOled I.om 'Pproved gov'ernmenl .geneies . nd mo., well ,,'ed ri.ms . 1 • loqosureharge lor nel 10 bill,"ll. All A les a.e subleel to ,vail..blldy. accept.nce.nd ventM;a II(lf1. AlI AI..on .eeeMOna._ " nal Pnees. lerm. and Spee,ltealiOn. Ife .uI)jeet 10Chango wll l>Ou1 nollCe. Out OIslOCk ~8ITI' wll tl8 pIaeed onbIIckOf4e• • ~Io...e"eally ..nlo" CE i. inslruct ed dilterenl ly,MOSI prod ..ct. l hal we sell hsve a m.n~!aCl~'e(s srran lyF,ee copies 01warr.nties on Ihese producl . are ilablepriot 10 PUrch.se by wfll l"lI 10 CEoInl_honel orders are_ ed wilh a $20,00 ...rehlfT,le for~..I _ " "lI ;"ad",'",n 10 "'iOPing CIl-I'll'" AIllhlpmtl,,11 atO F.O.B. ArtnArbor. l,hCl'l98n. No COO"lllNse.Non-<:etldled and'ore'9"checks ,eq ..... bank Clear.""e, "" 'nlm..... order $35.00

M ail orders to: Commun lc.tlons ElectronIc . :Box 1002, An n Arbor. M ichig an 48106 U.S.A. Add57.00 per scanner or phone p'oduct lor U.P.S.ground shipping and handling. or514.00 lorlaslerU.P.S. air shipping to some locations., II you have aVisa o r Master Card, you may call anytime andpl ace a credit card order. Ord., toll Ire. in theU.S.A Dia l 800'521-441 4. II you are outside lheU.S. or in M ichigan, d Ial 313·994·4.444, 0.11.,Inq ulri• • l nvit . d , Order withoul obligalion looay!$canner Distnbulion Cenler· and CE logos . re trade­ma""s of Communicat ion, Eleclronic1l~

t Bearcar is a federally rel/ istered Irademark 01Electr,ComP'lny.• Oivision 01 Masco Corporalion ol l"diana.~ RepencyiS "edefIIlly registered 11-.:1emark of RegencyE1eet'onlCS Inc.CoPYri9ht ' 1981 Communlc.tlon, Elect, o nl ca·

Bearear" 21 OXLList price $349,95/CE p rlca 521 9 .00•••nd, fa Ch."nal a Cry..." ••• a ltC/DCFrequency r,n!ltt: 32-50. 144·114. 421·512 MHz.The B••rcar 2 1OXl .canning radiOi, lhe secondQener­.liOn .carlner Inal replaces Ihe papul.r Bearcar 210and 211. t1 hu . lmoatlwiCe Ine .canning capacity 0/the e.a,eat 2t a with tB channe is plus dual scanning,peeds and a briQht green fluo.e scent dIsplay, A..to­mati c search rinds new freq ..ence e. Fealures acanclelay. , ingle , nlenna. patenled Ir.ck tunlng . nd more'

Bea rear" 160L,st pnce 5299.95/CE prlc . $1 84 ,00...."d. fa Ch.nn.I • AC onl, a ,.,Iorlt,Du.I Sea" -"..d. a DI,.o' Ch.nn,I "00'"F.eq..enCY ranl/e: 32·50. 144-114. 440-512 MHz.WOUld you beb .11>e B, arc.r t60;s Ihe leaste.petl';ve Bearear crystelleu scanner.

Tn,. scanner presenls a new dlme"sion inscanning Iorrn and function. Look al the ,moothkeybotrd, No bullons 10 punCh. No knobs 10 turn.Inslead. finger'lip pads provide control 01'"sca.nningOPeralions., Il\Cluding OnIOtf. Volume and SQveleh. 01COU I'H Ihe 8Mrcal 160 inCOrOO<.l" Olh., adwncedBNrelr features such., Priority. o;reel ChannelAcces.s.Dual Scan sceees. Lockout . Saln Delay .nd more,

NEW/ Bearcat'" 100"'" ,.,,'-.,e,.,,.,..,_..._ "-_eJofl__.Allow 60-120 d ays l or delivery .lrer receip r 0 'order due to file lIigll demand lOt tllis productList price 54 49.95/ C E pric. 1 299.00....nd, fa Ch.n".1 e Liquid Cry,'el DI.pl.,___rch • Lim" • Hold • Lod:ou' e "C/DCFreq..ency range: 30-lio. 138·174. 406·512 MHZ.The worId" Ilrst no-ety$tal handheld sca.nner hascom pressed into a 3~ ~ 1" • t ...~ case more scanningClOWer Ihan is lound in many base or mobiie scanners.The Bearcar 100 has a lull 16 channels wilh frequencycoversge th.ll"cludes all public S&rvice bands (low.High. UHF and -r bandS!. lhe 2-Meter and 70 em.Arna" ..r bands.. p lu, M~;"ry.ndFeder.1Govemme"l'requenoe5- It has ch'em.-plated keys lor funct lOflSIhal , re user cootrolled. SUCh as lockout, manu.1andeutcmenc scan. Even seareh is provided. bOth msnualand aulomaliC. Wow...whal a sc.nnerl

The Bearcal 100 prod..ces ...diopoweroolPi/t 01300milliw.IIS. i, t r.ck-I"",e<! ,nd has select Ivity 01 bellerthan 50 dB down . nd senSItivity at 0.6 mICrovolts onVHF.nd 1.0 microvolts onUH F. PowerCOMUmplion iskept e.tremely low by using. liQuid crystal display ande.clusive low power inl el/ rated cireuils.

Included in OI.l rlow CE price is s Slurdycarrying ease,earphone. ballery ch. rger/AC .dapter, si~ AA n;.cadbailie"" and Ile . ib!e .ntenna. For ,arliesl delivery' rom CEorese rve YOUr Beareal 100 today

Bearcat'" 5List prlce $13495/CE prlc . $M.oo....nd. a C"al., CII."nal•• Lockou' a AC on"Fraquanc ~ range' 33·50. f41l-l ' 4. 450-50' MHz.The Bearcar 5 is a value-packed c~I.1 scanner buill'orIhe sca.nning orolessiOf\at - al • pne. the Ii~t-t,me

buyer can afford. Indlwlduallockoulswi1ch",. Order onecrystal Certilicate lor each Channel.

Bearca~ Four-Six ThinScan'"Lisl pnce St89,95/CE prlc. $124.00Frequancy range.' 33·4 7. f52· 764, 450-508 MHz.The incredible, Be,re.r Four-Six Thin $can· is likehaving an inl ormat ion center in you r pockel . Tn" lourband. 6 channel crystal conlrolled scanner has patentedTrack Tunin!l on UHF. Scan D~ay.nd Channel Loc koul.Measures 2'1io • 6% x t ~ Includes rubber ducky antenna.Ordercryslal certificale lor each channel. Made inJaoa"-

TEST ANY SCANNERT.sI . ny sc.nne. p...ch...d I.om Communlc.tion.EI. ct ronlc. · ror 31 d.ys belo'e you decide 10 keep~. Illor' ny ...lOn yo.. ar. nol complelely ..Iilfi..s, .el ~'n i1 inorigInal cend,hon ... ilh all pert. in 31 .u.Y5- lor • promptref..nd (le" Sh>Ol)lnwhand ~"lI Cha'VN'nd ._ Ie etadllil.

Beareat" 250LllIt pnce $429,95/CE prlc. $26 9 .00...rtd, 50 Cha",..I. ern,."••, • S••CN.ator••• R.ce"•• D,.lta' clock' ACIDCPrlor/r, Chen".1 • D.Te, • Colin' '.etureFraqufmCY range 32-50, 146- 174, 420- 5 12 MHz­The 8urCllr 250 performs any scanning r ~ nct ion youcould possibly wanl. Wilh Ptls/1 bullon ease you canprog,am up 10 50 channel' lor aulOlT\a.l iC monllOf'i1lQ.Push another bullon and seareh tor new Ireq uencoes.There ere flO crysla l, 10 limil wh" you wanllo hear. A~ial seal'(;h fealu,e of Ihe Burell 250 actuallyator", 64 t,equttnCies and reca lla lhem, on e at .. limtt.Ove.attllS cuSlomers should ordtt. lhe Surcal 2!50FBal 5319.00 eech. Thia model has 220 V ACl12 V DCpowe' 'upply and 66·88 104Hz low band c:over~.

NEW! Beareat" 20/20LiSI once $449.95/CE prfc . $219 .00' -""d,40 Ch.n".I. Crya',".a. a a..rch••AM Al,ere".nd ,..,W/e ..",1 "'"da • ltC/DCII'rlorltr C"""" a DINc'CItao elAcc... a DeM,f raq.. ....,y'.<>ga 3Z·SO. 11'·13lIAM. , H· IT4. 4"O-~ I2 I1Hz.

The Bearcar 20/20 automatic scanning radioreplaces Ihe Bearear 220 and monitors 40 t reccen­cree Irom 7 bands. Inc lud ing atrc ratt. A two-positionswitch. localed on thelront panel, allows monitoring012 0 c hannels at • t ime,

NEW! Bearcat'" 350

Chances are t he police, fire and weat heremergenc ies you'll read about in tomor·row's paper are coming through on ascanner right now. All scanners sold byCommunications Electronics bri ng thereal live excitement of act ion news intoyour home or car. With your scanner, youcan mon itor the excit ing two-way radioco nversat ions of pol ice and f ire depart­ments, inte ll igence agencies, mobile tele­phones, energy/Oil ex plorat ion crews,drug enforcement age ncies and more.

Some scanners can even monitor aircrafttransmissions! You can actually hear thenews belore iI's news. If you do not own ascanner for yourself, now's the time to buyyour new scanner from CommunIca tionsElectro nics.Choose the scanner that's rightlor you, then ca ll our to lf·free number toplace your order with your Master Card orVisa. A scanner is an excellent holiday gilt.

We give you excellent service because CEdistributes more scanners worldwide thananyone else. Our warehouse facilities areequipped to process thousands of scannerorders every week.Wealsoexportscannersto over 300 countries and military instal­lations. Almost all items are in stock lorQuick shi pment so if you're a person whoprefers fact to fantasy and who needs toknow what's really happening around you,order your scanner today from CE!

NEW! Beareat"i350TIl. Ultlmat. a rnth• • /~.d acanne,fAllow 30-60 days lor delivery ener receipt oforder due to the high demand lor this product.L ist pr ice S599,95/ C E p ri c e $4 19 .00r-••nd. 50 Ch.n".1 • AitthrNume,./e • No­cryere l . u"ner • All Alre,.elt and ""bile..",/c e bend•• • PrIority Chenn.1 • AC/DCB.nds· 30-50, 118'136 AM. 144,' 74. 42/-512 101Hz.The new Bttarcar 350 int ro duces an inc redib lebreakthrough in synthesized scann ing : Alpha'Numeric DIspla y. Push a b utton-and Ihe VacuumFluorescent D,splay switches tram " numenc" 10wo'd descript ions 01 what's being monitored 50Channels in 5 bankS. Plus. Auto & Manual Search.Search Direct ion. Limit & Coun t, Direct Channe lAcce s$, Setecnve Scan Delay. Dual Scan Speeds.AutomallCLockout. Automat ic Squelch. Non-VoIati!eMemory aeeerve your Bearcal 350 loday!

Beareat" 300List pr ice $54995/C E p,lc . 5339 .00' -.end, 50 Chenn.I • a e",/c . a .erch • No­cry.re/ . ca"n.r • All Alrcrelt and Publica.",/c. bend.. • Prlorlt, Chenn.I • AC/DCBands: 32'50. 118-136 AM. 144·' 74, 42/ ·512 MHz­The Sea rcal 300 is the most advanced au tomaticscan ning radio lhat has ever been Ollered 10 thepublic. The Bearcar 300 us es a bright green f1u~

re scent dlg, ta l d ,splay. so irs idea l lor mobileapplicat ions. TheBeareal 300 now has the se addedteatures: Service Search. D isplay IntenSIty Cont rol,Ho ld Searc h and Resume Se arch keys. SeparateBand keys to perm it lock-inJlock-oul 01 any band lo rmore effiCient service search.

SynthesizedHand-HeldScanner!

"CIRCUIT BOARDS"• INTRODUC ING THE HOWARD/COLEMAN TVRO CIRCUIT BOARDS'

( Sat el l i t e Receiver Boards )

DUAL CONVERSION BOARD $25. 00Thi s board provides convers ion from the 3. 7- 4. 2 band fir st t o 900 MHzwhere gain and band pass f i l ter ing are provided and. second. to l O-MHz.The board conta ins both l ocal osc i l la to rs , one fi xed and t he othervar iable , and t he second mixer . Cons t r uc tion is great ly s impl i f iedby the use of Hy br i d Ie amplifiers for the gain stages.

iZPFCHIP CAPAC ITORS • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 6.00For use wi t h dual convers ion board. Consis ts of six 47pf.

70 MH Z IF BOARD . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 25.00This ci rcai t provides about 43dB gain with 50 ohm input and outputimpedance . I t i s des i gned to dr ive the HOWARD/COL E~~ TVRO Demodulator.The on-boa rd band pa ss filter can be tuned for bandwidths between 20 and35 MH z with a pass band ripple of less than ~ dB. Hybr id Ie' s are usedfor the ga in st ages .

.01 pF CH IP CAPAC ITORSFor use with the 70 MHz

• • • • •

IF Board.• • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Consis ts of seven .01 pf.• • • • 7.00

DEMODULATOR BOARD . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 40.00Thi s circui t t akes t he 70 MHz center frequency satel l i te TV signals i nthe 10 to 200 mi l l i vol t range, detects them using a pha se locked l oop,deemphasizes and filters the result and amplifies the resul t t o producestandard NTSC video . Otber outpu ts i nclude t he audio subcar ri er , a DCvoltage proportiona l to the st reng t h of the 70 MHz signa l , and AFCvol tage centered at about 2 vol t s DC.

SINGLE AUD IO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15.00This ci rcui t recovers the audi o s i gnals from the 6.8 MHz f requency. TheMil l er 9051 co i ls are tuned t o pass the 6. 8 MHz subcar r i er and the Miller9052 coi l tunes for recovery of the audio.

DUAL AUDIO • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 25.00Dupl icate of the si ngle audio but al so covers the 6. 2 range.

DC CONTROL • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 15.00

SPEC IAL SET OF FIVE BOARDS INCLUDING DUAL AUDIO (two s ingl e audioboards )J! !!!!!!!!!!!!! !! !!! !!!!! !! !! !! !!!! !!!! !! !!! !!!I!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 100.00

ALL PARTS AVAILABLE I~ STOCK

Toll Free Number800-528-0180(For orders only)

73 Magazina • November, 1981 187

"DOWN CONVERTERS"1900 t o 2500 MHZ Mi crowave Downconverters

In Regards t o your request for i nformat i on concerning our microwave recei ver. Thisrecei ver i s tunable over a range of 1900 to 2500 MH Z approximately ,and i s int endedfor amateur use. The local osci l l ator ;s vo ltage cont rol led ( i . e.) making t he I. F.ran ge approximately 54 t o 88 MHZ For Your St andard TV Set Channel s 2 thru 7.

P.e .Board wi th Data

P.e .Board assemb led and Tested wi t h 2N6603 .

P. C. Board with al l chip caps so lder on .

P. C. Board wi th all parts for assembly .

P.C .Boa rd with al l part s for assembly plus 2N6603

P.C.Board assembl ed and Test ed.

1 to 5 $15 .00 6 to 11 $13. 00 12 t o 26 $11.00 27 up $9 .00

$30 .00

$49 .99

$69 .99

$69 .99

$79 .99

HMR II Oownconverter with power supply . antenna (Dish) and al l Cabl e forIn sta lati on .180 Day Warranty.

1 to 5 $150.00 6 to 11 $140.00 12 to up $125 .00

Vagi Oownconverter with Power Supp ly . Antenna (Yagi) and all cabl es fo rInsta lati on. 90 Day Warranty .

1 t o 5 $1 50. 00 6 t o 11 $140.00 12 up $125. 00

Vagi Downconverter as above but Ki t . (NO CABLES) With Box .

1 to 5 $125.00 6 to 11 $115.00 12 up $100. 00

HMR II Oownconverter as above bu t Kit . (NO CAB LES) Wi t h PVC.

1 t o 5 $125 .00 6 t o 11 $115.00 12 up $100 .00--------- -- ------------ ---.._---- ------_. --------------- --------------------------------

~ec i a l New Stoc k Of Carbide Dr il l Bi ts .

I. 25nm 20 40 53 63I. 45mn 24 44 54 643.2nm 26 45 55 653. 3nm 29 46 56 671/ 8 30 47 57 683/1 6 31 48 58 695/ 32 36 49 597/32 37 50 60 You r Choice $1. 9913/ 64 38 51 6119 39 52 62

Toll Free Number800-528-0180(For orders only)

188 73 Magazine . November, 1981

"FILTERS"Collins Mechanical Filter #526-9724-010 Model F455Z32F455KHz at 3. 2KHz Wide . $15. 00--------------- ------ -- ---- --- ------. ------------------------------------------------------

At las Crystal Filters5.52-2.7/8 5. 52MHz/2.7KHz wi de 8 pol e5. 595-2.7/ 8/ U 5. 595MHz/2. 7KHz wi de 8 pole upper sideband5. 595- . 500/4/CW 5. 595MH z/ . 500KHz wide 4 pol e CW5.595-2 .7/LSB 5.595MHz/2 .7KHz wide 8 pole l ower s ideband5.595-2 . 7/ US B 5. 595MHz/2. 7KH z wide 8 pole upper sideband5.645-2 . 7/8 5.645MHz/2 . 7KHz wide 8 pole9.0SB/CW 9.0MH z/ 8 pole s ideband and CW

Your Choice$12 .99

-- -- ------- --- ------ ---------. ---. ----- . -- . --. ---------------------------- --------------- --

Koku sai Electric Co. Me chan ical Fil t er #MF- 455- ZL-21H455KHz at Center Frequency of 453.5Kc Carri er Frequency of 455Kc 2. 36Kc Bandwidth

$15 .00----- --- --------------------------------------------------- ---- ------------ ----_. -----_. -.-

Crystal FiltersFX-07800CFEC- I03-2001019880

4884863BOI5350C5426CAI0300

7.8MHz10.693510.7MHz 2 pole 15KHz Bw. Motoro la #48084396KOIThru #48084396K0511.7MHz 2 pole 15KHz Bandwidth12MHz 2 pole 15KHz Bandwidt h21.4MHz 2 pol e 15KHz 8andwidth45MHz 2 pole 15KHz 8andwidth (For Motoro laCommunicat i ons equipment)

10.0010. 00

4.005.005.005.00

5.00

---.-- ---- --- ------ --- .--.---.----------- .- --- --.--.---------- -_.--. ------ -----------------

Ceram ic Fi HersMura ta BFB455B 455KHz $ 2.40

CFM455E 455KHz +- 5. 5KHz 6.65CFM455D 455KHz +- 7KHz 6.65CFR455E 455KHz +- 5.5KHz 8. 00CFU455E 455KHz +- I. 5KHz 2.90CFU455G 455KHz +- 1KHz 2.90CFW455D 455KHz +- 1KHz 2.90CFW455H 455KHz +- 3KHz 4.35SFB455D 455KHz 2. 40SFEIO .7 1O. 7MHz 2.67SFG IO . 7MA 10.7MHz 10.00

Clevite TO-OIA 455KHz 5.00TO-02A 455KHz 5. 00

Nippon LF-B4/ CFU4 551 455KHz +- 1KHz 5.80LF-B6/ CFU455H 455KHz +- 1KHz 5. 80LF -C18 455KHz 10.00

Tok in CF455A/ BFU455K 455KHz +- 2KH z 4. 80Matsu shira EFC- L455K 455KHz 7.00

ROT RON MUFFI N FANS Model Mark 4/MU2AIThese fan s are new factory boxed 11 5vac at 14watts 50/60cps . Impedance Protected-FCFMi s 88 at 50cps and 105 at 60cp s. $ 7. 99--- --- -------- -- -------------------------------- ---- -------------------------------------

SPECTRA PHY SICS INC. Model 088 HeNe Laser Tubes .Power output 1. 6mw . Beam Oi a. . 75nrn . Beam Oi r. 2. 7mr. 8Kv sta rt i ng voltage68K ohm Iwatt ball as t 1000vdc +-IOOvdc 3.7ma . TU8ES ARE NEW $59 .99

73 Maga zine · November, 1981 189

"AMPLIFIERS"AVANTEK LOWNOISE AMPL IFIERS

Models UTC2-102M AP-20-T AL-45- 0-1 AK- l000MFrequency Range 30 to 200MC 200 t o 400MC 450 to 800MC 500 to 1000MCNoise Figure l.5dB 6.5dB 7dB 2. 5dBVoltage +15vdc +24vdc -6vdc @ +12vd c +1 2vdc @ -12vdcGain 29dB 30dB 30dB 25dBPower Output ldB Gain +7dBm IdS Gai n +20dBm IdS Gain - 5dBm ldB Ga i n +8dBmPri ce $49.99 $49 .99 $49 .99 $69 .99

Mini Circuits Double Ba lanced Mi xers

110del RAY-3Very High l e vel (+23dBm LO ) 70KHz to 200MHz LO,RF,OC to 200MHz IFConversion Loss,dB One Octave From Band Edge 6Typ. 17.5Max. Total Range 6.5Typ./8Max .l solation,dB Lower Band Edge To One Oecade Higher (LO-RF/ LO- IF) 55Typ./45Mi n. Mid. Range(LO- RF/LO- 1F) 40Typ. /30Min . Upper Band Edge To One Octave Lower (LO-RF/LO- IF) 30Typ '/25Min.Pri ce $24. 99

Model TSM-3Standard Level (+7dBm LO) . IMH z to 4001~z LO, RF, DC to 400MH z IFConversion lass ,dB One Octave From Band Edge 5.3TYP .17 .5Max. Total Range 6. 5Typ. / B.5Max.Iso lation ,dB Lower Band Edge To One Decade Hi9her (LO-RF/ LO- IF) 60Typ./50Min. Mid . Ran ge(LO- RFILO- IF ) 50Typ . /35Min. Upper Band Edge To One Octa ve Lower (LO-RF/LO- IF) 35TYP .125Min.Price $11.99

Hewlett Packard linear Power Mi crowave RF Transistor HXTR5401 / 35831E

Collector Base Brakedown Voltage at Ic=100ua 35volts min .Col lector Emi t t er Brakedown Voltage at Ic=500ua 30volts min .Col lector Cutoff Current at Vcb=lSv l OOua ma x.Forward Current Transfer. Rati o at Vce=15v .lc=15ma 15min,40typ,1 25ma xTransducer Power Gain at Vce=18v,Ice=6Oma.F=2GHz . 3dBmin,4dBtypMa ximum Available Gain at Vc e= 18v ,Ic=6Oma.F=lGHz /F=2GHz 14dB typ,8dB typPrice $29.99

Motorola RF Power Ampli f ier Modules

Model MHW6 12A MHW613A MHW7I0 MH W72DFrequency Range 146 t o 147MHz 150 to I74MHz 400 to 512MH z 400 to 47 0MH zVoltage 12.5vdc 12.5vdc 12. 5vdc 12. 5vdcOutput Power 20watts 30watts '13watts 20wa ttsMin imum Gain 20dB 20dB 19.4dB 21dBHannon ics -30dB - 30dB 4DdB 40dBRF Input Power 400nw 50()nw 25()nw 25()nwPrice $57.50 $59.80 $57. 50 $69 .00

Toll Free Number

~~ electroruCM800-528-0180(For orders only)

190 73 Magazine · November, 1981

"TRANSISTORS"WATKINS JOHNSON WJ -M62 3.7 t o 4.2GHz Commun icat ion Band Doubl e Bal anced Mi xer $100. 00

SSB Convers ion Loss 4.9dB Typ. 6dB Max . f R 3. 7 t o 4.2GHz5.5dB Typ . 6.5dB Ma x. fl DC to 11 25MHz fL fR

f l 880MH z fL fRSSB No ise Fi qure fR 3. 7 t o 4.2GHz

4.9dB Typ. 6dB Max. fl 30 t o 11 25MHz fL fR5.5dB Typ . 6.5dB Max. f l 880MHz fL fR

I-Port

Isol ati onfL at RfL at I

30dB Min. 40dB Typ. fL 2.8 to 5. 35GHz25dB Mi n. 30dB Typ. fL 4. 5 to 5.35GH z20dB Mi n. 30dB Typ . fL 3.6 to 4.5GHz15dB Min. 25dB Typ. fL 2.8 t o 3.6GHz

Convers ion Compress ion IdB Ma x. f R Level +2dBmFlatness .2dB Peak to Pea k Over any 40MHz Segment of f R=3. 7 to 4.2GHzThird Order Input Intercept +l ldBm fRI=4GHz fR2=4 .0IGHz Both at - 5dBm fL =4.5GHzGroup Time De lay .5ns Typ.. 75ns Max. fR3. 7 t o 4. 2GHz fL 3480MH z @ +13dBmVSW R L- Po rt 1. 25: 1 Typ . 2.0 :1 fL 2.8 to 5. 35GHz

R-Port 1.25 :1 Typ . 2.0 :1 fR 3.7 t o 4. 2GHz fL fR1. 4 :1 Typ . 2.0 :1 fR 3.7 to 4.2GHz fL fR1. 5 ' :1 Typ . 2.0 :1 fI =IOOMHz1. 3 :1 Typ . 2. 0:1 fI =500MHz1.8 :1 Typ. 2.5: 1 f l= 11 25MHz

RF Transi storSGS/ATES RF Trans i st orsType . BFQ85 BFW92Co11ector Base V 20v 25vCollector Emitt er V 15v 15vEmitter Base V 3v 2. 5vCollector Current 4()na 25maPower Dissipation 200rJ0...r 190mwHFE 40min. 20Omax. 2Omi n. 15Omax.FT 4GHZ min. 5GHz max .1.6GHz Typ.Noise Fiqure IGHz 3d8 Max. 500MHz 4dB Typ .Price $1.50 $1.50

MotorolaMRF90125v15v3v3Dma375"",30m; n. 20Omax .4. 5GHz t ypoIGHz 2dB Typ.$2. 00

2N660325v15v3v30ma40~

30mi n. 20Omax.2GHz min .2GHz 2. 9dB Typ.$10.00

National Semiconductor Variable Voltage Regu lator Sale 1 111 11111• • • • • • • • •

LM317KI. 2 to 37vdcI. 5AmpsTO-3$4 .50

LM350KI. 2 to 33vdc3AmpsTO- 3$5 .75

LM72 3G/L2 to 37vdc15Oma.TO-IOO/TO-1l6$1.00 $1.25

LM7805/ 06/08/12/15 /18/245. 6. 8 . 12. 15. 18 .24vdc

lAmpTO-220/ TO-3$1.17 $2 . 00

P &B Solid State Relays Type ECTI OB725VOC Turn On 120VAC Contact 7Amps20Amps on 10"xI0"x .062" Alum.Heatsink withSi licon Grease $5.00

*May Be Other Brand Equival ent

Toll Free Number800-528-0180(For orders only)

73 Magazine · November , 1981 191

. '

"MIXERS"WATKINS JOHNSON WJ -M6 Double Balanced MixerLD and RF 0.2 to 300MHz IF DC to 3DOfo'IJz $21.00Conversion Loss (SSB) 6.SdB Max. I to SOMHz

B.SdB Max.. 2 to 3DDMHz WITH DATA SHEETNoise Figure (SSB) same as above

8.SdB Max . SO to 300MHzConversion Compression .3dB Typ.

NEC (NIPPON ELECTRIC CO . LTD. NES783S/2SC2IS0 Microwave Trans istorNF Min F=2GHz dB 2.4 Typ. MAG F=2GHz dB 12 Typ. $S.30

F=3GHz dB 3.4 Typ. F=3GHz dB 9 Typ.F=4GHz dB 4.3 Typ. r=4GHz dB 6. S Typ.

Ft Gain Bandwidth Product at Vce=8v~ Ic=IOma. GHz 4 Min. 6 Typ.Vcbo 2Sv Vceo IIv Vebo 3v Ie sOma. Pt. 2SOmw

UNELCO RF Power and Li near Amplif ier CapacitorsThese are the famous capacitors used by al l the RF Power and Linear Amplifier manufacuturesand described in the Motorola RF Data Book.10pf 22pf 30pf 40pf IOOpf 2S0pf I to lOpes. .60¢ eachI3pf 2Spf 32pf 43pf 120pf B20pf II to soccs. . SO¢ each14pf 27pf 33pf 62pf 180pf SI to 100pcs . .40¢ each20pf 27.Spf 34pf 80pf 200pf

NIPPON ELECTRIC COMPANY TUNNEL DIODES $7. SOMODEL IS2199 IS2200Peak Pt. Current rna. Ip 9lni n. lOTyp. llmax. 9min. 10Typ. Ilmax.Valley Pt. Current mao Iv I. 2Typ. l.5max. 1.2Typ. l.5ma x.Peak Pt. Voltage mv. Vp 9STyp . 12Omax. 7STyp. 9Omax .Projected Peak Pt. Voltage mv. Vpp Vf=lp 48Omin. SSOTyp. 63Omax . 440min. S20Typ. 600max.Series Res. Ohms rS 2.STyp. 4max. 2Typ. 3max .Terminal Cap. pf. Ct I. 7Typ . 2max . STyp. Bmax.Valley Pt. Voltage mv. VV 370Typ. 3S0Typ.

FAIRCHILD / OUMONT Oscilloscope Probes Model 4290BInput Impedance 10 meg .• Input Capacity 6.5 to 12pf . • Division Ration (Volts/Div Factor )10:1. Cable Length 4Ft. • Frequency Range Over IDOMHz .These Probes wil l work on al l Tektroni x, Hewlet t Packard, and other Osci l loscopes.PRICE $4S .00

MOTOROLA RF DATA BOOK

Li st all Motorola RF Transistors / RF Power Ampli fiers, Varactor Diodes and much muchmore.PRICE $7. SO

Toll Free Number~~ electroruci800-528-0180

(For orders only)

192 73 Magazine . November, 1981

"SOCKETS AND CHIMNEYS"

SK IIO Soc ket $ POR SK626 Chimney $ 7.70SK406 Ch imney 35.00 SK630 Socket 45 .00SK416 Chimney 22 .00 SK636B Ch imney 26.40SK500 Socket 330.00 SK640 Socket 27 .50SK506 Chi mney 47 .00 SK646 Chi mney 55 .00SK600 Socket 39.50 SK7 11A Socket 192 .50SK602 Socket 56 .00 SK740 Socket 66 .00SK606 Ch imney 8.80 SK770 Socket 66 .00SK607 Socke t 43. 00 SK800A Socket 150. 00SK6 10 Socket 44 .00 SK806 Chimney 30.80SK620 Socket 45 .00 SK900 Socket 253.00SK620A Socket 50.50 SK906 Ch imney 44.00

JOHNSON TUBE SOCKETS

124-11 5-2/ SK620A Socket $ 30.00 124-113 Bypass Cap . $ 10. 00124-116/SK630A Socket 40 .00 122-0275-001 Socket

(For 4-250A ,4-400A ,3-400Z, 10. 003-500Z) 2/$15.00

------------------------------------------------------ -- --- --.- ------------------------ ---

EIMAC TUBE SOCKETS AND CHIMNEYS

10 for $7 .50100 for $65 .001000 for $350.00

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PRICES : I to 10 ­11 to 50 ­51 to 100 -

-- ---- ------ -------------- ---- ---- . . - . --- -.- --- ----- ----- --- ------- --- -- ------ ----- --------WATK INS J OHNSON WJ-V907 : Voltage Cont rol led Mi crowave Osci llator $11 0. 00

Frequency range 3.6 to 4.26Hz . Power ouput . Mi n. lOdBm typica l. 8dBm Guaranteed .Spurious out put suppression Harmon ic (nfo) . mi n. 20dS typi cal. In-Band Non-Harmon ic . min .GOdS typi cal, Residual FM, pk to pk, Ma x. 5KHz , pushi ng fact or , Ma x. 8KHz/V, Pulling f i gure(1 .5 :1 VSWR), Ma x. 60MH z , Tuning vo l tage range +1 to +15volts, Tuning current , Max . -O. lmA.modula tion sensi t ivity range, Max . 120 to 30MHz/V , Input capaci t ance, Max. 100pf, Osc il latorBias +15 +-0. 05 volts @ 55mA , Max.

Toll Free Number800-528-0180(For orders only)

~~ electrolUc~

73 Magazine . November. 1981 193

"TUBES"TUBES PR ICE TUBES PRICE TUBES PRI CE

2E26 $ 4. 69 5721 $200. 00 8462 $100. 002K28 100.00 57 68 85.00 8505A 73 . 503B28 5.00 5836 100. 00 8533W 92.003-5002 102 .00 5837 100. 00 8560A 55. 003- 1000Z/8164 300.00 5861/EC55 110.00 8560AS 57. 003CX1000A/8283 200.00 5876A 15. 00 8608 34.003X25OOA3 200. 00 5881/6L6 5. 00 8624 67.204-65A/8165 45. 00 5894/A 45. 00 8637 38 .004-125A/4021 58 .00 5894B 55.00 8647 123.004-250A/5022 68. 00 6080 10. 00 8737/5894B 55. 104-400A/ 8438 71.00 6083/AX9909 89.00 8807 1000. 004-400C/6775 80.00 6098/6AK6 14.00 8873 260.004- 1000A/8166 300.00 6115/A 100.00 8874 260. 004CS250R 69. 00 6146 6.00 8875 260 .004X150A/7034 30.00 6146A 6.50 8877 533 .004X1500/7035 40. 00 6146B/8298A 7. 50 8908 12 .004XI 50G 50. 00 6146W 14.00 8916 1500.004X250B 30. 00 61 59 11.00 8930/X6512 45 . 004CX250B/7203 45 .00 6161 70. 00 8950 10. 004CX250F/7204 45.00 6291 125.004CX250FG/8621 55 . 00 6293 20 .00 6BK4C 5.004CX250K/8245 100. 00 6360 4. 00 6DQ5 4.004C X2 50R/7 58OW 69 .00 6524 53 .00 6FW5 5.004C X300A 99. 00 6550 7. 00 6GE5 5.004C X350A/8321 100. 00 6562/ 67 94A 25 .00 6GJ 5 5.004CX350FJ/8904 100.00 6693 110.00 6HS5 5.004X500A 100. 00 6816 58 .00 6JB5/ 6HE 5 5.004C X60OJ 300.00 6832 22 . 00 6JB6A 5.004CX1000A/8168 300.00 6883/8032A/8552 7.00 6JM6 5.004CX1 500B/ 8660 300.00 6884 46. 00 6JN6 5.004CX3000A/ 8169 300. 00 6897 110. 00 6JS6B 5.004C X5000A/ 8170 400.00 6900 35 . 00 6JT6A 5.004CX IOOOOO/8171 500. 00 6907 55. 00 6K06 5.004CX15000A/8281 700.00 6939 15.00 6K66/ EL505 5.504E27/ A/5-123A18 40.00 7094 75.00 6KM6 5.004PR60A 100. 00 7Il7 17.00 6KN6 5.004PR60B/8252 175. 00 72 11 60 .00 6LF6 6.00KT88 15. 00 7289/3CXIOOA5 34 . 00 6LQ6 6.00OX362 35. 00 7360 11.00 6LU8 5. 00OX415 35.00 7377 67 .00 6LX6 5. 005728/TI60L 44. 00 7486 75.00 6ME6 5.008Il 10.00 7650 250 .00 12JB6A 6.008IlA 13.00 7843 58 .00 "WE ARE ALSO LOO KI NG FOR812A 15. 00 7868 4. 00 TU8ES NEW/ USED E CT ~'813 38.00 7984 12. 004624 100. 00 8072 55 .00 WE BUY SE LL OR TRADE4665 350 .00 812 1 50 .005551A 100. 00 8122 85 .005563A 77 .00 8236 30 . 005675 15. 00 8295/ PLl72 300. 00

NOT ICE ALL PRICES ARE SUBJ ECT TO CHANGE WI THOUT NOTICE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! I ! ! ! !

Toll Free Number

~COJU electrolUcl800-528-0180(For order. only)

194 73 Magazine· November, 1981

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"TEST EQUIPMENT"

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TER.S: 15.01 mil . onl.r U.S. fud• . calli rtSld",tI.dd 1% 1'1. FREE: S... for ,lIr copy 01 u r NEW lnl110.00 mill . lI.kAm,lInrd .n' .Ul,r CIlIII' Icc.ple' . 11 .00 Insura nce op!loul. QUEST CATALOG . Include 41t l1'mp.Pol1.,,: Add 5"1'0. C.O.D. nD.DD min . order .

19B 73 Magazine . November, 1981

MINI KITS YOU HAVE SEEN THESE BEFORE NOWHERE ARE OLD FAVORITE AND NEW ONES TOO.

GREAT FOR THAT AFTERNOON HOBBY.

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TTL1. Soo •"1U1 ...1H5 . .,"" ..,1.'96 $13$

S PE CIAL

8 Pin, . P,n'6 P,,,2. Pin28 P,n. 0 Pm ......5' V Z....... 201$1 ,00,1<0/91. Type SG/$l .00' I(V l Amp 11$1 ,00l00V l ....mp lS111 ,00

, 'C5IO'0'",~

1'101A12'601101C53' .S315" e 'G,'"

FER RITE BEADSW'" "'1O .no...... ' OJI' ..._e.__ . 's. ..

' ...., U Cl ..C . ' S• •, 4S Goocr .... ~.. ......." ~ . , _l U ll t---------i --::':-::"-':::r.;,;"''''.:-:-::-=l <-go..,"' '' v.. ", PO"')--It 00 • 5 .do: (CO :10 m"' U S " ... ~ ,tom"

'01' 2 00 '1 ' .. I"'~"."."• •• •

LI NEAR

IC SPECIALS

TRANSIS TORS

READO UTS

'''''_ ' ' CC 0' ". ~o ••,,~, • • C. ' ."

..~~ ""~"'1IJ :IS c . ,..._ ?IS' " -C. ••

.''"­~~. '­.''"...­...-

""_ - c- ' ....,••"" ~c·. '0''' •.~..." c., '0'1' .._ ,,_c_, . t-' .

,..,..'. . .. c·. •• t---:::--::::=---i":':':':==-!';;",,;:=-'::::::::-i'-:==~~~~=:':::-I_-c·, ...- c-e 0-" • L---'''''i;;;;;....''''''''';;;---T-'--....,;ii,,;;;...;cc'---j...."' _ _ ... I....'" ...... ~... :0 ._T." ~"' _ .._1.__ ._...- ..__r_r_. _._ .. r_•.•_ ..- ,."'_ wT .....

.". "---. ! "' !'&••

73 Magazine . November. 1981 199•

2822 Nor th 32nd Street . tf 1 • Phoenix . Ar izona 85008 • Phone 602-956-9423

ATLAS FILTERS CHOKES

.1-3uH ·2.99

100 uH • ••••• ••••• •• • •• ••• • 2. 99120 uH •• •• .••••• ••••••• •• •1.69185 uH • • • • • • 1. 00 ea. or 10/7.50538 uH •••••• 1. 00 ea. or 10/7.50680 uH • • • • • •1.00 ea . or 10/7.50

1000uH 1.00 ea. or 10/7.501630 uH ••• •• •• • ••• . • . ••• .•• 1.50

. 1 mH • ..• •..• • • . . •• .•• . 2.99

.2 l1lH • •• • . • • • • •. .•••• • • 2. 99.22mH • • • • . •. • • • • .• • • • • • 2. 99.27 IllH . .•. •. • •.. • • •• • • .• 2.99. 33 mH . .• .. • . .. . . .• •• • • • 2.99.39 mH .. •.......... • • • • • 2.99. 240 rnH . . . . • • . . . . . . . • . . . . 2.991. 2 mH • •• • .• •••••• .••••• 2. 991.5 rnH . • • • • .. • • • • •..•••• 2. 991. 65mH •. .. . .. . .• . . .. •.• . 2.991.75rnH ... . .... .•. ... ..•. 2.991.9 rnH •• ••• . . . •• . • •••• • • 2. 99

1 rnH ...•..•. •.. . ...... 1.691. 88 mH • •.....• • •..•• • • •• 3.99

2 mH ••. . .• • • •••• •• •••• 2.992.4 mH ••• . .••. . •• .•••••• 2.992.5 mH . . .. 1. 00 ea . or 10/7.502.7 mH •••••• . . • . . . .••• •• 2.993.0 mH • .•• . . • . . • ••.•• •• • 2.993. 6 mH ••••. .• . •• • . . . . .• . 2. 994. 3 mH ••• •••• .•• . .• . . •• . 2.99

95H90DCQM . .. . . • • . . . . 6.50 each350 M Hz presca ler divide by 10/ 11

4. 7 mH 2.995 mH •. . .. . .•. ... . . . . . . 2.99

5.11rnH · · ·· ···· · · ···· · 2. 996 mH 2.99

7.2 mH 2.998. 25 mH 2. 998.28rnH 2.998.6 mH ......• . ... ... . . . . 2.9910 mH 2.9912 mH 2.9915 rnH 2.9917 mIl .. . . . • . . . . . . . •. . .. 2.99

19. 6mH 2.9920 rnH 2.99

20 .5 rnH 2.9922.6 mH 2.99

24 rnH 2.9927 . 4 mH . . . . . . • .. . .. .... . • 2.9928.7 rnH 2.9929.9 rnH 2.99

30 rnH 2.9936 mH .... .. ... . .•• . ... • 2.99

36.5 mH 2.9940 rnH 2.99

40.2rnH 2.9943 rnH 2. 9947 rnH 2. 9950 rnH 2. 9959 rnH 2.9960 rnH 2.99

71.5 mH .. . ... . .. .• .. . . . . . 2.9978. 7 rnH 2.9986 mH 2.99

100 rnH 2.99120mH 2.99150mH 2.99175 rnH 2.99200 rnH 2. 99205 rnH 2.99237 rnH 2.99240 mH •.•...•••.•••• . ... 2.99300 mH 2.99360 rnH 2.99390 rnH 2.99430 mH 2.99500 rnH 1. 50600 rnH ..... .•..... .. .... 2. 991000 rnH 2.991.5Hy 2.992.0Hy 2.992.5 Hy 2.993.0 Hy 2.995.0 Hy 2.9910 Hy 2.99

New Fa irc hi ld Prescater Chip

3.99 eachJ .99 each

420 MFD @ 400 VDC600 M FD @ 400 VDC

HIGH VO LTAGE CAPS

VIV . 15 . 15 uH ... • . • . .. . •. 2.99VIV 150 150 uH .. . . . • • ·· ·· · 2. 995-20 uH . • . .. . . . •• •• •••• •• . 1.69Variable coil 10-SO uH .•• . . . 2.99Transformer dual 8.8 uH . . . . 1. 00. 47 uH 1.00 ea. or 10/7.50.68 uH 1.00 ea. or 10/7.50

1 uH · · 1.00 ea . or 10/7.501. 2 uH 1.00 ea. or 10/7.501.5 uH 1.00 ea . or 10/7.502.2 uH • . . . .. 1. 00 ea. or 10/7.502.7 uH 1.00 ea. or 10/7.503.3 uH • • •. • • 1.00 ea . or 10/7.506.5 uH •. . . . • 1. 00 ea. or 10/7.507.5 uH • . . . . • 1. 00 ea. o r 10/7.5010 uH ..•••. 1. 00 ea. or 10/7.5015 uH ..• ••. 1. 00 ea. or 10/7.5020 uH • • •• • . 1.00 ea. or 10/7.5022 uH 1. 00 ea. or 10/7.5033 uH 1. 00 ea. or 10/7.5039 uH l. OOea. or 10/7.5047 uH ... •.• 1.00 ea. or 10/7.5050 uH . • ··· · · · . .•. · · •. .• .. 2.9956 uH ······ • • ••••• . •••• • • 1.6962 uH 1. 00 ea. or 10/7.5068 uH .... •. 1. 00 ea. or 10/7.50

C ERAMIC COIL FORMS$1. 99 each

In 3/16" x 4/8"il2 3/16" x 1/4"'3 1/4 "x 3/ 4"' 4 3/8 " x 7/8"' 5 3/8 " x 5/8"

All of th e above havepowdered iron cores .

,;6 1/2" x 2 3/ 4"

ATLAS CRYSTA L F1 LTERS FORATLAS HAM GEAR

Your Cho ice

$15.95 ea .

5. 645 - 2.7/85. 595 - 2.7 USB5.595 - 2. 7/8/L5.595 - 2.7 LSB5.595 - . 500 / 4

9. 0 - USBI CW

$1.09 each. 1 t ype for 3/ 8 plate ca p11' 2 type for 5/8 plate ca p

C ERAMIC PLATE CAPS

New Weller Solder ing Ir on Kit*S P- 23 F 9.99 eachKit includes:

1 - 25 Watt s older ing iron,develops 7500 of lipte mperature

3 - tips (screwdriver , chise l ,cone)

1 - solder ing aid tool1 - coil 60 /40 rosin core solder

Us ed C Nickel Cadmium Batteries1. 8 amp hourPac k of len $8.99 per p:1ck

Used NiCads

Soldering Kit

NEW BOGNER DOWNCONVERTERIndustrial ver sion.1 yea r guar a ntee $225 .00

NOT FOR SALE IN ARIZON A

UHFI VHF RF POWER TRANSISTORSC D2867/2N643960 Watts out putReg. Price $45.77SALE PRICE $19.99

200 73 Magazine. November, 1981

RF Power Device

E.F. JOHNSONTUBE SOCKETS

MR F454 Same a s ~IHF4 5 8

12, 5 V DC , 3-30MHz80Wati s out put. 12df3 ga tn

$17. 95 ea.

TRIMMER CAPS

2N3960JANTX 10. 00 2N5645 10.002N4072 1. 60 2N5842 6. 002N442 7 1. 10 2N5849 20. 002N4429 7.00 2N5942 40 . 002N4 877 1. 00 2N5 946 14.002N4959 2.00 2N5862 50.002N4976 15. 00 2N6080 7. 00

2N285 7JAN 2. 50 2N5070 6.00 2N6081 10.002N2949 3.60 2N5D71 15. 00 2N6082 11. 002N294 7 15 .00 2N5108 4.00 2N6083 13.002N2950 4 . 60 2N5109 1. 50 2N6084 14 . 002N33 75 8.00 2NS1 79 1. 00 2N6095 11.002N3553 1. 57 2N55 83 4. 00 2N6096 20 .002N3 81B 5.00 2N5589 6 .00 2NG0 97 28.002N3866 1. 00 2N5 590 8.00 2N6 166 38.002N3866JA N 2. 50 2N5591 11 .00 2N6 36 8 22.992N3866JANT X 4. 00 2NSf3 35 5. 44 A21 0/MRF 517 2. 002N3925 10.00 2N5636 11. 6e BLY3 8 5.002N394 8 2.00 2N563 7 20.00 40280/2 N4427 1. 102N3950 25.00 2N56 41 5. 00 40261/2 N3920 7. 002N3959 3.00 2N564 3 14 . 00 40282/2 N3927 10 .4 8

High Voltage Caps

Transistors

12 pF34 pF34 pF30 pF

1/ 4 x 2 1/2 " s ha n$2.50 each

2. 2 to 34 pF1. 5 to 27. 5pF. 6 to 6. 4p F

$1. 00 each.5 to

2. 2 to2. 2 to

3 to

193-10-6193-193-

160 -10 7-16193-10-9

193-10-104193- 4-5

JohnsonAIR Variables

1l0VAC M UFFIN FANS

86 p , n \l" to r uL!. OU~ "dltt, C onrlt'r l urs

UNELCO CAPS

New an .95Used . $5 .9S

s prague. Sta ble Po lypr opvlenc..50 each cr 10/4 .00

not sold mixedi . 2 to 13pF2 to 30pF

3.9 to 18p F3.9 to 40pF3 .9 to 55pF

J-Fet

Carbide Circuit Board Dr ill Bitsfor PC B Boar ds

5 mix [or $5.00

MURATA CERA MIC FlLTERSS FD 455D 455 KHz 2.00S FB 4550 455 KHz 1. 60C F loot455E 455 KHz 5.50C F U 455H 455 KHz 3. 00S F E 10 .7MA 10.7 MHz 2.99

TEXAS INST RUME NTll L-305P5 x 7 a r ray illphanu meric display

$3. 85 eac h

J3 10 N-CHA NNE L J- FET 450 MHzGood for VH F/UH F A mpli f ier ,Oscillator and Mixers 3/ $1. 00

l. 691. 692.293. 294 .29

• B94;1 . 003/ l. 00

. 794 , 1. 00

2.006/1.00

78M05Sa me as 7805 bl1 o nly l i Z Amp5 VDC . 49 ea ch or 10 / $3 . 00

ORDERlNG INSTRUCTIONS

30 M FLJ (u· 500 VDC22 M FD ~ l 500 VDC

100 M FD «I 450 VDC150 MfD \!l 450 VDC~25 M FlJ (II 450 VDC. 00 1/ LOOOpF ~· 10 K V. 00 1 (u 3 KV

. 00 15 «1 3 KV. 01 ~j 4KV. 01 «,. i . 6KV.02 {n 8 KV.or » 1 KV

NEW 2" ROUND SPEAKERS100 Ohm l'oi l $.99 each

PLASTIC TO-3 SOCKETS4/$1. 00

C , YST AL FlLTER S

Tv<'u OO I _19~1lO San"' ;lS 2194 f"10 7 MIll. narro.... band

3 dll b:l.ndw 'd\ h I S KHz n" n .2Q d B lw nd...·' d l h 60 KHz nlln .40 dB ba.ndw"t1h 1S0 KHz m,n.

Ult,n..t", 50 dB msertron lus s I dB max .Il ,ppl., I au rna". c t. 0./ - 5 pf" 3600 Ohms

$3.99 .... .... h

Cbe<k. money ord..-. or credi l cardI " CkiHbC. (Mula Our... and VISA only .) No pcr-.al cba:u or o;crtirlCd pcr-.ald'l«u for forctln counlncs KUplod . Money order or cuhicrschcck in U. S. fuods orlly. Lt'Ilcn of crediurc DOl a:cc'J'UIblc .

Mln,mum shipp'''' by UPS is n .), "lIh insurano;c. PIcuc ano.. ntra IhippinJ , barIC' for hairy or ...... IICfft1.All. p"n l rel urned duo: 10 f;\Womel crror or dco;Won ..ill be l ub}e!rlloa I'~ ' CI!od ,barIC. If...e arc oul of an item ord..-cd.

_ w,ll try to rcpl-oo il wllh an equal or beller P"" unless you .pa;ify nOl to. o r """ ...m b.., k o.d..- tlw itcm. or rdund you'money.

P RICES ARE SU BJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. PricrI.upcroedr aU prC"iou.ly pubh l hN. Some items offer ·ed~ hmi'od to mWl quantitin and aa lubject to prior We.

We no-.. Mew. toll flft number. but '" uk that it be IlMd for rlwTrr ordl'I'fOltly .If)'Otl Mew any questiorlJ pIca$r uor ourOI hcr num ber. We arc opm from ' :OO • .m. • , ,00 p.m. Moaday Ihru Sat"'day.

Our loll flft number for r""~ onkrf O<I/y iI 1lIl-'Zl-J6I I .

47pF6 2p F

100pF160p F180p F200p F240pF380pF470 pF

1000pF

350V $1. 00 each

6. 8p F8. 2p F

10p F12pF13pF14pF20pF24p F33p F36p F43pF

11 124-03 11 - 100 6 .99 eachFor 8072 etc .11124-0107-001 13.99 eachFor 4CX250B/R , 4X 1SOA r-tc.JJ124 -01l1-00 1 4. 99 ear-hC him ney for 4CX250I3/11 and4X. 150';124 -011 3-001 and 124-011 3-0 21

$12 . 99 cacnCapac it e r for '; 11,4-0 107-00 1412 3-209-33 Suckt'ts .· . .n , 99 ea chFor 811A, 572U, 866 , eu-.

Gold pL;ot..d <v nlact~

Du:o l U , lIi p,n . I S6 s .... o nltSo kl.. ru . ,1 for PC U . •. _$3. 00 .... r h

2822 North 32nd Stree t , # 1 • Phoerux . Arizo na 85008 • Pho ne 602 -956-9423

.... 5... l ist 01"'''verr,se' s on pege 130 73 Magazine. Novem ber , 1981 201

alLLIY ILICy_eIICIP.O. BOX 401244E GARLAIID. TJl75040 214/278-3553

7 Watt A.u410 A.mp Kit SS.9S

..............Ie...k_

R(VISION 2

SZ4.9S{.ale Kltloa.. ~er

_."' .... Of t_ ROM

No", you can plaVhund,od. 01song. u. ,ng 'ha Bullel $u .........l<: ".k... 1~ uno! w,..... , ,;",.. •..toryPf09'- """_OC_ IC '110' comes ,'1'1 20 POlO-p<og..mmed _lu'- By-..g ,... _,,, , PROlolS{210l111 ..... l)'IIom un be ".pe_ lo ....y 14> '0 ,__ PO' PROII . Jus' ''' ,n. a """,pOCI -..c'11IftOC,nsl',,"""'l '1'111 ..,II plly dOla"5. huna,.., . 0 ' .....1'1

'hOu•• nC' of " 1IOCI,ons 01 mUll " rna . ,1 co, n~. "" 11'1 "I_ .....l<: com_,. (.... I PROIlI• • ncl • d" I""pl.le<! .. tId Ie_ PC 6oo'C OCh ow'" .. 0" ,-·1 1 ••11 -011I... Me' ..... ~ 1 PC _rd_e" an I ""'" we. ... 1_ '~I. !lom . _ """'0elt spI,n.ng VOl....... S!tI(.e I~ "n" ...... . . "" 12 YOC ... 12V. C·.•"" 'c" 0.- pan'l>,e ODe'"""" .. .," " ,b'e What do1011 g.l 10. sal.K? E.....,IIII'" bu. '"fl'Nk.., ....n............_, ,wrilc"', . Ind PIIOM AdC,11(IftI1 2108 ..bumsc....II'n'''II populI' 1_ .'e • ••,II_ 'or ' l UICl ooen '")'OIl un progrom }'OUI "",n PFlQl,tS "9 ...""'••11.....PfOV_ .." " , " .nsUuet...... LIS" 0 ' ' .._ PA()t,l.Ibum, .." ,lIb1a "" re<lun' rNo'e UM "" 1'_I«:l'on,c m,,"t<: one nolO or • r..... .,I .. rIO! PO"'!>" '0 l>'1 ~

c"o'C. 0' I m.loC~ .. ,m "" mony . ,m"lI.n_o".ly I• E....lo9a co.-Wol g,..... decay 10 ..."..

• On _d ... "'''II'' """~ (' I 2'I _ a,,0..

OPTlOlUrol.CC!I$OAIUDIP __ eMe ' lXII . a..a ~ JIO& 2-OOIkt

(can be d1_"y _ .... 10 PC 8d 10 acceu lun..)

-,. "'1Ief.. r"", S JIO&'_ Z.ldlhf(F'" _ ...... 10 PC 8d 10 acceu "-II

. ...,11.. "'-e- '-so

........ r..-M*- 100(For oparalion on I 17VAC nou.. 'o'OIIal/&)

See Special Fall Prices BelowPRICES GOOD THROUGH DEC. 31. 1981SHOP EARL Y FOR CHRISTMASI

.....'10\100I" ' 1'<1<C,.......Sl'<>MOf.... _ _

-- ..... P ONLY

9 95 ORDER• DA-02<IT

TUN!A ONLY

VDC.

It Yoo h",,~ If oub le sleeping and yoo woold lik~

Ihe ' PlOI of IMe neigh borflood 10 share you ' mis

erv lhen this little k il will be lor YOU' There

is no way 10 xcu'alely dn::nbe the unurthly

howll. tIC.e.,,," and Ionel .h.,com~ ou l 0 1 (to..

kit. Four sePilrille lone oscillillO,", are m i~ ed.

cancelled ilnd steppo<! at • • arying 'ille . 10 Waltl

of crazy sounds. A ll'"NI lun kil or a prletal

bu ,gla. alarm. Comvlete wiltl PC oo..d and allnecessa. y components leu 'Peake" Fm 6-1 2

',......... OM _-_ _~e-- _ """ __....--­----.........,,--_...sso.oo

Stereo AMP/Power Supply Boardl . ...__ OUdoo."" <\<,... , ohm _ ... 0'< .

BO ORO Roehl..... a"" F '"~' supply power lor AMPAND TUNER , VOLUMe, SOLONCE,

and TONE S1.IOE CO"ll ROLS

$MALl, "'<GeE ~.aR IO >C A"" cew.oPOt<E~fS '" 0>< • I " • , .. PCIKlARD ..~ClUOlOl R ' 0>< ,woe GREA' " ,,, A~. ""OJOC' , ...,..nos ,,..; . "" .,; A... . ' " , ..... JOo ToCl • , ..AUIC(IUO'u """ 11'·0' "",""", . of

PrOlac ' you' ~ .pans..a equ,pmen l !lom O'''''ol'aooc""d ll,on' E com puler .hould h.o,~ On~ ' Work, ..lin , nyIu_ DC PO_ c. I.om 101020 VOIIO up 10 <'5 ,mps

?ft"1*Doomsday Alarm *

The Sf ·Ol Sound Elled. Kit tI.. all you needto bI....l<:\ a prog rammable sound ettectsmach ine except a ballery and speaker O nlythe $E-01 provi des you w.tn add it ionalci rcuitry that Includes a Pulse Generalor. MUlO,ciLlator .nd Compar,lor to make morecompte.. sococs II snap_ 'ncludes TI76471.( w /speesl asse mb ly tnst -ocno ns andprogra mming exam ples. You can easily createGunshot. , E"olo, lons, Slum Trains, Wind &Sufi and much moreComp~l. Kit $18.50

W,lh quality PC Board(Less ballery & spk,.)

76477 Chip I. Includedhi•• ch ips $3.15 ea.

•PLASTIC CASE WITH FRONT & REARPANELS FOR ZULU II $4.95. *

• 112·' LED ReaooulS• Ou&f1l ..TAL T"nebaH• CaienCla.• Unique NOX· CirCU'I W,II Disp lay Readouls O n

HBndCl a p• e atte ry Backup Iballe.y nOI ,ncluded )• Hig n Oualily Drilled & Plaled PC BoardS, Cleat

lnslrlH;I.ons

* ZULU U Clock Kit *$19.95 LESS CASE

*Sound Effects Kit $18.S0*

*SUPERSTAR SALEI *ALL ITEMS WITH STARS

BUY 3 GET ONE FREE* (No M llClng ) *OFFER EXPIRES DEC. 31, 1981

PS 14 REGULATOR CARD KITT his is the Regulator Card from our famous20A Power Supply Kit. Although we ran o ut ofthe transformers and heatainks . manycustomers have been able to locate their own .The regulato r card performs the actua lvoltage regulation and has adjustable fo ldback eurrentlimiting. Output voltage il Itableto 200MV lrom 0 10 20 Amps and adjustable!rom 11 te 14 Volls. Designed to drive 2 highcurrent NPN transistors (2N3771 2N53010requfv.] The unit assembles quick ly. Includedare all the o n board co mpo nents including adriver transistor and over-temp shutdownsensor. Designed to screw down to a standard3·' diameter computer grade f itter cap. Thequality plated PC card is 3-1/2" x 4 3 /4" ,

FAll SPECIAlS:GOOD THRU DEC. '811. Super Music Maker WIth case and two

s-ocstncn rotarv sw itches $32.002. Super Music with o ne 27 16 2K X 8 PRO M

filled w ith over 50 selections of additionalmusic (:> 1500 notes) $32.00

3. The Whole 8all of Wax' #2 .. case andswi tches. $39.95

ZONE CHANGEFEATURE

Select o ne of threeWortd Time zones,Local T ime (12 Hr.format) and TWO

24 hr. zones ofyour choice

RFI Protected

\0 FEATURELED Indicator lights

when activatedflashes at 10 min,

Oillerent audiotones at

8 and 9 min.12 Volls

AC o r DC

$79.95W" . d &h.led

Microprocessor Station Clock 549.9SThe ZULU 3TZ is a fu ll blown ROM and MICRO­PROCESSOR unlike other standard clock IC's. it allowsexceptional flexibility. Almost a year in des ign. it is themost advanced station clock on the market.

QUALITY SOLDERMASKED & SCREENED

PC BOARDS MAKESASSEMBLY A SNAP

Quartz CrystalTlmebaee andBattery Backup

$49.95Complele KII

Includ,ng C.... &Wanplug x n ,lR

1o.1,tV.COper.,,,,,,

Adjustable Brightness.6" • High Intensity

Orange Led Readoutsseeenee Reset/Hold

provides easysyncroruzation with

WWV

WITH INSTRUCT1('>NS

Requ ires Tr.nslo rm er w,'h 16 - 19 VAC Oul @TheCu rr.n l You Eapeel To Draw.

• NO C.O .D: s,• SEND CHECK 101I .0 . O R CHARGE CARD NO .O' PHONE OROERS ....CCEPTED ON VISA ....ND M ....STE RCH ....RGE ONLY .O' ....00 5.... FOR SHIPPING .• TX. RES. AOD 5.... ST"'TE SALES TAX .O' ....LL FOREIGN O RDERS ....00 30.... FOR SHIPPING CHARGES.

U. S. FUNDS ON LY.(214) 278·3553

REGULATOR CARD KITHIGH CURRENT PARTS

(2 · 2N 3712 & 25A Bridge)51 .000 MFO @ 40V Compute' G,.d e

$14.95

$5.00$3.50

202 73 Magazine. November, 1981

Hamtronlcs~ Does it Againl

Where e lse can you get ava lue-packed rad io at such

reasonable cost?

FM-5 PC Board Kit - ON LY $159.95complete with controls, heatsink, etc.Cabin« llit, microphone,c~l.. etc. -.1I_bl.~.-reIy

Request ca talog for full details,

---SAVE A BUNDLE ONVHF FM TRANSCEIVERS!10watts, SChannels, 1or6M, 2M, or220

HIGH QUALITY FM MODULES FORREPEATERS, LINKS, TELEMETRY, ETC.

• T51 VHF FM EXCITER for 10M, 6M, 2M,220 MHz or adjacent bands. 2 Wanscontin­uous. Kits only $54.95.

• T4 51 UH F FM EXCITER for 450 ha m bandor adjacent. Kits only $64.95.

• VH F & UHF LlNEARAMPLIFIERS. Use oneither FM OfSSB. Power levels from 10 to 45Watts to go with excners & lI;mtg conveners.Kits from $69.95.

• COR KITS With audio mixer and speakeramplifier. On ly $29.95.

• CWID KITS 158 bits, field programmable,clean audio. Only $59.95.

• A18R FTIGHT BOX e eec orewoercm.ceeewith tight coverand noseams. 7 x B x 2lnches.Only $18.00.

• SCANNER CONVERTERS CoPV 72-76,135-144,2~270, 400-420. 0'806-894 MHzbands on any s:::amer. lJ'Jlreci1esl:ed Only $79.95.

• R75 VHF FM RECEIVER 10f" 10M, 6M,2M, 220, or commercial bands. 4 fantasticselectivity options. Kits from $84.95 to$11 9.95

• R450 UHF FM RECEIVER lor 380-520 MHzbands. Kits in selectivityoptionslrom $94.95

• Rl l 0 VHF AM RECEIVER Kit fOf Vhf aircraftband Of ham band s. Only $84.95 .

VHF & UHF RECEIVER

PREAMPS. Low noise.VHF Kits from 27 to 300 MHz. UHFKits from 300 to 650 MHz. BroadbandKits: 20-650 101 Hz. Prees start at$14.95 (VHF) and $ 18.95 (UHF). Allpreamps and converters ha ve noisefigure 2dB or less.

20 Models cover every practical rf and if range tolisten to sse, FM, ATV, etc. on 6M, 2M, 220, 440, and110 aircraft band. Evenconvert weather down to 2M!Kits from $39.95 and wired un its.

VHF & UHF RECEIVING CONVERTERS

"-~,•"•

VHF & UHF TRANSMITTING CONVERTERS

FOf sse, CW, ATV, FM, etc. Avai lable for 6M, 2M,220,440 with many IF input ranges. Converter boardkit only at $79.95 (VHF) or $99.95 (UHF) or kitscomplete with PA and cabinet as shown.

DioplayTime ......,

.... foo" .e~_CUI _ ort

The CT-90 is tht _ yon....,.. r......... pKked 0DlUIlef . ..1lilabIe JoIII:SI

IlIan S1OO 00' Ad..n<e<I drt~ fU Wfft Incl. thr~ R~ble pICIi__ diptt, p ili ind.,olor WI uniq... di.p1oy hold fu.rw;:tiorI ...hic:h IIoIds tbo<ii,pl.yed coont after the in..u' 11....1i• •......,.cd Abo, • 10 m H . TCXO lime

bue is ....eel which enable. cu y u n> be., cal ibration ched. &pi MI WWVOpuonolly; ... ;",nqI "ind bo.nny pKt. . " cmal Ii.... bese '''PUl a MoeI'(>pow_ hip lIabiIily cry.... ",,", IirM buoo ~ a.ailabk no. CT·90.

•9 DIGITS 600 MHz $129 95

SPECIFICATIONS: WIREDRar,.,.. 20 H. 10 600 MH.Setwli.,ly u sa !baa 10 MV 10 ISO MH.

Lt.. lh&II ~o MV II> 500 MH,Rnolu'"," 0. 1 Hz(l O MH, ..n~)

1,0 H. «60 MH. unle)10,0 H. (600 MH. ..n~)9 ~J1\10, ." LEDStandard-IO,OOO IIIH.. 1.0 PPIll 2O-4O"C.C\ptiaIaI M........ p-ef ""....01 ..... zo.«r'C8-15 VAC" 2SO ....

~~TO"_''''''''_ t." ..C1 '"h .......... ...

"." "..""- ''''- '".. , ~"....., · ~r- ,....... """. . 0--- ..1____ ..

7 DIGITS 525 MHz

Oi,playT ime baMePo.....

SPECIEICAnONs;

~ 20 H. 10 S2j MH,Sc"""....,. Uu ,tw>$O "IV 10 no MH,

Le IS thaa I SO MV to ' 00 MH ,Rnolu,oon; 1 0 H. lS MH. BJI,,'

10.0 H, (SO MH. ratI~)

100.0 H. ( SOO MH. ,.....,)7 diJi.. 0.4" ' LED1.0 ""Ill TCXO 2O-4()"C12 "'AC ill 2SO ....

$99~IREDThe CT-70 \fto.k. Itoe pr;oo~ "" lab quat..,- ~-.....

neloou feall"," -.:II ... _ ""'l__'O<) ran · e..,h _ PlJ'llficatlCe,<III&I.lKt.oblc p1C limes, .nd pIC a::IiYil) icaboB ",&lEe re""'nlI a

1IIap, The .... fNol--tIC)' ....,. enablea yOllIO K>CU..,el)' uure ..pal.

from io "'''' UH F ..ith I .0 ""'" -e(;u"cy · lIIaf , .0001'Il.! The C T-10 i.Ihe ..." to all your .....uuremenl needs. in tile field, lab ", ham . h..,k.

'''ICES:CT·7l)wnd, I )'0• ••1••)' S99 9~

CT·70 Kil,90 doy palt..·..·...,. ' 49S" C·I AC .clapUr 39SBP·I N icad p..,k + ACadapt. rlcha,• • , I2,9S

7 DIGITS 500 MHz $79 .25-WIRED

O" plll'Tim. b.se:Po...,r

PRICES:MINI--loo .......... l , .....arT...., S'1'9 II~

"C Z " . odapcnlor MIN I--100 39SBP.Z N.u d p..,k ..... "Cadapo." .""....' 12 9~

H.re·. a lIancly. ....., aI purpou """",Ie, \hal """,_ _ t """nwrfIollCUOftS &I an unbolio~ablo pfio:c. The M INI--l oo ..... ., loa•• tlIoo tunh ; ... , ' ot ilIpOII gil'" '· ""a1l11nfoullld ia h""",, pncc --. bII,.... buoc RF a1 ts. iI can·, be boat " caorau uure_can be ...- from I MH. all tlIoo " ", ,.IOSOO MH. W1I.II u ool ' ....ttrvlty

III""""""'" tho ran.... and m. lwo pl' u..... 101 )'OU .1ocI tho reOlJlutiondnirN. Add m. nlc.cl pad opoion Ihc MINI· 100 mo.ke. an ideal oddiliOll10 your iOOl boo rot " i'- lhe- ti. ld'· r quen.' c""d. and repli' ..

SPECIFICATIONS:~ I MH . 10 500 MH.SeaortiYtty r..e. IbM 2~ M'"kuoIulioa: 100 H. (alow p1C1

1 0 KH. tru l ..Ie.1 diJits. 0.• ·' U D2,0 ppm 2O-40"CS VOC@2oo m.

DIGITAL MULTIMETER $99 ~IRED

29 lIS

119.9~

l411S

SI S9 9~

10 M....... DCIAC ...0 .1'\0 baooc DC"""

• 'C' .,.U,

0. 1"" 102 ,0 Ampo.. 5 ranJCI0, I oluno 10 20 Me""'..... 6 raftJCI

PRICES;CT·SOwited, I )'e....II'..myCT·SO KiI. 'lO do, pltU.~..,

RA-I . re<:etYff odopIc, kitItA·I wuodond pro-potJVUII­

noed (Mead~ " ro<:..~.'",hom.lic)

SPECIFICATIONS:DC!A C ",,1u; IOOuV 10 I K.... S , an• • 'OC/ACeu....ntRni'WICt:

'-'-­A=~-

$159~IRED

n.. IJM·700 ott.... po"l......."w ""01"" prr lorm anu .. a hotohw... 1""'.F...u... , Iud..; 26 J,ffn "'l ' ''II" on<! S functlOnI. all ",on~ ,n a"""".." . h' l<> ..... i,,' rnol, M.NU,."'.h" o,e Jlopl..N "n a I... ... HI.!>ol ,. ~ , h LED ..odou..."h au"""""" dKtrnol pll<........,I , . ''''''''0''<rooIor ,_ .,..j",....,.. onJow...1o.d p'o<ecr...... ur I<) 12SO "Ok......11• " ,..,...-~ n..DM·700looi<._. •~.

... l-l..k ,~ "1IS orJ, ""'......... <nr...-.oNt h k ,*1 "",kn " '"

i.koI oJJ" ...... '0on.. ohor

20 H. 10600 MH. The CT·SO ia l .., salil . lab ""nc:b c""'nl.nb.. .. ill ....uure uplO600 MH.ull wn 25 m. 10 150 MH, ..ilh 8 dipt pnciliool. A""' ", "ill boot r.lf;lna iI tIw Roc.... FrcqwtlC)'Leu INa I SO III ' 10600 MH.~r.•hodl ....... tho CT-SO inlO . dilllal readout fur aa, re<:et~n The1.0 H. (60 MHi '..... .100 H. 16OO MH. ra_l adopcr ....oiI,~b...Jrcal UId ..i......... ';liooolOlhc• diJlIOO.' " U D _ • •••t. "'FO lIallth.... roqurred A dd".. lhcre<:et... .s.p:n ....2.0 ppm 2O-~C " "y hmtll lhc operltion " tlIoo CT-SO. ,"" adapIe' can be "",,~mi t'"I tO V"C tit 12 VOC ' ..llOhod OIl ot of[ Tho CT-SO. I """nln lbat can ..ork double-duly'

SPEC IFICATIONS;

8 DIGITS 600 MHz

PRICES;OM-'lOO"""'" I _ w......, SQII 9SDM-700 Kil 90 dl, pioN..arTon.,. 79."" C· I . AC odapoor ) liSBP-3. "",tel pKk * AC'~, ~,,",,"I 19 lISMp· L Prot>o kit 2115

AUDIO SCALE R ACCESSORIE S COUNTE R PREAMP

Fot hch reOlJlIlt"'" .lIdiomc..u"'mc...... multlplonliP", froqw...,

• Grc.. lor Plo __• M...... I»' 10 .. 100• 0.01 H. onoIgllO.t

S2Q 115 I' ll

T.lc"'op; hlp onlenn. · BNC 1'1 , ....HOJ.h impod e probe, IIJI« Ioodt...L.-- 1'*1I probe, lor aud>o ....._ ..

Pn<:r probe.. IFftCnd PulJ'OlC ""FTil bool fur CT 10. 90. MIN l-- l OO ..0oןס") bu" • • • Iob..'itln ....... u l cooonttr

"''''" """" TV "pal. , .

PHONE ORDERSC A LL 716-5S6-3QSO

. S 7.9~

15.9SIS."12.IIS

U S

IUS

F", u"" . ""IT h- 1Tom I ~ ' 0 I .CJlXlMH: . S I."".1'<"' p1 IT t............-tr.od..J..J

. F1at25 db ....• BNC e-un• G rc.. fur lIIitfi... RF ..lh pi.r;k. up loop

U • .95 Kil S4<4.9S Wired

204 73 Magaz ine · November, 1981

DIGITAL RESEARCH: PARTS"TOP QUALITY PARTS FOR LESS"

2 for 10°

Video PaddleControls ,....

Can De used Wit hgame ooaro at te rr.

LM117Al" easv to use adju stableVoltage Reg ulato r - on !, 1"' 0e- te-oa r res istors oeeoec toset tne ou tpu t vonace . TO·3cese . adjus table f rom 1 2to 37V Regu lat o r is f loa l lno, ';0 It c anb e us ed In a Wid e V;H et v 0/a pp l ica t io ns. as long a s IhC' oourto .ou tpu t o .ue renna t vo l ta ge IS JOV O f 1f'55

1 SA cutout current bo use numb er edpnme Moto ro la

...- •

COMPARE

• MIc ro wave R F t ra nSisto r iN P N.l• '.1 rc ro mo !d package - 37• Du al Em itter lead so FT l 0 4 5 GHZo VC EO 10V-CC 20 MA HF E 40·200o Gai n lO V·20M A-1 G HZ = 140B Typicalo Verj 10 1'. norse Hig h gain' 5 DB

a 500 M HZ• C IE>arE>d for " Ig~ rE> l laOII 'I" space

app lic at ions

NEO 2137 by NEe

Video Game Board

• ,·, : · · ~ ,, ~~~ .· ~ 5 C' C

E" .: ~ :-,' ~ '': .:,·~n " ~" ,,~ \' ,' .~ " ~ ~ ." c" J:. ~ ~" ': "':: " "-d~ ': .... .'~ • ,, ~.,~ " .... ,~ ..e: I:.::" ,..:'..,.. ;a~ .. v .. S~ ".l " "· c' \' e ~ P,"; .,S",I ,"e5

MC6871A

3/2000

'-' C6B71A,

750w/dala

H as bo th 1 M HZ an d 2 MHZ TTLo utp ulS - Herm et lcal l, sea led ­Ul tra n iQh stabi li ty over w ide temp ,rang e - ori gin all y cost over $40.00each - We ma de a su per purchasefrom a malor computer m anu facturer- 5 Veil oce- enco . ' lI S standard 2.:PH' socke t . w a e o ta c r e re o b~'

Mo t o ro l a oscuta tor o tv.s toe

Precision HybridOscillator Module

IC SpecialsMC 1488- 1489 . RS232 Driver

and Receiver 99' pLNE556·0 ua l N E555

211 "N E555

311 " or 10/3"

MA1010A ClockModule

• Giant ,84" LED• Comptete . add only t rans-

fo rmer and swi tches• 12 hour d is play formal. 50 or 60 HZ cperenon• Power fa il ure indication• Fast and slow se t con trols• Brightness control

c apabi li ty 4 25• PM ind icator

SCOTCH LOK

JFETOPAMP

EIAJ #15598NEC #4981·7E

Microwave - Schottkybarrier d iode

HP-Hot Carrier d iodes5082·2835

LF356BH. 75C Or 3/20 0

Super H ig h Inpu t ImpedancePO" OHMS) - High Freq uen.cv Respo nse TO 4 MHZ.large DC v on ace Gam 106 DB- New c enere ttoo OP·AMPw ith Vast ly Super ior Features '

" ..'5 ,:,,-:, .. 55 - era .'~ ~5 ..." •. ',:" pee: ' : ' ta r- e S~C' f" ~e,. ' -5'.' ••' c­c-o- , ,'~ uS" ~~ , ' ..'. " -..,~, .::,'

~ 'h" 1' 5el'i'~o " '" i?~~--l~.,..,.."...,..,..,,......,,,......,-

G·..a ~ ' ," "." "e-: ! ~ ~ .' " ',' I.' .'~.. ' 5!"i= ., ... ., : ~".: ,!. ": " '; ...: ••¥ !oI'. ". a.A:" ~~a'.~:,' ·"",'~." "'~

5~'; ~ H ~A':'" ,-.' .~a , h "" ,:e, p e. ~ C'~ ("',' s ~: , C'.: s: ':," l,"...... e' 51 " ~ " ' .. "5"'~ ~ ("" .\ ' .. ,: 1:','.:'"~" oI'.:loI' ;: \', ' ~ .1 SU' M ·.: "A' ,"

99c or 6/500

Micro MiniToggle Switch

99C

Transformer

32VCT (if ' amp 3256V (if 1 am p

Measures:2.. 2 ' / " 2 " "x • x '.

2%" Mount ing Cent ers

5 Watt Zeners ,tf6 8, 15, 48, / (jllv 24v 55v12.6 v 30v 60v

5°'• • Some Ho use NumberedCu t & s o rmeo s Prim e

10 for 100

IN4735 · 6 2V . 1 WattCu t & Fo rmed _. 20/ 10°

f';

_

L , 615". .' or', < Is PDT • Made m USA

With Hardwa re

Rectifier DiodeIN4007 II

11/1 00 II1000 verts. , Am p 1

00·41 Case . Prime 0

tooc teao e Ma r~ ed

VariableInductors30·40 un.9 uh · 1 2 uh11 uhto20uh,25 uti- .35 uh I

85 " h954/100Fixed Inductors

.39 uh - 6 11 00 12.5 uh . 8 11 00

500 uh· Hash Fitt erfj 2 A mps . 4/1 00

---Molded Choke13 uh _8 11 00 50 m h - 6 11 00

1,2 m h · 8 11 00

• VISA ' MASTERCARO' AMER ICAN EXPRESS'

URMS... ~ I I'ur~ ." 1'1-1 *,.J~" O'Hr~ IS U. IS *'....."'1 H.

c.o0 w~ v~~" ¥'lJ , M..I.. CJl~ Ift~ "..ft f,,.n ~ tJrii T•• It. t ,J~d S. ' II ..,.,~~ ."1,,,, ICJU~J !O ~ l l~~ 20 ~ P S. II

SEE WHAT BILLY BOB HAS TO SAYON PAGE 18 OF OUR NEWCATALOGI

- Digital Research: PartsP.O. 80J 4012478· Iltrtlnd. TIllI. 75040

(2141 27t-246t73 Magazine · November, 1961 205

OPERATIONAL FEATURESIN STANT FINGERTIP TUNIN G wilh the catcurator-type key boardenabl es me operator to nave instant access to any frequency inlhe LW, MW, SW, and FM band s, And the LCD dig ital frequencydisplay confirms the exact. ortn.tree signal being receivedAUTOMATIC SCANNING of the above banes cceuoccusscanning 01 any desired portion of lhe band is achieved byselling the ''It '" and " L2"' keys 10 de fine the range to be scanned.The scanner can stop automaticall y on strong signals, or it canbe done manually MANUAL SEARCH is similar to the manuatscan mode and is useful l or quick signal searching. The ··UP"and '"DOWN" keys leI the tuner search lor you. The "FAST"' keyincreases the search rate for faster SIgnal cetecuon MEMORYPRESETS. Six memory keys hold desired stations lor instantone-key tuning in any mode (AM, SSB/CW, and FM l. and etsc. tne" L," and " L2" keys can gi~e you two more memory slOIS whennot used tor scanning, OTHER FEATURES: Local, normal, OXsens itivity select or lor AM; SSB/CW compensator; 90 min. sleepumer: AM Ant. Adjust.

A Enter ButtonB Signal St reng th

IndicatorC Liquid Crystal Displayo Memory Preset ButtonsE Antenna Ad justment

Dial

plus$5.00shipp ing

@]F SSBtCW Compensator

G Execute Bar

H Manual Tuning Buttons

I Scan Button

J High/Low Lim it Buttons

only $29995

(NOW IN STOCK)[I

o

III

• Conllnuous Scanning of lW. MW, SW, & FM Bands• Instant Fingerlip Tuning-No More Knobs!.6 Memories lor Any Mode (AM,SSB/CW, & FM)• Dual PlL Frequency Synthesized-No Drill!

A WHOLE NEW BREED OF RADIO 1$ HERE NOW ! No othershort wave receiver combines so many advanced features 10fboth operating convenience and hIgh performance as does \I'Ienew Sony tCF·2001. Once you have operated this a_citing newradio, you'll be spoiled forever! Direct access luning eliminatesconvenhonal luning knobs and dialS wi th a convenient digitalkeyboard and Liquid Crystal Display IlCD) lor accurate trecoeo.cy readout to w ith in 1 KHz, Instant fingertip lun ing . up 10 8memory presets. and continuous scanning teatores make theICF·2001 the ultimate in corweorence.

Compare t he foll owing features against any receiver currentlyavanabre and you will nave 10 agree that the Sony ICF 2001 is thebest value in shortwave receivers today,

DUAL PLL SYNTHESIZER CIRCU ITRY covers entire 150 KHz to29999 MHz band. PLLt circuit has 100 KHz step while PLL2handles 1 KHz step, both 01 which are controlled by separatequartz crystal OSCillators for precise, no-drililuning DUAL CON­VERSION SUPERHETERODYNE circuitry assures superior AMreception ancl high image rejection Characteristics. The 10.7 MHzIF 01lhe fM band is utilized as the 2nd tF cttne AM band, A newtype 01 crys tal filt er made espec iall y 101 ttus purpose realizescl earer reception than commonty used ceramic tuters. All FETFRONT END 101 high sensit i~i ty and tote-terence rejec tion, truer­mooo tencn. cross modulation, and spurious tote-te rence are ef·tecuverv rejected. FET RF AMP contributes to superior image reorecnon. high eensmvnv. and good signa l 10 noise rauo. Bothstrong and weak stations are received w ith minimal distortion .

RevolutionaryInstant Access DigitalShortwave Scanner

EXTENDED SPECTRUM CONTINUOUS TUNING

SPECIFICATIONSCIRCUIT SYSTEM; Fm Superheterodyne; AM Dual con~ersion

superheterodyne. SIGNAL CIRCUITRY; 4 IC's, 11 ser -e. 23Transistors, 16 Diodes. AUXILIARY CIRCUITRY; 5 IC's, 1 LSI. 5LED's, 25 Transistors. g Diodes, FREQUENCY RANGE; FM76-108 MHz; AM 15(}2Q,999 KHz. INTERMEDIATE FREQUENCY;FM 10.7 MHz.: AM 1st 66.35 MHz.. 2nd 10.7 MHz. ANTErmAS: FMtelescopic, ext. ant, terminal: AM telescopic. bui lt ·in ferri te bar,ext. ant. terminal. POWfR: 4,5 VDC/l20 VAC DIMENSIONS: 12'/4(W) X 2'14 (H) X 6 "'" (Dj. WEIGHT : 3 lb. 15 oz. (1,8 kg)

206 73 Magazine . November. 1981

/ .. fi ll jj , C/EJulIle QJ.nes ).._---_.- D~DI!. "7400 IlepIeCft thoo h ' . p""''' AI..... BMI

III/III ......... s.Moo;llon 01 )0 F_ I", Tu.... ~~.fy_ _ --

~-~ 5,.M_ •• ~.- • - '0" ".-0, ....'"..._ T ...... 0 .'

~-- •• ~.- • Sl'I ....... • _v""~ · ",_..., <~ c:~... " T O..,

•

~.:~ -~ )00 D",. "'" ILCD 0".. ' ••~- ~ ~.- •• ~.- • • ,

• ' '''£v""n ' .e, ""<un _ 0. 00.'0>' ••~_. • -- • """ ........ •~_. • ~... • ~... • -~)00 0 .... IVO (LED 1;)0"" ••

~- • ~... ~ ~.- • ~ ,_ ..... _ ..""n · .t;. Como" _. 0oסI>.., ••..-~- • ~- • ,.,."..... • J1.-c~ ... 0." IVD LCD 00>- "..0. ••~-- • ~- • ~.- • "'>C.... ......... "'0 L ED on. ....... II."~- • ~- • ~.- ~ y--- ._---_.._--

_.~

Low """'" \loot ........., ... ~

~- • ~- • SH...... c' ._- .~. " • ' 00. '" • ._.c.. ..... -,- C"'OS Lt D so_ .......rr_. ••~.- • ~- • ,.,...,- c. ' 0 _ :::::i? .- '_T,,_ >ooK,,,'''' " sl_.'''' "'... X T t. ••"",JOl 'N • ~-

,.. ,......,,,... '" ._- ' (_ 00'_ . _ ,_ .. 0_ -,~ T_~.'... C.~.- • --- • ......"'.. ~

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s .. .... .. • s .."".... • S" "'." ,. AD30 AC Adapter •.•.•.•.•.•.•....•. •.• ...•. ..•.•.• .$8.95 "m" ' ·0 '. " "ED Uo,O.wn c<> un'" ",..S"'"'" • 5"'"0''' • ,..'".... ,.. m""J< .. 0 .." Un' " ...0 0"" ,..--- .. 5'''''''''' • S""",,, ,. /220'0" "CD'" O.. It "'0 C""M.. 0 '" ".aS",,_ • S."""" ,. ,,,,,,- • =- DISCRETE LEOS -===::II1II-"",~ ,",G._ mi"'lJ ~ "0'." Un" . co~"'" n,,,

,"'Ul" • 5"""''' • S" ' ''OJ'' • ""...Ev , ,,,,, • • '."<l 'o" Co~M•• Cot 'D , ><, ~_.

...."'E CMOS " '" ..."". T' ...../<:""",., ••,"'03m • 5""'12" • S""'"'' • ><CM4R JOV' ,.. "'1 ..."'" ,... '... .,s, Oof< 7>UOjA C"'OS O'.'OO-O,,-llOl RC T....., ,.s .. " ... • S""'"'' • -",.... • "e-<I ,,... _n "01 " ClOtR .,a...... "" ~.... 8,.co'" H o _ ,.L C..OS BCD _ , T' ''''' /<: ''''''' ' ' ..--- • s"Nla" • S.... ,... • " ClOII y .lW' ••,.... . /Ol ,,~ ,I"" .'.... M ' , ... Nt. \ ." l OOt ...,.... C..OS BCO _, T'..... /<: ...",.. ,.~- ~ 5...."'.. • S..","'" • " CSMC ._ .....' .., " ClOtV .1"''' . " ,... .., ~ c..4" • ,. ..,.... COOOS'" T'....... P'~J ,._ fOOl .. • INNUI" • s " ",_ C. .=. ._..... ~, ~oaR ,........ ~,

-,~ C"OS. T'...._ (10 ''''1 ~

~- • IN""''' • "'",- •• .= -.- ~ " C$>IO ......._ .., ~ . . . .. . . . " •• Mn• • ...., IoC• • COOOS OD Amp "-. ' .... ...vU.~_. C. IN"IO'" • --_. ~ .=. ._. ,"10.. ~, " oay ..... . _ .. .., M" • •• ...-- ..... _.. C"OS OD Amp £" . C...... ...v•.•~- C. INN' .... ~ ~_. • ..- ,~ - ... .- .-- .., R .. ·, $ " ...", 3111.00 "lI IoCP. C..OS ...... 0<> ...... C_, ...V ...

~- • _....... C. ~.... c. _ccn COOOS Tto .......... C_. _v ...~- • ~.- ~ ~- • C..... _'--....... _ DISPLAY LEOS '" e-............'_

" 'CC I'D CIoI05 O",d 0<> -.. e-. _v ,'''~*. • 5""'_ • ~- C' 0.0.-0..0- ...... ....0- ..__ ...........

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A Bold Adventure In Engineering!

YAESU ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, 6851 Walthall Way, Paramount, CA 90723 • (213) 633-4007Eastern service C1r., 9812 Prlnceton-Glendale Rd., Cincinnati, OH 45246 • (513) 874-3100

MS-l

ne2 seeorrcs a igrtal

• Progr_mm_ble automatic band IcanUpper and lower frequency limits andscan steps of 5 KHz and la rger (5. 10.15 . 20 . 30 KHz. etc.I may be pro­grammed. Scan locks on busy channel.resumes approximately 2 secondsafter Signal ceases.

• UP/DOWN manual acanUp/Down manual scan In 5 KHz steps.

• Built-in tuneable aub-tone encoderSub-tone encoder. with activate switch.tu neable (variable resistor) to desiredcrcss tone. Optional TU-I program­mable (DIP-switchl encoder accessoryavailable.

• Bullt·ln 16 key autopatch encoder16 keys provide telephone dual tonemodulation.

• " SLIDE·LOC- battery packSlides Into position. locks Into place.

• Re"erae operationShifts receiver to transmit frequency.and transmitter to receive frequency.

• Keyboard frequency ee tecn e aSets operation frequency across fullrange.

• Extended frequency co"ena:eCovers 143.900 to 148 .995 MHz In5 KHz steps.

• Optional power aourceUs ing optional MS-I mobile or ST-2 ACcharger/power supply. radio may beoperated while ch arging. (Au toma ticdrop-tn connections)

• Hlgb impact plaatlc caaeProvides extra s trength to resist damage.

• Battery statUI indicatorFlashes 10 Indicate low batterycharge level.

• Two lock awitchelPrevent accidental frequency changeand accidental transmission .

Standard e cceeeortee lncluded:• flexible rubbertzed antenna WIth

BNC connector• 400 mAH heavy-duty Nt-Cd battery pack• AC charger• Plugs for external microphone and

speaker

More In formation on the TR-2500 Isavaila ble from all aurhortzed dealers ofTHo-Kenwood Communications1111 West Walnut Street. Compto n.Califo rnia 90220 .

ST-2

Extra Nt-Cd ba tte ry pack.400 mA H. hea vy dutyBelt hookWrist s trapEarphoneRF power amplifier (To bea nnounced later.l

• BH-2• WS -l• EP-l0 -

Actual size

Sp<"C"ifical;ans and prkn art' subJed 10 changE' w Uh ou l nonce or obllgalion.

••

Optional a ccessories:

• MS-l• TV-l

Base station power supply andquick charger Iapprox. I hr)Mobile stand/charger/supplyProgrammable sub-to ne(CTe SS) encoder

• SMC-2 5 Speak er microphone• LH-2 Deluxe top gra in cowhide

leather case

• ST-2

CONVENIENT TOP CONTROLS

• IOILO power output l e lectlo nAllows ope ratio n at 2 .5 walls or 300mw RF output.

The TR-2500 i. a compact 2 meter FMhandheld tranlcelver featuring an LCDreadout, 10 channel memory. lithiumbattery memory back-up, memorylean. pragr_mm_ble automatic band­lean. HilLo power .witch and built·inlub·toac encoder.

• EIttemely compact abe and l1&btwet.eh tMeasures 66 12-5/81 W x 168 (6-518) Hx 40 U-5/8) D. mm unctiesi. Weighs540 grams u.z Ibsl with NI..cd pack.(Photo shown. actual suet.

• LCD dJ&ltal frequency rudoutEasy to read In direct sunngnr or dark(with lamp swnctn. Low current drain.S hows rreqoencres and memorychannels. plus fou r "Arrow" modeIndicators.

• Ten channel memoryNine memories for simplex or ± 600KHz offset. ·MO· memory for non­standard spilt frequency repeaters.

• Lithium battery memory back-upBulll-in LIth ium battery (estimated 5year life) maintains memory whenNI-Cd pack Is fu lly discha rged orremoved.

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