The Economist 1846-09-26: Vol 4 Iss 161 - Wikimedia Commons

| he would nearly double the amount of his produce.

| deal of rain here, and the land is therefore often wet.

| the superabundant moistures, thwarted by the ignorance of the peasant.

The Economist, WEEKLY COMMERCIAL TIMES.

Bankers’ Gasette, & BRatlway Monitor.

A POLITICAL,

CONTENTS. THE ECONOMIST,

Ireland—its Permanent Evils and Treland ...s00seseeee their Remedy, No. II. ....... eee 1249 | Miscellaneous .....+ 00000 eooe 1257

European Education in British ‘India 1250 | Foreign and Colonial .... sccoe 1S07 Death of Sir John ela Theatres ..scocccccoscecsvcreceresere: severe 1259

pointment of his Successor ......... 1251 LITERATURE: The Spanish Marriage '........s00...e0. 1251 | Trade and Travel inthe Far East... 125¢ Progress of Free Trade on the Conti- British Consuls abroad «..cccceeeeeeee 1262

NENG 2c. e000 encceoeecccocese eoccceece coves 1252 Suggestions for a Rapid Communi- AGRICULTURE :— cation by Steam Navigation and The Waning Associations ......000048 1252 | R@iUWAYS crccoceescccceverrecceseessees 1262 Cattle Shows and Cattle Sales - 1253 | Books received....ccecccresscersseeereee 1263 A Timely Correction ....... . 1254 CORRESPONDENCE:

sccerecccsecsesccscscsecs 1256

Court and AristOcracy ......seeceeceeee 1254 American News and Opinions...... 1263 The Metropolis «....-cseseees sees 1255 | Potato Prospects and the Railway The Provinces...... coves 12585 | LavestMents secccereroseeseceeeseesseee 1263 Scotland... ..+sseceeeesseees svsese 1256 | Summary Of NOWS ose coceeseeeeeeeeeeeeee 1264

THE COMME RC TAL TIMES AND BANKERS’ GAZETTE. The Bankers’ Gazette .........cesseeees 1264 , Eastern Commercial Intelligence ... 1268 Money Markets .....sseeeeee «+ 1265 ) China Markets........- eevecccoccvcecceseces 1260 Bankers’ Price Current.. «+ 1265 | London Markets of the Week ......... 1269 Commercial Epitome..... «+ 1266 | Additional Notices sececcesescccececce 1270 Commercial News ...... sees 1266 | Postscript.. 1270 State of Corn Trade for the We ee ek. «+ 1267 Mar kets ofthe M anufactaringDistricts 1271 Weekly Corn Returns .s.cceee- « 1268 | Liverpoo! Markets . « 1271 Foreign and Colonial Produc o. ee» 1268 | Poreign Markets .......+. - 1271 Indigo ....+.. sees 1265 | Weekly Prices Current .. . 1272 The Crops a: nd the Wool ‘Trade in Imports, oe eC. wee 1273 GErMany ccocccscessoresssecccccesesccsece 1268 — GAZEtte rocccorceccecccecsesecseccsesecseeceres 1273

THE RAILWAY MONITOR. Epitome of Railway News: Railway Market Summary oecsccseeeee 1275

Railway Meetings .....csccccsseeeeeeee 1274 | Railway Share List Foreign Railway News: Traffic Returns.......+ * France ccccccecscseceesecscecsecssecesesesce 1275 | AUVETtisCIMENES .cccercosrsecereeese sere

Che Political Economist. IRELAND—ITS PERMANENT EVILS AND THEIR

REMEDY.—No. II. Inevanp presents thesingular anomalyofa people who murder each other in order to obtain possession of a patch of land, which, when obtained, they only half cultivate—who are constantly clamouring for employment, and yet outrage and ruin those who proffer it to them—who habitually starve or live on charity, with swarming fisheries and millions of acres of available waste tempting them on every side. Their agriculture, as might be expected from poor and ignorant cottiers, is of the rudest and most inefficient kind; yet they resent, as an injury deserving death, any attempt to improve it, or to amend their own physical condition. Evidence to this disgraceful peculiarity is literally teeming—our selections from it, which must of necessity be brief, we give not as proofs, but simply as specimens of the proof, which abounds both in official documents, in the accounts of able and impartial travellers, and in the un- questioned reports of experienced residents. Let us first hear Mr Foster :—

“ Had the poor Irish peasant the knowledge of the intelligent English farmer, His whole knowledge, how-

ever, seems only to extend to throwing the seed on the land, with some loose soil over it, and manure, if he has it; the rest he leaves to nature. There is a great

Its very undulating surface makes it almost naturally drain itself. On the borders of the county of Leitrim, I have often seen the effect of this undulating surface in draining off

I have repeatedly seen the potato beds laid across the side of a hill, or winding round its slope, each trench acting as a drain to the bed above it, and holding the water to soak through the bed below it; and yet the poor peasant will complain that his crop is half destroyed by the rot, and that he cannot pay his rent. When the land will grow no more potatoes, then oats are sown. ‘The first year the crop is usually a very good one; but it is repeated year after year, till at length you may almost count the stalks, and the land will grow oats no longer. It is then left to recover itself by time, and usually lies fallow six or seven years.” —Letters on the Condition of the People of Ireland, p. 53.

The custom of allowing the land to lie fallow, after exhausting it | by repeating the same crops year after year, is confirmed by the witnesses under Lord Devon's commission, one of whom, speaking

| of the same neighbourhood, declares that “half the land lies fallow.’ ; | Mr Barron, in giving evidence before the same commission regarding the county of Waterford, says :—

“The farmers of this country know no more of a rotation of crops than they do about the rotation of the planetary system,....... The farms are in tillage principally, and on a system the most admirably calculated to reduce the land to a maximum of sterility—a constant succession of white crops,

SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER. 26, 1846.

LITERARY, AND GENERAL NEWSPAPER.

No. 161.

first, wheat when the soil will give it, then a crop or two of oats, then a sprin- kling of dirty hay-seed, and then the land let out to rest itself... .. They know no more about artificial grasses, than they do about roast-beef and plum-pud- GUNG oa It is my opinion that this county would support five times its present population, were an improved system of agriculture introduced.”

Two Scotch farmers employed by Lord Erne in Fermanagh to | teach his tenants agriculture, entirely confirm the ahove account. They declare that the land now let at 25s to 30s an acre would, if farmed on the Scotch system, be worth 4/; that it would take the whole of the labourers to farm the land properly; that at present they “merely scratch the land ;” and, finally, that a Scotch labourer is cheaper at 1s a day than an Irishman at 6d.—Lord Devon's Report, App. p. 134, §e.

“I repeatedly” (says Mr Foster, speaking of portions of Munster and Con- naught) “saw the peasantry thrashing their corn, on fine days, in the middle of the high road. When the road is dry, they simply sweep the loose dust and stones off it, and then spread their corn upon the road and thrash it out. I have had repeatedly to drive over corn thus spread out........./ After being thus thrashed out, the women usually spread a sheet on the road side, on a windy day, and winnow the corn from the chaff by holding up both in a bowl or sieve as high as they can, and then gradually emptying the sieve, the wind blows away the chaff on the edges of the sheet, the corn falling upon it............ If the wind is high, much of the corn is blown away with the chaff. Generally this sheet is taken from off the bed; and so utterly unprovided with every farming requisite are these poor farmers, that frequently the same sheet is sown up into a sack, in which to carry the corn to market. J have seen this scores of times in Mayo, Slige, and Galway. This, of course, besides ita dirtiness, tears the sheet to pieces, since it was not manufactured for any such purpose ; and this again is wasteful. If there be rain before the farmer has sold his corn, the sheet-sack will not ke \p out the wet, and the corn is damaged, injured, and deteriorated in value. Then again the farmer who only calculated on being a day or two without his bed-clothes, and has no others, is forced to sell his thrashed wheat, no matter what the price may be, in order to get back his night-covering.”—Letters on Ireland, p. 56.

So much for agricultural skill among the poor Irish. Now, let us see how they meet the exertions of those who endeavour to introduce a better system. Lord George Hill, in 1837, purchased a property at Gweedore, in Donegal, of 23,000 acres, and has published a most curious and instructive account of the state in which he found the peasantry thereon, and of his plans and efforts for redeeming them, They were in a state of indescribable wretchedness—holding much of the land in common—paying scarcely any rent—manuring with seaweed, and carefully washing the sand and shells out of the seaweed, before putting it on the bog land—harrowing by fastening the harrow to the horse's tail, sometimes by a rope, sometimes by the hair of the tail alone—clip- ping their sheep, (as Bruce’s Abyssinians eat their cows,) bit by bit, as they wanted wool to finish a pair of stockings, &c., &c.— with sundry other barbarisms, quos nunc describere longum est. Lord George, with a full sense of his duties to those uncivilised squatters, set resolutely to work to amend their condition—laid out their land in ten acre plots, drained them, built cottages | for them, and offered premiums for the neatest cottages and the best cultivated plots. The people set themselves as resolutely against all those improvements ; refused to compete for the premiums, and resolved, by obstinate opposition, to tire out their benevolent landlord. They refused to work at the fences, even for good wages—destroyed them by night when made, as- saulted the labourers who accepted the work which they refused, and stole their tools. Happily for them, the landlord persevered, and his agents were resolute and able men; and the whole face of the district is now changed, and the people are beginning to see the outrageous folly of their former behaviour."

The case of Mr Cooper, of Sligo, as detailed in the evidence taken by Lord Devon's commission, exhibits a similar history, hap- | pily crowned, though after much time and expense, by similar | success. Mr David Wilson, of county Clare, has also taken | great pains among his tenantry, has built for them better cot- | tages, and is still spending from 400/ to 500/ a year in improvements, of which one half goes to pay his tenants for | draining their own land. His reward has been, constant op-

* It is a fact full of meaning, that in parts of Ulster even, the fenani-righi—that is, as it was defined by one witness, a sum of money paid by the incoming to the outgoing tenant for the peaceable possession of his holding—often amounts to 40 or 50 years’ purchase—sometimes to three times the fee-simple of the land.—Facts from Gweedore. | Foster, p, 142.

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1250 THE ECONOMIST. [Sept. 26,

position, and repeated notices:that if he perseyeres he will be shot. He was obliged to. go about: armed, and,, we believe, has recently been indeed! to quit the country, lest: he: should’ meet the fate of Ierd! Norbury, Mr Carrick, and’ others.

If we turn from agriculture to fishing, precisely the same me-

lancholy picture of indolence, obstinacy, and violence presents itself. Mackerel swarm ip the bays of the south, west of, county Cork—dud it is Cornwall fishermen who catch them. In other cases they catch 1,000 herrings in a morning, and never go out again till all are consumed, and seldom even think of mending their nets, till the swarm of fish has more than half disappeared. And, finally, where, as in county Waterford, a fishing company is established to take advantage of the abundant treasures of the sea, the fishermen first refuse to learn the new method of fishing, then raise an outcry because strangers are brought to do what they refused to do, and abuse the company for sending fish to England till Ireland has first been satisfied. When all this was of no avail they destroyed the company’s nets, and still persist in doing so, though the company offer similar apparatus and gratuitous instruction to the malcontents !—Forster, p. 603. Who can read these statements, regarding agricultural, manu-

facturing, and fishing enterprise—statements which are uncontro- verted, and, we believe, incontrovertible—and not confess that Irishmen have made for themselves the hard bed they lie on ?— and that a people who are constantly crying out for charity and employment—who, in the piteous words of Mr Poulett Scrope, only

‘* Ask their brothers of the earth To give them leave to toil,”

and yet refuse that employment when offered to them, and murder, or ruin those who offer it, cannot be regarded with the compassion due to the victims of fate or of foreign oppression— | but rather with the stern and somewhat contemptuous sorrow with which good men regard those who have laboriously and ob- stinately wrought out their own destruction.

But there is another resource for the poor which England has, and which Ireland has not. Ireland has neither manufactures for those who can work, nor Poor Laws for those who cannot. She has, indeed, workhouses for the aged and infirm; but for those who are willing to work, but cannot find work, she makes no provision.

“ By the existing poor laws in Ireland, the guardians are only empowered, in their discretion, to relieve within the workhouses such persona as may be destitute by reason of old age or infirmity. Now, all laws are, or ought to be, founded on the natural-rights of man. Every man, by the law of nature, has a right to live, and to avenge injustice and injury. But civilized society prevents the exercise of this natural right for the peace of the community, and is bound to give an equitable return. Thus it says, you shall yield your individual right, to avenge the injustice and injury you have suffered, to the civil government and to the law, which will avenge you. In like manner the community says, you shall yield your natural right to hunt, to steal, to fight for your subsistence if you are destitute, and it ought to say (but it does not) the civil government will recognise your right to live; and, for the peace of society, lest you be driven to exercise your natural right, will provide succour for you in your destitution. This is simply civilisation. But what does society say toa man “cleared” off a farm)? You are starving, and nature has given you the strength, and the cunning, and the natural right to get food; no matter, you shall not hunt for food, if you} do we will imprison you. Those grounds belong to another man, you must not trespass on them—if you do we will punish you. If you steal food we will imprison and transport you. If you fight for it we will meet force by force, and if necessary kill you, and will at least imprison and punish you. Now, is this just ? Is this the fairreturn which civilised society should make to destitute man for the natural right, to obtain food by force or fraud, which he gives up? It is not ; and, when destitution comes—when the dreadful period arrives when man must assert his natural right or demand from society an equivalent, and there is none, can we be really much surprised at outrages? They are to be expected, and will continue until justice in this respect is rendered to destitute man.

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The measures which we think would rectify this condition of society we must postpone for future consideration.

EUROPEAN EDUCATION IN BRITISH INDIA.

Tue public is much indebted to Colonel Sykes for an account of the Educational Institutions of the East India Company in India. Though they may be very few and very inadequate, compared to the wants of a population, amounting, even before the late acqui- sitions of the Scinde and the Punjaub to upwards of 93,000,000, yet are they strong evidence in favour of the Company. Like other governments, it now takes a great interest im the moral welfare of its subjects, and like them is desirous of promoting, by means of school learning, knowledge, and civilisation. In its case this is the more remarkable, as its power is founded on a moral superiority which, by imparting and diffusing education, it seems not

| unlikely to destroy. Nevertheless, it acts without apprehension, it makes the acquisition of useful knowledge the passport to em-

_ ployment, and it seeks, contrary to the proceedings of conquering nations, to maintain its dominion by improving its conquered sub-

| jects, and making them participators iv its own power. This isa great experiment. | the former rulers of India, also conquerors, allow it indeed to be | made under many advantages, By contrast, if not absolutely, its | dominion 1s a real benefit to the millions of India, though it sub- verts the power and destroys the fortunes of Sultans and Rajabs. It now essays to diffuse knowledge amongst the people it has saved from a multitude of rapacious tyrannies, and to preserve a power which physica}ly seems incapable of endurance, by confer- ring moral advantages on its subjects. It is, hereafter, forgetful of the origin of its dominion, to base that on the affections of the

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people. Time-will show, by the results, whether the sword or | kindliness be the most stable-foundation of an empire. | According to Colonel Syke’s statement, from whose pamphlet we borrow. the information whieli: follows, the first educational institution in India, the Hindoo College of Calcutta, was founded only in 1816, and the recent progress is shown by many of the institutions being only of two or three years standing. In the Pre. sidency of Bengal, containing about 70 millions of people, the number of educational institutions under the inspection of the Council in 1843 was fifty-one. Of these, six were in Calcutta, including the Hindoo College, Medical College, School Society’s School, Maho- medan Maddressa, and the Sanscrit College. At Hooghly there were five, including the College of Mahomed Mohsin and an infant school. In the provinces under Bengal there were fifteen, chiefly schools, but including the Dacca College and the Bancoorah Pro. bationary School. In the north-western province, the administration of which is now separated {rom Bengal, there were fifteen, in-

cluding the Benares Sanscrit College, the Benares English Semi- nary, the Agra College, and the Dehli College, ‘The pupils in 1835-6 amounted to 3,573 in twenty-three schools, and on April 30 they amounted to 8,203 in the fifty-one colleges and schools, The expense was in 1835 35,5197 per annum, and in 1843 58,7351, whence Colonel Sykes concludes that the liberality of the Directors

is far in advance of that of the Parliament of Great Britain. On its part the grant is entirely gratuitous—on the parliament numerous demands have been made, and the money which it is required to vote, were it withheld, would in no degree tend to en-

rich itself. But the parliament has not yet acquired the conviction of the Company, that its own safety can only be found in promoting the welfare of the people.

In Madras it appears that less has been done for education than in Bengal. The Court of Directors, in addressing the Madras government in 1830, said, and the passageis doubly worthy of attention, as especially setting forth the object of the Directors in promoting education,—

“You are, moreover, acquainted with our anxious desire to have at our disposal a body of natives, qualified by their habits and acquirements to tale a larger share, and occupy higher situations, in the civil administration of their country than has hi-

therto been the practice under our Indian governments. The measures for native education, which have as yet been adopted or planned at your Presidency,

| have had no tendency to produce such persons.”

The Madras Government did not show much inclination to attend to the directors’ wishes, and in 1839 Mr Colvin had still to say that education was neglected. There is now a university

at Madras, seven of the twelve governors being natives, two Ma- homedans, and five Hindoos. In 1843 the university had only 118 scholars. The school fees are high, and no scholars are admitted who are unable to read and write the English language

A native gentlemen, Putcbeapah, has founded a public school, in which 400 or 500 children receive instruction in reading and writing English. Putcheapah has also allotted funds for an endowment in the university. There was, too, a preparatory school auxiliary to the university, but this was given up, and the university seems the only educational institution of any importance established as yet under the Madras Government. At the same time this seems incomplete. The university council wished to establish two classes, one for medicine and one for civil engineering, but the funds were inadequate, and the plan fell to the ground.

Of Bombay the report is more favourable than of Madras. There is a board of education, consisting of three Europeans, one Parsee, one Hindoo, and one Mahomedan. The government allots

125,000 rupees per annum for educational purposes, and the board controls a sum of 20,000 rupees, constituting the Sanscrit College fund, But the most celebrated institution in the Presidency is the Elphinstone Native Education Institution, which originated in the veneration of all classes for the Hon. Mountstuart Elphinstone. They subscribed large sums of money to found this institution, which has since been extended. It has an upper and lower Eng- lish department, and a vernacular department. In the first, which has 30 scholars, mathematics, natural philosophy, chemis- try, political economy, and history, are taught; in the second, which, in 1842, had 587 scholars, English and arithmetic are taught; in the vernacular department, the number of scholars was, in 1842, 719. In the two latter, there was at that period a falling off from former years, which was attributed to the disci- pline having become more rigid, and the acquirements demanded of the scholars greater. In 1842, there were three English schools at Poonah, Tannal, and Herat, at which the number of scholars was respectively 118, 77, and 35. The number of indigenous schools in the Presidency was 120, and the number of pupils 7,750. On the whole, 17.3 boys of every 100 are educated in Bombay, and 15.5 of every 100 in Bengal. Of the Bombay children, 15 per cent, are instructed in the indigenous schools, and 2.3 per cent. in the government schools. Female education, as might be expected from the condition of the women, is every where almost a blank, although the missionaries have some girls’ schools.

At all these institutions, whether indigenous or established by the Government, the scholars contribute to their support, though in asmall degree. In the Bengal and Agra Government Schools 19 per cent of the pupils contribute to their own education. Under the Agra Government out of 2,420, only 42 students pay. At first the natives were bribed to attend the schools by stipends,

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1846. ] gh Seat ee but this was soon discovered’to be impolitic, and, instead of that, a system of scholarship or rewards for exertion, giving not only distinction amongst their fellows, but a liberal monthly provision for a period of years was substituted. In the Bombay indigenous schools the fees are one anna (three halfpence) monthly, but this trifling sum was irregularly paid. It has been found that wheu more fees were paid the schools were more flourishing. The Board of Education at Bombay has accordingly ordered that the fee in the vernacular department of the E!phin- stone institution shall be, after January 1843, two annas, or 3d per month, for each pupil.

Independently of these payments, which, though small, show a desire for instruction, it is pleasant to learn that many of the opulent natives have willingly contributed their aid to pro-

mote the Government plans. The college of Hadjee Mahomed Mohsin, at Hooghly, was founded by a benevolent Mahomedan. It is open to every sect or creed, and Hindvos prevail in it more than Christians or Mahomedans. It possesses property to the amount of 78,740/. In 1840-41, the Rajah of Burdwan, gave 25,000 rupees for the general purposes of education; Raja Bijai Govind Sing gave 20,000 for the same object; Dwarkanath Tagore gave 2,000 for prizes in the medical college, and Rus- tumjee Cowajee also gave a sum for prizes. Bapoo Rama Lochun Ghoze gave 1,000 rupees to Dacca college, the interest of which is to be given in prizes. We have already mentioned the Elphinstone institution, at Bombay, as founded by voluntary subscription, and to that, in 1842, a Mabratta gentleman presented 1,000 rupees, the interest of which is to be given annually as a prize to the scholar who has attained the greatest proficiency in the Mahratta language. It was adjudged in that year to a Jad who wrote an essay on procrastination, in imitation of Miss Edgworth’s tale, entitled “ To-morrow.”

The effects of this teaching on the natives may be exemplified by the history of some of the scholars. Of 156 pupils of the Elphinstone Institution, all provided with situations, one was tutor to the Rajah of Kolapore, and three were assistants in the Magnetic Observatory. Some of these pupils were the sons of the Jaghirdars, or Chiefs of the Deccan. At the Sanscrit College the professor of anatomy is a native, and so is the professor of medicine. In every department the desire of the Board of Directors seems now in some measure fulfilled, and it has at its command “a body of natives qualified to take a high station im the educational and administrative institutions of their couutry.”

Something might perhaps be said less favourable of the quality than of the quantity of education thus provided. If it be a great recommendation to find that some of the class books translated for the use of the native schools, are “Introduction to Natural Philosophy,” “ Euclid’s Elements of Geometry,” “Elements of Political Economy,” “ Principles of Legislation,” “ Principles of Government,” &c.; if it be impossible to speak too favourably of the plan of instructing the people, by means of their own language, in the knowledge of Europe, if the intentions of Govern- ment have been uniformly good, we cannot say they have always been worthily carried out. Colonel Sykes supplies us with some examples of the subjects on which the pupils were examined, and while we agree with him, that the intellectual power manifested by the senior scholars is wonderful, we regret

| that any part of that should be wasted in solving such problems | as what is the meaning of “ out-watch the bear,” “ unsphere the

“ spirit of Plato,” and other figurative phrases of the poets. We refer to these merely as specimens. But in fact no little of the time devoted to education in India, as in Europe, is wasted bya laborious attempt to inculcate knowledge with which there is no longer an affinity in the mind, and which, though useless, is saved by such exertions from becoming nearly or entirely obsolete. Such instruction is perhaps suitable to literary men, to gramma- rians, to those whose business it is to attend to the niceties of stvle, but not to the mass of mankind, and it would seem in India, as iu Europe, as if the literary class, in organising schemes of education, had thought only of their own pursuits. They have at least acted on the principle that what promotes their success must be equally beneficial to the bulk of mankind, and have accordingly confined teaching to the few arts which serve their purposes. We have thought a more useful lesson might eb learned from Colonel Sykes’ excellent pamphlet than the

|inere statistical knowledge of the educational establishments of India. They do honour to the India Company. They make conquest, which has ever hitherto been a curse, an almost unexampled blessing ; but, framed on our principles of

and applying them to the Hindoos, they also | teach us that our own methods very much require reform. As they come reflected back from Hindostan, the exaggerated distortion at once convinces us of some great original error, It is

| not for us now to discuss that important question; we content ourselves by indicating the principle. All our schooling has been organised by a class, and is for the teaching of arts peculiarly useful only to that class. The thousand bread winning arts of life, to practise which is the first duty of man, are equally untaught in our schools, and in the new colleges and schools of India. Here and there alike the old nothing-like-leather principle seems

sively and even magnificently applied by the literary classes to the multifarious and complicated business of education for all.

THE ECONOMIST. 1251

DEATH OF SIR JOHN WILLIAMS—APPOINTMENT OF HIS SUCCESSOR.

Since our last publication Sir Jouw Writiams has died sud- denly at his seat in Suffolk, and it falls to the lot of a Whig Government to appoint a successor to a Whig judge. It were no difficult matter to find as competent a lawyer as the deceased judge—though in this respect he was underrated, both by the profession and the public—but a more accomplished scholar or a more perfect gentleman than Sir Jonn Witt1ams was cannot be found in the ranks of the profession. It seems on all hands to be admitted that the Arrorney-Genexat declines the vacant office. The Morning Herald of yesterday states that in the present state of the profession the learned gentleman may look for some years to make a larger income than he would receive, and there is also the chance of something better than a puisne judgeship falling vacant during the Whig incum- bency. In a profession in which in twelve months death has so thinned the foremost ranks, there is always hope for the living. Within less than the last fifteen months, some very eminent lawyers have departed from amongst us. There was Fottetr, the glory and hope of the professson—Vavucnan Ricnarps, one of the ablest mercantile lawyers in England— Joun Wiriiam SmitH, a man who understood law as a science better than any one of his contemporaries—Bore cer, a finished | scholar and a considerable lawyer—Wakerietp, an able and experienced practitioner—Weruerett, a man of various attain- ments, and considerable both as a lawyer and as an advocate —Trypat, the most learned judge on the bench, and Writiams, the most accomplished and elegant classical scholar in the profession. All these men are gone, and the void which their deaths has created will be speedily filled by others. As a matter of course, the vacant place of Sir Joun Wituiams has been offered to the Soticrror-Generat, and he is understood to have accepted it on Wednesday. Many gentlemen are named for the vacant office of Soriciror-Generat. The Morning Herald speaks of Sergeant Tatrourp, Mr M. D. Hm, and Mr Bices Avn- prews. ‘These gentlemen are all Whigs, and entitled to look for the appointment, but there are also several other names mentioned. Mr Samvuet Martin is an excellent lawyer and a strong Whig, so we believe is Mr Knowzes, not to speak of Mr W.H. Warson and Mr Romrtty, both of whom have seats in Parliament.

It is understood that Lord Correnuam is desirous of appoint- ing some gentleman from the equity bar, as Solicitor-General, though the public and the profession would more gladly see. a common lawyer appointed. If the course of selecting an equity lawyer be taken, the most eminent man in that branch of the profession is Mr Georce Turner. The name of Romitiy was certainly great in the past generation, but in the present day we desire to find in a public officer one who has made a name for himself.

THE SPANISH MARRIAGE. Tue question of the Spanish Marriage continues to furnish food for all the daily and all the weekly papers. The unanimity on the point is wonderful, and is rendered almost miraculous, by the adhe- sion of the Morning Post, which came out on Thursday in a strong article on the subject—so that now all the daily and evening journals, with one exception, have, to use a Spanish phrase much in vogue, pronounced. The single exception is the Standard, which has favoured the public with a series of wild, extravagant, driftless articles on the subject, written in a spirit at once vehement and vulgar. The Standard is always in extremes, and in its best days never possessed the slightest judgment or tact. Its idol of one year was sure to be its demon of the next. Thus the Judas of 1829 was the ‘‘heaven-born statesman” of 1835, and is now the knave and traitor of 1845, There is no paper in England more prompt than this to deal in offensive imputations. ‘Thus all the journals which oppose this MonTPENsIER marriage are Stock Exchange journals, aud write with a view to operations on the Exchange. Nothing is more easy or more vulgar than to deal in imputations of this kind. This is the species of warfare carried on by the gentle spirits of Concilia- tion Hall, and was the staple commodity of the old Orange Corpora- tion of Dublin, but it is a species of controversy new in newspaper discussion in England. Nothing, however, can be more preposterous than the charge. What Stock Exchange object can the Times or the Chronicle have to gain in opposing the marriage? If the proprietors of either paper be holders of Spanish stock, in opposing the marriage, they lessen the value of the stock in the market, instead of increasing it, and so, to use a proverbial and homely phrase, “bite their noses and spoil their faces.” The idea is however an absurd one, and never could enter the head of any mau who knew the least of the active world in which men live, or who mixed in the smallest degree among his fellows. Sorry should we be to retaliate on this writer in the ribald and ungentlemanly spirit in which he delights; but as he evidently knows not what is passing in the busy haunts of men, we may as well intimate to him that men on the Rialto loudly proclaim that there is an evening paper, and it is said, a morning paper too, organs of Louts Purtirre and M. Guizor. The evening paper is the Standard, and the morning paper is the Morning Herald. Not a fortnight ago an indignant letter appeared in the Morning Chroni- cle, on the anti-English and pro-Gallic tendencies of the Herald. Since that period, an article has appeared in the incriminated jouroal deprecatory of the Spanish marriage ; but though a week has since

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1252

elapsed, and the topic is the staple one of all the jouruals, it is extra. ordinary that the Herald has ever since held its peace on a subject

| engaging the attention of all public men. How is this? Were we to | deal with the subject in the fashion of the Standard, wo should at | once impute corrupt motives, and the public certainly are not slow to | say that both journals are sold to France; but we entertain no opi- | nion of the kind. That influence, however, and powerful influence, too, must be used to infuse so Gallic a tone into any English journals, we firmly believe. But they who exert such influence, will be disappointed in their ends and aims, for there will be a terrible recoil,

| and the public will in the end turn with loathing from public instruc- tors who mislead, to men who advocate national and British, and not Gallic, views. We are as sensible as any men breathing, of the necessity and advantage of an alliance, commercial and otherwise,

| with France ; but such an alliance may be maintained, and held, too, without pandering to the cupidity or the avarice of a man so grasping and selfish that he forgets the interests of the nation committed to his charge, and would imperil its peace in seeking to provide for a member of his own family. Sivce our last publication, not only has the Count of MonTemMoLiIN escaped from France, but has with CaBrera arrived in England. Whether he will try his chanc.s in Catalonia or the Basque provinces, remains to be proved. It is a great mis- take to suppose that the Carlist party in Spain is either feeble or uninfluential. It is very numerous, but has been hitherto undemonstrative. It is also rich and powerful in social position ; but it has not of late been active, and is not in consequence for- midable. But if it saw cause for hope it would become daring and dangerous; and if anything can excite, it will be hatred of the Afrancesados, or French party. Spaniards forgive much and forget much, but there is one feeling that rages uncontrolled in their bosoms, and which may be said to be immortal, and that is, hatred, amounting to loathing, of every thing French. MonTeso in, therefore, if well managed, and in good hands, may play a con- spicuous part; but not, we think, in the are weary of bootless insurrections. But the great card is in the hands of Don Enrique. Already has he energetically protested. He appeals to the 47th clause in the Spanish constitution, and takes his stand on the ‘Treaty of Utrecht. These are. inexpugnable grounds, and if he be firm and prudent the victory is his own. His protest, however, is invaluable on another ground. It lays bare, in all their hideous nudiiy, the machinations, the wiles, and the utter faithlessness of Louis Philippe. Notwithstanding ali his protestations to our beloved and believing Queen at Eu; notwithstanding all his solemn engagements to Lord AnerpEEN, whom he befooled and circumvented, this crafty, unprincipled old man was intriguing at right and at left, whilst he was all apparent sincerity and full of protestations to us, to secure the Infanta for his own son, and to establish French ascendaxcy beyond the Pyrenees. But we repeat he will fail in his object, and we shall, in the end, see this “ vice of kings,” this royal engineer, who has mined and coun- termined, hoisted by his own petard. The Chronicle and Times fer- vently appeal to Narvaez. What ignorant simplicity! As well might the lamb appeal to the woif. Narvaez is corps et ame at the disposition of Louis Philippe, and that implacable and remorse- less man cares not one rush for country or nationality, provided his own sordid and selfish views be accomplished.

| The Spanish nation is noble and heart-whole, and execrates fo- | reign influence. To that nation an appeal will not be made in vain.

Where is Espartero during these discussions? His name was formerly a tower of strength, and has not yet lost its magical influence.

The Epogue says he has formed a league, offensive and defensive, with CaBrera; but the Lpegue says more in a day then it would stand to in a month.

Jasque provinces, which

PROGRESS OF FREE TRADE ON THE CONTINENT.

Tue cause of free trade is everywhere progressing, the Free Trade Association of Marseilles has met for the first time on the 17th instant.

Mr Lazare Luce kept the chair, and delivered a long speech in which he said that the interests of Marseilles and of the whole of the south of France had been sacrificed to the prohibitionists of the northern departments, because the free traders had remained separated whilst their opponents had always joined their endeavours, in order to maintain the restrictive duties. The government, said Mr Luce, was obliged to yield to the powerful coalition of the northern interests. I

was one of the deligates sent by Marseilles to Paris in order to make

remonstrances against the baneful legislation. Ihave been struck by

a fact which I beg leave tomention. We were received by one of the

Ministers who did not hesitate to say :— Your opponents, gentlemen, are more numerous than you.” ‘This answer was very signifi-

cant, and proved that they were obliged to count the numbers, instead of weighing the value of arguments.

Since the meeting a subscription has been opened, and has already produced 680/.

All the Marseilles newspapers are favourable to free trade. The Gazette du Midi alone, will not admit that principle with all its consequences, because it isa legitimist paper, which is hesitating between the local influence and the general principle of the absolutist party.

In Paris, those papers which were hesitating begin by little and little to espouse the cause of liberty. The Epoque has at leagth openly declared for the free traders.

In Belgium the Free Trade Association is already organised under M. de Brouckere’s patronage, and they have published a sort of mani- festo signed by all the members of the provisional board. This society

| declares that they will immediately take measures to set free the trade of the nutritive commodities.

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[ Sept. 26,

Agriculture.

THE WANING ASSOCIATIONS.

Ir is no new opinion that the local agricultural associations which | have sprung up throughout the country during the last eight or ten years could never survive the settlement of the Corn Law question. Phere was no reality in them. They had no hold upon the farmers. || Even during the most exciting periods of the Anti-Corn law agitation, though many of the farmers attended the dinners to hear the squires abuse Mr Cobden, and tell how the League was dead or about to die, the number of those who gave the associations any active support, by sending their stock, was very limited. Their instinct, if not their observation, told them that the whole affair wasasham. Now these associations have been got up by the gentry, and their object in promoting them was two-fold. First, to keep up the influence of the local politicians with the farmers, and to direct that influence towards the maintenance of the protective system. This furnished the motive—was the real power for the convulsive efforts by which these associations were kept together. And really for a time, to those who had not some practical acquaintance with the interior of affairs in the rural districts, there did appear in these meetings some evidence of agricultural activity. The great landholders who came to “ meet the League with its own weapons,” and to counter-work their own leader, Sir Robert Peel, as well as the little squires who came stricken by a panic, at they knew not what, were obliged to “ get up” some of the rural learning which is quietly being insinuated into the agricultural mind. Then what with gentleman’s stock, and the stock of the farmers who combined the functions of stewards and land agents witb | the business of farmers, and of a few farmers personally stimulated by | contact with the excited gentry, the shows often became large iu point of quantity, and not contemptible in the quality of the stock | exhibited. |

We read of triumphant references to the constant and rapid improvement in each successive exhibition, with glowing eulozies on the associations as the means of rural salvation and the evidence of progress in husbandry ; and then came the question “ is all this agricultural enterprise and prosperity to be ruined for advancing the selfish interests of manufacturers and the ‘cold-blooded theories’ of political economists ?”’ Then followed a highty wrought fancy picture of the ruinous consequences to farmers of free trade incorn. Such has been the common form of the speeches of the great men at agricultural societies during the last few years. Where are now the exciting eulogies and the excited predictions ? Echo answers where ? But there was a second motive, though a subordinate one, which induced the gentry to promote these associations. Many of them, despite of their prejudices, suspected how the free trade agitation must end, and without waiving any of their apprehensions, thought it would be just as well to stir up the farmers to improved husbandry ; and they imagined it could be done by such artificial means as 3/, 4/, and 5/ prizes for cattle, sheep, pigs, and ploughing. ‘They said, or thought, “ the High- || land Society has succeeded and has advanced the agriculture of Scotland, the Yorkshire Society is flourishing and furnishes splen- | did shows of cattle, the Royal Agricultural meetings form remarkable public holidays, why should not the ‘ West Firle,’ or the ‘ West Grin- stead, or the ‘Capel,’ Agricultural Associations stir up the sluggish energies of the farmers in their respective districts ?”

Iu a certain sense the idea was not a bad one, but the gentry | did not, perhaps could not, set about the matter in the right way; || besides there were serious practical obstacles to be removed be- | | fore the farmers could be brought to enter heartily into societies for the improvement of husbandry, and the removal of those obstacles | | would have rendered such societies unnecessary.

tectionists were the least earnest improvers, and that the section of the gentry whoseriously thought any permanent effects upon agricul- | ture were to be produced by these meetings, formed only a minority of the promoters. And this minority was often not a little disap- | pointed to find that their amateur lectures and experiments were re- | ceived by the farmers with civil incredulity or coo! indifference.

Now, what was expected to happen has happened. ‘The Corn law question has been settled, and the local agricultural societies have shrunk iuto their natural dimensions. ‘The real supporters of them, | the Protectionist politicians, have deserted them. ‘Their purpose has, | failed, and the value of the associations, in their eyes, is about equal to that of a bribed elector after the time for petitioning against a | return has expired. ‘The shadows of the associations are at present kept up by the section of the gentry who thought them the means of permanent improvement. them will remain another year.

The only cause which can keep the present local associations alive, will be that some one magnate, in some one district of a county, | may be able to nurse his own peculiar association into a lingering | vitality, which will induce otber magnates in other districts of the | county to try todo the same. In this form they become little more | than local political clubs. We do not say that genuine farmers’ c!ubs | may not arise, and we should be glad to see them prevail upon a | sound and rational footing. They will no‘, however, originate with the gentry, because the questions they must for some time entertain | will not be altogether pleasing to the prejudices of the landowners. — |

The strict accuracy of these views is fully proved by the reported meetings of several of the local agricultural associations in Sussex ; a county in which these societies were as much as anywhere turned to Protectionist purposes. For instance, at the Arundel and Bramber Agricultural Association, the Duke of Norfolk, who had once been a vehement Protectionist, was too much indisposed to attend, and || sent his son, Lord Edward Howard, to support Sir Charles Burrell, who may be deemed one of the most implicit believers in the powe: of such associations to stimulate improvement. ‘There was a ploughing match, but no “lean stock show ;”’ and “ the attendance at the

An analysis of |' the composition of these societies will show that the most ardent Pro- |,

We doubt very much whether many of ||

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1846.] ploughing match and the dinner was exceedingly scanty.” There waS nothing noticeable till we come to the following indication in Lord Edward Howard's speech, that Sir Charles Burrell’s “ example farmivg” found small acceptance or imitation amongst the farmers. He said, in proposing the health of Sir Charles—

“ There are few men—certainly none in this neighbourhood —who have more earnestly applied their time and money in endeavouring to introduce into this county all the different means of cultivating and improving land, as far as the

ingenuity of man has yet gone in devising such means, than my honourable friend, Sir Charles Burrell. Gentlemen, it is quite true—and I need take no trouble to convince you of the fact—that Sir Charles has, in his endeavours to improve the cultivation of the land in our neighbourhood, had to labour under the disadvantages that every person has to labour under who strives to introduce improve

ments, no matter of what kind, or how to be applied. We are not all equally open

to conviction of the good that is promised. We have our little longings after that which we have long been accustomed to, and we are all too prone to believe

that the means and customs we have so long been accustomed to, cannot be improved. These observations particularly apply to agricultural pursuits, and I am led to express my opinion, that there can be no doubt that considerable prejudice has existed, with reqard to such improvements, which my Worthy friend has had to contend with, but at the same time let me add that there is equally no doubt that those who disputed the propriety of what my friend contended for, have discovered their error, and have, for a very considerable time, derived a benefit

from that which they previously condemned.”

Has Sir Charles ever tried the simple plan of giving to tenants of | adequate capital long and rational leases, and left them to work out their own interests iu their own way ? Lord Edward then referred to Sir Charles's effurts to introduce flox culture, and the box-feeding of cattle on linseed, and also draining, and concluded thus :—

“ T trust you will not consider that I have been reading you a lecture on these | subjects, because it is what I am quite incapable of, but still one thing is obvious,

and must have struck you. However we may progress, we are stil capable of improvement, I believe there is a great deal of excelleut farming in Sussex, but I believe also that there is stil! greet room for improvement, and that it behoves the Jarmers of the county to follow the examples which are held up to them, examples

which can do no harm and may do much good— examples, the observance of which will confer great practical benetlits.”

Now, although this is true enough in a general way, it is not practical enough, or close enough to the question to have any real effect. Sir Charles himself gave some really pratical hints, though he talked of adhering to a system of shallow draining, This is not the way to lead on the farmers; when they are induced to follow landholders’ suggestions of improvement, the men who offer sound advice will alone be followed. ‘lhe mau who adheres to shallow draining, stamps himself as no fit agricultural leader. Sir Harry Goring referred to the difficulty of keeping the association alive, saying :—

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“While on the subject of agricultural associ:tions, he would take the oppor-

| tunity of bearing testimony to the exertions used by the Duke of Norfolk to keep the present association together, because it was to him, and to him alone,

they were indebted for being that day enabled to meet, to award the prizes which tin Juul 607 ch pleasure in giving. From what had previously occurred in con- nec‘ion with the society, he (Sir H. Goring) fcit that it was so much dissevered that he could no longer belong to it, if it were deprived of the valuable assist-

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| obj ‘ets with which landlords kept up protection !

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| it was one reason why the attendance that day was so small. | ment

| landlords they declined doing so.

ance of that nobleman. fe therefore placed his subscription in the hands of his Grace, with the understanding that if his Grace returned to the society, he, (Sir H. Goring) would do so too. His Grace fel’ the importance of these associations; he knew how advantageous it would be to bring the landlord and farmer together, that they might feel the dependence they had upon each other, and so be consented to return. The interests of the landlord and the farmer were now than ever identical, and ifthey enjoyed prosperity, it must hene forth be

” mutual

What a confession is contained in the last sentence of this class of

Mr Walter Burrell fairly stated the shows, if kept up, must be so done at the expense of the gentry. Ile said :—

“With the permission of the chairman, he would take the liberty of saying a few words with respect to the falling off of the lean stock show. He thought

No encourage- by tl these lean stock shows; if

there was, they would see the farmers more ready to come forward, and compete

with one another. If they desired, therefore, to keep up a lean stock show in that or any other division of the county, the gentlemen of the county must put their hands into their pockets.”

was given gentlemen of the county to

On which Sir H. Goring said—

Those who he la

with each other, but he was as-

sured that where they were called upon to compete with farmers under different le knew this to be the case, but he could

“ Tle believed the furmers would not compete with one another. Jarms of one landlord did not object to compete

, not .” account Jor it,

Now farmers do compete with one another, and that in the most effectual way, at the fair and the market, the salesman, the jobber, and the butcher, being most unexceptionable judges, ‘The farmers holding under one landlord will naturally show their cattle to

| please the squire, if that be his hobby.

At the Weald of Sussex Association, in the same county, at which Mr Denison, M.P., was the only great man present, similar evi-

| dences of decrepitude appeared. Mr Weller, one of the committee, in returning thanks, gave this graphic account of the difficulty of collecting subscriptions for their society from farmers :—

“Tle could assure them that the commiittee were still ready, as they had always been, to lend their best aid and services to the association, although

they did consider their exertions had not been backed up and supported as they thought they ought to have been. ‘Their meeting this year, he was happy to say, seemed something like a reviral, but he could tell them that the association had Jallen to such a low ebb, that there were three or four meetings of the committee before

they could decide whether they shou'd go on with their arrangements or retire, and

leave others to take it up or let the as-ociation fall altogether. They had however, determined to make the effort, they put their shoulders to the wheel, and he was glad to find that the event had turned out so very satisfactorily. He was certain that the committee would very gladly continue their labours, but they did expect—they had a right to expect—that they should be supported by the members of the And if ‘hat support was not rendered, he could only tell them that the association must fall to the ground. Not all the exertions of the committee could keep it in existence, without the concurrence

association.

THE ECONOMIST. 125

and co-operation of the members—and why such an admirable and excellent association should fall to the ground just for the want of some litle assistance he was at a loss to know.

The fact, however, was unquestionable, that farmers subscribed reluctantly.

“ One thing, he thought, had greatly contributed to their success this year over | last and other years, and that was, the collection of the subscriptions having | been made individually by the members of the committee instead of a regularly | appointed collector. He would now take the opportunity of expressing a wish to the gentlemen whom he might term the patrons of the association, and he trusted | they would forgive him if he were too presumptuous. He earnestly hoped that | some of them would attend at the meeting which the committee would hold in about | six weeks’ time for the transaction of their business. They would then be enabled

to form some little idea of the difficulties with which they were met in their latours for the association. He had given it as his opinion that the subscriptions were the more easily collected by the committee, bud even they had trouble in getting them. He (Mr Weller) had waited on some of the members, and he could compare it to nothing else than like drawing blood out of their veins—absolute/y like drawing blood out of their veins —(laughter) —and he was really sick of it—disgusted at it. All sorts of excuses were made; one thouyht that the gentlemen farmers, though they exhibited, should not take the prizes for the lean stock. but leave them to the tenant farmers, while another complains about something else. These

were some of the obstacles with which the committee had to contend and oppose.”

Now, this fully proves that the farmers deem these things, at best, the playthings of the gentry. Cattle shows, to be successful, or inde d useful, should embrace a very wide district.

CATTLE SHOW AND CATTLE SALES.

Uservut as we believe stock shows to be when on a large scale and embracing wide districts, furnished as they then will be from the stocks of first-rate breeders, we admit that nothing can be more absurd than the numerous little shows which have prevailed during the last few years. We have elsewhere referred to the causes of the sudden decline of the local agricultural associations, and we shail here contrast the indifference with which farmers regard catile shows with the activity of the cattle sales. At the West Firle Cattle Show in Sussex, the local reporter thus speaks of the show :—

“The usual spot in Firle Park was, as heretofore, appropriated to the show of stock. As regards horses, the exhibition was inferior both in quantity and quality compared with former years ; truleed it could hardly be entitled to be called a horse show. The show of stock was fortunately, of a far superior description, both as to number and character, and a/though thee was by no means the compe-

tition that one might either wish, or indeed expect, stil there were, in the various classes, animals of much merit.”

What was the amount of that competition the following remarks will show. The chairman, the Earl of Chichester, said—

“] for one feel very much obliged to Mr Rigden for sending some of his sheep here to be sold. I am glad that gentleman has obtained some of the premiums, but what we chiefly want is iiat breeders of our neighbourhood should

number of animals for exhibition, as well as sale, so as to induce

gentleman from a distance, interested in the breed of stock, to come here to see what we can produce, if not to purchase.”

Now, the best breeders make their own arrangements for exhibiting and disposing of their stock in a fur more business-like way than by mere societics’ exhibitions. ‘These are not regarded as meetings of business, as Mr Rigden, who had sent some sheep to be shown and sold, had found to his cost. Le said—

“It appeared, from the result of the sale, that he had bronght his sheep toa bad market—to a market where there were more sellers than layers; still he felt

gratified that the first sheep offered for sale was purchased by one of the first breeders in the country. He felt that he could not take to himself the allusion made as to the small number of sheep shown, he haviny sent six-and-twenty.”

And Mr HI. Ellman, one of the judges, said— “ The judges only regretted that there had not been a greater number of can-

didates, and, although from the way in which the sheep were exhibited, they could not

but know that a great number of them belonged to one person (Mr Rigden), they had

given their decisions impartially.”

Here, then, the competition was between different sheep of one farmer. Can anything be more ridiculous ? And Mr Day said— “ With respect to the present state of the association, he could not help observ-

ing that, although there was a large party present at the dinner, there were very few competitors in the field. Last year they had endeavoured to give the association an impetus, Dut he regretted to say they found the number of competitors did

not increase. There were a good many breeders who were tired of sending their cattle when there were no competitors ; and if, in that respect, they did not very much improve, it would become a serious question whether it would not be better to throw the smaller shows together, and have one good one to be held at Lewes, or some other convenient place. It was morally certain that they could not much longer go on, unless some improvements were effected.”

And Mr Fuller, one of the county members, said— “ All the agricultural meetings, he was sorry to say, were fast falling to the

ground ; there were very few cattle sent for competition, and, generally, farmers seemed indisposed tocompete. He thought, therefore, it would be po'itic

send a lar

to get up one good meeting, so as to induce breeders to come from all parts of the county. He recollected the time when one entire side of the exhibition ground at Firle was filled with cows, and the other with bulls, while an the present occasion the supply was most scanty.”

Mr Saxby, to whom a premium had been awarded for a cow exhibited, declined to take it because there had been no competition ; his animal was the only one of the class exhibited.

Yet at this very time, and in the same county in which a show could not be got up, sheep are selling an enormous prices. At the sale of Mr John Ellman, the well-known breeder of Sussex South- downs, the following great prices were realized :—

“ Ten ewes, one year old, purchased by Mr Ivens, for 4/ 10s each; do., to Mr Hill, 4/ 88 ; do., to Mr Udall, 3/ 18s; do., to J. V. Shelly, Esq., 3/ 168; do., do., $l 18s; do., do., 42; do., to Mr Sheridan, 3/ 188; do., do., 4/ 28; do., to Captain

Hart, 41 4s; do, to G. Courthorpe, Esq., 3118s. Ten aged ewes, to Mr Chrisp, 7/ 2s; do., to Mr Hill, 41 128; do.,to Mr Brine, 41; do., to Mr Ward, 4/7; do., to

Mr Bushbridger (for the Duke of Richmond), 4/ 48; do., toJ. V. Shelly, Esq.,

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1254 41 18s; do., do., 41 18s.; do., to Mr Bier, 3/ 18s; do., to Mr Hill, 41; do., to Mr Ivens, 31 10s.—Average 41 5s 2d per head.”

At a sale on the following day, at Landport— “ The yearling ewes fetched from 54s to Gls, 63s, and 67s per head; while

some of the two-year old ewes were bought by Mr Shelley as high as 75s and 76s each. The three years old brought, generally, from 48s to 51s; while two choice lots were knocked down to Mr Bryant at no less than 71s and 82s a-head. The “ aged ewes” varied in price from 36s to 508; Mr Rusbridger becoming the purchaser of two lots at 63s and 73s a-head. The ewe-lambs ranged from 34s down to 203; very few, however, going at less than 24s and 25s. The sale of rams was comparatively unimportant, the only animals fetching anything like a price, being a four-year old, bred by Mr Ellman, at Glynde, which was purchased by Mr R. Boys, of Eastbourne, at twenty guineas; and No. 5 also, a four-year old, bred by Mr W. Ridge, which was knocked down to Mr Madzewick at sixteen guineas and a ha'f.”

So, at the sale of a portion of the late Earl Spencer's herd of shorthorns, which he bequeathed to his bailiff, great prices were obtained. There were about 120 animals.

. “ The cows and heifers realised the sum of 3,727/ 10s, giving an average (in- dependent of two or three inferior calves) of 37/ 5s 6d. The bulls realised the sum of 1,556/ 2s, presenting an average of 74/ 2s. The total amount of the sale was 5,2831 12s.”

The highest price was paid by farmers for a bull calf, 13 months old :—

“For the bu!l, Exquisite, calved on the 7th of August, 1845, and was consequently only thirteen months old, there was the most spirited and determined contest we ever witnessed, principally between the Messrs Booth, in company with Mr Torr, of Riby, and Count St Marie for the King of the French, which ultimately terminated in favour of the former, at the unprecedented sum of 370 guineas.”

A few more miscellaneous sales will complete the contrast :— SALE oF CarT Horses.—At the sale of the late Mr Hayward’s farming stock,

at Ringshall Hall, by Mr R. Garrod, the first team of four horse (bays) realised 1661 19s, and the horses and colts, altogether 16 in number, averaged 30/ each.

—Ipswich Express.

At Woodcote Farm, near Croydon, 2,000 sheep were sold at an average of 36s per head, lambs at 24s, and the condition of some of them was low :—

Mr GoopMaN’s SouTHDowns.- -On Thursday, the 3rd instant, Mr Samuel Don- kin offered about 120 of the celebrated Chevington southdowns to public competition. The auction commenced with the most spirited bidding, evincing a growing anxiety to test the merits of a breed of sheep which is now attracting very general attention amongst the farmers of the north. Be it remembered, while looking at the subjoined averages, that the stock sold was taken from the general flock, and had received no extra indulgence. Average price: tups, let for the season, 51; tup lambs, sold 4/ 2s 6d; ewe lambs, sold 1/ 178 3d; ewes, aged, sold 27 15s 8d: gimmers, sold 3/ 2s 8d.— Berwick Warder.

So at Uggaton, in Devonshire, at Mr Dommett’s sale :— “ Breeding ewe lambs fetched in some instances from 40s to 42s a piece ; and

the average price of lambs was 35s apiece. So also that sheep averaged about 45s a piece ; and the bullocks 16/ a piece ; indeed everything sold well.

And similar accounts are given of the brisk trade in stock at all the fairs. Take the following as specimens :— MELTON Lams Fair.—From 15,000 to 20,000 lambs and sheep were

penned, the greater part shearlings. Some of the stock exhibited exchanged hands three times, fetching prices equal to any fair held in the county. Lean stock, but few on the stands ; a clearance was made of nearly everything on offer. The fair was more numerously attended than usual.

Again, in Suffolk— HaRLEsTON.—There was a full supply of stock at our lamb fair, and the

company was also large. Business was brisk, at 15 to 20 per cent higher prices than last year, and the ground was pretty well cleared.

So in Gloucestershire— At CIRENCESTER Fair there was a very short supply of stock, with a brisk

demand, and a most extraordinary advance in price, and the same may be said of Frampton Fair.

Again in the North, at Newcastle— “In the beast market there was an improved demand for all sorts; prices

had an upward tendency, and a good clearance was effected. A good demand

for both sheep and lambe, prices looking up and nearly all sold. In the pig market there was a good business doing, and store pigs were selling at high prices. There was a lot of tups shown for breeding purposes, which brought from 5/ to 7/ per head. There was a large attendance of buyers, and several lots were bought for Smithfield, Manchester, and other southern markets.”

Can anything prove more plainly the little regard paid by farmers to cattle shows than that, while the great activity prevails in the market for all kinds of stock, the prize exhibitions cannot be kept up.

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A TIMELY CORRECTION. At the Capel meeting of the Weald of Sussex Association, to which we have before referred, Mr Denison, member for West Surrey, adverted to the Corn law question, and said he thought Sir Robert Peel and Lord John Russell had “placed themselves under the direction of Mr Cobden,” whereat the farmers laughed. He then grew serious and prophetic, saying :—

“In removing all protection from the British farmer, he thought Govern- ment did not sufficiently regard the burdens upon the land which were paid by the farmer. There were the poor rares, tithes, and other taxes, which fell upon him, and from all of which personal property was exempt ; and it was a full consideration of this circumstance which induced him to differ with his old friends, and which made him fear that ruin to the farmer would result by his being placed in competition with the foreigner. It lad however, pleased Providence to give them a good and bovntiful harvest, and he did

\ trust that those forebodings which he had felt and still did feel of the danger impending over the British farmer would be averted, and that he would be enabled to hold his head above water, and not sink under the burdens

| imposedupon him. It was not only in the subject of taxes that the British farmer was placed at a disadvantage against the foreign farmer; tle British farmer paid his labourer well, and yet he was called upon to compete with the foreigner, who paid but sixpence a day.”

| Possibly, but the British farmer gets more value for his money from | the superiority of British labour. This is a fact which has been | again and again demonstrated. ' '

THE ECONOMIST. [Sept. 26, Mr Denison’s remarks did not, however, go uncorrected, for M™

James said :— “ He had been asked last year to attend and take part ina meeting of a

similar character to that in the western part of that county. He declined to do so, because the question to which he had just referred was not settled but was in astate of agitation. That question having been set at rest —having become the law of the land—he had no hesitation in saying he believed that it would provea benefit to agriculture itself. Instead of the gloomy forebodings of those who apprehended the destruction of the farmer being realised, he little doubted if the landlord, farmer, and labourer were bound together in their respective positions and duties, they would be en- goes to defy any amouut of competition that could be brought against them.”

And he pointed out that there must be more of mutuality in the relations of landlords and tenants than heretofore :—

“ The farmers were entitled to great considerations from the landlords and aristocracy. (Hear, hear.) Let them encourage them in every scheme to improve the land ; let them be content with a moderate amount of rent ; let them bear in common with the farmers those expenses that are called the burdens of the land—that is, let them share inthe local taxation, and— (hear, hear)—he (Mr James) would venture to say the forebodings of the ruin of British agriculture would soon be recognised as idle and useless. Indeed, it was a libel on the British farmer to suppcse that le had not the spirit of energy and enterprise sufficient to compete with the forcigner. (Hear, hear.) Never was there a grosser libel on any class of men to say our farmers are less spirited and able than the foreign farmers in their pursuits. (CHexrs.) Let them have the same facilities for carrying on their occupation as are afforded to the manufacturer—cive them the same certainty of tenure—(hear)—allow them the same privilege of borrowing capital (for all are pressed at times) at the same rate of intcrest—namely, 4 per cent, and they will be able to produce corn as cheap as the foreigner, as well as suppoit the labourers with even a better rate of wages.”

With respect to prizes to labourers, he said :— “The well-being of the agricultural interest is bound together in the union

| of landlord, farmer, and labourer, and it was only by the means he had | pointed out that such an abundance of employment would be found for the

latter as would make him happy and contented. Aud he would have them } | bear in mind, that though rewards were good and praiseworthy, high and

(Hear, hear.)

This is in the right spirit; and the farmers showed their apprecia- tion of such manly sentiments by the heartiness of their applause.

Afterwards, Mr Kerrich, who had taken the chair on the departure of Mr Denison, from illness, said :—

* As Mr Denison had left the chair, he (Mr Kerrich) ought not perhaps to refer to what he said, but he must be permitted to say, that he could not

| agree with him in his remarks about the foreigner underselling the British farmer. Why, at that time, he was actually selling cheaper than the conti-

nental farmer, for they were shiping wheat at Liverpool for exportation.”

It is plain that the farmers have now pretty well ascertained the absurdity of the tales of foreign competition by which they were once deluded.

| regular wages were better.”

Court and Arvistocracy.

THE QuEeEN.—Her Majesty and Prince Albert, accompanied by the royal family arrived at Windsor Castle on Tuesday at half-past one o’clock, escorted by a party of Life Guards, under the command of Lieut. George H. Cavendish, from Osborne-house, Isle of Wight. The royal party occupied five carriages and four. H.R.H,. the Duchess of Kent came to the castle from her residence, Frogmore-house, to pay a visit to her Majesty and her royal consort. Her Ma- jesty the Queen Dowager and H.R.H. the Princess of Prussia arrived in the afternoon, from Cashiobnry-park, Herts, on a visit to the Queen. The Queen, Prince Albert, the Princess of Prussia, the Lady in Waiting on the Queen, the Coun- tess Haack, and Lord Robert Grosvenor, went on Thursday to St George’s Chapel. Her Majesty walked there, and the royal party returned to the castle in pony carriages. Her Majesty gave a grand banquet on Friday tothe following illustrious party :—The Queen Dowager, H.R.H. the Princess of Prussia, their royal high- nesses the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, H.R.H. the Hereditary Grand Duchess of Mecklenburgh Strelitz, his Excellency the Chevalier and Madame Bunsen, the

Duke of Weliington, the Lady in Waiting to the Queen Dowager, the Countess Haack, the Lady in Waiting to the Duchess of Cambridge, Viscount and Vis- countess Palmerston, the Earl of Clarendon, the Earl of Denbigh, the Countess of Westmoreland, the Earl of Liverpool, Viscount Clifden, Lord Edward Howard,

Lord Robert Grosvenor, Mr George Edward and the hon. Mrs Anson, Count

Puckler, Count Witzleben, Major-General Wemyss, Colonel Wylde and Colonel Colville.

Our readers will remember that not long since the intention of the King of the

French to visit Queen Victoria during the present autumn was announced in the

London as well as the Parisian journals. We, at the time, made inquiries into the subject, and found that such was the declared intention of Louis Phil- lippe. We have now, however, to state that no such visit is to take place; the idea is altogether abandoned. We speculate not on the causes of this departure from previous arrangements—we state only the fact, leaving it to others to estimate its significancy at this particular juncture. We are indebted to a Paris

correspondent of high rank for the first intimation of this change of purpose on the part of the King of the French.— Observer.

Her Majesty the Queen Dowager has caused to be issued cards for a grand entertainment to her Royal Highness the Princess of Prussia, on the 30th

instant, at Marlborough house, the Princess having appointed the following day for her departure for Berlin.

H.R.H. the Princess of Prussia left Marlborough house at eight o’clock on Tuesday morning, for Cashiobury park, Herts, the residence of her Majesty the Queen Dowager.

Her Majesty the Queen Dowager, and her Royal Highness the Princess of Prussia paid a visit to her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent at Frogmore house on Wednesday morning.

Her Royal Wighness the Princess of Prussia will return to Marlborough house, and, according to arrangements at present contemplated, will embark on board the “ Black Eagle,” at Woolwich, on the first of next month, for Rotterdam, on her return to Berlin.

The Earl of Munster and Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence received intelligence on Monday last of the death of Lady Augusta Bonde, at Stockhelm, on the 5th inst. Her ladyship’s accouchement happened on the 2nd, and her death re- sulted from her confinement. The deceased was second daughter of the lat

Earl and Countess of Munster, and grandaughter of his late Majesty William IV. Her ladyship was borne 3lst July, 1822, and was married last year to M. Bonde at Paris,

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1846. ] Count de Jarnac, French Charge d’'Affairs had an interview with Lord John

Russell on Saturday, at his official residence in Downing street.

METROPOLIS.

Case oF ForGcEeRY.—On Friday week,Captain Richardson, late chairman of the Tenbury, Worcester, and Lndlow railway company, who was apprehended on a charge of having altered the amount of a check from 10/ to 5,000/, was again placed at the bar of the justice room before the Lord Mayor. The clerk of the court read over the evidence of the various witnesses. They were all bound over to prosecute at the first criminal sessions, which sits on Monday next. The pri-

soner was then removed. OPENING OF THE CourT or Common PLEAS To BARRIsTERS.—Ilitherto no

council had the privilege of pleading at the bar of the Common Pleas except ser- jeants at law; but an act passed last session (9 and 10 Vict., c. 54) abolishes

this exclusive privilege, and next term juniors will have the right of “ audience.”

FUNERAL OF THE LATE JUSTICE WILLIAMS.—On Wednesday the mortal remains of this lamented judge were interred in the vault of the Temple Church. The coffin bore the following inscription :—* Sir John Williams, Knt., died Sep-

tember 14, 1846. Aged 69 years.

THE BILL AGAINST CAPTAIN RICHARDSON IGNORED BY THE GRAND JuURY.—

After the judges had left the Central Criminal Court on Wednesday, it was inti- mated that the grand jury had ignored the bill, charging Captain Richardson, on two counts, with forgery. The grand jury examined a great number of witnesses, and it was understood that they stated as their reason for ignoring the bill, that after looking at the whole of the evidence, the majority of them were of

It was surely not the intention of the

THE ECONOMIST. 1255

India by the exertions and perseverance of Lieutenant Waghorn, with a view of re commending his services to some fitting remuneration or ac knowledgment.” CREMORNE GaRDENS.—On Monday afternoon, Mr Charles Green made his

last ascent this season, in the “ Nassau Ballon.” ‘The unusually fine weather has not been allowed to pass unheeded; the public have been presented in rapid succession, with al fresco breakfasts, balloon ascents, bals champetres, &c. The announcement that an ascent would be the last made by Mr Green for some time, succeeded in attracting vast crowds to the gardens, which were at an early hour thronged to excess by a very respectable company, who ap- | peared highly delighted with the process of inflating the balloon, through the medium of the dry gas meter. At five o'clock, all the preparations having been concluded, Mr Green entered the car, and the balloon was allowed to ascend. The balloon was soon lost to the vinw of the gratified spectators assembled in the gardens. Mr Green was accompanied in his voyage by eight of his friends. The performance was in no way inferior to that of former occasions. Among the pieces given by the band were, overture, “ Masaniello,” introduction and waltz, “ Bohemian Girl;” fantasia, “ The Night Patrol ;” and for the first time the

“ Warsaw Polka.” The performances in the theatre consisted of Mr Cowell’s “Yankee Entertainment,” a favourite dance by Miss Parke’s, end the never- tiring evolutions of M. Corvi’s monkeys, dogs, and goats. After these varied entertainments dancing was commenced. The performances terminated about midnight with a grand display of fireworks.

The Solicitor-General, Mr Dundas, will be the new judge, in the room of the late Mr Justice Williams.

Pusiic Barns.—At a public mee!ing of the inhbitants of St Martin’s-in-the- Fields, held on Friday, it was resolved, on the motion of Mr Hall, chureh

warden, to establish public baths and wash houses in that parish. ” : TTLULAY ‘Us KING, 2 J opi ass: _ >» Fre

opinion that the words “ ten pounds had never been written on the cheque, and, aoe ‘ a ‘ Ri hi rane a Ame ra amb — . the tn ich court, . ae * * Asse £ 4 B ays 5s be. re eu Mis 3.

therefore, no forgery had been effected. They were, at the same time, satisfied nee ; oo p 7 — * ssa er —s = “ea Ay & ot ee penne that Captain Richardson had, by some means, obtained the signatures of his two a TROT OST AS LEREEEOMIAL TO AER. NVEPEN Me — Lee Wie tropolitan

| co-trustees to ablank check, and, as he was authorised by aresolution of the com- contribution to the national tribute to be presented to Mr Cobden now amounts : ee re eee ee eee ; ar 3,00 i e gri ittle 80,¢

pany to draw chécks, no fraud had been committed; entertaining, as the majo- to nearly 13,000/, making the grand total but little short of 80,0002.

rity of the body did, this view, they had no other course to adopt than to ignore MORTALITY IN THE MeTROPOLIS.—Number of deaths from all causes regis- the bill. tered in the week ending Saturday, Sept. 19, 1846 :—

Troops FOR TRELAND.—On Wednesday morning, at "a quarter past nine ppldemia, cadomia, and contagious diseases one ove one st

o'clock, the Royal Irish Fusileers left the Paddington terminus of the Great Dien a i = bial eee : ove tet Western railway, by special train, for Bristol, where they will embark for the Diseuses of the lungs, and other organs of respiration - On4 south of Ireland. The regiment occupied eight second-class carriages, one first- Diseases of the heart and blood vessels oe Pee ce class, besides three horse boxes, containing the baggage, and field officers’ Diseases of the stomach, liver, and other organs of digestion on: @

horses. The 7th Hussats, stationed at Hounslow, marched likewise for the Diseases of the kidneys, &e. ... eee eee on oe 13 | same destination Childbirth, diseases of the uterus, &c..,. une aaa si 9 1 ; . seases of the joi Ss, an uscles eee eee eee 12 East Inp1A House.—On Wednesday the quarterly general court of directors Camenetee z= ignte, Ses » and muscles 4 met to take into consideration the motion of which Mr George Thompson had Old age, or natural decay < ved ee 2 *@ given notice—namely, “ To call the attention of the proprietors to the conduct of Deaths by violence, privation, orintemperance .., ots a the court of directors, and prefer certain charges against that body in connexion Causes not specitied ave eee eis on sien 2 with the case of the deposed Raja of Sattara.”—Sir James Hogg, Bart, took the Renee all causes ee am gah ——863 hair.—-Mr G “ed thé » minutes of the proceedings of the last court ae " oo SE. 7, FOUSOR oq, SU chair.—Mr Gordon moved that the minutes o eT g 8 Births in the Week.—Males, 603; females, 632,—Total, 1,235. be printed for the use of the proprietors. Population Locrage Weakle Deaths directors that their proceedings should be held secret. The hon. member con- enumerated Deaths, 1841-2-3-4-5. ina tiee cluded by proposing his motion, which, not being seconded, fell to the ground. 1841. 5 Summers. 5 Years. Week.

The Conquest of Scinde.—Mr Sullivan proceeded to advert to the circumstances West Districtsscrrvereerreee 301,526 eee 132 ave 143 ove 120 of the seizure, for he could not dignify it by the name of conquest, of Scinde. Mr ee ] oe sees aoe tEe one ee ove + ove ~

. sdarahle le 2 ; » ie y »eage ¢ n " entrai istricts.. ee Of Tf 0% eee i2 eee 8 one 36 S. at considerable length went into the history of the case and concluded by on Gein ** 393/247 - one " ont - as

ae South DistrictS ..scccsesseses ee "Ge? oo ee! C= ee “ That, in the opinion of this court, the restoration of Scinde to the Ameers is a mea- ’ 2a inne sis a

sure called for by considerations of justice, of sound policy, and economy, and that the Total ......00. 1,915,104 898 967 863

court of directors be instructed to take such steps as they may. think expedient for the furtherance of this object.”

Colonel Dickinson seconded, and Captain Eastwood supported the motion.— Cap‘ain Shephard defended Colonel Outram, and defied any one to show a single instance in which that distinguished officer had not desired to avoid the shedding of blood. The chairman said that he trusted the object ofthe hon. proprietor had been gained by the statement which had been made before the court ; but it might be expected that he, as the organ of the court of directors, should shortly state what steps the court had taken in the matter of Scinde. The court of directors had written to the governor general in India, requesting him to investigate the subject, and to favour the conrt with his opinions upon the

policy which had been adopted towards the Ameers of that country. When that reply was received, the directors would not lose a moment in laying the communication before the proprietors. Perhaps the honourable proprietor would, under such ciremmstances, see the necessity of not pressing his motion to a division.—Mr Sullivan, on the assurance that the subject would have the earliest consideration from the court of directors, would withdraw his motion.

The Rajah of Sattara—Mr Thompson then brought forward his motion, to the effeet—

“That on a deliberate review of the manner in which the court of Directors have dealt at every suecessive stage with the case of the ex-Rajah of Sattara, it is the opinion of the Court of Proprietors that the Court of Directors have evineed to the ex-Rajah a contempt of every principle of justice ; while it has manifested to every person who was instrumental to the dethronement of his highness a partiality the most flagrant, extended to them protection the most culpable; that this conduct is calenlated to shake the confidence of the native princes of India in the honour and good faith of the british Government, while it has reflected the deepest disgrace upon the British name in all the nations of the civilised world, among whom the case of the ex-Rajah has become known.” Mr Thompson went on to say that the Court of Directors had thrown their shield over a guilty man—Colonel Ovans. All that was required was, that the Rajah should be heard in his own behalf. The dethronement of the Rajah was working an influence in France, in America, and elsewhere. He had most

anxiously sifted all the transactions connected with this subject, and believed him innocent, And why had he been outvoted heretofore? It was owing to patronage. Many proprietors would have come forward and voted for the resto-

| ration of the Rajah, but they were looking out for a cadetship, or some other | kind of patronage, and therefore they kept away. The hon. proprietor concluded by remarking, that all his charges were, from a full conviction of their truth, and also from documents in that house. Mr Peter Gordon seconded the resolution, and referred to the conduct of the directors of the company on the subject, and contended, that while the House List existed, the injury done to the Rajah would not be remedied. The French government were following the

steps of the Court of Directors. The transactions of the Court of Proprietors | were now translated into the Mahratta, as well as the French and other languages, and other countries would follow the example of the government of India, though, perhaps, on a small seale. In all quarters there was a burning indignation arising atthe dethronement of the Rajah. This might, in time, hurt the value of India stock. Would the directors like Lord Ellenborough, or Mr. Macaulay, and some others as colleagues? ‘There may be a new governing body favourable to the reinstatement of the Rajah. How, then, would the Court of Directors stand before the world by their decision being reversed? He felt happy at being there to second the metion. The motion, after some con- versation, was put and negatived by a very considerable majority, The chairman said he had received a latter from Mr David Salymons, giving notice of a motion to be submitted at the next court, as follows ;—

“ To call the attention of the Court of Proprietors to the advantages conferred on

PROVINCES.

SreamM Sip Great Brirain.—LiverProon, TuEspAY.—The steam ship “ Great Britain,” Captain Hoskin, sailed for New York, at 11 o'clock this fore- noon. She carries out no less than 155 passengers, the largest number that ever sailed for America by steam; she has also a large cargo of goods.

It is reported at St Albans, that Mr B. B. Cabbell is about to hold a preliminary meeting for the formation of a national Anti-Poor-law Provident Union. A gentleman favourable to the intended association has been staying for some days in St Alban’s, making the requisite arrangements for the meeting, and a public dinner afrerwards. Many distinguished members of parliament, without reference to polities, will be invited, including Lord Ashley, Mr Walter, Mr Wakley, Hon. W. F. Cowper, and others.

NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE.—By the accession of Lord Worsley to the peerage, from the death of the Earl of Yarborough, a vacancy is created in the representation of the northern division of the county ef Lincoln.

Tue KeYHAM STEAM Basin Devonrort.—At the ceremony of laying the first stone of the Keyham Steam basin, by Lord Auckland, his lordship, in his usual practical and happy way, gave the following account of the objects of the undertaking, and of the progress already made towards its completion :-—

“Tt had been well and wisely felt by the late Board of Admiralty that the application of steam to navigation had led to great changes in the system of naval warfare, and that though the resources of this country, in the preparation aud maintenance of steamers, are infinite, and its superiority in this arm is as well assured as it has always been found to be in every other arm of maritime contest ; yet, that a)l our preparations would be imperfect unless we had basins in which our steamers could be received for repair and equipment, and factories from which machinery could be supplied. The only establishment of this kind was at present to be found at Woolwich, the distance of which from the western shores up the channel, was a source of great inconvenience. To the liberality and wisdom of parliament, it is farther due that these works have been founded ; we are indebted to the skill of Capt. Brandreth, and of Capt. Burgman, for the admirable plans which have been adopted; and to the energy and unremitting exertions of Messrs Baker, the contractors, for the progress which has been made in the work ; and in awarding this praise to those who have originated this undertaking, he would not omit the name of the Hon. Henry Corry, who was forward in planning and promoting it, and to whom he had been indebted for much information upon it. He would add that the present Board of Admiralty had readily and most earnestly adopted this work; that they were anxious by all means in their power, to encourage and promote it; andin this feeling he and the other members of the board were present to take part in the ceremonies of the day. It might perhaps not be known to those who were around him that the inclosure for these basins and buildings would contain more than 60 acres; that the basins, 16 acres in extent, would conveniently boid at least eighteen of our largest steamers ; «hat the factories would be sufficient to supply every description of machinery, and that the sum to be expended on the works was estimated at 1,800,000/. Little. more than a year had elapsed since the work had commenced, and those who were present could bear witness to the vast excavations and to the extensive embankments which had been already made; twelve mi’es of railway had been laid within the enclosure, seven of the greatest granite quarries had been engaged for the work, and 630,000 cubic feet of stone hadalready been accumulated about the work. Hethad confidence in the promise made to him, that in three years steamers might be admitted into the basin, and that in three years beyond that time, every factery would be completed, and we should then have at Devonport, in addition to the most magnificent of the naval arsenals in the world, the most complete of all steam establishments, forming an important part of our national sirength, giving means of convenience at all times for the peaceful objeets of transit and of passage, and exhibiting that perfect preparation for war which is at all times the best security for peace.”’

Bravest TO THE SINKING FuND—The late Mr J. Ashton, of Newton Bank, near Hyde, in Cheshire,a wealthy and extensive cotton manufacturer of Man-

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chester, has bequeathed to the Manchester Royal Infirmary a legacy of 5,0001; and, after leaving large bequests to his family and others, leaves the residue of his personal estate, which is considerable, to the commissioners of the sinking

| fund, for the reduction of the national debt. The residue is augmented by the | falling in of a legacy of 20,0001, left to Mr W. Wright, his confidential clerk, and whom he had constituted an executor, but who died only a short time previous to the testator.

Lord Carteret has given the hyndsome donation of 100/ in aid of the erec- tion of national schools at Strattan, Cornwall, as well as a sufficiency of land for a site.

| was held in the hotel, King street, to hear addresses from Mr D. C. Aylwin, of

| Caleutta, and Mr Stockadder, secretary for the salt trade in this country, and to discuss such resolutions as it might be deemed fit to propose in reference to the

| salt monopoly of the East India Company. Mr M. J. Fielden was called upon to preside. In opening the meeting, the chairman said that the important bearing

| which the subject to be brought before them had on the interests of the inhabitants of British India, and on the manufacturing interests of this country was | his apology for his having called them together. Mr Stockadder was fir-t intro- | duced, end stated the enormous tax which the masses in India paid the direc- | tors through the salt monopoly ; the privations and sufferings to which they were thereby subjected; and the prejudicial effect this state of things had on the manufacturing trade of this country. In consequence of the monopoly, the price of salt in India was 75 per cent higher than it ought to be ; three months in the year’s labour of the ryot was absorbed by the purchase of his yearly supply of salt for his family, at the rate of 12 Ibs for each individual. The amount of this excessive tax would, arguing from a thorough acquaintance with the | character and habits of the natives, and from a review ofall the circumstances

connected with British trade with India, be expended on the cotton fabrics of | sritish manufacture.

an infliction of wrong, because theic charter, renewed in 1834, precluded the Company from all trading whatever. The meeting was then addresecd at con siderable length by Mr Jackson, manager for Sir W. Fielding and Sons, who displayed the oppressive character of the monopoly. The cost per maund of salt, manufactured under the exclusive controul of the Company, was one rupee per maund, the duty three rupees per maund, to which 100 per cent per maund was added through the operation of a sub-monopoly which existed in the sale of salt; thus making the price to the consumer eight times the amount of the cost. Mr Aylwin, who was received with applause, entered into an exposition of the different bearings of the subject. The pamphlets he had published on the subject were not his statement of the case; the statements contained in them, con- clusive as they were, were those of the Company ; those pamphlets had been | compiled from the Company’s correspondence. He denounced the iniquitous character of the salt monopoly, and declared his conviction that if the people of this country knew the amount of suffering experienced from it in India, his

countrymen would, out of their own pockets, furnish a supply of this first necessary of life, rather than permit such suffering to be endured from the cupidity of acompany whose directors had the country entrusted them by God and man. In asking the manufacturers of Lancashire to take up this question, he would sink them as manufacturers, and conjure them to take it up as men and Christians, and unite to abolish a system at once a curse to their fellow creatures, and an incubus totheir trade. Two resolutions were unanimously passed, the one pro-

nouncing the East India Compauy’s salt monopoly injurious to the masses of India, and to the manufacturing interests of this country; the other, pledging the meeting to endeavour to secure its abolition. An influential committee was appointed to promote this object.

LIvERPOOL, Sept. 24.— Great alarm was excited in this town this morning, by

The abolition of the Company’s monopoly would not be |

the report that the “ Great Britain” had been driven ashore, and gone to pieces, | on the northern coast of Ireland. Fortunately, this turned out to be an exaggerated statement. The “‘ Great Britain” left the Mersey on Tuesday morning, about half-past 11 o'clock, having on board 126 passengers, and a crew of 90 hands. The wind was in her favour, and she appears to have made most rapid progress. Through some inadvertence, not yet explained, either in the reckon- ing or in mistaking of a light, she got six miles out of her course, and at half-past eight o’clock in the evening, the passengers were alarmed by a sudden concussion, as if she had struck upon a rock. The shock was repeated, and they rushed upon deck. It was then ascertained that the vessel was aground. At this critical moment, Captain Hosken exhibited, it appears, the greatest self-possession. He apprised the passengers that the vessel was on shore, but that there was no danger. It was blowing hard at the time, but not so violently as to cause any apprehension. The signal of distress was made, the boats lowered, and assistance arrived from shore. Captain Hosken inspired all around him with his own confidence, and his orders were strictly obeyed. Al! the passengers were landed

| in safety. It was ascertained that she had gone ashore in Dundrum Bay, a little | to the westward of the sand bank called the Cow and Calf, on the eastern coast | Ireland. | Prince ALBERT’s ENGRAVINGS.—The splendid and valuable collection of | drawings and engravings possessed by Prince Albert, many of which are of ex- | treme rarity, are now in the course of being newly arranged, under the superin- | tendence of his Royal Highness. The spacious apartment at Windsor Castle, | overlooking the North Terrace, and known as the Print-room, is being fitted

up, around its sides, with extensive cases, composed of wainscot, with sliding shelves, nearly three feet in width, the upper portions having folding glass doors,

; and the lower having doors of beautifully polished wainscot, agreeably to the plans drawn out by the Prince. By the new arrangements, greater facilities for reference and inspection will be afforded.

SCOTLAN D. StaTe or Crime ry Eprnsurca.—The superintendent of the County Police

has published the annual return of crimes and offences reported by his force | from the Ist of July, 1845, to the 30th of June, 1846, The tables exhibit an increase under the principal head, viz., those tried before the High Court of Jus- ticiary, but this is to be attributed to no less than 13 having been tried and cc™-

| victed for being concerned in the riots at Fushie bridge last summer. There is | a decrease of convictions, which is satisfactory, when it is considered that nearly } 4,000 additional labourers have been employed on the railways now forming

within the county. There has been an increase of petty offences under the general turnpike act, which was to be expected from the great additional traffic in conveying materialsfor the railway operations.

THE StrrvuinG District or BurGcus.— Lord Palmerston has issued an address to the electors, in which he states that it is not his intention again to ask their suffrages. His reasons for adopting this course are, first, because he learns that his vote for the Maynooth grant has given offence to a large body of the consti- tuency ; and secondly, because he understands it is intended to exact a pledge from him as to the endowment of the Roman Catholic priesthood, a pledge which he will not give. Three candidates are already in the field; they are all in the Liberal interest. Mr B. Smith of Manchester, Mr Gillon of Wallhouse, and Mr Allison of Oakley, an extensive iron master.

|

THe SALT MonopoLty oF THE East INDIA COMPANY.-- MEETING OF Ma- | | NUFACTURERS.—At Blackburn, on Monday last, a meeting of manufacturers

1256 THE ECONOMIST. {| Sept. 26, Lord ExLGin, the new Governor-General, is residing at present at Broom Hal

in Fifeshire, and he does not intend to depart for Canada till the end of nelt month.

THe DunpEE HARBour TRUSTEES have resolved to proceed with the erec. | tion of the areh intended to commemorate her Majesty’s landing at that port on her visit to Athol. Lord Panmure contributed 500/ towards the expense. The delay in executing the work has arisen from the amount subscribed not being equal to the estimated expense. EMPLOYMENT PLENTIFUL IN SOME PARTS OF SCOTLAND.— The following

letter has been received by the Bishop of Derry :— “CUPAR, Sept. 3.—My Lord, I have read with regret, in the newspapers, the up-

pearance of famine in the county of Donegal, on account of the failure of the potato |}

crop. I am a native of that place, and have at present a large contract here. [ uld | employ 200 or 300 men at this place ; and my sons, who are employed in the same way. } |

The men about you are unacquainted with our work | | could take 400 or 500, perhaps.

that is going on here, but five or six weeks’ practice wou'd be required befure they can wet the wages that are now paid here. I may say that twelve, thirteen, and fourteen shillings weekly, may be paid at first, and, after that, may rise to sixteen, if they are smart and willing to work. Indeed, 1 would engage them at the above wages for eighteen months. They are within six miles of Duudee, where there are three excellent Ca- tholic clergymen. Iam looking out for one myself, for the use of the men at the rajj- way.

Catholics, Please publish this your diocese, and please let me know, as early as you can, if I must expect any men here soon, and what number; and 1 will let you know how you shall sendthem. They must not be men above forty years of age.—I am, &c, | Neat M‘Donaxtp. P.S.—Address Cupar of Fife, Scotland.”

The patronage of the church and pari-h of Wemyss, the property of the town council of Edinburgh, was again exposed for sale on Wednesday, in the council chambers, at the upshot price of 500/, but no competitors having appeared, the | sale was adjourned. It is said that a sum nearly in amount to the upset price

has been privately offeredjfor the property. |

CounTy OF EpINBURGH.—The registration court for the county having terminated its sittings, the following is the result :-—

Total number Of claims lOdGed ...ssercccccccsssccsscccresesecsessecsssesesees OD

Admitted — 55 Claims admitted for Conservatives... 34 PUD FDR ico ces ccscatnnncnndsencssteeiqnantebserccnuneass cones sieansnesciseonces Sh

Total — 55

Thirty-one votes expunged from’ the register; twenty-five belonged to the Li- beral party, and six to the Conservatives. REMARKABLE PIENOMENON.—The sea, at a short distance from the coast

here, has presented some remarkable appearances during the present week. On Tuesday last, about four o’clock in the afternoon, about low water, the sea, for about thirty yards from the shore, and along the coast from the Cove to the bay of Nigg, appeared of a purple colour, and continued to darken as the afternoon advanced. Our informant, who, with a large number of fishermen, observed the

appearance, thinking it might arise from any reflection of the sky, went out in a boat and examined the water. To his astonishment, he found the boat actually in a sea of purple, and the water of a glutinous nature, containing so much colouring matter that it actually died red whatever object it touched. No effluvia could be perceived arising from the water. As the tide rose, the coloured water packed closer in shore, and continued to become darker and darker. Next afternoon, the same appearances were observed to occur, but not to such an extent. We wish some of our scientific friends would afford us a clue to the cause of this phenomenon. Nothing of the kind seems to have been observed in this quarter before, although, perhaps, in other places such appearances may have been witnessed. We may state that, on Monday, the fishermen between this and the

Cove observed the sea, at about 70 or 80 yards from the shore, breaking out in dark spots, which may be supposed to have multiplied and magnified till they presented the appearance above mentioned.—Aberdeen Herald.

At a recent meeting of the Town Council of Dingwall, on an interesting discussion relative to the potato disease, Provost Cameron stated that Mr Ma son of Auchany and the Lewes, was prepared, without reference to other arrangements, to order Indian corn to the amonnt of 10,000/ to be at hand to supply the deficiency of food now inevitable from the distemper among the potatoes. —Glasgow Argus.

A meeting of the county gentlemen of Ross-shire was held at Dingwall last week, to take into consideration the state of the population, because of the failure of the potato crop. As it is understood no relief may be expected from the government, the landlords have resolved to exert themselves in their various localities. Their example will be followed in other parts of Scotland, and particularly in the northern counties. That the loss of the potato must be made up from other sources, is evident, and to enable those who were mainly dependent on that root to procure the substitute, they must either have employment, or be aided by contributions. In the present state of the labour market, it is gratify- ing to find that there is no lack of employment. According to one of the resolutions passed at the above meeting, “there never was a better demand for labour in this country ;” but as the price of food has naturally risen, the Ross- shire landbolders fear that it may be placed beyond the reach of those that are not fully employed.

The report that Lord Ashley is to be candidate for the Rectorship of Glasgow University has been contradicted. |

DIsTRESS IN SCOTLAND.—The potato failure may be described in two words — total, universal, in Scotland. The visitation has fallen most seve ely upon the

Highland and island population of Scotland; and, in many districts of the extensive territory, scenes are already begun which are more than sufficient, were they but known, to awaken the sympathies of every feeling heart. More than one-half of the people in those districts depend upon potatoes as their staple food. Their case is stated when it is just said that they are in total, absolute want.— Witness,

The Anti-Corn Law Association of this city has this week been formally dissolved, and formal votes of thanks were passed severally to Mr Cobden, Mr Bright, Mr Villiers, and to Colonel Thompson.—Glasgow Post.

IRELAND.

CONCILIATION HaLu.—The usual weekly meeting of the members of this body was held on Monday in Conciliation Hall. Captain Broderick, and Messrs Fitzpatrick, J. H. Dunne, Clements, &c., entered the Hall. Upon the motion of Mr O'Connell, the chair was taken by Mr Wm.

M‘Guinness. Mr J. O'Connell read a letter addressed to Mr Ray from Daniel O'Connell, Esq., M.P., commenting on the ministerial plan of relief He afterwards moved its insertion on the minutes, and in doing 80

«« Expressed his regret that an account had just reached the Association from Cashel, stating that, at the presentment sessions held there a few days back, under the Labour Act, the magistrates had separated without presenting one halfpenny for the support of the famishing poor. Sucha result could not, however, surprise the mecting, when he informed them that the sessions aliuded to were presided over by Lord Glengall—as miserable an enemy of Ireland as ever oppressed her starving people. The terrible fear he had was that the poor creatures, thus oppressed, would be, by the pangs of extreme starvation, driven to acts of violence; but he would, for the sake of Repeal, implore them to keep the peace, and he would promise them

My sons have a priest permanently with them, for the benefit ofthe men who are } |

At 1 o'clock, Mr J. O'Connell, M.P., | |

food, as their reverend pastors had that day gone to the Castle, to the Lord Lieu-

TK a ———

}

ee

1846.] | tenant, to request him to take immediate measures for their relief. His father had in

his letter congratulated the country upon the unanimity that prevaied in carrying out the Labour Act, so far as he had heard ; but since that letter was written, the blot which he had discovered in the act hed been hit, and he heped the goveroment would

take care and remedy it. He regretted the fatality he alluded to exceedingly, and he

| was afraid that the only remedy which could be applied would be to summon Parlia- ment within a fortnight or three weeks, to pass measures which would compel the hard- hearted landlords to bear the burdens which they ought to bear.” ‘The rent was then announced at the low sum, as Mr J. O Connell observed, “ owing to the distress of the country,” of 60/ 16s 4d.

A deputation left Cork on Tuesday, for London, to solicit from the Treasury a loan of 50,0001 for the Cork and Bandon Railway Company, who have 800 men employed on the line.

EMPLOYMENT FOR THE PEOPLE.—Mcetings to afford employment to people have been held during last week in Clare and Kerry. Clare, 17,0001 were appropriated to employment. | DINNER TO SERJEANT MurRPHY.—The dinner to this learned gentleman took place on Thursday night in Cork. Upwards of 280 gentlemen sat down. The | speeches were not of a political character, but an allusion by Serjeant Murphy

that he might again be honoured with the representation of Cork was received with enthusiastic applause.

FrEVER.— Fever is very prevalent, especially in Belfast, at present among the poorer inhabitants residing in narrow, filthy streets, and living upon unwhole-

some and scanty supplies of food. SraTuE or O’'CONNELL.—The colossal statue of O'Connell, by Hogan, the dis-

tinguished sculptor, has arrived in Dublin from Rome. THE LATK JoHN BAN, Ese.—Through the exertions of the Dean of Ossory,

the relict of John Banim, the distinguished novelist, has been granted a pension

of 501 upon the civil list. The Roscommon Journal says, the bakers are not able to supply a sufficiency of

bread for the demand. Unfortunately, the people are pledging and disposing of every ariicle they possess.

GOVERNMENT ARRANGEMENTS FOR THF RELIEF OF IRELAND.—Six of her Majesty's steam vessels and two ordnance lighters are at present employed on the coast of Ireland, carrying Indian corn meal and biscuit to various points on the coast. The Strombo/i, Captain Fisher, has proceeded from Cork to Tarbert, with between 800 and 900 sacks of Indian corn, meal, and having discharged the

sam» into the Alban and Pluto, will return to Cork for more “ bread stuff”. The

Alban and the Pio take the cargo from Stromboli, and convey it to Limerick

for distribution. The Dee, was at Cork on Saturday last, loading with Indian corn meal for Tarbert and Limerick. The Rhadamanthus, with 1,000 sacks of

Indian corn meal, and as large a quantity of sea biscuit from the naval store at Cork as she could stow, arrived at Dingle on the 17th, when it was placed under the charge of the government commissary for the Dingle relief committee, ‘The Swallow, has arrived at Cork, for the conveyance of Indian corn meal, having been placed at the disposal of the commissioners by the admiralty. In addition to the above, the Comet, has been sent to Ireland with money. She arrived at Cork, and having delivered some of her specie to the Branch Bank of Ireland, proceeded on Saturday from Cork to Tralee, Limerick, Galway, Westpart, and Sligo, distributing the money at the various branch banks of Ireland, for the relief of the distressed inhabitants. The 44 gun frigate A/ladagascar (measuring 1,100 tons) has been fitted up at Cork asa store ship; when laded with Indian corn and other provisions she will be towed to the Shannon, and moored at the Island of Foynes, about 20 miles from Limerick. ‘The steamers will carry the provisions from this point up the Shannon. The government have ordered the Androneda 44-gun frigate (1,200 tons), and the Andromache 26-gun ship (700

tons) to be fitted at Plymonth Dockyard for the same purposes as the Madagascar. Arrangements, it is understood, have been made to put into active operation the

Royal William Vic‘ualling Establishment at Plymouth, for the purpose of grinding of Indian corn and manufacturing biscuit

the In one barony of

MISCELLANEOUS.

TESTIMONIAL TO Mr Bricut, M.P.—A paragraph has been going the round of the pnplic papers, stating that the testimonial to Mr Bright already exceeds 10,0001; this statement is incorrect, the sum already subscribed does not exceed 4,000/. The Rochdale committee, with whom the testimonial originated, expressly state in their circulars that they do not wish or ask for large subscriptions, their object being only to obtain an expression of acknowledgment of the services

| which their townsman has rendered to the cause of free trade. The 4,000/ already subscribed has been received in answer to circulars sent out, no returns having as yet been received, except from Wray, an agricultural village; they have sent near 4/, subscribed in shillings and sixpences.

Jount Stock BANKs.—On the 26th of August last, an act of parliament (9 and | 10 Victoria, c. 75) came into force to regulate joint-stock banks in Scotland and Ireland. By this act the act of 7 and 8 Victoria, c. 113, to regulate joint-steck banks in England, is, with few exceptions, extended to Scotland and Ireland. By the

following provision, banking companies established since the 9th of August, 1845, may carry on business until the 3lst of December next :—* And whereas certain companies of more than six persons are now carrying on the trade and business of bankers under agreements or covenants of co-partnership entered into since the 9th of August, 1845, and it is expedient to allow to such companies a certain

time within which they may be at liberty to comply with the provisions of this act, be it therefore enacted that any company of more than six persons which shall now be carrying on the trade or business of bankers under agreements or covenants of copartnership entered into subsequently to the 9th of August, may continue to carry on the said trade and business until the 31st of December, 1846,

| and no longer, anything in this act to the contrary notwithstanding. Provided | always that it shall be lawful for every such company to apply to Her Majesty

for letters patent under the provisions of this act, in the same manner as if such company had carried on the trade and business of bankers under an agreement entered into before the 9th of August; and if her Majesty shall be pleased to

| grant to such company letters patent on or before the 31st of December, 1846, it shall be lawful for such company thereafter to carry on their trade and business

| of bankers as aforesaid according to this act and not otherwise.” Among the Avon's passengers are Dr. Kalley and lady, whose house was ran-

| sacked at Madeira, in consequence of their attempts to make converts to Protest-

| antism. SINGULAR FRAUD ON THE RAGGED Scnoors.—An ingenious fraud, practised

| at the Ragged School in Broadway, Westminster, brings to light the eagerness with which admission is sought by some children, They incurred the expense of

printing admission cards, forging the signature of the superintendent. These were bought by others for a halfpenny each, and gained admission until the forgery was detected.

Hor INTELLIGENCE.—FARNHAM, Sept. 19.—The hop-picking is fast approaching to aclose. The yield generally is abundint at Farnham, though in weight the plant falls short in comparison with many other years, though the size of the hop counterbalances that deficiency. It has taken trom 60 to 80 bushels to the cwt, yet in many gardens from 10 to 15 ecwt had been gathered. The pickers have had good wages, many a woman with her children earning from 8s to 10s per day, ‘The condition and quality of the hops are not remembcred to have been

THE ECONOMIST.

|

|

| |

1257

There has not been a day’s cessation of picking At Odiham and Alton the busy time is nearly over.

The duty is still laid on at 200,000/ and the portion from this district at from 10,0001 to 12, 001.—Hampshire Advertiser.

exceeded in any former year. from the commencement.

FOREIGN AND COLONIAL.

FRANCE. Despatches have been sent to the V’rince de Joinville to make all sail to the

eastern coast of Spain, in order to prevent, by active surveillance, the landing of the Comte de Montemolin and other Carlist chiefs. Some vessels are ordered with the same intention from Brest and Rochefort, on the eastern coast of the Peninsula, to prevent the landing of arms and ammunition.

The recent «ccounts of the harvest in France are more satisfactory. A letter from Colmar (Upper Rhine) of the 8th inst. states :—* The present situation by no means justifies the fears which appear to have been formed as to the harvest. The results are not so good as might have been hoped, but are yet superior to those of the past year. The great drought has necessarily affected the quantity, but the quality is excellent. The wheat has been inferior in some districts, and average in others. It is believed to be quite adequate to the wants of the departments. Early potatoes partially failed, but the others give promise of a good return, from the late rains. In a word, the situation is better than last vear.”

A letter from La Vendee remarks, that “if the yield of the wheat is inferior in quantity to the average, the quality is good, and the grain weighs from 75 to 80 ki‘ogrammes the hectolitre. The millet and rye are pretty fair, and the department will have a supply greater than its demand.” The vine crop in Bur- gundy and the Bourdeaux district is very promising, particularly as regards quantity. The Journal des Debats states that the fears which were entertained relative to the safety of the potato crop throughout France, have been dis- pelled.

THE CONTINENTAL ForGERIES.—The two forgers, Theodore Herweg, alias Romanzou or Raumanzow, and Knapps, have undergone several interrogations before the magistrates, and several witnesses have also been examined. It appeared that Romanzou scarcely ever remained in one apartment more than a quarter of a year, and was to leave that in the Rue d’Anjou, where he was taken, in October. He never went out, and was not visited, during the time he

stayed there, by more than three persons. The preliminary proceedings are likely to occupy several months, on account of the evidence which will be required from several foreign countries. Knapps is confined in the prison of the Madellonnettes, and Romanzow in that of St Pelagie. The thirty-two notes

found upon Romanzow were for 100/ each, and not for 5/, as was at first stated. Both the prisoners have made a full confession. Romanzow stated that, after having so narrowly escaped from arrest on the 6th January, 1832, when the woman Danelle, and Pressel, the native of Wurtemberg, were surprised at Passy

where he, Romanzow, had set up a press, he got over the frontier into Switzer- land, and made his way into Italy, where he lived for four months upon a sum of money that he took with him. Fearing an application for his extradition, he returned to France, thinking he would be able the more easily to conceal himself there. His resources were then reduced to two genuine Bank of England notes for 100/ each, and he conceived for the first time the idea of imitating

them. But the difficulties he had to contend with were so great, that he was for two years working assiduously before he could succeed; living in the most parsimonious manner upon one of the notes, being obliged to keep the other asa model. At the end of the two years he found that he had produced a perfect forgery ; but not daring to trust the uttering of his false notes to any third person, he issued them himself, and in three days exchanged twenty-six of them fur 100/ each, at different money-changers’ offices. He then stopped, and tra- velled till he saw the effect produced upon the Bank of England. At the time of his last capture, Romanzow was engaged, with the assistance of his accom- plice Knapps, in manufacturing a greater number of notes of the Bank of Eng- land, with the intent, as he says, of raising 100,000f., with which he hoped to get over to America, and there live an honest life.—Galignani,

SPAIN. MADRID, Sept. 14.—The sitting of the Senate and of the Congress has been

opened. M. Isturitz, President of the Council, read the following message to the two Chambers :—

TO THE CORTES. ** A. M. the Queen has ordered us to inform the Cortes, ac

47 of the constitution, that, after long and serious delibera hat was best for the

welfare of the monarchy and her own happiness, she has resolved to contract a marriage with her august cousin, the Infante Don Francisco de Assis Maria of Bourbon. “H.M. has likewise ordered us to announce to the Cortes, in the same manner, and tu

the same intent, that H.R.H. the Infanta Maria Luisa Fernanda, of Bourbon, her august sister, and at present heir presumptive to the crown, intends, with consent and will of the Queen, to contract a mariage with 1... Antoine-Mar.e l’hilippe Louis d’Orleans Duke of Montpensier.

> the terms of Art.

‘Her Majeaty hopes that these marr’ages will cont. ibute efficaciously to the happiness and prosperity of the monarchy, to her own happiness, and to that of her august sister; and she hopes that the Cortes of the kingdom, who have given so many prcofs of their love and devotion to the crown, of the interest they bear to the grandeur and prosperity of the nation, and tothe firm establishing of its institutions, will join in these consolatory

hopes, and will beseech the Almighty to grant their s;eedy accomplishment, and give to Spain a new era of peace, of concord, and of happiness.

** Madrid, Sept. 14, 1846.”

In the Senate and in the Congress the communication was received with emo- tion and respect. The Minister of Finance then demanded the authority to levy contributions. M. Orense then rose amidst universal silence, and demanded if the marriage of the Duke of Montpensier was to take place immediately, or whether it was to be adjourned until the Queen had given direct successors to the

crown? M. Isturitz replied at once that the marriage of the Queen and of the In- Janta were to be celebrated at the same time.

The address of the Congress to the Queen has becn voted unanimously, except one vote—159 against 1.

Dox Enrique has drawn up a protest against the marriage of the Infanta with the Duke of Montpensicr. He has done so as a member of the royal family of Spin, and, as such, interested in the question of the eventual -cessi n to the

throne, secured to his family by the constitution, in case of the failure of direct issue from the daughters of Ferdinand VII. He protests against the rights about to be acquired, at the expense of the family of the Infante, his father, by the house of Orleans, in consequence of the marriage of the Infanta Maria Louisa with the Duke of Mont pensier.

EAST INDIES. In anticipation of the overland mail, we have news under the following dates :

Calcutta, August 9; Madras, August 15; Ceylon, August 19; Aden, Sept. 2; China, July 25. The political news is not important.

The Sikhs, it is said, are to reorganize their army, but several of the Hill tribes

are already so dissatisfied that itis expected they will refuse to submit. Under these circumstances the Maharaja’s government has already solicited that the

British army may remain at Lahore for a longer period than that originally fixed by the Governor-general.

The intelligence from Hyderabad states that the Nizam has been compelled to

solicit the advice and assistance of the r.sident. The expulsion of the Kohillas

| ,

|

5 AAA ENE AE EES TT EIS ER:

a6 RT AED FARES aS,

ice SST RES RRC

pone PE

PRS RR Le ES

—

Se

1258 THE ECONOMIST. Se pt. 26,

had at length been determined upon, and the resident having taken matters into his own hands, the refractory Zemindurs have submitted, the tributary Zemindur of Gudwal, against whom the troops of the contingent will be employed.

From Jullunder, under date 27th, we find that Gholab Singh, who had largely increazed his army of late, had been called upon to reduce it, give up possession

Akhbar Khan

different

His son was

unsettled state of aflairs the which he had refused complianc¢ intriguing with

favourable. GOVERNORSHIP OF BomBAY.—It is rumoured that Henry Pottinger is to be

CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

We have received Cape of Good Hope papers to the 11th of July. We learn that the hostile tribes seem to be convinced that they have little hopes of success. Colonel Somerset has been scouring Stock’s country, but had nowhere met with resistance. Sir Andreat Stockenstrom had held a conference with some of the chiefs of the Tambookies, ana they all professed the strongest attachment towards the colony. It may be said, therefore, that the colonists are now at ease, and are eae led to follow their usual avocations without fear or alarm. We subjoin an extract from the “ South African Commercial Advertiser” :—

m9 Graham's Town Accounts from Madrid of the 15th instant, e that the Fr

had received despatches from his Court, announcing that the Duke de Montpen-

sier would not accept the dotation that might be granted to the Infanta. The

discussion on the royal message having been resumed in the Chamber of Deputies, M. Pacheco contended that the marriage of the Infanta with the Duke de Mont- pensier would have the effect of destroying the English and French a'liance. M. Donoso Cortes maintained, in reply, that the friendly relations of England and France, and the quadruple alliance, were nowise endangered by the marriage of the the infanta with aPrinec who presented himself under the auspices of liberty. M Isturiz,the President ofthe Council,declared that the Minister of her Britannic Ma- jesty had presented to him a note containing the assurance that the Montpensier marriage would not in any degree alter the present friendly :elations between

the the two cabinets. M. Mon said that the Queen had authorised the marriage of the Infanta with the Duke de Montpensier; that the ng the de-

voted subjects of Her Majesty, had obeyed her orders, and consequently assumed the whole responsibility of th then described the advantages cruing to the nation from th: at it was isolated and purely Spanish, and that the governments of every nation would receive with a kindly feeling the expression of the wish of the august gn of Spain. M Bravo Murillo also supported the marriage. Mr Bulwer was present at the debate.

UNITED STATES. will be and of tobacco the crop will be

receipts at the principal depots of the grain there is a promise of an

been exceedingly favourable for Indian

stat nch Ambassador

Ministers b

measure He ac-

t alliance ; th

soverci

The supply of rice, we judge, large, probably bey ond p ecedent The

latter product have been unusually large. In immense crop. The s¢

good,

“ason has corn,

yund. We

market The

r year; but

arriving at tidc

ption in Great Britaiz

think we discover a tend

receipts at this port, we

in considering the effects of a

water, Ww not forget the

augmentati our own

barrels, if the markets can be fi rise of prices in the flour exceed those of any form« crease in the quantity

increase of consum

ney to a

believe will

great in-

probable po-

must

, and th on of

Santa Anna leit Havana, h«

Connor, and avowed hi:

follows: “If the people would ; refer peace.”

took letters from General Campbell to Commodore lf, in re ly to i some inquiries as to his intentions, as

ol my country are for war, then I am with them, but I

with the exception of

of certain forts, and alter his line of policy, particularly as to Cashmere, to all of

frigate Savannah. General Castro, the governor of the province, advanced at the head of his troops to repulse Colonel Fremon’s army, which had advanced to Sonona, to the north of San Francisco, but the Mexican forees retreated. The New Orleans Picayune says—

“ It is quite probable if Santa Anna could concentrate in his own hands the absolute power of the nation under a peace establishment, he would prefer doing so, but that he will risk ane ing to obtain peace, however advantageous it might be to the country, is to imagine him capable of sac rificing something for the benefit of others, a supposition totally at variance with every attribute of his nature. And, again, in the same arti-

In consequence. therefore, of the corps at | cle, we find Santa Anna can make asharp war, and if he does it wil! be a shorter one

Lahore and in the Jullunder Doab will not be relieved this year at least. than the advance upon disjointed departments and a foggy indistinet organisation pro- The report from the indigo districts have been, without exception, un- | ™ised to be. The capture of Monterey and Santillo will end in nothing greater

than the capture of Matamoras or Carmargo. . . . Under Paredes’s administ ration

nothing above a guerilla war could be ¢ xpected— under Savta Auna a contest of results may be looked for.”

the new Governor of Bombay. Such an appointment would give great satisfac- rhe last accounts from Teheran state that the cholera had nearly subsided in tion to all who are acquainted with the character and merits of that distin- | gp. capit.], and had proceeded thence in two different directions—east and guished officer south. ‘The mortality, although great, had not been so much as in 1835,

Among the victims were an attache of the British Embassy, Mr Robert Glenn ; the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Persia, Abul Hassan Khan ; and the Minister of Justice.

t is rumoured that the question of Tahiti is settled between Lord Palmerston and M. Guizot—that the French protectorate is to remain at present. Queen Pomare is to be re-instated in part of her dominions.

PoLAND.—The three great powers have been informed that a new insurrec-

tion was on the point of breaking out in Gallicia, at Posen, and at Cracow. “With the exception of very smal! parties of thieves, the frontier districts appear to | Measures of precaution have been taken in consequence.

> clear of tl I his isa t of greatin ce, as 8 titin the power be clear fthe enemy. 1 a fact of z importan a ay putitin the an SwITZERLAND.—The Swiss Diet has been dissolved after a session of ten weeks.

of the governor so to arrange his forces as to enable the fronti rlonists to seize the rl tif le r of opportunity of plonghing and sowing during the approaching season. The loss of a 1e Vé ry grati ying reports made a few weeks since respecting the recovery 0

month now is to the agriculiurist the loss of a who!e year By removing the evemy, and | the potatoin Belgium and Rhenish Germany, have since been borne out. Re- keeping him out, the floc of sheep, the chief wealth and resource of the frontier colo- specting the former country, we find the following in the late Brussels papers :—

nist, are also saved, not only from the jaws of the destroyer, but from the destruction rhe potato winter cropping is repor'ed to be nearly finished in the province of | ] r-crowding, bs | tur é verq-tl ving i ‘ if 1 Virle n ¢ ‘ « | . arly that follows over om g, ba isturage, and « riving. ! “< Kam = 'S | Brabant, and particularly in the environs of Brussels. It is not known in io

t invaded at ubdued would b njust not to acknow) that things have > " . yee sales Bee 8 . arco ge eee ames 5 ; 7 ‘ve | memory of man to have been effected so early as the beginning of September ; most materially altered for the better within ¢ ast month or six weeks. The ad- . y : s . . : vanced posts, the villages, such as Bathurst and Theopolis, are no longer surrounded by | }8 almost six weeks earlier than in ordinary years. With some exceptions the

a vigilant enemy, nor does any one think it pi ybabie thata rush will be made up n | crops of all kinds are very satisfactory. The estimated produce of the potato crop this year in the arondissement of Brussels, and in the rest of the province, will be at the rate of 150 hectolitres per hectare. Last year when four: fifths of the crop failed, the produce was only 42 hectolitres per hectare. In 1844, the crop averaged 175 hectolitres per hectare

Our intelligence from China speaks of the preparations making for the evacua- tion of Chusan.

The stoppage of the Mauritius joint stock bank took place on the 17th of June

A call on the shareholders for the remainder of the unpaid capital would, it was believed, enable the bank to resume business. The credit of the Mauritius

rcial bank was not in the least affected. PROvisioNs IN GERMANY.—The governments of the different states of Ger-

many are continuing to take measures for providing against the scarcity of provisions arising from the scanty harvest and the high price of corn. The government of Bs der n has authorised the importation of foreign corn, and an analogous decision of the Zollverein allows the free entrance of all foreign corn up to the ist of May, 1847, and prorogues all anterior ordonnances relative to the free en-

try on corn.

rue Hacvue.—We quote Alost, addressed to the "Anvers :-—* All sery which prevails in the country is below the truth. Half of the population live in the Irish fashion, that is to say on potatoes, vinegar, and water ; rye bread is too dear. As for pork, which is scarce this year, it is banished long since from the tables of the poorer classes. The'mortality is becoming frightful in several villages, even those which lately enjoyed 'a certain degree of prosperity. It exceeds by fifty per cent. that ofthe years 1842 and 1843. The long drought has dred up most of the wells, and being forced to drink muddy and unwholesome water instead of beer or milk, our country people have almost all contracted dis-

com

Courrier d that has been stated of the mi-

whelmed with work, and three-quarters of his stock of medicines are absorbed

indigent p tients. The poor family of which I speak, would be obliged to sleep in the open air, if the burgomaster to which the cottage belongs, had not excused them from paying their rent for the last eighteen months. are above a hundred such instances all our villages, the misery is becoming general, the small farmers are ruined in giving alms ; the large farm, near which

by his

reinforcem

The Gazett

Tangiers, the

el-K.ader

nts from England

du Midi publishes the to'lowing letter from a correspondent, dated

24th day of August :—*“ We are on the eve atevents. Abd-

the title of Defender of the Faith, has declared the Emperor

of gre

assuming

naeeamaet RLsckceennee ee

|

the following afflicting details from a letter from |

j

|}

and we look for an ag gate pre x<luction of not less than 550,000,000, affording | YT

surplus for export of as much as the world who trade with us may desire to | orders in the stomach, to which many hundreds have fallen victims. I have vi- | take. The receipts of wheat at Cleveland are 150,000 bushels a week, and at | sited a cottage where the father, mother, grandmother, and seven children

the other numerous lake ports in alike proportion. The reason that it has not | Were ill, lying upon straw, badly attended, and abandoned by everybody ex come down faster is, the want of boats. We last year exported one and a half | ¢¢Pt 4 poor pastor and the physician of a neighbouring commune. The pastor millions of barrels of flour. We think it may be this year increased 1,000,000 | has nothing to give them but consolation, and as for the physician, he is over-

rhere |

|

News had been received in Mexico that Monterey and California ]iad been | of Morocco unfit to reign, and is inciting the population to accept Muly Edris, |

| taken by one of the vessels of the United States squadron a descendant of the imperial family, as their true and legitimate sovereign.

The Anglo-Saxon, Capt. J. R. Gordon, brings dates from Boston of the 5th Edris is already near Fez, with an immense number of partisans.’ The Lsprit |

| and from New York of the Ist of S« ptember. Public states, that 10,000 Moors have ranged themselves under the banners of |

General Paredes was taken prisoner, and is kept in the citadel of Mexico, as it \bd-el-Kader, who, after having recomposed his Deira, had taken possession of |

was his manifest intention to employ the troops, equipped for t) army of th Taza, and was threatening Fez |

north, to oppose the advance of Santa Anna from Vera Cruz, instead of march- M. Dumon’s Visit TO ENGLAND, AND ITS INFLUENCE ON HIM.—(From our

| ing against General Taylor. General Salis had arweay a letter of convoc ction of Paris Correspondent.) --1 have seen a letter written by our Minister after his

congress. on the principles of 14524, and the members are to assemble at Mexico | visit to Birmingham, and he is quite enraptured by all he has seen You on the 6th of December next Commodore *loat entered the harbour of Monte- know that he was not very favourable to free trade, and he had opposed

| rey early in July, and on the 6th issued a proclamation to the inhabitants of Cali- the project of relaxations in the heavy duties which exist on the importa-

fornia, assuring them that he did not come among them as the enen y of Cali- | tions of iron into France but now he is quite disposed to propose that the

| fornia, but as their friend, that they were destined to form part and parcel of | duties on railway iron should be lessened It is probable that M. Dumon

i he United States. The proclamation is dated on board the United States | will present several import. nt bills during the next parliamentary session, as |

| | pulation by immigrations, and the extent ofour territory. The war with Mexico es : | | will have a tendency to increase the consumption of flour in comparison with I live, is visited every week by six hundred beggars; each of these persons re- |

| the amount produced Ve anticipate alarge business for New York in this | ceive ® centime or a potato. rhe farmer talks of abandoning his favours, be- | }

| article in the crop of ’46, ause most of the new country opened for its cul- | C#@use he cannot bear so heavy aburthen. In our village, as in many others, the }

ture is connected more inti: ly by position with her than with any other sea- rich inhabitants subscribe to give work to our unfortunate countrymen ; these |

| port. The receipts of flour at New Orleans, last season, up to the middle of | burthens are four times heavier than the taxes rhe ne who are employed | this month, were 247,000 barrels, against 546,000 for the same time the pre- spinning in the hous s of the farmers, work from five in the morning till seven

sent year. Last year a large proportion of all our exports of flour and wheat = the evening, for which they receive four centimes and the ir food. In some

went down the St Lawrence. There is good reason to believe the new law | farms they are contented with their food alone; this may do for them, but what

of Congress, regulating that matter, will direct that trade to our canals, and becomes of their children 2 .

| tothis port. We ke the exports from this city, since January last, have | New ZEALAND.—Extract of a letter received at Lloyd s :—Auckland, N. Z.,

| been more than 500.000 urrels, Which is a great excess over the corresponding | ? 5th April —The governor and the squadron are still in the south, and we have

| term of any previous year. We shall publish, in a few days, a detailed state- had no intellizence of their movements for more than two months. Report

ment of the movements in this branch of trade for th past year.—New York | Says that the troops have been engaged with the natives in driving them off the

| Sun. . | disputed land on the Hutt. Inthe north hostilities are confined to the native

| MEXICO. | tribes at war with each other. Several engagements have taken place within

The steamer Arab arrived off Vera Cruz on the 15th of August, with Santa | thirty miles of Auckland, and it behoves government to watch narrowly their | Anna on board. He immediately placed himself at the head of the movement | Movements We have not by any means a sufficient force in the colony ; from | in that department. The departments of Pueba and Mexico have declared for | 2 to 3,000 men will be required before the government can exercise authority

Santa Anna. The revolt at the capital was headed by General Salas. Before | ©V&T the Aboringal inhabitants. The colonists here are anxiously looking for

| Mr Joseph Jewell, late of the firm of Howards and Kent, manufacturing chymists, | Stratford, Essex.

1846. | he has perceived that there are many blanks and defalcations in our railway laws. But there is a perpetual disagreement between M. Dumon and M. Legrand, his sous Secretaire d‘Etat, because this high functionary, who was in favour of the railways being executed and worked by the government, is not favourably disposed for the companies.

———SESSeeee

THEATRES.

Surrey.—Mr Macready continues to grace the stage of this theatre. His performance of Othello, on Monday night, was a rich entertainment to the ad-

| mirers of the legitimate drama. Macready’s personation ef the bold, artless | goldier was the very Moor ‘that Shakspeare drew.’ He was a truthful representa-

tive of the peace-destroying jealousy, which refuses to instruct itself from the

ning insinuations of an enemy. Iago was well represented by Mr Cooper. SADLER’s WELLS.—Last week Miss Laura Addison appeared in the character

of Juliet. She has now proved herself fitted for the most delicate and difficult creations of the dramatist. The griefs, anxieties, and extacies of the love-lorn Italian girl were all beautifully de ineated. Her impassioned tones were entirely free of the degeneracy of rant ; and her earnestness seemed felt and not

forced. torical cadences, tends to a stiffness almost amounting to mannerism; from which, let us hope, practice, by giving confidence, will ere long set her free. Lyceum.—A new piece entitled “ To Parents and Guardians,” by the author

of a “ Trip to Kissingen,’ was brought out here last week. In the hands of the clever artists at this theatre the pieee made sure of general acclamation, The frolics and heedlessness of youth were very cleverly pourtrayed by Mrs Keeley. She is deservedly a favourite with the public.

SrranpD.—On Monday last Mr Gregory made his appearance in a new play called “ The Maid of Warsaw.” In the character of Ulric he acted with his usual power. ‘Though the piece is not of much interest as to plot, nor possessed of much value in arrangement, design, or execution, the announcement of its re- petition during the week seemed to be approved by the audicnce. The author was called for but refused to appear.

_

BIRTHS. On the 15th inst. at 110 Princes street, Edinburgh, the Lady Anne Home Drummond,

ofa son. At Kensington garden terrace, on the 20th inst. the lady of George Robins, Esq. of

twins, a boy and a girl. At East Dean, the lady Jane Swinburne, of a daughter.

MARRIAGES. On the 19th inst. at St Pancras new church, Bergaiius Sorensen, Esq. of Horton,

Norway, to Iarriet, eldest daughter of R. K. Davis, Esq. of Bayham cottages, Camden road

On the 22d inst. at Brompton church, by the Rev. Dr Wright, Hamson George Den- niss, sq. of Maceio, son of the late Lieutenant- Colonel Denniss, Barrackmaster-Gene-

ral at the Cape of Good Hope, to Julia, youngest daughter of Aristides Franklin de Mornay, Esq

On the 16th inst. at Helensburgh, by the Rev. John Bell, incumbent of Trinity F pis- copal church, John H. Buchan, Esq. of Mexico. son of the late Captain David Buchan, R.N. to Katherine Carmichael, youngest daughter of Robert Auld, Esq. late of the Scottish hall, Crane court, London.

On the 15th inst. by the Rev. G. T. DriMeld, vicar, at Prescot, George Henry Strutt, Esq. son of Jedediah Strutt, Esq of Belper, Derbyshire, to Agnes Ann, daughter of Edward Ashton, Esq. of West end, Prescot, Lancashire.

DEATHS. On the 14thinst. the Duke of Atholl, in his (9th year. On the 5th inst. at Vigo. on the coast of Spain, on board his yacht, the Right Hon.

the Earl of Yarborough, aged 65. On the 3d inst. Alfred, only son of John Close, Esq. her Britannic Mhjdsty's Consul

at Charente. On the 28th of April, at Swan river, Western Australia, Richard, second son of John

Wells, Esq. of Forest farm, Windsor forest, aged 41. On the !7th inst. at his residence, 59 Cambridge terrace, Hyde park, William Collins,

Esq. late of Broad street buildings, city, merchant, in his 82d year. On the I8th inst. at Upper Clapton, John Tiplady, Esq. in the 71st year of his age. On the 22d inst. Mr William Walker, bookseller, No. 196 Strand, in the 69th year of

his age. ; On the 23d inst. at his residence, Pierremont, Broadstairs, Isle of Thanet, Edward

Fletcher, Esq. in the 84th year of his age. On the 7th of July, of cholera, at Kurrachee, Scinde, Captain John Moore Napier,

THE ECONOMIST.

best source of information —taking poison and deeper root rather from the cun- |

The minute attention which this highly popular actress pays to rhe-

graphic from its very downright plainness.

of the 62d Regiment, nephew and Military Secretary to Sir Charles Napier, G.C.8., | aged 29 He was tleson of Major-General Sir George Napier, late Governor of the Cape of Good Hope.

On the 29th inst. at 13 Wyndham place, Commander George Keith Ogilvy, R.N., son of the late Read-Admiral Sir William Ogilvy, Bart.

On the 21st inst. at Broadstairs, Emily Cecil, second daughter of the Hon. Colonel and Mrs Anson, aged 12 years.

On the 2ist inst. at his residence, 110 Blackfriars road, where he had carried on the business of a pawnbroker for upwardsof 30 years, Mr Robert Archbutt, in the 62nd year of his age

On the 22d inst. aged 73, of Cambridge.

On the 21st inst. at Castle Upton, county of Antrim, aftera very short illness, Viscount Templetown, in the 76th year of his age,

On the 6th inst at Stockholm, Lady Augusta Bonde, aged 24, second daughter of the late, and s ster of the present, Earl of Munster.

On the 4th ult. at sea, from an attack of fever, W. A. Hamer, Esq. late Joseph Hamer, Esq. of Demerara.

On the 28th ult. at Madrid, of cholera, Frederick Grant, Esq On the 17th inst., at Liverpool, Mr Henry John Parnell, youngest son of the late Mr

Parnell, of Botolph lane, London. On Saturday last, in the S4th year of his age, at his residence, Farringdon, Berks,

Lieut-Colonel William Jones, Equerry to the Duke

eldest son of the

“Hiterature.

Trape anp TravenL In THE Far East; or, Recollections of Twenty- One Years passed in Java, Singapore, Australia, and China. By G. F. Davinpson. London: Madden and Malcolm. 1846.

Tuts is an interesting and really useful work, and only proves the truth of that which has been often said, namely, that if one were to note down every thing that occurs to one in passing through an ordi- narily eventful life, it would form one of the most entertaining books ever written,

Mr Davipson is, we presume, a Scotchman, and, like the majority of the thrifty and adventurous men of Tweed, left his country to better himself. He has been more than 20 years absent in vdrious parts of the world, and the pages now before us were written to be- guile the tediousness of a long voyage from Hong Kong to England, during the spring and summer of 1844. ‘The whole was penned with the paper on the author's knee, for want of a desk, amid continual interruptions from three young children lacking amusement during

~~

1259 their long confinement, on ship board, and of course with a perpetua! liability to be pitched leeward, paper and all. The sketches were drawn entirely from memory. ‘Though, therefore, they may not be minutely, and to the very letter, correct, yet we have little doubt that they are so in the main features, for Mr Davipsow appears an observant, as he is certainly a shrewd and practical man. ‘That Mr Davip- son's wanderings have been neither few nor inconsiderable will appear from the following brief statement. different square-rigged vessels, has trod the plains of Hindostan, the wilds of Sumatra, and the mountains of Java. He has strolled among the beautiful hills and dales of Singapore and Penang, has | galloped among the forests and plains of Australia, has passed through | the labyrinth of reefs forming ‘Torres Straits, and has visited the far- famed Celestial Empire. ‘The notices which such an observant man is capable of giving regarding the openings for trade in the east, on the question of emigration, &c., should be, and we have little doubt will be, acceptable to those interested, not merely in the extension of | British commerce, but in the well-being of distant colonies, and new

and rising communities of men. Indeed, some of the suggestions of Mr Davipson have already been anticipated. The coal mines of Borneo have been taken advantage of by her Majesty’s government, in the very way pointed out by Mr Davipson in observations written at sea two years ago.

The feasibility, too, of the navigation of Torres Straits, from west to east, which had struck Mr Davipson long since, has engaged the attention of those professionally competent to form a correct judgment. Captain I. BLackwoop, commander of her Majesty’s ship Fly, at present employed iu surveying the coast of New Holland, the straits and parts adjacent, has expressed his determination, after refitting at Singapore, to endeavour to enter the Pacific ocean during the north- west monsoon, by sailing through Torres Straits from the westward.

If this passage be found practicable, it will not only shorten the distance between Australia and our Indian territories, but, in the opinion of Mr Davipson, contriiute more than anything else could do, to facilitate the transit of the overland mail to Sydney.

The Australians, it appears, are bent upon discovering an overland route from the present frontiers of the colony to Port Essing- ton; but on this subject the opinion of Mr. Davipson is not very sanguine.

The first chapter of Mr Davipson’s book contains a description of Java. ‘The first impressions of the author are vividly given, and his description of the narrow feeling of the Dutch government is

Of the climate of Java, Mr Davipson gives no such unfavourable accounts as we are led to expect. The pleasant months of the year in Batavia, it appears, are June, July, and August, when the sun is to the northward: Mr Davrpson has frequently found a blanket necessary at this season, and he remarks that the nights throughout Java are generally’ sufficiently cool to allow the European to enjoy a refreshing sleep, after which he will find no difficulty in getting through a hot day.

The public health is generally good fiom May till September inclusive. In Apriland October, strangers, particularly the recently arrived European, are apt to suffer from colds and fever, caused by the breaking up of the Monsoon, which takes place in those months.

In November or December, the N.\V. monsoon brings on the rains, which come down in torrents, and render the city a charnel house for those poor natives and Chinese who are compelled to remain in it.

Of the fruits of Java, Mr Davidson is lavish in the praise. ‘The choicest are the mangistan, the durian, the pumaloe, and the shad- dock. ‘The first is unknown beyond eight degrees from the equator, and is the best tropical fruit. It is about the size of an orange, its rind of a deep purple, and its pulp divided into parts like the contents of an orange, but in colour it is white as the driven snow.

In fever, liver-complaint, or consumption, the patient may cool his parched tongue with this delicious fruit. ‘The rind when dried and made into tea is an excellent tonic, and is often successfully used in cases of dysentry by native and European practitioners. Our readers have often read of the sagacity of the elephant, but anecdotes are by no means so common of his sense of aninjury. Take the following as an example :—

REVENGE OF AN ELEPHANT. “In the Cratan the Sultan had, in 1824, three noble elephants, each kept un-

der a separate shed. I went, with three other visitors, to see those animals ; and we passed some time amusing ourselves by giving them fruit and other dainties. We did not remark, however, that one of our friends had been for some time teasing one of them, by offering him a plantain, and constantly withdrawing it just as the poor animal was laying hold of it with his trunk. We had not gone twenty yards from the spot, when the elephant’s}keeper approached, ad gave him a couple of cocoa nuts (minus the husk, but with the slells,—part of his daily food, I presume. The elephant took one of these, and, with a wicked look at the gentleman who had been teasing him, threwthe nut at him with great force. Fortunately he missed his aim. The nut struck a post within six inches of the teaser’s head, and was literally smashed ; had it struck where doubtless it

was meant todo, it would certainly have proved as fatal as an eighteen pound shot. So much for teasing elephants. We beat a speedy retreat, not choosing to risk a second shot.”

Java is, it appears, filled with alligators. That these animals are more dangerous to Europeans than to natives the following anecdote sufficiently proves :—

“Tn my enumeration of animals dangerous to man, I omitted the alligator which infests every river and muddy creek in Java, and grows to a very large size. At the mouth of the Batavia river, they are very numerous and dangerous, particularly to Europeans. It strikes one as extraordinary, to see the copper coloured natives bathing in the river within view of a large alligator: they

never seem to give the animal a thought, or to anticipate injury from his prox- imity. Yet, were a European to enter the water by the side of the natives, his minutes in this world would be few. I recollect an instance that occurred on the occasion of a p»rty of troops embarking at Batavia for the eastward, during the Java war. The men had all gone off, with the exception of three sergeants, who

were to followin the ship's jolly boat, which was waiting for them at the wharf, two of them stepped into the boat; but the third, in follow ng, missed his footing, and fell with his leg in the water, and his body over the gunwale of the boat. In less than an instant, an alligator darted from under the wharf, and

He has crossed the ocean in 40 |

|

a a er ee eee

naan

1260

seized the unfortunate man by the leg, while his companions in the boat laid

hold of his shoulders. The poor fellow called out to his friends, ‘ pull ; hold on ;

dont let go ;’ but their utmost exertions were unavailable. The alligator proved

the strongest, and carried off his prize. The scene was described to me by a

bystander, who said, he could trace the monster's course all the way down the river with the victim in bis immense mouth.”

Slavery, it appears, still exists in Java, and every Dutch family has its domestic slaves. ‘The law prohibitsa slave-owner from separating a family, so that the wife and husband cannot be se parate od from each other, or from their children, except in case of a crime having been committed by a member of the family. In that case the guilty party is sold to the highest bidder. To the honour of the Dutch, be the testimony of Mr Davrpson recorded, that the slaves of Java are ex- cellently well-treated. They are well-fed and well-clothed, and adults of both sexes receive a monthly allowance of two gilders, 3s 4d, under the name of pocket money.

Though a great trave ller, Mr Davinsown tells us no strange travellers, or incredible’stories ; on the c mtrary, he dissipates some of the illusions of former travellers, and among others that touching the upas tree, as will appear by the following passage :—

THE ECONOMIST. . [ Sept. 26, ———___..

European vesse's, instead of passing, as hitherto, through the hands of the Singa- pore merchants. Whenever a new mart is opened, there is no want of men, money, or ships to take advantage of it; and we can place pepper from Borneo, | and rice from Bally, in any port on the coast of China, for less money, by carry- | ing them the re direct from the place of growth, than the Chinese can by carrying them from Singapore in their celia These vessels only make one voyage in the |

year, whereas a square-rigged vessel can make three with and it is on

account of the greater service performed by the latter, that she can carry goods |

to market cheaper than a junk. I repeat, therefore, that I think the trade of Singapore has reached its maximum; and that the town has attained to its

highest point of importance and prosperity. Indeed, itis at this moment rather over-built.”

ease ;

Many of our recent travellers complain of the ¢ hic: unery of eastern traders : but who has t aught them that chicane ‘ry? We confess we have always ourselves thought that the Christian white man, the English and American, have had the largest hand in it, and this is | the view taken by our author.

In speaking of Suinatra and the pepper trade of Padang, we find the following obse ‘rvations :

'

| PEPPER TRADE OF PADANG.

“ The pepper trade of the ports to the northward of Padang, has ceased tobe a | } THE UPAS TREE. : f profitable one, and is now neglected. European shipmasters used to complain

Before quitting Java, I mu t cay & wor l =o ; 1e far sets tree. | bitterly of the roguery practised upon them by the native dealers; but who Such a tree certainly exists on the island ; but the tales that are told of its poi- taught the native his roguish tricks? Who introduced false weights? Who soning the air for hundreds of yards round, so that birds dare not approach it, brought to the coast 56lb weights with a screw in the bottom, wh ch opened for

| that vegetation is destro nl beneath i's branches, and that man cannot come | the insertion of from ten to fifteen pounds of lead, after their correctness had been || # ’ ne are ctly ridiculous T ° eir surdity, : . : “ape : . . “ie ;

| near it with impunity, are perfectly mdi ulou lo prove their absurdity, a | ried by the natire in comparison with his own weights? Who made it a regular | rs ? ant » elimha . nas tree ‘ ad asse " urs i its ré ich < . . m : .

friend of mine climbed up a upas tree, and pass d two hours in its branche rule, in their transactions with the native dealer, to get 130 catties of pepper to | where he took his lunch and smoked a cigar. The tree, however, does contain | ihe pecul, thus cheating him of thirty per cent of his properry? I challenge con-

poison, and the natives extract the sap, with which they rub their spears and tradiction, when I assert, that English and American shipmasters have for —_ ladec: ¥ unde inflicte vith blades t sft i » 2 orts Sucl . 1 s | Ariss blades: wounds inflict« 1 with bl: - thu — are m — 7 hI} y lirty years been addicted to all these dishonest practices rhe cunning and

| believe e the origin of the many fabulous stories that have passed from hs + of : ’ elieve to be the origin of the many fa yulous stories that have passe igs iand | deceit of the native traders, at the pepper ports of Sumatra, have been taught ot hand, and from generation to generation, about the upas tree of Java. their Christian visitors. a ”

| very difficult to keep afloat when laden Little can be said in favour of the na- c

tives of the sea coast of Borneo, which is, and has been for ages, the haunt of | PCDSS of the place. , 5. 7 } || pirates. Many vessels, particular'y native proas, have been plundered, and I rovince W ellesley is, according to Mr Davipson, one of the best | || their crews murdered or carried into slavery, by the marauders of this inhospita spots for the cultivation of sugar. || ble shore; and it is not twenty years since a Visit to it was considered as highly Our author transports us from Penang to Calcutta, which he visited

Of Borneo Mr Davipson thus speaks :-— its vast extent and immense internal

but a limited external bB from

Proper, visit Singapore r, from May tili October, and bring with black pepper, Malay camphor, gold dust, rattans, &c. Most wretched are, and, acc by their hakodas

tanding

trad

eviTy yea

“ Borneo, notwiths wealth, has

ats Sambas, Pontianack, and Borneo

them

Leats they given to me commanders) yrding to the accounts

dangerous even in a well armed vessel. Whole fleets of piratical boats ascend

them by nd forced upon them in self-defence

Mr Davipson describes Malacca as a place of not the slightest importance, either as a military position or as a trading mart. The settlement he says is a burthen to the East Iadia Company, as its 1 venues do not pay half its expenses. We also find it stated that the revenue of Penang, derived from

the same sources as that of Singapore, falls short of the annual ex- |

for the first time in 1829. ‘The feeling he experienced on first making | from time to time the rivers of this is'and, and plunder the native villages, car- | the land at the mouth of the Hooghly was extreme disappointment. |

|| Tying off the females and children as slaves, murdering the adult males, and | ‘he dreary and desolate appearance of the land about and below

|| setting fire to the houses. The proceedings of these vagabonds have received | Kedgeree, forcibly strikes a stranger arriving from Java, Singapore, }| some severe checks, of late years, from the operations of a spirited and enterpris- | and Penany ‘ a i | ing individual, Mr James Brooke, whose well-known zeal and activity are be- It ie een Renate 4 by Me Davideon =

1 yond all praise. An occasional visit also from one of her Majesty’s ships, has | “5 ar ; Pa , 5 ee ’ || done much good; and the recent operations of Capt. Keppel of the Dido, gave | “ The very sight is almost enough to bring on the ague; and the abominably |

them a check they will not soon get over. The ascertained existence of exten- | filthy water of the holy stream heightens the feeling of disgust. From Kedgeree

|| sive veins ofc on the banks of the river of Borneo Proper, will render that | Diamond harb vur, the view on the low banks of the river improves but little. | || neighbourhood of great importance, on the completion of the line of steam com- | Above Diamond harbour, the river banks are somewhat higher, buildings are

|| munication from Cey!on to Hong Rong, via Singapore. I believe there is no | More numerous, and the country appeirs more cleared and brought under culti- || doubt either as to the arse quantity of coal to be had there, or as to its supe- | Vation. On arriving at Garden reach, the stranger may begin to imagine that | || rior quality. But, upon the subject of Borneo, I shall have a few words more to | 20t wholly without reason Calcutta has acquired the proud title of the “ City of

say hereafter. Palaces.’ From the lower part of this reach, on the right, the river bank is laid “The trade between Calcutta and the Straits settlements, is both extensive | Out in large g»rdens, each with a handsome mansion in its centre ; and the whole |

{| and important. Vessels from the Hooghly visit Singapore throughout the year, | ®¢ene speaks of opulence and sy lendour, Of late years, these magnificent resi- bringing large supplies of raw cotton, Indian cotton goods, opium, wheat, & dences have been much neglected, and what was once the most fashionable part

In return, they carry back large quantities of gold dust, tin, pepper, s»go, gam- | of the suburbs, has been nearly deserted by the great folk. The reason assigned | {| bia, and treasure. It is no unfrequent occurrence, to find the Singapore market for this is, that the river, in very wet seasons, overflows its banks, breeding mala- |

pretty nearly cleared of the circulating medium after the departure of two or | Ta and fever, from which, at the time of my second visit, the inhabitants suffered

three clippers for the ‘City of Palaces.’ Indeed, treasure and gold dust are, in | Nota little. For a year or two, these mansions stood empty ; but, when I last | | | mine cases out of ten, the only safe remittance from the Straits of Malacca, to | &4W them, in 1840, th y were ne arly all occupied by mercantile ‘men, who find |

|| Calcutta; and those who remit in other modes, frequently sustain heavy losses, the m pleasant retreats from the bustle of the city, and seem willing to brave the

|| which not only affect the individuals concerned, but check the trade gene- | Chance of fever. On ap, roaching the head of Garden Reach, the stranger all at | || arlly.” | once beholds Fort Willtam and the town of Calcutta spread out before him ; i Of the climate of Sin gwapore and its trade he thus discourses :-— | and a splendid view it is Should he arrive in the month of November or De-

i ; , | eember, he will behold, perhaps, the finest fleet of merchant shipping the world | P CLIMATE AND TRADE OF SINGAPORE. _ | could produce. Here are seen, besides the flag of Old England, those of Ame- |

| “ Of the state of th biie health in singapere, I am able to report most fa- | rica, France, Holland, Spain, Portugal, and Arabia. I must not forget to men- | |} yours ly. Let any one go there , d see the European resid nts of sixteen and | tion the floating taverns or large passenger ships, which carry home from twenty | tw nty years st ing, at 1 he will be . to juc dge for himself. During an to forty passengers every voyage ; and besides the fleet of large ships, the river

eee a of eighteen years with this part of the world, I have never | presents steamers, pleasure boats, and native craft of all sorts and sizes, from i ra oe, oe s a - “4 vail 3 oe ver heard of more than on¢ European | the gay budgerow, to the wretched and more than half rotten dhingy. The scene | | dying of cholera, or of more than three Europeans being attacked with that has, however, its drawbacks. The stranger is shocked and disgusted as the sight |

|| disease ; never knew but one or two cases of liver-complaint in which the suf- | of some half-dozen dead bodies floating down the river, in all stages of decom- | ferers had not their own imprudence to thank for the attack ; and, as far as my position, some with a vulture perched_on them, gorging himself as he floats down

|| memory serves me, cannot reckon up twodeaths among the European-inhabitants | the stream on his hideous raft. Government has placed people above the town, | || in that long period. Some one may here whisper, ‘ Look at the state of your Sin- | for the express purpose ofsinking dead bodies and similar nuisances ; but they || gapor burying ground.” My reply is, that it is filled by the death of numbers | pave not succeeded in effecting their object. The last time I went up the

|| who have, from time to time, arrived from Caleutta and other parts of ™ lia ina | river, four human corpses passed my boat between Kradd’s Dock and || dying state, and who would have died six mnths sooner, had they not come to | Colvin’s Grant, a distance of two miles.

breathe the pu r of Singapo On this nt, I boldly challenge contradic- | “Nothing strikes the stranger, on landing for the first time in Calcutta, so tio . ; | much as the extraordinary aggregation of ‘palaces and mansions, crdinary

“As to 7 | prospects of this island, I have some misgivings. The | dwelling houses, warehouses, shops, bazaars, stibles, huts, and hovels, all rece it oo I yy her M ijesty’s government, of the British colony of Ho mingled together in glorious confusion, a few streets forming the only exception

Mong, and ung of the northern ports on the coast of China, will, I fear his is a great eye sore even to the od resident. I know no part of the world ve its « nerce a chi indeed, it seems inevitable that it should suffer froin | where society is divided into so many ranks and classes as it is here, nor where |}

these causes W! we cons the vast importance of pes Chinese junk trade | pride and p mp hold their heads higher. To hear some of the great ones of tiis te Singay and tal in'o accoun the cheaper rate we can supply them, now | ¢jty talk, you would think they had sprung froma long line of princely, or, at

t I ris . ; 3, with eve -ommod ity th A le ast, of noble ancestors. It is often observed, however, that they seldom or never |

|| the Malay islands, t risk, tr vt nd expense th y will save mention their immediate progenitors, nor the whereabouts of their birth place, their wants or posing of t rilu in th rbours of | which, in nine cases out of ten, wou'd be found to be some humble cottage on

|| Ningpo, Foo ¢ , or Amoy, instead of undertaking the long vo; | the bank of a modest brook in England, or burn in Scotland. The more obscure traits of Malacca for that pur ‘ at a loss to conceive on what grounds | or Jowly their or igin, the more difficult of access they are generally found

|}; the sanguil xpectat int t ning of ( a will do Singapore rhe real gentleman is easily discovered by his sup ‘or bree ling and genuine no h Some of its merchants lently share in my anticipation, as they urbanity : : have } t ts f ng « shments at Hong Kong, in orde1 7 = . . , my to selves of the change they expect to take place in the course of th _ ‘The details resp cling Acra farm are, we confess, new tous. The

|| trad It will not be 1 ! probably, the nex’, that this change wil] | farnr is thus described :—

take pla but, that it 1 t mately ¢ e to pass, I can seem no room to ACRA FARM, NEAR CALCUTTA. doubt o is situated some twelve or fifteen miles below Calcutta I visited

“In other brane sing re will, probabl t suffer so much | it a +, while waiting in a ship for the flood tide ; and its proprietor gave from the ( I t I] suffer me r less. It is ex- m it reception Mr Wakefie d has completely established the

trem ke'y, t ge |] I nd I k, the pepper | practicability of curing meat all through the year in this climate, so as to keep of Be t 1 b rried direct to China in | ats for t fle told me, he killed 25 hogs per annum ; and, on

—

1846. ] THE ECONOMIST. 1261

my asking whether he suspended operations during the hot months, his reply was, ‘No, we go on at all seasons.’ I can vouch for the goodness of the hams, bacon, sausages, lard, &c. &c., which he exports, and shall be very glad if these remarks shou'd lead a purchaser to his door. The muddy creeks near Acra farm

swarm with alligators (whether attracted by the smell of blood or not, I cannot say), and they occasionally become very troublesome. The day before my visit, Mr Wakefield had had a mortal combat with one sixteen feet long, which he succeeded in destroying single-handed, and had brought home in proof of his prowess.”

From Calcutta Mr Davidson transports us—we mean no pun—to New South Wales, which Mr Davidson contends should be a rice and

a sugar-growing country. ‘That it will be an extensive wine growing country, Mr D. conceives there is no room to @oubt.

Its vineyards are magnificent both for the abundance and variety of their produce. Mr Davidson is acquainted with two proprietors, who have been for years in the practice of making wine of different sorts, but principally of the lighter kinds resembling Rhenish.

Mr D. speaks of these wines as being very palatable in the summer months, We have ourselves tasted samples of some of them in the City of London, and entertain no doubt whatever that a considerable portion of these growths is sold as small Rhenish.

In this age of steam and rail, Mr Davidson is mindful of the Indian mail. <A great anxiety prevails in Australia to secure the advantage of its conveyance, and the following plan is proposed by Mr D. for effecting the object :—

“On the arrival of the mail at Port Essington, from Singapore, why should it

not be sent to Sydney in a steamer by sea, via Captain King’s inner passag through Torres’ Straits, instead of adopting the far more expensive and uncertain

overland route formerly mentioned. This may seem a bold, and, to most people, an extraordinary suggestion ; the plan is, however, in my opinion, practicable at all seasons of the year, though more particularly so during the fine or

south-east monsoon. I have sailed through Torres’ Straits, and would not hesi-

tate a moment to undertake to carry a powerful steamer from Port Essington to Sydney, through the admirably surveyed channel just mentioned. During the south-east monsoon, from April to September, the wind would be against her ;

but she would have the benefit ef moderate and clear weather, and find no dif-

ficulty in seeing and evading every danger. In the north-west monsoon, the steamer would have a fair wind, but hazy weather, with frequent squalls to contend against. The thick weather would undoubtedly be a disadvantage, as it would render objects less easily distinguishable ; but then, the strong north-west winds and squalls would knock up a heavy sea, which would make the water break on every reef, thereby rendering them easily both seen and heard in the

thickest weather. Oa the coast of Sumatra, I have heard the breakers seven miles off. Allowing that they can be heard half that distance, this would give a steamer plenty of time and space to keep clear of them. Running in the night would, of course, be out of the question in any season. It appears to me, that there is as much real dangerin beating through the Palaware passage in Novem ber and December, which dozens of vessels do every year, as there possibly could be to a steamer in passing to and fro between Port Essington and Sydney, at any season of the year, by King’s inner passage. ‘The weather in the Palaware, during the months I have mentioned, is as thick and stormy as can well be imagined ; and the reefs, shoals, and other perils of navigation are numerous enough. The best route for passengers proceeding to Australia from Suez, would be via Ceylon, whence a steamer would run down south soutli-east to the fortieth parallel of south latitude in thirteen days, under steam: then she would get the prevailing strong westerly winds, which would take her under canvas to Hobart Town in ten or twelve days: let her stop two days there to take in coal and land passengers, and, in three days more, she would bein Sydney. By this route, the passenger for Sydney would find himself at his journey’s end in sixty-three or sixty-five days from Southampton, while the mail via Marseilles would be of four days shorter date. I have my doubts, indeed, whether New South Wales is in

a position to bear the expense of such a plan: it certainly could not be a profitable venture for years to come; and whether the colonists would be willing to be so much per annum out of pocket, in the meantime, remains to be seen.”

From New South Wales Mr D. launches his bark to China, and thus describes the Portuguese settlement of

MACAO, “Since the war with China broke out, Macao, which had greatly declined

from its ancient importance, has thriven, and many of its citizens have become wealthy in conse,uence of the British trade to China being thrown by circumstances into its harbour. The local government have taken advantage of the times, to improve the town, to re-pave the streets, to build a new and handsome custom house, and to make other improvements at John Bull’s expense. The Portuguese inhabitants of Macao amount to about five thousand, not two hundred of whom ave of pure European blood. The general

population are, with a few exceptions, of a mongrel breed; a mixture of Chinese, Portuguese, and Negroes, which it is difficult to describe. Nine- tenths of them are very poor, but all of them are very proud, and fond of show and dress. It is quite amusing to sce the pompous strut of the men on a Sunday, as they walk to mass in their ill-made silk coats, with gold headed sticks in hand, Both men and women are the worst favoured race I ever saw: their flat, unme ining countenance, small, lack-lustre eyes, strong, upright, black hair, resembling hogs’ bristles more than aught else, and yellow skins, form a tout ensemb/e any thing but pleasing. The men adopt the European fashion. The ladies wear the mantilla; and the women of the poorer classes wear a petticoat and small jacket, generally of British chintz,with a mantilla ofcoarser material. The very poorest of them may be scen, on Sunday morning, going to mass in silk stockings. The wealthier Portuguese reside in large and comfortable houses, but the lower orders inhabit wretched hovels, and suffer very severely

from sickness, particularly the small pox, a scourge that carried off, during the winter and spring of 1842-3, one thousand people,—just a fifth of the whole Portuguese population. Their habits are idle and dirty. 1 am_ not aware, indeed, of ever having seen a more filthy town than Macao. No one

seems to think that the streets were made for any other purpose than to

serve as reservoirs fur all the filth of the houses that line them. Heaps of abominable rubbish are seen here and there, which would be still more numerous were it not for the occasional heavy rains which wash down the steep streets, and carry off the accumulated masses to the sea. <A few days before

| Chri tmas 1842, the town underwent a general sweeping, an event that did | not take place again till that time twelvemouth. The other inhabitants of Macao are, Chinese, negroes, and a few English and Americans. The Chinese here are nearly all of the lower orders, and, for the most part, are not over-

scrupulous how they get their living: in proof of which I may mention that

four highway robberies, accompanied with violent assault, took place in the immediate neighbourhood, in open day, during the stay of six weeks which I made there in the autumn of 1842. The shopkeepers and boatmen are all Chinese ; and among them may be found some as thorough-bred scoundrels as ever dis-

graced humanity.

}

|

Having spent 12 months in Hong Kong, we of course look for Mr Davidson's opinion of the settlement. He thus speaks of it :—

“A decisive proof of the eligibility of Hong Kong as a place of trade, and of its importance in the eyes of the Chinese themselves, is afforded by the immense

sums paid by some of them for ground on which to build Hongs, where they can deposit their goods with safety, beyond the reach of their grasping Mandarins. This advantage to a China man is something so new, and so far beyond anything

he ever dreamed of enjoying, that I conceive the benefits likely to accrue from it

to Hong Kong to be incalculable. “ Goods stored in Canton or Macao, the property of a Chinaman, were never

safe in the event of their owner getting into trouble with the Chinese authorities ; *

aud, if the property of foreigners, the y could not be insured against fire, the risk

arising from the universal carelessness of the Chinese, and the consequent very frequent occurrence of extensive conflagrations, being considered too great by

the underwriters. Both these difficulties are completely obviated in Hong Kong,

and every substantially built house and warehouse, together wit!: the property in them, were insured against fire, prev iously to my quitting the island. One China-

man had, in March last, completed buildings for the storeage of property collected from the different ports on the coast, on which upwards of 40,000 dollars had been laid out, and what is more, they were already well filled.

“As a convenient and safe depot for opium (a trade, in my opinion, as quite legitimate and honourable as that in brandy, gin, and other spirits), Hong Kong | is admirably situated; the purchaser from the western ports, as well as from the north-eastern, finds the distance he has to travel moderate, and, on his arrival, has no one to dread, no mandarin daring to show his face on shore. The ships that bring the drug from India here find a safe and commodious harbour, where they can unload their cargoes in open day, without hinderance or molestation, and where they are not driven to the necessity of carrying on their operations in the dark. Were the opium trade actually one of mere smuggling, I would be as ready as any one to condemn it, and to raise my

voice against those concerned in it ; but when one considers that not a hundredth part of the quantity sold annually is really smuggled—that ninety-nine chests out of every hundred pay a heavy duty (miscalled a bribe)—that the Chinese government derives from it indirectly, but not the less certainly, a very considerable revenue—and finally that large quantities of it are known to be consumed within the walls of the imperial palace at Pekin--I confess I see no reason for the clamorous indignation with which this traffic has of late been assailed by

European moralists.” With the following description of Canton we must conclude our

extracts from this amusing and instructive volume :— “ Of the immense city itself, the home of a million of souls, what account can

a traveller give, who has seen little more of it than the portion inhabited by fureigners ? 1 must say a few words, however, about that part of it which I have seen.

“TI begin with the foreign factories. These buildings stretch along the left bank of the river about three quarters of a mile (or, rather, they did so, for one-

half of them have recently been destroyed by fire), and extend back about two hundred yards. They are large, substantially built, and comfortable houses ;

but those situated behind the front row, must be (indeed I know they are) oppres-

sively hot residences in the summer season. The space between the factories

and the river is reserved for a promenade, where foreiguers may take a little re- creation after their day’s work. Although but a limited space, it is valuable. Here, in the evening, may be seen Englishmen, Americans, Frenchmen, Spaniards, Dutchmen, Portugu:se, Parsees, Moslem, and Hindoos; all enjoying the evening breeze, and talking over the affairs of the day or the news

brought by the last overland mail, while a crowd of Chinese coolies surround the square, gaping with noisy wonder at the strangers attired in all the costumes of

Europe and Asia. The streets principally resorted to by foreigners are, China street (old and new) and Carpenter’s square. In the former, a very choice col-

lection of Chinese articles may be purchased, either in the way of curiosities or of valuab'e merchandise. In Carpenter’s square, the new-comer may fit himself out with everlasting trunks, dressing-cases, &c.; or, if in search of furniture, he

may here, in half an hour, furnish his house with well-made, substantial articles. The houses in these streets are all of two storeys, with very narrow

frontage, ground being valuable. A large quantity of timber is used in their construction, which renders any chance fire in this city so very destructive. The streets in Canton are all very narrow, most of those I have seen not exceeding six or seven feet in width: the two China streets are probably twelve feet wide. The city does not cover half the space which a European one with the same

population would do. Its streets, from their want of breadth, always appear and indeed always are crowded ; and the unwary passenger is very liable to get

knocked down by some heavily laden porter running against him, if he does not keep a sharp look-out. Like Macoa, it is infested with loathsome beggars, who are, if possible, still more clamorous in their demands for charity than those of that place. Here, the stranger will be surprised to see dogs, cats, and rats, hawked about, dead and alive. I do not say that these animals form the daily food of the people of Canton, but they are daily and hourly hawked about its streets, and purchased by the poorer classes. The Canton market is, nevertheless, remarkably well supplied with the good things of this life; and the Euro- pean who cannot live and be contented with the provisions procurable in it, must be hard to please. By nine o'clock at night, this huge city is perfectly quiet, and nine-tenths of its inhabitants are wrapped in sleep. At either end of each street is a gate, which is shut at that hour, and ingress or egress put a stop to for the night. This regulation, as may be supposed, is an excellent check upon night robbers, whose peregrinations can extend no further than the end of the street they live in. Another equally sa'utary regulation is that which makes the inhabitants of a street responsible for each other’s g od conduct. Thus, if A’s servant steals anything from B, A must make good the loss. Prowl- ing being put a stop to during the night, I have seen robberies attempted and detected during the day; and I certainly never saw a poor thief treated elsewhere with such unre'enting cruelty. A Chinaman seems to have no mercy for a thief; nor is this feeling to be wondered at in an over peopled country, where | all have to work for their bread, and where idlers are sure to starve. During

the winter in Canton the lower classes suffer severcly from cold : they are poorly | fed, and worse clothed, and hundreds of them may be seen about the streets shivering and looking the very picture of absolute wretchedness. Amongst these, a few old women may be seen sitting by the sides of the streets earning a scauty subsistence by mending and patching the clothes of people as poor as themselves. These poor women having all undergone the barbsrous operation of cramping the feet during infancy, are consequently unable to undertake anything but sedentary employment to gain their bread.”

“ The inhabitants of Canton and its vicinity have displayed, since the war, more hostile feeling tuwards Englishmen than those entertained by the natives of any of the northern ports. rhey still affect to believe that Sir Hugh

Gough durst not attack their city; and it is perhaps to be regretted that he

i

STEREOS SS CE

was hindered from showing his strength on that occasion. Several riots and two extensive fires among the foreign factories have taken place since that time; and it is the opinion of many persons that, before long, Canton will re-

quire a lesson such as Amoy, Ning-po, and oiher places have received.

That the first of the two fires alluded to was the work of incendiaries there is

am

5 SER RET ET SR

ee eee. eet — ———_— eee ee

————— eee ee

nS <

i TA... sino ‘

—— —

1262 THE ECONOMIST. [Sept. 26, no doubt; and so well satisfied were the native authorities upon this point that they made good the losses sustained by foreigners on the occasion.”

We trust Mr Davidson may. be induced to give us another volume of Trade and Travel—a combination at once pleasing and profitable.

Britisx Consuis Aproap: their Origin, Rank, and Privileges, Duties, Jurisdiction, and Emoluments ; including the Laws, Orders in Coun- cil, and Instructions by which they are governed, as well as those relating to Shipowners and Merchants in their connexion with Consu’s. By Robert Fywn, Barrisier-at-Law. London: Effingham Wilson. 1846.

We opened this volume with something of eager hope, and closed it with grievous disappointment. That it has a certain value we by no means mean to deny, for it is compendious and portable; but it is no more what it purports to be on the title page than it is a treatise on the “Sublime and Beautiful.” Mr Fyn, it appears, visited, in the years 1841-2-3-4, nearly every British consulate in the Levant, and finding a general demand for a treatise relative to the duties and jurisdiction of consul, resolved, ou his return home in 1845, to write one. The work which he has produced is now before us, and it is presented to the world under the influential auspices of the General Shipowners’ Society. If Mr Fynw had not told us, in the third person, mores multorum hominum vidit et urbes, we certainly never should have inferred it from this production, for the work might have been written by a person who had never been beyond the sound of Bow Bell. The information it contains is of the most common-place character, and has been compiled from various and unacknowledged sowrees. Mr Fynw boasts that his work is the first in the English language which has ever treated of the consular system. But in this statement he commits a very grievous error, un-

pardonable in a person having the least pretensious to research or scholarship. The work of Warpen on consular establishments, a countrymen of Mr Fywnn’s (for we presume he is Irish), was published exactly thirty-three years ago, and it contains much more valuable information than Mr Fynn’s book. The work of Beawes, we mean the Lex Mercatona, was published at least seventy years ago, and it contains a chapter on consuls, from which Mr Fyww has taken all that is valuable in his compilation, without the least acknowledgment. Morrimer, formeriy Consul at Ostend, added to the information already afforded by Beawes; but on the labours of these men Mr Fywn is silent. Even in works on his own profession, Mr Fynn would have found much useful information on the privileges, duties, and jurisdiction of Consuls, but he has not thought proper to recur to them. We may more especially notice Molloy de dure Maritimo, chap. x, edit. 1707; Blackstone vol. 1; and Lord Coke’s 4th Institute. Even in a work translated fourth edition of which was published so far as 1829, we mean MarTEN’s Law of Nations, Mr Fyxn could have tound a whole chapter devoted to consuls, which he might have read with profit and incorporated with his text. The duties of a consul are, also, incidentally touched upon in the 2nd vol. of Warv’s Law of Nations, in THomas’s Universal Jurisprudence, and in the translation of Varre by MrCuirtry, as well as in that gentleman’s Commercial Law. The claim, therefore, of Mr Fynw to be the first who has treated on the subject, is simply preposterous, and if he puts it forth honestly, affords evidence of a gross ignorance on his part. is hardly a merchant in the city of London who cannot inform him that all the commercial dictionaries, from PorsLewaytTHT to M’Cuttocu, have treated on the subject of consuls, at more or | less length. In M’Cuttocn, nearly every fact put forth by Mr Frwy in 1846,-had been already stated so early as 1832. The foreign works on the subject are abundantly numerous. There are in French, the Institutions Consulaires of Touseavu, the Jurisprudence Consulaire of Roane, Borex, de l’origine et des functions des Consuls, Mister’s Discours sur les Consuls de Martens Recueil, Wicquerort's le parfait Ambassadeur, De Rea and Boucnarn’s Theories des Traites de Commerce ; while in Latin and German there are BYNKERSHOCK de foro legatorum, De Steck Von dem Consul, nandheder Nanouen Moser’s Versuch, Exceitsrecut’s Materialien, Kivit Hist. Federum Belqufederati, Bomers Grunsatze uber die Gesand schaften, Paalzow’s, Handbrich, and many others too numerous to mention. In his first chapter on the origin of the term and office of Consul, Mr Fyww is neither learned nor correct. Into the origin of consular jurisdiction this is not the place to enter, but we apprehend it might be satisfactorily shown that the Greeks had a consular officer who was instructed by a decree of the people to receive and entertain strangers, and to act as a judge and conciliator of the disputes of foreign merchants. The Pretor Mercatorum of the Romans, like the commercial magistrate of the Greeks, decided the disputes of sail- ors in the cabin of the vessel to which they belonged. On these passages of earlier history Mr Fynwn throws no light. In fact he does not allude to them at all, and, likewise unaccountably passes by all that is illustrative of the history and functions of consuls in the middle ages. Not a line is dedicated to the 9th, 10th, or IIth centuries, though in the beginning of the former century the republic of Amalfi framed a regular code, under the title of Laws of Amalfi, which all who navigated the Mediterranean were forced to obey. The first consulate of the middle age was probably established by Roger, ist King of Sicily, who referred all maritime and mercantile affairs and negociations to the direction of two consuls. But, on this subject, as well as the origin of the Consolato del Mar, Mr Fyrww is silent.

From such a compilation, of course, we cannot expect any new or origival views, but we would suppose that Mr Fynn would devote a few sentences to the Hanseatic League, composed, as it originally was, of nearly a hundred consulates extending from the Baltic to the Rhine. But no. Though this famous League was formed for the purpose of exchanging the productions of the north for those of the south, and protecting commerce against the piracies in the Baltic committed by nations who inhabited its borders, and in furtherance of this end had

There |

» | yet Mr Fynn makes no passing allusion to the faet.

| of the United States of

consular establishments in England, Flanders, Norway, and Muscovy,

His sins of omission, indeed, are so numerous that we must with. hold our pen. But, on the other hand, we must say that Mr Fyny has neatly enough abstracted the essence of parliamentary papers, touching the office of consul, and also given the orders in council, and the modern acts of parliament in extenso. But many acts of parliament of consequence, such as certain provisions of the 8 Geo. I, c. 17, sec. 1, 9 Geo. LI, c. 25, the 10 Geo. LI, c. 14; and some others, are omitted ; as well as several very important decisions and leading cases, amongst others the case of the Indian Chief; in 3rq Robinson's Admirally he ports.

The work is, therefore, curt, imperfect, and unlearned, and can never take a place in a professional library, nor be quoted as an authority ; but it may be found useful among mercantile men at home and abroad.

Svuacestions for a Rapid Communication by Steam Navigation and Rail-

By KE. McGeacuy, Crown Surveyor, Jamaica. Smiib Elder, and C

Was. oii

Tuis is a plan for the general junction of railway and steam communication throughout all available parts of the western world.

The author thus unfolds it :

“The countries which it is within the scope of my plan to benefit, are the West India colonies, the United States, the Pacitic, North and South America,

as well as Europe generally. The present steam passages of the Atlantic, the public will remember, are effected by the powerful vessels of Great Britain and

America: consisting of the British and North American

line; those of the United States, and the Royal Mail Company’s fleet of steamers, On the map will be seen the great points of concentration :— namely,

Panama, Jamaica, Havanna, Tampa Bay, Charleston (and Bermuda), Washing-

ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, Boston, and Halifax. From this latter

place, Valencia, or Bantry Bay, in Ireland (the nearest point in Europe), will be | reached in seven or eight days.

by CosBetTtT, a |

}

“It only remains to unite all these points; plan and its benefits will be apparent.

“ Beginning then in the Pacific. We have now a continuous and certain steam communication from many of the principal places, and centering in Pa- nama. Ere long, additional steamers must follow, sweeping the entire Pacific from China to Chili, into this great and interesting focus; which, there can be

little doubt, will be shortly opened to the world, and thus a safe and easy passage from ocean to ocean may be effected in a few hours. Of the easy passage

of the isthmus I speak with confidence ; having, expressly with that view, crossed it in four different directions, early in the year 1845. From the isthmus we have a direct line of the West India mail steamers to Jamaica. At this latter point, from its geographical position, numerous lines are concentrated ; and from it the communication by these steam ships to many parts is already in opera-

tion: namely, to Cuba, Mexico, the Winward islands, Demerara, Bermuda, and

England; and finally to the United States of America, by additional steamers proposed to be put on, and thence northwards by railway to Halifax.

“ The detailed route from Jamaica through the United States and North

America to Halifax, is a very important part of my plan Thus, from Kingston I } ropose a line of railway to the west end of Jamaica; thence by steamer to

Batabano; thence by the railway to Havana. From the Havana, a steamer to Tampa bay; thence a continuous railway to Halifax: a great part of this line is already made, and much of the remainder is in contemplation by Ameri-

can companies. “ The engineering difficulties for a railway from Tampa bay to Halifax are of

a minor character. Such as appeared to me the most difficult I investigated on the spot; and of those which my time did not permit me to examine, I obtained

the most authentic information. Florida is a flat country, interseeted with swamps; but these can be readily avoided. Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and a part of the state of Maine seemed most difficult, but nevertheless practicable. From Charleston, a railread is now projected to Wilmington ; and thence a continuous railway to Portland, unbroken except by some short ferries; which, in the event of the completion of this great line, will easily be overcome.

“ It may here be in place to state the time that would be occupied in travelling by the lines I propose. Commencing then in the Pacific: the voyage from Canton to Panama may be estimated at about six weeks.

“ From New South Wales and New Zealand to Panama weeks,

“ From Panama to Jamaica about four days. “ From Jamaica to New York (by proposed route), five to six days. “So that from Canton to England may be estimated at about nine weeks.

“ From Valparaiso, Lima (Callao), &c., the Pacific company’s steamers form a complete line to Panama. This great focus, geographically and otherwise con-

sidered, seems destined to be an important point in the great highways of the world.

“ The communication from all the West India islands, Demerara, &c., to Ame- rica, and rice versa, would be considerable. The present royal mail line of steamers could, at a very little extra outlay, complete this route; and the distance would be accomplished in from nine to twelve days.

“ Jamaica is so centrally situated that the time of travelling from it may be estimated more minutely. ‘l aking, then, the rate of steamers at ten miles an

hour, and railroads at thirty—and there cannot be a doubt thut ere long these rates will be established where great expedition is required—we have the (maximum) speed as follows :—

From the city of Kingston to the west end of Jamaica will be Hours.

about d

when the whole outline of my

from four to five

Thence to Batabano by steamer, about 44 Batabano to Havanna by railway, do ove ow one 2 Havanna to Tampa Bay by steamer, do. ... ove eee 44 Tampa Bay to New York by railway, do. ... 30 Jamaicato New York, do. win ose ens eee 125 New York to Halifax, do.... ove eos a ons 24 Jamaica to Halifax about... ove ove of 149

days hours lor 6 5

Halifax to Valencia, or Bantry Bay eos ove oe s 0

Jamaica to Ireland one ee oe 14 = §

“ Thus, then, the whole time occupied in the transit from Jamaica to Ireland will be fourteen days five hours; and from New York to the same place about nine days. Of these facts all may convince themselves by an an attentive consideration of the subject; it will be obvious that I refer to the maximum

speed.”

The plan is illustrated by maps, so that the routes are oculis sub- jecta fidelibus.

he

ECT eemnieaeamenneannaaanememaienmamemagnee LEE

THE ECONOMIST. 1846. | BOOKS RECEIVED.

BairTisH Consus Aproapv. By Ropeat Fyny, Ese. Exchange.

The History and Prospects of the Railway System, SipNEY. Edmonds, 154 Strand.

Camp anp Barrack Room; or, The British Army as it is. By A Lats Srarr SERGEANT OF THE [3TH Licut INFantTRY. Chapman and Hall, 186 Strand.

A wew UNIVERSAL ETYMOLOGICAL AND PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LanouaGe. Partil. James Gilbert, 49 Paternoster row.

GiuBert’s Movers Attias. Part7. J. Gilbert, 49 Paternoster row.

Tue Iwv1an Meat Book, comprising the best American Receipts for the various preparations of that Article. By Exviza Lesuiez, of Philadelphia, Author of « American Domestic Cookery,” §c. London: Smith, Elder, andCo. Dublin: Cumming and Ferguson. 1846.

Tr1s little volume contains about sixty receipts for different preparations of Indian meal, some of which we have no doubt are very palatable, and all of

which may be found useful in the threatened dearth. Maize, or Indian corn, is now admitted to be the best and most available substitute for the potato, and

we should be well pleased to see some of the authoress’ brown Johnny, buckwheat, and Virginia cakes, introduced into Ireland. ‘The buckwheat cakes are already known in Normandy, and the girdle cakes, of which Miss Leslie speaks, have long been known in Ireland and Scotland.

Effingham Wilson, 11 Royal

GuaGe EvtpENcs. By SAMvEL

Tue PorTRait GALLERY Or Baitisuh Wortnies, Vol. JX. and Co.

Tus little volume contains six biographies, namely, the lives of Algernon Sid-

ney, William Petty, Thomas Sydenham, Robert Boyle, Richard Baxter, and

Henry Purcell the musician. There are exceedingly well-executed portraits of each of these eminent men. ‘The biographies seem carefully written, though the style is somewhat rugged, and might occasionally be rendered a litt!e more flow- ing, especially in the life of Sir William Petty. The whole scheme of this publication is, however, admirable, and merits every encouragement and approbation at our hands.

London: Charles Knight

Correspondence.

AMERICAN NEWS AND OPINIONS. To the Editor of the Economist

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, August 27, 1846.

Dear Sir,—I had the pleasure to receive several copies of the Lco- nomist from you, per Caledonia, which I found both instructive and interesting.

In No. 149, July 4th, 1846, I noticed an article on “ Education in the United States.” It is full of correct information, and is well worthy the attentive perusal and consideration of your numerous readers. Education is a most important subject to the people of Great Britain, and I trust will soon receive that attention and action on the part of the government it so loudly calls for and richly merits.

The writer of the article I have just mentioned, has presented you with the best portion of educational establishments and systems in this country, relating as it does on the whole to New York, and the Eastern States. Perhaps a few more remarks on the subject will not be unacceptable ; if so, I will take an early opportunity of making some observations on the state and progress of education in Pennsyl- vania.

There is nothing new or exciting here at present, the Oregon question being set at rest, the new tariff, sub-treasury, and warehousing bills passed, and the session of congress over, the members, strangers, and office-seekers are off to their homes or some fashionable summer resort.

The opinion is gaining ground that Mr Buchannan is to be the new ambassador to the court of St James’s, and that Mr Walker is to succeed him as secretary of state.

It is now confidently expected that our difficulties with Mexico are in a fair way for adjustment, that they will be shortly settled by ne- gotiation, we receiving another considerable slice of territory, and paying over two to three millions of dollars.

Our new tariff, which goes into operation on the first of next De- cember, although a very paltry imitation of the policy recently adopted by your government, is, nevertheless, a great improvement upon the old one (the tariff of 1842), and will certainly give your manufacturers more demand for their goods, and a better trade. It is by no means as low ascale of duties as the free traders here, or the members of this government, would have been pleased to see established, but it was all that could be obtained from the two houses, and so they were obliged to be content with it for the present.

The disciples and advocates of the protective, or high tariff system, in this country are very powerful, comprising manufacturers of cotton, woollen, and silk goods, iron founders, machine makers, &c., with their friends and dependants, lawyers, doctors, some misled unedu- cated farmers, and last, but not least, nearly all the parsons of every denomination, some of whom have had the temerity to speak in favour of protection from the sacred altar. Is it not deplorable that ministers of religion, who claim to be so very solicitous for the social, moral, intellectual, and religious elevation of mankind, should oppose the most powerful engine for that purpose, viz., free trade ?

Of all primary missionaries give me the merchants, they begin the good work by ministering to the temporal interests of their fellow- men, and by that means obtain easy access to the good will of barba- rous and uncivilised communities for religious missionaries: m fact, they are the messengers to prepare the way before them. The public mind, however, has received an impulse onward from

the alteration of your corn and provision laws, inquiry is more urgent, correct information is gaining ground, and the agriculturalists of the south, the west, and north-west, will soon begin to experience the beneficial effects of Sir Robert Peel’s measures, and find such arguments in their pockets as will be irresistible at the days of election.

The Whigs of this country resemble very much the Tories of the Richmond order; as a party, they desire monopolies and legislative preferences, they use similar arguments, delight in mystification, are liberal to the press through which they disseminate their fal- lacies and falsehoods, and, at elections, they spare neither money, influence, nor exertions to carry their men. ‘They are busy just now, in attempting to gull the ignorant and unsuspecting, with the

$$$

1263

assertion, that the adoption of free trade principles by your country will not materially benefit the United States, because, say they, England can import corn and provisions from various Eurepean ports cheaper than we can afford to grow them, and to make an appearance of proving what they assert, they take the case of the farmers in this and similar districts, who have paid 70 to 200 dols an acre for their land, or have high rents to pay, who hire labour more or less, who have to purchase iime and mauure, and haul it, and who live in good style and keep servants (helps), and that consequently the United States cannot afford to sell wheat at home, in this market, for less than 100 to 130 cents per bushel. But what is the fact ? who are, and will be, more and more every year, the overwhelming agriculturalists of this great republic? ‘The answer is plain, and it is this: the poor, oppressed, economical, hard-working emigrants, from Germany, Ireland, England, Scotland, and Wales, who have bought their land from the government in the great valley of the Mississippi and the west, at one dollar to one and a half per acre, who do the work themselves, who have no manure to purchase or to haul (for the land is in its primitive richness and needs none), who are content to live on what they produce, and can afford to sell their surplus for next to nothing, for it is all profit to them. True, they have the disadvantage of being a long way from market, but this is not so great as to prevent them from supplying you with large quantities of cheap food, and at the same time raising themselves from the abject condition of European Jabourers to that of respectable and wealthy American citizens.

Whatever the advocates of prohibitions and protections may say, either in Great Britain or this country, the example of your government in relaxing their hitherto restrictive policy, will produce a large amount of good to mankind at large, and add in no trifling degree to the increase and prosperity of this country.

Our elections for members of congress take place the second week in October, when the Protectionists are expected to make a grand rally, with a view to the repeal of the small measure of tariff reform which has only just been effected, but it will not do, the days of protection are numbered, and it is now only a question of time. It may drag on for a while, but go it must and will, only to be remembered for its injustice and its folly.—I am, dear sir, yours respectfully,

Britisu Resivenr.

POTATO PROSPECTS AND THE RAILWAY INVESTMENTS.

To the Editor of the Economist. Leeds, Sept. 24, 1846.

Sir,—I am a constant reader of your valuable and well-conducted journal ; but allow me to say that, in my opinion, you occasionally take a too gloomy view of the state of things in England. I observe that, latterly, you have indulged in desponding anticipations of par- tial famine, chiefly, if not solely, in reference to the potato crop. Within the last tortnight I have had extended opportunities of in- specting the state of that crop in various parts of Yorkshire, and I can assure you, with all truth and sincerity, that the reality of disease is not in truth so bad as the fearful anticipations which have been entertained. Many crops which were imagined to be total failures from the appearance of the shaws or haulms, have proved quite sound, and very many others (by far the majority of cases) are only one-third tainted. I have not heard of one single éoéal failure. The produce altogether I find to be large; and I fully anticipate that, after deducting the diseased portion, the crop of sound potatoes will not prove so very deficient. The yield of wheat I find to be about an average. The quantity of straw is small, but the proportion of grain is large, and of excellent quality. In instances when the potatoes were planted in autumn, [ find the produce to be perfectly sound.

Another great source of uneasiness is the drain upon the country in meeting the railway calls. 1 am no great political economist ; but it appears to me that the profits on the existing and working railways will go some way in providing the means of paying those calls; for instance, I find that the traffic on those already opened amounts at least to 9,000,000! per annum ; take off 33 per cent for working expenses, and you have 6,000,000/ per annum to be distributed among the proprietors and loanists, a great proportion of which will no doubt find its way again into railway undertakings in the payment of calls. Again, t understand, it is calculated that the profits of business in England, in average years, is about 50,000,000/, which has to be spent in improvements, or wanted in some way or other. Now, surely, the formation of railways is a legitimate and productive mode of laying out at least a portion (and a large portion) of those earnings. It appears to me that we may lay out in England, without inconvenience, at least 36,000,000/ per aunum in railway undertakings. If the calls on the railways which have obtained parliamentary sanction were distributed over five years, or even four years, | think they might be formed without dis- tressing the country generally. Again, the money paid in calls is immediately again distributed throughout the country; and much that is paid to contractors finds its way again into the hands of the directors, as they (the contractors) are in many instances,

large shareholders in the lines which they are forming. The same may be said in reference to the iron masters who supply the rails. Upon the whole, I cannot see the matter in the very serious light int which it is viewed by many; and I cannot help thinking that, if things were left to take their natural course, and not the sound of alarm so much agitated, that great feverishness in the money market which is now so prevalent would subside.—I remain, sir, your obedient servant, SENEx.

To Readers and Correspondents.

When complaint of non-delivery, alteration of addresses, or the payment of subscriptions, require to be made, it is req rested that, when subscribers do so to us

;

| ' |

ES LC A CC OC LO LALLA

1264

they will in their communications enclose the envelope, as without the information asto what newsman supplies the parties addressing us we are unable to get their wishes attended to. It is always preferable in the first instance to apply to the newsman direct, and when subscribers find their orders or complaints unattended to, by enclosing the envelope to us we will give the proper in-

| stuctions to ensure immediate attention.

/ .

Mails are Due | At Southampton.—Lisbon, Madeira, Spain, and Gibraltar, Royal Tar, Sept. 26; West In- | dies, Venezuela, and Madeira, Oct. 7; Mexico, Honduras, and Havana, Oct. 7 ; | Bermuda, &c., Oct. 7. At Faimouth— Madeira, Brazil, and Buencs Ayres, HMB. Peterel, Sept. 28. At Liverpooi.—British N. America, Bermuda, and United States, Britannia, Sept. 30.

Departure of Mails. |; GipraLTar, Matta, Greece, the Ionran IsLanps, Ecyprt, Inpia, Cuina, &c. via | Southampton.—The next mails will be despatched from hence on the morning of | the 3rd Oct. MEDITERRANEAN, EGYPT, INDIA, CHINA, via Marseilles.—The next mails will be de-

spatched from hence on the evening of the 7th Oct. Lisson, MADEIRA, SPAIN, AND GIBRALTAR.—[The Peninsular steam packets will not

call at Corunna either on the outward or homeward voyaze, during the winter months of November, December, January, and February next, commencing from the 7th November ]—The next mails will be despatched on the morning of the 28th Sept., by the Queen.

| Sypxer, New Sours Wates.—Sydney, for the mails of the evening of the 30th Sept. | West Inpvigs, &c.— Teviot, for the mails of the morning of the 2nd Oct. | America.—Caledonia, for the mails of the evening of the 3rd Oct. MaDe1RA, BRazi1L, AND Buenos Ayres.—[From August to January inclusive, the | packet touches at Pernambuco and Bahia on her outward passage to Rio Janeiro,

and the other six months on her homeward.]—The next mails will be despatched on the 5th Oct.

Brazit, Buenos Ayres, MonTE VipEo, &c.—Henceforward the mails for Brazil. Bue- nos Ayres, Monte Video, &c., will be made up in London on the evenings of the 4th of every month. When the 4th ofthe month falls on Sunday the mails will be made up in London on the following evening. The next mail will be made up in London on the evening of the 5th October.

on Summary of News.

IrnELanv’s sufferings increase. ‘The ruin of the ordinary food of the inhabitants has done its work; and that patient people are now in the agonies of destitution and disease. ‘The legislative measure,

| so wisely, humanely, and opportunely brought into operation, was well fitted to encompass an ordinary emergency ; but the extremity

| to which Ireland has now come, seems to require still more appli- ance from the hand of a paternal government. The landlords, fear-

|

|

j

ing the burden of the rate, influence those empowered to make pre- sentments ; and the result is, that some districts are permitted to want wages and work and the convenient necessaries of life. Al- though the ordinary business of the nation may be delayed till the usual February meeting of its representatives, it is more than pro-

| bable that, ere long, Parliament will be summoned to meet on these true grievances in Ireland.

The greatest praise is due to our executive government for the prompt and efficacious working out of the powers which the “ Labour Rate Act,” put in their hands. Our columns this week are a record of their vigilance; but where the landlords are obstructing the pitying kindness of the Minister, some fresh legislation must be interposed, and the brave peasantry of Ireland emancipated from their present wretchedness.

Mr D. C. Aylwin has printed, for private circulation, a pamphlet on the subject of the salt tax in India. It is addressed “To the Cotton Manufacturers of Manchester, and the adjacent Localities, interested in the Indian Trade.” The intelligent author of this letter has brought ‘home to men’s business and bosoms” the sufferings of the poor ryot, from the unprincipled tax levied on an indispensible necessary of life,

| underthe baneful powers ofa monopoly. This monopoly,like all others, hurts more interests than the one against which it professed to be di-

THE ECONOMIST. ee

rected. The foreign labourer is taxed severely, but he is thereby pre- | vented from being a customer for our cotton and woollen manutac- tures, so that while he suffers we are restricted. Mr Aylwin has most satisfactorily proved this by a reference to the fact, that on the opening of the Sugar trade with India, the lower classes of Hindoos became purchasers of our cotton to a large extent. He says :—

“ Were proof wanting, that it is by the opening of the sugar trade that the poorer classes have been enabled to become consumers of British manufactured goods, it is furnished by the annexed statistical table, whereby it

| Seven Day andother Bills ....

[ Sept. 26, | with some one of its persevering claimants ; but now that it has been |!

, decided that Don Fransisco is the person selected for that honour. || aa and finding that a section in the state have given some expression to displeasure at the projected alliance with the Duke of Montpen- sier, the present has been chosen as a suitable period for again as- serting the Carlist right to reign. The wretched worshippers of Le- | gitimism, and its attendant Inquisition in Spain, have again been | roused to a fruitless, but, it isto be feared, not a bloodless, rebellion,

Since the death of Ferdinand, now sixteen years ago, that miserable country has been torn and distracted by almost unceasing civil com- motions. The peaceful and prosperous regency of Espartero gave two years and a half of quiet; but storms arose, which, with a short exception, have never ceased to roll over that prostrate people.

—_—_—_——_—

Portugal, as if from sympathy with its neighbour, is disturbed by a pretender—or rather the name of Don Miguel is used to cloak the marauding of guerillas. ‘They are officered by priests, and encour- aged, if not countenanced and supported, by the partizans of the Ca- bral party. It is supposed to be a scheme for overturning the present administration, as the court feels the presence of a liberal cabinet irksome.

Che Bankers’ Gasette.

BANK OF ENGLAND.

(From the Gazette.)

Aw Account, pursuant to the Act 7thand 8th Victoria, cap, 32, for the week ending on Saturday the 19th duy of September, 1846:—

ISSUE DEPARTMENT. L. | L.

29,758,615 | Government debt.....se..e0. 11,015,100 | Other securities...cceesesses. 2,984,900 Goldcoin and bullion........ 13,044,770 Silverbullion.... 2,713,845

29,758,615 29,758,615

BANKING DEPARTMENT.

Notesissued .ecccccccecccces

L L. Proprietors capital...e.eee-0+-14,553,000 | Government Securities, includ- MOM scascccectocccessscece «. 3,873,491 ing Dead Weight Annuity ..12,961,360 Public Deposits (including Ex- Other Securities ...eeseseeee.- 15,049,001 chequer, Savings’ Banks, Com- Pn sesenne eecescococoecese 9,817,195 missioners of National Debt, Gold and Silver Coin.... sees. 550,676 and Dividend Accounts) . 8,765,!

Other Deposits........... eoees 3,016,924

36,378,232

M. MARSHALL, Chief Cashier.

869,247 a | i

Dated the 24th September, 1846.

THE OLD FORM, The above bank accounts would, if made out in the old form, pre-

ent the following result :— Liabilities. Toe | Assels. L.

Circulation inc. Bank post bills 20,810,667 } Securities .........sscesccssesseeeree 25,457,361 Public Deposite,.ccoccscccoccscee ccs 8,765,570 [ Bullion seccorcocesesceceeseesececes ee =16,309,291 Other or private Depusits ...... 8,316,924

27,893,161 41,766,652

The balance of assets, above liabilities, 3,873,491, is stated in the above accounts under the head Rest.

FRIDAY NIGHT. 7 , : Tue above accounts, compared with those of last week, exhibit—

A decrease of Circulation of ...... oe 111,565 An increase of Public Deposits of ........... 566,770

An increase of other or Private Deposits of. 221,721

oneee

An increase of Securities Of... ....ccces-ssceecees 727,185 A decrease of Bullion of.... 44,557 An increase of Rest of ..... 5,702 An increase Of Reserve Of... 00. ccccccccccrccccsccesccccccccscsccsccsccesss © 3.2p 580

The circulation continues to decrease. The increase on the public deposits last week, together with this week, shows an increase for the fortnight of nearly a million anda half. ‘The private deposits have this week been added to; the withdrawing for some time back of railway deposits seems to be suspended. ‘There is a large increase this week in the securities, amounting to 727,185/. Bullion has decreased 44,557/, and an increase has occurred both in the Rest

| and the Reserve, the former 5,702/ and the latter 32,3834/.

willbe perceived that whereas the consumption of muslins, lappets, lenoes, | and such fancy Glasgow fabrics as are in use amongst the richer and midil- ing order of natives, have not increased since the equalisation of the sugar duties more than 35 per cent, the demand for shirtings, jaconets, and Mada- pollams, or such staple Manchester cloths as the poorer classes wear, have, during the same period, advanced from 190,770 pieces in 1837-38, to 2,479,542 in 1843-44.”

known. The cost of a cargo of salt in Liverpool is 15s per ton. On this small sum the impost levied by the East India Company is 81 3s 6d! So that the poor labourer, after it has incurred the ordinary charges of profit and carriage to a distant interior, has to part with one-fourth of his wages for even a bare supply to his family of this, the great necessary of life, to a population fed principally on rice.

The enterprise in which Mr Aylwin wishes to enlist the British manufacturers, and, on the ground of common humanity, the British people, seems destined to meet with success. The continuance of such an anomaly in our Indian dominions is incapable of defence. He takes the right road to its sudden overthrow, by satisfying the

| men of the birth-place of the League, that the broad interests of commerce are assailed indirectly by this highly impolitic tax.

Spain, in its utter want of social stability, is again the theatre of civil discord. Carlist bands have appeared in various parts of Cata- lonia. The Count de Montemolin having escaped from Bourges, has issued a proclamation to the priest-oppressed partizans of his father, Don Carlos. His family have been in hopes that Isabella

| might, through some legerdemain, be induced to share her throne

The peculiarly oppressive nature of this salt tax is not generally |

|

Very little business has been done during the week in the British funds. On Monday and Tuesday the little that was effected was at a reduction each day of § per cent. On Wednesday, the market opened heavily, but later on, it improved, and more was done than on the previous two days. It continued firmer on Thursday, but very few transactions took place. ‘The price on Monday was 953, and on Thurday, 953 for money. On Friday the market was a shade lower, the price being 953 for money.

On Monday, Spanish stocks and Mexican securities were both flatter, and underwent asmall decline. ‘he Committee of Portu- guese bondholders held a meeting, to consider the expediency of calling a public meeting for the purpose of protesting against the iniquitous income taxlevied on the foreign debt by the Portuguese Government. They resolved to postpone the public meeting, but to address a remonstrance to the Minister of Finance, and this is to be torwarded by the next packet .

On Tuesday all foreign stocks were dull, except Spanish, which was quoted 4 higher. On Thursday Mexican securities recovered the fall which had previously been submitted to. ‘The news received establishes the fact of the complete success of Santa Anna in gaining the chief power, and the imprisonment of Paredes. These events were considered of suflicient interest at the Stock Exchange to give a somewhat firmer tone to the value of the securities.

Accounts from Vienna state that the Austrian Government was likely to make a new 4 or 5 per cent loan for about 50 millions of florins,

The share market during the whole week has been most inactive Although money has been more abundant, no operations worthy of

_——— CC CC TN

es . -_——— EE TEED

ry YT .

| 1846. | THE ECONOMIST. 1265

remark have taken place. It appears, that quiet asthe share market PRICES OF ENGLISH STOCKS

was without question, last week, it has been decidedly more so for | ~~ ——T~Sat_ | Mon | Tues | Wed Thar Fr

some days past. —_—_——— |

— »y which was Saat look Wedd s rhe demand for money which was noticed last Friday, continued | g.4% stock, 7 ear aaa siete

| unimpaired until Wednesday, then it become somewhat relaxed ; | 3 per Cent Reduced Anns, ... 96}

stillit was called “ tight,’ and considerable difficulty would be ex. | 3 per Cent Consols Anns, ae 944 “a

«955 § 958 $ [953 8 955 4 955 4 95% §

cose tn Seg Sta OE CL SET

*

perienced to get much accommodation from the discount houses at a. oe i736 9, = dl 961° 4 = wr 3 percent. The present low Bank rate prevents higher terms be- New oe Sooo roe a pa 968 4 souk ing asked. Long Anns. Jan. 5, 1860 eee -_— | om -. do ee eee eee

Anns. for 30 years, Oct.10,1859 eve vee | : ove oe Ditto Jan. 5, 1860 ie 10 | 10 we i0

{ ForEIGN Exch ANGES.—The exchanges on Tuesday were the same as at Ditto Jan. 5,1880 ... — ee Bt os a the close of last week, namely:—Hamburgh, 13129; Amsterdam, 12 7}; | India Stock, 10} per Cent |) wwe «= 259 GT | eee ove . Parie, 26; Vienna, 10 7}; Trieste, 108; St Petersburgh, 374): Frankfort, mh een 3 oe te a eve oc.” }22s p 22s p ont ose

121$; all at three months’ date. And to-day, they are Hamburgh, 13 143; Sut Gon Stock, 3) per Cent a pains 1054 ae pas bis Amsterdam, 12 8; Paris, 2610; Vienna,1011; Trieste, 1011; Frankfort, Ditto Old Anns., 3 per Cent ese eve ove on ove eee 224, Ditto New Anns,,3perCent.., ee «= 194 95 935 95 | The following are the official returns of the export of the precious metals | 3 per Cent Anns., 1751... ne. Se , |

fiom the port of London for the week ending Thursday the 17th inst, silver Bank Stock for opg., Oct. 16... 2103 2114 104/210 211

coin to Hamburg, 12,000 oz.

|

}

3 p Cent Cons. for acct., Oct.14953 6 95: § 953 § (953 cy 954 3 India Stock for acct., (ct. 16...

{

Canada Guaranteed Deben.,)

INDIA EXCHANGES AND GOVERNMENT LOANS. 4 per Cent ... . J ae oe

i

Penhea » We i . r . ' Commercial bile B-1 Company's Amountof Ez. | E*CheGueT Dili, 10008 Tjd..10gp toe te LAs Lisp Lisp is t4ep Lisl ee Sea =—6Cpe Ditto Small —.. 08135 pl0si43p) a. Ls 14s p 12s 14s lds Ils p | per ; oe per re ——_ oe a Ditto Advertised | a ove - | ow | = | | s < Bs ¢ s ¢ s ¢ 8 | | r iF

Bills on Bengal soe 1 10g to 1 10% soe 111 to.0 O sve 167,734 9 11 silence alh stn Recah i titleist, Rican as | —_ Madras.. 1 103 SO weve I FI SD con 18,921 0 7 COURSE OF EXCHANGE. i | oo Sombay ... 1 10} LUD coscce 2 12G 0 O ceocee 1,077 18 5 ———$—_—__—__——— = —___—_—_—___— — 4

outa | ____—*Tuesday. Friday. f 4

} Total of East India Company’s bills from Sept. 7 to Sept. 23,1846... 187,733 8 Il a Prices Prices | ‘ \ ome Time j printed |Prices negociated] printed |Prices negociated a i

Do. do. Jan.7 to Sept. 23, 1846 «0. 2,456,812 8 7 | on | on Change on | on ’Change + | Change} "Change | { {

—— —| —_—_ |—_——_ | ———— Hy

MONEY MARKET. Amsterdam «. +-| 3ms 12 8| 12 63) 12 Ty 12 8 12 6% {2 73 ! | i : a Ditto at sight... eee 12 53) 12 4 12 44) 12 53, 12 4 12 43 ie.

Monpay, Sept. 21-—Conse!s opened flat at 954 to § for money, and 95§ to j forthe | Rotterdam ... «| short | 12 83] 12 7 12 7,1 12 83 12 7 12 7} | account. The other quotations are—Long Annuities, 101-16; India stock, 259 to Antwerp me | 3ms | 2615 | 26 23) 26 7)) 2615 | 26 24] 2¢ 1 H

} ea . . ai 6 € e y . } | ¢ " | - i 260 ; India bonds, 26s pm; Bank stock, 2104 to 211}; and Exchequer bills, 10sto 148 | Hamburgh mes banco| «. | 13 144) 13 123) 13 13] 13 143) 13 128) 13 13 ' pm. The fall in Spanish was about half per cent at the opening of business, and subse- | Paris, 3 diyssight ...| short | 25 80] 2575 | 25 80] 25 85 | 25 75 | 25 80 | quently the actives wese done as low a8 26}. The last bargains were 264 for the actives, Ditto mi «| 3ms | 2610] 25 973! 26 231 26 10 | 25.973) 26 2} a and 37§ for the three per cents. Mexican stock is affected by the general flat state of | Marsellies ... eo ot 2615 | 26 51 2610 26101 26 5 26 10 I the market, and bargains have been done at 244 and 25, The other foreign quotations | Bordeaux... ale F ted 26 15} 26 / 2% 51 2610) 26 | 2% 5 are— Brazilian, 884; Ex uador, 3]; Portuguese, 41 ; Venezuela, 423; Dutch two-and-a- | Frankft. on the Main oo } 1223 1213 121} 223 | 3214 } 12}5 if

} half per cents, 59§ ; Spanish deferred, 16 ; and Spanish passive, 5}. Vienna eff F/o| Sms | 10 11 lo 8 10 9 10 1) | 19 73] lo 83 BI

Tuespay, Sept. 22.—The consol market is even flatter than yesterday. The dealers | Trieste ere dO. | oes 10 11 } 10. 83 10. 93] 1011] 10 8] lo 9 f | continue to sell, notonly on the Spanish marriage question, but also on the prospect of Madrid oe eee| ane 3 a 357 | o0§ 354 } 353 | 355 a

faminein Ireland. ‘The market at the close of business was exceedingly dull, the quo- | Cadiz ... ov eer] tee 36% 36g | 365 36 | 363 =| (365 i tations being 953 to 4 for money, and 954 to § for the account; India bonds were done Leghorn oe oo oe 69 | ee 50 a6 50 30 65 | 30 50 30 55 of

at 22s pm; South Sea stock, 1054 ; and ditto, new aunuities, 94. The last quotation | Genoa... on ee = 15 | we 73; 26 123 26 15 26 5 26 10 eH for Exchequer bills was lls to 14s pm. The dealings in the foreign market sympa- | Naples ove a oT 393 | 39% | 40 39 | «(39 40 i thised with those in the English department, Mexican was flat, and done at 243 and 25; | Palermo eee eee eee 119} poz) 1193} 1198 1193 poz) 119% 193 4 Spanish actives, for the account, were done at 26} and 4; passives, at 53; deferred, at | Messina on eee] eee 119% | 1193 120 9s | 119§ 119g i 16}; three per cents, at 373; and for the account, at 37}and 3. The other bargains Lisbon ase +--/60 ds dt) 52% a 523 523 52 52) H

{| included Brazilian at 89}; Dutch two-and-a-half per cents, certificates, at 94}; Peru. | Oporto — ws ero} oe | 52 52 | 524 525 524 524 ql vian, at 37; and Portuguese four per cents, for the account, at 41g. There was but | Rio Janeiro ... wee ove _— eee fee EE ee me | little business transacted to-day in the foreign exchanges, and no alteration worth noting | ee at engin : 2 : | a a occurred in the rates. LATEST PRICES OF AMERICAN STOCKS.

WeEpwEspayY, Sept. 23.—Business was not very active to-day in the stock markets, | | | | is \ and prices still exhibit a tendency to decline. The English securities continue far | Amount in} iS i \ from firm, though they did not close quite so flat as they opened. Consois left off at 95% to | Payable.. Dcllars. Dividends. | & i 4 for money, and at 954 to § for the account; Indian bonds, at 22s pm.; South Sea new | | | i annuities, at 95; and bank stock, for the account, at 211. Exchequer bills have remain- —_—_—_— _ 4 edall day atfrom lls tol4s;m. The operations of the speculators in the foreign house y cent { | i

| were confined to Spanish and Mexican, each of which securities bave been done at lower | Alabama... eee Sterling 5 1858 | 4,000,000) Jan. and July! i prices. The several bargains were not large, but they were nevertheless sufficient to _ ove eve eee oe «5 son 5,500,000) May and Nov. 69 i indicate the tone of feeling connected with public affairs. Spanish five per cents, for . at ol idl i the account, were done at 26} and at 26}; and the three per cents at 374 for money, and Indians... i. “e o 5 | (1866 f | 14,600,000 Jan. and July/264 { at 373 and 379 for the account. Mexican for money were done at 24}; and for the ac- | _ eve eee Sterling 5 1861 1,000,000 _ 133 i count, at 25, 249, and 244. The other trausactions of the day were—Brazilian, at 884; | Illinois... eco eee oe 6 1870 | 10,000,000} _ | 34 i Buenos Ayres, at 43; Portuguese four per cents, for the account, at 41, Russian, at — eee eee Sterling 6 1870 | 1,000,000) = | i

111: Belgian four-and-a-half per cents, at 97g; and the four per cents, certificates, | Kentucky eee eee we 6 | 1868 | 4,250,000 — | igs i | at 944. | Louisiana eve Sterling 5 | 1848 1,800,000

i 8 os on Tuurspay, Sept. 24.—The market for consols was influenced to the extent of about | . | / i | |

| one-eighth per cent by the business transacted this morning, but prices were not fully | 1847 2 | sustained at the close of the day. The final quotation for money was 95% to $; and - 5/4 1g59(| 7:000,000 Feb. and Aug.'75

| for the account at 95} to §; India bonds were last quoted at 24s pm; South Sea new | 1852 | | annuities, 93) ; and Exchequer bills, lls to 14s pm. The foreign stocks werc ina de- |! Maryland... a ” i) oi 1859 6,750.000| April and Oct! |

grec better. ; More business was transacted, and quotations in some respec ts exhibited a a z3 Sterling 5 888 | 3,000,000|\Jan. and July| l763 7 | a tendency slightly upwards. Mexican and Spanish were among those which partici- | Massachusetts 5 1857 | 6,000,000\Jan. and July i

pated in the favourable alteration. Spanish five per cents were done at 263 and 4 for | ~ — - ie “Bterlins 5 1868 "300,000 A oril and Oct.| | the accounts ant Ge these oH cents, at 37% and 4; passives, at 53 and §; Mexican Michigan... a a: ' = 6 | 1863 | 5,000,000 ne. and July B . 245 and 252. Bh at Chi - 1 (1850) | .., | ae

i Fripay, Sept. 25.—Consols for money and the account are a shade lower to-day. A | Mississippi Sterling § {iss} 6,000,000) May and Mev. } sale of the former has been made at 95, and of the latter at 954. The premium on | ( 1861] | exchequer bills continues at 11s to 14s, Mexican bonds are at 25 to}; Portuguese are | a 6 |< ct 2,000,000, Mar. and Sept. | flat at 40; ; Spanish are at 263%; the three per cents. at 374; the Dutch two-and-a- | (1871 | half per cents at 59} §; and the four per cents at 95. The Chilian six percent bonds | New York eee ooo re 1858 13,124,270, Quarterly (86 | have realised 101. oa 5 | { a) 10,877,000 a | =

- Ohio one ove ods ew. 6 | 1850 | 4,000,000 Jan. and July 94 | COMPARATIVE EXCHANGES.—The premium on gold at Paris is 16 per mille, which, at | . | 91856) | ., | the English mint price of 3/ 17s 104d per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of _ 6 L1L860 § 6,000,000; = | | 25 55; and the exchange at Paris on London at short being 25774, it follows that gold | ponnsylvania .. an we 5) 1854 | 37,000,000 Feb. and Aug. | ) is 0.87 per cent dearer in London than in Paris. By advices from Hamburgh the price i. 6 | 1854 2,700 000 aie 7 \ 66k

of gold is 435} per mark, which, at the English mint price of 3/ 17s 104d per ounce for | ail 5 1854 1,800,000 _ ‘ea a gives an ex: hange of 13 10% ; and the exchange at Hamburgh on London | gouth Carolina .. eee ee 5 | 1866 ; 3,000,000 Jan. and July i

| at short being 13 104, it fellows that gold is 0.06 per cent dearer in London than in | Tennesse ... a “en oe 6 | 1868 3,000,000 _ | 97 9 | | Hamburgh. Virginia ... ein on woe 6 | 1857 6,000 000) _-

| = : : | | 1862) | | 1864 e }

renin sella at — aii ei srli i 4 Sun 2,000,000 a | | THE BANKERS’ PRICE CURRENT. | a * 138s | ~ | oudiece ; alee FRENCH FUNDS. United States Bank Shares ... , Ap.) 35,000,000 = . 33

| l Pata ea is Do. Debentures 6 |; 1841> | £800,000 April and Oct. | Paris |London| Paris |London| Paris | London | | (saz) | Sept. 22, Sept. 23, Sept. 23 Sept. 24 Sept. — Sept. 25 | ( Oct.)

SE te |———— eee ol ee a Do. Do. sa j £900,000 —- COKER CT Re HOR ST S42

5 per Cent Rentes, div. 22) 118 15 | | 118 50 | Bank of Louisiana ove ee 8 1870 4,000,000 Jan. and July March and 22 Sept. ... f | 15 15 | _ | 89 | eee | eee ; ee | | ‘bod | |

Exchange ee ose un tae. Te we ml ae we i ie | New York City ... ue ee «5 | 4 1856 9,600,000; Quarterly | | 3 per Cent Rentes, div. 22) | 7 | 1351) |

June and 22 December } | 83 40 . 83 10 _ | _ =» | New Orleans City ote a 1863 1,500,000 Jan. and July Exchange one sai el on — it = ane | on ) a | Camden & Amboy R. R. Bond 6 1864 7225,000|Feb. and Aug.|

3 per Cent French Scrip an ne oe eee ove | eee eee | Exchange at New York 107} 3. Bank Shares, div. 1 January) |. | . | | andI July... ww ae oe «—-« | 8496 re ae om nen menemaal

Exchange on London 1 month} 25 72} na + oo oe ies | PRICES OF BULLION.

Ditto $months| 25 574 one 25 574 en 2 mee | ee Foreign Gold in bars, (standard) ....csscescccerssvesecercerssscsccsecssene perounce£3 17 9 | | ! Foreign Gold in coin, Portugal pieces ...... 00sec seccescrerssecsccccsseecessessevecss BAT §&

+ ee re —

reer rg een ene ong

ee

AO ng gE Ee neon ene eg

1266 THE ECONOMIST. (Sept. 26,

PRICES OF FORE IGN STOCKS.

ee

Sat | Mon| Tues} Wed Thur! Fri

| Austrian Bonds, 5 per cent. 10 gu. p.£st.|) .. eee ove ove ove ove Brazilian Bonds, 5 per cent . ooo] eee «6888 894 884 R8 a

Ditto New, 5 per cent, 1829 and 1839 «..! ©... ooo | one ove oss | 000 Ditto New, 1543 ooo ose ooo eos] ooo | eve | ove eee ooo | ee

Buenos Ay res Bonds, 6 percent ... woe] wee coe | coe (48 43 Cuba Bonds, 6 per cent = oan eos] ene a en ove 0 es Chilian Bonds, 6 percent ... ove el ee Sate annie ae owe {101

Ditto 3 per cent deferred ... ooo ° ove | ave he pis a ta Columbian Bonds, 6 per centex Venezuela... oe ove ee os eae Danish Bonds, 3 per cent, 1825 ° eve eee oes a ak sate Dutch 24 per cent. Exchange 12 guilders .. a ca elena is a Equador Bonds... oe ove ove ovo] eve ISR | ove o 13% Grenada Bonds 1 per Cent ... -_ aml cco | om |. oo ao ms | lw

Ditto Deferred aie - oe week ee: A ieee) eee oo ae | ove Greek Bonds 1824-25, 5 percent ... a ose ove ove eve oe Mexican 5 percent, 1846... ove! one (202 5 (2438 5 248 (243 53/254 43

Ditto Deferred Stock, 5 per cent. ane bial caine wee | aes am oe | tee Ditto Smal! ... o ose ose eco} cco J20— | ove os . =

Peruvian Bonds, 6 per cent _ oes evel ane a | eee ss on Portuguese Bonds, 5 per cent ove — a ae ose

Ditto 3 per cent ae ove ove wool ose ose ee ose aa | Ditto 4 per cent eee eee ove ove 42 421 (419 4131 Al} 403 Ditto Annuities, 18: ove -_ ve eee | ° . ve sl =e

Russian Bonds, 1822, 5 p cent, in e sterling) .. | ov | o. ‘121 Wit | ow Spanish Bonds,» per ct div.from Nov. 1840 27g [26§ § (264 3 26g 4 26g [265 3

Ditto ditto ditto 1843, ... /'234 io a cn oe Ditto ditto ditto 1846, ... j26§ 20 eve So Ditto Passive Bonds ooo ove oe DF ag 53 ° 53 4 m Ditto Deferred ove ese ove 17¢ 4 16% 164 — as Ditto 3 per cent Spanish Bonds 88 75 (37% i772 vi 372 & 137% 2

Venezuela 2 per cent Bonds... ove ove} ove = 428 ove ao) a <a Ditto Deferred eee ove | ote oes one oe oes Dividends on the abo we payable in L ‘ondon. |

Belgian Scrip, 24 percent ... oe = wale * Ditto Bonds, 44 per cent ... eos 2 we Ws si g78

Dutch 24 per cent, Exchange 12 guilders » 598 2 1593 € 594 2 ve 59} ¢ 59} 3 Ditto 4 per cent Certificates ove ol one ee ©1943 95 4% 95 42 \943 5 Ditto 4 per cent. Bonds ... —_ at ak Shes aa oe Rae sie

Neapolitan Bonds, 5 per cent. nl alee bas ame, ded aoe ae

Ex per Duc, 4f40c. Ex per £ st, G5C|} ace — See oe = we

The Commerctal Times,

Tux aceounts from Calcutta are more favourable. From the latest advices we learn that the pressure in the money market is graduaily decreasing. The payment of Bank stock dividends, government loan interest, and the arrival of some large remittances from China and various districts in the interior of India, have had the effect of lessening the demand for accommodation. ‘The banks have in consequence reduced their rates one per cent, which has had the effect of lowering the rates of discount generally. Government securities had regained their former position, and exchange on England had fallen from 2s 2d to 2s 09d, at which considerable business has been done.

The irregularity of the Brazil packets, to which we made allusion last week, having caused much annoyance to the merchants engaged in the South American trade, has led to an attempt to supersede the Government vessels by the establishment of a dine of steamers, the property of the Oriental Steam Navigation Company and Messrs Hadfield and Co., of Liverpool. steamers of the same dimensions and power as the Antelope, despatched for Pernambuco, Bahia, and Rio on experiment.

recently As

there can be little or no doubt of her suc cess, We may expect, in due | time, to see the line completed, so as to sail once a fortnight. The vessels once ready to take the mails, the Post office will be obilged to | avail themselves of those steamers, for no one will then send any letters whatever on business by the present packets. The memorial on this subject presented to Lord Palmerston emanated from the Manchester Commercial Association, and not as was reported from the Manchester | Chamber of Commerce.

Oa Thursday, were held ; but not more than 1,400 were disposed of. Fine hyson sold at 3s 3d, twankay, Is 2d per pound. The market during the week has beenextremely flat. There is, up to the 16th current, a great excess this, over last, year, in the total deliveries of tea in London, being upwards of 1,250,000 pounds above 1843.

The following are the deliveries of tea entered out for home cor at the undermentioned ports during the past week ,—

sumption,

lbs.

London ...... eonceecoccovecconcensccseseveoceweesoeseneosconcecs «6 40°0, 77 I Liverpool 136,394 Bristol 13,121 SEE | Michnnnibinbess chnehaiadinnenienssdelialiiiibmebvancasenes 2,387 Ciyde .... 0,06%

——— 67 ,736

is + dull, and. prices tend downwards. “coffee

Various quantities offered for public sale, were withdrawn. The market ‘te

Cotton continues in demand at improving price s.

have of late taken place at Liverpool. For the week e nding the 18th instant, the unusual rr of 81,150 bales was disposed of. Here, last ‘Thursday, 2,000 bales of Surat were sold at from 3$d to 4d per pound. Prices have also advanced at Hamburgh and at Havre.

The price of corn has still an upward tendency. On Monday Is to 2s more was paid, but buyers seem unwilling to come forward. A cargo of heavy Lincoln w heat, weighing 63 |bs per bushel was bought on Wednesday, for France, at 56s per qr. The duty on wheat was, on Thursday, reduced to 9s pet qr, the average for the preceding six weeks being 48s 2d. ders mails, received in the City on Thursday, sion that commerce, in general, will be seriously high prices of food, which, it is evident, will now, the case all over Lurope.

The accounts of the crops from the West Indies are very favourable. In our markets here a large business has bee n done in Sugar, at the full currency of last week. On Tuesday, sales to the extent of 16,000 bags were held of Bengal and Madras Sugar: the whole was quickly sold, in a great many instances,

affected by the for some time, be

| to Is per ewt.

| at

They propose building seven more |

public sales to the extent of 12,900 packages of tea |

Very large sales |

Letters by the Dutch and Flan- express an apprehen- |

at an advance of 6d |

On Wednesday, 600 hhds British Colonial were disposed of at full prices. But 550 boxes Havana were sold for export

23s, which is rather lower than the price last week. The sale on Monday, of 900 boxes, fetched 24s 9d. RF

COMMERCIAL NEWS.

THE Cotrron TRADE.—The extensive cotton mills of the Messrs Lees, of this town, in which there are upwards of 2,000 power-looms, commenced working short time on Monday last.—Manc. hester Examiner.

EXTRACTING SILVER FROM LEAD.—The mines of Wanlockhead, the property of the Duke of Buccleuch, are now wrought with spirit. His Grace hag

built new smelt mills, and is now building a commodious school. We also under-

stand that he is about to erect a handsome church. At the smelt mills, refining

apparatus for separating the silver from the lead ore has been erected. It wag setin motion on Saturday last for the first time, when a plate of silver 104 Ibs

weight was extracted from thelead. The yield avc rages from seven to thirteen |

ounces of silver to one ton of lead, and the ore that yields the latter quantity | may be considered among the richest specimens in Scotland. The experiment proves beyond doubt the mineral wealth of the dreary wilderness in which the

mines of Wanlockhead are situated.

QUICKSILVER.—On ‘Tuesday afternoon the “Prince Albert,” New York |

packet ship, W. 8S. Scton commander, left the St Katherine’s dock with 200 | steerage passengers and 50 cabin passengers. Amongst those in the steerage are 60 German emigrants; the remainder are principally agriculturists from Norfolk, Cambridgeshire, and Surrey The“ Prince Albert” has also on board

a large cargo of British manufactured goods, and upwards of 600 bottles of | quicksilver. The exportation of this article has greatly increased of late, in consequence of the alteration in the tariff, and the augmentation of the duty which takes place in December. The ship “ Christiana,” which sailed from London for New York, last week, took out 300 bottles of quicksilver. |

rue Iron TRADE.—We have no new feature to notice in the iron trade this week. Orders continue to pour in for every description of iron, but are now very genera ly refused, both from an inability to execute them and the prevalent expectation of higher prices. ‘That a very large business has been done in Lon- don, and at improved rates for all descriptions of iron, indicates that this expectation is not confined to the makers, and will doubtless bring the merchants freely into the market for supplies at quarter day. Several large contracts for railroad requirement having, however, lately been taken in this neighbourhood

at lower figures than might have been expected, and the fact that many large manufacturers are so full of orders that they could not for a considerable time participate in the advantages, has given rise to a report that all their influence will be used to prevent an advance. Though the very circumstance of their being so situated will limit this influence, should it be exerted, still it would form

something like a prudent counterbalance to any rash movement on the part of others who are in different circumstances. The pig-makers especially will no doubt exert themselves to obtain a better position ; at present they cannot be said to enjoy even a remunerative return, and it is only by merging the legitimate profits of the mine in those of the furnace, that they have lately been enabled to supply the market. A shade of gloom has been thrown over this district by the death of a very highly respected individual, John Bramah, Esq., who was largely interested in the iron trade; in his private character amiable and unassuming; in business, a man of integrity, energy, and talent. When doubt, distress, and despondency were prevailing throughout every department of the trade, he stepped forward in the hour of need, and ventured a splendid fortune in support ofits failing interests —Aris’s Birmingham Gazette.

The export of British hardware and cutlery from the United Kingdom amounted last year to 20,754 tons, of the declared value of 2,182,000. The

countries to which the largest quantities were forwarded were these .—Russia, 53,1721; Sweden, 4,210/; Norway, 11,9091; Denmark, 7,717/; Prussia, 10,053/;

Germany, 1594291; Hol'and, 57,9987; a 63,1411; France, 114,140/; Por-

tugal, the Azores, and Madeira, 21,7541; Spain and the Canaries, 34,206/; Gib-

raltar, 22,812/; Italy, 45,2711; Turkey, 21,1651; Western Coast of Africa,

24,365/; Cape of Good Hope, 23,969/; Mauritius, 12,146/; British Territories in

the East Indies, 119,896/; Sumatra, Java, and the other Islands of the Indian Australia and New Zea- Seas, 13,0401; China, 20,668 British Settlements in

land, 37,4931; British North American Colonies, 200,475/; British West Indies,

80,4831; Foreign West Indies, 72,540/; United States of America, 719,324/;

Mexico, 15,862/; New Granada, Venezuela, and Ecuador, 21,258/; Brazil, 76,998;

States of the Rio de la Plata, 25,236/; Chili, 33,4821; Peru, 35,6593; and the

Channel] Islands, 17,439/

MANUFACTURE OF AVENTURINE.—This costiy and beautiful sort of used for the ornamenting of objects of art and virtu, could not be hitherto

made but at Venice. Only so much was known, that it was very minute crystals of metallic copper of great lustre, which, mixed throughout the mass of dark yellow-reddish glass, imparted to this substance that lustrous and iridescent appearance for which it was so much praised. Messrs Fremy and Calendeau, chemists, have lately laid before the French Institute their procedure of making this valuable substance. It consists in the mixing of pounded glass with Ham- merschlag and oxide ef copper, and keeping both for a considerable time in a state of fusion. By this means the copper crystallises in the glowing mass of glass in the shape of small octohedra, which being dispersed through the mass impart to it that beautiful scintillating appearance. Still the original Venetian samples, and those made by Messrs Fremy and Calendeau, were not of equal quality, the mass of glass whereia the crystals are imbedded being in the former clear and pellucid ; in the latter rather soily and only traneparent: the crystals

THE

glass,

in the Venetian are large, very regular; in the French, small, irregular, and fibrous. The principle, however, is found, and it will only require (as with

equal the

hackle: oloss unshackled glas

Venetian patterns. This in- manufacturers. The

time and experience t

useful to our now everything else

formation may be Builder.

SALE oF THE WuitTtLesea Estate, Camprincesnire.—Yesterday, frechold estate of Whittl-ses, situate in the county of Cainbridge, was dis-

tion by Messrs Smith, at the Auction Mart. The property comprised the manors of Whittlesea, St Andrew, of Whitticsea, St Mary, and of the rectory o! Whittlesea, St Mary, which extended over nearly 25,000 acres, including the fines, quit-rents, royalties, &c. , also, about 2,100 acres of Jand,

}

the

spost d of | y an

19,000 acres, andthe freehold, rent-charges, in lieu of tithes, reaching over with the perpetual advowson of the vicarage cf St Mary. The whole, wl Lich was = the valuc of nearly 6,8007 ver annum, was then put up in one lot, end

was bought in at 169,000/, It was then put up in three lote. The first rent charges m- abort 17,000 acres,

701 stipend to the freehold yielding lot aaerie d the

83,0341 Os 9d per annum, € xclusive of 240/ parochial rates,

viear of St Mary, 100/ also during the incumbeney of the present vicar, and 133/ 6s 8d, an annuity of one-third of 400/, pryable to the av irs of Lord Eard-

This was sold for 68,000/. The second and third lots ineluded the

manors with several freehold farms, containing about 2.136 acres, producing an annual income of 2.9561 195 60, sulijeet to 711 nd tax, and 8l 19s fre farm rent, with also the patronage of the advowson, returning 2461 4s 8d

ley, &e.

8s |:

ae SS

a TEESE

nn ee EEE INE NEE EEEEERn —_—-_

LS =

1846. ] per annum. They were sold for 99,5001. The population is about 7,000. There is an extensive fishery within the manor, and the country was hunted by Lord Fitzwslliam’s hounds, The timber was to be disposed at a valua- tion.

SaLTED BEEF AND PorK.—Yesterday, the Commissioners of the Admi- ralty decided upon tenders sent in for the supply of salted beef aud pork for the use of the navy. The quantities required were unusually large—say 12,000 tiercesof beef, and 18,000 tierces of pork. Allthe latter was taken, but only 8,000 tierces of the former. The beef is to delivered at 7] 1s, and the latter at 7/ 138 per tierce, The foliowing nvte relative to the coutraet is from an experienced firm. The remarks are important at this period when the pricesof provisions are so high ;— ‘*The contract for beef an: pork was only taken in part by the government yester-

day, the prices for both articles being considerably higher than last year, which confirms us in the opinion that additional cha:nels must be opened forthe government to obtain their supplies, or submit to most exhorbitant rates.’’

SresM CoMMUNICATION Wirt AusrtRALIA AND NEw ZEALAND.—The committee on Australian steam communication held another of their meetings

on Thursday, 24th instant, at their committee room, 30 Great Winchester street, Broad street, for the dispatch of business. The following were present—Sir George H. Lirpent, Bart., in the chair; the Hon, Francis

Scott, M.P., Henry T. Prinsep, Esq., John Wm. Sutherland, Esq. Mark Boyd, Esq., Samuel Browning, Esq., Ca;tvuin James Barber, George Hay

Donaldson, Esq., John Lambert, E-q., Jacob Montefiore, Esq., &c., &e., and Anthony G. Robinson, the honorary secretary. ConontaL and ForeIGN Woot, imported into London, Liverpool, and Hull, from

the Ist of January to the 1st of Aug.in the years 1845 and 1846, and the total imports, including Bristol and Leith.

Totals, inc. Bristol and

Leith. London, Liverpool, Hull.

1845 ; 1846 1815 I846 1845 ) 1846 1845 | 1846 Colonial. Bags.| Bags. Bags. Bags. Bags | Bags Bags Bags

New South Walesa ......... | 21,864) 26,469, 3,157 1,465, ... ee | 25,021) 27,934 Van Diemen’s Land eoes | 12,422) 11,267 oe ove a ae 12,422, 11,267

P. Philip & Adelaide ...... | 14,957; 21,284 1,608 1,715, «. ove 16,565 22,999 Cape of Good Hope......... | 7,984) 6,730 394 284; 8,472, 7,014 East Indies ..........00.000+- | 1,331] 1,830; 4,683 2,420 2s} 6,042) 4,250

Total colonial .......0+6++ | 58,558 67,580; 9,842 5,884 28; .. 68,522 73,464 Foreign. }

Germany ..cccccceces | 5,201; 4,728 5 ove =| 26,164) 21,722 31,600, 26,736 Spain and Portu 2,965; 1,969, 1,296 1,513] ... eee 4,261, 3,482 I er 4,603, 4,099 2,652 334 15191 322 8,774 4,755 South America. 6,715 7,298 20,590 35,262) ... } eve 27,305' 46,560

Barbary and Torkey ., 2,093: 2,671; 1,273 3,135) ... 2 3,446 5,808 BYTIA . cocccccccccecsscosccoecsec ce 163! 1,160 432 SOB} sco | ce 595! 1,528 Trieste, Leghorn, &c, cece | 537 250, 3,638 2,365) ... 61 4,175) 2,676 Denmark ...... ove eee can anpicil 175 482 175 482 United States aes 76; 235 53> 1,126) aa 129) 1,361

EE Secercahinen Pa 513) 1,147; 635 813) 121) 206 1,506 2,166

Total ...secccsceseeseee... +++ | 81,464! 91,137! 40,416 54,800] 28,007! 22,795 150288 169018

STATE OF THE CORN TRADE FOR THE WEER.

THERE Was a good display of wheat at. Mark lane on Monday, by land carriage samples from Kent, with a fair quantity from Essex and Suffolk: the trade opened fiemly, and a good steady demand was experienced for the best qualities at aneuhancement of 1s to 2s per qron the rates of that day se’nnight, whilst for other sorts fully as much money was obtained. For free foreign there was rather a better inquiry, but the higher rates demanded somewhat checked business, the sales effected were at »n advance of 1s perqr. The importations from abroad were 2,014 qrs from Launceston; 1,190 from Mont-

real; 3,105 from Odessa; 495 from Port Philip, and 700 from Rostock; there was some inquiry for export to France; but for the little offering, holders asked higher rates, which prevented transactions. The arrivals of flour were 3,075 sacks from our own coast, and 14,773 bris from Canada; the millers advanced thetop price of town made to 51s per sack, and ship marks were ls per sack higher, whilst barrel parcels were taken to a moderate extent at lsper brl more money, Canadian brought 40s, and Western Canal 32s per bil. There wasa better sujply of new barley, and maltsters having showed less inclinution to purchase, the trade was dull at an abatement of Is per qr; butgrinding sorts, which were all old, supported last week's rates. The supplies of oats were 1,530 qrs of English, 50 of Seoteh; 2,273 of Irish, With 7,110 of foreign, and there were in addition several vessels fresh up with thi-artick ; asteady demand was expericueed for good corn at an

advanc®, |! some instances, of 6d per quarter. Beans were in moderate supply, an@ Were taken off at last week’s rates. Peas were 2s per qr dearer; for white, the prices obtained were fiom 58s to 60s per qr; the importations of foreign Were 821 gra, which have been landed in bond. Lludian corn was in-

| quired 19°, Cargoes afloat were held at 43s per qr. The attivals of wheat at Liverpool were 528 qrs from Ireland, 267 coast-

Wise, an@ 4,522 from America; and on Tuesday the market was very excited, nd havi"“a good attendance of town and country buyers, and there being

also som e demand for wheat on specu'ation, a moderately fair business was vdone atan advance of 2d to 3d per 70 lbs on the prices of list Tuc sday. Bonded parcels were in request, but no quantity could be obtained, as the late arrivals were mostly withdrawn from sale. The wheat in bond consists principally of United States qualities, and the quantity offering was held withmuch firmness at 7s 6d to 7s 9d for fine white, and 63 9d to 7s for red.

Flour was in good request : English and Irish was 1s per sack, and American 6d to is per bri, dearer. Sweet western canal brought 32s. Of bonded there was very little on sale, and for sweet western 28% to 293 per bri was obtainabie. Beans were in good demand at an enhancement Sof 1s per qr, for both English and Egyptian; the latter brought 353 to 36s per qr in bond. White beiling peas were 2s per qr dearer. Oats avd meal, being scarce,

sup ported previous terms. The demand for Indian corn continues, and the market has been nearly cleared by shipment to Ireland; and for the small

quantities taken for immediate shipment to that locality, higher rates have

been paid, the prices obtained being 48s per quarter for red, and 50s per quarter for white United Statesand Galatz corn ; for floating cargoes of the latter 438 per qr has been made. The arrivals were 686 qrs from America, and 900 from European ports. Duty was prid at this port for the week ending the 17th inst on 1,008 qrs Foreign, and 340 colonial wheat ; 172 qrs of beans

36 qrs of peas, 1,779 qrs of Indian corn, and 2,810 barrels of flour.

The mirket at Hull was only moderately supplied with wheat by the

farmers; although there was not much activity in the trade, still much firmness was shown by holders, and the sales made to the millery were at

an improvement of 1s to 2s per qr on the rates of last week ; the average

was 453 per qr, on 961 qrs. Free foreign was held for enhanced terms, but

scarecly auy business was transacted. New barley brought 36s to 38s, ac-

cording to quality, and beans 40s to 42s per qr.

THE ECONOMIST. SS sss sts snsesssnsnssssssnssssteeeeeesntenntsissaaatis

| Gloucester ; 528 2d on 487 qrs at jWorcester ; 543 44d on 1,345 qrsa at

a

1267 At Leeds there was a moderate quantity of wheat offering, whieh met a

steady sale, at an advance of 1s to 2s per qr for the best samples, whilst other sorts were much the same as last week ; average, 558 104d on 10,082 qrs. Barley was in better supply, but the weather: being fine, together with the high prices required, few maltsters have yet begun to work, and in order to effect sales a decline of 1s per qr had to be submitted to. Oats moved off slowly at late rates, whilst beans brought 1s per qt more money.

The growers have continued to bring forward good supplies of wheat at Lewes, but owing to the increased demand, prices have advanced 4s per qr since that day fortnight; average, 54s 2d on 441 qrs. Beans and peas were each 1s per qr dearer, whilst oats were held firmly at full prices, being at present principally dependent on foreign supplies.

here was" good supply of wheat st Lynn, and having an improved demand, fine qualities biought 1s per qr more money, but no change occurred in the value of other descriptions ; average, 50s 93d on 4,256 qrs. Malting barley was 1s per qr lower, but grinding sorts. fully as dear. Beans, peas, oats, and rye, were each 1s per qr higher. . ’

Ou Wednesday, at Mark lane, there were good arrivals of English wheat, wit! a moderate quantity of barley and oats, but the supplies from abroad were trifling. The new wheat on salefound buyers at quite Monday’scurrency, and a good demand was experienced for free foreign, at a further improvement of ls per yr. Barley moved off slowly, but lower prices were not submitted to. Beans and peas brought previous rates. Oats were taken steadily by the consumers at full prices. ]

At Boston, the quantity of wheat on offer was less than the previous week which sold at an advance of 2s per qron the rates of that day se’nnight, new red 52s to 56s; old 463 to 50s; new white 545 to 58s; old 50s to 54s

perqr. There was some demand for inferior deseriptions of barley for feeding purposes, at Is per qr higher terms. Beans were in request and Is per qv dearer.

There were good supplies of wheat from Stockton, and likewise large coasting arrivals; the sale was free at an improvement of 2s to 8s per qr on last week’s rates—average 51s 11d on 578 qrs. Oats were taken freely at full prices, and barley was, a good deal inquired for, whilst beans and peas obtained quite as much money. Flour was 1s per sack dearer.

The farmers brought forward a large supply of wheat at Birmingham which was taken off freely at an enhancement of 2s to $s per qr on the rates of that day week ; average, 53s 4$d ov 4,185 qrs. No business was transacted in foreign. Grinding barley§ was much inquired for, but other sorts were dull of sale. Beans and peas moved off steadily at quiteas much money, but no improvement could be obtained. Oats were slow at late rates. The averages of the neighbouring towns were — 54s 1d on 344 qrs at

Wolverhampton. At Glasgow, wheat was inquired for, and readily brought the rates of last

week, and for superior qualities rather higher terms were obtained. The dem:nd for flour was large for all good qualities, and prices have advaneed 33 per sack and 2s perbarrel. New barley continues in request, 53 to 54 lbs. Scotch brought readily 288 to 29s per 320 lbs; other sorts were neglected. Oats being in better supply, attracted less attention, but previous rates were nearly maintained, whilst, meal was iu dema:d, and commanded 44s to

45s per load for new. : At Bristol there was a good quantity of English wheat on sale, which met

a quick sale at an advance of 2s per qr over the prices of last week ; the average was 51s 21 on 749 qrs. The transactions that occurred in free foreign were at a similar enhancement. Flour met a moderate «lemand at 1s per sack higher rates. Malting barley was much wanted, and would have

brought foll prices, whilst for grinding sorts fully as much money was obtained. Oats from their seareity were quite as. dear.

Although the supply of wheat at Stowmarket has been good, prices rose ls to 2s per qr, with a general demand. At Newbury there were liberal supplies of wheat from the farmers, which met a steady sale at 1s to 2s per qr advance ; the average was 538 91 0n 1,460 qrs. Grinding barley was ob-

tainable on rather lower terms, but there was no demand for other sorts. There was a large supply of wheat from the farmers at Edinburgh ; sales

were rather slow, but having a demand for seed, the top price advanced Is to2s per qr—the top of old weighed 644 lbs per bushel, and brought 78s —the top of new, 64 lbs, obtained 71s perqr. Barley was in good supply, and sold freely at about former terms, Oats were taken off at last week's

rates. whilst beans being in short supply, were fully 2s per qr dearer, with a realy sale,

The weckly averages announced on Thursday, were 51s 3d on 179,786 qrs

of wheat ; 368 1d on 22,186 qrsof bariey ; 28s7d on 37,947 qrs of oats; 338 on 955 qrsof rye; 41s 6d on 8,140 qrs of beans, and 40s 5d on 1,549 qrs of peas. The duty declined to 9s per qr on wheat; to 2s 6d per qr on barley, rye, beans, and peas, and to5s 5d per bri on flour,

On Friday, at Mark lane, there was very little English wheat on sale, with only a moderate quantity of other articles. A considerable extent of business was done in free foreign wheat, and all descriptions obtained an advance of 2s per qr generally. Barley was without change in value, whilst beans and peas were in request at fully as high rates. Oats were taken by consumers to a moderate extent at previous terms. The weather has undergone a change, and a good deal of rain has fallen since Wednesday, which will enable farmers to proceed with field work and lessen the supplies. There has been a renewed demand for wheat to export to France during the week. Lincolnshire, 63 bs per bushel, was taken at 56s per qr, free on board, on the coast.

The London averages announced this day were— Qrs. a &

Wheat ooo ose ese eco one 5,882 at 58 6 Barley coe eee eve 2,162 40 7 Vats ove ove wal on ose 2,965 % 2 Rye coe eee eo eee eve 354 37: «4 Beans eee eee eee ose ose 664 46 4 Peas on oe ose 346 58 9

Arrivals this Week, Wheat. Bariey. Oals. ‘lour. Qrs. Qrs. Qrs. Sacks.

English ... cee | Ss tet 2,570 ceccce 3,880! covcce 2,190 Irish .. eee — cece lo _ wee oo Foreign ... eco GBD. ~ cccere 190 4,540 ...000 — Ddris.

Sreps.—Our advices from Rotterdam of the 15th September state : —Trifling sales of red cloverseed, of prime quality, have taken place at 43s to 45s per ewt., f. o. b., and holders are firm; prime white is held at 47s to 49s. The flaxseed market is dull, and supplies are not yet coming freely forward ; for prime parcels, some speculator is giving high prices, but the tendency is for low rates, and first quality will come below 60s.” The samples we have of flaxseed and cloverseed are of very fine quality. —Cunningham and Co.'s Circular.

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i268

Grain imported and cleared for consumption, under the new law. Return dated Custom-house, 25th of Sept. 1846-

Wueat & Fiovur. BARLey. Duty. Cleared Cleared 5

Imported. for cons. Imported. for cons. Wheat. Barley. qrs. qrs. qrs qrs. £ £

Foreign ......0 33,214 24 0 1,922 348 12 60

Colonial.....-... 11,726 12,804 ncococoos = —— eversevece 689 —_

45,010 12,828 .coccocce 1,922 348 701 60

Nore.—Imported—Oats, 18,475 qrs; Peas, 1,776 qr; Beans, 1,937 qrs ; Indian corn,

4.356 qrs. Duty paid—Oats, 27,470 qrs; Peas, 1,420 qrs; Beans, 510 qrs; Indian corn, 5,608 qrs.

Total imports of the week . Total quantity duty paid ...... — as ° Total duty of the week ending Sept. 17 ...cesceeseeee eoseee

socenteanemeieatepeneneetssinnesn RED GIS. esooe 48,195 qrs-

£2,650

FOREIGN AND COLONIAL PRODUCE. §

INDIGO. In the early part of the week, accounts have been received from Cal- cutta, dated the 7th of August, confirming the former statements of the serious injury which heavy rains and inundations have done to the Indigo crops in all the lower Bengal districts in Tirhoot, &c. It is clear that it is one of those disastrous seasons which manifest themselves frora time to time, and unfortunately destroy the prospects of the indigo planters to a fearful extent. ‘The estimates of the total production are now about 90,000 maunds, and some accounts even express an apprehension that it will not even reach that quantity. By the same conveyance letters have been received from Madras,

stating that the Indigo crops in that district are likewise deficient. Some accounts mention 50,000 Madras maunds at 25 to English as the total quantity tu be shipped during the next season ; others about 16,000 Calcutta maunds, at 74 to English. Each of these figures give about the same result, namely, somewhat more than 5,000 chests against 10,000, which have-been shipped from Madras in one or two of the previous seasons.

There can be no doubt that an Indian indigo crop, which will bring to London, via Calcutta, only about 13,000 chests, and from Madras perhaps less than 5,000, must tend to enhance the value of the article at home, since it is well known that the annual delivery of indigo from the London warehouses for export and home consumption is now about 30,000 chests per year. However, there is at present little speculative inclination for the article in our markets, and the transactions since the receipt of the above news do not reach more than about 300 chests, at an advance upon the last July sales of about 3d per Ib.

The temporary absence of speculation in this article is caused by the disproportionately large declarations of indigo for the ensuing October sales. Upwards of 20,000 chests have been already announced, and it is well known that the actual purchases in the Octo- ber sales amount to from 5,000 to 9,000 chests. There can be no doubt that a great portion of the declared quantity will be withdrawn, and as soon as the extent of such withdrawals are known or | may be estimateu, confidence will be restored, and it is very likely that, in the progress of the October sales, extensive purchases will be made, since the article is unusually cheap, and in increasing consumption in all parts of Europe and the United States. We shall next week be able to lay the usual monthly statistics

before our readers, which will, with the present certain prospects of much reduced supplies from India during the next season, probably | afford a more than common interest to the trade and to speculators.

THE CROPS AND THE WOOL TRADE (From our own Correspondent.)

Lerpzic, Sept. 14.—As we foretold, barley aud oats have only yielded two-thirds of an average crop; the consequence is, that they have risen in

Till now the potato disease in the interior of Germany is of no consequence.

The wool trade continues very brisk. In Beilin, Hamburg, and English, buyers have been continnally buying since our last accounts. Lambs’ wool of every kind was particularly songlit after, «specially fine, which, according

Considerable lots of white light

ao N GERMANY.

| fleeces, in good condition, found ready buyers up to 68 dollars, which made the choice rather deficient, and caused the buyers to ask after wools from Prassia Proper, which offered some of very good quality. Hitherto very

| little Polish wool has arrived there, aud the total of the stock amounts to

30,000 ewt. In Breslau the wool trade was also very brisk. Foreigners bought principally Polish fleeces from 60 to 70 dollars, and the Prussian manufactures from 50 to 60 doliars. A lot of Silesian wool fetched 88 dol- lare. The trade in lambs’ woo! was not so brisk as before, nevertheless some

very fine sorts fetched 90 to 100 dollars. Altogether there have been sold there during the two last weeks 1,700 ewt. The stock amouvts to 17,000 ewt. In Pesth, at the fair ending Angust 27th, there were uncommonly many buyers, and also much wool. The great fa!ling of prices, which had been so generally expected, did not take place ; they only fell about 2 to 4 fiorins. The owners of sheep, who have their wool lying yet, kept very firm, whereas the speculators give way, and several of them sold even at trifling losses; on the other hand, however, some of them have preferred waiting for better times. There wore sold nca:ly 16,000 ewt. In Pesth and its neighbourhood, there are yet 25,000 ewt, of which 10,000 ewt are in first hands. By far the pirt was bought for home consumption ; foreigners were very backward in buying, and several went away without having made any purchases at all. The next wool fairin Pesih will be in November, when much wool will be taken there. In Vienna trade is very dul), as well! as in Frankfort-on-tlie- Maine.

greatest

wool the

EASTERN COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. (From I

We have to announce the receipt since our last issue of two despatches

from home, one via Bombay, on the ilth ult., with London dates to the sth of June, and the other by the Bentinck steamer, of the 4th curr with intelligence up to the 24th of the same The advices by the former

the Caicutia Englishman).

nt,

[Sept. 26, ES

opportunity were, fgenerally {speaking, of so undecided a tenor that they had but little effect on our markets, with the exception of causing a general feeling of disajpointment at the extremely limited extent of the latter the accounts of some of our staple exports were rather more satisfactory, the amount of remittances was again s0 moderate that it is not to any encouragement from home that the somewhat improved state of affairs that we have toreport can be attributed.

In our import market there has of late been rather more activity obser vable, but still neither the amount of business doing for the prices obtainable are at all satisfactory, or what might have been anticipated from the improvement in other branches of trade, and from the season of the year.

Freights have not very materially varied; shortly after the dispatch of our last, a slight decline was submitted to, but they again rallied, and within the past few days have further advanced to our quotations notwithstanding rather numerous arrivals.

Inp1Go.—A very material alteration has taken place in the prospects of the crop within the past month, in consequence of a sudden rise of the rivers in some districts, and contiaued heavy rain in all. In many parts of Jessore the probability of an early inundation induced the planters to com- mence manufacture before the plant was quite ripe, and when the state of the weather rendered the produce anything but satisfactory.

When we last wrote, Tirhoot was expected to send down something under an average season, or about 20,000 maunds; from this may now be deducted one-half. We are of opinion that 10,000 maunds is the utmost that can fully be looked for from this district.

Our advices from the neighbourhood of Mirzapore and Ghazepore are less favourable than when we last wrote. SvuGar.—There has been a fair amount of business doing in this staple

throughout the past month, the demand having apparently been but little affected by the fluctuation in exchange, or eveu by the accounts from home ; all good yellow or dry brown descriptions have found an immediate sale on arrival at comparatively high prices, but the supply of these has continued very limited. SALTPETRE.—The inactivity in this market reported in our last, continued

for some time, and prices slightly declined; this, however, again brought purchasers into the market, and there his of late been a good demand for Great Britain, at, especially for the finer descriptions, full prices, notwithstanding that freight has not been obtainable on first class ships under 4/ 4g to 4 7s 6d per ton. For America, we have heard of but few purchases,

Rice.—Notwithstanding that the advices from England have of late been rather more encouraging for this staple, it has continued entirely neglected

for homeward shipment. and prices are completely nominal. Raw SitK.—There has within the past three weeks been more activity

in this market, owing to several parties having come forward to purchase,

being apparently tempted by the great falling off in the exports from this part,and by the somewhat improved demand for some descriptious of Ben- gal silk at home, as advised by the past mail or two, as well as by the down- ward tendency of exchange.

SILK Piece Goons.—A moderate amount of business has been done in Corahs during the month, at for low Gossim bazaar goods, of which, with few exceptions, stocks eniirely consist, at 95r. to 105r. per corge ; superior or even fair qualities continue scarce, and would bring high prices. In choppas or bandannas we have but few salesto report, the only parcels in the market being of very inferior quality.

SHELL Lac anp Lac Dye.—Shie!l lac has been in moderate inquiry for England and America, anda few parcels of middling Beerbhooms have found purchasers at 8r. to 9r. per maund,

In Lac Dye there has been even less doing, and almost entirely in low and middling qualities, so that for this article our quotations for most marks are necessarily nominal.

Hipes.—A considerable amount of business was done in hides during July, especially in dead green Patna, and in first and second quality Calcutta slaughtered, but at reduc d rates, Ow Seeps.—There has been rather more doing in these seeds for the

English and French markets, owing to the comparatively moderate demand tor America having compelled holders to submit to a decline, and also to freight having in some instances been obtained on ships anxious to fill up at a considerable reduction on the established rates.

OptumM.—The stock in the Company's godown last evening consisted of 2,905 chests of Patna, and 770 of Benares.

A report is current to the effect that the prompt on future sales will be reduced from one month to 15 days, which will most probably materially affect speculation,

Monty Market.—The declaration of a half-yearly dividend by the Bank of Bengsl, at the rate of 13°6 per cent per annum, asreported in our last, was followed by the Union Bank at the rate of 7 per cent. Government securilics have been steadily advancing in value, and are firm at the following quotations in Bank stock ; we still seldom hear of operations, there being but few parties wiliing to invest at the rates demanded.

Current Value of Governmest Securities, Bank Stock, &c. ? Rs. Rs.

Transfer, Five per Cent ssseersesosssseeeerseee 8 O 0 tO 10 0 O pm. Second ditto, according to NOS..........0.08 0 8 Oto 300— Thi:id dO. ccccessee eoeevensecesece » 112 Oto 240—

New dO. cosccscecccs cosceseeescoes 5 0 Oto 589 —

Sica rupees, Four per Cent «...ccccreeeee 6 0 Oto 7 O O dis, Company’s FUpeeS, GILLO sresereeseeserecrereeee 4 8 Oto 5 0 O—

Co.'s rs. Co.'s rs. Bank of Bengal shares....... vere 4,000 each pm, 2,450 to 2,550 pm Union Bank Gitto ceccccccecesceeses 1,000 ditto 145 to 150 —

Agra Bank ditto ° . 0 ditto 240 to 250 — Oriental Bunk ditto ......... onieine 590 ditto 180 to _

N. W. Bank of India ............ 500 ditto fold 190 to 290 - (newl00 to 130 —

Frricuts.—Shortly after our last the tendency was decidedly downwards,

but withiu the past week or ten days rates have rallied considerably, not-

withstanding numerous arrivals, and are now apparently firm.

CHINA MARKETS. (From the China Mail.)

Canton, July 20.—Owing to tle late disturbance having caused a great want of coufidence, and to the continued searcity of money, tle market for both imports and exports has been in an extremely depressed state. Large shipments are being made to Bombay, and a few ships are loading sugar for England. With the exception of these operations, the stagnation in the miar- kets amounts to a comp!ete suspension of business.

IMPORTS,

Cvutton.—The market has continued to fa!!, and is in a most d: pressed state. The following are the stocks and delivcries since the 20th ult.,;—De-

liverics, 14,071 bales; stock, 65,006 bales. At the corresponding period of

last year the stock was 54,292 bales, and in 1844 114,971 bales, CoTTON YARN.—We have not heard of a single sale during the month, LoNGCLOoTHS.—Ho!lders continue to evince the same degree of firmness as

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THE ECONOMIST.

————————————————————————eeeEeEeEeEeEeEeeeEeEeEeEeee

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1846.] THE ECONOMIST.

SY

1269 mentioned last mouth, the fact being that cash payments are quite out of the question, and the export markets afford no article of barter. AMERICAN Goovs have receded in price, but,operations have been upon

a fair scale. LonG ELL have pretty well maintained the improvement noticed in our

last. Spanisu Srrirés also continue to maintain themselves, and sales to a fair

extent are reported at 1.15 to 1.30 long. BeTeEL Nur remains extremely dull, with a considerable stock in im-

porte:s’ hands. RaTTANS continue in fair request,and previous rates fully maintained. Crioves have remained dull, at 25 dols to 27 dols long. Rick has again fallen. OriuM.—Malway continues to droop; very large quantities have been

sent to Woosung, and more is about to be sent. The stocks here are very heavy, and the demand languid.

EXPORTS.

Tras.—The new congous are now arriving pretty freely, but as yet the market is unopened, though it is said that one chop has been shipped on Chinese account. From 80 to 100 chops have come down, for which 84 to 40 tacls are wanted; but these rates being several taels above those offered by shippers, it probably will be some time before shipments to any extent take place. The quantity of the highest grade is less than usual; of the medium qualities there will be a full crop. Nine Yongs are com ing in fast, though we have not yet heard of any purchases. For good cargo quality 24 taels are wanted ; superior, 26 to 30 tacls, and fine 34 to 42 tue's. Orange pekoe totally neglected. Of Canton greeus the sales are very trifling, and the stock considerable, SuGar.—The heavy exports to England and Bombay have tended to raise

the price of soft—say, No. 1, 5.70 dollars to 4.20 for No. 3. Cassia LiGNkA.—The sugar ships for England are filling up with this

article, which can be bought at 10 dollars. : Cassta OiL.—215 dollars, FreiGHTS.—To England, 41 10s to 4115s, Most of the available ships have

been taken up for sugar, and tonnage is likely again to be scarce when the tea market opens. Ships to Bombay much wanted. Sugar 40 cents per picnl ; sugar candy 70 cents. ExcuanGrs.—Company’s bills at 60 days, 212 5 accepted, 208 ;

tionable bills on England at 6 months, at 4s 3$d to 4s 4d. Mexican dollars not to be had. Sycee 8 to 9 percent. EXCHANGE IN Hone Kone.—Oriental Bank rates.—On England, 6 months

sight, 4s 83d to 48 3)d; 1 day’s sight, 48 ldd; on Calcutta, 60 day’s sight, 210 to 212 per 100 dollars,

unexcep-

Rupees, 210.

SUANGHAE, June 12. IMPORTS,

Orium.—The market is in statu quo. Old Patna? nominally 745 to 750 for Sycee ; new Patna, 740 ditto; Malwa, 730 ditto.

EXPORTS. Trade is miserably bad still. Musters of six or seven chops of the new

congous have made their appearance ; but I have heard of no operations being entered into as yet. The new silk may be expected to arrive in about a fortnight, and although lower prices than have been ruling for some months past are talked of as being the opening value of the new crop, I am fully of opinion no‘decline in prices will be submitted to by the producers, and certainly not if the crop is by any means deficient in yield.

IMPORTS. MANILLA, July 38.—The market for imports continues without any change

of importance. EXPORTS.

SuGAR.—Since my last the sugar market has been kept tolerably quict in consequence of the want of British tonnage, and some considerable purchases are waiting shipment. Were the means of shipping sugar at hand, aud the price of tonnage 41 10s to 5/ per ton, it is not likely that with exchange on England at the present rate of 4s 5d, any further advance would occur on the quotations of 44 dollars, which is the rate at which the last purchases were made. Even at this price the dealers are reluctant to make contracts, as they declare that, with the present high prices for the crude material, which are fully maintained by the growers in the interior, no profit, but a loss even, may be made in furnishing current clayed sugar at 4} dollars per picul. Corrxe.—The price demanded for good parcels is 9 dollars to 9} dollars,

and for those of an inferior quality 84 dollars. The quantity left is small, CorpaGe.—The quotations have not varied, and the supply is regularly

kept up by the makers. Cigars.—There has been no delivery of cigars from the government fac-

tory since the 25th of May, and none are to be furnished, it is said, until the 25th of the present month, when the quantity which is likely to be distributed will probably be small, as the operatives are busily employed in the manufacture of other descriptions of cigars for the consumption of the country and for special purposes,

Saran Woop—Continues plentiful at the previous quotations of 14 dollar per picul for good stia'ght shipping quality. InDIGo.—A good deal of ordinary quality is on hand, but no transactions

have been reported lately. ExcuanGes.—On London, six months’ private bills are dull at 48 5d to

is 54d. Some bills have been forced on the market at 4s 6d; but I consider

the previous quotation a fair one of the day. Treasury-bills at 30 days have been sold at 4s 434, but some parcels are held at 4s 31. Bills on China par to one per cent premium, but the demand is not active.

July 15. Hemp.—Parcels are purchased as they arrive in the river unscrewed at 34

dollars, and some large lots in store are now held at 33 dollars. The quantity purchased at 3 dollars 2¢ 6r was confined to one or two small parcels, SuGar.—Some puichases are said to have occurred at 44 dollars, an advance

of 1 real upon the preceding quotations, ExcuanGr.—On London six months’ bill 4s 444, and very dull at this rate.

~ AMERICAN COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. THE New York markets of the 3d instant closed as follows :—

BREADsTUFFs.—The receipts of flour continue as last noticed—very light. This witha pretty fair inquiry for home use, and also a moderate demand

| for export has caused an advance of 124 cents on western since this day

| sales are only wanted, at 4 dols 25¢

week. Oswego has been sold at 4 dols, 4 dols 9c, and at 4 dols 12he.

Some new Troy clianged hands at 4 dols 183¢. Genesee is selling at 4 dols

Lsie, Which is the current rate; a parcel was sold at 4 dols 124e. Old round hoop 4 dols, flut do 4 dols 124e—the current rate 4 dols; insouthern there is no change, either in prices or the general appearance of affairs. The

for brandywine. The other descriptions as last quoted. Rye flour is in moderate demand, at 2 dols 75¢ to 2 do!s

874¢e. Jersey corn meal for export at 2 dols 56ic ; some ask 2 dols 62}c’ brandywine 3 dols cash. In wheat there exists but a moderate inquiry ’ the supply is large,and the receipts fair. Some large lots of western red changed hands, principally for milling purposes, at 83c to 85c; also some; Genesee fur export at 90 cash. Rye—Northern has slightly declined receipts are light. Sales made at 68 cents, for milling generally. Sales were also made on Tuesday as 75 cents, but this price could not be obtained yesterday. Corn is better; a good demand exists, and prices have advanced. Sales in southern yellow were made at 583 to 54 cents, measure ; northern 55 to 56 cents; western 53 to 544, weight. The amount of wheat said to have been sold for export from the 1st to the 31st of August is 29,664,bushels, of corn 7,231, and rye 41,999. .

Corrox.—The sales yesterday were 1,000 bales; to-day we hear of 800 bales. Prices are without change, and will, probably, remain the same until the arrival of the steamer now due. Our outside quotations, it must be borne in mind, are those we refer to at present,

LIVERPOOL CLASSIFICATION, New Orleans,

Uplands, Florida. Mob, & Texas. Cents, Cents. Cents.

Inferior ccccscocccssce = tO —— cescseese —= tO eeccecece to— | | Ordinary eres. — 7% —- 7% — § Middling ...... — 8} — 8} — 8&2 Good middling ° gi -_ 84 — &4 — 8?

Middling fair. - 84 — 82 — 83 — 9} Fair .. 8, — 9 — 9 — 9

Fully fair... coeve 94 — 94 — 9% =a Good fair .. . 93 — 9% = 93 ml Find... none sevsinnte none. coc ececes none

a

LONDON MARKETS—TRANSACTIONS OF THE WEEK. FRIDAY MORNING.

SuGar.—There has been an increased demand for all descriptions of colonial, and the market is rather higher. On Tuesday the trade and refiners purchased to a large extent, and prices were quite 6d dearer for British West India; 100 hhds Barbadoes sold with spirit at 46s to 49s for low and mid., and 50s to 54s 6d for good and fine ; 339 casks 76 barrels Jamaica went readily at prices 6d to 1s above the general valuations ; low to good light grocery, 46s Gd to 51s. The sales up to yesterday amounted to 2,300 hhds and tierces; good grocery sugars, being most in demand and rather scarce, have commanded very high prices, and in some instances 1s advance has been paid.

Mauritius —A good deal of inquiry has existed, but the large quantity declared for public sale to-day, has prevented transactions to any extent.

Bengal.— All coloury descriptions must be quoted 6d to 1s higher, with a very good demand by the trade. On Tuesday, the public sales, amounting to 4,143 bags, went off with spirit, white Benares 50s to 55s 6d for mid to fine low, and grey 478 to 49s, yellow 44s to 44s 6d, fine white Cossipore 63s, washed ditto 61s to 628. Privately there has been a good deal of enquiry, and sales to a fair extent effected. Madras.— At auctior, 7,032 bags chiefly damp brown, were about half sold,

the demand not being very brisk, but, subsequently, the whole has been taken, yellow, low to good, 41s to 45s; brown, 378 to 40s 3 low, 35s to 36s per cwt.

Foreign East India.—The market is firm, and rather higher rates paid, with a better demand. 7,000 bags Manilla brought extreme prices, good bright

yellow, 51s to 51s 6d; low to fair strong grey, 453 to 49s percwt. 900 bags damp China, are reported at 49s for yellow.

Foreign.—Several transactions are reported of duty paid, for consumption ; the supply is now very moderate. Biazil is more inquired for; 150 chests brown Bahia have sold at 44s. By private contract, 12,000 bags Manilla, are

reported, and 4,000 bags China, at 49s; 3,000 bags Pernambuco, at 41s to 43s; and 400 casks Porto Rico, at 46s 6d per ewt. No business worth notice has been done in Havana duty paid. For export the demand is very

limited ; about 1,500 chests yellow Havana, have been sold in bond at 23s to 26s. The arrivals since this day week are to a moderate extent.

Refined.—A large amount of business has been done in nearly all kinds, and prices closed firm at 1s advance of yesterday, the stock of goods being much reduced ; brown lumps were selling at 63s to 638 6d, to pass the standard 64s 6d to 65s; fine goods more inquired for, and several sales made at the highest quotations. Bastards have risen 1s to 2s. Pieces are also 1s higher. Treacle continues to alvance with an extensive demand. In bonded grods rather more business doing ; English crushed has been in moderate request at 33s, Loaves have sold readily at 333 for 10 lbs. Dutch crushed is nominal at 35s to 35s 6d per ewt.

Molasses.—The salcs in West India are unimportant, few parcels of new being in the market. Bengal treacle has been in demand.

CoFFrEE.—The market remains dull, and prices are barely maintained. Of Jamaica 50 casks only have been offered, chiefly triage and mixed qualities,

which sold cheap; fine ord 50s 6d, ragged and shrivelled 31s to 47s, triage 15s

to 31s. There is not much business doing in the ordinary kinds of Ceylon ; the present large stock and continued heavy supplies appear to check confidence amongst the trade; at public sale 1,200 bags were about half disposed of without alteration on previous quotations ; good ord greenish 41s, ordinary and ragged 39s to 40s. Plantation has sold at last week’s rates; middling coloury 65s to

70s 6d, fine ordinary grey 548 6d to 57s 6d, pea berry 64s to 698. Mocha is very dull ; yesterday 163 bales were withdrawn. Common kinds of East India are without alteration. 1,000 bags Padang are reported at previous rates, 233 6d to 24s. Large parcels of foreign have been offered, which were taken freely by the shippers at full prices. 4,039 bags Costa Rica went at 33s 6d to 40s 6d, superior coloury 50s to 56s 6d. 2,373 bags, 135 casks, &c., La Guayra coloury

50s to 60s, fine fine ord to mid 38s to 48s. TEA.—Public sales, to the extent of 12,900 packages, were brought forward

yesterday, but the quantity sold was very small, not exceeding 1,400, which were

partly in catty boxes and out of condition; fine Hyson sold at 3s 3d, fair ditto 28 3:d to 2s 4d, fair Twankay 1s 2d per lb. The market has been very dull

during the week, and prices without material alteration; ordinary to good ordinary Congou has sold at 8jd to 9d. The total deliveries of tea in London to 16th inst. have been upwards of a million and a quarter pounds more than in 1845 at corresponding date. Cocoa.—At public sale 161 bags Trinidad sold at full rates ; mid to good

bright red 42s to 45s. Foreign continues without alteration.

RICE tion during the week, no publicsales having been brought forward.

very firm at 23s to 25s for Patna, and 34s to 40s for Carolina.

Fruit.—The stock of old currants is quite exhausted. first arrival of new Patras has been sold at the high price of 56s, but large

supplies are daily expected. Valencia raisins continue in good demand at the opening price, 428; further arrivals have taken place. Muscatels in layers have been in demand, and sales made at 60s; bunch at 483. More inquiry has

existed for Turkey fruit ;

Cleaned is lhe market for East India has been quiet, and prices without altera- |

?

A portion of the |

Chesmes in barrels have brought 31s per cwt. In | other descriptions little business has been done.

§ qj 4

sua meeresener sn

rca.

SRE

Sg Sh EER Sa eT Se RE IE SL ERR Cal a ERS SRE NR RR

= eS a a SS POSES SE

a

1270

Perrer.—The market continues quict, but holders are firm, and prices without alteration. 1,783 bags Penang in public sale were bought in at 24d to 24d for common light. White continues dull; 81 bags taken im at 3{d per Ib.

Prmenro.— Holders have obtained extreme rates for small parcels. Cassta LiGNEA.—There has not been a public sale, and prices remain

steady ; some small parcels have brought former rates. OrneR Spices.— Jamaica Ginger meets with more inquiry ; the public sales,

amounting to 230 barrels, &c. found buyers; ordinary to fine 2/ to 7i, low 35s. East India sells readily; 50 cases unscraped realised 27s 6d; 167 pkgs cultivated Bengal brought 248 to 31s. Large parcels Nutmegs are advertised for to-day. Cloves are firm, and the better kinds bring high rates. SALTPETRE.—Few orders being in the market the transactions are limited ;

of 2,700 bags Bengal in public sale, about half found buyers at 3d to 6d decline; refrac 4% to 7, 25s 6d; 10 lbs 25s; refined is firm.

NITRATE SoDA.— This. article is flat, and prices nominal. COCHINEAL.——-The better kinds of silver are 1d to 2d higher, with a good

demand; 270 bags Honduras chiefly found buyers: fine silver 5s 6d to 5s 8d; low to good 48 7d to 5s 5d; Mexican black, low 5s 6d to 5s 7d

Lac Dre.—Some small parcels have'so’d at full rates DrvuGs.—Some improvement has taken place in the demand for Camphor,

and 62s 6d paid; yesterday the public sales went off without spirit, and the greater part of the goods offered was taken in; Castor oil was in better demand ; E. I gums without material alteration, except Animi, which sold cheap , Turkey Opium bought in at 1is 6d; Turmeric sold «t 13s 6d to 14s for good ; Blood shellac very fine 70s; Cream Tartar went at 728 to 73s 6d per cwt. Hemp.—A good deal of inquiry exists, and prices have an upward tendency.

Clean St Petersburgh has brought an advance of 10s to 20s, the supply being much reduced. Manilla continues scarce. Jute finds a ready sale, at full rates

FLAX.—A good deal of business doing in Egyptian and other kinds, at full rates.

MetTaLs.—The. market continues free from excitement, but prices are firm in most instances. All kinds of manufactured iron continue to experience the same large demand, and prices are fully supported, common bar in Wales selling at 8/15, rails 10/. In Scotch pig sales have been made at rather lower rates, 75s accepted for No 1, and 733 6d for mixed numbers. Other metals remain nearly the same as last quoted, except tin, which is still advancing; sales made in East India at the quotations, 933, since refused for Straits; English is 3s

higher. Tin plates much the same. Spelter is very flat, and 19/ the nominal value.

SrEeps.—Several transactions are reported in linseed, at a further improvement in prices; fine Black Sea is now worth 45s to 46s, other kinds 39s to 43s per qr. Linseed cakes are in improved demand, and at higher rates; fine Eng- lish 122 108 per thousand ; foreign are selling at 8/ 10s to 10/ per ton, according to quality. Oms.—The same firmness exists; fish oils, however, do not advance, and the

demand is moderate, at present low rates; in pale Seal business to a fair extent is reported at 29/; Cod is dull, and 27/ the nearest value. Linseed has been taken to a fair extent, and a further advance of 3d paid. Rape is 1s higher. Cocoa Nut fully supports the recent improvement, and several parcels are reported.

Palm is firm at 308 3d to 30s 6d for fine quality, which is not plentiful. TAR.—Prices continue to advance for Swedish, no arrivals having taken place. TURPENTINE.— Rough has still an upward tendency. Spirits are much higher,

498 to 50s having been paid. TALLOw.—A further improvement of 3d to 6d has been paid. Ygsterday fine

St Petersburgh on the spot was quoted at 43s to 43s 3d new, and 4@s to 42s 9d old ; for delivery there has been business done at nearly the same rates. Some arrivals of colonial have taken place. Home made tallow is firm at the quotations.

DruGs.—104 casks gum Senegal went at 5/ to 5/ 2s 6d. Orm.— 40 tuns sperm brought 761 5s to 77/.10s. 83 tuns seal, 27) to 28/ 10s

per tun.

ADDITIONAL NOTICES.

Sucarg.—The home market for refined sugar is very firm, with a good demand. Treacle has advanced, and is in very great request. The bonded market is very firm. Loaves are very scarce ; about 150 hhds of 10ib loaves have been sold at 38s, and 100 tons of crushed, at 33s: to-day, 333 3d has been paid for small parcels in hhds, and 32s 6d in barrels. Treacle has fetched 14s 6d; 15s is now asked. Prices are very firm from Holland,

Frvuit.—Clearances of dry fruit for the week ending 21st instant :— Spanish Smyrna Raisins Raisins.

Cwt, Cwt.

BBIZ ccocceces 657 1845 eo © BETH cccccccce SOT cccccves BBOE* cvcccssee BBE cccccveee BRB ccveevere:» BBB: coocvewse

The Parca, with the first new cargo of Patras currants, arrived 22nd instant, and were taken readily by the trade at 56s; the quality not so good as last year’s. Valentia raisins. —Seven cargoes arrived since our last, and all that are landed sold at 42s, the quality is good and so is the demand. Ma'aga muscatells.—Some further arrivals, but prices keep drooping, the consumption of this kind of fruit being contracted, and the quantity pressing large. No inore figs or Smyrna fruits.

Green Faort.—Lemons continue scarce, fresh arrivals of the new crop from Spain daily expected. Some parcels of Lisbon grapes have been received, and sold at good prices. 600 boxes of onions, ex Francis and Mary, from Oporto, sold by Keeling and Hunt, went from 13s to 14s per box. 400 baskets of grapes, ex Giraffe, from Rotter- dam, 9d to lsper pound. 70 baskets of filbert nuts, ex Hopefu/, from Amsterdam, 2 per cwt. S1Lx.—The demand has again been very slack this week in the Italian market. The

| recent China news, although of no very decided character, are not generally considered

in any degree calculated to weaken prices; if any thing, rather the reverse be SeEeDs.—There is no variation to notice in the prices of seeds from this day week ; we

continue, however, to have a good steady demand. Cottox.—The excitement created last week by the advices of the injury done to the

| growing crop in the United States still continues, and there has again been a brisk market, and a large business has been transacted chiefly on speculation ; prices of Surat have advanced }{, at which advance the market continues firm

Sales of Cortow Woon from Friday, \8th Sept., to Surat,

Madras

Almon?s. Cwt.

Currants.

1846

Thursday, 21th Sept., inclusive 8,300 3¢ to 4 ordinary to good fair. 300 34 to 3§ middling to far Tinnivelly.

Total 8,600 bales.

The Hewr market has been gradually improving, anc it is now very firm at the quotation.

FLax is very steady, with every appearance of an advance. Forsicn Woo.t.—The sales are going off as well as at the beginning, and at good

prices, the attendance of buyers being well keptup. They will be over on Monday. LeaTHER anv Hipes.—There was a good attendance of buyers at Leadenhall on

Tuesday, and a ful! average busivess was done, generally at last week’s prices. The | supply of best heavy crop hides was again inadequate to the demand ; good English | butts, 241bs and upwards, were also scarce, and there was a cowsiderable demand for ealf skins, 45 lbs to 90 Ibs per dozen, for East India kips, about 7 Ibs, and for English horse hides. The Kast India kips, which last week consti uted the largest part of the public sales, brought genera''y the rates of the previous sale—the highest price being

| 103d. Not any of the salted North American (New Orleans) hides were sold. The

THE ECONOMIST. | Sept. 26 whole of the sound heavy Rio Grande hides were withdrawn, in consequenee of the importers’ declared expectation ofan advance: the heated were sold at 34 to 344 The salted Rio Grande horse hides brought 14s 6d to 15s 3d; damaged, 7s 6d: colts. 3sto 7a ic. The dry B. A. horse, 5s I!d to 10s 6d; salted North American, 7s 8d to i2s6d. The transactions by private contract have been confined to 1200 Rio Grande cows, at 4d, 4lb tare. Metats.—The metal market presents no new feature of any importance. Pj

iron continues dull, and manufactured exceedingly firm. In spelter there is little o nothing doing, but prices are nominally the same. There is a fair business d ‘ing in lead, at quotation prices. Copper is very firm. Tin is without alteration—English very firm, and an advance is shortly expected, and foreign rather dull of sale,

ENSUING SALES IN LONDON. TvESpAY, Sept. 29.—100 hhds Barbadoes sugar, 50 cuses Bahia do. 702 boxes Havana

do. 220 casks Ceylon do. 296 bags Honduras cochineal. WEDNESDAY, Sept 30.—500 cases Bahia sugar.

Grenada cocoa. 56 bags pimeno. wild do. 400 chests pearl sago.

65 tierces Jamaica coffee, 500 bags

30 cases mace. 100 Cases nutmegs, 300 bags

250 bags Bengal rice. 51 tierces Carolina do. THurspaa, Oet. 1.—4,930 bags Rio coffee. 5,038 barrels do. ‘luespay, Oct 6.—20,087 chests indigo.

POSTSCRIPT. FRIDAY AFTERNOON.

A large business has been done in the produce markets at full rates, and in severg] eases an advance paid on last weck’s rates.

Sue@ar.—A steady demand existed in the West India market, but the large public sales of East India and Mauritius occupied the attention of buyers ; 340 hhds sold making 3,550 for the week, at a rise of 6d to ls. Barbadoes sold at Tuesday’s rates, ies the extent of 100 hhds. Mauritius—The public sales have been large, amounting to 11,255 bags, the whole of which sold at full prices: coloury yellow, 46s to 48s, up to 52s 6d for very fine; brown, from 38s to 43s 6d; very low, 35s to 35s; chrystalised yellow, 56s. Bengal—2,777 bage, chiefly white, sold at au advance of 6d to 1s; fine selling, at 55s to 56s. Madras—i,355 bags, fine quality, brought high rates. good to very fine, 478 6d to 53s 6d. Foreign East India—7,500 mats China went rather lower for yellow, and previous rates for white; the former selling at 43s to 44s. the iatter at

49s to 50s, for soft grainy, Foreign—The market was quiet to-day. Refined—Prices were fully maintained.

Correk.—The sales to-day comprised 117 casks B P, and 222 bags Ceylon, consisting of odds and ends and triage, which sold very irregularly.

Rice.— Business was reported on Bengal at full rates. SALTPETRE.—~1,752 bags Bengal were bought in above the value; refrac 3} to 4, at

26s 6d per cwt.

NuTMEGs.—16 cases Penang brought 287d to 4s 1d for small to good brown, being rather higher Hemp.—277 bales Jute sold 1/ higher; good, 19/.

12/ 5s.

200 bales town hemp, 12/ to

PROVISIONS. ButTTEeR.—The alteration in the weather has led to moreinquiry for Irish, both landed

and on board, at an advance of from Is to 28s per cwt. Carlow may be quoted at 94s to 98s on board, Cork 93s to 94s, Limerick 90s to 92s, Waterford 92s to 95s. There 's very little difference between the landed and on board price, which show the determination of the Irish agents and dealers to insure higher prices before large sa'es are made, A\l- though this article is considerably dearer than last year, it is only relatively so compared to cheese ond lard. The arrival of foreign is only 6,310 casks, which is considerably less than the demand, consequently the price has advanced from 100s to 102s. The stock of Irish is 5,630 less than corresponding week last year, and 9,750 less than 1444. The deliveries show a corresponding consumption.

Bacon.—There is very little alteration in this article ; the high price has considerably lecreased the consumption. The stock is 2,600 bales Jess than last year, and nearly equal to 1844. The delivery is 2,190 bales less than last year, and 1,000 less than 1544 The failure of the potatoe crop, and the high price of provisions generally, leaves little chance of lower prices in this article.

Ham.—Only a very small supply of Irish to size and quality.

beard. Larp.—Remains much the same as last week.

it prices varying frem 88s to 96s. according The supply of foreign is very small; holders are now asking 70s on

Cueese.—The high prices in the west has induced the holders and country agents to send forward a large supply to Reading fair. The stock is said to be from 5 to 600 tons,

one-third more than last year, which occasioned a very dull fair, as the buyers were very shy in purchasing. No doubt had this large stock been in the hands of the makers instead of the agents, much lower prices would have been taken. The fair lasted three days instead of two ; prices may be quoted fordouble, 56s to 66s, Somerset 58s to 70s, loaf 66s to 72s. Theaccounts froin Holland represent the hot weather as having injured their stock of cheese this summer, in a greater degree than any former years The make is said to be very good, but the extra demand for France, Scotland, and the North of England, has left very little stock on hand at present high rates, being from 6s to 3s higher than corresponding prices last year.

Provisions.—The annual government contract has been advertised, viz. 16, 00 tierces beef, and 18,0: 0 barrels pork, which is an increase compared with last year of 4,000 tierces beef and 4,000 barrels pork. The contractor is restricted to beef and pork of the United Kingdom, which in the present state of the meat market is a very unwise re- striction, tending to advance the present high prices of beef and pork. The experience of those accustomed to the trade shows that a superior article in proportion to prime pieces and putting up (being less salted), night be procured from America at from 10s to 20s per tierce and barrel less than the government will have to pay under the present condition of their contract. The finer qualities of American beef is preferred by the owners of ships trading to India in preference to Irish.

Comparative Statement of Slocks and Weekly Deliveries. Burrer. SACON,

Delivery Stock Delivery 13,570 7,959 3,760 9,000 5,390 1,570

Arrivals r the Past Week.

Trish Butter eee ons ove oe 6,750 Foreign do eee ove eee 6,310 Irish Bacon ° oes oce 520

Stock

20,510

23,990 1845 1846...

firkins casks bales

NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL, Monday, Sept. 21.—Very limited supplies of country- killed meat have been received hither since Monday last, but those offering slaughtered in the m polis have been seasonably good. Each kind of prime meat—mutton in particular—has commanded a very steady sale at fully previous quotations, but the middling and inferior kinds hung on hand, With foreign meat we have been well supplied, and the whole on « ffer have been disposed of at good prices.

Fripay, Sept 25.—The general demand what heavy, on the following terms :—

was som

per stone, by the Carcass.

sd eo é ef

Inferior beef ... oe oes 2 8 | Mutton, inferior ow 3 6 310 Middling dit oe ove 3.0 | middling Prime large 4 Prime » Small ditto 3 8 «| Large pork o aa © Veal on an sais mes 8 | Small pork ot 1s ww 4 3 §

Lamb, 4s 8d to 5s 8d.

| — 3

4

SmrTHFrirLtp, Monday, Sept. 21 —The imports of live stock from abroad into London in the past week, have been considerable ; those at the outports decidedly on the increase. With this increase we have to report a very great improvement in quality— in that of the sheep in particular ; and it is an instructive fact to notice the greatdiffer- ence in the general condition of the arrivals compared with that at previous correspoad- ing periods of the year. Many of the sheep which have lately come to hand exhibit signs of crossing with our Downs and other black-faced sheep; and, altogether, they exhibit more aptitude to fatten than we have ever before noticed. The following are

the arrivals since Monday last. Iuto London, 160 oxen, 641 cows, 2,219 sheep, 16 lambs, 85 calves ; into Newcastle, Plymouth and Hull, 431 oxen, 136 cows, 160 sheep, 42 calves,

36 pigs, exhibiting a total number of not less than 3,926 head of various kinds of stock.

Sener FFF ''-0€0€& O0©«C&©& rr TA

1846. | _—_———————————

In addition to these arrivals, sev« ral packages of fresh meat hay e been received from Harlingen, in good condition, while, from Ireland, about 200 pigs have come to hand by sea. As several vessels have been again despatched to Holland for the purpose of loading cattle, large imports may be expected. In addition to the above arrivals, 100 beasts and 300 sheep were landed from the Rotterdam steamers this morning, which, together with 600 of those which arrived last week, 1,900 sheep and lambs, and 27 calves, were on sale to-day. Nearly the whole found buyers, at full prices. From our own grazing

districts the number of beasts was large, but of middling quality. Prime Scots, Here-

fords, &c, moved off steadily, at full prices ; but most other kinds hung on hand, though

we cannot consider them cheaper. The numbers of sheep were seasonably good, but not so large as those exhibited for some time past. The mutton trade was brisk, at an

advance in the quotations of from 2d to 4d per 8lbs, the best old Downs readily pro-

ducing 5s per 81bs. Lambs were in good request, at a rise of from 2d to 4d per 8ibs, at which a good clearance was effected. In calves and pigs, the supply of which was moderate, a good business was doing, at extreme currencies.

Per 8lbs to sink the offals. sé ese @} ethnw €

Coarse and inferior beasts ... 2 10 3 ©| Prime coarse woolled sheep... 4 6 4 8

Second quality do ... «» 3 2 3 6] Prime south down de es 90818088

Prime large oxen ... «. 3 8 $3 10| Large coarse calves os 0s. O10 4:46 Prime Scots, &c. «. 4 O 4 2) Prime small do sal 48 410

Coarse and inferior sheep... 3 10 4 0{| Large hogs oo es BOO C Second quality do... ee 4 2 4 4 Neat small porkers oe 60 64 CUBlCOU4 10

Lambs 5s 0d to 6s 0d

Suckling calves,18s to 30s; and quarter old store pigs, 16s to 20s each. Beasts, 4,125

sheep and lambs, 29,320; calves, 170; pigs, 589. Fripay, Sept. 25.—The supply of beasts on offer being large, and the attendance of

buyers small, the beef trade was very dull,at a decline in the quotations of 2d per 8lbs.

There were in the market 230 oxen and cows, 390 sheep, and 22 calves from Holland, together with 75 oxen from Spain, the latter of which sold at from 12/ to 18/ per head. A vessel arrivedin the river this moruing from Harlingen with 120 beasts on board, 75 of which were smothered on their passage. With sheep we were scantily supplied, yet the mutton trade was inactive at Monday’s prices. In lambs exceevingly little was doing. and the currencies suffered an abatement cf from 2d to 4d per Sibs. Calves and pigs, the numbers of which were good, moved off slowly at late rates. Milchcows produced from 16/ to 19/each, including their small calf. Supply at market—Beasts, 1,132; sheep, 6,800 ; calves, 285; pigs, 540. Hors, BorovGn, Monday, Sept. 2!1.—S me business during the last week has been

done in hops, at the quotations in our last number. This was anticipated to supply assortment at Worcester fa'r on Saturday last. The opinion is now wery current that the duty will reach 216,000 to 220,0002, but there is no betting on it.

Frivpary, Sept. 25.—Although the supply of new hops is very extensive, and of fine quality, there is an increased amount of business doing ; yet we can notice no actual improvement in the quotations. The duty is backed at from 210,000/ to 220,000, New Sussex pockets, 3/ 15s to 4/ 8s; Weald of Kent ditto, 4/ 25 to 4412s; Mid. and East Kent ditto, 4/ 143 to 6/ 6s.

HAY MARKETS.—TwHourspDay. SMITHFIELD.—Old meadow hay 3/ 3s to 4/ 0s, new ditto 2/ 8sto 3/108, o'd clover

41 15s to 5d 10s, new ditto 3/ 10s to 4/ 15s Oat straw 1/ 8s to 1410s, wheat stvaw 1/ 10s to 1/ 12s per load. Trade very dull, at the above quotations. CuMBERLAND.—Old meadow hay 3/ 5s to 4/ 0s, new 2/ 10s to 3/ 18s, old clover 42 15s

to 5/ 8s, new ditto 3/ i0sto 4410s. Oat straw I/ &s to 1/ 10s, wheat straw 1/ lls to 1 13s per load. A full average supply, and a sluggish demand. WaiTrecHAPEL.—Old meadow 3 8s to 4/ 0s, new ditto 2/ 5s to 3/ 10s, old clover 4/ 15s

to 5/ 12s, new ditto 3/ 10s to 4/ 16s. Oat straw 1/ 8s to 1é 10s, wheat straw l/ 10sto 1/ 12s per load. Supply good, and trade very dull.

MARKETS OF THE MANUrACTURING DISTRICTS.

HUuDDERSFIELD, 24th Sept.—Our market to-day has been pretty good for home consumption, especially in fancy vestings, for which many mannfac- turers are still busy to order, The foreign demand for winter goods may be con:idered as nearly over.

BrapDForbD, Sept. 24.—Pieces—We have had rather a dull market to-day. The foreign buyers have almost completed their purchases of winter goods. The home trade still keeps up its demand, and we hope will continue to do 80 for some time to come. Yarn—There are considerable quantities of yarns disposed of, although at exceedingly low prices, such, indeed, as do not re- munerate, and much spinning machinery is standing. Wool ia not quite so firm in some hands, although the prersure on the market is by no means great. Middle wethers may be quoted 111 10s to 111 15s, and middle hogs, 121153 to 13/ per pack.

MANCHESTER, Tuesday, Sept. 22.—The market to-day has shown an increased firmness in prices, though no great amount of business has been done. Most descriptions of yarn have advanced }1 to 4d per pound; and manufacturers have generally succeeded in obtaining the slightly increased rates which they asked, but could not command, last week.

2cCHDALK, Monday, Sept. 21.—The demand for flannels has not been so good as it was on the previous Monday, whilst prices liave been much the

same. The woo! market has been rather still, and the business transacted limited.

Lexps, Tuesday, Sept. 22.—We had a thin attendance of buyers and a very dull market to-day at our cloth halls. The unusually fine and warm weather brings the demand of the home trade later on, and thus retards

operations, which generally begin ere now.

LIVERPOOL MARK ETS.— Wednesday. (From the Liverpool and Manchester Price Current.)

We have again to report an active weck in the general Produce Markets. The quantity of produce brought forward has been considerable ; sales have been made with free- dom at full, and in some instances higher, rates.

AnNnaTTo.—Sales of a few casks have been nade at 6d, Brimstone.—About 100 tons ave reported at an advance of 5s on the finest qu»lity.

® Corren.—The principal transactions this week have been a public sale of 3,000 bags Bahia, which were all taken by the exporters, at 268 to 29s 4d, being an advance of is to ls 6d upon last sales of this description. 700 bags tine Laguayra, for consumption, sold at full prices. Cowrres.—The demand continues good ; 600 pockets dead are reported at 25s, and

30 cases live at 50s, Dyewoop.—A fair business has been done this week ; the sales comprising 80 tons

Campeachy logwood, at 7/ for damaged, and 7/ 7s 6d to 7/ 15s for sound ; 45 tons St Domingo and Honduras at 5/ to 5/ 5s, and 200 tons Jamaica at 4/ 5s to 41 7s 6d; 20 tons Cuba fustic at 10/ to 102 10s 530 tons Jamaica at 5/ to 5/4 108; 180 tons Zaupote at 4é lis to 5/, 20 tons Honduras at 5/ 5s, 60 tons damaged Puerto Cabello at 4/ 15s to 41 17s 64 ;

70 tons Lima wood at 14/ 10s ; 50 tons Sapan wood at 15/ to 16d; and some small lots of red sanders wood and camwood at previous rates Fruir.—Dried.—We are yet witheut any arrivals of new currants, and the deliveries

of the old continue good. We have four cargoes of Valencia raisins linding, quality fine, demand good, at 42s per ewt; the low price at which Muscatells have been forced off has created a good consumption, and sales are making at an improvement upon the extreme prices of last week. We have another arrival from Malaga, and two more are expected daily. Green.—Some Lisbon oranges have brought 20s to 34s, Lisbon lemons 26s to 28s, Malaga 36s to 40s; a large parcel of Lisbon green grapes, 8s to 12s per $-box, and a few black 28s to 3's per 4-box. Turkey nuts continue to move freely ; black Spanish are to be very high this season. Guano.—The sales amount to about 600'tons Ichaboe, at 6/ to 6/ 15s for fine, of which

there is little offering in first hands under 7/, Saldanha Bay is more inquired for, and about 206 tons have been sold at 3/ In Patagonia, small sales at 4/ to 4/ 5s, and Peru-

Vian at #/ 10s Hemp.— Bultic is unchanged in value; the stock is small for the season of the year.

Jute : about 200 bales were sold last week at 15/to 17/ 10s. Flax ; Some sales of Egyp- tian are reported, atan advance of 3/ per ton.

_—<<cenemenn steel ll LLL LLL LL AE tt, _—_—--—_

THE BCONOMIST.

i

1271 H1pEs.— The entoe thie week are : 1,700 R Grande salted, 4d; 500 Buenos Ayres, 434°

300 ditio, 4s 800 ditto, light, $74 ; 165 ditto, bulls’, $44 ; 200 ditto kips’, 4d; 1,500 Bra- zils, salted, » su; .vuv Wusiuu, od 3 1,000 New Orleans, 3§d: 300 dry salted B A, 43d to 5d 200 saited horse, prime, 13s 9d. ‘The market continues very heavy. M 2TaLs.—We have no change to remark im our metal market during the'week. The

shipments of manufactured fron are considerable. and orders, for the season of the year, are abundant. There has been very little doing in Scotch pig iron, and the price of last week is therefore barely maintained. ‘The tin plate makers are full of orders, and decline selling, except for higher rates, and for delivery after October. ‘Tin, lead, and copper are in fair demand, and command former rates . MoLassEs.—Sales of Antigua have heen made at 23s on the spot, and 22s 6d to ar-

rive.

O1ts.—The demand for olive during the past week has been on a limited scale, but without change in prices. Fish oils are in but moderate request. Cocoa nut is scarce, an wanted. For palm oil there has been an improved demand, and 700 to 800 tons disposed of at 30/ to 32/ ; at the latter price the market closed firm. Peprer.—Io black 450 bags Bombay are reported at 22d to 3d. PRovisions.—There has been an improved demand for butter, and prices generally

are about Is higher. Bacon is more plentiful; hams and lard continue scarce. A steady businesshas been done in American beef at full prices ; pork isa fair sale ; cheese much wanted ; lard is to 2s lower. Rick.—There have been several public sales during the week ; only a part has been

sold, importers requiring very full prices. About 4,500 bags and 1,000 pockets are reported, chiefly the good qualities, at 198 6d up to 20s 3d for fine table; some ordinary and middling broken brought 17s to 17s 6d.

tos1n.— No sales of American are reported ; a lot of British made amber sold at 3s. SrEeps.—Linseed, both for feeding and crushing purposes is getting scarce, and 1s to

2s per quarter dearer. A parcel of old Riga sold at 44s per quarter. Sixty tierces of New Orleans were sold yesterday at 45s per quarter. In other sorts there is nothing to report

Sueii Lac.—There has been more inquiry, and 100 chests have changed hands at 36s to 458, being rather higher rates Suear.—Towards theend of last week there was an increased demand, and rather

better prices were paid for B.P., of which about 50 to 600 hhds. were sold. Yesterday the sales of B. P. were limited to about 50 hhds. at full prices. Several hundred bags Bengal were sold at former prices, In Foreign the sales are toa moderate extent, at rather easier prices. TaLLow.—We have again to noticea further improvement ; holders of P. Y. C. now

generaliy demand 45s. Stocks are very light, and the shipments of Russia considerably less than last year. There is no South American or Australian here, and very little North American

Tosacco.—tThe sales during the week amount to 100 hhds. part Virginia, remainder Western strips, taken by Irish buyers and for home use. The market isdull, bat prices remain as before. TuRPKNTINE.—Several thousand barrels of old have been sold out of store at 8s to

8s 6d per ewt.

VaLonia.—About 180 tons of prime quality are reported at 15/ 10s.

ENSUING SALES AT LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY, Sept. 29.—1,200 ox und cow hides. WeEpnespay, Sept. 3¢0.—50 cases E. I. gum Arabic. 50 bales Bengal safflower. Tuespay, Oct. 6.—15.000 East India kips.

LiverpooL, FripayY EvENING, Sept. 25.

Corron.—We hare again to report an excited cotton market this week. The sales of American to the trade and to speculators have been on a very extended scale, and at prices, particularly this day. fully 4d per lb above those of last week. Brazil have been in fair demand. They have yerticipated,to a sina)l extent, inthe excitement,

and command full rates. Egyptian have sold freely at jd to 3d per Ib advance. East India must «lso be quoted gd per Ib higher. The sales this day will probably amount to 12,000 bales, at the fullest rates quoted. There is still a good demand for speculation. 1,200 Egyptians are declarcd for auction this day week. Speculation this week, 28600 American, 1,500 Egyptian, 4,800 Surat. Export, 2,120 American, 356 Laguira, and 250 Surat. Vessels arrived and not reported—6 from North America, and 1 from Bombay.

Whole import from Jan. 1 to Sept 25.

Taken for consumption } Computed stock from Jan. 1 to Sept. 25 | Sept. 25.

1846 1845 1846 } 1845 =| 1846 1845 1,015,516 bgs | 1,417,928 bgs|1,124,080 bags | 1,152,170 bgs'665,190 bags | 950,320 Lags.

FOREIGN MARKETS.

ANTWERP, Sept. 19.—Coffee—The market remains extremely firm ; about 1,000 bags of ord and good ord Batavia have been suld, together with 2,500 bags of St Domingo, and 500 bags Rio. The stock is only 34,500 bags, against 60,000 bags im 1845, and 117,000 bags in 1844. Sugar—Prices are well supported, but business has not been extensive; 6 0 boxes of sound and 1,30@ boxes of damaged Havana have been sold. Cotton— Upon the strength of the last American aceounts, large purchases, amounting altogether to 9,000 bags have been made in our market, at improving prices ; our stock is much reduced, and there is every appearance of a farther rise. Rice—Prices are higher, with less business. Ashes—American are held higher, but purchases are small. Wheat—Both home-grown and foreign in less demand, and in many instances lower. Rye—In considerable demand, and foreign dearer. Barley and Oats—Sup- ported

HiampunGnu, Sept. 19.—Coffee.—The sales of the week are about €,800 bags, the coloury descriptions at full and improving prices, ord and pale neglected. Sugar.—Many of our holders keep out of the market, which, therefore, remains scantily supplied, yellow Havana are in better demand, the purchases have been upon the most limited seale. Cotton—In considerable demand, though the smallness of the stock prevents extensive business ;/500 bales of American and St Domingo have met with buyers. Rice —But

little offering, 2,000 bris of Carolina and 3,000 bags East India expected. Hides.—Sales 6,000, stock much reduced. Cloverseed—Lower. Spelter.—On the spot cheaper, for arrival no buyers at the prices which are asked. Wheat.—The stock does not increase, and whatever comes to market meets with buyers at improving prices. Rye.—Iu con- siderabis demand, and higher prices paid, particularly atoutports. Barley.—Large pur- cha-e+ for England. Osts and Pease in demand.

Havnrr, Sept. 19.—Cotton.—A large business has been transacted this week by speculators and consumers, at improving prices; all parties have shown great confidence in their operations,and a further advance is expected. ‘Ihe purchases of the week amount to upwards of 16,000 bales; arrivals, 3,800 bales ; stock, 52.000 bales, against 63,000

bales in 1845, and 93,50" bales in 1844. Coffee.— Purchases have been extensive, amounting to upwards of 8,000 bags and 260 hhds, of which 3,000 bags Java to arrive. Thee

has been less doing within the last few days, but prices remain very firm. Sugar—Our holders have obtained a further advance, but only for a small quantity, not more than 100 hhds and 45) bags having changed hands. Hides—Six or seven cargoes are immediately expected, and buyers consequently hold back. Indigo—The market remains brisk, though the Bombay mail of the sth of August has brought no letters, This week

about 330 chests of t‘'engal have been sold from 5d to 8d above valuations, constituting a | further advance upon last week’s prices Ashes—TIn lively demand ; 900 barrels sold on the spot and toarrive. Stock, 2,200 berrels. Tallow Dearer, about 600 casks sold. Whale Oil—Nothing doing. Whalebone—Some smal) parcels have been sold at lower prices, and a further decline appears likely to take place. Wheat— Averages in our neighbourhood are still rising. There has been a considerable trade in foreign wheat and flour at higher price-.

AMSTERDAM, Sept. 19.—Coffee—The market is unaltered, the stock of ordinary and pale decreasing, about 120,000 bags of the late sale having been shipped, coloury bastard in demand ; green Sumatra dearer. Sugar.—Of raw only 150 hhds of Surinam

sold, refined firm with some business doing. Indigo.—In good demand, 56 chests sold for export ; the Rotterdam sale has been postponed, 1,300 boxes which ara declared not having yetarrived. Cotton.~-There has been a brisk demand, 1,000 bales sold at high prices. Spices.—The Company’s sale went off dull, the greater part bought in; but subsequently sold at the buying-in prices. ous prices. Linseed.—Unaltered. sorts are dearer for export. at higher prices. Barley.—Dearer. Oats were supported.

_nttt CC Cl Cll lll ll DLL lL ti

Rapeseed.—In goud demand at previ- Wheat.—Po ish Odessa, selling at full prices; red |

Rye.—Brisk, and large sales for export, and to speculators |

A

1 i "

f

|

or

_

1272

| COMMERCIAL TIMES | Weekly Price Current. | a The prices in the following list are carefully revised every Friday afternoon,

by an eminent house in each acpariment.

LONDON, Fripay Eveninc. —

| Add Five per cent to duties, except spirits.

duty free i Ashes © Pot, U.S meee 233 64 23s 9d

| Montreal .....-.. 2% 0 2 6 First sort Pearl, U. i 23 6 23 9

Montreal.......++00. 25 0 25 6

Cocoa duty B.P. 1d p lb, For. 2d Trinidad ...... percwt 32 0 45 0 Grenada .........-...- 34 0 42 0 Para, Bahia,&Guayaquil 32 0 35 0

|| Coffee duty B.P, 4d plb, For. 6a j Jamaica, triage and ord, i per cwt, bond... 28 0 42 0

good and fineerd.... 46 0 56 0 low to good middling 68 0 84 0

| fine middling and fine 90 0 115 0 | Berbice and Demerara } triageand ord...... aw 2 6 @ © } good and fine ord.... 42 0 52 0

i low middiing to fine.. 52.0 68 O } Ceylon, ord to good .... 39 0 41 0

super and plan kine... 42 0 95 0 | Mocha, fine ...-.-.0.~ 63 0 75 0 | cleaned garbled...... 49 0 60 0

i] ord ercungarbied 35 0 46 0 | SUmaute .eev..eeescee. 21 0 22 6 | Padang c.cccesssseeee. 23 0 26 0 | Batavid ..ccccccccsoee 22 0 48 0 i] Manila .ccccccces - 31 0 40 0

Brazil, ord to good ord. 28 0 S51 6 fine ord and coloury.. 32 0 36 0

St Domingo .......... 28 9 32 0 Havannah,ordtogdord 30 0 36 0

fine ord and coloury.. 37 0 60 0 Porto Rico ......++2... 832 0 52 0

|; La Guayre..... spionss OO WE’ 8 Cotton dutyfree

| Surat..........--perlb 0 3§ 0 4} ih MT .. -assbsssevees MeO OE | i: ctiestscsdsnven” @ Meo: Me

| Pernam ..o.--cosccess 0 5§ 0 65 } Bowed Georgia .....-++ 04 O 5} } New Orleans ..-....... 0 33 0 5%

Demerara ccocccecse.c. 0 53 0 7H i St Domingo .....0.-.. © 4 0 43 } Egyptian ...c.....--- © 6$ 0 8

Smyrna ........ 0 44 O 5%

Drugs & Dyes duty f ee } CocHINEAL

Black ...........perlb 5 6 6 9 i} TE ccabucimcivesn & FT 8:10

Lac DrE ! PE wassnpcces OTe 118 2 8 i Other marks ........ 0 5 2 5

SHELLAC i Orange ........pcwt 46 0 62 © | Other sorts........-- 34 0 45 @

i TURMERIC Bengal...... perewt 11 0 14 6 China isoeaae te 8 3-8 Java and Malabar.... 10 0 15 0

TeRRA JAPONICA Cutch,Pegue, gd, pewt 38 0 40 0

} Gambier eee. ee | Dyewoods duty free | Locwoop S @ 0

Jamaica.........perton 4 5 410 | BEOMGUrAS ccccoscssceseee & § 5 15

Campeachy............. 610 8 10 {| Fostic I eonncctgee ton 510 610

| CURR ccccccccscsccccenoeee 8 10 9 @ Nicarnacua Woop

} Lima ...........perton 10 0 16 0 | Other large solid ...... 11 9 15 0 | Small and rough ~~... 9 0 10 0 | Sapan Woop | Bimas ....++-+ perton 15 0 17 10 } Siam and Malabar ... 10 0 14 0 | Brazit Woop

Unbranded... perton 18 0 50 0 } Feuts— Almonte

Jordan, duty 25spewt,i 3s I s | MEW ..ccccesssee 9 B 10 10

8 ww» 70 80 } Barbary sweet, in bond as ae } bitter 226 0 0 | Currants, duty 15a per cwt | Zante & Cephal,new 0 0 O 0 [ Patras, new ......... 216 0 0 | Fig s duly 15s per cwt } Turkey,new, p cwt - 40 00 | Spanish - 00 00

|| Plums duty 20s per owt French... percwtdp 6 0 6 0 Imperial cartoon,new 0 0 O 6

Prunes, duty7s,newdp 112 0 0 Rai.ins duty 15s per cwt

Denia, new,pewtdp 0 0 0O 0 1] Valentia, new ........ 2 2 0 0

EE mmevoncsanncee 110 0 0 } Smyrna, black. new... 0 0 O 0

red chesme, Eleme 110 1 18 Sultana, new........... 40 0 0 Muscate', new ........5 2 5 4410

|| Flax duty / ee os - 8 { Riza, P TR....perton 46 0 52 ¢

St Petersburgh, 12head 0 © 0 0 i 9head © 0 O 0 | Friesland ...-........ 36 @ 56 O i Hemp iu!y free

St Petersb, clean. pton 32 0 32 5 | OUSHOLT eeeeeeeceeeeeee J 0 0 | heli cleaned 28 0

RS pe 33 «(0

1 | Sei Bite asuecnsemen 30 6 | E:stindian Sunr ~ 1210 37 © ' BaM”ARV ...ccccee -t% o 15 6

WEA scocevcce cress cen auce 13 0 18 0

}

THE ECONOMIST.

Hides—0Ox & Cow, peribs d BAandM Vid.dry 0 53 salted oe O 42 Do. Rio Grande.. oa» © 4

Brazil, dry. 0 4 drysalted.. 0 4} salted .... 0 33

Bio. Gry cccccces 0 4§ Lima & V aiparaiso, ary 0 43 Cape, salted .........000+08 0 2% New South Wales. ww» Oo New York . 0 34 East India ..... » © ¢ Kips, Russia, dry .. aie S America Horse, » hide 9 0 Russia . ° -do 8 0

Indigo duty fr ee

Bengal .........00. per h 2 0 Oude .... ccocccesee 3 O Madras ... n- B® Manilla... » 6 9 Carraccas ... » 8 G6 Guatemala .... voce 8 6

Leather, per Ib Crop Hides 30to 400 9

do. so 8 1 1 English Butts 16 24 1 0

do 28 36 1 2

Foreign do .. 16 25 O 9 do 28 36 +O 9

CalfSkins .... 20 35 O11 do ee ee ee oe do 80 100 1 1

Dressing Hides. eccoscceee 0 9 Shaved do ~ coece O KK Horse Hides, EF nglish ees

do Spanish, per hide 12 0 Kips, Petersburgh, per }} 1 1

do East India ...... o 0 8 Metals—COPPER

Sheathing, bolts, &c. th 0 10 RGCAGENS cccctescsessceee © 11 SURE set staan omceieih Tough caxe, “P ton £88 10

a

IRON, per ton Zs Bars, &c. British. 9 15 Nail rods 0.00... 15

TROGES ccccnsrsimencccen 18 © Sheets.. ° ae ae oe

Pig, No 1, W ales. ue’ aD omg Ke. wee nw wo @ Pig, No.1, in the Clya 3.15 Swedish in bond...... 11 10

LEAD, p ton—Eng, pig 18 10 SROOE scccoseceess 19 10 wed lead cece cesses 20 0 white do .......+.. 24 10 patent shot........ 22 0

Spanish pig, in bond 17 10 STEEL, Swedish, inkgs14 0

in faggots ee SPELTER, for. perton 19 0 TIN duty B.P.3s p cwt, For.6s

English blocks,pton 92 0 DEED cs cccenes eee 93 10

Banca, in bond...... 94 10 Straits do..... 92 10

TIN PL “ey Ss , per bor x Charcoal, coves. 308 Od Coke, i ees a

Molasses ¢@"/y B.P. 5s3d, For West India, -oe-percwt 21 0

Refiners’, forhome use, fr22 6 Do export (on board) dd 14 0

Oils—Fish £e: Seal, pale, p 252 gal ht 29 0 Brown and an 24 0 DORE crcccsccscsvescocsess FG O Head matter .. 77 0 Cod ...... gut eon eee 27 15 South Sea 24 6

Olive, Galipoli...per tun 42 0 Spanish and Sicily ...... 40 0 Palm ..............per ton 32 0 Cocoa Nut. ee a Seed, Rape, pale ° . 34 0 Linsee d eobeces 25 0

Riack Sea ......... pa qr 45s 0d St Petersbg Morshank 42 0

Do _ cake,p 1000, 3lbea 12/ Os do Foreign...perton § 5

MADD, BO ccenccrmsenee § 5

Provisions All articles duly paid.

Butter—Carlow............ 963 0 ee |

Limerick......... - 92 0 Freisland, fresh 100 0 Kiel and Holstein, fine 96 0 Leer.. ° 78 0

Bacor singed _W. aterfd. 66 0 Limerick . vind OE ©

Hams—West} shalia ove cee 74 0 Lard—Waterfordand Li-

merick bladder ...... 70 0

Cork and Belfast do... 68 0 Firkin and keg Irish... 56 0 American & Canadian 43 0 Cask do GO ccases 40 0

Pork—Amer.&Can. p b. 65 0 inferior ..... un OF 0

Beef—Amer.& Can. Pp te 78 0 luferior moles =

Cheese—Edam ........0+. 40 0 Gouda... - 40 0

Canter 24 0

American bie 20 0

Rice duly B P.6 ay pewt, For.\1s Bengal, white, per cwt... 18 0 Madras oo 15 6

Java ; 12 0

Sago duty 6d per cwl.

Pearl, per cwt. cosesseee 30 0 Flour - 15 0

Saltpetre ‘Be ngal pc wt 24 0 Mudras ..... ‘ 6

NITRATE OF Sopa 0

sd 0 8 0 4 6 43 0 5

0 45 04 0 63

0 6 0 5) 0 33 0 34 0 loj

09 17 6 9 t

6 1 3 9 4 3 ae

4 6 4 9

31 0 1 5 1 6 2 0 i 3 1 6

i 7 2 2 LF

pi 25 41 3

1 3 21 O

1 4 1 5

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0

gs 19 ¢

ll 0 0 O

13 10 5 §

0 0 0 0

12 0 ts 15 0 0

0 0

0 9Q

0 0

17 15

0 0 0 0

0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0

00

32% Od

27 6 7s 10d 2 0

27 @ 14 6

= 2 29 5

27 0 77 («0 78 0 25 0

26 0

42 10 4i 0 32 10

37 10 34 10 0 0

45s6d

43 0

12/16 10 0

5 i5

98s 0

96 9

94 0 102 0

10 0 86 0 74 0 72 +O 76 0

74 0 72 0 62 0

47 0 44 0 67 6

58 0 15 0

760 «60 48 @ 46 @ 25 0

54 @6

20 0

16 6

19 06

40 0 16 6

27 6 26 98 16 0O

Seeds sds Caraway,foreign, pewt 42 0 45

English oveee 44 0 46 Canary .«....+-+. pergr 56 0 60 Clover, red perewt 40 0 45

white .... wee 40 0 56 Coriander coe 12 0 = 16 Linseed, foreign... perqr 44 0 50

English ... vee 54 0 56 Mustard, brown.. -P bush 0 0 13

WREGO coscescccccscnscee 0 12

Rape per last of 10 qrs “eo 0 £26

Silk duty free Bauleah, &c. ...per tb 8 O 15 GONAted ...cevccrccrereeee 9 O 14 Cossimbuzar ........0. 9 6 24 Comercolly on ta’ 8 BY

China, Ttsatlee ........... 14 6 19 Raws, Lombardy, Ist... 23 0 25

Do 2nd do 20 0 22

Fossombrone ............ 22 0 25 White Novi.. 24 0 26 Naples Royals, Ist qu 21 U0 28

Do 2nddo 18 O 21 GURU sevtncscciecscosces i9 O 21 Tyrol 21 0 23 PO ns waciiincasners 00 0

ORGANZINES

Piedmont, 20-22 ......29 0 30 Do 24-26 wc 27 0 29

Lombardy, 20-22...... 27 0 Do 28-30 ...... 22

French, 24-26 ......... 23 $2 Tram, Lombardy, 22-24 24 0 26

Do 26-28 22 0 24 Brutias—Short reel ... 11 0 15

ED civ ceresnes 10 6 Il PERSIANS esses. 0005 9 6 10

Spices—Pimenro, el ty Se per cwl... pertb bond 0 3} 0

Perper, duly 6d p lb Black—Malabar, half-

heavy & mane bd... 0 2 0 light ee ae

Sumatra .... oo © 2 6 White ord | to "fine os © 33 ©

GINGER duty B.P.5s p cwt, For. 10 Bengal, percwt...bond 15 0 45

RERDRROP costrcsieercsssens 16.6 40 Jamaica.. , dp 39 0 130 Barbadoes | oenesee -23 0 28

Cas. LIGNEA d luty B. . ld p lb, For ord to good, eaves bd 50 O 57

fine, sorted.. 59 0 63

CINNAMON duty ‘B. P.

d

9 0 0

0

3d 6

0 3d p lb, For. 6d

Ceylon, per 1L—Ist ao 3 6 5 0

second. pinata Te ae 3 6

third and ordinary oe

CuLoves, duty 6d, per Ib Amboyna & Bencoolen 1 4 2 8

Cayenne and Bourbon 0 8} 0 9} Mace, duly 2s6d, perlb 2 6 4 O Nutmecs duly B. P.2s Gd, For. 33 6d

ungarbled, per Ib ..... ‘we ik ie ee Shrivelled and ord..... . 2 Ss 1 9

Spirits—Rum duty B. P.88 10d p gall

Jamaica, per gal.....0-0bond 2 11

BD 40 BB cicorrcrcrionse § §

fine MArKS ....0.0-cereee 44 Demerara, 10to200 P 2 8

30 to 40 ....... oo 8S 8

Leeward I,,5U to 5 0 ao 3S S

Bengal, proof, with cer. 1 9 without certificate...... 0 0

Brandy duty 15s p gal Ist brands, 1838......... 5 10

G

Sugar duty B. P.

For. 15s 4d

10 to 20, OP,

1839.. 1540.. BOE ccossee |.

Vintage of 1844.. _ 1845 ...cee000

eneva Bextra Bie o<ccsccserccces

For 2\s8 or 24s 6d

WI,BP br dp,pewt 44 0 middling cocseee 45. 6 good.. 45 0

fine .... ovcsee - 49 6

Mauritius, brown ° . 36 0 yellow ....... - 45 0

Bengal, br.. . 344 «G6 VOLOW cesccsereeees eovecece 41 9 white oe - 48 O

Madras, brown i 23 @ yellowand white ...... 383 0

Java, brown and yellow 40 0 grey and white ......... 48 0

Manilla, brown.. . 39 0 YELLOW woe seeeee .45 0

Rio, brown. 37 (0 white - 46 0

Pernam, brown . 37 0 white enc avens 45 0

Bahia, brown......s..00«0... 39 0 white nn a

Havana, brown & yel... 42 0 white 53 0

fine white u_—_twz &

POTD BieO nce cecccscccccseee 43 O

R EFINED duty For.

ornmwenu*

6 6

6

weeraac

te

45

47 49

44 52

40

47 55

37 52

ol

a mw PS

st

4s or 16s 4d p cut,

0

0

18s 8d or 2ls

Bounty in B.ship, per cwt, refined single 178s, double 20s, bastards 14s

Do loaves, 8 to 10 lb

Equal tostand,]2to 141b66 0 Patent titlers,22 to 25 lbs 65 0 Ordinary lumps, 45 1b... 63 0 Pieces 19 0

Bastards 37. («6 Treacle snenitenein 23 0

In bd, Turkey lvs,ltoib 43 0 6 1D 1OMVES ..scccccresersesee 39 6 101b do 38 0

141lb do 37 6

free 703 Od 74s 0d 0 0 v0

©

0 0 0

0

|

|

|

. | | | "|

TS

SUGAR—REF. contd. bd nso

Titlers, 20t0 28 Ib ...... 35 0 36 Lumps. 4 to 43]b.. 34 0 “0 PURE oe. occ csc eee 33 0 36 Dutch superior . 33 6 34 ;

ee \ 33 «(0 0 0 Dutch, No. 2...... 31 0 32 9 Pieces ......0 26 0 30 9 Reais 19 0 20 9

FORCIE sesccccsscccceseccere 14 6

Tallow 7% 6 B.P.1d, For. ls 6d p cwt

Amer. melted, p cwt 41 0 43 0 s1 Petersburgh, new Y C 43 3 43 6

. 5. Wales a <a 6 42 0

Ta Stockholm, Pp bri. -16 0 16 6 Tea duly 2s 1d

Bohea Canton, per lb, bd 0 4 05

Congou, ord andcom... 0 8 0 9

middling to fine + ©10 2 9

Souchong, ord to fine... 1 @ 92 6 PORNO RE vescctansancen, 2 o 08 Caper ....s000 a ~- O08 | 6 DPekoe, Flowery 204090

Or: INGE a. - O11 2 3 Twankay, ord to fine ~ 010 1 6 ie ae 1” ae 6

Hyson, COMMON ...+e008 a.» 2 Be middling to fine ...... 2 1 36

Young Hyson.........0+ oe 010 3 Q Jmperial....... 18 216 Gunpowder Coseccecceccccn 2 @ 4 6

| Timber Lée@tLue Teake, Afr. duly 10s p ld 7 0 12 6 Oak, Que. duty 1s p load 0 710 Fir d uly B.P. 18 p load, For.25s ERE ccccccess perload 47 00 Dantzic and Memel... 4 0 4 10 WWOEOER cticoctiesionen © LO 3 12

Pine, Quebec, red......+0 4245 yellow 310 49

Miramichi & St John's 410 0 @ Wainscot Logs, 18ft..each 510 0 6 Lathwocd duty B.P. 1s, For. 21 fm

Memel, &c. ... -‘‘m 9 0 0 @

Deals d ily BLP. 2s p ld, For. 14 128

Gefie, lift 3in by 9 ... 830 O 32 0 Stockholm ..........000. 28 0 29 90 Quebec yellow pine

first quality ..s.h. 17 0 18 © SECON dO asesereseeee 12 0 12 10

White spruce 12018 0 21 0 Dantzic deck......each 018 1 §

Staves duly free

Baltic...... per 1200... 95 0105 @ Tobacco duty 3s per ib

Maryland, per lb, bond

fine and good coloured 0 6 O 0 coloury cooee O 6 ° 0

light brown and leafy 05 @65 brownand leafy...u.000 0 44 0 6

Virginia fine Scotch & Irish spin® 5 0 5% good middling do...... 04 O 43 ordinaryto middling... 0 2% 6 34 fine black sweet scent 0 24 0 4

Kentucky—stem’d fine 0 5 0 53 do good and leafy..... 0 44 0 4% do mid, part short...... 0 34 0 4

Amersfoort for segars,&c. 0 5 010 Cavendish... uum & 6 F Havana and Cc umana.. 1 1 5 @ Cuba (fine). ° 1 2 SS Havanac gars,bd duty /93 5 0140 Negrohead ove +00 00000640 02 010

| Turpentine ..percwt 9 3 9 6 Spirits of, duty For. 58,..45 0 50 6

Wool—EnNctisn Fieeces, So. Down hogs 1410 1510

Half-bred HOGS ove see eve 410 1510

Kent fleeces 1210 13 0

: Yown ewes &wethers 12 0 13 0 Leicester do .......00. 11 0 12 0

Sorts—Clothing,picklock 17 0 I8 0 Prime and picklock 1410 15 10 Chie ccc cvcccecoccoscee 18 10 14 O

Super oe... cocce AZ 10 13 @ Combing~ Wether mat. 1610 17 0

Picklock oeocccccsscvese 1410 15 @ COMMON .«.....00-e000e 12 10 13 0 Hog matching ...... 1910 20 0 Picklock matching 17 0 17 10 Super GO cavers 14 0 1410

roan teu —Suly free Spanish, per lb

Leonesa, R’s, F’s,&S 1 Ks @ Segovia lL § 1 6

Soria ‘oe = 4 Caceres ,.... 1 06 i 2 Seville......... : @ ee

German Fleeces 1 8 1 10 : Istand 2d Elect 210 3 10 or PTIMA eecoeseereee 2 4 2 6

siete POCCUER ose ccecce 110 2 1 Silesian \ tortia 1617

( Elect 243: 4 ; i prima ... 1160 3 3

Fe weer ‘secunda .. 1 4 1 8 at ° < tertia «1. 1 O@ 1 1

Hungarian | Lamb’s...0 110 3 4 P Pleces 000 1 8 1 4

LOUD sabes 010 11 Australian and V D o

1st Com bing &Clot! 1 10 2 4

2d do 1 6 . a

3d do 011 1 4 BM BTOASE cccccccccccceeseee O 44 @ 8B DEED wminimuninicn &'® 3 2

V D Land, ist Combing 1 1 2 3 %d “do ccocccescccecce © 16 1 6 3d GO ssccsocccscceees OIG 2 € Lam! , 12 23 &

Cape yet ass bobecaten 03 110

wi me & uty aia roal £ sek ¢

ssessseesees PEK pipe 17 ( 52 C) lare. - hd 5 0 43 @ SHELY vecscccccssecosese butt 12 0 73 Oo Mace sTAscesres cvcee Pipe 18 QO 55 y

———OMDWDO“KRMROO—oooooaoaooaon~<$_S $”"_$_? $—$ TT!’

[Sept. 29,

es

| |

1846.] ———

STATEMENT Uf comparative Imports, Exports,and Home Consumption of the following articles, from

January ist to Sept. \9th, in the years 1845 and 1846, showing the stock on hand

on the 19th of Sept. in each year, FOR THE PORT OF LONDON,

was” Of those articles duty free, the deliveries for exportation are included under the

| head Home Consumption.

East and West Indian Produce, &c. SUGAR. / i eee

eit ae imported Duty paid Stock

British Plantation 1845 1846 1845 1846 1845 1846 | tons tons tons | tons tons | tons

West India c.ccceccccovseesseeeee| 57,959 | 46,283 | 55,746 | 44,451 | 13,203 | 12,250

East India..... 32,70 35,287 | 34,533 | 33,224 5,936 | 9,893

Mauritius vee 27,820 | 25,452 | 25,756 5,165 4,532

Foreign sess eve eee 1,813 | 6,887 ca eo

i! 19,305 | 109,390 }117,544 110,318 24,304 | 26,675

Foreign Sugur. Fxported : | Cheribon, Siam, & Manilla ...| 5,276 6,990 7,976 | 1,936 5,922 TERGOMD cccceccevececccsceccoccnccsens] Cgee | Rags ae 13,690 4,292 9,836

Porto Rico oe ee 5,459 3,542 3,021 3,065 | 3,690

Brazil 20000 ccccceces cos ere ser eoeces eee 5,544 2,308 5,909 2,367 7,144

| 23,891 | 32,560 | 30,596 11,654 | 26,592 Average price of West India Sugar,...1845, 35s 5d; 1846, 358 5d.

MOLASSES. ee a aoe}

oe ee ee ~~ * Imported Duty paid Stock

oe ee 4,898 | 3,891 5,855 | 4,977 3,906 | 2,401

: RUM, ——— imported, Bixported | Home Consump. | Stock

1845 1846 1845 1846 1845 | 1846 1845 1846 gal gal gal | gal gal | gal gal | gal

West India.. 1,385,460 t,123,245}1,176,075, 552,555] 775,125, 660,060)1,096,830 1,0¢2,420 East India..! 284,625) 357,165} 251,550, 271,935) 37,800; 29,925) 80,955 144,096 Foreign...... 36,045; 95,136 60,660) 70,380 1,260 = 13,095, 30,735

eu om —_—_—_——__ — -_-_-_o- Ohl Or —- ———

1,766,120 1,575,540"1,488,285 894,870" 814,185) 692,365'1,190,680\1,267,245 |

COCOA .—Cwrts.

6,763 502 Br. Plant... 14,007 | 1,741 | 11,657 | 10,951 8,965 | 9,365, Foreign...... | 2,483 2,925 3,292 | 2,715 885 | 576 1,287 4,051

16,490 9,688 3,794 4,456 | 12.522 | 11,527 | 10,252 | 13.416

5 COFFEE, oe Br. Plant...| 26,346 , 25,804 3,490 760 25,550 | 19,914 § 26,122 | 24,952 Ceylon ...... 83,733 | 118,621 | 2,718 2,071 | 94,012 | 107,132 | 73,486 ]!11,2¢7 BP not oth- } | erwisedes.| 1,900 118 } 25,138 9,910 5,958 | 3,190 | 41,200 f 16,300

elas ciaatiententsh eilinje lgieaibiaiadln Ritedaeaasl oe Total BP. 111,979 , 144,543 ] 31,346 12,741 [125,320 [130,236 [140,808 |152,489

Mocha sees 18,520 | 13,324} 2,350 | 11,950 | 10,144 | 20,062 | 18,982 Foreign EI.) 36,636 | 17,148 1 42,357 9,816 | 7,460} 58,838 | 74,551 Malabar ooo | eve 12 eee ' 49 147 1,077 | S35

St Domingo. 211 900 7,686 2,421 2 13 | 12,694 8,200 Hav. &PRic| 2,563! 12,561 2,402 5,110 14 } 1,869 3,299 | 9,745 Brazil sco. 38,320 | 50,514 | 34,326 | 20,767 | 24,523 | 19,027 | 39,593 | 55,184 African ..+.0. oe 74 464 | 129 240 19 10 | 97

Total For... 96,250 | 94,521 | 69,397 | 34,402 | 48,094 | 38,679 [135,573 167,614

47,143 Grand tot., 208,229 | 239,064 126,943 173,414 | 168,915 (276,381 320,103

RICE. ae ees

| Bags Bags Bags Bags Bags | Bags Rags Bags British ET...’ 126,335 | 253,967 57,375 | 111,530 88,339 | 110,000] 34,463 73,902 Foreign EI. 649 | 10,171 | 16,271 7,121 601 4,760] $8,043] 2,226

Total......| 126,984 264,138 73,646 | 118,651 88,940 114,760 37,506 | 76,122

PEPPER.

White ......} 1,415] 3,640 726 | 253] 2,496] 2,184] 5,561] 7,352 Black.........| 60,646, 39,359] 51,390 16,964] 21,663 | 20,446] 70,745 | 72,734

| | | —3 : | Pkgs ; Pkgs Pkgs Pkgs Pkgs | Pkgs Pkgs Pkes NUTMEGS 444) 1,229 143 235 535 665 264 883

Do. Wild..| 86 $51 23 | 5 20 236 288 1,278 CAS. LIG.| 9,601} 14,286] 9,678) 11,450] 1,564) 1,142 2,992 5,829 CINNAMON, 8,412} 4,061 4,971 | 2,909 690 691 6,439 | 6,044

bags bags bags | bags bags bags bags | bags

PIMENTO 18,948 6,456 16,503 | 4,043 P 2,506 1,551 3,637 4,667

Raw Materials, Dye Stuffs, &c. Serons Serons | Serons | Serons Serons | Serons } Serons | Serons

CocHINBAL.| 3,363 4,805 4,750 6,015 1,321 2,059

| chests | chests [| chests | chests | chests chests | chests | chests

LAC DYE.) 2,983 1,597 ooo 3,690 | 2,781 9,703 | 8,749

| tons tons tons tons tons | tons tons tons LoGWooD...| 4,488 5,852 eco =] ote 4,488 | 4,810 1,774 2,602

} j \ | }

FUSTIC ...| 944 | 1,595 ooo =| oe 1,440 1,625 80 278

INDIGO. sae ae id

9 chests { chests § chests | chests J chests | chests | chests | chests East India.; 32,861 | 24,876 eee ove 22,890 | 21,582 | 37,173 | 36,763

| serons serons | serons | serons | serons | serons | serons | serons Spanish,.....| 979 | 946 — 818 1,199 1,043 844

SALTPETRE.

Nitrate of, tons tons tons tons tons tons | tons Potass 7,654 | 6,538 a 7,054 6,894 2,657 | 2,678

Nitrate of | SOda .cocce 2,748 538 sie oe A 2,162 | 2,109 2,978 | 588

COTTON, cua C1985) sere?

7 bags | ~ bags bags | bags bags bags bags | bags American... 4,738 2,034 ove eve 4,395) 2,44( 2,242) 1,136 Brazil ...... 9 187 eee eee 274 187 347) 155 East India.| 37,475) 18,388] ov eee 36,183, 37,505§ 71,814) 56,969 Liverpl., all | | REED NOE 1,009,549% 65,600) 107,93091,133,070 1,088,890] 960,810) 698,120

alan os Leone ———— | —__—— J | —

Total....../1,450,778 1,030,158§ 65,600] 107,930,1,173,922'1,129,02281,035,213, 756,380

OO eS ee ed EL LL SSS ssh

THE ECONOMIST. 1273 |

Che Garsette.

Friday, September 18. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.

Robson, Whyte, and Strickland, South Shields, brassfounders—Waterman, Ellerby, and Co., Wellington chambers, Southwark, hop merchants—Brodie and Ailen, Brom- | ley, Middlesex. manufacturing chemists—T. and W. Jones, Bollington, Cheshire, millers—Backhouse and Co., Manchester, fustian manufacturers—Lupton, Adamthwaite and Sons, Salford, common brewers ; so far as regards W. Lupton, sen—Wilkinson, | Schofield, and Co., Denton, Lancashire, cotton manufacturers—Hunt and Manicom, } Exmouth street, Clerkenwell, woollendrapers—-R. and J. Hall, Basingstoke, white- } esmitlhs—Johnstone and Marshall, Great Tower street, wine merchants— Barber and Co., Macclesfield, small ware manufacturers—Walton and Schofield, Warw'ck, hosiers— Harper, Kay, and Co., Chapelfield, within Pilkington, Lancashire, ironfounders; as far as regards S. Kay and C. Atkinsen—Clissold and Thomas, Nailsworth, Gloucestershire, maltsters— Morton and Town-hend, Atherstone, Warwickshire, contractors—Hindle and Davis, Bradford, Yorkshire, tailors—Smith and Heaton, Manchester, pawnbrokers— Barker and Co, Thornes, near Wakefield, worsted yarn manufacturers—Palmer, Mac- killop, Dent, and Co., London; so far as regards W. Dent—Hook and Ible, Liverpool and Toxteth park, brick!ayers—Beaines and Hetherell, Bristol, silk mercers—Coleman, Flockhart, Oakley, and Barnard, Lime street, leather merchants—Coleman, Flockhart, and Oakley, Fenchurch street, wine merchants—Poore and Co , Liverpool, stationers— Lees and Bottomicy, New Earth, within Oldham, cotton spinners.

DIVIDEND. J. Harrison, Liverpool, merchant—second div. of 23d, any Thursday after Oct. 5, at

Mr Turner’s, Liverpoo:* SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.

J. White, Edinburgh, furrier, Sept. 22, Oct. 18, at 12 o’clock, at Stevenson's rooms, Edinburgh.

T. Lorimer, Glasgow, accountant, Sept. 24, Oct 16, at 1 o’clock, at the chambers of Mr Buchan, Glasgow.

A. Gall, Fraserburgh, draper, Sept 24, Oct. 15, at 2 o'clock, at the Saltoun Inn, Fraserburgh.

A. Dewar, Dingwall, accountant, Sept. 25, Oct 19, at 12 o’clock, at the Caledonian Hotel, Dingwall.

Tuesday, September 22.

PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.

W. and H. Hayes, Liverpool, licensed victuallers—W. Newton and Co, Liverpool, plaster of Paris manufacturers—Stockbridge and Kay, Oxford street, drapers—Caul- field and Hunter, Old street, confectioners —Boothroyd and Co., Huddersfield, linen drapers—H. and J. White, Macclesfield, silk dyers—J. and P. Rogers, Penryn, Corn- wall, wharfingers—J. Brown and J. Anderson, East Stonehouse, Devonshire, tea dealers—T. and J. Church, Bracknell, Berkshire, corn dealers—F. W. Simeon and J. Newman, Bristol, printers—A., J., and G. Blakey, Lincoln, hairdressers—R. C. Beck and T. Halcroft, Manchester, oi) refiners—Beall and Webster, Great Charlotte street, Blackfriars road, pawnbrokers—Butcher and Hodgkinson, and Butcher, Hodgkinson, and Co., Bury, Heywood, and Manchester, cotton manufacturers, as far as regards J. Partington—Payne and Bentall, Chesham and Great Missenden, Buckinghamshire, drapers—W. Clark and Co., and the Butcher Company, Grassington, Yorkshire, lead miners—Williams and Keed, Crawford street, Marylebone, ironmongers—T. 1). Marsh and J. Godden, Goswell stree:, St Luke’s, linendrapers—lNeeves and Richardson, Maid- stone, brokers—Minton and Co., Stoke-upon-Trent, manufacturers of Prosser’s patent agate buttons, as far as regards S. Hollins—J. D. Awde and G. Highmoor, Lartington and Bowes Cross, Yorkshire, and elsewhere, jobbers.

BANKRUPTS.

Joun Lamont, Wellclose square, shipowner, to surrender Sept 30, at 2 o’clock, Nov. 5, at 1, at the Bankrupt’s Court: solicitors, Linklater, Leadenhall street; official assignee, Groom, Abchurch lane.

Joumn Ricwuarps, jJun., Reading, banker, Oct. 2, at half-past 2, Nov. 2, at 1, at the Bankrupts’ Court : soliciter, Holmes, Great James street, Bedford row ; official assignee, Turquand, Old Jewry chambers

Wittram Evans, Piccadilly, draper, Oct. 7, at 1, Nov. 5, at 2, at the Bankrupts’ Court: solicitor, Lloyd, Milk street, Cheapside ; official assignee, Edwards, Frederick’s place, Old Jewry.

trcHaRD B. Brapty, Bishopsgate street without, jeweller, Oct. 2 at 2, Nov. 2, at 11, at the Bankrupts’ Court: solicitors, Lepard and Co., Cloak lane; official assignee, Graham, Coleman street.

Sept. 30, Oct. 29, at 11, at the Bankrupts’ Court; solicitor, Phelp, Great St Helen’s; Offivial assignee, Johnson, Basinghall street.

Witiiam Aston, Lapley, Staffordshire, maltster, Oct 8 and 31, at 10, at the Bir- mingham District Court of Bankruptcy; solicitors, Jackson, Gray’s inn, Greatwood, Birmingham ; official assignee, Christie, Birmingham Georos Grant, Kidderminster, tailor, Oct. 13, at 10 o'clock, and 27, at half-past

12, atthe Birmingham District Court of Baukruptcy: solicitor, Bovcot, jun., Kid- derminster: official assignee, Valpy, Birmingham. Epwakp Swanwick BouLt, Liverpool, stockbroker, Oct. 6, and Nov. 11, at 11

o’clock, at the Liverpool District Court of Bankruptcy: soiicitors, Humphries and Co., Gray's inn square ; and Messrs Forshaw aud Ce., Liverpool : official assignee, Morgan, Liverpool. Joun ORnanGs, Liverpool, bootmaker, Oct. 6, at 1 o’clock, Nov, 3, at 3, at the Liver-

pool District Court of Bankruptcy: solicitors, Oliver, Old Jewry; and Evans and Son, Liverpool: official assignee, Cazenove, Liverpool. Wituiam Lancaster, Liverpool, shipowner, Oct. 6, Nov. 3, at 12 o'clock, at the

Liverpocl District Court of Bankruptcy: solicitors, Cornthwaite and Co., Jewry chambers; and Pemberton, Liverpool: official assignee, ool.

7 Mattuew Normay, jun., Richmond, Yorkshire, cabinetmaker, Oct. 8, Nov. 5, at 11 o'clock, at the Leeds Wistrict Court of Bankruptcy: ‘solicitors, Jones and Co., John st., Bedford Row; and . Harle and Clarke, Leeds: official fassignee, Freeman, |

Old Morgan, Liver-

Leeds. |

Esenezer Honesox, Richmond, Yorkshire, ironmonger, Oct. 7, Nov. 5, at 11 o'clock, at the Leeds District Court of Bankruptcy: solicitors, Fiddey, Temple ;

Young, Leeds. SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.

J. Smith, Glasgow, manufacturer, Sept 24, Oct. 15, at two o’clock, at the office of Taylor and Kirkland, Glasgow.

Kk. Watt, jun., Glasgow, merchant, Sept. 29, Oct. 16, at two o’clock, at t!e chambers of Seele, jun., Glasgow.

Gazette of Last Night. DowrinG strext, Sept. 25.—The Queen has been pleased to appoint the Right

Hon. Sir Charles Edward Grey, Kut., to be Captain-General and Governor-in-Chief of the island of Jamaica. Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint William Reid, Esq., Lieutenant-Colonel in the Corps of Royal Engineers, Companion of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath, to be Governor and Commander-in Chief in and over the islands of Barbadoes, Grenada, St Vincent, Tobago, and St Lucia. H-er Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Charles Elliot, Eeq., Captain in the Royal Navy, to be Governor and Commander-in-Chief in and over the Bermudas or Somer’s Islands. Her Majesty has been further pleased to appoint the R’ght Hon. Sir Henry Pottinger, Bart., Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Order of the Hath, Ma- jor-General in the service of the East India Company, to be Governor and Comman- | der-in-Chief in and over the settlement of the Cape of Good Hope.

BANKROPTS.

Joun Cramp, cowkeeper, Carlinge, Kent, to surrender Oct. 5, at half-past one, and Nov. 9,at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy; Turquand, official assignee, Old Jewry chambers ; Goren, South Molton street, Oxford street. Epmunp Garnett, banker, Skinver’s place, Sise lane, Oct. 7, at two, and Nov. 5, at |

one, at the Ceurt of Bankruptcy; Bell, official assignee, Coleman street buildings; Owens and Andrews, Moorgate street. Wittiam Mites Morugy, warehouseman, Bread street, Cheapside, Oct. 8, at one,

and Nov. 5, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy ; Johnson, official assignee, Basing-

PeTeRr THorn, Castle street, Leicester square, or elsewhere, bottled-ale merchant, |

Simpson, Richmond; and Barr, Lofthouse, and Nelson, Leeds: official assignee, |

= |

hall street; Hardwick and Davidson, Weavers’ hall.

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1274

Joux Watvace Fatsuaw, grocer, Farringdon, Oct. 6, at half-past one, and Nov. 10, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy ; Groom, official assignee, Abchurch lane; Nor- ton and Son, New street, Bishopsgate. FREDERIC SHAW, eating house keeper, Manchester, Oct. 5 and 29, at twelve, at the

Manchester District Court ; Hobson, official assignee, ieeutueater | ; Gregory, Faulkner, Gregory, and Skirrow, Bedford row, London ; Chew, Mauchester. James BRETT, grocer, Spilsby, Lincolnshire, Oct. 7 and 28, at ten, at the Leeds Dis-

trict Court; Kynaston, official assignee, Hull; Jones, Sise lane, London; Blackburn, Leeds.

WiLLIaAM MorGan, draper, Treforest, Glamorganshire, Oct. eleven, at the Bristol District Court ; Hutton, official assignee, Bristol; Grover, Cardiff. James Lewis, butcher, Dawley green, Shropshire, Oct. 13, and Nov. 3, at ten, at

the Birmingham District Court; Valpy, official assignee, Birmingham ; ; Smith, Birm- ingham. ; Mean Cuismsox, victualler, Dawley green, |Shropshire, Oct. 13 and Nov. 3 at ten, at the Birmingham Disiriet Court; Christie, official assignee, Birmingham ; Smith, Birmingham. Hewson DutcuMan, ship owner, Toxteth park, near Liverpool, Oct. 20 and Nov.

13, at eleven, at the Liverpool District Court ; Cazenove, official assignee ; Sharpe and Co., Bedford row, London ; Miller and Peel, Liverpool.

13, and Nov. 3, at

PRICES CURRENT OF CORN, &c. British and Irish. Per Quarter.

ee s 8 Wueat...Essex, Kent, and Suffolk, red 1846... 54to58 old eww 501056

Do. do. white do... e. 62 68 Ditto +» 60 64 Norfolk and Lincoirshire,red co... «» 54 58 Ditto oe 52. 56 Northumberland and Sec itech Ge ow -. 48 56 Ditto oo» 56 62

Reta .o na 35 37, New ... -. 37 38 BRANK ... 30 32 BaRxey..Grinding 31 34, Distilling -. 34 35 Malting ... 35 42 | Matt ...Brown... 52 56, Pale Ship . 60 66 Ware . 68 70

BE ANS. .. New large Ticks 7 39, Harrow -. 42 44 Pigeon... 44 48 Old do 42 44, Ditto ... ». 46 47 Ditto -. 48 50

PEAS......GTe@y s+. on 42 43, Maple . 43 44 Blue - 6 78 White, old a6 50, Boilers -. 52 54 New -. 56 60

Oats... Lin, & Yorksr. feed. 2 26, Shortsmall ... 27 29 Poland... 28 30 Scotch Angus we 30 32 Potato... 34 36 Irish, Cork, “Ww ate rford, & Youghal! Black ww. 24 25 New oo. 24 16 Do. Galway 21 22 Dublin & Wexford Feed... 24 26 Potato .. 27 29

| Do. Limerick, Sligo, & Westport... «. 26 27 Fine o- 28 30 Do. Newry, Dundalk, & Londonderry ew 26 27 Ditto eo. 28 30

Foor ...Irish, per sack 42 44, Norfolk,&c. ... 41 42 Town... 49 51 TARES ... one i Old feeding ... 32 36 Winter 44 48

Foreign and Colonial. Free. “In bond. WueEat... Danzig, Konigsberg high mixed and White one 556 60 |. 650

Do. do, mixed and Red eco 55 56 ww. 47 Pomeranian, Mecklenburg, Marks Red ove 50 56 .. 49 Silesian es White eco a 6: wo Danish, Holstein, and Friesland Do, ose BO: BO wn Do. do. do. Red ose SO 5S wn

Russian Hard 46 50 Soft ose @ BB on Canadian Red 50 54 White soe . 0 os Italian & Tuscan do, 52 54 Do, eco SOB oun Egyptian 36 37 Fine eve 38 40

PE GRivcesessccsemuness POow 40:48 White eve 42 45 Barvey Grinding ove 30. 32 Malting ove SS OB ws Beans ... Ticks _ 41 42 Small eco 44646 ... Peas ... White ose 48 52 Maple eee 42 44 a Oats ... Dutch brew and Thick oe ove oon a es

Russian feed <0 ove Bis EB. cco Danish, Mecklenburgh, and Friesland feed ove 22 26 ace

Frour... Per barrel, Danzig 26 28 American — ... Ff y- TarRsEs ... Large Gore 38 4001d50 34 New on 32. 36. un

SEEDS. LINSEED ... Per qr Crushing, Baltic 40 44 Odessa 44 45 Sowing 56 60 RAPESEED... Perlast do. a 22/ 23 English 22/ 23 Fine new 24/ 25/ HEMPSEED...Per qr Large 36 38 Small 34 35 CANARYSEED Pergr 50 56 Carraway per ewt 43 44 Trefoil per cwt 17 20 MUSTARDSEED Per bushel ose - Bruwn 10 12 White 9 10 CLOVERSEED Per cwt English W hite old one 42 46 Red 42 48

Per “ Foreign ‘“* new eco «- 42 48 Ditto 42 48 TREFOIL Per “ English do, eco «- 16 18 Choice 19 20 LinseEp CAKE Foreign per ton, $3 10s 10/ Os ... English per M. 12/ 03 12/ 12s RAPE do. do. per “ 52 Os 58 5s... Do. perton5/ 0s 5é 5s

COAL MARKETS.

Monpar, Sept. 21.—Buddle's West Hartley 15s 3d—Carr’s Hartley 15s 3d—Hastings Hartley 15s 3d—Holywell Main 15s 6d—New Tanfield 13s—North Perey Hartley 15s— Townley 148.6d—West Hartley 15s 3d—West Wylam 15s 6d—Eden Main 16s 6d—Cow- pen Hartley 15s 3d—Derwentwater Hartle yli »s—Sidne y's Hartley 15s 3d. Wallsend: Bell and Browne 16s 3d—Bewicke and Co. 168 3d—Hiida 16s—Killingworth 15s 9d —

Ramsay 14s—Walker 16s—Wharneliffe 16s 34—Belmont 17s— Braddyll’s Hetton 17s 9d —East Hetton 16s 3d—Hetton 17s 9$4—Lambton 178 6d—Richmond 16s 6d—Wear- mouth 17s—Kelloe 17s 6d- Adelaide 16s 94—Barrett 16s 6d—Cowndon Tees 16s 3d— Gordon 15s. Ships at market 65 ; sold 55, unsold 10. WEDNESDAY, Sept. 23.—Carr's Hartley 15s ¥d—Dean’s Primrose 13s—West Hart-

ley 158 94—Eden Main 16s 6d—Cowpen Hartle y 15s 9d. Wall’s End: Bell and Browne 16s 64—Killingworth 16s—Wharncliffe 15s 3d—Belmont 17s—Finchal 16s—Hetton 17s 94—Lambton 17s 6d—Russell's Hetton 17s 64—Whitwell 16s—Hartlepool 17s 9d— South Kelloe 17s—Thornley 16s 6d—Adelaide Tees 17s to 17s 3d—Seymour Tees 16s 6d —Tees 17s 6d.—Ships at market 44; sold 34, unsold 10.

The Railway fitonitor.

CALLS FOR SEPTEMBER. Amount

No. of of call Sept Name of Company. shares. per share, Total,

oa &. £ 1. Northern and Eastern Shares.........ccsscssssses . 3,186 5 00 15,680 4. Belfast and Ballymena... .... = 8,000 210 0 20.000 5. Sheffield and Manchester Quarters, "No. 2. ones 18,000 9 0 0 90,000 7. Lowestoft.. éeosngeveoceess 5,000 200 10,000 9. Southampton ‘and Dorchester... sone 10,000 10 0 0 100,000

10. London and North Western Grand Junction 25] shares.......+ sentien 41,250 5 00 208,250

Great Grimsby and Sheffield "204 shares: os 12,000 O18 0 10,800 Ditto 122 10 shares ......... ooo ° 6,000 010 0 3,006

14, Aberdeen.. 18,000 5 00 90,000 15, London, Brighton ‘and ‘South Coast (London. | and Brighton Fifths) 20... .:+00.sseseee ove 47,000 10 0 0 470,000 | 2). Edinburgh and Northern, 15/ shares ........ 26,000 110 0 39.000 | Great Southern and Western (Ireland) ...... 40,000 210 0 100,000

26. London and South Western new 50/ shares.. 6,000 5 0 0 30,000

26. London and South Western new 40/ shares... 6,000 400 20,000 26. Midland (Erewash Valley line) ..... eoeece 12,500 § 0 0 62,500

| 28. Leeds, Dewsbury, and Mancheste.. 8,000 5 0 0 40,000 30. London and Blackwall Extensson ............. 24,000 210 0 60,000

Eastern Counties Extension 14/ 16s sore —«1 4, 000 200 328,000 Waterford and Kilkenny....,....s00+++ 125,006 3.0 0 375,000 Caledonian ........2.02++-+0s donee 360,500 5 0 0 180,000 Do. Clydesdale Extension .. 350,000 5 0 0 180,000 Amiens and Boulogne ...... 75,000 200 150,00

——— —_—————————_—[—[_—[_—[_=_—_[_=_=_=_=_———_———_—_—_

THE ECONOMIST. (Sept. 26, i

} Oct. CALLS FOR OCTOBER. 1. London and aughoe and South Coast (New

Eighths) . enous aponsoabe qnasee cenemnech canasa ces 10,029 10 0 @ } Leeds and Bradford .. 8.060 i. . oe Belfast and County Down eee 20,000 260 45.0 0 Scottish Midland Junction............. 12,000 210 0 30000 |

ee Great Western of Ireland 15,000 210 0 37,500 Richmond ...... pacaase sone 13,000 5 00 65.000 Newry and Warrenpoint... : 5,000 3 0 0 15,000

2. Wilsontown, oe iid and | ( Coltness 2,750 5 00 13.759 TOUVRING 6 20 GORIRTO 00000000 ar0vescenccens 38,500 20 0 77.000

5. Belfast and Ballymena... innaneunien 7,700 210 0 19,950 | 12, Scottish Central Shares 28,000 10 0 06 280,000

Sambre and Meuse ......... 31,000 200 62.000 | 15. Irish South Eastern (New sha ares Sao 6,000 110 0 9,000

Do (Wexford and Dublin Scrip) ree 6,000 100 6,000 19. Eastern Counties Snap Extension) soaseeeseese 164,000 110 0 246,000

Namur and Liege Sesdivna 50,000 200 100.0 0 | 20, Dublin and Belfast. Junc tion “and Navan ,

branch.. eee 0 ceaene opnee 19,000 210 0 17,500 | 21. Cork, Blackrock, and Passag re 6,500 13 0 7,475

TENDERS FOR RAILWAY LOANS. | Edinburgh, Leith, and Granton—Sums of not less than 500/ for three years, at 44 per

cent.

Great Western—Sums of not less than 1,000/ for periods of 5 or 7 years, at 4 per cent, Grand Junction— Sums of not lessthan 1,000/ for 5 years, at 34 per ce nt.

Manchester and Birmingham—Sums of a limited amount, for 3, 5, or 7 years, at 4 per cent.

Sheffield and Manchester—Sums of not less than at 4 per cent

Hull and Selby—Sums of not less than 500/, for 3, 5, or 7 years, at 4 per cent. Leeds and Bradford ~Amount to be stated, and interest required.

500/, and for periods of 3, 5, or 7 years |

Newcastle and Parlington—Sumsof not less than 1,000/, for 3, 5, or7 years, at 4 percent, |}

South sale oe of not less than 5002, for 3 years, at five per cent. | Blackburn and Preston—Sums of not less than 500/, at 4 per cent. | London and Bi — ham—Sums of not less than 1, 0002 at 4 per cent. Manchester and Leeds—Su ms of not less than 1, 0002, for periods of 3, 5,

at 4 per cent., payable half yealy. Midland—Sums of not less than 1,000/, for periods of 3, Glasgow,

5, or7 years, at 4 per cent. Paisley, Kilmarnock, and Ayr—Sums of not less thau 500/ for three years,

at 4 per cent. |

York and Morth Midland—Sums of not less than“ 1,000/, at 4 per cent.

or 7 years,

Bristo] and Exeter—For 2,5, or 7 years, at 4 per cent per anvum, payable half. ye: ur’ ly.

Chester and Holyhead—At 43 per cent, payable half-yearly, ——

MEETINGS FOR THE WEEK. —Taw Vale, London, at 1.

Italian and Austrian, London Tavern, at 1. 28.—Dublin, Dundrum, an Rathfarnbam.

Paris and Rouen, Paris, at 2. Dublin and Drogheda, Dublin, at 1.

29.—Vale of Neath, 449 West Strand, London, at 2. Larne, Belfast, and Ballymena, London Tavern, at 12 Dundee and Perth, Dundee, at 1,

30.—Stockton aud Hartlepool, Stockton, at 1}. Great Luxembourg, Brussels, at 12. Newcastle and Berwick, York, ot 114. Liverpool, Ormskirk, and Preston, Liverpool, atl. Kilmarnock and Ayr, Glasgow, at 12. Stirling and Dumfriesshire, Glasgow, at 12,

. 1.—South Stafford Junction, Wolverhampton. Dublin and Belfast Junction, Dublin, at 1.

Oct, 2.—East Lancashire, Bury. Oxford and Salisbury Direct, Guildhall Coffee house, at 12. Armagh, Coleraine, and Portrush, London Tavern, at 12.

8.—Ambergate and Eastern Junet ion adjourned.

RAILWAY “NEI Ws

THE first meetings after obtaining acts of incorporation, and for the meetings for dissolution, still continue to occupy the attention of railway men. It will be seen by reference to our list of calls that | that nearly 1,500,000/ is payable next week. A special meeting of the Ep1nsurcu avd Griascow company was |

held on Tuesday, when a report by the directors was read, expressing the same opinion as formerly as to the desirableness and necessity of the amalgamation with the canals, but stating that from the great number of proxies which had been received, expressing a con- | trary opinion, they had resolved unanimously to resign. After considerable discussion, the report was adopted, the payment of a dividend of six per cent. ordered, and a vote of indemnity carried to the directors for past acts. The mee ting then adjourned for a month, | it being understood that in the interim the directors will retire, in- stalling the following gentlemen in their places :—Messrs Blackburn, | Ewing, Dunlop, Adams, and Henderson, as Glasgow directors ; | Messrs Hogg, Clappertop, and Maitland, from Edinburgh; and Messrs Smith, Rawson, Rosson, Openshaw, Coston, Mackay, and Cheetham, from England. Lord Dunfermline has also been invited to join the direction.

The half yearly meeting of the Grascow, Paistey, and Greenock company was held on Saturday last. ‘The report stated, that notwith- | standing there had been an improvement in the receipts in consequence of the the great rise in the rate of wages, and in the value of materials, the expenses of working the line and keeping up the plant and other property of the company in a complete state of efli- ciency had been greatly increased. The directors, therefore, could only recommend that from the funds which remained at their disposal, after providing for the interest on loans, and the guaranteed dividend of 6 per cent on the preference shares, a dividend of 3s per per share be at this time delared on the 25/ stock, and a dividend of ls 6d per share on the 12/ 10s stock, leaving a balance in the hands of the company of 930/ 13s 5d. [This dividend is at the rate of 1} per — The directors, however, look forward to the opening of

Sept. 26.

EPITOM E OF

the Caledonian and Clydesdale, and the Barrhead and Neilston, for an “ early development of the advantages and resources of the line and its consequent prosperity.” The receipts of the half year have been 26,0997 19s, and the working expenses

j

14,7257 11s, le aving a | balance of 11,3747 8s, out of which it will take 10,443/ to pay the in- | terest and dividends, leaving 930/ to tlie credit of the company, report was agreed to, and the dividend declared.

The Irish, Mrpuanp Great Western company have just held their half yearly meeting. The report stated— “That the directors intended to proceed with the construction of the Athlone

The |} |

|

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THE ECONOMIST. 1846. ] pranch, the bill for which had received the royal assent last session of Parliament, with all the expedition in their power, and that the necessary steps had been taken to apply

1275 $e a

is not settled. There was a decided panic on Monday last, owing to a set

to Parlisment for power to construct a line from Athlone to Galway, and as the com-

any from Portarlington to Galway had been dissolved, in order to complete the chain of communication with the westand north-west of Ireland in the direct and legitimate course, not only was there no substantial opposition apprehended, but the countenance

and support of government and the public would be given to the project. They ex- ected that the line as far as Enfield would be open for traffic next spring, and a further ortion to Mullingar in the course of the summer. The income of the canal continued

to be satisfactory. The balance of available cash on hand on the 30th June last, was 7,276/, to which the sum of 45,000/ had been added by means of two calls of 2/ 10s each,

and thedirectors bad the pleasure of stating that those calls had been responded to by the roprietors in a satisfactory manner. The purchase of the Royal Canal had absorbed

157,795t, and as that sum had considerably reduced the paid-up capital of the company, they were unable to proceed at a more rapid pace with the works, but they entertained a confident expectation that government would render assistance by giving advances on reasonable terms, for the purpose of facilitating the profitable employment of the people.”

The report was received, and after some discussion on the propriety of applying to the Government for an advance of money to aid iu the prosecution of the works the meeting adjourned. A special meeting of the Guitvrorp Junction companyhas been

held, at which a report was read, from which it appeared that after liquidating all claims, there remained in hand a balance of 3,100/, divisible among the proprietors, being 2/ 16s 4d on each of the 1,100 shares into which the capital of the company is divided. It was resolved to return 2/ 5s per share, and to place the balance, 625/ at the disposal of the directors for their services.

At the first meeting of the Surewssury and BirmMincuamM company, a report was presented, which, after alluding to the arrangements which had been made with opposing companies, to secure one unbroken line of railway communication between Birmingham and Shrewsbury, and explaining that the portion of the line between Wolverhampton and Birmingham would be made by the Stour Valley company, states that an amalgamation had been entered into, as between Shrewsbury and Wolverhampton, with this company and the Shrewsbury, Wolverhampton, and South Staffordshire company. It then announces that the works are to be immediately proceeded with, and interest at the rate of 4 per cent per annum allowed on all calls and deposits. The report was adopted, the directors re-elected, two auditors appointed, and the secretary’s salary fixed at 5007 per annum, and 300/ presented to him in testimony of his exertions in effecting an arrangement with the Dudley and Madeley company.

‘The first meeting of the Nortu SrarrorpDsHiRE company was held on Wednesday. The report, after congratulating the shareholders on their success in obtaining their bills, states that the line is staked out, and every necessary measure taken for at once proceeding with the line, and opening at the earliest possible period, to effect which a call of 2/ 18s will be made payable on the Ist of De- cember. ‘The total receipts have been 355,120/, and the expenditure 140,846/, leaving a balance in hand of 214,274/. The report was adopted, the directors re-elected, and their remuneration fixed at 2,500/ per annum ; two auditors appointed, and the secretary’s salary fixed at 800/. After the meeting, the first sod of the line was turned with great ceremony. On the same day, the TRent Vattey, Miptanps, and Granp

Junction company held their first meeting. The business was only of the usual formal description. The receipts have been 73,500/, and the payments on account of expenses 12,710/. The Enrievp and Epmonton company have held their first meet-

ing, but the business was entirely formal. ‘The line is to be immediately proceeded with, and, being only 3 miles in length, may be expecied to be opened in the spring.

The opening of the Lancaster and Carxis_e Railway to Kendal took place on Monday last. The East and West Inp1a Docks and Brrmincuam Junction

company held their first meeting on Monday, when the directors were re-elected, with an allowance of 1,000/ per annum, and two auditors appointed. It was mentioned that negotiations were pending with the Blackwall company, so as to give this company a terminus in Fen- church street, and that 4 per cent interest would be allowed on calls and deposits. ‘The reccipts have been 59,715/, and the expenditure to the present time 51,000/,

‘Two meetings have been held during the past week of the Great Eastern and WEsTERN shareholders, one promoted by Mr Spack- man, and the other by the directors, the first of which did not come to any definite result, but the other dissolved the company.

‘The directors of the GLoucester, ABERYsTURTH, and CENTRAL Wates have refused to give the committee of shareholders any information. The adjourned meeting did not muster strong enough to dissolve the company.

The CrirnerRoE Junction company have agreed to wind up. A similar course has been taken with the CaLeponian Extension

company, 25s per share being returned out of 2/ deposit. A public dinner has been given at Doncaster to Messrs Dennison

and Baxter, in testimony of their exertions in obtaining the bill of the Great Northern company.

The Nenagh guardians have memorialised the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland to give the directors assistance, by way of loan, to proceed with the TeEmrpLEMoRE and Nenacu railway, in order to find employment for the working classes. A similar application is to be made from Cork relative to a proposed Bantry line.

FOREIGN RAILWAY NEWS.

FRANCE. (From our own Correspondent.)

Tus Norrugrn Rainway.—Our Paris correspondent corrects an evident typogra- ical error in his last week’s letter; instead of 20,000 frs, or 2,000/ for present daily Xpenses, it should have been 50,000 frs, and the sterling sum is right,

Panis, Sept. 23.—Our railway shares were progressing, and every one anti- ted high prices in consequence of the weekly increase of the receipts in

ll our working lines. But this upward tendency has been checked by poli- ticalinfluenees. All our speculators are at present hesitating, and there is a general disinclination to hold railway shares, aslong as the Spanish question

}

of alarming reports, about new protestations of England against the double marriage. On that day all the securities fell with a frightfu rapidity. The 5 per cents receded 50 cents, the 3 per cents 85 cents, and the railway shares 15 frs on most of the companies. However, yesterday, the prices rallied a little, and the fall of the preceding day has been diminished by one half. It is certain that the shares should have experienced a much greater rise, had they not been thwarted by the present political imbroglio. We understand that a large capitalist has been “ executed,” i. e. that all the stock which he had bought for next account had Leen sold out compulsatively.

It is generally believed that M. Dumon, who is now visiting the English railways, will be obliged to shorten his visit on account of the new cated affairs.

One of your railway newspapers has hinted that the Amiens and Boulogne company should not want their last call of 2l, and that nine-tenths only should be paid by the shareholders. This statement is quite unfounded. The works of that line are proceeding with activity, and the section from Abbeville to Etaples is already in a satisfactory state of forwardness : so that this section will be opened towards April of next year, and as the first section from Amiens to Abbeville will be worked within a short period, the travel from London to Paris will be shortly lessened. At this moment the London mail, which takes the route of Amiens, and comes by the Northern railroad, arrives later than by the ancient route, because the materiel of the Northern company is not completed.

The following are the receipts of the last week on our principal railways :—

compli-

4 6" €, Paris and Orleans, for the week ending Sept. 15 6911 9 8 a 3 a et ee 14 8400 5 4 Orleans and Bourde: 16 oe 3,081 8 2 Northern railway ...ccccceccessees 11 ons 10,239 7 4

You see that there is a new increage on the last receipts of the Northern railway, which amount now to 1,477/ ts per day. Thus they approach the moment when their daily expenses will he exeeeded by their receipts.

The works of the Rouen and Havre railway company are quite completed, and they have their whole maéeriel in hand, so that they will be able to open the line to the goods traffic in the middle of next month. M. Dumon seems desiroua that the line should begin with the goods traffic for a certain length of time beforeallowing its carrying passengers.

The reports of a probable amalgamation between the Paris and Rouen and the Rouen and Havre railway companies are no more spoken of, but every one thinks that it will certainly happen, sooner or later. It is even probable that the Dieppe and Fee mp line will also enter this amalgamation.

The works of the Orleans and Viergon railway are not completed, as stated by many newspapers. It is probable that this line will not be opened before March or April of next year.

The following are the variations of the share list from the 15ch to the 22nd instant :— The Northern shares have fallen 6f 25c, at 727f50c; Orleans, 5f, at 1,280f; Rouen, 10f, at 970f; Havre, 5f, at 722f50c ; Marseilles, 15f, at 932f 50c; Bale, 5f, at 230f; Vierzon, 5f, at 632f 50c ; Boulogne, 5f, at 480f ; Bordeaux, 7f 50c, at 568f 75c ; Lyons, 6f 25c, at joe Strasburg, 2f 50c, at S03f 75c; Nantes, 5f, at 510f; St Germain, 35f, at

Panis, Sept. 23.—Half-past 4.—During the first part of the day the prices of the shares were steady, but heavy sales have been effected towards the close of the market, so that the last quotations are sellers.

The northern shares have fallen for next account from 730f to 727f 50c ; Orleans from 1,282f 50c to 1,275f; Rouen from 960f to 956f 25c ; Havre from 935f to 927f 50c ; Lyons from 530f to 527f50c; Strashurg from 505f to 508f 75c.

It was reported that many sales bad been effected on the fives and the threes by a great banker, who is negotiating with the Austrian government for a new loan of from 40 to 60 millions of florins.

Maprzip, Sept. 18.—Three per cents, 363, ¢ for money ; four per cents, 22; five per cents, 224 for money; debt without interest, 6{ for money; coupons, 20§ for money. Exchange on Paris, 15 17; on London, 364.

RAILWAY SHARE MARKET SUMMARY.

LONDON. Monpbay, Sept. 21.—The business in shares continues to be extremely limited. In

the present state of the market generally, he want of business can alone account for the maintenance of prices in shares, for if sales had been pressed a decline of prices would necessarily have taken place. Eastern Counties, 21g; Edinburgh and Glasgow, 71 ; Great Southern and Western (Ireland), 31$; Leeds and Bradford, 70}; London and Brighton, 60}; London and North Western, 199; London and South Western, 70}; Loudon and York, 24; Midland, 1374; Newcastle and Berwick, 27}; Norfolk, 1324 ; North British, 36}; Scottish Central, 20. Turseay, Sept. 22.—The share market is, perhaps, more than usually inactive, with

no alterations in quotations worth noticing. Aberdeen, 14}; Bristol and Exeter, 84; Caledonian, 16; Eastern Counties, 21]; East Lancashire, 224; London and North Western, 199}; Manchester and Birmingham, 76; Midland, 137g; Newcastle and Berwick, 27}; North British, 363; South Eastern and Dover,40; Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth, 44; York and North Midland, 95. Wepwescan, Sept. 23.—The share market still continues to be excessively dull,

business being very stagnant. Foreign serip shares are quoted at slightly improved prices at the close of the market. Bristol and Exeter,85; Caledonian, 15j; Chester and Holyhead, 24§; Eastern Counties, 21}; Ely and Huntingdon, 54; Great Western, 137; London and Brighton, 593; London and North Western, 2004 ; London and South Western, 71 ; Newcastle and Berwick, 27; North British, 26; Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton, 7}. Txunspay, Sept. 24.—The market for shares is in the same dul] and unsatisfactory

state. Birmingham and Oxford Junction 5¢; Bristol and Exeter, 843; Dublin and Bel- fast Junction, 2 ; East Lancashire 22}; Edinburgh and Glasgow 714; Hull and Selby, 1054 ; Leeds and Bradford, 70} ; London and Blackwall,8 ; London and North Western, 200; Midland, 138; Norfolk, 1314 ; South Eastern, 394 ; York and Newcastle, 41}.

Farpay, Sept. 25.—There has been no alteration in prices worth noting to-day, but there is very little doing. Aberdeen, 144; Chester and Holyhead, 243; Eastern Coun- ties, 214; East Lancashire, 223; Edinburgh and Glasgow, 72; Great Northern and Weslern (Ireland), 319; Great Western, 138; Hull and Seiby, 1053; Leeds and Brad- ford, 70§ ; London and Brighton, 59}; London and North Western, 200; Lynn and Ely, 16}; Midland, 1374; Newcastle and Berwick, 263 ; Presten and Wyre, 31} ; South Eastern, 394: York and Newcastle, 41; York and North Midland, 95.

Betrast, Monday, Sept. 21.—The good feeling, noticed in our last, towards the favourite local railway stocks, continues to manifest itself in Belfast; and the absence of sellers of these is the cause of business being very contracted. Scrips (with the exception of Newry,Warrenpoint, and Rrosstrevors, now worth § to § premium) are neglected. The report of the directors of the Ulster railway, prepared for the half-yearly meeting of proprietors. to be held on Thursday, is most satisfactory. A dividend of 19s per share, for the half-year, is suggested, leaving 721/ 0s 94 to be carried to the reserved fund. 50,0! 0/ has been borrowed at 4 and 44 per cent interest ; and it is recommended to authorise the

directors to take on loan what they may see fit, to the extent of the 150,000/ further al- owed to be so raised by act of parliament. The traffic on this line has steadily kept considerably in advauce ef the corresponding period of the preceding year ; and the conveyance of bread stuffs, with the consequent increase in travelling for their purchase, is

likely to maintain this state of matters. We observe the Belfast and County Downcom-

pany are lock-spitting the portion of their line immediately to be proceeded with; and the directors have resolved on allowing 4 per cent interest on all calls, till the railway be opened for traffic.—Cunningham and Co.'s Circular.

| |

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- r THE ECONOMIST. | ’

, ’ e e

Che Cronomist’s Railway Share hist. The highest prices of the day are given.

. je Sizal London. siz s! London. eititt «| > s s3|/s= Name of Company. > . istie= Name of Company. SE $3.3 *| Name of Company | London, |

s§ Eal?z ——— | s2 2323 ——- | g§ 2siiz | Lisson 2a Sting M.)| F. a4 lsow'd M.| F. iQ ie 3S [M.| F a | | ec ee —_— | — — ee eceeemmnens, mates rs peittinanly titiicepaiis Neate ta

18000 50 | 20 Aberdeen ........ cooeese] 15 | 15 36000, 50 All London and South Coast 614, 60 80000; 50 | 50 South Eastern (Dover) ..... 40 404 30000 25 2§ Ambergate, Not. and Boston 23| 23 avr. 40 | — Consol. Shares new ....... 49 | 48} 9sd00! 50 | 20 | — New iss. at 18 dis. No. 1 o4" oa It

9500 100 | All |Birmingham and Gloucester 131 (131 33000) All 276s London and Croydon .. 223) 21% 42001 5t 12 | — Ditto ditto No. 2 154 14 10000, 25 | All| — 3 Shares, iss. at 74 dis....) 324, 32 33000; 9 9 | — guaranteed 5 per cent 103} 103 126000 50 | 15 | — Ditto 20 dis. No.3 ....... 18° ee 26000 25 | 2 |Birmingham & Oxford Junc.| 6 | 53 43077; All 129% London and Greenwich 93] 9% i 24) — New, No. 4....coscsccess 33 : 15000 100 | 75 |Bristol and Exeter 86 | 84% 11136! All 184! — Preference or Priv. 23 | 23 20 1 Staines and Ric hmond fer Sieg

15000, 334, 5 | — NeWessssssenserers 103° 103 46200; 50 413 London and South W estern. 72 | 71 95 | 2§ Trent Valley & Holyhead J,/s....!...,, 8000 50 | 30 [Bristol and Gloucester. 53. 53 50 174; — New Shares spohenbenns | ol 26 2 Vale of Neath : ears

| 20 | 42s Buckinghamshire ....... lg 12 40 40 | — New Consol. Eighths |... | 428 Warwick and London, aiiipadlehe 36000 50 | 20 |Caledonian............ 16 153 Mt eed een 20 | 11 Waterford and Kilkenny ..,! 64 6i

| | 2)) — $ Shares ...cc..0. a | 50 24 London, Salisbury, & Yeovi | 13)Waterford, Wexford, W ick- 60000, 25 24) — Extension ........... 1g, Ig 100000 50 24,/London and York... SOW, BIG THUD cos ccncciseslcocctelec.

| 25 1g Cambridge and Oxford it ee 25 23) — $ Shares.........ss008 »]es | lz Waterford, Wexford, and icy 42000 50 | 27} Chester and Holyhead. 5g 243 10000 50 | 123 Londonderry and Cc ‘olera 1ine | Valentia. cu 40000 25 | 14\Cork and Waterford sunenbaonsan 10000 50 124 Londonderry & Enniskillen. | 50 23, Welsh Midland ........ l ea

18000, 50 | 5 |Cornwall.........sss00es 1 3 8000) 25 15 [Lynn and Ely .........000-s000 20000) 50 | 42s.!West Riding Union ....... 43 44 36000 25 | 2g Derby and Crewe. nace 13200 25 15 |Lynn and Dereham........... 30000 50 | 10 | Wilts, Somerset, and Weym. 6/5 || 80000) 25 23 Direct N nthe rm Ij! 1§ 13000100 82 |Manchester and Leeds 2 |Wisbeach, St ou 3, and Cam- |

50 | 54 Direct Manchester (Rastric k) saath ececce 50 | 38 | — 3 Sha>res orccccccccccecssoeees ( brid Ze JUNCTION ceveee cesses! soveeslovsees 10000, 50 | 16 |Dublin and Belfast Junction, 5 ove 1950¢ 25 2 | — 4 SHALES ......ccccreeeveeee 73; 73 300000! 50 | 239, York and Carlisle...........0...)e0800 3 | 21600} 40 | 4 Dublin and Galway .........e0-!eeesss seeee 22750, 64 63) — Sixteentl 8 84 6700, 50 | All |York and North Midland 98 | 97 | 24000; 25 14; East Lincolnshire... — 20 3 | — Fifth 200.0000 cceeee . 10 9 6700) 25 | 25 | — § Shares ......ceccceceeceees 48 | 47 || 60 143! All |Eastern Counties 214 21g 42s| — Extension .......... woe} 43 43 10400 25 | All | — Scarborough Branch 48 | 45

164000 25 |216s) — New oa ooo! 178 173 30000 40 40 Mane he r & Birmingham.., 77 | 76 6700 50, 4% | — Selby 83 | 82 | 144000} 63) 63 — Perpetual 5 pel ret No. A] 73 7% 110 | 5 | — 4 Shares (A) ccccsseeseee) 152 139 25300, 25 | 25 | — Extension ...... eopeees 443) 44 144000; 63) 64) — Ditto, No.2 ...... 74) 7 10 5 | —3 Shares (B)... ooo) 133] 139 1 | — East and West Riding

25 | #4 — York Extension 23) ccoece 10 1 | — 2 Shares(C) ..ccccccrcceree| 9 {.ccove | Extension .....ccccccccceces| LBZ cercce | }800C, 50 | All Edinburgh and Glasgow 72) 713 25 2 ‘Manchester & Southampton 13) 33 | | 18000) 25 | 10 | — 4 Shares .....-ccoccecesereeee| 19 | 193 20 42s.:Manchester and Buxton...... eS Foreign Railways. 18000; 12}) 123) — . Shares .. cccscesvese| 18 | 18 41554/Stk. 100 |Midland.......... eoceeee cocceseees 139 1158

G6} 1253) 122) — New } Shares... slleegibiineie eosese 40 24 | — New 40/. Shares st 36 | 35} 2 eer, pee oe 1}

10000) 25 3 |! Fdinburgh and Perth soit cl shia tienen 1000/1008 Stk.| — Birmingham and Derby 112 [I1! 16 Boulogne and Amiens 154) 143 7800, 18 74, Ely and Huntingdon .. 24000; 25 Laj;Newark and Sheftield.........(..o00+|-eseee 75000, 20 2 Bordeaux, Toulouse, & Cette |

12500; 50 |Ali Glasgow, Kilmarnock 47) 77 560000 25 15|Newcastle & Berwick ... 27 Mackenzie) .....-cccoscescees 13) 13] 15 | — NOW ccocccccecoccessoscseses|coeece| cooce 20000, 25 25 \Newcast nd Darlingt 2 2 ‘Bordeaux, Toulouse, & Cette

12500) 125. 123) — 4 Shares (5 Dp. ct. eae 1 | — New (Espeleta) ......00 pebeniaeek Ms) wil 6090, 25 42s'Goole and Doncaster 25 25 | — New l 7s |Caleutta and Diamond Har |

60690} 25 13 Grand Union. éa'sar Juonene 100 Norfolk 3 bour of 0,100 | All Great North of England ..... 230 230 7 | —4Shares. Al is 150000, 20 | 2 |Central of Spa i

7500, 40 5 | — NOW... cvccccccsccccscesccsess| 60 60 i 2|— Tent hS.... om 98 CeylON ceeceveees eos tt 30 | 15 | — New 30/Shares.....00...) 52 | 52 2 | — Extens yee 24 Demerara ........ 24 | |

14, — New....s0..- |) 36000!) 25 | 25 North British i 7 37 6 Dendre Valley ..... 44l}

2 50 | 272 (areat Southern & “West. a. )} 32% 31 124; 11 ;) — Halves i623: 153 6 Dutch Rhenish ...cce...e0000. ‘| 5

24 50 | 15 | — Extension ....... 12 13 — Extensi 4 4 5S Eust India...cccccsee . i|| 5 100 | 85 |Great Western... 25 | — Dalkeith ... ......000-.-cececs cveees! soo cee »s Great Indian "? eninsula. onus

2 50 | All; — 4Shares ....... _ 5i— Exte sion (Dalkeith) ...|.ececs!seoes ‘i 5s Great Wes ern Bengal ..

37500} 20 | 20 | — Fifth Shares ....... 20 2 Northampton, Ban a | 20 $4 Great Western Canada ...... esses!

3 25'10|—434 Share nee 10196) 50 50 No aha rn and Eastern. wi ae 138 3 Italiin and Austrian ..

20090, 50 5 |Guildford, Ports.& Fareham. |......)...0+. 3136! 50 ; 67 15000 20 1 Jamaica South Mi | soo) 50 | All Hull & S eID ya aes Sinan ae .. 107 1053 12208| 123 ~ Junction ) a8 8000] 125 123] — 4 Shares........cccsccorees..| 22 | 22 Db Jermey rceccvececcscecosece Fences 800°) 25 25, — 4 GOR vcr ntetevsinsnse 514 514 | 20 26000, 20 5 Louvain ala Sambre ......... 1 | covcee lt 50 45 Lan aster and Carlisle 63 | 62 66000! 50 20 2 |L S ANA AVISMON cee cee ove seeleovees coveee | |

sonsccen 1) 104 12000) 25 4 'g iF 13 }) § 50 ls and Brad 71 70; 50 25000 20 | 10 ( i]

29 ester and Birmingham... ; i 2604) 50 9 | 50 sster and Bedford.... 5 : 25 } 1 |

cester, Tamworth, Covel 20 ! 3 ||

Birmingham 25 5 So Valley Junction .. Bal Overyssel coccorerscevescescccccse| | Wit

23 Liverpo 1& Newcastle Junc 12000; 25 Paris and Lyons Constituted| 6... |

412 Stk. 100 London & North Wester: Paris ANd Orleansececees--soees 49 i9

4 32 | 32 | — § Shares ...... 200 0000 > Paris and Rouen ........-0000..) 38 7}

55000 25 2, — 3 Shares.. 2 18000 Paris& Strasburg Conatituted no

20 2, — Fifth Shares .... 2i | 31 20 Rouen and Havre 29 | 28

2, W— Extensio . Sinidiabndinbielsas bes enolinesee 22000) 50 Sambre and Meuse..... 23, 3h] 48000 All 16% London and Blackwall 7 gi 50 Strasburgh and Basie 9 9 |

63 3 — New. fiat : ji 4; Tours & Nantes C onstituted ‘ 5 | 5 | = teaiem Se ae aS W ost F Lanes csccccescscseceses , i]

Se ————ee ESE i

OFFICIAL ‘RAILWAY diene 7 | |

= s £28 23s .sss- Dividend at ° RECEIPTS. = >> ®ss ieee >= 2285.32 = itil let iacsadi lien Ti cceenies italia ae | ES EL aise SBs2tsstzes last meeting > a Sz > s s. 8 isa = Sse cS & — | ae |

=> SPS ies 2¢.s'c2es| 9 . Son I es Same Miles aS |

== c ted s i°*®st. 372 = » per cent Name of Railway. endin v = Passengers, Goods, } Total week | open re

=s SPE SSSSi CSC VEeiwe wel PF e “| ES | parce . Cattle, &c Receipts. in we il -s s STSezrstes &s per = parcels, &c. a » xe. I ae eS

is S$ (© $= sis ssisi 5s! annum. a 1s45 | 184 RB f S° SB ere@oet i eocozs = ™“ 1} - Boe Oye sc UQes ¢

£ £ £ £ £ £eqd£e0d 1846 £ t 102000, 35000 140783) — — 012 6 6 0 @: Arbroath & Forfar... e. Sept. 19, 2387 , 202 15 12 962867 95426 658293 97¢2} 20335,013 0 212 0, Chester & Birkenhead Bl esscase . 738) 15 02 434704 265271, 689247, 20225 28624,1 4 0 314 0) Dublin & Drogheda ... oor 17} 15928... 878 315 | <9 200000 152200 3497365 — _ _ 9 0 © Dublin & Kingstown... ie 22) 17616 1022) 7Z | 140

100000 49445) 159285 2989 6993, 012 6 6 0 0} Dundee & Arbroath ... 20 9042 j 335 Af ~0 169350, 1245) 270392; 9889 17702010 0 2 0 O| Durham & Sunderland eo 19) 4383 890 185 | 27

1125900) 375000 1649523) 29429 55866110 0 6 0 0| Edinburgh & Glasgow one 19° 27202 2925 5025 46 98 2623625 470000 3783988) 80893 201908 0 9 0 6 2 8 Eastern Counties & N. & E. 26; 52036 7110 19 5 | 3018 14 5909 143 71

oe he 260000 _ > _ _— Eastern Union en — DD sccsnin cout intiiis — gseseslcoxsbsens eeneeeee eoeseseve 17 34 1277745, 69606, 1301383 22924 55191,115 0 7 0 0, Glasgow, Kilmarnock, & Ayr 9 1489 19 9/| 1015 8 2000 51 49 650000, 216666, 797643, 11839, 23447/0 5 02 0 0 Glasgow, Paisley, & Greenock | 19 827 210] 382 8 1091, 225 | 83 —_ - 85000 _ _ _ 5 0 0 Gravesend & Rochester ove 000" coseveses eoeee eoeccecceccs love coceseceese oe ter eneeee ‘ oe

4609995, 4396481, 6937719 189621 308699|3 8 0 8 0 © Great Western . wee 20 66485 161 98 l 2 | 4219 13 18101 245 83

438000, 155540, 719205) — — | = _ Hartlepool = ws. ave AD sessoronel 6013 9] 911 5 4 1378 15 64 10712910 5598154,16327526 467340 1002270,5 0 010 0 0 London & North Western, ia. .320697 9 13654 5 11 40359 34: 129

855845, 213712 1079076, 23891, 28972, 0 2 @ 1 4 0 London & Blackwall ... 5 859 39) 345 | 2485763 6 3399229 62638. 120748 1 4 6 5 0 0 London, Brighton, & S. Coast 7700 89 | 123

— — _.| 2636583, 81917, 182299 117 6 8 19 5 London & South Western... 8098 93 a 4571 258972); 866001 11849 29918 218 © 516 0 Manchester, Bolton, & Bury 1028 10 126 |

204677 1683759) 3770551 58418 153866 217 6 7 0 @ Manchester & Leeds oe ose | (sa jnnninen ene acvnastennagee? 3 8460 56 144 5639266 1918409] 7235588 148887) 309668 310 € 7 0 0 Midland Ga? seats “ae 20698 317 73

701739 = | 527980) — _ _ _ Newcastle and PRerwick eves m 878240 188563) 1135069 26499 73947 — 5 0 0 Newcastle & Carlisle ... ove 603 5

15 0 153876) 309629 8943 18466 1 5 0 5 © O Newcastle & North Shields... 7 ae 1023557, 109332) 985079 19144) 37936 012 06 0 © Norfolk... ne ion = 59 29

= - 7000008 — | — - _ North British ... oe os 73 af 1690000 400000100000008 — {| — — 8 0 0 Paris & Orleans ove ove 82 - 1410006 —- |— 31247 91171 018 09 1 2 Paris & Rouen... eee eee 54 vo 830000) 179852, 355161 4191 7066 012 6 5 0 O Preston & Wyre ove eee 199 ¥ 147088 35505, 168434 —- i —_ _ _ Richmond ose oss inne 6 .

1150060, 311759, 995146 11895 14876 _ _ Sheffield & Manchester $1 US 4359060, 1800755 5260815 62726) 193058 017 0 3 8 ©. South Eastern... am ae 13¢ o4 fl

— — | 900000: — | — -- -= South Devon ae mi 20 Bian 16 is | 525009! 195000 595089 9115 ‘ 2 611 314 6 Taff Vale re one an 30 ee | 519150 20000 348626 5401 — 5 10 ©} Ulster ... iain 5 al |

1397022, 876040| 1957979} 46369, 145843 210 010 0 0| York & North Midland ose 122 62 1026469, 403975, 1314700! 29010 75502 1 2 69 0 G, York and Newcastle ... ”- 101 64 |

\

———S EN

Cicer ern rg eee ears SSS PSs

1846. | Ee

*_* The Economist can be forwarded, by packet FREE OF POSTAGE to the following British Colonies and Foreign Countries, viz :—

Aden Ionian Islands | Bremen | Antigua Jamaica | Buenos Ayres Bahama Malta | Cuxhaven Barbadoes Montserrat | Denmark Berbice Nevis France Bermuda | New Brunswick | Greece Canada Newfoundland | Hamburq Cariacou | Nova Scotia | Haytior Demerara | Quebec | St Domingos Dominica St Kitt’s | Lubeck

\ Gibraltar St Lncia | New Granada Grenada St Nincent’s | Peru Halifax Tobago Spain Heligoland Tortala | Venezuela Honduras Trinidad | India via South- Oe |

| ampton ,

Postage of Foreign Letters. (From the Post Ofice Packet List.)

The single rate on all foreign and colonial letters, when conveyed by packet is as follows:—

By packets from Southampton,

Between the United Kingdom and Single rate. s d

| aLisbon eee eee eee one oo eee 2

aSpain (by Southampton packet) ose eo. 2 9 aGreece and Egypt (Alexandria excepted) ove 1 6 Alexandria ... 1 6

aPanama, Chili, Peru, and W estern Coast of Ame- rica ose eee one > ©

| aHayti and the foreign West Ini Jia Islands (C uba { excepted) ese ose ove eos oe I & | aVenezuela eee . eee ove eo. I 0 | aMexico, Cuba, and New Granada ove 2 3 || Gibraltar... one eee on eee 1 0 || Malta . eee ose ose eee 1 0 }} Tonian Islands ove eve eos one mi a2

Honduras... ove eee ove oe 1 0 British West Indies (Jamaica and Berbice excepted) ... ove eee eee eve 1 0

{| Kingston, Jamaica we ove ove ove 1 0 }| Aden, via Southampton ... ove eee eee 1 0 {| Ceylon, via Southampton... ove eee oe | 0

India, via Southampton ... eee ove ove 1 0 Hong Kong, via Southampton ... eee ew. 1 0

|| aMadeira, via Lisbon ° ove 1 9 \| aDitto, by West India Packet eee ese e 1 10 || Jamaica, the Packet Port of Kingston, excep te d,

int luding the internal colonial rate of 2d) ... 1 2 Berbice, ditto eee eee . eee eee .

BY PACKETS FROM FALMOUTH.

| a Inland Postage if Tot

| from Falmth, 2° posted or deli- Single vered at the Port. Rate.

| a & d. s. d. || aMadeira ... oe . 8 2 110

1] aBrazil we ee 2 2 9 || auenos Ayres... 2 § 2 a

BY PACKETS FROM LIVERPOOL. | aUnited ae ‘ te

= ifax, NS s > Uniform rate of ove 1 0

{| NewfoundInd /) || Canada, Prince Edward Island, New Bn iuswick,

and N va Scotia (Halifax excepted), Uniform rate of eee 3 3

This includes the internal colonial rate of | 2d per half-ounce.

1 | BY PACKETS FROM DOVER. a 4

‘| Between the United Kingdom and || Belgium, British and Foreign (undera}oz) .. 1 0 || aCountries on the Continent of Europe, via Bel- | gium, uniform British rate (not exceeding 40z) 0 8

|| France and Algeria, British and Foreign rate, (un-

Bf]. GER. BUENOS) naveciicrcese cevenevnresenceviniavasncnessaces’ @ 40 '} aSpain, Portugal, ‘Barc dinia, Tuscany and "Lueca,

via France, ditto.. ee evecccccccscee O 10 || aPrussia, Belgium, Holland, I'wo Sicilies, Papal | States, Modena, Parma, Placentia,

chipelago, and Ionian Islands, via Franc, uniform British rate, (not exceeding $ ounce) ...... 0

Bavaria, via France, ditto. vercccece || Austrian dominions and cities of Crawcow and

Bolgrade, via France, uniform British and foreign rate (Under & § OUNCE)..cccccccsccrcccceccoeee 1 5

Greece, Ar-

Perrrriri iri tt tite rr

| . .

| SRD, SNUG. incnccnseninicinniansesinrio’ 0 9 1 Switzerland, via Franee, ditto .. - O11} }| Certain Northern States of Europe, forwarded || through the office of Tour and Taxis, via France,

| ‘oun een eeeeeeererrseeses sence ccoensses ere ces ces ees ecercvece 1 8 | . ‘tain States of Germany, served by the office of \\ ° yur and Taxis, via France, dittO s...secsceee 1! || wal illachia and Moldavia, via France, ditto .. 1 9 || Turkey in Europe (Belgrade excepted), and Scu- || _ tari in Asia, via France, ditto ... ove « 28

Southern Poland (viz. the Government of Cra cow, Lublin, and Sandomier), and Southern Russia, via France, ditto ese oo 1 C6

Alexandria, Beyrout, Smyrna, D: urdanelles, and Cc matantinople, by French packets, via Mar-

} seilles, ditto ove eee ove eee . Tuscany and Two Sicilies, ditto, ditto ... ee 1 9 Roman States een oes ditto ... a Greece, ditto, ditto ... eco eee eco oe 1 § Malta, ditto, ditto one ove A

Malta by the Month! y closed Mail via Marseilles ditto ove ove ove ove ove ow 1 3

Alexandria, ditto, ditto ... eee ose oe | 8 alndia, ditto, ditto oe ove eee ow oe 110 aHong Kong, ditto, ditto ... eos ove eco 1 10 alonian Islands, ditto, ditto ose eee ow 1 8

E43” The postage marked a must be paid in advance.

|

| tg may The re

} i i

CONOMITST, from its extensive and increas- lation among Members of Parliament, Bankers,

Capitalists, and the Trading Community, is well ad ipted as the me ‘dium for advertisements intended to meet the attention of those numerous and respectable cl isses.

Merel hants

THE ECONOMIST.

ADVERTISEMENTS.

PANE’ S TWO HOLE BLACK PENS, which are unequalled for their durability and easy

action, are adopted by the gentlemen of the Stock Ex change, and the principal pankkere, merchants, and public

Majesty’s judges, the most eminent counsel, and the reverend the clergy. Their cheapness, and popularity

tions of the genuine article, which are equally useless to the purchaser, and disgraceful to the vendor. The pub-

to purchase any as DEANE’S GENUINE TWO HOLE BLACK PENS unless each pen is stamped,

and the box, which contains exactly twelve dozen, has thereon a variously coloured label, inscribed

street, London bridge.”

Ct LVERWELL, M.D. M.R.C

One Shilling each, by net One and Sixpence.

\ Subject: How to live in sickness and in health. ConTENTS.—How to insure perfect digestion, tranquil

tented mind. By an observance of the instructions herein contained, the feeble, the nervously delicate, even

greatest amount of physical happiness, and reach in health the full period of life allotted to man.

»

and disap- pointments—on infelicitous = unproductive unions, &c.

Subject: Chastity and its infringements. These interesting little volumes, although bearing

imply, will be found of ifmmeasurable and general uti-

lity, for they tell of matters every living creature able to

these enlightened times, except that quality promulgated through questivmable channels, is at a very terrible dis-

In the exposition hereby offered of the till now hidden truths of nature, of human disapp. intments and their

become his or her own physician any more than their own lawyer, but it is insisted upon that we should

the laws whereby our existence and the issue thereof in their several healthy states depend, the duties that are

circle, and the terms on which the health and happiness of the present and future race of mankind have to rely.

parted, health will be found to be in our own keeping, and ha pine ss within the attainment of all ; by the avail-

companies of the city of London, besides several of her

haveinduced many unprincipled people to put forth imita-

lie are therefore cautioned, and respectfully requested not

“G. and J, DEANE, London bridge,”

“G. and J. DEANE'S 2 Hole Black Pens, 46 King William

WORKS BY ROBERT J. » &e.,

HAT ro EAT, DRINK, ann AVOID.

feelings, a good night’s rest, a clear head and a con-

to the most shattered constitution, may acquire the

()* SINGLE AND MARRIED LIFE. Subject: On marital anticipation

[HE PHYSIOL OG Y of the PASSIONS

upon subjects of very delicate import, as their titles

understand ought to know, but which information, in

count.

ways of relief, it is not contended that every reader shall

know the simple principles of our own organization,

expected of us in our individual capacities in the family

By such knowledge, and which is herein faithfully im-

ment her reof in fulfilling our duty to ourselves, we secure

the like advantages on our offspring to follow, and finally by the cultivation of our faculties, which is incon- sistent with degenerated health, the mind as well as the body may be exalted to the summit of pezfection,as best becomes the highest of God's creaiions.

The author's justifiextion for this seeming eulogy of his own writings, and the avowal of their integrity of purpose, must be measured by their perusal—his accre- dited qualifications guarantee that the t pics broached

involve his legitimate study and pursuit. To be had of Sherwood, 23 Paternoster row; Car

valho, 147 Fleet street; Hannay, 63 Oxford street; Mann, 39 Cornhill; or direct from the author, 10 Argyle place, Regent street, who may be advised personally ‘on these matters daily till 3, & in the evenings from 7 till 9.

6 oo FIRE and LIFE INSURANCE SOCIETY.

Established at York 1036, cal Empowered by Act of Parliament.

Capital 500,0007. PATRONS.

The Archbishop of York Sir W .R. Cooke, Bart The Marquis of London-'Sir W. A. Ingilby, Bart

derry Sir Tatten Sykes, Bart Earl Fitzwilliam sir E. M. Vavasour, Bart The Earl of Tyrconnel Sir Jno. H. Lowther, Bart, The Earl of Zetland . 2. The Farl of Yarborough Sir S Crompton, Bart, M.P. The Bishop of Ripon 'The Archdeacon of York Viscount Morpeth ‘Archdeacon of the East Lord Wharncliffe | Riding Lord Feversham 'The Archdeacon of Cleve- Lord Hotham, M.P. land Lord Howden, K.C.S.K.L.H/G. F. Barlow, Esq Lord Wenlock {Robert Cracroft, Esq

Lord Worsley, M.P. {Robert Denison, Esq Hon. E. R. Petre {Henry Preston, Esq Sir G. Strickland, Bart, M.P.'P. Saltmarshe, Esq Sir Francis Lawley, Bart {Marmaduke Wyville, Esq

Actuary and Secretary—Mr W. L. Newman, York London Agent for the Life Department—

Mr GEO. BURBIDGE, Auctioneer, &c., 2 Moorgate street.

The attention of the public is requested to the terms of this Company for Life Insurances, and especially for Female Lives. Extract from the Table of Premium for insuring 100/.

Age next Birth Male. Female. day. |

| .. +. d I 8. d 10 ie of ~ > 30 2 5 0 | 1 19 9 50 4 1 9 3 13 8 70 | 10 Oo 4 D gay ot oe = 15 12 10

Fire Insura unces are also effecte lb the most moderate terms, Farming! out the Average Clause.

Prospectuses with the Rates of Pr: mium, and every information may be had at the Head Difice in York, or of any of the Agents.

this Company on ck insured with

Cox TRACTS FOR SEAMEN’S CLOTHING.

Department ef the Comptroller for Victualling and Transport Services.

Somerset place, lith Sept., 1846. The Commissioners for executing the Office of Lord

High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland do hereby g.ve notice, thaton THURSDAY, the 8th October next, at One o'clock, they will be ready to treat with such persons as may be willing to Contract for supplying and delivering into her Majesty’s Victual- ling Stores at Deptford the undermentioned articles, viz. :—

Blue Cloth Jackets, No.1. Ditto Trousers, No. 1... Ditto for Jackets, No. 1 eee eee Ditto for a ji ae Ditto for Jackets, No. 2 eee Blue Serge Ditto Frocks

ee es $8,000 No. 5,000 pairs

15,000 yards eee 29,000

3,000 25 1,000 on

7,000 No.

are eee

”

”

White Wove Jackets (worsted) ae > ion Blue Knitted ditto (ditto)... ono 2a ai Stockings Knitted (ditto)... ev» 20,000 pairs Ditto ditto (Sanquhar) —— . we | Ditto Wove Worsted for Boys “a 500 , | Mits (worsted) on eco eee 1,500 Caps, ditto a. eee ove «- 10,900 No | Blankets ove eve eee eee 15,000 ,, Black Shalloon oes eve ece 8,000 yards. Hessen eee eee ese eco §6=.:1 2, 000_—s=*=»=»= Royal Canvas one eve eee 5,000 =, Padding Cloth ase ens eee 3,000 ,, Calico (white) eco eee eee §6=—. 20,9000 _—s=—="==» | Osnaburgh — a eee eve ove 2,090 ,, Black Linen «4. ose eco ese 1,000 ,, | Sheet ng eve ese eve eee 800 | White Serge ... eee eee ee 10,000 Black Silk eos eee eee ° 40,000 skeins Ditto Twist eve «» 40,000 yards Ditto Stay Tape . ove wo 80,000 || Ditto Tape for Blue Se es 200,000 ,, Ditto Thread ... ant wie 2,200 Ibs Pear! Buttons ... oes eee eve 1,000 gross

Silk Wove Buttons ... ose eee 800 ,, Horn Shank ditto eco eee 1,500 « Japanned ditto for Blue Serge eco 2,000 99

Iron Shank ditto eee eco eve 1,500 or

Black Iron ditto (four hole) oes 1,500 . | Tenders will not be received for a less quantity than |

5,000 yards of blue cloth. Samples of the articles, and the conditions of the contracts, may be seen at the said office. No tender will be received after one o’clock on the day of treaty, nor any noticed unless the party at- || tends, or an agent for him duly authorised in writing |

Every tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the | Admiralty, and bear in the left hand corner the words

‘Tender for »’ and roust also be delivered at Somer- set place, accompanied by a letter signed by two respon- | sible persons, engaging to become bound, with the person | tendering, in the sum of 25/ per cent on the value, for the due performance of the contracts. |

UN DER the especial Patronage of Her / Majesty THE QUEEN, H.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT,

the Royal Family and Nobility of Great Britain, the several Sovereigns and Courts of Europe, and universally preferred and esteemed.

ROWLAND’S MACASSAR OIL. hair, prevents it from It preserves and re

turning grey, or, d, restores it to its orig.nal | produces the

ifso change

colour, frees it from se rf and impurity, and rend it soft, silky, curly, and glossy. Its virtues remain unim-

paired by the change of climate, and it is alike in use irom the frigid to the torrid zone—from the assemblies of St Petersburgh to those of Caleutta and the remote East.

For Children it is especially recommended as forming | the basis of a beautiful Head of Hair.

Testimonial to Messrs RowLanp and Son, 20 Hatton garden, London. “23 Ms ison street, Old Kent road.

“Gen'lemen,—About August, 1839, my hair began to

fal! off, and in in so rapid a manner that, in the spa a month, my head was almost divested of hair. I tried several preparations for its recovery without the slightest bene fit ; when one day your circular, in ‘ Collins’s Memo- randa,’ caught my eye. I ventured on the purchase of a small bottle of ‘Rowland'’s Macassar Oil;’ after using which I found my hair was beginning to reappear; and, accordingly, I purchased a larger bottle, which, when finished, I felt satisfied that I had proved in my own person all that you profess as to its restorative qualities; in short, after two months’ steady perseverance in its use, I had as good a head of hair as at any time of my life ; for | which permit me to offer my thanks. I have delayed writing to you for six months (from the time of leaving

off the oil), wishing to test the permanence of its restoration. I find it continues firm and thick as before it began to fall off, with every prospect of its continuance.—I am, gentlemen, yours obediently, JOHN Foster.” |

Cavution.—The genuine article has the words ROW- LAND’S MACASSAR OIL engraved in two lines on the Wrapper; and en the back of the Wrapper nearly 1,500 times, containing 29,028 letters—without this none are genuine.

Price 3s 64—7s—Family bottle (equal to four smal!) 10s 6d, and double that size 21s

fae, ROWLAND’S ODON OR PEARL DENTIFRICE ;

A White for the TeEeTa, compounded choicest and most recherche ingredients of the

Powder

herbal—the leading requisites of cleantines and eff being present in the highest pessibledegree. It best on the Teeth a pear!-like whiteness, frees them frc tar, and imparts to the gums a healthy firmness, and to the breath a perfume.—Price 2s 9d per box. Cavtion.—Unprincipled shopkeepers, for the sake of

gaining a trifle more profit, vend the most spurious com- pounds under the same names; some under the impliec sanction of royalty. It is therefore im] erative on purchasers to see that the word “ROW LAND” s’ wrapper of each article. For the protection of the pu from fraud and imposition, the Hon. Commissioners of Her Maje sty’s Stamps have directed the proprict

of

the is on the

bhliie

ors’ name

and address to be engraved on the government sta thus—A. ROWLAND and SON, 20 Hatton Ga which is affixed on the Kalydor and Odonto.

Sold by the Proprietors, fumers. All others are fraudulent imitations.

SL Se $$

ee

————

|

| and by Chemists and Per- 1

|

oe oe eh ee

me rai NS a

A

1278

‘ikea EXTENSION RAILWAY.

Notice is hereby given, that in accordance with a resolution passed at a meeting of the shareholders of this company held to-day, at Gibb’s Royal Hotel, Princes street, Edinburgh, the sum of l/ 15s per share will be re- tur.ed to the holders of scrip on and after the 15th day of Uctober next; and the holders. of scrip are requested to deliver or transmit their scrip certificates to the secretary, at 122, Prince’s street, Edinburgh, four days prior to the day of payment, each of such certificates to be in- dorsed with the names and addresses of the holders of such scrip.

Bank cheques wil! be delivered, or, if requested, trans- mitted by post, tojthe holders of the scrip certificates four days after their receipt.

By order of the board, JOHN MARR, Secretary.

122, Princes street, Edinburgh,

23rd Sept. 1846.

T OUVAIN A LA SAMBRE RAIL- 4A WAY.—DIRECT TO NAMUR AND CHAR- LEROY.

FINAL NOTICE OF CALL.

The Directors of this Con pany beg to call the atten-

tion of their Shareholders to the following advertisement issued by them on the 30th

“LOUVAIN and JEMEPPE RAILWAY (DIRECT NAMUR and CHARLEROY).—NOTICE of CALL.— NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN, that the Directors of this Company have made a FORTHER CALL of 2/ per “hare on each share in this undertaking, PAYABLE following—viz., 1/ per share on the 2nd day of July next, aud the remaining 1/ per share on the 2nd day of October follov ing.

y last:—

and every

nann

‘*The proprietors are required to pay the above instalments to Messrs. Drewett and Fowler, bankers, London ; or to the Societe Generale, Brus the first moiety of

hare on or before the 2nd day of July next, and ining moiety of 1/ per share on the 2nd day of

October foll wing.

li per ’ the rer

“ Interest at the rate of 5/ per cent per annum will be charg om all sums remaining unpaid after the abovemen- ti d periods, and if either of such instalments sha!! re-

main unpaid after one month from either of those dates,

the shares become forfeited, according to the statutes of the Comany, “Joun Barnes, President.

* Geo. Dancs, Secrelary

“28 Threadneedle street, London, May 30, 1846.”

With reference to the above announcement, the Direc- tors now beg to state that the second moiety of the said

| will become absolutely due and payable on the 2nd day of October next, and that from and after that date interest at the 5 per cent per annum on ali suins remaining unpaid, will be charged until the 2nd day of November following ; after which date, all such shares as sh not then be paid upon, together with interest as aforesaid, will according to the statutes of the Company, become forfeited

rat f rate ot

be

The Directors have the pleasure to announce tbat the Contracts which have concluded are within the estimate of their engineer, and turtl that a report of the present position, and future prospects of the Com- pany may be obtained at their office the Ist day of Oct. next. JOHN BARNES, President.

GEO. DANCE, Secreta 28 Threadneedle street, Sept. 25, 1846

they

N Ok [TH STAFFORDSHIRE RAIL- a WAY.—At the FIRST ORDINARY MEETING { the Proprietors of the North Staffordshire Railway,

held at the Town Hall, Stoke-upon-Trent, on Wednes- day, the 23rd day of September, 1546 ; JOHN LEWIS RICARDO, Esgq., M. P., Chairman of

the Directors, in the Chair ; The Secretary having read the advertisement conven-

ng the meeting, and the Report of the Directors, the foliowing resolutions were moved and seconded, and passed unanimously :—

That the common seal of the company be affixed to the register of shareholders.

That the report of the pted

That the number of Directors be reduced to seven- teen.

That the foilowing gentlemen be appointed Directors, viz. :— J. Lewis Ricardo, Esq., M.P.

Directors be received and

| Mr Ald. Copeland, M.P. Esq Thomas Critchley, Esq.

Lord Viscount Ingestre. Edward Kinnersly, Esq. Joseph Mayer, Esq | Thomas Macaulay, Esq.

i ‘ ;

'

%. C. Sharp,

arles Pearson, Eeq Johu Ridgway, Esq. Francis Twemlow, Esq F. W. Tomlinson, Esq Henry Cox, Esq Thomas E. Dicey, Esq. William Worthington, Esq J. Bramley Moore, Esq Thom s E as Brodrick q

rhat the sum of 2,500/ be allowed as a remuneration to the I for their services to the passing of the acts,

and the like sum annually, for their services, from that pe

Chat William Hopes, Esq., and William Moore, Esq.,

ed A tors, and that the sum of 50/ be annu-

y wed as a remuneration for their services. I salary of the Secretary be fixed at the sum of

fh er annum J e best thanks of the meeting be given to the

lirectors for their admirable management of the affairs of th mpany

That the proceedings of this meeting be advertised in daily papers.

The Chairman having vacated the chair, and Lord In aving been requested to take, and having taken

It was moved and seconded, and resolved unanimously, That the best thanks of this meeting are due, and reby 5 ented to John Lewis Ricardo, Es

nt services which }

THE ECONOMIST.

YEETH PRESERVED and PAIN REMOVED.—Herr VON HELM’'S ALMA ANO-

DINA is a certain remedy for tooth ache, having cured some thousands throughout Holland, France, and Ger- many. This invaluable preparation has been submitted in England to SirC. M. Clark, Bart, M.D.; Sir M. Tier- vey, Bart, M.D.; Dr Chambers, Dr Paris, the late Dr Jounson,and many other eminent members of the facul- ty, and been pronounced by them as a great modern dis- covery : and they have expressed their astonishment at its powerful and beneficia! effects on the gums, and its antiseptic qualities in whitening and preserving the teeth, and strenuously recommend iis application to all effected by the tooth ache. Price 2s 6d and 5s per packet. Each packetalso contains an enamel stopping for decayed teeth, which can be applied by the patient, and becomes as hard as the other teeth immediately after use, rendering them again fit for mastication. (This stopping is now used by the most eminent dentists) Residents in the country remitting a post office order (or stamps) for 2s 8d or 5s will receive a packet with directions by return of post. Herr VON HELM can be consulted from ten to five on his new system of applying artificial teeth, that has gained him so much popularity,--394 Wigmore street, Cavendish square, corner of We!beck street

PATENT WATCHES and CLOCKS.— E. J. DENT respectfully solicits from the public an

inspection of his extensive stock of WATCHES, which ha been greatly increased to meet the demand at this season

of the year. Youths’ Silver Watches 4 Guineas each ; excellent Silver Lever do. at 6 Guineas each ; Ladies’ Gold Watches 8 Guineas each Dent’s manufacture is guaran-

teed t 1 by three separate Patents, granted in 1836, 1840, and 184

2 1 + 34 Royal Exchange, 82 Strand, 33 Cockspur street

YP HOLESO! a anne

HEADS OF FAMILIES,

NUTRITIOUS

HOUSEKEEPERS, & 1 desirous of curing Meat perfectly, without rendering it indigestible, suouid purchase CARSON’S MEAT PRE

zy which any Meat is thoroughly SERVER, by cured and " i, with

1 linutes, the guices and other nutritious properties the fresh sti ]

hottest weather.

desire ase in twelve to fil

reiained, as il

jed even in the

may be dressed afew hours. Prices 30st plete in a small box J ( Hockin

Dukes t, Manchester nd 1 Bishoy

THE LEAGUE

5 > E A D On. PAR FY. Provisiona'ly Registered.)

To carry out the Free Trade principles of the Le “ To enable the consumer himself to reap all the be

conferred and intended by the Legislature.” “* To supply the consumer with the best id unadul-

terated, at a trifling advan n the actual cost.” “To very materially reduce the; present price of the

Quartern loaf.” To su y the public with ee

Proposed Capital, !00,000 Deposit, 1s per share, being

land CHEAP BREAD.” 1 10,000 shares of 10/ cach

st amnouart all wed by the Joint Stock Registration A th 1 8th Vic., cap. 110. The liability of the share ler be ited to the amount of tl shares

The promoters of this undertaking have but one object in view, that is to eavour to secure to the and th community at large the le of BREAD at the lowest possible cost. ts r from the As- sociation will be divisable amongst t prietar The

lepartment, the Share

t the com-

strictest economy will be ca and the accounts will be subm holders. It is necessary mencement, to insure atte sed means

for carrying this great nati Jertaking into working effect Its establisiment is intended to benefit the masses

nal ur

and not a few speculative individu a every means will be: i to secure the confidence of the ‘‘ PUBLIC.”

] iases of corn will ney, and to be for ready 1 I fullest advantages to the Public and the Share-

holders, no credit will be given Mills at present unoccupied will be taken, at which the

grain will be ground, and then delivered pot of the Company.

A system of Baking (for which a patent has been obtained) will be adopted. The bread baked according to this system will keep perfectly fresh severul days.

itis proposed at *t a Bakery ina central

situation, from which bread will be delivered to any part of the Metropolis, if required

Interest to Shareholders fo rate of 5 per cent will be charged

It is proposed out of the first pr ay | advanced.’

» profits hereafter to be equally d Shareholders.

se means, honest y, at » a

rive thet

to the head de-

to ere

1] subscribed is aw

at the

rking expense tits to ‘ Redeem the

{

vided among the

id economically

ried out, the public illest advantages

1¢ Repeal of the Corn I Applications for Shares, in the subjoined form, prospec-

inay u

iws.

tuses, and every other information, to be addressed to tl S Mr EDWARD PAiRAT, at the temporary of- secretary,

fices of the Company, 3 Alderman’s walk, New Broad street, city; or to Messrs Ilodgson and burton, Solicitors,

10 Salisbury street, Strand ; Charles Godwin, Esq ., 2 Royal Exchange Buildings; Messrs R. Phipson and Co., 13

Bennet’s Hill, Birmingham; or Anthony Shiel, Esq, 43 Prince’s street, Edinburg!

Form of Apj TO THE DIRECTORS OF

ication for shares

THE LEAGUE BREAD COMPANY

[ Sept. 26, —} A

Te E PANKLIBANON IRON WORKS and Great WesTEeRN Emporium : . f Stove Grates, Kirchen Ranees, Iron Bepstgape,

Fenpers, Fire Lrons, Gengrat FuRNIsHiNnG IRon. MONGERY, Tinned Copper, Iron and best Tin C Vessels, Best Shettield Plate and Table Cutlery, ned T

Ooking ; : Japan. ys, Tea Urns, Ornamental Iron and Wire Wotks

randahs, Lawns, &c.; Flower Stands, Ever cle is warranted, aid marked at the lowest pricesin

plain figures, for Cash. Adjoining the Royal Bazaar 58 Baker street, Portman square. '

aa 9 : i ee

| ONDON ASSURANCE CORPO. 4 RATUON. Established A.D. 1720,

The NEW PROSPECTUS may be had by a written or personal application at their offices, 7 Royal Exchange Cornhill, and 10 Regent street, or of any of the corpora.

tion agents in Great Britain and Ireland. The chargesof managing the life departmentare defrayed by the corpora.

1, and not paid out of the premium fund, an advan. f afforded by no other office and well deserving the

attention of those desiring to,effect life assurance. Fire jn. surance on every description of property, on moderate terms, and marine insurance at the current premiums

JOHN LAURENCE, Secretary, -

[A CONOMIC LIFE ASSURANCE sv. 4 CIETY, 6 New Bridge street, Blackfriars, London

Established 1823 Empowered by Act of Parliay rent, 3 William I\

The Rt. Hon. Sir THOMAS FRANKLAND LEWIS, Bart Chairman.

HENRY FREDERICK STEPHENSON, Esq. Deputy Chairman.

rhe following are among the advantages offer l by this

s of premi 1m than those Lower rate of any other office, which enti the assured to participate in the profits, and islce lower than th se of any othe r Mutual Assur-

« t SOC \

© proprietary participate the profits, the whole | t ny Isil among the assured. |

A bonus is added, after the payment of the fifch annual premium, to every policy effected on the participating

scale a claim accrue thereon prior to the next division | oT profits

rhe first bonus, in 1834, averaged i6/ per cent on the premiums paid |

The second ditto, 1839, ditto, 31/2 ditto since the 1 t

1844, ditto, 36/7 ditto since the 2nd

Prospectuses and full particulars may be obtained, on

CAMPBELL JAMES DOWNER, Secretary

ON NERVOUS anpGENERATIVE DISEASES.

Just published, a Medical Work, in a sealed envel pe,at 8, and sent, p ps, ‘ st paid, for 38 Gd, in postage s

N ts perfect resto-

I AN AOOD: the causes of its premature decline, wit! ] 1 plain directions fe

I . addressed tothos« tering from nervous debility,

arising trom Solit Habits, and other Excesses; fol- by observ ns on MARRIAGE, the treatment of

eases of the generative system, illustrated with cases,

& By J. L. CURTIS and CoO., Consulting Surgeons, 7 Frith street, Soh London.

[we h Thousand.

Published by the authors, and may be had at

re ‘ also sold by Strange, 21 VPaternoste1

Guest, 51 Bull street street, Leeds ;

Birmingham ; Hobson, 5 Mercury Office, Nottingham;

, 4 St Ann’s square, Manchester ; Adver liser Office, Hull; G. Phillip, South Castle street, Liver

6 Bedford row, Dublin; W.and H. Robin- ers, 11 Greenside street, Edinburgh ; Camp-

et, Glasgow; and sold ina SEALED

all booksellers.

Courter Oftice

bell, 146 Argy tre

REVIEWS OF THE WORK. faNHooD, By J. L. Curris and Co, (Strange.) In

his age of pretention, when the privileges of the true are ly usurped by the false and ig orant, it is difficult

to afford the sufferer from nervous d bility the unerring igment where to relief. The authors

of this work have obviated the difficulty. Their long experience and reputation in the treatment of these painful diseases is the patient’s guarantee, and well deserves for

the work its immense circulation.— ra,

me seek ins of j

The numberless instances daily occurring wherein af- fection of the lungs, putting on all the outward appear-

ances of consn tion—which, however, when traced to e, are found to result from certain baneful ha-

fully prove that the principle of the division of labour is nowhere. more applicable than in medical practice and we feel no hesitation in saying, that there is no ! er of society by whom the book will not be found

whether such person hold the relation of a Pa- a PReECEPTOR, Or a CLERGYMAN.—Sun, Evening

their sours

married, as well as the unmarried, this little work alike affords consolation and cure in peculiar cases, ind we are doing a service to society in recomn

t to general notice —Essex and Herts Mercury

Manunoop. (Strange) ly distinguish its talented authors from

writers, whose pretensions to cure ill

indecently thrust before the publi

been the tandard

is apparent, and its peru- nd hope to the mind of the

ending

A perusal of this the i

CURTIS ON

+} in k will eas host of medical

Messrs CURTIS and Co. are to be consulted daily, at a (

FRITH STREET, SOHO SQUARE,

1080S .0 SSS

ee see ee

EERE em

ee

eisai aD cor aiteneeretenanennpaeeemeameannnenieeiarasnsansaamsensisiemenncinasdagsantensedmanestaeemaamenaanne STITT

ee ee

1846. ] THE ECONOMIST. 1279

ALF-PINTS PORT and SHERRY, I 10s 6d per dozen, in demi-semi-quaver bottles.—

Four glasses of capita] wine, in an elegant bottle, called a demi-semi-quaver, so ornamently shaped as to grace any dinner table.—Review.

in the study, at chambers, or at the office, with a snack or luncheon, nothing can be better, and the wine is certainly first-rate.— Post.

The wine is admirable, and the half-pints, or demi-

semi-quaver bottles, a most convenient form. — Herald. Hampers containing one dozen of each, or smaller

quantities, may be had as samples—semiquavers, or pints, Qis; quavers, Or quarts, 40s.—WILLIAM PENNY, QuUAVER Wine Stores, 12 Villiers street, Strand. — Terms, Cash.—Country agents wanted.

“THE STANDARD

OF COGNAC,”

Which is the best

FOREIGN BRANDY.

Brown 4s 6d per bottle. Pale 5s ditto.

i. HE PATENT

BRANDY

AND THE

GENUINE

SELTERS WATER,

Protected by the

Patent Metallic Capsule,

The only sure and self-evident safeguard against adulteration, can be obtained throughout

the Kingdom at the respective prices above-mentioned, or at

7 SMITHFIELD BARS,

AND

10s & doz large bottles. 1 ST JOHN'S STREET, 7s do small do.

Exclusive of carriage from London.

JATENT MALT and HOP EXTRACT, Manufactured by The BRITISH NATIONAL

MALT EXTRACT COMPANY. Office, 7 Nicholas lane, Lombard street.

This company has been established for supplying, on a large scale, ihe Patent Concentrated Malt and Hop Ex- tract for Exportation and Domestic Brewing. Ithas only to be dissolved in hot water and fermented. Sold in jars at Is and Is Gd each; and in bottles for 9 and 18 gal- lons ale at 6s 6d and 12s 6d each, by the company, and at the following agency estabiishments :—

LONDON.

LONDON sssssesseeveseeeeePetty, Wood, and Co., 53 Thread- needle street.

Wix and Sons, 22 {Leadenhall street.

Batty and Co., 15 Finsbury pave- ment.

Decastro and Peach, 65 Piccadilly.

Hockin and Co., 38 Duke street, Manchester square.

Thomas Gardiner, 12 Upper East Smithfield.

BERKSHIBE ...sesseeeeeCoWslade and Co., Market place, Reading.

J. Dismore, 13 Bedford road, Read- ing.

George Carter, 148 -Castle street, Reading

CAMBRIDGESHIRE......J. Sergeant Medical hall, Linton. John Brett, Soham.

CHESHIRE .cc.sseeeeeese 1. SOwers and Sons, Chester. DERBYSHIRE «....++0000-George Wild, Derby.

Paul Fletcher, Staveley, Chester- field.

DEVONSHIRE............Richard Evans, Son, and Hodgson, Exeter.

R. K. Geldard, Exeter street, Ply- mouth.

DORSETSHIRE ....+0+.E. Thornton, Broad street, Lyme Regis.

R. Hopkins, Wimbourne. DURHAM sessscocseeeeesss JOON Ritson and Sons, 4 High

street, Sunderland.

E,. Hodgson, 105 High street, Stock- ton-on. Tees.

GLOUCESTERSHIRE ...Halgood and Wane, Northieach. J. H. Holloway, 9 Clarence street,

Cheltenham. William and Richard Smith, Ciren-

cester.

John Mountain, Market place, Ci- rencester.

HAMPSHIRE .se+ees0-..eRandall and Sou, Southampton.

E. Hollis, High street, Botley. W A. Rogers, Alton.

HEREFORDSHIRE ......Edward Wemyss, Broad street, Hereford.

Wm. Middleship, Kington.

HERTFORDSHIRE ......John Wilding, Hitchen. KENT... and T. S. Wimble, Maidstone.

Edward Cotton, 94 High street, Rochester.

LANCASHIRE ssseeesereeed+ H. and S. Johnson, 7 Church street, Liverpool.

George Carruthers, 7 and 8 New street, Lancaster.

Thomas Standring, 1 Piccadilly, Manchester.

High street,

J. Sutherland, Post office, Burnley H. Whalley, Church street, Cli-

theroe. Thomas Green, jun., 298 North

road, Preston. John Hargreaves, Colne.

LEICESTERSHIRE .,.... homas Cooper, chemist, Leicester. LINCOLNSHIRE... .B. Briggs, Louth. NORFOLK ose cceeee sooo Stevenson and Matchett, Market

place, Norwich. E. Back, Gentleman’s walk. T. T. Curtis, Magdalen street. Thomas Rouse, St Stephen's It. Horne, Stoke Holy cross. F. Holmes, junior, Southtown. J.C. Dowsing, Noith quay, Yar-

mouth, NORTHAMPTON ......«..John Barringer, Parade. NORTHUMBERLAND .,.James Gilpin, Pilgrim street, New-

castle-on-Tyne

NOTTINGHAM .........J0hn Barber, Long row. C. Plumbe, Post office, Sutton-in-

Ashfield, Wm. S. Weightman, Market place,

Mansfield.

OXFORDSHIRE ...... +H. Brown, 101, High street, Ox- ford.

SHROPSH RE eseseseeseeehtichard Onslow, Cripple street, Wem.

SoMERSETSHIRE ...... Ferris and Score, Bristol. W. A. Woodley. East street, Taun-

ton.

James Nowlen, Chard. Richard Bown, Paulton,

STAFFORDSHIRG ...... William Bailey, North street, Wolverhampton.

Thomas Lucas and Son, Ligh street, Stone.

SUPFOLE sccececcccce ces coe James Wick, Hadleigh.

J. B. Cutting, Stowmarket. SURREY ..ccsee seseseceee- Sd I. Bidwell, Post office, Chertsey. SUSSEX ... G. 1 James Sparks, Little Hamp-

ton.

«Philip Harris, 140 Digbeth, Bir- mingham,

W. V. Wright, 41 Paradise street. James Soden, 1 Jordan well, Earl

street, Coventry.@ WILTSHIRE ...cccceees -William Walker, Malmsbury and

Tetbury. Squaryey and Co., Market place

Salisbury. R. Hayward, chemist, Devizes,

Worcestensnine ...Lea and Perrins, Worcester YORKSHIRE ............Godfrey Wood, Woodhouse lane,

Leeds. Samuel Lambert, 19 Whitefriars

gate, Hull. tobert Adams, Selby. Thos. Wood, Townend, Barnsley.

IsLE or WIGHT ...... George Spearing, High street. Ryde.

WALES... ++sseereceseseseeelhOS. Walters, junior, 3 Temple street, Swansea.

R. W. Davies, 49 King street, Car- marthen.

W.G. W. Freeman, High street, Tenby.

SCOTLAND ssocsesceseeeee HH. C. Baildon, 73 Princes street, Edinburgh’

J. Morrison, and Son, Macduff. Alexander Rae, Banff.

soseseoees GOOrgE Duff, 4 Eden quay, Dublin. James Cairns, 68 Foyle street

Londonderry. Willson, 33 Corn

Guernsey H. DIRCKS, Manager.

WARWICKSHIRE ....

IRELAND ...

CHANNEL IsLanpD ... Wm. arcade

Py XTRAORDINARY CURES by HOL- 4 LOWAY’S OIJINTMENT.—A WONDERFUL

CURE of Dreadful Ulcerous Sores in the Face and Leg, in Prince Edward Island. The truth of this statement was duly attested before a magistrate. #1, Hue Macponanp, of Lot 55, in King’s Connty, do hereby declare, that a most wonderful preservation of my life has been effected by the use of Holloway’s Pills and Ointment; and I furthermore declare, that I was very much afflicted with Ulcerous Sores in my Face and Leg; so severe Was my complaint, that the greater part of my nose and the roof of my mouth was eaten away, and my leg had three large ulcers on it, and that I applied to several medical gentlemen, who prescribed for me, but I found no relief. My strength was rapidly failing every day, and the malady on the increase, when I was induced to try Holloways Medicines. After taking two or three boxes, I experienced so much relief, and found the progress of the disease was so much arrested, that I was enabled to resume my ordinary labours in the field. The sores, which were so disagreeable and repul-

sive to behold, are now nearly all healed.@Having received such truly beneficial aid, I feel myself bound to express my gratitude to the person by whose means I have thus been restored from the pitiab!e and miserable state I was in; and for the sake of humanity make known my case, that others similarly situated may be relieved.

(Signed) HuGu MACDONALD.

This declaration made before me, at Bay Fortune, the 3rd day of September, 1845.

JosEpu Corrtn, Justice of the Peace.

The above case of Hugh Macdonald, of Lot 55, came personally under my observation ; and when he first applied to me to get some of the Medicines, I thought his case utterly hopeless, and told him that his malady had got so much hold that it was only throwing his money away to usethem. He, however, persisted in trying them, and to my astonishment, I find that what he has aforesaid stated to be perfectly correct, and consider the case to be a most wonderful cure.

(Signed) Witi1am Unpereay, Bay Fortune.

Sold at the establishment of Professor Holloway, 244, Strand, near Temple Bar, London, and by most all respectable Druggists and Dealers in Medicines throughout the civilised world, at the following prices in pots:—

1s 24d, 2s 9d, 4s Gd, Lis, 22s, and 33s each. There is a very considerable saving in taking the larger sizes.

N.B.—Directions for the guidance of patients are affixed to each pot.

THE DANCING SEASON.

The season for dancing claims mention in rhyme, And that’s why we take np the subject in time. We need not observe that ’tis binding on all To be drest in the choicest of style for a ball. Here the ladies (fair creatures) have set av example, And the opposite sex should observe the fair samy le. If a gentleman wish for a suit, wherewithal To add a peculiar grace to the ball, To “ Moses and Sons” let him quickly repair, And aon “dance” with delight when he sees what is

there:

Let him view the costume, and he’ll see at a glance That the dresses of Moses will honour the dance. Though the garments fit closely, they fit you with ease, Aud their beauty of workmanship cannot but please,

The gentlemen, all Who may dance at a ball, Give Moses a cali—

Where hundreds and thousands are daily advancing, To purchase the beautifal dresses for dancing. OBSERVE. — This establishment. will, be closed’ on

TUESDAY Evening, at half-past 5 o’clock, and will remain closed till THURSDAY Morning, 7 o’clock, when it will be resumed as usual.

WANTED.—Several YOUNG MEN in the Ready- Made and Bespoke Departments, and several YOUTHS, from the age of 14 to 16 years, as Cashiers. Apply Wed- nesday next the 23d, at 85 and 86 Aldgate, at 9 o'clock.

LIST OF PRICES, KEADY MADE, > s a

Tweed Taclioni eide's eektieenegahomonagioeabbes Chesterfield and Codrington Taglionis ............ 018 6 Summer Coats in every description and make,

including the registered Coat 2 Blouses in every material ........ccccccsesereeftom O 2 Splendid pattern Summer Vests .........000..+ eoeces 0 23 Cashmere and Persian ditto, in endless variety 4 Black and Fancy Satin, ditto...... sees Fancy Trousers...s.cccccesseseeecee eens . 0 6 Black, ditto .. 09 6 Dress Coats .. Frock dittOsseece seers qunaseocoeceascesonss

MADE TO MEASURE, Coats, of every material adapted for the season,

in any variety of style and fashion, to order, from 016 0

Quilting vests, 6s 6d each, or three for ............ 019 6 Cashmere ditto, in every variety of pattern ......0 8 6

Satin ditto, plain and faNCY ......cceccoresosesees Ditto, Cloth or Casimere ditto ......

Ditto, Black single-milled ditto 013 6

Spring Trousers, in every pattern saan 010 0 Single-milled and Albert Victoria ditto ... 019 O Best Black Dress ditto .. «++... 1 6 0 Dress CORRB ccc ccecences cece agentuedesegcosenes 2 0 Ditto, best manufactured .....-ceeceeseeees 0 Prowk CoQts... cccocateccoccees ° 0 Ditto, best manufactured ... oa 0

Mourning, to any extent, at fi Any article purchased, or made to measure, if not ap-

proved of, will be immediately exchanged, or the money returned.

Observe—E. MOSES and SON, Tailors, Woollen Dra- pers, Hatters, Clothiers, Outfitters, and general Ware- housemen, regret to be obliged to guard the public against imposition ; but, having learned that the untradesmanlike falsehood of “ being connected with them,” or “it’s the same concern,” has been resorted to in many instances, and for obvious reasons, they beg to state that they have no connexion with any other house in or out of London. Norice.—The entrance to the Bespoke Department is

at 84 Aldgate. And those who desire genuine Cheap Clothing should,

to prevent disappointment, call at or send to the Minories, and Aldgate, City, London.

"4 MPTON’S PILL OF HEALTH.— For bilious or sick headache, indigestion, and for the

whole train of symptoms arising from a weak stomach, or

vitiated bilious secretion, these pills are pre-eminently successful ; for costiveness, either habitual or temporary, they are admirable, and for elderly persons will prove the most agreeable medicine that can be taken. They are used with the greatest advantage by either sex, and will therefore prove an excellent family pill ; for in any case where an aperient medicine is required, it is presumed they necd only be tried to be immediately adopted.— Sold by Prout No. 229 Strand, London; and by most

medicine venders in the Kingdom. Price !s 14d per box.

A popular Treatise on the Health, Life, and Vigour of the Bodily Functions.

"PRE SILENT FRIEND, (Nineteenth Edition) a medical work on physical decay, ner-

vous debility, constitutional weakness, &c. By R. and L. Perry and Co., surgeons, London. Published by the authors, and sold at their residence; also by Strange,

21 Paternoster row; Hannay and Co., 63 Oxford street ; Sanger, 150 Oxford street; ‘Noble, 109 Chancery lane ; Gordon, 146 Leadenha!! street; Purkiss, Compton street, Soho, London.

Part 1. of this Work is addressed to those who are prevented from forming a Matrimonial Alliance, and will be found an available introduction to the means of perfect and secret restoration to manhood.

Part I1. treats upon those forms of diseases, either in their primary or secondary state, arising from infection, | how numbers, who neglect to obtain competent medical aid, entail upon themselv’s years of misery and suffering.

The CorpiaL Baum of “yrracumis a stimulant and | renovator in all spasmodic ec “plaints. Nervous debility, indigestion, asthma, and consumption, are gradually and imperceptibly removed by its use, and the whole system | restored to a healthy state of organization. Sold in bottles, price 11s and 3 Essence for removing cutaneous eruptions, scurvy, scro- fula, pimples on the face, &c. tle. Perrys Puriryine Spreciric Pius, (price 2s 9d, 4s 6d, and lis per box,) for inflammation, irritation, &e free from mercury and other deleterious drugs, and can berelied upon in every instance. Messrs Perry and Co. may be consulted at 19 Berners street, Oxford street, daily, from 11 till 2, and 5 till 8. Sundays’! 1 till 1.

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3s. The ConceNTRATED DETERSIVE |

Price 11s and 33s per bot- |

NT

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18 pciemcndilan tne oA eee CRA tie” lina Sead lone devel yng

OS Ae thames me ot adh Bed

1280

Now ready, complete in one volume, cloth, price 9s,

cC* MP aud BARRACK ROUOM; or, the BRITISH ARMY ASITIS. By a late Staff-

Sergeant of the 13th Light Infantry. Forming the new

volume of Chapman and Hall’s Series of Original Works of Fiction, Biography, and General Literature. Chap- man and Hall, 186 Strand.

THE BEST SUBSTITUTE FOR POTATOES. Just published, foolscap 8vo. sewed in a wrapper,

price Is 6d.

‘Tae INDIAN MEAL BOOK; comprising the best American receipts for the various

preparations of that excclient article. By Exiza Les- Liz, of Philadelphia, author of “ American Domestic

Cookery,” &c. &e. London : Smith, Elder, and Co., 65 Cornhill ; Dublin:

Cumming and Ferguson.

Just published, in foolscap 8vo., handsomely bound in eloth, gilt edges, price 4s

VOYAGE from TRINIDAD to ic SOUTHAMPTON, on board the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company's ship the Forth, in the month of June, 18!6. With Reflections upon the Decline of Noble Pa- tronage to the British Artsand Drama. By an OFFICER. London: J. Belichambers, 10 King William st., Strand.

FYNN’S BRITISH CONSUL’S HAND BOOK. This day, 7s 6d, neatly bound. Dedicated (by permis-

sion) to the General Shipowner’s Society,

RITISH CONSULS ABROAD; their Origin. Rank and Privileges, Duties, Jurisdic-

tion and Emoluments; including the Laws, Orders in Council, and Instructions by which they are Governed, as well as those relating to Shipowners and Merchants in their connection with Consuls. My Robert Fyywn, Esq., Barrister-at-law. London: Effingham Wilson, 11 Royal Exchange.

OMCEZOPATHY andits PRINCIPLES EXPLAINED, being Four Lectures thereon, dell-

vered at Exeter hall. By John Epps, MD. Price 3s. “TI rejoice to observe your activity in the cause ; more

especially as you appear to me, as far as I am acquainted with other writers on the subject, greatly to excel them allin the consistency and the force with which you have stated the homceopatilic theory.

“ M. B. SAMPSON.” Sold by Sherwood and Co., 23 Paternoster row.

T HE PEOPLE’S EDITION. Price 1s, by Post Is 4d.

“ This is the best work we have on Nervousness !” fessor Savage, Surgeon.

Just published, unabridged, the 5th Edition of the Rev. Dr Willis Moseley’s 12 chapters on Nervous and Mental complaints, and on two great discoveries by which thousands have been, and all may be, cured of Nervous or Mental disease with as much certainty as water quenches thirst, and insanity itself with almost equal certainty. Simpkin and Marshall, London ; if by post, apply to the Author, 18 Bloomsbury street, Bedford square,

’—Pro-

Or for Nothing. A PAMPHLET containing the original classification

of all Nervous symptoms, under five designations, Op- pression, Confusion, Delusion, Excitement, and Diminu- lion, with 46 CASES illustrative of each, and testimonials of cure. This valuable little Pamphlet will be sent te every address and franked home if ONE stamp is en. closed. Apply te, or address (post-paid) Rev. Dr Willis Moseley, 18 Bloomsbury street, Bedford square. At home, from 11 to 3.

On Wednesday next, Sept. 29, ;

ii HE WESTMINSTER REVIEW, No. XC, for October,

With Index of Nos LXXXVIII and LXXXIX.

(HE FOREIGN QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. LXXV, for October,

With Index of Nos. LX XILI and LXXIV, CONTENTS :

1. Principles of Taxation: M‘Culloch. 2. The Microscope and its Revelations. 3. Architectural Study, &c. (with Illustrations). 4. Free Trade Prospects: Repeal of the Corn Laws. 5. David Hume. 6. The Water Cure.

jz7. National Education: Dr Hook and the Dissenters. 8. Patronage: The Poor Law aad Railway Termini

Commissioners.

FOREIGN LITERATURE AND CORRESPON- DENCE :—

Tschudi’s Sketches of Peru—Quinet’s ‘ Vacances en Espagne’—Lettrow’s ‘ Vermischte Schriften’—The new ‘Revue Encyclopedique’—‘Briefe von und an Goethe’— Music in India — Intelligence from Canada, Hamburgh, France, &c. &c. CRITICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS NOTICES. Mr George Luxford, informs the public that arrange-

| ments have been made for combining in the same publication the more useful and attractive of the hitherto dis- tinctive features of the above old established Reviews. Both are now under one management, and appear with

nearly the same table of contents ; but for the convenience of subscribers desirous of completing their back sets, wih the respective Indexes, &¢., separate editions will continue to be published for the present.

1 Whitefriars street, Fleet street, London.

PORTRAITS by the AGENCY of LIGHT.—Mr BEARD, sole Patentee of the Da-

guerreotyps, has recently introduced a NEW PROCESS of COLOURING PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS, which, with other improvements, impart a more life-like and be:utiful effect than has hitherto been attained.

Hours, Nine till Six, at 85 King William street, City ; 34 Parliament street; aud the Polytechnic Institution, Regent street. “A great improvement has been effected by the pa-

tentee.”— Times, April 22. “ A character is given to the picture which makes the

portrait what we might not inaptly term a living likeness of the individual.— Economist.

THE ECONOMIST.

T° BE DISPOSED OF, in one of the principal towns in the West of England, an old

established GROCERY Concern. For particulars address to J. L., Messrs Joseph Travers and Sons, 19 St Swithin’s lane, London.

] OYAL BANK of AUSTRALIA, 2 MOORGATE STREET.

This Bank grants Letters of Credit and Bills at three or thirty days’ sight on its branches at Sydney, Port Phillip, Hobart Town, and Launceston, the terms for which may

be had on application at the Office, No. 2 Moorgate street. By order of the Board.

G. H. WRAY, Manager.

\ ERCANTILE NEGOTIATIONS.— 4 Merchants and others requiring experienced, well-qualified CLERKS, BOOK-KBEPERS, TRAVEL- LERS, &c., are invited to communicate with Mr FOS- TER, 161, Strand; who, relying on the knowledge derived from a long intercourse with ‘‘many men and cities,” feels confident that he can execute their commis- sions in an efficient and satisfactory manner. Mr Foster refers with gratified pride to many eminent firms whose clerks have been obtained through the medium of his agency.

= CAPITALISTS.—A Gentleman of property, having expended many thousand

pounds in the formation of fa manufactory within 30 miles of London, for the production of an article, under a patent, for which there is at the present time a most extensive demand, is desirous of meeting with a gentleman who has 15,000/ or 20,000/ at command, to unite with him in carrying out and extending the above undertaking, which has been and cannot fail to be attended with the most profitable results. Every information will be given to principals on application, personally, to Messrs Ellis and Son, Estate Agents, 36, Fenchurch-street.

- RANSIT FOR THE MILLION AT ONE PENNY per MILE.—The ECONOMIC

CONVEYANCE COMPANY. — Registered provision- ally.—Capital 250,000/, divided into 50,000 Shares of 5/ each. Deposit Sixpence per Share (being the largest amount allowed by Act of Parliament to be taken.) Call, on complete registration, 1/ per Share.

The object of this Company is tu provide the public with omnibus conveyance through all the great thorough- fares of the metropolis at the fare of one penny per mile, on the average, with increased accommodation for passengers at twopence per mile. These trifling fares are computed to yield a large profit to the shareholders, besides promoting the public convenience.

Prospectuses, with the names of the Directors, and

other particulars may be had on application to the So- licitors, Messrs Keddell, Baker, & Grant, 34 Lime street, of Wm. Heseltine, E~q., Stock Exchange, and 3 Shorte:’s court, Throgmorton street, or at the (emporary offices of the company, 4 Mansion house place, London.

By command of the Postmaster-General. NOTICE.

ELIVERY of LETTERS m LONDON.

General Post Office, August, 1846.

Much inconvenience having been occasioned, in some instances, owing to no person being in readiness to receive the letters from the letter carrier on his morning delivery, and in others from parties refusing to take in letters in consequence of not being prepared with the means of paying the postage, or not being properly authorised to receive them, the public are requested to provide for the reception of letters on the letter carrier going his round ; as, if there are no means of delivering the correspondence when first presented, it must be taken back to the office, to be sent out by another opportunity.

Office of Ordnance, 11th September, 1846. 991

thy Principal Officers of her Majesty’s Ordnance do hereby give notice that they are ready

to dispose of, to such persons as may be willing to tender for the same, a quantity of OLD IRON ORDNANCE and OLD SHELLS, in store, at the Royal Arsenal, at Woolwich, which have been divided into Lots, and may be viewed, upon application to the Storekeeper, at that place, any day (Sundays excepted) previous to the day fixed for the delivery of the Tenders.

A Catalogue of the several Lots may be obtained by persons willing to become purchasers, at the Store- keeper's Office, Woolwich; the Principal Storekerper's Office, at the Tower; and at the Secretary’s Office in Pall Mall, where the Tenders for the whole, or any number, of the said lots are to be delivered, on or before Mon-

day, the 28th instant. By order of the Board,

R. BYHAM, Secrelay.

FE ATHER BEDS PURIFIED BY STEAM.—HEAL and SON have just completed

the re-erecting of machinery for the Purifying of Feathers on a new principle, by which the offensive properties of the quill are evaporated and carried off in steam, thereby not only are the impurities of the feather itself entirely removed, but they are rendered quite free from the un- pleasant smeil of the stove, which all new feathers are subject to that are dressed in the ordinary way.

Old" Beds re-dressed by this process are perfectly freed from all impurities, and, by expanding the feathers, the

bulk is greatly increased, and consequently the bed rendered much softer.

The following are the present prices of new feathers :— per Ib s. d. | per lb s. d.

Mixed .....-cserereeeeee 1 0 | Best foreign grey goose 2 0 Grey Goose ... - | 4] Best Irish white goose 2 6 Foreign ditto 8 | Best Dantzic do...... 3

Heal and Son’s list of bedding, containing full particulars of weights, sizes, and prices, sent free by post on application to theirestablishment, 196 (opposite the chapel), Tottenham Court road.

eee seen EEE EEE eee ne

( Sept. 26, 1846.

OUNTY REGIST RATION VOTERS OBJECTED TO by the Protection ist party in the Counties of Middlesex, East Sussex Hert

ford, West Kent, South Hants, and South Essex will ee: ceive GRATUITOUS AID by applying at the late Anti. Corn-law League Registration Offices, East Temple chambers, 2 Whitefriars street, Fleet street. As great expenses are necessarily incurred, it is hoped that all Liberals, who are able to do so, will aid in the defence of those counties by a subscription to the funds —Subscrip. | tions received at the offices, and at the bankers, Monte Drewett and Fowler, Princes street, Bank, }

W. H. JAMES, |

TEAM to CEYLON S hI MADRAS, and CALCUTTA, ola

Egypt.—Regular Monthly MailSteam ; Conveyance for Passengers and Light

Goods.—The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company Book Passengers and Receive Goods and Par- cels for the above Ports by their Steamers, starting from Southampton the 20th, and from Suez on orabout the 10th |

ofevery month, Forrates of passage money, plans of the steamers, and to secure passages, apply at the Company's Offices, 51 St Mary Axe, London.

S TEAM to CHINA— WI Regular Monthly Steam Comma- nication for Passengers and Liyht Goods to PENANG, SINGAPORE

and HONG-KONG, via Egypt.—The Peninsular and Oriental Steain Navigation Company BOOK PASSEN. GERS to the above Ports from Southampton the 20th of every month. For particulars, apply at the Company’s Offices, 51 St Mary Axe, London, or 57 High street Southampton. F

i A USTRALIAN LINE of oh ay A PACKET SHIPS for SY DNEY > it Direct, and Kegular Traders for VAN

fen DIEMAN’S LAND, NEW ZEALAND, . &e, These splendid Ships are all of the first class, have most elegant accommodation for pas-

rengers, and engagements wil! be given for their days of sailing. Load at theLondon Docks.

_ . . | Ton- | oe ‘ee Ships and Captains, nage. Destination& Sailing

Euphrates, J. Monro...... | 650 (Sydney, 25 Sept. Soubahdar, 8. C. Umfre-

VINE scoccocccecsces 763 Sydney, 25 Oct. General Hewett, J. Hart 961

British Queen, R.C.Paige! 261 Roya! George, T. Grieves 650 Kingston, J. B. Harwood 400

Sydney, 25 Nov. Port Phillip, 20 Sept. Port Phillip, 5 (ct, Port Adelaide, 10 Oct.

For further particulars apply to the undersigned, who are constantly dispatching a succession of superior first class ships (regular traders) to each of the Australian colonies.

MARSHALL and EDRIDGE, 34 Fenchurch street, London.

] EGULAR LINE of / PACKETS between LONDON and

NEW YORK. These Ships will sai] punctually, as

follows :—

Date of Suiling from

Ships, and Caplains’ Names London.

St James, F. R. Meyer ............/21 Oct 21 Feb 21 June Northumberland, R.H.Griswold|28 28 28 Gladiator, R. L. Bunting.........| 6 Nov 6 Mar. 6 July

RUPOMED, Es TOME ccscceccrinscssene te 13 13

Switzerland, E.. Knight.......00+++/21 21 21 Mediator, J. M. Chadwick. 28 23 28 Quebec, JohnH. Wiiliams........./ 6 Dee 6April 6 Aug Victoria, E. E. Morgan ..........13 13 13 Weillington,C. Chadwick ... 21 21 Hendrik Hudson, G. Moore...... 28 28 New Ship ...... 6 May, 6 Sept New Ship ........ cosccee 13 13 Prince Albert, W.S. Sebor 21 21 Westminster, H. R. Hovey ......'28 28 28 Detroit ...... erecccersoscore cocecesce cee 6 Feb 6Jane 6 Oct Margaret Evans, E.G. Tinker... 13 13 13

Goods must be alongside and cleared two days previous to the above dates. — And will sail from Ports- mouth on the Ist, 8th, 16th, and 24th of the respective months,

The freight on all singie packages to be paid in London. The above ships average about 900 tons register, are

elegantly and commodiously fitted for passengers, to whose comfort and convenience every attention wil! be paid. They will sai) punctually on the days named,

For terms of freigit or passuge apply to the respective commanders, on board, in the St Katharine’s dock ; to

Messrs Baring, Brothers, and Co., merchants, 8 Bishops- gate street Witbin ; or to Phillipps and Tiplady, 3 George yard, Lombard street.

Agents at Portsmouth, Messrs Garratt and Gibbon. Price of Cabin Passage £25, without wine, spirits, |

or beer.

Gas" Terms or SusscrreTion For THE ECONOMIST, WEEKLY CoMMERCIAL TIMES, BANKER’S GAZETTE AND Rattway Monitor.—The Double Paper, and including Monthly Supplement, with Board of Trade Tables of Exports and Imports, and a Classification of Exports to every Market in the World:--

Quarterly Subscription .....0. %s 9d Half-yearly ...000..0s000 socssreeee 198 GA Single paper........- Severe ree cevece 9a

*,* Post office orders to be made payable to William Porter.

LONDON :—Printed and published by WILLIAM PorreR, of 71 Upper Seymour street, Euston square, parish of St Pancras, in the county of Middlesex, at the Economist office, 340 Strand, parish of St Mary-le- Strand, in the aforesaid county.—Sept. 26, 1846.

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The Economist 1846-09-26: Vol 4 Iss 161 - Wikimedia Commons

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