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Keyword(s):Central Society, Development Bank

Act 17 of 1961

The Chhattisgarh Co-Operative Societies Act, 1960

Amendments appended: 33 of 2002, 20 of 2003, 22 of 2004, 8 of 2020, 18 of 2020

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THE CHATTISGARH

CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES ACT, 1960

[No. 17 of 1961]

Received the assent of the President on 28-04-1961, the assent first

published in M.P. Gazette on 12-05-1961.

An act to organise and develop co-operatives as democratic

instruments and people’s institutions based on self help mutual aid for

curbing exploitation and ensuring socio-economic development of

people with particular emphasis on weaker sections of society.

Be it enacted by the Madhya Pradesh Legislature in the Eleventh

Year of the Republic of India as follows:-

CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

Short title, extent

and commencement.

1. (1) This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh Co-

operative Societies Act, 1960 (No. 17 of 1961).

(2) It extends to the whole of Chhattisgarh.

(3) It shall come into force on such date as the State

Government may, by notification, appoint.

Definitions. 2. In this act, unless the context otherwise, requires,-

(a) “Additional Registrar” means an Additional

Registrar of Co-operative Societies appointed

under section 3;

(a-i) “Apex Society” means a Society which has as

its members more than one Federal or Central

societies and whose principal object is to

provide facilities for operations of other

societies affiliated to it and whose area of

operation extends to the whole State of

Chhattisgarh;

(b) “Assistant Registrar” means an Assistant

Registrar of Co-operative Societies appointed

under section 3;

(b-i) “Area of operation” means the area from

which the membership is drawn or as specified

in the byelaws of the society;

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(c) “Bye-laws” means the bye-laws registered or

deemed to have been registered under this Act

and for the time being in force, and includes a

registered amendment of the bye-laws;

(c-i) “Central Society” means a District Co-

operative Agriculture and Rural Development

Bank or any other society whose area of

operation is confined to a part of the State and

which has as its object the promotion of the

objects of the member societies, and which

has at least five societies as its members;

(c-ii) “Central Co-operative Bank” means a

resource society registered or deemed to be

registered under this Act, which is either

licensed under the Banking Regulation Act,

1949 (10 of 1949) or permitted by the Reserve

Bank of India to do banking business till so

licensed, and

(i) has area of operation confined to a part of the

State; and

(ii) has as its principal object, the creation of funds

and the obtaining of credit, goods or services

for and providing credit, goods or services as

loan to Co-operative Societies affiliated to it

for agriculture, industrial and other allied

purposes;

(c-iii) “Company” means a Company as defined in

section 3 of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of

1956);

(c-iv) “Co-operative Union” means a registered

society which has as its principal object the

undertaking of co-operative education,

propaganda, training and extension of co-

operative services; (d) “Committee” means the Board of a

management by whatever name called

constituted under section 63; (d-i) “Co-operative Bank” means a State Co-

operative Bank, a Central Co-operative Bank

and a Primary Co-operative Bank, registered

or deemed to be registered under the Act;

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(e) “Co-operative Society with limited

liability” means a society having the liability

of its members limited by its bye-laws to the

amount, if any, unpaid on the shares

respectively held by them or to such amount

as they may, respectively, undertake to

contribute to the assets of the society in the

event of its being wound up;

(e-i) “Chief Executive” means an individual

appointed under section 71 and who subject to

superintendence, control and direction of the

Committee has been entrusted by the

Committee with the management of the affairs

of the co-operative;

(g) “Consumers’ Society” means a society

formed with the object of obtaining or

producing and processing and distributing

goods to or performing other services for its

members, as well as for other customers and

dividing amount its members and customers in

a proportion as may be laid down in the bye-

laws of such society, the profits accruing from

such supply, production processing and

distribution; (g-i) “delegate” means a person elected by a group

of individual members to represent them in the

general body of the society in accordance with

the bye-laws of the society;

(g-ii) “Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee

Corporation” means the Deposit Insurance

and Credit Guarantee Corporation established

under the Deposit Insurance and Credit

Guarantee Corporation Act, 1961 (No 47 of

1961); (h) “Deputy Registrar” means a Deputy Registrar

of Co-operative Societies appointed under

section 3;

(hh) “Development Bank” means a District Co-

operative Agriculture and Rural Development

Bank or the Chhattisgarh State Co-operative

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Agriculture and Rural Development Bank

registered or deemed to be registered under

this Act;

(i) “Family” means a person, his spouse, his

children, dependent on him and his other

relations dependent on him and jointly

residing with him;

(j) “Farming Society” means a registered society

formed with the object of promoting

development of land, better methods of

cultivation and promotion of new agricultural

technology, and includes a better farming

society, tenant farming society, collective

farming society, joint farming society,

irrigation society, contract farming society and

crop promotion society.

(k) “Federal Society” means a society of which

not less than fifty percent of the share capital,

excluding Government share capital is held by

societies;

(l) “Financing Bank” means a society, the

objects of which include the creation of funds

to be lent to other societies or its individual

members, and which includes a Development

Bank and the State Co-operative Bank;

(m) “General Society” means a society not falling

under any of the heads (i) to (x) specified in

sub-section (1) of section 10;

(n) “Housing Society” means a society formed

with the object of providing its members with

residential accommodation;

(n-i) “Industrial Society” means a society formed

with the objects of promoting development of

weavers, carpenters, metal workers, shoe

makers or any other Society which aims at

producing finished goods from raw materials

of any kind;

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(o) “Joint Registrar” means a Joint Registrar of

Co-operative Societies appointed under

section 3;

(p) “Liquidator” means a person appointed under

section 70;

(q) “Marketing Society” means a society formed

for the purpose of marketing agricultural or

other produce and including among its objects,

the supply of the requisites of such production;

(r) “Member” means a person joining in the

application for the registration of a society or a

person admitted to membership after

registration in accordance with this Act, the

rules and the bye-laws applicable to such

society and includes the State Government

when it subscribes to the share capital of a

society;

(s) “Multi-purpose Society” means a society

which includes amongst its objects any of the

primary objects specified in any two or more

of the clauses (g), (n), (v) and (y);

(t) “Nominal Member” means a person admitted

to membership of a society under section 20;

(t-i)

(u) “Other backward classes” means category of

persons belonging to backward classes as

notified by the State Government;

(u-i) “Primary Society” means a society which is

neither an Apex Society nor a Central Society;

(u-ii) “Primary Agriculture Credit Cooperative

Society” means a society organized with the

main objective of making credit available for

agriculture production and includes a Primary,

Service Cooperative Society and Adimjati

Sewa Sahakari Samiti;

(u-iii) “Primary Co-operative Bank” means a

resource society other than a village or urban

resource society not registered as bank, the

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objects of which include creation of funds to

be lent to, and obtaining credit to be extended

to members and which is licensed under

Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (10 of 1949) or

permitted by the Reserve Bank of India to do

banking business till so licensed;

(v) “Producers’ Society” means a society formed

with the object of producing and disposing of

goods as a collective property of its members

and includes a society formed with the object

of the collective disposal of the labour of its

members;

(w) “Processing Society” means a society formed

with the object of producing goods by

mechanical or manual process and includes an

industrial society and a society for the

processing of agricultural commodities;

(x) “Registrar” means the Registrar of Co-

operative Societies appointed under section 3;

(x-i) “Representative” means a member of the

society to represent the society in other

societies;

(x-ii) “Reserve Bank” means the Reserve Bank of

India established under the Reserve Bank of

India Act, 1934 (No. 2 of 1934):

(y) “Resource Society” means a society formed

with the object of obtaining for its members

the credit, goods or services required by them

and includes a service society and a primary

credit society;

(y-i) “Returning Officer” means an officer

appointed by the Registrar general or special

order for performing the duties of a Returning

Officer under this Act or the rules made there

under and includes an officer subordinate to

the Returning Officer nominated in writing by

him to perform the duties of Returning

Officer;

(y-ii) “Scheduled Area” means the area which has

been declared under the Scheduled Area (State

of Bihar, Gujrat, Madhya Pradesh & Orissa )

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Order, 1977;

(z) “Society” means a co-operative society

registered or deemed to be registered under the

Act;

(z-i) “Specified Office” means the office of the

President or Vice-president whatever the

designation may be;

(aa) “State Co-operative Bank” means the

Chhattisgarh State Co-operative Bank

Limited;

(bb) “Student” means a person studying in any

educational, vocational or training institution;

CHAPTER II

RIGISTRATION

Registrar and other 3. (1) (1) The State Government shall appoint a person to

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officer. be the Registrar of Co-operative Societies for the

State and may appoint one or more officers of the

following categories to assist him, namely:-

(a) Additional Registrar of Cooperative Societies;

(b) Joint Registrar of Cooperative Societies;

(c) Deputy Registrar of Cooperative Societies;

(d) Assistant Registrar of Cooperative Societies;

(e) Such other categories of officers as may be

prescribed.

(2) The officer appointed to assist the Registrar

shall, within such areas as the State

Government may specify, exercise such

powers and perform such duties conferred and

imposed on the Registrar by or under this Act,

as the State Government may, by special or

general order, direct:

Provided that no officer other than the

Additional Registrar or the Joint Registrar shall be

Directed to exercise the powers to hear appeals

under section 78

(3) The officers appointed to assist the Registrar shall be

subordinate to him and shall work under his general

guidance, supervision and control.

Societies which may

be registered.

4. Subject to the provisions of this Act, a society which

has as its objects the promotion of the economic

interest of its members or their general welfare in

accordance with co-operative principles or a society

established with the object of facilitating the

operations of such a society, may be registered under

this Act.

Registration of

societies with

limited or unlimited

liability.

5. A society may be registered with limited or

unlimited liability;

Provided that unless the State Government by

a general or special order otherwise directs, the

liability of a society of which another society is a

member shall be limited.

Conditions of

registration.

6. (1) No society, other than a society of which another

society is a member, shall be registered under this

Act unless it consists of at least twenty persons

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competent to contract under section 11 of the Indian

Contract Act, 1872( 9 of 1872) and belonging to

twenty different families, not being near relations

and, where the objects of the society include the

creation of funds to be lent to its members, unless

such persons, save where the Registrar by general or

special order otherwise directs, reside in the same

town or village or in a compact group of villages.

Provided that a society formed exclusively for

the benefit of students may be registered,

notwithstanding that the members of such society

may not have attained the age of majority according

to the law to which they are subject:

Provided further that the Registrar may relax

the condition of minimum membership to that

society which is organized for the welfare of the

employees of any organization / establishment.

Provided also that in case of a primary

society, there shall be atleast 33 per cent, women

members at the time of registration:

Provided also that the Registrar may, for

sufficient reasons, relax the conditions of the

prescribed percentage of women members,

(2) The word “limited” or its equivalent in any Indian

language shall be the last word in the name of every

society registered with limited liability under this

Act.

Application for

registration.

7. (1) For purposes of registration, an application to

register a society shall be made to the Registrar in

the prescribed form and shall be accompanied by

four copies of the proposed bye-laws of the society.

The person by whom or on whose behalf such

application is made, shall furnish such information

in regard to the society, as the Registrar may require.

(2) (2) The application shall be signed,-

(a) in the case of a society of which no other

society is a member, by at least ten persons

qualified in accordance with the requirements

of section 6: and

(b) in the case of a society of which a member is

a registered society, by a duly authorized

person on behalf of every such registered

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society and where all the members of the

society are not registered societies, by ten

other members, or when there are less than

ten other members, by all of them.

Power of Registrar

to decide certain

questions.

8. Where in connection with the formation, registration

or continuance of a society or the admission of a

person as a member of a society any question arises

whether a person is an agriculturist or not or whether

any person resides in a particular area or not or

whether any person belongs to any particular class

or occupation or not or such other question

pertaining to the eligibility of any person to become

a member of a society, such question shall be

decided by the Registrar and his decision shall be

final.

Registration. 9. (1) If the Registrar is satisfied that a society has

complied with the provisions of this Act and the

rules and that its proposed bye-laws are not contrary

to this Act or the rules, he may register the society

and its bye-laws with such modifications as he may

consider necessary:

Provided that no society shall be registered, if

in the opinion of the Registrar, it is likely to be

economically unsound or is likely to have an adverse

effect upon any other society.

(2) Where the Registrar refuses to register a society or

its bye-laws he shall communicate the order or

refusal together with reasons therefor to the first

signatory to the application.

(3) The Registrar shall take a decision within ninety

days from the date of receipt of an application for

registration of a society:

Provided that where there is a failure on the

part of the Registrar to dispose of such application

within the period aforesaid the Registrar shall within

the period of fifteen days form the date of expiration

of that period, refer the application to the next higher

officer and where the Registrar himself is the

Registering officer to the State Government, who or

which, as the case may be, shall dispose of the

applications within two months from the date of its

receipt and on the failure of such higher officer or

State Government, as the case may be, to dispose of

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the application within that period, the society and its

bye laws shall be deemed to have been registered.

(4) The Registrar shall maintain register of societies

registered or deemed to be registered under this Act.

Classification of

Societies.

10. (1) The Registrar shall classify all societies under one or

more of the following heads, namely :-

(i) Consumers’ Society;

(ii) Farming Society;

(iii) Federal Society;

(iv) Central Society;

(v) Housing Society;

(vi) Marketing Society;

(vii) Multipurpose Society;

(viii) Producers’ Society;

(ix) Processing Society;

(x) Resource Society;

(xi) General Society.

(xii) Industrial Society;

Provided that a society formed with the object

of facilitating the operations of any particular class

of societies shall be classified as a society of that

class

(1-a) The Registrar may further classify the societies

falling under any of the heads specified in sub-

section (1) under the following heads, namely:-

(a) Apex Society

(b) Central Society

(c) Primary Society

(2) The Registrar for reasons to be recorded in writing

may alter the classification of any society from one

head to another.

(3) The decision of the Registrar in respect of

classification of societies shall be final.

Amendment of

bye-laws of society.

11. (1) No amendment of the bye-laws of a society shall be

valid until the same has been registered under this

Act, for which purpose four copies of the proposed

amendment shall be forwarded in the prescribed

manner to the Registrar.

(2) If the Registrar is satisfied that the proposed

amendment is not contrary to the Act or the rules

and is not against the aims and objects of the Society

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or any of the existing bye-laws he may register the

amendment.

(3) The Registrar shall not refuse to register an

amendment of the bye-laws without giving an

opportunity to the applicant society, for being heard.

If he decides to refuse to register an amendment, he

shall communicate the order of refusal together with

reasons therefore to the society within forty-five

days from the date of receipt of the proposal:

Provided that, where there is a failure on the

part of the Registrar to dispose of such application

within the period aforesaid, the Registrar shall,

within a period of fifteen days from the date of

expiration of that period, refer the application to the

next higher officer and where the Registrar himself

is the registering officer, to the state Government,

who or which, as the case may be, shall dispose of

the application within two months from the date of

its receipt and on the failure of such higher officer or

the State Government, as the case may be, to dispose

of the application within that period, the amendment

of the byelaws shall be deemed to have been

registered.

Power to direct

amendment of

bye-laws.

12. (1) Not-withstanding anything contained in this Act, or

the rules or byelaws, on the request of more than

fifty per cent of the members of the society or if the

Registrar considers that an amendment of the

byelaws of society is necessary or desirable in the

interest of such society, he may, by an order in

writing to be served on the society in the prescribed

manner, require the society to make the amendment

within sixty days.

(2) If the society fails to make the amendment within

the time specified by the Registrar, the Registrar

may after giving the society an opportunity of being

heard and after soliciting the opinion of such Apex

Federal Society, as may be notified by the State

Government, register such amendment and issue a

certified copy there of to such society:

Provided that the provisions of this section

shall not apply in the case of Urban Co-operative

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Banks.

Change of name. 13. A society may, by an amendment of its bye-laws,

change its name, but such change shall not affect

any right or obligation of the society, or of any of its

members, or past members, or deceased members, or

render defective any legal proceedings by or against

the society, and any legal proceedings which might

have been continued or commenced by or against

the society by its new name.

Certain certificates

to be conclusive

evidence.

14. (1) Where a society is registered or deemed to be

registered under this Act, the Registrar shall issue a

certificate of registration signed by him and such

certificate shall be conclusive evidence that the

society therein mentioned has been duly registered

unless it is proved that the registration of the society

has been subsequently cancelled:

Provided that where a society is deemed to be

registered under this Act, the Registrar shall issue a

certificate of registration within sixty days from the

date on which it was deemed to be registered.

(2) No society shall commence business unless it has

obtained a certificate of registration under sub-

section (1) and every member of such society

carrying on business in contravention of this sub-

section shall be severally liable for all liabilities

incurred in such business.

(3) When the Registrar registers an amendment of the

bye-laws of a society under section 11 or section 12

he shall issue to the society a copy of the

amendment registered by him, which shall be

conclusive evidence that the same is duly registered.

(4) Where a society changes its name under section 13,

the Registrar shall amend the certificate of

registration accordingly, which shall be conclusive

evidence that the change of name is duly registered.

Change of liability

of society from

limited to unlimited

or vice-versa.

15. (1) Subject to the provisions of section 11, a society

may by an amendment of its bye-laws change its

liability from limited to unlimited or from unlimited

to limited.

(2) No such amendment shall be registered by the

Registrar unless he is satisfied that,-

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(i) Twenty-one day’s notice has been given to

every member of the society and to any

person or class of persons whose interest

may, in the opinion of the Registrar, be

affected by the change; and

(ii) With respect to every such member or person

who, in the opinion of the Registrar, is

entitled to notice,-

(a) either his assent has been obtained to

the change or is deemed to have been

obtained by virtue of his failure to

object within twenty one days from the

date of the notice,

(b) if he objects;

(i) he is allowed to withdraw his

share if he is a member, or

(ii) that his debt or claim has been

discharged or has been

determined or has been secured

to the satisfaction of the

Registrar within three month

from the date of receipt of

objection if he is a creditor:

Provided that the Registrar may in the case of

any person or class of persons, for special reasons, to

be recorded, dispense with the notice required by

this sub-section.

Reorganization of

Societies.

16. (1) In this section,-

(a) “affected society” means a society

which decides to reorganize itself in any

of the manners specified in sub-section

(2); and

(b) “resulting society” means a society ,–

(i) which is formed as a result of

amalgamation under clause (i) of

sub-section (2) or

(ii) to which the assets and liabilities of

the affected societies are

transferred in whole or in part

under clause (ii) sub-section (2); or

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(iii) which is formed as a result of

division under clause (iii) of sub-

section (2); or

(iv) which is the result of change of

class as provided in clause (iv) of

sub-section (2).

(2) A society may, by resolution passed by two-thirds

majority of the members present and voting at a

special general meeting held for the purpose, decide

to reorganize itself by-

(i) amalgamating itself with another society; or

(ii) transferring its assets and liabilities in

whole or in part to any other society; or

(iii) dividing itself into two or more societies; or

(iv) converting itself into a class of society, the

object of which is materially different from

that under which it has been classified

under the Act:

Provided that no such decisions shall take

effect unless it is approved by the Registrar;

Provided further than in case of a Co-

operative Bank, the Registrar shall not give his

approval save with the previous sanction in writing

of the Reserve Bank;

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section

(2) where the Registrar is satisfied that it is essential

in the public interest or in the interest of the

members of the affected societies or necessary to

secure the proper management of any society, he

may direct that any society or societies shall

reorganize itself or themselves in any one or more of

the modes indicated in sub-section (2):

Provided that, in the case of a Co-operative

Bank, the Registrar shall not issue any direction save

with the previous sanction in writing of the Reserve

Bank;

Provided further that before a final order

under this sub-section is passed by the Registrar

every society concerned shall be given an

opportunity of expressing its opinion on the

reorganization proposals. (4) The procedure for reorganization of a society in

accordance with the decision under sub-section (2)

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or the direction of the Registrar under sub-section

(3), as the case may be, shall be such as may be

prescribed.

(5) If any such reorganization under sub-section (2) or

(3) is likely to affect in any manner the interest of

any person, notice thereof shall be given to all such

persons and every such person shall be given an

option, to be exercised within a month from the date

of the issue of such notice, of either becoming a

member of the resulting society or societies or of

demanding the payment of the share or interest or

dues in respect of the affected society, as the case

may be.

(6) No reorganization shall be final until the assent of

every such person whose interest is likely to be

affected, has been obtained or deemed to have been

obtained by virtue of his failure to exercise the

option given to him, and further, unless all the

claims of persons who have exercised the option of

demanding the payment of their shares or interests

or dues under sub-section (5) have been met in full.

(7) Every resulting society under this section shall have

such constitution, property, powers, rights, interests,

authorities, duties and obligations as may be

specified in the scheme of reorganization and every

such scheme of reorganization may contain such

consequential, incidental and supplemental

provisions as may, in the opinion of the Registrar, be

necessary to give effect to such scheme.

(8) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Transfer

of Property Act, 1882 (4 of 1882) or the Indian

Registration Act, 1908 (16 of 1908), a resolution of

a society approved by the Registrar under sub-

section (3) shall be sufficient conveyance to vest the

assets and liabilities of each affected society in the

resulting society or societies concerned, such vesting

being subject only to the provisions of the scheme of

reorganization.

(9) The reorganization of societies shall not in any

manner, whatsoever affect any right or obligation of

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the resulting society or societies or render defective

any legal proceedings by or against the society or

societies and any legal proceedings that might have

been continued or commenced by or against the

society or the societies, as the case may be, before

the reorganization may be continued or commenced

by or against the resulting society or societies.

(10) Where any two or more societies have been

amalgamated or a society has been divided or

converted, the registration of such society or

societies shall be deemed to have been cancelled on

the date of registration of the amalgamated society

or of the converted society or of the new societies

into which the society may have been divided.

(11) Where a development bank has been reorganized by

amalgamation with a central bank, the amalgamated

bank shall in respect of all transactions relating to

the development bank business made on and after

such amalgamation be deemed to be a development

bank within the meaning of the law relating to

development bank for the time being in force.

Explanation.- For the purposes of this

section “Central Bank” means a society with the

words “Central Bank” or “District Bank” as part of

its name and whose main object is to finance

societies which are members of it and lie within a

specified area.

(12) Every scheme of such reorganisation shall be

published in the official Gazette for general

information.

Collaboration by

Societies.

16-A. Any society may, enter into the collaboration with

any Government Undertaking or any undertaking

approved by the State Government for carrying on

any specific business including industrial

investment, financial aid or marketing and

management expertise.

Partnership of

Societies.

16-B Any two or more societies may by resolution passed

at general meeting by a majority of members present

and voting in each such society enter into a contract

of a partnership for carrying out any specific

business permissible under the byelaws on such

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terms and conditions as may be mutually agreed

upon. Where such partnership requires creation of a

new organization, the participating society shall be

its members.

Government’s

power to make

scheme of

reorganization in

the public interest.

16-C (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or

the Rules made thereunder, if the State Government,

on receipt of a report from the Registrar or

otherwise, is satisfied that in the public interest it is

necessary to reorganize any society or societies for

the purpose of securing proper implementation of

development programmes, the State Government, as

it may deem necessary, may make such scheme of

reorganisation and issue orders to implement above

scheme:

Provided that in case of a Co-operative Bank,

prior sanction in writing of the Reserve Bank shall

be necessary.

(2) There shall be the provisions in scheme of

reorganisation regarding :-

(a) Method of reorganization;

(b) Procedure for reorganization;

(c)Membership, registration, management, assets

and liabilities, powers, rights, interests, duties,

staff and conditions of employment of such

society or societies which are made after

reorganisation ;

(d) Such other consequential, incidental and

supplementary provisions as may be necessary;

(e) Any other subject as may be deemed necessary

by the State Government.

(3) The State Government may modify or cancel any

reorganisation scheme made under sub-section (1).

(4) The provisions regarding every reorganisation

scheme and the orders issued by the State

Government shall be binding upon the interested

parties.

(5) Every scheme of such reorganisation shall be

published in the official Gazette for general

information.

Compromise or

arrangement for

17. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, or

the rules made thereunder where a compromise or

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repayment of

liabilities and

reconstruction of

societies.

arrangement is proposed between.-

(a) a society and its creditors or any class of

them, and

(b) a society and its members, the Registrar may

on the application of the society or of any

member or of any creditor of the society or,

in the case of a society which is being wound

up by the liquidator, order a meeting of the

members, or creditors or both, as the case

may be, to be called, held and conducted in

such manner as may be prescribed:

Provided that the Registrar may, on his own

motion, order such a meeting to be called for the

purpose of affecting a compromise or arrangement.

(2) If a majority in number representing three-fourths of

the members or three-fourths of the total amount of

valuation due to creditors, as the case may be,

present and voting in person at the meeting agree to

any compromise or arrangement the compromise or

arrangement shall, if confirmed by the Registrar, be

binding on all members or all the creditors, as the

case may be, and also on the society, or in the case

of a society which is being wound up, on the

liquidator;

Provided that the Registrar shall not confirm

a compromise or arrangement unless he is satisfied

that all the members or creditors, as the case may be,

whose interests are affected by such compromise or

arrangements, had notice of such meeting;

Provided further that in case of Co-operative

Bank the Registrar shall not confirm the

compromise, or arrangement, save with the previous

sanction in writing of the Reserve Bank.

(3) When an order canceling a meeting is passed under

sub-section (1) or the proviso thereof for considering

any compromise or arrangement between a society

and its creditors or any class of them, the Registrar

may give notice of such order to a Civil Court in

which proceedings, whether instituted before or after

the order, in respect of any liability of the society

due to a creditor to whom a copy of the order is

- 20 -

posted, are pending and on receipt of such notice the

Civil Court shall stay the proceedings, If no such

compromise of arrangement is confirmed under sub-

section(2) the Registrar shall inform the Civil Court

accordingly and the proceedings which may have

been stayed, shall be resumed.

(4) If a compromise or arrangement between a society

and its creditors or any class of them is confirmed

under sub-section (2) the proceedings, if any, stayed

under sub-section (3) shall abate and no proceedings

shall lie in a Civil Court in respect of any liability of

the society to which the compromise or arrangement

relates.

(5) The Registrar may, with the previous approval of the

State Government, exempt any class of creditors

from the operation of this section or any provisions

thereof. (6) A compromise or arrangement confirmed by the

Registrar shall not be called in question in any Civil

Court.

(7) If a creditor in respect of whom a compromise or

arrangement has been confirmed by the Registrar

under sub-section (2), fails to receive the amount

payable to him under such compromise or

arrangement after due notice to do so within the

period specified in such notice, the society or the

liquidator, as the case may be, shall deposit the

amount in such manner as may be directed by the

Registrar. On the making of such deposit the amount

payable to the creditor under the compromise or

arrangement shall be deemed to have been paid to

the extent of the deposit. (8) A compromise or an arrangement between a society

and its creditors or any class of them confirmed by

the Registrar under sub-section (2) shall cease to be

in force as soon as the whole amount of the liability

determined thereunder has been or is deemed to

have been paid whether under the provisions of this

section or otherwise notwithstanding that the period

originally stipulated for the discharge of such

liability has not expired.

(9) After such compromise or arrangement has ceased to

be in force no further claim shall remain against the

- 21 -

society, or against any property, movable or

immovable which it may acquire thereafter, in

respect of the liability which had been the subject of

the compromise or arrangement, and the society

shall be free to conduct its normal business.

Action and liability

of Banks under

moratorium.

17-A Where an order of moratorium has been made by the

Central Government under sub-section (2) of section

45 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (No. 10 of

1949) in respect of Co-operative Bank, the Registrar

with the previous approval of the Reserve Bank in

writing may, during the period of moratorium,

prepare a scheme,-

(i) for the reconstruction or re-organisation of

the Co-operative Bank; or

(ii) for the amalgamation of the Co-operative

Bank with any other Bank.

Liability of new

Bank to repay to the

Deposit Insurance

Corporation.

17-B Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act,

where a Co-operative Bank being an insured bank

within the meaning of the Deposit Insurance

Corporation Act, 1961 (No.47 of 1961) is

amalgamated or in respect of which a scheme of

compromise or arrangement or of reconstruction or

reorganisation has been sanctioned and the Deposit

Insurance Corporation has become liable to pay to

the depositors of the insured bank under sub-section

(2) of section 16 of that Act, the bank with which

such insured bank is amalgamated or the new Co-

operative bank formed after such amalgamation or,

as the case may be, the insured bank or transferee

bank shall be under an obligation to repay to the

Deposit Insurance Corporation in the circumstances,

to the extent and in the manner referred to in section

21 of the Deposit Insurance Corporation Act, 1961

(No. 47 of 1961)

Cancellation of

registration.

18 (1) The Registrar shall make an order cancelling the

registration of a society if it transfers the whole of its

assets and liabilities to another society, or

amalgamates with another society, or divides itself

into two or more societies or it is de-registered under

the provisions of sub-section (1) of section 24 or it is

wound up under section 102. The society shall, from

the date of such order of cancellation, be deemed to

be dissolved and shall cease to exist as a corporate

- 22 -

body.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act if

any proceedings relating to the winding up or

dissolution of a society are pending immediately

before the commencement of this Act, such

proceedings shall after such commencement be

disposed of in accordance with the provisions of the

law under which such society was registered or

deemed to be registered.

De-registration of

societies.

18-A (1) If the Registrar is satisfied that any society is

registered on misrepresentation made by applicants,

or where the work of the society is completed or the

purposes for which the society has been registered

are not served, he may, after giving an opportunity

of being heard to the committee, de-register the

society.

(2) When a society is de-registered under the provisions

of sub-section (1), the Registrar may,

notwithstanding anything contained in this Act,

make such incidental and consequential order

including appointment of official assignee as the

circumstances may require.

(3) Subject to the rules made under this Act, the official

assignee shall realize the assets and liquidate the

liabilities within a period of one year from the date

he takes over the charge of property, assets, books,

records and other documents. The period aforesaid

may, at the discretion of the Registrar, be extended

from time to time, so however, that the total period

does not exceed three years in the aggregate. (4) The official assignee shall be paid such

remuneration and allowances as may be prescribed.

(5) The powers of the Registrar under sub-section (1)

and (2) shall not be exercised by any officer below

the rank of a Joint Registrar of Co-operative

Societies.

CHAPTER III

MEMBERS, THEIR RIGHTS, LIABILITIES AND PRIVILEGES

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Persons who may

become members.

19 (1) No persons shall be admitted as a member of a

society except the following, namely:-

(a) an individual competent to contract under

section 11 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872

(No. 9 of 1872);

(b) any other society;

(c) a public trust registered under the Chhattisgarh

Public Trusts Act, 1951 (No. 30 of 1951);

(d) a firm, company or any other body corporate,

not having minors as partners or directors,

registered established or constituted, as the

case may be, under any law for the time being

in force;

(e) a society registered under the Chhattisgarh

Societies Registration Act, 1959 (No. 1 of

1960), as may be approved by the State

Government in this behalf by general or

special order;

(f) the State Government:

Provided that the provisions of clause (a)

shall not apply to,–

(i) an individual seeking admission to a

society exclusively formed for the benefit

of students;

(ii) a minor acting through a guardian

appointed by the Court.

(2) Notwithstanding anything to contrary in this Act or

rules or in the byelaws of a society, where the State

Government has contributed to the share capital of a

society, the liability of the State Government shall

be limited to the face value of the shares held by it.

(2-A) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or

rules made there under or in the byelaws of a

resource society or consumers society, as the case

may be, if any person duly qualified for admission

as a member under the provisions of this Act and the

byelaws of that Society makes an application for

membership of such Society he shall be deemed to

have been admitted as a member of such Society

from the date of receipt of the application in the

office thereof;

Provided that the Registrar may, either on

his own motion at any time or on an application by

- 24 -

the society or any aggrieved person made within

fifteen days from the aforesaid date and after giving

reasonable opportunity to the society or person

concerned by order, declare such person as not

eligible for membership of such society for the

reasons mentioned therein, within forty five days

from the date of receipt of application by the

Registrar.

(3) Where a student, who is not competent to contract

under section 11 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 ( 9

of 1872), desires to become a member of a society

formed exclusively for the benefit of students, his

application for the registration of a society or his

application for membership shall be accompanied by

a written undertaking from his guardian or other

person competent to contract under section 11 of the

said Act in the prescribed form, in respect of the

liability of the student as a member.

(4) Where a person is refused admission as a member in

a society, the decision refusing admission shall be

communicated by the society to that person within

thirty days of the date of such decision.

(5) No society shall, without sufficient cause, refuse

admission to membership to any person, duly

qualified there for under the provisions of this Act

and the byelaws of the society.

(6) Any person aggrieved under sub-section (4) or sub-

section (5) may appeal to the Registrar within ninety

days of the date of rejection.

(7) The decision of the Registrar in appeal shall be final

and the Registrar shall communicate his decision to

the parties within thirty days from the date thereof.

Disqualifications of

member.

19-A No person shall be eligible for admission as member

and any member shall cease to be a member of a

society, if –

(a) he is an applicant to be adjudicated or is an un-

discharged insolvent;

(b) he has been sentenced for an offence involving

moral turpitude and a period of five years has

not elapsed from the date of expiry of

sentence;

(bb) he has been sentenced for an offence under

the provisions of the Protection of Civil Rights

- 25 -

Act, 1955 (No. 22 of 1955) and a period of six

years has not elapsed from the date of expiry

of sentence;

(c) he or any member of his family, having

common interest with him, carries on business

similar to one carried on by the society:

Provided that the provisions of clause (b)

shall not apply to a person seeking admission as

member of a society exclusively formed or to be

formed for the reclamation of Vimukta Jatis.

(d) If he is disqualified under section 48-A of the

Act:

(e) if he is a person who has been dismissed from

the service of any co-operative institution or

Government service.

(f) In case of a Primary Agriculture Credit Co-

operative Society, he is not a Bhumiswami,

occupancy tenant or a Government lessee

holding agricultural land;

Explanation.- For the purposes of this sub-section-

(i) “Vimukta Jatis” means such tribes as the

State Government may, from time to time, by

general or special order, declare as Vimukta

Jatis for the purpose of this sub-section;

(ii) the business carried on by a trader including

that of money lending shall be deemed to be

similar to the business carried on by a

marketing society.

Disqualification for

membership of

committee and for

representation.

19-

AA

No Person shall be eligible for election as a member

of the committee of a society and shall cease to hold

his office as such if he suffers from such

disqualification as may be prescribed. No society

shall elect any member as its representative to the

committee of any other society or to represent the

society in other society, if he suffers from such

disqualification, as may be prescribed:

Provide that, if a member suffers from any

of the disqualification prescribed under this section-

Effect of subsequent

disabilities.

19-B If any person having been admitted as a member of a

society subsequently becomes subject to any of the

- 26 -

disqualifications specified in section 19-A such

person shall cease to be a member of the society and

the Registrar shall declare his seat to be vacant.

Expulsion of

members.

19-C (1) The committee may, by a resolution passed by

three-fourth majority of the members present and

voting at a meeting held for the purposes, expel a

member if he,-

(a) intentionally does any act likely to injure the

credit of the society or bring it to disrepute ;

or

(b) wilfully deceives the society by false

statements; or

(c) carries on any business which comes or is

likely to come into conflict with the business

carried on by the society; or

(d) persistently makes default in payment of his

dues or fails to comply with any provisions of

the bye-laws;

Provided that no such resolution shall be

valid unless the member concerned has been given

seven day’s notice, either personally or by registered

post, of the proposal to expel him and has been

given an opportunity to represent his case to the

committee.

(1-A) Any person aggrieved by the resolution of the

Committee under sub-section (1) may appeal before

the Registrar within 30 days of the communication

of such resolution.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Act, or

rules or bye-laws made there under, where it appears

to the Registrar that it is necessary and desirable in

the interest of the society to expel a member from

the society for his indulging in any of the activities

specified in sub-section (1), he may call upon such

member and the society, to explain within a period

to be specified by him, why such member should not

be expelled from the society. If the member or

society fails to submits his or its explanation, within

the specified period or after considering the

explanation, if received, the Registrar may pass an

order expelling a member from the society

(3) No person who has been expelled shall be eligible

for re-admission as a member of the co-operative for

- 27 -

a period of one year from the date of such expulsion.

(4) Expulsion of a member from a society may involve

forfeiture of shares held by the member in such

society.

Nominal members. 20 Notwithstanding anything contained in section 19, a

society may admit any person as a nominal member

who shall have no share either in the management or

profits of a society and shall not be subject to any

contributory liability in the case of winding up the

society.

No rights of

membership to be

exercised till due

payments are made.

21 No member shall exercise the rights of a member

unless he has made such payment to the society in

respect of membership or acquired such interest in

the society as may be prescribed or as may be

specified in the bye-laws of such society.

Votes of members. 22 (1) Every member of the society shall have one vote in

the affairs of the society.

(2) (a) The voting right of federal society shall be so

regulated that the members, which are

societies, do not have less than four-fifths of

the total number of votes in the general

meeting of such society.

(b) In case of federal society the voting rights of

individual members (which term shall include

public trust, firm, company or body corporate,

society registered under the Chhattisgarh

Society Registrikaran Adhiniyam, 1973 (No 44

of 1973), and State Government but shall not

include a co-operative society) shall be

regulated in such manner as may be prescribed.

(3) every affiliated co-operative society through its

properly authorised representative and every

delegate referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (2)

shall have one vote in the general meeting.

(4) The quorum for the meeting shall, unless otherwise

provided in the byelaws of a society, be one-fifth of

the total number of delegates and representatives of

the societies:

Provided that the delegates shall not at any

time in the meeting exceed one-fifth of the member

representatives of the societies.

(5) The elections of delegates shall be held in

accordance with the provisions prescribed for

- 28 -

election of the members of the committee.

(6) Any vacancy of a delegate caused on account of

cessation of membership or otherwise, shall be filled

in by delegates by co-opting one of the individual

members of the group to which the vacancy relates.

(7) unless otherwise directed by the Registrar in respect

of any particular society the delegates on the

committee shall not at any time exceed one-third of

the number of representatives of societies(fractions

being neglected)

(8) In the case of equality of votes the Chairman shall

have a second or casting vote.

Manner of

exercising vote.

23. (1) Every member of a society shall exercise his vote in

person and no member shall be permitted to vote by

proxy:

Provided that subject to any rules made

under this Act,-

(i) (a) a society which is a member of another

society may appoint one of its members as

a representative to vote on its behalf,

(b) a group of individual members formed by

the society in accordance with its bye-

laws may elect one of the members in the

group as a delegate to vote on their behalf.

(ii) the State Government may nominate one of

its officers as its representative, to vote or

otherwise participate in its behalf in the

affairs of the society of which such society or

the State Government is a member;

(iii) a public trust which is a member of a society

may appoint, in writing, any one of its

trustees to vote on its behalf;

(iv) a firm which is a member of a society may

appoint, in writing, any one of it major

partners to vote on its behalf; and

(v) a company or any other body corporate which

is a member of a society may appoint in

writing, any of its directors or officers to vote

on its behalf.

(2) Where a share is held jointly by more than one

person and if,-

(i) in respect of such share a share certificate is

- 29 -

issued by the society, the person whose name

stands first in such share certificate; and

(ii) in respect of such share no share certificate is

issued by the society, the person whose name

stands first in the register of members

maintained by such society;

shall have the right to vote.

Restriction on

holding of share

capital by a member

24 In any society, no member, other than the State

Government or any other society, shall,-

(a) hold more than such portion of the total

share capital of the society not exceeding

one-fifth thereof as may be prescribed; or

(b) have or claim any interest in the shares of

the society exceeding twenty thousand

rupees;

Provided that the State Government may,

by notification, specify in respect of any class of

societies a maximum exceeding one-fifth of the

share capital or twenty thousand rupees, as the case

may be.

Restrictions on

transfer of shares or

interest.

25 (1) The transfer of a share or interest of a member in the

share capital of a society shall be subject to the

restrictions as to the maximum holdings specified in

section 24.

(2) No transfer by a member of his share or interest in a

society shall be valid unless,–

(a) the member has held such share or interest

for not less than one year;

(b) the transfer is made to the society or to a

member of the society; and

(c) the transfer is approved by the committee.

Transfer of interest

on death of member.

26 (1) On the death of a member, a society may transfer the

share or interest of the deceased member to the

person nominated in accordance with the rules made

in this behalf, or, if there is no person so nominated,

to such person as may appear to the Committee to be

the heir or legal representative of the deceased

member, or pay to such nominee, heir or legal

representative, as the case may be, a sum

representing the value of such member’s interest, as

ascertained in accordance with rules or bye-laws. (2) A society may pay all other moneys due to the

- 30 -

deceased member from the society to such nominee,

heir or legal representative, as the case may be.

(3) All transfers and payments made by a society in

accordance with the provisions of this section shall

be valid and effectual against any demand made

upon the society by any other person.

Share or deposit or

interest not liable to

attachments.

27 Subject to the provisions of section 39 the share or

interest or deposit of a member in the capital or

working capital of society or in the loan stock issued

by a housing society or in the funds raised by a

society from its members by way of savings deposit

or by compulsory deductions made by it from wages

or in the form of surcharge on the value of sale or

supply of goods to members, shall not be liable to

attachment or sale under any decree or order of a

court for or in respect of any debt or liability

incurred by the members or past members and

accordingly neither a Receiver under the Provincial

Insolvency Act, 1920 (No. 5 of 1920), nor any such

person or authority under any corresponding law for

the time being in force shall be entitled to , or have

any claim on such share or interest or deposit.

Rights of members

to see books, etc.

28 (1) Every society shall keep open to inspection for its

members free of any charge, at all reasonable times

at the registered address of society,-

(a) a copy of this Act;

(b) a copy of the rules;

(c) a copy of the bye-laws of the society;

(d) a register of members,-

(e) the last audited annual balance sheet, the profit

and loss account; and

(f) the minutes of the general meetings.

(2) All registers and record of a society except books

and other documents relating to accounts other than

one’s own shall be open to inspection in the office of

the society by any member of such society on

payment of such fee as may be specified in the bye-

laws.

(3) Subject to such conditions and on payment of such

- 31 -

fees as may be specified in the bye-laws, the society

shall, on an application made by any member thereof

grant him a certified copy of such records or

registers or extracts thereof.

Liability of a past

member or estate of

deceased member.

29 (1) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), the

liability of a past member or of the estate of a

deceased member of a society for the debts of the

society as they stood:-

(a) in case of a past member, on the date on

which he ceased to be a member, and

(b) in case of a deceased member, on the date of

his death;

shall continue for a period of two years from such

date.

(2) Where a society is ordered to be wound up under

any provisions of this Act, the liability of a past

member or of the estate of a deceased member who

ceased to be a member or died, within two years

immediately preceding the date of the order for

winding up shall continue until the entire liquidation

proceedings are completed; but such liability shall

extend only to the debts of the society as they stood

on the date of his ceasing to be a member or of his

death as the case may be.

Insolvency of

members.

30 Notwithstanding anything contained in the

Provincial Insolvency Act, 1920 (5 of 1920), in an

insolvency proceeding against a member of a

society, the dues of the society shall have priority

over all other dues except those payable to

Government.

CHAPTER IV

- 32 -

DUTIES, PRIVILEGES, PROPERTYAND FUNDS OF SOCIETIES

Societies to be body

corporate.

31 The registration of a society shall render it a body

corporate by the name under which it is registered,

having perpetual succession and a common seal, and

with power to hold property, enter into contracts,

institute and defend suits and other legal proceedings

and to do all things necessary for the purposes for

which it was constituted.

Address of society

and display of name.

32 (1) Every society shall have an address registered in

accordance with the rules to which all notices and

communications may be sent, and shall send a notice

in writing to the Registrar of any change therein

within thirty days of the change.

(2) Every society shall display its name and the address

of its registered office and the words “Registered

Under Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act,

1960” in legible characters in conspicuous position-

(a) at every office or place at which it carries on

business;

(b) in all notices and other official publications;

(c) on all its contracts, business letter, orders for

goods, invoices, statements of account,

receipts and letters of credit; and

(d) on all bills of exchange, promissory notes,

endorsements, cheques and orders for money

it signs or that are signed on its behalf. (3) The name of every society shall contain the words

“Co-operative” and “limited” or their equivalent in

official language of the State.

Register of members 33 (1) Every society shall keep a register of its members

and enter therein the following particulars, namely:-

(a) the name, address and occupation of each

member;

(b) the share held by each member in the case of a

society having share capital;

(c) the date on which each person was admitted as

a member;

(d) the date on which any person ceased to be a

member; and

(e) such other particulars as may be prescribed:

Provided that, where a society has under this

- 33 -

Act, permitted a member to transfer his share or

interest on death, to any person, the register shall

also show against the member concerned the name

of the person entitled to the share or interest of the

member and the date on which the nomination was

recorded.

(2) The register shall be prima facie evidence of the date

on which any person was admitted to the society as a

member and of the date on which he ceased to be

member.

Proof of entries in

society’s books.

34

(1) A copy of any entry in the book of a society

regularly kept in the course of its business, shall, if

certified in such manner as may be prescribed, be

received, in any suit or legal proceedings or for any

other purposes as prima facie evidence of such entry

and shall be admissible in evidence in respect of the

matter, transactions and accounts therein recorded in

the same manner and to the same extent as the

original entry.

(2) Copies given by a society of any document obtained

and kept by it in the course of its business or any

entries in such document shall, if certified in the

prescribed manner, be admissible in evidence in any

suit or legal proceedings or for any other purpose in

the same manner and to the same extent as the

original document, or the entries therein, as the case

may be.

(3) No officer of a society and no officer, in whose

office the books of a society are deposited after

liquidation shall, in any legal proceedings to which

the society or the liquidator is not a party, be

compelled to produce any of the society’s books or

documents, the contents of which can be proved

under this section or to appear as a witness to prove

the matters, transactions and accounts therein

recorded, except under order of the court, or the

arbitrator, made for special cause.

Societies to give pass

book to members.

34-A (1) A society which gives loans to its members or a

society or class of societies which the State

Government may notify in the official Gazettee,

from time to time, shall furnish to each member a

pass book, which shall contain an account of the

transactions with the member, such as, the date of

- 34 -

the transaction, the amount of loan advanced, the

rate of interest, the repayment made by the member,

the amount of the principal and interest due and such

other particulars as may be prescribed. The

necessary entries shall be made in the pass book

from time to time which shall be counter signed by

such office-bearer of the society as may be

authorised in this behalf by the committee. For this

purpose, the member shall be bound to present the

passbook to such office-bearer and if the passbook is

required to be kept for some time for making the

necessary entries the member shall be granted a

receipt there of, by such office-bearer. (2) The entries in the passbook duly made shall, until

the contrary is proved, be prima facie evidence of

the account of transactions of the society with the

member.

Exemption from

compulsory

registration or

instruments.

35 Nothing in clause (b) and (c) of sub-section (1) of

section 17 of the Indian Registration Act, 1908 (16

of 1908) shall apply to, –

(a) any instrument relating to share in a society

notwithstanding that the assets of the society

consist in whole or in part of immovable

property; or

(b) any debentures issued by any such society

and not creating, declaring, assigning,

limiting or extinguishing any right, title or

interest to or in immovable property except in

so far as it entitles the holder to the security

afforded by a registered instrument whereby

the society has mortgaged, conveyed or

otherwise transferred the whole or part of its

immovable property or any interest therein to

trustees upon trust for the benefit of the

holder of such debentures; or

(c) any endorsement upon, or transfer of, any

debenture issued by any such society; or

(d) any declaration made by a member in favour

of a society for creating a charge on land

under section 41 and its assignment by the

said society in favour of the financing bank or

the federal society to which it is affiliated and

further assignment by such financing bank or

- 35 -

federal society in favour of the Chhattisgarh

State Co-operative Bank Limited, or any

other federal society.

Explanation.- For the purposes of this section, a

financing bank shall include the Reserve Bank of

India, the State Bank of India, the corresponding

new bank specified in First Schedule to the Banking

Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of

Undertakings) Act, 1970 (No. 5 of 1970), and such

other Bank as the State Government may, from time

to time, by notification, specify in this behalf.

Borrowings. 36 A society may receive deposits and loans from the

State Government, Banks, Financing bodies,

Corporate Bodies under any law, operating in the

State and individuals under the provision of the

byelaws of the society. It may also receive funds as a

share capital under specific agreement or approved

project by way of granting nominal membership.

Restrictions on

loans.

37 (1) No society shall make a loan to,-

(a) any person who is not a member;

(b) any member on the security of its own

shares; (c) any member on the security of a non-

member;

Provided that a society may make loans to

another society and/or nominal member as provided

in the byelaws of the society.

(1A) a society making a loan to its members who have

been provided with “Bhoo-Adhikar Avam Rin

Pustika” prescribed under section 114-A of the

Chhattisgarh Land Revenue Code, 1959 (No. 20 of

1959) shall enter all transactions of loans; advances

and recoveries thereof in the aforesaid Bhoo-

Adhikar Avam Rin-Pustika.

(1B) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Act, rules

made thereunder and byelaws of the society, in case

of an omission in making entry of a loan or advance

made to members of the society, it shall be

presumed that no such loan or advances has been

made unless proved otherwise by the society;

- 36 -

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section

(1), a society may make a loan to a depositor on the

security of his deposit.

(3) The Registrar may, by general or special order,

prohibit or restrict the lending of money on the

security of movable property or on the mortgage of

immovable property by any society or class of

societies.

(4) If an officer or employee of a society entrusted with

the work of making an entry of any transaction of

loans, advances and recoveries thereof in the “Bhoo-

Adhikar Avam Rin Pustika” referred to in sub-

section (1-A) fails to make such entry in the said

Pustika the Registrar may by order impose a penalty

on him of any amount not exceeding rupees five

hundred. The order imposing a penalty shall be

enforced in accordance with the provisions of

section 85.

Society not to

recover or receive

interest greater than

the principal.

37-A

Notwithstanding anything contained in any

agreement or any law for the time being in force, no

society shall, in respect of any lone advanced by it to

a member belonging to scheduled caste or scheduled

tribes, or other members owing 5 acre irrigated or 10

acre un-irrigated land, whether before or after

commencement of the Madhya Pradesh Co-

operative Societies (Second Amendment) Act 1979

which is repayable within a period not exceeding ten

years from the date of its advance, charge, recover or

receive towards interest thereon during the currency

of such loan a sum greater than the principal and any

sum charged, recovered or received in excess

thereof shall, if the loan is subsisting be adjusted,

towards repayment of the Principal till it is fully

repaid and in any other case, shall be refunded to the

debtor member within sixty days of the date on

which the payment towards interest exceeds the limit

aforesaid:

Provided that nothing in this Section shall

apply to loans advanced by a Development Bank

and an Urban Co-operative Bank.

- 37 -

Restrictions on

other transactions

with non-members.

38 Save as provided in section 36 and 37, the

transactions of a society with persons other than

members shall be subject to such restrictions, if any,

as may be prescribed.

Charge and set-off

in respect of share

or interest of

members.

39 A society shall have a charge upon the share or

interest in the capital and on the deposits of a

member, past member or deceased member and

upon any dividend, bonus or profits payable to a

member, past member or deceased member, in

respect of any debt or outstanding demand owing to

the society from such member or past member of

deceased member and may set-off any sum credited

or payable to a member, past member or deceased

member in or towards payment of any such debt or

outstanding demand:

Provided that no financing bank shall have

a charge upon any sum invested in such bank by a

society as reserve fund if such bank is not the sole

creditor of the society or upon any sum invested in

such bank from any Provident Fund nor shall such

bank be entitled to set-off any such sum credited or

payable to the society in or towards payment of any

debt or outstanding demand owing to such bank

from such society.

Prior claim of

society on certain

assets.

40. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any law for

the time being in force, but subject to any prior

claim of the State Government in respect of land

revenue or any money recoverable as arrears of land

revenue and to any claim of a development bank

arising out of a loan granted at any time whatsoever

under the Chhattisgarh Sahakari Krishi Aur Gramin

Vikas Bank Adhiniyam, 1999 ( 20 of 2000), any

debt or outstanding demand owing to a society by

any member or past member or deceased member,

shall be a first charge upon the crops and other

movable property belonging to such member, past

member or forming part of the estate of the deceased

member, as the case may be;

Provided that where any prior claim of the

State Government arises out of a loan granted under

the Land Improvement Loans Act, 1883 (19 of

- 38 -

1883) or the Agriculturists Loans Act, 1884 (12 of

1884) and such loan is granted after the grant of loan

by a society the loan granted by the society shall,

notwithstanding anything contained in the said

enactments, have priority over such claim of the

Government. (2) No person shall transfer any property, which is

subject to a charge under sub-section (1) except with

the previous permission in writing of the society

which holds the charge;

Provided that it shall always be lawful for a

member or past member to create a charge in favour

of a Development Bank under the Chhattisgarh

Sahakari Krishi Aur Gramin Vikas Bank

Adhiniyam, 1999 ( 20 of 2000), for dues thereof. (3) Notwithstanding anything contained in any law for

the time being in force any transfer of property made

in contravention of the provisions of sub-section (2)

shall be void as against any claim of the society in

respect of any debt or outstanding demand owing to

it which is a first charge on such property under sub-

section (1).

First charge of Co-

operative societies

on certain assets.

41 (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any law for

the time being in force, but subject to any prior

claim of the State Government in respect of land

revenue or any money recoverable as arrears of land

revenue or to any of claim of a development bank

arising out of a loan granted at any time whatsoever

under the Chhattisgarh Sahakari Krishi Aur Gramin

Vikas Bank Adhiniyam, 1999 ( 20 of 2000), or by a

bank under Chhattisgarh Krishi Udhar Pravartan

Tatha Prakirn Upbandha (Bank) Adhiniyam, 1972

(No. 32 of 1973), any debt or outstanding demand

owing to a society by a member or past member or

deceased member shall be first charge in favour of

the society on,-

(a) the land owned by such member or past

member or forming part of the estate of the

deceased member, as the case may be; and

(b) his interest in any land as a tenant if such

member owns such interest;

against which such debt was granted or such

- 39 -

outstanding demand stands, for and to the extent of

the debt, or outstanding demand owing by him:

Provided that where any prior claim of the

State Government arises out of the loan granted

under the Land Improvement Loans Act, 1883 (No.

19 of 1884), and such loan is granted after the grant

of loan by a society, the loan granted by the society

shall, notwithstanding anything contained in the said

enactment, have priority over such claim of the

Government;

(2) No member shall alienate the whole or any part of

the land or interest therein which is subject to charge

under sub-section (1) until the whole amount

borrowed by the member together with interest is

paid in full:

Provided that it shall be lawful for a member

or a past member to mortgage in favour of-

(i) a Development Bank; or

(ii) a bank under the Chhattisgarh Krishi Udhar

Pravartan Tatha Prakirn Upbandha (Bank)

Adhiniyam, 1972 (No. 32 of 1973); or

(iii) the State Government,-

such land or any part thereof under the rules made

under the Chhattisgarh Irrigation Act, 1931 (No. 3 of

1931), for supply of water from a canal to such land

or any part thereof.

(3) Any alienation made in contravention of the

provisions of sub-section (2) shall be void as against

any claim of the society in respect of the loan taken

from it under this section;

(4) Intimation in writing shall be given to the Tahsildar

about the details of the debt or outstanding demand

owing to the society from a member, past member or

deceased member in the prescribed manner and the

Tahsildar shall on receipt of such information, have

it entered in the Record of Rights.

Right of society to

acquire and dispose

of immovable

property.

41-A (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any law for

the time being in force, a society shall have power to

acquire agricultural land or interest therein, or any

immovable property which has been charged or

mortgaged to it by a member in respect of any

financial assistance availed of by him, provided the

- 40 -

said land or interest therein or any other immovable

property has been sought to be sold by public

auction and no person has offered to purchase it for

a price which is sufficient to pay to the society the

money due to it;

Provided that only such portion of the

property shall be sold as may be reasonably

sufficient to satisfy the debt and interest thereon.

(2) A society which acquires land or interest therein or

any other immovable property in exercise of the

power vested in it under sub-section (1), may

dispose it of by sale within a period to be specified

by the Registrar in this behalf,

(3) If the society has to lease out any land acquired by it

under sub-section (1),pending sale thereof as

indicated in sub-section (2) the period of lease shall

not exceed one year at a time and the lessee shall not

acquire any interest in that property, notwithstanding

any provisions to the contrary in any other law for

the time being in force.

(4) A sale by a society of land or interest therein in

terms of this section shall be subject to the

provisions of any other law for the time being in

force providing for restrictions on purchase of land

by non-agriculturists or in excess of ceiling limits or

involving fragmentation of land below a specified

limit. (5) Nothing in this section shall be construed to

empower the society to sell any land or interest

therein of a person belonging to an aboriginal tribe,

which has been declared to be an aboriginal tribe by

the State Government by notification under sub-

section (6) of section 165 of the Chhattisgarh Land

Revenue Code, 1959 (No. 20 of 1959) to a person

not belonging to such tribe.

(6) Nothing in the Chhattisgarh Ceiling on Agricultural

Holdings Act, 1960 (No. 20 of 1960) shall apply to a

society acquiring land under sub-section (1) and

holding such land till such time as the society is in a

position to sell the land in the manner provided in

this section or otherwise, at a price which is

adequate to cover its dues.

- 41 -

Deduction from

salary to meet

society’s claim in

certain cases.

42 (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any law for

the time being in force, a member of a society may

execute an agreement in favour of such society

providing that his employer shall be competent to

deduct from the salary or wages payable to him by

the employer, such amount, as may be specified in

the agreement and to pay the amount so deducted to

the society in satisfaction of any debt or other

demand owing by the member to the society.

(2) On the execution of such agreement, it shall not be

necessary to have the debt or claim adjudged by any

authority and the employer shall, if so required by

the society, by a requisition in writing and so long as

the society does not intimate that the whole of such

debt or demand has been paid, make the deduction

in accordance with the agreement and pay the

amount so deducted to the society, as if it were a

part of the salary, or wages payable on the day as

required under the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 (No

4 of 1936).

(3) If after the receipt of a requisition, made under sub-

section (2), the employer at any time fails to deduct

the amount specified in the requisition from the

salary or wages payable to the members concerned

or makes default in remitting the amount deducted to

the society, the society shall be entitled to recover

any such amount from the employer as an arrear of

land revenue and the amount so due from the

employer shall rank in priority in respect of the

liability of the employer equal to that of the wages in

arrears.

(4) The provisions of this section shall also apply to all

such agreements of the nature referred to in sub-

section (1) as were in force on the date of the

commencement of the Act, (5) Nothing contained in this section shall apply to

persons employed in railways, mines and oil- fields.

(6) For the purposes of this section, Drawing and

Disbursing Officer shall be deemed to be an

employer in respect of a Government servant.

- 42 -

Funds and profits. 43 (1) No part of the funds of a society other than the net

profits shall be paid by way of bonus or dividend or

otherwise distributed amongst its members;

Provided that a member may be paid

remuneration on such scale as may be laid down by

the bye-laws for any services rendered by him to the

society.

(2) A society shall, out of its net profits in any year,-

(a) transfer an amount not being less than twenty-

five percent of such profits to the reserve funds

unless such society has been, by general or

special order, partially or wholly exempted in

this behalf by the Registrar; and

(b) pay to the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Union

Limited and to such other institutions or unions

as may be specified by the Registrar in this

behalf, such contribution as may be prescribed.

(c) transfer at least twenty per cent to an equity

redemption fund by such societies which have

Government equity participation.

(3) No society shall pay dividend to its members at the

rate exceeding twenty five per cent, except with the

prior approval of the Registrar.

(4) A society may, with the sanction of the Registrar,

after one fourth of the net profit in any year has been

carried to the reserve fund, contribute not exceeding

five per cent of the remaining net profits to any

purpose connected with the development of Co-

operative movement or charitable purpose as defined

in section 2 of the Charitable Endowment Act, 1890

(No. 6 of 1890).

(5) No society shall make a contribution either in money

or in kind, either directly or indirectly to an

organisation that has an object in furtherance of the

interest of a political party or of any religious faith.

Appropriation of

profits.

43-A (1) A society earning profit shall calculate the net profit

by deducting from the gross profits for the year

following:-

(a) all overdue interest accrued on loan accounts.

(b) management charges;

- 43 -

(c) interest payable on loans and deposits;

(d) audit fee;

(e) working expenses, including repairs, rent,

taxes;

(f) depreciation;

(g) bonus payable to employees under the

Payment of Bonus Act, 1965 (No. 21 of 1965);

(h) provision for payment of income-tax;

(i) provision for payment of subscription to the

State/District Co-operative Union as may be

notified;

(j) provision for development fund, bad debt

fund, price fluctuation fund, dividend

equalisation fund, investment fluctuation fund

and such other funds as may be specified by the

Registrar in this behalf;

(k) provision for retirement benefits to employees

and in the case of societies engaged in

consumer goods business, provision for

purchase rebate to be paid to the members; and

(l) provision for writing off bad debts and losses

not adjusted against any fund created out of

profits.

(2) A society may, however, add to the net profits of the

year, interest accrued in the preceding year but

actually recovered during the year; the net profit

thus arrived at, together with the amount of the

profits brought forward from the previous year, shall

be available for appropriation for the purposes of

section 43.

Liability for deficit. 43-B (1) Where a society has an operational deficit in any

year, the committee shall place before the general

body the reasons therefor.

(2) The general body shall examine the reasons and

where the deficit has arisen in the normal course of

business of the society the general body based on its

examination may resolve to make good the

operational deficit wholly or partially from members

and or its reserves.

- 44 -

Investment of funds 44 (1) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (2) and (3),

a society may invest or deposit its funds,-

(a) in Government Savings Bank; or

(aa) in a Co-operative Bank; or

(b) in any of the securities specified in section 20

of the Indian Trusts Act, 1882 (2 of 1882); or

(c) with the federal society of which it is a

member or in the purchase of the share

thereof; or

(d) with the approval of the Registrar, with any

other society with limited liability or in the

purchase of the shares or securities or

debentures thereof; or

(e) with any bank approved for this purpose by the

Registrar and on such terms and conditions, if

any, as may be laid down by him in this

behalf:

Provided that the approval of the Registrar

shall not be necessary under clause (d) if shares are

to be purchased to become a member thereof

according to the bye-laws of such society.

(2) The reserve fund of a society shall be invested or

utilized only in such manner and on such terms and

conditions as may be laid down by Registrar in this

behalf.

(3) No investment of any of its funds in immovable

property, other than funds created for specified

purposes, shall be made by a society other than a

housing society without the approval of the

Registrar.

(4) A society accepting deposits shall maintain, as a

cover against such deposits, fluid resources to such

extent and in such manner as may be specified by

the Registrar from time to time.

Grant of State aid to

societies.

45 (1) Any society desirous of having State aid otherwise

than by way of contribution towards share capital

may apply to the Registrar stating the reasons for

seeking such State aid.

(2) On receipt of an application under sub-section (1) or

otherwise, the Registrar may, if he is satisfied that

such aid is necessary in the interest of the society,

- 45 -

recommend to the State Government the grant of

such aid. The State Government may thereupon

grant such aid to the society as it may deem fit on

such terms and conditions as may be prescribed.

Employee’s

Provident Fund.

46 (1) A society may establish a contributory Provident

Fund for the benefit of its employees to which shall

be credited all contributions made by the employees

and the society in accordance with the bye-laws of

the society. (2) A contributory Provident Fund established by a

society under sub-section (1) -

(a) shall not be used in the business of the

society;

(b) shall not form part of the assets of the

society;

(c) shall not be liable to attachment or be subject

to any other process of any court or other

authority; and

(d) shall be administered in such manner as may

be prescribed.

Power to direct

affiliation to Federal

Society.

47 The State Government may, by a general or special

order, direct that all or any of the societies situated

within a specified area shall be affiliated to the

Chhattisgarh Co-operative Union or to a District Co-

operative Union or to any other union in such

manner and on such conditions as the State

Government may specify.

Apex Society. 47-A The Apex Society may, for servicing its constituents

and in accordance with its byelaws, perform the

following functions;-

(a) safeguard the observance of the Co-operative

principles;

(b) promote and organise Co-operative societies

and for this purpose, frame model byelaws and

guidelines for making various regulation and

policies for consideration by the societies;

(c) provide Co-operative training, education and

information, and propagate Co-operative

principles;

(d) undertake research and evaluation and assist in

preparation of perspective development plans

of member societies;

- 46 -

(e) promote harmonious relations between

member societies;

(f) help member societies in the settlement of

disputes among themselves and between a

society and its members;

(g) represent the interest of member societies and

lobby for policies and legislation favorable to

societies;

(h) undertake business services on behalf of its

members;

(i) provide Co-operation and management of

development services to member societies

including participation in board meetings

where member societies are invited;

(j) ensure timely conduct of annual audit in

member societies;

(k) ensure timely conduct of elections in member

societies;

(l) assist member societies in regular conduct of

general meetings;

(m) evolve code of conduct for observance by

member societies;

(n) evolve viability norms for member societies;

(o) provide legal aid and advice to member

societies;

(p) provide any other service in the interest of

member societies.

- 47 -

CHAPTER- V

MANAGEMENT OF SOCIETIES

Final authority in

society.

48 (1) The final authority in a society shall vest in the

general body of members;

Provided that the byelaws of a society may

provide for the constitution of a smaller body

consisting of delegates elected in accordance with

such byelaws to exercise powers of the general body

or as may be specified in the byelaws of the society. (2) Subject to sub-section (1), the management of every

society shall vest in a committee constituted in

accordance with this Act or rules made thereunder or

byelaws of the society and it shall exercise such

powers and perform such duties as may be conferred

or imposed respectively by the Act or rules made

thereunder or byelaws of the society.

(3) (a) On the committee of primary society

(i) In which half or more than half the

members belong to scheduled castes,

scheduled tribes and other backward classes

not less than half the total number of seats,

shall be reserved for the members

belonging to such castes, trives and

backward classes in such proportion as may

be prescribed;

(ii) In which one fourth or more than one

fourth, but less than half the members

belong to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled

Tribes and other background classes, three

seats shall be reserved for the members

belonging to such castes, tribes and

background classes of which one seat each

shall be reserved for each class;

(iii) In which the number of members belonging

to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and

other backward classes is less then one

fourth of total numbers of members one seat

shall be reserved for a member belonging to

such castes, tribes and other backward

classes, which has the larger number of

members in the society.

(iv) Which is the operating in a Scheduled Area,

the number of seats to be reserved for

- 48 -

Scheduled Tribes shall bear as nearly as

may be the same proportion as members

belonging to Scheduled Tribes bear to the

total memberships of the society.

Explanation: For the purpose of this clause the

District Co-operative Agriculture And Rural

Development Bank shall be deemed to be a primary

society;

(b) On the Committee of such Central or Apex

Society or class of Central or Apex Societies,

as the State Govermment may having regard to

the total membership of [Scheduled Castes,

Scheduled Tribes and other backward classes]

in the Primary Societies affiliated to such Apex

or Central Society, by general or special order,

direct, such number of seats as may be

specified in the order shall be reserved for the

members belonging to of [Scheduled Castes,

Scheduled Tribes and other backward classes]

Provided that the number of seat so

reserved shall not exceed for each category of

members;

Provided further that on the Committee

of every Central or Apex Society of the

Resource class at least one seat each shall be

reserved for the members of [Scheduled Castes,

Scheduled Tribes and other backward classes]

(c) In the event of society failing to elect requisite

number of members or electing less than such

number of members, as is specified in clauses

(a) and (b), the members of the committee shall

co-opt the requisite number of members from

amongst members of such society eligible for

such representation and in the event of the

Committee failing to do so Registrar shall

nominate the requisite number of members

from amongst members of such society eligible

for such representation;

(5) There shall be a President/Chairman and two Vice

Presidents/ Vice-Chairmen in a resource society. Out

of the two offices of Vice-president/ Vice-

Chairman-

- 49 -

(i) One shall be held by a woman member, and

(ii) One shall be held, if the chairman is not

elected from amongst persons belonging to

scheduled castes, scheduled Tribes and

other Backward Classes, by a person

belonging to these categories and otherwise,

by any person;

Provided that in case of such resource society

other than a Nagrik Co-operative Bank or Urban Co-

operative Credit Society or Thrift Society, operating

in a Scheduled area, the chairman or president shall

be elected only from amongst persons belonging to

Scheduled Tribes.

Explanation: For the purpose of this Section-

(i) “Scheduled Caste” means any caste, race or

tribe or part of or group within a caste, race

of tribe specified in relation to State of

Chhattisgarh under Article 341 of the

Constitution of India.

(ii) “Scheduled Tribe” means any tribe, Tribal

community or part of or group within a Tribe

or Tribal community specified as such in

relation to the State of Chhattisgarh under

Article 342 of the Constitution of India.

(5-A) There shall be a President or Chairman and Vice

President or Vice Chairman in consumer society of

whom one shall be a woman.

(6) No person who is individual member in a Central

Co-operative Bank shall hold any specified office in

the Central or Apex Society. (7) In a resource society, no person who is a non-

borrowing member shall be qualified for election as

member of the committee, delegate or representative

nor shall he be entitled to vote in any election of the

committee, delegate or representative of the society:

Explanation.- A non-borrowing member shall be

one who never borrowed from such a Bank or

society in which he is a member.

Provided that the provisions of this sub-

section shall apply to the society from the date it

commences its lending operations;

- 50 -

Provided further that the provisions of this

sub-section shall not apply to the society in so far as

its first provisional committee/nominated committee

is concerned.

Disqualification for

holding specified

office.

48-A (1) No person shall at the same time hold the specified

office of more than one Apex Society, One Central

Society and one Primary society.

Provided that the provisions of this sub-

section shall be applicable in case of societies of

same classification.

(2) If any person who is holding a specified office in

one Apex Society, one Central Society and one

Primary Society is elected or appointed to a

specified office in any other Apex or Central or

Primary society, he may, by a letter in writing signed

by him and addressed to the Registrar, within a

period of one month from the date of his election or

appointment to such specified office resigns from

the specified office in all except one Apex Society

and or one Central Society and or One Primary

Society as the case may be.

(3) If any person required to resign under sub-section

(2), fails to resign within the period specified

therein, then at the expiration of such period he shall

be deemed to have resigned from the specified office

in all except one Apex Society and one Central

Society and one Primary Society, as the case may

be, in which he was already holding the specified

office prior to such subsequent election or

appointment to specified office in other Apex or

Central or Primary Society.

Representatives and

delegates.

48-B (1) Every committee of society shall at the time of

election of Chairman or Vice-Chairman, also elect

representative who shall represent it in other society

and the representative so elected shall not be

withdrawn by the Committee till the next election of

the committee.

(2) (a) In a society where not less than half of the

members belong to Scheduled Caste and

Scheduled Tribes, the representative shall be

only from amongst the members belonging to

such castes or tribes; and

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(b) In a society where not less than two-third of the

members belong to other Backward Classes, the

representative shall be from amongst the

members belonging to such classes. (3) If the byelaws of the society provide for the

constitution of its general body by the elections of

the delegates the society shall reserve seats in the

general body for the members belonging to

Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other

Backward Classes in such a manner that the number

of seats so reserved for each category shall as far as

possible, be in the same proportion in which

members of each category, shall bear to the total

membership of the society.

Powers of

Committee.

48-C The Board or the Committee of a society shall in

accordance with the byelaws, have power to –

(a) admit and terminate membership;

(b) elect the Chairman and other office bearers;

(c) remove from office the Chairman and office

bearers;

(d) fix staff strength with the approval of the

Registrar;

(e) frame policies concerning,-

(i) organisation and provisions for services to

members;

(ii) qualifications, recruitment, service

conditions of the staff and other matters

relating to staff with the approval of the

Registrar;

(iii) mode of custody and investment of funds;

(iv) manner of keeping accounts;

(v) mobilisation, utilization and investment of

funds;

(vi) monitoring and management of

information system including statutory

returns to be filed;

(f) place the annual report, annual financial

statements, plan and budget for the approval of

the general body;

(g) consider audit and compliance reports and

place the same before the general body; and

(h) undertake such other functions as specified in

the byelaws.

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Annual General

Meeting.

49 (1) Every society shall within three months before the

close of financial year call a general meeting of its

members for the following purposes of;

(a) approval of the programme of the activities of

the society prepared by the committee for the

ensuring year;

(b) Election, if fallen due, of the members of the

committee;

Explanation.-Election of the committee shall be

deemed to have fallen due, if the term of the

committee comes to an end within a period of three

months from the date of the annual general meeting.

(c) consideration of the audit report, if received

and the annual report;

(d) disposal of the net profit;

(c) consideration of any matter which may be

brought forward in accordance with the

byelaws; and

(f) presenting the budget for the next Co-

operative year;

Provided that the Registrar may , save the

meeting in which elections are to be held on

expiration of the term of the committee specified in

sub-section (7-A), extend the period for holding

such meeting , by a further period not exceeding

three months;

Provided further that in respect of a society

where an order of liquidation has been issued under

Section 69, annual general meeting shall not be

necessary to be called. (1-A) The election of the members of the Committee,

Chairman, Vice-Chairman, President, Vice-

President and representatives, if any shall be

conducted by the Returning Officer in the prescribed

manner. (2) Notice of such meeting shall be sent to the

Deputy/Assistant Registrar of the district in which

the society is situated, at least fourteen clear days

before the date of the meeting. (3) The Deputy/Assistant Registrar may himself attend

such meeting or depute any officer subordinate to

him to attend it.

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(4) The Deputy/Assistant Registrar or the officer

deputed by him, shall have the right to address the

meeting in respect of any matter pertaining to the

subject specified in clauses (a), (c), (d) and (e) of

sub-section (1).

(5) If default is made in calling general meeting within

the period prescribed therefor under sub-section (1)

or in complying with the requirement of sub-section

(1), the Registrar may, by order, declare any officer

whose duty it was to call such meeting or comply

with it the provisions of sub-section (1) and who

without reasonable excuse failed to comply with any

of the provisions of aforesaid sub-section, to be

disqualified for being elected or being in office for

such period not exceeding three years, as he may

specify in such order and if the officer in an

employee of the society impose a penalty on him of

any amount not exceeding five thousand rupees:

Provided that no order shall be made under

this sub-section unless the person concerned is given

a reasonable opportunity of being heard by an

officer not below the rank of Joint Registrar of Co-

operative Societies. (6) If the byelaws of a society provides for election of

all or some members of the committee on territorial

basis, such members of the committee shall be

elected from the area in a meeting of the members of

that area in accordance with the provisions of the

byelaws on a date prior to that of general meeting.

The results thereof shall be affixed on the notice

board of the society and also at the place of the

general meeting prior to the commencement of the

proceedings in annual general meeting.

(7) At every annual general meeting of a society, the

committee shall lay before the society a statement

showing details of loans or advances, if any,

outstanding during the proceeding years, in the name

of the members of the committee, their family

members and near relation .

Expiation :- For the purpose of sub-section (7)

family members shall include wife, husband and

dependent children.

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(7-A) (i) The term of the committee shall be five years

from the date on which first meeting of the

committee is held:

Provided that where a committee

superseded, suspended or removed under the Act is

reinstated as a result of any order of any Court or

authority, the period during which the committee

remained under supersession, suspension out of

office as the case may be, shall be excluded in

computing the period of the term aforesaid.

(ii) The term of the representative elected by the

committee of the society shall be co-terminus

with the term of the committee of the society for

which representative is elected:

Provided that the representative of a

committee shall continue to hold his office till the

expiry of the term of the committee of which he is a

member.

(8) If the elections are not held before the expiry of the

term specified in sub-section (7-A), or the extended

term under deleted herein before sub-section (7-AA)

all the members of the committee shall be deemed to

have vacated their seats and the powers of the

committee shall be deemed to have been vested in

the Registrar and the Registrar shall hold elections

as early as possible.

Provided that the Registrar may authorize

any officer to exercise the powers of the committee

vested in him under this sub-section and the officer

so authorized shall exercise such powers form the

date of such authorization.

(9) (a) Every society shall record in the minutes book,

the minutes of all the proceedings of every

general meeting and all other meetings of its

committee.

(b) Such minutes shall be circulated to all the

persons invited for the meeting, within thirty

days from the conclusion of the meeting.

(c) The minutes so recorded shall be signed by the

person who presided over the said meetings.

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Annulment of

proceedings of

society by successor

committee

49-B Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or

the rules made thereunder and byelaws of a society,

any resolution passed by a committee shall not be

modified or annulled by the successor committee

without the previous sanction in writing of the

Registrar.

Government’s

powers to give

directions in public

interest, etc

49-C (1) If the State Government, on receipt of a report from

the Registrar or otherwise is satisfied that in the

public interest or for the purpose of securing proper

implementation of co-operative production and other

development programmes approved or undertaken

by Government, or to secure the proper management

of the business of the society generally, or for

preventing the affairs of the society being conducted

in a manner detrimental to the interests to the

members or of the depositors or the creditors

thereof, it is necessary to issue directions to any

class of societies generally or to any society or

societies in particular, the State Government may

issue directions to them from time to time, and all

societies or the societies concerned, as the case may

be, shall be bound to comply with such directions.

(2) The State Government may modify or cancel and

directions issued under sub-section (1), and in

modifying or cancelling such directions may impose

such conditions as it may deem fit.

(3) Where the Registrar is satisfied that any person or

committee responsible for complying with any

directions or modified direction issued to a society

under sub-section (1) or (2) has failed without

sufficient reason or justification to comply with the

directions, the Registrar may-

(i) in case of a committee, proceed against such

committee in accordance with the provisions of

section 53; and

(ii) in case of a person, if the person is a member of

committee of the society or an employee of the

society, proceed against such person in

accordance with the provisions of Section 53-B

or the rules framed under sub-section (1) of

section 55 as the case may be:

Provided that directions involving financial

losses to the societies will be given only with prior

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consent of the committee of such society and where

necessary, of national financing institution, as well

as after making the provision and advance allotment

for compensating such losses fully.

Registrar’s power to

give directions to

make regulations.

49-D (1) If the Registrar is of the opinion that, having regard

to the financial condition of the society and financial

interest of Government therein, it is necessary to

regulate the manner of carrying on its trade or

business, he may, subject to any rules made in this

behalf, direct such society to make regulations in

that behalf and forward them to him for approval.

(2) On receipt of the regulations made by the society,

the Registrar may approve them with or without

modifications. On approval of such regulations, the

society shall carry on its business in according with

regulations.

(3) If any society fails to forward such regulations to the

Registrar when directed by him under sub-section

(1) within a period of three months from the date on

which the direction is given, the Registrar shall

make or cause to be made such regulations and

require the society to carry on its business in

accordance with such regulations and thereupon the

society shall be bound to comply with such

requirement.

Appointment of

Managing Director

and Chief Executive

Officer in certain

circumstances.

49-E (1) (a) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act

or rules or byelaws made thereunder for any

Apex Society where the State Government has

contributed to it share capital or has given loans

or financial assistance or has guaranteed the

repayment of loans granted in any other form,

there shall be a Managing Director, not below

the rank of a class I Officer, who shall be

selected by a committee constituted at the State

level consisting of the Agriculture Production

Commissioner, Chairman of the Apex Society,

Registrar Co-operative Societies and one

Director nominated by the Board of Apex

Society;

Provided that if the committee fails to select

the Managing Director unanimously, the matter shall

be referred to the State Government whose decision

thereon shall be final.

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(b) The Managing Director shall be ex-officio

member of the committee. (2) (a) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act,

or the Rules or byelaws made thereunder for

every Central society where the State

Government has contributed to its share capital

or has given loans or financial assistance or has

guaranteed the repayment of loans, debentures,

or advances or has given grants in any other

form, there shall be a Managing Director or a

General Manager not below the rank of Class II

officer who shall be the Chief Executive Officer

of the society and ex-officio member of the

committee;

(b) The Chief Executive Officer shall be appointed,-

(i) from among the Officers of the cadre

maintained under Section 54 if such a cadre

has been created;

(ii) in other cases with the prior approval of the

Registrar.

(c) The Chief Executive Officer shall perform such

duties and exercise such powers as may be

prescribed.

Special General

Meeting.

50 (1) The Committee may at any time, call a special

general meeting of the society and shall call such

meeting within one month after the receipt of a

requisition in writing from the Registrar or from

one-tenth of total number of members.

(2) If a special general meeting of a society is not called

in accordance with the requisition referred to in sub-

section (1), the Registrar or any person authorised by

him in this behalf, shall have the power to call such

meeting and that meeting shall be deemed to be a

meeting called by the Committee.

(2-A) Where any officer or member of the committee

whose duty was to call such a meeting in accordance

with the provisions of this Act, or the rules or

byelaws made thereunder fails without reasonable

excuse to call such meeting, the Registrar may, by

order, declare in case of member of the committee,

such member of the committee to be disqualified for

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being a member of the committee for such period

not exceeding seven years as he may specify in such

order and in case of an officer of the society impose

on him a penalty not exceeding five thousand

rupees;

Provided that no order shall be made under

this sub-section unless the person concerned is given

a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

(3) The matters before a special general meeting may

include all or any of the matters specified in Section

49.

Disqualification for

being candidate or

voter for election to

committee or

representative or

delegate of society.

50-A (1) No person shall be qualified to be a candidate for

election as member of the committee, representative

or delegate if he is in default for a period exceeding

12 months to the society or any other society for any

loan or advance taken by him as a member of such

society.

(1-A) No person shall be qualified to be a candidate for

election as a member of the committee,

representative or delegate if he has more than two

living children one of whom is born on or after 26th

January, 2001.

(1-B) A person elected to an office mentioned in sub-

section (1-A) shall become disqualified to held such

office if on or after 26th

January, 2001 a child is born

which increases the number of his children to more

than two.

(2) No person shall be entitled to vote at any election of

the committee, representatives or delegates of the

society, if he is in default for a period exceeding 12

months to the society or any other society for any

loan or advance taken by him as a member of such

society.

Validation of acts. 51 No act of a society or of any committee or of any

officer shall be deemed to be invalid by reason only

of the existence of any defect in procedure or in the

constitution of the society or of the committee or in

the appointment or election of an officer or on the

ground that such officer was disqualified for his

appointment.

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Power to appoint

Government

nominees.

52 (1) (1)Where the State Government –

(a) has subscribed to the share capital of a

society; or

(b) has assisted indirectly in the formation or

augmentation of the share capital of a

society as provided in section 45; or

(c) has guaranteed the repayment of principal

and payment of interest on debentures

issued by a society; or

(d) has guaranteed the repayment of principal

and payment of interest on loans and

advances to a society;

the State Government or any authority specified by

the State Government in this behalf shall have the

right to nominate such number or Government

official not exceeding two as it may deem fit on

any or all of the committees of such society.

(2) A person nominated on the committee of a society

under sub-section (1) shall hold office for such

period and on such conditions, as may be prescribed.

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act,

every person nominated on the committee of a

society under sub-section (1) shall have one vote in

such committee;

Provided that nominated person shall not be

entitled to vote in any election of the office bearers

of the committee of the society.

(4) When the Government has subscribed to the share

capital of, or has guaranteed the repayment or

principal and payment of interest on loans and

advances to, a society to the extent of rupees three

lakhs or more and the society has incurred loss to the

extent of twenty-five per cent, or more of its owned

capital, the State Government may, Notwithstanding

anything contained in this Act, the rules made

thereunder or byelaws of the society, nominate one

of the members nominated by it under sub-section

(1) as Chairman of the committee of the society and

further appoint one of the nominated members as

Managing Director/ General Manager/ Manager of

the society.

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Representation of

women member on

committee.

52-B If the opinion of the State Government, It is

necessary to provide adequate representation to

women members on a committee of such society or

class of societies, as it may, by general or special

order, specify it may direct such society to provide

reservation of seat for women on its committee.

Provided that the number of seats so reserved

shall not exceed four in such committee.

Provided further that in the event of a society

failing to elect the requisite number of women

members in its committee or to elect less than such

number of women members, the remaining members

of the committee shall co-opt the requisite number

of women members from amongst women members

of such society entitled to such representation and in

the event of committee failing to co-opt requisite

renumber of women members the Registrar shall

nominate the requisite number of women members

from amongst women members of such societies

entitled to such representation.

Supersession of

committee.

53 (1) If, in the opinion of the Registrar, the committee of

any society,-

(a) is negligent in the performance of the duties

imposed on it by or under this Act or bye-laws

of the society or by any lawful order passed by

the Registrar or is unwilling to perform such

duties; or

(b) commits acts which are prejudicial to the

interests of the society or its members; or

(c) violates the provisions of this Act or the rules

made thereunder or byelaws of the society or

any order passed by the Registrar;

the Registrar may, by order in writing, remove the

committee and appoint a person or persons to

manage the affairs of the society for a specified

period not exceeding two years in the first instance;

Provided that in case of a Co-operative

Bank, the order of supersession shall not be passed

without previous consultation with Reserve Bank;

Provided further that if no communication

containing the views of the Reserve Bank of India,

on action proposed is received within forty-five days

of the receipt by that Bank of the request soliciting

- 61 -

consultation, it shall be presumed that the Reserve

Bank of India agrees with the proposed action and

the Registrar shall be free to pass such order as may

be deemed fit;

Provided also that in case of a Co-operative

bank, if so required by the Reserve Bank in the

public interest or for preventing the affairs of the

Co-operative Bank being conducted in a manner,

detrimental to the interest of the depositors or for

securing the proper management of a Co-operative

Bank, the Registrar shall pass an order for the

supersession of its committee or managing body by

whatever name called and for appointment of an

Administrator therefore for such period or periods

not exceeding five years in the aggregate, as may

from time to time be specified by the Reserve Bank

and on such appointment, the provisions of sub-

section (4), (5), (6) and (8) shall apply as if orders

were passed under sub-section (1);

Provided also that if a non-official is

appointed in the committee of a primary society, he

shall be from amongst the members of that society,

entitled for such representation and in case of

Central or Apex society, if a person is appointed in

the committee of such society, he shall be a member

of one of its affiliated societies entitled for such

representation. (2) No order under sub-section (1) shall be passed

unless a list of allegations, documents and witnesses

in support of charges leveled against it has been

provided and the committee has been given a

reasonable opportunity of showing cause against the

proposed order and representation , if any, made by

it, is considered. (3) The period specified in the order under sub-section

(1) may, at the discretion of the Registrar, be

extended, from time to time;

Provided that No such order shall remain in

force for more than three years in the aggregate.

(4) The person or persons so appointed, shall subject to

the control of the Registrar and to such instructions

as he may, from time to time, give, have power to

- 62 -

exercise all or any of the powers and to discharge all

or any of the functions of the committee or of any

officer of the society, and to take all such actions, as

may be required in the interest of the society.

(5) The Registrar may fix the remuneration payable to

the person or persons so appointed. The amount of

such remuneration and other costs, if any, incurred

in the management of the society shall be payable

from its funds.

(6) The person or persons so appointed shall, before the

expiry of the period of his or their appointment,

arrange the constitution of a new committee in

accordance with the bye-laws of the society.

(7) Before taking action under sub-section (1) in respect

of a financing Bank or in respect of a society

indebted to a financing bank , the Registrar shall

consult, in the former case, the Chhattisgarh State

Co-operative Bank Limited and, in the latter case,

the financing bank concerned, regarding such action.

If the Chhattisgarh State Co-operative Bank limited

or the financing bank, as the case may be, fails to

communicate its views within forty five days of the

receipt by such bank of the request soliciting

consultation, it shall be presumed that the

Chhattisgarh State Co-operative Bank Limited, or

the financing bank concerned, as the case maybe,

agreed with the proposed action.

(8) Notwithstanding anything contained in Section

48,49 and 50, if there is a difference of opinion

between the general body of society and the person

or persons appointed under sub-section (1) in respect

of any matter, it shall be referred to the Registrar for

decision and his decision thereon shall be final;

Provided that if the Registrar fails to take

any decision within three months of the general

body meeting, the decision of the general body of

the society shall prevail. (9) Nothing in this section shall be deemed to affect the

power of the Registrar to direct the winding up of

the society.

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(10) During the period between the issuance of notice

and the passing of an order removing the committee,

the committee may be required by the Registrar to

function under the supervision, and with the

approval of such authority as the Registrar may

specify in this behalf and no order made or

resolution passed or any other act performed by the

committee, shall be effectual unless it is approved by

such specified authority;

Provided where the Registrar, while

proceeding to take action under sub-section (2), is of

the opinion that the supersession of the committee

during the period of proceeding is necessary in the

interest of the society he may suspend the

committee, which shall thereupon cease to function

and make such arrangement as he thinks fit, of the

affairs of the society till the proceedings are

completed and order issued under sub-section (1);

Provided further that the period of suspension

shall not exceed six months and on the expiry of said

period the suspension of the Committee shall stand

revoked.

Provided also that, if the committee so

suspended, is not superseded after undergoing the

proceeding mentioned above, it shall be re-instated

and the period during which is has remained

suspended shall not count towards its term.

Provided also that no order of suspension

shall be made unless the committee of the society

has been given a reasonable opportunity of being

heard. (11) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the

Registrar shall, in case of Central Co-operative

Banks, Urban Co-operative Banks and District Co-

operative Agriculture and Rural Development

Banks, if the recovery continuously in three

financial years is less than 65 per cent of the demand

or if the overdues exceed 40 per cent, pass an order

for removal of the committee or the Managing

Committee by whatever name it is called of the

Bank and for appointment of a administrator therefor

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for such period or periods not exceeding five years

in the aggregate, as may be specified by the

Registrar and on such appointment, the provisions of

sub-section (4),(5) and (6) shall apply thereto as if

an order was passed under sub-section (1);

Provided that no such order shall be made

unless the committee has been given a reasonable

opportunity of showing cause against the proposed

order and representation, if any, made by it is

considered. (12) When a committee of a society has been superseded

under sub-section (1) any member of the committee,

notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, rules

made thereunder or byelaws of the society, shall not

be eligible for contesting the election as a member of

the committee nor he shall be eligible for co-option

or nomination in that society for a period of seven

years;

Provided that nothing in this sub-section

shall apply to a member of the committee of a

society who was not a party to such decision of the

committee which led to the supersession of it. (13) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, or

rules made thereunder or byelaws of society, if the

committee of society ceases to function due to order

of any Court or otherwise, the Registrar may appoint

a person or committee of persons temporarily till the

Court order is vacated or the new elections are held

and the committee takes charge.

Taking over of

charge.

53-A (1) (1) If,-

(i) the committee of a society is

reconstituted at a general meeting of the

society under section 49; or

(ii) the term of the committee of a society

expires in pursuance of an order issued

under clause (iii) of sub-section (7-A) of

Section 49; or

(iii) the committee of a society is removed

or suspended or ceases to function

under section 53; or

(iv) the society is ordered to be wound up

under section 69,

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the person or persons entitled to receive the

charge of the committee or society, as the case may

be, shall assume charge,-

(a) from the date of election of a committee

at the general meeting in case of (i)

above;

(b) from the date of order issued by the

State Government under clause (iii) of

sub-section (7-A) of section 49 in case

of (ii) above;

(c) from the date of order of the Registrar

appointing him/them to manage the

affairs of the society in case of (iii)

above, and

(d) from the date of order of the Registrar

appointing a liquidator in case of (iv)

above;

and outgoing members of the committee shall be

bound to handover charge, the records and property

of the society to those assuming charge on the date

as herein provided.

(2) The person entitled to receive charge of the

committee or society, as the case may be, under sub-

section (1) shall be deemed to have assumed charge

of his office as from the date mentioned in sub-

section (1), whether such charge has been actually

handed over or not.

Power of the

Registrar to remove

an Officer or

Member of the

Committee of the

society in certain

circumstances.

53-B (1) If in the opinion of the Registrar, any officer of the

co-operative society has been grossly negligent in

the discharge of his duties imposed on him by or

under this Act the rules made there under or byelaws

or has, by a fraudulent act, caused financial loss to

the society the Registrar may without prejudice to

any other action that may or can be taken against

him, call upon on the society to remove within a

specified period such officer from the office held by

him and where necessary also to disqualify him from

holding any office under that society for a period not

exceeding three years, whereupon the society shall,

after affording opportunity to the officer concerned

of being heard, pass such orders as it deems fit.

- 66 -

(2) On the failure of the society to take action under

sub-section (1), the Registrar may after affording

opportunity to the officer of being heard and for

reasons to be recorded, and communicated to the

officer and the society concerned, remove or remove

and disqualified for a period not exceeding three

years, the officer from holding any officer under that

society for the period specified in the order.

(3) An officer removed under the sub-section (1) or sub-

section (2) shall with effect from the date of

communication of the order, cease to hold that office

and if disqualified shall not be eligible to hold any

office under that society for the period specified in

the order.

Appointment of

Managers,

Secretaries and

other officers.

54 (1) No society shall appoint a Manager, Secretary,

Accountant or other paid officer unless he holds

such qualifications as may be prescribed.

(2) The Apex and Central Societies shall maintain such

cadres of officers and other servants as the State

Government may, by order, direct and the conditions

of service of members of such cadre shall be such as

the Registrar may, by order, determine.

(3) The State Government may, by notification, specify

the class of societies which shall employ officer

from such cadres maintained by the Apex or Central

Societies under sub-section (2) as may be specified

therein and it shall be obligatory on the part of such

class of societies to accept and appoint such cadre

officers on the cadre posts as and when deputed by

the Apex or Central Societies.

Registrar’s power to

determine

conditions of

employment in

societies.

55 (1) The Registrar may, from time to time, frame rules

governing the terms and conditions of employment

in a society or class of societies and the society or

class of societies to which such terms and conditions

of employment are applicable shall comply with the

order that may be issued by the Registrar in this

behalf.

(2) Where a dispute, including a dispute regarding terms

of employment working conditions and disciplinary

action taken by a society, arises between a society

and its employees, the Registrar or any officer

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appointed by him not below the rank of Assistant

Registrar shall decide the dispute and his decision

shall be binding on the society an its employees.

Provided that the Registrar or the officer

referred to above shall not entertain the dispute

unless presented to him within thirty days from the

date of order sought to be impugned;

Provided further that in computing the period

of limitation under the foregoing proviso, the time

requisite for obtaining copy of the order shall be

excluded.

Registrar’s power to

enforce

performance of

obligation.

56 (1) Every society shall maintain such records, registers

and books of accounts and shall furnish to the

Registrar such information and such returns as may

be required by him from time to time. (2) Every society shall fix specific responsibility on the

officer or employee of the society to maintain such

records, registers, books of accounts and to furnish

to the Registrar such information and such returns as

may be required by order by him, from time to time

within the period specified in such order. (3) If any officer or the employee of the society on

whom specific responsibility has been fixed under

sub-section (2), fails to maintain the records,

registers, books of accounts and to furnish to the

Registrar, such information and such returns as may

be required by the Registrar within the specified

time, the Registrar may, by order, declare such

officer to be disqualified for being a member of the

committee for such period not exceeding three years

as he may specify in such order and if the officer is

an employee of the society, impose on him a penalty

not exceeding five thousand rupees;

Provided that no order shall be made under

this sub-section unless the person concerned is given

a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

Registrar’s power to

seize records, etc.

57. (1) Where the Registrar is satisfied that,-

(a) the records, registers or the books of accounts

of a society are likely to be tampered with or

destroyed and the funds and property of a

society are likely to be misappropriated or

misapplied, or

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(b) if the committee of a society is reconstituted at

a general meeting of the society of the

committee of a society is removed by the

Registrar under section 53 or if the society is

ordered to be wound up under section 69 and

the outgoing members of the committee refuse

to handover charge of the records and property

of the society to those having to, or entitled to,

receive such charge;

the Registrar may issue an order directing a person

duly authorised by him in writing to seize and take

possession of such books and records, funds and

property of the society and the officer of the society

responsible for the custody of such books and

records, funds and property shall give delivery

thereof to the person so authorised.

(2) In order to secure compliance of the orders under

clause (b) of sub-section (1) the Registrar may take

or cause to be taken such steps and use or cause to

be used such minimum force including Police Force

as may be considered necessary.

Taking possession of

record and

property.

57-A (1) Where the Registrar is satisfied that the books and

records of a society are likely to be suppressed,

tampered with or destroyed, or the funds and

property of a society are likely to be misappropriated

or misapplied, the Registrar or the person authorised

by him may apply to the Executive Magistrate

within whose jurisdiction the society is functioning,

for seizing and taking possession of the records and

property of the society.

(2) On receipt of the application under sub-section (1),

the Magistrate may authorise any police officer not

below the rank of a sub-inspector to enter and search

any place where the records and property are kept

are likely to be kept and to seize them and handover

possession thereof to the Registrar or the person

authorised by him, as the case may be.

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CHAPER VI

AUDIT, INQUIRY, INSPECTION AND SUPERVISION

Audit and audit-fee. 58 (1) The Registrar shall audit or cause to be audited by a

person authorised by him in writing by general or

special order in this behalf, the accounts of every

society once at least every year and shall recover

from such society such fees as may be prescribed;

Provided that,-

(i) the State Government may, by notification,

for reasons to be specified, therein, exempt

any class of societies;

(ii) the Registrar may for reasons to be

recorded in writing , exempt any society

from the payment of fees or part thereof,

under this sub-section;

Provided further that a Central Society or an

Apex Society or an Urban Co-operative Bank may

get the accounts audited by a Chartered Accountant

approved by the Registrar.

Provided also that if there is a complaint of

financial irregularities or embezzlement after the

completion or issuance of the audit report, the

Registrar may order special audit for the purpose. (2) The audit under sub-section (1) shall include

examination of the accounts and the overdue debts,

if any compliance of the instructions and orders of

the Registrar issued under this Act, rules made

thereunder and byelaws of the society, the

verification of cash balance and securities and

valuation of the assets and liabilities of the societies

and such other items as may be specified by the

Registrar. (3) The Registrar or the authorised person shall at all

times have access to all the books, accounts,

documents, papers, securities, cash and other

properties belonging to, or in the custody of the

society and may summon any person in possession

of or responsible for, the custody of any such books,

accounts, documents, papers, securities, cash or

other properties, to produce the same at any place at

the headquarters of the society or any branch

thereof.

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(4) Every person who is or has at any time been, an

officer or employee of the society and every member

and past member of a society shall furnish such

information in regard to the transactions and

working of the society as the Registrar or the person

authorised by him may, require.

Audit Board. 58-A For the purpose of conducting audit and supervision

of any society or class of societies, the State

Government may constitute an Audit Board which

may exercise such powers of the Registrar as the

State Government may, by notification specify in

this behalf and the Audit Board shall exercise these

powers to the exclusion of the Registrar.

Procedure for

making good losses

caused to a society.

58-B (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or

the rules or the byelaws of a society where the State

Government has contributed to its share capital or

has given loans or financial assistance or has

guaranteed the repayment of loans, debentures,

advances or has given grants in any other form and

if in the course of an audit, inquiry, inspection or the

winding up of a society or otherwise, it is found that

any person who is or was entrusted with

organisation or management of such society or any

deceased, past or present Chairman or Secretary,

member of the Committee, Officer or employee of

the society has made any payment contrary to the

provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder

or byelaws of a society or has caused any deficiency

or loss by gross negligence or misconduct or has

misappropriated or fraudulently retained any money

or other property belonging to such society, the

Registrar may on his own motion or on the

application of the committee, liquidator or any

creditor, enquire himself or direct some person

authorised by him, by an order in writing in this

behalf, to enquire into the conduct of such person

within two years of the date of the report of audit,

enquiry or inspection, or winding up, as the case

may be;

Provided that no such enquiry shall be

instituted against a person unless the person

concerned is given a reasonable opportunity of being

heard.

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(2) If, on enquiry made under sub-section (1), the

Registrar is satisfied that there are reasonable

grounds for an order under this sub-section, he may

make an order requiring such person, or in the case

of a deceased person, his legal representative who

inherits his estate, to repay or restore the money or

property or any part thereof, with interest at such

rate, or to pay contribution and costs or

compensation to such extent as the Registrar may

consider just and equitable:

Provided that no order under this sub-section

shall be made unless the person concerned is given a

reasonable opportunity of being heard in the matter.

Provided further that the liability of a legal

representative of the deceased shall be to the extent

of the property of the deceased which has come to

the hands of such legal representative.

(3) Any person aggrieved by the order made under sub-

section (2), may within thirty days from the date of

communication of the order to him appeal to the

State Government.

Provided that in computing the period of

limitation, the time requisite for obtaining a copy of

the order appealed against shall be executed.

(4) Any order made under sub-section (2) or sub-section

(3) shall be enforced in accordance with the

provisions of section 85.

(5) If the Registrar is satisfied by an affidavit, enquiry

or otherwise that any person with intent to delay or

obstruct the enforcement of any order that may be

made against him under this Section-

(a) is about to dispose of the whole or any

part of his property : or

(b) is about to remove the whole or any part

of his property from the jurisdiction of the

Registrar;

he may, unless adequate security is furnished, direct

the conditional attachment of the said property or

such part thereof as he thinks necessary.

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Inquiry. 59 (1) The Registrar may on the application of,-

(i) a society to which the society is affiliated; or

(ii) a creditor to whom the society is indebted; or

(iii) not less than one third of the members of the

committee; or

(iv) not less than one-tenth of the total number of

members of the society; or

hold an inquiry or cause an inquiry to be made into

the specific matters raised in the application relating

to the constitution, working and financial condition

of the society.

(2) The Registrar shall order an inquiry only after the

receipt of a fee as may be prescribed, from the

applicant or applicants, deemed sufficient to meet

the costs of the inquiry to be conducted.

(3) The inquiry shall be completed within a period of

four months from the date of ordering the inquiry.

(4) The Registrar shall, within a period of one month

from the date of completion of inquiry ,

communicate the report of the inquiry,-

(i) to the society concerned;

(ii) to the applicants or the person designated by

the applicants to receive such report;

(iii) any member of a society;

(iv) federation of which the society is a member;

(v) creditor;

on payment of the prescribed fee.

Duty of certain

persons to assist

enquiry.

59-A (1) All officers, members and past members, of the

society in respect of whom an inquiry is held, and

any other person who, in the opinion of the officer

holding the inquiry is in possession of the

information, books and paper relating to the society,

shall furnish such information as is in their

possession and produce all books and papers relating

to the society which are in their custody or power,

and otherwise give to the officer holding an inquiry

all assistance in connection with the enquiry which

they can reasonably give.

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(2) If any such person refuses to produce before the

Registrar or any person authorised by him under

sub-section (1) of section 59 any book or paper

which is his duty under sub-section (1) to produce or

to answer any question which is put to him by the

Registrar or the person authorised by the Registrar in

pursuance of sub-section (1), the Registrar or the

person authorised by the Registrar may certify the

refusal and the Registrar may, after hearing, any

statement which may be offered in defence punish

the defaulter with a penalty not exceeding one

thousand rupees. Any sum imposed as penalty under

this section shall, on the application by the Registrar

or the person authorised by him, to a Magistrate,

having jurisdiction, be recoverable by the Magistrate

as if it were a fine imposed by himself.

Inspection of books

of society

60 (1) The Registrar may on his own motion, or on the

application of creditor of a society inspect or direct

any person authorized by him by general or special

order in writing in this behalf, to inspect the books

of the society;

Provided that no such inspection shall be

made on the application of a creditor unless the

applicant,-

(a) satisfies the Registrar that the debt is a sum

which is due and that he has demanded

payment thereof and has not received

within a reasonable time; and

(b) deposits with the Registrar such sum as

security for the costs of the proposed

inspection as the Registrar may require.

(2) The Registrar shall communicate the result of any

such inspection,-

(a) where the inspection is made on his own

motion to the society; and

(b) where the inspection is made on the

application of a creditor, to the creditor and

the society.

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Rectification of

defects.

61 (1) If the result of the audit held under section 58 or an

inquiry held under section 59 or an inspection held

under section 60 discloses any defects in the

constitution, working or financial condition or the

books of a society, the Registrar may bring such

defects to the notice of the society and if the society

is affiliated to another society also to the notice of

that other society.

(2) The Registrar may make an order directing the

society or its officers or member of the committee or

the society to which it is affiliated to take such

action as may be specified in the order within the

time mentioned therein to remedy the defects

disclosed in the audit, inquiry or inspection.

Costs of inquiry. 62 Where an inquiry is held under section 59 or an

inspection is made under section 60 on the

application of a creditor, the Registrar may

apportion the costs, or such part of the costs as he

may deem fit, between the society to which the

society concerned is affiliated, the society

concerned, the members or creditors demanding an

inquiry or inspection, and the officers or former

officers of the society:

Provided that, –

(a) no order of apportionment of the costs shall

be made under this section unless the

society or the person sought to be made

liable to pay the costs thereunder has had a

reasonable opportunity of being heard;

(b) the Registrar shall state in writing the

grounds on which the costs are apportioned

Expenditure on

proceedings. etc

63-A No expenditure from the funds of a society shall be

incurred for the purpose of defraying the costs of

any proceedings filed or instituted in any court by

any officer or committee of a society against any

order made or purporting to have been made by the

Registrar under Section 19-AA, Chapter V or

Chapter VI;

Provided that where the case is finally

decided in favour of the officer or the committee, as

the case may be, such cost as may be approved by

the Registrar shall be reimbursed by the society.

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CHAPTER VII

DISPUTES AND ARBITRATION

Disputes 64 (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other

law for the time being in force, any dispute touching

the constitution, management or business, terms and

condition of employment of a Society or the

liquidation of a society shall be referred to the

Registrar by any of the parties to the dispute if the

parties thereto are among the following;-

(a) a society, its committee, any past

committee, any past or present officer, any

past or present agent, any past or present

servant or a nominee, heirs or legal

representatives of any deceased agent or

deceased servant of the society, or the

liquidator of the society;

(b) a member, past member or a person

claiming through a member, past member

or deceased member of a society or of a

society which is a member of the society;

(c) a person other than a member of the society

who has been granted a loan by the society

or with whom the society has or had

business transactions and any person

claiming through such a person;

(d) a surety of a member, past member or

deceased member or a person other than a

member who has been granted a loan by the

society, whether such a surety is or is not a

member of the society;

(e) any other society or the liquidator of such a

society; and

(f) a creditor of a society.

(2) For the purposes of sub-section (1), a dispute shall

include,-

(i) a claim by a society for any debt or demand

due to it from a member, past member or the

nominee, heir or legal representative of a

deceased member, whether such debt or

demand be admitted or not;

(ii) a claim by a surety against the principal

debtor where the society has recovered from

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the surety any amount in respect of any debt

or demand due to it from the principal debtor

as a result of the default of the principal

debtor, whether such debt or demand be

admitted or not;

(iii) a claim by a society for any loss caused to it

by a member, past member or deceased

member, any officer or deceased officer, any

agent, past agent or deceased agent, or any

servant, past servant or deceased servant, or

its committee, past or present, whether such

loss be admitted or not;

(iv) a question regarding rights, etc., including

tenancy rights between a housing society and

its tenants or members; and

(v) any dispute arising in connection with the

election of any officer of the society or

representative of the society or of composite

society;

Provided that the Registrar shall not

entertain any dispute under this clause during the

period commencing from the announcement of the

election programme till the declaration of the results.

(3) If any question arises whether a dispute referred to

the Registrar is a dispute, the decision thereon of the

Registrar shall be final and shall not be called in

question in any court.

Limitation. 65 (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Indian

Limitation Act, 1908 (IX of 1908), and subject to the

specific provisions made in this Act, the period of

limitation for referring the disputes mentioned below

to the Registrar under section 64 shall,-

(a) when the dispute relates to the recovery

of any sum including interest thereon due

to a society by a member thereof, be six

years from the date on which such

member dies or ceases to be member of

the society;

(b) when the dispute is between a society or its

committee and any past committee, any

past or present officer, or past or present

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agent, or past or present servant or the

nominee, heir or the legal representative

of a deceased officer, deceased agent or

deceased servant of the society, or a

member or past member or the nominee,

heir or the legal representative of a

deceased member and when the dispute

relates to any act or omission on the part

of either party to the dispute, be six years

form the date on which the act or

omission with reference to which the

dispute arose, took place;

(c) when the dispute is in respect of any

matter touching the constitution,

management or business of a society

which has been ordered to be wound up

under Section 69 or in respect of which a

nominated committee or a person or

persons has or have been appointed under

Section 53, be six years from the date of

the order issued under Section 69 and

Section 53, as the case may be;

(d) when the dispute is in connection with the

election of any officer of a society, forty-

five days from the date of declaration of

the result of such election.

(2) The period of limitation in the case of any other

dispute except those mentioned in sub-section (1)

which are required to be referred to the Registrar

under Section 64 shall be regulated by the provisions

of the Indian Limitation Act, 1908 (IX of 1908), as

if the dispute were a suit and the Registrar a Civil

Court.

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section

(1) and (2) the Registrar may admit a dispute after

the expiry of the limitation period if the applicant

satisfies the Registrar that he had sufficient cause for

not referring the dispute within such period.

Settlement of

dispute.

66 (1) The Registrar may, on receipt of the reference of

dispute under section 64 decide the dispute himself,

or transfer it for disposal to a nominee or board of

nominees to be appointed by the Registrar.

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(2) When a dispute is transferred under sub-section (1)

for disposal by a nominee or a board of nominees,

the Registrar may at any time, for reasons to be

recorded in writing, withdraw such dispute from

such nominee or board of nominees and may decide

the dispute himself or transfer it again to any other

nominee or board of nominees appointed by him for

decision. (3) The decision of a nominee or a board of nominees to

whom any dispute is transferred for decision under

this section shall, for the purpose of this Act, be

deemed to be the decision of the Registrar.

Procedure for

settlement of

disputes and power

of Registrar, his

nominee or board of

nominees.

67 (1) The Registrar or his nominee or board of nominees

shall have the power of making interlocutory orders

including grant of a temporary injunction. In

exercising this power, the Registrar or his nominee

or board of nominees, as the case may be, shall

follow the procedure laid down in the Code of Civil

Procedure, 1908 (V of 1908), for the purpose of

making such orders and granting an injunction. (2) No party shall be represented at the hearing of the

dispute by any legal practitioner, except with the

permission of the Registrar or his nominee or board

of nominees, as the case may be:

Provided that where the permission is so

granted, the other party to the dispute shall be

entitled to be represented by a legal practitioner. (3) The Registrar or his nominee, as the case may be,

shall record a note in Hindi of the evidence of the

parties and witnesses who attend and upon the

evidence so recorded and after considering any

documentary evidence produced by either side, shall

give a decision or award, as the case may be. which

shall be reduced in writing If the applicant duly

summoned is absent, the case may he dismissed in

default. If the non-applicant is absent, the case can

be decided ex-parte. In cases, where three nominees

are appointed, the majority shall prevail:

Provided that where a dispute has been

decided against any party, in default and if such

party satisfies the Registrar within thirty days from

the date of such default, that there was sufficient

- 79 -

cause for its non-appearance, the Registrar shall

make an order setting aside the decision and shall

appoint a date for proceeding with case.

Attachment before

award.

68 Where the Registrar or a nominee or board of

nominees, as the case may be, acting under section

66 is satisfied on affidavit, enquiry or otherwise that

a party to any reference with intent to delay or

obstruct the execution of any award that may be

made, -

(a) is about to dispose of the whole or any part of

his property; or

(b) is about to remove the whole or any part of

his property from the jurisdiction of the

Registrar;

the Registrar, a nominee or board of nominees may

unless adequate security is furnished, direct the

conditional attachment of the said property or such

part thereof as he thinks necessary through such

agency authorised by him as he may deem fit and

such attachment shall have the same effect as if it

had been made by a competent Civil Court.

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CHAPTER VIII

LIQUIDATION

Winding up of

societies.

69 (1) If the Registrar, after an inquiry has been held under

section 59, or an inspection has been made under

section 60 or on receipt of an application made by

not less than three fourths of the members of a

society, is of the opinion that the society ought to

be wound up, he may issue an order directing it to be

wound up.

(2) The Registrar may on his own motion make an order

directing the winding up of a society,.-

(a) where the society has not commenced

working within a reasonable time of its

registration or has ceased to work; or

(b) where in the opinion of the Registrar the

society has been working mainly for

promoting the interest of any individual or

group of individuals and not of the members

generally; or

(c) where the society has ceased to comply with

any conditions as to registration or

management under this Act, rules or bye-

laws; or

(d) Where the primary credit society continues

to be in default by not recovering its full

overdue demand from members for

continuous three Co-operative years and

even after supersession, it fails to recover

full overdue demand. (3) No order under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2)

shall be passed unless the society concerned has

been given a reasonable opportunity of showing

cause against the proposed order and representation,

if any made by it is considered.

(4) The Registrar may cancel an order for the winding

up of a society, at any time prior to the cancellation

of its registration in any case where, in his opinion,

the society should continue to exist. (5) Notwithstanding anything contained in this section,

no Co-operative bank shall be wound up, except

with the previous sanction in writing of the Reserve

Bank of India.

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Winding up of Co-

operative Bank.

69 A Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained

in this Act, the Registrar shall make an order for

winding up of a Co-operative bank, if so required by

the Reserve Bank of India in the circumstances

mentioned in section 13-D of the Deposit insurance

and credit Guarantee Corporation Act, 1961 (No. 47

of 1961) or otherwise.

Reimbursement of

Deposit Insurance

Corporation in case

of insured Bank.

69 B Where a Co-operative Bank, being an insured bank

within the meaning of the Deposit Insurance

Corporation Act, 1961 (No. 47 of 1961), is wound

up, or taken into liquidation, and the Deposit

Insurance Corporation has become liable to the

depositors of the insured bank under sub-section (1)

of section 16 of that Act, the Deposit Insurance

Corporation shall be re-imbursed in the

circumstances, to the extent and in the manner

provided in section 21 of the Deposit Insurance

Corporation Act, 1961 (No.47 of 1961).

Appointment of

Liquidator.

70 (1) Where the Registrar has made an order under section

69 for the winding up of a society, he may appoint a

liquidator for the purpose and fix his remuneration

and may also remove at any time any person

appointed as liquidator and appoint another;

Provided that in respect of a co-operative

bank ordered to be wound up on requisition from the

Reserve Bank , the liquidator shall not be appointed

or removed without the previous sanction of Reserve

Bank of India.

(2) A liquidator shall, on appointment, take into his

custody or under his control all the property, effects

and actionable claims to which the society is or

appears to be entitled and shall take such steps as he

may deem necessary or expedient, to prevent loss

deterioration of, or damage to such, property, effects

and claims.

(3) Where an appeal is preferred under section 78 an

order of winding up of a society made under section

69 shall not be operated thereafter until the order is

confirmed in appeal;

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Provided that the liquidator shall continue

to have custody of or control over the property,

effects and actionable claims mentioned in sub-

section (2) and have authority to take the steps

referred to in that sub-section

(4) Where an order of winding up of a society is set

aside in appeal, the property, effects and actionable

claims of the society shall revest in the society.

Control of

Liquidator.

70 A After the appointment of the liquidator, all powers of

the Committee of a Society, whether elected or

nominated, shall cease and the employees of the

Society shall thereafter work under the control and

supervision of the liquidator.

Powers of

Liquidator.

71 (1) Subject to any rules made in this behalf the whole of

the assets of a society in respect of which an order

for winding up has been made, shall vest in the

liquidator appointed under section 70 from the date

on which the order takes effect and the liquidator

shall have power to realize such assets by sale or

otherwise.

(2) Such Liquidator shall also have power, subject to the

control of the Registrar-

(a) to institute and defend suits and other legal

proceedings on behalf of the society in the

name of his office;

(b) to determine from time to time the contribution

(including debts due) to be made or remaining

to be made by the members,or past member or

by the estates or nominees, heirs or legal

representatives of deceased members or by any

officers or former officers, to the assets of the

society;

(c) to investigate all claims against the society, and,

subject to the provisions of this Act, to decide

questions of priority arising between claimants;

(d) to pay claims against the society including

interest up to the date of winding up according

to their respecting priorities, if any, in full or

rateably, as the assets of the society may

permit; the surplus, if any, remaining after

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payment of the claims being applied in payment

of interest from the date of such order or

winding up at a rate fixed by him but not

exceeding the contract rate in any case;

(e) to determine by what persons and in what

proportions the costs of the liquidation are to be

borne;

(f) to determine whether any person is a member,

past member or nominee of deceased member;

(g) to give such directions in regard to the

collection and distribution of the assets of the

society as may appear to him to be necessary

for winding up the affairs of the society;

(h) to carry on the business of the society so far as

may be necessary for the beneficial winding up

of the same;

(i) to make any compromise or arrangement with

creditors or persons claming to be creditors or

having or alleging to have any claim, present or

future, whereby the society may be rendered

liable; and

(j) to compromise all calls or liabilities to calls and

debts and liabilities capable of resulting in

debts, and all claims, present or future, certain

or contingent, subsisting or supposed to subsist

between the society and a contributory or

alleged contributory or other debtor or person

apprehending liability to the society and all

questions in any way relating to or affecting the

assets or the winding up of the society on such

terms as may be agreed and take any security

for the discharge of any such call, liability, debt

or claim and give a complete discharge in

respect thereof;

Provided that no liquidator shall determine

the contribution, debt or dues to be recovered from a

member, or a past member or the nominee, heir or

legal representative of a deceased member unless

opportunity has been given to such member or past

member or to such nominee, heir or legal

representative to explain his position.

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(3) When the affairs of a society have been wound up,

the liquidator shall make a report to the Registrar

and deposit the records of the society in such place

as the Registrar may direct.

Disposal of surplus

assets of liquidated

societies.

72 After all the liabilities including the paid-up share

capital of a wound up society have been met, the

surplus assets shall not be divided amongst its

members but they shall be applied to any object

described in the bye-laws of the society and when no

object is so described, to any object of public utility

determined, by the general meeting of the society

and approved by the Registrar or they may, in

consultation with them either be assigned by the

Registrar in whole or in part to any or all of the

following;-

(a) an object of public utility or local or civic

interest; or

(b) the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Union Limited,

or any other institution or Union; or

(c) may be placed on deposit with a Central Co-

operative Bank until such time as a new

society with similar conditions is registered

when with the consent of the Registrar such

surplus may be credited to the Reserve Fund

of such new society; or

(d) a charitable purpose as defined in Section 2 of

the Charitable Endowments Act, 1890 (6 of

1890); or

(e) to each existing member in proportion to his

paid up share capital.

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CHAPTER IX

OFFENCES AND PENALTIES

Prohibition of

use of word

“Co-operative”.

73 (1) No person other than a society registered under this

Act and a person or his successor in his interests of

any name or title under which he traded or carried

on business at the date on which this Act came into

force, shall, without the sanction of the State

Government, function, trade or carry on business

under any name or title of which the word “Co-

operative” or its equivalent in any Indian Language

forms part. (2) Every person who is a member of a society formed

in contravention of sub-section (2) of Section 14 and

every person contravening the provisions of sub-

section (1) shall be punishable with a fine which

may extend to two hundred rupees and in the case of

a continuing offence with further fine of five rupees

for each day on which the offence is continued after

conviction therefor.

Offences 74 It shall be an offence under this Act, if-

(a) a committee or an officer or member thereof

wilfully makes a false report or furnishes

false information or dishonestly fails to

maintain accounts or dishonestly maintains

false accounts; or

(b) any person collecting share money for a

society in formation does not deposit the

same in the Chhattisgarh State Co-operative

Bank Lmited a Central Co-operative Bank,

an Urban Co-operative Bank or a Postal

Saving Bank, within fourteen days of its

receipt; or

(c) a person collecting the share money for a

society in formation makes use of the funds

so raised for conducting any business or

trading in the name of a society be

registered or otherwise ; or

(d) any officer of a society wilfully

recommends or sanctions for his own

personal use or benefit or for the use or

benefit of a person in whom he is interested

loan, in the name of any other person; or

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(e) an officer or any member destroys,

mutilates, alters, falsifies or secrets or is

privy to the destruction, mutilation,

alteration, falsification or secreting of any

books, papers or securities, or makes or is

privy to the making of any false or

fraudulent entry in any register, book of

account or document belonging to the

society; or

(f) an officer or a member who is in possession

of information, books and records, wilfully

fails to furnish such information or produce

such books and papers or does not give

assistance to a person appointed or

authorized by the Registrar under Sections.

53,58,59,60, 67 and 70; or

(g) an officer wilfully fails to hand over custody

of books, records, cash, security and other

property belonging to the society of which

he is an officer, to a person appointed under

Section 53 or 70; or

(h) a member fraudulently disposes of property

over which the society has a prior claim or a

member or officer or employee or any

person disposes of his property by sale,

transfer, mortgage, gift or otherwise with

the fraudulent intention of evading the dues

of the society; or

(i) any employer and other Director, manager,

secretary or other officer or agent acting on

behalf of such employer who, without

sufficient cause, fails to comply with

provision of sub-section (2) of Section 42;

or

(j) any person acquires or abets in the

acquisition of any property which is subject

to a charge under sub-section (1) of Section

40; or

(k) an officer or member of a society or any

person does any act or is guilty of omission

declared by the rules to be an offence.

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Explanation.-For the purposes of this section an

officer or a member referred to in this section shall

include past officer or past member, as the case may

be.

Penalties for

offences.

75 Every committee, officer or past officer, or member

or past member or an employee or past employee of

a society or any other person shall without prejudice

to any action that may be taken against him under

any law for the time being in force, be liable to be

punished:-

(a) with fine not exceeding Rs. 2000, provided

that he is convicted of an offence referred to

in section 74(a)

(b) with fine not exceeding Rs. 1000, provided

that he is convicted of an offence referred to

in section 74(b)

(c) with fine not exceeding Rs. 1000, provided

that he is convicted of an offence referred to

in section 74(c)

(d) with fine not exceeding Rs. 2000, provided

that he is convicted of an offence referred to

in section 74(d)

(e) with fine not exceeding Rs. 2000, provided

that he is convicted of an offence referred to

in section 74(e)

(f) with fine not exceeding Rs. 250, provided that

he is convicted of an offence referred to in

section 74(f)

(g) with fine not exceeding Rs. 250, provided that

he is convicted of an offence referred to in

section 74(g)

(h) with fine not exceeding Rs. 2000, provided

that he is convicted of an offence referred to

in section 74(h)

(i) with fine not exceeding Rs. 500, provided that

he is convicted of an offence referred to in

section 74(i)

(j) with fine not exceeding Rs. 1000, provided

that he is convicted of an offence referred to

in section 74(j)

(k) with fine not exceeding Rs. 250, provided that

he is convicted of an offence referred to in

section 74(k)

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Cognizance of

offences.

76 (1) No Court inferior to that of a Magistrate of the First

Class shall try any offence under this Act.

(2) No prosecution shall be instituted under this Act

without the previous sanction in writing of the

Registrar and such sanction shall not be given

without giving to the person concerned an

opportunity to represent his case.

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CHAPTER X

APPEALS, REVISION AND REVIEW Appeal 77 (1) Save where it has been otherwise provided, an

appeal shall lie from every original order under this

Act or the rules made thereunder-

(i) if such order is passed by an officer other

than Registrar, Additional Registrar or Joint

Registrar, whether or not the Officer passing

the order is invested with the powers of the

Registrar, to the Joint Registrar;

(ii) if such order is passed by Joint Registrar,

whether or not invested with the powers of

Registrar, to the Registrar or the Additional

Registrar authorised by Registrar;

(iii) if such order is passed by Registrar or

Additional Registrar, to the State

Government.

(2) Save as otherwise provided a second appeal

shall lie against every order passed in first appeal

under this Act or the rules made thereunder-

(i) by the Joint Registrar to the Registrar or the

Additional Registrar authorised by the

Registrar;

(ii) by the Registrar or Additional Registrar, to

the State Government.

(3) A second appeal shall lie on any of the

following grounds, and no other, namely

(i) that the order is contrary to law; or

(ii) that the order has failed to determine some

material issue of law; or

(iii) that there has been a substantial error or

defect in the procedure as prescribed by this

Act which may have produced error or

defect in the decision of the case on merits.

(4) Every appeal shall be presented in the

prescribed manner to the appellate authority

concerned, within thirty days of the date on which

the order appealed against was communicated to the

party affected by the order :

Provided that in computing the period of

limitation under this sub-section the time requisite

for obtaining a copy of the order appealed against

shall be excluded.

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Revision 78 (1) The State Government or the Registrar may at

any time on its/his motion or on the application

made by any party for the purpose of satisfying

itself/himself as to the legality or propriety of the

followings may pass such order in reference thereto

as itlhe think fit-

(i) any inquiry or proceedings or any order

passed by any officer subordinate to it/him;

(ii) any proceedings or decision or resolution or

any order passed by the society or

committee or sub-committee of society;

(iii) any inquiry or proceedings or decision or

any order passed by any officer of any

society :

Provided that no order shall be varied or

reversed in revision unless notice has been served on

the parties interested and opportunity given to them

of being heard.

(2) No such application shall be entertained unless

presented within thirty days 'from the date of order

and in computing the period aforesaid time requisite

for obtaining a copy of the said order shall be

excluded.

No appeal or revision

in certain cases

79 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary

contained in this Act, where with previous

sanction in writing or on the requisition ofthe

Reserve Bank of India- (i) an order for the winding up of a co-

operative bank is made; or

(ii) a scheme of compromise or arrangement

or reconstruction or reorganisation or

amalgamation is made or is given effect

to; or (iii) an order for the supersession or

suspension of the committee by whatever name caned of a Cooperative Bank and the appointment of an Officer Incharge etc. therefor, has been made:

no appeal, revision or review there against shall lie

or be permissible, and such order or the sanction or

requisition of the Reserve Bank of India shall not be

liable to be called in question.

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Review 80 The State Government or Registrar may, on its/his own motion, or on the application of any party interested, review its/his own order in any case and pass such order in reference thereto as it/he thinks just: Provided that, no such application made by the party interested shall be entertained, nor such a case be taken suo motu, unless the State Government or Registrar is satisfied that there has been the discovery of new and important matter of evidence which, after the exercise of due diligence was not within the knowledge of the applicant or could not be produced by him at the time when the order was made, or that there has been mistake or error apparent on the face of the record, or there is any other sufficient reason: Provided that no such order shall be varied, amended or revised, unless notice has been given to the parties interested to appear and such interested parties have been heard: Provided further that application for review of any order, by the parties interested shall not be entertained, unless the application is filed within ninety days from the passing of the order.

Extension of period

of limitation by

appellate authority in

certain cases

80 A In all cases in which it is provided under this Act that an appeal may be filed against any decision or order within a specified period, the appellate authority may admit an appeal after the expiry of such period if the appellant satisfies the appellate authority that he had sufficient cause for not preferring the appeal within such period.

Transfer or

withdrawal of cases

80 B Subject to the provisions of section 77 and 78, the Registrar, Additional Registrar, Joint Registrar, or the Deputy Registrar may make over any case or class of cases arising under the provisions of this Act, for decision from his own file to any officer subordinate to him competent to decide such case or class of cases or may withdraw any case or class of cases from any such officer and may deal with such case or class of cases himself or refer the same for disposal to any other officer subordinate to him and competent to decide such case or class of cases.

- 92 -

Power to make

interlocutory orders

80 C When an application for appeal, revision or review is made to State Government, or Registrar under this Act, it may in order to prevent the ends of justice being defeated, make such interlocutory orders pending the decision of the appeal or application, as the case may be, as may appear to it/him to be just and convenient, or make such orders as may be necessary for the ends of justice; or to prevent the abuse of the legal procedure.

Stay of execution

of orders

80 D (1) An officer who has passed any order or his successor in office may, at any time before the expiry of the period prescribed for appeal or revision, direct the execution of such order to be stayed for such time as may be required for filing an appeal or revision and obtaining a stay order from the appellate or revisional authority.

(2) The authority exercising the powers conferred

by section 77, section 78 or section 80 may direct the execution of the order under appeal or revision or review to be stayed for such time as it may think fit.

(3) The officer or authority directing the execution

of an order to be stayed may impose such conditions or order such security to be furnished as he or it thinks fit.

Transfer of pending

cases

80 E Every appeal or revision or any other proceeding pending before the Madhya Pradesh Sate Co-operative Tribunal under the Principal Act, shall stand transferred to the State Government on the date on which the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies (Amendment) Act, 2003 comes into force.

80 F Any officer or any authority shall exercise such

powers, delegated to the State Government by or

under this Act, in such areas and in such cases as the

State Government may direct by special or general

order

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CHAPTER XI

MISCELLANEOUS

Recovery of sums

due to Government.

81 (1) All sums due from a society or from an officer, or

member or past member or a deceased member of a

society as such to State Government including any

costs awarded to Government under any provisions

of the Act, may, on a certificate issued by the

Registrar in this behalf, be recovered in the same

manner as arrears of land revenue.

(2) Sums due from a society to the State Government

and recoverable under sub-section (1) may be

recovered -

(a) firstly, from the property of the society;

(b) secondly, in the case of a society the liability

of the members of which is limited, from the

members, past members or estates of the

deceased members subject to the limit of their

liability:

Provided that the liability of a legal

representative of the deceased shall be to the extent

of the property of the deceased which has come to

the hands of such legal representative; and

(c) thirdly, in the case of other societies, from the

members, past members or estates of the

deceased member:

Provided that the liability of past members or

estates of deceased members in all cases shall be

subject to the provisions of Section 29.

Power of financing

bank to proceed

against defaulting

members of co-

operative society.

81 A (1) If a co-operative society is unable to pay its debts to

financing bank from which it has borrowed, by

reasons of its members committing default in the

payment of money due by them, the financing bank

may direct the committee of such society to proceed

against such members by taking action under section

64.

(2) If the committee of the Co-operative society fails to

proceed against its defaulting members within a

period of ninety days from the date of receipt of

such direction from the financing bank, the

financing bank may proceed against such defaulting

members in which event, the provisions of this Act,

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the rules and byelaws made there under shall apply

as if all references to the society or its committee in

the said provisions, rules and byelaws were

references to the financing bank.

(3) Where a financing bank has obtained a decree or

award against a society indebted to it, the bank may

proceed to recover such money from the assets of

the society to the extent of debts due from the

society.

Bar of jurisdiction

of Courts.

82 (1) Save as provided in this Act, no civil or revenue

court shall have any jurisdiction in respect of,-

(a) the registration of a society or of bye-laws or

of an amendment of a bye-law;

(b) the removal of a committee or its members

and the management of the society after such

removal;

(c) any dispute, required to be referred to the

Registrar or his nominee or board of

nominees;

(d) any matter concerning the winding up and the

dissolution of a society.

(2) While a society is being wound up, no suit or other

legal proceedings relating to the business of such

society shall be proceeded with, or instituted against,

the liquidator as such or against the society or any

member thereof, except by leave of the Registrar and

subject to such terms as he may impose.

(3) Save as provided in this Act, no order, decision or

award made under this Act shall be questioned in

any court on any ground whatsoever.

Recovery of costs. 83 Any sum awarded by way of costs under Section 62

may be recovered, on an application by the Registrar

to a Magistrate having jurisdiction in the place

where person from whom the money is claimable

resides, or carries on business, by sale of any

property within the limits of the jurisdiction of such

Magistrate, belonging to such, person, and such

Magistrate shall proceed to recover the same, in the

same manner as if it were a fine imposed by himself.

- 95 -

Enforcement of

charge.

84 Notwithstanding anything contained in Chapter VII

or any other law for the time being in force, but

without prejudice to any other mode of recovery

provided in this Act, the Registrar or any person

empowered by the Registrar in this behalf, may on

an application of the society and subject to such

rules as State Government may make in this behalf,

make an order directing the payment of any debt or

outstanding demand due to the society by any

member or past or deceased member by attachment

and sale or transfer by any other mode for such

period and subject to such terms and conditions as

the Registrar or such other person may specify, of

the property or any interest therein which is subject

to a charge under sub-section (1) of section 40, sub-

section (1) of section 41, and sub-section (1), (2) and

(3) of section 42.

Provided that no order shall be made under

this section unless the member, past member or

nominee, heir or legal representative of the deceased

member has been served with a notice of the

application and has failed to pay the debt or

outstanding demand within thirty days from the date

of such service.

Recovery of sums

due to certain

societies.

84 A (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in section 64,

69 and 78 on an application made by a co-operative

housing society or Chhattisgarh State Co-operative

Housing Federation or primary urban Co-operative

Bank for recovery of arrears of its dues, the

Registrar may, after making such enquiry as he

deems fit, grant a certificate for the recovery of the

amount stated therein to be due as an arrear.

(2) The certificate granted by the Registrar shall be final

and conclusive proof of the arrears, and the same

shall be recoverable as arrears of land revenue.

Execution of orders,

etc.

85 Every order or award passed or decision given by

the Registrar under any provision of this Act, every

order passed by the Appellate or Revisional

Authorities and every order made, decision given by

the Liquidator, if not carried out-

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(a) on a certificate signed by the Registrar or any

person authorised by him in this behalf be

deemed to be decree of a Civil Court and shall

be executed in the same manner as a decree of

such Court; or

(b) be executed according to the law and under

the rules for the time being in force for the

recovery of arrears of land revenue; or

(c) be executed by the Registrar or any other

person empowered by the Registrar in this

behalf, by the attachment and transfer in the

manner as may be prescribed or sale or sale

without attachment of any property of the

person or a society against whom the order,

decision or award has been obtained or

passed:

Provided that any application for the

recovery under clause (b) shall be made,-

(i) to the Collector and shall be accompanied

by a certificate signed by the Registrar or

by any person authorised in this behalf;

and

(ii) within five years from the date fixed in the

order, decision or award and if no such

date is fixed, from the date of order,

decision or award, as the case may be.

Manner of executing

order to deliver

possession of

immovable

property.

85 A Where against any person an order to deliver

possession of immovable property has been passed

under this Act, such order shall be executed in the

following manner, namely:-

(a) by serving a notice on the person in possession

requiring him within such time as may appear

reasonable after the receipt of the said notice, to

vacate the same; and

(b) if such notice is not obeyed, by removing or

deputing a subordinate to remove any person

who may refuse to vacate the same; and

(c) if the officer removing any such person is

resisted or obstructed by any person, appoint

any of the officers specified in section 3, who

shall hold a summary inquiry into the facts of

the case, and if satisfied that the resistance or

obstruction was without any just cause, and that

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such resistance or obstruction still continues

may, without prejudice to any proceeding to

which such person may be liable under any law

for the time being in force for the punishment

of such resistance or obstruction, take or cause,

to be taken such steps and use or cause to be

used, such force as may, in the opinion of such

officer, be reasonably necessary for securing

compliance with the order.

Service of notice. 86 (1) Every notice or order issued or made under this Act,

the rules or bye-laws may be served on any person

by properly addressing it to the last known place of

residence or business of such person by registered

post with acknowledgement due letter containing the

notice or order;

Provided that a notice relating to a meeting

called by a co-operative society shall be issued

under certificate of posting or be issued by hand

delivery after obtaining acknowledgement of the

receipt thereof.

(2) An acknowledgement purporting to be signed by

such person or an endorsement by a postal employee

that the person refused to take delivery may be

deemed to be prima facie proof of service;

Provided that if service of the notice cannot

be effected by any manner provided under this Act,

or rules made thereunder, or bye-laws of the society,

a copy thereof shall be affixed notice board and also

at the last known place of residence of the person

noticed or at some place of public resort in such

place.

Registrar and other

officers etc, to be

public servants.

87 Every officer or person as well as employee of a Co-

operative Bank or a Co-operative society or an

authority exercising or authorized to exercise the

powers under this Act or the Rules or bye-laws made

thereunder shall be deemed to be a public servant

within the meaning of section 21 of the Indian Penal

Code, 1860 (44 of 1860)

- 98 -

Indemnity for acts

done in good faith.

88 No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall

lie against the Registrar or any person subordinate to

him or acting under his authority, in respect of

anything done or purporting to have been done by

him in good faith under this Act.

Powers of civil

courts.

89 (1) In exercising the powers conferred on him by or

under this Act, the Registrar, his nominee or board

of nominees, or any other person deciding a dispute

and the liquidator of a society shall have all the

powers of a civil court while trying a suit, under the

Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908), in

respect of the following matters, namely:-

(a) summoning and enforcing the attendance of

any person and examining him on oath;

(b) requiring the discovery and production of

any document;

(c) proof of facts by affidavits; and

(d) issuing commissions for examination of

witnesses.

(2) In the case of any affidavit, any officer appointed by

the Registrar, his nominee or board of nominees or

the liquidator, as the case may be, may administer

oath to the deponent.

Registrar or person

empowered by him

to be a civil court

for certain

purposes.

90 The Registrar or any person empowered by him in

this behalf shall be deemed, when exercising any

powers under this Act for the recovery of any

amount by the attachment and sale or by sale

without attachment of any property, or when passing

any orders on any application made to him for such

recovery or for taking a step in aid of such recovery,

to be a civil court for the purposes of Article 182 of

the First Schedule to the Indian Limitation Act, 1908

(IX of 1908).

Companies Act not

to apply.

92 The provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 (I of

1956) shall not apply to societies registered under

this Act.

Certain other Acts

not to apply to Co-

operative societies.

93 Nothing contained in the Chhattisgarh Shops and

Establishment Act. 1958 (25 of 1958), the

Chhattisgarh Industrial Workman (Standing Order)

Act, 1959 (19 of 1959) and the Chhattisgarh

Industrial Relations Act, 1960 (27 of 1960) shall

apply to a society registered under this Act,

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Notice necessary in

suits.

94 No suit shall be instituted against a society or any of

its officers in respect of any act touching the

constitution, management or business of the society

until the expiration of two months-next after notice

in writing has been delivered to the Registrar or left

at his office, stating the cause of action, the name,

description and place of residence of the plaintiff

and the relief which he claims, and the plaint shall

contain a statement that such notice has been so

delivered or left.

Power to make

rules.

95 (1) The Government may, for the whole or any part of

the State and for any society or class of societies,

make rules for the conduct and regulation of the

business of such society or class of societies and for

carrying out all or any of the purposes of this Act. (2) In particular and without prejudice to the generality

of the foregoing power, such rules may,-

(a) subject to the provisions of Section 3 prescribe

the delegation of powers vested in the

Registrar to persons appointed to assist the

Registrar and prescribe the manner of

forwarding the copies of the proposed

amendment of the bye-laws to the Registrar.

(b) prescribe the forms to be used and the

conditions to be complied with in the making

of applications for the registration of a society

and the procedure in the matter of such

applications;

(c) prescribe the matters in respect of which a

society may make or the Registrar may direct a

society to make, bye-laws and the procedure to

be followed in making, altering and abrogating

bye-laws and the conditions to be satisfied

prior to such making, alteration or abrogation;

(c-1) prescribe the period for the training of a

member of a society and the manner of calling

upon a member of a society to attend the

course of training;

(c-2) prescribe the manner of regulating the voting

right of individual member of a federal

society;

(d) prescribe the procedure to be followed and

conditions to be observed for change of name

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or liability, reorganisation or reconstruction of

society;

(e) prescribe the conditions to be complied with

by a person applying for admission or

admitted as a member and provide for the

election and admission of members and the

payment to be made and the interest to be

acquired before the exercise of the right of

membership;

(f) subject to the provisions of section 24,

prescribe the maximum number of shares or

portion of the capital of a society which may

be held by a member;

(g) provide for the withdrawal or removal of

members and for the payments to them;

(h) provide for the nomination of person to whom

the share or the interest of a deceased member

may be paid or transferred;

(i) provide for ascertaining the value of a share or

interest of a past members or deceased

member;

(j) prescribe the payments to be made and the

conditions to be complied with by members

applying for loans, the period for which loans

may be made, and the amount which may be

lent to an individual member;

(j-1) prescribe the proportions for reservation of

seats for members belonging to scheduled

castes, scheduled tribes and economaly weaker

section on the committee of a resource society

and provide for holding of an office of

President/ Chairman or Vice-President/ Vice-

Chairman of resource society by a member

belonging to the aforesaid castes, tribes or

section;

(k) provide for the inspection of documents in the

office of the Registrar or of any other officer

or authority and the levy of fees for granting

certified copies of the same;

(l) provide for the formation and maintenance of

a register of members and where the liability

of the members is limited by shares, of a

register of shares and a list of members;

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(m) provide for securing that the share capital of

any society shall be variable in such a way as

may be necessary to secure that the share shall

not appreciate in value and the necessary

capital shall be available for the society as

required;

(n) prescribe the terms and conditions on which

Government may make share capital

contribution or give assistance, financial or

other, to societies and the terms and conditions

on which Government may guarantee the

payment of the principal of and interest on

debentures issued by societies or loans raised

by them;

(o) regulate the manner in which funds may be

raised by a society or a class of societies by

means of shares or debentures or otherwise

and the quantum of funds so raised;

(p) prescribe the manner of giving intimation to

the Tahsildar about the details of the debt of

outstanding demand owing to the society from

a member, past member or deceased member;

(q) prescribe the procedure by which a society

shall calculate and write off bad debts;

(r) provide for the formation and maintenance of

reserve funds, and the objects to which such

funds may be applied and for the investment

and use of any fund including reserve fund

under the control of a society;

(s) prescribe the rate at which a society shall

contribute towards the Chhattisgarh State Co-

operative Union;

(t) prescribe the mode of investment of funds of a

society under section 44 and the proportion of

investment in any security or class of

securities;

(u) provide for the payment of contribution to any

provident fund which may be established by a

society for the benefit of officers and servants

employed by them and for the administration

of such provident fund;

(v) provide for general meetings of the members

and the procedure at such meetings and the

- 102 -

powers to be exercised by such meetings;

(w) provide for the appointment, suspension and

removal of the members of the committee and

other officers and for the appointment of a

person or persons under section 53 and

prescribe procedure at meetings of the

committee and for the powers to be exercised

and the duties to be performed by the

committee, person or persons and other

officers;

(x) prescribe qualification and disqualification for

members of the committee and employees of a

society or class of societies and the conditions

of service subject to which persons may be

employed by societies;

(y) prescribe the returns to be submitted by

society to the Registrar and provide for the

person by whom and the form in which such

returns shall be submitted;

(z) provide for the person by whom and the form

in which copies of documents and entries in

books of societies may be certified and the

charges to be levied for the supply of copies

thereof;

(aa) prescribe the accounts and books to be kept

by a society and provide for the audit of

such accounts and the charges, if any, to be

made for such audit, and for the periodical

publication of a balance sheet showing the

assets and liabilities of a society;

(bb) provide for appointment of Registrar’s

nominee or board of nominees, procedure to

be followed in proceedings before the

Registrar or his nominee or board of

nominees, and for fixing and levying the

expenses for determining the dispute and for

enforcing the decisions or executing awards

in such proceedings;

(cc) provide for the issue and service of processes;

(dd) prescribe the procedure for and the method of

recovery of any sums due under this Act or

the rules;

(ee) prescribe the procedure to be followed for the

- 103 -

custody of property attached under section

68.

(ff) Prescribe the procedure and conditions for the

exercise of the powers conferred under

Section 71 and the procedure to be followed

by a liquidator and provide for the disposal

of surplus assets;

(gg) prescribe the procedure to be followed in

presenting and disposal of appeals revisions

and review.

(ii) prescribe the method of communicating or

publishing any order decision or award

required to be communicated or published

under this Act or the rules; and

(jj) provide for all matters required or allowed by

this Act to be prescribed by rules.

(3) All rules made under this Act shall be laid on the

table of Legislative Assembly.

Repeal and savings. 96 (1) The Co-operative Societies Act, 1912 (II of 1912),

in its application to Mahakoshal region, the Madhya

Bharat Co-operative Societies Act, 1955 the

Vindhya Pradesh Co-operative Societies Ordinance,

1949 the Bhopal State Co- operative Societies Act,

1937 (XI of 1937) and the Rajasthan Co-operative

Societies Act, (IV of 1953) in its application to the

Sironj region are hereby repealed.

(2) Notwithstanding such repeal- (i) any society registered or deemed to have

been registered under the enactments specified in sub-section (I) shall be deemed to be registered under this Act and its bye-laws shall, so far as the same are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act be deemed to be registered under this Act and continue in force until altered or rescinded;

(ii) all appointments, rules and orders made, notifications and notices issued and suits and other proceedings instituted under any ofthe said enactments shall so far as may be, be deemed to have been respectively made, issued and instituted under this Act.

-1 -

NRrhlx<+ lgdkjh lkslkbVh vf/kfu;e] 1960

¼Øekad 17 lu~ 1961½

[fnukad 28 vizSy] 1961 dks jk"Vªifr dh vuqefr izkIr gqbZ; vuqefr ^^e/;izns’k jkti= **

essa fnukad 12 ebZ] 1961 dks izFke ckj izdkf’kr dh x;hA ]

[yksdrkaf=d lk/ku ds :Ik esa vkSj Lo;alsoh rFkk ikjLifjd lgk;rk ij

vk/kkfjr yksd laLFkkvksa ds :Ik esa LoSfPNd lgdkjh laLFkkvksa dks laxfBr djus] mudk

fodkl djus vkSj turk ds] fo’ks"k :Ik ls lekt ds detksj oxksZa ds 'kks"k.k dks jksdus vkSj

muds lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl dks lqfuf’pr djus gsrq vf/kfu;eA]

Hkkjr x.kjkT; ds X;kjgos o"kZ esa e/;izns’k fo/kku e.My }kjk fuEufyf[kr :Ik

esa ;g vf/kfu;fer gks %&

igyk v/;k; & izkjafHkd

laf{kIr uke]

foLrkj rFkk

izkjaHk-

1- ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e dk laf{kIr uke NRrhlx<+ lgdkjh

lkslkbVh vf/kfu;e] 1960 gS A

¼2½ bldk foLrkj lEiw.kZ NRrhlx<+ ij gSA

¼3½ ;g ,slh rkjh[k dks izoRr gksxk ftls jkT; ljdkj

vf/klwpuk }kjk fu;r djsA

ifjHkk"kk,a- 2- bl vf/kfu;e esa] tc rd fd lanHkZ ls vU;Fkk

visf{kr u gks]&

¼d½ ßvij jftLVªkjÞ ls vfHkizsr gS /kkjk 3 ds v/khu

fu;qDr fd;k x;k lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa dk

vij

jftLVªkj; ¼¼d&,d½ ^^’kh"kZ lkslkbVh** ls vfHkizsr gS og lkslkbVh

ftldk iz/kku mn~ns’; mu vU; lkslkbfV;ksa

dks tks fd mlls lEc) gksa] fdz;kdj.k ds fy,

lqfo/kk,a nsuk gks vkSj ftlds fØ;k{ks= dk

foLrkj lEiw.kZ NRrhlx<+ ij gks(] ¼[k½ ßlgk;d jftLVªkjÞ ls vfHkizsr gS /kkjk 3 ds

v/khu fu;qDr fd;k x;k lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa

dk lgk;d jftLVªkj; ¼[k&,d½ ßdk;Z{ks=Þ ls vfHkizsr gS og {ks= tgka ls

lnL;rk yh tkrh gS ;k tSlk fd lkslkbVh dh

mifof/k;ksa esa fofufnZ"V gS;

-2 -

¼x½ ßmifof/k;ksaÞ ls vfHkizsr gS os mifof/k;ka tks bl

vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªhdr dh xbZ gksa ;k

jftLVªhdr dh xbZ le>h tkrh gksa rFkk tks

rRle; izo`Rr gksa] vkSj muds vUrxZr mifof/k;ksa

dk dksbZ jftLVªhd`r la’kks/ku vkrk gS; ¼x&,d½ ßdsUnzh; lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS] ftyk

lgdkjh d`f"k vkSj xzkeh.k fodkl cSad ;k vU;

dksbZ lkslkbVh ftldk dk;Z{ks= jkT; ds fdlh

Hkkx rd lhfer gks rFkk ftldk mn~ns’; lnL;

lkslkbfV;ksa ds mn~ns’;ksa dks laizofrZr djuk gS

vkSj ftldh de ls de ikap lnL; lkslkbfV;ka

gS(

[¼x&nks½ ßdsUnzh; lgdkjh cSadÞ ls vfHkizsr gS bl

vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªhd`r ;k jftLVªhdr

le>h xbZ dksbZ lalk/ku lkslkbVh tks cSaddkjh

fofu;eu vf/kfu;e] 1949 ¼1949 dk la-10½ ds

v/khu ;k rks vuqKIr gks ;k tks Hkkjrh; fjtoZ

cSad }kjk bl izdkj vuqKIr fd;s tkus rd

cSaddkjh dkjksckj djus ds fy, vuqKkr gks vkSj&

¼,d½ ftldk dk;Z {ks= jkT; ds fdlh Hkkx rd

lhfer gks; vkSj

¼nks½ ftldk eq[; mn~ns’; ;g gks fd vius ls

lEc) lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa ds fy;s

fuf/k;ksa dk l`tu djsa vkSj d`f"kd]

vkS|kSfxd ,oa vU; lgc) iz;kstuksa ds

fy;s mu lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa ds fy;s

ØsfMV] eky ;k lsok,a vfHkizkIr djs vkSj

ØsfMV eky ;k lsok,a ;k m/kkj ds :Ik esa

mudk iznk; mu lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa dks

djs(] ¼x&rhu½ ßdEiuhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dEiuh vf/kfu;e]

1956 ¼1956 dk la-1½ dh /kkjk 3 esa

;FkkifjHkkf"kr dksbZ dEIkuh; ¼x&pkj½ ßlgdkjh la?kÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slh

jftLVªhdr lkslkbVh ftldk eq[; mn~ns’;

lgdkfjrk f’k{kk nsuk] mldk izpkj djuk]

lgdkjh lsokvksa dk izf’k{k.k nsuk vkSj mudk

foLrkj djuk gS; ¼?k½ ßlfefrÞ ls vfHkizsr gS /kkjk 48 ds v/khu xfBr

fd;k x;k izcU/k cksMZ] pkgs og fdlh Hkh

uke ls iqdkjk tkrk gks;

-3 -

¼?k&,d½ ßlgdkjh cSadÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slk jkT;

lgdkjh cSad] dksbZ ,slk dsUnzh; lgdkjh cSad

rFkk dksbZ ,slk izkFkfed lgdkjh cSad tks bl

vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªhdr gks ;k

jftLVªhdr gqvk le>k tkrk gks; ¼M-½ ßifjlhfer nkf;Ro okyh lgdkjh lkslkbVhÞ ls

vfHkizsr gS] dksbZ lkslkbVh ftlds lnL;ksa dk

nkf;Ro mldh mifof/k;ksa }kjk ml jde]

;fn dksbZ gks] tks fd muds }kjk /kkfjr va’kks

ij vnRr gks] rd ifjlhfer gks ;k ,slh

jde ftldk fd] ml lkslkbVh dk

ifjlekiu gks tkus dh n’kk esa] mldh

vkfLr;ksa ds izfr vfHknk; djus dk ftEek os

vius Åij ysa] rd ifjlhfer gks; ¼M-&,d½ ßeq[; dk;ZikydÞ ls vfHkizsr gS /kkjk

49&M- ds v/khu fu;qDr fd;k x;k O;fDr

vkSj ftls lfefr ds v/;{k ds v/kh{k.k]

fu;a=.k vkSj funs’ku ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,

lfefr }kjk lgdkjh lkslkbVh ds

dk;Zdykiksa dk izca/k lkSaik x;k gS; ¼N½ ßmiHkksDrk lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slh

lkslkbVh tks vius lnL;ksa rFkk lkFk gh vU;

xzkgdksa ds fy, eky vfHkizkIr djus ;k mldk

mRiknu djus rFkk izlaLdj.k djus ,oa mUgsa

mldk forj.k djus ;k muds fy, vU;

lsok;sa djus ds rFkk ,sls iznk;] mRiknu]

izlaLdj.k ,oa forj.k ls izksn~Hkwr gksus okys

ykHkksa dks vius lnL;ksa rFkk xzkgdksa ds chp

ml vuqikr esa] tks fd ,slh lkslkbVh dh

mifof/k;ksa esa vf/kdfFkr fd;k tk;s] forj.k

djus ds mn~ns’; ls cukbZ xbZ gks; ¼N&,d½ ßizR;k;qDrÞ ls vfHkizsr gS O;f"Vd lnL;ksa

ds lewg }kjk lkslkbVh ds lk/kkj.k fudk;

esa mudk izfrfuf/kRo djus ds fy, lkslkbVh

dh mifof/k;ksa ds vuqlkj fuokZfpr dksbZ

O;fDr; ¼N&nks½ ßfMikftV bU’;ksjsal ,.M xkj.Vh dkiksZjs’kuÞ ls

vfHkizsr gS fMikftV bU’;ksjsal ,.M xkj.Vh

dkiksZjs’ku ,DV] 1961 ¼1961 dk la- 47½ ds

v/khu LFkkfir fMikftV bU’;ksjsal ,.M

xkj.Vh dkiksZjs’ku;

-4 -

¼t½ ßmi jftLVªkjÞ ls vfHkizsr gS /kkjk 3 ds v/khu

fu;qDr fd;k x;k lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa dk

dksbZ mi jftLVªkj; ¼t&t½ ßfodkl cSadÞ ls vfHkizsr gS] ,slk ftyk

lgdkjh df"k vkSj xzkeh.k fodkl cSad vFkok

NRrhlx<+ jkT; lgdkjh d`f"k vkSj xzkeh.k

fodkl cSad] tks bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu

jftLVªhdr gks ;k jftLVªhd`r gqvk le>k

tk,; ¼>½ ßdqVqEcÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ O;fDr] mldk

ifr ;k mldh iRuh] ml ij vkfJr

mldh larku vkSj ml ij vkfJr rFkk

mlds lkFk la;qDrr% fuokl djus okys

vU; ukrsnkj;

¼¥½ ßd`f"k deZ lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS] ,slh iathdr

lkslkbVh tks Hkwfe ds fodkl rFkk [ksrh dh

vf/kd vPNh i)fr;ksa dks laizofrZr djus ,oa

ubZ d`f"k rduhd dks laizofrZr djus ds

mn~ns’; ls cukbZ x;h gks vkSj blesa lfEefyr

gS csgrj df"k deZ lkslkbVh] vfHk/kkjh df"k

deZ lkslkbVh] lkewfgd d`f"k deZ lkslkbVh]

la;qDr d`f"k deZ lkslkbVh] flapkbZ lkslkbVh]

lafonk d`f"k deZ lkslkbVh rFkk Qly lao/kZu

lkslkbVh(

¼V½ ßla?kh; lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS og lkslkbVh

ftldh va’kiwath dk] ljdkjh va’kiwath dks

vioftZr djrs gq,] de ls de ipkl izfr’kr

lkslkbfV;ksa }kjk /kkfjr gks; ¼B½ ßfoRrnk;h cSadÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slh lkslkbVh

ftlds mn~ns’;ksa ds vUrxZr vU; lkslkbfV;ksa

dks ;k mlds oS;fDrd lnL;ksa dks m/kkj nh

tkus okyh fuf/k;ksa dk lftr fd;k tkuk vkrk

gS] vkSj mlds vUrxZr vkrs gS dksbZ fodkl cSad

rFkk lgdkjh cSad; ¼M½ ßlk/kkj.k lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slh

lkslkbVh tks /kkjk 10 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa

fofufnZ"V fd, x;s 'kh"kZ ¼,d½ ls ¼nl½ rd esa

ls fdlh Hkh 'kh"kZ ds varxZr u vkrh gks; ¼<½ ßx`g fuekZ.k lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slh

lkslkbVh tks bl mn~ns’; ls cukbZ xbZ gks fd

og vius lnL;ksa ds fy, fuokl LFkku dh

O;oLFkk djs(

-5 -

¼<&,d½ ßvkS|ksfxd lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS cqudj]

c<+bZ] /kkrqdeZdkjksa] eksph ;k dksbZ vU;

lkslkbVh ftldk y{; fdlh Hkh izdkj ds

dPps eky ls ifj"dr eky fufeZr djuk gS] ds

fodkl dks laizofrZr djus ds mn~ns’; ls

fojfpr dksbZ lkslkbVh; ¼.k½ ßla;qDr jftLVªkjÞ ls vfHkizsr gS /kkjk 3 ds v/khu

fu;qDr fd;k x;k lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa dk

dksbZ la;qDr jftLVªkj; ¼r½ ßlekidÞ ls vfHkizsr gS] /kkjk 70 ds v/khu fu;qDr

fd;k x;k dksbZ O;fDr; ¼Fk½ ßfoi.ku lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS] dksbZ ,slh

lkslkbVh tks d`f"k mit ;k vU; mit dk

foi.ku djus ds iz;kstu ds fy, cukbZ xbZ gks

vkSj ftlds mn~ns’;ksa esa ,slh mit ds fy,

visf{kr oLrqvksa dk iznk; djuk lfEefyr gksA

¼n½ ßlnL;Þ ls vfHkizsr gS] fdlh lkslkbVh ds

jftLVªhdj.k laca/kh vkosnu esa la;ksftr gksus

okyk dksbZ O;fDr ;k dksbZ ,slk O;fDr ftls

jftLVªhdj.k ds i'pkr~] bl vf/kfu;e rFkk

mu fu;eksa ,oa mifof/k;ksa ds] tks fd ,slh

lkslkbVh dks ykxw gkas] vuqlkj lnL;rk iznku

dj nh xbZ gks vkSj mlds varxZr jkT;

ljdkj] tcfd og fdlh lkslkbVh ds

va’kiwath ds izfr vfHknk; djrh gks] vkrh gS; ¼/k½ ßcgqiz;kstu lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slh

lkslkbVh ftlds mn~ns’;ksa esa mu izkFkfed

mn~ns’;ksa esa ls] tks fd [k.M ¼N%½] ¼<½] ¼Q½

rFkk ¼e½ esa ls fdUgh Hkh nks ;k vf/kd [k.Mksa

esa fofufnZ"V fd, x;s gSa] dksbZ izkFkfed

mn~ns’; lfEefyr gks; ¼u½ ßukeek= dk lnL;Þ ls vfHkizsr gS] dksbZ ,slk

O;fDr ftls /kkjk 20 ds v/khu fdlh lkslkbVh

ds lnL; ds :Ik esa izos’k fn;k x;k gks; ¼u&,d½ ßvf/kdkjhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slk O;fDr

ftls fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk ,slh lkslkbVh ds

fdlh in ij ,slh lkslk;Vh dh mifof/k;ksa ds

vuqlkj fuokZfpr ;k fu;qDr fd;k x;k gks

vkSj mlds vUrxZr dksbZ lHkkifr]

mi&lHkkifr] v/;{k] mik/;{k] izca/k funs'kd]

izca/kd lfpo] dks"kk/;{k] lfefr dk lnL;

rFkk dksbZ ,slk vU; O;fDr] ftls ,slh

-6 -

lkslk;Vh ds dkjksckj ds laca/k esa funsZ'k nsus

ds fy;s bl vf/kfu;e] fu;eksa ;k mifof/k;ksa

ds v/khu fuokZfpr ;k fu;qDr fd;k x;k gks

vkrk gS%

¼i½ ßvU; fiNM+s oxZÞ ls vfHkizsr gS ,sls fiNM+s oxksZa

ds O;fDr;ksa dk izoxZ tks fd jkT; ljdkj

}kjk vf/klwfpr fd;k tk,; ¼i&,d½ ßizkFkfed lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS og

lkslkbVh tks u rks 'kh"kZ lkslkbVh gks vkSj u

dsUnzh; lkslkbVh;

¼i&nks½ ßizkFkfed d`f"k lk[k lgdkjh lkslkbVhÞ ls

vfHkizsr gS ,slh lkslkbVh tks d`f"k mRiknu ds

fy, m/kkj miyC/k djkus ds eq[; mn~ns’; ls

laxfBr dh xbZ gS vkSj mlds vUrxZr

izkFkfed lsok lgdkjh lkslkbVh] d"kd lsok

lgdkjh lkslkbVh] o`gRrkdkj lgdkjh

lkslkbVh vkSj vkfne tkfr lsok lgdkjh

lfefr gS; ¼i&rhsu½ ßizkFkfed lgdkjh cSadÞ ls vfHkizsr gS cSad ds

:Ik esa jftLVªhdr u dh xbZ uxjh; ;k xzke

lalk/ku lkslkbVh ls fHkUu dksbZ lkslkbVh]

ftlds mn~ns’;ksa ds varxZr mlds lnL;ksa dks

m/kkj nh tkus okyh fuf/k;ksa dk l`ftr fd;k

tkuk vkSj mlds lnL;ksa dks fn;s tkus gsrq

ØsfMV vfHkizkIr djuk vkrk gks vkSj tks ;k rks

cSaddkjh fofu;eu vf/kfu;e]1949 ¼1949 dk

la- 10½ ds v/khu vuqKIr gks ;k tks bl izdkj

vuqKIr fd;s tkus rd cSaddkjh dkjksckj djus

ds fy, vuqKkr gS; ¼Q½ ßmRiknd lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slh

lkslkbVh tks eky dk mRiknu rFkk O;;u

vius lnL;ksa dh lkewfgd lEifRr ds :Ik esa

djus ds mn~ns’; ls cukbZ xbZ gS vkSj mlds

vUrxZr dksbZ ,slh lkslkbVh vkrh gS tks mlds

lnL;ksa ds Je ds lkewfgd mi;kstu ds

mn~ns’; ls cukbZ xbZ gS; ¼Ck½ ßizlaLdj.k lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slh

lkslkbVh tks eky dk mRiknu ;kaf=d ;k

'kkjhfjd izfØ;k }kjk djus ds mn~ns’; ls

cukbZ xbZ gks vkSj mlds varxZr dksbZ

vkS|ksfxd lkslkbVh rFkk dksbZ ,slh lkslkbVh]

tks d`f"k mit dk izlaLdj.k djus ds fy,

-7 -

gks] vkrh gS;

¼Hk½ ßjftLVªkjÞ ls vfHkizsr gS /kkjk 3 ds v/khu fu;qDr

fd;k x;k lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa dk jftLVªkj; ¼Hk&,d½ ßizfrfuf/kÞ ls vfHkizsr gS fdlh lkslkbVh dk

dksbZ ,slk lnL; tks ml lkslkbVh dk

izfrfuf/kRo vU; lkslkbVh esa djs; ¼Hk&nks½ ßfjtoZ cSadÞ ls vfHkizsr gS fjtoZ cSad vkWQ

bafM;k ,DV] 1934 ¼Øekad 2 lu~ 1934½ ds

v/khu LFkkfir fd;k x;k fjtoZ cSad vkQ

bafM;k; ¼e½ ßlalk/ku lkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slh

lkslkbVh tks bl mn~ns’; ls cukbZ xbZ gks fd

og vius lnL;ksa ds fy, m/kkj ¼ØsfMV½] eky

;k lsok;sa] tks fd muds }kjk visf{kr gksa]

vfHkizkIr djs vkSj mlds varxZr dksbZ lsok

lkslkbVh rFkk dksbZ izkFkfed lk[k lkslkbVh

vkrh gS; ¼e&,d½ ßfjVfuZax vf/kdkjhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slk

vf/kdkjh ftls jftLVªkj us lk/kkj.k ;k fo’ks"k

vkns’k }kjk bl gsrq fu; qDr fd;k gks fd og

vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa ds

v/khu fjVfuZax vf/kdkjh ds dRrZO;ksa dk ikyu

djs vkSj mlds varxZr fjVfuZax vf/kdkjh ds

v/khuLFk dksbZ ,slk vf/kdkjh vkrk gS] ftls

mlus bl gsrq fyf[kr esa ukefufnZ"V fd;k gks

fd og fjVfuZax vf/kdkjh ds dRrZO;ksa dk

ikyu djs; ¼e&nks½ ßvuqlwfpr {ks=Þ ls vfHkizsr gS og {ks= tks

vuqlwfpr {ks= ¼fcgkj] xqtjkr vkSj mMhlk

jkT;½ vkns’k] 1977 ds v/khu ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k

gS; ¼;½ ßlkslkbVhÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ lgdkjh lkslkbVh

tks bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªhdr gks ;k

jftLVªhdr gqbZ le>h tkrh gks; ¼;&,d½ ßfofufnZ"V inÞ ls vfHkizsr gS fd v/;{k ;k

lHkkifr dk in]

¼d&d½ ßjkT; lgdkjh cSadÞ ls vfHkizsr gS NRrhlx<+

jkT; lgdkjh cSad] e;kZfnr; ¼[k&[k½ ßfo|kFkhZÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slk O;fDr tks

fdlh 'kS{kf.kd] O;olkf;d ;k izf’k{k.k laLFkk

-8 -

esa v/;;u dj jgk gS;

nwljk v/;k; & jftLVªhdj.k

jftLVªkj rFkk

vU; vf/kdkjh-

3- ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj jkT; ds fy, fdlh O;fDr dks lgdkjh

lkslkbfV;ksa dk jftLVªkj fu;qDr djsxh vkSj

fuEufyf[kr izoxksZa ds ,d ;k vf/kd vf/kdkfj;ksa dks

bl gsrq ls fu;qDr dj ldsxh fd os mldh lgk;rk

djsa vFkkZr~ %&

¼d½ lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa dk vij jftLVªkj(

¼[k½ lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa dk la;qDr&jftLVªkj(

¼x½ lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa dk mi&jftLVªkj(

¼?k½ lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa dk lgk;d&jftLVªkj(

¼M-½ vf/kdkfj;ksa ds ,sls vU; izoxZ tks fd fofgr fd,

tk,WA

¼2½ jftLVªkj dh lgk;rk djus ds fy, fu;qDr fd, x,

vf/kdkjh bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k mlds v/khu

jftLVªkj dks iznRr dh xbZ ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk rFkk bl

vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k mlds v/khu jftLVªkj ij

vf/kjksfir fd, x, ,sls dRrZO;ksa dk] tSlk fd jkT;

ljdkj] fo’ks"k ;k lk/kkj.k vkns’k }kjk] funsZ’k ns]

iz;ksx rFkk ikyu ,sls {ks=ksa ds Hkhrj djsaxs tSls fd

jkT; ljdkj fofufnZ"V djs %

ijUrq vij jftLVªkj ;k la;qDr jftLVªkj ls

fHkUu fdlh Hkh vf/kdkjh dks bl ckr ds fy,

fofufnZ"V ugha fd;k tk;sxk fd og /kkjk 78 ds v/khu

vihyksa dks lquokbZ djus dh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djsaA

¼3½ jftLVªkj dh lgk;rk djus ds fy, fu;qDr fd;s x;s

vf/kdkjh jftLVªkj ds v/khuLFk gksaxs vkSj mlds

lk/kkj.k ekxZn’kZu] i;Zos{k.k rFkk fu;a=.k ds v/khu

dk;Z djsaxs-

lkslkbfV;ka tks

jftLVªhd`r dh

tk ldasxh-

4- bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,] fdlh

Hkh ,slh lkslkbVh dks] ftldk fd mn~ns’; vius

lnL;ksa ds vkfFkZd fgr ;k muds lk/kkj.k dY;k.k dks

lgdkjh fl)kUrkas ds vuqlkj laizofrZr djuk gks] ;k

fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh dks] tks fd fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh

dh lafØ;kvksa dks lqdj cukus ds mn~ns’; ls LFkkfir

dh xbZ gks] bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªhdr fd;k

tk ldsxk-

ifjlhfer ;k

vifjlhfer

nkf;Ro lfgr

lkslkbfV;ksa dk

5- dksbZ lkslkbVh ifjlhfer ;k vifjlhfer nkf;Ro

lfgr jftLVªhdr dh tk ldsxh%

ijUrq tc rd fd jkT; ljdkj] lk/kkj.k ;k

fo’ks"k vkns’k }kjk] vU;Fkk funsZf’kr u djs] fdlh ,slh

-9 -

jftLVªhdj.k- lkslkbVh dk] ftldh dh lnL; dksbZ vU; lkslkbVh

gks] nkf;Ro ifjlhfer gksxk-

jftLVªhdj.k

dh 'krsZa-

6- ¼1½ ftl lkslkbVh dh lnL; dksbZ vU; lkslkbVh gks ml

lkslkbVh ls fHkUu dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh bl vf/kfu;e ds

v/khu jftLVªhd`r ugha dh tk;sxh ;fn og de ls

de ,sls chl O;fDr;ksa ls feydj u cuh gks] tks

Hkkjrh; lafonk vf/kfu;e] 1872 ¼ Øekad 9 lu~ 1872½

dh /kkjk 11 ds v/khu lafonk djus ds fy, l{ke gksa

rFkk tks fudV ds ukrsnkj u gksdj chl fHkUu&fHkUu

dqVqEcksa ds gksa] vkSj ml n’kk esa tcfd lkslkbVh ds

mn~ns’;ksa esa mlds lnL;ksa dks m/kkj nh tkus okyh

fuf/k;ksa dk l`ftr fd;k tkuk lfEefyr gks] bl

vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªhdr ugha dh tk;sxh ;fn

,sls O;fDr] ml n’kk esa ds flok; tcfd jftLVªkj

lk/kkj.k ;k fo’ks"k vkns’k }kjk vU;Fkk funsZ’k ns] mlh

uxj ;k xzke esa ;k xzkeksa ds fdlh lewg esa fuokl u

djrs gksa%

ijUrq vuU;r% fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds Qk;ns ds fy;s

cukbZ xbZ dksbZ lkslkbVh bl ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh

jftLVªhdr dh tk ldsxh fd ,slh lkslkbVh ds

lnL;ksa us ml fof/k] ftlds fd v/;/khu os gS] ds

vuqlkj O;Ldrk dh vk;q izkIr ugha dh gS%

ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd jftLVªkj U;wure lnL;rk

dh 'krZ dks] ,slh lkslkbVh ds fy,] tks fdlh

laxBu@ LFkkiuk ds deZpkfj;ksa ds dY;k.k ds fy,

laxfBr dh xbZ] f’kfFky dj ldsxk%

ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd fdlh izkFkfed lkslkbVh

dh n’kk esa jftLVªhdj.k ds le; de ls de 33

izfr’kr efgyk lnL; gksaxh%

ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd jftLVªkj] i;kZIr dkj.kksa

ls efgyk lnL;ksa dh fofgr izfr’krrk dh 'krksZa dks

f’kfFky dj ldsxk-

¼2½ 'kCn ßifjlhferÞ ;k fdlh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk esa mldk

i;kZ; izR;sd ,slh lkslkbVh ds] tks fd bl vf/kfu;e

ds v/khu ifjlhfer nkf;Ro lfgr jftLVªhd`r dh xbZ

gks] uke esa vfUre 'kCn gksxk-

jftLVªhdj.k ds

fy, vkosnu-

7- ¼1½ jftLVªhdj.k ds iz;kstuksa ds fy,] fdlh lkslkbVh dks

jftLVªhdr djus ds fy, vkosnu fofgr izk:Ik esa

jftLVªkj dks fd;k tk;sxk vkSj mlds lkFk lkslkbVh

dh izLFkkfir mifof/k;ksa dh pkj&pkj izfrfyfi;ka

layXu gksaxh- og O;fDr] ftlds }kjk ;k ftldh vksj

ls ,slk vkosnu fd;k tk;] lkslkbVh ds ckjs esa ,slh

-10 -

tkudkjh nsxk tSlh fd jftLVªkj visf{kr djs-

¼2½ vkosnu]&

¼d½ fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh dh n’kk esa] ftldh fd

lnL; dksbZ vU; lkslkbVh u gks] de ls de

nl ,sls O;fDr;ksa }kjk] tks /kkjk 6 dh

vis{kkvksa ds vuqlkj vfgZr gksa( vkSj

¼[k½ fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh dh n’kk esa] ftldh fd

lnL; dksbZ jftLVªhd`r lkslkbVh gks] izR;sd

,slh jftLVªhdr lkslkbVh dh vksj ls fdlh

,sls O;fDr }kjk] tks lE;d:is.k izkf/kdr

fd;k x;k gks] vkSj tgka ml lkslkbVh ds

leLr lnL; jftLVªhdr lkslkbfV;ka u gksa]

ogka nl vU; lnL;ksa }kjk ;k] tc vU;

lnL; nl ls de gksa] rks mu lcds }kjk(

gLrk{kfjr fd;k tk;sxk-

dfri; iz’uksa

dks fofuf’pr

djus dh

jftLVªkj dh

'kfDr-

8- tgka fdlh lkslkbVh ds cuk;s tkus] mldk

jftLVªhdj.k fd;k tkus ;k mlds cus jgus ds laca/k

esa ;k fdlh O;fDr dks fdlh lkslkbVh ds lnL; ds

:Ik esa Lohd`r fd;s tkus ds laca/k esa dksbZ ,slk iz’u

mn~Hkwr gks fd dksbZ O;fDr d"kd gS ;k ugha vFkok

dksbZ O;fDr fdlh fof’k"V {ks= esa fuokl djrk gS ;k

ugha vFkok dksbZ O;fDr fdlh fof’k"V oxZ ;k

mithfodk ls lacaf/kr gS ;k ugha vFkok tgka fdlh

lkslkbVh dk lnL; cuus ds fy;s fdlh O;fDr dh

ik=rk ds laca/k esa ,slk gh dksbZ vU; iz’u mn~Hkwr gks]

ogka ,slk iz’u jftLVªkj }kjk fofuf’pr fd;k tk;sxk

vkSj mldk fofu’p; vfUre gksxk-

jftLVªhdj.k- 9- ¼1½ ;fn jftLVªkj dk lek/kku gks tk; fd fdlh lkslkbVh

us bl vf/kfu;e rFkk fu;eksa ds micU/kksa dk vuqikyu

fd;k gS vkSj ;g fd mldh izLFkkfir mifof/k;ka bl

vf/kfu;e ;k fu;eksa ds izfrdwy ugha gSa] rks og ml

lkslkbVh dks jftLVªhd`r dj ldsxk(

ijUrq fdlh lkslkbVh dks jftLVªhd`r ugha

fd;k tk;xk ;fn] jftLVªkj dh jk; esa] mlds vkfFkZd

n`f"V ls detksj gks tkus dh laHkkouk gks ;k ;g

laHkkouk gks fd mldk fdlh vU; lkslkbVh ij

izfrdwy izHkko iMs+xk

¼2½ tgka jftLVªkj fdlh lkslkbVh dks ;k mldh

mifof/k;ksa dks jftLVªhdr djus ls badkj dj nsrk gS]

ogka og badkj laca/kh vkns’k ml badkj ds dkj.kk sa

lfgr vkosnu ds izFke gLrk{kjdrkZ dks lalwfpr

-11 -

djsxk-

¼3½ jftLVªkj fdlh lkslkbVh ds jftLVªhdj.k ds fy,

vkosnu izkIr gksus dh rkjh[k ls uCcs fnu ds Hkhrj

fofu'p; djsxk %

ijUrq ;fn jftLVªkj iwoksZDr dkykof/k ds Hkhrj

,sls vkosnu dk fuiVkjk djus esa vlQy jgrk gS rks

og ,slh dkykof/k dk volku gksus dh rkjh[k ls

iUnzg fnu ds Hkhrj ,sls vkosnu dks vxys mPp

vf/kdkjh dks vkSj tgka jftLVªkj Lo;a jftLVªhdj.k

vf/kdkjh gS] ogka jkT; ljdkj dks funsZf'kr djsxk]

;FkkfLFkfr tks ;k ftlds }kjk] vkosnu izkIr gksus dh

rkjh[k ls nks ekl ds Hkhrj vkosnu fuiVkjk fd;k

tk,xk vkSj ;FkkfLFkfr] ,sls mPp vf/kdkjh ;k jkT;

ljdkj }kjk ml dkykof/k ds Hkhrj vkosnu dk

fuiVkjk djus esa vlQy jgus ij lkslkbVh vkSj

mldh mifof/k;ka jftLVªhd`r dj nh xbZ le>h

tk,xhA

¼4½ jftLVªkj] bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªhdr

lkslkbfV;ksa dk ,d jftLVj j[ksxk-

lkslkbfV;ksa dk

oxhZdj.k-

10- ¼1½ jftLVªkj leLr lkslkbfV;ksa dk oxhZdj.k fuEufyf[kr

,d ;k vf/kd 'kh"kksZa ds v/khu djsxk] vFkkZr~ %&

¼,d½ miHkksDrk lkslkbVh;

¼nks½ d`f"k deZ lkslkbVh; ¼rhu½ la?kh; lks;k;Vh

¼pkj½ dsUnzh; lks;k;Vh

¼ikap½ x`g fuekZ.k lkslkbVh;

¼Ng½ foi.ku lkslkbVh;

¼lkr½ cgqiz;kstu lkslkbVh;

¼vkB½ mRiknd lkslkbVh;

¼ukS½ izlaLdj.k lkslkbVh;

¼nl½ lalk/ku lkslkbVh; ¼X;kjg½ lk/kkj.k lkslkbVh(

¼ckjg½ vkS|ksfxd lkslkbVh

ijUrq fdlh fof’k"V oxZ dh lkslkbfV;ksa dh

lafØ;k dks lqdj cukus ds mn~ns’; ls cukbZ xbZ

lkslkbVh ml oxZ dh lkslkbVh ds :Ik esa oxhZd`r dh

tk;sxh-

-12 -

¼1&d½ jftLVªkj mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fofufnZ"V fd;s x;s 'kh"kksZa eas ls

fdlh 'kh"kZ ds v/khu vkus okyh lkslkbfV;ksa dk

fuEufyf[kr 'kh"kksZa ds v/khu vkSj Hkh oxhZdj.k dj

ldsxk] vFkkZr~~ %&

¼d½ 'kh"kZ lkslkbVh(

¼[k½ dsUnzh; lkslkbVh(

¼x½ izkFkfed lkslkbVh%

¼2½ jftLVªkj] ys[kc) fd;s tkus okys dkj.kksa ls] fdlh

lkslkbVh ds oxhZdj.k dks ,d 'kh"kZ ls nwljs 'kh"kZ esa

ifjofrZr dj ldsxk-

¼3½ lkslkbfV;ksa ds oxhZdj.k ds ckjs esa jftLVªkj dk

fofu’p; vfUre gksxk-

lkslkbVh dh

mifof/k;ksa dk

la’kks/ku-

11- ¼1½ fdlh lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa dk dksbZ Hkh la’kks/ku rc

rd fof/kekU; ugha gksxk tc rd fd bl vf/kfu;e

ds v/khu jftLVj esa ntZ u fd;k x;k gks] ftl

iz;kstu ds fy;s ml izLrkfor la’kks/ku dh pkj izfr;ka

fofgr jhfr esa jftLVªkj dks Hksth tk,xh-

¼2½ ;fn jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kku gks tk; fd izLrkfor

la’kks/ku bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk;s x,

fu;eksa ds izfrdwy ugha gS rFkk lkslkbVh ds y{;ksa rFkk

mn~ns’;ksa ds ;k mldh fo|eku mifof/k;ksa esa ls fdlh

Hkh mifof/k ds izfrdwy ugha gS rks og ml la’kks/ku dks

jftLVj esa ntZ dj ldsxk-

¼3½ jftLVªkj vkosnd lkslkbVh dks lquokbZ dk volj fn,

fcuk mifof/k;ksa ds fdlh la’kks/ku dks jftLVj esa ntZ

djus ls badkj ugha djsxk- ;fn og fdlh la’kks/ku dks

jftLVj esa ntZ djus ls badkj djus dk fofu’p;

djrk gS rks og badkj laca/kh vkns’k ml badkj ds

dkj.kksa lfgr izLrko izkIr gksus dh rkjh[k ls iSarkfyl

fnu ds Hkhrj lkslkbVh dks lalwfpr djsxk %

ijUrq ;fn jftLVªkj] iwoksZDr dkykof/k ds Hkhrj

,sls vkosnu dk fuiVkjk djus esa vlQy jgrk gS rks

og ,slh dkykof/k dk volku gksus dh rkjh[k ls ianzg

fnu ds Hkhrj ,sls vkosnu dks vxys mPp vf/kdkjh

dks] vkSj tgka jftLVªkj Lo;a jftLVªhdj.k vf/kdkjh gS]

ogka jkT; ljdkj dks funsZf’kr djsxk] ;FkkfLFkfr tks

;k ftlds }kjk] vkosnu izkIr gksus dh rkjh[k ls nks

ekl ds Hkhrj fuiVkjk fd;k tk,xk vkSj ;FkkfLFkfr

,sls mPp vf/kdkjh ;k jkT; ljdkj }kjk ml

dkykof/k ds Hkhrj vkosnu dk fuiVkjk djus esa

vlQy jgus ij mifof/k;ksa dk la’kks/ku jftLVªhd`r

dj fn;k x;k le>k tk,xk-

-13 -

mifof/k;ksa ds

la’kks/ku ds fy,

funsZ’k nsus dh

'kfDr-

12- ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k fu;eksa ;k mifof/k;ksa esa varfoZ"V

fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] lkslkbVh ds ipkl izfr’kr

ls vf/kd lnL;ksa ds vuqjks/k ij ;k ;fn jftLVªkj ;g

le>rk gS fd fdlh lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa esa dksbZ

la’kks/ku fd;k tkuk ,slh lkslkbVh ds fgr esa vko’;d

;k okaNuh; gS] rks og] ml lkslkbVh ij fofgr jhfr

esa rkehy fd, tkus okys fyf[kr vkns’k }kjk] ml

lkslkbVh ls ;g vis{kk dj ldsxk fd og lkB fnu

ds Hkhrj] ,slk la’kks/ku djs-

¼2½ ;fn og lkslkbVh] jftLVªkj }kjk fofufnZ"V le; ds

Hkhrj la’kks/ku djus esa vlQy jgrh gS rks jftLVªkj]

ml lkslkbVh dks lquokbZ dk volj nsus ds i'pkr~

vkSj ,slh 'kh"kZ@la?kh; lkslkbVh dh] tks jkT; ljdkj

}kjk vf/klwfpr dh tk,] jk; eakxus ds i'pkr~] ,slk

la’kks/ku jftLVj dj ldsxk vkSj mldh ,d izekf.kr

izfr ,slh lkslkbVh dks tkjh dj ldsxk(

ijUrq bl /kkjk ds mica/k uxjh; lgdkjh cSadksa

ds ekeys esa ykxw ugha gksaxs-

uke dh

rCnhyh-

13- dksbZ lkslkbVh] viuh mifof/k;ksa esa la’kks/ku djds]

viuk uke rCnhy dj ldsxh] fdUrq ,slh rCnhyh ml

lkslkbVh ds ;k mlds lnL;ksa esa ls fdlh lnL; ds]

;k HkwriwoZ lnL;ksa ds] ;k er lnL;ksa ds fdlh

vf/kdkj ;k mudh fdlh ck/;rk ij dksbZ izHkko ugha

Mkysxh ;k ,slh rCnhyh ml lkslkbVh }kjk ;k mlds

fo:} fdUgha fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ksa dks =qfViw.kZ ugha

cuk;sxh] vkSj dksbZ Hkh ,slh fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ka] tks

ml lkslkbVh }kjk ;k mlds fo:} mlds iwoZorhZ uke

ls tkjh j[kh tk ldrh gksa ;k izkjaHk dh tk ldrh

gksa] mlds uohu uke ls mlh izdkj tkjh j[kh tk;sxh

;k izkjaHk dh tk;sxh-

dfri; izek.k

i=ksa dk

fu’pk;d lk{;

gksuk-

14- ¼1½ tgka dksbZ lkslkbVh bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu

jftLVªhdr dh tkrh gS ;k jftLVªhd`r dh x;h le>h

tkrh gS] ogka jftLVªkj vius gLrk{kj ls ,d

jftLVªhdj.k izek.k&i= tkjh djsxk vkSj ,slk

izek.k&i= bl ckr dk fd mlesa of.kZr lkslkbVh

lE;d:is.k jftLVªhd`r gS] fu’pk;d lk{; gksxk tc

rd fd ;g u lkfcr dj fn;k tk, fd ml

lkslkbVh dk jftLVªhdj.k ckn esa jn~n dj fn;k x;k

gS%

ijUrq tgka dksbZ lkslk;Vh bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu

jftLVªhdr dh x;h le>h tkrh gS] ogka jftLVªkj

mlds jftLVªhd`r fd;s x;s le>s tkus dh rkjh[k ls

lkB fnu ds Hkhrj jftLVªhdj.k izek.k&i= tkjh

djsxkA

-14 -

¼2½ dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh rc rd dkjksckj izkjaHk ugha djsxh

tc rd fd mlus mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu jftLVªhdj.k

dk izek.k&i= vfHkizkIr u dj fy;k gks vkSj ,slh

lkslkbVh dk izR;sd ,slk lnL;] tks bl mi/kkjk ds

mYya?ku esa dkjckj dj jgk gS] ,sls dkjckj esa mixr

fd;s x;s leLr nkf;Roksa ds fy;s i`Fkd~&iFkd~ nk;h gksxk-

¼3½ tc jftLVªkj fdlh lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa ds fdlh

la’kks/ku dks /kkjk 11 ;k /kkjk 12 ds v/khu jftLVj esa

ntZ djrk gS] rks og] ml la’kks/ku dh] tks mlds }kjk

jftLVj esa ntZ fd;k x;k gks] ,d izfrfyfi ml

lkslkbVh dks nsxk tks fd bl ckr dk fu’pk;d lk{;

gksxh fd og la’kks/ku jftLVj esa lE;d~:is.k ntZ dj

fy;k x;k gS-

¼4½ tgka dksbZ lkslkbVh viuk uke /kkjk 13 ds v/khu

rCnhy djrh gS] ogka jftLVªkj jftLVªhdj.k

izek.k&i= dks rnkuqlkj la’kksf/kr djsxk tks fd bl

ckr dk fu’pk;d lk{; gksxk fd uke dh og rCnhyh

jftLVj esa lE;d~:is.k ntZ dj yh xbZ gS-

lkslkbVh ds

nkf;Ro dk

ifjlhfer ls

vifjlhfer esa ;k

vifjlhfer ls

ifjlhfer esa

rCnhy fd;k

tkuk-

15- ¼1½ /kkjk 11 ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,] dksbZ

lkslkbVh viuh mifof/k;ksa esa la’kks/ku djds vius

nkf;Ro dks ifjlhfer ls vifjlhfer esa ;k

vifjlhfer ls ifjlhfer esa rCnhy dj ldsxh-

¼2½ dksbZ ,slk la’kks/ku jftLVªkj }kjk rc rd jftLVj esa

ntZ ugh fd;k tk;sxk] tc rd fd mldk ;g

lek/kku u gks tk; fd-&

¼,d½ lkslkbVh ds izR;sd lnL; dks rFkk fdlh

,sls O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa ds oxZ dks] ftlds

fgr ij] jftLVªkj dh jk; esa] ml rCnhyh

dk izHkko iM+ ldrk gS] bDdhl fnu dh

lwpuk nh tk pqdh gS( vkSj

¼nks½ izR;sd ,sls lnL; ;k O;fDr ds ekeys esa

tks] jftLVªkj dh jk; es] lwpuk ikus dk

gdnkj gS]&

¼d½ ml rCnhyh ds fy;s ;k rks mldh

vuqefr vfHkizkIr dj yh xbZ gS ;k

lwpuk dh rkjh[k ls bDdhl fnu ds

Hkhrj mlds }kjk vkifRr u fd;s

tkus ds vk/kkj ij vfHkizkIr gks xbZ

le>h tkrh gS(

-15 -

¼[k½ ;fn mlus vkifRr dh gS] rks&

¼,d½ml n’kk esa] tcfd og lnL;

gS] ;g vuqKk ns nh xbZ gS fd

og viuk va’k okil ys ys( ;k

¼nks½ ml n’kk es] tcfd og ysunkj

gS] vkifRr izkIr gksus dh rkjh[k

ls rhu ekl ds Hkhrj mlds

_.k ;k nkos dks jftLVªkj ds

lek/kkuizn :Ik esa mUeksfpr dj

fn;k x;k gS ;k lekIr dj

fn;k gS ;k izfrHkwr dj fn;k

x;k gS%

ijUrq jftLVªkj] fdlh O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa ds

oxZ dh n’kk esa bl mi/kkjk }kjk visf{kr dh xbZ

lwpuk fn;s tkus ls vfHkeqfDr vfHkfyf[kr fd;s tkus

okys fo’ks"k dkj.kksa ls iznku dj ldsxk-

lkslkbfV;ksa dk

iquxZBu-

16- ¼1½ bl /kkjk esa &

¼d½ ^^izHkkfor lkslkbVh** ls vfHkiszr gS dksbZ ,slh

lkslkbVh tks mi/kkjk ¼2½ esa fofufnZ"V dh xbZ

jhfr;ksa esa ls fdlh Hkh jhfr esa Lo;a dk

iquZcBu djus dk fofu'p; djrh gS % vkSj

¼[k½ ^^ifj.kkeh lkslkbVh** ls vfHkiszr dksbZ mslh

lkslkbVh &&

¼,d½ tks mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds [k.M ¼d½ ds v/khu

lekesyu ds ifj.kkeLo:i cuh gks ;k

¼nks½ ftldks fd izHkkfor lkslkbfV;ksa dh vkfLr;ksa

rFkk muds nkf;Ro mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds [k.M ¼[k½

ds v/khu iw.kZr% ;k Hkkxr% varfjr fd;s x;s

gks% ;k

¼rhu½ tks mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds [k.M ¼x½ ds v/khu

foHkktu ds ifj.kkeLo:i cuh gks% ;k

¼pkj½ tks mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds [k.M ¼?k½ esa ;Fkk micaf?kr

oxZ dh rCnhyh ds ifj.kkeLo:i cuh gksaA

¼2½ dksbZ lkslkbVh &

¼d½ Lo;a dks fdlh vU; lkslkbVh ds lkFk lekesfyr

djds %;k

¼[k½ viuh vkfLr;ksa rFkk nkf;Roksa dks fdlh vU;

lkslkbVh dks iw.kZr% ;k Hkkxr varfjr djds %;k

¼x½ Lo;a dks nks lk vf/kd lkslkbfV;ks esa foHkkftr

-16 -

djds% ;k

¼?k½ Lo;a dks fdlh ,sl oxZ dh lkslkbVh ds ftldk

fd mnns'; lkslkbVh ds ml oxZ ls rRor% fHkUu

gks] ftlds fd v/khu mldk oxhZdj.k bl

vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fd;k x;k gS] :i esa

laifjofrZr djds] Lo;a dks iwuxZfBr djus dk

fofu'p; ml iz;kstu ds fy, vk;ksftr fd;s x;s

fo'ks"k lk/kkj.k lfEeyu esa mifLFkr rFkk ernku

djus okys lnL;ksa ds nks frgkbZ cgqer ls ikfjr

fd;s x;s ladYi }kjk dj ldsxhA

ijUrq dksbZ Hkh ,slk fofu'p; rc rd izHkk'khy

ugha gksxk] tc rd fd jftLVªkj }kjk mldk vuqeksnu

u dj fn;k tk,%

ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd fdlh lgdkjh cSad ds

ekeys esa jftLVªkj viuk vuqeksnu fjtoZ cSad dh

fyf[kr iwoZ earwjh ls gh nsxk vU;Fkk ughA

¼3½ mi/kkjk¼2½ esa varfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] tgka

jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kku gks tk, fd yksdfgr esa ;k

izHkkfor lkslkbfV;ksa ds lnL;ksa d fgr esa ;g

vR;ko';d gS ;k fdlh lkslkbVh ds mfpr izca/k dks

lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, ;g vko';d gS] rks og ;g

funsZ'k ns ldsxk fd dksbZ lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ks

mi/kkjk ¼2½ esa minf'kZr dh xbZ jhfr;ksa esa ls fdlh Hkh

,d ;k vf/kd jhfr;ksa esa Lo;a dks iquxZfBr djs@djs %

ijaUrq fdlh lgdkjh cSad ds ekeys esa jftLVªkj

dksbZ funsZ'k fjtoZ cSad dh fyf[kr iwoZ eatwjh ls gh

tkjh djsxk vU;Fkk ugha%

ijaUrq ;g vkSj Hkh ds bl /kkjk ds v/khu

jftLVªkj }kjk vafre vkns'k fn;k tkus ds iwoZ] lacaf/kr

izR;sd lkslkbVh dks iquZxBu dh izLFkkiukvksa ij viuh

jk; vfHkO;Dr djus dk volj fn;k tk,xkA

¼4½ ;FkkfLFkfr mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu fofu'p; ;k mi/kkjk

¼3½ ds v/khu jftLVªkj ds funsZ'k ds vuqlkj fdlh

lkslkbVh ds iquZxBu dh izfdz;k ,slh gksxh] tSlh fd

fofgr dh tk,A

¼5½ ;fn mi/kkjk ¼2½ ;k ¼3½ ds v/khu ds fdlh ,sls

iquxZBu ls fdlh O;fDr ds fgrks ij fdlh Hkh jhfr esa

izHkko iM+uk laHkkO; gks rks mldh ¼,sls iquZxBu dh½

lwpuk ,sls leLr O;fDr;ksa dks nh tk,xh vksj izR;ssd

,sl O;fDr dks ;g fodYi fn;k tk,xk fd og ;k rks

-17 -

ifj.kkeh lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ksa dk lnL; cu tk,

vFkok izHkkfor lkslkbVh ds laca/k esa ;FkkfLFkfr vius

va'k ;k fgr ;k 'kks/;ksa ds lank; dh ekax djs] vkSj

bl fodYi dk iz;ksx ,slh lwpuk ds tkjh gksus dh

rkjh[k ls ,d ekl ds Hkhrj fd;k tk,xkA

¼6½ dksbZ Hkh iquxZBu rc rd vafre ugh gksxk] tc rd

fd izR;sd ,sls O;fDr dks ftlds fd fgr ij izHkko

iM+uk laHkkO; gS] vuqefr vfHkizkIr u dj yh xbZ gks

;k mls fn;s x;s fodYi dk mlds }kjk iz;ksx u fd;s

tkus ds vlk/kkj ij vfHkizkIr gks xbZ u le>h tkrh

gks vkSj blds vfrfjDr] tc rd fd mu O;fDr;ksa ds

ftUgksus mi/kkjk ¼5½ ds v/khu vius va'kksa ;k fgrksa ;k

'kks/;ksaa ds lank; dh ekax djus ds fodYi dk iz;ksx

fd;k gks] leLr nkoksa dh iw.kZr% iwfrZ u nh xbZ gksA

¼7½ bl /kkjk ds v/khu izR;sd ifj.kkeh lkslkbVh dk xBu]

mldh lEifRr 'kfDr;ka vf/kdkj] fgr izkf/kdkj

dRrZO; rFkk ck/;rk, ,slh gksxh tSlk fd iquZxBu dh

Ldhe esa fofufnZ"V fd;k tk, vkSj iquxZBu dh izR;sd

Ldzhe esa ,sls ikfj.kfed] vkuq"kafxd rFkk vuqiwjd

mica/k gksxsa tSls fd jftLVªkj dh jk; esa ,slh ;kstuk

dks dk;kZofUr djus ds fy, vko';d gksA

¼8½ laifRr varj.k vf/kfu;e 1882 ¼1882 dk vf/kfu;e

la- 4½ ;k Hkkjrh; jftLVªhdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1908 ¼1908

dk vf/kfu;e la- 16½ esa varfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs

gq, Hkh fdlh lkslkbVh dk dksbZ ,slk ladYi] tks

jftLVªkj }kjk mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu vuqeksfnr dj

fn;k x;k gks ;k dksbZ ,slk vkns'k] tks jftLVªkj }kjk

mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu ikfjr fd;k x;k gks izR;sd

izHkkfor lkslk;Vh dh vfLr;kss rFkk nkf;Roksa dks

lacaf/kr ifj.kkeh lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ksa esa fufgr

djus ds fy, Ik;kZIr gLrkraj.k gksxk vkSj ,slk fufgr

fd;k tkuk iquZxBu ds Ldhe ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu

jgrs gw, gh gksxkA

¼9½ lkslkbfV;ksa ds iquxZBu dk ifj.kkeh lkslkbVh ;k

lkslkbfV;ksa ds fdlh vf/kdkj ;k ck/;rk ij fdlh Hkh

jhfr esa dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+sxk ;k ,slk iquxZBu ml

lkslkbVh ;k mu lkslkbfV;ksa }kjk vFkok mlds ;k

muds fo:} fdUgha fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ksa dks =qfViw.kZ

ugha cuk;sxk vkSj dksbZ Hkh ,slh fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ka] tks

fd iquxZBu ds iwoZ ;FkkfLFkfr ml lkslkbVh ;k mu

lkslkbfV;ksa }kjk vFkok mlds ;k muds fo:) pkyw

-18 -

j[kh tk ldrh Fkha ;k izkjEHk dh tk ldrh Fkha]

ifj.kkeh lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ksa }kjk vFkok mlds

;k muds fo:) pkyw j[kh tk ldsxh ;k izkjEHk dh

tk ldsaxh-

¼10½

tgka dksbZ nks ;k vf/kd lkslkbfV;ka lekesfyr dh xbZ

gks ;k dksbZ lkslkbVh foHkkftr ;k laifjofrZr dh xbZ

gks] ogka ,slh lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ksa ds jftLVªhdj.k

ds laca/k esa ;g le>k tk,xk fd og lekesfyr

lkslkbVh ds ;k laifjofrZr lkslkbVh ds ;k mu uohu

lkslkbfV;ks ds ftuesa fd og lkslkbVh foHkkftr dh

xbZ gS jftLVªhdj.k dh rkjh[k dks jn~n dj fn;k x;k

gSA

¼11½ tgka fdlh fodkl cSad dks fdlh dsUnzh; cSad ds lkFk

lekesfyr djds iquxZfBr fd;k tkrk gks ogka ml

lekesfyr cSad dks ml fodkl cSad ds dkjckj laca/kh

mu leLr laO;ogkjksa ds laca/k esa] tks ds ,sls

lekesyu ij vkSj mlds Ik'pkr fd;s tkus gS fodkl

cSadks ls lacaf/kr rRle; izo`RRk fof/k ds varxZr fodkl

cSad le>kk tk,xkA

Li"Vhdj.k-& bl /kkjk ds iz;kstu ds fy,] ßdsUnzh;

cSadÞ ls vfHkizsr gS dksbZ ,slh lkslkbVh ftlds uke ds

Hkkx ds :Ik esa 'kCn ßdsUnzh; cSadÞ ;k ßftyk cSadÞ tqMs+

gq, gksa vkSj ftldk eq[; mn~ns’; mu lkslkbfV;ksa dk]

tks fd mldh lnL; gksa] vkSj fdlh fofufnZ"V {ks= ds

Hkhrj fLFkr gksa] foRriks"k.k djuk gks-

¼12½ ,sls iquZxBu dh izR;sd Ldhe loZlk/kkj.k dh

tkudkjh ds fy, jkti= esa izdkf'kr dh tk,xhA

lkslkbfV;ksa }kjk

lg;ksx-

16¼d½ dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh fdlh Hkh lgdkjh] fdlh Hkh ljdkj

ds miØe ;k jkT; ljdkj }kjk vuqeksfnr fdlh

miØe ds lkFk fdlh fo’ks"k dkjckj ds fy,] ftlesa

vkS|ksfxd fofu/kku] foRrh; lgk;rk ;k foi.ku vkSj

izca/ku fo’ks"kKrk lfEefyr gS] lg;ksx dj ldsxh-

lkslkbfV;ksa dh

Hkkxhnkjh-

16¼[k½ dksbZ Hkh nks ;k vf/kd lkslkbfV;ka ,slh izR;sd

lkslkbVh ds lk/kkj.k lfEeyu esa mifLFkr vkSj er

nsus okys lnL;ksa ds cgqer ls ikfjr ladYi }kjk]

mifof/k;ksa ds v/khu fdlh Hkh vuqKs; fof’k"V dkjckj

esa Hkkxhnkjh dh lafonk ,sls fucU/ku rFkk 'krksZa ij tks

fd ikjLifjd :Ik ls djkj ik, tk,a dj ldsxh] tgka

bl izdkj dh Hkkxhnkjh dksbZ u;k laxBu cukus dh

-19 -

vis{kk djrh gS] ogka Hkkx ysus okyh lkslkbfV;ka mldh

lnL; gksaxh-

yksd fgr esa

iquxZBu ;kstuk

cukus dh jkT;

ljdkj dh

'kfDr-

16¼x½ ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa esa

vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] ;fn jkT; ljdkj

dk] jftLVªkj ls fjiksVZ izkIr gksus ij ;k vU;Fkk ;g

lek/kku gks tkrk gS fd yksdfgr esa fodkl dk;ZØeksa

ds leqfpr dk;kZUo;u lqfuf’pr djus ds iz;kstu ds

fy, fdlh lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ksa dk iquxZBu fd;k

tkuk vko’;d gS] rks jkT; ljdkj] ,slh iquxZBu

Ldhe cuk ldsxh tSlh fd og vko’;d le>s vkSj

mijksDr Ldhe dks dk;kZfUor djus ds fy, vkns’k

tkjh dj ldsxh-

ijUrq ;g Hkh fd] fdlh lgdkjh cSad ds ekeys

esa] fjtoZ cSaad dh fyf[kr iwoZ eatwjh vko’;d gksxh-

¼2½ iquxZBu Ldhe esa fuEufyf[kr ds laca/k esa micU/k gksaxs

%&

¼d½ iquxZBu dh jhfr(

¼[k½ iquxZBu dh izfØ;k(

¼x½ lnL;rk] jftLVªs’ku] izca/k] vkfLr;ka vkSj nkf;Ro]

'kfDr;ka] vf/kdkj] fgr] drZO;] deZpkjho`Un ,slh

lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ksa dh lsok dh 'krsZa tks

iquxZBu ds Ik’pkr~ cuk, x, gksa(

¼?k½ ,sls vU; ikfj.kkfed] vkuq"kkafxd vkSj vuqiwjd

mica/k tSlk fd vko’;d gks(

¼M-½ vU; ,sls fo"k; tSlk fd jkT; ljdkj }kjk

vko’;d le>s tk,a-

¼3½ jkT; ljdkj mi&/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu tkjh fdUgha

vkns’kksa ;k cukbZ xbZ fdlh iquxZBu Ldhe dks

mikUrfjr ;k fujLr dj ldsxh-

¼4½ izR;sd iquxZBu Ldhe ds laca/k esa mica/k vkSj jkT;

ljdkj }kjk tkjh vkns’k fgrc) i{kdkjksa ij

vkc)dj gksaxs-

¼5½ ,sls iquxZBu dh izR;sd Ldhe loZlk/kkj.k dh

tkudkjh ds fy, jkti= esa izdkf’kr dh tk;sxh-

nkf;Roksa ds

izfrlank; ds

fy;s le>kSrk ;k

Bgjko rFkk

lkslkbfV;ksa dk

iqufuZekZ.k-

17- ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa esa

vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh tgka &

¼d½ fdlh lkslkbVh rFkk mlds ysunkjksa ;k

muds fdlh oxZ d]s vkSj

¼[k½ fdlh lkslkbVh rFkk mlds lnL;ksa ds chp

fdlh le>kSrs ;k Bgjko dh izLFkkiuk dh

tk;s] ogka jftLVªkj ml lkslkbVh ds ;k

ml lkslkbVh ds fdlh lnL; ds ;k

mlds fdlh ysunkj ds ;k fdlh ,slh

-20 -

lkslkbVh dh n’kk esa ftldk dh

ifjlekiu fd;k tk jgk gS] lekid ds

vkosnu ij] ;FkkfLFkfr lnL;ksa ;k ysunkjksa

;k nksuksa dk lfEeyu ,slh jhfr esa] tSlh

fd fofgr dh tk;] cqyk;s tkus] vk;ksftr

fd;s tkus rFkk lapkfyr fd;s tkus dk

vkns’k ns ldsxk%

ijUrq jftLVªkj] dksbZ le>kSrk ;k Bgjko djkus

ds iz;kstu ds fy, Loizsj.kk ls Hkh ,slk lfEeyu

cqyk;s tkus dk vkns’k ns ldsxk-

¼2½ ;fn ,slh cgqla[;k] tks lfEeyu esa mifLFkr rFkk

O;fDr’k% ernku djus okys lnL;ksa ds rhu&pkSFkkbZ ds

;k ewY;kadu dh dqy jde ds] tks fd lfEeyu esa

mifLFkr rFkk ernku djus okys ysunkjksa dks 'kks/; gks]

rhu pkSFkkbZ ds] tSlh Hkh fd n’kk gks] cjkcj gS] fdlh

le>kSrs ;k Bgjko ds fy, lger gks tkrh gS] rks og

le>kSrk ;k Bgjko jftLVªkj }kjk iqf"V dj fn, tkus

ij] ;FkkfLFkfr] leLr lnL;ksa ;k leLr ysunkjksa ij

rFkk lkslkbVh ij Hkh] ;k fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh dh n’kk

esa ftldk ifjlekiu fd;k tk jgk gS] lekid ij

vkc)dj gksxk%

ijUrq jftLVªkj fdlh le>kSrs ;k Bgjko dh

rc rd iqf"V ugha djsxk] tc rd fd mldk ;g

lek/kku u gks tk; fd ;FkkfLFkfr mu leLr lnL;ksa

;k ysunkjksa dks] ftuds fd fgr ,sls le>kSrs ;k

Bgjko ls izHkkfor gq, gS] ,sls lfEeyu dh lwpuk

izkIr gks pqdh Fkh%

ijUrq ;g vkSj fd fdlh lgdkjh cSad ds

ekeys esa] jftLVªkj le>kSrs ;k Bgjko dh iqf"V fjtoZ

cSad dh fyf[kr iwoZ eatwjh ls gh djsxk vU;Fkk ugha-

¼3½ tc fdlh lkslkbVh rFkk mlds ysunkjksa ;k muds

fdlh oxZ ds chp fdlh le>kSrs ;k Bgjko ij fopkj

djus ds fy, lfEeyu cqykus dk dksbZ vkns’k mi/kkjk

¼1½ ;k mlds ijUrqd ds v/khu ikfjr fd;k tk;] rks

jftLVªkj ,sls vkns’k dh lwpuk ml flfoy U;k;ky;

dks ns ldsxk] ftlesa ml lkslkbVh ds fdlh ,sls

nkf;Ro ds] tks fd fdlh ,sls ysunkj dks 'kks/; gks]

ftls fd ml vkns’k dh izfrfyfi Hksth xbZ gS] laca/k esa

dk;Zokfg;ka] pkgs os mDr vkns’k ds iwoZ lafLFkr dh xbZ

gksa ;k mlds i'pkr~] yfEcr gksa] vkSj ,slh lwpuk izkIr

gksus ij og flfoy U;k;ky; mu dk;Zokfg;ksa dks jksd

nsxk- ;fn fdlh ,sls le>kSrs ;k Bgjko dh iqf"V

mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu u dh tk;s rks jftLVªkj flfoy

U;k;ky; dks rn~uqlkj bfRryk nsxk vkSj os

-21 -

dk;Zokfg;ka] tks jksd nh xbZ gksa] iqu% pkyw dh tk;saxh-

¼4½ ;fn fdlh lkslkbVh rFkk mlds ysunkjksa ;k muds

fdlh oxZ ds chp fdlh le>kSrs ;k Bgjko dh iqf"V

mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu dj nh tk;s] rks mu dk;Zokfg;ksa

dk] ;fn dksbZ gksa] tks mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu jksd nh

xbZ gSa] mi’keu gks tk;sxk vkSj ml lkslkbVh ds fdlh

Hkh ,sls nkf;Ro] ftlls fd og le>kSrk ;k Bgjko

lacaf/kr gSa] ds laca/k esa dksbZ Hkh dk;Zokfg;ka fdlh

flfoy U;k;ky; esa ugha gks ldsaxh-

¼5½ jftLVªkj] jkT; ljdkj ds iwoZ vuqeksnu ls] ysunkjksa

ds fdlh oxZ dks bl /kkjk ;k mlds fdUgha Hkh

micU/kksa ds izorZu ls NwV ns ldsxk-

¼6½ fdlh ,sls le>kSrs ;k Bgjko dks] ftldh dh iqf"V

jftLVªkj }kjk dj nh xbZ gks] fdlh flfoy U;k;ky;

esa iz’uxr ugha fd;k tk;sxk-

¼7½ ;fn dksbZ ysunkj] ftlds fd laca/k esa fdlh le>kSrs

;k Bgjko dh iqf"V jftLVªkj }kjk mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds

v/khu dj nh xbZ gks] ,sls le>kSrs ;k Bgjko ds

v/khu mudks ns; jde] oSlk djus ds fy, lE;d~

lwpuk ns nh tkus ds i'pkr~] ml dkykof/k ds Hkhrj]

tks fd ,slh lwpuk esa fofufnZ"V dh xbZ gks] izkIr ugha

djrk rks ;FkkfLFkfr og lkslkbVh ;k lekid ml

jde dks ,slh jhfr esa fuf{kIr djsxk] tSlh fd

jftLVªkj }kjk funsZf’kr dh tk;] ,slk fu{ksi dj fn;k

tkus ij] ml jde ds] tks fd ml le>kSrs ;k Bgjko

ds v/khu ysunkj dks ns; gks] laca/k esa ;g le>k

tk;sxk fd mldh vnk;xh fu{ksi dh lhek rd dj

nh xbZ gS-

¼8½ fdlh lkslkbVh rFkk mlds ysunkjksa ;k muds fdlh

oxZ ds chp gqvk dksbZ le>kSrk ;k Bgjko] ftldh fd

iqf"V jftLVªkj }kjk mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu dj nh xbZ

gks] tSls gh ml nkf;Ro dh] tks mlds v/khu

vo/kkfjr fd;k x;k gS] lEiw.kZ jde] pkgs bl /kkjk ds

mica/kkas ds v/khu ;k vU;Fkk] pqdk nh tk; ;k pqdk

nh xbZ le>h tk;s] izo`Rr ugha jgsxk] Hkys gh ,sls

nkf;Ro ds mUekspu ds fy, ewyr% fu;r dh xbZ

dkykof/k dk volku u gqvk gks-

¼9½ ,sls le>kSrs ;k Bgjko ds izo`Rr u jg tkus ds

i'pkr~] ml nkf;Ro ds] tks fd mDr lk>kSrs ;k

Bgjko dk fo"k; jgk Fkk] laca/k esa dksbZ vkSj nkok ,slh

lkslkbVh ds fo:) ;k fdlh ,slh taxe ;k LFkkoj

laifRr ds] ftls fd og lkslkbVh rRi’pkr~ vftZr

-22 -

djs] fo:) 'ks"k ugha jg tk;sxk vkSj og lkslkbVh

viuk lkekU; dkjksckj pykus ds fy, Lora= gksxh-

vf/kLFkxu ds

v/khu cSadksa dh

dk;Zokgh rFkk

mudk nkf;Ro-

17&d tgka dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk cSafdax jsX;wys’ku ,DV] 1949

¼Ø-10 lu~ 1949½ dh /kkjk 45 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds

v/khu vf/kLFkxu dk vkns’k lgdkjh cSad ds laca/k esa

fd;k x;k gks] ogka jftLVªkj fjtoZ cSad ds fyf[kr iwoZ

vuqeksnu ls] vf/kLFkxu dh dkykof/k ds nkSjku &

¼,d½ lgdkjh cSad ds iqu% fuekZ.k ;k iquxZBu ds fy,(

;k

¼nks½ lgdkjh cSad dk fdlh vU; cSad ds lkFk

lekesyu fd;s tkus ds fy, Ldhe rS;kj dj

ldsxk-

fMikftV

bU’;ksjsal

dkiksZjs’ku dh

izfrlank; djus

dk uohu cSadks

dk nkf;Ro-

17&[k bl vf/kfu;e esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh]

tgka dksbZ ,slk lgdkjh cSad] tks fMikftV bU’;ksjsal

dkiksZjs’ku ,DV] 1961 ¼Øeakd 47 lu~ 1961½ ds vFkZ

ds vUrxZr chekd`r cSad gks] lekesfyr fd;k tk; ;k

ftlds laca/k esa le>kSrs ;k Bgjko dks vFkok

iqufuZekZ.k ;k iquxZBu dh Ldhe eatwj dh xbZ gks vkSj

fMikftV bU’;ksjasl dkiksZjs’ku chekdr cSad ds

fu{ksidrkZvksa dks ml ,DV dh /kkjk 16 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½

ds v/khu Hkqxrku djus ds fy, nk;h gks x;k gks] ogka

og cSad] ftlds lkFk ,sls chekdr cSad dk lekesyu

fd;k x;k gks] ;k og uohu lgdkjh cSad] tks ,sls

lekesyu ds i'pkr~ cuk;k x;k gks] ;k ;FkkfLFkfr]

chekdr cSad ;k vUrfjrh cSad mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa

fMikftV bU’;ksjsal dkiksZjs’ku dh ml lhek rd rFkk

ml jhfr esa] tks fd fMikftV bU’;ksjsl dkiksZjs’ku ,DV]

1961 ¼Ø- 47 lu~ 1961 ½ dh /kkjk 21 esa fufnZ"V dh

xbZ gS] izfr lank; djus dh ck/;rk ds v/khu gksxk-

jftLVªhdj.k dk

jn~n fd;k tkuk-

18 ¼1½ ;fn dksbZ lkslkbVh viuh laiw.kZ vkfLr;ka vkSj nkf;Ro

fdlh vU; lkslkbVh dks gLrkUrfjr dj nsrh gS ;k

fdlh vU; lkslkbVh ds lkFk lekesyu dj ysrh gS ;k

Lo;a dks nks ;k vf/kd lkslkbfV;ksa esa foHkkftr dj

ysrh gS ;k /kkjk 18&d dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds mica/kksa ds

v/khu mldk jftLVªhdj.k lekIr dj fn;k tkrk gS

;k /kkjk 69 ds v/khu lkslkbVh dk ifjlekiu gks

tkrk gS rks jftLVªkj ,slh lkslkbVh dk jftLVªhdj.k

jn~n djus okyk vkns’k djsxk- lkslkbVh jn~ndj.k ds

,sls vkns’k dh rkjh[k ls fo?kfVr le>h tk,xh vkSj

og fuxfer fudk; ds :Ik esa fo|eku ugha jgsxh-

¼2½ bl vf/kfu;e esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh

;fn fdlh lkslkbVh ds lekiu ;k fo?kVu ls lacaf/kr

-23 -

dksbZ Hkh dk;Zokfg;ka bl vf/kfu;e ds izkjaHk gksus ds

Bhd iwoZ yafcr gksa rks ,slh dk;Zokfg;ka] ,sls izkjaHk ds

i'pkr~ ml fof/k ds mica/kksa ds vuqlkj fuiVkbZ

tk;saxh] ftlds fd v/khu ,slh lkslkbVh jftLVªhd`r

dh xbZ Fkh ;k jftLVªhdr dh x;h le>h x;h Fkh-

lkslkbfV;ksa ds

jftLVªhdj.k dk

lekIr fd;k

tkuk-

18&d ¼1½ ;fn jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kku gks tkrk gS fd dksbZ

lkslkbVh mlds vkosndksa }kjk nqO;Zins’ku ds vk/kkj ij

jftLVªhÑr dj nh xbZ gS ;k ;gkW lkslkbVh dk dk;Z

iw.kZ gks pqdk gSa ;k ftu iz;kstuksa ds fy, lkslkbVh

jftLVªhÑr dh xbZ gSa] mudh iwfrZ ugha gks jgh gSa rks

og mlds izeq[k laizorZd lfefr vkSj lkslkbVh ds

lnL;ksa dks lquokbZ dk volj nsus ds Ik’pkr~ lkslkbVh

dk jftLVªhdj.k lekIr dj ldsxk %

ijarq tgka lkslk;Vh dh lnL; la[;k bruh

vf/kd gS vkSj jftLVªkj ds dk;kZy; ds vfHkys[kksa ls

,sls leLr lnL;ksa dk lgh irk vHkh fuf’pr djuk

laHko ugha gS vkSj jftLVªkj dh jk; esa O;fDrxr :i

ls ,sls leLr lnL;ksa dks lquokbZ dh lwpuk nsuk

O;ogk;Z ugha gS rks ,slh fLFkfr esa jftLVªhdj.k ds

lekIr fd;s tkus dh dk;Zokgh dh yksd lwpuk fofgr

jhfr esa nh tk;sxh vkSj ,slh lwpuk lkslk;Vh dh

lfefr ds lnL;ksa vkSj izeq[k laizoZrd lfgr lkslk;Vh

ds lHkh lnL;ksa dh nh xbZ lwpuk le>h tk,xh vkSj

lkslkbVh ds jftLVªhdj.k ds lekIr fd;s tkus ds

laca/k esa fdlh dk;Zokgh dks dsoy bl vk/kkj ij fd

fdlh lnL; dks O;fDrxr :Ik ls lwpuk ugha nh xbZ

gSa] iz’uxr ugha fd;k tk,xkA

¼2½ tgkW mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds micU/kksa ds v/khu fdlh lkslkbVh

dk jftLVªhdj.k lekIr dj fn;k x;k gSa] ogkW

jftLVªkj bl vf/kfu;e esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs

gq, Hkh ’kkldh; leuqnsf’krh dh fu;qfDr dks lfEefyr

djrs gq, ,sls vkuq"kafxd vkSj ikfj.kkfed vkns’k dj

ldsxk] tSlk dh ifjfLFk;ksa }kjk visf{kr gSaA

¼3½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa ds v/;;hu

jgrs gq, ’kkldh; leuqnsf’krh laifÙk;ksa] vkfLr;ksa]

iqLrdksa] vfHkys[kksa vkSj vU; nLrkostksa dk izHkkj ysus

dh rkjh[k ls] ,d o"kZ dh dkykof/k ds Hkhrj vkfLr;ksa

dh olwyh vkSj nkf;Roksa dk ifjlekiu djsxkA iwoksZDr

dkykof/k jftLVªkj ds foosdkuqlkj le;&le; ij

bl izdkj c<+kbZ tk ldsxh dh ftlls ,slh dkykof/k

dqy feykdj rhu o"kZ ls vf/kd u gks tk,A

¼4½ ’kkldh; lenqusf’krh dks ,sls ikfjJfed vkSj HkÙkksa dk

lank; fd;k tk,xk tSlk dh fofgr fd;k tk,A

-24 -

¼5½ jftLVªkj dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ vkSj ¼2½ ds v/khu dh

’kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa ds la;qDr

jftLVªkj dh Js.kh ls fuEu Js.kh ds vf/kdkjh }kjk

ugha fd;k tk,xkA

rhljk v/;k;

lnL;] muds vf/kdkj] nkf;Ro rFkk fo’ks"kkf/kdkj

-25 -

O;fDr tks

lnL; gks

ldsaxs-

19 ¼1½ fuEufyf[kr ds flok; fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks fdlh

lkslkbVh ds lnL; ds :i esa Lohd`r ugha fd;k

tk;sxk] vFkkZr~ %&

¼d½ dksbZ O;fDr] tks Hkkjrh; lafonk vf/kfu;e] 1872

¼Ø-11 lu~ 1872½ dh /kkjk 11 ds v/khu lafonk

djus ds fy;s l{ke gks(

¼[k½ dksbZ vU; lkslkbVh(

¼x½ dksbZ yksd U;kl tks NRrhlx<+ ifCyd VªLV~l

,DV] 1951 ¼Ø- 30 lu~ 1951½ ds v/khu

jftLVªhdr gks(

¼?k½ rRle; izo`Rr fdlh fof/k ds v/khu ;FkkfLFkfr

jftLVªhdr LFkkfir ;k xfBr dksbZ ,slh QeZ]

dEiuh ;k dksbZ vU; fuxfer fudk;] ftlesa

mlds Hkkxhnkjksa ;k funsZ’kdksa ds :Ik esa dksbZ

vo;Ld O;fDr u gks( ¼M½ NRrhlx<+ lkslkbVh jftLVªhdj.k vf/kfu;e

1959 ¼Ø-1 lu~ 1960½ ds v/khu jftLVªhdr

dksbZ lkslkbVh tks fd jkT; ljdkj }kjk]

lkekU; ;k fo’ks"k vkns’k }kjk] bl laca/k esa

vuqeksfnr dj nh tk;s(

¼p½ jkT; ljdkj%

ijUrq [k.M ¼d½ ds mica/k&

¼,d½ O;fDr] tks vuU;r% fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy;s

cukbZ xbZ fdlh lkslkbVh esa izos’k pkgrk

gks(

¼nks½ vo;Ld] tks U;k;ky; }kjk fu;qDr fd;s

x;s laj{kd ds ekQZr dk;Z dj jgk gks(

dks ykxw ugha gksaxs-

¼2½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k fu;eksa esa ;k fdlh lkslkbVh dh

mifof/k;ksa esa fdlh izfrdwy ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] tgka

jkT; ljdkj us fdlh lkslkbVh dh va’kiwath esa

vfHknk; fd;k gks] ogka jkT; ljdkj dk nkf;Ro mlds

}kjk /kkfjr va’kksa ds vafdr ewY; rd gh lhfer gksxk-

¼2&d½ bl vf/kfu;e esa ;k mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa esa

;k ;FkkfLFkfr] fdlh lalk/ku lkslkbVh ;k miHkksDrk

lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa esa varfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs

gq, Hkh] ;fn dksbZ ,slk O;fDr] tks bl vf/kfu;e ds

mica/kksa rFkk ml lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa ds v/khu

lnL; ds :Ik esa Lohdr fd;s tkus ds fy, lE;d

:Ik ls vfgZr gks] ,slh lkslkbVh dh lnL;rk ds fy,

dksbZ vkosnu djs] rks mlds laca/k esa ;g le>k tk,xk

fd mls ,slh lkslkbVh ds dk;kZy; esa og vkosnu

izkIr gksus dh rkjh[k ls ,slh lkslkbVh ds lnL; ds

-26 -

:Ik esa Lohd`r dj fy;k x;k gS%

ijUrq jftLVªkj ;k rks Loizsj.kk ls fdlh Hkh

le; ;k lkslkbVh ;k fdlh O;fFkr O;fDr ds ,sls

vkosnu ij] tks fd iwoksZDr rkjh[k ls iUnzg fnu ds

Hkhrj fd;k x;k gks] rFkk lkslkbVh ;k lacaf/kr O;fDr

dks ;qfDr;qDr volj nsus ds i'pkr~] ml rkjh[k ls]

ftldks fd jftLVªkj dks vkosnu izkIr gqvk gks]

iSarkfyl fnu ds Hkhrj] vkns’k }kjk ml O;fDr ds

laca/k esa ;g ?kksf"kr dj ldsxk fd og mlesa ¼vkns’k

esa½ of.kZr dkj.kksa ls ,slh lkslkbVh dh lnL;rk dk

ik= ugha gS-

¼3½ tgka dksbZ ,slk fo|kFkhZ] tks Hkkjrh; lafonk vf/kfu;e]

1872 ¼Ø- 9 lu~ 1872½ dh /kkjk 11 ds v/khu lafonk

djus ds fy, l{ke u gks] fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh dk]

tks vuU;r% fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds Qk;ns ds fy;s cukbZ xbZ

gks] lnL; gksus dh okaNk djs] ogka fdlh lkslkbVh ds

jftLVªhdj.k ds fy;s mlds vkosnu ;k lnL;rk ds

fy;s mlds vkosnu ds lkFk ml fo|kFkhZ ds laj{kd

dk ;k vU; O;fDr dk] tks mDr vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk

11 ds v/khu lafonk djus ds fy;s l{ke gks] ,d ,slk

opuca/k] tks lnL; ds :Ik esa ml fo|kFkhZ ds nkf;Ro

ds ckjs esa gks] fofgr izk:Ik esa layXu gksxk-

¼4½ tgka fdlh O;fDr dks fdlh lkslkbVh esa lnL; ds

:Ik esa izos’k nsus ls badkj dj fn;k tk;] ogka izos’k

nsus ls badkj djus laca/kh fofu’p;] ,sls fofu’p; dh

rkjh[k ls rhl fnu ds Hkhrj] ml lkslkbVh }kjk ml

O;fDr dks lalwfpr fd;k tk;sxk-

¼5½ dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh] Ik;kZIr dkj.k ds fcuk] fdlh Hkh

,sls O;fDr dks] tks fd bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa ds

rFkk lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa ds v/khu lnL;rk izkIr

djus ds fy;s lE;d~:is.k vfgZr gks] lnL;rk iznku

djus ls badkj ugha djsxh-

¼6½ mi/kkjk ¼4½ ;k mi/kkjk ¼5½ ds v/khu O;fFkr dksbZ Hkh

O;fDr badkj dh rkjh[k ls uCcs fnu ds Hkhrj

jftLVªkj dks vihy dj ldsxk-

¼7½ vihy esa jftLVªkj dk fofu’p; vafre gksxk rFkk

jftLVªkj viuk fofu’p; mldh ¼fofu’p; dh½ rkjh[k

ls rhl fnu ds Hkhrj i{kdkjksa dks lalwfpr djsxk-

lnL; dh

fujgZrk,a-

19&d ¼1½ dksbZ Hkh O;fDr fdlh lkslkbVh ds lnL; ds :Ik

esa izos’k izkIr djus ds fy;s ik= ugha gksxk vkSj dksbZ

Hkh lnL; fdlh lkslkbVh dk lnL; ugha jgsxk

;fn]&

-27 -

¼d½ og vuqUeksfpr fnokfy;k U;k; fu.khZr fd;s

tkus ds fy;s vkosnd dks;k vuqUeksfpr

fnokfy;k gks(

¼[k½ og fdlh ,sls vijk/k ds fy;s] ftlesa uSfrd

v/kerk vUroZfyr gks] n.Mkfn"V fd;k x;k

gks vkSj n.Mkns’k ds volku dh rkjh[k ls

ikWp o"kZ dh dkykof/k u chr xbZ gks(

¼[k&[k½ og flfoy vf/kdkj laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1955

¼1955 dk la- 22½ ds v/khu ds fdlh vijk/k

ds fy;s n.Mkfn"V fd;k x;k gks vkSj

n.Mkns’k dk volku gksus dh rkjh[k ls Ng

o"kZ dh dkykof/k u chr xbZ gks(

¼x½ og ;k mlds dqVqEc dk dksbZ ,slk lnL;]

tks fd mlds lkFk lkekU; fgr j[krk gS]

,slk dkjksckj djrk gks tks fd lkslkbVh

}kjk fd;s tk jgs dkjksckj ds le:Ik gks%

ijUrq [k.M ¼[k½ ds mica/k ,sls O;fDr dks

ykxw ugha gksaxs tks fd foeqDr tkfr;ksa ds m)kj ds

fy;s vuU; :Ik ls cukbZ xbZ ;k cukbZ tkus okyh

fdlh lkslkbVh ds lnL; ds :Ik esa izos’k pkgrk gks-

¼?k½ ;fn og bl vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 48&d ds

v/khu fujfgZr gS(

¼M½ ;fn og ,slk O;fDr gS ftls fdlh lgdkjh

laLFkk dh lsok ;k ljdkjh lsok ls gVk

fn;k x;k gS(

¼p½ izkFkfed d`f"k lk[k lgdkjh lkslkbVh dh n’kk

esa] og df"k Hkwfe /kkfjr djus okyk

HkwfeLokeh] ekS:lh d"kd ;k ljdkjh

iV~Vsnkj u gks%

ijUrq 26 vizSy] 1990 dks ,slh lkslkbVh dk

dksbZ lnL;] tks HkwfeLokeh] ekS:lh Ñ"kd ;k ljdkjh

iV~Vsnkj ugha gSa] ,slh rkjh[k ls ,slh lkslkbVh dk

ukeek= dk lnL; gksxkA

Li"Vhdj.k &&

bl mi/kkjk ds iz;kstuksa ds fy;s

¼,d½**foeqDr tkfr;ksa** ls vfHkizsr gS ,slh tutkfr;kW

-28 -

ftUgs jkT; ljdkj le;&le; ij lk/kkj.k ;k

fo’ks"k vkns’k }kjk bl mi/kkjk ds iz;kstuksa ds

fy;s foeqDr tkfr;ksa ds :Ik esa ?kksf"kr djsaA

¼nks½ fdlh O;kikjh }kjk pyk;s x;s dkjksckj] ftlds

vUrxZr lkgwdkjh dk dkjksckj vkrk gSa] ds laca/k

esa ;g le>kk tk,xk fd og ml dkjksckj ds

le:Ik gSa tks dh fdlh foi.ku lkslkbVh }kjk

pyk;k tkrk gksaA

Lfefr dh lnL;rk

ds fy, vkSj

izfrfuf/kRo ds fy,

fujgZrk &&

19&d

d

dksbZ Hkh O;fDr fdlh lkslkbVh dh lfefr ds lnL;

ds :Ik esa fuokZpu ds fy, ik= ugha gksxk vSkj ml

:Ik esa vius in ij ugha jg tk,xk] ;fn og ,slh

fujgZrk ls xzLr gSa] tks fofgr dh tk,] dksbZ Hkh

lkslkbVh fdlh lnL; dks fdlh vU; lkslkbVh dh

lfefr esa vius izfrfuf/k ds :Ik esa ;k vU; lkslkbVh

es lkslkbVh dk izfrfuf/kRo djus ds fy, fuokZfpr

ugha djsxh] ;fn og ,slh fujgZrk ls xzLr gSa] tks

fofgr dh tk,%

ijUrq ;fn dksbZ lnL; bl /kkjk ds v/khu fofgr

fujgZrkvksa esa ls fdlh fujgZrk ls xzLr gSa rks &

¼,d½ lkslkbVh dh lfefr ds fy, ;g fof/kiw.kZ gksxk

fd og ;g ckr mldh tkudkjh esa vkus dh

rkjh[k ls nks ekl ds Hkhrj] ,sls lnL; dks]

tgkW og ml lkslkbVh dk lnL; gksus ds ukrs

lapkyd ds :i esa fuokZfpr gks tkrk gS mls

lqus tkus dk ;qfDr;qDr volj nsus ds i’pkr~

og in /kkj.k djus ls] fujfgZr dj ns]

¼nks½ ;fn og lnL; izfrfuf/k ds :Ik esa vius dk;ksZ

ds dkj.k mPpLrjh; lkslkbVh esa fujgZrk mixr

dj ysrk gSa rks ,slh mPpLrjh; lkslkbVh mls

mPpLrjh; lkslkbVh esa in /kkj.k djus ds fy,

fujfgZr djus gsrq dk;Zokgh djsxh]

;fn lkslkbVh dk;Zokgh djus esa vlQy jgrh

gS rks jftLVªkj ,sls lnL; dks lqus tkus dk ;qfDr;qDr

volj nsus ds i’pkr~ mls ,slk in /kkj.k djus ls

fyf[kr vkns’k }kjk fujfgZr dj nsxkA

i'pkr~orhZ

fu;ksZX;rkvksa dk

izHkko-

19&[k ;fn dksbZ O;fDr ftls fdlh lkslkbVh ds lnL; ds

:Ik esa izos’k fn;k x;k gks] ckn esa mu fujgZrkvksa esa ls]

tks fd /kkjk 19&d esa fofufnZ"V dh xbZ gS] fdlh Hkh

fujgZrk ds v/;/khu gks tk;] rks ,slk O;fDr ml

lkslkbVh dk lnL; ugha jg tk;xk rFkk jftLVªkj

-29 -

mlds LFkku dks fjDr ?kksf"kr djsxk-

lnL;ksa dk

fu"dklu-

19&x ¼1½ lfefr] fu"dklu ds iz;kstu ds fy;s fd;s x;s

lfEeyu esa mifLFkr rFkk er nsus okys lnL;ksa ds

rhu&pkSFkkbZ cgqer ls ikfjr fd;s x;s ladYi }kjk

fdlh lnL; dks fu"dkflr dj ldsxh] ;fn og]&

¼d½ dksbZ ,slk dk;Z] ftlls fd lkslkbVh dh lk[k

dks {kfr igqapus dh laHkkouk gks ;k ftlls

mldh dq[;kfr gksus dh laHkkouk gks] lk’k;

djrk gS( ;k

¼[k½ feF;k dFkuksa }kjk lkslkbVh dks tkucw>dj

izoafpr djrk gS( ;k

¼x½ dksbZ ,slk dkjksckj djrk gS tks lkslkbVh }kjk

fd;s x;s dkjksckj dh izfr}fUnrk esa vkrk gks

;k ftlds laca/k esa ;g laHkkouk gks fd og

lkslkbVh }kjk fd;s x;s dkjksckj dh

izfr}fUnrk esa vkosxk( ;k

¼?k½ vius 'kks/;ksa dk Hkqxrku djus esa ckj&ckj

O;frØe djrk gS ;k mifof/k;ksa ds fdUgha Hkh

mica/kksa dk vuqikyu djus esa pwd djrk gS%

ijUrq dksbZ Hkh ,slk ladYi rc rd fof/kekU;

ugha gksxk] tc rd fd lacaf/kr lnL; dks mls

fu"dkflr djus laca/kh izLFkkiuk dh lkr fnu dh

lwpuk ;k rks O;fDrxr :Ik ls ;k jftLVªhd`r Mkd

}kjk u ns nh xbZ gks vkSj tc rd fd mls vius

ekeys ds laca/k esa lfefr ds le{k vH;kosnu djus dk

volj u ns fn;k x;k gS-

¼1&d½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu lfefr ds ladYi ls O;fFkr dksbZ

O;fDr ,sls ladYi dh lalwpuk ds rhl fnu ds Hkhrj

jftLVªkj ds le{k vihy dj ldsxk-

¼2½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa ;k

mifof/k;ksa esa varfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] tgka

jftLVªkj dks ;g izrhr gksrk gS fd lkslkbVh ds fgr

esa ;g vko’;d vkSj okaNuh; gS fd fdlh lnL; dks

bl dkj.k fd og mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fofufnZ"V

fØ;kdykiksa esa ls fdlh fØ;kdyki esa fyIr gS]

lkslkbVh ls fu"dkflr dj fn;k tk,] ogka og ,sls

lnL; vkSj lkslkbVh ls ;g vis{kk dj ldsxk fd og]

mlds }kjk fofufnZ"V dh tkus okyh dkykof/k ds

Hkhrj] bl laca/k esa Li"Vhdj.k ns fd ,sls lnL; dks

lkslkbVh ls fu"dkflr D;ksa u dj fn;k tk,- ;fn og

-30 -

lnL; ;k lkslkbVh fofufnZ"V dkykof/k ds Hkhrj

viuk Li"Vhdj.k nsus esa vlQy jgrh gS ;k

Li"Vhdj.k ij] ;fn izkIr gqvk gks] fopkj djus ds

i'pkr~] jftLVªkj ml lnL; dks lkslkbVh ls

fu"dkflr djus dk vkns’k ikfjr dj ld sxk-

¼3½ dksbZ O;fDr ftls fu"dkflr dj fn;k x;k gS] ,sls

fu"dklu dh rkjh[k ls ,d o"kZ dh dkykof/k rd

fdlh Hkh lgdkjh lkslkbVh ds lnL; ds :Ik esa iqu%

izos’k izkIr djus ds fy;s ik= ugha gksxk-

¼4½ fdlh lkslkbVh ls fdlh lnL; ds fu"dklu esa] ml

lnL; }kjk ,slh lkslkbVh esa /kkfjr va’kksa dk leigj.k

varoZfyr gks ldsxk-

ukeek= ds

lnL;-

20- /kkjk 19 esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] dksbZ

lkslkbVh fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks ukeek= ds lnL; ds

:Ik esa izos’k ns ldsaxh] ftldk ;k rks lkslkbVh ds

izca/k esa ;k mlds ykHkksa esa dksbZ va’k ugha gksxk vkSj og

ml lkslkbVh ds ifjlekiu dh n’kk esa fdlh Hkh

;ksxnk;h nkf;Ro ds v/;/khu ugha gksxk-

tc rd lE;d~

lank; u dj

fn;s tk;s

lnL;rk ds

vf/kdkjksa dk

iz;ksx ugha

fd;k tk,xk-

21- dksbZ Hkh lnL;] lnL; ds vf/kdkjksa dk rc rd iz;ksx

ugha djsxk tc rd fd mlus lnL;rk ds laca/k esa

lkslkbVh dks ,slk lank; u dj fn;k gks ;k tc rd

fd mlus lkslkbVh esa ,slk fgr vftZr u dj fy;k gks

tSlk fd fofgr fd;k tk, ;k tSlk fd ,slh lkslkbVh

dh mifof/k;ksa esa fofufnZ"V fd;k tk;-

lnL;ksa ds er- 22 ¼1½ lkslkbVh ds izR;sd lnL; dks lkslkbVh ds

dk;Zdykiksa esa ,d er nsus dk vf/kdkj gksxk-

¼2½ ¼d½ la?kh; lkslkbVh dk ernku laca/kh vf/kdkj bl

izdkj fofu;fer fd;k tk;sxk fd lnL;ksa dks]

tks fd lkslkbfV;ka gks] ,slh lkslkbVh ds

lk/kkj.k lfEeyu esa erksa dh dqy la[;k ds

pkj iapeka’k ls de er izkIr u gksa(

¼[k½ la?kh; lkslkbVh ds ekeys esa] oS;fDrd lnL;ksa

¼ftl vfHkO;fDr ds varxZr yksd U;kl] QeZ]

dEiuh ;k fuxfer fudk;] NRrhlx<+

lkslkbVh jftLVªhdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1973

¼Øekad 44 lu~ 1973½ ds v/khu jftLVªhd`r

dh xbZ lkslkbVh rFkk jkT; ljdkj vkosxh

fdUrq mlds varxZr lgdkjh lkslkbVh ugha

vk;sxh½ ds ernku laca/kh vf/kdkj ,slh jhfr

esa fofu;fer fd;s tk;saxs tSlh fd fofgr dh

tk;-

-31 -

¼3½ izR;sd lac) lgdkjh lkslkbVh dks mfpr :Ik ls

izkf/kd`r fd;s x;s izfrfuf/k ds ek/;e ls rFkk mi/kkjk

¼2½ ds [k.M ¼[k½ esa fufnZ"V fd;s x;s izR;sd izR;k;qDr

dks lk/kkj.k lfEeyu esa ,d er nsus dk vf/kdkj

gksxk-

¼4½ tc rd fd fdlh lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa esa vU;Fkk

micfU/kr u gks] lfEeyu ds fy, x.kiwfrZ lkslkbfV;ksa

ds izR;k;qDrksa rFkk izfrfuf/k;ksa dh dqy la[;k ds

iapeka’k ls gksxh%

ijUrq lfEeyu esa fdlh Hkh le; izR;k;qDrksa dh

la[;k lkslkbfV;ksa ds lnL;&izfrfuf/k;ksa dh la[;k ds

iapeka’k ls vf/kd ugh gksxh-

¼5½ izR;k;qDrksa ds fuokZpu mu mica/kksa ds vuqlkj fd;s

tk;saxs tks fd lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds fuokZpu ds fy;s

fofgr fd;s x;s gksa-

¼6½ fdlh izR;k;qDr dh dksbZ Hkh fjfDr] tks lnL;rk dh

lekfIr ds dkj.k ;k vU;Fkk gqbZ gks] ml lewg ds]

ftlls fd ,slh fjfDr lacaf/kr gS] oS;fDrd lnL;ksa esa

ls ,d dks lg;ksftr djds izR;k;qDrksa }kjk Hkjh

tk;saxh-

¼7½ tc rd fd fdlh fof’k"V lkslkbVh ds laca/k esa

jftLVªkj }kjk vU;Fkk funsf’kr u fd;k tk;s] lfefr esa

izR;k;qDrksa dh la[;k fdlh Hkh le; lkslkbfV;ksa ds

izfrfuf/k;ksa dh la[;k ds ,d&frgkbZ ls vf/kd ugha

gksxh ¼viw.kkZadksa ij /;ku ugha fn;k tk;sxk½-

¼8½ erksa ds cjkcj&cjkcj gksus dh n’kk esa lHkkifr dk

f}rh; ;k fu.kkZ;d er gksxk-

er dk iz;ksx

djus dh jhfr-

23- ¼1½ fdlh lkslkbVh dk izR;sd lnL; vius er dk iz;ksx

Lo;a djsxk vkSj fdlh Hkh lnL; dks ijks{kh }kjk er

nsus ds fy, vuqKkr ugha fd;k tk;sxk%

ijUrq bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk;s x;s fdUgha

fu;eksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq, &

¼,d½ ¼d½ dksbZ lkslkbVh] tks fdlh vU; lkslkbVh

dh lnL; gS] vius lnL;ksa esa ls ,d

lnL; dh izfrfuf/k ds :Ik esa fu;qfDr

bl gsrq ls dj ldsxh fd og mldh

vksj ls er ns(

¼[k½ lkslkbVh }kjk viuh mifof/k;ksa ds

vuqlkj cuk;k x;k O;f"Vd lnL;ksa

dk dksbZ lewg] lewg ds lnL;ksa esa ls

fdlh ,d lnL; dk izR;k;qDr ds :Ik

-32 -

esa fuokZpu bl gsrq ls dj ldsxk fd

og mudh vksj ls er ns-

¼nks½ jkT; ljdkj vius vf/kdkfj;ksa esa ls ,d dks

ml lkslkbVh ds] ftldk fd lnL; ,slh

lkslkbVh ;k jkT; ljdkj gks] dk;Zdykiksa esa

viuh vksj ls er nsus ;k vU;Fkk Hkkx ysus ds

fy, ukefunsZf’kr dj ldsxh(

¼rhu½ dksbZ yksd U;kl] tks fd fdlh lkslkbVh dk

lnL; gks] vius U;kfl;ksa esa ls fdlh ,d dks

viuh vksj ls er nsus ds fy;s fyf[kr esa

fu;qDr dj ldsxk(

¼pkj½ dksbZ QeZ] tks fdlh lkslkbVh dh lnL; gks]

vius O;Ld Hkkxhnkjksa esa ls fdlh ,d dks

viuh vksj ls er nsus ds fy;s fyf[kr esa

fu;qDr dj ldsxh( vkSj

¼ikap½ dksbZ dEiuh ;k dksbZ vU; fuxfer fudk;]

tks fdlh lkslkbVh dk lnL; gks] vius

funs’kdksa esa ls ;k vius vf/kdkfj;ksa esa ls

fdlh dks viuh vksj ls er nsus ds fy;s

fyf[kr esa fu;qDr dj ldsxk@ldsxh-

¼2½ tgka dksbZ va’k ,d ls vf/kd O;fDr;ksa }kjk la;qDr

:Ik ls /kkj.k fd;k tkrk gks vkSj&

¼,d½ ml n’kk esa tc fd ,sls va’k ds ckjs esa lkslkbVh

}kjk va’k izek.ki= tkjh fd;k x;k gks] rks ml

O;fDr dks] ftldk fd uke ,sls va’k izek.k i=

eass igys vk;k gks( vkSj

¼nks½ ml n’kk esa tcfd ,sls va’k ds ckjs esa lkslkbVh

}kjk dksbZ va’k izek.ki= tkjh u fd;k x;k gks

rks ml O;fDr dks] ftldk uke ,slh lkslkbVh

}kjk j[ks x;s lnL;ksa ds jftLVj esa igys

vk;k gks

er nsus dk vf/kdkj gksxk-

fdlh lnL;

}kjk va’k iwath

/kkj.k djus ij

fucZU/ku-

24- fdlh Hkh lkslkbVh esa] jkT; ljdkj ;k fdlh vU;

lkslkbVh ls fHkUu dksbZ Hkh lnL;&

¼d½ lkslkbVh dh dqy va’k&iwath ds ,d iapeka’k ls

vuf/kd] mlds ,sls Hkkx ls vf/kd /kkj.k ugha

djsxk tSlk fd fofgr fd;k tk;( ;k

¼[k½ lkslkbVh ds va’kks esa chl gtkj :i;s ls vf/kd dk

dksbZ fgr ugha j[ksxk ;k mldk nkok ugha djsxk%

ijUrq jkT; ljdkj] vf/klwpuk }kjk]

lkslkbfV;ksa ds fdlh oxZ dh ckcr~ ,slk vf/kdre

ifjek.k fofufnZ"V dj ldsxh tks ;FkkfLFkfr va’k&iwath

ds ,d iapeka’k ls ;k chl gtkj :i;s ls vf/kd gksxk-

-33 -

va’kksa ;k fgr ds

vUrj.k ij

fucZU/ku-

25- ¼1½ fdlh lnL; ds fdlh ,sls va’k ;k fgr dk] tks fdlh

lk slkbVh dh va’kiwath esa mldk gks] vUrj.k mu

fucZU/kuksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq, gksxk tks fd vf/kdre

va’k /kkj.k ds ckjs esa /kkjk 24 esa fofufnZ"V gS-

¼2½ fdlh lnL; }kjk fdlh lkslkbVh esa ds vius va’k ;k

fgr dk dksbZ vUrj.k rc rd fof/kekU; ugha gksxk tc

rd fd]&

¼d½ og lnL; ,slk va’k ;k fgr de ls de ,d o"kZ

rd /kkj.k u dj pqdk gks(

¼[k½ og vUrj.k ml lkslkbVh dks ;k ml lkslkbVh

ds fdlh lnL; dks u fd;k tk;( vkSj

¼x½ og vUrj.k lfefr }kjk vuqeksfnr u dj fn;k

tk;-

lnL; dh e`R;q

gks tkus ij

fgr dk

vUrj.k-

26- ¼1½ fdlh lnL; dh e`R;q gks tkus ij dksbZ lkslkbVh e`r

lnL; dk va’k ;k fgr ml O;fDr dks vUrfjr dj

ldsxh] ftls fd mu fu;eksa ds vuqlkj ukefufnZ"V

fd;k x;k gks] tks fd bl laca/k esa cuk;s x;s gSa] ;k]

ml n’kk esa tcfd bl izdkj ukefunsZf’kr fd;k x;k

dksbZ O;fDr u gks rks ,sls O;fDr dks] ftlds fd ckjs

esa lfefr dks ;g izrhr gks fd og O;fDr ml e`r

lnL; dk okfjl ;k fof/kd izfrfuf/k gS] vUrfjr dj

ldsaxh ;k ;FkkfLFkfr ,sls uke funsZf’krh] okfjl ;k

fof/kd izfrfuf/k dks ,sls lnL; ds fgr ds ewY; ds

lerqY; ,slh jkf’k dk] tSlh fd og fu;eksa ;k

mifof/k;ksa ds vuqlkj vfHkfuf’pr dh xbZ gks] lank;

dj ldsxh-

¼2½ dksbZ lkslkbVh ,sls leLr vU; /kuksa dk] tks fd ml

e`r lnL; dks ml lkslkbVh }kjk 'kks/; gksa] ;FkkfLFkfr

,sls ukefunsZf’krh] okfjl ;k fof/kd izfrfuf/k dks lank;

dj ldsxh-

¼3½ ,sls leLr varj.k rFkk lank;] tks fd fdlh lkslkbVh

}kjk bl /kkjk ds mica/kksa ds vuqlkj fd;s x;s gksa]

fdlh Hkh ,slh ekax ds laca/k esa fof/kekU; rFkk izHkkoh

gksaxs tks fdlh vU; O;fDr }kjk ml lkslkbVh ij dh

xbZ gks-

va’k ;k fu{ksi

;k fgr dqdhZ

ds nkf;Rok/khu

ugha gksxk-

27- /kkjk 39 ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,] fdlh

lkslkbVh dh iwath ;k dkedkt&iwath esa] ;k fdlh x`g

fuekZ.k lkslkbVh }kjk tkjh fd;s x;s m/kkj LVkd

¼yksu LVkd½ esa] ;k fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk vius lnL;ksa

ls cpr fu{ksi ds :Ik esa ;k etnwjh esa ls ml

lkslkbVh }kjk dh xbZ vfuok;Z dVkSfr;ka djds ;k

-34 -

lnL;ksa dks fd;s x;s eky ds fodz; ;k iznk; ds ewY;

ij vf/kHkkj ds :Ik esa bdV~Bk dh xbZ fuf/k;ksa esa dk

fdlh lnL; dk va’k ;k fgr ;k fu{ksi lnL;ksa ;k

HkwriwoZ lnL;ksa }kjk mixr fd;s x;s fdlh _.k ;k

nkf;Ro ds dkj.k ;k ds laca/k esa fdlh U;k;ky; dh

fMØh ;k vkns’k ds v/khu dqdhZ ;k foØ; ds

nkf;Rok/khu ugha gksxk vkSj rn~uqlkj izkUrh; fnokyk

vf/kfu;e] 1920 ¼Ø- 5 lu~ 1920½ ds v/khu dksbZ

izkid ;k rRle; izo`Rr fdlh rRle fof/k ds v/khu

dksbZ ,slk O;fDr ;k izkf/kdkjh ,sls va’k ;k fgr ;k

fu{ksi dk gdnkj ugha gksxk ;k ,sls va’k ;k fgr ;k

fu{ksi ds laca/k esa dksbZ nkok ugh j[ksxk-

iqLrdsa vkfn

ns[kus ds

lnL;ksa ds

vf/kdkj-

28- ¼1½ izR;sd lkslkbVh]&

¼d½ bl vf/kfu;e dh izfr(

¼[k½ fu;eksa dh izfr(

¼x½ lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa dh izfr(

¼?k½ lnL;ksa dk jftLVj(

¼M½ vafre laijhf{kr okf"kZd rqyui=] ykHk vkSj gkfu

[kkrk( vkSj

¼p½ lk/kkj.k lEesyuksa dh dk;Zokgh-

vius lnL;ksa ds fu%’kqYd fujh{k.k ds fy;s

lkslkbVh ds jftLVªhd`r irs ij leLr ;qfDr;qDr

le;ksa ij miyC/k j[ksxh-

¼2½ fdlh lkslkbVh ds leLr jftLVj rFkk vfHkys[k] mu

iqLrdksa rFkk vU; nLrkostksa dks NksM+dj] tks fdlh

lnL; ds Lo;a ds ys[kkvksa ls fHkUu ys[kkvksa ls lacaf/kr

gksa] ,slh Qhl dk] tSlh fd mifof/k;ksa esa fofufnZ"V dh

tk;] lank; fd;s tkus ij ,slh lkslkbVh ds fdlh Hkh

lnL; }kjk fujh{k.k ds fy;s ml lkslkbVh ds

dk;kZy; esa miyC/k jgsaxs-

¼3½ ,slh 'krksaZ ds v/;/khu jgrs gq, rFkk ,slh Qhl dk

lank; dj fn;k tkus ij tSlh fd mifof/k;ksa esa

fofufnZ"V dh tk;] lkslkbVh] vius fdlh lnL; }kjk

vkosnu fd;k tkus ij] mls ,sls vfHkys[kksa ;k jftLVjksa

dh izekf.kr izfrfyfi ;k muds m)j.k iznku djsxh-

HkwriwoZ lnL;

;k e`r lnL;

dh laink dk

nkf;Ro-

29- ¼1½ mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,] lkslkbVh

ds mu _.kksa ds fy;s] tks fd-&

¼d½ fdlh HkwriwoZ lnL; ds ekeys esa] ml rkjh[k dks

gksa ftldks fd og lnL; u jg x;k gks( vkSj

¼[k½ fdlh er lnL; ds ekeys esa] mldh e`R;q dh

rkjh[k dks gks]

-35 -

fdlh lkslkbVh ds fdlh HkwriwoZ lnL; dk

vFkok fdlh lkslkbVh ds e`r lnL; dh lEink dk

nkf;Ro ,slh rkjh[k ls nks o"kZ dh dkykof/k rd cuk

jgsxk-

¼2½ tgka bl vf/kfu;e ds fdUgha mica/kksa ds v/khu fdlh

lkslkbVh dk ifjlekiu fd;k tkus dk vkns’k fn;k

tk;] ogka fdlh HkwriwoZ lnL; dk] tks fd ifjlekiu

ds vkns’k dh rkjh[k ds Bhd iwoZorhZ nks o"kZ ds Hkhrj

lnL; u jg x;k gks ;k fdlh e`r lnL; dh] tks fd

ifjlekiu ds vkns’k dh rkjh[k ds Bhd iwoZorhZ nks o"kZ

ds Hkhrj ej x;k gks] lEink dk nkf;Ro rc rd cuk

jgsxk tc rd fd lekiu dh dqy dk;Zokfg;ka iw.kZ u

gks tk;( fdUrq ,slk nkf;Ro lkslkbVh ds mu _.kksa

rd gh foLrkfjr gksxk tks fd ml rkjh[k dks gksa

ftldks fd og ;FkkfLFkfr lnL; u jg x;k gks ;k

mldh e`R;q gks xbZ gks-

lnL;ksa dk

fnokyk-

30- izkfofU’k;y bUlkyosUlh ,DV] 1920 ¼Ø- 5 lu~ 1920½

esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh fdlh lkslkbVh

ds fdlh lnL; ds fo:} fnokyk fo"k;d fdlh

dk;Zokgh esa] ml lkslkbVh ds 'kks/;ksa dks leLr vU;

'kks/;ksa ij] flok; mu 'kks/;ksa ds tks fd ljdkj dks

ns; gksa] iwfoZdrk izkIr gksxh-

pkSFkk v/;k;

lkslkbfV;ksa ds dRrZO;] fo’ks"kkf/kdkj] mudh lEifRr rFkk fuf/k;ka

lkslkbfV;ka

fuxfer fudk;

gksaxh-

31- fdlh lkslkbVh dk jftLVªs’ku mls ml uke ls]

ftlds fd v/khu og jftLVªhd`r dh xbZ gS] ,d ,slk

fuxfer fudk; cuk nsxk ftldk 'kk’or~ mRrjkf/kdkj

gksxk rFkk ftldh ,d lkekU; eqnzk gksxh vkSj ftls

laifRr /kkj.k djus] lafonk,a djus] okn rFkk vU;

-36 -

fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ka lafLFkr djus rFkk muesa izfrj{kk

djus ,oa ,slh leLr ckrsa] tks fd mu iz;kstuksa ds

fy, vko’;d gksa ftuds fy;s mldk xBu fd;k x;k

Fkk] djus dh 'kfDr gksxh-

lkslkbVh dk

irk rFkk uke

dk laizn’kZu-

32- ¼1½ izR;sd lkslkbVh dk fu;eksa ds vuqlkj jftLVªhd`r

fd;k x;k ,d irk gksxk ftl ij fd leLr lwpuk,a

rFkk lalwpuk,a Hksth tk ldsaxh vkSj og ml irs esa

gksus okyh fdlh Hkh rCnhyh dh fyf[kr lwpuk] ,slh

rCnhyh gksus ds rhl fnu ds Hkhrj] jftLVªkj dks

Hkstsxh-

¼2½ izR;sd lkslkbVh]&

¼d½ vius izR;sd dk;kZy; ;k LFkku ij] tgka ij

og dkjckj djrh gS(

¼[k½ leLr lwpukvksa vkSj vU; vf/kdkfjr izdk’kuksa

esa(

¼x½ viuh leLr lafonkvksa ij] dkjksckjh i=ksa] eky

ds fy, vkns’kksa esa] chtdksa] ys[kkvksa dh

foojf.k;ksa] izkfIr;ksa vkSj lk[k i=dksa esa( vkSj

¼?k½ leLr fofue; i=ksa esa] opu i=ksa] i"Bkaduksa]

psdksa] vkSj /ku ds vkns’k] ftl ij og

gLrk{kj djrh gS] ;k ftu ij mldh vksj ls

gLrk{kj fd, tkrs gS]

viuk uke vkSj vius jftLVªhd`r dk;kZy; dk

irk] vkSj 'kCn ßNRrhlx<+ lgdkjh lkslkbVh

vf/kfu;e] 1960 ds v/khu jftLVªhdrÞ lqokP; v{kjksa

esa lgtn’kZuh; LFkku ij laiznf’kZr djsxh-

¼3½ izR;sd lkslkbVh ds uke esa 'kCn ßlgdkjhÞ vkSj

ßlhferÞ ;k mlds lerqY; 'kCn jkT; dh jktHkk"kk esa

vUrfoZ"V gksaxs-

lnL;ksa dk

jftLVj-

33- ¼1½ izR;sd lkslkbVh vius lnL;ksa dk ,d jftLVj j[ksxh

vkSj mlesa fuEufyf[kr fof’kf"V;ksa dh izfof"V dh

tk,xh] vFkkZr~~%&

¼d½ izR;sd lnL; dk uke] irk rFkk mldh

mithfodk(

¼[k½ ml n’kk esa] tgka dksbZ lkslkbVh va’kiwath j[krh

gS] ds izR;sd lnL; }kjk /kkfjr va’k(

¼x½ og rkjh[k ftlesa izR;sd O;fDr lnL; ds :Ik

esa izfof"V fd;k x;k Fkk(

¼?k½ og rkjh[k ftldks dksbZ O;fDr lnL; ugha jg

-37 -

x;k gS( vkSj

¼M-½ ,slh vU; fof’kf"V;ka tks fofgr dh tk,a %

ijUrq tgka fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk bl vf/kfu;e

ds v/khu fdlh lnL; dks mldh e`R;q gksus ij vius

va’k ;k fgr] fdlh vU; O;fDr dks varfjr djus ds

fy;s vuqKkr fd;k x;k gS ogka jftLVj esa lacaf/kr

lnL; ds lEeq[k ml O;fDr dk uke tks ml lnL;

ds va’k ;k fgr dk gdnkj gksxk vkSj og rkjh[k ftl

ij ukekadu vfHkfyf[kr fd;k x;k Fkk] Hkh n’kkZbZ

tk,xh-

¼2½ jftLVj ml rkjh[k ds] ftlesa dksbZ O;fDr fdlh

lkslkbVh esa lnL; ds :Ik esa izfo"V fd;k x;k Fkk

vkSj ml rkjh[k ds] ftldks og lnL; ugha jg x;k

gS laca/k esa izFke n`"V;k lk{; gksxk-

lkslkbVh dh

iqLrdksa esa dh

izfof"V;ksa dk

lcwr-

34- ¼1½ fdlh lkslkbVh dh fdlh ,slh iqLrd] tks fd mlds

dkjckj ds vuqØe esa fu;fer :Ik ls j[kh xbZ gks] esa

dh fdlh izfof"V dh izfrfyfi] ;fn og ,slh jhfr esa]

tSlh fd fofgr dh tk;] izekf.kr gks] fdlh Hkh okn

;k fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ksa esa ;k fdUgha Hkh vU; iz;kstuksa

ds fy;s] ,slh izfof"V ds izFken`"V;k lk{; ds :Ik esa

yh tk;sxh vkSj mlesa vfHkfyf[kr fd;s x, fo"k;ksa]

laO;ogkjksa rFkk ys[kdksa dh ckcr] lk{; mlh jhfr esa

rFkk mlh lhek rd xzkg~; gksaxh ftl lhek rd fd

ewy izfof"V xzkg~; gksrh gS-

¼2½ fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk vius dkjckj ds vuqØe esa

vfHkizkIr dh xbZ rFkk j[kh xbZ fdlh nLrkost dh

vFkok ,slh nLrkost esa dh fdUgha izfof"V;ksa dh

izfrfyfi;ka] tks fd ,slh lkslkbVh }kjk nh xbZ gksa]

;fn os fofgr jhfr esa izekf.kr gksa] fdlh Hkh okn ;k

fof/kd dk;Zokgh esa ;k fdUgha Hkh vU; iz;kstu ds

fy;s] lk{; esa mlh jhfr esa rFkk mlh lhek rd xzkg~;

gksaxh ftl jhfr esa rFkk ftl lhek rd fd ;FkkfLFkfr

ewy nLrkost vFkok mldh izfof"V;ka xzkg~; gksrh gSa-

¼3½ fdlh lkslkbVh ds fdlh vf/kdkjh dks rFkk fdlh ,sls

vf/kdkjh dks] ftlds fd dk;kZy; esa lkslkbVh dh

iqLrdsa lekiu ds i'pkr~ fuf{kIr dh tkrh gS] fdUgha

Hkh ,slh fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ksa esa] ftuesa fd og lkslkbVh

;k lekid i{kdkj u gks] lkslkbVh dh fdUgha Hkh ,slh

iqLrdksa ;k nLrkostksa dks] ftudh fd fo"k;&oLrq bl

/kkjk ds v/khu lkfcr dh tk ldrh gS] is’k djus ds

fy;s ;k muesa vfHkfyf[kr fd;s x;s fo"k;ksa] laO;ogkjksa

-38 -

rFkk ys[kkvksa dks lkfcr djus ds fy;s lk{kh ds :Ik esa

milatkr gksus ds fy;s U;k;ky; ds] ;k e/;LFk ds

vkns’k] tks fd fo’ks"k dkj.k ls fd;k x;k gks] ds v/khu

gh foo’k fd;k tk,xk vU;Fkk ugha-

lkslkbVh

lnL;ksa dks

ikl&cqd nsxh-

34&d ¼1½ dksbZ lkslkbVh tks vius lnL;ksa dks m/kkj nsrh gS ;k

dksbZ lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ksa dk dksbZ oxZ ftls jkT;

ljdkj le;&le; ij jkti= esa vf/klwfpr djs]

vius izR;sd lnL; dks ,d ikl&cqd nsxh ftlesa

lnL; ds lkFk gq, laO;ogkjksa dk ys[kk tSls fd

laO;ogkj dh rkjh[k] fn, x, m/kkj dh jde] C;kt

dh nj] lnL; }kjk fd;k x;k izfrlank;] 'kks/; ewy

rFkk C;kt dh jde vkSj ,slh vU; fof’kf"V;ka tSlh

dh fofgr dh tk,a varfoZ"V gksxk- iklcqd esa le;

&le; ij vko’;d izfof"V;ka dh tk,axh] ftu ij

lkslkbVh ds ,sls in/kkjh }kjk gLrk{kj fd, tk,axs

ftls lfefr bl fufeRr izkf/kdr djs- bl iz;kstu ds

fy,] lnL; bl ckr ds fy, ck/; gksxk fd ,sls

in/kkjh dks iklcqd izLrqr djs vkSj ;fn iklcqd

vko’;d izfof"V;ka djus ds fy, dqN le; rd j[kh

tkus ds fy, visf{kr gS] rks lnL; dks ,sls in/kkjh

}kjk mldh ,d jlhn iznku dh tk,xh-

¼2½ iklcqd esa lE;d:is.k dh xbZ izfof"V;ka] tc rd fd

izfrdwy lkfcr ugha dj fn;k tkrk gS] lnL; vkSj

lkslkbVh ds chp laO;ogkjksa ds ys[kkvksa dk izFke

n`"V;k lk{; gksaxh-

fy[krksa ds

vfuok;Z

jftLVªhdj.k ls

NwV-

35 Hkkjrh; jftLVªhdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1908 ¼Ø- 16 lu~

1908½ dh /kkjk 17 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds [k.M ¼[k½ rFkk

¼x½ esa dh dksbZ Hkh ckr]&

¼d½ fdlh lkslkbVh ds va’kksa ls lacaf/kr fdlh fy[kr

dks ykxw ugha gksxh Hkys gh ml lkslkbVh dh

vkfLr;ka iw.kZr% ;k Hkkxr% LFkkoj laifRr ls

feydj cuh gks( ;k

¼[k½ ,slh lkslkbVh }kjk tkjh fd, x, ,sls fMcsUpjksa

ij ykxw ugha gksxh tks LFkkoj laifRr ij ;k

,slh laifRr esa dksbZ vf/kdkj] gd ;k fgr

l`ftr] ?kksf"kr] leuqnsf’kr] ifjlhfer ;k

fuokZfpr ugha djrs gSa] ml lhek rd ds

flok;] tgka rd fd os /kkjd dks ml izfrHkwfr

ds fy, gdnkj cukrs gSa tks fd fdlh ,slh

jftLVªhdr fy[kr }kjk dh xbZ gS ftlds }kjk

-39 -

ml lkslkbVh us viuh laiw.kZ LFkkoj laifRr ;k

mldk dksbZ Hkkx ;k mlesa dk dksbZ fgr ,sls

fMcsUpjksa ds /kkjdksa ds Qk;ns ds fy;s U;kfl;ksa

dks U;kl ij cU/kd dj fn;k gS] gLrkUrfjr

dj fn;k gS ;k vU;Fkk vUrfjr dj fn;k gS( ;k

¼x½ fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh }kjk tkjh fd;s x;s fdlh

fMcsUpj ij ds fdlh i`"Bkadu dks ;k mlds

vUrj.k dks ykxw ugha gksxh( ;k

¼?k½ fdlh ,slh ?kks"k.kk dks] tks Hkwfe ij /kkjk 41 ds

v/khu dksbZ Hkkj l`ftr djus ds gsrq fdlh

lnL; }kjk fdlh lkslkbVh ds i{k esa dh xbZ

gks] rFkk mlds ,sls leuqns’ku dks] tks fd mDr

lkslkbVh }kjk ml foRrnk;h cSad ;k la?kh;

lkslkbVh ds] ftlls fd og lac) gks] i{k esa

fd;k x;k gks] rFkk ,sls vkSj leuqns’ku dks] tks

,sls foRrnk;h cSad ;k ,slh la?kh; lkslkbVh

}kjk NRrhlx<+ jkT; lgdkjh cSad e;kZfnr ;k

fdlh vU; la?kh; lkslkbVh }kjk NRrhlx<

jkT; lgdkjh cSad e;kZfnr ;k fdlh vU;

la?kh; lkslkbVh ds i{k esa fd;k x;k gks] ykxw

ugha gksxh-

Li"Vhdj.k %& bl /kkjk ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, foRrnk;h

cSad ds varxZr fjtoZ cSad vkWQ bf.M;k] cSafdax

dEiuht ¼,Dohth’ku ,.M VªkalQj vkWQ v.MjVsfdaXl½

,DV] 1970 ¼~Ø- 5 lu~ 1970½ dh izFke vuqlwph esa

fofufnZ"V rRLFkkuh u;k cSad rFkk ,slk vU; cSad ftls

jkT; ljdkj] le;&le; ij] vf/klwpuk }kjk] bl

laca/k esa fofufnZ"V djsa] vkrs gSa-

m/kkj ysuk- 36 dksbZ lkslkbVh jkT; ljdkj] jkT; esa dk;Z dj jgs

fdlh fof/k ds v/khu cSad] foRrh; fudk;kas] fuxfer

fudk;ksa vkSj O;fDr;ksa ls] lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa ds

v/khu fu{ksi vkSj m/kkj izkIr dj ldsxh- og ukeek=

dh lnL;rk iznku djds fof’k"V djkj ;k vuqeksfnr

ifj;kstuk ds v/khu va’kiwath ds :Ik esa fuf/k Hkh izkIr

dj ldsxh-

-40 -

m/kkjksa ds fn;s

tkus ij

fucZU/ku-

37 ¼1½ dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh]&

¼d½ fdlh ,sls O;fDr dks] tks lnL; u gks(

¼[k½ fdlh lnL; dks mlds Lo;a ds va’kksa dh izfrHkwfr

ij(

¼x½ fdlh lnL; dks fdlh lnL;srj O;fDr dh

izfrHkwfr ij m/kkj ugh nsxh%

ijUrq lkslkbVh] viuh mifof/k;ksa esa micaf/kr

fd, x, vuqlkj fdlh vU; lkslkbVh vkSj@;k

ukeek= ds lnL; dks m/kkj ns ldsxh-

¼1&d½ vius ,sls lnL;ksa dks] ftUgsa fd NRrhlx<+ ys.M jsosU;w

dksM] 1959 ¼dz- 20 lu~ 1959½ dh /kkjk 114&, ds

v/khu fofgr dh xbZ ßHkw vf/kdkj ,oa _.k&iqfLrdkÞ

nh xbZ gks] m/kkj nsus okyh lkslkbVh m/kkjksa] vfxzeksa

rFkk mudh olwyh ds leLr laO;ogkj iwoksZDr

Hkw&vf/kdkj ,oa _.k&iqfLrdk esa ntZ djsxh-

¼1&[k½ bl vf/kfu;e esa] mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa esa

rFkk lkslkbfV;ksa dh mifof/k;ksa esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr

ds gksrs gq, Hkh] ml n’kk esa tc fd lkslkbVh ds

lnL;ksa dks fn;s x;s fdlh m/kkj ;k vfxze dh izfof"V

dh tkus ls NwV xbZ gks] ;g mi/kkj.kk dh tk;sxh fd

dksbZ Hkh ,slk m/kkj ;k vfxze ugh fn;k x;k gS ijUrq

;g mi/kkj.kk rc ugh dh tk;xh tcfd lkslkbVh

}kjk vU;Fkk lkfcr dj fn;k tk;(

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh]

dksbZ lkslkbVh fdlh fu{ksidrkZ dks mlds fu{ksi dh

izfrHkwfr ij m/kkj ns ldsxh-

¼3½ jftLVªkj] lk/kkj.k ;k fo’ks"k vkns’k }kjk] fdlh

lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ksa ds oxZ }kjk taxe laifRr dh

izfrHkwfr ij ;k LFkkoj laifRr ds ca/kd ij /ku ds

m/kkj fn;s tkus dks izfrfc) ;k fucZfU/kr dj ldsxk-

¼4½ ;fn fdlh lkslkbVh dk dksbZ ,slk vf/kdkjh ;k

deZpkjh] ftls fd m/kkjksa] vfxzeksa rFkk mudh olwyh

dh izfof"V mi/kkjk ¼1&d½ esa fufnZ"V dh xbZ

ßHkw&vf/kdkj ,oa _.k&iqfLrdkÞ esa djus dk dk;Z

lkSaik x;k gks] mDr iqfLrdk esa ,slh izfof"V djus ls

pwd tk; rks jftLVªkj] vkns’k }kjk] ml ij ikap lkS

:i;s ls vuf/kd fdlh jde dh 'kkfLr vf/kjksfir dj

ldsxk- 'kkfLr vf/kjksfir djus okyk vkns’k /kkjk 85 ds

micU/kksa ds vuqlkj izofrZr fd;k tk;sxk-

-41 -

lkslkbVh ewy ls

vf/kd C;kt

olwy ;k izkIr

ugha djsxh

37&d

RkRle; izoÙk fdlh djkj ;k fdlh fof/k esa varfoZf"V

fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh fdlh

,sls m/kkj ds laca/k esa] tks mlds }kjk fdlh lnL;

tks vuqlwfpr tkfr ;k vuqlwfpr tutkfr ds ;k 5

,dM+ flafpr ;k 10 ,dM+ vflafpr Hkwfe dk LokfeRo

j[kus okys fdlh vU; lnL; dks pkgs NRrhlx<+

lgdkjh lkslkbVh ¼f}rh; la’kks/ku½] vf/kfu;e 1979 ds

izkjaHk gksus ds iwoZ ;k mlds i'pkr~ fn;k x;k gks vkSj

tks mlds fn, tkus dh rkjh[k ls nl o"kZ ls vuf/kd

dkykof/k ds Hkhrj izfrlans; gks] ml nkSjku] tc fd

,slk m/kkj pkyw jgs] dksbZ Hkh ,slh jkf’k tks ewy ls

vf/kd gks] ml ij ¼ewy ij½ C;kt ds ys[ks izHkkfjr

ugha djsxh] olwy ugha djsxh ;k izkIr ugha djsxh vkSj

ewy ls vf/kd izHkkfjr dh xbZ] olwy dh xbZ ;k izkIr

dh xbZ dksbZ Hkh jkf’k] ;fn m/kkj 'ks"k jg x;k gks rks

og ewy ds izfrlank; ds ys[ks mldk iwjh rjg ls

izfrlank; gksus rd lek;ksftr dh tk,xh vkSj fdlh

vU; n’kk esa og jkf’k _.kh lnL; dks ml rkjh[k ls

lkB fnu ds Hkhrj okil dj nh tk,xh] ftldks fd

C;kt ds ys[ks fd;k x;k lank; iwoksZä lhek ls vf/kd

gks tk, %

ijUrq bl /kkjk dh dksbZ Hkh ckr fdlh fodkl cSad

;k fdlh uxjh; lgdkjh cSad }kjk fn, x, m/kkjksa

dks ykxw ugha gksxhA

lnL;srj

O;fDr;ksa ds

lkFk vU;

laO;ogkjksa ij

fucZU/ku-

38 /kkjk 36 rFkk 37 esa ;Fkk micaf/kr ds flok;] fdlh

lkslkbVh ds os laO;ogkj] tks lnL;ksa ls fHkUu O;fDr;ksa

ds lkFk fd;s tk;sa] ,sls fucZU/kuksa ds] ;fn dksbZ gksa]

v/;/khu jgrs gq, gksaxs tSls fd fofgr fd;s tk;sa-

lnL;ksa ds va’k

;k fgr dh

ckcr Hkkj ,oa

xqtjkbZ-

39 fdlh lkslkbVh dk fdlh lnL;] HkwriwoZ lnL; ;k

e`r lnL; ds iwath esa ds va’k ;k fgr ij rFkk mlds

fu{ksiksa ij rFkk fdlh lnL;] HkwriwoZ lnL; ;k e`r

lnL; dks ns; fdlh ykHkka’k] cksul ;k ykHkksa ij]

fdlh ,sls _.k ;k cdk;k ekax] tks fd ,sls lnL; ;k

HkwriwoZ lnL; ;k er lnL; dh vksj ls ml lkslkbVh

dks ns; gks] ds laca/k esa Hkkj gksxk vkSj og fdlh Hkh

,slh jkf’k dks] tks fd fdlh lnL;] HkwriwoZ lnL; ;k

e`r lnL; ds ukes tek dh xbZ gks ;k mldks ns; gks]

fdlh ,sls _.k ;k cdk;k ekax ds Hkqxrku esa vFkok

mlds ys[ks eqtjk dj ldsxh%

-42 -

ijUrq fdlh foRrnk;h cSad dk fdlh ,slh jkf’k]

tks fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk ,sls cSad esa vkjf{kr fuf/k ds

:i esa fofufgr dh xbZ gks] ij ml n’kk esa dksbZ Hkkj

ugha gksxk tcfd ,slk cSad ml lkslkbVh dk ,dek=

ysunkj u gks vFkok fdlh ,slh jkf’k] tks fd ,sls cSad

esa fdlh Hkfo"; fuf/k ls fofufgr dh xbZ gksa] ij

mldk dksbZ Hkkj ugh gksxk vkSj u ,slk cSad fdlh

,slh jkf’k dks] tks fd ml lkslkbVh ds ukes tek dh

xbZ gks ;k mls ns; gks] fdlh ,sls _.k ;k cdk;k ekax

ds tks fd ,slh lkslkbVh dh vksj ls ,sls cSad dks ns;

gks] Hkqxrku esa ;k mlds ys[ks eqtjk djus dk gdnkj

gh gksxk-

dfri;

vkfLr;ksa ij

lkslkbVh dk

iwfoZd nkok-

40 ¼1½ rRle; izo`Rr fdlh fof/k esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds

gksrs gq, Hkh] fdUrq Hkw&jktLo ds ckcr~ ;k Hkw&jktLo

ds cdk;k dh Hkkafr olwyh ;ksX; fdlh /ku ds ckcr

jkT; ljdkj ds fdlh iwfoZd nkos ds v/;/khu jgrs

gq, rFkk fodkl cSad ds fdlh nkos ds] tks fd

NRrhlx<+ lgdkjh d`f"k vkSj xzkeh.k fodkl cSad

vf/kfu;e] 1999 ¼Ø- 20 lu~ 2000½ ds v/khu fdlh

Hkh le; eatwj fd;s x;s m/kkj esa ls mn~Hkwr gks]

v/;/khu jgrs gq,] fdlh Hkh lnL; ;k HkwriwoZ lnL;

;k e`r lnL; }kjk lkslkbVh dks ns; dksbZ Hkh _.k ;k

'ks"k fudyus okyh ekax ,slh Qlyksa ;k vU; taxe

laifRr ij] tks fd ,sls lnL;] HkwriwoZ lnL; dh gks]

;k tks e`r lnL; dh lEink dk Hkkx gks] tSlh Hkh

n’kk gks] izFke Hkkj gksxh%

ijUrq tgka jkT; ljdkj dk dksbZ iwfoZd nkok

ys.M bEizwoesaV yksUl ,DV] 1883 ¼Ø- 19 lu~ 1883½

;k ,xzhdYpfjLV~l~ yksUl ,DV] 1894 ¼Ø-12 lu~

1894½ ds v/khu eatwj fd;s x;s m/kkj esa ls mn~Hkwr

gksrk gS vkSj ,slk m/kkj fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk m/kkj ds

eatwj fd;s tkus ds i'pkr~ eatwj fd;k x;k gks] ogka

lkslkbVh }kjk eatwj fd;s x;s m/kkj dks] mDr

vf/kfu;fefr;ksa esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh]

ljdkj ds ,sls nkos ij iwfoZdrk izkIr gksxh-

¼2½ dksbZ Hkh O;fDr fdlh Hkh ,slh laifRr dks] tks fd

mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu Hkkj ds v/;/khu gks] ml

lkslkbVh dh] tks fd Hkkj /kkj.k djrh gks] fyf[kr iwoZ

vuqKk ls gh vUrfjr djsxk vU;Fkk ugha %

-43 -

ijUrq fdlh lnL; ;k HkwriwoZ lnL; ds fy;s

;g lnSo fof/kiw.kZ gksxk fd og NRrhlx<+ lgdkjh

d`f"k vkSj xzkeh.k fodkl cSad vf/kfu;e] 1999 ¼Ø- 20

lu~ 2000½ ds v/khu fdlh fodkl cSad ds i{k esa]

mlds 'kks/;ksa ds fy;s Hkkj l`ftr djsa-

¼3½ rRle; izo`Rr fdlh fof/k esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds

gksrs gq, Hkh laifRr dk dksbZ Hkh ,slk vUrj.k] tks

mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds micU/kksa ds mYya?ku esa fd;k x;k gks]

lkslkbVh dks ns; fdlh ,sls _.k ;k cdk;k ekax tks

fd mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu ,slh laifRr ij izFke Hkkj

gks] dh ckcr lkslkbVh ds fdlh Hkh nkos ds fo:}

'kwU; gksxk-

dfri;

vkfLr;ksa ij

lgdkjh

lkslkbVh dk

izFke Hkkj-

41 ¼1½ rRle; izo`Rr fdlh fof/k esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds

gksrs gq, Hkh] fdUrq Hkw&jktLo dh ckcr ;k Hkw&jktLo

dh cdk;k dh Hkkafr olwyh ;ksX; fdlh /ku dh ckcr

jkT; ljdkj ds fdlh iwfoZd nkos ds v/;/khu jgrs

gq, ;k fdlh fodkl cSad ds fdlh nkos ds] tks fd

NRrhlx<+ lgdkjh d`f"k vkSj xzkeh.k fodkl cSad

vf/kfu;e] 1999 ¼Ø- 20 lu~ 2000½ ds v/khu ;k

NRrhlx<+ d`f"k m/kkj izorZu rFkk izdh.kZ micU/k ¼cSad½

vf/kfu;e] 1972 ¼Ø- 32 lu~ 1973½ ds v/khu fdlh

cSad }kjk fdlh Hkh le; eatwj fd;s x;s fdlh m/kkj

esa ls mn~Hkwr gksrk gks] v/;/khu jgrs gq,] dksbZ Hkh _.k

;k cdk;k ekax] tks fdlh lnL; ;k HkwriwoZ lnL; ;k

e`r lnL; }kjk lkslkbVh dks ns; gks]&

¼d½ ml Hkwfe ij] tks ;FkkfLFkfr ,sls lnL; ;k

HkwriwoZ lnL; ds LokfeRo dh gks ;k e`r

lnL; dh laink dh Hkkx :Ik gks( vkSj

¼[k½ vfHk/kkjh ds :Ik esa fdlh Hkwfe esa ds mlds fgr

ij] ;fn ,slk lnL; ,sls fgr dk LokfeRo

j[krk gS(

ftlds fd fo:) ,slk _.k eatwj fd;k x;k

Fkk ,slh cdk;k ekax fo|eku gS] ml _.k ;k cdk;k

ekax] tks fd mlds }kjk ns; gks] ds fy;s rFkk oSls

_.k ;k cdk;k ekax dh lhek rd lkslkbVh ds i{k esa

izFke Hkkj gksxh%

ijUrq tgka jkT; ljdkj dks dksbZ iwfoZd nkok

Hkwfe fodkl m/kkj vf/kfu;e] 1883 ¼Ø-19 lu~ 1883½

ds v/khu eatwj fd;s x;s m/kkj esa ls mn~Hkwr gksrk gS

-44 -

vkSj ,slk m/kkj fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk fdlh m/kkj ds

eatwj fd;s tkus ds i'pkr~ eatwj fd;k x;k gks] ogka

lkslkbVh }kjk eatwj fd;s x;s m/kkj dks vf/kfu;fefr

esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] ljdkj ds ,sls

nkos ij iwfoZdrk izkIr gksxh-

¼2½ dksbZ Hkh lnL; ,slh laiw.kZ Hkwfe ;k mlds fdlh Hkkx

dks ;k mlesa ds fgr dks] tks fd mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu

Hkkj ds v/;/khu gks] rc rd vU; laØe.k ugha djsxk

tc rd fd ml lnL; }kjk m/kkj yh xbZ] lEiw.kZZ

jde C;kt lfgr iwjh u pqdk nh tk;%

ijUrq fdlh lnL; ;k fdlh HkwriwoZ lnL; ds

fy;s ;g fof/k iw.kZ gksxk fd og ,slh Hkwfe ;k mlds

fdlh Hkkx dks]&

¼,d½ fdlh fodkl cSad( ;k

¼nks½ NRrhlx<+ d`f"k m/kkj izorZu rFkk izdh.kZ

micU/k ¼cSad½ vf/kfu;e] 1972 ¼Ø- 32 lu~

1973 ½ ds v/khu fdlh cSad( ;k

¼rhu½ jkT; ljdkj]

ds i{k esa ,slh Hkwfe ;k mlds Hkkx dks fdlh ugj ls

ty iznk; ds fy;s NRrhlx<+ bfjxs’ku ,DV]1931

¼Ø- 3 lu~ 1931½ ds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;ekas ds v/khu

cU/kfdr djsa-

¼3½ ,slk vU; laØke.k] tks mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds micU/kksa ds

mYya?ku esa fd;k x;k gks] lkslkbVh ds fdlh Hkh ,sls

nkos ds] tks bl /kkjk ds v/khu mlls ¼lkslkbVh ls½

fy;s x;s m/kkj ds laca/k esa gks] fo:) 'kwU; gksxk-

¼4½ fdlh lnL;] HkwriwoZ lnL; ;k er lnL; ls

lkslkbVh dks ns; _.k ;k cdk;k ekax ds C;ksjksa ds

ckjs essa fyf[kr lalwpuk fofgr jhfr esa rglhynkj dks

nh tk;sxh vkSj rglhynkj ,slh lalwpuk ds izkIr gksus

ij mls vf/kdkj vfHkys[k esa ntZ djok;sxk-

LFkkoj laifRr

dk vtZu rFkk

O;;u djus dk

lkslkbVh dk

vf/kdkj-

41&d ¼1½ rRle; izo`Rr fdlh fof/k esa varfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds

gksrs gq, Hkh] fdlh lkslkbVh dks ;g 'kfDr gksxh fd

og Lo;a ml d`f"k dk ;k mlesa ds fgr dk ;k fdlh

Hkh LFkkoj laifRr dk] tks fd fdlh lnL; us fdlh

,slh foRrh; lgk;rk ds laca/k esa] ftldk fd mlds

}kjk miHkksx fd;k x;k gks] lkslkbVh ds i{k esa Hkkfjr

;k cU/kfdr dj nh@fn;k gks] vtZu djsa] ijUrq ;g

rc tc fd og mDr Hkwfe dk ;k mlesa ds fgr dk ;k

fdlh vU; LFkkoj laifRr dk foØ; yksd uhyke }kjk

fd;k tkuk pkgk x;k gks] vkSj fdlh Hkh O;fDr us

mldk Ø; ml dher ij djus dh izLFkkiuk u dh

gks] tks fd lkslkbVh dks ml /ku dk] tks fd mls

'kks/; gks] Hkqxrku djus ds fy;s i;kZIr gks%

-45 -

ijUrq Hkwfe ;k laifRr ds dsoy ,sls Hkkx dk

fodz; fd;k tk;sxk tks fd _.k vkSj ml ij dk

C;kt pqdkus ds fy;s ;qfDr;qDr :Ik ls i;kZIr gks-

¼2½ dksbZ lkslkbVh] tks mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu mlesa fufgr

dh xbZ 'kfDr dk iz;ksx djrs gq,] Hkwfe ;k mleas ds

fgr dk ;k fdlh Hkh vU; LFkkoj laifRr dk vtZu

djsa] mldk O;;u foØ; }kjk ,slh dkykof/k ds Hkhrj

dj ldsxh tks fd jftLVªkj }kjk bl laca/k esa

fofufnZ"V dh tk;sxh-

¼3½ ;fn lkslkbVh dks mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu mlds }kjk

vftZr dh xbZ dksbZ Hkwfe] mi/kkjk ¼2½ esa minf’kZr fd;s

x;s vuqlkj mldk foØ; gksus rd ds fy;s iV~Vs ij

nsuh gS] rks iV~Vs dh dkykof/k ,d le; esa ,d o"kZ ls

vf/kd ugha gksxh vkSj iV~Vsnkj rRle; izo`Rr fdlh

vU; fof/k esa fdUgha izfrdwy micU/kksa ds gksrs gq, Hkh]

ml Hkwfe ;k laifRr esa dksbZ fgr vftZr ugha djsxk-

¼4½ bl /kkjk ds 'kCnksa esa] Hkwfe dk ;k mlesa ds fgr dk

fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk dksbZ foØ; rRle; izo`Rr fdlh

Hkh vU; fof/k ds mu micU/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,

gksxk tks fd vd`"kdksa }kjk fd;s tkus okys Hkwfe ds

Ø; ij ;k mPpre lhek ls vf/kd Hkwfe ds Ø; ij

;k Hkwfe ds ,sls Ø; ij] ftlls fd Hkwfe ds [kaM fdlh

fofufnZ"V lhek ls de ds curs gksa] fucZU/ku yxkrs gksa-

¼5½

bl /kkjk esa dh fdlh Hkh ckr dk ;g vFkZ ugha yxk;k

tk;xk fd og lkslkbVh dks bl ckr ds fy;s l’kDr

djrh gS fd og fdlh ,slh vkfnoklh tutkfr ds]

ftls fd jkT; ljdkj us NRrhlx<+ yS.M jsosU;w dksM]

1959 ¼Ø- 20 lu~ 1959½ dh /kkjk 165 dh mi/kkjk ¼6½

ds v/khu vf/klwpuk }kjk vkfnoklh tutkfr gksuk

?kksf"kr fd;k gks] fdlh O;fDr dh fdlh Hkwfe dk ;k

mlesa ds mlds fgr dk foØ; fdlh ,sls O;fDr dks

djs tks fd ,slh tutkfr dk u gks-

¼6½ NRrhlx<+ lhfyax vku ,xzhdYpjy gksfYMaXt ,DV]

1960 ¼Ø- 20 lu~ 1960½ esa dh dksbZ Hkh ckr fdlh

,slh lkslkbVh dks ykxw ugha gksxh tks mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds

v/khu Hkwfe dk vtZu djrh gks vkSj ,slh Hkwfe dks ml

le; rd /kkj.k fd;s jgrh gks tc rd fd og

lkslkbVh ml Hkwfe dks bl /kkjk esa micaf/kr dh xbZ

jhfr esa ;k vU;Fkk ,slh dher ij tks fd mlds 'kks/;ksa

ds pqdkjs ds fy;s i;kZIr gks] cspus dh fLFkfr esa u gkas-

-46 -

dfri; n’kkvksa

esa lkslkbVh ds

nkos dh iwfrZ

djus ds fy;s

osru esa ls

dVkSrh-

42 ¼1½ rRle; izo`Rr fdlh fof/k esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds

gksrs gq, Hkh fdlh lkslkbVh dk dksbZ Hkh lnL; ,slh

lkslkbVh ds i{k esa ,d ,slk djkj fu"ikfnr dj

ldsxk ftlesa ;g mica/k gksxk fd mldk fu;kstd

bl ckr ds fy;s l{ke gksxk fd og ml osru ;k

etnwjh esa ls tks fd ,sls fu;kstd }kjk mls ns; gks]

mruh jde dh dVkSrh dj ys tks fd ml djkj esa

fofufnZ"V dh tk;] vkSj bl izdkj dkVh xbZ jde dk

ml lkslkbVh dks Hkqxrku fdlh ,sls _.k ;k ekax dh

rqf"V ds :Ik esa dj ns tks fd ml lnL; dh vksj ls

ml lkslkbVh dks ns; gks-

¼2½ ,sls djkj dk fu"iknu dj fn;k tkus ij] ;g

vko’;d ugha gksxk fd og _.k ;k nkok fdlh

izkf/kdkjh }kjk U;k;fuf.kZr djk;k tk;] rFkk fu;kstd]

;fn lkslkbVh }kjk fyf[kr v/;is{kk }kjk ,slh vis{kk

dh xbZ gks vkSj tc rd fd lkslkbVh ;g izKkfir u

djs fd ,sls laiw.kZ _.k ;k ekax dk Hkqxrku dj fn;k

x;k gS] ml djkj ds vuqlkj dVkSrh djsxk vkSj bl

izdkj dkVh xbZ jde lkslkbVh dks lanRr djsxk ekuksa

fd og jde etnwjh lank; vf/kfu;e] 1936 ¼Ø- 4

lu~ 1936½ ds v/khu visf{kr fd;s x;s vuqlkj ml

fnu ns; osru ;k etnwjh dk Hkkx gks-

¼3½ ;fn] mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu dh xbZ v/;is{kk ds izkIr

gks tkus ds i'pkr~ fu;kstd] fdlh Hkh le; v/;is{kk

esa fofufnZ"V jde dh] dVkSrh lacaf/kr lnL;ksa dks ns;

osru ;k etnwjh esa ls ugha djrk gS] ;k dkVh xbZ

jde ml lkslkbVh dks foizsf"kr djus esa O;frØe

djrk gS rks og lkslkbVh ,slh jde fu;kstd ls

Hkw&jktLo ds cdk;k ds rkSj ij olwy djus dh

gdnkj gksxh vkSj ml jde dks] tks fd fu;kstd ls

bl izdkj 'kks/; gS] fu;kstd ds nkf;Ro ds laca/k esa

ogh iwfoZdrk izkIr gksxh tks fd cdk;k etnwjh dks

izkIr gksrh gS-

¼4½ bl /kkjk ds mica/k mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ"V fd;s x;s

izdkj ds mu leLr djkjksa dks Hkh ykxw gksaxs tks fd

bl vf/kfu;e ds izkjaHk gksus dh rkjh[k ls izo`Rr Fks-

¼5½ bl /kkjk esa vUrfoZ"V dksbZ Hkh ckr jsYos] [kkuksa rFkk

rsy {ks=ksa esa fu;ksftr O;fDr;ksa dks ykxw ugha gksxh-

¼6½ bl /kkjk ds iz;kstuksa ds fy;s] vkgj.k rFkk laforjd

vf/kdkjh dks fdlh ljdkjh lsod ds laca/k esa

fu;kstd le>k tk;xk-

-47 -

fuf/k;ka rFkk

ykHk-

43 ¼1½ fdlh lkslkbVh dh ,slh fuf/k;ksa dk] tks 'kq} ykHkksa ls

fHkUu gks] dksbZ Hkh Hkkx mlds lnL;ksa dks cksul ;k

ykHkka’k ds :Ik esa lanRr ugha fd;k tk;xk vkSj u

mlds lnL;ksa esa mldk vU;Fkk forj.k gh fd;k

tk;xk%

ijUrq fdlh lnL; dks] fdUgha ,slh lsokvksa] tks

fd mlds }kjk lkslkbVh ds fy;s dh xbZ gksa] ds fy;s

ikfjJfed dk Hkqxrku ,sls ekieku ls fd;k tk

ldsxk tks fd mifof/k;ksa }kjk vf/kdfFkr fd;k tk;-

¼2½ dksbZ lkslkbVh fdlh o"kZ ds vius 'kq} ykHkksa esa ls]&

¼d½ ;fn jftLVªkj us] lk/kkj.k ;k fo’ks"k vkns’k }kjk]

lkslkbVh dks bl fufeRr Hkkxr% ;k iw.kZr% NwV

u ns nh gks rks ,slh jde vkjf{kr fuf/k;ksa esa

vUrfjr djsxh tks ,sls ykHkksa ds iPphl

izfr’kr ls de u gks(

¼[k½ NRrhlx<+ lgdkjh la?k e;kZfnr dks rFkk ,slh

vU; laLFkkvksa ;k la?kksa dks] tks fd jftLVªkj

}kjk bl laca/k esa fofufnZ"V fd;s tk;sa] ,sls

vfHknk; dk Hkqxrku djsxh tks fd fofgr

fd;k tk;( vkSj

¼x½ ,slh lkslkbVh] ftlesa ljdkj dh lk/kkj.k

va’kiwath dh Hkkxhnkjh gS lk/kkj.k va’kiwath

ekspu fuf/k esa de ls de chl izfr’kr jkf’k

varfjr djsxh-

¼3½ dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh jftLVªkj ds iwoZ vuqeksnu ds fcuk

vius lnL;ksa dks iPphl izfr’kr ls vf/kd dh nj ls

ykHkka’k ugha nsxh-

¼4½ dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh] jftLVªkj dh eatwjh ls] fdlh o"kZ

ds 'kq) ykHk dk ,d&pkSFkkbZ Hkkx vkjf{kr fuf/k esa

j[k fn;k tkus ds i'pkr~ vof’k"V 'kq) ykHkksa ds ikap

izfr’kr ls vuf/kd Hkkx dk vfHknk; fdlh Hkh ,sls

iz;kstu ds fy;s dj ldsxh tks fd lgdkfjrk

vkUnksyu ds fodkl ls lacaf/kr gks ;k iwrZ foU;kl

vf/kfu;e] 1890 ¼Ø- 6 lu~ 1890½ dh /kkjk 2 esa

;FkkifjHkkf"kr] iwrZ iz;kstu ls lacaf/kr gks-

¼5½ dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh fdlh ,sls laxBu esa ftldk

mn~ns’; fdlh jktuSfrd ny ;k fdlh /kkfeZd vkLFkk

dks vxzlj djuk gS u rks izR;{kr% vkSj u vizR;{kr%

/ku ds ;k oLrq ds :Ik esa vfHknk; djsxh-

-48 -

ykHkksa dk

fofu;kstu-

43&d ¼1½ ykHk vftZr djus okyh dksbZ lkslkbVh o"kZ ds ldy

ykHkksa esa ls fuEufyf[kr dh dVkSrh djds 'kq} ykHk dh

lax.kuk djsxh%&

¼d½ m/kkj ys[kkvksa ij izksn~Hkwr leLr vfr’kks/; C;kt(

¼[k½ izca/k izHkkj(

¼x½ m/kkjksa ¼yksUl½ rFkk fu{ksiksa ij ns; C;kt(

¼?k½ laijh{kk ¼vkfMV½ Qhl(

¼M½ dkedkt laca/kh [kpsZ ftlds varxZr gS ejEer]

HkkVd] dj(

¼p½ vo{k;.k(

¼N½ cksul lank; vf/kfu;e] 1965 ¼Ø- 21 lu~ 1965½

ds v/khu deZpkfj;ksa dks ns; cksul(

¼t½ vk;dj ds lank; ds fy;s izko/kku(

¼>½ jkT;@ftyk lgdkjh la?k] tks fd vf/klwfpr

fd;k tk;] dks vfHknk; ds Hkqxrku ds fy;s

izko/kku(

¼=½ fodkl fuf/k] Mwcar _.k fuf/k] ewY; mrkj&p<+ko

fuf/k] ykHkka’k lekuhdj.k fuf/k] fofu/kku

mrkj&p<+ko fuf/k vkSj ,slh vU; fuf/k;ksa ds fy;s

izko/kku tks fd jftLVªkj }kjk bl fufeRr

fofufnZ"V dh tk;s(

¼V½ deZpkfj;ksa dks lsokfuo`fRr izlqfo/kkvksa ds fy;s

izko/kku vkSj mu lkslkbfV;ksa dh n’kk esa] tks

miHkksDrk eky dk dkjckj djrh gS] lnL; dks

lanRr fd;s tkus okys Ø; fjcsV ds fy;s izko/kku(

vkSj

¼B½ Mwcr _.k dks vkSj ,slh gkfu;ksa dks tks ykHkksa esa

ls l`ftr fdlh Hkh fuf/k ds izfr lek;ksftr ugha

fd;s x;s gS] cV~Vs [kkrs Mkys tkus ds fy;s

izko/kku-

¼2½ rFkkfi] dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh o"kZ ds dqy ykHkksa ls ml

C;kt dks tksM+ ldsxh tks iwoZorhZ o"kksZa esaa izksn~Hkwr gqvk

gS fdUrq o"kZ ds nkSjku okLro esa olwy fd;k x;k gS-

bl izdkj fudkys x;s 'kq) ykHk iwoZ o"kZ ls vkxs ys

x;s ykHkksa dh jde lfgr /kkjk 43 ds iz;kstuksa ds

fy;s fofu;ksftr fd;s tkus gsrq miyC/k jgsaxs

?kkVs ds fy,

nkf;Ro-

43&[k ¼1½ tgka fdlh lkslkbVh dks fdlh o"kZ esa ifjpkyu ?kkVk

gksrk gS] ogka lfefr mlds dkj.kksa dks lk/kkj.k fudk;

ds le{k izLrqr djsxh-

-49 -

¼2½ lk/kkj.k fudk;] tgka lkslkbVh ds dkjckj ds lkekU;

vuqdze esa ?kkVk gqvk gS ogka mlds dkj.kksa dk ijh{k.k

djsxk vkSj lk/kkj.k fudk; vius ijh{k.k ds vk/kkj ij

ifjpkyu ?kkVs dks mlds lnL;ksa ls vkSj ;k

vkjf{kfr;ksa ls iw.kZr% ;k Hkkxr% iwjk djus gsrq ladYi

dj ldsxk-

fuf/k;ksa dk

fofu;kstu-

44 ¼1½ mi/kkjk ¼2½ rFkk ¼3½ ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,]

dksbZ lkslkbVh viuh fuf/k;ksa dks]&

¼d½ ljdkjh] cpr cSadksa esa( ;k

¼d&d½ fdlh lgdkjh cSad esa( ;k

¼[k½ Hkkjrh; U;kl vf/kfu;e] 1882 ¼Ø- 2 lu

1882½ dh /kkjk 20 esa fofufnZ"V dh xbZ

izfrHkwfr;ksa esa ls fdlh izfrHkwfr esa( ;k

¼x½ ml la?kh; lkslkbVh] ftldh fd og lnL;

gks] ds ikl ;k mlds va’kksa ds Ø; esa( ;k

¼?k½ jftLVªkj ds vuqeksnu ls] ifjlhfer nkf;Ro

okyh fdlh vU; lkslkbVh ds ikl ;k mlds

va’kksa ;k izfrHkwfr;ksa ;k fMcsUpjksa ds Ø; esa(

;k okyh fdlh vU; lkslkbVh ds ikl ;k

mlds va’kksa ;k izfrHkwfr;ksa ;k fMcsPkjksa ds Ø;

esa( ;k

¼M½ fdlh ,sls cSad ds ikl] tks bl iz;kstu ds

fy;s jftLVªkj ds }kjk vuqeksfnr fd;k x;k

gks] vkSj ,sls fucU/kuksa vkSj 'krksZa ij] ;fn

dksbZ gksa] tks mlds }kjk bl fufeRr

vf/kdfFkr dh tk,a(

fofufgr ;k fuf{kIr dj ldsxh(

ijUrq [k.M ¼?k½ ds v/khu jftLVªkj dk

vuqeksnu ml n’kk esa vko’;d ugha gksxk tcfd ,slh

lkslkbVh dk lnL; gksus ds fy;s ,slh lkslkbVh dh

mifof/k;ksa ds vuqlkj va’kksa dk Ø; fd;k tkuk gks-

¼2½ lkslkbVh dh vkjf{kr fuf/k dk fofu/kku ;k mi;ksx

dsoy ,slh jhfr esa vkSj ,sls fucU/kuksa rFkk 'krksZa ij

fd;k tk;xk tSlh fd jftLVªkj }kjk bl laca/k esa

vf/kdfFkr dh tk;a-

¼3½ x`g fuekZ.k lkslkbVh ls fHkUu fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk

fofufnZ"V iz;kstuksa ds fy, l`ftr fuf/k;ksa ls fHkUu

viuh fuf/k;ksa esa ls fdlh fuf/k dk LFkkoj laifRr esa

fofu/kku] jftLVªkj ds vuqeksnu ds fcuk ugha fd;k

tk,xk-

¼4½ fu{ksi izfrxzfgr djus okyh dksbZ lkslkbVh] ,sls fu{ksiksa

dh j{kk jkf’k ds :Ik esa laifjorhZ lalk/kuksa dks ,slh

lhek rd rFkk ,slh jhfr esa cuk;s j[ksxh tSlk fd

jftLVªkj }kjk le;&le; ij fofufnZ"V fd;k tk;sa-

-50 -

lkslkbfV;ksa dks

jkT; lgk;rk

dk eatwj fd;k

tkuk-

45 ¼1½ dksbZ ,slh lkslkbVh] tks va’kiwath ds izfr vfHknk; ls

fHkUu fdlh :Ik esa jkT; lgk;rk izkIr djuk pkgrh

gks] ,slh jkT; lgk;rk pkgus ds fy;s dkj.k dfFkr

djrs gq, jftLVªkj dks vkosnu dj ldsxh-

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu dksbZ vkosnu izkIr gksus ij ;k

vU;Fkk] jftLVªkj] ;fn mldk ;g lek/kku gks tk;s

fd ,slh lgk;rk ml lkslkbVh ds fgr esa vko’;d gS]

,slh lgk;rk eatwj dh tkus ds fy;s jkT; ljdkj dks

flQkfj’k dj ldsxk- jkT; ljdkj rnqifj ml

lkslkbVh dks ,slh lgk;rk] tSlh fd og Bhd le>s]

,sls fucU/kuksa rFkk 'krksZa ij eatwj dj ldsxh tSlh fd

fofgr dh tk;-

deZpkfj;ksa dh

Hkfo"; fuf/k-

46 ¼1½ dksbZ lkslkbVh vius deZpkfj;ksa ds Qk;ns ds fy;s ,d

vfHknk;h Hkfo"; fuf/k dh LFkkiuk dj ldsxh ftlesa

,sls leLr vfHknk; tek fd;s tk;saxs tks fd ml

lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa ds vuqlkj deZpkfj;ksa rFkk

lkslkbVh }kjk fd;s x;s gksa-

¼2½ fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu LFkkfir dh

xbZ vfHknk;h Hkfo"; fuf/k]&

¼d½ ml lkslkbVh ds dkjckj ds mi;ksx esa ugha

ykbZ tk;sxh(

¼[k½ ml lkslkbVh dh vkfLr;ksa dk Hkkx:Ik ugh

gksaxh(

¼x½ dqdZ fd;s tkus ds nkf;Rok/khu ugha gksxh ;k

fdlh U;k;ky; ;k vU; izkf/kdkjh dh fdlh

vU; vknsf’kdk ds v/;/khu ugha gksxh( vkSj

¼?k½ ,slh jhfr esa iz’kkflr dh tk;xh tSlh fd

fofgr dh tk;-

la?kh; lkslkbVh

ls lac) fd;s

tkus ds funs’k

nsus dh 'kfDr-

47 jkT; ljdkj] lk/kkj.k ;k fo’ks"k vkns’k }kjk] ;g funs’k

ns ldsxh fd fdlh fofufnZ"V {ks= ds Hkhrj fLFkr

leLr lkslkbfV;ka ;k muesa ls dksbZ lkslkbVh

NRrhlx<+ lgdkjh la?k ls ;k fdlh ftyk lgdkjh

la?k ls ;k fdlh vU; la?k ls ,slh jhfr esa rFkk ,slh

'krksZa ij lac) dh tk; tSlh fd jkT; ljdkj

fofufnZ"V djs-

'kh"kZ lkslkbVh- 47&d ¼1½ 'kh"kZ lkslkbVh vius la?kVdksa dh lsok ds fy, vkSj

viuh mifof/k;ksa ds vuqlkj fuEufyf[kr d`R;ksa dk

ikyu dj ldsxh%&

-51 -

¼d½ lgdkjh fl)kUrksa dk ikyu gks] blds lqj{kk

mik; djuk(

¼[k½ lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa dks laizofrZr djuk vkSj

bl iz;kstu ds fy, vkn’kZ mifof/k;ka fojfpr

djuk vkSj lkslkbfV;ksa ds fopkj.k gsrq fofHkUu

fofu;e vkSj fufr;ka cukus ds fy, ekxZn’kZd

fl)kUr cukuk(

¼x½ lgdkfjrk ds izf’k{k.k] f’k{k.k vkSj tkudkjh dh

O;oLFkk djuk vkSj lgdkjh fl)kUrksa dk izpkj

djuk(

¼?k½ vuqla/kku vkSj ewY;kadu djuk rFkk lnL;

lkslkbfV;ksa ds fy, Hkkoh fodkl ;kstukvksa dks

rS;kj djus esa lgk;rk djuk(

¼M½ lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa ds chp lkeatL;iw.kZ laca/k

fodflr djuk(

¼p½ lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa ds chp vkil esa ds rFkk

lkslkbVh vkSj mlds lnL;ksa ds chp ds fooknksa

dks fuiVkus esa lgk;rk djuk(

¼N½ lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa ds fgrksa dk izfrfuf/kRo

djuk vkSj lkslkbfV;ksa ds vuqdwy uhfr;ksa vkSj

fo/kku ds fy, vfHker izkIr djus ds iz;kl

djuk(

¼t½ vius lnL;ksa dh vksj ls dkjckjh lsok,a gkFk

esa ysuk(

¼>½ cksMZ ds lfEeyuksa esa] ftuesa lnL; lkslkbfV;ka

vkeaf=r dh tkrh gSa] eas Hkkx ysus ds lkFk gh

lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa dks lg;ksx ,oa izca/kdh;

fodkl laca/kh lsok,a iznku djuk(

¼=½ lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa esa ;Fkkle; okf"kZd laijh{kk

dk lapkyu lqfuf’pr djuk(

¼V½ lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa ds ;Fkkle; fuokZpu dk

lapkyu lqfuf’pr djuk(

¼B½ lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa ds lk/kkj.k lfEeyuksa ds

fu;fer lapkyu gsrq lgk;rk djuk(

¼M½ lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa ds ikyu gsrq vkpkj lafgrk

fodflr djuk(

¼<½ lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa dh l{kerk ds ekin.M

fodflr djuk(

¼.k½ lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa dks fof/kd lgk;rk ,oa

lykg iznku djuk(

¼r½ lnL; lkslkbfV;ksa ds fgr esa dksbZ Hkh vU; lsok

iznku djuk-

-52 -

ikapok v/;k;

lkslkbfV;ksa dk izcU/k

lkslkbVh esa

vafre izkf/kdkj-

48- ¼1½ fdlh lkslkbVh esa dk vafre izkf/kdkj lnL;ksa ds

Lkk/kkj.k fudk; esa fufgr gksxk

¼ijUrq lk/kkj.k fudk; dh 'kfDr;ksa dk ;k mu

'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djus ds fy, tks fd lkslkbVh dh

mifof/k;ksa esa fofufnZ"V dh tk, fdlh lkslkbVh dh

mifof/k;ksa esa ,d ,sls NksVs fudk; ds xBu ds fy,

micU/k gks ldsxk ftlesa ,slh mifof/k;ksa ds vuqlkj

fuokZfpr fd, x, izR;k;qDr gksaxs½

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/;/khu jgrs gq, izR;sd lks;kbVh dk

izca/k bl vf/kfu;e ds ;k mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s

fu;eksa ds ;k lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa ds vuqlkj

xfBr dh xbZ lfefr esa fufgr gksxk rFkk og lfefr

,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djsxh rFkk ,sls dRRkZO;ksa dk

ikyu djsxh] tks fd bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu

cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ;k lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa }kjk

dze'k% mls iznRr dh tk, ;k ml ij vf/kjksfir fd;s

tk,aA

¼3½ lgdkjh lkslkbVh ds cksMZ esa muds

lnL;ksa esa ls vuqlwfpr tkfr] vuqlwfpr

tutkfr vkSj vU; fiNM+k oxZ ds

lnL;ksa ds LFkku dk vkj{k.k mudh

lnL;rk ds vuqikr esa fd;k tk,xk%

ijarq ;g fd ,slk vkj{k.k cksMZ dh

dqy lnL;rk ds 50 izfr’kr ls vf/kd

ugha gksxk%

ijarq ;g vkSj fd ,d LFkku ¼lhV½

vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa ;k vulwfpr

tutkfr;ksa ds fy;s vkjf{kr jgsxhA**

¼4½ &&&foyksfir&&

¼5½ lalk/ku lkslkbVh esa ,d v/;{k@ lHkkifr vkSj nks

mik/;{k@milHkkifr gksxsaA mik/;{kksa@milHkkifr;ksa

ds nks inksa esa ls &&

¼,d½ ,d in L=h lnL; }kjk /kkfjr fd;k tk,xk

vkSj

¼nks½ ,d in] ;fn v/;{k vuqlwfpr tutkfr ;k

vuqlwfpr tutkfr ;k vU; fiNMs+ oxZ ls

fuokZfpr u gks] rks buesa ls fdlh oxZ ds O;fDr

}kjk vkSj vU;Fkk fdlh Hkh oxZ ds O;fDr }kjk

-53 -

/kkfjr fd;k tk,xk%

ijUrq vuqlwwfpr {ks= esa lapkfyr ukxfjd

lgdkjh cSad ;k uxjh; lgdkjh lk[k lkslkbVh

;k cpr lkslkbVh ls fHkUu ,slh lalk/ku

lkslkbVh dh n'kk esa v/;{k ;k lHkkifr dk

fuokZpu dsoy vuqlwfpr tutkfr oxZ ds

O;fDr;ksa esa ls fd;k tk,xkA

Li"Vhdj.k %& bl /kkjk ds iz;kstu ds fy;s &

¼,d½ ^^vuqlwfpr tkfr** ls vfHkizsr gS] dksbZ tkfr]

ewyoa’k ;k tutkfr ;k fdlh tkfr] ewyoa’k ;k

tutkfr dk Hkkx ;k mlesa dk ;wFk] tks Hkkjr

ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 341 ds v/khu NRrhlx<+

jkT; ds laca/k esa ml :i esa fofufnZ"V gS%

¼nks½ ^^vuqlwfpr tutkfr** ls vfHkizsr gS] dksbZ

tutkfr] tutkfr leqnk; ;k fdlh tutkfr]

tutkfr leqnk; ;k fdlh tutkfr ;k

tutkfr leqnk; dk Hkkx ;k mlesa dk ;wFk tks

Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 342 ds v/khu

NRrhlx<+ jkT; ds laca/k esa ml :i esa

fofufnZ"V gSA

5&d miHkksDrk lkslk;Vh esa ,d v/;{k ;k lHkkifr vkSj ,d

mik/;{k ;k milHkkifr gksxk ftlesa ls ,d efgyk

gksxhA

¼6½ dksbZ Hkh O;fDr tks fdlh dsUbh; lgdkjh cSad esa

oS;fDrd lnL; gS] dsUnzh; ;k 'kh"kZ lkslkbVh esa dksbZ

Hkh fofufnZ"V in /kkj.k ugha djsxkA

¼7½ ¼d½ lnL; tks fcuk fdlh mfpr dkj.k

ds yxkrkj rhu lHkkvksa esa tkucw>dj

vius vkidks vuqifLFkr j[krk gS vkSj

tks mldks lquokbZ dk ;qfDr;qDr volj

iznku ds Ik’pkr~ izekf.kr gks x;k gS]

cksMZ ds lnL; ds :Ik esa dk;Z djus ls

ifjfojr gks tk;sxk vkSj lHkh

ikfj.kkfed ykHkksa ls oafpr gks tk;sxkA**

¼[k½ fdlh lgdkjh lkslkbVh esa] dksbZ

Hkh lnL;] cksMZ ds lnL; ds :i esa]

izR;k;qDr ;k izfrfuf/k ds :i esa

fuokZpu ds fy, vfgZr ugha gksxk vkSj

u gh ,slh lgdkjh lkslkbVh ds

izR;k;qDr ;k izfrfuf/k dks] cksMZ ds fdlh

-54 -

fuokZpu esa er nsus dk vf/kdkj gksxk]

tc rd fd og ,slh lgdkjh lkslkbVh

}kjk nh tkus okyh lsokvksa ds U;wure~

Lrj tSlk fd jftLVªkj }kjk lHkh

izdkj dh lkslkbfV;ksa ds fy, bl

laca/k esa le;&le; ij fofgr fd;k

tk,] dk miHkksx ugha dj fy;k gksA**

¼8½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k blds v/khu

cuk, x;s fu;eksa vkSj lgdkjh

lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa esa vUrfoZ"V

fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh cksMZ ds

lnL;ksa dh dqy la[;k] bDdhl ls

vf/kd ugha gksaxh] ftuesa ls nks

efgyk;sa gksaxh%

ijUrq bl /kkjk dh

mi&/kkjk ¼9½ ds mica/kksa ds v/khu

fu;qDr lg;ksftr fo'ks"kK lnL; ,oa

insu lnL; vkSj /kkjk 52 dh

mi&/kkjk ¼1½ ds mica/kksa ds v/khu

fu;qDr 'kkldh; ukferh vkSj

dk;Zdkjh lapkydksa dks cksMZ ds ,sls

bDdhl lnL;ksa dh x.kuk ds iz;kstu

ds fy, vioftZr fd;k tk,xkA

¼9½ bl vf/kfu;e vkSj blds v/khu

cuk, x;s fu;eksa esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh

ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] cksMZ mu

O;fDr;ksa dks cksMZ ds lnL; ds :i

esa lg;ksftr djsxk ftUgsa ,slh

lgdkjh lkslkbVh ds lnL; ds :Ik

esa cSafdax] izca/ku] foRr ds {ks= esa

vuqHko gks vFkok ,sls vU; {ks= esa

fo’ks"kKrk gks tks ,slh lgdkjh

lkslkbVh }kjk fd, tk jgs mn~ns’;ksa

vkSj fØ;kdyki ls lacaf/kr gks%

Ikjarq ,sls lg;ksftr lnL;ksa

dh la[;k bl /kkjk dh mi&/kkjk ¼8½

esa fofufnZ"V bDdhl lnL;ksa ds

vfrfjDr nks ls vf/kd ugha gksxh%

ijarq ;g vkSj fd ,sls

-55 -

lg;ksftr lnL; lgdkjh lkslkbVh ds

fdlh fuokZpu esa ,sls lnL; dh

gSfl;r ls ernku djus ds gdnkj

ugha gksaxs vkSj u gh cksMZ ds

inkf/kdkfj;ksa ds :i esa fuokZfpr gksus

ds fy, ik= gksxsaA**

fofufnZ"V in

/kkj.k djus ds

fy, fujgZrk,a-

48&d ¼1½ dksbZ Hkh O;fDr ,d gh le; esa ,d ls vf/kd 'kh"kZ

lkslkbfV;ksa dk] ,d ls vf/kd dsUnzh; lkslk;fV;ksa dk

rFkk ,d ls vf/kd izkFkfed lkslk;fV;ksa dk

fofufnZ"V in /kkj.k ugh djsxk%

ijarq bl mi/kkjk ds mica/k ,d gh oxhZdj.k

okys lkslk;fV;ksa ij ykxw gksxsa-

¼2½ ;fn dksbZ O;fDr] tks ,d 'kh"kZ lkslkbVh] ,d dsUnzh;

lkslkbVh rFkk ,d izkFkfed lkslkbVh esa dksbZ

fofufnZ"V in /kkj.k dj jgk gS] fdlh vU; 'kh"kZ

lkslkbVh ;k dsUnzh; lkslkbVh ;k izkFkfed lkslkbVh

ds ,sls fofufnZ"V in ij fuokZfpr ;k fu;qDr gks tkrk

gS] rks og fyf[kr i= }kjk tks mlds }kjk gLrk{kfjr

vkSj jftLVªkj dks lacksf/kr gksxk] fdlh fofufnZ"V in

ij] vius fuokZfpr ;k fu;qDr gks tkus dh rkjh[k ls

,d ekl dh dkykof/k ds Hkhrj] ;Fkk fLFkfr ,d 'kh"kZ

lkslkbVh rFkk ;k ,d dsUnzh; lkslkbVh rFkk ;k ,d

izkFkfed lkslkbVh ds flok; ,slh vU; lHkh 'kh"kZ

lkslkbfV;ksa] dsUnzh; lkslkbfV;ksa rFkk izkFkfed

lkslkbfV;ksa ds fofufnZ"V in ls R;kx i= ns ldsxk-

¼3½ ;fn mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu R;kxi= nsus ds fy;s

visf{kr dksbZ O;fDr] ml mi/kkjk esa fofufnZ"V dh xbZ

dkykof/k ds Hkhrj R;kxi= nsus esa vlQy jgrk gS]

rks ,slh dkykof/k dk volku gks tkus ij mlds laca/k

esa ;g le>k tk,xk fd mlus ;FkkfLFkfr ,d 'kh"kZ ;k

dsUnzh; ;k izkFkfed lkslkbVh] ftlesa og ,sls

i'pkr~orhZ fuokZpu ;k fu;qfDr ds iwoZ igys ls gh

fofufnZ"V in /kkj.k fd, gq, Fkk] ds flok; vU; lHkh

'kh"kZ ;k dsUnzh; lkslkbfV;ksa ;k izkFkfed lkslkbfV;ksa

ds fofufnZ"V in ls R;kxi= ns fn;k gS-

izfrfuf/k ,oa

izR;k;qDr-

48&[k ¼1½ izR;sd lkslkbVh dh lfefr] lHkkifr ;k milHkkifr ds

fuokZpu ds le; ,sls izfrfuf/k dks Hkh fuokZfpr djsxh

tks mldk izfrfuf/kRo vU; lkslkbfV;ksa esa djsaxs vkSj

lfefr }kjk ,sls fuokZfpr izfrfuf/k dks rc rd okil

ugha cqyk;k tk,xk] tc rd fd lfefr dk vkxkeh

pquko ugha gks tkrk gS(-

-56 -

¼2½ ¼d½ fdlh lkslkbVh esa tgka lnL;ksa dh dqy la[;k

ds de ls de vk/ks lnL; vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa

vkSj vuqlwfpr tutkfr;ksa ds gSa] ogka ,slk

izfrfuf/k dsoy ,slh tkfr;ksa ;k tutkfr;ksa ds

lnL;ksa esa ls gksxk( vkSj

¼[k½ fdlh lkslkbVh esa tgka lnL;ksa dh dqy la[;k

ds de ls de nks frgkbZ lnL; vU; fiNM+s

oxksZa ds gS] ogka ,slk izfrfuf/k ,sls oxksZa ds

lnL;ksa esa ls gksxk-

¼3½ ;fn fdlh lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa esa mlds lk/kkj.k

fudk; dk xBu izR;k;qDrksa ds fuokZpu }kjk fd, tkus

dk micU/k gS] rks og lkslkbVh lk/kkj.k fudk; esa

vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa] vuqlwfpr tutkfr;ksa vkSj vU;

fiNM+s oxksZa ds lnL;ksa ds fy, LFkkuksa dk vkj{k.k ,slh

jhfr ls djsxh fd izR;sd izoxZ ds fy, bl izdkj

vkjf{kr LFkku] tgka rd laHko gks] mlh vuqikr esa gks

tks izR;sd izoxZ ds lnL;ksa dk] ml lkslkbVh dh]

dqy lnL; la[;k ds lkFk gS(

ijUrq izR;k;qDr ds rSarhl izfr’kr in leLrj

vkSj izHkkxokj efgykvksa ds fy, vkjf{kr gksaxs-

lfefr dh

'kfDr;ka-

48&x fdlh lkslkbVh dk cksMZ ;k lfefr dks mldh

mifof/k;ksa ds vuqlkj fuEukuqlkj 'kfDr gksxh %&

¼d½ lnL;rk Lohdr ,oa lekIr djuk(

¼[k½ lHkkifr ,oa vU; in/kkfj;ksa dks fuokZfpr djuk(

¼x½ lHkkifr ,oa in/kkfj;ksa dks in ls gVkuk(

¼?k½ jftLVªkj ds vuqeksnu ls deZpkjh o`Un dh la[;k

fu;r djuk(

¼M-½ fuEufyf[kr ds laca/k esa uhfr;ka cukuk %&

¼,d½ lnL;ksa dks lsok,a nsus ds fy, laxBu

,oa mica/k djuk(

¼nks½ jftLVªkj ds vuqeksnu ls deZpkjh o`Un

dh vgZrk,a] HkrhZ] lsok 'krsZa vkSj

deZpkjh o`Un ls lacaf/kr vU; fo"k;(

¼rhu½ fuf/k dh vfHkj{kk vkSj fofu/kku dk

<ax(

¼pkj½ ys[kkvksa ds j[ks tkus dh jhfr(

¼ikap½ fuf/k;ksa dk lapkyu] mi;ksx ,oa

fofu/kku(

-57 -

¼Ng½ Qkby dh tkus okyh dkuwuh foojf.k;ka

ds lfgr lwpuk iz.kkyh dh fuxjkuh

vkSj izca/k(

¼p½ lk/kkj.k fudk; ds vuqeksnu gsrq okf"kZd fjiksVZ]

okf"kZd foRrh; fooj.k] ;kstuk ,oa ctV izzLrqr

djuk(

¼N½ laijh{kk rFkk vuqikyu fjiksVZ ij fopkj djuk

vkSj mUgsa lk/kkj.k fudk; ds le{k izLrqr djuk(

vkSj

¼t½ ,sls vU; leLr d`R; djuk tks mifof/k;ksa esa

fofufnZ"V gS-

okf"kZd lk/kkj.k

lfEeyu

49 ¼1½ izR;sd lkslkbVh foRrh; o"kZ dh lekfIr ds iwoZ rhu

ekl ds Hkhrj vius lnL;ksa dk lk/kkj.k lfEeyu

fuEufyf[kr iz;kstu ds fy, cqyk,xh %&

¼d½ lkslkbVh ds fØ;kdykiksa ds dk;ZØe dk] tks fd

lfefr }kjk vkxkeh o"kZ ds fy, rS;kj fd;k

x;k gks] vuqeksnu djus ds fy,(

¼[k½ lfefr ds lnL;ksa dk fuokZpu] ;fn oks djk;k

tkuk visf{kr gks x;k gS(

Li"Vhdj.k- %& lfefr dk fuokZpu visf{kr gks x;k gS

;g rc le>k tk,xk tcfd lfefr dh vof/k okf"kZd

lk/kkj.k lfEeyu dh rkjh[k ls rhu ekl dh

dkykof/k ds Hkhrj lekIr gks tk,-

¼x½ laijh{kk fjiksVZ] ;fn izkIr gqbZ gks] rFkk okf"kZd

fjiksVZ ij fopkj djus ds fy,(

¼?k½ 'kq} ykHk ds O;;u ds fy,(

¼M-½ fdlh vU; fo"k; ij] tks fd mifof/k;ksa ds

vuqlkj miLFkkfir fd;k tk;] fopkj djus ds

fy,( vkSj

¼p½ vxys o"kZ ds fy, ctV is’k djus ds fy,%

^^ijUrq jftLVªkj bl lfEeyu ds flok;]

ftlesa fd fuokZpu lfefr ds dk;Zdky dk] tks fd

mi/kkjk ¼7&d½ esa fofufnZ"V fd;k x;k gS] volku

gksus ij fd, tkus gS] ,slk lfEeyu djus dh

dkykof/k dks rhu ekl ls vf/kd vkSj dkykof/k ds

fy, c<+k ldsxk( **

^^ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd tgka fdlh lkslkbVh

ds laca/k esaa /kkjk 69 ds v/khu lekiu dk vkns’k tkjh

fd;k x;k gS rks ogka okf"kZd lk/kkj.k lfEeyu cqyk;k

tkuk vko’;d ugha gksxk-**

-58 -

¼1&d½ lfefr ds lnL;ksa] lHkkifr] milHkkifr] v/;{k]

mik/;{k vkSj izfrfuf/k;ksa ds ;fn dksbZ gksa] fuokZpu dk

lapkyu fjVfuZax vkfQlj }kjk fofgr jhfr esa fd;k

tk,xk-

¼2½ ,sls lfEeyu dh lwpuk ml ftys ds] ftlesa fd

lkslkbVh fLFkr gks] mi@lgk;d jftLVªkj dks]

lfEeyu dh rkjh[k ls de ls de iwjs pkSng fnu iwoZ

Hksth tk;xh-

¼3½ mi@lgk;d jftLVªkj ,sls lfEeyu esa Lo;a gkftj gks

ldsxk ;k vius v/khuLFk fdlh vf/kdkjh dks mlesa

gkftj gksus ds fy, izfrfu;qDr dj ldsxk-

¼4½ mi@lgk;d jftLVªkj ;k mlds }kjk izfrfu;qDr fd,

x, vf/kdkjh dks ;g vf/kdkj gksxk fd og mi/kkjk

¼1½ ds [kUM ¼d½] ¼x½] ¼?k½ rFkk ¼p½ esa fofufnZ"V fd,

x, fo"k;ksa ls lacaf/kr fdlh Hkh ekeys ds ckjs esa

lfEeyu dks lEcksf/kr djs-

¼5½ ;fn lk/kkj.k lfEeyu] mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu mlds

fy, fofgr dh xbZ dkykof/k ds Hkhrj cqykus ;k

mi/kkjk ¼1½ dh vis{kk dk vuqikyu djus esa O;frØe

fd;k x;k gks] rks jftLVªkj] vkns’k }kjk] fdlh ,sls

vkfQlj dks] ftldk fd ,slk lfEeyu cqykus dk ;k

mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds mica/kksa dk vuqikyu djus dk dRrZO;

Fkk vkSj ftlus ;qfDr;qDr izfrgsrq ds fcuk iwokZsDr

mi/kkjk ds mica/kksa esa ls fdlh Hkh mica/k dk vuqikyu

djus esa pwd dh gks] in ds fy, fuokZfpr gksus ;k in

ij jgus ds rhu o"kZ ls vuf/kd ,slh dkykof/k rd

ds fy, ftls fd og ,sls vkns’k esa fofufnZ"V djsa]

fujfgZr ?kksf"kr dj ldsxk vkSj ml vkfQlj ij] ;fn

og vkfQlj lkslkbVh dk deZpkjh gks] ikap gtkj

:i;s ls vuf/kd fdlh Hkh jde dh 'kkfLr vf/kjksfir

dj ldsxk%

ijUrq bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ vkns’k rc

rd ugh fd;k tk,xk tc rd lacaf/kr O;fDr dks

lgdkjh lkslkbfV;ksa ds la;qDr jftLVªkj dh in Js.kh

ls vfuEu in Js.kh ds fdlh vf/kdkjh }kjk lqus tkus

dk ;qfDr;qDr volj ugha ns fn;k tkrk-

¼6½ ;fn fdlh lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ka lfefr ds leLr

;k dqN lnL;ksa dk fuokZpu {ks=h; ¼VsjhVksfj;y½

vk/kkj ij fd;k tkus dk mica/k djrh gks] rks lfefr

ds ,sls lnL; {ks= esa ls] lk/kkj.k lfEeyu ds iwoZ dh

fdlh rkjh[k dks mifof/k;ksa dks mica/kksa ds vuqlkj

-59 -

ml {ks= ds lnL;ksa ds fdlh lfEeyu esa] fuokZfpr

fd, tk;saxs] mlds ifj.kke lkslkbVh ds lwpuk Qyd

ij rFkk okf"kZd lk/kkj.k lfEeyu dh dk;Zokfg;ksa ds

izkjaHk gksus ds iwoZ lk/kkj.k lfEeyu ds LFkku ij Hkh

yxk, tk;saxs-

¼7½ fdlh Hkh lkslkbVh ds izR;sd okf"kZd lk/kkj.k lfEeyu

esa lfefr] lkslkbVh ds lkeus ,d fooj.k j[ksxh

ftlesa lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds] muds dqVqEc ds lnL;ksa

ds rFkk fudV ukrsnkjksa ds uke iwoZorhZ o"kksZ ds nkSjku

cdk;k m/kkjksa ;k vfx zeksa] ;fn dksbZ gksa] ds C;kSjs n’kkZ;s

x;s gksa-

Li"Vhdj.k%& mi/kkjk ¼7½ ds iz;kstu ds fy;s] dqVqEc

ds lnL;ksa ds varxZr iRuh] ifr rFkk vkfJr larku

gksxh-

¼7&d½ ¼,d½ lfefr dk dk;Zdky ml rkjh[k ls] ftldks

lfefr dk izFke lfEeyu fd;k tkrk gS] ikap

o"kZ gskxk %

ijUrq tgkWa fdlh lfefr dks vfrf"Br ;k

fuyafcr fd;k x;k gS ] ;k vf/kfu;e ds v/khu gBk;k

x;k gS fdlh U;k;y; ds ;k izkf/kdkjh ds vkns’k ds

QyLo:i iqu% LFkkfir gks tkrh gS] ogkaa og dkykof/k

ftlds nkSjku og lfefr ;FkkfLFkfr vfrf"Br] fuyafcr

;k in ij ugh jgh gS iwoksZDr dk;Zdky dh x.kuk

djus esa vioftZr dj nh tk,xh-

¼nks½ lkslkbVh dh lfefr }kjk fuokZfpr izfrfuf/k dk

dk;Zdky ml lkslkbVh ds] ftlds fy, ,slk

izfrfuf/k fuokZfpr fd;k x;k gS] dk;Zdky dh

lekfIr ds lkFk lekIr gksxk-

ijUrq ;g fd] lfefr dk izfrfuf/k ml lfefr

dh ftldk fd og lnL; gS vof/k lekIr gksus rd

vius in ij cuk jgsxk-

¼7&dd½ ¼dsoy e/;izns’k esa ykxw ½

jkT; ljdkj vf/klwpuk }kjk mlesa dfFkr fd;s tkus

okys dkj.kksa ls fdlh lkslk;Vh ;k fdlh oxZ dh

lkslkbfV;ksa dk dk;Zdky le;&le; ij ckjg ekl

ls vuf/kd dh dqy dkykof/k rd ds fy, c<k

ldsxhA

¼7&ddd½ ¼dsoy e/;izns’k esa ykxw ½

mi/kkjk ¼7&dd½ esa fofufnf"V vBkjg ekg dh

vf/kdre dkykof/k dk ,slh lfefr;ksa dh ckcr

-60 -

volku 7 ebZ 1988 ¼ftls bles ablds i'pkr mDr

rkjh[k ds :Ik esa fofufnZ"V fd;k x;k gS½ ls izkjaHk

gksus okyh vkSj jkti= esa e/;izns’k lgdkjh

lkslkbVh¼la’kks/ku½ v/;kns’k] 1988 ds izdkf’kr gksus

dh rkfj[k dks lekIr gksus okyh dkykof/k ds chp gks

tkus ij Hkh ,slh lfefr;ksa dh dkykof/k dh ckcr ;g

le>k tk,xk fd og mDr rkfj[k ls N ekg dh

dkyof/k ds c<+k nh xbZ gS] ekuksa dkykof/k ds c<+k;s

tkus ds fy, mi/kkjk ¼7&dd½ ds v/khu vf/klwpuk

mDr rkjh[k dks tkjh dj nh xbZ Fkh A

¼8½ ;fn mi/kkjk ¼7&d½ esa fofufnZ"V dk;Zdky ;k ,rn~

iwoZ gVkbZ x;h mi/kkjk ¼7&dd½ ds v/;/khu c<+k;s

x;s dk;Zdky dk volku dk gksus ds iwoZ fuokZpu ugh

gksrs gS rks lfefr ds leLr lnL;ksa ds laca/k esa ;g

le>k tk,xk fd lHkh lnL;ksa us vius in fjDr dj

fn;s gS vkSj lfefr dh 'kfDr;ka jftLVªkj esa fufgr gks

xbZ gS vkSj jftLVªkj ;FkkLkaHko 'kh?kz fuokZPku

djok;sxkA

ijUrq jftLVªkj bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu mlesa fufgr

lfefr dh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djus ds fy, fdlh

vf/kdkjh dks izkf/kd`r dj ldsxk vkSj bl izdkj

izkf/kd`r fd;k x;k mDr vf/kdkjh ,sls izkf/kdr fd;s

tkus dh rkjh[k ls ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djsxkA

¼9½ ¼d½ izR;sd lkslkbVh izR;sd lk/kkj.k lfEeyu vkSj

mldh lfefr ds leLr vU; lfEeyuksa ds

leLr dk;Zo`Rr dks] dk;Zo`Rr iqLrd esa

vfHkfyf[kr djsxk(

¼[k½ ,slk dk;ZoRr lfEeyu esa vkeaf=r leLr

O;fDr;ksa dks lfEeyu dh lekfIr ds 30 fnu

ds Hkhrj ifjpkfyr fd;k tk,xk-

¼x½ bl izdkj vfHkfyf[kr fd;k x;k dk;ZoRr mDr

lfEeyu dh v/;{krk djus okys O;fDr }kjk

gLrk{kfjr fd;k tk,xk-

lfefr dh

dk;Zokfg;ksa dk

mRrjkf/kdkjh

lfefr }kjk

ckfryhdj.k-

49&[k bl vf/kfu;e esa] mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa esa ;k

fdlh lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa esa] vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr

ds gksrs gq, Hkh] fdlh lfefr }kjk ikfjr fd;k x;k

dksbZ Hkh ladYi] jftLVªkj dh fyf[kr iwoZ eatwjh ds

fcuk] mRrjkf/kdkjh lfefr }kjk mikUrfjr ;k ckfry

ugha fd;k tk,xk-

-61 -

yksdfgr vkfn

esa funs’k nsus dh

ljdkj dh

'kfDr-

49&x ¼1½ ;fn jkT; ljdkj dk] jftLVªkj ls fjiksVZ izkIr gksus

ij ;k vU;Fkk ;g lek/kku gks tkrk gS fd yksdfgr esa

;k ljdkj }kjk vuqeksfnr ;k gkFk esa fy, x,

lgdkjh mRiknu vkSj vU; fodkl dk;ZØeksa dk

leqfpr dk;kZUo;u lqfuf’pr djus ds iz;kstu ds fy,]

;k lk/kkj.kr% lkslkbVh ds dkedkt dk leqfpr izca/k

lqfuf’pr djus ds fy,] ;k lkslkbVh ds dk;Zdykiksa

dk lapkyu mlds lnL;ksa ;k fu{ksidrkZvksa ;k ysunkjksa

ds fgrksa ds fy, vik;dj jhfr esa fd;s tkus dk

fuokj.k djus ds fy, ;g vko’;d gS fd lk/kkj.kr%

lkslkbVh ds dkedkt dk leqfpr izcU/k lqfuf’pr

djus ds fy,] ;k lkslkbVh ds dk;Zdykiksa dk lapkyu

mlds lnL;ksa ;k fu{ksidrkZvksa ;k ysunkjksa ds fgrksa ds

fy, vik;dj jhfr esa fd;s tkus dk fuokj.k djus ds

fy, ;g vko’;d gS fd lk/kkj.kr% fdlh oxZ dh

lkslkbfV;ksa dks ;k fof’k"Vr% fdlh lkslkbVh ;k fdUgha

lkslkbfV;ksa dks funsZ’k tkjh fd;s tk,a rks jkT; ljdkj

mUgsa le;&le; ij funsZ’k tkjh dj ldsxh vkSj

;FkkfLFkfr lHkh lkslkbfV;ka ;k lacaf/kr lkslkbfV;ka

,sls funsZ’kksa dk vuqikyu djus ds fy, vkc) gksxh-

¼2½ jkT; ljdkj] mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu tkjh fd;s x;s

fdUgha funsZ’kksa dks mikUrfjr ;k jn~n dj ldsxh] vkSj

,sls funsZ’kksa dks mikUrfjr ;k jn~n djus esa ,slh 'krsaZ

vf/kjksfir dj ldsxh tks og Bhd le>s-

¼3½ tgka jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kku gks tkrk gS fd dksbZ

O;fDr ;k lfefr] mi/kkjk ¼1½ ;k ¼2½ ds v/khu fdlh

lkslkbVh dks tkjh fd;s x;s fdUgha funsZ’kksa ;k

mikUrfjr funsZ’kksa ds vuqikyu ds fy, mRrjnk;h Fkh

,sls funsZ’kksa dk vuqikyu djus esa i;kZIr dkj.k ;k

vkSfpR; ds fcuk vlQy jgrh gS ;k jgrk gS] ogka

jftLVªkj-&

¼,d½ fdlh lfefr ds ekeys esa] ,slh lfefr ds

fo:) dk;Zokgh /kkjk 53 ds mica/kksa ds vuqlkj

dj ldsxk( vkSj

¼nks½ fdlh O;fDr ds ekeys esa ;fn og O;fDr

lkslkbVh dh lfefr dk lnL; gS ;k lkslkbVh

dk dksbZ deZpkjh gS] ,sls O;fDr ds fo:)

dk;Zokgh ;FkkfLFkfr /kkjk 53&[k ds mica/kksa

ds vuqlkj ;k /kkjk 55 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds

v/khu fojfpr fu;eksa ds vuqlkj dj ldsxk(

-62 -

ijUrq ,sls funsZ’k ftuesa lkslkbVh dh foRrh;

gkfu varoZfyr gS] ,slh lkslkbVh dh lfefr dh gS]

vkSj tgka vko’;d gks ogka jk"Vªh; foRrh; laLFkkvksa dh

iwoZ lgefr ls gh] vkSj lkFk gh lkFk ,slh gkfu;ksa dk

iwjh rjg ls izfrdkj djus gsrq lE;d~ :Ik ls mica/k

vkSj vfxze vkcaVu djus ds i'pkr~ gh fn;s tk,axs-

fofu;e cukus

ds funs’k nsus

dh jftLVªkj

dh 'kfDr-

49&?k ¼1½ ;fn jftLVªkj dh ;g jk; gS fd lksslkbVh dh foRrh;

fLFkfr vkSj mlesa ljdkj ds foRrh; fgr dks /;ku esa

j[krs gq,] ;g vko’;d gS fd mlds O;kikj ;k

dkedkt djus dh jhfr dk fofu;eu fd;k tk, rks

og] bl fufeRr cuk, x, fdUgha fu;eksa ds v/;/khu

jgrs gq,] ,slh lkslkbVh dks funsZ’k ns ldsxk fd og

ml fufeRr fofu;e cuk, vkSj mUgsa vuqeksnu gsrq

mlds ikl Hksts-

¼2½ lkslkbVh }kjk cuk;s x;s fofu;eksa ds izkIr gksus ij]

jftLVªkj mUgsa mikUrj.kksa lfgr ;k mikUrj.kksa ds fcuk

vuqeksfnr dj ldsxk- ,sls fofu;eksa ds vuqeksfnr gks

tkus ij] og lkslkbVh viuk dkedkt ,sls fofu;eksa

ds vuqlkj djsxh-

¼3½ ;fn dksbZ lkslkbVh] jftLVªkj }kjk mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds

v/khu funsf’kr fd;s tkus ij] ls fofu;e ml rkjh[k

ls] ftldks ,slk funs’k fn;k x;k gS] rhu ekl dh

dkykof/k ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj dks Hkstus esa vlQy

jgrh gS rks jftLVªkj ,sls fofu;e Lo;a cuk,xk ;k

cuok,xk vkSj ml lkslkbVh ls ;g vis{kk djsxk fd

og viuk dkedkt ,sls fofu;eksa ds vuqlkj djs vkSj

rnqifj og lkslkbVh ,slh vis{kk dk vuqikyu djus ds

fy, vkc) gksxh-

dfri;

ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa

izca/k lapkyd

vkSj eq[;

dk;Zikyd

vf/kdkjh dh

fu;qfDr-

49&M- ¼1½ ¼d½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk, x,

fu;eksa ;k mifof/k;ksa esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds

gksrs gq, Hkh] fdlh ,slh 'kh"kZ lkslkbVh ds fy,]

tgka jkT; ljdkj us mldh va’kiwath esa

vfHknk; fd;k gS ;k m/kkj ;k foRrh; lgk;rk

nh gS ;k fdlh vU; :i esa fn, x, m/kkjksa ds

izfrnk; dh izR;kHkwfr nh gS] izFke oxZ ds

vf/kdkjh dh Js.kh ls vfuEu Js.kh dk ,d

izca/k lapkyd gksxk ftldk p;u jkT; Lrj

ij xfBr ,d lfefr }kjk fd;k tk,xk

ftlesa d`f"k mRiknu vk;qDr] 'kh"kZ lkslkbVh

dk v/;{k] jftLVªkj lgdkjh lkslkbVh vkSj

'kh"kZ lkslkbVh ds cksMZ }kjk ;k ukefufnZ"V ,d

-63 -

lapkyd gksxk(

ijUrq ;fn lfefr] izca/k lapkyd dk p;u

loZlEefr ls djus esa vlQy jgrh gS rks ekeyk

jkT; ljdkj dks fufnZ"V fd;k tk,xk ftldk

fofu’p; ml ij vafre gksxk(

¼[k½ izca/k lapkyd lfefr dk insu lnL; gksxk-

¼2½ ¼d½ izR;sd dsUnzh; lkslkbVh ds fy, bl vf/kfu;e

;k mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa ;k mifof/k;ksa

esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] tgka

jkT; ljdkj us mldh va’kiwath esa vfHknk;

fd;k gS ;k m/kkj ;k foRrh; lgk;rk nh gS ;k

m/kkjksa fMcsapjksa ;k vfxzeksa ds izfrnk; dh

izR;kHkwfr nh gS ;k fdlh vU; :Ik esa vuqnku

fn;s gSa] ogka f}rh; Js.kh vf/kdkjh dh in Js.kh

ls vfuEu in Js.kh dk ,d izca/k lapkyd ;k

egkizca/kd gksxk tks lkslkbVh dk eq[;

dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh vkSj lfefr dk insu lnL;

gksxk(

¼[k½ eq[; dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh dh fu;qfDr-&

¼,d½ /kkjk 54 ds v/khu la/kkfjr laoxZ ds

vf/kdkfj;ksa esa ls dh tk,xh] ;fn ,slk

laoxZ l`ftr fd;k x;k gS(

¼nks½ vU; n’kkvksa esa]jftVªkj ds iwoZ vuqeksnu

ls dh tk,xh%

¼x½ eq[; dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh ,sls dRrZO;ksa dk ikyu

djsxk vkSj ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djsxk tks

fofgr dh tk,a-

fo’ks"k lk/kkj.k

lfEeyu-

50 ¼1½ lfefr] fdlh Hkh le;] lkslkbVh dk fo’ks"k lk/kkj.k

lfEeyu cqyk ldsxh vkSj og jftLVªkj ds ;k lnL;ksa

dh dqy la[;k ds 1@10 lnL;ksa ls fyf[kr v/;is{kk

izkIr gksus ds i'pkr~ ,d ekl ds Hkhrj ,slk lfEeyu

cqyk;sxh-

¼2½ ;fn mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ"V dh xbZ v/;is{kk ds

vuqlkj fdlh lkslkbVh dk fo’ks"k lk/kkj.k lfEeyu

ugha cqyk;k tk; rks jftLVªkj ;k mlds }kjk bl

laca/k esa izkf/kd`r fd;s x;s fdlh O;fDr dks ;g 'kfDr

gksxh fd og ,slk lfEeyu cqyk;s vkSj ml lfEeyu

ds laca/k esa ;g le>k tk;xk fd og lfefr }kjk

-64 -

cqyk;k x;k lfEeyu gS-

¼2&d½ tgka dksbZ ,slk vkfQlj] ftldk fd bl vf/kfu;e ;k

mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ;k mifof/k;ksa ds

mica/kksa ds vuqlkj ,slk lfEeyu cqykus dk dRrZO;

Fkk] ;qfDr;qDr izfrgsrq ds fcuk ,slk lfEeyu cqykus esa

pwd djs] ogka jftLVªkj] vkns’k }kjk] ,sls vkfQlj dks

lfefr dk lnL; gksus ds fy, lkr o"kZ ls vuf/kd

,slh dkykof/k rd ds fy;s] ftls fd og ,sls vkns’k

esa fofufnZ"V djs] fujfgZr ?kksf"kr dj ldsxk vkSj ml

vkfQlj ij] ;fn og vkfQlj lkslkbVh dk deZpkjh

gks] ,slh 'kkfLr vf/kjksfir dj ldsxk] ikap gtkj

:i;s ls vf/kd u gksa%

ijUrq bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ vkns’k rc

rd ugha fn;k tk;xk tc rd fd lacaf/kr O;fDr dks

lquokbZ dk ;qfDr;qDr volj u ns fn;k x;k gks-

¼3½ fdlh fo’ks"k lk/kkj.k lfEeyu ds le{k ds fo"k;k sa esa]

/kkjk 49 esa fofufnZ"V fd;s x;s leLr fo"k; ;k muesa

ls dksbZ fo"k; lfEefyr gks ldsxk-

lkslkbVh dh

lfefr ;k

izfrfuf/k ;k

izR;k;qDr ds

fuokZpu esa

vH;FkhZ ;k

ernkrk gksus ds

fy, fujgZrk-

50&d ¼1½ dksbZ Hkh O;fDr lfefr ds lnL;] izfrfuf/k ;k

izR;k;qDr ds lnL; ds :Ik esa fuokZpu gsrq vH;FkhZ

gksus ds fy, vfgZr ugha gksxk] ;fn og ml lkslkbVh

;k fdlh vU; lkslkbVh ds izfr] fdlh ,sls m/kkj ;k

vfxze ds fy, tks mlus ,slh lkslkbVh ds lnL; ds

:Ik esa fy;k gS] ckjg ekg ls vf/kd dkykof/k ds fy,

O;frØeh jgrk gS-

¼1a&d½ dksbZ Hkh O;fDr] izfrfuf/k] izR;k;qDr ;k lfefr ds

lnL; ds :Ik esa fuokZpu gsrq vH;FkhZ gksus ds fy;s

vfgZr ugha gksxk] ;fn mldh nks ls vf/kd thfor

larku gSa ftuesa ls ,d dk tUe 26 tuojh] 2001 dks

;k mlds i'pkr gqvk gks-

¼1&[k½ mi/kkjk ¼1&d½ esa mYysf[kr in ij fuokZfpr dksbZ

O;fDr ,slk in /kkj.k djus ls fujfgZr gks tk,xk ;fn

26 tuojh] 2001 dks ;k mlds i'pkr~ ,d larku dk

tUe gks tkrk gS ftlls mldh larku dh la[;k nks

ls vf/kd gks tkrh gS-

-65 -

¼2½ dksbZ Hkh O;fDr lfefr] lkslkbVh ds izfrfuf/k;ksa ;k

izR;k;qDrksa ds fdlh fuokZpu esa er nsus ds fy,

gdnkj ugha gksxk ;fn og ml lkslkbVh ;k fdlh

vU; lkslkbVh ds izfr] fdlh ,sls m/kkj ;k vfxze ds

fy, tks mlus ,slh lkslkbVh ds lnL; ds :Ik esa

fy;k gS] ckjg ekl ls vf/kd dkykof/k ds fy,

O;frØeh jgrk gS-

dk;ksZaa dk

fof/kekU;dj.k-

51 fdlh lkslkbVh ;k fdlh lfefr ;k fdlh vf/kdkjh

dk dksbZ dk;Z dsoy bl dkj.k ls fd ml lkslkbVh

;k lfefr dh izfØ;k esa ;k mlds xBu esa ;k ,sls

vf/kdkjh dh fu;qfDr ;k fuokZpu esa dksbZ =qfV fo|eku

gSa] vFkok bl vk/kkj ij fd ,slk vf/kdkjh viuh

fu;qfDr ds fy;s fujfgZr Fkk] vfof/kekU; ugha le>k

tk,xk-

ljdkjh

ukefunsZf’kfr;ksa

dks fu;qDr

djus dh 'kfDr-

52 ¼1½ tgka jkT; ljdkj us-&

¼d½ fdlh lksslkbVh dh va’kiwath ds izfr vfHknk;

fd;k gks( ;k

¼[k½ fdlh lkslkbVh dks va’kiwath dk xBu djus eas ;k

mldh va’kiwath esa o`f} djus esa /kkjk 45 esa

micaf/kr fd;s x;s vuqlkj ijr% lgk;rk dh gks(

;k

¼x½ ewy/ku ds izfrlank; dks rFkk fdlh lkslkbVh

}kjk tkjh fd;s x;s fMcsapjksa ij C;kt ds lank;

dks izR;kHkwr fd;k gks( ;k

¼?k½ ewy/ku ds izfrlank; dks rFkk fdlh lkslkbVh dks

fn;s x;s _.kksa rFkk vfxzeksa ij C;kt ds lnk;

dks izR;kHkwr fd;k gks(

ogka jkT; ljdkj dks ;k jkT; ljdkj }kjk

bl fufeRr fofufnZ"V fd;s x;s fdlh izkf/kdkjh dks

,slh lkslkbVh dh leLr lfefr;ksa esa ;k muesa ls

fdlh lfefr esa pkj ls vuf/kd mrus O;fDr;ksa dks]

ftrus fd og Bhd le>s] uke fufnZ"V djus dk

vf/kdkj gksxk(

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu fdlh lkslkbVh dh lfefr esa

ukefufnZ"V fd;k x;k dksbZ O;fDr ,slh dkykof/k ds

fy, rFkk ,slh 'krksZa ij] tSlh dh fofgr dh

tk;@tk;sa in /kkj.k djsxk-

¼3½ bl vf/kfu;e esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh]

,sls izR;sd O;fDr dks] ftls fdlh lkslkbVh dh lfefr

esa mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu ukefufnZ"V fd;k x;k gks]

-66 -

,slh lfefr esa ,d er nsus dk vf/kdkj gksxk%

ijUrq ukefufnZ"V O;fDr lkslkbVh dh lfefr

ds inkf/kdkfj;ksa ds fdlh fuokZpu esa er nsus dk

gdnkj ugha gksxk-

¼4½ tc ljdkj us fdlh lkslkbVh dh va’kiwath esa vfHknk;

fd;k gks ;k ml lkslkbVh dks rhu yk[k :i;s ;k

mlls vf/kd ds fn;s x;s m/kkjksa rFkk vfxzeksa ds

ewy/ku ds izfrlank; rFkk ml ij ds C;kt ds lank;

dks izR;kHkwr fd;k gks vkSj lkslkbVh us vius LokfeRo

dh iwath ds iPPkhl izfr’kr ;k mlls vf/kd dh gkfu

mBkbZ gks] rks jkT; ljdkj bl vf/kfu;e] mlds

v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ;k lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa esa

vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds

v/khu mlds }kjk ukefufnZ"V fd;s x;s lnL;ksa esa ls

,d lnL; dks lkslkbVh dh lfefr ds lHkkifr ds

:Ik esa ukefufnZ"V dj ldsxh rFkk ukefufnZ"V fd,

x;s lnL;ksa esa ls ,d dks lkslkbVh ds izca/k funs’kd@

egkizca/kd@izca/kd ds :Ik esa Hkh fu;qDr dj ldsxh-

Lkfefr esa L=h

lnL;ksa dk

izfrfuf/kRo-

52&[k

;fn jkT; ljdkj dh jk; es ;g vko’;d gks fd ,slh

lkslkbVh dh ;k ,sls oxZ dh lkslkbVh;ksa dh]

ftUgsa@ftls fd og ¼jkT; ljdkj½ lk/kkj.k ;k fo"ks’k

vkns’k }kjk fofufnZ’V djsa] lfefr es L=h lnL;ksa dks

i;kZIr izfrfuf/kRo fn;k tk, rks og ¼jkT; ljdkj½

,slh lkslkbVh dks ;g funsZ’k ns ldsxh fd og viuh

lfefr esa fL=;ksa ds fy, LFkku ds vkj{k.k dh O;oLFkk

djsa%

ijUrq bl izdkj vkjf{kr j[ks x;s LFkkuksa dh

la[;k ,sls lfefr esa pkj ls vf/kd ugha gksxhA

ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd lkslkbVh ds vius lfefr esa

visf{kr la[;k esa L=h lnL; fuokZfpr djus esa

vlQy jgus ls ;k ,slh la[;k ls de la[;k esa L=h

lnL;ksa dks fuokZfpr djus dh n’kk esa] lfefr ds 'ks"k

lnL;] ,slh lkslkbVh ds mu L=h lnL;ksa esa ls] tks

,sls izfrfuf/kRo ds gdnkj gSa] visf{kr la[;k esa L=h

lnL;ksa dks lg;ksftr djsaxs vkSj visf{kr la[;k esa L=h

lnL;ksa dks lg;ksftr djus esa lfefr ds vlQy jgus

dh n’kk esa jftLVªkj ,slh lkslkbVh ds L=h lnL;ksa es

ls] tks ,sls izfrfuf/kRo ds gdnkj gSa] visf{kr la[;k esa

L=h lnL;ksa dks uke&funsZf’kr djsxkA

-67 -

lfefr dk

vfr"Bku-

53 ¼1½ ;fn] jftLVªkj dh jk; esa] fdlh lkslkbVh dh

lfefr]&

¼d½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k ml lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa

}kjk ;k muds v/khu ;k jftLVªkj }kjk ikfjr

fd;s x;s fdlh fof/kiw.kZ vkns’k }kjk ml ij

vf/kjksfir fd, x, dRrZO;ksa dk ikyu djus esa

mis{kkoku gS ;k ,sls dRrZO;ksa dk ikyu djus ds

fy, jtkeUn ugha gS( ;k

¼[k½ ,sls dk;Z djrh gS tks ml lkslkbVh ;k mlds

lnL;ksa ds fgr ds izfrdwy gaS( ;k

¼x½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa

;k lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa ds mica/kksa dk ;k

jftLVªkj }kjk ikfjr fdlh vkns’k dk vfrØe.k

djrh gS(

rks jftLVªkj] fyf[kr vkns’k }kjk] ml lfefr dks gVk

ldsxk vkSj ,slh fofufnZ"V dkykof/k ds fy,] tks

izFker% nks o"kZ ls vf/kd ugh gksxh fdlh O;fDr ;k

fdUgha O;fDr;ksa dks bl gsrq ls fu;qDr dj ldsxk fd

os ml lkslkbVh ds dk;Zdykiksa dk izca/k djsa%

ijUrq lgdkjh cSad ds ekeys esa] vfr"Bku dk

vkns’k fjtoZ cSad ls iwoZ ijke’kZ fd;s fcuk ugha fn;k

tk;sxk%

ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd ;fn dksbZ ,slh lalwpuk]

ftlesa fd izLrkfor dk;Zokgh ds laca/k esa Hkkjrh;

fjtoZ cSad ds fopkj vUrfoZ"V gksa] ml fuosnu ds]

ftlesa fd ijke’kZ pkgk x;k gks] ml cSad dks izkIr

gksus ds iSarkfyl fnu ds Hkhrj izkIr u gks] rks ;g

mi/kkj.kk dh tk,xh fd Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad izLrkfor

dk;Zokgh ls lger gS rFkk jftLVªkj ,slk vkns’k] tSlk

fd mfpr le>k tk;] ikfjr djus ds fy, Lora=

gksxk-

ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd lgdkjh cSad ds ekeys

esa] ;fn fjtoZ cSad yksdfgr esa ,slk visf{kr djs ;k

lgdkjh cSad ds fØ;kdykiksa dk ,slh jhfr esa lapkfyr

fd;k tkuk fuokfjr djus ds fy, tks fu{ksidRrkZvksa

ds fgrksa ds fy, vik;dj gks] ;k fdlh lgdkjh cSad

-68 -

dk izca/k mfpr jhfr esa fd;k tkuk lqfuf’pr djus ds

fy, jftLVªkj] mldh lfefr ;k izca/k fudk; ds] pkgs

og fdlh Hkh uke ls tkuk tkrk gks] vfr"Bku ds fy,

rFkk mlds fy, dqy feykdj ikap o"kZ ls vuf/kd

,slh dkykof/k ;k dkykof/k;ksa ds fy,] tks

le;&le; ij fjtoZ cSad }kjk fufnZ"V dh tk;]

iz’kkld dh fu;qfDr ds fy, vkns’k ikfjr djsxk vkSj

,slh fu;qfDr gksus ij mi/kkjk ¼4½] ¼5½] ¼6½ rFkk ¼8½ ds

mica/kksa bl izdkj ykxw gksaxs ekuksa fd vkns’k mi/kkjk

¼1½ ds v/khu ikfjr fd;s x;s gksa-

ijUrq ;g Hkh fd ;fn fdlh izkFkfed lkslkbVh

dh lfefr esa fdlh v’kkldh; O;fDr dks fu;qDr

fd;k tkrk gS rks og ml lkslkbVh ds mu lnL;ksa esa

ls gksxk tks ,sls izfrfuf/kRo ds gdnkj gSa vkSj dsUnzh;

;k 'kh"kZ lkslkbVh dh n’kk esa] ;fn dksbZ O;fDr ,slh

lkslkbVh dh lfefr esa fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gS rks og

mldh lac) lkslkbfV;ksa esa ls fdlh lkslkbVh dk

,slk lnL; gksxk tks ,sls izfrfuf/kRo ds fy, gdnkj

gks-

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu dksbZ Hkh vkns’k rc rd ikfjr

ugh fd;k tk;sxk tc rd fd ml lfefr dks

vfHkdFkuksa] nLrkostksa rFkk mlds fo:) yxk, x,

vkjksiksa ds leFkZu esa lkf{k;ksa dh ,d lwph rFkk

izLFkkfir vkns’k ds fo:} dkj.k n’kkZus dk ;qfDr;qDr

volj u ns fn;k x;k gks vkSj mlds }kjk fd, x,

vH;kosnu ij] ;fn dksbZ gks] fopkj u dj fy;k x;k

gks-

¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu vkns’k esa fofufnZ"V dh xbZ

dkykof/k] jftLVªkj ds foosdkuqlkj] le;&le; ij

c<+kbZ tk ldsxh-

ijUrq dksbZ Hkh ,slk vkns’k dqy feykdj rhu

o"kZ ls vf/kd ds fy, izo`Rr ugha jgsxk-

¼4½ bl izdkj fu;qDr fd, x, O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa dks]

jftLVªkj ds fu;a=.k ds rFkk ,sls vuqns’kksa ds] tks og

le;&le; ij ns] v/;/khu jgrs gq,] lfefr dh ;k

lkslkbVh ds fdlh vf/kdkjh dks leLr 'kfDr;ksa dk

;k muesa ls fdlh 'kfDr dk iz;ksx djus rFkk mlds

leLr d``R;ksa ;k muesa ls fdlh d`R; dk fuoZgu djus

vkSj leLr ,slh dk;Zokfg;ka] tks lkslkbVh ds fgr esa

visf{kr gSa] djus dh 'kfDr gksxh-

-69 -

¼5½ jftLVªkj og ikfjJfed fu;r dj ldsxk tks bl

izdkj fu;qDr fd;s x;s O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa dks ns; gksa]

,sls ikfjJfed dh jde rFkk ml lkslkbVh ds izcU/k

esa fd;s x;s vU; [kpsZ ;fn dksbZ gks] mldh fuf/k;ksa esa

ls ns; gksaxs-

¼6½ bl izdkj fu;qDr fd;k x;k@fd;s x;s O;fDr] viuh

fu;qfDr dh dkykof/k dk volku gks tkus ds iwoZ ml

lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa ds vuqlkj uohu lfefr ds

xBu ds fy, O;oLFkk djsxk@djsaxs-

¼7½ fdlh foRrnk;h cSad ds laca/k esa ;k fdlh ,slh

lkslkbVh] tks fdlh foRrnk;h cSad dh _.kh gks] ds

laca/k esa mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu dkjZokbZ djus ds iwoZ]

jftLVªkj] iwoZdfFkr ekeys esa] NRrhlx<+ jkT; lgdkjh

cSad e;kZfnr ls vkSj] i'pkr~ dfFkr ekeys esa] lacaf/kr

foRrnk;h cSad ls ,slh dk;Zokgh ds laca/k esa ijke’kZ

djsxk- ;fn ;FkkfLFkfr] NRrhlx<+ jkT; lgdkjh cSad

e;kZfnr ;k foRrnk;h cSad vius fopkj ml fuosnu ds]

ftlesa fd ijke’kZ pkgk x;k gks] ,sls cSad dks izkIr gksus

ds iSarkfyl fnu ds Hkhrj lalwfpr u djs] rks ;g

mi/kkj.kk dh tk;xh fd ;FkkfLFkfr NRrhlx<+ jkT;

lgdkjh cSad e;kZfnr ;k lacaf/kr foRrnk;h cSad

izLrkfor dkjZokbZ ls lger gS-

¼8½ /kkjk 48] 49 rFkk 50 esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs

gq, Hkh] ;fn fdlh ekeys esa lkslkbVh ds lk/kkj.k

fudk; rFkk mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu fu;qDr fd;s x;s

O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa ds chp dksbZ erHksn gks rks og

ekeyk fofu’p; ds fy, jftLVªkj dks funsZf’kr fd;k

tk;xk vkSj ml ij mldk fofu’p; vfUre gksxk%

ijUrq ;fn jftLVªkj] lk/kkj.k fudk; ds

lfEeyu ds rhu ekl ds Hkhrj dksbZ fofu’p; djus esa

vlQy jgrk gS rks lkslkbVh ds lk/kkj.k fudk; dk

fofu’p; vfUre gksxk-

¼9½ bl /kkjk esa dh fdlh ckr ds laca/k esa ;g ugha le>k

tk;xk fd og lkslkbVh ds ifjlekiu dk funs’k nsus

dh jftLVªkj dh 'kfDr ij izHkko Mkyrh gS-

¼10½ lwpuk ds tkjh fd;s tkus rFkk lfefr dks gVk;s tkus

ds vkns’k ikfjr fd;s tkus ds chp dh dkykof/k ds

nkSjku] jftLVªkj }kjk lfefr ls ;g vis{kk dh tk

ldsxh fd og ,sls izkf/kdkjh ds] ftls fd jftLVªkj

bl fufeRr fofufnZ"V djsa] i;Zos{k.k ds v/khu rFkk

mlds vuqeksnu ls d`R; djs vkSj lfefr }kjk fd;k

x;k dksbZ Hkh vkns’k ;k ikfjr fd;k x;k ladYi ;k

fd;k x;k dksbZ vU; dk;Z rc rd izHkkoh ugha gksxk

-70 -

tc rd fd og ,sls fofufnZZ"V izkf/kdkjh }kjk

vuqeksfnr u dj fn;k tk;(

ijUrq tgka mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu dkjZokbZ djus

ds fy, vxzlj gksrs gq, jftLVªkj dh ;g jk; gks fd

dk;Zokgh dh dkykof/k ds nkSjku lfefr dk fuyacu

lkslkbVh ds fgr esa vko’;d gS] rks og lfefr dks

fuyafcr dj ldsxk] tks ¼lfefr½ rnqijkar dk;Z djus

ls ifjfojr gks tk;xh] vkSj ,slk bUrtke dj ldsxk

tSlk fd mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu dk;Zokgh iwjh gksus rFkk

vkns’k tkjh gksus rd lkslkbVh ds dkedkt ds izca/k

ds fy, og mfpr le>s%

ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd fuyEcu dh dkykof/k

Ng ekl ls vf/kd ugha gksxh vkSj mDr dkykof/k dk

volku gks tkus ij lfefr dk fuyEcu izfrlag`r gks

tk;xk(

ijUrq ;g Hkh fd ;fn bl izdkj fuyfEcr

lfefr dk vfr"Bku Åij of.kZr dk;Zokfg;ksa ds fd,

tkus ds i'pkr~ ugha fd;k tkrk rks mls iqu% LFkkfir

fd;k tk,xk vkSj ml dkykof/k dh] ftlds nkSjku og

fuyfEcr jgh gS] x.kuk mlds dk;Zdky ds izfr ugha

dh tk,xh-

ijUrq ;g Hkh fd dksbZ fuyEcu vkns’k rc rd

ugha fd;k tk,xk tc rd fd lkslkbVh dh lfefr

dks lqus tkus dk ;qfDr;qDr volj u ns fn;k x;k gks-

¼11½ bl vf/kfu;e esa varfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh]

jftLVªkj] dsUnzh; lgdkjh cSadksa] uxjh; lgdkjh cSadksa

rFkk ftyk lgdkjh df"k vkSj xzkeh.k fodkl cSadksa ds

ekeys esa] ;fn fujUrj rhu foRrh; o"kksZa esa olwyh ekax

ds 60 izfr’kr ls de gS ;k vfr’kks/; ¼vksojM~;wt½ 40

izfr’kr ls vf/kd gS] ml cSad dh lfefr ;k izcU/k

lfefr ds] pkgs og fdlh Hkh uke ls iqdkjh tkrh gks]

gVk;s tkus ds fy, rFkk dqy feykdj ikap o"kZ ds

vuf/kd ,slh dkykof/k ;k dkykof/k;ksa ds fy,] tSlh

fd jftLVªkj }kjk fofufnZ"V dh tk;] mlds gsrq fdlh

iz’kkld dh fu;qfDr ds fy, vkns’k nsxk rFkk ,slh

fu;qfDr gksus ij mi/kkjk ¼4½] ¼5½ rFkk ¼6½ ds mica/k

bl izdkj ykxw gksaxs ekuksa fd vkns’k mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds

v/khu fn;k x;k Fkk%

ijUrq dksbZ Hkh ,slk vkns’k rc rd ugha fd;k

tk;sxk tc rd fd lfefr dks izLFkkfir vkns’k ds

-71 -

fo:) dkj.k n’kkZus dk ;qfDr;qDr volj u ns fn;k

x;k gks vkSj mlds }kjk fd;s x;s vH;kosnu ij] ;fn

dksbZ gks] fopkj u dj fy;k x;k gks-

¼12½ tc fdlh lkslkbVh dh lfefr dks mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds

v/khu vfrf"Br dj fn;k x;k gS rks ml lfefr dk

dksbZ lnL;] bl vf/kfu;e] mlds v/khu cuk, x,

fu;eksa ;k ml lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa esa varfoZ"V

fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh lkr o"kZ dh dkykof/k rd

ml lkslkbVh dh lfefr ds lnL; ds :Ik esa fuokZpu

yM+us ds fy, ik= ugha gksxk vkSj u gh mlesa

lg;kstu ;k ukefunsZ’ku ds fy, ik= gksxk(

ijUrq bl mi/kkjk dh dksbZ Hkh ckr fdlh

lkslkbVh dh lfefr ds lnL; dks ykxw ugha gksxh tks

fd lfefr ds ,sls fofu’p; dk ftlls mldk

vf/kØe.k gqvk gks i{kdkj ugha Fkk-

¼13½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa ;k

fdlh lkslkbVh dh] mifof/k;ksa esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr

ds gksrs gq, Hkh] ;fn fdlh lkslkbVh dh lfefr fdlh

U;k;ky; ds vkns’k ds dkj.k ;k vU;Fkk dk;Z djus ls

ifjfojr gks tk;] rks jftLVªkj ml le; rd ds fy;s

fdlh O;fDr dks ;k O;fDr;ksa dh lfefr dks vLFkk;h

:Ik ls fu;qDr dj ldsxk tc rd fd U;k;ky; dk

vkns’k ckfry u dj fn;k tk; ;k uohu fuokZpu u

gks tk; rFkk lfefr dk;ZHkkj xzg.k u dj ysa-

dk;Z Hkkj xzg.k

fd;k tkuk-

53&d ¼1½ ;fn]&

¼,d½ fdlh lkslkbVh dh lfefr] /kkjk 49 ds

v/khu lkslkbVh ds lk/kkj.k lfEeyu esa

iquxZfBr dh tkrh gS( ;k

¼nks½ fdlh lkslkbVh dh lfefr ds dk;Zdky dk

/kkjk 49 dh mi/kkjk ¼7&d½ ds v/khu

volku gks tkrh gS( ;k

¼rhu½ fdlh lkslkbVh dh lfefr] /kkjk 53 ds

v/khu gVk nh tkrh gS ;k fuyafcr dj nh

tkrh gS ;k d`R; djus ls ifjfojr gks tkrh

gS( ;k

¼pkj½ lkslkbVh dh /kkjk 69 ds v/khu ifjlekiu

fd;s tkus dk vkns’k fd;k tkrk gS]

rks ;FkkfLFkfr lfefr lkslkbVh dk dk;ZHkkj izkIr djus

dk gdnkj O;fDr ;k O;fDrx.k }kjk dk;ZHkkj-&

¼d½ Åij ¼,d½ dh n’kk esa] lk/kkj.k

lfEeyu esa lfefr ds fuokZpu dh

rkjh[k ls(

-72 -

¼[k½ Åij ¼nks½ dh n’kk esa] /kkjk 49 dh

mi/kkjk ¼7&d½ ds v/khu jkT; ljdkj

}kjk tkjh vkns’k dh rkjh[k ls%

¼x½ Åij ¼rhu½ dh n’kk esa] jftLV ªkj ds ml

vkns’k dh rkjh[k ls ftlds }kjk

mls@mUgsa lkslkbVh ds dk;Zdykiksa dk

izca/k djus ds fy, fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS(

vkSj

¼?k½ Åij ¼pkj½ dh n’kk esa] jftLVªkj ds ml

vkns’k dh rkjh[k ls ftlds }kjk

ifjlekid fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS%

xzg.k djsxk@djsaxs vkSj lfefr ds cfgxkZeh lnL;ksa ds

fy;s ;g vkc)dj gksxk fd os lkslkbVh ds vfHkys[kksa

vkSj lEifRr dk izHkkj] ,sls dk;ZHkkj xzg.k djus okys

O;fDr;ksa dks blesa micaf/kr rkjh[k dks lkSai nsa-

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu ;FkkfLFkfr lfefr ;k lkslkbVh

dk dk;ZHkkj izkIr djus ds fy, gdnkj O;fDr ds

laca/k esa ;g le>k tk;xk fd mlus vius in dk

dk;ZHkkj mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa of.kZr rkjh[k ls xzg.k dj

fy;k gS] pkgs ,slk dk;ZHkkj oLrqr% lkSaik x;k gks ;k u

lkSaik x;k gks-

dfri;

ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa

fdlh lkslkbVh

ds fdlh

vf/kdkjh dks

gVkus dh

jftLVªkj dh

'kfDr-

53&[k ¼1½ ;fn jftLVªkj dh jk; esa] lgdkjh lkslkbVh ds fdlh

vf/kdkjh us bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s

fu;eksa ;k fdlh lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa }kjk

muds@mlds v/khu vf/kjksfir fd;s x;s vius dRrZO;ksa

ds fuoZgu esa ?kksj mis{kk dh gS ;k vius diViw.kZ dk;Z

}kjk lkslkbVh dks foRrh; gkfu igqapkbZ gS] rks

jftLVªkj] fdlh Hkh ,slh vU; dk;ZokbZ ij] tks fd

mlds fo:) dh tk; ;k dh tk ldrh gks] izfrdwy

izHkko Mkys fcuk] lkslk;Vh ls vis{kk dj ldsxk fd

og ,sls vf/kdkjh dks mlds }kjk /kkfjr in ls fdlh

fofufnZV dkykof/k ls gVk ns vkSj tgka vko’;d gks

‘ogka ls ml lkslk;Vh ds v/khu dksbZ in /kkj.k djus

ds fy;s rshu o"kZ ls vukf/kd dkykof/k ds fy;s

fugfjZr dj ns] rnUrj lkslk;Vh laca/kh vf/kdkjh dks

lkslk;Vh lacaf/kr vf/kdkjh dks lquokbZ dk volj nsus

ds i'pkr~~ ,sls vkns’k ikfjr djsxh tSls fd og mfpr

le>s-

¼2½ Lkslk;Vh }kjk mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu dk;Zokgh u fd

tkus ij] jftLVªkj ml vf/kdkjh dks lquokbZ dk

volj nsus ds i'pkr rFkk ,sls dkj.kksa ls] tks fd

vfHkfyf[kr fd;s tk;sxs ,oa lacaf/kr vf/kdkjh ,oa

lkslk;Vh dks lalwfpr fd;s tk;sxs] ml vf/kdkjh dks

gVk ldsxk ;k gVkus ds lkFk gh lkFk ml vkns’k esa

-73 -

fofufnZ"V dh x;h dkykof/k rd ds fy;s ml

lkslk;Vh ds v/khu dksbZ ij /kkj.k djus ds fy;s rhu

o"kZ ls vuf/kr dkykof/k rd ds fy;s fujfgZr dj ldsxk-

¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ;k mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu gVk;k x;k

vf/kdkjh ml vkns'k ds lalwfpr fd, tkus dh rkjh[k

ls ml in dk /kkj.kdŸkkZ ugha jg tk,xk vkSj ;fn

og fujfgZr dj fn;k x;k gks rks og bl ckr ds fy,

ik= ugha gksxk fd og ml vkns'k esa fofufnZ"V dh

dkbZ dkykof/k ds nkSjku ml lkslkbVh ds v/khu dksbZ

in /kkj.k djsaA

izca/kdksa] lfpoksa

rFkk vU;

vf/kdkfj;ksa dh

fu;qfDr-

54- ¼1½ dksbZ Hkh lkslkbVh fdlh izca/kd] lfpo] ys[kkiky ;k

fdlh Hkh vU; oS/kkfud vf/kdkjh dks rc rd fu;qDr

ugha djsxh tc rd fd og ,slh vgZrk,a u /kkj.k

djrk gks tSlh fd fofgr dh tk;a-

¼2½ 'kh"kZ lkslkbfV;ka rFkk dsUnzh; lkslkbfV;ka vkfQljksa

rFkk vU; lsodksa ds ,sls laoxZ ¼dkMj½ cuk;s j[ksaxh

ftldk fd jkT; ljdkj] vkns’k }kjk] funs’k ns vkSj

,sls laoxZ ds lnL;ksa dh lsok dh 'krsaZ ,slh gksaxh tSlh

fd jftLVªkj] vkns’k }kjk vo/kkfjr djs-

¼3½ jkT; ljdkj] vf/klwpuk }kjk] mu lkslkbfV;ksa ds oxZ

dks fofufnZ"V dj ldsxh tks fd mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu

'kh"kZ lkslkbfV;ksa ;k dsUnzh; lkslkbfV;ksa }kjk cuk;s

x;s ,sls laoxksZa esa ls] tSls fd mlesa ¼vf/klwpuk esa½

fofufnZ"V fd;s tk;a] vkfQljksa dks fu;ksftr djsaxh

vkSj mu lkslkbfV;ksa ds oxZ ds fy, ;g ck/;rkdkjh

gksxk fd og ,sls laoxZ ds vf/kdkfj;ksa dks tc dHkh

'kh"kZ ;k dsUnzh; lkslkbfV;ksa }kjk mUgsa izfrfu;qDr

fd;k tk;] Lohdkj djs rFkk mUgas mu laoxZ inksa ij

fu;qDr djsa-

lkslkbfV;ksa esa

ds fu;kstuksa dh

'krksZa dk

vo/kkj.k djus

dh jftLVªkj

dh 'kfDr-

55 ¼1½ jftLVªkj fdlh lkslkbVh esa ds ;k fdlh oxZ dh

lkslkbfV;ksa esa ds fu;kstu ds fucU/kuksa rFkk 'krksaZ dks

'kkflr djus okys fu;e le;&le; ij cuk ldsxk

vkSj og lkslkbVh ;k ml oxZ dh lkslkbfV;ka

ftudks@ ftldks fd fu;kstu ds ,sls fuca/ku rFkk

'krsZa ykxw gksrh gksa] ml vkns’k dk ikyu djsaxh@djsxh

tks fd ml laca/k esa jftLVªkj }kjk tkjh fd;k tk;-

¼2½ tgka dksbZ ,slk fookn] ftlesa fu;kstu] ds fuca/kuksa]

dkedkt dh 'krsZa rFkk fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk dh xbZ

vuq’kklfud dk;Zokgh ls lacaf/kr fookn gS] fdlh

lkslkbVh rFkk mlds deZpkfj;ksa ds chp mBs] ogka ml

fookn dk fofu’p; jftLVªkj ;k ,sls fdlh vU;

vf/kdkjh }kjk] tks lgk;d jftLVªkj ls fuEu in Js.kh

dk u gks] fd;k tk;xk vkSj mldk fofu’p; ml

-74 -

lkslkbVh rFkk mlds deZpkfj;ksa dks vkc)dj gksxk-

ijUrq jftLVªkj ;k Åij fufnZ"V fd;k x;k

vf/kdkjh ml fookn dks rc rd xzg.k ugha djsxk tc

rd fd og ¼fookn½ ml vkns’k dks] ftldk fd vk{ksi

fd;k tkuk pkgk x;k gS] rkjh[k ls rhl fnu ds Hkhrj

mlds le{k is’k u fd;k tk;%

ijUrq ;g vkSj fd iwoZorhZ ijUrqd ds v/khu

ifjlhek dky dh lax.kuk djus esa] vkns’k dh

izfrfyfi vfHkizkIr djus ds fy;s visf{kr le;

vioftZr dj fn;k tk;sxk-

ck/;rk dk

ikyu djkus dh

jftLVªkj dh

'kfDr-

56 ¼1½ izR;sd lkslkbVh ,sls vfHkys[k] jftLVj rFkk

ys[kk&iqLrdsa cuk;s j[ksxh rFkk jftLVªkj dks ,slh

tkudkjh rFkk ,slh foojf.k;ka nsxh ftudh fd mlds

}kjk le;&le; ij vis{kk dh tk;-

¼2½ izR;sd lkslkbVh fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k deZpkjh ij bl

ckr dk fofufnZ"V mRrjnkf;Ro fujksfir djsxh fd og

,sls vfHkys[k] jftLVj rFkk ys[kk&iqLrdsa cuk;s j[ks

vkSj jftLVªkj dks ,slh tkudkjh rFkk ,slh foojf.k;ka]

tSlh fd jftLVªkj vkns’k }kjk le;&le; ij visf{kr

djs] ,sls vkns’k esa fofufnZ"V dh xbZ dkykof/k ds Hkhrj

nsa-

¼3½ ;fn lkslkbVh dk dksbZ ,slk vf/kdkjh ;k deZpkjh]

ftl ij fd fofufnZ"V mRrjnkf;Ro mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds

v/khu fujksfir fd;k x;k gks] vfHkys[k] jftLVj rFkk

ys[kk&iqLrdsa ugha cuk;s j[krk gS vkSj jftLVªkj dks

,slh tkudkjh rFkk ,slh foojf.k;ka] tSlh fd jftLVªkj

vis{kk djs] fofufnZ"V le; ds Hkhrj ugha nsrk gS] rks

jftLVªkj vkns’k }kjk] ,sls vf/kdkjh ds ckjs esa ;g

?kksf"kr dj ldsxk fd og rhu o"kZ ls vuf/kd ,slh

dkykof/k ds nkSjku tSlh fd og ,sls vkns’k esa

fofufnZ"V djsa] lfefr dk lnL; gksus ds fy, fujfgZr

jgsxk vkSj ;fn og vf/kdkjh lkslkbVh dk deZpkjh gS

rks ml ij ,slh 'kkfLr tks ikap gtkj :i;s ls vf/kd

u gks] vf/kjksfir dj ldsxk%

ijUrq bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ Hkh vkns’k rc

rd ugha fd;k tk;xk tc rd fd lacaf/kr O;fDr dks

lquokbZ dk ;qfDr;qDr volj u ns fn;k tk;-

-75 -

vfHkys[kksa vkfn

ds vfHkxzg.k

djus dh

jftLVªkj dh

'kfDr-

57 ¼1½ tgka jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kku gks tk; fd-&

¼d½ fdlh lkslkbVh ds vfHkys[kksa] jftLVjksa ;k

ys[kk&iqLrdksa dk fcxkM+k tkuk ;k u"V fd;k

tkuk laHkkO; gS rFkk fdlh lkslkbVh dh fuf/k;ksa

,oa laifRr dk nqfoZfu;ksx ;k nq:i;kstu fd;k

tkuk laHkkO; gS( ;k

¼[k½ ml n’kk esa] tc fd fdlh lkslkbVh dh lfefr

ml lkslkbVh ds lk/kkj.k vf/kos’ku esa iquxZfBr

dh xbZ gks vFkok lkslkbVh dh lfefr jftLVªkj

}kjk /kkjk 53 ds v/khu gVk nh xbZ gks vFkok

/kkjk 69 ds v/khu lkslkbVh dk lekiu dj

fn;k tkus dk vkns’k fn;k x;k gks] lfefr ds

cfgxkZeh lnL; lkslkbVh ds vfHkys[k rFkk

mldh laifRr dk Hkkj mu O;fDr;ksa dks] ftUgsa

fd ,slk Hkkj ysuk gks ;k tks ,slk Hkkj izkIr

djus ds fy, gdnkj gS] lkSaius ls bUdkj djrs

gSa(

ogka jftLVªkj ml O;fDr dks] tks fd mlds

}kjk fyf[kr esa lE;d:is.k izkf/kd`r fd;k x;k gks

ml lkslkbVh dh ,slh iqLrdksa rFkk vfHkys[kksa] fuf/k;ksa

,oa lEifRr dks vfHkxzfgr djus rFkk dCts esa ysus dk

funs’k nsrs gq,] vkns’k tkjh dj ldsxk vkSj ml

lkslkbVh dk og vf/kdkjh ;k tks ,slh iqLrdksa]

vfHkys[kksa] fuf/k;ksa rFkk laifRr dh vfHkj{kk ds fy,

mRrjnk;h gksa] mudk ifjnku ml O;fDr dks] tks bl

izdkj izkf/kd`r fd;k x;k gks] dj nsxk@nsaxs-

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds [k.M ¼[k½ ds v/khu vkns’kksa dk

vuqikyu lqfuf’pr djus ds fy,] jftLVªkj ,slh

dk;Zokgh dj ldsxk ;k djok ldsxk vkSj iqfyl cy

dks lfEefyr djrs gq,] ,sls U;wure cy dk mi;ksx

dj ldsxk ;k djok ldsxk tSlk fd vko’;d le>k

tk;-

vfHkys[k rFkk

laifRr dk

dCtk ysuk-

57&d ¼1½ tgka jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kku gks tk; fd fdlh

lkslkbVh dh iqLrdksa rFkk vfHkys[kksa dk nck fn;k

tkuk] fcxkM+k tkuk ;k u"V fd;k tkuk] ;k fdlh

lkslkbVh dh fuf/k;ksa rFkk laifRr dk nqfoZfu;ksx ;k

nq:i;kstu fd;k tkuk laHkkO; gS] ogka jftLVªkj ;k

mlds }kjk izkf/kdr fd;k x;k O;fDr ml dk;Zikyd

eftLVªsV dks] ftldh fd vf/kdkfjrk ds Hkhrj

lkslkbVh dk;Z dj jgh gks] lkslkbVh ds vfHkys[kksa rFkk

laifRr dk vfHkxzg.k djus rFkk dCtk ysus ds fy,

vkosnu dj ldsxk-

-76 -

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu vkosnu&i= izkIr gksus ij] og

eftLVªsV mi&fujh{kd dh in Js.kh ls vfuEu Ikn

Js.kh ds fdlh iqfyl vf/kdkjh dks bl ckr ds fy,

izkf/kd`r dj ldsxk fd og fdlh ,sls LFkku esa] tgka

fd os vfHkys[k rFkk lEifRr j[kh gqbZ gks ;k tgka fd

mu vfHkys[kksa rFkk lEifRr dk j[kk tkuk laHkkO; gks]

izos’k djs] vkSj mldh ryk’kh ys rFkk mudk vfHkxzg.k

djds mudk dCtk ;FkkfLFkfr jftLVªkj ;k mlds }kjk

izkf/kd`r fd;s x;s O;fDr dks lkSai ns-

NBoka v/;k; & laijh{kk] tkap] fujh{k.k rFkk i;Zos{k.k

laijh{kk rFkk

laijh{kk Qhl-

58 ¼1½ jftLVªkj izR;sd o"kZ de ls de ,d ckj izR;sd

lkslkbVh ds ys[kkvksa dh laijh{kk djsxk ;k fdlh ,sls

O;fDr }kjk] ftls mlus] lk/kkj.kr;k fo’ks"k vkns’k

}kjk] fyf[kr esa bl fufeRr izkf/kd`r fd;k gks]

-77 -

djok;sxk vkSj ,slh lkslkbVh ls ,slh Qhl olwy

djsxk tks fd fofgr dh tk; (

ijUrq-&

¼,d½ jkT; ljdkj] vf/klwpuk }kjk] mlesa

fofufnZ"V fd;s tkus okys dkj.kksa ls]

lkslkbfV;ksa ds fdlh oxZ dks NwV ns

ldsxh(

¼nks½ jftLVªkj] ys[kc) fd;s tkus okys

dkj.kksa ls] fdlh lkslkbVh dks bl

mi/kkjk ds v/khu Qhl ;k mlds Hkkx

ds Hkqxrku ls NwV ns ldsxk-

ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd dksbZ dsUnzh; lkslkbVh

;k dksbZ 'kh"kZ lkslkbVh ;k dksbZ uxjh; lgdkjh cSad

vius ys[kkvksa dh laijh{kk] jftLVªkj }kjk vuqeksfnr

pkVZMZ ,dkmUVsUV ls djok ldsxh-

ijUrq ;g Hkh fd ;fn ogka laijh{kk fjiksVZ iw.kZ

gksus ;k tkjh gksus ds i'pkr~] dksbZ foRrh; vfu;ferrk

;k xcu dh f’kdk;r gksrh gS rks jftLVªkj] bl

iz;kstu ds fy, fo’ks"k laijh{kk gsrq vkns’k ns ldsxk-

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu dh laijh{kk esa ys[kkvksa dh rFkk

vfr’kks/; _.kksa dh] ;fn dksbZ gks] ijh{kk] jftLVªkj

}kjk bl vf/kfu;e] mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa

vkSj lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa ds v/khu fn, x,

vuqns’kksa rFkk vkns’kksa dk vuqikyu dh ijh{kk jksdM+

ckdh rFkk izfrHkwfr;ksa dk lR;kiu rFkk lkslkbfV;ksa dh

vkfLr;ksa rFkk nkf;Roksa dk ewY;kadu ,oa ,slh vU; ensa

tks fd jftLVªkj }kjk fofufnZ"V dh tk,a] lfEefyr gSa-

¼3½ jftLVªkj ;k izkf/kdr O;fDr dh leLr le;ksa ij

lkslkbVh dh ;k mldh vfHkj{kk esa dh leLr iqLrdksa]

ys[kkvksa] nLrkostksa] dkxt&Ik=ksa] izfrHkwfr;ksa] jksdM+

rFkk vU; lEifRr;ksa rd igqap gksxh vkSj fdlh Hkh

,sls O;fDr dks] ftlds fd dCts esa dksbZ ,sls iqLrd]

ys[ks] nLrkostsa] dkxt&i=] izfrHkwfr;ka] jksdM+ ;k vU;

lEifRr;ka gks] ;k tks mudh vfHkj{kk ds fy,

mRrjnk;h gks] mUgsa ml lkslkbVh ds eq[;ky; ds ;k

mldh fdlh 'kk[kk ij ds fdlh LFkku ij is’k djus

ds fy, leu dj ldsxk-

-78 -

¼4½ izR;sd ,slk O;fDr] tks fdlh lkslkbVh dk vf/kdkjh

;k deZpkjh gks vFkok fdlh le; jg pqdk gks] rFkk

fdlh lkslkbVh dk izR;sd lnL; rFkk HkwriwoZ lnL;

ml lkslkbVh ds laO;ogkjksa ,oa dk;Zdj.k ds ckjs esa

,slh tkudkjh nsxk tSlh dh jftLVªkj ;k mlds }kjk

izkf/kd`r fd;k x;k O;fDr fd;k visf{kr djs-

laijh{kk cksMZ- 58&d fdlh lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ksa ds oXkZ dh laijh{kk

rFkk mlds Ik;Zos{k.k dk lapkyu djus ds iz;kstu ls]

jkT; ljdkj ,d laijh{kk cksMZ dk xBu dj ldsxh

tks jftLVªkj dh ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx dj ldsxk

ftls jkT; ljdkj vf/klwpuk }kjk bl fufeÙk

fofufnZ"V djs vkSj bu 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx laijh{kk

cksMZ] jftLVªkj dks vioftZr djrs gq, djsxk-

fdlh lkslkbVh

dks gq, uqdlku

dks iwjk djus

ds fy, izfØ;k-

58&[k ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k fu;eksa esa ;k fdlh lkslkbVh dh mi

fof/k;ksa esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] tgka

mldh va’kiwath esa jkT; ljdkj us vfHknk; fd;k gS

;k m/kkj ;k foÙkh; lgk;rk nh gS ;k fdlh vU; :i

esa fn, x, m/kkjksa] fMcsapjksa ;k vfxzeksa ds izfrnk; dh

izR;kHkwfr nh gS ;k fdlh vU; :i esa vuqnku fn;k gS

vkSj ;fn fdlh lkslkbVh dh laijh{kk] tkap] fujh{k.k

;k ifjlekiu ds nkSjku ;k vU;Fkk ;g ik;k tk, fd

fdlh ,sls O;fDr us] ftls ,slh lkslkbVh ds laxBu ;k

izca/k dk dk;Z lkSaik x;k gS] ;k lkSaik x;k Fkk] ;k

lfefr ds fdlh e`r] HkwriwoZ ;k orZeku lHkkifr]

lfpo] lnL;] lkslkbVh ds vf/kdkjh ;k deZpkjh us

bl vf/kfu;e ds ;k mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ds

;k fdlh lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa ds mica/kksa ds

izfrdwy dksbZ Hkqxrku fd;k gS ;k ?kksj mis{kk ;k

vopkj }kjk dksbZ deh ?kfVr dh gS ;k dksbZ gkfu

igqapkbZ gS ;k ,slh lkslkbVh ds fdlh /ku ;k vU;

laifÙk dk nqfoZfu;ksx fd;k gS ;k ml /ku ;k vU;

lEifÙk dks diViwoZd j[k NksM+k gS] rks jftLVªkj

Loizsj.kk ls ;k lfefr] lekid ;k fdlh ysunkj dk

vkosnu i= izkIr gksus ij ,sls O;fDr ds vkpj.k dh

tkap ;FkkfLFkfr] laijh{kk] tkap ;k fujh{k.k dh fjiksVZ

dh rkjh[k ds nks o"kZ ds Hkhrj Lo;a dj ldsxk ;k

vius }kjk izkf/kdr fd;s x;s fdlh O;fDr dks bl

laca/k esa fyf[kr vkns’k }kjk ;g funs’k ns ldsxk fd

og ,sls O;fDr ds vkpj.k dh tkap] ;FkkfLFkfr

laijh{kk] tkap ;k fujh{k.k ;k ifjlekiu dh fjiksVZ dh

rkjh[k ds nks o"kZ ds Hkhrj djs%

-79 -

ijUrq fdlh O;fDr ds fo:) ,slh tkap rc rd

lafLFkr ugh dh tk,xh tc rd fd lacaf/kr O;fDr

dks lquokbZ dk ;qfDr;qDr volj u ns fn;k x;k gks-

¼2½ ;fn mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu dh xbZ tkap ij] jftLVªkj

dk ;g lek/kku gks tk, fd bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu

vkns’k nsus ds fy, i;kZIr vk/kkj gS rks og] ,sls O;fDr

ls ;k] fdlh er O;fDr dh n’kk esa] mlds fof/kd

izfrfuf/k ls tks fd mldh lEink fojklr esa izkIr

djs] ;g vis{kk djrs gq, vkns’k dj ldsxk fd og

,slh nj ls] tSlh fd jftLVªkj U;k;laxr rFkk lE;d~

le>sa] laxf.kr fd;s x;s C;kt lfgr ml /ku ;k

laifÙk ;k mlds fdlh Hkkx dk izfrlank; ;k

izR;korZu djs ;k vfHknk; [kpksZ dk izfrdj ;k Hkqxrku

,slh lhek rd djs tSlh fd jftLVªkj U;k;laxr rFkk

lkfE;d~ le>sa%

ijUrq bl /kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ Hkh vkns’k rc rd

ugh fn;k tk,xk tc rd fd lacaf/kr O;fDr dks ml

ekeys esa lqus tkus dk ;qfDr;qDr volj u ns fn;k

tk;%

ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd e`rd ds fdlh fof/kd

izfrfuf/k dk nkf;Ro erd dh ml lEifÙk] tks fd

,sls fof/kd izfrfuf/k ds gkFk esa vkbZ gks] dh lhek rd

gh gksxk-

¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu fd, x, fdlh vkns’k ls O;fFkr

dksbZ Hkh O;fDr mls vkns’k lalwfpr fd, tkus dh

rkjh[k ls rhl fnu ds Hkhrj vf/kdj.k dks jkT;

ljdkj dks vihy dj ldsxk%

ijUrq ifjlhekdky dh lax.kuk djus esa] ml

vkns’k dh] ftlds fo:) vihy dh xbZ gS] izfrfyfi

vfHkizkIr djus ds fy, visf{kr le; vioftZr dj

fn;k tk,xk-

¼4½ mi/kkjk ¼2½ ;k mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu fd;k x;k dksbZ

vkns’k /kkjk 85 ds mica/kksa ds vuqlkj izofrZr fd;k

tk,xk-

¼5½ ;fn 'kiFk i= ;k tkap ds vk/kkj ij ;k vU;Fkk

jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kku gks tkrk gS fd dksbZ O;fDr

fdlh ,sls vkns’k ds] tks bl /kkjk ds v/khu mlds

fo:) fd;k tk ldrk gS] izorZu esa foyEc djus ;k

ck/kk igqapkus ds vk’k; ls-&

-80 -

¼d½ viuh lEiw.kZ laifÙk ;k mlds fdlh Hkkx dks

O;;fur djus okyk gS( ;k

¼[k½ viuh laiw.kZ laifÙk ;k mlds fdlh Hkkx dks

jftLVªkj dh vf/kdkfjrk ls gVkus okyk gS-

rks og] tc rd fd Ik;kZIr izfrHkwfr u ns nh xbZ gks]

mDr laifÙk dh ;k mlds ,sls Hkkx dh] ftls og

vko’;d le>s] l’krZ dqdhZ dk funsZ’k ns ldsxk-

tkap- 59 ¼1½ jftLVªkj-&

¼,d½ fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh] ftlls fd lkslkbVh

lac) gS( ;k

¼nks½ fdlh ,sls ysunkj] ftldh lkslkbVh _.kh gS( ;k

¼rhu½ lfefr ds de ls de ,d&frgkbZ lnL;ksa( ;k

¼pkj½ lkslkbVh ds lnL;ksa dh dqy la[;k ds de ls

de ,d&n’keka’k lnL;kaas(

ds vkosnu ij ;k vkosnu i= esa mBk, x, lkslkbVh

ds xBu] dk;Zdj.k vkSj foRrh; fLFkfr ds laca/k esa

fofufnZ"V fo"k;ksa ds ckjs esa tkap dj ldsxk ;k tkap

djok ldsxk-

¼2½ jftLVªkj] vkosnd ;k vkosndksa ls dsoy ,slh Qhl]

tks fofgr dh tk, vkSj tks tkap dks lapkfyr djus

ds [kpZ dh iwfrZ ds fy, i;kZIr le>h tk,] izkIr gksus

ds i'pkr~ gh fdlh tkap ds vkns’k djsxk-

¼3½ ,slh tkap] tkap ds vkns’k gksus dh rkjh[k ls pkj ekl

dh dkykof/k ds Hkhrj iwjh dh tk,xh-

¼4½ jftLVªkj] tkap iwjh gksus dh rkjh[k ls ,d ekl dh

dkykof/k ds Hkhrj] tkap dh fjiksVZ-&

¼,d½ lacaf/kr lkslkbVh dks(

¼nks½ vkosndksa ;k ,sls O;fDr dks] tks ,slh fjiksVZ

izkIr djus ds fy, vkosndksa }kjk ukefufnZ"V

fd;k x;k gS(

¼rhu½ lkslkbVh ds fdlh lnL; dks(

¼pkj½ ,sls ifjla?k dks] ftldh fd lkslkbVh lnL; gS(

¼ikap½ ysunkj dks(

mlds }kjk fofgr Qhl dk lank; fd;s tkus ij]

lalwfpr djsxk-

tkap esa lgk;rk

djus dk

dfri;

O;fDr;ksa dk

dRrZO;-

59&d ¼1½ lkslkbVh ds leLr vf/kdkjh] lnL; rFkk HkwriwoZ

lnL;] ftuds fd laca/k esa tkap dh tk jgh gks] rFkk

dksbZ vU; O;fDr tks tkap djus okys vf/kdkjh dh

jk; esa] lkslkbVh ls lacaf/kr tkudkjh] iqLrdksa rFkk

dkxt&i=ksa dk dCtk j[ks gq, gksa] tkap djus okys

vf/kdkjh dks ,slh tkudkjh] tks fd muds dCts esa gks]

nsaxs rFkk lkslkbVh ls lacaf/kr leLr iqLrdsa ,oa

dkxt&i=] tks mudh vfHkj{kk esa gksa rFkk mudh 'kfDr

-81 -

ds v/khu gksa] is’k djsaxs rFkk tkap ds laca/k esa vU; izdkj

ls og leLr lgk;rk nsaxs tks fd os ;qfDr;qDr :i ls ns

ldrs gksa-

¼2½ ;fn ,slk O;fDr jftLVªkj ds le{k ;k fdlh ,sls

O;fDr ds le{k tks fd jftLVªkj }kjk /kkjk 59 dh

mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu izkf/kd`r fd;k x;k gks] dksbZ

,slh iqLrd ;k dksbZ ,sls dkxt&Ik=] ftUgsa is’k djuk

mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu ml O;fDr dk dRrZO; gS] is’k

djus ls bUdkj djs ;k fdlh ,sls iz’u dk tks fd

mlls jftLVªkj ;k mlds }kjk izkf/kd`r fd;s x;s

O;fDr }kjk fd;k tk;] mRrj nsus ls bUdkj djs] rks

jftLVªkj ;k jftLVªkj }kjk izkf/kd`r fd;k x;k O;fDr

ml bUdkj dks izekf.kr dj ldsxk vkSj jftLVªkj dksbZ

,slk dFku] tks fd izfrokn esa fn;k tk;] lquus ds

i'pkr~ O;frØeh dks 'kkfLr ls] tks ,d gtkj :i;s ls

vf/kd ugha gksxh] nf.Mr dj ldsxk- bl /kkjk ds

v/khu 'kkfLr ds :Ik esa vf/kjksfir dh xbZ dksbZ jkf’k]

vf/kdkfjrk j[kus okys eftLVªsV dks jftLVªkj }kjk ;k

mlds }kjk izkf/kdr O;fDr }kjk vkosnu fd;k tkus

ij] eftLVªsV }kjk mlh izdkj olwyh gksxh ekuksa fd

og Lo;a ml eftLVªsV }kjk vf/kjksfir fd;k x;k

tqekZuk gks-

lkslkbVh dh

iqLrdksa dk

fujh{k.k-

60 ¼1½ jftLVªkj Loizsj.kk ls ;k fdlh lkslkbVh ds ysunkj dk

vkosnu&i= izkIr gksus ij] lkslkbVh dh iqLrdksa dk

fujh{k.k dj ldsxk ;k fdlh ,sls O;fDr dks] tks

fyf[kr lk/kkj.k ;k fo’ks"k vkns’k }kjk bl laca/k esa

mlds }kjk izkf/kd`r fd;k x;k gks] lkslkbVh dh

iqLrdksa dk fujh{k.k djus ds fy, funsZ’k ns ldsxk%

ijUrq dksbZ Hkh ,slk fujh{k.k] ysunkj ds

vkosnu&i= ij ls rc rd ugha fd;k tk;sxk tc

rd fd vkosnd-&

¼d½ jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kku u dj ns fd _.k

og jkf’k gS tks rHkh 'kks/; gS vkSj ;g fd

mlus mlds Hkqxrku dh ekax dh gS rFkk

;qfDr;qDr le; ds Hkhrj pqdkjk ¼lsfVLQsD’ku½

izkIr ugha fd;k gS( vkSj

¼[k½ izLFkkfir fujh{k.k ds [kpsZ ds fy, izfrHkwfr ds

:Ik esa ,slh jkf’k] tSlh fd jftLVªkj visf{kr

-82 -

djs jftLVªkj ds ikl fuf{kIr u dj ns-

¼2½ jftLVªkj fdlh ,sls fujh{k.k ds ifj.kke-&

¼d½ tgka og fujh{k.k mldh Loizsj.kk ls fd;k x;k

gks] ogka lkslkbVh dks( vkSj

¼[k½ tgka fujh{k.k fdlh ysunkj ds vkosnu ij fd;k

x;k gks] ogka ml ysunkj dks rFkk lksslkbVh dks

lalwfpr djsxk-

=qfV;ksa dh

ifj’kqf)-

61 ¼1½ ;fn /kkjk 58 ds v/khu dh xbZ laijh{kk ;k /kkjk 59 ds

v/khu dh xbZ fdlh tkap ;k /kkjk 60 ds v/khu fd;s

x;s fdlh fujh{k.k ds ifj.kkeLo:Ik fdlh lkslkbVh

ds xBu] dk;Zdj.k ;k mldh foRrh; fLFkfr ;k

mldh ys[kk iqLrdksa esa dksbZ =qfV;ka izdV gksa rks

jftLVªkj ,slh =qfV;ka ml lkslkbVh dh tkudkjh esa

yk ldsxk vkSj ;fn og lkslkbVh fdlh vU;

lkslkbVh ls lEc) gks rks ml vU; lkslkbVh dh

tkudkjh esa Hkh yk ldsxk-

¼2½ jftLVªkj ,slh lkslkbVh ;k mlds vf/kdkfj;ksa dks ;k

ml lkslkbVh dks] ftlls fd og lEc) gks] ;g funs’k

nsrs gq, vkns’k dj ldsxk fd og mu =qfV;ksa dk] tks

fd laijh{kk] tkap ;k fujh{k.k esa izdV gqbZ gks] mipkj

djus ds fy, ,slh dk;Zokgh] tks fd vkns’k e sa

fofufnZ"V dh tk;] ,sls le; ds Hkhrj djs] tks fd

ml vkns’k esa mfYyf[kr gks-

tkap ds [kpsZ- 62 tgka /kkjk 59 ds v/khu dksbZ tkap dh tk; ;k ysunkj

ds vkosnu ij ls /kkjk 60 ds v/khu dksbZ fujh{k.k

fd;k tk;] ogka jftLVªkj [kpsZ ;k [kpksZa dk ,slk Hkkx]

tSlk fd og mfpr le>s] ml lkslkbVh ds] ftlls

fd lacaf/kr lkslkbVh lEc) gks] lacaf/kr lkslkbVh ds

tkap ;k fujh{k.k dh] ekax djus okys lnL;ksa ;k

ysunkjksa ds] rFkk lkslkbVh ds vf/kdkfj;ksa ;k HkwriwoZ

vf/kdkfj;ksa ds chp izHkkftr dj ldsxk%

ijUrq-&

¼d½ [kpksZ a ds izHkktu dk dksbZ vkns’k bl /kkjk ds

v/khu rc rd ugha fd;k tk;xk tc rd fd

ml lkslkbVh ;k ml O;fDr dks] ftls fd

mlds ¼vkns’k ds½ v/khu [kpksZa dk lank; djus

ds fy, nk;h cukuk pkgk x;k gS] lqus tkus dk

;qfDr;qDr volj u fey pqdk gks(

¼[k½ jftLVªkj mu vk/kkjksa dks] ftu ij fd [kpksZa dk

-83 -

izHkktu fd;k x;k gks] fyf[kr esa dfFkr djsxk-

dk;Zokfg;ksa

vkfn ij O;;-

63&d lkslkbVh dh fuf/k;ksa esa ls dksbZ O;;] jftLVªkj }kjk

/kkjk 19&dd] v/;k; 5 ;k v/;k; 6 ds v/khu fd;s

x;s ;k fd;s tkus ds fy, rkRif;Zr fdlh vkns’k ds

fo:) lkslkbVh ds fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k lfefr }kjk

fdlh U;k;ky; esa Qkby ;k lafLFkr dh xbZ fdlh

dk;Zokgh ds [kpksZa dk pqdkjk djus ds iz;kstu ds fy,

mixr ugha fd;k tk;xk%

ijUrq tgka ekeyk ;FkkfLFkfr vf/kdkjh ;k

lfefr ds i{k esa vafre :Ik ls fofuf’pr fd;k tkrk

gS ogka ,sls [kpZ dh] tks jftLVªkj }kjk vuqeksfnr fd;s

tk,] lkslkbVh }kjk izfriwfrZ dh tk,xh-

lkroka v/;k;& fookn rFkk ek/;LFke

fookn- 64 ¼1½ rRle; izo`Rr fdlh vU; fof/k esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr

ds gksrs gq, Hkh] fdlh lkslkbVh ds xBu] izcU/k ;k

dkjckj ls] fdlh lkslkbVh ds fu;kstu ds fuca/ku

vkSj 'krksZ ls ;k fdlh lkslk;Vh ds lekiu ls lacaf/kr

-84 -

dksbZ fookn] fookn ds Ik{kdkjksa esa ls fdlh Hkh i{kdkj

}kjk jftLVªkj dks funsZf’kr fd;k tk;xk ;fn mlds

i{kdkj fuEufyf[kr esa ls gksa %&

¼d½ dksbZ lkslkbVh] mldh lfefr] dksbZ HkwriwoZ

lfefr] dksbZ HkwriwoZ ;k orZeku vf/kdkjh] dksbZ

HkwriwoZ ;k orZeku vfHkdrkZ] dksbZ HkwriZo ;k

orZeku lsod ;k uke funsZf’krh] ] lkslk;Vh

ds fdlh e`r vf/kdkjh] e`r vfHkdrkZ ;k er

lsod] dk dksbZ ukefufnZ"V O;fDr] okfjl ;k

fof/kd izfrfuf/k ;k lkslkbVh dk lekid(

¼[k½ dksbZ lnL;] HkwriwoZ lnL; ;k fdlh lkslkbVh

ds ;k fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh ds] tks ml

lkslkbVh dh lnL; gks] fdlh lnL;] HkwriwoZ

lnL; ;k er lnL; dh ekQZr~ nkok djus

okyk dksbZ O;fDr(

¼x½ fdlh lkslkbVh ds lnL; ls fHkUu dksbZ ,slk

O;fDr ftls lkslkbVh }kjk m/kkj eatwj fd;k

x;k gks ;k ftlds lkFk lkslkbVh ds dkjksckjh

laO;ogkj gksa ;k Fks rFkk ,sls O;fDr ds ekQZr~

nkok djus okyk dksbZ O;fDr(

¼?k½ fdlh lnL;] HkwriwoZ lnL;] er lnL; dk ;k

fdlh lnL; ls fHkUu fdlh ,sls O;fDr dk]

ftls lkslkbVh }kjk m/kkj eatwj fd;k x;k gks]

izfrHkw pkgs ,slk izfrHkw lkslkbVh dk lnL; gks

;k u gks(

¼M-½ dksbZ vU; lkslkbVh ;k ,slh fdlh lkslkbVh dk

lekid( vkSj

¼p½ fdlh lkslkbVh dk ysunkj(

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds iz;kstuksa ds fy,] fookn ds vUrxZr

fuEufyf[kr vk;sxs %&

¼,d½ fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk fdlh ,sls _.k

;k ,slh ekax ds fy,] tks fdlh lnL;]

HkwriwoZ lnL; ;k e`r lnL; ds uke

fufnZ"V O;fDr] okfjl ;k fof/kd

izfrfuf/k }kjk ml lkslkbVh dks 'kks/;

gks] dksbZ nkok] pkgs ,sls _.k ;k ekax

dks Lohdkj fd;k tk; ;k ugha(

-85 -

¼nks½ fdlh izfrHkw }kjk ewy _.kh ds fo:)

ml n’kk esa dksbZ nkok tcfd lkslkbVh

us fdlh ,sls _.k ;k ekax dh ckcr]

tks dh ewy _.kh ds O;frØe ds

ifj.kke&Lo:i ewy _.kh }kjk

lkslkbVh dks 'kks/; gks] dksbZ jde izfrHkw

ls olwy dj yh gks] pkgs ,sls _.k ;k

ekax dks Lohdkj fd;k tk; ;k ugha(

¼rhu½ fdlh ,slh gkfu ds fy,] tks fd fdlh

lkslkbVh ds fdlh lnL;] HkwriwoZ

lnL; ;k er lnL;] fdlh vf/kdkjh]

HkwriwoZ vf/kdkjh ;k er vf/kdkjh] fdlh

vfHkdrkZ] HkwriwoZ vfHkdrkZ ;k er

vfHkdrkZ] ;k fdlh lsod] HkwriwoZ lsod

;k e`r lsod] ;k mldh HkwriwoZ ;k

orZeku lfefr }kjk igqapkbZ xbZ gks] ml

lkslkbVh }kjk dksbZ nkok] pkgs ,slh

gkfu dks Lohdkj fd;k tk; ;k ugha(

¼pkj½ vf/kdkjksa vkfn ds ckjs esa dksbZ iz’u

ftlesa fdlh x`g fuekZ.k lkslkbVh rFkk

mlds vfHk/kkfj;ksa ;k ,slh lkslkbVh

vkSj mlds lnL;ksa ds chp vfHk?k`fr

vf/kdkj lfEefyr gS( vkSj

¼ikap½ lkslkbVh ds fdlh vf/kdkjh ds fuokZpu

ds laca/k esa ;k lkslkbVh ds ;k la;qDr

lkslkbVh ds izfrfuf/k ds fuokZpu ds

laca/k esa mBus okyk dksbZ fookn%

ijUrq jftLVªkj ml dkykof/k ds] tks fd

fuokZpu dk;ZØe ds vk[;kiu ls izkjEHk gksdj

ifj.kkeksa dh ?kks"k.kk rd dh gks] nkSjku bl [k.M ds

v/khu dksbZ Hkh fookn xzg.k ugha djsxk-

¼3½ ;fn dksbZ ,slk iz’u mn~Hkwr gks fd D;k jftLVªkj dks

funsZf’kr fd;k x;k dksbZ fookn] fookn gS rks ml ij

jftLVªkj dk fofu’p; vfUre gksxk rFkk mls fdlh

U;k;ky; esa iz’uxr ugha fd;k tk,xk-

ifjlhek- 65 ¼1½ bf.M;u fyfeVs’ku ,DV] 1908 ¼1908 dk vf/kfu;e

la[;kad 9½ esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, bl

vf/kfu;e esa fd;s x;s fofufnZ"V micU/kksa ds v/;/khu

jgrs gq,] mu fooknksa dks] tks fd uhps of.kZr gS] /kkjk

64 ds v/khu jftLVªkj dks funsZf’kr djus ds fy,

-86 -

ifjlhek dkykof/k%

¼d½ tc fookn fdlh lkslkbVh dks mlds fdlh

lnL; }kjk 'kks/; fdlh jkf’k] ftlds fd

vUrxZr ml ij dk C;kt Hkh vkrk gS] dh

olwyh ds laca/k esa gks] rc ml rkjh[k ls]

ftldks ftlds fd ,sls lnL; dh e`R;q gks

tk; ;k ftldks fd og ml lkslkbVh dk

lnL; u jg tk;] Ng o"kZ gksxh(

¼[k½ tc fookn fdlh lkslkbVh ;k mldh lfefr ds

rFkk fdlh HkwriwoZ lfefr] fdlh HkwriwoZ ;k

orZeku vf/kdkjh] ;k HkwriwoZ ;k orZeku

vfHkdrkZ] ;k HkwriwoZ ;k orZeku lsod ;k

lkslkbVh ds fdlh e`r vf/kdkjh] er vfHkdrkZ

;k e`r lsod ds ukefufnZ"V O;fDr] okfjl ;k

fof/kd izfrfuf/k] ;k fdlh lnL; ;k HkwriwoZ

lnL;] ;k fdlh e`r lnL; ds ukefufnZ"V

O;fDr] okfjl ;k fof/kd izfrfuf/k ds chp gks

vkSj tc fookn] fookn ds fdlh Hkh i{kdkj

dh vksj ls fd;s x;s fdlh dk;Z ;k dk;Zyksi

ds laca/k esa gks] rc ml rkjh[k ls N% o"kZ gksxh

ftldks fd og dk;Z ;k dk;Zyksi] ftlds fd

laca/k esa fookn mn~Hkwr gqvk gS] gqvk gks(

¼x½ tc fookn fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh ] ftldk fd

/kkjk 69 ds v/khu ifjlekiu fd;k tkus dk

vkns’k fd;k tk pqdk gks ;k ftlds fd laca/k

esa fdlh ukefufnZ"V lfefr ;k O;fDr ;k

O;fDr;ksa dh fu;qfDr /kkjk 53 ds v/khu dj nh

xbZ gks] ds xBu] izca/k ;k dkjckj ls lacaf/kr

fdlh ekeys ds ckjs esa gks] rc ;FkkfLFkfr /kkjk

69 rFkk /kkjk 53 ds v/khu tkjh fd, x,

vkns’k dh rkjh[k ls Ng o"kZ gksxh(

¼?k½ tc fookn fdlh lkslkbVh ds fdlh vkfQlj

ds fuokZpu ds laca/k esa gks] rc ,sls fuokZpu ds

ifj.kke dh ?kks"k.kk dh rkjh[k ls iSarkfyl fnu

gksxh-

¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa of.kZr fooknksa dks NksM+dj ftudk

jftLVªkj dks funsZf’kr fd;k tkuk /kkjk 64 ds v/khu

visf{kr gS] fdlh Hkh vU; okn dh n’kk esa ifjlhek

dky bf.M;u fyfeVs’ku ,DV] 1908 ds mica/kksa }kjk

-87 -

bl izdkj fofu;fer gksxk ekuks og fookn ,d okn gS

vkSj jftLVªkj flfoy U;k;ky; gS-

¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ rFkk ¼2½ esa varfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq,

Hkh] jftLVªkj fdlh fookn dks ifjlhek dkykof/k dk

volku gks tkus ds i'pkr~ Hkh xzg.k dj ldsxk ;fn

vkosnd jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kku dj nsrk gS fd ml

fookn dks ,slh dkykof/k ds Hkhrj funsZf’kr u djus ds

fy, mlds ikl i;kZIr dkj.k Fkk-

fookn dk

fuiVkjk-

66 ¼1½ jftLVªkj] /kkjk 64 ds v/khu fookn dk funsZ’k izkIr

gksus ij] ml fookn dks Lo;a fofuf’pr dj ldsxk

vFkok fuiVk;s tkus ds gsrq mls fdlh ukefufnZ"V

O;fDr ;k ukefufnZ"V O;fDr;ksa ds cksMZ dks] tks fd

jftLVªkj }kjk fu;qDr fd;k tk,xk] vUrfjr dj

ldsxk-

¼2½ tgka dksbZ fookn fdlh ukefufnZ"V O;fDr ;k

ukefufnZ"V O;fDr;ksa ds fdlh cksMZ }kjk fuiVk;s tkus

ds fy, mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu vUrfjr dj fn;k x;k

gks] ogka jftLVªkj] ys[kc) fd;s tkus okys dkj.kksa ls]

ml fookn dks ,sls ukefufnZ"V O;fDr ;k ukefufnZ"V

O;fDr;ksa ds cksMZ ls fdlh Hkh le; izR;kâr dj

ldsxk vkSj ml fookn dks Lo;a fofuf’pr dj ldsxk

vFkok fofu’p; ds gsrq mls vius }kjk fu;qDr fd;s

x;s fdlh vU; ukefufnZ"V O;fDr ;k ukefufnZ"V

O;fDr;ksa ds cksMZ dks iqu% vUrfjr dj ldsxk-

¼3½ fdlh ukefufnZ"V O;fDr ;k ukefufnZ"V O;fDr;ksa ds

cksMZ dk] ftldks fd dksbZ fookn fofu’p; ds gsrq bl

/kkjk ds v/khu vUrfjr fd;k x;k gks fofu’p; bl

/kkjk ds iz;kstuksa ds fy,] jftLVªkj dk fofu’p;

le>k tk,xk-

fooknksa ds

fuiVkjs ds fy,

izfØ;k rFkk

jftLVªkj] mlds

ukefufnZ"V

O;fDr ;k

ukefufnZ"V

O;fDr;ksa ds

cksMZ dh 'kfDr-

67 ¼1½ jftLVªkj ;k mlds ukefufnZ"V O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa ds

cksMZ dks vUroZrhZ vkns’k djus] ftlds fd vUrxZr

vLFkk;h O;kns’k dk fn;k tkuk vkrk gS] dh 'kfDr

gksxh- bl 'kfDr dk iz;ksx djus esa] ;FkkfLFkfr

jftLVªkj ;k mldk uke fufnZ"V O;fDr;ksa dk cksMZ ml

izfØ;k dk vuqlj.k djsxk tks fd ,sls vkns’k djus

rFkk O;kns’k nsus ds iz;kstu ds fy, flfoy izfØ;k

lafgrk] 1908 ¼1908 dk vf/kfu;e la[;kad 5½ esa

vf/kdfFkr dh xbZ gS-

-88 -

¼2½ fookn dh lquokbZ esa fdlh fof/k O;olk;h }kjk fdlh

i{kdkj dk izfrfuf/kRo ;FkkfLFkfr jftLVªkj ;k mlds

uke fufnZ"V O;fDr ;k ukefufnZ"V O;fDr;ksa ds cksMZ dh

vuqKk ls gh fd;k tk,xk vU;Fkk ugha %

ijUrq tgka bl izdkj vuqKk ns nh tkrh gS] ogka

fookn dk nwljk i{kdkj bl ckr dk gdnkj gksxk fd

mldk izfrfuf/kRo fof/k O;olk;h }kjk fd;k tk;-

¼3½ ;FkkfLFkfr] jftLVªkj ;k mldk ukefufnZ"V O;fDr] mu

i{kdkjksa vkSj lkf{k;ksa ds] tks gkftj gksrs gSa] lk{; dk

fVIi.k fgUnh esa vfHkfyf[kr djsxk vkSj bl izdkj

vfHkfyf[kr fd, x, lk{; ij nksuksa esa ls fdlh Hkh

i{kdkj }kjk is’k fd, x;s fdlh nLrkosth lk{; ij

fopkj djus ds i'pkr] ;FkkfLFkfr fofu’p; ;k

vf/kfu.kZ; nsxk tks ys[kc) fd;k tk,xk- ;fn

lE;d~:Ik ls leu fd;k x;k vkosnd vuqifLFkr

jgrk gS rks ekeyk O;frØe ds dkj.k [kkfjt fd;k

tk ldsxk- ;fn vukosnd vuqifLFkr jgrk gS rks

ekeyk ,d i{kh; :Ik ls fofuf’pr fd;k tk ldsxk-

mu ekeyksa esa tgka rhu ukefufnZ"V O;fDr fu;qDr

fd;s tkrs gSa] cgqla[;k dh jk; vfHkHkkoh gksxh%

ijUrq tgka dksbZ fookn] O;frØe ds dkj.k

fdlh i{kdkj ds fo:) fofu’pr fd;k x;k gS vkSj

,slk i{kdkj ,sls O;frØe dh rkjh[k ls rhl fnu ds

Hkhrj jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kku dj nsrk gS fd mlds

milatkr u gksus ds fy, i;kZIr gsrqd Fkk] ogka

jftLVªkj] fofu’p; dks vikLr djrs gq, vkns’k djsxk

vkSj ekeys esa dk;Zokgh gsrq ,d rkjh[k fu;r djsxk-

vf/kfu.kZ; ds

iwoZ dqdhZ-

68 tgka ;FkkfLFkfr jftLVªkj] fdlh ukefufnZ"V O;fDr ;k

ukefufnZ"V O;fDr;ksa ds fdlh cksMZ dk] tks /kkjk 66 ds

v/khu dk;Z dj jgk gS] 'kiFki= ;k tkap ds vk/kkj

ij ;k vU;Fkk ;g lek/kku gks tkrk gS fd fdlh

funsZ’k dk dksbZ Ik{kdkj fdlh ,sls vf/kfu.kZ; ds] tks

fd fd;k tk ldrk gS] fu"iknu esa foyEc djus ;k

ck/kk igqqapk;s ds vk’k; ls]&

¼d½ viuh lEiw.kZ lEifRr ;k mlds fdlh Hkkx dks

O;;fur djus okyk gS( ;k

¼[k½ viuh lEiw.kZ lEifRr ;k mlds fdlh Hkkx dks

-89 -

jftLVªkj dh vf/kdkfjrk ls gVkus okyk gS]

rks jftLVªkj] dksbZ fofufnZ"V O;fDr ;k ukefufnZ"V

O;fDr;ksa dk cksMZ] tc rd fd i;kZIr izfrHkwfr u ns

nh xbZ gks mDr laifRr dh ;k mlds ,sls Hkkx dh]

ftls og vko’;d le>s] l’krZ dqdhZ vius }kjk

izkf/kd`r fd, x;s ,sls vfHkdj.k] ftls og mfpr

le>s }kjk dh tkus dk funsZ’k ns ldsxk vkSj ,slh

dqdhZ dk blh izdkj izHkko gksxk ekuks og l{ke

flfoy U;k;ky; }kjk dh xbZ gks]

vkBoka v/;k;& lekiu

lkslkbfV;ksa dk

ifjlekiu-

69 ¼1½ ;fn] /kkjk 59 ds v/khu tkap dh tk pqdus ;k /kkjk

60 ds v/khu fujh{k.k fd;k tk pqdus ds i'pkr~ ;k

fdlh lkslkbVh ds de ls de rhu&pkSFkkbZ lnL;ksa

}kjk fd;s x;s vkosnu ds izkIr gksus ij] jftLVªkj dh

;g jk; gks fd lkslkbVh dk ifjlekiu dj fn;k

tkuk pkfg;s] rks og mldk ifjlekiu dj fn;k tkus

dk funs’k nsrs gq, vkns’k tkjh dj ldsxk-

¼2½ jftLVªkj] Loizsj.kk ls] fdlh lkslkbVh dk ifjlekiu

fd;s tkus dk funs’k nsrs gq, vkns’k dj ldsxk-&

-90 -

¼d½ tgka ml lkslkbVh us vius jftLVªhdj.k ds

;qfDr;qDr le; ds Hkhrj dk;Z djuk izkjaHk

ugha fd;k gks vFkok tgka ml lkslkbVh us

dk;Z djuk cUn dj fn;k gks( ;k

¼[k½ tgka jftLVªkj dh jk; esa og lkslkbVh eq[;r%

fdlh O;fDr ds ;k O;fDr;ksa ds ;k lewg ds

fgr dks u fd lk/kkj.kr% lnL;ksa ds fgr dks

laizofrZr djus ds fy, dk;Z djrh jgh gks( ;k

¼x½ tgka ml lkslkbVh us bl vf/kfu;e] fu;eksa

;k mifof/k;ksa ds v/khu dh fdUgha ,slh 'krksZa

dk] tks jftLVªhdj.k ;k izca/k ds ckjs esa gksa]

vuqikyu djuk cUn dj fn;k gks ;k

¼?k½ tgka dksbZ izkFkfed m/kkj lkslkbVh lnL;ksa ls

viuh iwjh vfr’kks/; ekax yxkrkj rhu

lgdkjh o"kksZa rd olwy u djds O;frØe

djrh jgs rFkk vfr"Bku ds i'pkr~ Hkh og

lkslkbVh iwjh vfr’kks/; ekax olwy djus esa

vlQy jgs-

¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ;k mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu dksbZ vkns’k rc

rd ikfjr ugha fd;k tk;xk tc rd fd izLFkkfir

vkns’k ds fo:) dkj.k n’kkZus dk ;qfDr;qDr volj

lacaf/kr lkslkbVh dks u ns fn;k x;k gks vkSj mlds

}kjk fd;s x;s vH;kosnu] ;fn dksbZ gks] ij fopkj u

dj fy;k x;k gks-

¼4½ jftLVªkj] fdlh lkslkbVh ds ifjlekiu laca/kh fdlh

vkns’k dks] ml lkslkbVh dk jftLVªhdj.k jn~n gksus

ds iwoZ fdlh Hkh le;] ml n’kk esa jn~n dj ldsxk

tcfd] mldh jk; esa] ml lkslkbVh dk vfLrRo esa

cuk jguk vko’;d gS-

¼5½ bl /kkjk esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] fdlh

Hkh lgdkjh cSad dk ifjlekiu fjtoZ cSad vkWQ

bf.M;k dh fyf[kr iwoZ eatwjh ls gh fd;k tk;xk

vU;Fkk ugha-

lgdkjh cSad

dk ifjlekiu-

69&d bl vf/kfu;e esa vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds izfrdwy gksrs

gq, Hkh] jftLVªkj fdlh lgdkjh cSad ds ifjlekiu ds

fy, vkns’k djsxk] ;fn fMikftV bU’;ksjsUl ,.M

ØsfMV xkjaVh dkjiksjs’ku ,DV] 1961 ¼Øekad 47 lu~

1961½ dh /kkjk 13 Mh esa of.kZr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fjtoZ

cSad vkWQ bf.M;k }kjk ,slh vis{kk dh tk;-

-91 -

chekd`r cSad

,d ekeys esa

fMikftV

bU’kksjsUl

dkjiksjs’ku dh

izfriwfrZ-

69&[k tgka fdlh ,sls lgdkjh cSad dk] tks fd fMikftV

bU’;ksjsUl dkjiksjs’ku ,DV] 1961 ¼Øekad 47 lu~

1961½ ds vFkZ ds vUrxZr chekd`r cSad gks] ifjlekiu

dj fn;k x;k gks ;k tks lekiuk/khu dj fn;k x;k

gks vkSj fMikftV bU’;ksjsUl dkjiksjs’ku chekd`r cSad ds

fu{ksidrkZvksa ds izfr] ml ,DV dh /kkjk 16 dh

mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu nkf;Rok/khu gks x;k gks] ogka

fMikftV bU’;kjsUl dkjiksjs’ku dks mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa

izfriwfrZ ml lhek rd rFkk ml jhfr esa dh tk;sxh

tks fd fMikftV bU’;ksjsUl dkjiksjs’ku ,DV] 1961

¼Øekad 47 lu~ 1961 ½ dh /kkjk 21 esa micaf/kr gS-

lekid dh

fu;qfDr-

70 ¼1½ tgka jftLVªkj us fdlh lkslkbVh ds ifjlekiu ds

fy, /kkjk 69 ds v/khu dksbZ vkns’k fd;k gks] ogka og

ml iz;kstu ds fy, ,d lekid fu;qDr dj ldsxk

rFkk mldk ikfjJfed fu;r dj ldsxk vkSj fdlh

Hkh ,sls O;fDr dks] tks lekid ds :Ik esa fu;qDr fd;k

x;k gks] fdlh Hkh le; gVk Hkh ldsxk vkSj mlds

LFkku ij fdlh nwljs O;fDr dks fu;qDr dj ldsxk%

ijUrq fdlh ,sls lgdkjh cSad ds laca/k esa]

ftldk fd fjtoZ cSad dh v/;is{kk izkIr gksus ij

ifjlekiu fd;k tkus ds fy, vkns’k fn;k x;k gks]

lekid dks fjtoZ cSad dh iwoZ eatwjh ds fcuk u rks

fu;qDr fd;k tk,xk vkSj u gVk;k tk,xk-

¼2½ dksbZ lekid] fu;qDr gks tkus ij] ,slh leLr

lEifRr] phtcLr rFkk mu vuq;ksT; nkoksa dks] ftuds

fy, fd lkslkbVh gdnkj gks ;k gdnkj izrhr gksrh

gks] viuh vfHkj{kk esa ;k vius fu;a=.k esa ys ysxk vkSj

,slh lEifRr] phtcLr rFkk nkoksa dh gkfu ;k muds

{k; ;k mudks gksus okys uqdlku dks jksdus ds fy,

,sls mik; djsxk tSls fd og vko’;d ;k lehphu

le>s-

¼3½ tgka dksbZ vihy /kkjk 78 ds v/khu dh tk;] ogka

fdlh lkslkbVh ds ifjlekiu dk /kkjk 69 ds v/khu

fd;k x;k vkns’k rRi’pkr rc rd izofrZr ugha fd;k

tk;xk tc rd fd vkns’k dh iqf"V vihy esa u dj

nh tk;%

ijUrq lekid mi/kkjk ¼2½ esa of.kZr lEifRr]

phtcLr rFkk vuq;ksT; nkoksa ds vfHkj{kk esa j[ks jgsxk

;k mu ij fu;a=.k cuk;s j[ksxk vkSj mls os mik;

djus dk izkf/kdkj gksxk tks fd ml mi/kkjk esa

fofufnZ"V fd;s x;s gSa-

-92 -

¼4½ tgka fdlh lkslkbVh ds ifjlekiu dk dksbZ vkns’k

vihy esa vikLr dj fn;k tk;] ogka ml lkslkbVh

dh lEifRr] phtcLr rFkk vuq;ksT; nkos ml

lkslkbVh esa iqufuZfgr gks tk;saxs-

lekid dk

fu;a=.k-

70&d lekid dh fu;qfDr ds i'pkr~] fdlh lkslkbVh dh

lfefr dh leLr 'kfDr;ka pkgs og fuokZfpr ;k

ukefufnZ"V gks] lekIr gks tk,axh vkSj blds i'pkr~]

lkslkbVh ds deZpkjh] lekid ds fu;a=.k vkSj

i;Zos{k.k ds v/khu dk;Z djsaxs-

lekid dh

'kfDr;ka-

71 ¼1½ bl fufeRr esa cuk;s x;s fdUgha fu;eksa ds v/;/khu

jgrs gq,] fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh dh] ftldh fd ckcr

ifjlekiu dk vkns’k dj fn;k x;k gS] leLr

vkfLr;ka /kkjk 70 dh v/khu fu;qDr fd;s x;s lekid

esa ml rkjh[k ls fufgr gks tk;xh ftldks fd og

vkns’k izHkko’khy gks vkSj lekid dks ;g 'kfDr gksxh

fd og ,slh vkfLr;ka foØ; }kjk ;k vU;Fkk olwy

djsa-

¼2½ ,sls lekid dks] jftLVªkj ds fu;a=.k ds v/;/khu

jgrs gq, fuEufyf[kr 'kfDr;ka Hkh gksaxh-&

¼d½ lkslkbVh dh vksj ls okn ,oa vU; fof/kd

dk;Zokfg;ka vius inuke ls lafLFkr djuk

rFkk oknksa ,oa vU; fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ksa esa

lkslkbVh dh vksj ls izfrj{kk vius inuke

ls djuk(

¼[k½ lnL;ksa ;k HkwriwoZ lnL;ksa }kjk ;k e`r

lnL;ksa dh lEinkvksa ;k muds ukefufnZ"V

O;fDr;ksa] okfjlksa ;k fof/kd izfrfuf/k;ksa

}kjk ;k fdUgha vf/kdkfj;ksa ;k HkwriwoZ

vf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk lkslkbVh dh vkfLr;ksa ds

izfr fd;s tkus okys ;k fd;s tkus ds fy,

'ks"k jgs vfHknk; ¼ftlds vUrxZRk 'kks/;

_.k vkrs gSa½ dk le;&le; ij vo/kkj.k

djuk%

¼x½ mu leLr nkoksa dk] tks lkslkbVh ds

fo:) gksa] vUos"k.k djuk rFkk bl

vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,]

iwfoZdrk ds mu iz’uk sa dks] tks nkosnkjksa ds

chp mn~Hkwr gks] fofuf’pr djuk(

¼?k½ lkslkbVh ds fo:) nkoksa dk] ftuesa lekiu

dh rkjh[k rd dk C;kt lfEefyr gS]

mudh iwfoZdrk] ;fn dksbZ gks] ds vuqlkj

iw.kZr% ;k vuqikrr% tSlh fdlh lkslk;Vh

dh vkfLr;ksa esa xqatkb’k gks Hkqxrku djuk

-93 -

nkoksa dk Hkqxrku djus ds i'pkr~ cpk gqvk

vf/k’ks"k] ;fn dksbZ gks] lekid ds vkns’k

dh rkjh[k ls C;kt ds Hkqxrku esa

mi;ksftr fd;k tk;xk tks ,slh nj ls

gksxk tks jftLVªkj }kjk fu;r dh tk,

fdUrq tks fdlh Hkh n’kk esa lafonk nj ls

vf/kd u gksxk%

¼M-½ ;g vo/kkfjr djuk fd lekiu ds [kpksZa

dk ogu fdu O;fDr;ksa }kjk rFkk fdl

vuqikr esa fd;k tkuk gS(

¼p½ ;g vo/kkfjr djuk fd D;k dksbZ O;fDr

lnL;] HkwriwoZ lnL; ;k e`r lnL; dk

ukefufnZ"V O;fDr gS(

¼N½ lkslkbVh dh vkfLr;ksa ds laxzg.k rFkk

forj.k ds ckjs esa ,sls funsZ’k nsxk tks fd

lkslkbVh ds dkedkt dk ifjlekiu djus

ds fy, mls vko’;d izrhr gksa(

¼t½ lkslkbVh dk dkjckj ml lhek rd

pykuk tgka rd fd og mlds Qk;nkizn

ifjlekiu ds fy, vko’;d gS(

¼>½ ysunkjksa ds lkFk ;k mu O;fDr;ksa ds] tks

ysunkj gksus dk nkok djrs gksa ;k tks dksbZ

,slk orZeku ;k Hkkoh nkok] ftlds fd

}kjk lkslkbVh dks nk;h cuk;k tk ldrk

gks] j[krs gksa ;k og vfHkdfFkr djrs gksa

fd os ,slk nkok j[krs gSa] lkFk dksbZ

le>kSrk ;k Bgjko djuk( vkSj

¼¥½ leLr ekaxksa ;k ekaxksa rFkk _.kksa ds

nkf;Roksa dk vkSj _.kksa esa ifjf.kr gksus

;ksX; nkf;Roksa dk] rFkk orZeku ;k Hkkoh]

fuf’pr ;k lekfJr leLr ,sls nkoksa dk]

tks lkslkbVh rFkk fdlh vfHknk;h ;k

vfHkdfFkr vfHknk;h ;k vU; _.kh ;k ,sls

O;fDr] tks lkslkbVh ds izfr viuk nkf;Ro

le>rk gS ds chp vfLrRo esa gS ;k

ftudk vfLrRo esa gksuk ekuk tkrk gS vkSj

,sls leLr iz’uksa dk] tks lkslkbVh dh

vkfLr;ksa ;k mlds ifjlekiu ls fdlh Hkh

:Ik esa lacaf/kr gS ;k tks mu ij izHkko

Mkyus okys gSa] le>kSrk ,sls fuca/kuksa ij

djuk tSls fd r; ik;s tk,a] rFkk fdlh

,slh ekax] nkf;Ro _.k ;k nkos ds

mUekspu ds fy, dksbZ izfrHkwfr ysuk vkSj

mldh ckcr iw.kZ mUekspu djuk %

-94 -

ijUrq dksbZ lekid fdlh lnL; ;k fdlh

HkwriwoZ lnL; ls ;k fdlh er lnL; ds uke fufnZ"V

O;fDr] okfjl ;k fof/kd izfrfuf/k ls olwy fd;s tkus

okys vfHknk;] _.k ;k 'kks/;ksa dk rc rd vo/kkj.k

ugha djsxk tc rd fd ,sls lnL; ;k HkwriwoZ lnL;

dks ;k ,sls ukefufnZ"V O;fDr] okfjl ;k fof/kd

izfrfuf/k dks viuh fLFkfr Li"V djus dk volj u ns

fn;k x;k gks-

¼3½ tc fdlh lkslkbVh ds dkedkt dk ifjleku dj

fn;k x;k gks rc lekid jftLVªkj dks fjiksVZ djsxk

vkSj lkslkbVh ds vfHkys[k ,sls LFkku ij tek djsxk

tSlk fd jftLVªkj funsZf’kr djs-

lekfir

lkslkbfV;ksa dh

vf/k’ks"k

vkfLr;ksa dk

O;;u-

72 fdlh ifjlekfir lkslkbVh ds leLr nkf;Roksa dh]

ftuds fd vUrxZr leknRr va’kiwath gS] iwfrZ gks tkus

d s i'pkr~ vf/k’ks"k jgh vkfLr;ka mlds lnL;ksa esa

foHkkftr ugha dh tk;saxh vfirq os fdlh ,sls mn~ns’;]

tks fd lkslkbVh dh mifof/k;ksa esa of.kZr gks] ds fy,

mi;ksftr dh tk;saxh vkSj dksbZ mn~ns’; bl izdkj

of.kZr u gks rc fdlh ,sls yksdksi;ksxh mn~ns’;] tks

fd lkslkbVh ds lk/kkj.k lfEeyu }kjk vo/kkfjr

fd;k tk; rFkk jftLVªkj }kjk vuqeksfnr fd;k tk;]

ds fy, mi;ksftr dh tk;xh ;k os muds ijke’kZ ls

jftLVªkj }kjk fuEufyf[kr leLr ;k muesa ls fdlh

ds Hkh fy, ;k rks lEiw.kZr% ;k Hkkxr% leuqnsf’kr dh

tk ldsaxh-&

¼d½ dksbZ yksdksi;ksxh mn~ns’; ;k LFkkuh; ;k

ukxfjd fgr dk dksbZ mn~ns’;( ;k

¼[k½ NRrhlx<+ lgdkjh la?k e;kZfnr ;k dksbZ vU;

laLFkk ;k la?k( ;k

¼x½ fdlh dsUnzh; lgdkjh cSad esa mrus le; rd

ds fy, fuf{kIr j[kh tk ldsaxh tc rd fd

oSlh gh 'krksZa lfgr dksbZ uohu lkslkbVh

jftLVªhdr u gks tk; vkSj rc ,slk vf/k’ks"k]

jftLVªkj dh lEefr ls] ,slh uohu lkslkbVh

dh jf{kr fuf/k esa fuf{kIr fd;k tk ldsxk(

¼?k½ iwrZ foU;kl vf/kfu;e] 1890 ¼1890 dk

vf/kfu;e la- 6½ dh /kkjk 2 esa ;Fkk ifjHkkf"kr

dksbZ iwrZ iz;kstu( ;k

-95 -

¼M-½ izR;sd fo|eku lnL; dks mldh leknRr

va’kiwath ds vuqikr esa-

uoka v/;k; & vijk/k rFkk 'kkfLr;ka

'kCn ßlgdkjhÞ

ds iz;ksx dk

izfr"ks/k-

73 ¼1½ dksbZ Hkh O;fDr] tks bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu

jftLVªhdr dh xbZ fdlh lkslkbVh ls rFkk fdlh ,sls

O;fDr ;k mlds fgr mRrjkf/kdkjh ls] ftldk fd

uke ;k vfHk/kku og gS ftlds fd v/khu og bl

vf/kfu;e ds izo`Rr gksus dh rkjh[k dks O;kikj ;k

dkjckj djrk jgk gks] jkT; ljdkj dh eatwjh ds

fcuk] fdlh ,sls uke ;k vfHk/kku ls] ftldk Hkkx:Ik

'kCn ßlgdkjhÞ ;k fdlh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk esa mldk

-96 -

i;kZ;okph 'kCn gks] d`R; ugha djsxk] O;kikj ugha

djsxk ;k dkjckj ugha djsxk-

¼2½ izR;sd ,slk O;fDr] tks /kkjk 14 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds

mYya?ku esa cukbZ xbZ fdlh lkslkbVh dk lnL; gS

rFkk izR;sd ,slk O;fDr tks mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds mica/kksa dk

mYya?ku djsxk] tqekZus ls] tks nks lkS :i;s rd dk gks

ldsxk] vkSj pkyw jgus okys vijk/k dh n’kk esa] ,sls

izR;sd fnu ds fy,] ftldks fd ,sls vijk/k ds fy,

nks"kflf) ds i'pkr~ ,sls vijk/k pkyw jgrk gS] ikap

:i;s vfrfjDr tqekZus ls n.Muh; gksxk-

vijk/k- 74 bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vijk/k gksxk ;fn-&

¼d½ dksbZ lfefr ;k mldk dksbZ vf/kdkjh ;k

lnL; tkucw>dj dksbZ feF;k fjiksVZ djrk gS

;k feF;k tkudkjh nsrk gS ;k ys[ks j[kus esa

csbZekuh ls pwd djrk gS ;k feF;k ys[ks

csbZekuh ls j[krk gS( ;k

¼[k½ fdlh fuekZ.kk/khu lkslkbVh ds fy, va’knku

laxzg djus okyk dksbZ O;fDr ml va’knku dks]

mldh izkfIr ls pkSng fnu ds Hkhrj

NRrhlx<+ jkT; lgdkjh cSad e;kZfnr] dsUnzh;

lgdkjh cSad] fdlh uxjh; lgdkjh cSad ;k

fdlh Mkd?kj cpr cSad esa tek ugha djrk gS(

;k

¼x½ fdlh fuekZ.kk/khu lkslkbVh ds fy, va’knku

laxzg djus okyk dksbZ O;fDr bl izdkj

,df=r dh xbZ fuf/k;ksa dk mi;ksx]

jftLVªhdr dh tkus okyh fdlh lkslkbVh ds

uke ls djrk gS ;k vU;Fkk dksbZ dkjksckj

djus esa ;k O;kikj djus esa djrk gS( ;k

¼?k½ fdlh lkslkbVh dk dksbZ vf/kdkjh vius Lo;a

ds mi;ksx ;k Qk;ns ds fy, ;k fdlh ,sls

O;fDr ds] ftlesa fd og fgrc) gS] mi;ksx

;k Qk;ns ds fy,] fdlh vU; O;fDr ds uke

m/kkj dh tkucw>dj flQkfj’k djrk gS ;k

mls m/kkj eatwj djrk gS( ;k

¼M-½ dksbZ vf/kdkjh ;k lfefr dk lnL;] dksbZ

lnL; fdUgha iqLrdksa] dkxti=ksa ;k izfrHkwfr;ksa

dks u"V djrk gS] fodr djrk gS] ifjofrZr

djrk gS] mudk feF;kdj.k djrk gS ;k mudks

-97 -

xqqIr j[krk gS ;k mudks u"V fd;s tkus] fod`r

fd;s tkus] ifjofrZr fd;s tkus] mudk

feF;kdj.k fd;k tkus ;k muds xqIr j[ks

tkus] esa lalxhZ gS ;k lkslkbVh ds fdlh

jftLVj] ys[kk iqLrd ;k nLrkost esa dksbZ

feF;k ;k diViw.kZ izfof"V djrk gS ;k ,slk

fd;k tkus esa lalxhZ gS( ;k

¼p½ dksbZ vf/kdkjh ;k dksbZ lnL;] ftlds ikl

tkudkjh] iqLrdsa rFkk vfHkys[k gksa] ,slh

tkudkjh tkucw> dj ugha nsrk ;k ,slh

iqLrdsa rFkk dkxti= is’k ugha djrk gS ;k

jftLVªkj }kjk /kkjk 53] 58] 59] 60] 67 rFkk

70 ds v/khu fu;qDr ;k izkf/kdr fd;s x;s

fdlh O;fDr dh lgk;rk ugh djrk gS( ;k

¼N½ dksbZ vf/kdkjh ml lkslkbVh dh] ftldk fd

og vf/kdkjh gS] iqLrdksa vfHkys[kksa] uxnh]

izfrHkwfr rFkk vU; lEifRr dk vfHkj{k.k /kkjk

53 ;k 70 ds v/khu fu;qDr fd;s x;s fdlh

O;fDr dks tkucw>dj ugha lkSairk gS( ;k

¼t½ dksbZ lnL; ,slh lEifRr dk] ftl ij fd

lkslkbVh dk iwfoZd nkok gS] diViw.kZ O;;u

djrk gS ;k dksbZ lnL; ;k vf/kdkjh ;k

deZpkjh ;k dksbZ O;fDr foØ;] vUrj.k] ca/kd]

nku }kjk ;k vU;Fkk viuh lEifRr dk O;;u

lkslkbVh ds 'kks/;ksa dk vioapu djus ds

diViw.kZ vk’k; ls djrk gS( ;k

¼>½ dksbZ fu;kstd rFkk ,sls fu;kstd dh vksj ls

dk;Z djus okyk vU; funs’kd] izca/kd] lfpo

;k vU; vf/kdkjh ;k vfHkdrkZ /kkjk 42 dh

mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds mica/kksa dk vuqikyu djus esa

i;kZIr dkj.k ds fcuk pwd djrk gS( ;k

¼´½ dksbZ O;fDr fdlh ,slh lEifRr dk] tks /kkjk

40 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu Hkkj ds v/;/khu

gS] vtZu djrk gS ;k mlds vtZu esa nq"izsj.k

djrk gS( ;k

-98 -

¼V½ fdlh lkslkbVh dk dksbZ vf/kdkjh ;k lnL;

;k dksbZ O;fDr dksbZ ,slk dk;Z djrk gS tks

fu;eksa }kjk vijk/k ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gS ;k

,sls dk;Z yksi dk nks"kh gS tks fu;eksa }kjk

vijk/k ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gS-

Li"Vhdj.k-& bl /kkjk ds iz;kstu ds fy,] ,sls

vf/kdkjh ;k lnL; ds] tks fd bl /kkjk esa fufnZ"V

fd;k x;k gS] varxZr ;FkkfLFkfr HkwriwoZ vf/kdkjh ;k

HkwriwoZ lnL; Hkh vkosxk-

vijk/kksa ds fy,

'kkfLr;ka-

75 fdlh lkslk;Vh dh izR;sd lfefr] mldk izR;sd

vf/kdkjh ;k HkwriwoZ vf/kdkjh ;k lnL; ;k HkwriwoZ

lnL; ;k dksbZ deZpkjh ;k HkwriwoZ deZpkjh ;k dksbZ

vU; O;fDr] fdlh ,slh dk;Zokgh ij tks fd rRle;

izo`Rr fdlh fof/k ds v/khu mlds fo:) dh tk

ldrh gks] izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk &

¼d½ tqekZus ls] tks 2]000@& :i;s ls vf/kd ugha

gksxk] n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74 ¼d½ esa

fufnZ"V fd;s x;s fdlh vijk/k dk fl)nks"k

Bgjk;k x;k gks( ;k

¼[k½ tqekZus ls] tks 1]000@& :i;s ls vf/kd ugha

gksxk] n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74 ¼[k½ esa

fufnZ"V fd;s x;s fdlh vijk/k dk fl)nks"k

Bgjk;k x;k gks( ;k

¼x½ tqekZus ls] tks 1]000@& :i;s ls vf/kd ugha

gksxk] n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74 ¼x½ esa

fufnZ"V fd;s x;s fdlh vijk/k dk fl)nks"k

Bgjk;k x;k gks( ;k

¼?k½ tqekZus ls] tks 2]000@& :i;s ls vf/kd ugha

gksxk] n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74 ¼?k½ esa

fufnZ"V fd;s x;s fdlh vijk/k dk fl)nks"k

Bgjk;k x;k gks( ;k

¼M+½ tqekZus ls] tks 2]000@& :i;s ls vf/kd ugha

gksxk] n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74 ¼M+½ esa

fufnZ"V fd;s x;s fdlh vijk/k dk fl)nks"k

Bgjk;k x;k gks( ;k

¼p½ tqekZus ls] tks 250@& :i;s ls vf/kd ugha

gksxk] n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74 ¼p½ esa

fufnZ"V fd;s x;s fdlh vijk/k dk fl)nks"k

Bgjk;k x;k gks( ;k

¼N½ tqekZus ls] tks 250 @& :i;s ls vf/kd ugha

gksxk] n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74 ¼N½ esa

fufnZ"V fd;s x;s fdlh vijk/k dk fl)nks"k

-99 -

Bgjk;k x;k gks( ;k

¼t½ tqekZus ls] tks 2]000@& ls vf/kd ugha gksxk]

n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74 ¼t½ esa fufnZ"V

fd;s x;s fdlh vijk/k dk fl)nks"k Bgjk;k

x;k gks(;k

¼>½ tqekZus ls] tks 500@& :i;s ls vf/kd ugha

gksxk] n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74¼>½ esa

fufnZ"V fdlh vijk/k dk fl)nks"k Bgjk;k x;k

gks( ;k

¼´½ tqekZus ls tks 1]000@& :i;s ls vf/kd ugha

gksxk] n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74 ¼´½ esa

fufnZ"V fd;s x;s fdlh vijk/k fl)nks"k Bgjk;k

x;k gks( ;k

¼V½ tqekZus ls tks 250@& :i;s ls vf/kd ugha gksxk]

n.Muh; gksxk ;fn mls /kkjk 74 ¼V½ esa fufnZ"V

fd;s x;s fdlh vijk/k dk fl)nks"k Bgjk;k

x;k gks A

vijk/kksa dk

laKku-

76 ¼1½ izFke oxZ eftLVªsV ds U;k;ky; ls voj dksbZ Hkh

U;k;ky; bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu ds fdlh vijk/k dk

fopkj.k ugha djsxk-

¼2½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu dksbZ Hkh vfHk;kstu jftLVªkj

dh fyf[kr iwoZ eatwjh ds fcuk lafLFkr ugha fd;k

tk;xk vkSj ,slh eatwjh lacaf/kr O;fDr dks viuk

ekeyk vH;kosfnr djus dk volj fn;s fcuk ugha nh

tk;xh-

nloka v/;k;& vihysa] iqujh{k.k ,oa iqufoZyksdu

vihy 77 ¼1½ tgka blds laca/k esa vU;Fkk micaf/kr gS mls NksMdj]

bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ds

v/khu ikfjr fd;s x;s izR;sd ewy vkns’k dh vihy%&

¼,d½ ml n’kk esa tcfd ,slk vkns’k jftLVªkj] vij

jftLVªkj ;k la;qDr jftLVªkj ls fHkUu fdlh

vf/kdkjh ds }kjk ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] pkgs

vkns’k ikfjr djus okyk vf/kdkjh jftLVªkj dh

'kfDr;ksa ls fofufgr gks ;k u gks] la;qDr

jftLVªkj dks gksxh%

¼nks½ ml n’kk esa tcfd ,slk vkns’k jftLVªkj vFkok

-100 -

vij jftLVªkj ds }kjk ikfjr fd;k x;k gks]

jkT; ljdkj dks gksxh%

¼2½ tgka blds laca/k esa vU;Fkk micaf/kr gS] mlds flok;

bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ds

v/khu izFke vihy ds izR;sd vkns’k dh f)rh;

vihy%&

¼,d½ la;qDr jftLVªkj ds fo:) jftLVªkj vFkok

jftLVªkj }kjk izkf/kd`r vij jftLVªkj dks

gksxh

¼nks½ jftLVªkj ;k vij jftLVªkj ds fo:) jkT;

ljdkj dks gksxhA

¼3½ f)rh; vihy fuEufyf[kr vk/kkjksa esa ls fdlh vk/kkj

ij gksxh] u fd vU; vk/kkjksa ij] vFkkZr%&

¼,d½ ;g fd vkns’k fof/k ds izfrdwy gS%;k

¼nks½ ;g fd vkns’k esa fof/k ds dfri; rkfRod

fooknd dk vo/kkj.k ugha gks ik;k gS% ;k

¼rhu½ ;g fd bl vf/kfu;e }kjk dk ikyu djus esa

,slh lkjoku xyrh ;k =qfV gqbZ gS ftlls fd

xq.kkoxq.k ij ekeys dk fofu’p; djus esa

xyrh ;k =qfV dks x;h gks-

¼4½ izR;sd vihy fofgr jhfr esa lacaf/kr vihy izkf/kdkjh

dks ml rkjh[k ds ftldks fd og vkns’k] ftlls fd

fo:) vihy dh x;h gS] ml vkns’k ls izHkkfor gq,

i{kdkj dks lalwfpr fd;k x;k Fkk] rhu fnu ds Hkhrj

is’k dh tk;sxh-

ijarq bl /kkjk ds v/khu ifjlhekdky dh

lax.kuk djus essa ml vkns’k dh] ftlls fd fo:)

vihy dh x;h gS] izfrfyfi vfHkizkIr djus ds fy;s

visf{kr le; vioftZr dj fn;k tk;sxk-

iqujh{k.k 78 ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj ;k jftLVªkj Loizsj.kk ls ;k fdlh

i{kdkj }kjk fd;s x;s fdlh vkosnu ij fdlh Hkh

le; fuEufyf[kr dh oS/krk ;k vkSfpR; ds laca/k esa

;k mldh dk;Zokfg;ksa dh fu;ferrk ds lac/ak esa viuk

lek/kku djus ds iz;kstu ds fy,] mldh oS/krk ;k

vkSfpR; ds laca/k esa ,slk vkns’k ikfjr dj ldsxk]

tSlk fd og mfpr le>s&

¼,d½ fdlh v/khuLFk vf/kdkjh }kjk dh xbZ tkaWp ;k

dk;Zokgh ;k ikfjr fd;k x;k dksbZ vkns’k(

¼nks½ fdlh lkslkbZVh ;k fdlh lkslkbZVh dh lfefr ;k

milfefr ds }kjk dh xbZ dksbZ dk;Zokgh ;k

fofu’p; ;k ladYi ;k ikfjr fd;k x;k dksbZ

vkns’k(

-101 -

¼rhu½ fdlh lkslkbZVh ds fdlh vf/kdkjh }kjk dh xbZ

tkap ;k dk;Zokgh ;k fofu’p; ;k ikfjr fd;k

x;k dksbZ vkns’k%

ijUrq] fdlh Hkh vkns’k ;k fofu’p; ;k dk;Zokgh

vkfn dks iqujh{k.k esa rc rd QsjQkfjr ;k myVk

ugha tk,xk] rc rd fd fgrc) i{kdkjksa ij lwpuk

dh rkehy u dj nh xbZ gks] vkSj mUgsa lquokbZ dk

volj u ns fn;k x;k gksA

¼2½ dksbZ Hkh vkosnu xzg.k ugha fd;k tk,xk] tc rd fd

og vkns’k dh rkjh[k ls rhl fnu ds Hkhrj izLrqr u

fd;k x;k gks] vkSj iwoksZDr dkykof/k dh lax.kuk djus

esa mDr vkns’k dh izfrfyfi vfHkizkIr djus ds fy,

visf{kr le; NksM+ fn;k tk,xk-

dfri; ekeyksa

esa dksbZ vihy

;k iqujh{k.k

ugha gksxk

79 bl vf/kfu;e esa varfoZ"V fdlh izfrdwy ckr ds gksrs

gq, Hkh] tgkaW Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad dh fyf[kr iwoZ eatwjh

ls ;k mldh v/;izs{kk izkIr gksus ij &

¼,d½ fdlh lgdkjh cSad ds ifjlekiu ds fy, vkns’k

fd;k x;k gks(;k

¼nks½ le>kSrk ;k Bgjko dh vFkok iqufuekZ.k ;k

iquxZBu ;k lafofy;u dh dksbZ Ldhe cukbZ

xbZ gks ;k izHkko’khy dh xbZ gks(;k

¼rhu½ fdlh lgdkjh cSad dh lfefr ds] pkgs og

fdlh Hkh uke ls iqdkjh tkrh gks] vfr"Bku ;k

fuyEcu ds fy, vkns’k fn;k x;k gks rFkk mlds

izca/k ds fy, izHkkjh vf/kdkjh vkfn dh fu;qfDr

dh xbZ gks] ogka mlds fo#) dksbZ vihy]

iqujh{k.k ;k iqufoZyksdu ugha gksxk ;k vuqKs;

ugha gksxk vkSj Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad dk ,slk

vkns’k ;k eatwjh ;k v/;is{kk iz’uxr fd;s tkus

ds nkf;Rok/khu ugha gksxh-

iqufuoZyksdu 80 jkT; ljdkj vFkok jftLVªkj Loizsj.kk ls ;k

fdlh fgrc) i{kdkj dk vkosnu i= izkIr gksus ij

fdlh Hkh ekeysa esa vius Lo;a ds vkns’k dk

iqufoZyksdu dj ldsaxs vkSj mlds laca/k esa ,slk vkns’k

ikfjr dj ldsaxs] tSlk fd og U;k; laxr le>s%

ijUrq fgrc) i{kdkj }kjk fd;k x;k dksbZ Hkh

vkosnu i= rc rd xzg.k ugha fd;k tk,xk vkSj u

gh fdlh ekeys dks Loizsj.kk ls fy;k tk,xk] tc rd

;FkkfLFkfr jkT; ljdkj ;k jftLVªkj dk ;g lek/kkj

gks tk, fd lk{; dh ubZ rFkk egRoiw.kZ ,slh ckr dk

irk yxk fy;k x;k gS] tks fd lE;d~ rRijrk dk

iz;ksx djus ds i'pkr~ Hkh mudh ;k vkosnd dh

-102 -

tkudkjh esa ugha Fkh] og mlds }kjk ml le; izLrqr

ugha dh tk ldh Fkh tcfd mldk vkns’k fd;k x;k

Fkk ;k ;g fd dksbZ ,slh Hkwy ;k xyrh gqbZ gS] tks

vfHkys[k ds ns[kus ls gh izdV gks tkrh gS] ;k fd

dksbZ vU; i;kZIr dkj.k jgk gS%

ijUrq ;g fd] fdlh ,sls vkns’k es tc rd dksbZ

ifjorZu] la’kks/ku ;k mikUrj.k ugha fd;k tk,xk ;k

mldk rc rd iqujh{k.k ugha fd;k tk,xk] tc rd

fd fgrc) i{kdkjksa dks milatkr gksus ds fy, rFkk

lqus tkus ds fy, lwpuk u ns nh xbZ gks%

ijUrq ;g vkSj fd] fdlh fgrc) i{kdkj ds

vkosnu i= ij fdlh vkns’k dk iqufoZyksdu rc rd

xzg.k ugha fd;k tk,xk] tc rd fd og vkosnu ml

vkns’k ds ikfjr fd, tkus ds uCcs fnol ds Hkhrj u

fd;k x;k gksA

dfri; ekeyksa

esa vihy

izkf/kdkjh }kjk

ifjlhekdky

dk c<+k;k tkuk

80&d mu leLr ekeyksa esa] ftuesa bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu

;g mica/k fd;k x;k gS fd fdlh Hkh fofu’p; ;k

vkns’k ds fo#) vihy fdlh fofufnZ"V dkykof/k ds

Hkhrj QkbZy dh tk ldsxh] vihy izkf/kdkjh ,slh

dkykof/k dk volku gksus ds i'pkr~ vihy xzg.k dj

ldsxkA ;fn vihyjkFkhZ vihy izkf/kdkjh dk ;g

lek/kku dj ns fd ,slh dkykof/k ds Hkhrj vihy u

djus ds ft, mlds ikl i;kZIr dkj.k FkkA

Ekeyksa dk

vUrj.k ;k

izR;kgj.k

80&[k /kkjk 77 ,oa 78 ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,

jftLVªkj] vij jftLVªkj] la;qDr jftLVªkj ;k mi&

jftLVªkj bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa ds v/khu mn~Hkwr

gksus okys fdlh ekeys ;k fdlh oxZ ds ekeyksa dks

fofu’p; ds fy, vius v/khuLFk fdlh ,sls vf/kdkjh

dks] tks ,sls ekeys ;k ,sls oxZ ds ekeyksa dks fofu’p;

djus ds fy, l{ke gks] viuh Lo;a dh Qkby esa ls

vUrfjr dj ldsxk ;k og fdlh Hkh ,sls vf/kdkjh ls

fdlh ekeys ;k fdlh oxZ ds ekeyksaa dks izR;kâr dj

ldsxk rFkk ,sls ekeyks ;k ,sls oxZ ds ekeyksa ds laca/k

esa Lo;a dk;Zokgh dj ldsxk ;k mUgsa vius v/khuLFk

fdlh vU; ,sls vf/kdkjh dks] tks ,sls ekeys ;k ,sls

oxZ ds ekeyksa dks fofu’p; djus ds fy, l{ke gks]

fufnZ"V dj ldsxkA

-103 -

vUroZrhZ vkns’k

djus dh 'kfDr

80&x tgka dksbZ vihy ;k iqujh{k.k ;k iqufoyksdu ;k dksbZ

vU; vkosnu bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jkT; ljdkj ;k

jftLVªkj dks fd;k x;k gks] ogka ;FkkfLFkfr jkT;

ljdkj ;k jftLVªkj] U;k; ds m)s’;ksa dks foQy gksus

ls jksdus ds fy, ;FkkfLFkfr vihy ;k iqujh{k.k ;k

iqufoZyksdu ds vkosnu&i= ij fofu’p; yafcr jgus

dh vof/k esa ,sls vUroZrhZ vkns’k dj ldsxk] tks fd

mls U;k;laxr ,oa lqfo/kkiw.kZ izrhr gks ;k ,sls vkns’k

dj ldsxk] tks U;k; ds m)s’;ksa ds fy, ;k mldh

izfØ;k ds nq#i;ksx dks jksdus ds fy, vko’;d gksaA

vkns'kksa ds

fu"iknu dk

jksdk tkuk

80&?k ¼1½ vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh ftlus dksbZ vkns’k ikfjr fd;k

gks ;k mldk in mRrjorhZ] vihy ;k iqujh{k.k ds

fy, fofgr dh xbZ dkykof/k dk volku gksus ds iwoZ]

fdlh Hkh le;] ;g funsZ’k ns ldsxk fd ,sls vkns’k dk

fu"iknu mrus le; rd ds fy, jksd fn;k tk;s tks

vihy ;k iqujh{k.k QkbZy djus rFkk vihy ;k

iqujh{k.k izkf/kdkjh ls jksd vkns’k ¼LVs vkMZj½ vfHkizkIr

djus ds fy, visf{kr gksA

¼2½ og izkf/kdkjh] tks /kkjk 77 ;k /kkjk 78 ;k /kkjk 80

}kjk iznRr 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx dj jgk gks] ;g funsZ’k

ns ldsxk fd ml vkns’k dk] tks vihy ;k iqujh{k.k

;k iqufoZyksdu ds v/khu gS] fu"iknu mrus le; rd

ds fy, jksd fn;k tk,] tSlk fd og mfpr le>sA

¼3½ fdlh vkns’k dk fu"iknu jksd fn, tkus dk funsZ’k nsus

okyk vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh ,slh 'krsZ vf/kjksfir dj

ldsxk ;k ,slh izfrHkwfr fn;s tkus dk vkns’k ns ldsxk]

tSlk fd og mfpr le>s A

Yafcr ekeyksa dk

varj.k

80&M- ewy vf/kfu;e ds v/khu e/;izns’k jkT; lgdkjh

vf/kdj.k ds le{k NRrhlx<+ lgdkjh lkslkbZVh

¼lalks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 2003 ds izHkko’khy gksus dh

rkjh[k ij yafcr izR;sd vihy ;k iqujh{k.k ;k dksbZ

vU; dk;Zokgh jkT; ljdkj dks varfjr gks tk,xhA

80&p dksbZ vf/kdkjh ;k dksbZ izkf/kdkjh bl vf/kfu;e }kjk

;k mlds v/khu jkT; ljdkj dks iznRr dh xbZ ,slh

'kfDr;ksa dk tSlk fd jkT; ljdkj fo’ks"k ;k lk/kkj.k

vkns’k ls izR;k;ksftr gksdj ,sls {ks=ksa ds Hkhrj rFkk

,sls izdj.kksa esa iz;qDr djsaxs] tSlk fd jkT; ljdkj

fofufnZ"V djsaA

-104 -

X;kjgoka v/;k;& izdh.kZ

ljdkj dks

'kks/; jkf’k;ksa

dh olwyh-

81 ¼1½ os leLr jkf’k;ka] tks fdlh lkslkbVh ;k fdlh

lkslkbVh ds fdlh vf/kdkjh] lnL; ;k HkwriwoZ lnL;

;k fdlh e`r lnL; }kjk ml gSfl;r esa jkT; ljdkj

dks 'kks/; gksa] ftuds vUrxZr dksbZ ,sls [kpsZ Hkh vkrs gSa

tks bl vf/kfu;e ds fdUgha mica/kksa ds v/khu ljdkj

dks fnyok;s x;s gksa] jftLVªkj }kjk bl laca/k esa tkjh

fd;s x;s izek.k i= ij] mlh jhfr esa olwy fd;s tk

ldsaxs ftl jhfr esa fd Hkw&jktLo ds cdk;k olwy

fd;s tkrs gSa-

¼2½ os jkf’k;ka] tks fdlh lkslkbVh }kjk jkT; ljdkj dks

'kks/; gksa rFkk mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu olwyh ;ksX; gksa]&

-105 -

¼d½ izFker%] lkslkbVh dh lEifRr ls(

¼[k½ f}rh;r%] fdlh ,slh lkslkbVh dh n’kk esa]

ftlds fd lnL;ksa dk nkf;Ro lhfer gks]

lnL;ksa ;k HkwriwoZ lnL;ksa ls] ;k e`r

lnL;ksa dh lEinkvksa ls] muds nkf;Ro

dh lhek ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,]

olwy dh tk ldsxh%

ijUrq erd ds fdlh fof/kd izfrfuf/k dk

nkf;Ro e`rd dh ml lEifRr dh lhek rd gh gksxk

tks fd ,sls fof/kd izfrfuf/k ds gkFk esa vkbZ gks( vkSj

¼x½ r`rh;r%] vU; lkslkbfV;ksa dh n’kk esa]

lnL;ksa ;k HkwriwoZ lnL;ksa ls ;k e`r

lnL;ksa dh lainkvksa ls olwy dh tk

ldsaxh %

ijUrq HkwriwoZ lnL;ksa dk ;k er lnL;ksa dh

laink dk nkf;Ro leLr ekeyksa esa /kkjk 29 ds mica/kksa

ds v/;/khu gksxk-

lgdkjh

lkslkbVh ds

O;frØeh

lnL;ksa ds

fo:) dk;Zokgh

djus dh fdlh

foRrnk;h cSad

dh 'kfDr-

81&d ¼1½ ;fn dksbZ lgdkjh lkslkbVh vius _.k ml foRrnk;h

cSad dks] ftlls fd mlus os _.k fy, gS] pqdkus esa

bl dkj.k vleFkZ gks fd mlds lnL;ksa us muds }kjk

'kks/; /ku dk Hkqxrku djus esa O;frØe fd;k gS] rks

og foRrnk;h cSad ,slh lkslkbVh dh lfefr dks funs’k

ns ldsxk fd og ,sls lnL;ksa ds fo:) /kkjk 64 ds

v/khu dk;Zokgh djds vxzlj gks-

¼2½ ;fn lgdkjh lkslkbVh dh lfefr foRrnk;h cSad ls

,slk funs’k izkIr gksus dh rkjh[k ls uCcs fnu dh

dkykof/k ds Hkhrj vius O;frØeh lnL;ksa ds fo:)

dk;Zokgh u djs] rks foRrnk;h cSad Lo;a ,sls O;frØeh

lnL;ksa ds fo:) dk;Zokgh dj ldsxk vkSj ml n’kk

esa bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/k vkSj mlds v/khu cuk;s

x;s fu;e rFkk mifof/k;ka mlh izdkj ykxw gksaxh@gksaxs

ekuksa fd mDr mica/kksa] fu;eksa rFkk mifof/k;ksa esa

lkslkbVh ;k mldh lfefr ds izfr fd;s x;s leLr

funsZ’k foRrnk;h cSad ds izfr funsZ’k gksa-

¼3½ tgka fdlh foRrnk;h cSad us viuh _.kh fdlh

lkslkbVh ds fo:) dksbZ fMØh ;k vf/kfu.kZ; vfHkizkIr

fd;k gks] ogka cSad ,sls /kuksa dks ml lkslkbVh dh

-106 -

vkfLr;ksa ls mu _.kksa dh lhek rd tks fd lkslkbVh

}kjk 'kks/; gksa] olwy djus dh dk;Zokgh dj ldsxk-

U;k;ky;ksa dh

vf/kdkfjrk dk

otZu-

82 ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e esa ;Fkk micaf/kr ds flok;] fdlh

flfoy ;k jktLo U;k;ky; dks fuEufyf[kr ds laca/k

esa dksbZ vf/kdkfjrk ugha gksxh-&

¼d½ fdlh lkslkbVh dk ;k mifof/k;ksa dk ;k fdlh

mifof/k ds fdlh la’kks/ku dk jftLVªhdj.k(

¼[k½ fdlh lfefr dk gVk;k tkuk rFkk bl izdkj

gVk;s tkus ds i'pkr~ lkslkbVh dk izca/k(

¼x½ dksbZ ,slk fookn ftldk fd jftLVªkj dks ;k

mlds uke fufnZ"V O;fDr dks ;k ukefufnZ"V

O;fDr;ksa ds cksMZ dks funsZf’kr fd;k tkuk

visf{kr gks(

¼?k½ fdlh lkslkbVh ds ifjlekiu rFkk mlds

fo?kVu ls lacaf/kr dksbZ ekeyk-

¼2½ tc fdlh lkslkbVh dk ifjlekiu fd;k tk jgk gS]

rks ,slh lkslkbVh ds dkjckj ds laca/k esa lekid ds

fo:) ml gSfl;r esa] ;k ml lkslkbVh ds ;k mlds

fdlh lnL; ds fo:) dksbZ okn ;k vU; fof/kd

dk;Zokfg;ka jftLVªkj dh vuqefr ls rFkk ,sls fucU/kuksa

ds] tSls fd og vf/kjksfir djs] v/;/khu jgrs gq, gh

vxzlj dh tk;xh ;k lafLFkr dh tk;sxh vU;Fkk ugha-

¼3½ bl vf/kfu;e esa ;Fkk micaf/kr ds flok;] bl

vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fd;k x;k dksbZ vkns’k] fofu’p;

;k vf/kfu.kZ; fdlh Hkh U;k;ky; esa fdlh Hkh vk/kkj

ij iz’uxr ugha fd;k tk;xk-

[kpsZ dh olwyh- 83- dksbZ jkf’k] tks /kkjk 63 ds v/khu [kpZ ds :Ik esa

vf/kfuf.kZr dh xbZ gks] jftLVªkj }kjk] fdlh ,sls

eftLVªsV dks vkosnu fd;k tkus ij tks ml LFkkuh;

{ks= ij vf/kdkfjrk j[krk gS tgka fd og O;fDr]

ftlls fd og jde nkok dh tkus ;ksX; gS] fuokl

djrk gS ;k dkjckj djrk gS] ,sls O;fDr dh fdlh

,slh lEifRr dks] tks fd ,sls eftLVªsV dh vf/kdkfjrk

dh lhekvksa ds Hkhrj gks] cspdj olwy dh tk ldsxh

vkSj ,slk eftLVªsV mls olwy djus ds fy, mlh jhfr

esa dk;Zokgh dj sxk ekuks fd ;g jkf’k Lo;a mlds }kjk

vf/kjksfir fd;k x;k tqekZuk gks-

Hkkj dk izorZu- 84 lkrosa v/;k; esa ;k rRle; izo`Rr fdlh vU; fof/k esa

vUrfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] fdUrq olwyh dh

fdlh vU; jhfr ij] tks fd bl vf/kfu;e esa micaf/kr

-107 -

gS] izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk] jftLVªkj ;k jftLVªkj

}kjk bl laca/k esa l’kDr fd;k x;k dksbZ Hkh O;fDr]

lkslkbVh dk vkosnu izkIr gksus ij rFkk ,sls fu;eksa ds

v/;/khu jgrs gq, tSls fd jkT; ljdkj bl laca/k esa

cuk,] fdlh lnL; ;k HkwriwoZ ;k e`r lnL; }kjk

lkslkbVh dks 'kks/; fdlh _.k ;k ijkns; ekax dk]

ml laifRr ;k mlesa ds fdlh fgr dh] tks /kkjk 40

dh mi/kkjk ¼1½] /kkjk 41 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ rfkk /kkjk

42 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½] ¼2½ rFkk ¼3½ ds v/khu fdlh Hkkj

ds v/;/khu gks] dqdhZ rFkk foØ; }kjk ;k ,slh

dkykof/k ds fy, rFkk ,sls fuca/kuksa ,oa 'krksZa ds

v/;/khu jgrs gq, tSlh fd jftLVªkj ;k ,slk vU;

O;fDr fofufnZ"V djs] fdlh vU; jhfr esa mlds

vUrj.k }kjk Hkqxrku fd;s tkus dk funsZ’k nsrs gq,

vkns’k dj ldsxk %

ijUrq bl /kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ Hkh vkns’k rc

rd ugha fd;k tk;xk tc rd fd lnL; ij] HkwriwoZ

lnL; ij ;k er lnL; ds uke funsZf’kr O;fDr]

okfjl ;k fof/kd izfrfuf/k ij vkosnu dh lwpuk dh

rkehy u dj nh xbZ gks vkSj mlus ,sls rkehy dh

rkjh[k ls rhl fnu ds Hkhrj _.k ;k ijkns; ekax dk

Hkqxrku djus esa pwd u dh gks-

dfri;

lkslkbfV;ksa dks

'kks/; jkf’k;ksa

dh olwyh-

84&d ¼1½ /kkjk 64] 69 vkSj 78 esa varfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs

gq, Hkh fdlh lgdkjh x`g fuekZ.k lkslkbZVh vFkok

NRrhlx<+ jkT; lgdkjh vkokl la?k ;k izkFkfed

'kgjh lgdkjh cSad }kjk viuh cdk;k 'kks/; jkf’k dh

olwyh ds fy, vkosnu fd;k tkus ij jftLVªkj ,slh

tkap djus ds i'pkr~ tSlh fd og mfpr le>s] mlesa

dfFkr jde dh olwyh ds fy, mlds cdk;k ds #i

es 'kks/; gksus dk izek.k i= iznku dj ldsxkA

¼2½ jftLVªkj }kjk iznRr izek.k&i= mlesa dfFkr cdk;k

dk vafre ,oa fu’pk;d lcwr gksxk vkSj og Hkw&jktLo

ds cdk;k ds :Ik esa olwyh ;ksX; gksxk-

vkns’kksa vkfn dk

fu"iknu-

85 bl vf/kfu;e ds fdUgha Hkh mica/kksa ds v/khu jftLVªkj

}kjk ikfjr fd;k x;k izR;sd vkns’k ;k fd;k x;k

izR;sd vf/kfu.kZ; ;k fd;k x;k izR;sd fofu’p;]

vihyh ;k iqujh{k.k izkf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk ikfjr fd;k x;k

izR;sd vkns’k vkSj lekid }kjk fd;k x;k izR;sd

vkns’k ;k fofu’p;] ;fn dk;kZfUor u fd;k x;k gks]&

-108 -

¼d½ jftLVªkj }kjk ;k mlds }kjk bl laca/k esa

izkf/kd`r fd;s x;s fdlh O;fDr }kjk

gLrk{kfjr izek.k i= ds ns fn;s tkus ij]

flfoy U;k;ky; dh fMØh le>k tk;xk vkSj

mlh jhfr esa fu"ikfnr fd;k tk;xk ftl jhfr

esa fd ,sls U;k;ky; dh fMØh fu"ikfnr dh

tkrh gS( ;k

¼[k½ ml fof/k ds vuqlkj rFkk mu fu;eksa ds

v/khu] tks fd Hkw&jktLo ds cdk;k dh olwyh

ds fy, rRle; izo`Rr gksa] fu"ikfnr fd;k

tk;xk( ;k

¼x½ jftLVªkj }kjk ;k bl laca/k esa jftLVªkj }kjk

l’kDr fd;s x;s fdlh vU; O;fDr }kjk] ml

O;fDr ;k lkslkbVh dh] ftlds fd fo:)

vkns’k] fofu’p; ;k iapkV vfHkizkIr fd;k x;k

gks ;k ikfjr fd;k x;k gks] fdlh laifRr dks

,slh jhfr esa] tSlh fd fofgr dh tk;] dqdZ

djds rFkk vUrfjr djds ;k csp dj ;k dqdZ

fd;s fcuk csp dj fu"ikfnr fd;k tk;xk %

ijUrq [k.M ¼[k½ ds v/khu olwyh ds fy, dksbZ

Hkh vkosnu&

¼,d½ dysDVj dks fd;k tk;xk vkSj mlds

lkFk jftLVªkj }kjk ;k mlds }kjk bl

laca/k esa izkf/kd`r fd;s x;s fdlh O;fDr

}kjk gLrk{kfjr izek.k i= layXu gksxk%

vkSj

¼nks½ vkns’k] fofu’p; ;k iapkV esa fu;r dh

xbZ rkjh[k ls ikap o"kZ ds Hkhrj vkSj

;fn ,slh dksbZ rkjh[k fu;r u dh xbZ

gks] rks ;FkkfLFkfr vkns’k] fofu’p; ;k

iapkV dh rkjh[k ls ikap o"kZ ds Hkhrj

fd;k tk;xk-

LFkkoj laifRr

dk dCtk nsus

ds vkns’k dks

fu"ikfnr djus

dh jhfr-

85&d tc fdlh O;fDr ds fo:) LFkkoj laifRr dk dCtk

nsus dk vkns’k bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu ikfjr dj

fn;k x;k gks] rks ,slk vkns’k fuEufyf[kr jhfr esa

fu"ikfnr fd;k tk;xk] vFkkZr~ %&

¼d½ dCtk j[kus okys O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa ij ,d

lwpuk dh rkehy djds ftlls mlls @

muls ;g vis{kk dh tk;xh fd og @ os

-109 -

mDr lwpuk dh izkfIr ds i'pkr~ ,sls le; ds

Hkhrj] tSlk fd ;qfDr;qDr izrhr gks] mls fjDr

dj ns @ nas( vkSj

¼[k½ ;fn ,slh lwpuk dk ikyu u fd;k tk; rks

fdlh ,sls O;fDr dks] tks mls fjDr djus ls

bUdkj djs] gVkdj ;k gVkus ds fy, fdlh

v/khuLFk dks izfrfu;qDr djds] vkSj

¼x½ ;fn dksbZ O;fDr fdlh ,sls O;fDr dks gVkus

okys vf/kdkjh dk izfrjks/k djs ;k mls ck/kk

igqapk;s] rks /kkjk 3 esa fofufnZ"V fd;s x;s

vf/kdkfj;ksa esa ls fdlh Hkh vf/kdkjh dks

fu;qDr djds tks ekeys ds rF;ksa dh laf{kIr

tkap djsxk vkSj ;fn mldk ;g lek/kku gks

tk; fd izfrjks/k ;k ck/kk dk dksbZ U;k;laxr

dkj.k ugha Fkk vkSj ;g fd ,slk izfrjks/k ;k

ck/kk vHkh Hkh pkyw gS] rks og fdUgha Hkh ,slh

dk;Zokfg;ksa ij] ftuds fd fy, ,slk O;fDr

,sls izfrjks/k ;k ck/kk laca/kh naM ls lacaf/kr

rRle; izo`Rr fdlh fof/k ds v/khu nk;h gks]

izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk] ,slh dk;Zokgh dj

ldsxk ;k djok ldsxk vkSj ,slk cy iz;ksx

dj ldsxk ;k djok ldsxk] tks ,sls vf/kdkjh

dh jk; esa] ml vkns’k ds vuqikyu dks

lqfuf’pr djus ds fy, ;qfDr;qDr :Ik ls

vko’;d gks-

lwpuk dh

rkehy-

86 ¼1½ ,slh izR;sd lwpuk ;k vkns’k dks] tks bl vf/kfu;e]

fu;eksa ;k mifof/k;ksa ds v/khu tkjh dh xbZ ;k fd;k

x;k gS] fdlh O;fDr ij rkehy] mls jlhnh

jftLVªhdr Mkdi= }kjk] ftlesa og lwpuk ;k vkns’k

vUrfoZ"V gksxk] ,sls O;fDr ds fuokl ;k dkjckj ds

vfUre Kkr LFkku ij mfpr :Ik ls lacksf/kr djds

dh tk ldsxh%

ijUrq fdlh lgdkjh lfefr }kjk cqyk;s x;s

fdlh lfEeyu ls laacaf/kr lwpuk Mkd izek.k i=

¼lfVZfQdsV vkWQ iksfLVax½ ds v/khu vkSj ;k mldh

izkfIr dh vfHkLohd`fr vfHkizkIr djus ds i'pkr~

O;fDr’k% ifjnRr djds tkjh dh tk;xh-

¼2½ dksbZ vfHkLohd`fr] ftldk fd ,sls O;fDr }kjk

gLrk{kfjr gksuk rkRif;Zr gks] ;k fdlh Mkd deZpkjh

}kjk fd;k x;k bl vk’k; dk i`"Bkadu fd ml O;fDr

us ifjnku ysus ls bUdkj dj fn;k gS] rkehy dk izFke

-110 -

n`"V;k lk{; le>k tk ldsxk %

ijUrq ;fn lwpuk dh rkehy bl vf/kfu;e ;k

mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa] ;k lkslkbVh dh

mifof/k;ksa ds v/khu micaf/kr fdlh jhfr esa ugha dh

tk ldrh gks rks mldh ,d izfr ml O;fDr] ds ftls

lwpuk nh tkuh gS] vafre Kkr fuokl LFkku ij ;k

,sls LFkku ij ;k ,sls LFkku esa yksd lekxe ds fdlh

LFkku ij yxkbZ tk,xh-

jftLVªkj rFkk

vU; vf/kdkjh

vkfn]

yksdlsod gksaxs-

87 ,slk izR;sd vf/kdkjh ;k O;fDr rFkk lkFk gh fdlh

lgdkjh cSad ;k fdlh lgdkjh lkslkbVh dk izR;sd

deZpkjh ;k izR;sd izkf/kdkjh tks bl vf/kfu;e ;k

mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa] mifof/k;ksa ds v/khu

dh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx dj jgk gks ;k mu 'kfDr;ksa dk

iz;ksx djus ds fy;s izkf/kd`r gks] Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk]

1860 ¼1860 dk la- 45½ dh /kkjk 21 ds vFkZ ds

vUrxZr yksd lsod le>k tk;xk-

ln~HkkoiwoZd

fd;s x;s dk;ksZa

ds fy,

ifj=k.k-

88 jftLVªkj ;k fdlh ,sls O;fDr ds] tks mldk v/khuLFk

gks ;k mlds izkf/kdkj ds v/khu dk;Z dj jgk gks]

fo:) fdlh Hkh ,slh ckr ds laca/k esa] tks fd mlds

}kjk bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu ln~HkkoiwoZd dh xbZ gks

;k ftldk fd mlds }kjk bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu

ln~HkkoiwoZd fd;k tkuk rkRif;Zr jgk gks] dksbZ okn]

vfHk;kstu ;k vU; fof/kd dk;Zokgh ugha gksxh-

flfoy

U;k;ky;ksa dh

'kfDr;ka-

89 ¼1½ jftLVªkj] mlds uke fufnZ"V O;fDr ;k ukefufnZ"V

O;fDr;ksa ds cksMZ ;k fdlh ,sls vU; O;fDr dks] tks

fdlh fookn dk fofu’p; dj jgk gks] rFkk fdlh

lkslkbVh ds lekid dks] bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k

mlds v/khu mls iznRr dh xbZ 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx

djrs le;] fuEufyf[kr ckrksa ds laca/k esa os leLr

'kfDr;ka izkIr gksaxh tks fd flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk]

1908 ¼1908 dk vf/kfu;e la- 5 ½ ds v/khu fdlh

okn dk fopkj.k djrs le; fdlh flfoy U;k;ky;

dks gksrh gS] vFkkZr~ %&

¼d½ fdlh O;fDr dks leu djuk rFkk mldks

gkftj djkuk rFkk 'kiFk ij mldh ijh{kk

djuk(

¼[k½ fdlh nLrkost ds izdVhdj.k rFkk mls is’k

fd;s tkus dh vis{kk djuk(

¼x½ 'kiFki=ksa }kjk rF;ksa dk lcwr( vkSj

¼?k½ lkf{k;ksa dh ijh{kk ds fy, deh’ku fudkyuk-

-111 -

¼2½ fdlh 'kiFk i= dh n’kk esa] ;FkkfLFkfr jftLVªkj }kjk

fu;qDr fd;k x;k dksbZ vf/kdkjh] mldk uke funsZf’kr

O;fDr ;k ukefunsZf’kr O;fDr;ksa dk cksMZ ;k lekid

vfHklk{kh dks 'kiFk fnyk ldsxk-

jftLVªkj ;k

mlds }kjk

l’kDr fd;k

x;k O;fDr

dfri;

iz;kstuksa ds

fy, flfoy

U;k;ky; gksxk-

90 jftLVªkj ;k mlds }kjk bl laca/k esa l’kDr fd;s x;s

fdlh O;fDr dks tcfd og fdlh lEifRr dks dqdZ

djds rFkk cspdj ;k dqdZ fd;s fcuk cspdj dksbZ

jde olwy djus ds fy, bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu dh

fdUgha 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx dj jgk gks ;k tcfd og

fdlh ,sls vkosnu ij] tks fd ,slh olwyh djus ds

fy, ;k ,slh olwyh djus ds gsrq lgk;d dne mBkus

ds fy, mldks fd;k x;k gks] dksbZ vkns’k ikfjr dj

jgk gks] bafM;u fyfeVs’ku ,DV 1908] ¼1908 dk

la[;kad 9½ dh vuqlwph 1 ds vuqPNsn 182 ds

iz;kstuksa ds fy, flfoy U;k;ky; le>k tk;xk-

daiuh

vf/kfu;e ykxw

ugha gksxk-

92 dEiuh vf/kfu;e] 1956 ¼1956 dk vf/kfu;e la-1 ½ ds

mica/k bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªhd`r dh xbZ

lkslkbfV;ksa dks ykxw ugha gksaxs-

dfri; vU;

vf/kfu;e

lgdkjh

lkslkbfV;ksa dks

ykxw ugha gksaxs-

93 NRrhlx<+ nqdku rFkk LFkkiuk vf/kfu;e] 1958 ¼Ø-

25 lu~ 1958½] NRrhlx<+ b.MfLVª;y odZesu

¼LVsf.Mx vkMZlZ ½ ,DV] 1959 ¼Ø- 19 lu~ 1959½ rFkk

NRrhlx<+ vkS|ksfxd laca/k vf/kfu;e] 1960 ¼Ø- 27

lu~ 1960½ esa vUrfoZ"V dksbZ Hkh ckr bl vf/kfu;e ds

v/khu jftLVªhdr dh xbZ fdlh lkslkbVh dks ykxw

ugha gksxh-

oknksa esa lwpuk

nsuk vko’;d

gksxk-

94 fdlh lkslkbVh ;k mlds vf/kdkfj;ksa esa ls fdlh Hkh

vf/kdkjh ds fo:) fdlh Hkh ,sls dk;Z ds laca/k esa] tks

ml lkslkbVh ds xBu] izca/k ;k dkjckj ls lacaf/kr

gks] dksbZ Hkh okn rc rd lafLFkr ugha fd;k tk;xk

tc rd fd ,slh fyf[kr lwpuk] ftlesa fd

okn&gsrqd] oknh dk uke] fooj.k rFkk mldk fuokl

LFkku ,oa og vuqrks"k] ftldk fd og nkok djrk gks]

dfFkr fd;k x;k gks] jftLVªkj dks ifjnRr dj nh

tkus ;k mlds dk;kZy; esa NksM+ nh tkus ds i'pkr~ ls

vkxkeh nks ekl dk volku u gks x;k gks] vkSj okn

i= esa ;g dFku varfoZ"V gksxk fd ,slh lwpuk bl

izdkj ifjnRr dh tk pqdh gS ;k NksM+h tk pqdh gS-

fu;e cukus dh

'kfDr-

95 ¼1½ ljdkj] laiw.kZ jkT; ds fy, ;k mlds fdlh Hkkx ds

fy, rFkk fdlh lkslkbVh ;k fdlh oxZ dh

lkslkbfV;ksa ds fy,] fu;e ,slh lkslkbVh ds ;k ,sls

oxZ dh lkslkbfV;ksa ds dkedkt ds lapkyu ;k

fofu;eu ds gsrq rFkk bl vf/kfu;e ds leLr

iz;kstuksa ;k muesa ls fdlh Hkh iz;kstu dks dk;kZfUor

-112 -

djus ds fy, cuk ldssxh-

¼2½ fof’k"Vr;k rFkk iwoZxkeh 'kfDr dh O;kidrk ij

izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk] ,sls fu;e -&

¼d½ /kkjk 3 ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,] mu

'kfDr;ksa dk tks fd jftLVªkj esa fufgr gS]

jftLVªkj dh lgk;rk djus ds fy, fu;qDr

fd;s x;s O;fDr;ksa dks izR;k;kstu fofgr dj

ldsaxs rFkk jftLVªkj dks mifof/k;ksa ds

izLFkkfir la’kks/ku dh izfrfyfi;ka Hkstus dh

jhfr fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼[k½ fdlh lkslkbVh ds jftLVªhdj.k ds fy,

vkosnu djus esa iz;ksx esa yk;s tkus okys

izk:Ik rFkk vuqikyu dh tkus okyh 'krsZa ,oa

,sls vkosnuksa ds fo"k; esa vuqlj.k dh tkus

okyh izfØ;k fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼x½ os fo"k;] ftuds laca/k esa dksbZ lkslkbVh

mifof/k;ka cuk ldsxh vFkok ftuds laca/k esa

mifof/k;ka cukus ds fy, jftLVªkj fdlh

lkslkbVh dks funs’k ns ldsxk] rFkk og izfØ;k]

ftldk fd vuqlj.k mifof/k;ka cukus] muesa

ifjorZu djus rFkk mUgsa fujkd`r djus esa

fd;k tk;sxk ,oa os 'krsZa ftudks fd mifof/k;ksa

ds bl izdkj cuk;s tkus] ifjofrZr fd;s tkus

;k fujkd`r fd;s tkus ds iwoZ iwjk fd;k

tk;xk] fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼x&1½ fdlh lkslkbVh ds fdlh lnL; ds izf’k{k.k ds

fy, dkykof/k fofgr dj ldsaxs rFkk izf’k{k.k

ikB~;Øe esa gkftj gksus ds fy, fdlh

lkslkbVh ds fdlh lnL; ls vis{kk djus dh

jhfr fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼x&2½ fdlh la?kh; lkslk;Vh ds oS;fDrd lnL; ds

ernku laca/kh vf/kdkj dk fofu;eu djus dh

jhfr fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼?k½ lkslkbVh dk uke ;k mldk nkf;Ro rCnhy

djus ds fy, rFkk mlds iqulZaxBu ;k

iquxZBu ds fy, vuqlj.k dh tkus okyh

izfØ;k rFkk vuqikyu dh tkus okyh 'krsZa

fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼M-½ os 'krsZ] ftudk vuqikyu lnL; ds :Ik esa

izos’k ds fy, vkosnu djus okys ;k lnL; ds

:Ik esa izfo"V fd;s x;s O;fDr }kjk fd;k

-113 -

tk;xk] fofgr dj ldsaxs rFkk lnL;ksa ds

fuokZpu ,oa izos’k ds fy, rFkk lnL;rk ds

vf/kdkj dk iz;ksx djus ds iwoZ fd;ss tkus

okys Hkqxrku ,oa vftZr fd;s tkus okys fgr

ds fy, micU/k dj ldsaxs(

¼p½ /kkjk 24 ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,]

fdlh lkslkbVh ds va’kksa dh og vf/kdre

la[;k ;k mldh iwath dk og Hkkx] tks fd

fdlh lnL; }kjk /kkj.k fd;k tk ldsxk]

fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼N½ lnL;ksa ds okfil fy;s tkus ;k gVk;s tkus rFkk

mudks lank; djus ds fy, micU/k dj ldsaxs(

¼t½ ml O;fDr ds] ftls fd fdlh er lnL; dk

va’k ;k fgr lanRr ;k vUrfjr fd;k tk

ldsxk] uke&funsZ’ku ds fy, mica/k dj

ldsaxs(

¼>½ fdlh HkwriwoZ lnL; ;k e`r lnL; ds va’k ;k

fgr dk ewY; vfHkfuf’pr djus ds fy,

micU/k dj ldsaxs(

¼=½ m/kkj ds fy, vkosnu djus okys lnL;ksa dks

fd;s tkus okys Hkqxrku rFkk muds }kjk

vuqikyu dh tkus okyh 'krsZa] og dkykof/k]

ftlds fy, m/kkj fn;s tk ldsaxs rFkk og

jde] tks fdlh ,d lnL; dks m/kkj nh tk

ldsxh] fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼=&1½ fdlh lalk/ku lkslkbVh esa vuqlwfpr

tkfr;ksa@ vuqlwfpr tutkfr;ksa rFkk vkfFkZd

:i ls detksj oxksZa ds lnL;ksa ds fy, LFkkuksa

ds vkj{k.k ds fy, vuqikr fofgr dj ldsaxs

rFkk ;g micU/k dj ldsaxs fd mi;qZDr

tkfr;ksa] tutkfr;ksa ;k oxksZa dk dksbZ lnL;

fdlh lalk/ku lkslkbVh ds v/;{k@ lHkkifr

;k mik/;{k@mi&lHkkifr dk in /kkj.k

djsxk(

¼V½ jftLVªkj ds ;k fdlh vU; vf/kdkjh ;k

izkf/kdkjh ds dk;kZy; esa nLrkostksa ds fujh{k.k

ds fy, rFkk mu nLrkostksa dh izekf.kr

izfrfyfi;ka nh tkus ds fy, Qhl ds mn~xzg.k

ds fy, micU/k dj ldsaxs(

¼B½ lnL;ksa dk jftLVj vkSj tgka lnL;ksa dk

nkf;Ro va’kksa }kjk ifjlhfer gks] ogka va’kksa dk

-114 -

jftLVj rFkk lnL;ksa dh lwph cukbZ tkus rFkk

j[kh tkus ds fy, mica/k dj ldsaxs(

¼M½ ;g lqfuf’pr djus ds fy, mica/k dj ldsaxs

fd fdlh lkslkbVh dh va’kiwath ;g lqfuf’pr

djus ds fy, fd va’k ds ewY; esa o`f) ugha

gksxh vkSj vko’;drkuqlkj lkslkbVh ds fy,

vko’;d iwath miyC/k jgsxh] vko’;drkuqlkj

ifjofrZr dh tk ldsxh(

¼<½ os fucU/ku rFkk 'krsZa ftu ij fd ljdkj

lkslkbfV;ksa dks va’kiwath vfHknk; dj ldsxh

;k mUgsa foRrh; ;k vU; lgk;rk ns ldsxh]

vkSj os fuca/ku rFkk 'krsZa] ftu ij fd ljdkj

lkslkbVh }kjk tkjh fd;s x;s fMcsapjksa ;k fy;s

x;s m/kkjksa ds ewy/ku ;k mu ij ds C;kt ds

Hkqxrku ds fy, izfrHkwfr ns ldsxh] fofgr dj

ldsaxs(

¼.k½ og jhfr] ftlesa fdlh lkslkbVh ;k lkslkbfV;ksa

ds fdlh oxZ }kjk va’kksa ds ;k fMcsapjksa ds

vk/kkj ij ;k vU;Fkk fuf/k;ka bdV~Bh dh tk

ldsaxh vkSj bl izdkj bdV~Bh dh xbZ fuf/k;ksa

dh ek=k fofu;fer dj ldsaxs(

¼r½ fdlh lnL;] HkwriwoZ lnL;] ;k er lnL; }kjk

lkslkbVh dks ns; _.k ;k cdk;k ekax ds C;kSjs

ds ckjs esa rglhynkj dks lalwpuk nsus dh jhfr

fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼Fk½ og izfØ;k] ftlds }kjk dksbZ lkslkbVh MwcUr

_.kksa dh lax.kuk djsxh rFkk mUgsa cV~Vs [kkrs

Mkysxh] fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼n½ vkjf{kr fuf/k;ka cukbZ tkus rFkk j[kh tkus ,oa

mn~ns’;ksa] ftuds fd fy, ,slh fuf/k;ka

mi;ksftr dh tk ldsaxh] ds fy, rFkk

lkslkbVh ds fu;a=.kk/khu fdlh fuf/k] ftlds

vUrxZr vkjf{kr fuf/k vkrh gS] ds fofu;kstu

rFkk mi;ksx ds fy, mica/k dj ldsaxs(

¼/k½ og nj] ftl ij fd dksbZ lkslkbVh NRrhlx<+

jkT; lgdkjh la?k ds ys[ks vfHknk; djsxh]

fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼u½ /kkjk 44 ds v/khu fdlh lkslkbVh dh fuf/k;ksa

ds fofufgr fd;s tkus dk izdkj rFkk fdlh

izfrHkwfr ;k izfrHkwfr;ksa ds fdlh oxZ esa

fofu/kku dk vuqikr fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼i½ fdlh ,sls Hkfo"; fuf/k ds izfr] tks fd fdlh

lkslkbVh }kjk mu vf/kdkfj;ksa ;k deZpkfj;ksaa

ds] tks fd muds }kjk fu;ksftr fd;s x;s gksa]

-115 -

Qk;ns ds fy, LFkkfir dh xbZ gks] vfHknk; ds

lank; ds fy, rFkk ,slh Hkfo"; fuf/k ds

iz’kklu ds fy, mica/k dj ldsaxs(

¼Q½ lnL;ksa ds lk/kkj.k lfEeyuksa ds fy, rFkk ,sls

lfEeyuksa esa dh izfØ;k rFkk ,sls lfEeyuksa

}kjk iz;ksx dh tkus okyh 'kfDr;ksa ds fy,

mica/k dj ldsaxs(

¼c½ lfefr ds lnL;ksa rFkk vU; vf/kdkfj;ksa dh

fu;qfDr] muds fuyacu ,oa muds gVk;s tkus

ds fy, rFkk /kkjk 53 ds v/khu fdlh O;fDr

;k fdUgha O;fDr;ksa dh fu;qfDr ds fy, mica/k

dj ldsaxs vkSj lfefr ds lfEeyuksa esa dh

izfØ;k fofgr dj ldsaxs rFkk lfefr] O;fDr

;k O;fDr;ksa ,oa vU; vf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk iz;ksx

dh tkus okyh 'kfDr;ksa rFkk ikyu fd;s tkus

okys dRrZO;ksa ds fy, mica/k dj ldsaxs(

¼Hk½ fdlh lkslkbVh ;k fdlh oxZ dh lkslkbfV;ksa

dh lfefr ds lnL;ksa rFkk fdlh lkslkbVh ;k

fdlh oxZ dh lkslkbfV;ksa ds deZpkfj;ksa ds

fy, vgZrk,a vkSj fujgZrk,a rFkk lsok dh os

'krsZa] ftuds fd v/;/khu O;fDr;ksa dh

lkslkbfV;ksa }kjk fu;qfDr dh tk ldsxh]

fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼e½ lkslkbVh }kjk jftLVªkj dks izLrqr dh tkus

okyh foojf.k;ka fofgr dj ldsaxs rFkk ,sls

O;fDr ftlds }kjk rFkk ,sls iz:Ik ftlesa ,slh

foojf.k;ka izLrqr dh tk;axh] ds laca/k esa

mica/k dj ldsaxs(

¼;½ ,sls O;fDr] ftlds }kjk rFkk ,sls iz:Ik ftlesa

nLrkostksa rFkk lkslkbVh dh iqLrdksa esa dh

izfof"V;ksa dh izfrfyfi;ka izekf.kr dh tk

ldsaxh] ds laca/k esa rFkk mudh izfrfyfi;ksa dk

iznk; fd;k tkus ds fy, mn~xzfgr fd;s tkus

okys izHkkjksa ds fy, mica/k dj ldsaxs(

¼dd½ os ys[ks rFkk iqLrdsa] tks lkslkbVh }kjk j[kh

tkuh gksa] fofgr dj ldsaxs rFkk ,sls ys[kkvksa

dh laijh{kk ,oa ,slh laijh{kk ds fy, fd;s

tkus okys izHkkjksa] ;fn dksbZ gksa] ds fy, rFkk

fdlh lkslkbVh dh vkfLr;ka rFkk mldk

nkf;Ro n’kkZus okys rqyui= ds fu;rdkfyd

izdk’ku ds fy, mica/k dj ldsaxs(

¼[k[k½ jftLVªkj ds ukefunsZf’kr O;fDr ;k ukefunsZf’kr

O;fDr;ksa ds cksMZ dh fu;qfDr ds fy,] mu

dk;Zokfg;ksa esa] tks jftLVªkj] mlds ukefunsZf’kr

-116 -

O;fDr ;k ukefunsZf’kr O;fDr;ksa ds cksMZ ds

le{k gksa] vuqlj.k dh tkus okyh izfØ;k ds

fy, rFkk fookn ds vo/kkj.k ds fy, O;;ksa ds

fu;r rFkk mn~xzfgr fd;s tkus ds fy, vkSj

,slh dk;Zokfg;ksa esa fofu’p;ksa dks izofrZr ;k

vf/kfu.kZ;ksa dks fu"ikfnr djus ds fy, mica/k

dj ldsaxs(

¼xx½ vknsf’kdkvksa ds tkjh fd;s tkus rFkk mudh

rkehy ds fy, mica/k dj ldsaxs(

¼?k?k½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k fu;eksa ds v/khu 'kks/; fdUgha

jkf’k;ksa dh olwyh ds fy, izfØ;k rFkk mldh

i)fr fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼M-M-½ /kkjk 68 ds v/khu dqdZ dh xbZ laifRr dh

vfHkj{kk ds fy, vuqlj.k dh tkus okyh

izfØ;k fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼pp½ /kkjk 71 ds v/khu iznRr 'kfDr;ksa ds iz;ksx ds

fy, izfØ;k rFkk 'krsZa ,oa fdlh lekid }kjk

vuqlj.k dh tkus okyh izfØ;k fofgr dj

ldsaxs vkSj vf/k’ks"k vkfLr;ksa ds O;;u ds fy,

mica/k dj ldsaxs(

¼NN½ vihysa] iqujh{k.k ,oa iqufoZyksdu is’k djus rFkk

fuiVkjs esa vuqlj.k dh tkus okyh izfØ;k

fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼>>½ fdlh ,sls vkns’k] fofu’p; ;k vf/kfu.kZ; ds]

ftldk lalwfpr ;k izdkf’kr fd;k tkuk bl

vf/kfu;e ;k fu;eksa ds v/khu visf{kr gS]

lalwfpr fd;s tkus ;k izdkf’kr fd;s tkus dh

i)fr fofgr dj ldsaxs(

¼==½ leLr ,sls fo"k;ksa ds fy,] ftudk fd fu;eksa

}kjk fofgr fd;k tkuk bl vf/kfu;e }kjk

visf{kr ;k vuqKkr gks] mica/k dj ldsaxs-

¼3½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk;s x;s leLr fu;e

fo/kku lHkk ds iVy ij j[ks tk;saxs-

fujlu rFkk

O;ko`fRr;ka-

96 ¼1½ egkdkS’ky {ks= dks ykxw gq, #i esa dks&vkiWjsfVOg

lkslkbVht ,DV] 1912 ¼Øekad 2 lu~ 1912½]

e/;Hkkjr lgdkjh laLFkk fo/kku] 1955 ¼Øekad 9 lu~

1955½] foU/;izns’k dks&vkiWjsfVOg lkslkbVht

vkfMZusl] 1949 ¼Øekad 21 lu~ 1949½] Hkksiky LVsV

dks&vkiWjsfVOg lkslk;Vht ,DV] 1937 ¼Øekad 11 lu~

1937½ rFkk fljksat {ks= dks ykxw gq, #i esa jktLFkku

dks&vkiWjsfVOg lkslkbVht ,DV] 1953 ¼Øekad 4 lu~

1953½ ,rn~ }kjk fujLr fd, tkrs gSaA

-117 -

¼2½ ,sls fujlu ds gksrs gq, Hkh]&

¼,d½ fdlh Hkh ,slh lkslkbVh ds] tks mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa

fofufnZ"V dh xbZ vf/kfu;fefr;ksa ds v/khu

jftLVªhdr dh xbZ gS vkSj jftLVªhdr dh xbZ

le>h tkrh gS] laca/k esa ;g le>k tk;xk fd

og bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªhdr dh

xbZ vkSj mldh mifof/k;ksa ds] tgka rd fd os

bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa ls vlaxr u gksa ]

laca/k esa ;g le>k tk;xk fd os bl

vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªhd`r dh xbZ gS vkSj

rc rd izo`Rr cuh jgsaxh tc rd fd

ifjofrZr ;k fo[kafMr u dj nh tk;sa-

¼nks½ mDr vf/kfu;fefr;ksa esa ls fdlh Hkh

vf/kfu;fefr ds v/khu dh xbZ leLr

fu;qfDr;ksa] cuk;s x;s fu;eksa] fd;s x;s vkns’kksa]

tkjh dh xbZ vf/klwpukvksa rFkk lwpukvksa ,oa

lafLFkr fd;s x;s oknksa rFkk vU; dk;Zokfg;ksa

ds laca/k esa ;koR’kD; ;g le>k tk;xk fd os

bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu Øe’k% dh xbZ gS]

cuk;s x;s gSa] fd;s x;s gSa] tkjh dh xbZ rFkk

lafLFkr dh xbZ gSa-

•

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"W-Ff, ~ 28 3fTT«f 2001

~. 4.:35l363r,TI.i2001.-'1-Thf %zjHi.JR~ 3~ 348 ~~ (3) ~ ~-q ,jiifF.fl1, 2001 (~; 11 "l'.l'1,_ 2001) <:1;: ~T ~ ~~ ~ mf~ °it ~ ~

:HHt.ITISGARH ACT (to. l l of 2001)

1 lE C!IHA"'ITISGARH CO PERATIVE SOCIETIES (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2ClC!

A Act to amend further fl .- Chh:,ttisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, 1960. ,t'.,

Be it enacted hy the Chhatli\;•.arh Legislature in the fifty second year of lite Republic

ti) 'I 'his Act may be cahe?."the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies (Amendment) 1~ ' 2001 (No. 1 t of200I). '.:'

{ii) ll shall come into force on such date as the Stale Government may by notificati~n,;'''

After Section 16-B of the C!,i;attisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, l 960(Which is herinaft n:fn red as a principal Act),The foaowing section shall be inserted, namely :- '' ·· ,~,

>.

"16 (C)Government's power to make scheme of reorganisation in the public inte ' ' :;yfi/~~-:

( l) Notwithstandinganythi ng contained in this Act or the Rules made thereunder. ijft Government, on·teceipt of a report from the Registrar or otherwise, is satisfi · the public inte~(it is llccessary to reorganise any society or societies for the ·. of sccuri~g pmr:rJm1,l:.:n1~pt 1tl~n of development programm~sJn~f' ..... . mc~tJ~{'0.1tpw1;l, • .:1• n~[,;, ~~·}:nay make such sche,mc of rc9rgan1 ordersJoi1nplcineri_titl· \'e sd d;he.

(2) There shall be the pro, . ions ia1 scheme of reorganisation regarding :­(a) Method of rcorgani :lion; (b) Procedure for rcorr dlisatinn; (c) To tlic membership,, cgistntion, management, asscsts an<l liahilitics, powers, righ

interests, duties, staff and conditions of employment of such society or societies whi_ch arc niade afkr reorganisation; :\

(d) Such other (;Onsequ, ntial, i·ncidci1tal and supr,iemcnt:irj provisions as may be.' ssary; · ·.· .. '

(c) Any other subjcrt ;; , may dcemt~d necessary by the State Government.

Tbe State Government m.i'.) modify or cancel any rcu1 i:-::nisation scheme made or iss · oidcrs under s_ub-section (: 1.

4. ·111c provisio;1s regarding ,,very rcorga11isation scheme and 1l1c order:: i,::;•wd by tl,e St Government shall he binding upon the interested p:111ics.

:'i. Every scheme of such re°' ~0 :rnts:ttion shall he published in the offit-;al Gazette for·gc( iufonnation. ·

•

-626 - ------· . . ·---· --·-- ---·-·

1 .

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Shott title and Com-111e11~~em,rnt.

CHHAl"l'ISGARH AfJH!NlYAM tNo :n of 2002)

THE Cl-IHATTISGARII CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETll:.S (Ai\lL'.\D'.\H:'\T1 AOHINIYAl\l, 2001

An Act further to amend lhC' Chhatfogarh Co-opcrati\'t' So(:idies Act. I 9<i0.

De it enacted by the Chhauisgarh Legtslarure in the F11'l_,·-tl11rd y,,,H of1h..: K"·pul· . , 1 111.• ., ,1~ fnllow1> :-

I. ( i) This Act may be called the Chhatti•;c""'rh l"<,-opn.:iL,·<' \ri~·1c:!t,> :,.\·n•ii,d: 11 .,. 11 ,, Adhiniyam. 2002 {No. :n c:, 2002).

2,

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. Short llt~~t:t4 CoDMDencen~nt.

: .

Amend111ent" ·· of Section 2.

o'dlw14 iii '<IG-l!Qtcl iii~-« atJT ~~. lft. ift. iffirl~. '3Q'-~-

CHHA'1fISGARH ACT

(No. 20 of 2003)

· ,~v /'.rlaE CHHATTISGARH co-oPERATivE soc1ET1Es (SANsHoottAN, ADHINIYAM, 2003 ·

.VIO~D'll.\cfl;f&lfu~'er -to amendf1ti1e<.Cfttiattisgarh :co-operative; Societies Act, 1960 ' ' · (No. 17 of 1961).

{i • B~ it enacted by the Chhattisgarh Legislature in the Fit'ty-Fourth year of the ReJ>Ublic . of India as follows ·: -

~~}Ji~. f; ,, :-, • ·. • . .

t · \ (lY This Act may be called the Chbattisgarh Co-operative Societies (Amendment) · Ac~ 2003 (No. 20 of 2003).

(2) It sbaU-come inio'foice'froni the iiailf tif its publication in the official Gazette.

In Section 2 ot: the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 (No. 17 of 1961) .(!!~inafter ·referred to as the Principal Act) :- ·

::-;.·\>·,- . .

(a)· For the clause (c-i) the follwing clause shall be substituted, namely :- ·

(c-i) "Central Society" means a District Co-operative Agriculture and Rural Development Bank or any other society, whose area of operation is confined to a part of the· State and which has as its object the

· promotion of ·the objects of t11c member societies, and which has atleast five societies as its members;"

(b) · For the clause (hh) the following clause shall be substituted, namely :­

"(hh) "Development Bank" me,ms a District Co-operative Agricultural anJ

-

_ ~ .,of a ,Co-operative Bank, prior sanction in writing of -,,: ·: :/, •. -,~ ._, ·_t, :·-.-~ - - u ' . !

·. necessary. .· -i~tt/(:':~~:t~ :. ;-

, ,e'(~pipal Act,•

/'.,~ ,:.:.:i:,H'.:.: ... 4~~~\1·1 :.-_,

. . . . . . . llolij,)i( the: cbainnan is not elected from amongst persons •1Jt~e,)~g'ii1g .ti\i~Scheduied Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes,

'· ·· · · so~s.~!rn~iJlg to .. t,Iiese categories a.pd otherwise, by any person; C' ',:;;:~:.·<r1i.:~,•~:: _:< .. - ,•·• :; .

~<i.;tl};t ln;c~e of su~h resource society other than a Nagrik Co-operative ri~ ,9f'.',~~f.;em~J~ Q:~~ Society or thrift s~ciety, operating in a Schedu~ed

. a1nnan or president shall be elected only from amongst persons belongmg

f;Jb; ,;JliJl~Rt~!1.f lt~:{l .][,A,t : ~-' ;- - . . · i5, i ·- . ·- ll 19 • ?f-~e,(lffincip~, ;\qt,, j : \ l1 h .

:ll:$tj,'~Q~q ,~T~eqtyiij.}Uf;;rsµajJ b~ s~~mte(l; by ,thft1Jl'i'Ord ;,~{.;', ,[~ 't i_ii:" ·: ·. '. '" .·

.. /~f;\;i~,~f~:.J:Ji ,::~· -. . ;: ' . · .. , ' ... (tl);:~(:'~tton $8-B of tl1e Principal Act for the word "Tribunal" ' {~;: do\.inunent•l/ shall be substituted: - . '•. .

.. ,. .)4{L{}:J: .· .· ,: .. . . . ... · -: • F , ... ~1pter~'~§ns'Utµtion ofTrlbunal- The following chapter shall be substituted;

11aqiely -~ >' · f :'' re i~,, · · . . ,

, ,L :;'.,Jt~;: 1 t. > .

. n.;lf;:!th~iri';;tJ: Chapter!i- 1Appeals, Revision and Review· i:JttJXt~f 1i;\/jt;t\J i};!t2 E,~~ :!':··

77, , :'.J~ ~ .,r;~v~tJ~~jJ:~~fb,e~n otherwise provided, an appeal, shall lie from every <?ngm . r . \lllde11: :this Act or the rules made tllere under,- • _

'.t-;,' ,- :{;:: ~

· en:} it?~iic~.:q_rqer i$ passec) by an otlicer other than Registrar; Additional Registrar · ;:·;1;-:;~#i~tAt.Regisiriµ;/o/bether or not the Otlicer passing· the order is invested with

:, -~g;!;tµ~'.·powersl.ot?tb~CRegistrar, ·10 _ the Joint Registrar; •· • • ' l• •- ~ . '

(ii!'.~ i(~µclf ord,er is p~ed .by Joint R,egistrar, whether, or not invested with the : powers of Registrar, to the Registrar or tl1e Additional Registrar authorised by

• . ~ ,; • . f • '

by.· ~egistrar or Additional Registrar, to the State

Amendment or Section 16 ( C).

Amendment or Section 48.

Amendment of Section 49.

Amendment or Section 58-8 •

Substitution of Chapter X.

9~2003 •

.. _,..,

~ {2}. Sa\re.as otherwise provided a second appeal shall lie against every order pas:-.eil 'ink~is.i' •. ,~'.imder il~is Act or the rules made there under-

(i);'' by the Joint Registrar to the Registrar or the Additional Registrar authorised :PY J_he Registrar; . !{.;3t;;~f,'\ -~y:,lbe Registrar or Additional Registrar, to the Stale Gover,nHeut.

ond appeal . shall lie on any of the following grounds. mid no other.

(i)'. · that the order is contrary to law; or

·· '(ii{ {that the order has failed to detcnnine some material issue of law; or ,··::t.,-'"

~·~

{ ,-; there bas been a substantial error or defect in the procedure as prescribed "",.fby'tbis Act which may have produced error or defect in Ilic decision or the ' .<t;! t •~ ·-;t<i4·•,;_ "_•'' •

.-.,; .-, .. ·".··:'.f.: ... •;.·,_l_·~.·p.se.· .. ·.·-·-.. -.... ·· ,:' ..... ' on merits. -:·=,:~i~~.!1< p ~- "

·· '(.:(:), -.~ Eitry appeal shall be· presented in tl1e prescribed m,umcr to the appellate authority coiwerncU, within t11irty days of the date on which the order appealed against was

. cd~tnimic~tcd to the party affectcJ by the order; .. J,-:.- _\; ":'

~,: • ·erQ:.J1ded t11at in computing t11e period of limitation under this sub-section· the time rffilltSite_:for obtai1,ing a copy of l11c order appealed against shall he excluded. ·- ,·}:::r·, .. , .... f.;~. ; . .

. ~} •. .

, ~'(lSion.-fl) The State Govenuneut or the Registrar may at a,1y time on its/ •!~~()(

0d.N the' application made by any party for tlle purpose of satisfying ilsclt/ :•;li$"to t11e. legality or propriety of t11e followings may pass such order in reference · '' ''Jt/he think tit,- -

,! .If; :-

i.;/ ;my, inquiry or proceediJJgs or any order passed by any oniccr subordinate .· ?to it/him· -~ '." ;.. . '

(i9 , , any proceedings or decision or resolution or any order passed by tlie society · ·. or committee or sub-committee of society;

)J;,•;'ff;1t,1,;9~tk:-~Y.:itl'\~~ pr proceedings. orde,9siop or any ;,'1i?·lfi'" 'ItJf? )l11)'1soetcty; . . ·. . .

order. passed by any ollicer

~l>:tovided that no. order shall be varied or reversed in revision unless notice has been sedted cm the parties interested ,md opportw1ity given to iliem of being heard.

•· (2,), .. ~ft.~1:'cb ~pplication shall be entc~ned w1less presented wit11in t11irty days from the 'date of'order and in computing tl1e period aforesaid time requisite for obtaining a cqpy of ,tlle said order shall be exclmkd. ·

79." · No~ppeal or revision in certain cases.-Nolwitllstm1ding ,mything to Ilic contrary contained in this Act, where with previous sanction in writing_ or on Ilic requisition or the R<;ser,ve Bank of India, ·

order for the winding up of a co-operative bank is made; or

a scheme of compromise or arrangement or reconstruction or re-orgm1isation or am<l,lgai;nation is made or is given effect to; or

, ' ,· .· ~) , , ;

(iii) an order for the supcrscsi,ion or suspension of the committee by whatever 11cune called of a co-opemtivc bank and the appointment of an officer incharge etc.

-

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-

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r .... '~============· ======================= · ,J therefor, has heen made;

' . ~•~!r; J;' ••• •

• · ... '-,~ iapJ)eal, revision or revie\1! there against shall lie or be pennissible, :md such .. or:detf. o~We; san,<,"tion 9f requisition1~f the Reserve Bank of India shall not be liable to . he called'.ill questjon. .

' ; ~if-~~ t:, ,'i, t : it~:,

;,80.:,:, ,.,:!~~•'4~•-;·:•Jhe :.St.a~ (J9vemrne11t or Registrar may, on its/his own motion, or on · the app~tj~~~~y ~y, !9:~9feSfed, review its/his own order in any case and pass such · , order in reterc~cc' thcreu>· as '.it/he thinks just; . .

:Provided lliat, n~ such apgli~ation made. by the party interested shall be entertained, nor such a case, he taken Suo-lllotu, w1less the State Govenunent or Registrar is satisfied tlml there ba,s been the discovery of new and import.ant matter or.evidence. which, after

" the cxq:rci~ iot" ·due diligence ~as 11ot:within tl1e knowledge of llle applicant or could not, . be produced by him al lllc time when tbe order was made, or lllat. there has been mistake

!-lr error apparent.on the face of the record, or there is any other sutlicient reason;

· .·Provided that no such.order shall be varied amended or revised, unless notice has bee~1 . ~~. l(}. tl1e parties interested: t~ appear and such interested parties have been heard.

Provided further that application for review of any order, by tl1e parties interested shall nol be entertained, unless tlle application is tiled witl1in ninety days from tl1e passing of tl1e order.

80-A. Extention of period of limitation by appellate authority in certain cases.-In all cases in which it is provided under tl1is Act that ,Ul appeal may be tiled against m1y decisiOtl, .or order within a sp!!dfied period, tl1c appellate autl1ority may admit ,m appeal

·. after tbe:expity,ofsuch period if the appelhmt' satisfies the appellate authority that he had ' sutlici~(cause J~ not preferring the appeal witl1in such period.

,:.,-,:" .· _ ... ·.~.fi~\{;.~.Jf<:F.,1.~irt .·, .. -. ; .·;?.::i ; . :-:so.u:: \ ~~ir~°:'br ~.I. of cases.-Suhject to llle provisions of section 77 ,md

78, tl1e Registrar, Addition;ilRegistrar, Joint Registrar, or the Deputy Registrar may make ovd any case or class of cases arising under tlle provisions of l11is Act, for decision from his own file Lo any otlicer subordinate to him competent to decide such case or class of cases or may withdraw ,my case or class of cases from any such ofticer. and may deal witl1 such case or class of cases himself or retcr tl1e same for disposal to any other ollicer subordinate_ to him and competent to decide such case or class of cases;

80-C. Pow.er to make interlocutory orde~.-When an applic1ttion for appeal, revision • . or review is'.,naQC to State Gov~nunent, or Registrar under this Act, it may in order to :preven(j~ ends''(){ _io,stice beiil,g defeated, make such interlocutory orders pending llle

,, decisio1fof the appeal or application, as llle case may be, as may appear to it/him to be just 1md convenient, or make such orders as may be necessary for tl1e ends of justice; or to prev~!ll tllc abuse of the legal procedure.

80-D. Stay of execution of orders.-

( l) An ofiicer ,who has passed any order or his successor in onice may, at ,my time before the expiry of llle period prescribed for appeal or revision, direct llle execution of such order to ,be stayed for such time as may be required for filing an appeal or revision ,md obtai~fa'~y order. from the appellate or revisional authority.

' ;·- ~. ,.,. .. ," ~

(2) The authority ex;rcising the powers conferred by section 77, section 78 or section 80 may direcl the execution of the order under appeal or revision or review to be stayed for such time as it may think fit. ·

(3) The omcer or aulllority directing llle execution of an order to be stayed may impose such co~ditions or order such security to be furnished as he or it tllinks fit.

' l ;;:;;:;:;=:=:;::==:::::::;;=====.====::;::::=================,--i

~ ,;;,i 'pending cases.-Every appeal or revision or m1y other pmceedin_g · :·dbya Pradesh. State Co-operative Tribunal under the Principal Act,

.. , •. Slatt&vemment1oa the date on which the Chhaltisgarh Co­"Aip~(lment) Act, 2003 comes into force.

er or _any authority shall exercise such powers, delegated to the Slate ,i,b./orund,er this Act, in such areas and'..in such cases as tl1c Slate Government

. ;,::bi. special or general order. · !,''-'<

itj1 Inl;§.~~s~tion (2) of Section 95 of the. Principal Act,-

-,--;}~-. ·?1. ;+t\i1i\: \,r .-. !.~~(< ,.~:··.. , . ,

't~ji.P · · ·"~ W}Jollowing clause .Sll/lll .be su~stituted, namely :-~::ti1 . , , H iti,.Pt'escrtbe the procedure to be followed in presenting and disposal or appeals;

i"f.·; revision and review." ;·..;..<_i_:'-<

~~ . Chhattisgarh Co-operative Society Act, 1960 (No. 17 of 196 I) whcreevcr, tl1e

~·~':~ya.Pradesh Land Development Bank Adhiniyam, 1966 (No. 28 of 1966)" ~the, words "The CU1attisgarh Co-operative Agriculture m1d Rural Development Bank Adhiniyam, 1999 (No. 20 of 2000)" shall be substituted.

Sahakari Society (Amendment) Ordinance, 2003 (No. 4 of 2003) r:pealed.

' \ •

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An Act to further to am~nd rhcChhal!1:;garh C1)-'J11cr,i1h·c Societies: Act. !9:YQ (\'o.17 of 1961).

Be it enacted by the Chhattisg::i.rh Lcgis!:iturc ir: th(.~ Fif't_y-t'i.;{y y::-ar of tile Republic 0f Inriia as follows:-

I.

2.

(I) This Act may be e:dled the Co-opcr.1\iv~ Societies \Amcn,b1cnt) Act, 2004 (No.~: of :!004).

(l) Suh s:.:ction 0-AA) Jr:d (7-A.\A.} sk1il he omitted.

"(~ \ l t'i11e 1:kci/(,ns ;1rr: nlit hc:h~ bcf,m: :iu; expiry cif th:.: h:nn :,iit:;;;!'i..:,J in suh-s(.:cti11rt ("i-A i ~·:1 ti:c c-·,tr.:11,1.:j ~~·r;n u:1,kr ddcrl·..d ht·i·cin hd(,rc st1b-:-::..·,:1ion t 7-.\:\ )_ t:ll tht n1e111bcrs nf the c,1:1::1:~ti,;c :;)1:ti! bL d~:~'lll~:d h1 :::..:.\·c ,·,icaitJ their st..-;:,ts :wJ 1in.: pcm·crs d'ihc cc,;111nittcc :sh:dl he

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wdh-111~ m, ~ 13 ~ 2013

CHHATIISGARH ACT (No.6of 2013)

THE CHHATTISGARH CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2012

An Act further to amend the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 (No. 17 of 1961).

Be it enacted hy the Chhattisgarh Legislature in the Sixty-third Year of the Re-puhlic of India. as follows :-

I.

,.,

3.

(I) This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies (Amend­ment) Act. 2012.

(2) It extends to the whole State of Chhattisgarh.

(3 J II shall come into force from the date of its publication in Otlieial Gazette.

The Preamble of Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 (No.17 of 1961) (hereinafter referred to as Principal Act), shall be substituted by the following:­"An Act lo organize and develop Co-operatives as democratic instruments and people's Institution based on the principles of voluntary formation. autonomous functioning, democratic memher - control, member - economic participation and autonomous functioning."

In Section 2 of the Principal Act,-(i) In clause (y-i), the word "Registrar", shall be suhstituted, hy the following

words-"Stale Election Commission"

(ii) After clause (b-i). the following clause shall be added, namely:--"(b-ii) "Authorized Person" means a person authorized by Registrar to

act on his behalf under this Act;''

(iii) Clause (z) shall be substituted, by the following:-''(z) "Co-operative Society" means a Co-operative society registered or

deemed 10 be registered under this Act"

(iv) The Clause (d) shall be substituted by the following:-(d) "Board" means the board of directors or ~he governing body of a

co-operative society, by whatever name called, lo which the direc­tion and control of the management of the affairs of a society is entrusted to;

(v) clause (t-i), .;hall be substituted. by the following:-(t-i) "Officer" means a person appointed by the society to discharge the

function assigned by the society and includes any officer posted on deputation;

(vi) After dause (t-i). the following clause (1-ia) shall be inserted, namely:-(t-ia) "office bearer" means a President. Vice-President, Chairperson, Vice­

Chairperson, Secretary or Treasurer of a co-operative society and includes any other person to he elected by the board of any co­operative society;

(vii) After clause (bb), the following clauses shall be added. namely:-"(cc) "Scheduled Castes" means tbe Scheduled Castes specified in

relation to this State under Anicle 341 of the Constitution of India;

80 ( 21' ,,,-

Short title, t·~tcnt and rommt·m·c­mcnt.

Amendment Preamble.

Amendment Section 2.

of

80 ( 22)

Insertion of new Section 19-E.

Amendment Section 32.

Amendment Section 48.

of

of

4.

5.

6.

0'ffifl'I~ m, ~ 13 ~ 2013

(dd) "Scheduled Tribes" means the Scheduled Triht:s specified in relation to this State under Article 342 of the Constitution of India:

(ee) "Tribunal" means the Chhattisgarh State Co-operative Tribu­nal constituted under Section 77."

(ff) "Multi-State co-operative society" means a society registered or deemed to be registered under the Multi-State co-operative societ­ies Act 2002 (No 39 of 2002)

(gg) "State level co-operative society" means a co-operative society hav­ing its area of operation extending to the whole of the Stale.

(hh) "Administrator" means a person appointt:d by Registrar with such terms and conditions to manage the affairs of the societies during the period in which the board of society is kept under supersession or suspension .

(ii) "Functional Director" means a Director other than elected and co-opted of the board, having functional responsibilities but re- presenting the board of directors, such as Managing Director. Additional Managing Director. Director Finance. Director Marketing , Secretary and other functional Officer etc;

(jj) "State Election Commission" means an authority or body referred to in article 243K of Constitution of India. for the purpose of superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of electoral rolls for, and the conduct of, all elections lo a co-operative society. In this Act, wherever the word "Committee" occurs shall be sub­stituted by the word "Board"

After Section 19-D of the Principal Act, the following Section shall be added. namely:-"19-E. Education of members, etc.- (I) Every Co-operative society shall include in

its budget in every financial year, provisions for expenses on the Education and Training of Members, including office hearer. other officer and Staff.

After sub-section (3) of Section 32 of the Principal Act, the following shall be added. namely:-(4) Every society shall carry on day to day business by its registered address and

shall maintain records pertaining lo the society at its registered address if the society does not-(i) _£:ommunicate the changed address to the Registrar. or (ii) carry on the business at its registered address. or (iii) maintain the records at its registered address.

The Registrar may impose penalty not exceeding fifty thousand rupees on the officer responsible after giving a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

In Section 48 of the Principal Acl,-(i) sub-section (3) shall be substituted, namely :-

(3) "The reservation of the seats on the board of the society from among its members belonging to Scheduled Castes. Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes shall be in proportion to their mem­bership."

7.

·wd7fl'I~ ~, ~ 13 ~ 2013

Provided that such reservation shall not exceed 50%. or mcmhershir of the hoard.

Provided further that one seat shall he reserved for Sch.:d­

ulc Castes and Scheduled Tribes. as the case may he.

(ii) For sub-section (7 ). the following shall he substituted. namely:-

"'(7) (a) A member who absents himself willfully in three cons.:cu­

Live meetings without reasonable cause. and which is

rrovcd after giving him reasonable oprortunity, shall he

ceased to he a member of the hoard, and is debarred from

all conse4uential benefits.

(h) In a Co-orerative society. no member shall he 4ualified

for election as member of the hoard, delegate or rerresen­

talive and entitled to vote in any election of the hoard.

delegate or representative of the co-orerative society

unless he has availed minimum level of services hy such

society as may he prescribed in this regard from time to time.··

(iii) After sub-section (7). the following sub-sections shall he added. namely :-

"(8) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or the rules made

thereunder or bylaws of the societies total number of members of

the hoard shall not exceed twentyaone. of which two shall he

women.

Provided further that co-opted srecialist member aprointed

under rrovisions of sub-section (9) of this Section and ex-officio

member. and Government nominee arpointed under rrovisions of

sub-section (I) of Section 52 and functional director(s) shall he

excluded from the maximum number of members for the rurpose

of this sub-section.

(9) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or rules made there­

under, Board shall co-opt those rersons as members of the hoard

having experience in the field of hanking management. finance or

srecialization in any other field relating to the objects and activities

undertaken hy the co-operative society, as member of the hoard of

such society:

Provided that the number of such co-orted member shall

not exceed two in addition to twenty-one members srecified in sub­

section (8) of this Section.

Provided further that such co-opted members shall not have

the right to vote in any election of the co-operative society in their

caracity as such member or to be eligible to he elected as office

hearers of the hoard."

In Section 49 of the Princiral Act,-

(i) In sub-section ( 1 ), for the words "three month before" the words "a period

of six months of' shall be substituted.

Amendment Section 49.

80 ( 23)

of

80 ( 24)

Amendment of 8. Sel"lion 50-A.

Insertion of a new 9. Section 50-8.

(ii) In suh-section {I). after clause (fl. the following ,:lausc shall he added. -

namely:-

.. (g l appointment of Auditor for next linancial year."

(iii) After proviso to suh-scction (7-A) (i). 1hc following proviso shall he

inserted. namely :-

.. Provided further that the hoard may lill a casual vacancy on the

hoard hy nomination out of the same class of mcmhcrs in respect of which

the casual vacancy has arisen. if the term of hoard is less than half of its

original term."

(iv l For suh-section (8), the following shall he suhstitl!ltcd. namely:-

"(8) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or Rules made there­

under the election of a hoard shall he conducted he fore the expiry

of the term of the hoard. If the elections arc not held hcforc the

expiry of the term. or hoard of society ceases lo function Jue to the

order of any court or otherwise all the memhcrs of the hoard shall

he deemed to have vacated their scats and the powers of the hoard

shall he deemed to have hccn vested in the Rcg:is1rar and the State

Election Commission shall hold elections within six months. or

twelve months in case of the Co-operative Banks:

Provided that the Rcgi~trar may authori1e any ofliccr to

exercise the powers of the hoard vested in him under this suh­

scction and the onicer so auth! .. -cd shall exercise such powers

form the date of such authorization:·

In Section 50-A of the Principal Act, the suh-section ( I-A) and ( 1-B) shall he omiltcd.

After Section 50-A of the Principal Act. the following shall he added. namdy:­

"50-B. State Election Commission.-( I) State Government may hy notilication in the Orlicial Gazelle Au­

thorize State Election Commission to conduct Election of co-op­

erative Societies and preparation of electoral rolls.

(2) State Election Commission shall in consultation with State

Govermcnt appoint such numhcrs of officers and other staff as may

he required for condw.:ting election in respect of co-operative soci­

eties;

(3) In exercise of power under this scctior). the state election commis­

sion shall determine the duties and rcsponsihilitics as well as the

powers that may he exercised hy such officers and the staff refer tn

in suh-scctitm (2 }-; as the commission may d1.-cm fit for conduc~ing

the dection.

i-H The State G,,\·crmcnr Simi!. in consultation with the Stale election

conuntssion make rules for the pr~paralilm of dcctora! rolls for

CllnJucttng dcctions to aJi co-operative ,rn.:ictie,;-.

5) The pr()(:cs~ 11! Elect inn to co-operative societies allli the powers of

n:turning office shall he a~ may he notified- hy the cmnmiss1on for

the purpose.

+

10.

I I.

g~ifl'l'f m, ~ 13 ~ 2013

(6) The commission.shall notify 1he code or conducl to he followed hy

the candidates. others and functionaries engaged in the process of

election for in enahling free and fair election.

(7) The commission shall also he empowered to requisition the ser­

vices of other officers 10 aid and assist in the election. and such

requestioned orticcrs will he under the ove.r all supervisions in con­

trol of commission during the election.

(8) (a) ll shall he obligatory on the president. Chairman and Func­

tional Director of every co-operative society lo notify state

election commission about election and it shall he the duty

of functional director to ensure thal the request for

holding elections is made availahle to the commission in

time to enable the commission to conducl eh:ction :

(h) On receipt of the request. as laid down under suh-section

(>)(a) the Commission shall ensure that 1he election be

held before the expiration of the term of ex isling hoard:

(c) It shall be the duty or the board of the society to ensure

that all information. books and records are kept upto date

and are being made availaole from time to time to the

Commission or any person authorized by him in this

behalf as may be required/expected hy him for the

purpose of election:

(d) The Board of the society shall also ensure that all such

assistance is being made available to Commission by the

society as may he expected hy him in this regard to con­

duct elections:

(9) All expenses incurred in conducting the elections of the board of

any society shall be borne hy the society concerned.

( 10) The Commission may issue such instructions to the hoard or its

members which it may consider reasonable for conducting free

and fair election. Instructions issued under this section hy the

Commission shall he binding on them.

Section 52-B of the Principal Act, shall be omitted.

In Section 53 ofthe Principal Act,-

(i) In clause (c) of suh-section (I). fix the words "two year:-. in the first in­

stance" the words "six months" shall be substituted.

(ii) In third proviso or clause (c) or sub-section (I), for the figure and word "5

years" the figure and word .. I year" shall be suhstituted.

(iii) For sub-section (3), the following shall be substituted. namely:-

"(3) No such order shall remain in force for more than six months, and

one year in case of Co-operative Banks."

(iv) Sub-section ( 13) shall be omitted.

80 ( 25)

Amendment Section 52-B.

Amendment Section 53.

of

of

80 ( 26)

Amendment Section 56.

of

Insertion of new Section 57-8.

12.

13.

(v)

m·ilw,~ ~, ~ 13 ~ 2013

After suh-section ( 13), the following shall he added, namely:-

"( 14) where in the opinion of the Registrar :-

( i) the hoard of co-operative society is in persistent default.

or negligent in the performance of its duties and has

commilled any act prejudicial to the interest of the co­

operative societies or its memher; or

(ii) there is stalemate in the constitution or functions of the

hoard: or

(iii) the State Election Commission has failed to conduct

election as per the Act. such hoard may he superseded or

kept under suspension and the Registrar shall proceed to

appoint administrator.

Provided further that the hoard of any such co­

operative societies shall not he superseded or kepi

under suspension where there is no Govermenl

shareholding or loan or financial assistance or any

guarantee hy the Goverment.

In Section 56 of the Principal Act.-

( i) After suh-section (I). the following shall he inserted. namely :-

"( I-a) Every society shall file returns within six months of t~e close of

every financial year to the Registrar or any person authorized hy

him on his behalf pertaining to the following, namely:-

(i) Annual report of its activities;

(ii) Its audited statements of accounts:

(iii) Plan for surplus disposal as approved hy the general hody

of the society;

(iv) List of amendments to the hylaws of tlie society. if any;

(v) Declaration regarding date of holding ;if its general hody

meeting and conduct of election when due; and

(vi) Any other information required hy the Registrar in pursu­

ance of any provision of this Act."

(ii) In sub-section (3 ), for the words "five thousand" the wor Js "fifty thousand"

shall he suhstituted.

After Chapter V and Section 57-A of the Principal Act, the folio\'. ing new Chapter V

A and Section 57-B shall be inserted, namely:-

"CHAPTER V-A

Provision regarding short term Co-operative Credit Strudure Societies

57-B. Management of short term Co-operative Credit Stru ~ture Societies.-( I) Notwithstanding anything contained in this A ;t or Rules framed

thereunder or hylaws of any registered society or irders issued there­

under, the provisions of this chapter shall have •Jverriding effect.

0'1ifl'I~ m, ~ 13 ~ 2013

(2) In this Chapter. unless the context otherwise requires.-

(3)

(i) "Affiliating Society" means a society of which another society or co-operative is a member;

(ii) "Co-operative" means a co-operative as defined under Section 2(f) of Chhattisgarh Swayatta Sahakarita Adhiniyam, 1999 (No. 2 of 2000);

(iii) "National Bank" means the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development established under Section 3 of the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act, 1981 (61 of 1981);

(iv) "Secondary Co-operative" means a co-operative regis-tered under Chhattisgarh Swayatta SahakaritaAdhiniyam,

t 1999 (No. 2 of 2000) of which another co-operatives or society is a member;

(v) "Short term co-operative credit structure society" includes the State Co-operative Bank, a Central Co-operative Bank and a Primary Agricultural Credit Co-operative Society.

(a) Short term co-operative credit structure society shall be eligible to be a member of a secondary co-operative.

(b) A co-operative registered under Chhattisgarh Swayatta Sahakarita Adhiniyam, 1999 (No. 2 of 2000) may become the member of an affiliating society registered under this Act.

( 4) A short term co-operative credit structure society may become a member of an affiliating society or a secondary co-operative of its choice or leave the membership of such society or co-operative.

(5)

(6)

(a) The bylaws or any amendment to the bylaws of a short term co-operative credit structure society shall be regis­tered by the Registrar within thirty days from the date of

receipt of the application.

(b) If the Registrar is satisfied that the proposed by laws or the amendments to the bylaws are contrary to the provi­sions of the Act and the rules made thereunder he shall reject the same duly recording his reasons thereon within thirty days from the date of receipt of the application.

(a) Every depositor in a primary agricultural credit co-opera. tive society, subject to the criteria of minimum depos t

amount and period, as prescribed by Registrar from time to time, shall be eligible to be a member of the sockty . under sub-section (I) of Section 19 after subscribing the minimum share capital specified in the bylaws of the soci­ety and shall have full voting rights of a member.

(b) An individual or a group of borrower shall have the right' to become member of a primary agricultural credit co-op~ erative society under sub-section (I) of Section 19.

(c) Every group of depositor or a group of borrower admitted, as member under sub-section (1) of Section 19, shall be entitled to vote through a delegate nominated by such group.

80 (27)

80 (28) ,.§'ffifl•I~ ~, ~ 13 ~ 2013

(7) The short term co-operative credit structure society shall he autonomous in all financial and internal administrative matters especially in the following areas:-(i) interest rates on deposits and loans in conformity with

and subject to Reserve Bank's guidelines.

(ii) borrowings and investments,

(iii) loan policies and individual loan decisions.

(iv) personnel policy. statling. recruitment. posting and remu­neration to staff. and

(v) internal control systems. appointment of auditors and com­pensation for the audit

(8) The State Government's subscription in the share capital of any short term co-operative credit structure society shall not exceed twenty five percent and the State Government or such society may reduce the State Government's subscription further at its choice.

(9) (a)

(b)

There shall be only one nominee of the State Government in the board of the State Co-operative Bank or a Central Co-operative Bank if the State Government has subscribed to its share capital:

Provided that the nominee of the State Govern­ment in the board of the State Co-operative Bank or a Cen-

• tral Co-operative Bank shall not take part in election nor shall have any voting right in such election.

(i) There shall be only one nominee of the Stale Government in the board of a primary agricul­tural credit co-operative society if the State Government has subscribed to its share capital:

Provided that the nominee of the State Government in a board in the primary agricul­ture credit society shall not take part in election nor shall have any voting right in such election.

(ii) A short term co-operative credit structure society shall have full freedom to transact with other societies registered under this Act or co­operatives registered under the Chhattisgarh Swayatta Sahakarita Adhiniyam, 1999 (No. 2 of 2000).

(10) A short term co-operative credit structure sqciety shall have the freedom of entry and exit at any tier and there shall be no manda­tory restrictions of geographical boundaries for its operations.

(11) A short term co-operatJve credit structure society may, subject to the guidelines of the Reserve Bank, invest or deposit its funds in any bank regulated by the Reserve Bank and not necessarily in the affiliating society to which it is affiliated.

( I 2) A short term co-operative credit structure society may obtain loans from any bank regulated by the Reserve Bank and refinance from the Nacional Bank and not nec~arily from the affiliating society to which it is affiliated.

..

( 13) A primary agricultural credit co-operative society may pay divi­dend in accordance with the guidelines framed by the Registrar in consultation with the National Bank.

( 14) No person shall be elected, nominated or co-opted or allowed to continue as a member of the board of a short term co-operative credit structure society. if he-

( 15)

( 16)

( i) is a person who represents a society other than a primary agricultural credit co-operative society on the board of a Central Co-operative Bank or the Stale Co-operative Bank, if the society he represents ha-; committed a default to­wards the payments of such bank for a period exceeding ninety days:

(ii) is a person who committed a default towards the payments to a primary agricultural credit co-operative society or represents a primary agricultural credit co-operative society on the board of a Central Co-operative Bank or the State Co-operative Bank, if the society he represents has committed a default towards the payments of such hank for a period exceeding one year unless the default has been cleared:

(iii) is a person. who represents a society whose board is superseded.

(a) The board of the State Co-operative Bank and the Central Co-operative Banks shall not he superseded without prior consultation with the Reserve Bank.

(h) The hoard r-f a primary agricultural credit co-operative society may he superseded only on any of the following grounds. if-

(al

(i) the society incurs losses for three consecutive years:

(ii) serious financial irregularities as proven in enquiry for the purpose;

(iii) fraud has been identified; {iv) lack elf quorum in three consecutive meetings.

The State Election Commission shall conduct elections to a short term co-operative credit structure society before thc expiry of the term of the existing hoard.

(h) The State Election Commission shall conduct elections to a short term co-operative credit structure society within six months in case of Primary Agricultural Credit Co­operative Society and twelve months in case of Stale Co­operative Banks and Central Co-operative Bank-s from the date of i-ts- supe~sion:

Provided that in circumstances bcyondcontrol, the Govemmem may allow holding of such elections within a period not exceeding six montbs from the date of supersession.

( c) A member of the board of a primary: agricultural credit co-operative society which has been superseded under this Act shall not he entitled to contest the election again for a period of three years from the date of superscssion:

80 (29)

80 ( 30) 3rili:-t•i~ m, ~ 13 ~ 2013

Provided that where the supersession is owing to the grounds contained in Section 15(b)(iv), the lack of quorum is not due to the absence of such member.

( 17) The members of the board and Chief Executive Officers of the State Co-operative Bank or the Central Co-operative Banks who do not fulfill the criteria stipulated by the Reserve Bank shall be removed by the Registrar or the Appointing Authority, as the case may be, on the recommendation of the Reserve Bank or the National Bank.

(18) (a) Where the number of elected members on the board of a State Co-operative Bank or Central Co-operative Bank does not, in the opinion of National Bank, possess special knowledge or experience in such fields as may be stipulated by the National Bank, the State Co-operative Bank or the Central Co-operative Bank, as the case may be, shall co-opt such number of professional in such field, not exceeding two and the professionals so co-opted shall have full voting rights except the election irrespective of whether such professional is a member of the Society or not.

(b) If any person who, in the opinion of the Reserve Bank, has been co-opted as a member of the board under clause (a) of this sub-section without having requisite knowledge or experience as stipulated by the Reserve Rank. he shall, on being advised by the Reserve Bank or :11e National Bank, be removed from the office after gi, i"g him a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

( 19) The Chief Executive Officer of the State Co-operative Bank and a Central Co-operative Bank, shall be appointed by the members of the board of the State Co-operative Bank or the Central Co-opera­tive Bank, as the case may be, from among a panel of names not exceeding three persons eligible to hold the office of Chief Execu­tive Officer in accordance with the criteria stipulated by Reserve Bank; and the aforesaid panel shall be recommended by a selection board consisting of the following persons all of whom shall be the members of the board of the State Co-operative Bank or the Central co-operative Bank as the ca~e may be :-(i) The nominee of State Government on the board.

(ii) The nominee of the National Bank on the board.

(iii) One other member of the board whether elected or co-opted.

(20) No primary agricultural credit co-operative society or its federa­tion or association (except those which are permitted to act as a bank under Banking Regulation Act, I 949 (IO of 1949) shall be registered with the term 'bank' or any other derivative of the term 'bank' in its registc,.;,d name or shall use the same as a part of its name:

Provided that where any primary agricultural credit co­operative society or its federation or association ( except those which has permitted as a ban'k under Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (IO of 1949) has been registered using the term "bank" before the coming into force of this Act, the term "bank" along with its derivatives term shall be omitted within three months from the date of enforce­ment of this Act:

,.h1lf1•1~ m, R-Wfi 13 ~ 2013

Provided further that where any such society fails to comply with the ahove prnvisicms within the period specified therein. the Registrar shall order the winding up of such society after giving a reasonahle opportunity of heing heard.

(21) The financial accounts of the State Co-operative Bank or Central Co-operative Bank. as the case may he. audited and ccrtilied hy an auditor or auditing firms from among the panel of such auditors approved hy the Registrar and appointed hy the General Body in this hehalf.

(22) Where the Reserve Bank so requires. the Registrar shall conduct a special audit of the financial accounts of the State Co-operative Bank or the Central Co-operative Banks. as the case may he. conduct the special audit and furnished the report of such audit in such manner and within such time as may he stipulated hy the Reserve Bank.

(23) No authority other than the hoard of the short term co-operative credit structure society shall have the power to direct the society that a contribution to he made to any fund other than that required for improving its net worth or the financial position of such society.

(24) The prudential norms. stipulated hy the Reserve Bank including norms for capital to risk weighted assets ratio. shall he prescrihcd hy the Registrar in consultation with the National Bank in respect of all primary agricultural credit co-operative societies.

(25) (i) When: the Reserve Bank prcscrihes any regulation. including a recommendation of supersession of a hoard or the winding up of State Co-operative Bank or Central Co­operatin: Banks. as the case may he. the Registrar shall comply with the same within one month from the date of such communication.

(ii) The Registrar shall ensure that the liquidator or the Ad­ministrator. as the case may he. is appointed within one month of hcing so advised hy the Reserve Bank for wind­ing up or supersession.

(iii) Where in the opinion of the Reserve Bank. the function­ing of the Chief Executive Officer of the State Co-opera­tive Bank or a Central Co-operative Bank. as the case may he. is such that it is not desirable in the interest of the hank lo continue the person as the Chief Executive Officer of the hank. it may require the registrar lo remove the Chief Executive Officer; and the registrar shall proceed forth­with to remove such Chief Executive Officers after giving a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

(iv) Where in the opinion of the Reserve Bank. a person does not possess the requisite special knowledge specified hy it. the Registrar shall on being advised hy the Reserve Bank. proceed forthwith to remove such co-opted memher after giving a reasonable opportunity of heing heard.

(26) Every employee of short term co-operative credit structure society shall he borne on the cadre of such Society and the Society shall have the full powers in all matters of appointment. promotion. disciplinary action. in respect of such employees:

Provided that the terms and conditions of an employee who is there on the date of this Act coming in to force. shall he protected.

80 ( 31)

80 ( 32)

.\mcndmcnl St·dion 58.

of 14.

~3•:ih-1•1~ m, ~ 13 ~ 2013

( 27) Where short term co-operative credit st rue ure society is required to he exempted from any of the provision,- of this Chapter in the public interest. the State Government shall do so with the prior approval of Reserve Bank.

(28) No authority shall do anything or act in any manner which may

have the dkcl of ahridging the power of any short term credit structure society under the provisions of this Chapter.

For Section 58 of the Principal Act. the following shall he suhstitutcd. namely:-58. Audit of Accounts.- ·

(I) Every co-operative society shall maintain hooks of accounts or its income, expenditure pertaining to the society's in the forms to he prescribed by the Registrar and shall present the prolit and loss accounts for each co-operative year and the balance sheet as on the last day of the co-operative year.

(2) Every co-operative society shall submit its hooks of accounh and record of all transactions and pertaining to all affairs l'nr the

purpose of audit by an auditor or auditing firm to he authori1cd h) General Body from a panel approved hy the Registrar.

(3) The Registrar shall not include a person who is not a memhcr of the institute of Chartered Accounted of India or auditing firm which is not dully authorized hy the said institute to conduct such audit.

Provided that in case of co-operative society with Govern­ment share holding or loan or ti,,ancial assistance or any guarantee

by the Government. the Registrar may include the auditor in the panel.

( 4) Every scx:iety shall get its accounts aud i ' by a Auditors or group of Auditors authorized by Registrar in tl11:-, hchalf once at least ev­ery financial year and shall pay such fees for auditing as nm) he prescribed hy the registrar in this regard:

Provided that-

( i J the State Government may. hy notilication. for reasons to he specified therein exempt any class of s1x:icties to pay such fees:

(ii) the Registrar shall lay down the minimum qualification and experience of such Auditor of auditing lirms referred to in sub-section (I):

(iii) the accounts of every society shall he audited within six months of the close of the finan,.:ial year lo which such accounts relate and the accounts of the societies shali he maintained hy the societies concerned in such a manner as

may he prcscrihcd hy the Registrar in this regard:

(iv) the Auditors. to conduct the audit or the accounts of the society referred to in sub-section (I) shall he appointed hy the general body of the society ninccrncd amongst the panel of Auditor or auditing linns approved h) the Registrar in this hehalf:

Provided further that if there is a complaint of financial irregularities or emhczzlemenl after the completion or issuance of the audit report. the Registrar may order special audit for the purpose.

(5) The audit under sub-section (4) shall include examination of the accounts and the overdue debts. if any. compliance of the instructions and orders of the Registrar issued under this Act. rules +

Anwndml•nt Section 74.

Amendment Section 75.

of

of

15.

16.

(i)

€9'dlfl'I~ u;;rr,r, ~ 13 ~ 2013 RO ( 33)

made thereunder and hylaws or the society. the verirication of L·ash halance and securities and Yaluation of the assets and liahilities or the societies and such other items as may he speciried h) the Registrar.

(6) The Auditors or Auditing firms shall at all times have access to all the hooks. accounts. documents. papers. securities. cash and other properties hclonging to. or in the custody of the society and mny summon any person in posscs,ion of or responsihle !'or. the custody of any such hooks. accounh. documents. papers. securities. cash or other properties. to produce th .. -;ame at any place at the headquar­ters or the society or any branch tlic:r,:.•:·

(7) Every person who is or has at any time hecn. an officer or employee of the society and l'\'l"ry nH.:mher and past memher of a society shall furnish sud1 information in regard to the transactions and working of thc society as the Auditors or Auditing linns may. require:

ProYided that thc audit report of accounts of an Apex Socicty shall he. laid hefore the Stall' leg1slatun: in such a mannL'.L as may he prescribed hy thc Stale Government.

In clausc ( k) or Section 74 of the Principal Act. for the full stop (.) aftcr the \\Ord "offence". the semi colon (:) and word "or" shall he suhstituted.

(ii) In Section 74 of the Principal Act. after clause (k). thc rollowing clauses shall he added. namely:-"( I) any person willfully or without an) reasonable excuse disoheys any

summons. requisition or lawful written order issued under the prm is ions of this Act or rules made thneundcr except as provided under suh-section ( 2 )or section .'il) of the Act: or

( m) any employer who is authori1,ed to make deduction from his salary and other dues for remitting the same to such co-operative society without sufficient dause: m

(n) an) pcrson. hefon:. during or after the election of memhers or the hoard or office hearns. adopt-.. an~ c, llTupt practice. so declared hy thc stall' election commi~~ion ...

In Section 75 or the Principal Act.-( i) ( I J In dauses (a). (d). (e) and (h) for the rigure ··2000 .. the rigure

··so.000" shall he substituted respecti\cly.

(2) In clauses (h). (c) and (j) for the figure ··1000-- the rigure "25.000" shall he substituted respectively.

(1) In clause (i) for the figure ··_'i()ff' the figure ·'25.()()()'' shall he substi­tuted.

( 4) In clauses (f). ( g) and ( k) for the figure ··250 .. the figure •'25.00(r' shall he suhstitutcd respectively.

(ii) I 11 dause ( k ). for the fu II stop (.) after the figure and word "741 k r. the semi colon (:) and word ··or" shall he substituted.

(iii) \ !'ter clause ( k ). !ht: following clauses shall he added. namely:-"( I) with line not exceeding Rs. 50,000. prm ided that he is convicted of

an olfoncc referred to in Section 74(1): or

(m) with line not exceeding Rs. 50.000. in each case. provided that he is convicted of an offence referred to in Section 74(mJ: or

(n) as prescrihed hy State Election Commission.

80 ( 34)

17.

011lfPI~ ~ •. ~ 13 ~ 2013

For Chapter X of the Principal Act. the following new chapter shall he suhstituted.

namely:-

"Chapter X

Constitution of' Tribunal

77. Chhattisgarh State Co-operative Tribunal.-( I) The State Government shall, hy notification. constitute a Tribunal

called the Chhallisgarh State Co-operative Trihunal to exercise the powers and to discharge the functions conferred or imposed on the

Trihunal hy or under this Act and the Chhattisgarh Swayatta Sahkarita Adhiniyam. 1999 (No 2 of 2000).

(2) The Trihunal shall consist of the Chairman and two other members.

(1) (a) No person shall he qualified to he the Chairman or the Trihunal unless he had heen a Judge of a High Court or has held the oflice of a Distt. Judge for not less than five

years

( h) or the other two memhers. one shall he an officer or l:O­

operative department not below the rank of Additional Registrar and the other shall he non -official closely as­sociated with the co-operative movement or an Advocate or a Pleader having: practical experience in the co-opera­tive movement for a period of not less than fifteen years;

Provided that if the State Goverment thinks lit. the Tribunal may consist of a single person.

Explanation :- For the purpose of this sub-section "non­official'· shall mean a person who on the date of

his appointment as a member. does not hold any office of pro lit under the Goverrnent of India or the Govcrtnent of any State.

( 4) Notwithstanding anything contained in suh-section ( I ).a person shall he disqualified for being appointed as, or for being a Chairman or a

Memher of the Trihunal, if he is a member of the Board of any society other than a general hody of a society.

(5) (a) The Chairman and other mcmhers of the Trihunal shall hold office ordinarily for a period of not less than two years and not more than live years as tht: State Government may, hy notification specify in this behalf.

( h) A person who has held office as the Chairman or a memher. for a period mentioned in clause (a) shall he eligible for reappointment.

(C) The Chairman or member of the Tribunal may. at any time. resign his olfice.

(d) The Chairman or a member of Tribunal may with the permission of the State Goverment held any other office appointment of not in consist with his position on the Tribunal.

(6} Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (4). the State

Government may terminate at anytime. the appointment of the Chairman or a member if, in its opinion, such Chairman or member is unable or unffl lo continue to perform the duties of his office:

Insertion of Chapter X.

0'ctlfl•I~ m, ~ 13 ~ 2013 80 ( 35)

(7)

Provided that no appointment shall be terminated under this sub-section u·nless the person whose appointment is proposed to be terminated is given a reasonable opportunity of showing cause against such termination.

(a) If any vacancy occurs in the office of the Chairman or member by leave, absence. deputation, death, resignation, expiry of the term of appointment, termination of the appointment or for any other cause, whatsoever, such a vacancy shall be filled by appointment of a person qualified for appointment under this Section.

(b) Till the vacancy in the otlice of the Chairman is filled under sub-section( I). the senior most member shall act as the Chairman of the Tribunal.

(8) The headquarters of the Tribunal shall be at such place as may be notified by the State Government in the Gazette.

(9) The powers and functions of the Tribunal may be exercised and discharged by Benches constituted by the Chairman from amongst the members of the Tribunal including himself.

Provided that, any interlocutory application may be hard by one of more members to may be present.

( I 0) Such Benches shall consist of to or more members.

( 11) Where a matter is heard by three members the opinion of the majority shall prevail, and the decision shall be in accordance with the opinion of the majority. Where a matter is heard by an even number of members, and the members are equally divided in the Chairman be one of the members, the opinion of the Chairman shall prevail and in other cases the matter be referred for hearing to the Chairman and shall be decided in accordance his decision.

( 12) Subject to the previous sanction of the State Government, the Tribunal shall frame regulations consistent with the provisions of this Act and the rules made thereunder, for regulating its procedure and the disposal of its business.

(13) The regulations made under sub-section (12), shall be published in the Official Gazette.

(14) The Tribunal may suo motu or on the application of the party, call for and examine the records of any proceedings in which no appeal lies to it, for the purpose of satisfying itself as to the legality or propriety of any decision or order passed. If in any case, it appears to the Tribunal that any such decisions or orders should be modified, annulled or reversed, the Tribunal may pass such order thereon as it may deem just.

( 15) Where an appeal or application is made to the Tribunal under this Act, it may, in order to prevent the ends of justice being defeated, make such interlocutory orders pending the decision of the appeal or applications, as the case may be, as may appear to it to be just and convenient, or such orders as may be necessary for the ends of justice, or to prevent the abuse of the process of the Tribunal.

80 (36)

( 16)

mfl~,,~ m, ~ 13 ~ 2013

An order in appeal. or revision or review passed under this Act by the Tribunal, shall be final and conclusive, and shall not he called in question in any Civil or Revenue Court.

( 17) The Tribunal hearing an appeal under this Act shall exercise all the powers conferred upon an appellate court by section 96 and order XLI of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908).

77-A. Review.-( 1) The Tribunal or Registrar may on the application of any party

interested, review its own order in any case and pass such order i-n reference thereto as it thinks just:

Provided that no such application made by the party interested shall be entertained, unless the Tribunal or the Registrar as the case may be is satisfied that there has been the discovery of new and important matter of evidence. which after the t'.Xercise of due diligence was not within the knowledge of the applicant or could not be produced by him at the time when its order was made. or that there has been mistake or error apparent on the face of the record, or there is any other sufficient reason:

Provided -•further that no such ordcr sh al I he varicd, amended or revised unless notice has heen given to the parties interested to appear and be heard in support of such order.

(2) An application for review of any order. by the parties interested shall not be entertained, unless the application is filed within ninety days from the date of passing of the order.

77-B. Tribunal to exercise powers of a civil court.-( I) In exercising the powers conferred on it by or under this Act, the

Tribunal shall have all the powers as are vested in Civil Court while trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908), in respect of the following matters, namely:-(a) proof of facts by affidavits;

(b) summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;

( c) compelling discovery or the production of any document; and

(d) issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses.

(2) In the case of any such affidavit, any ofticer appqinted by the Tribunal in this behalf may administer oath to the deponent.

78. Appeals before the Registrar and Tribunal.-( I) Save where it has been otherwise provided, an appeal shall lie from

every original order upder this Act or the rules made thereunder:­(a) If such order is passed by any o11icer subordinate to

Registrar other than Additional Registrar or Joint Reg­istrar, whether or not the officer passing the order is

· invested with the powers of the Registrar. to the Registrar;

(b) If such order is passed by the Registrar, Additional Registrar or Joint Registrar, to the Tribunal.

(2) A second Appeal shall lie against any order passed in the first appeal by the registrar, to the Tribunal on any of the following grounds only, namely:-( i \ that the order i-; contrary to law: or

0-ct'h-1•1~ ~, ~ 13 ~ 2013 80 ( 37)

(ii) that the order has failed to determine some material issue of law: or

(iii) that there has been a substantial error or defect in the pro­cedun: as prescribed by this Act which may have produced error or defect in the decision of the case upon merits.

(~) Every appeal shall be presented in the prescribed manner to the appellate authority concerned within sixty days from the date on which the order appealed against was communicated to the party affected by the order:

Provided that in computing the period of limitation under this sub-section the time required for obtaining a copy of the order appealed against shall be excluded.

78-A. Extension of period oflimitation by appellate authority in certain cases.­In all cases in which it is provided under this Act that an appeal may be filed against any decision or order within a specified period, the appellate authority may admit an appeal after the expiry of such period if the appellant satisfies the appellate authority that he had sufficient cause for not preferring the appeal within such period.

79. No appeal or review in certain cases.- Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Act. where with previous sanction in writing or on the requisition of the Reserve Bank of India-(i) an order for the winding up of a co-operative bank: or

(ii) for a scheme of compromise or arrangement or reconstruction or re-organisation or amalgamation : or

(iii) an order of supersession or suspension of the Board by whatever name called of a Co-operative Bank and the appointment of an of­ficer-in-charge therefore, has been made.

No appeal or review shall lie or be permissible against that, and such order or the sanction or requisition of the Reserve Bank of India shall not be liable to be called in question where such order, scheme compromise. arrangement. reconstruction, re-organisation or amalgamation is passed or made.

80. Transfer or withdrawal of cases.- Subject to the provision of section 78, the Registrar. Additional Registrar or Joint Registrar may make over any case or class of cases arising under the provisions of this Act. for decision before him to any officer subordinate to him competent to decide such case or. class of cases or may withdraw any case or class of cases for decisions before any such otlicer and may proceed to deal with such case or class of cases himself or refer the same to any other otlicer subordinate to him and competent to decide such case or class of cases.

80-A. Power of Registrar to call for proceedings of subordinate officers and board of a society and to pass order thereon.- The Registrar may, at any time on his own motion or on the application made by any party, call for and examine the record of any enquiry or the proceedings by any subordinate officer or a decision of board of a society for the purpose of satisfying himself as to the legality or propriety of any decision or order passed and as to the regularity of the proceedings of such officer or board. If in any case, it appears to the Registrar that any decision or order or proceedings so called for should be modified, annulled or reversed, the Registrar, may pass such order thereon as he may deem tit:

80 ( 38) g:,:ih-P,~ m, ~ 13 1:f){cfU 2013

Provided that no order under this Section shall be made to the prejudice of any party unless such party has had an opportunity of being heard:

Provided further that the powers conferred on the Registrar under this Section, shall not be delegated to any otlicer below the rank of Joint Registrar.

80-8. Power to make interlocutory orders.- When an application for appeal or review is made to Tribunal, or Registrar under this Act, it may in order to prevent the ends of justice being defeated, make such interlocutory orders pending the decision of the appeal or application, as the case may be, as may appear to it/ him to be just and convenient, or make such orders as may be necessary for the ends of justice, or to prevent the abuse of legal process.

80-C. Stay of execution of orders.-( I) An officer appointed under section 3 who has passed any order or

his successor in office may, at any time before the expiry of the period prescribed for appeal 'direct the execution of such order to be stayed for such time as may be required for filing an appeal and obtaining a stay order from the appellate authority.

(2) The authority exercising the powers conferred by section 78 or sec­tion 80 may direct the execution of the order under appeal or re­view to be stayed for such time as it may think fit.

(3) The officer or authority directing the executiqn of an order to be stayed may impose such conditions or order such security to be furnished as he or it thinks fit.

80-D. Transfer of pending cases.- Every appeal or any other proceeding pending before the State Government, immediately before the date of constitution of Chhattisgarh State Co-operative Tribunal under this Act, shall stand transferred to the Tribunal from the date of notifications by Goverrnent of Chhattisgarh ."

18. 95-A. After Section 95 of the principal Act the following section shall be inserted narnely:-Removal of difficulties (I) If any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of this Act,

the State Government may pass such order not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, as it may deem necessary to remove such difficulty:

Provided that no such order shall be passed after the expiry of the period of two years from the date of corning into force of this Act.

(2) The order passed under sub-section (I) shall be laid on the table of the legislative assembly, as soon as may be, and in any case, not later than the last day of session next following the date of the order."

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================:::=------=

CHHATIISGARH ACf

(No. l0of 2014)

CHHATTISGARH CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES (A_'1ENDMENT) ACT, 2013

An Act further to amend the Chhattisgarh Co-operativeSocietiesAct. 1960(No.17

of 1961).

Be it enacted by the Chhattisgarh Legislature in the Sixty-forth Year of the Republic oflndia, as follows:-

Short title. extent 1. and commencement.

Amendment Section 2.

of 2.

Amendment of sub- 3. ~ection (8) of Section 49.

Amendment of sub- 4. section (I) of Section 50-B.

Amendment of sub- 5. section (2) of Section 50-8.

(1)

(2)

This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies (Amendment)Act, 2013.

It extends to the whole State of Chhattisgarh.

(3) It shall come mtc force from the date of its Publication in the Official Gazette.

For clause (jj) of Section 2 of the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, i 960 (~o 17 of 1961 ), (hereinafter referred to as the Principal Act), the following shall be substituted,

namely:-

"(ii) "State Election Commission" means the State Election Commission referred to in Article 243K of the Constitution oflndia which shall be the authority or body for the purpose of superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of electoral rolls for and the conduct of, all elections to a co-operative society, under the Article 243ZK of the Constitution oflndia_"

For Proviso of sub-section (8) of Section 49 of the Principal Act, the following shall be substituted, namely :-

"Provided that the Registrar may authorize any officer, or a person who in the opinion of the Registrar has experience in managing a Co-operatrve Bank or a Co-operative Society, as the case may be, to exercise the powers of the Board vested in him under this sub­section; and the officer or the person so authorized shall exercise such power from the date of such authorization for a period specified by the Registrar or till the elections are held by the State Election Commission, whichever is earlier."

For sub-section (1) of Section 50-B of the Principal Act, the following shall be substituted, namely :-

"(l) The State Election Commission shall conduct all elections of co-operative society and exercise the superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of electoral rolls subject to the provisions of this Act."

For sub-section (2) of Section 50-B of the Principal Act, the following shall be substituted, namely :-

"(2) The State Election Commission shaU in consultation wita ffie State Government appoint such numbers of officer• and other staff as may be required, in the opinion of the Commission for conducting election in reSf!ect of

co-operative societies."

6.

'7.

For sub-section (7) of Section 50-B of the Principal Act, the following shall be substitued, namely:-

"(7) The Commission shall have the powers to requisition the services of other officers, to aid and assist in the election and such requisitioned officers shall be under the overall supervision and control of the Commission during the election."

For sub-section (9) of Section 50-B of the Principal Act, the following shall be

substituted, namely :-

"(9) All expenses incurred in conducting elections of the board of any society shall be paid to the commission, in advance, by the State Government and the same shall be recovered from such society by the State Government in the manner as may be prescribed by the State Government.

760 (3)

Amendment of sub­section (7) of Section 50-8.

Amendment of sub­section (9) of Section 508.

8. The Chhamsgarh Co-operative Societies (Amendment) Ordinance, 2013 (No. 1 of2013) is Repeal.

hereby repealed.

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Short title, extent -and commencement.

Amendment of the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act,1960 (No. 17 of 1961).

um'lw,,; 4>=* ;im.T11t1131.,<l>a,:i,t11<,

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CHHATIISGARH ACT

(No. 2of2015)

THE CHHATIISGARH C<M>PERATIVE SOCIETIES (AMENDMENI) ACT, 2014

Ao Act to further amend the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 (No. 17 ofl961).

Be it enacted by the Chhattisgarh Legislature in the Sixty-fifth Year of the Republic of

India, as follows :-

I.

2

(I) This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies (Amendment)Act, 2014.

(2) It extends to the whole State of Chhattisgarh.

(3) It shall come into force from the date of its publication in the Official

Gazette.

In the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 (No. 17 of 1961 ), (hereinafter referred to as the Principal Act), for the words "State Election Commission", wherever they occur, th; words "State Co-operative Election Commission" shall be substituted.

Amendment Section 2.

of 3. For clause (ij) of Section 2 of the Principal Act, the following shall be substituted, namely:-

Amendment of 4. Section 50-8.

"(ii) "State Co-operative Election Commission" means a Commission referred

to in Section 50-B of this Act, which shall be the authority or body for the purpose of

superintendence, direction and control oftl)e preparation of electoral rolls for, and the

conduct of, all elections to a co-operative society under Article 243ZK of the

Constitution of India."

For Section 50-B of the Principal Act, the following shall be suic::- d' ly ture name :-

"50-B. State Co-operative Election Commissi!J!?,• ('.' The SuiaGo·.u.--..W.

by notification in the Official Gazette, e,nn••'· ~ ll'll . . Commission (hereinafter referred to ~• ,. te .• _Stll!e lire . e . ;ction direction and control of the pr.,...-·,,· e COIIIIW Sl#<'f!•) for' ,supermten ence,

. ,,., on of~inllls for, and the conduct of. all

(2)

(3)

-"'~-,-~,..--- ~ --

.elections to a c<K>perative society under the provision of this Act and rules made thereunder.

The State Government shall appoint any officer of the Indian Administrative Service not below the rank of Principal Secretary, who has served in the Government of Chhattisgarh, as the State C<K>perative Election Commissioner to conduct all elections to co-operative societies under this Act or rules made thereunder,

The qualification, disqualification, term. and conditions of service of 1he State Co-operative Election Commissioner shall be such as may be prescribed.

(4) The State Government shall appoint on deputation any person, holding a post not below the rank of Deputy Registrar, as the

Secretary to the Commission.

(5) (a) The State Government shall provide the Commission with

such officers and staff, as m~ be necessary, for the perfomance

of its functions.

(b) The Commission shall appoint a Returning Officer in the

manner, as may be prescribed, to conduct election to the Board

of a society and its office-bearers and also to fill up casual

vacancies as provided in Section 49 of this Act and the

Commission, if it thinks necessary, may also appoint zonal or

other officers for the purpose of supervision and control of

.election.

(6) • The Commission shall notify the code of conduct to be followed by the

candidates, functionaries engaged in the process of election and others

for enabling free and fair election.

(7) The Commission shall have the powers to seek requisition of the

services of other officers for aiding and assisting in the election and

such requisitioned Officers shall be under the overall supervision and

control of the Commission during the election.

(8) (a) The election of members of the Board of Directors shall be

conducted before the expiry of the term of Board of Directors,

so as to ensure that the newly elected members of the Board

of Directores assume office immediately on the expiry of the

term of members of the outgoing Board of Directors.

(b) The Commission shall conduct elections of all co-operative

societies registered under the Act in such manner, as may be

prescribed.

-----"'"'-~ ... ' · 28 (3)

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1! 28 (4) i

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Repeal. 5.

(c) The outgoing Board of every co-operative society shall send a written

request in such. manner, as may be prescribed, to the Commission. to

conduct the election of its Board within six months prior to the expiry of

the term of the existing Board.

(d) On receipt of the request under clause (c), the Commission shall ensure

that the election is conducted before the expiry of the term of existing

Board.

(e) It shall be the duty of the Board to ensure that all information, books

and records, which may be required by the Commission for the purpose

of election, are kept up dated and made avail-able in time to the

Commission or any official authorized by it for this purpose.

(f) The Board shall also ensure that all assistance to the Commission is

provided as .and when required by it for conduct of the election.

(9) All expenses incurred in conducting elections of the Board shall be paid to the

Commission, in advance, by the State Government and the same shall be recovered

from such society by the State Government in the manner as may be prescribed

by it.

(10) The Commission may issue such instructions.to the Board or its members, which it

may consider reason4ble for conducting free and fair electio,:i and such

instructions issued under this Section shall be binding on Board or its merribers.

The Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies (Amendment) Ordinanc_e, 2014 (No. 2 of20I 4) is

hereby, repealed.

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CHHATTISGARH ACT

(No. 8of2015)

CHHATTISGARH CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2015

An Act further to amend the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, I 960

(No. 17 of1961).

Be it enacted by the Chhattisgarh Legislature in the Sixty-sixth Year of the Republic oflndia, as follows:-

Short title, extent 1. (I) Th is Act may be called the Chhattistgarh Co-operative Societies

(Amendment)Act, 2015. and commencement.

Amendment Section 2.

of 2.

Insertion of new 3. Section 9-A.

(2) It extends to the whole State of Chhattisgarh.

(3) It shall come into force from the date of its publication in the Official Gazette.

For clause (t-i) of Section 2 of the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 (No. 17 of 1961) , (hereinafter referred to as the Principal Act), the following shall be substituted, namely :-

"(t-i) "Officer" means any Official or a person elected or appointed by a society according to its bye-laws to any office of such society and includes a Chairman, Vice-Chairman, President, Vice-President, Managing Director, Manager, Secretary, Treasurer, Member of Board and any other person elected or appointed under this Act, the rules or the bye-laws to give directions in regard to the businees of such society;"

After Section 9 of the Principal Act, the following shall be added, namely:-

"9-A. Saving of existing Co-operative Societies - (I) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Co-operative Society registered under Chhattisgarh Sawayatta Sahakarita Adhiniyam, 1999 (repealed Act), shall be deemed to have registered under the corresponding provisions of this Act and bye-laws framed thereof, so far as the same are not inconsistent with the express provisions of this Act, shall continue to be in force unti l altered or rescinded.

(2) Every Co-operative society registered under this Act shall, within a period of six months from the date of coming into force of this Act, delete or amend such bye-laws, as are inconsistent with the provisions of this amending Act and make such further bye-laws as may be necessary, having regard to the provisions of this and previous amending Act.

4.

5.

After Section 49-E of the Principal Act, the following shall be added, namely:-

"49-F. Removal of member of Board of Society by General Body in certain circumstances- Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or rules made thereunder, any member of the [Board] of the Society who has acted adversely to the interest of the Society may on the basis of a report of the Registrar or otherwise be removed by a resolution of the General Body passed at its meeting by a majority of not less than two-third of the members present and voting, in such a manner as may be prescribed, by the Registrar in th is regard :

(1)

Provided that, the person concerned shall not be removed unless he/she has been given a reasonable opportunity of making representation in the matter:

Provided further that, such resolution shall not lie within a period of one year from the date on which he/she has taken charge of his respective office or such resolution is rejected or accepted by the General Body, as the case may be.

For sub-section (I) of Section 53 of the Principal Act, the following shall be substituted, namely :-

"(I) Ifin the opinion of the Registrar, the Board of Directors of any Society-

(a) is in persistent default; or

(b) is negligent in the performance of the duties imposed on him/her by or under this Act or bye-laws of the Society or by any lawful order passed by the Registrar or is unwilling to perform such duties; or

(c) commits acts which are prejudicial to the interest of the Society or its members; or

(d) violates the provisions of this Act or rules made thereunder or bye-laws of the Society;

The Registrar may, by order in writing, remove the Board of Directors and appoint an administrator to manage the affairs of the society for a specified period, which shall not exceed six months and in case of a Co-operative Bank one year:

Provided that, the Board of Directors of any such Co-operative Society shall not be superseded or kept under suspension, where there is no Government shareholding or loan or financial assistance or any guarantee by the Government :

Provided further that, in case of a Co-operative Bank, the order of supersession shall not be passed without previous consultation with the Reserve Bank :

408 (5)

Insertion of new Section 49-F.

Amendment Section 53.

of

408 ( 6)

Insertion of new Chapter.

6.

Provided also that, if no communication containing the views of the Reserve Bank, on action proposed is received within thirty days of the receipt by that Bank of the request soliciting consultation, it shall be presumed that the Reserve Bank agrees with the proposed action and the Registrar shall be free to pass such order as may be deemed tit."

(2) Sub-section (11) and (14) of Section 53 of the Principal Act shall be omitted.

After Chapter V-A of the Principal Act, the following shall be inserted, namely:-

"CHAPTER V-B Insured Co-operative Bank

57-C: Insured Co-operative Bank:-

(]) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or Rules framed thereunder or bye-laws of any registered Co-operative Bank or orders issued thereunder, the provision of this chapter shall have overriding effect.

(2) In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires, an insured Co-operative Bank means a society which is an insured bank under the provisions of the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation Act, 1961 (No. 4 7 of 1961 ).

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, in case of any Insured Co-operative Bank, -

(i) An order for winding up, or an order sanctioning a scheme of compromise or arrangement or of amalgamation or re-construction of the bank, may be made by the Registrar of Co-operative societies or any other Competent Authority, on ly with the previous sanction in writing of the Reserve Bank;

(ii) An order for winding up of the bank shall be made by the Registrar of Co-operative Societies or any other Competent Authority, if so required by the Reserve Bank in the circumstances referred to in Section 13D of the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation Act, 1961 (No. 47 of 1961 ).

(iii) lfso required by the Reserve Bank in public interest or for preventing the affairs of the bank being conducted in a manner detrimental to the interests of the depositors or for securing the proper management of the bank, an order shall be made by Registrar of Co-operative Societies or any other Competent Authority for the supersession of the Committee of Management or other managing body (by whatever name called) of the bank and the appointment of an administrator therefor for such period or periods not exceeding five years in the aggregate, as may from time to time, be specified by the Reserve Bank;

(iv) An order for winding up of the bank or an order sanctioning a scheme of compromise or arrangement or of amalgamation or re-construction or an order for the supersession of the committee of management or other managing body (by whatever name called) of the bank of the appointment of an administrator therefor made with the previous sanction in writing or on the requisition of the Reserve Bank shall not be liable to be called in question in any manner; and

(v) The liquidator or the insured bank or the transferee bank, as the case may be, shall be under an obligation to repay the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation in the circumstances, to the extent and in the manner referred to in Section 2 1 of the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation Act, 1961 (No. 47 ofl96 1)."

7.

8.

In Section 58 of the Principal Act, -

(Q After proviso to sub-section (3), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:-

"Provided further that, all types of primary Co-operative Society shall have an option to get its accounts audited by Chartered Accountants or the Registrar or by any other person authorized by the Registrar in this behalf."

(ii) In sub-section ( 4), for the words "Auditor or group of Auditors" and "prescribed by the registrar", the words "Auditor or Auditing firms" and "prescribed by the State Government" shall be substituted, respectively.

(iii) After proviso to sub-section (4), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:-

"Provided further that, in case of liquidated society, the liquidator may appoint auditor or auditing firm to get its accounts audited from amongst a panel approved by the Registrar."

In sub-section (I) of Section 59 of the Principal Act, for the words "The Registrar may on the application of', the words "The Registrar may on his own motion or on the application of' shall be substituted.

408 (7)

Amendment Section 58.

Amendment Sect ion 59.

of

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CHHATf'ISGAKl I ACT

(No. 34 of 2016)

OIHAITISGARH CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2016

An Act further to amend the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 (No. 17 of1961).

Be it enacted by the Chhattisgarh Legis lature in the Sixty-seventh Year of the Republic oflndia, as follows:-

1.

2.

3.

4.

(I) This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies (Amendment) Act, 2016.

(2) It extends to the whole State of Chhattisgarh .

(3) It shall come into force from the date of its publication in the Official Gazette.

In Section 2 of the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 (No. 17 of 1961) (hereinafter referred to as the Principal Act), after clause Uj), the following shall be added; namely:-

"(kk) "National Bank" means the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development established under Section 3 of the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act, 1981 (61 of 1981 )."

After sub-section (3) of Section 48 of the Principal Act, the following sha ll be inserted, namely:-

"(3-A) ln the event of society failing to elect requisite number of members of Board, the elected member shall co-opt the requisite number of members from the members of such society, which is eligib le for such representation :

Provided that no co-option shall be made in a meeting of the society unless there is a quorum :

Provided further that such board meeting shall be presided over by the returning officer."

In sub-section (3) of Section 48-B of the Principa l Act,-

(i) for the punctuation ful l stop"." the punctuation":" shall be substituted; and

(ii) below l.ub-section (3 ), the fo llowing shall be added, namely:-

" Provided that the one seat in each category from amongst the groups reserved for the members belonging to the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes and Unreserved, shall be reaerv d for women "

898 (3)

Short title, extent and commencement.

Amendment Section 2.

Amendment Section 48.

of

of

Amendment of Section 48-8.

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'\m~ndmenl of <;ection SJ-8.

5

Insertion of ne\\ 6. Seclioo 53-C.

After sub-sect ron (1) f s . . added

1 . ·

0 ' ection 53-8 of the Principal Act. the following shall be

"(4Xi)

. name y -

I fin th · · · . . . e op, n1un of the Registrar any salaried officer of the co-operat1ve society willful ly and persistenlly violates the provisions of this Act or Rules made thereunder, bye-laws of the society or any order passed by him or has by fraudulent act caused financial loss to the society,-

(a) then he may, without prejudice to any other action that may be taken against such officer, call upon the society to take action against such officer: and

(b) whereupon the society shall , after affording reasonable opportunity of being heard to such officer, pass such order with in such period as may be specified by the Registrar.

(ii) In the case of failure of the society to take action under clause (i) of sub-section (4), the Registrar may, after affording reasonable opportunity of being heard to such officer, impose such major penalty on such officer as he may deem tit.

Explanation.- ·'major penalty" may be the order of demotion from the present post held, compu lsory retirement or termination from the service.

(iii) Any salaried officer punished or removed under clause (i) or (ii) of sub-section ( 4) shal I be deemed to have been punished under the relevant provisions of the service rules of the concerned society; and in case of his compulsory retirement or termination from the services, such officer shall not be eligible to hold any office of any co-operative society :

Provided that the powers conferred on the Registrar under sub-section (4) of this Section shall not be delegated to any officer below the rank of Joint Registrar:

Provided further that the vacancy arising out of the removal of such salaried officer under this sub-section shall be filled immediately by the Appointing Authority or the Registrar, as the case may be."

After Section 53-8 of the Principal Act, the following sha ll be inserted, namely:­

"53-C. Remove! of the officer of the Co-operotive Bank in Certain Circumstances.-

(i) On the recommendation of the Reserve Bank or the National Bank, any member of the Board or Chief Executive Officer of any Co-operative Bank, who do not fulfill the criteria stipu lated by the Reserve Bank shall be removed by the Registrar or Appointing Authority, as the case may be.

(ii) Where in the opinion of the Reserve Bank, the functioning of the Chief Execut ive Officer of any Co-operative Bank is such that it is not desirable in the interest of the Bank to continue; it may require the Registrar to remove the Chief Executive Officer. and the Registrar ~hall proceed forthwith to remove such Chief Executive Officers after giving a reasonable opportun ity of being heard.

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7.

8.

9.

(iii) lfbany p~rson who, has been co-opt<.:d as a member of the Board under su -section (9) of Section 48 · h · · h . . . , in t c opinion of the Reserve Bank is not

avmg requ1s1te knowledge or exrcrience then on advice of the Reserve Bank or the National ~ank, shall be removed from the office a lier giving a reasonable opportunity of being heard."

In sub-section (3) of Section 54 of the Principal Act,-

(i) for the punctuation full stop".", the punctuation":" shall be substituted; and

(ii) below sub-section (3), the following shall be added, namely :-

(a) The eligibility criteria to hold the office ofChiefExecutive Officer of any Co-operative Bank shall be as such as may be prescribed by the Reserve Bank in this regard.

(b) If the concerning Co-operative Bank fails to appoint Chief Executive Officer under the eligibility criteria within a specified period, in such a condition the registrar may appoint such eligible officer of the Bank."

Section 57-B shall be omitted.

In Section 58 of the Principal Act,-

(i) in sub-section ( 4 ),-

(a) for the punctuation fu ll stop ".'' the punctuation":" shall be substituted; and

(b) after the third proviso, the fo llowing shall be added, namely:-

"Provided also that in case of Co-operative Bank, if the Reserve Bank so requires; the Registrar shall cause to conduct special audit of the financial accounts of the Co-operative Bank and furnish the report of such audit in such manner and within such time as may be prescribed by the Reserve Bank."

(ii) after sub-section (7), the fo llowing sha ll be added, namely:-

"(8) In case of primary agricultural credit co-operative society, such prudential norms stipulated by the Reserve Bank including nonns for capital to risk weighted assets ratio, shall be prescribed by the Registrar in consultation with National Bank"

M.._ak:N'I (3} of ection 58-B of the Principal Act, for the words "State word "Tribunal" hall be sub titut d.

Amendment Section 54.

898 (5)

of

Omission of Section 57-B.

Amendment Section 58.

Amendment .....

of

of

CHHATTISGARH ADHINIYAM (No. 33 of 2002)

An Aci further lo amend the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Acl. 1YW.

Be ii enac~ed by thc CMlar~isgarh Lcgisla~urc in the Fifty-~liird ycar nfthc Repuhlic (11' l ~ u l as follou+s :-

Shar\ t i c ! ~ nnd Core- I ( j ) T h i s Act nlny bc c d k d lhc Cf1flalrisgar11 Co-npe~-ari\'e Slxielic.~ IA1i1~'nrirn~r rnenccatcnl . Adhiniyam, 2002 (No. 33 OF 2(102).

2. In Sub-section (7-.&A) o r Section 49 of ~ h e Chhi?rlisg.farh Co-upc.rali\,e S(luiz1ies Acl. 1960 .XI~I~.IWIIII~III l,r scv- (Nn. 17 ol' 196 I ) In: rbc- words "lwelvc rnt~nrhs" . rhc words "!n.rn~y four rnr~nrhs" sl1all I,c. !itbn 4')-

substitulcd.

, . CHHATISGARH 'ACT

(No. 20 of 2003)

. . THE CHHATTISGARH CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES (SANSHODHAN;I , -

ADHlNlYAM,r.20033 ' ' + . : ,,:,i;:,;,;>:! !, .- ,,

, ~ ,# ; ;>~z , ,

- !?,ph %!et.:h: .f$mer;.ltd.; &&a ~ h d clll,j:&&ff, '&-&;i&&tiji kc< ] Y ~ Q . ,

(No. 17 or 1961).

.. , , . . , - _ . . -

Be i t enadted' by he' ~hhattis$arll ~ e ~ i s l a l u k in' the Fifty-Fourlh year aC rl~c Rcpuhlic 01- India as follows :--

Shurt thrlr : ~ n d I . 1 This Act may be callcd llie Chkdrrisgarli Co-operarive Socieua (hncndmen:.] Comnacncm~tnt. Ac!, 2003 (No. 20 of 2003).

hmrndmtnt , DT SccUon Z

(2) 11 &all cbmt iito f&&Trorn ' he daic i5i'irs p;lbli~ktiO'i in the of ic id G ~ c t t c . i 2. In S e c l i ~ n 2 o t h e Cbbafcisgarh Co-opcialive Societies Act, -1960 (No. 17 uC 1961)

(heminafter rcfemd to as d ~ e Prbcipal k t ) :-

a Far die clause (c-ij rl~e lullwing clause s11all bje subslilutcd, namely :-

(c-i) "Central Socieiy" mcans a Dislrict C&~pratjvt: Agriculiurc imd R U E ~ .

Devclaprncn~ Bimk or m y other sociely, whose area or opera~ori i s contined to a pan o i die Statc and which bas as i t s objccl th,: promolion of' dl; objccrs of Ihe rncmber socieues, and which has ;illeasl fjvc socic~ies as i~ mernbers;"

(b) Fc:clr rle clat~sc ilill) r l ie iuit!iu:i~!:: d:~use shall I?e $rilis~iru~r:.(l, n;~mcly :- i

I " ( ] ~ I I 1 " ~ ~ v c l u p ~ a c n r U;ml:" Inc,il:.c ;L Distl-ICI Co-ol?cr;~~i~ c .'\yi<'ulnrr;rl arul

1 3. AHcr Sub-section (1) or Scclion 16 (C) of &c Principd Acl, Lhe following proviso A n l f ~ ~ d n ~ c n l u r

I st1111 k ~nserrcd, namely :- Sccliun 16 (C).

"Provided in ~ i s t 111' a Co-operarive Bimk, prior w~ction in wiring of Lire Keservc Rank shall he necessary."

For cl;lusc ( i i ) and proviso of Sub-section (3, h e followi~~g clause and proviso shall be substicuied, namely :-

" ( i i ) O11e sh'a1l be hold, if h e ch;Linnm is ilor clcclcd from amongsl persons bdunging LO Scheduled Cdsrcs, Scheduled Tribcs and Other Backward Cl;lsses, by a persons belor~$~g 10 rhese c;ltegories and uthcnvise, by any person;

l....Y-- -. . -'

, . , . Provided h a 1 in"c'ase of such resourc~'so~ie~p .oUlcr hrtn a ~ a i r i k Co-operative Balk or Urban Co-operative Credit Socic~y or h r i i t society, operaling in a Scheduled area, h e chairman or presidcrn shall be elecleU.on1y Croul amongst pcrsons belonging to Schedu Id Tri bcs. ]'

- . . . . . _ - - . .

;;.t-.; v : , : : , , .: : , , . ' . . , . . .'1 : # . - - . : . . .- . 5. Inhc~ec~ion49.0~U1c~riqc_iip&&~ti~:i1;~,.:. '

I .,- . Ln . - ) . SuB&e.ctiq?.(Z~Afi) .. , q e v/gf(,,'~Tw~~!ty lour': shj!!;!!l, bq sub%M~\:4.,byl Qc w r d -

"'~'h'in~ six". , ..-:. : , - , . . l i t .

An~cnd~m~cnl or Scciioil UY.

6, . In Sub-section (3) 01' Seckion 5.8-B or the kincipal A a l o r h e word "Tribw~d" Anmrndmcnl 01

' , t l~e words " S ~ l c Ciovern~~~enl" sliall bc substiturcd. . SrcLion 5&B.

7. Fix dlc Cllapter X- Constiluli~n or Tribund- The following chapter sId1 be subslirutcd, Suhslltulion uc

lramcly:- - Chzplcf -X.

Chapter X - Appe;lL\ Revision and Review . ,

I 77. Appeal.--(I) Save where il has becn ollienvise provided, an appwlshall lie k m ! every origiilnl order uuder fiis Acl or the rules rnide &rr: under,- 1 4

I (i) it' sucl~ order is passcd by q ollioer omcr rhm Rcgisuai, Addirional Registrar or Joillk Regisv:~, rviieher o r not Ihc Ofllcer passing $e ordcr i s invested wiIh ~Iic powers nl- llic Regisrrx, to dlc Join1 Regis~ur;

! (ii) i l - such order is passcd by Joinl Re~lswr, tvhclhcr or rtol inucslzd will^ Lhe , p0wers of Rcgislrar, lo d ~ c Rcgisuar or UIC Addirio~l;il Rcgisunr aurlioriscd by !

k g i ~ l r i u ;

( i i 1 1 i l ' sucli order is piisse~l by Regisrrar or i\ddiliorul Rcgis~iu. ro rlle Stake I.;ovcnirncnt,

( 3 j A sccoii(i :11)ptid sI\;LII lic OJI ~ I ~ I Y o!' U I Y L ~ I I I O * . \ , ~ I I ; ~ ;;rou~:ds. F I I ~ C ! 11:: o ~ i i t : ~ - > 1 Il i~m~Iy 1 - I

[ii? rl1:1t Lhe orJrr hits !'i~i!rd 10 delennine sornc i~l i~tcrial issuc of la:::. (1:

(iii) char Ll~c-re 11ns bee11 :I s u b s ~ u ~ ~ a l crrur or d~t'ec: in llic procctlure ;IS ~)rcl;l.;-~hcr! hy 111is Act which mil! h:lvc prurluc-crl cnnr or dct'cc~ ill 1l:c rlcc~sioi: :)I' :tic

uacc o ! ~ !nerils.

I 1

(4) I ' v cn : ~ p p c ; ~ i s!liiII bc pr:s?u:ctl i r k lllc prc~ i r ibcr l 11:;u11!cr 1.11 tin! irppclliltr :~liLl:ari~> concernell, iuidliii d~iri): cli~ys of Lhc r1;ltc o11 ivl~ich l l ic order iippc;~Izd ;izai:ist il:;~s

i 'a cummunic:~r~d in tllc pilny iillirctcd by dlc ordcr; I

Provided tIi+il i : ~ coln!~~lili,v die p-rlcld d' !irnit:~lioa andcr l j l is ~ ~ h - ~ : i l i l ; : ~ - l ! l ~ : lime j

rcquisiic l i ~ r obrair~ing ii copy nl' d i ~ ~ r~rr lcr i~p~caled ng;dns~ .rb:ill 17:: cxcludad. ; i

78. Revision.--41) Tllc. Swtc Gav t r~mt~~L or dic Kc2ixr:u may a ;u!y Lime on iul his noti inn or 011 t l~e r-~ppIi~%tioli m;iclr: by w ~ y pwly lilr d ~ c purposc of szuis1)ing iL;clr'l i bimsetl' is 10 the I c g a i i ~ ~ or prnprie~y ol' the l'ollowit~~s niily p;~ss- such ordcr in ref'crc~iue / tllerclo ;is iVhe hiak tit,- &

. . (il - ;my..inquity or proccedi~~gs or ar~y orclcr pilssctl 1)y mly otlicur s~rbwdiii;ur 4

'i to- idbim; I

f (it) m y pln~xedings or dccisio~l or rcsoluiion or. ; u ~ y wdcr p-sd by the sociciy 1.

'i or colrlrni~lee or sub-comrni~~cc of sociery: t

(iii) ;UI~ i l l q ~ y or proceedings or decision or ordcr piissed by ;uly o t l i i ~ ~ r of ;m). sncieg;

I Provided 3i1r no order shall bc viuied or rercrsed ill revisin11 unless ~ioiltr, 11;~s i

been served an the v i e s in lensled and opponunity g i v ~ ! ~ to tllem of hculg heard. i

I (2) Nu sticIi applicltiun shall be entcrhincd ullless prWlaed w i l h i ~ &iny days fmlo tllc datc oC ordcr imd in computing d ~ e pcriotl albrcsdd tirnt reqaisilr: [or o b ~ ~ i n i l q ri

c l l p ~ 01' L~IC said order ~sl1id1 6: c~clltdctl.

79. N o appeal u~ rurlision in certirin casts.-No[ wi d!sr;u~ding :uiyrliing la tlic conlfilry cot11;iinerl i a Lhis AcL, where uuifli prcv i~us S;UKI~O~ in wriliug rir (I[\ llle qr~is i l iou ol' tllc IZesrrvt: kink of India.

.. . :i r a l l ordur Ibr Ute v;ii~dilr~ up or' a CO-OPCI:~I~\.L: I,;ittk !S ::i;tde; nr

I'mvidccl tl~at, 110 sucli ;~ppl ic ;~~io~l lnad:: by rllc puly ir~krcslcd shall be corerl;~ined. Iior sr1c11 ;I c;ise IIC 1;lkc11 SUO-III~II I , u~ilcss r l i c Swre Gnvcrtltnen~ or Rcsistsar is satislicd 11\ i t1 Il~cre 11;ts becn Lhc discovery oJ' IICW i u ~ ( l i ~npo r l i l~~ r snarrc: of' evidcncc which, n!ier ~liv cscrcisl: 01' due diligence w;c; unt within tile biowlcdge 01' !11e appliwa or could nnt h? prt~duceti by hiin ;(I l l ~ c d ~ n e wl \c !~ Blc rirder was 1n;irle. o!. clwr [here 11;~s kc11 mis~ilke c,r crror i~ppilrcn~ m 111e I'i~cc ol' Ll~c record, or tllrrc i s mhcr sufi iciei reison;

7 l'rclvided I I I ~ I ~ nh such ordcr shall hi: v,uicd ;~mvrlrlcrl 11: r~visc!l, !~aless nn~icc ],as b c c u given lo Ibc piulics interesred Ir! ;!ppcnr ;nu1 svclt i n ~ i ~ r u r ~ u d p;rr[ics Ir;lvc Iccn lit-;ird.

,! I'ro:.idotl I'urlller lh;v app1ic;llioil !br rcuiew of imy order. by h c partics interested

s l~;~l l 11or be enrcrhiucd, unless tIlc appticarion is filed wvitllin ninety days from the passing IIIC order.

8 - iCxtw~tioii nF period -nT lirnitatian hy appellale a~ttlluriiy in ccr lain cas~x.- In

all uiise!: u j which il is provided under U~is ;\cl dial iui appixl In;iy bc filcd ;yaios~ iUly dccjsii~ll or order wirhin a specified period, Ilie ;~ppcilalc aurltorily may itdrnir an appeal alkcr tht. cxpiry oi' sucll pcriod il' llic i ~ p p e l l i l selisfies.the iippellatc aulflority d~ar hc llad suilicirnt causc tbr no1 prefkrrillg I l ~ e appxal wi~1il11 mcli period.

0 . T r m ~ l e r or witbdl-awal uT c a s c s . S u b ~ c d 10 die provisions of seclion 77 ;md 78. t11c Rqiswar, AddilinuI K c g i s ~ ~ r , Joirlr Regis~ar, or Uie D~epu~y l<egis!~ar Inay m;kc ovcr ;uly cLail: or c l ; ~ of w c s arising undcr rhc provisions vl' his t\cb for ~Iecisioli lrnnl i~is ow11 tile In ury olljcer s u b a r d i ~ ~ i ~ ~ c lo hiln cornpcw111 LO dccide sukh u s e or clias or' c;acs or )nay wilIldr-.\v u y a s c or class 01' uascs I'roln m y sr~cli qlficcr imd lnily deal with si~cll case or cl;lss of cnscs Iiimscli or rd'cr Lllc u i n c I'or disposal lo ally oll~er orlicer suburdi~la~c lo I l i~n and co~npctciu LO dccidc such use or class oC cilscs;

80-C. Puw-cr to rnakc interlocotclry- orders.-Wlien arl applicahon for a p p d , ~cvisi un or rcvicw is ~niidc 1-0 Slalc Gomrncn~, or Regismi under this Acr, ir may in ~ r l c r LO prcvau 1Iic CII& 01' jusriw beiry def-kated. make sudi inrerlocurory orders pc~lding the decision of ~llc appeal or appllcatio~l, iG UIC case may bc, as may appear 10 Whim to bc jusl iulrl a~nvcniml, or ~nake suc.1 orders a5 may be necessary tbr dlc cnds of juslice; or to prcvenL rlic abusc of ihc IcgA proccdurc.

80-D. Stay uT execation of orders.-

! 1 ) Aa ollicer who bas p;~ssed iwy order or Itis successnr i n ol'licc may, ar +my time bel'orc t11c expiry or Ihe period prescribed lor nppcd or revision, direa f i e cxecutior~ of such ordcr lo bc slayed for such dme as IIray hc rtquirzd lor iiling an ;~ppe;il or revision and o l ~ r a i a i n ~ :I sliry rlrder horn d ~ e appcl1;lte u r rcvision:J :allloriry.

(3 ) TIIC aull~cirity cxcrcisiilg [he pilrvcrs co~~t'rrrcd by s c c ~ i i l ~ ~ 77, sccliull 7X or secrion SO I I I ; I ~ L I I ~ C C ! ~ l i r ' ~ ' X C C U I ~ I ) ~ I 01' rhr ortlcr tmdcr ;q~pe;il or rrrisir~li (Jr rcvicw to 1~ s~;~ycd I I U .cut11 l i~nc :IS ti iniiy diinli ti[.

. - go-[{.' Y.<f<.! .; : ; k ! ~ c l ; ~ l ; ~ ,,2,-., .- : ,,.-.::.,,: '!:>il:>,j m ,; ! : ! , j r b ; , :,.r ;;U!J4 ;..:I,rj I;:., :LC-!:: ,!

p g l ~ ~ j ~ ~ L I:\;-;: ?<i;t;jij:! ;, P; ,;Jrhj! L::L;I: L. o-upzr;h!i;c -!-ribu~,ai ~ ~ ~ j J k i GIG i'r?l~ci;:,i :\u. shall shnJ lr ,~~~I.srrr 'Li ((1 -SLLIC I;ocer!~i~tc!ll 011 rlie J i l ~ c~u \vhicll tlu: Glth~rtis2:ab Cn- openilir:e 7ot:jetir:: (Amcl~dlueol) /kc.!. 2007 cnlnes i!;to Ihicu.

. . , - , . 80-r. :G.; c l i ~ ~ , : ; , , ~ I , Y .l;~di'.~i.'.~ <:I,L:L C::L!L~AL .,!;:il ; J ; I ' + , ~ ~ I L . { ] r l c g : ~ ~ f ~ i i ~ yj lkp~

Govenirrlenl 1s)' or u11dcr h i s Act, in iucll ;Ireas :lad 111 such cases as the Srak Go\.:!iilr~eni may direcr by q~cc~al or geluxtl urrler.

For clause (22) k~lloming C ~ ~ ~ L I S C s l ~ i t l l he S L I ~ S ~ ~ B ~ L E ~ , nxncly :-

' g ) prescribe Llle procedure LCI bc I'o1lol;~cJ i:! prcselllillg iu~d disposal 01' appcals, revision m d review."

Mi~ccU;rnrdu~. 9. In Lhc Chlianisg~rl~ Co-opcfatiue Society ACl 1960 ,fl(h'o. 17 of 1961) w l l ~ r c e ~ c r , Lllu words "Mwdliy;t.Pradesh Land D:.vcI~spmenr Dank Adl~i~~iy:u-o, 191% Wo. 23 nf 19Gl;)'' occur thc rvorcls "The Chhatlisg~rb C:o-nperaIi vt Agricul hlre and Rurnl D ~ v c i i ) p o ~ c n ~ I

Balk Adhinipm;, L999 (No. 20 ul- 20110)" shall b-, suhs~i~uted,

Rcptel. 10. Thr: C!h~a~isgarb Salialtari Socic~ y (Ari~cr~drneri~) Ordi~lnnce, 2003 (No. 4.~1' 2W33) is hereby rcpc;lled.

I 1.. I , . ~:5fm< m. Y ~ T , ; L , -:.:$! Z{JIj5 - - - - -. . . - - --- - -- - - + - - - . . . - - - A -

- CHHh?TISGPlM~,rl- (No. 22 of 2UW)

ik-I: CHHXI-i'iSC:AlI t l C:OUPEMI'IVE SOC'iETl ES (AXf END ;9 1EM] :\C'F, 2004

n n AN tu furtl~erto nmcnd thc Chhattisgarh C w p v ~ - a l i ~ S i Act, IY6U (NO. 17 aZ 19611. ,

Be i l enacted by lhc Chhatrisgarh Lcgislaturc in ~ h c riffy-fifty ycar orthe Republic of Indiaas rollows :-

I . (I) Ttis Act may bc called the --operative Sociclies IArnendment) Acl. 2003 sborl lltle and

m. 22 of 20W). I commenccmenl.

2 111 Swt ion 49 of! hc Ch hatlisgarh Co-upcmlive Soc ielies Act, 1960 (No. 17 or 196 1 ] . Amt~ldmcn! or

(hcreinaficr refcmd to ns thepriociyalhcr) :- Section 49. I - I -

1 1

1

(1) - Sub section (7-AA) and (7-AAA) shaII be omined. '

(2) Sub section (8) ( i ) and ( i i ) (Itc Culluwi~~g sllall be s~bst i tu td :-

"(8) If the c l c ~ i o n s ~ a r e nor I~eld bcfore ~ h e eapiq o r h c term: specif id in Sub-section (7-A) or ihc extendd rerm under deleted herein before subsection 17-AA), a11 the n~crnkrs ofthc comn~irtee shall bc deerncdko lla,vr: vacatdd their-sals and [he powers a l d ~ c commitec slmll b.c decrned to havc been vested in (he Registrar and the Regisiq shall hoid elcctions as early as possible. 5

Providcd that the Rcpistrar may ,autl~orizc any -ofliccr to cxcrcise the powers of Ihc conlmi ttre vcsled in him under this sub-seclion and the oficer so authorized shall e~crcisc such powers Fmm the datc of sodl au~liori7ation."

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' m27X{2020 4e4 (1)

CHHAITISGARH ACT(No.8 of2020)

CIIHAITISGARH C0OPERAIM SOCIETIES (AIVfiNDn/ffiNDACT,2O2O

AnAct further to amend the Chhattisgarh Co-operative SocietiesAct, 1960 (No.

l7 ofl96l).

Be it enacted by the Chhattisgarh Legislature in the Seventy-First Year of the

Republic of India, as follows :-

l. (l) This Act may be called the Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies Shorttitle,extent(Amendment) 4ct,2020. andcommencement

@ It extends to the whole State of Chhattisgarh.

(3) It shall come into force from the date of its publication in the OfficialGazelte.

2. IntheCtrhattisgarhCo-operativeSocietiesAct 1960(No.l7of 1961),for Section Amendmentof16-A, the following shall be substituted, namely :- Section 16-A.

*16-A. Any society may, enter into the collaboration with any Govemment" Undertaking, Cooperative Society or any Undertaking approved bythe State Government or a Private enterprise for carrying on anyspecific business including industrial investment, financial aid ormarketing and management expertise :

Provided that any society may enter into such collaborationby a resolution of the general body passed, at its general meeting by asimple majority ofthe members present and voting :

Provided furtherthat in each case, the society has to take priorpermission in writing of the State Government before entering into suchcollaboration: -

Provided further also that the State Government may delegate, its above powers to any competent offtcer as required."

3. The Chhattisgarh Co-operative Societies (Amendment) Ordinance,2020 (No. I Repealof2020) is hereby repealed.

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